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Mesozoic (Triassic-Cretaceous) magmatic rocks and structural deformation are widely distributed in the North China Craton (NCC) and are crucial to understanding the timing, location, and geodynamic mechanisms of lithospheric thinning and decratonization of the NCC. Our new geochronological, geochemical and structural data combined with previously published results on Mesozoic magmatic rocks and deformational structures in the NCC indicate a temporal and spatial migration of magmatism and deformation from its margins to its cratonal interior. Triassic and Early Jurassic igneous rocks are only distributed along the northern, southern and eastern margins of the NCC. In contrast, Cretaceous magmatic rocks are widely distributed in whole eastern and central parts of the NCC. There is a younging trend for Mesozoic magmatic rocks from the northern and eastern parts (Yanshan, Jiaodong Peninsula and Liaodong) to the central part of the NCC (Taihangshan). Mesozoic deformation in the NCC exhibits a similar migration trend from craton margins to its inland areas. Triassic-Early Jurassic deformation mainly occurred in the margins of the NCC and transformed from compression during the Early-Middle Triassic to extension during the Late Triassic to Early Jurassic in its northern margin. Middle-Late Jurassic to earliest Cretaceous deformation is widely distributed in the NCC and exhibited non-unique contractional directions usually perpendicular to boundaries of the NCC and its Ordos block, indicating that it was likely controlled by multiple tectonic regimes during the Middle-Late Jurassic to earliest Cretaceous. Early Cretaceous deformation was characterized by near unique NW-SE extension that was likely controlled by unique geodynamic regime that probably related to the far-field effect of Cretaceous Paleo-Pacific plate subduction. The above mentioned temporal and spatial migrations of Mesozoic magmatic rocks and deformation indicate that lithospheric thinning and decratonization of the NCC was diachronous and complex. The lithospheric thinning and decratonization of the NCC initially started from its northern and eastern margins as a result of post-collisional/post-orogenic lithospheric delamination during the Middle-Late Triassic, and then spread to the interior of the craton during the Late Mesozoic. Interactions of the surrounding orogenesis and the small size of the NCC may have played important roles on its Late Mesozoic lithospheric thinning and decratonization. | 9 |
The poorly studied variable star V390 Sco, previously classified as a Mira pulsator, was detected in a brightening event by the ESA Gaia satellite in September 2023. This work presents an analysis of available archival multifrequency photometric data of this target, along with our spectroscopic observations. Our findings lead to the conclusion that V390 Sco is a new symbiotic star identified by Gaia, currently undergoing a classical symbiotic outburst. Additionally, we uncovered three prior outbursts of this system through archival photometry. The outbursts recur approximately every 2330 - 2400 days, and we hypothesize the periastron passage in an eccentric orbit may trigger them, similarly to the case of BX Mon, DD Mic, or MWC 560. A detailed investigation into the nature of the donor star suggested that V390 Sco is an S-type symbiotic star, likely hosting a less evolved, semiregularly pulsating giant donor, but not a Mira variable. | 9 |
this invention concerns a device for recording three - dimensional ultrasound images . the device includes an ultrasound head which can be freely moved by hand , an ultrasound recording apparatus , an image processing system , and a position detection system . the position detection system has an analyzing unit and at least two sensors for detecting electromagnetic waves so that the position and orientation of the ultrasound head and , thus , the position and orientation of the ultrasound section images in space can be determined . | 0 |
a partition and wall system includes a partition with trim piece securely attached to a top edge and vertical side edges of the partition . one or both of the trim piece have a t - slot running along their length , to which accessories can be secured by use of t - fasteners that extend into the slot and engage blind surfaces at a bottom of the slot . the accessories include such things as screens , hooks , lights , panels , shelves , wire managers , utility - using devices , and the like , and can be easily arranged by office workers in optimal and customized arrangements , thus improving efficiency and adding function and value to the office arrangement . | 4 |
a method of building and assembling programs across computer networks that is dictated by the user to perform logical work without the user using a compiler . users are able to assemble programs over a network by defining or re - defining which logical components are bound into the overall program without the use of a compiler . logical components are called and bound into the program at run time , allowing dynamic programming which may be modified at any time without re - compiling the entire program . each logical component can act independently of other logical components or work in concert with each other . this allows assembly of a program , even though some components may be created using totally different methodologies and / or are constructed by different programmers . | 7 |
the present invention relates to novel improvements to an apparatus for uniformly decomposing compressed tablets into a uniform size powder form . more particularly , the present invention is directed to improvements to the rotor cap of the apparatus allowing the rotor cap to be easily removed from the apparatus without the need for removal tools thereby allowing easy conversion from right hand operation to left hand operation and vice versa . such improves also allow for disassembly and cleaning . additional improvements including providing for a coding tab configured to represent predefined information such as ownership and previous use . | 8 |
a controllable clutch includes a plurality of piston members , a plurality of oil passages communicating with the piston members and a plurality of grooves for receiving a roller from the piston members . the piston members are disposed in one of an inner race and an outer race . the pistons in the piston member can extend in the same rotational direction to form a one - way clutch in that direction . alternatively , the pistons in the piston members can extend in opposite rotational directions to form a clutch . or , by selectively applying hydraulic fluid to the piston members , a one - way clutch can selectively be formed in either rotational direction . | 5 |
the present invention presents a method for dynamically adjusting the capacity of a mobile communication system . in this method , the data rate of the data service can be properly and timely adjusted according to the current system load and the parameters of the system . considering the integrated effect of the data rate and the service duration , the method that makes the system capacity maximum is reasonable , effective and accurate . | 7 |
a water treatment apparatus for treating water in a device using water as a circulating medium comprises an extractor line for removing water from the device and ozone generation means for producing and conveying a supply of ozone . a contactor / mixer member is provided and has an entry passage for receiving water from the extractor line and ozone from the ozone generation means . the contactor / mixer member has contacting passages for receiving a water and ozone mixture from the entry passage and is configured so as to create turbulence to intimately mix the water and ozone along at least a portion of its length . a return line is provided for receiving and transporting the water and ozone mixture from the contacting passages back to the device . | 8 |
a laminated medical examination paper for use in a doctor &# 39 ; s office or other medical or health care delivery setting . | 1 |
a method of forming a color filter is provided . the method includes providing a mixture of a color filter material and a compressed fluid ; providing at least a partially controlled environment for retaining a substrate , the at least partially controlled environment being in fluid communication with the mixture of the color filter material and the compressed fluid ; providing a shadow mask in close proximity to the substrate retained in the at least partially controlled environment ; and chargably releasing the mixture of the color filter material and the compressed fluid into the at least partially controlled environment , wherein the color filter material becomes free of the compressed fluid prior to contacting the substrate at locations defined by the shadow mask thereby forming a patterned deposition on the substrate . | 1 |
