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a method is provided for preparing the surface of a cyanate ester resin composite for metal plating . more particularly , a layer consisting essentially of cyanate ester resin is applied to the surface of the composite . thereafter , the surface of the resin layer is etched , preferably by treatment with an etching solution containing either a quaternary ammonium hydroxide or a primary amine . upon completion of the etching process , the cyanate ester resin layer may be successfully plated with metal . the method of the invention operates to improve adhesion between the cyanate ester resin composite and a subsequently - plated metal by providing the composite with a homogenous distribution of mechanical anchoring sites for a subsequently - plated metal , such that uniformity of adhesion is achieved . a cyanate ester resin composite prepared for plating in accordance with the invention may , upon plating , replace certain metallic components in such applications as aircraft , spacecraft , and automobiles given its highly conductive metallic coating . | 8 |
an adaptive power distribution system is presented for extending the dynamic range of ac / rf rectifiers . the power distribution system distributes the ac / rf input power amongst several different rectifier cells adaptively based on input power level . consequently , high rectification efficiency can be maintained over a very wide dynamic range . | 7 |
a battery pack of a computer system includes a battery having a nominal critical terminal voltage that may not be exceeded without hazardous failure of the battery . the battery pack includes a controller for routing power from an external power source to the battery to recharge the battery . the controller is configured to apply a time profile of charging power to the terminals of the battery . the profile includes time portions when the terminal voltage of the battery exceeds the nominal rated critical terminal voltage . the controller is also configured to control the time profile to prevent hazardous failure of the battery . | 7 |
soldering flux includes : a solvent of which solubility in water is more than 0 . 01 % by weight and less than 6 . 8 % by weight ; an organic acid component ; and amine counteracting the organic acid component . a solubility of the amine in water is more than 5 . 0 % by weight , and the amine is able to be linked to a conductive metal via a coordination linkage . a solder bump is formed by heating a solder ball with the soldering flux . the residue of the flux on the surface of the solder bump has water solubility , and is easily eliminated . further , the conductive metal coordinated to the amine is deposited on the surface of the solder bump by water washing . as a result , when testing the semiconductor device having the solder bump 7 by a contact pin contacting with the solder bump , the contact pin is prevented from contamination , the contact pin is certainly contacted with the solder bump , and the semiconductor device is accurately tested . | 7 |
a connector for mounting an led to a printed circuit board includes a hollow cylindrical body portion with an interior sidewall that defines a hollow cavity at one end to receive the led threaded base section . the second end has a plurality of conductive contact elements with which to electrically contact the led . a first electrical contact element includes at least one prong extending partially into the cavity . the prong is flexible for the threaded portion to pass the prong for insertion , and partially return to electrically engage the threaded portion to maintain the threaded portion inside the cavity . the prong also permits removal of the led rotationally with respect to the cavity . the contact elements are in electrical communication with the led and the threaded base section when the threaded base section is inserted within the body portion . | 5 |
a field emission device includes a substrate in which a well has been formed . carbon fibers with a high aspect ratio are deposited within the well , wherein the well is sufficiently deep so that axes of a large number of the carbon fibers are substantially coaxial with a long axis of the well . a conductive anode is positioned relative to the substrate so that an electric potential applied between the conductive anode and the substrate causes an emission of electrons from the carbon fibers towards the conductive anode . | 8 |
a machine and process for forming indicia in or on the surface of objects , particularly friable or hyaline objects , such as glass and ceramics , by producing tape carrying indicia - forming masks , and for applying those masks to the articles to be engraved at a rapid rate , for relatively high volume applications , is disclosed . a die is formed by chemical etching , and is heated to cut an adhesive - backed thermoplastic film on a carrier tape . the masks and the cutout portions are separated , so that both positive and negative masks are produced simultaneously , and either can be applied automatically to objects to be etched and / or embossed . embossing and / or etching is performed by sandblasting , chemical etching , or selective application of coating materials . | 8 |
a processor having a timer relay and a comparitor relay interprets , stores and compares inputted biometric data with pre - loaded biometric data and responds including activation of a vehicle &# 39 ; s electronic systems . an electronic system interrupter allows the vehicle &# 39 ; s electronic system to function with the interrupter maintained in the electronic systems functioning position by a signal from the processor thereby allowing the interrupter to be overridden by the processor to keep the electronic system in a functioning mode . an air pressure sensor detects the vehicle &# 39 ; s speed and signals when speed is beyond a preset threshold . the processor , the input device , electronic system interrupter , air pressure sensor and a power source are electronically coupled . | 1 |
an image reader in which a plurality of light - sensitive cells arranged in an array in a line image sensor are divided into a predetermined number of blocks , and the blocks are sequentially selected to sequentially drive the light - sensitive cells in each of the blocks to produce image signals . charging switches are provided for charging the light - sensitive cells via block selector switches . the charging switches are activated after a signal read time assigned to each light - sensitive cell has expired to thereby shorten the charging time necessary for the light - sensitive cell . the block selector switches are each actuated at a predetermined timing while the charging switches are activated , thereby preventing noise due to switching actions of the block selector switches from being introduced into image signals . | 7 |
methods and apparatus for serving electronic information to a user over a computer network are disclosed . a computer connected to the network and hosting a database is provided . the computer is configured to receive a request from a user to view electronic information stored in a networked database over the network , and retrieve the information from the database . the computer may then transform the information on - the - fly into a hardware independent page description language representation of said information and serve the information to the user over the network . | 8 |
2 - hydroxy - 3 - alkylaminopropoxycarbostyrils represented by the formula ## spc1 ## wherein r represents a straight or branched chain alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms useful as β - adrenergic blocking agents and a process for preparing the same are disclosed . | 2 |
system - on - chip products using high frequency , wideband , highly linear , cmos and bicmos processes will be the next evolution of wireless and wireline communications integrated circuits . aspects described herein can provide enhanced overall performance over existing prior art single - ended , wideband rf amplifier topologies . a single - ended third order intermodulation distortion nulling circuit can extend the dynamic range for wideband amplifiers up to an order - of - magnitude , without a dc power or noise figure penalty . the application of distortion nulling can be extended to all the building blocks used in cmos / bicmos rf transceivers to improve performance . the application of this concept to all of the building blocks in an rf transceiver will allow the dynamic range of the transceiver to be increased without suffering a dc power dissipation increase or a significant noise increase . | 7 |
this invention relates to apparatus and methods for use in sealing a vascular puncture site and to apparatus and methods for properly locating and deploying a sealing device . the locating apparatus includes a lumen which extends from an opening in the distal region of the apparatus but located proximally of the sealing device , which lumen extends to another opening in the proximal region of the device . when the distal opening is in communication with blood in a blood vessel , blood flow through the lumen and out of the proximal opening signifies such location to the user . when the sealing device is withdrawn such that the sealing device is deployed such that it blocks the blood flow into the distal port , the user will know the location of the sealing device . in a preferred embodiment , the sealing device is then withdrawn proximally a predetermined distance to assure that no part of the sealing device extends into the blood vessel lumen . the sealing device is then detached from the delivery device . | 0 |
