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the invention relates to compounds acting as selective antagonists of transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily m member 8 , and having formula . said compounds are useful in the treatment of diseases associated with activity of trpm8 such as pain , inflammation , ischaemia , neurodegeneration , stroke , psychiatric disorders , itch , irritable bowel diseases , cold induced and / or exhacerbated respiratory disorders and urological disorders . | 2 |
The Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER) on the International Space Station (ISS) observed strong photospheric expansion of the neutron star in 4U 1820-30 during a Type I X-ray burst. A thermonuclear helium flash in the star’s envelope powered a burst that reached the Eddington limit. Radiation pressure pushed the photosphere out to ∼200 km, while the blackbody temperature dropped to 0.45 keV. Previous observations of similar bursts were performed with instruments that are sensitive only above 3 keV, and the burst signal was weak at low temperatures. NICER's 0.2-12 keV passband enables the first complete detailed observation of strong expansion bursts. The strong expansion lasted only 0.6 s, and was followed by moderate expansion with a 20 km apparent radius, before the photosphere finally settled back down at 3 s after the burst onset. In addition to thermal emission from the neutron star, the NICER spectra reveal a second component that is well fit by optically thick Comptonization. During the strong expansion, this component is six times brighter than prior to the burst, and it accounts for 71% of the flux. In the moderate expansion phase, the Comptonization flux drops, while the thermal component brightens, and the total flux remains constant at the Eddington limit. We speculate that the thermal emission is reprocessed in the accretion environment to form the Comptonization component, and that changes in the covering fraction of the star explain the evolution of the relative contributions to the total flux. | 9 |
conventional routers employ a wired backplane that employs “ long reach ” serializer / deserializer links , but this type of architecture is complicated , costly , and uses a considerable amount of power . to address some of these issues , a new wireless backplane architecture is provided here . this wireless backplane employs direct millimeter wave links between line cards that replaces the convention , wired switching fabric . | 8 |
a packaging machine having multiple modules each performing a separate function in a packaging sequence . the modules are building blocks that are assembled to define a packaging machine . an infeed conveyor / lane divider module , a blank magazine and infeed tray module , a collation and synchronization module , a gluing and closing module , a turning module , a stacking module , a film cutting module , a film wrapping module and a heat shrink module are selectively assembled in various combinations to define machines that pack articles into trays , wrap the articles with heat shrink film , turn the packages , stack the packages for multi - tier packages , or any combination of these functions . the modules each have an independent conveyor driven by an onboard servo drive . the servo drives are coordinated to provide controlled flow of articles from module to module . the servo drives are all connected to and controlled by a supervisory computer such that no mechanical connection between modules is required . | 1 |
Context. FG Sge has evolved from the hot central star of the young planetary nebula Hen 1-5 to a G-K supergiant in the last 100 yr. It is one of the three born-again objects that have been identified as of yet, and they are considered to have undergone a thermal pulse in the post-asymptotic giant branch evolution. <BR /> Aims: We present mid-infrared spectro-interferometric observations of FG Sge and probe its dusty environment. <BR /> Methods: FG Sge was observed with MIDI at the Very Large Telescope Interferometer at baselines of 43 and 46 m between 8 and 13 µm. <BR /> Results: The circumstellar dust environment of FG Sge was spatially resolved, and the Gaussian fit to the observed visibilities results in a full width at half maximum of ~10.5 mas. The observed mid-infrared visibilities and the spectral energy distribution can be fairly reproduced by optically thick (τ<SUB>V</SUB> ≈ 8) spherical dust shell models consisting of amorphous carbon with an inner radius r<SUB>in</SUB> of ~30 R<SUB>★</SUB> (corresponding to a dust temperature of 1100 ± 100 K). The dust shell is characterized with a steep density profile proportional to r<SUP>−3.5±0.5</SUP> from the inner radius r<SUB>in</SUB> to (5-10) × r<SUB>in</SUB>, beyond which it changes to r<SUP>−2</SUP>. The dust mass is estimated to be ~ 7 × 10<SUP>−7</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB>, which translates into an average total mass-loss rate of ~ 9 × 10<SUP>−6</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB> yr<SUP>−1</SUP> as of 2008 with a gas-to-dust ratio of 200 being adopted. In addition, the 8-13 µm spectrum obtained with MIDI with a field of view of 200 mas does not show a signature of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emission, which is in marked contrast to the spectra taken with the Spitzer Space Telescope six and 20 months before the MIDI observations with wide slit widths of 3″.6-10″. This implies that the PAH emission originates from an extended region of the optically thick dust envelope. <BR /> Conclusions: The dust envelope of FG Sge is much more compact than that of the other born-again stars' Sakurai's object and V605 Aql, which might reflect the difference in the evolutionary status. The PAH emission from the extended region of the optically thick dust envelope likely originates from the material ejected before the central star became H-deficient, and it may be excited by the UV radiation from the central star escaping through gaps among dust clumps and/or the bipolar cavity of a disk-like structure. <P />Based on observations made with the Very Large Telescope Interferometer of the European Southern Observatory. Program ID: 081.D-0244. | 9 |