a winding apparatus including a winding roll driving a bobbin and a yarn reservoir arranged between a yarn supply point and the winding roll . the state of filling of the reservoir is monitored by a monitoring device which generates a signal for controlling the speed of the winding roll . interposed between a driven drive shaft and the winding roll are a pair of intermediate wheels which are selectively brought into engagement with the drive shaft and the winding roll responsive to predetermined states of filling of yarn on the reservoir that is sensed by the monitoring device so as to either drive the winding roll at speed higher or lower than the delivery speed at the yarn delivery point . a brake lever is operably connected to a mechanism which supports the intermediate wheels and is brought into contact with the winding roll when both the intermediate wheels are out of engagement with the shaft and winding roll for stopping the winding roll . | 1 |
a device and method for harvesting , generating , storing , and delivering energy to a load , particularly for remote or inaccessible applications . the device preferably comprises one or more energy sources , at least one supercapacitor , at least one rechargeable battery , and a controller . the charging of the energy storage devices and the delivery of power to the load is preferably dynamically varied to maximize efficiency . a low power consumption charge pump circuit is preferably employed to collect power from low power energy sources while also enabling the delivery of higher voltage power to the load . the charging voltage is preferably programmable , enabling one device to be used for a wide range of specific applications . | 7 |
the system and method of the present invention process clarified emotional response data in order to guide next step adaptive behavior . emotional responses with predetermined clarified intensities are sorted . the best quality clarified intensity or intensities are then selected as the ‘ heart of the matter ’, which is then shown to a user to reveal how the user is most uniquely responding to a particular subject or issue . the user is then given guidance on how to respond to the particular subject or issue thereby guiding the user &# 39 ; s behavior in response to such subject or issue . | 6 |
an auxiliary drive traction system for an automated guideway transit vehicle . remotely controlled hydraulic or electrically powered auxiliary drive systems are used to drive the agt vehicle &# 39 ; s lateral guide wheels , which are biased against a running surface , thus providing an auxiliary drive and braking system . a remotely controlled clutch may be added so as to selectively couple the auxiliary drive system and the guide wheels . a protective skirt is attached to the edges of the guideway assembly along its entire length in order to shield the guide wheel running surfaces from adverse weather conditions . | 8 |
a collision - preventing apparatus for an electric motor vehicle in which wheels are driven by electric motors and the electric motors are subjected to braking such as regenerative braking or dynamic braking . the apparatus includes an obstacle sensor and a control unit for processing detected information supplied from the obstacle sensor and for outputting a brake actuation signal when the result of processing indicates a set of conditions predetermined to be dangerous , so as to apply brakes to the electric motors . | 8 |
methods and apparatus for providing an award based on a multiplicity of game outcomes . in one implementation the invention provides a method for providing a game . the method includes placing a bet by a player , playing of a game to produce a game outcome , evaluating a primary game outcome , paying a direct award if the primary outcome merits it , advancing a bonus accumulator if the primary outcome merits it , and if the bonus accumulator has advanced sufficiently , paying a bonus award to the player and clearing the bonus accumulator . | 6 |
special novelty effects apparatus are provided for inclusion on bicycles providing a synthesizer circuit device having a microprocessor circuit element and a memory chip element or flash drive element for receiving instructions for novelty sound and lighting effects that simulate atypical sounds and lighting as would be expected to emanate from a bicycle , such as sound of a motorcycle throttling in takeoff with simulated tailpipe emissions though lighting effects , or sounds of a truck or airplane , all for the recreational and entertainment application to a rider of a bicycle . | 1 |
a decoder for a memory device includes driving devices each applying a respective line voltage to a respective line of the memory device when turned on . the decoder also includes a control device coupled to the plurality of driving devices at a common node for generating a voltage that controls the driving devices to turn on or off . also , a capacitor coupled to the common node increases the voltage at the common node from an initial boost voltage to a final boost voltage . thus , a line of a memory device is driven to a boost voltage with minimized area and wiring complexity . | 6 |
a versatile support member constructed of a metallic mesh is provided in a bedding product . the support member is placed on top of the mattress core before the mattress cover is attached . the support member may be constructed of titanium wire in a woven or welded mesh grid or web configuration , although other metals , alloys thereof , or fiber composites may be used . the support member may be directly attached to the core or may be secured to the upper or lower border rods by hog rings , stitching , lacing , or other conventional means . | 8 |
a method of descaling a rod comprises forming at least one bend in the rod and rotating the bent portion in an appproximately circular path while maintaining it in a space having a distribution of separated cleaning particles therein in a suspended relationship relative thereto . the rotating bent portion strikes the distributed particles and is cleaned thereby . | 1 |
an integrated circuit chip , mounted on a leadframe , has a network of power distribution lines deposited on the surface of the chip so that these lines are located over active components of the ic , connected vertically by metal - filled vias to selected active components below the lines , and also by conductors to segments of the leadframe . the network relocates most of the conventional power distribution interconnections from the circuit level to the newly created surface network , thus saving substantial amounts of silicon real estate and permitting shrinkage of the ic area . the network is electrically connected to selected active components by metal - filled vias ; since these vias can easily be redesigned to other locations , ic designers gain a new degree of design freedom . the network relocates most of the bond pads dedicated to power supply from the conventional alignment along the chip periphery onto the newly created bondable lines , saving substantial additional amounts of silicon real estate , and freeing the bonding machines from their extremely tight connector placement and attachment rules to much more relaxed bonding programs . the network is deposited and patterned in wafer processing as a sequence of metal layers specifically suited for providing power current and electrical ground potential . the network has attachable outermost metal surface and is laid out so that network portions form pads convenient for attaching balls of bonding wires or solder . | 7 |
a system for air injection into tires , comprising a rotary air chamber secured to a hub cap wherein the rotary air chamber is configured to inject air into at least one tire when tire pressure drops below a first adjustable preset value and to release air from the at least one tire when tire pressure rises above a second adjustable preset value , an air shaft extending through the hub cap and into the rotary air chamber , an air line attached to the air shaft , and ball bearings affixed between the air shaft and the hub cap . a bracket can be fastened to the hub cap such that the rotary air chamber is fastened to the bracket . the hub cap and air shaft are fastened to the axle such that an air line extends from inside the axle through the air shaft to the rotary air chamber . | 1 |
the subject of this patent is a novel method for developing a sensing system that can determine a magnetic attraction force between a magnetic structure and its target level by using an opposing residual magnetic field to quantify said magnetic attraction force . steps for the development and implementation of an ormf sensing system are set forth herein . | 6 |