a circuit arrangement for deriving a field synchronizing signal from an incoming signal which contains at least line synchronizing and field synchronizing pulses the amplitude of which extends between a reference and a peak level , comprising a signal generator for generating a signal each time a pulse having a value which is located between the reference and the peak level occurs in the incoming signal . said signal whose value is a measure of the duration of said pulse is compared with a first threshold value . during the occurrence of the line synchronizing pulses the signal of the signal generator is inhibited as long as the first threshold value has not yet been reached . the signal from the signal generator is compared with a second threshold value which is a measure of a pulse duration which exceeds the duration corresponding to the first threshold value . the field synchronizing signal is generated as soon as the second threshold value is reached . | 7 |
3 - methyl - 2 - butanone cannot be removed from 3 - methyl - 2 - butanone and formic acid mixtures by distillation because of the presence of the maximum azeotrope between 3 - methyl - 2 - butanone and formic acid . 3 - methyl - 2 - butanone can be readily removed from 3 - methyl - 2 - butanone - formic acid mixtures by extractive distillation in which the extractive agent is dimethylacetamide , dimethylformamide or these with certain high boiling organic compounds . | 2 |
in a semiconductor device comprising a mos transistor driven at a relatively low voltage and a mos transistor driven at a relatively high voltage formed on the same semiconductor substrate , the mos transistor driven at the relatively high voltage comprises : a first active region of a first conductivity type in the semiconductor substrate ; a first gate oxide film formed on the first active region and having increased thickness at the edge regions thereof than in the central region thereof in the direction of current flow ; and a first electrode formed on the first gate oxide film and doped at a relatively low concentration with an impurity of a second conductivity type which is opposite to the first conductivity type ; and the mos transistor driven at the relatively low voltage comprises : a second active region of a first conductivity type in the semiconductor substrate ; a second gate oxide film formed on the second active region ; and a second electrode formed on the second gate oxide film and doped at a relatively high concentration with an impurity of a second conductivity type . a multi - voltage level semiconductor device is provided whereby increases in the number of manufacturing steps can be restricted and decline in the performance of mos transistors for use in low - voltage circuits can be suppressed . | 7 |
an electronic memory system and method for use in a system for reducing quantizing noise is presented . in some internet access and other dial - up services , modems or other sources connect into analog switching systems , and then are a / d - converted to reach remote switching offices . there , the digitized signal is converted back to analog , only to be re - digitized for t1 transmission . in the invention , the sample points used to re - digitize the signal are encoded using a dedicated electronic memory structure which permits efficient determination of valid data points . | 7 |
the present invention relates to a process to isolate genetic material containing the nucleotide sequence coding for interferon in human fibroblastic cells which comprises cultivating cells producing interferon when exposed to an inducer of interferon , exposing same to such inducer , extracting messenger rna from said induced cells , purifying the interferon messenger rna , transcribing the messenger rna into dna and cloning the dna in a suitable vector . preferred cells are human diploid foreskin cells . the invention further relates to a process for engineering a bacterial strain to produce interferon polypeptide which comprises introducing a cloned interferon dna into a suitable vector - carrier . a preferred vector - carrier is e . coli . the invention also relates to the mrna of human interferon in highly purified form , to the mrna of human interferon in β1 highly purified form , to the mrna of human interferon in β2 highly purified form , to the dna coding for a polypeptide having interferon activity , insertable in a vector , such as plasmid pbr322 , and also to human interferon β1 in highly purified form , and human interferon β2 in highly purified form . | 2 |
embodiments of the present disclosure relate generally to body gear having designed performance characteristics , and in particular to methods and apparatuses that utilize an array of heat managing elements coupled to a base material to direct body heat while also maintaining the desired transfer properties of the base material . in some embodiments , the heat managing material elements include heat management elements that reflect heat or conduct heat , and may be directed towards the body of a user or away from the body of the user . | 8 |
a method for receiving an http adaptive streaming video from a server , said method comprising at a client , operatively connected to said server upon receiving a chunk of said video , determining a current rate of transmission for transmissions from said server to said client ; obtaining statistical information pertaining to an expected future rate of transmission , in function of at least said current rate of transmission ; deriving a target rate of transmission from said statistical information ; and requesting a subsequent chunk of said video in accordance with said target rate of transmission . | 7 |
X-shaped or peanut-shaped (X/P) bulges are observed in more than 40 per cent of (nearly) edge-on disc galaxies, though to date a robust method to quantify them is lacking. Using Fourier harmonics to describe the deviation of galaxy isophotes from ellipses, we demonstrate with a sample of 11 such galaxies (including NGC 128) that the sixth Fourier component (B<SUB>6</SUB>) carries physical meaning by tracing this X/P structure. We introduce five quantitative diagnostics based on the radial B<SUB>6</SUB> profile, namely: its `peak' amplitude (Π<SUB>max</SUB>); the (projected major-axis) `length' where this peak occurs (R<SUB>Π, max</SUB>); its vertical `height' above the disc plane (z<SUB>Π, max</SUB>); a measure of the B<SUB>6</SUB> profile's integrated `strength' (S<SUB>Π</SUB>); and the B<SUB>6</SUB> peak `width' (W<SUB>Π</SUB>). We also introduce different `classes' of B<SUB>6</SUB> profile shape. Furthermore, we convincingly detect and measure the properties of multiple (nested) X/P structures in individual galaxies which additionally display the signatures of multiple bars in their surface brightness profiles, thus consolidating further the scenario in which peanuts are associated with bars. We reveal that the peanut parameter space (`length', `strength' and `height') for real galaxies is not randomly populated, but the three metrics are inter-correlated (both in kpc and disc scalelength h). Additionally, the X/P `length' and `strength' appear to correlate with (v<SUB>rot</SUB>/σ<SUB>⋆</SUB>), lending further support to the notion that peanuts `know' about the galactic disc in which they reside. Such constraints are important for numerical simulations, as they provide a direct link between peanuts and their host disc. Our diagnostics reveal a spectrum of X/P properties and could provide a means of distinguishing between different peanut formation scenarios discussed in the literature. Moreover, nested peanuts, as remnants of bar buckling events, can provide insights into the disc and bar instability history. | 9 |
an output device or controller supporting voice activated commands by using a portable electronic device is herein disclosed and enabled . the output device may be a television , a controller connectable to a television , a printer , a sound output device , or a projector . the portable electronic device for wirelessly managing or driving the output device may include a microphone to receive voice activated commands . the output device includes wireless circuitry to establish a direct wireless connection with the portable electronic device , and subsequently , the output device , using the established direct wireless connection , is operable to : wirelessly receive first information from the portable electronic device ; wirelessly send to the portable electronic device second information in response to receiving the first information ; and wirelessly receive from the portable electronic device data related to voice activated commands from a user . | 8 |
