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method and apparatus for repairing an article , such as an air - cooled component , during which at least a portion of the component must be removed and replaced . the method and apparatus make use of one or more workpiece holders adapted to secure and position an component on the apparatus , a multi - axis head adapted for movement relative to the workpiece holder , a nozzle mounted to the multi - axis head and operable to remove at least a portion of the component with a jet of fluid discharged therefrom , an electrical - discharge electrode mounted to the multi - axis head and operable to form surface holes in the component by electrical - discharge machining , and a system for controlling the movement of the multi - axis head so that the waterjet and electrical - discharge machining operations are performed to yield a repaired component that closely duplicates the original . | 8 |
the invention concerns a method for compensating the non - linearity of a sigma - delta analog - to - digital converter with quantization at n levels comprising a digital - to - analog converter . the method comprises a calibrating step which consists in transforming the multibit sigma - delta analog - to - digital converter into a sigma - delta analog - to - digital converter with quantization at three levels , then at two levels . the correction values of each level to be corrected are accurately measured . the method also comprises a normal functioning phase which consists , when the sigma - delta an analog - to - digital converter is operating with quantization at n levels , in producing an instantaneous correction of errors of the analog - to - digital converter using said correction values . | 7 |
in moving conveyors or treadmills with variable inclination , there is provided an apparatus for controlling the conveyor speeds , which apparatus comprises a brake band with the aid of which the circumference of a friction disk fixed for rotation with a driven shaft can be acted upon . with the aid of the control apparatus the moving conveyor is the more strongly braked the higher the inclination is that has been chosen for the moving conveyor so as to guarantee that the predetermined conveyor speed is always observed during operation . | 0 |
the present invention provides methods for reducing apoptosis of non - cancerous cells during a cancer treatment and beneficial effects associated with reducing such apoptosis . in particular , methods of the invention comprise administering a tyrosine kinase inhibitor to a cancer patient who is undergoing cancer treatment in order to reduce apoptosis of non - cancerous cells . | 0 |
Infrared dark clouds (IRDCs) are very dense and highly extincted regions that host the initial conditions of star and stellar cluster formation. It is crucial to study the kinematics and molecular content of IRDCs to test their formation mechanism and ultimately characterize these initial conditions. We have obtained high-sensitivity Silicon Monoxide, SiO(2-1), emission maps towards the six IRDCs, G018.82-00.28, G019.27+00.07, G028.53-00.25, G028.67+00.13, G038.95-00.47, and G053.11+00.05 (cloud A, B, D, E, I, and J, respectively), using the 30-m antenna at the Instituto de Radioastronomía Millimétrica (IRAM30m). We have investigated the SiO spatial distribution and kinematic structure across the six clouds to look for signatures of cloud-cloud collision events that may have formed the IRDCs and triggered star formation within them. Towards clouds A, B, D, I, and J, we detect spatially compact SiO emission with broad-line profiles that are spatially coincident with massive cores. Towards the IRDCs A and I, we report an additional SiO component that shows narrow-line profiles and that is widespread across quiescent regions. Finally, we do not detect any significant SiO emission towards cloud E. We suggest that the broad and compact SiO emission detected towards the clouds is likely associated with ongoing star formation activity within the IRDCs. However, the additional narrow and widespread SiO emission detected towards cloud A and I may have originated from the collision between the IRDCs and flows of molecular gas pushed towards the clouds by nearby H II regions. | 9 |
a process is described for the isolation of 4 , 4 &# 39 ;- diaminodiphenylmethane in substantially pure form from admixtures thereof with the corresponding 2 , 4 &# 39 ;- isomer and 2 , 2 &# 39 ;- isomer . the isomeric mixture of diamines is heated , optionally in the presence of an inert organic solvent , with at least two equivalents , per mole of said diamine mixture , of a phenol or bisalkylidenephenol . the 4 , 4 &# 39 ;- diaminodiphenylmethane forms a complex with said phenol and the 4 , 4 &# 39 ;- isomer of the diamine is isolated therefrom in substantially pure form by treatment with alkali or by heating to dissociate . the isomeric mixture of diamines used as starting material can be employed in the form of a mixture of polymethylene polyphenyl polyamines containing a major portion of said diamines . | 2 |
to vigorously test synchronization logic and protocols in a digital circuit design , a synchronization logic model uses randomization to emulate the uncertainty in synchronization clock delay time exhibited in actual circuits . the synchronization logic model is inserted into a software description of the design so that simulation will reveal faulty assumptions in the synchronization protocol . additionally , where a non - synchronized signal crosses from one clock domain to another clock domain in an asynchronous digital design , a transition on the non - synchronized signal triggers an “ x ” value window on the signal for a selected period relative to the receiving clock period , so that simulation will fail if the receiving logic samples the signal value during the “ x ” value window . these techniques aid in effective testing of the design . | 6 |
a method of controlling the temperature of air inside two compartments of a refrigerator or similar appliance utilizing a single temperature sensor and the known air temperature external of the appliance . based on knowledge of the temperature relationship between both compartments , the appliance performance is optimized based on outside temperatures . as a result of this process , the compartment without a sensor functions with increased temperature control accuracy . | 8 |
a method of generating halftone print data for overlapping end portions of a pair of consecutive printhead chips includes the step of generating continuous tone print data for an array of the printhead chips . an initial dither matrix to be applied to the continuous tone print data is generated . overlap data representing an extent of overlap of the end portions is generated . the overlap data is applied to the initial dither matrix with a summation means to generate an output value . the output value is applied to the continuous tone print data . | 1 |
a spreadable , flowable and greaseless cosmetic coverup composition which includes a relatively large amount of pigment and a mixture of two alkoxylated surfactants . | 8 |
an equipment recovery system receives data relating to leased property and associated lease accounts . the system provides lessees with interactive messages that enable them to make payments or payment commitments . lessees may also make arrangements to return the property or surrender them to retrieval agents . messages may be left for lessees , enabling them to contact the system or a call center to remedy delinquent payments or arrange return of the property . the system sends interactive messages to agents of lessors enabling them to : check delinquency or payment status ; accept payments ; make arrangements for the retrieval of the property ; or report the outcome of a retrieval attempt . contact between the system and either the lessee or the agent may be recorded and data received may be stored and reported . | 6 |
an apparatus for packaging articles in deaerated condition . a belt - like film is tubulated to enclose a plurality of articles transported in a longitudinally aligned fashion . the articles and the film are transported together in integral relation while the air in the tubular film is evacuated by a pipe nozzle inserted in the film tube . the pipe nozzle is connected to a vacuum source via a connecting pipe . usually , the interior of the tubular film is kept in a suitable negative pressure condition by suction through a tube bypassing a normally closed valve disposed on the connecting pipe . the valve is impulsively opened immediately before seal bars press the film from opposite sides so that the air in the film is instantly discharged . | 1 |
disclosed are a holographic memory medium for use in a holographic memory system , which can prevent generation of stray light of a gating beam at the time of recording information , and a recording apparatus which uses this memory medium . this memory medium records an information signal carried by a signal beam as a coherent reference beam and the signal beam enter the memory medium with a gating beam being present . the memory medium has at least a first surface and a second surface parallel to each other and comprises an antireflection coat , formed on the first surface , for preventing reflection of the gating beam . the recording apparatus records an information signal using a holographic memory medium and comprises a light absorbing member of absorbing the gating beam coming through the memory medium . | 6 |