this invention is directed to alkyl cobalt dioximates and methods for making these dioximates . the alkyl cobalt dioximate has the following structural formula : wherein r 1 , and r 2 are individually selected from the following group : h , alkyl having at least 2 carbon atoms , substituted alkyl , aryl , substituted aryl , coor 5 , conr 6 r 7 , sr 7 , so 2 r 7 , so 2 nr 5 r 6 , sor 5 , so 3 r 5 , halogen , ccl 3 , cf 3 , cor 5 , cho , cr 6 r 7 or 5 , ch , cr 5 ; where r 5 , r 6 , and r 7 are independently selected from the following group : h , alkyl , substituted alkyl , aryl or substituted aryl and a is a substituted alkyl derived from an olefinic component and b is a component of a lewis base and where the substituents of the substituted alkyl are individually selected from the group of ester , ether , amide , halogen , ketone , hydroxy , aryl , so 2 - alkyl , sulfamido , and amino groups and the substituents for the substituted aryl are individually selected from the group of ester , ether , amide , halogen , ketone , hydroxy , alkyl , so 2 - alkyl , sulfamido , and amino groups . | 2 |
a driver observation system for extending the driver &# 39 ; s point of vision to the corners of a vehicle by transmitting forward , side and rear light images from camera mirror assemblies at or near the front and rear corners of a vehicle to monitors within the driver &# 39 ; s view at the controls of the vehicle . the system is suitable for either front or rear or both front and rear applications , as well as left or right or both left and right and may be installed after factory manufacture of the vehicle or as part of the original manufacture . | 1 |
the present invention is an article and process for determining the site of impact of a movable object on a treated surface , where a tennis ball is treated with a striking composition , and a boundary line region is treated with a receiving composition such that when the striking composition and the receiving composition are in physical contact , a colorimetric indicator is left on the receiving composition to indicate the point of contact . | 0 |
a fixing apparatus including a pair of rotary members forming a nip for pinching and conveying a recording material , and a rotatable heat supplying member in contact with at least either of the rotary members and supplying the rotary member with heat . an image forming on the pinched and conveyed recording material is fixed thereto by heat , and the rotary member receiving heat from the heat supplying member has different external diameters along the longitudinal direction and the heat supplying member has different plural external diameters so as to follow the shape of the rotary member . | 6 |
a screwdriver of the present invention is designed for use with power tools . the screwdriver provides an automatic disengagement mechanism to prevent excess penetration of the screw into a work surface . the screwdriver has a housing enclosing the motor and a bracing member inserted into the housing , in which the bracing member is shaped to slide inside the housing . a sleeve member adjustably secured to the bracing member so that when the sleeve member is in a fully extended position in relation to the bracing member the spindle containing a driver bit is engaged to the motor through a transmission assembly , such as clutches or ball bearings . alternatively , if the sleeve member is in a retracted position , then the spindle is disengaged from the motor thus stopping the rotation of the screw even if the motor is still rotating . | 1 |
a corner sander base including a sanding surface , the corner sander base for sanding proximate interior wallboard corners , the corner sander base including a first member and a second member connected together at a longitudinally oriented juncture where they form a tip , one side of the members defining a sanding surface . each member further includes a planar forward section which in the radial direction originates at the juncture and terminates at a longitudinally oriented transition wherein a forward angle is the angle subtended between the planar forward sections in the radial plane . each member further includes a planar rear section originating at the transition and connected to the forward section at the transition wherein a rear angle is the angle subtended between the planar rear sections in the radial plane and wherein the forward and rear angles selected to more aggressively sand the areas at the rear sections and less aggressively sand the area at the tip and forward section . | 1 |
the present invention provides methods and devices for annulus disc repair . the methods and devices are particularly suited to the repair and / or reconstruction of the spinal disc wall after surgical invasion or pathologic rupture , with reduced failure rate as compared to conventional surgical procedures . | 0 |
a memory system includes multiple memory banks and multiple ports , wherein n is greater than or equal to m . each of the memory banks is coupled to each of the ports . access requests are transmitted simultaneously on each of the ports . however , each of the simultaneous access requests specifies a different memory bank . each memory bank monitors the access requests on the ports , and determines whether any of the access requests specify the memory bank . upon determining that an access request specifies the memory bank , the memory bank performs an access to an array of single - port memory cells . simultaneous accesses are performed in multiple memory banks , providing a bandwidth equal to the bandwidth of one memory bank times the number of ports . an additional level of hierarchy may be provided , which allows further multiplication of the number of simultaneously accessed ports , with minimal area overhead . | 6 |
an apparatus for generating tracking error signals including : an optical detection unit having a plurality of divided light receiving elements to allow beams reflected from a recording surface of the optical disks to be incident ; a comparator for outputting after comparing the signals from light receiving elements , which correspond to the set group of the optical detection unit , with the reference signals set for the each group ; an error correction unit for correcting and outputting errors if there are any errors after mutual comparison with signals of the groups output from the comparator ; a phase - difference detection unit for outputting the signals for each group that correspond to a phase - difference after mutual comparison of the signals of the groups output from the error correction unit ; a subtractor for mutually subtracting the signals for each group from the phase - difference detection unit and outputting the tracking error signals . | 6 |
methods and apparatus to facilitate improve code division multiple access receivers are disclosed . an example method disclosed herein comprises : receiving a signal containing first portions that are based on known data and second portions that are based on unknown data ; generating a training signal , from the received signal , that substantially represents one or more of the first portions ; adapting filter coefficients using the training signal ; and equalizing the received signal using the adapted filter coefficients . | 7 |
a method and apparatus making use of that method for applying pressure to an element to be adhesively or comparably secured to a substrate . an example of such an apparatus is found in an adhesive patch and means for applying the patch to a surface which may have been ruptured . | 1 |
disclosed is a process of preparing blood spreads for microscopical examination wherein a smooth and homogeneous plasma layer is obtained . a combination of steps including timely fixation for the purpose of cell preservation , producing a cross - linked matrix in the plasma and performing of chemical reactions by diffusing reagents across an interface , are performed for the purpose of stabilizing both the cell shape and the smoothness and homogeneity of the plasma layer , while the fresh and still wet blood spread is immersed in a non - polar , water immisicible , solvent . | 6 |
the present invention provides a method of correcting coordinates so as to quickly and properly arrange a sample in a field of view in a review apparatus for moving a sample stage onto the specified coordinates to review the sample . a review apparatus according to the present invention , which is a review apparatus for moving a sample stage onto coordinates previously calculated by a checking apparatus to review the sample , has a function of retaining a plurality of coordinate correction tables to correct a deviation between a coordinate value previously calculated by a checking apparatus and an actual sample position detected by the review apparatus . the review apparatus evaluates correction accuracy of the plurality of coordinate correction tables and applies one of the coordinate correction tables with the maximum evaluation value . | 6 |