a phase change memory system includes m phase change memory cells , where m is an integer greater than or equal to one . a write module selectively writes at least one of the m phase change memory cells based on a write parameter . a read module selectively reads back a resistance value for the at least one of the m phase change memory cells . a control module communicates with the write module and the read module and triggers write / read cycles n times where n is an integer greater than one . the control module also adjusts a write parameter of one of the n write / read cycles based on at least one prior resistance value and a target resistance value . | 6 |
a method , system and computer program product for managing a conditional data watchpoint in a set of instructions being traced is shown in accordance with illustrative embodiments . in one particular embodiment , the method comprises initializing a conditional data watchpoint and determining the watchpoint has been encountered . upon that determination , examining a current instruction context associated with the encountered watchpoint prior to completion of the current instruction execution , further determining a first action responsive to a positive context examination ; otherwise , determining a second action . | 6 |
a method of doping diamond with relatively large atoms such as aluminium , phosphorus , arsenic and antimony is provided . the method involves implanting the dopant atoms at a low temperature to create a damaged region of point defects in the form of vacancies and interstitial dopant atoms within the crystal lattice of the diamond , and annealing the diamond to reduce the lattice damage and cause dopant interstitial atoms to diffuse into lattice positions . the implantation dose will be low and such as to create density of implanted dopant atoms of no greater than 2 . 5 × 10 18 cm 3 . | 2 |
a roll riser for supporting rolled goods during shipment is formed as a doughnut from a recyclable material such as corrugated paper or foamed plastic . the weight of the roll riser is selected in consideration of the size and weight to the rolled goods . | 1 |
novel equipment utilizing a single head , single gap on a single track in an audio magnetic recorder to permit control of a large variety of audio - visual devices for the pre - programming of a multi - media presentation in educational , entertainment and other fields . particular structure , including an audio magnetic tape drive mechanism , which permits , by means of a single head with a single gap on a single track , index signal recording , data signal recording , data signal updating and data signal playback is provided to perform multiple discrete and proportional control functions . the same magnetic tape may carry on a separate track or tracks audio information which is correlated with the functions controlled by the data recorded on the device control track . | 6 |
a peak hold circuit for a gain control signal is disclosed for use with an apparatus for recording information on and / or reproducing information from an optical recording medium by scanning the optical recording medium with a condensed light beam . the apparatus includes an adjusting device for adjusting a focusing and / or tracking condition of the light beam , an error detecting device for detecting a focusing error signal and / or a tracking error signal from light of the light beam reflected or transmitted by the optical recording medium , a feedback control circuit for feeding back an output from the error detecting device to the adjusting device , a light quantity detecting device for detecting light quantity of the reflected or transmitted light , a gain control device for controlling gain of the feedback control circuit in accordance with the output of the light quantity detecting device , and a switching device for selectively switching the ouput of the light quantity detecting device to a hold condition or to a through condition . | 6 |
a mounting bracket apparatus for adjustably supporting a flat panel display from a wall . the mounting bracket includes a wall bracket , a display bracket and two traversing mounts . the traversing mounts are supportively disposed between the wall bracket and the display bracket , and driven along a pair of substantially parallel linear axes by a pair of actuators enabling vertical adjustment of the display bracket . the traversing mounts are flexibly coupled between the wall bracket and the display bracket , thereby enabling misalignment of the positions to adjust the skew of the display bracket relative to the wall bracket . | 5 |
There is an unceasing incoming flux of extraterrestrial materials reaching the Earth atmosphere. Some of these objects produce luminous columns when they ablate during the hypersonic encounter with air molecules. A few fireballs occur each year bright enough to be detected from space. The source of these events is still a matter of debate, but it is generally accepted that they are of sporadic origin. We studied the NASA-JPL Center for NEOs Studies (CNEOS) fireball database to infer the dynamic origin of large bolides produced by meter-sized projectiles that impacted our planet. These likely meteorite-dropping events were recorded by the US Government satellite sensors. We estimated the false-positive rate and analyzed the time evolution of multiple orbit dissimilarity criteria concerning potential associations with near-Earth objects and meteoroid streams. We found that at least 16% of the large bolides could be associated with meteoroid streams, about 4% are likely associated with near-Earth asteroids, and 4% may be linked to near-Earth comets. This implies that a significant fraction of meter-sized impactors producing large bolides may have an asteroidal or cometary origin. In addition, we found at least three bolides having hyperbolic orbits with high tensile strength values. Meter-sized meteoroids of interstellar origin could be more common than previously thought, representing about 1% of the flux of large bolides. The inferred bulk physical properties suggest that the interstellar medium could bias these projectiles toward high strength rocks with the ability to survive prolonged exposure to the harsh interstellar space conditions. | 9 |
a method and apparatus is disclosed for injecting a temperature sensitive probe into a tire to be cured in a mold which is at least in part heated by a steam cavity . the probe is utilized to monitor cure conditions and provides an electronic input signal to control the cure . the probe is carried by a movable member in a housing mounted in the mold with one side of the movable member being exposed to , and thereby worked on , the steam in the cavity so that the steam pressure itself is utilized to inject the probe . | 1 |