By studying the normalized cumulative radial distribution (nCRD) of the stars in the central region of a Monte Carlo-simulated globular cluster, we recently defined three parameters able to pinpoint the stage of internal dynamical evolution reached by the system: A <SUB>5</SUB> (i.e., the area subtended by the nCRD within 5% of the half-mass radius, r <SUB> h </SUB>), P <SUB>5</SUB> (the value of the nCRD at 5% r <SUB> h </SUB>), and S <SUB>2.5</SUB> (the slope of the nCRD at 2.5% r <SUB> h </SUB>). Here we extend the analysis and explore the effects that different fractions (0%, 10%, and 20%) of primordial binaries and stellar mass black holes (BHs) induce on the dynamical history of the system. As expected, the gradual contraction of the cluster becomes milder and core collapse shallower for an increasing binary fraction. Nevertheless, the cluster dynamical evolution is still properly traced by the three parameters. For models with a larger initial retention of stellar mass BHs, the evolution depends on the timescale of their subsequent dynamical ejection. An early dynamical ejection of BHs results in a long-term evolution of the three parameters similar to that found in systems without initial BH retention. Conversely, in the model that retains a large number of BHs for an extended time (slow dynamical ejection of BHs), the system is characterized by a less concentrated structure and by the lack of significant temporal evolution of the three parameters. The lower values of the three parameters found in this case might be used to indirectly infer the possible presence of BHs in the cluster. | 9 |
high sulfur crude oil is desulfurized by a low temperature chlorinolysis at ambient pressure in the absence of organic solvent or diluent but in the presence of water followed by a water and caustic wash to remove sulfur and chlorine containing reaction products . the process can be practiced at the well site for the recovery of desulfurized oil used to generate steam for injection into the well for enhanced oil recovery . | 4 |
a method of polling in a wireless communications system includes prohibiting polling within a first predetermined period and triggering a poll function while polling is prohibited . after the first predetermined period has expired the method determines that there are no protocol data units scheduled for transmission or re - transmission and that there is at least a transmitted pdu that is not acknowledged yet , and selects a pdu to schedule for re - transmission to fulfill the poll function . | 7 |
Core package to analyze gravitational-wave data, find signals, and study their parameters. This package was used in the first direct detection of gravitational waves (GW150914), and is used in the ongoing analysis of LIGO/Virgo data. | 9 |
the invention provides a method of and a device for reducing pucker between layers of sheet material during a sewing process wherein an upper layer and a lower layer of material are fed to a stitch formation zone by means of a reciprocating lower feed - dog which engages the lower layer of the material and a first presser foot which overlies the feed - dog and urges the layers of material towards the feed - dog ; comprises the steps of tensioning the lower layer of material relative to the upper layer of material in the zone which precedes the stitch formation zone . | 3 |
We developed a new approach to provide accurate estimates of the metal content, reddening, and true distance modulus of RR Lyrae stars (RRLs). The method is based on homogeneous optical (BVI) and near-infrared (JHK) mean magnitudes and on predicted period-luminosity-metallicity relations (IJHK) and absolute mean magnitude-metallicity relations (BV). We obtained solutions for three different RRL samples in ω Cen: first overtone (RRc, 90), fundamental (RRab, 80), and global (RRc+RRab) in which the period of first overtones were fundamentalized. The metallicity distribution shows a well defined peak at [Fe/H]∼-1.98 and a standard deviation of σ = 0.54 dex. The spread is, as expected, metal-poor ([Fe/H] ≤ -2.3) objects. The current metallicity distribution is ∼0.3 dex more metal-poor than similar estimates for RRLs available in the literature. The difference vanishes if the true distance modulus we estimated is offset by -0.06/-0.07 mag in true distance modulus. We also found a cluster true distance modulus of μ = 13.720 ± 0.002 ± 0.030 mag, where the former error is the error on the mean and the latter is the standard deviation. Moreover, we found a cluster reddening of E(B - V) = 0.132 ± 0.002 ± 0.028 mag and spatial variations of the order of a few arcmin across the body of the cluster. Both the true distance modulus and the reddening are slightly larger than similar estimates available in the literature, but the difference is within 1σ. The metallicity dependence of distance diagnostics agrees with theory and observations, but firm constraints require accurate and homogeneous spectroscopic measurements. | 9 |
a semiconductor laser having a single transverse mode operation . optical power higher than that generated by conventional pump lasers is achieved by widening the gain medium without inducing the second transverse mode . this is accomplished by providing a small refractive index difference between active and blocking regions of the laser . the refractive index difference between the laser active region material and the laser blocking region material at the fundamental frequency is less than about 0 . 029 . | 7 |
a hydraulic power system is used in a river , ocean or any other body of water having a current . the method is useful for generating useful electric power from flowing water . the flowing water rotates a turbine and a pump that provides hydraulic power to an electric generator for a clean , renewable energy source . the hydraulic power system tethered to the bottom of a body of water and a positive buoyancy mechanism can be integrated or tethered to the pump assembly . the positive buoyancy can support the pump assembly at a predetermined distance above the sea floor . | 8 |
a method of producing a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbons is disclosed . the method employs carbon containing material , water and a reaction chamber in a hot subterranean formation . the method steps include : forming an aqueous slurry containing said material in divided , flowable form , passing the slurry into said subterranean formation for chemical interaction of said material at said elevated temperature to form said hydrocarbon , and recovering said hydrocarbon . | 8 |
the press device for a paper web , such as a calender , contains a flexible moving element forming an endless structure , said element forming the shell of a roll , the press device including further a counter roll . inside the moving element there is a shoe element that is arranged to support the shell against the counter roll to form a nip . the width and / or the surface contour of the supporting surface of the shoe element guiding the shell of the roll in the nip contact varies in the machine direction and the shoe element is positionable in the machine direction to adjust the nip width and / or length . | 6 |
a system for producing a decoy to enable a target to avoid a homing torpedo that uses a sonar ping signal for homing in on the target comprises a transducer that operates in a receive mode in which it receives sonar signals and produces corresponding electrical signals and in a transmit mode in which it emits a sonar return pulse . a digital signal processor connected to the transducer is arranged to analyze the electrical signals corresponding to sonar signals received by the transducer and to determine whether they were emitted by the homing torpedo . the digital signal . processor is further arranged to switch the transducer to the transmit mode in response to receipt of a sonar ping signal from the homing torpedo and to cause the transducer to transmit a return pulse that acts as a decoy signal to the homing torpedo . | 6 |
a substantially isotropic illumination source utilizes a generally spherical , translucent diffuser . the spherical diffuser has an inner wall and a diffusive outer wall . light is communicated inwardly to the sphere along a first hemisphere . light is diffused and homogenized by internal reflection within the sphere and communicated outwardly through a complimentary hemisphere . this light , upon being diffused by the external or outer wall is substantially isotropic . the isotropic light so generated is utilized for video inspection of translucent specimens with improved contrast to facilitate detection of flaws therein . another aspect utilizes a specimen itself as the isotropic diffuser . | 6 |
We explore terrestrial planet formation with a focus on the supply of solid-state organics as the main source of volatile carbon. For the water-poor Earth, the water ice line, or ice sublimation front, within the planet-forming disk has long been a key focal point. We posit that the soot line, the location where solid-state organics are irreversibly destroyed, is also a key location within the disk. The soot line is closer to the host star than the water snow line and overlaps with the location of the majority of detected exoplanets. In this work, we explore the ultimate atmospheric composition of a body that receives a major portion of its materials from the zone between the soot line and water ice line. We model a silicate-rich world with 0.1% and 1% carbon by mass with variable water content. We show that as a result of geochemical equilibrium, the mantle of these planets would be rich in reduced carbon but have relatively low water (hydrogen) content. Outgassing would naturally yield the ingredients for haze production when exposed to stellar UV photons in the upper atmosphere. Obscuring atmospheric hazes appear common in the exoplanetary inventory based on the presence of often featureless transmission spectra. Such hazes may be powered by the high volatile content of the underlying silicate-dominated mantle. Although this type of planet has no solar system counterpart, it should be common in the galaxy with potential impact on habitability. | 9 |