by exploiting an intense correlation exhibited between the distribution of lattice distortions in a wafer and the distribution of the threshold voltages of field effect transistors , the distribution of the lattice distortions in the wafer is reduced , thereby to mitigate the distribution of the characteristics of the semiconductor elements inthe wafer . the difference between the maximum value and minimum value of the lattice distortions of a gaas single crystal at a normal temperature is set to at most 4 × 10 - 5 , and the density of si atoms contained in the gaas single crystal is set to at most 1 × 10 16 cm - 3 , whereby the characteristics of semiconductor elements whose parent matrial is the gaas single crystal can be made uniform . | 2 |
The shapes of individual self-gravitating structures of an ensemble of identical, collisionless particles have remained elusive for decades. In particular, a reason why mass density profiles like the Navarro-Frenk-White or the Einasto profile are good fits to simulation- and observation-based dark matter halos has not been found. Given the class of three dimensional, spherically symmetric power-law probability density distributions to locate individual particles in the ensemble mentioned above, we derive the constraining equation for the power-law index for the most and least likely joint ensemble configurations. We find that any dark matter halo can be partitioned into three regions: a core, an intermediate part, and an outskirts part up to boundary radius r<SUB>max</SUB>. The power-law index of the core is determined by the mean radius of the particle distribution within the core. The intermediate region becomes isothermal in the limit of infinitely many particles. The slope of the mass density profile far from the centre is determined by the choice of r<SUB>max</SUB> with respect to the outmost halo particle, such that two typical limiting cases arise that explain the r<SUP>-3</SUP>-slope for galaxy-cluster outskirts and the r<SUP>-4</SUP>-slope for galactic outskirts. Hence, we succeed in deriving the mass density profiles of common fitting functions from a general viewpoint. These results also allow to find a simple explanation for the cusp-core-problem and to separate the halo description from its dynamics. | 9 |
certain pyrrolecarboxylic and pyrroleacetic acid derivatives substituted on the pyrrole ring with thioether groups , acyl groups , phenyl , substituted phenyl , phenoxy , substituted phenoxy , benzyl or halo and optionally substituted on the pyrrole nitrogen with alkyl , and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof , are useful in lowering the blood glucose levels of hyperglycemic animals . | 2 |
provided are an adaptor element in a bubble shape , a method of constructing a sequencing library with such an adapter element . the adaptor element is a hybrid formed with a long - chain nucleic acid a and a short - chain nucleic acid b . the hybrid is in the bubble shape with paired regions at two terminals and a non - paired region in the middle . | 2 |
Dark Matter (DM) can become captured, deposit annihilation energy, and hence increase the heat flow in exoplanets and brown dwarfs. Detecting such a DM-induced heating in a population of exoplanets in the inner kpc of the Milky Way thus provides potential sensitivity to the galactic DM halo parameters. We develop a Bayesian Hierarchical Model to investigate the feasibility of DM discovery with exoplanets and examine future prospects to recover the spatial distribution of DM in the Milky Way. We reconstruct from mock exoplanet datasets observable parameters such as exoplanet age, temperature, mass, and location, together with DM halo parameters, for representative choices of measurement uncertainty and the number of exoplanets detected. We find that detection of $\mathcal{O}(100)$ exoplanets in the inner Galaxy can yield quantitative information on the galactic DM density profile, under the assumption of 10% measurement uncertainty. Even as few as $\mathcal{O}(10)$ exoplanets can deliver meaningful sensitivities if the DM density and inner slope are sufficiently large. | 9 |
a cigarette filter is surrounded by a wrapping paper , and the wrapping paper includes metal only on portion of a surface thereof , such that air can penetrate through the wrapping paper into the filter . | 0 |
disclosed is an apparatus for applying a viscous liquid material and a method of controlling the discharge of the viscous liquid material . the apparatus has a movable nozzle having a port for discharging the viscous liquid material in a predetermined discharging direction . the nozzle is movably arranged to controllably trace a predetermined track . a shutter for controllably closing the port of the nozzle includes a shiftable member arranged on the port to move relative to the port between a first position and a second position along a plane which crosses the discharging direction of the nozzle so that the shiftable member release and covers the port of the nozzle . the present invention is suitable for application on a loop track or a closed path . in the method , it is preferred that the first position is located on the front side of the second position facing toward a direction in which the nozzle advances at termination of tracing with the viscous liquid material . | 1 |
phosphatidylinositol 3 - kinases are known to be important regulators of signaling pathways . to determine whether pi3ks are genetically altered in cancers , we analyzed the sequences of the p13k gene family and discovered that one family member , pik3ca , is frequently mutated in cancers of the colon and other organs . the majority of mutations clustered near two positions within the p13k helical or kinase domains . pik3ca represents one of the most highly mutated oncogenes yet identified in human cancers and is useful as a diagnostic and therapeutic target . | 2 |
transition printed circuit boards and edge contact wafers are positioned back - to - back and disposed within slots of a diecast aluminum shell with which they are held in place by means of an outer housing . high - speed electrical cable is attached to conductive patterns on the transition printed circuit boards using flux - free methods . the resultant cable and connector are capable of high - speed operation and are still , nonetheless , capable of providing high - density connections to connectors on boards immediately adjacent to semiconductor chips . | 7 |
a system and method for suppressing secondary electron counts in systems that count particles . the secondary electrons are produced in a foil or other secondary electron emitting surface . a suppression grid is placed in front of the particle detector . the grid is held at an applied voltage that prevents some portion of the electrons from being transmitted through the grid and reaching the detector . the applied voltage may be adjusted and varied in a manner that provides a predicable electron count and an enhanced dynamic range of measurements at the detector . | 7 |
a maximum mileage indicator comprises a pressure gauging mechanism including the bourdon gauge having a pointer for indicating the vacuum in an intake manifold and a speed metering mechanism including an indicator disc or cam board rotated by an angle determined by the vehicle speed , the pointer of the pressure gauging mechanism and the indicator disc or cam board being so arranged as to provide information on whether or not the vehicle is being drived under the maximum mileage condition for the desired vehicle speed . | 6 |
Analyze RGB images for snow and vegetation greenness | 9 |
a roofing membrane which exhibits improved properties , particularly reduced propensity to blister , is produced by selecting a the group consisting of straight run asphalts with a rod & amp ; ball softening point in the range of from 80 to 130 degrees f . ; oxidized asphalts , solvent washed asphalts , road tars , refined tars , and blends thereof ; selecting a modifying polymer from a group consisting of : styrene - butadiene - styrene block co - polymer , atactic polypropylene , and a combination of sbs and app ; modifying the bitumen by adding the polymer while the bitumen is in a molten state in a sealed mixing vessel ; exposing the modified bitumen to a pressure less than ambient during or after modification while still in a molten state to allow release of entrained gases ; and forming the roofing membrane from the molten modified bitumen . | 8 |
a method of fabricating shallow trench isolation . in the method , a refill step of oxide layer and a step of forming a sacrificial layer on the semiconductor substrate are applied after filling insulating layer into the shallow trenches . the purpose of the steps is to protect the oxide layer on the semiconductor substrate and the corner of the shallow trenches , used to isolate the sti . | 7 |
a flip - flop for use in a field programmable gate array integrated circuit device is disclosed . the flip - flop comprises a data output terminal coupled to a first programmable routing element , a data input terminal coupled to a second programmable routing element , and a clock input terminal , wherein a signal appearing at the data output terminal in response to a signal applied to the clock input terminal has the opposite logical polarity with respect to the corresponding logical signal applied to the data input terminal . | 7 |