there is provided an integrated type transformer that reduces the volume by integrating a plurality of transformers transmitting power for driving a plurality of lamps in an inverter circuit for an lcd into one transformer structure . an integrated type transformer according to an aspect of the invention includes a bobbin unit including a bobbin body having a predetermined length and a through hole therein in a longitudinal direction of the bobbin unit , and a core unit including an inner core inserted into the through hole of the bobbin unit , and an outer core formed along one surface in the longitudinal direction among outer circumferential surfaces of the bobbin unit and electromagnetically coupled to the inner core to form one magnetic path . | 7 |
the present invention is a plug system having a plug for insertion into a pipeline , wherein the plug system is insertable via a fitting attached to the pipeline . a pre - drilled aperture of the pipeline positioned normal to the cylindrically - shaped pipeline may interfere with a pig traveling through the pipeline . in one embodiment , the plug includes two coaxial cylindrical portions . a first cylindrical portion has a diameter greater than the aperture diameter , while the second cylindrical portion has a diameter less than the aperture diameter . additionally the plug defines a hole that is oriented perpendicular to an axis of the cylindrical portions , wherein the diameter of the hole is approximately the size of inside diameter of the pipe . the plug has a retaining member to stabilize the plug system . when the plug is installed in the pipe it permit a pig to flow freely , thereby eliminating pigging hazards . | 5 |
a spherical bearing comprises an outer ring and an inner ring located inside the outer ring to be slidable , the outer ring is prepared by casting molten metal around a resin - made sheet to be coated on the inner ring . a liner disposed between the inner and outer ring comprises a liner body and a metallic mesh member embedded in the liner body , and the molten metal is filled in meshes in the mesh member so as to partially bite the inner peripheral portion of the outer ring to achieve the firm engagement of the liner with the outer ring . | 8 |
legal document processing is a complex and intellectually intensive process . the quality process required for accomplishing this task needs to ensure acceptable levels of accuracy to the customer along with speed and efficiency . defining of error codes , measurement of error codes and the related analysis , calibration of results and the analysis of deviations and similarities and the sampling strategy associated with unit selection are critical in ensuring a high acceptable quality level . a system and method of searching through documents in order to find documents relevant to a defined inquity , whereby the number of irrelevant documents produced and number of relevant documents overlooked is minimized . a system and method of using scoring and quality evaluations for a given search project are described . | 6 |
the present disclosure relates to drug eluting devices , and their uses . the drug eluting devices can allow for perfusion during deployment . the coatings the may contain bioactive materials which elute once deployed in a patient and can have anti - proliferative , anti - inflammation , or anti - thrombotic effects . sol gel technology can be used to coat the devices . | 0 |
We report the analysis of circumbinary (CB) discs formed in a radiation hydrodynamical simulation of star cluster formation. We consider both pure binary stars and pairs within triple and quadruple systems. The protostellar systems are all young (ages < 10<SUP>5</SUP> yrs). We find that the systems that host a CB disc have a median separation of ≈11 au, and the median characteristic radius of the discs is ≈64 au. We find that 89 per cent of pure binaries with semimajor axes a < 1 au have a CB disc, and the occurrence rate of CB discs is bimodal with log-separation in pure binaries with a second peak at a ≈ 50 au. Systems with a > 100 au almost never have a CB disc. The median size of a CB disc is between ≈5 and 6 a depending on the order of the system, with higher order systems having larger discs relative to binary separation. We find the underlying distributions of mutual inclination between CB discs and binary orbits from the simulation are in good agreement with those of observed CB discs. | 9 |
An archived release of the repository for the purposes of generating a DOI for the article "Pervasive epistasis exposes intramolecular networks in adaptive enzyme evolution" | 9 |
the invention is a circuit for eliminating or reducing unwanted components from an optical output signal . the circuit employs a photodetector for converting a portion of the output signal to an electrical signal , and a feedback loop which passes only the second harmonic band or the frequency difference band for combining with the input biasing signal . | 7 |
a molded plastic product and material handling pallet comprising upper and lower pieces of different plastic materials assembled in separable mating registration to provide a pervious product bed and a lower framework of sufficient strength for vertical stacking storage of product - loaded pallets in open racks . | 1 |
one aspect of the invention relates to a polypeptide comprising at least one fluorinated amino acid . another aspect of the invention relates to a method for modifying a first polypeptide , comprising replacing at least one amino acid in said first polypeptide with a fluorinated amino acid , thereby producing a second polypeptide with increased stability relative to said first polypeptide . | 2 |
a technique for recovering of “ squeezed ” sectors in a set of sequential sectors such as are used in shingled magnetic recording is described . embodiments of the invention use a programmable erased sector recovery scheme , which is a concatenation of a “ cauchy - type ” track erasure correction code , together with a media - error correction code that generates n - weighted parity - sectors per track and is capable of replacing up to n - erased sectors per track in any possible combination . | 6 |