a method and apparatus for separating pieces of sawn timber from bundles coming out of a sawing machine . the bundles , when emerging longitudinally from the sawing machine , are transferred in their transverse direction individually and sequentially to at least one unloading station and the bundles are unloaded from beneath , i . e ., from the lowermost one of the pieces , using gripping members sequentially passing through the unloading station and engaging with the lowermost piece of timber . the separated pieces of sawn timber unloaded from the bundles are transported at regular intervals onwards . | 1 |
an improved apparatus forms three - dimensional objects in layers by modulating irradiation of liquid photopolymers , either stepwise by alternating photopolymer deposition and irradiation , or continuously by simultaneous deposition and irradiation . photopolymer is deposited onto open , unfenced and uncontained , substrate and is contained by a photopolymer wall formed around the object simultaneously with it by supplemental irradiation , for providing to irradiated layer unobstructed access critical to apparatus simplification , automation , fabrication time and to feasibility of continuous forming . to decrease drastically fabrication time , whole layer is irradiated simultaneously using masks photoplotted on a roll of film or a matrix of miniature individually controlled components tightly packed similar to liquid - crystal displays , with shrinkage distortion minimized by constraining the irradiated photopolymer surface and / or by solidifying infinitely thin surfaces in continuous mode . | 1 |
the present invention provides systems and methods for attenuating the effect of ambient light on optical sensors and for measuring and compensating quantitatively for the ambient light . | 7 |
an individual configuration contains at least a first structure and a second structure , which are aligned with respect to each other . a position sensing device that senses a relative position of the first structure with respect to the second structure , in order to establish that a manipulation has been performed on the configuration , is provided . | 1 |
the present invention aims at expanding an operation range for allowing a compression ignition combustion operation . the present invention provides an internal combustion engine of a compression ignition type that is capable of operating with a compression ignition combustion scheme in a given operation range . the ecu of the internal combustion engine detects an operating condition of the internal combustion engine and determines , according to the detected operating condition , which mode is to be used operate the internal combustion engine , a 4 - cycle compression ignition mode or a 2 - cycle compression ignition mode . the ecu controls the internal compression engine to perform the compression ignition mode determined . according to the present invention , the compression ignition combustion operation is switched from 4 - cycle to 2 - cycle when the operating condition of the internal combustion engine is in such state that the 4 - cycle compression ignition mode cannot be performed , fro example , when the exhaust temperature is low . | 5 |
the invention provides a display apparatus and a method for manufacturing the same , relates to the field of display technology , and solves the problem of low display luminance due to the existing display apparatus being affected by other film layers . a display apparatus comprises a light emitting unit and further comprises several layers of thin film located in the light emission path of the light emitting unit , and at least one of the several layers of thin film has nanoparticles . | 7 |
an improved drive unit for a food processor of the type wherein the drive unit is enclosed in a base housing and has a vertically extending spindle which extends into a processing bowl and carries rotary tools thereon . the drive unit comprises a horizontally mounted universal motor carrying a pinion gear at the end of its shaft . a ring gear meshes with the pinion and encircles the motor on a concavo - convex support structure . the support structure is coupled to the vertical spindle . included in the drive unit are a novel three point shock mounting for the motor and an automatic brake to prevent coasting of the tool after the motor is deenergized . in a further embodiment of the drive unit the motor and the concavo - convex ring gear are held in a motor mount which is vibrationally isolated from the base housing for providing quieter operation . this mount arches up over the dome of the ring gear which in turn arches up over the motor . a lockable adjustment is provided in the motor mount for adjusting the engagement between the pinion gear and ring gear , and another form of automatic brake is shown . | 0 |
The role of magnetic fields in galaxy evolution is still an unsolved question in astrophysics. We have previously shown that magnetic fields play a crucial role in major mergers between disc galaxies; in hydrodynamic simulations of such mergers, the Auriga model produces compact remnants with a distinctive bar and ring morphology. In contrast, in magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations, remnants form radially extended discs with prominent spiral arm structure. In this paper, we analyse a series of cosmological 'zoom-in' simulations of major mergers and identify exactly how magnetic fields are able to alter the outcome of the merger. We find that magnetic fields modify the transport of angular momentum, systematically hastening the merger progress. The impact of this altered transport depends on the orientation of the field, with a predominantly non-azimuthal (azimuthal) orientation increasing the central baryonic concentration (providing support against collapse). Both effects act to suppress an otherwise existent bar-instability, which in turn leads to a fundamentally different morphology and manifestation of feedback. We note, in particular, that stellar feedback is substantially less influential in MHD simulations, which allows for the later accretion of higher angular momentum gas and the subsequent rapid radial growth of the remnant disc. A corollary of the increased baryonic concentration in MHD simulations is that black holes are able to grow twice as large, although this turns out to have little impact on the remnant's development. Our results show that galaxy evolution cannot be modelled correctly without including magnetic fields. | 9 |
Clouds play an important role in the atmospheres of planetary bodies. It is expected that, like all the planetary bodies in our solar system, exoplanet atmospheres will also have substantial cloud coverage, and evidence is mounting for clouds in a number of hot Jupiters. To better characterise planetary atmospheres, we need to consider the effects these clouds will have on the observed broadband transmission spectra. Here we examine the expected cloud condensate species for hot Jupiter exoplanets and the effects of various grain sizes and distributions on the resulting transmission spectra from the optical to infrared, which can be used as a broad framework when interpreting exoplanet spectra. We note that significant infrared absorption features appear in the computed transmission spectrum, the result of vibrational modes between the key species in each condensate, which can potentially be very constraining. While it may be hard to differentiate between individual condensates in the broad transmission spectra, it may be possible to discern different vibrational bonds, which can distinguish between cloud formation scenarios, such as condensate clouds or photochemically generated species. Vibrational mode features are shown to be prominent when the clouds are composed of small sub-micron sized particles and can be associated with an accompanying optical scattering slope. These infrared features have potential implications for future exoplanetary atmosphere studies conducted with JWST, where such vibrational modes distinguishing condensate species can be probed at longer wavelengths. | 9 |
a mower has a collecting box with the dual functions of collecting mown grass and distributing grass or other material over the ground . thus the box has an outlet opening which is closed or obstructed during grass collection . it may be an elongate opening which is obstructed by an elongate brush or paddle member which is rotatable when it is desired to discharge material . the box may have a mechanism such as a belt or other conveyor for conveying material to the opening . | 0 |
a portable commode with spring assisted lifting seat has a lightweight self - supporting stand , a seat hinged to the frame and a pair of pneumatic springs for lifting the seat to an elevated position . the springs yield under the body weight of the user to depress the seat to a lowered position . the springs can be easily set at different positions on the seat to adjust for users of different body weights . a removable waste receptacle on the frame permits the commode to be used by itself , as at a bedside location , or over a conventional toilet bowl installation . | 0 |