a unitized fiber - reinforced plastic boat hull frame is disclosed in which the structural members , most commonly a keel and ribs , comprising the frame are constructed of fiber - reinforced plastic formed within a mold corresponding to the shapes of the various members . the members are attached to one another by either contacting them together prior to the completion of curing to produce a plastic bond , or with appropriate adhesives after curing . planking comprised of any suitable material , wood for example , is added to complete the hull . | 1 |
First release of IoComp, software and data pertaining to the publication Spencer et al 2020 - "Compositional layering in Io driven by magmatic segregation and volcanism" | 9 |
a system and method efficiently and anonymously retrieves large scale web data through a restricted query interface . a number of proxy servers are utilized to permit parallel access to a target web server for processing multiple queries simultaneously . latency in the individual queries is absorbed by the proxy servers . queries that would otherwise appear structured to the target server are assigned to the proxy server in a random fashion , obscuring the structured nature of the queries . the anonymous nature of the queries made by the proxy servers furthermore conceals the identity of the originating server . | 8 |
systems and apparatus for managing buffers in a buffer memory are described . in at least one aspect , a system includes a buffer memory including a plurality of buffers ; an allocation memory including a plurality of allocation data elements associated with the plurality of buffers ; an allocation clear register coupled with the allocation memory ; a reclaim memory including a plurality of reclaim data elements each associated with an allocation data element and corresponding buffer ; a reclaim clear register coupled with the reclaim memory ; an allocation register configured to receive one or more allocation data elements from the allocation memory ; and a buffer manager . | 6 |
a self - contained vacuum circular saw is presented . the vacuum saw has a casing around the saw blade that includes an accordion type lower section attached to the lower platform of the saw . a number of vacuum tubes , preferably four , are attached to the side of the circular saw opposite the blade . the armature of the circular saw that turns the blade also turns the vacuum impeller on the side opposite the blade . an impeller vacuum chamber pulls in the dust and debris created by the saw blade and discharges the dust and debris into a disposable and removable vacuum bag . an important aspect of this device is that the motor that turns the saw blade also turns the impeller , thus making the self - contained vacuum saw moveable from site to site . | 8 |
a caster system wherein a constant force is applied to the caster for load support purposes . a plurality of casters are interconnected by a fluid conduit system and each caster includes an expansible chamber motor for adjusting the vertical position of the caster . a fluid pressurizing unit communicates with the conduits and an adjustable force compression spring selectively varies the biasing force on the piston to adjust the equal force imposed upon each caster wheel . | 8 |
a composition and method of using extracts to form a compound or compounds of what are termed food supplements , which comprise in combination essential antioxidant ingredients and materials characterized by their stability for an extended period of time while in the dry state and under ambient conditions ; said antioxidant ingredients and materials are selected from a group consisting of extracts of animal tissue and / or plant tissue ; in an orally ingestible carrier such as capsules , tablets , a dried form as in a tea , a diluent , or any other delivery system , for the treatment of animals , including humans , to ameliorate the effects of lung conditions or other degenerative conditions due to aging . | 0 |
a food carrier configured for use in decorating , storing , serving and transporting food in a single device . the food carrier includes a turntable base having a body and a rotating member that rotates about a central axis relative to the body , a serving platter configured to removably secure to the turntable base ; and a lid configured to engage the turntable base . the turntable base has a plurality of locking mechanisms to secure the rotating member relative to the body . the lid may be lockable to the turntable base by at least one locking mechanism . | 0 |
a stabilized saturated reactor comprising a solid toroidal core of magnetic material . the core has at least one end face provided with plural circumferentially spaced slots . each slot extends in a substantially radial plane with respect to the central axis of the core . each slot has a width substantially less than the cross - sectional dimensions of the core . the core may have a second end face which is provided with plural slots staggered circumferentially in relation to the slots in the other end face to simulate a linear reactor . the core , with both end faces slotted , may be combined under a common winding with an unslotted saturated toroidal core spaced therefrom to simulate the stabilized saturated reactor core having only one slotted end face . | 7 |
a hospital bed comprises a base , a patient support platform mounted above the base , and a selectively manipulable support integral with the platform . the support is movable to a position above the platform to raise the bed mattress and corresponding body part such as head , lumbar region of the back and / or the feet . | 0 |
the present invention relates to the communication field and discloses a communication method and gateway device based on session initiation protocol phones . to enable a sip phone to communicate over the circuit switched domain of a high speed packet access network , the technical solution of the present invention includes : when receiving sip signaling from a sip phone , sending an hspa call command associated with the sip signaling to an hspa network device ; when receiving an hspa call command from the hspa network device , sending sip signaling associated with the hspa call command to the sip phone ; when receiving a real - time transport packet from the sip phone , sending pulse code modulation data associated with the rtp packet to the hspa network device ; and when receiving pcm data from the hspa network device , sending an rtp packet associated with the pcm data to the sip phone . the present invention is applicable to sip communications . | 7 |
a low profile carriage is mounted on widely spread wheels to roll along the underwater surfaces of a swimming pool . the carriage is propelled by a high velocity stream of water projecting from a rearwardly directed thrust nozzle . there is a venturi restriction just forward of the thrust nozzle , creating a low pressure zone that induces flow of water through the bottom of the carriage , drawing in leaves and other debris . the water so drawn in passes through a screen , trapping the debris in a removable pod or bin depending from the carriage . the top of the carriage is relatively flat and the depending debris pod is curved downward to form an inverted air foil , whereby the pressure differential between the top and bottom of the carriage biases the carriage against the swimming pool surface traversed thereby . | 4 |
a retainer apparatus including a retainer clip having a back component , a pair of side plate components , and a pair of front plate components that hold a retractor mechanism for extending and retracting a latch of a lock assembly . the retainer apparatus allows the retractor mechanism to be pre - assembled , ready for connection to a pre - assembled chassis of the lock assembly . one embodiment of the retainer clip is a single formed piece having a back component with at least one post for supporting a spring , side components to provide a bearing surface to slide the retractor mechanism , and front components angled inward to retain the retractor mechanism and the latch . a plurality of prongs extend from the retainer clip to receive the chassis of the lock assembly . | 8 |
in a method for avoiding transients during switching processes in integrated circuits , a module of the integrated circuit is switched from a first operating state to a second operating state , a load change occurring thereby . in this case , it is ensured that the occurring quotient of load change and time duration for the transition from the first operating state to the second operating state does not exceed a predetermined limit value , thereby reducing or avoiding transients associated with such switching . | 7 |