methods and compositions for using the mhc class ii invariant chain polypeptide , ii , as a receptor for macrophage migration inhibitory factor , are disclosed . these include methods and compositions for using this receptor , as well as agonists and antagonists of mif which bind to this receptor , or which otherwise modulate the interaction of mif with cd74 or the consequences of such interaction , in treatment of conditions characterized by locally or systemically altered mif levels , particularly inflammatory conditions and cancer . | 6 |
a device for the high - speed drilling of boards for printed circuits and the like . the device has a support , a drill head with an associated mandrel and a workpiece - pressing device mounted on the support , which can be displaced relative thereto towards and away from the board to be drilled . at least one actuator is interposed between the support , the drill head and / or the workpiece - pressing device in order to move the drill head and the workpiece - pressing device with respect to the support . the workpiece - pressing device may be displaced on the support independently from the drill head . | 7 |
easy to attach and detach blades for overhead ceiling fans . a first version has a ceiling fan blade with keyhole slots that fit over flat topped fasteners on a mounting arm . pulling the blade away from the arm locks the slots to the fasteners . a second version is similar to the first and has a decorative bottom cover having snappable tapered protrusions which attach through the keyholes and into mateable through - holes in the mounting arm connection . the third version has a protruding end portion of the blade that fits into a slot in the mounting arm where spring loaded pistons press into grooves in the protrusion end portion of the blade . latching handles allow users to manually move the pistons . a fourth version has a slot in the blade which fits about a mateable housing in the mounting arm where opposing spring loaded pistons press into interior wall grooves in the slot of the blade . a fifth version has the blade with slots fit over the end of the mounting arm so that pulling the blade from the mounting arm causes spring loaded piston to interlock into a interior wall groove in the slot of the blade . | 8 |
α - lactosamine hydrochloride , substantially free of β - lactosamine hydrochloride ; a method of preparing α - lactosamine hydrochloride monohydrate from an anomeric mixture of lactosamine hydrochloride , including : preparing a solution including the anomeric mixture of lactosamine hydrochloride , water and at least one water - miscible organic solvent at a temperature of 0 - 100 ° c ., and cooling the solution to cause crystallisation of α - lactosamine hydrochloride monohydrate ; a method of preparing anhydrous α - lactosamine hydrochloride ; and use of α - lactosamine hydrochloride as a food supplement or intermediate in synthesis . | 2 |
a method and apparatus is provided for anchoring threaded bars , such as bolts or similar elements , to hardened concrete , cement , or stone . an anchoring hole and a side hole are cut in the solid structure , and a sprag is then positioned within the side hole . the sprag is in the form of a sleeve and has a screw - threaded opening which extends through it and which is adapted to receive a threaded anchoring bar . the angle between the longitudinal axis of the sprag and the opening is equal to the angle between the anchoring bar hole and the side hole which are formed in the structure . the sprag is positioned within the side hole until its threaded opening is in line with the anchoring bar hole , so that the anchoring bar can be screwed into it . | 5 |
a method is provided for digitally presenting physical media content including obtaining a physical media content having a plurality of pages , each page having at least one visual aspect and one audible aspect . for each page , rendering the visual aspect into a digitally stored visual file component . for each page , rendering the audible aspect into a digitally stored audio file component . for each page , associating the visual file component with the audio file component for each page . storing the associated visual and audio file components for each of the pages into a single digital media file representing the physical media content as a digital media file . placing the digital media content file in a format for storage and playback in a viewing device . | 6 |
an article of footwear , especially a clog has a basic structure including an upper , a sole portion and a heel molded as a unitary article , for example , by high pressure injection molding ; in this way a lightweight article can be produced without the need for separate manufacturing steps to attach the three basic components ; conveniently the article of footwear includes a separately formed insole member having a cavity to receive a replaceable arch support member which can be shaped and formed to meet the specific needs of the wearer . | 0 |
an image sensor having pixels that include two patterned semiconductor layers . the top patterned semiconductor layer contains the photoelectric elements of pixels having substantially 100 % fill - factor . the bottom patterned semiconductor layer contains transistors for detecting , resetting , amplifying and transmitting signals charges received from the photoelectric elements . the top and bottom patterned semiconductor layers may be separated from each other by an interlayer insulating layer that may include metal interconnections for conducting signals between devices formed in the patterned semiconductor layers and from external devices . | 7 |
a monitor is disclosed and includes a displaying device , a supporting device , and a console . the supporting device is connected to and supports the displaying device . the console is connected in communication to the displaying device and is capable of being engaged with the supporting device . the console includes a first switch key and a second switch key . the displaying device can be triggered to switch to a first displaying mode by the first switch key or to a second displaying mode by the second switch key . the detachable design for the console of the invention not only allows a user to quickly switch the displaying modes , but also avoids shaking due to performing the switching on the displaying device by fingers in the prior art . therefore , the invention can effectively solve the inconvenience of switching or setting the displaying modes in the prior art . | 6 |