methods and apparatuses of determining the ph of a sample . a method can comprise determining an infrared spectrum of the sample , and determining the hemoglobin concentration of the sample . the hemoglobin concentration and the infrared spectrum can then be used to determine the ph of the sample . in some embodiments , the hemoglobin concentration can be used to select an model relating infrared spectra to ph that is applicable at the determined hemoglobin concentration . in other embodiments , a model relating hemoglobin concentration and infrared spectra to ph can be used . an apparatus according to the present invention can comprise an illumination system , adapted to supply radiation to a sample ; a collection system , adapted to collect radiation expressed from the sample responsive to the incident radiation ; and an analysis system , adapted to relate information about the incident radiation , the expressed radiation , and the hemoglobin concentration of the sample to ph . | 6 |
this patent describes technology for generating ammonia from urea . the method is based on the hydrolysis of an aqueous solution of urea and / or biuret by heating under pressure to form a mixture of ammonia , carbon dioxide and water . the gas mixtures produced are useful for supplying ammonia at controlled pressure and rate of flow for many industrial applications without the risks and hazards associated with the transportation and on - site storage of ammonia , thereby providing a significant safety advantage over present industrial practice . | 2 |
a carbon dioxide absorber for a rebreathing system can be connected to a connection head of the rebreathing system in a simple manner . a centering device , provided in the area of a guide plate of the absorber , can be caused to mesh with centering pins pointing in the direction of the absorber from the connection head . | 1 |
a light source for an endoscope is disclosed for illuminating a subject , the image from the subject being received through a leading end of the endoscope , and being projected by an objective lens onto a solid state imaging device . light from a light source lamp is projected onto the subject sequentially with the light transmitted through three color transmitting filters . a reflector is provided to reflect light from the light source lamp in a parallel light beam . a convex lens system for converging the parallel light from the reflector . light from said source lamp is transmitted through a light guide to the subject . a first and second lens systems are positioned between the input end of the light guide and the convex lens system for converging the light onto the input end of the light guide . the light guide is disposed within an insert member of said endoscope . the lens systems reduce the sectional area of the light beam and restrict the included angle of the light beam . a rotary color filter is provided in said light beam and includes interference filters having high heat resistance for passing light of only a specific wavelength , to provide different colors of illuminating light to the subject . | 0 |
Interstellar polarization at optical-to-infrared wavelengths is known to arise from asymmetric dust grains aligned with the magnetic field. This effect provides a potentially powerful probe of magnetic field structure and strength if the details of the grain alignment can be reliably understood. Theory and observations have recently converged on a quantitative, predictive description of interstellar grain alignment based on radiative processes. The development of a general, analytical model for this radiative alignment torque (RAT) theory has allowed specific, testable predictions for realistic interstellar conditions. We outline the theoretical and observational arguments in favor of RAT alignment, as well as reasons the "classical" paramagnetic alignment mechanism is unlikely to work, except possibly for the very smallest grains. With further detailed characterization of the RAT mechanism, grain alignment and polarimetry promise to not only better constrain the interstellar magnetic field but also provide new information on the dust characteristics. | 9 |
a cam shaft has a tubular part extending longitudinally along an axis and a helical body fixed in the tubular part and having a first helical passage extending between an inlet end where a first pressure is present and an outlet end where a second pressure is present . this helical body forms an oil separator between the inlet and outlet ends . a flow - blocking element at the inlet end moves as a function of a pressure differential between the first and second pressures to open and close the first helical passage . | 5 |
a nuclear reactor coolant pump impeller / shaft assembly , including an impeller nut with a plurality of conduits formed therein in fluid communication with both ends of a passageway formed in the impeller nut in contact with a portion of the shaft , the fluid inlet and fluid outlet of the pump . due to this conduit / passageway combination , coolant is effectively pumped into the passageway to heat the shaft to a temperature approximately equal to that of the impeller , thus creating thermal balance of the pump &# 39 ; s component parts and providing improved pump efficiency . | 5 |
radio transceivers are provided with a timing circuit that ends or terminates a radio transmission after a first time period , and an audible indication signals the end of the first time period . a battery voltage sensor reduces the period of the timing circuit in response to low battery voltage . shorter period transmissions are still permitted for emergencies , and an audible indication is provided after the short time period to indicate low battery voltage . | 6 |
according to one aspect of the present disclosure , a method and technique for manufacturing a stent are disclosed . the stent is a non - metallic stent having a furled small - diameter state and an expanded large - diameter state where the stent , in the furled small - diameter state , includes a plurality of central lobes arranged at spaced - apart intervals and extending longitudinally defining a stent axis , the plurality of central lobes defining a cylindrical plane of the stent . the stent also includes at least one peripheral lobe formed on at least one of the plurality of central lobes , the peripheral lobe oriented along the cylindrical plane . | 0 |
an audible warning system which reduces the number of land vehicle traffic accidents where there are already traffic control devices installed such as at stop signs , intersection control lights and on vehicles in conjunction with side lights , tail lights and brake lights . the accident reduction results from the monitoring of approaching traffic with a radar - type range sensing system . sound generators , based on parametric - array technology , permit the focusing of sound into waves of a few degrees width and aiming them at a particular vehicle or pedestrian located at a particular range from the sound projector . | 6 |
the invention relates to an envelope having a transparent layer , allowing printed information on the letter paper in the envelope to appear through the envelope . the inner surface of the transparent layer is laminated with a transparent , thermal adhering synthetic resin film to bind the transparent layer to a second layer along their periphery . | 1 |
HATS-18 b is a transiting planet with a large mass and a short orbital period, and is one of the best candidates for the detection of orbital decay induced by tidal effects. We present extensive photometry of HATS-18 from which we measure 27 times of mid-transit. Two further transit times were measured from data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) and three more taken from the literature. The transit timings were fitted with linear and quadratic ephemerides and an upper limit on orbital decay was determined. This corresponds to a lower limit on the modified stellar tidal quality factor of $Q_\star ^{\, \prime } \gt 10^{5.11 \pm 0.04}$. This is at the cusp of constraining the presence of enhanced tidal dissipation due to internal gravity waves. We also refine the measured physical properties of the HATS-18 system, place upper limits on the masses of third bodies, and compare the relative performance of TESS and the 1.54 m Danish Telescope in measuring transit times for this system. | 9 |
The high-resolution, dual channel, visible and near-infrared spectrograph CARMENES offers exciting opportunities for stellar and exoplanetary research on M dwarfs. In this work we address the challenge of reaching the highest radial velocity precision possible with a complex, actively cooled, cryogenic instrument, such as the near-infrared channel. We describe the performance of the instrument and the work flow used to derive precise Doppler measurements from the spectra. The capability of both CARMENES channels to detect small exoplanets is demonstrated with the example of the nearby M5.0 V star CD Cet (GJ 1057), around which we announce a super-Earth (4.0 ± 0.4 M<SUB>⊕</SUB>) companion on a 2.29 d orbit. <P />Based on observations collected at the Centro Astronómico Hispano Alemán (CAHA) at Calar Alto, Almería, Spain, operated jointly by the Junta de Andalucía and the Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (CSIC). <P />Based on observations collected at the European Southern Observatory, Paranal, Chile, under program 0103.C-0152(A), and La Silla, Chile, under programs 072.C-0488(E) and 183.C-0437(A). | 9 |