a cross - track plunging constant velocity joint assembly includes an inner race having an outer diameter , an axial length , inner ball tracks , and a spline engageable with a first torque transfer member . an outer race has an inner diameter , an outer diameter , and outer ball tracks . the outer race is connectable to a second torque transfer member . a cage having multiple windows is disposed between the inner and outer races . a plurality of balls having a ball diameter are held by the cage within the windows and engage pairs of the inner and outer ball tracks . the balls define a joint pitch circle diameter . the inner race has a plunge depth within the outer race . the ratio of 1 . 2 ≦≦ 1 . 7 is satisfied . | 5 |
a method for region analysis of a document image applied to region analysis system of a document image , the method includes the steps of : a ) analyzing a connected component though a reduced documentimage ; b ) classifying the connected component by generating a tree according to analysis result of the connected component ; c ) grouping text components from the classified connected component according to a spatial connection ; and d ) refining a text block by repeating segmentation and merge of the connected component after the grouping . | 6 |
aspects of the invention pertain to transmitting packet data across a computer network . the packets may be sent via one or more distinct routes from a source to a destination . each route may employ multiple routers disposed along the network . non - colliding routes are determined by transmitting pairs of probe packets along the routes . a first probe packet has a maximal length , and a second probe packet has a minimal length . depending on the order of arrival of the probe packets , the system determines whether two transport layer ports at the destination device collide . if there is a collision , then the system searches for a set of non - colliding ports . once the non - colliding ports are determined , application data may be sent as packets along the different routes to those ports . | 7 |
an image processing system assigns weight factors to two respective image signals of the equivalent color space so that the two image signals are combined according to the respective weight factors . for example , two weight factors having a sum of unity are assigned to the respective image signals . alternatively , two weight factors are assigned independently . | 7 |
the present invention relates to a serine - threonine phosphatase protein of a parasitic organism of the apixomplexa phylum and uses thereof . | 0 |
a spark management device includes a high voltage power source and a detector configured to monitor a parameter of an electric current provided to a load device . in response to the parameter , a pre - spark condition is identified . a switching circuit is responsive to identification of the pre - spark condition for controlling the electric current provided to the load device so as to manage sparking including , but not limited to , reducing , eliminating , regulating , timing , and / or controlling any intensity of arcs generated . | 7 |
the present invention relates to an alloy type thermal fuse and a fuse element which are particularly useful as a thermoprotector for a battery . it is an object of the invention to provide an alloy type thermal fuse in which a ternary in — sn — bi alloy or an alloy in which ag or cu is added to the ternary alloy is used as a fuse element , or the fuse element wherein dispersion of the operating temperature can be satisfactorily suppressed , the operating temperature can be set to about 100 ° c . or lower , and the specific resistance and the mechanical strength of the fuse element can be sufficiently ensured . a low - melting fusible alloy serving as the fuse element has an alloy composition of 50 to 55 % in , 25 to 40 % sn , and balance bi . in a preferable range of the composition , in is 51 to 53 %, sn is 32 to 36 %, and a balance is bi . | 7 |
the invention pertains to a head - disk assembly device , “ mass spin - valve ” or “ gravitational rectifier ” and method of producing gravitomagnetic induction utilizing nano - features ; nano - bumps and nano - pits ; fabricated on the surface of a hard disk . the device includes a computer hard disk ; a piezoelectric glide head and / or a gmr read head ; a typical hard drive &# 39 ; s electronics ; wherein , defects are fabricated on the said disk using a focused ion beam by depositing requisite number of nanobumps of specified height , and etching equal number of nanopits of specified depth a few mils or mm apart on a pre - decided radius . by spinning the said nano - features disk produce an associated mechanical force utilizing a piezoelectric glide head and / or an associated magnetic force utilizing a gmr read head ; for general use in surface characterization work and for producing power by the presence or the absence of matter on a spinning disk . | 6 |
CryoGrid 3 is a land-surface scheme dedicated to modeling of ground temperatures in permafrost environments. Its excess ice module Xice is capable of simulating ground subsidence and thermokarst lake formation due to melting of excess ground ice. The basic version of CryoGrid 3 and Xice is described in Westermann et al. (2016). This version (xice_mpi_IS_TC) has been extended to allow simulation of linear infrastructure by defining laterally coupled gravel road embankment tiles. It has been used for a research article in The Cryosphere (TCD 2020, see below). References Westermann, S., Langer, M., Boike, J., Heikenfeld, M., Peter, M., Etzelmüller, B., & Krinner, G. (2016). Simulating the thermal regime and thaw processes of ice-rich permafrost ground with the land-surface model CryoGrid 3. Geosci. Model Dev., 9(2), 523–546. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-523-2016 Schneider von Deimling, T., Lee, H., Ingeman-Nielsen, T., Westermann, S., Romanovsky, V., Lamoureux, S., Walker, D. A., Chadburn, S., Cai, L., Trochim, E., Nitzbon, J., Jacobi, S., and Langer, M.: Consequences of permafrost degradation for Arctic infrastructure – bridging the model gap between regional and engineering scales, The Cryosphere Discuss. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-2020-192, 2020. | 9 |
a system which operates to determine temperature of an image sensor using the same signal chain that is used to detect the image sensor actual outputs . a correlated double sampling circuit is used to obtain the image outputs . that &# 39 ; s same correlated double sampling circuit is used to receive two different inputs from the temperature circuit , and to subtract one from the other . the temperature output can be perceived , for example , once each frame . | 7 |
a latching relay employing an electro - magnetic relay coil having associated therewith opposite end armatures . this relay coil receives operating power by way of an input contact member . one of the armatures carries a manually operated switch which also includes an end for actuating the closure contact . the opposite armature functions to assist in the manual switching and in its inactive state blocks operation of the primary armature . another contact is associated with one of the armatures for providing high power transfer . | 7 |
the present invention comprises a new topology of a balanced variable reluctance transducer where magnets are moved to a lateral position relative to the dynamic flux circuit . this makes the whole transducerfig . considerably smaller and the air gaps become fully visible from the outside . | 7 |
a method for producing a micromechanical device , e . g ., a micromechanical oscillating mirror device , is provided . it is provided , starting from the front side of an soi / eoi substrate , to penetrate to the desired depth of the silicon substrate layer in two successive , separate deep etching steps , and to use this in its upper region that is close to the oxide layer as sacrificial layer for vertically exposing the island structures that are positioned above the oxide layer in the functional layer . the method according to the present invention of a sacrificial layer process for generating large vertical deflections utilizes purely surface micromechanical process steps . | 1 |
a grapple skidder for dragging a bundle of logs or trees from one location to a selected site . the grapple skidder comprises a boom and grapple assembly including a grapple suspended from an arched boom arm pivotally mounted to a linear main boom pivotable between forward and rearward inclined positions . a heel is directly mounted on the underside of the main boom to provide an arresting surface against which the butt ends of the trees abut when the boom and grapple assembly is operated to lift a bundle of trees over another bundle of trees lying on the ground . the arresting surface retains the grasped trees against pivotal movement due to gravitational forces , whereby pivotal movement of the main boom in a direction opposite to that which tend to be induced by the gravitational forces results in the trees being completely lifted off the ground . | 1 |