an axial piston machine having a housing the interior housing chamber of which includes a leakage chamber and accommodates a stroke disc and a rotatably mounted cylinder drum having cylinders and pistons reciprocally movable in the cylinders , the ends of which pistons projecting out of the cylinders bear on the stroke disc . in order to avoid piston seizures , while maintaining the efficiency of the axial piston machine , there is provided a cooling circuit . | 5 |
a supporting device for exhibiting golf clubs enabling the easy dismounting and storing of the golf clubs from and onto the supporting device for exhibition when users actually dismount the golf clubs from the supporting device for exhibition , hold them within their hands , and perform a test swing . the supporting device includes a plurality of guide parts for hooking the heads of golf clubs thereto and hooking parts connecting respective guide parts to each other , wherein when the clubs are hooked to the guide parts , they are always arranged in a specified direction at all times . the guide parts are so formed that the inlets of guide parts supporting suspended shafts of the clubs are opened in the front direction so that the shafts of the clubs can be suspended therefrom are visible from the front direction of the supporting device . | 0 |
a modular wheelchair assembly is adapted to be reconfigured between a fixed angle of tilt , a dynamically adjustable tilt - in - space configuration with the tilt axis being near the user &# 39 ; s knees and a dynamically adjustable tilt - in - space configuration with the tilt axis being near the user &# 39 ; s center of gravity . the reconfiguration is achieved by modifying a limited number of selectively removable components of the support assembly or the pivot assembly of the wheelchair . | 0 |
a wind turbine apparatus , comprising an upright shaft defining an upright axis , at least two blades operatively connected to the shaft to rotate about the shaft axis as the blades are wind driven about the axis , the lowermost portion of each blade being offset , azimuthally , relative to the uppermost portion of each blade , baffles carried by the blades to project directionally to receive impingement of wind for creating torque transmitted to the blade to effect blade rotation about the axis . | 5 |
an echo - compensating surface acoustic wave interdigital transducer in which the entire length of the end finger of the transducer at each end is connected directly or indirectly to at least one of the bus bars , the end finger extends only partially across the aperture of the transducer , and the space which is colinear with the end finger across the remaining portion of the aperture is not occupied by any surface - acoustic - wave - reflective structure . the end finger is substantially a quarter of an acoustic wavelength out of phase with the nearest interior finger with respect to an incident wave at the operating frequency of the transducer , so that the acoustic reflections of the end finger and the nearest interior finger are in phase - opposition to each other . in addition , the end finger spans one half of the transducer aperture , and is arranged to permit unobstructed acoustic reflection from the nearest interior finger over the other half of the aperture at one of the ends of the transducer , so that the resulting phase - opposed reflections are equal in amplitude in order to achieve mutual cancellation . | 7 |
a wedge loading mechanism for an eccentric planetary traction drive in which a roller having a flexibly mounted shaft is positioned between two raceways forming a convergent wedge . rotation of either of the two raceways wedges the roller within the convergent wedge squeezing the roller between the two raceways thereby transmitting rotational motion and torque between the two raceways . the flexibly mounted shaft generates differences between an effective supporting stiffness of the roller and an contact effective stiffness at the points where the roller contacts the two raceways . the difference in the effective stiffness allow the roller to operate efficiently at smaller convergent wedge angles . | 5 |
polymers of maleic acid may be prepared by thermally polymerizing malic acid , maleic acid or fumaric acid with less than one equivalent of ammonia . the polymers are modified by the incorporation of amines , carboxylic acids or combinations thereof . the polymers formed are excellent inhibitors of alkaline earth salt deposition , dispersants , tartar control additives , detergent additives , and water treatment agents . | 0 |
an improved pump is provided for controlled delivery of fluids wherein the pump includes a reservoir and a movable piston . a plunger slide is in removable contact with the movable piston . a motor , is operably coupled to a drive member , such as a drive screw . the motor is disposed in - line with the drive member and the plunger slide . the drive member is operably connected to the plunger slide and is disposed to be substantially enclosed by the plunger slide when the plunger slide is in at least one position . the drive member is adapted to advance the plunger slide in response to operation of the motor . | 8 |
Polarized general-relativistic radiative transfer in the vicinity of black holes and other compact objects has become a crucial tool for probing the properties of relativistic astrophysics plasmas. Instruments like GRAVITY, the Event Horizon telescope, Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array, or Imaging x-ray Polarimetry Explorer make it very timely to develop such numerical frameworks. In this article, we present the polarized extension of the public ray-tracing code GYOTO, and offer a python notebook allowing to easily perform a first realistic computation. The code is very modular and allows to conveniently add extensions for the specific needs of the user. It is agnostic about the spacetime and can be used for arbitrary compact objects. We demonstrate the validity of the code by providing tests, and show in particular a perfect agreement with the IPOLE code. Our article also aims at pedagogically introducing all the relevant formalism in a self-contained manner. | 9 |
an adjustable personal treatment apparatus that is usable by women of all sizes to enable them to enjoy , without harm , the full healthful benefits of proper and necessary massage and therapy . more particularly , the apparatus permits the proper pressure to be applied to a female patient during massage , or therapeutic treatment , without causing discomfort and possible damage to breast tissue or breast implants . | 0 |
the present invention is directed to a transistor with an asymmetric silicon germanium source region , and various methods of making same . in one illustrative embodiment , the transistor includes a gate electrode formed above a semiconducting substrate comprised of silicon , a doped source region comprising a region of epitaxially grown silicon that is doped with germanium formed in the semiconducting substrate and a doped drain region formed in the semiconducting substrate . | 7 |
irrigation control apparatus includes : a mast having a lower portion adapted to be removably inserted into the earth , soil moisture sensing structure associated with or separate from said lower portion of the mast , and data transmitting apparatus on an upper portion of the mast and operatively connected with said sensing structure for transmitting to a central station data indicative of soil moisture conditions at the location of the mast . | 0 |
We report on the observed properties of the plasma revealed through high signal-to-noise observations of 54 intervening O VI absorption systems containing 85 O VI and 133 H I components in a blind survey of 14 QSOs observed at ~18 km s<SUP>-1</SUP> resolution with the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph over a redshift path of 3.52 at z < 0.5. Simple systems with one or two H I components and one O VI component comprise 50% of the systems. For a sample of 45 well-aligned absorption components where the temperature can be estimated, we find evidence for cool photoionized gas in 31 (69%) and warm gas (6 > log T > 5) in 14 (31%) of the components. The total hydrogen content of the 14 warm components can be estimated from the temperature and the measured value of log N(H I). The very large implied values of log N(H) range from 18.38 to 20.38 with a median of 19.35. The metallicity, [O/H], in the 6 warm components with log T > 5.45 ranges from -1.93 to 0.03 with a median value of -1.0 dex. Ground-based galaxy redshift studies reveal that most of the absorbers we detect sample gas in the intergalactic medium extending 200 to 600 kpc beyond the closest associated galaxy. For the warm aligned O VI absorbers, we estimate Ω<SUB>b</SUB>(O VI)<SUB>Warm</SUB> = 0.0019 ± 0.0005 which corresponds to (4.1 ± 1.1)% of the baryons at low z. The warm plasma traced by the aligned O VI and H I absorption contains nearly as many baryons as are found in galaxies. <P />Based on observations obtained with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc. under NASA contract NAS5-2655, and the NASA-CNES/ESA Far-Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer mission operated by Johns Hopkins University, supported by NASA contract NAS 05-32885. | 9 |