a vending arrangement for computerized vending machines , retail displays , automated retail stores , utilizes a centralized , robotic gantry associated with companion modules for vending a plurality of selectable products . the modularized design enables deployment of half - sized or larger , full sized machines . the robotic gantry is deployed in a centralized module disposed adjacent display and inventory modules . inventory modules can be fitted to both gantry sides , and doors can be fitted to the gantry front or rear . the gantry comprises an internal , vertically displaceable elevator utilizing a central conveyor for laterally , horizontally moving selected items from associated display and inventory positions to a vending position . computerized software enables the display and vending functions , and controls elevator movement to dispense products from twin sides of the gantry by appropriately controlling the conveyor . | 6 |
compounds useful in treating hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis having the formula ## str1 ## wherein x is oxygen or sulfur , het is a monocyclic heterocyclic group having three hetero atoms selected from nitrogen , oxygen and sulfur , and r 1 , r 2 and r 3 are hydrogen , flourine , chlorine , bromine , a straight or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms , a straight or branched alkoxy group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms , substituted or unsubstituted benzoyl , substituted or unsubstituted benzoyl , substituted or unsubstituted phenyl , amino or substituted amino or a carboxy group . | 2 |
Context. Weak lensing mass-mapping is a useful tool for accessing the full distribution of dark matter on the sky, but because of intrinsic galaxy ellipticies, finite fields, and missing data, the recovery of dark matter maps constitutes a challenging, ill-posed inverse problem <BR /> Aims: We introduce a novel methodology that enables the efficient sampling of the high-dimensional Bayesian posterior of the weak lensing mass-mapping problem, relying on simulations to define a fully non-Gaussian prior. We aim to demonstrate the accuracy of the method to simulated fields, and then proceed to apply it to the mass reconstruction of the HST/ACS COSMOS field. <BR /> Methods: The proposed methodology combines elements of Bayesian statistics, analytic theory, and a recent class of deep generative models based on neural score matching. This approach allows us to make full use of analytic cosmological theory to constrain the 2pt statistics of the solution, to understand any differences between this analytic prior and full simulations from cosmological simulations, and to obtain samples from the full Bayesian posterior of the problem for robust uncertainty quantification. <BR /> Results: We demonstrate the method in the κTNG simulations and find that the posterior mean significantly outperfoms previous methods (Kaiser-Squires, Wiener filter, Sparsity priors) both for the root-mean-square error and in terms of the Pearson correlation. We further illustrate the interpretability of the recovered posterior by establishing a close correlation between posterior convergence values and the S/N of the clusters artificially introduced into a field. Finally, we apply the method to the reconstruction of the HST/ACS COSMOS field, which yields the highest-quality convergence map of this field to date. <BR /> Conclusions: We find the proposed approach to be superior to previous algorithms, scalable, providing uncertainties, and using a fully non-Gaussian prior. <P />All codes and data products associated with this paper are available at <A href="https://github.com/CosmoStat/jax-lensing">https://github.com/CosmoStat/jax-lensing</A>. | 9 |
a process for the production of an olefin from a hydrocarbon , which process comprises : partially combusting the hydrocarbon and an oxygen - containing gas in the presence of a catalyst , characterised in that the catalyst comprises platinum and at least one further metal , said further metal being a group iiia , group iva , va or a transition metal ; wherein said catalyst is : a ) not a platinum catalyst consisting essentially of platinum modified with sn , cu or mixtures thereof , and b ) not a platinum catalyst consisting essentially of platinum modified with sb or a mixture of sb and sn . | 2 |
Context. The double cluster NGC 1850 in the Large Magellanic Cloud is the nearest young massive cluster of the Local Group with a mass similar to those of Galactic globular clusters. Recent studies have revealed an extended morphology of its main-sequence turn-off (MSTO), which can be interpreted as a spread in either age or internal rotation. In spite of its proximity, an accurate spectroscopic determination of its chemical properties is still missing. <BR /> Aims: We aim to investigate the general chemistry and the kinematics of this stellar system to test whether possible signs of multiple populations are observable in this cluster. <BR /> Methods: We analysed the spectra obtained with MUSE in adaptive optics mode of 1167 stars in both components of this cluster (NGC 1850A and NGC 1850B). Thanks to this data set, we were able to measure accurate global metallicities, Ba abundances, and radial velocities for a sample of 38 red supergiants and a guess of the oxygen abundance in the brightest turn-off stars belonging to NGC 1850A. <BR /> Results: We find an average metallicity of ⟨[M/H]⟩ = −0.31 ± 0.01, a mean Ba abundance of ⟨[Ba/Fe]⟩ = +0.40 ± 0.02, and a systemic radial velocity of ⟨v<SUB>LOS</SUB>⟩ = 251.1 ± 0.3 km s<SUP>−1</SUP>. The dispersion of the radial velocities suggests a dynamical mass of log(M/M<SUB>⊙</SUB>) = 4.84 ± 0.1, while no significant systemic rotation is detected. We detect a significant bimodality in O I line strength among the turn-off stars of NGC 1850A with ∼66% of stars with [O/Fe]∼ − 0.16 and the rest with no detectable line. The majority of O-weak stars preferentially populate the red side of the MSTO and show H lines in emission, suggesting that they are Be stars rotating close to their critical velocity. Among normal MSTO stars, red stars have broader line profiles than blue ones, on average, suggesting a correlation between colour and rotational velocity. <BR /> Conclusions: The mean metallicity of this cluster lies at the metal-rich side of the metallicity distribution of the Large Magellanic Cloud following its age-metallicity relation. The Ba and O abundances agree with those measured in the bar of this galaxy. The correlation between line broadening and colour suggests that the observed colour spread among turn-off stars can be due to a wide range in rotational velocity covered by these stars. <P />Based on observations collected at ESO telescopes under the observing programme 0102.D-0268(A). | 9 |
a vehicle suspension system including a mainspring connected to at least one axle of the vehicle , a hanger attached to the vehicle frame for retaining the mainspring while permitting vertical travel thereof within a predetermined range , and an auxiliary spring . a spring force multiplication mechanism connects the auxiliary spring to the mainspring so that the force exerted by the auxiliary spring is multiplied and applied to the mainspring , urging the mainspring toward the lower end of its travel range . | 1 |
the invention provides methods for treating or inhibiting infection by clostridium difficile in a subject in need of such treatment , comprising administering an effective amount of a compound binding to a cd3299 riboswitch , as well as assays for identifying compounds useful in such treatment , and the use of particular compounds in such treatment . | 0 |
an improved bean harvester comprising a frame attachable to a tractor , the frame having a transverse mounting shaft between the front and rear tractor wheels , and a plurality of cutting blades each pivotally mounted to the shaft and each having a presetting height adjustment and cutting angle adjustment and blade cleaning scraper , each cutter blade being independently hydraulically powered . | 0 |
the electromagnetic clutch comprises a rotor connected to a drive source , an inner hub connected to a device that follows , an outer plate provided on the outside of the inner hub so as to enclose it , an armature coupled to the outer plate and opposing the rotor , an elastic member provided between the inner hub and the outer plate and adhered thereto , and an electromagnetic coil for , when magnetized , attracting the armature together with the outer plate to make them come into contact with the rotor , and when demagnetized , separating the outer plate and the armature from the rotor . because of the configuration in which the armature and the outer plate are coupled in a heat - transmissible manner , a part of elastic member is formed so that heat is transmitted from at least a part of the armature to the part of the elastic member as if they are one piece . | 5 |
sympathetic nerves run through the adventitia surrounding renal arteries and are critical in the modulation of systemic hypertension . hyperactivity of these nerves can cause renal hypertension , a disease prevalent in 30 - 40 % of the adult population . hypertension can be treated with neuromodulating agents , but requires adherence to strict regimens and often does not reach target blood pressure threshold to reduce risk of major cardiovascular events . a minimally invasive solution is presented here to reduce the activity of the sympathetic nerves surrounding the renal artery by locally delivering neurotoxic or sympathetic nerve - blocking agents into the adventitia . extended elution of these agents may also be accomplished in order to tailor the therapy to the patient . | 0 |