the invention relates to a protective collar for protecting the face of very young children . said collar comprises a substantially flat annular part which is open to one side and which , in the area of said opening on one side , comprises fastening means which allow to assemble the annular part in such a manner as to form a collar in the shape of a truncated cone . | 0 |
a lamp reflector comprises a pre - formed member molded from a polymer into a smooth and continuously curved shape . the members have a rigidity characteristic sufficient for maintaining its shape . a reflecting layer is bonded directly to the molded member to provide a reflector surface without facets or sharp angles . the shape of the member is comprised of a rear portion being an involute spline and side portions being defined by conic sections . the method of providing such a reflector decreases the amount of light reflected back into the lamp and trapped or absorbed within the lighting fixture . the method further eliminates the need for adhesive layers between the metal reflecting layer and the substrate which generally decreases the optical efficiency of the luminaire . | 5 |
Recent accumulation of a critical mass of observational material from different spacecraft complete with the enhanced abilities of numerical methods have led to a boom of studies revealing the high complexity of processes occurring in the heliosphere. Views on the solar wind filling the interplanetary medium have dramatically developed from the beginning of the space era. A 2-D picture of the freely expanding solar corona and non-interacting solar wind structures described as planar or spherically-symmetric objects has dominated for decades. Meanwhile, the scientific community gradually moved to a modern understanding of the importance of the 3-D nature of heliospheric processes and their studies via MHD/kinetic simulations, as well as observations of large-scale flows and streams both in situ and remotely, in white light and/or via interplanetary scintillations. The new 3-D approach has provided an opportunity to understand the dynamics of heliospheric structures and processes that could not even be imagined before within the 2-D paradigm. In this review, we highlight a piece of the puzzle, showing the evolution of views on processes related to current sheets, plasmoids, blobs and flux ropes of various scales and origins in the heliosphere. The first part of the review focuses on introducing these plasma structures, discussing their key properties, and paying special attention to their observations in different space plasmas. | 9 |
an apparatus , system , and method are disclosed for uninterrupted storage configuration . the apparatus for uninterrupted storage configuration is provided with a plurality of modules configured to functionally execute the steps of generating a temporary location for storage configuration information , saving the storage configuration information to the temporary location , and copying the storage configuration information from the temporary location to a storage medium in response to a determination that the storage medium is physically configurable . in one embodiment , these modules include an initialization module , a storage manager interface , and a storage medium interface . beneficially , such an apparatus , system , and method would streamline the configuration process , improving the efficiency of a typical storage manager , and allowing a storage system administrator to focus his attention on other tasks . | 6 |
a voltage controlled oscillator runs at full speed to generate an output frequency dependent on temperature and process variation . first and second clock signals are generated from the oscillator signal , while third and fourth clock signals are developed in response to an input clock signal . the number of clock signals occurring during a first state of the third clock signal are counted for providing a plurality of output signals also indicative of the temperature and process variation . the plurality of output signals compensate an input signal for the temperature and process variation for providing an output signal . | 7 |
a self - adaptive cement formulation includes cement , water and asphaltite - mineral particles . the set cement demonstrates self - healing properties when exposed to methane , and is particularly suited for well - cementing applications . after placement and curing , the self - healing properties help maintain zonal isolation should bonding be disrupted between the set cement and the formation or a casing string , should cracks or defects appear in the set - cement matrix , or both . | 2 |
this method consists essentially in manufacturing dripper units and attaching them longitudinally to a thread by positioning them at intervals along the latter . for this purpose , the thread is introduced into at least one notch of the dripper unit so as to clamp it . the width of the notch is less than the diameter of the thread . the thread fitted with dripper units is introduced into the tube while the latter is being formed in an extruder so as to draw the dripper units therein one after the other . the dripper units are then heat welded to the inner wall of the tube during its formation . the insertion of the thread into the notch is achieved via a wheel onto whose the edge it is guided . in this manner , the whole method can be implemented continuously without any intermittent operations . | 8 |
Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) are believed to provide the energy that prevents runaway cooling of gas in the cores of galaxy clusters. However, how this energy is transported and thermalized throughout the Intracluster Medium (ICM) remains unclear. In recent work, we showed that streaming cosmic rays (CRs) destabilize sound waves in dilute ICM plasmas. Here, we show that CR streaming in the presence of gravity also destabilizes a pressure-balanced wave. We term this new instability the CR buoyancy instability (CRBI). In stark contrast to standard results without CRs, the pressure-balanced mode is highly compressible at short wavelengths due to CR streaming. Maximal growth rates are of order (p<SUB>c</SUB>/p<SUB>g</SUB>)β<SUP>1/2</SUP>ω<SUB>ff</SUB>, where p<SUB>c</SUB>/p<SUB>g</SUB> is the ratio of CR pressure to thermal gas pressure, β is the ratio of thermal to magnetic pressure, and ω<SUB>ff</SUB> is the free-fall frequency. The CRBI operates alongside buoyancy instabilities driven by background heat fluxes, i.e. the heat-flux-driven buoyancy instability (HBI) and the magneto-thermal instability (MTI). When the thermal mean free path l<SUB>mfp</SUB> is ≪ the gas scale height H, the HBI/MTI set the growth rate on large scales, while the CRBI sets the growth rate on small scales. Conversely, when l<SUB>mfp</SUB> ~ H and (p<SUB>c</SUB>/p<SUB>g</SUB>)β<SUP>1/2</SUP> ≳ 1, CRBI growth rates exceed HBI/MTI growth rates even on large scales. Our results suggest that CR-driven instabilities may be partially responsible for the sound waves/weak shocks and turbulence observed in galaxy clusters. CR-driven instabilities generated near radio bubbles may also play an important role redistributing AGN energy throughout clusters. | 9 |