a life preserver comprising a buoyant toroidal body having spaced yieldable strap members surrounding at least a portion of the toroidal body , a length of rope extending around the inner periphery of the toroidal body and passing through the central portions of the strap members whereby the rope is maintained in a normal stowage position substantially adjacent the inner periphery of the toroidal body , the rope having the opposite ends thereof extending radially outwardly beyond the outer periphery of the toroidal body and through a passageway for connection with a retrieving cable whereby the rope may be moved radially inwardly against the force of the yieldable strap members to snugly engage the body of a victim disposed within the interior or central opening of the toroidal body to facilitate rescue of the victim without assist from the victim himself . | 1 |
a composition for cosmetic products and a method for making the cosmetic products , the composition comprises particles of pigments and / or extender pigments , water - soluble metal salt , and one or more hydrophobidizing agents selected from hydrogenated lecithin , and water - soluble alkali salt of fatty acids , acylamino acids , and acyl collagen with the water - soluble metal salt and the one or more hydrophobidizing agents being prevented from chemically interacting with one another in the presence of ambient moisture prior to placement of the composition into an aqueous slurry by encapsulation or by entrapment of one of such materials . | 8 |
apparatus for measuring gas comprising a gas sensing unit having a gas inlet membrane and being evacuated by a sputter ion pump via a restrictive conductance . said conductance has a very low value relative to the pumping speed of the pump , whereby a change in the pumping speed of the pump causes substantially no change in the pumping speed with which the gas sensing unit is evacuated , so that the output signal of said gas sensing unit is a true reflection of the gas entering said inlet , without distortion which would otherwise be caused by changes in pumping speed of said pump . | 6 |
a system and method have been provided for determining a frequency tolerance between a generated clock and an input data rate . the invention analyzes beatnotes , externally generated through a comparison of clock and input data rates , and an overflow count of the clock . the occurrence of overflow counts , without intervening beatnotes , indicates that the clock and data rate are close in frequency . the occurrence of beatnotes without intervening overflow counts indicates that the clock and data rates are not close in frequency . hysteresis is built into the system , preventing the system from indicating an out - of - lock condition when the beatnotes immediate follow the an overflow count , or when the system monitors occasional beatnotes . | 8 |
we improve still further the crashworthiness of a tubular - frame chassis by providing a means for absorbing lower - energy impacts without deforming the tubular steel frame , the vehicle comprises a chassis structure including a load - bearing tubular chassis member extending longitudinally within the vehicle , at least one crush structure located laterally outside of the chassis member , the crush structure having an upper and a lower extent that overlap with an upper and lower extent of the chassis member . in this way , the crush structure is able to interact with the chassis member , transferring impact forces to the chassis member and thereby reducing the necessary size of the crush structure . the crush structure is preferably removable , to allow replacement after an impact . alternatively , the crush structure part of a door of the vehicle , positioned as necessary when the door is closed . | 1 |
a heat resistant brazing alloy of a major amount of gold , a lesser amount of indium and a minor amount of tin . the alloy is particularly suited for use in bonding electrical components to chip carrying substrates which are to be reworked . | 1 |
In this paper, globular star clusters which contain a subsystem of stellar mass black holes (BH) are investigated. This is done by considering two-component models, as these are the simplest approximation of more realistic multimass systems, where one component represents the BH population and the other represents all the other stars. These systems are found to undergo a long phase of evolution where the centre of the system is dominated by a dense BH subsystem. After mass segregation has driven most of the BH into a compact subsystem, the evolution of the BH subsystem is found to be influenced by the cluster in which it is contained. The BH subsystem evolves in such a way as to satisfy the energy demands of the whole cluster, just as the core of a one-component system must satisfy the energy demands of the whole cluster. The BH subsystem is found to exist for a significant amount of time. It takes approximately 10t<SUB>rh,i</SUB>, where t<SUB>rh,i</SUB> is the initial half-mass relaxation time, from the formation of the compact BH subsystem up until the time when 90 per cent of the subsystem total mass is lost (which is 10<SUP>3</SUP> times the half-mass relaxation time of the BH subsystem at its time of formation). Based on theoretical arguments, the rate of mass-loss from the BH subsystem (Mdot<SUB>2</SUB>) is predicted to be -βζM/(αt<SUB>rh</SUB>), where M is the total mass, t<SUB>rh</SUB> is the half-mass relaxation time and α, β, ζ are three dimensionless parameters (see Section 2 of the main text for details). An interesting consequence of this is that the rate of mass-loss from the BH subsystem is approximately independent of the stellar mass ratio (m<SUB>2</SUB>/m<SUB>1</SUB>) and the total mass ratio (M<SUB>2</SUB>/M<SUB>1</SUB>) (in the range m<SUB>2</SUB>/m<SUB>1</SUB> ≳ 10 and M<SUB>2</SUB>/M<SUB>1</SUB> ∼ 10<SUP>-2</SUP>, where m<SUB>1</SUB> and m<SUB>2</SUB> are the masses of individual low-mass and high-mass particles, respectively, and M<SUB>1</SUB> and M<SUB>2</SUB> are the corresponding total masses). The theory is found to be in reasonable agreement with most of the results of a series of N-body simulations, and with all of the models if the value of ζ is suitably adjusted. Predictions based on theoretical arguments are also made about the structure of BH subsystems. Other aspects of the evolution are also considered such as the conditions for the onset of gravothermal oscillation. | 9 |
a surgical plate and process for preventing screw backout of repaired bones . at least one pawl is provided on a surgical plate adjacent to a screw hole . a screw having a ratchet wheel is inserted through the hole and screwed into the bone . the pawl engages the ratchet wheel to prevent rotational movement of the screw to prevent the screw from backing out . in a preferred embodiment , a pawl plate comprising a base portion is rigidly connected to the surgical plate and a torsion bar is pivotally connected to the base portion . the pawl is positioned at the end of the torsion bar . in the preferred embodiments , several of these special screw holes with pawls , and several screws are used in bone repair . | 0 |
a vehicle seat has seating components , such as a seat piece , a backrest and a leg - rest , which are adjustable as to their positions , particularly in their relative inclination , by at least one operating device . a monitoring device monitors all the boundary geometries of the moving seat components which may cause collisions and which have given spatial constraints . the monitoring device controls the operating devices at all points to guarantee a collision - free movement of all seat components within the spatial constraints . the vehicle seat considered as a total system can undergo adjustment processes without a damaging collision occurring . | 1 |
a new and distinct variety of apricot tree , denominated ‘ asfcot0404 ’, has fruits of very long shelf life without alteration after harvesting , of mildly acidic and sweet taste , with an attractive bright orange fruit skin covered by an appealing red blush . | 0 |
the present invention provides a memory chip for use in an oximeter sensor , or an associated adapter or connector circuit . the memory chip allows the storing of different data to provide enhanced capabilities for the oximeter sensor . in addition to providing unique data to store in such a memory , the invention describes unique uses of data stored in such a memory . the data stored in the memory chip includes information relating to enhancing the performance of the oximetry system . | 0 |
formic acid cannot be easily removed from acetic acid by distillation because of the closeness of their vapor pressures . formic acid can be readily removed from acetic acid by extraction distillation . typical extractive distillation agents are carboxylic acids in the range of hexamoic acid to neodecanoic acid with or without solvents such as methyl benzoate , acetophenone and nitrobenzene . | 2 |