a projected light scale for forensic photography that projects indicators onto a scene which is captured by a digital imaging device . these indicators may be produced by collimated light , resulting in fixed and diverging indicators . this enables a user viewing the captured image to extrapolate the true size of objects within the image , as well as to determine the distance and orientation of the digital imaging device relative to the imaged scene . | 7 |
an escape outline is provided to automatically identify escape traces of a breakout . further , the escape outline can be used to associate desired properties with the identified escape traces and allows special behavior of the automatic and interactive routing routines that operate on the escapes . still further , an escape outline may be employed to improve the creation of escape traces by automatic routing tools . the use of pseudo - pins for netline optimization also is provided . breakouts in a printed circuit board design are analyzed , and their respective endpoints are identified . these endpoints are then employed in a netline optimization analysis instead of the pins from which the breakouts originate . in this manner , the endpoints of the breakout are used as pseudo - pins to substitute for the actual pins of a component . because the netline optimization will then be predicated upon the breakout endpoints rather that the originating pins , the pin configuration will be revised to simplify routing to the breakouts . | 6 |
a semiconductor device improving the characteristics of an integrated circuit in which transistors of different operation modes including a dynamic vth mos are mixed , comprising a plurality of mosfets each including a semiconductor active layer formed in an insulating layer on a substrate , a back side gate electrode facing its substrate side surface via a back side gate insulating film , and a front side gate electrode facing the opposite side surface from the semiconductor active layer via a front side gate insulating film , the plurality of mosfets including a first mosfet in which the back side gate electrode and the front side gate electrode are insulated and separated from each other and a second mosfet in which the back side gate electrode and the front side gate electrode are electrically connected , the back side gate insulating film of the dv - mos being thinner than the back side gate insulating film of the con - mos . | 7 |
the present invention relates to a dual - circuit hydraulic brake system with slip control , in particular for automotive vehicles , wherein wheel brakes are connected via electromagnetically actuatable multiple - position valves to brake circuits which are hydraulically isolated from one another , wherein the brake circuits are adapted to be pressurized by a tandem master cylinder , on the one hand , and are connectible to a dual - circuit pump aggregate adapted to be driven electromotively , on the other hand . both outlets of the pump aggregate are connected to normally closed brake valves which are governed by the master cylinder pressure and separating valves which are adapted to be closed by the outlet pressure of the brake valves are inserted into the connections between the tandem master cylinder and the wheel brakes . | 1 |
a stapler and related method for use to bind documents are disclosed in which a selective one of a plurality of different size staples all stored within the stapler itself may be selected for dispensing without necessitating the removal of any staples of a non - selected size from the stapler , or reloading the stapler with the selected size of staples . the stapler contains a magazine having a plurality of cassettes into which staples of different sizes are loaded , with the cassettes being located one atop the other in a stacked array of rows of staples . a selector mechanism is used to alternately , selectively allow one of the rows of staples to be fully advanced to the end of the stapler from which the staples are dispensed , with the other rows of staples being actively urged back away from the end of the stapler from which the staples are dispensed to allow a staple from the selected row to be dispensed . | 1 |
according to aspects illustrated herein , there are provided systems for conveying a sheet article into an intended pathway . the multi - way gate system for diverting sheets into multiple pathways in a sheet conveying device includes at least three pathways for directing the sheet from the sheet conveying member in a particular direction . a single gate plate is between the sheet conveying member and the pathways . the single gate plate is rotatable about a single axis to direct the sheet exiting the sheet conveying member toward one of the pathways . | 1 |
the invention concerns a bicycle saddle having a seat portion and a nose portion with the nose portion longitudinally flexible and laterally rigid relative to the seat portion wherein the degree of flexibility is adjustable . | 1 |
This is an archive of HOMME-NH code with the ARKode interface to produce the results in Vogl et al. (2019) Evaluation of Implicit-Explicit Additive Runge-Kutta Integrators for the HOMME-NH Dynamical Core. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 11 (12), 4228-4244, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019MS001700. | 9 |
a surgical retractor securing apparatus includes an adjustable securing device which attaches the apparatus to the surgical accessory bar of a halo style head fixation device and a capture assembly that releasably engages the elasticized band of a scalp hook retractor . the adjustable securing device compressively grips along a portion the length of a surgical accessory bar or otherwise attaches to an external support , providing a plurality of attachment points . the capture assembly may include a pivotable cam that releasably grips the elasticized band of a scalp hook retractor by compressing the band between the gripping cam and the surgical accessory bar or other external support . | 0 |
a method for tilling needleless injector capsules with liquid drug , whereby dissolved gas within the drug is replaced by a less soluble gas in order to reduce the inclusion of gas bubbles , or to prevent the growth of bubbles during storage and thereby prevent breakage of the capsules . | 1 |
methods are provided for ascertaining and measuring rptp - κ activity in response to insults such as uv irradiation and with respect to administration of a treatment and / or composition . attenuation of egfr activity by rptp - κ affects aspects of photoaging , including damage to the skin , suppression of the immune system , dna damage , and connective tissue degradation . intervention with respect to the effects of photoaging can include protection of rptp - κ from oxidation . the methods can be used for discovery of anti - aging treatments , adjuncts , or other preventative treatments , such as sunscreens . | 6 |
in one embodiment , the present invention includes a method of mounting a semiconductor device to a first side of a circuit board ; and mounting at least one voltage regulator device to a second side of the circuit board , the second side opposite to the first side . the voltage regulator devices may be output filters , inductors , capacitors , and the like . in certain embodiments , the devices may be located directly underneath the semiconductor device . | 8 |
a method manufactures a front panel including a front panel body formed of a single transmissive resin layer and a sensor film attached thereto , using a first mold having a molding recessed portion and a second mold having a molding projecting portion . the first and second molds are joined together such that a cavity is formed between the molding recessed portion and the molding projecting portion , by placing the sensor film between the first mold and the second mold , on the molding projecting portion in the cavity . a melted resin is injected into the cavity to form the single transmissive resin layer having a front surface formed in a shape of the molding recessed portion , and a back surface formed along the sensor film in a shape of the molding projecting portion , thereby laminating the sensor film to the back surface of the transmissive resin layer . | 6 |
a method of monitoring an oled production process for making an oled device is disclosed . according to the method , at least one reference oled device similar to said oled device is fabricated . said at least one reference oled device has a layered structure corresponding to said oled device and a range of hole injection and / or transport layer thicknesses . a spectral variation of a light output of said at least one reference oled device with respect to variation in said hole injection and / or transport layer thickness is characterized . a said oled device is partially fabricated by depositing one or more layers comprising at least said hole injection and / or transport layer and a thickness of said one or more layers is measured such that a light output for said partially fabricated oled device can be predicted , in a target color space , from said measuring , using said characterized spectral variation . | 7 |