disclosed is a method and system for allowing a server system to control a video structure of a client system through a video of an optimized size and to transmit the controlled video structure in a system in which video conference is remotely available . the method includes a step of allowing a control unit of any one client system to request a main control unit of a server system to change the video structure which includes coordinates and video size ; and allowing the main control unit to make a change so as to coincide with the request of the control unit of the client system , which has requested the change of the video structure being currently outputted to a video conference monitor , and to transmit the change to a control unit of each client system . | 7 |
a method for isolation region fabrication for replacement gate integrated circuit processing includes forming a plurality of dummy gates on a substrate ; forming a block mask over the plurality of dummy gates , such that the block mask selectively exposes a dummy gate of the plurality of dummy gates ; removing the exposed dummy gate to form an isolation region recess corresponding to the removed dummy gate ; filling the isolation region recess with an insulating material to form an isolation region ; removing the block mask to expose a remaining plurality of dummy gates ; and performing replacement gate processing on the remaining plurality of dummy gates to form a plurality of active devices , wherein at least two of the plurality of active devices are electrically isolated from each other by the isolation region . | 7 |
electrical vacuum switch having two contact members carried by contact rods for moving the contact members in and out of engagement with each other , in which each contact rod is partly surrounded by a yoke of magnetic permeable material , closely adjacent each contact member , each yoke leaving a gap between the yoke legs , so that upon moving the contact members out of engagement , the magnetic flux lines , generated in each yoke by the current through the contact rods , will traverse the arcing gap between the contact members , towards the opposing yoke , resulting in a magnetic field in the arcing gap . | 7 |
a device that can be used to spread a thin , even coating of liquid material on a surface is provided . in one embodiment the device is adapted to be used to apply floor coating on a floor surface . the device is configured such that the applicator portion of the device applies a generally constant contact force on the surface , even when the force applied by the user on the tool varies . | 0 |
an i . v . administration set is provided with a flexible expansion section so as to accommodate an additional volume of liquid without the use of excessive lengths of tubing . the expansion section is in the form of pleated or corrugated tubing which , upon the introduction of liquid into an i . v . set such as by means of a hypodermic syringe , will accommodate an additional portion of liquid which is known in the i . v . administration art as a retrograde volume . | 0 |
systems , methods and apparatuses of present invention are directed to providing hosted services over a telecommunications network . in one embodiment , the system is comprised of a cloud enabling technology device and a hosted service provider . provisioning and management instructions for the cetd are maintained at the hosted service provider . the cetd may download the provisioning and management instructions , which may be used to control the transmission of voice data received at the cetd over a phone line . | 7 |
a digital power management system for an analog - to - digital converter operates to cause the sample rate of the analog - to - digital converter to function at an original desired frequency so long as changing input signals are present . whenever activity at the input of the analog - to - digital converter ceases to change , the system automatically decreases the clock signal sampling rate to a slower clock frequency , or shuts down the application of clock signals . this conserves power until a change in the analog input is detected , whereupon the system automatically increases the sample clock frequency back to the original frequency . | 8 |
an interface circuit for coupling the output of an integrated circuit designed for a relatively low supply voltage to a circuit designed to operate at a higher supply voltage employs a cascoded architecture and makes use of two purposely derived reference voltages . the circuit comprises a level rising stage , an output buffer stage , an overdrive stage for the pull - up device of the output buffer and a drain follower stage , the pull - up element of which is driven by a second output node of the level rising stage and the pull - down element of which is driven by the inverted input data stream . | 7 |
a bird feed tray has an integral , unitary body . the tray is separated into a plurality of segments by partitions and circumscribed by an outer wall or rim . each segment has dual surfaces which are sloped both downward toward the outer rim and inward to form a drain trough . the troughs terminate at the outer rim . a number of drain holes are provided adjacent to the outer rim . water which collects on the surface of the tray funnels down into the troughs , where it is discharged through the drain holes . | 0 |
a method for treating side effects of anticancer agent includes administering to a subject in need thereof a prophylactic and / or therapeutic agent containing a therapeutically effective amount of a compound shown by the following formula : r 1 — nhch 2 coch 2 ch 2 coor 2 wherein r 1 represents a hydrogen atom or an acyl group , and r 2 represents a hydrogen atom , a linear or branched alkyl group , a cycloalkyl group , an aryl group , or an aralkyl group , or a salt thereof . | 0 |