insertion of a lightguide preform into a tube without contacting the sides thereof is accomplished by first roughly aligning the rod in spaced axial alignment with the tube . thereafter , the offset of the rod from the axis of the tube is measured and the amount of lateral movement of the rod from the axis is determined . then the rod is moved laterally in accordance with the determined amount of movement to precisely align the rod with the tube . once alignment has been achieved , the rod is inserted in the tube and the tube is collapsed thereabout . an apparatus for practicing this method is disclosed . | 8 |
the present invention provides methods and uses for an interferon composition in the treatment of avian influenza . transmission of avian influenza virus h5n1 to humans has been shown to be highly pathogenic . the present invention provides for methods of treatment that provide a broad spectrum , first line defense against avian influenza infection in humans . the methods of the present invention can be further extended to treat strains of avian influenza viruses that have resulted from antigenic drift , this potentially resulting in avian influenza based virus which is highly pathogenic and transmissible between humans . | 0 |
a network device for minimizing latency and correcting errors associated with information transmitted from an external memory device . the network device includes a management unit for requesting information stored on at least one external memory device . the network device also includes a command unit for transmitting a request from the management unit to the external memory device . the command unit maintain at least one counter that is associated with current requests and compares the at least one counter to at least one predefined threshold in order to throttle the management unit when the at least one counter exceeds the at least one threshold . the network device further includes means for aligning information from the at least one external memory device with information transmitted from the command unit to the management unit and for ensuring that aligned information is accurate . | 7 |
Here we provide analysis code and data used to produce the figures in the manuscript "UKESM1.1: Development and evaluation of an updated configuration of the UK Earth System Model" submitted for publication to Geoscientific Model Development. | 9 |
a method for determining the existence and the amount of soluble fibrin contained in a specimen fluid is provided . the method includes the steps of precipitating soluble fibrin out of the opaque specimen fluid , aggregating the soluble fibrin precipitates in a limited region of a transparent container so as to render the precipitates optically detectable in the opaque specimen fluid , and optically detecting the precipitates . the amount of soluble fibrin may be determined by measuring the time from the addition of the precipitating regent to the detection of the soluble fibrin precipitates . methods of the present invention allow one to measure soluble fibrin in whole blood , and therefore render the test useful in the operating room under conditions of major surgery and in the presence of severe trauma wherein dic is likely to supervene . | 6 |
the invention relates to a conveyor to convey animal products in an agricultural business , as well as a drive unit for such a conveyor . furthermore , the invention relates to a method to convey animal products in an agricultural business by means of a conveyor . the conveyor comprises a conveyor belt , a belt drive for driving the conveyor belt in a minimum of one conveying direction , and a measuring unit that is designed and arranged to determine a load rate of the conveyor belt , wherein the load rate of the conveyor belt is a power value of the belt drive and / or a bearing reaction of a bearing in the belt drive . | 1 |
an exemplary method of making a key is provided . a bitted surface is formed in a key blade of a key blank . a groove is formed in a first side of the key blade . at least one receptacle is formed in the groove . a notch is formed in the groove adjacent to the at least one receptacle for mating with a rib in a lock cylinder . | 8 |
a hidden document - covering device for a scanner , especially for a scanner built in the case of a computer in which a device is used for holding the document on a moving tray during scanning process . the document - covering device always hides itself in the case even when the tray moves out . during the scanning process , the document for scanning is firmly pressed onto the tray to prevent from curling or sliding . after scanning , i . e . when the tray moving out , the document - covering device will release the document for easy loading and unloading . | 7 |
a swellable element includes a mandrel , a swellable material disposed about the mandrel and at least one cut in the swellable material and method . | 4 |
an insert carrying cartridge filtering element for use in converting a liquid filter from a bag - type filter where fluid entering the filter flows into a bag and is strained through the bag to a cartridge - type filter where fluid entering the filter passes through the cartridge filtering element and exits the filter . | 1 |
an air compressor includes a crankcase , a cylinder secured to the crankcase , a crankshaft disposed inside the crankcase and adapted to be rotated by a drive means , a piston reciprocatively installed inside the cylinder , and a connecting rod for connecting the crankshaft to the piston . part of the drive power circuit of the drive means is constructed so as to be cut off when displacement of the constituent members of the compressor other than predetermined displacement occurs and / or when the temperature inside the compressor rises above a predetermined value . thus the passage of electric current to the drive means is cut off , the compressor being brought to a halt without causing secondary damage to develop . | 5 |
method and apparatus embrace loading electrical conductor wires into a wire retainer which in turn is made to engage and become part of a frame having grooves therein and apertures adapted to receive the retainer and / or components which are terminated to wires implanted in said grooves . the wire retainer may be in the form of a simple wire organizer or an electrical connector . wire implantation via rolling is taught wherein a roller is driven to cause frame movement beneath the roller . | 8 |
The flux of relativistic electrons in the Earth's radiation belts is highly variable and can change by orders of magnitude on timescales of a few hours. Understanding the drivers for these changes is important as energetic electrons can damage satellites. We present results from a new code, the British Antarctic Survey (BAS) Radiation Belt model, which solves a 3-D Fokker-Planck equation, following a similar approach to the Versatile Electron Radiation Belt (VERB) code, incorporating the effects of radial diffusion, wave-particle interactions, and collisions. Whistler mode chorus waves, plasmaspheric hiss, and lightning-generated whistlers (LGW) are modeled using new diffusion coefficients, calculated by the Pitch Angle and Energy Diffusion of Ions and Electrons (PADIE) code, with new wave models based on satellite data that have been parameterized by both the AE and Kp indices. The model for plasmaspheric hiss and LGW includes variation in the wave-normal angle distribution of the waves with latitude. Simulations of 100 days from the CRRES mission demonstrate that the inclusion of chorus waves in the model is needed to reproduce the observed increase in MeV flux during disturbed conditions. The model reproduces the variation of the radiation belts best when AE, rather than Kp, is used to determine the diffusion rates. Losses due to plasmaspheric hiss depend critically on the the wave-normal angle distribution; a model where the peak of the wave-normal angle distribution depends on latitude best reproduces the observed decay rates. Higher frequency waves (∼1-2 kHz) only make a significant contribution to losses for L<SUP>∗</SUP><3 and the highest frequencies (2-5 kHz), representing LGW, have a limited effect on MeV electrons for 2<L<SUP>∗</SUP><5.5. | 9 |
a method and system of detecting and reporting failures in a computer , in particular a personal computer is disclosed . event codes related to failure events are given unique alpha numeric designations , allowing universal recognition of failures related to diagnostic programs that are ran . the unique event codes are stored in an error log when a particular failure is found through the operation of a diagnostic program . the error log is parsed as to determined values and can be minimized further by eliminating redundant occurrences of the event codes . event codes can be related to frequently asked question files , the faq files can then be presented to a user . in certain cases , the presented faq files can be minimized further by a template that masks out irrelevant faq files . the faq file that are considered relevant can be predetermined per the requirements of the user . | 6 |