the invention relates to an oscillating piston engine comprising a housing that contains a first and at least a second piston , both of which can rotate about a fixed rotational axis in the housing and which when rotating about said axis execute counter - rotating displacements back and forth about a pivoting axis that runs perpendicular to the rotational axis through the centre of the housing . a working chamber is situated between opposing end faces of the first and at least second piston . the housing is provided with at least one gas exchange opening for admitting or discharging a gas into or from the working chamber . the pistons are arranged in such a way that the rotational axis runs through the working chamber . the pistons are mounted to slide in a piston cage , which is located in the housing , is concentric with the rotational axis , and rotates together with the pistons about said axis . the gas exchange opening is arranged eccentrically in relation to the rotational axis , on one end face of the housing . | 5 |
The problem of how some disk galaxies avoid forming bars remains unsolved. Many galaxy models having reasonable properties continue to manifest vigorous instabilities that rapidly form strong bars and no widely accepted idea has yet been advanced to account for how some disk galaxies manage to avoid this instability. It is encouraging that not all galaxies formed in recent cosmological simulations possess bars, but the dynamical explanation for this result is unclear. The unstable mode that creates a bar is understood as a standing wave in a cavity that reflects off the disk center and the corotation radius, with amplification at corotation. Here we use simulations to address one further idea that may inhibit the feedback loop and therefore contribute to stability, which is to make the disk center dynamically hot and/or to taper away mass from the inner disk, which could be masked by a bulge. Unfortunately, we find that neither strategy makes much difference to the global stability of the disk in the models we have tried. While deep density cutouts do indeed prevent feedback through the center, they still reflect incoming waves and thereby provoke a slightly different instability that again leads to a strong bar. | 9 |
embodiments relate to a method , system and program product for performing data processing . the system includes a plurality of computer servers configured to perform data processing , a client in processing communication with the computer servers and enabled to request data processing from any of the servers and a storing component included in the client for storing information relating to requested data to be processed . a processing component included in each computer server for applying a control lock to data being processed . a reprocessing request component is included in the client for enabling a new server to take over processing of requested data upon failure of previously processing computer server . the computer server obtains information relating to requested data from storing component and information relating to control lock information from the processing component such that the new computer server commences processing at a processing point exactly prior to the failure . | 6 |
the present invention relates to a method for transfection of cells using at least one protein capable of forming nucleoprotein filaments , wherein the protein is initially modified with at least one functional component which influences one or more steps of the transfection , the nucleic acid to be transfected is then loaded with the modified protein , whereby the nucleic acid and the protein form a filament - like complex , and this complex is finally added to the cells to be transfected . the invention further relates to a transfection agent consisting of nucleoprotein filaments , with at least one nucleoprotein filament - forming protein being modified with at least one functional component for the transfection . furthermore , the present invention relates to the use of the transfection agent according to the invention for producing a drug for gene therapeutic treatment of humans and animals . the present inventions also includes corresponding pharmaceutical preparations , especially for use in gene therapy as well as the use of such transfection agents as component in kits . | 2 |
<BR /> Aims: The aim of this work is to compare the detailed chemical composition of the field N-rich dwarf stars to the second-generation stars of globular clusters (GCs) in order to investigate the hypothesis that they originated in GCs.<BR /> Methods: We measured the abundance of 23 elements (from Li to Eu) in a sample of six metal-poor N-rich stars (three of them pointed out for the first time), and we compared their chemical composition to (i) the chemical composition observed in a sample of classic metal-poor stars and (ii) the abundances observed in the second-generation stars of GCs.<BR /> Results: In metal-poor N-rich stars, C and O are slightly deficient, but the scatter of [(C+N+O)/Fe] is very small, a strong indication that the N enrichment is the result of pollution by CNO-processed material. The N-rich stars of our sample, similarly to the second-generation stars in the GCs, show an excess of Na and sometimes of Al, as expected if the material from which these stars were formed, has been polluted by the ejecta of massive asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars. For the first time, we have been able to establish an anti-correlation Na-O in field stars such as the one observed in NGC 6752. The N-rich star HD 74000 has a rather low [Eu/Ba] ratio for its metallicity. Such an anomaly is also observed in several second-generation stars of M 15.<BR /> Conclusions: This analysis supports the hypothesis that the N-rich stars observed today in the field were born as second-generation stars in GCs. <P />Based on observations collected at the European Organisation for Astronomical Research in the Southern Hemisphere (archives of programmes 090.B-0504(A) PI Chaname; 095.D-0504(A) PI Melendez; 076.B-0166(A) PI Pasquini; 067.D-0086(A) PI Gehren; 071.B-0529(A) PI Silva; 065.L-0507(A) PI Primas), and collected at the W. M. Keck Observatory, archive programme G401H, PI Melendez. One star was also observed at ESO with the spectrograph ESPRESSO, programme 107.22RU.001 PI Spite, and two stars were observed at the Observatoire de Haute-Provence (archives of programme 10A.PNPS.HALB, PI Halbwachs) and at the Narval spectrograph of the Observatoire du Pic du Midi, programme L172N04, PI Spite. | 9 |
the device of the invention comprises a clamp and a ring adapted to be screwed to a connector to form a stress relief removably attached to the rear of the connector . in accordance with the invention , the clamp has two parts : a rear part forming a receptacle and a front part which is open , having a &# 34 ; c &# 34 ; shape . the material of the clamp is a composite material having elastic properties . by compressing it , the branches of the &# 34 ; c &# 34 ; can be moved closer together and the clamp inserted in or removed from the ring . the clamp also includes pegs providing insertion abutments , preventing withdrawal of the ring . the clamp can be straight or angled . | 7 |
a method for reserving and playing digital television programs , a set top box , and a dtv playing system are provided in the embodiments of the present invention . the method provides for the generation of a prompt indicating the reservation of multiple dtv programs to be played concurrently at , or prior to , arrival of the time of playing the reserved dtv programs , and playing one dtv program that is selected from the multiple reserved dtv programs when the time of playing the reserved dtv program has arrived . | 7 |
a needle assembly with a needle holder , a needle sleeve movable over the needle holder , and an interlocking member . the needle sleeve encloses a needle holder and is manually extendable and retractable in a telescopic manner to enclose or expose respectively the distal sharp portion of a needle without the aid of a spring or spring - like device . in this assembly , the needle attached to a connector is embedded into the needle holder to prevent movement of the needle during use . temporary locking and release means are provided which are simple and inexpensive in design . | 0 |
the present invention relates to new stable enteric coated pharmaceutical dosage forms for oral use containing omeprazole or lansoprazole , to a formulation and a method for the manufacture of such a dosage forms , and to a method of gastric acid pump inhibition and providing gastrointestinal cytoprotective benefit by using them . | 0 |
a process for forming a releasable metal film includes depositing a metal onto a polymeric sheet such that the metal layer provides a low adhesive interface and exhibits relatively low stress . a barrier layer is then deposited onto the surface of the low adhesion interface . a thin film of a stress relief layer of silicon dioxide , aluminum oxide , copper or aluminum is then deposited followed by addition of a second barrier layer onto the stress relief layer . the stress relief layer provides compressive relief to balance the tensile stress of the so - stacked metal films . an additional solderable layer maybe added for soldering applications . to fabricate the working device with sputtering tools , an extremely high gas pressure is used to achieve low adhesion force between the wettable metallic layer and the polymeric carrier film . | 7 |
efficient reconstruction of a discrete signal in a range from subband coefficients of multirate analysis filtering translates the range into required input coefficient ranges and minimizes computation and memory access . | 6 |
chrome / copper / chrome conductor arrays deposited on glass plates are etched with an aqueous acidic composition which contains an acid and a thiourea compound . | 7 |