embodiments of the present invention include an in - floor fitting for providing access to an underfloor electric distribution system . the in - floor fitting includes a cover configured to move between open and closed positions and being moved to an open position to allow a cable to pass therethrough . the in - floor fitting includes a receptacle positioned below the cover and configured to operatively connect to a cable comprising at least one of an electrical cable and a communication cable , wherein the cover is substantially flush with a surface of a floor when the cable is operatively connected to the receptacle and the cover is in the closed position . | 7 |
a failure detection system for an air - to - fuel ratio control system includes a exhaust gas monitor positioned upstream of a catalytic converter for monitoring an emission content of exhaust gas based on which an air - to - fuel ratio is feedback controlled so as to be maintained at a desired ratio . the system has another exhaust gas monitor positioned downstream of the catalytic converter for monitoring an emission content of exhaust gas passed through the catalytic converter . functional failures of the exhaust gas monitor of the air - to - fuel ratio control system is judged to be present on the basis of detected emission contents only when a predetermined threshold amount of intake air is detected . | 5 |
a downhole filtration tool to remove sand and other solid particles from production fluid in a subterranean well . the downhole filtration tool includes a perforated mandrel surrounded by at least one filter element made of an open weave polymeric fiberglass material . in addition , the downhole filtration tool may include an additional screen or mesh installed in a separating annulus intermediate of the mandrel and the filter element to provide a filter having improved permeability and resistance to chemical and physical forces . | 4 |
a method and apparatus for image processing to detect changes in a scene includes compressing by computing a wavelet transform of an image corresponding to the scene , thresholding coefficients associated with the transform , and comparing a subset of coefficients with values to detect and indicate a change in the image . values such as averages and a standard deviation therefrom can be generated during training by processing n training images . determining whether a change has occurred includes determining the value of image sets , standard deviation and training sets , and comparing these , based on the type of change to be ascertained , to statistical information . | 6 |
a cross flow heat exchanger is provided comprising a longitudinal duct housing and a heat exchange element positioned offset and diagonally in two planes therein . this design permits air to be introduced to the heat exchanger element through a tapered converging plenum , so that air is efficiently introduced into the said heat exchanger element , and to exit said heat exchanger element through a diverging reverse tapered plenum . | 8 |
a switching control circuit comprises : an error amplifying circuit configured to output an error voltage obtained by amplifying an error between a feedback voltage corresponding to an output voltage and a lower voltage selected out of a first reference voltage increasing with time passage and a second reference voltage used as a reference for a target level ; a comparison circuit configured to output a comparison signal obtained by comparing the feedback voltage with the error voltage output from the error amplifying circuit ; and a drive circuit configured to output first and second control signals for controlling first and second transistors , respectively , in order to turn the output voltage to the target level by complementarily turning on and off the first and second transistors , after the error voltage exceeds the feedback voltage , based on the comparison signal output from the comparison circuit . | 8 |
a vacuum vapor liquid recovery system employs a strong vacuum vessel that can withstand vacuums without damage . the vacuum vessel may be portable and configured to accept an inflow drain line for receiving waste liquid / vapors from a processing system . additionally , at least one outflow drain line is attached to the vacuum vessel to which a vacuum truck or other similar recovery equipment can be connected in order to pump out whatever liquids / vapors have been drained into the vacuum vapor liquid recovery system . additional features can include wheels to assist in moving and positioning the vacuum vapor liquid recovery system , tow bar , transport handles , support legs , sight port , a wash out connector , a vacuum relief , etc . | 1 |
a method and apparatus for maintaining data consistency between a subject and an observer . in one embodiment , an observer configures an aspect with a desired update type indicator , and then instructs the aspect to attach itself to a subject . the subject sends an update to the aspect when it changes state . the aspect interrogates the update , generates a update type indication , and selectively communicates an update based on a comparison between the desired type indication and the update type indicator . some embodiments may also selectively modify and accumulate the update . | 6 |
a support structure component is provided for a motor vehicle body and to a correspondingly configured motor vehicle body . the support structure component includes , but is not limited to a support element and a plastic fastening structure arranged thereon , which includes , but is not limited to a fastening element for fastening a motor vehicle component . | 8 |
this invention relates to a tool device . in the first embodiment , the device comprises a body defining a grip - like , handle , a tool holder joined to the body , a piston and valve assembly disposed in the body adjacent one end thereof , a conduit extending from the valve , a piston slideably disposed on the conduit , as well as means for supplying the device with a fluid under pressure . by the use of the first embodiment of the present invention , the piston is caused to reciprocate in the body thereby producing a hammer - like action . in the second embodiment of the invention , a similar tool handle is used in combination with a tool holder and motor assembly . the assembly includes means for selectively joining a tool to the assembly , and a rotary motor means having a plurality of radially disposed movable vane members , as well as means for introducing and removing a fluid from the motor . by the use of the second embodiment of the present invention , rotary action such as that associated with a rotary sander can be achieved . | 5 |