an apparatus is provided to generate a gas by mixing chemicals with water . typically , the production of gas , particularly oxygen , by combining water with powders and other dry chemicals has not been widely employed . there have existed a number of preexisting barriers such as undesirable flow rates and yields . however , by utilizing multiple reaction chambers the flow rates and yields can be more precisely tailored for a variety of situations that may call for particular flow rates and yields . additionally , the use of the dry chemicals would allow for a long self - life allowing the apparatus to be particularly useful in emergency situations . | 1 |
a remote process seal system is provided . the seal system includes at least one remote process seal assembly coupled to a process pressure transmitter via a coupling filled with an incompressible fluid . the incompressible fluid is contacted by at least one getter to reduce instabilities caused by the release of hydrogen gas accumulating over time . in one aspect , a layer of getter material is deposited or placed within the pressure transducing portion of the remote process seal assembly . | 6 |
a hydraulic press for simultaneously forming a plurality of pastry crusts under pressure in individual pans . the pans are loaded into a carrier tray , each pan is filled with a pre - portioned quantity of dough and the tray is placed between the upper and lower dies of the hydraulic press . alignment elements formed on the hydraulic press and the carrier tray align the pans with the dies as the press closes . the resulting pastry crusts are formed with a uniform thickness throughout the crust . if desired and when the dies are so fabricated , crusts with different thicknesses at the bottom , side wall and flange of the crust can be formed . pressure forming crusts eliminates the need for handling scrap dough which is usually trimmed and recovered in rolled or sheeted crust production . | 0 |
a method for melting machine chips characterized by a preheating zone , a prereducer zone , and a melting zone the latter of which is heated by an arc heater through which a reducing inert gas is introduced into the communicating zones , whereby metal chips entering the preheating zone move through the subsequent zones in counterflow to the reducing gas flow . | 8 |
a memory cell having n transistors including at least one pair of access transistors , one pair of pull - down transistors , and one pair of pull - up transistors to form a memory cell , wherein n is an integer at least equal to six , wherein each of the access transistors and each of the pull - down transistors is a same one of an n - type or a p - type transistor , and each of the pull - up transistors is the other of an n - type or a p - type transistor , wherein at least one of the pair of the pull down transistors and the pair of the pull up transistors are asymmetric . | 7 |
an operational monitoring system for use in communications , and a method thereof , for operational , systems or integrity management of pipeline infrastructures which operates by broadcasting wireless signals through gas distribution networks and analyzing the traversed signals to assess the operational , systems or integrity of the natural gas pipelines . the operational monitoring system includes a transmitter located at a first location arranged to transmit a wireless signal through natural gas contained within a pipeline infrastructure ; a receiver located at a second location structured to receive the wireless signal transmitted through the natural gas contained within the pipeline infrastructure ; and a device to analyze the received wireless signal indications of operational changes in the natural gas pipeline infrastructure . | 5 |
there is described a ceramic powder , a ceramic layer and a layer system with pyrochlore phase and oxides . besides a good thermal insulation property , thermal insulation layer systems must also have a long lifetime of the thermal insulation layer . a described layer system has a layer sequence of a metallic bonding layer , an inner ceramic layer and an outer ceramic layer , which are specially matched to one another . | 2 |
a taut wire intrusion detection system includes posts that are used to detect an intrusion into a secured area . the supporting posts are used to both detect a movement of the taut wire and anchor the taut wire by using separate anchor and sensor elements . the taut wire system eliminates many of the weaknesses of prior taut wire systems by providing a less variant taut wire sensitivity . | 6 |
a system of growing and harvesting algae is provided whereby the system encompasses a plurality of controlled growth and stress steps to optimize growth rate versus time . | 2 |
a semiconductor device with a non - uniformly and lightly doped channel comprises a gate electrode formed on a silicon substrate of first conductivity through the intermediary of a gate oxide dielectric film , and an extension of each side walls of the gate electrode composed of a thin polysilicon layer which is substantially thinner than the gate electrode , the silicon substrate having a channel region in which its central part is doped with ions of first conductivity at a concentration higher than in the silicon substrate and its part below the thin polysilicon layer is doped with ions of first conductivity at a concentration higher than in the central part , and having at an outer region of the channel region a source - drain region doped with ions of second conductivity . | 7 |
<BR /> Aims: Studies of chemistry and chemical composition are fundamental to exploring the formation histories of planets and planetary systems. We propose having another look at five targets to better determine their composition and the chemical mechanisms taking place in their atmospheres. We present a re-analysis of five hot Jupiters, combining multiple instruments and using Bayesian retrieval methods. We compare different combinations of molecules present in the simulated atmosphere and various chemistry types, as well as a range of cloud parametrizations. Following up on recent studies questioning the detection of Na and K in the atmosphere of HD 209458b as being potentially contaminated by stellar lines (when present), we study the impact on other retrieval parameters that may lead to misinterpretations of the presence of these alkali species. <BR /> Methods: We used spatially scanned observations from the grisms G102 and G141 of the Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) on the Hubble Space Telescope, with a wavelength coverage of ~0.8 to ~1.7 microns. We analyzed these data with the publicly available Iraclis pipeline. We added data from Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) observations to increase our wavelength coverage from ~0.4 to ~1.7 µm. We then performed a Bayesian retrieval analysis with the open-source TauREx using a nested sampling algorithm. We carried out the retrieval, taking into account molecular abundances that vary freely and then with equilibrium chemistry. We explored the influence of including Na and K on the retrieval of the molecules from the atmosphere. <BR /> Results: Our data re-analysis and Bayesian retrieval are consistent with previous studies, but we do find small differences in the retrieved parameters. After all, Na and K have no significant impact on the properties of the planet atmospheres. Therefore, we present here our new best-fit models, taking into account molecular abundances that are allowed to vary freely as well as the equilibrium chemistry. This work is a preparation for a future addition of a more sophisticated representation of the chemistry involved, while taking into account disequilibrium effects such as vertical mixing and photochemistry. | 9 |
in the present invention , food product containers , holders , wrappers or instruments are constructed in a manner which enables these products to secretly retain a prize award , while being indistinguishable from non - prize bearing products . in this way , the prize - bearing product may be randomly distributed with conventional , non - prize bearing products , without having the existence of a prize award being discovered before opening by the consumer . by creating a prize retaining zone which is secretly and undiscoverably embedded in conventional food delivery products such as cups , straws , holders , containers , etc ., prize awards such as cash , are secretly hidden and randomly distributed to lucky customers who instantly win the prize award . | 1 |
a computer - implemented method includes receiving a request from a user to locate a radio station similar to a radio station currently providing content in a predefined genre to a radio receiver ; accessing stored genre information compiled from a radio station scan to locate a second radio station providing content in the genre ; and tuning the radio receiver to the second radio station . | 7 |