an electric key - operated switch adapted to be mounted on the exterior of a vehicle or structure to arm or disarm an alarm system . a key is to be rotated in a cylinder between two positions , each of which controls a separate circuit that is normally open when the contact rotor carried by the cylinder is not engaged with contacts connected to the respective circuit . the invention provides more positive electrical engagement and a novel structure for economically adjusting the limits of positions of the contact rotor so that the key may readily be inserted and removed . | 7 |
the present invention provides a laser system and laser handpiece and process for skin treatment . the system includes components for producing a continuous or pulse laser beam , and components for delivering a substance to the damaged region of skin . the system is designed to control and utilize the laser beam for damaging small volume of skin tissue and using a disposable tip to deliver a substance which is applied simultaneously or with some delay producing a combination of laser action with the action of named substance at the same time . | 0 |
a magneto - optical recording medium includes a magneto - optical layer , a reflection layer and an inorganic dielectric layer interposed therebetween . the dielectric layer is extremely thin so that it will exhibit almost no optical effect , thereby allowing a high cn ratio to be obtained . thermal conductivity of the dielectric layer is so low that the magneto - optical and reflection layers are thermally isolated from each other . that is , if refractive index of the dielectric layer is n , thickness of the dielectric layer is t , and the thermal conductivity of the dielectric layer is c - 1 ), then the thickness t is set within a range that satisfies the following equation : 5n - 4 ≦ t ≦. sup .- 0 . 4 where c ≦ 4j - 1 . | 6 |
a h - bridge circuit is disclosed using dmost switches having current sensing parallel connected elements . an op - amp control circuit is coupled to the power and sense sources to force the sense source to the same potential as the power source . the op - amp circuit drives fet output devices which produce an output current proportional to the h - bridge current . a high voltage op - amp configuration is set forth . | 7 |
a gimbaled mounting bracket apparatus for aligning an actuator with a receptacle is disclosed , having a mounting ring rotatable around a pair of gudgeons . a concentric rotation ring attached to the pair of gudgeons . the concentric ring is mounted to a base along a rotational axis orthogonal to the gudgeons . the mounting ring retains a shower actuator that is to be aligned with a piping apparatus . the shower actuator can be angularly adjusted relative to piping apparatus to produce a collinear relationship , but is free of any translational movement relative to said receptacle , so as to minimize stresses exerted on said actuator . | 5 |
germicidal properties are provided for colloidal lubricating gels without destruction of the physical properties of the colloidal gel by the incorporation therein of an iodophor within strict limits as to the quantities and relative quantities of the iodophor - former , the iodine and the gel - forming colloid . these germicidal colloidal lubricating gels remain stable and retain their germicidal effectiveness . as a result , these compositions can be used for the lubrication of catheters and other instruments to facilitate their insertion into a body cavity and because these compositions do not cause pain or irritation their use reduces the risk of infection and tissue - trauma . | 0 |
a three state inverter driver is operated so that its output goes to a logic one briefly just prior to going to its high impedance state when commanded by a disable pulse . this characteristic is useful where a plurality of drivers are employed to operate a dram element . | 7 |
in accordance with the present invention , an apparatus and process for convenient electrical access following application of an overcoat layer to the core of a thin film transducer for measuring core - to - coil impedance and breakdown voltage during manufacture and final testing is disclosed . the invention may employ existing process feedback circuitry at the wafer level typically severed in the machining process or the invention provides for a permanent dedicated terminal on the support structure . | 6 |
a method of forming a micro - display includes forming a device that includes forming a partially reflecting layer on a first substrate and forming a plate overlying the partially reflecting layer , and adhering the device to a second substrate . | 6 |
switch or control cables for switching - over or changing - over deflectors are known and have the disadvantage that they can only be operated from one predetermined location . in accordance with the invention , the switch or control cable is subdivided into two switch or control cable sections which are interconnected by a coupling . the switch or control cable which is tensioned by a spring can now be selectively released from a holding device for switching - over or changing - over the deflector and displaced by the spring or by disengaging the coupling , in which case only one of the two switch or control cable sections is displaced by the spring . | 8 |
multiple video streams , or other image information , from a dvd or other single source are selectively directed among two or more display screens . the video streams can be directed automatically , manually or by a combination of automatic and manual techniques . this allows the streams to be viewed simultaneously on different display screens to , e . g ., increase the viewing area , provide selectable enhancement and control of video viewing , or for other purposes . | 7 |
sulfur compounds present as sulfides and mercaptans in spent caustic streams from refinery and petrochemical processes are oxidized by contacting them with an oxygen - containing gas in a packed column recycle reactor . | 2 |
a system for automatically adapting the power conservation functions of a personal computer to the work patterns of any user . a power control system of the pc monitors activity of i / o devices and if upon the elapse of a first time interval a particular i / o device or combination of devices has not been accessed , one or more i / o devices are powered - down . following power - down , the first time interval is incrementally increased if i / o activity immediately occurs thereafter , prior to elapse of a second time interval . this process may repeat itself several times until the first time interval reaches a maximum value . alternatively , if , following power - down , i / o activity does not occur until after elapse of a third time interval , the first time interval is incrementally decreased until the first time interval reaches a minimum value . the system thereby automatically adapts to maximize power conservation during periods of low activity while preventing user disruption during periods of increased activity . | 6 |
an improved process for the thermal defluorination of phosphate rock is provided . the process comprises adding ammonia to the phosphoric acid fed to the kiln , the amount of ammonia added being effective for forming a eutectic with the fused ring and ball materials and heating the mixture with agitation to defluorinating temperatures for a period of time sufficient to defluorinate the rock and recovering the defluorinated rock . | 2 |
a process for recovering bitumen from oil - in - water emulsions is disclosed wherein water soluble demulsifiers are used . these demulsifiers are polyols of 4 and greater functionality containing discrete blocks of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide wherein the ethylene oxide content of the polyol is greater than about 50 % but less than about 95 %. the molecular weight of these polyols is greater than about 12 , 000 . to resolve the bituminous petroleum emulsions , the process is carried out between 25 ° and 120 ° c . wherein the demulsifier of the invention is contacted with the bituminous emulsion . | 2 |
a method is capable of testing wireless connection function of a mobile phone . firstly , a wireless module of the mobile phone is turned on . the wireless module then searches for access points . in succession , the wireless module is connected to a first pre - set access point in the searched access points . finally , the mobile phone accesses a first pre - set website via the wireless module and the pre - set access point . | 7 |
We make use of sensitive (9.3 μJy beam<SUP>-1</SUP> rms) 1.2 mm continuum observations from the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) Spectroscopic Survey in the Hubble Ultra-Deep Field (ASPECS) large program to probe dust-enshrouded star formation from 1362 Lyman-break galaxies spanning the redshift range z = 1.5-10 (to ∼7-28 M<SUB>⊙</SUB> yr<SUP>-1</SUP> at 4σ over the entire range). We find that the fraction of ALMA-detected galaxies in our z = 1.5-10 samples increases steeply with stellar mass, with the detection fraction rising from 0% at 10<SUP>9.0</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB> to ${85}_{-18}^{+9}$ % at >10<SUP>10</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB>. Moreover, on stacking all 1253 low-mass (<10<SUP>9.25</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB>) galaxies over the ASPECS footprint, we find a mean continuum flux of -0.1 ± 0.4 μJy beam<SUP>-1</SUP>, implying a hard upper limit on the obscured star formation rate of <0.6 M<SUB>⊙</SUB> yr<SUP>-1</SUP> (4σ) in a typical low-mass galaxy. The correlation between the infrared excess (IRX) of UV-selected galaxies (L<SUB>IR</SUB>/L<SUB>UV</SUB>) and the UV-continuum slope is also seen in our ASPECS data and shows consistency with a Calzetti-like relation at > ${10}^{9.5}\,{M}_{\odot }$ and an SMC-like relation at lower masses. Using stellar mass and β measurements for z ∼ 2 galaxies over the Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey, we derive a new empirical relation between β and stellar mass and then use this correlation to show that our IRX-β and IRX-stellar mass relations are consistent with each other. We then use these constraints to express the IRX as a bivariate function of β and stellar mass. Finally, we present updated estimates of star formation rate density determinations at z > 3, leveraging present improvements in the measured IRX and recent probes of ultraluminous far-IR galaxies at z > 2. | 9 |
The Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX) returned its first five years of scientific observations from 2009 to 2013. In this study, we examine, validate, initially analyze, and provide to the broad scientific community this complete set of energetic neutral atom (ENA) observations for the first time. IBEX measures the fluxes of ENAs reaching 1 AU from sources in the outer heliosphere and most likely the very nearby interstellar space beyond the heliopause. The data, maps, and documentation provided in this study represent the fourth major release of the IBEX data, incorporate important improvements, and should be used for future studies and as the citable reference for the current version of the IBEX data. In this study, we also examine five years of time evolution in the outer heliosphere and the resulting ENA emissions. These observations show a complicated variation with a general decrease in ENA fluxes from 2009 to 2012 over most regions of the sky, consistent with a 2-4 year recycle time for the previously decreasing solar wind flux. In contrast, the heliotail fluxes continue to decrease, again consistent with a significantly more distant source in the downwind direction. Finally, the Ribbon shows the most complicated time variations, with a leveling off in the southern hemisphere and continued decline in the northern one; these may be consistent with the Ribbon source being significantly farther away in the north than in the south. Together, the observations and results shown in this study expose the intricacies of our heliosphere's interaction with the local interstellar medium. | 9 |
the present invention relates to a novel epoxide hydrolase enzyme which aims to achieve a high degree of resolution towards a broader range of substrates with high enantioselectivity and yields with minimal product inhibition . the invention further relates to a new bacterial strain achromobacter sp . mtcc 5605 isolated from a petroleum - contaminated sludge sample , capable of producing the said enzyme . it is notable that the enzyme can be used as whole bacterial cell preparation , which allows continuous hydrolysis of substrates at even higher concentration and have an advantage of being recycled . the invention further relates to a process for the hydrolysis of different aryl epoxides which are potential synthons of intermediates for the synthesis of chiral amino alcohols and bioactive compounds like β - blockers . | 2 |
this invention relates to a structure of an active antenna system of a mobile and a satellite navigation method using the system . the present invention provides a structure of an active antenna system of a mobile and a satellite tracking method using the system , in which beams are formed and then directed by using sub - array concept , the tracking accuracy becomes to high by using double beam satellite tracking mode for tracking the satellite , tracking loss is reduced and positions are more accurately tracked during movement using an absolute steering sensing mode . | 7 |
a monolithic two axis gimbal suspension system for a tuned inertial instrument includes flexure hinges which are formed monolithically integral therein to define the pivot axis of the suspension system , each monolithically integral flexure hinge having aligned pairs of skew , crossed bridges integral with the relatively rotatable gimbals of the suspension system . the suspension system is used in a dry tuned gyroscope to suspend the gyro rotor from the gyro spin shaft . a method for making the monolithic suspension system comprises electro discharge machining of a monolithic workpiece mounted on a movable mandrel . monolithically integral flexure hinges comprising skew , crossed bridges formed therein , interconnect gimbal portions which are formed in the workpiece . construction of an improved tuned gyroscope employing the monolithic suspension system in a single compartment housing is described . | 8 |
a case hinges to the side of the movie camera next to the ground glass . one end of a viewfinder tube mounts pivotally to the case ; the other supports an ocular . light from the inverted image on the ground glass passes , at a right angle to the camera side , into the case . an amici prism in the case reerects the image and reflects the light rearward to a beam splitter . the splitter passes part of the light rearward to a 45 °/ 90 ° prism and then upward through a lens and iris to a video port and neutral - density filter . the beam splitter deflects the rest of the light outward , at a right angle to the camera side , into the finder tube . there another 45 °/ 90 ° prism deflects the light rearward in the tube to a lens that reimages the scene at the ocular . the movie camera can thus be tilted while the tube and ocular are at constant height , but prism rotation twists the image about the optical path . to correct this , a pechan prism between the lens and the ocular is linked to rotate about the path when the finder tube pivots . the pechan prism counterrotates the image . in the finder are also a filter wheel and optional 2 × reducing lens . | 7 |
a method of printing a gate pattern on a substrate comprising the steps of : identifying at least one area in the pattern in which one of the gate features overlays one of the active regions ; reducing a width dimension of the one of the gate features at the location which the one of the gate features overlays the one of the active regions ; extracting the gate features from the pattern ; decomposing the gate features into a vertical component mask and a horizontal component mask ; and illuminating the vertical component mask and the horizontal component mask utilizing dipole illumination . | 6 |
We present the <A href="https://github.com/NickSwainston/pulsar_spectra">pulsar_spectra</A> software repository, an open-source pulsar flux density catalogue and automated spectral fitting software that finds the best spectral model and produces publication-quality plots. The PYTHON-based software includes features that enable users in the astronomical community to add newly published spectral measurements to the catalogue as they become available. The spectral fitting software is an implementation of the method described in Jankowski et al. (2018, MNRAS, 473, 4436) which uses robust statistical methods to decide on the best-fitting model for individual pulsar spectra. <A href="https://github.com/NickSwainston/pulsar_spectra">pulsar_spectra</A> is motivated by the need for a centralised repository for pulsar flux density measurements to make published measurements more accessible to the astronomical community and provide a suite of tools for measuring spectra. | 9 |
the present invention relates generally to novel methods for the synthesis of o -- pyridin - 2 - ylmethyl ]- hydroxylamine which is an essential reagent in the synthesis of one of the bridged erythromycin derivatives and their respective pharmaceutically acceptable salts in pct application wo 03 / 097659 a1 . in particular , the present invention relates to processes and intermediates for the preparation of a compound of formula : | 2 |
a method , cache controller , and computer processor provide a parallel mapping system whereby a plurality of mappers processes several inputs simultaneously . the plurality of mappers are disposed in a pipelined processor upstream from a multiplexor . mapping , tag comparison , and selection by the multiplexor all occur in a single pipeline stage . data does not wait idly to be selected by the multiplexor . instead , each instruction of a first instruction set is read in parallel into a corresponding one of the plurality of mappers . this parallel mapping system implementation reduces processor cycle time and results in improved processor efficiency . | 6 |
the invention provides a system and method for the automatic detection of items as originating from a specific source , e . g . client or customer , identifying specific characteristics of the items , comparing these characteristics to a database of sets of such characteristics identified with or more sources , and providing an output of items that match the characteristics . in one embodiment of the invention , a mailer detection and manifest system detects mail pieces that were sent by specific mailers using mail piece characteristics that are unique to the mail pieces of each mailers &# 39 ; job within a mixed mailer mail stream . this is preferably accomplished in real - time or near real - time while sorting the mail pieces after the mailers &# 39 ; specific mail piece characteristics have been determined . | 6 |
substances , methods and devices for moisturizing the eye by stimulation of the lachrymatory glands to cause generation of tears . | 8 |
Subsets and Splits