this invention relates to novel nylon compositions that maintain their appearance on weathering in the presence of u . v . light and a process of their manufacture . these composition are useful in a variety of applications including fibers , molded plastic parts , films and coatings . | 2 |
Luminous blue variables (LBVs) are massive stars that show strong spectral and photometric variability. The questions of what evolutionary stages they represent and what exactly drives their instability are still open, and thus it is important to understand whether LBVs without significant ongoing activity exist, and for how long such dormant LBVs may 'sleep'. In this paper we investigate the long-term variability properties of the LBV candidate MN 112, by combining its optical and infrared spectral data covering 12 years with photometric data covering nearly a century, as acquired from both modern time-domain sky surveys and historical photographic plates. We analyse the spectra, derive the physical properties of the star by modelling its atmosphere, and use a new distance estimate from Gaia data release 3 (DR3) to determine the position of MN 112 both inside the Galaxy and in the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram. The distance estimation has almost doubled in comparison with Gaia DR2. Because of this, MN 112 moved to upper part of the diagram, and according to our modelling it lies on an evolutionary track for a star with initial mass $M_*=70~\rm M_\odot$ near the Humphreys-Davidson limit. Given the absence of any significant variability, we conclude that the star is a dormant LBV that has now been inactive for at least a century. | 9 |
The strong equivalence principle (SEP) distinguishes general relativity (GR) from other viable theories of gravity. The SEP demands that the internal dynamics of a self-gravitating system under freefall in an external gravitational field should not depend on the external field strength. We test the SEP by investigating the external field effect (EFE) in Milgromian dynamics (MOND), proposed as an alternative to dark matter in interpreting galactic kinematics. We report a detection of this EFE using galaxies from the Spitzer Photometry and Accurate Rotation Curves (SPARC) sample together with estimates of the large-scale external gravitational field from an all-sky galaxy catalog. Our detection is threefold: (1) the EFE is individually detected at 8σ to 11σ in "golden" galaxies subjected to exceptionally strong external fields, while it is not detected in exceptionally isolated galaxies, (2) the EFE is statistically detected at more than 4σ from a blind test of 153 SPARC rotating galaxies, giving a mean value of the external field consistent with an independent estimate from the galaxies' environments, and (3) we detect a systematic downward trend in the weak gravity part of the radial acceleration relation at the right acceleration predicted by the EFE of the MOND modified gravity. Tidal effects from neighboring galaxies in the Λ cold dark matter (CDM) context are not strong enough to explain these phenomena. They are not predicted by existing ΛCDM models of galaxy formation and evolution, adding a new small-scale challenge to the ΛCDM paradigm. Our results point to a breakdown of the SEP, supporting modified gravity theories beyond GR. | 9 |
an indirect system spot welding machine in which the jig grasps a work via the material handling robot , said jig being comprised of a work clamper portion to clamp and fix the work and an earth clamper portion to connect the work to the terminal of an earth cable at a welding transformer side , the spot welding machine being provided with a lifting mechanism for supporting an electrode and another lifting mechanism for supporting a back bar , independently , to shorten the length of the earth cable to be used and eliminate the necessity of the particular jigs for the work positioning and to prevent pressed trace by the spot electrode from the products . | 1 |
a method for converting micromotions into macromotions by providing a plurality of piezoelectric members having surface areas sufficient to change the volume of the piezoelectric members macroscopically when their lengths are changed microscopically . the members are located in a sealed chamber filled with an incompressible dielectric liquid . when the piezoelectric members are increased in their volume under the effect of an electric current , this variation of volume is transmitted through the incompressible liquid to a small - diameter piston rod which is made integrally with a piston head of a substantially greater diameter . the piston head is located in a hydraulic cylinder of a hydraulic multiplicator which transmits the pressure developed in a chamber of the hydraulic multiplicator to a piston . this piston is connected to a working tool , so that when the piezoelectric members increase in their lengths microscopically , this microscopic increase in length is converted into a macroscopic increase in volume of the piezoelectric members which via the incompressible liquid displace piston rod for a substantial length which is further increased by the hydraulic amplifier and is transmitted to the working tool . an apparatus for carrying out the above - described method is made in the form of a hermetically sealed housing divided into a first chamber and a second chamber . the second chamber is filled with the incompressible liquid and contains the above - mentioned piezoelectric members , while the first chamber forms a part of the above - mentioned hydraulic amplifier . | 7 |
In this paper we examine the factors that shape the distribution of molecular gas surface densities on the 150 pc scale across 67 morphologically diverse star-forming galaxies in the PHANGS-ALMA CO (2-1) survey. Dividing each galaxy into radial bins, we measure molecular gas surface density contrasts, defined here as the ratio between a fixed high percentile of the CO distribution and a fixed reference level in each bin. This reference level captures the level of the faint CO floor that extends between bright filamentary features, while the intensity level of the higher percentile probes the structures visually associated with bright, dense interstellar medium features like spiral arms, bars, and filaments. We compare these contrasts to matched percentile-based measurements of the 3.6 μm emission measured using Spitzer/IRAC imaging, which trace the underlying stellar mass density. We find that the logarithms of CO contrasts on 150 pc scales are 3-4 times larger than, and positively correlated with, the logarithms of 3.6 μm contrasts probing smooth nonaxisymmetric stellar bar and spiral structures. The correlation appears steeper than linear, consistent with the compression of gas as it flows supersonically in response to large-scale stellar structures, even in the presence of weak or flocculent spiral arms. Stellar dynamical features appear to play an important role in setting the cloud-scale gas density in our galaxies, with gas self-gravity perhaps playing a weaker role in setting the 150 pc scale distribution of gas densities. | 9 |
a treatment for dry eye syndrome . an at least partially sealed chamber including a reservoir for moisture for surrounding the eyes is disclosed . the invention may be transparent for use during the day or in association with prescription or non - prescription lenses . the moisture chamber may also be opaque to act as a blackout mask for sleeping . | 0 |
a method and apparatus are disclosed for scanning documents using a contact image scanner . the imaging apparatus comprises a light source for illuminating the document , a plurality of pixel sensors for generating a signal in response to light incident thereon , a lens for focusing light from the light source reflected from the document onto the plurality of pixel sensors , a color matrix filter disposed between the pixel sensors and the light reflected from the document , and a circuit for processing the signal from the plurality of pixel sensors to generate the digital image of the document . the method comprises the steps of providing a plurality of pixel sensors for generating a signal in response to light incident thereon , projecting light from a light source onto the document in a sequential fashion along the length dimension thereof , reflecting the light projected onto the document onto the plurality of pixel sensors , filtering the light from the light source with a color matrix filter , and processing the signal from the plurality of pixel sensors to generate the digital image of the document . | 7 |
Code for the paper "Recovery of sparse urban greenhouse gas emissions" | 9 |
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