a computer system including : disk array system to cause a snapshot corresponding to the selected backup time accessible with the specific address to which the computer can access ; wherein if the snapshot corresponding to the selected backup time is associated with the specific address to which the computer cannot access , then the disk array system making the snapshot accessible with an address to which the computer can access ; and wherein the snapshot relates to differential data between initial backup data and actual backup data at the selected backup time , thereby an acquisition time of the snapshot is different than the selected backup time corresponding to the specific address that can be accessed initially by the computer . | 6 |
machine for applying threaded caps to containers , comprising : gripping means configured to hold the respective containers , at least one screwing head including a respective gripping member configured to hold a respective cap ; at least one electric motor associated with said screwing head and configured to control a rotational movement of said gripping member about a longitudinal axis and a translational movement of said gripping member along said longitudinal axis , the translational movement and the rotational movement being synchronized with each other so as to move said gripping member along a screwing path . | 1 |
a trailer improvement wherein two trailers can be connected together , back - to - back , to double the load - carrying capacity , and the axle assemblies can be moved so that the wheels are in the proper location to assure that optimum mobility and load - carrying capacity of the interconnected trailer can be realized . the interconnected trailer can be separated and converted to two single trailers when desired . | 1 |
the present invention provides a circuit breaker trip unit configured to operate with a plurality of different plug - in display units . the display unit includes a memory which stores data representative of the particular display unit , and which allows the trip unit to automatically adapt to communicate with the display modules . the trip unit includes a processor and programming which permits a bi - directional flow of data between the units , such as display data and control data . | 7 |
a method for machine processing , in particular for machine welding processing of workpieces , in particular of plate - like workpieces , tubes and / or profiles , by means of a thermal processing beam , in particular by means of a processing beam is described , wherein the processing of the workpiece is carried out with a relative movement between the processing beam and the workpiece , wherein a process gas is fed to a processing zone in a settable quantity of process gas per unit of time . after a stored stabilization time , in which the processing of a workpiece is continued with a relative movement between the processing beam and the workpiece , a quantity of process gas per unit of time is automatically reduced . further a control apparatus of a setting device for process gas feed according to such a method is described . | 1 |
the present invention provides an electron beam measurement technique for measuring the shapes or sizes of portions of patterns on a sample , or detecting a defect or the like . an electron beam measurement apparatus has a unit for irradiating the patterns delineated on a substrate by a multi - exposure method , and classifying the patterns in an acquired image into multiple groups according to an exposure history record . the exposure history record is obtained based on brightness of the patterns and a difference between white bands of the patterns . | 7 |
a music production system is presented that includes a music module to access computer software applications and produce music compositions . the system in a first mode records and corrects the pitch of a tune , typically a tune sung by a user at a microphone . the user may produce additional tracks with the software applications including instruments playing the recorded and corrected tune or to accompany the user while singing the tune . in a second mode , the system generates virtual characters such as band members , a producer and / or a manager to simulate the production and presentation of the recorded tune as a stage show as part of a recording industry . virtual characters may assist in the use of user interface functions during music composition development and orchestration . | 0 |
We present Hubble Space Telescope (HST) optical transmission spectra of the transiting hot-Jupiter WASP-12b, taken with the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph instrument. The resulting spectra cover the range 2900-10 300 Å which we combined with archival Wide Field Camera 3 spectra and Spitzer photometry to cover the full optical to infrared wavelength regions. With high spatial resolution, we are able to resolve WASP-12A's stellar companion in both our images and spectra, revealing that the companion is in fact a close binary M0V pair, with the three stars forming a triple-star configuration. We derive refined physical parameters of the WASP-12 system, including the orbital ephemeris, finding the exoplanet's density is ∼20 per cent lower than previously estimated. From the transmission spectra, we are able to decisively rule out prominent absorption by TiO in the exoplanet's atmosphere, as there are no signs of the molecule's characteristic broad features nor individual bandheads. Strong pressure-broadened Na and K absorption signatures are also excluded, as are significant metal-hydride features. We compare our combined broad-band spectrum to a wide variety of existing aerosol-free atmospheric models, though none are satisfactory fits. However, we do find that the full transmission spectrum can be described by models which include significant opacity from aerosols: including Rayleigh scattering, Mie scattering, tholin haze and settling dust profiles. The transmission spectrum follows an effective extinction cross-section with a power law of index α, with the slope of the transmission spectrum constraining the quantity αT = -3528 ± 660 K, where T is the atmospheric temperature. Rayleigh scattering (α = -4) is among the best-fitting models, though requires low terminator temperatures near 900 K. Sub-micron size aerosol particles can provide equally good fits to the entire transmission spectrum for a wide range of temperatures, and we explore corundum as a plausible dust aerosol. The presence of atmospheric aerosols also helps to explain the modestly bright albedo implied by Spitzer observations, as well as the near blackbody nature of the emission spectrum. Ti-bearing condensates on the cooler night-side is the most natural explanation for the overall lack of TiO signatures in WASP-12b, indicating the day/night cold trap is an important effect for very hot Jupiters. These findings indicate that aerosols can play a significant atmospheric role for the entire wide range of hot-Jupiter atmospheres, potentially affecting their overall spectrum and energy balance. | 9 |
a water circulating system for reducing the growth and accumulation of micro - organisms for hospitals and other facilities with large water circulating systems . the system allows a constant flow of heated water above 55 ° c . past water outlet heads even when the water outlet head is not in use , thus avoiding static water in the pipe lines and the growth or accumulation of micro - organisms . | 8 |
a submersible well pump has a system for monitoring the pressure and temperature in the vicinity of the motor . the system includes a downhole assembly in the well that has a transmitter for generating a signal and superimposing the signal onto the power cable . transducers in the downhole assembly sense physical parameters such as pressure and temperature and provide electrical responses corresponding to the physical parameters . the transducers are connected to a modulator which modulates the signal provided by the transmitter according to the electrical response of the transducers . the modulated carrier signal is converted at the surface into a readout signal proportional to the physical parameters . | 4 |
a design is described for solar panel that allows for modular installation and efficient removal of panels irrespective of the panel &# 39 ; s relative location in an array arrangement . a system is provided that includes a plurality of modular panels . these panels are rimmed by frames featuring one or more exterior - facing , grooved channels . a first channel — which may be used to mount the panel , and which replaces traditional railing installation systems — and a second channel that is configured to allow movement of one or more panel splices used to secure the panels together . integrated electrical connection interfaces are provided on opposite side surfaces of the frames to couple with the electrical connection interfaces of adjacent panels to establish an electrical path between them . a spacer component may be inserted between panels to provide access to the electrical connection interfaces ; support and rigidity to the joined panels ; a grounding path between the panels ; and , when combined with the panel splices , to align the panels to prevent damage to the electrical connection interfaces . | 7 |
disclosed is a photosensitive diazo resin for lithographic printing represented by the formula : ## str1 ## wherein x - is a counter anion , y is a divalent bonding group selected from the group consisting of -- nh --, -- s -- and -- o --, r 1 , r 2 and r 3 are groups which are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen , an alkyl group and an alkoxy group , r 4 and r 5 are groups which are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen , an alkyl group and a phenyl group , 1 and m are integers which satisfy the relation : 1 + m = 2 to 100 , 1 / m = 30 to 99 / 1 to 70 and a is a quaternary ammonium salt - containing group represented by the formula : ## str2 ## . a photosensitive resin composition for lithographic printing comprising a diazo resin is also disclosed . | 6 |
a method and system for providing different images representing plural depths of field of an electronic device . the vision system has a beamsplitter for receiving an image of the device illuminated by the at least one light source , the beamsplitter providing one of the plurality of images of the device based in a wavelength of the light source ; an aperture having a plurality of effective diameters based on the wavelength of light from the at least one light source , the aperture determining a depth of field of the image of the device ; and an optical element for receiving the image of the device , the optical element magnifying the image by a predetermined magnification factor to produce a magnified image having the determined depth of field . | 6 |
disclosed is a system for separating liquid and solid waste . the system provides a plurality of ways of moving liquids from initial disposal to a reservoir . the system may comprise an insert and a shell , or may include a funnel , insert and shell . the funnel allows for direct collection of liquids . the insert allows for indirect collection of liquids . | 1 |
a plural - frequency capacitive occupancy sensing system comprises an antenna electrode and a detection circuit , which is configured to drive the antenna electrode at least with a first and a second signal at a first and a second frequency , respectively , so as to obtain at least a first and a second measurement value indicative of at least one of conductance , susceptance , resistance , reactance and capacitance between the antenna electrode and a reference node , at the first frequency and the second frequency , respectively . the detection circuit compares the capacitance between the antenna electrode and the reference node with a threshold capacitance , the threshold capacitance being derived from a difference between the first and second measurement values and / or the capacitance between the antenna electrode and the reference node being corrected based upon the difference between the measurement values . the detection circuit outputs an occupancy state signal depending on the comparison . | 1 |
in the device and method of the present invention , a stripping roller is positioned a short distance from an electrostatically charged photoconductor surface in an electrophotocopy machine . the roller is supplied with a bias voltage which has a polarity the same as that of the charge on the photoconductor surface and a magnitude which is equal to or higher than that of the photoconductor surface charge , but greater than 1 kv . the photoconductor surface is moved past the stripping roller to remove excess developer liquid . | 6 |
a hand truck or dolly is shown which includes a frame pivotable on a pair of wheels . the frame includes a foot plate and a slidable bracket on which a heavy item to be carried can be mounted . the support can be raised by a screw operated by a hand crank or power - assisted elevator , while one end of the screw is fastened to the foot plate . | 1 |
a conventional demodulator for digital transmission includes means for splitting the received hf signal into two identical auxiliary signals , mixers for transposing the auxiliary signals into in - phase and quadrature baseband components by multiplying them with in - phase and quadrature output signals from a local oscillator , and respective filter and amplifier means and analog - to - digital converters on the in - phase and quadrature channels . in addition , the demodulator includes estimation means suitable for estimating faults on groups of samples taken from the outputs of the analog - to - digital converters , with the faults being estimated in the form of five parameters , and correction means for correcting current samples on the basis of the parameters estimated on an earlier group of samples . | 7 |
provided are : a high - strength steel wire material which exhibits excellent cold - drawing properties and a high prescribed strength ; a high - strength steel wire produced from this high - strength steel wire material ; and a zinc - plated high - strength steel wire . this high - strength steel wire material is characterized by respectively including 0 . 80 - 1 . 3 % of c , 0 . 1 - 1 . 5 % of si , 0 . 1 - 1 . 5 % of mn , more than 0 % but not more than 0 . 03 % of p , more than 0 % but not more than 0 . 03 % of s , 0 . 02 - 0 . 2 % of ti , 0 . 01 - 0 . 10 % of al , and 0 . 001 - 0 . 006 % of n , the remainder comprising iron and unavoidable impurities . the high - strength steel wire material is further characterized in that the relationship in formula , namely 0 . 05 %≧≧) =, and represents the carbon content ), is satisfied . | 2 |
We study the structural evolution of isolated star-forming (SF) galaxies in the IllustrisTNG100-1 hydrodynamical simulation, with a focus on investigating the growth of the central core density within 2 kpc (Σ<SUB>*,2 kpc</SUB>) in relation to total stellar mass (M<SUB>*</SUB>) at z < 0.5. First, we show that several observational trends in the Σ<SUB>*,2 kpc</SUB>-M<SUB>*</SUB> plane are qualitatively reproduced in IllustrisTNG, including the distributions of active galactic nuclei (AGN), SF galaxies, quiescent galaxies, and radial profiles of stellar age, specific star formation rate (sSFR), and metallicity. We find that galaxies with dense cores evolve parallel to the Σ<SUB>*,2 kpc</SUB>-M<SUB>*</SUB> relation, while galaxies with diffuse cores evolve along shallower trajectories. We investigate possible drivers of rapid growth in Σ<SUB>*,2 kpc</SUB> compared to M<SUB>*</SUB>. Both the current sSFR gradient and the black hole (BH) accretion rate are indicators of past core growth, but are not predictors of future core growth. Major mergers (although rare in our sample; ~10 per cent) cause steeper core growth, except for high-mass ($M_{\rm *}\gtrsim 10^{10} \, {\rm M}_{\odot }$) mergers, which are mostly dry. Disc instabilities, as measured by the fraction of mass with Toomre Q < 2, are not predictive of rapid core growth. Instead, rapid core growth results in more stable discs. The cumulative BH feedback history sets the maximum rate of core growth, preventing rapid growth in high-mass galaxies ($\gtrsim 10^{9.5} \, {\rm M}_{\odot }$). For massive galaxies, the total specific angular momentum of accreting gas is the most important predictor of future core growth. Our results suggest that the angular momentum of accreting gas controls the slope, width, and zero-point evolution of the Σ<SUB>*,2 kpc</SUB>-M<SUB>*</SUB> relation. | 9 |
a fitting for use in fusion welding mating thermoplastic components includes a weld bead chamber to capture and conceal a bead formed as a result of the fusion weld . the weld bead chamber integrates the bead into the fitting so that the joined parts have a finished look without mechanical polishing or grinding of the completed piece . a stop ledge included in the weld bead chamber prevents over insertion of a pipe or other component into the fitting . a view window in the fitting permits inspection of the finished bead . | 1 |
a method for producing a thin panel liquid crystal display system for producing images comprising providing a mother glass having at least two active glass substrates therein , adhering the mother glass to a handle substrate to provide strength and rigidity to the mother glass , printing said active glass substrates with grid lines , cutting the mother glass between the active glass substrates , separating the active glass substrates from one another , placing two active glass substrates in parallel with one another , disbursing a plurality of glass beads on one of the active glass substrates , injecting liquid crystal display material between the active glass substrates , sealing the active glass substrates together , and separating each of the active glass substrates from the handle substrate . | 6 |
a book with just a few leaves , the leaves being soft and thick and made by inserting foam plastic or rubber into pockets of material . the exterior of the book is preferably made from a continuous web of material . the book , primarily intended as a toy or novelty item , may vary from small enough to be held in the hands of a small child to large enough to use as a piece of furniture . | 1 |
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