in one embodiment , the present invention includes a double gate transistor having a silicon fin formed on a buried oxide layer and first and second insulation layers formed on a portion of the silicon fin , where at least the second insulation layer has a pair of portions extending onto respective first and second portions of the silicon fin to each act as a self - aligned spacer structure . other embodiments are described and claimed . | 7 |
improved low - cost , highly reliable methods for increasing the electrochemical surface area of neural electrodes are described . a mono - layer of polymeric nanospheres is first deposited on a metallization supported on a dielectric substrate . the nanospheres self - assemble into generally repeating lattice forms with interstitial space between them . then , the geometric surface area of the metallization material is increased by either selectively etching part - way into its depth at the interstitial space between adjacent nanospheres . another technique is to deposit addition metallization material into the interstitial space . the result is undulation surface features provided on the exposed surface of the metallization . this helps improve the electrochemical surface area when the treated metallizations are fabricated into electrodes . | 0 |
the present invention relates to a process for preparing a low boiling monoisocyanate having a boiling point of between 70 and 320 ° c . at standard pressure by reacting a ) a high boiling isocyanate compound having a boiling point of at least 180 ° c . at standard pressure and an hc content of at least 50 ppm with b ) a monoamine having a primary amino group , at a maximum reaction temperature of 180 ° c . and a molar ratio of isocyanate groups to amino groups of at least 4 : 1 to form a compound containing a biuret / urea group , simultaneously thermally decomposing this compound in situ to form a monoisocyanate corresponding to monoamine b ) and removing the monoisocyanate by distillation , optionally under vacuum . | 2 |
the present invention relates to means for feeding blanks into the thread rolling part of a thread rolling machine in accurate timing and accurate position . a transport screw for transporting blanks e . g . in a thread rolling machine is disclosed , said transport screw comprises a transport helix for transporting a blank along said transport screw when said transport screw rotates , said transport screw further comprises a feeding area being a widening of said transport helix , whereby said feeding area can receive and feed said blank into said transport helix upon rotation of said transport screw . further , a method of feeding blanks into a transport screw and a feeding system comprising a transport screw , a blank height adjustment mechanism and a blank alignment mechanism are disclosed . | 8 |
a search query may be run against a plurality of container registers encapsulated and logically defined in a plurality of containers to identify one or more container registers responsive to the search query . thereafter , a list characterizing the identified containers may be provided . related methods , apparatus , computer program products , and computer systems are also described . | 6 |
the present application discloses a method for manufacturing a semiconductor structure , comprising the steps of : a ) providing a p - type field effect transistor ; b ) forming a tensile - stressed layer on the p - type field effect transistor ; c ) removing a portion of the tensile - stressed layer , so that the remaining portion of the tensile - stressed layer generates compressive stress in the channel of the p - type field effect transistor ; and d ) performing annealing , so as to achieve the object of memorizing compressive stress in a channel of a transistor and improving the performance of the transistor . the method according to the present invention memorizes the compressive stress in the channel of the transistor by a stress memorization technique , increases mobility of holes , and improves overall performance of the semiconductor structure . | 7 |
a process for aligning a layer of a liquid - crystalline , polymeric material in which a gas or liquid stream is passed over the liquid - crystalline , polymeric material , preferably for aligning main - chain polymers which have a nematic phase by passing a hot stream of air onto the material . electrooptical displays which contain an alignment layer of this type have high contrast . the alignment layers have advantages over conventional rubbed alignment layers since , for example , no electrostatic charging takes place . | 8 |
an apparatus for playing media includes a network transceiver for communicating with a remote control device and a server . the apparatus provides a device identifier to the remote control device , receives a playlist from the device , sends a media item identifier to a server , and receives a media item from the server . in some embodiments the apparatus is a standalone speaker device , the remote control is a touchscreen cellular phone , and the media item is an audio item . in other embodiments the apparatus is a television . in some embodiments the server comprises a playlist server and a content server . after joining a local network , the remote control is operable to control the apparatus without direct input at the device . in some embodiments the apparatus receives the media item from the content server . in other embodiments the media item flows through the remote control . | 7 |
a method of welding porous tube ends onto a tube sheet is disclosed , wherein tube ends projecting over the tube sheet are fused into a melt . part of the melt is conducted to the outside in a radial direction , so that it lies on the end face of the tube sheet . melt and tube sheet are then welded together . the tube end is preferably cooled from the inside by a metal pin is inserted into the tube end . | 1 |
the decoy system , notably for terrestrial mines or improvised explosive devices , includes : a means of producing heat energy including an air or water boiler , a means of emitting radiation in the infrared spectrum including a chamber that is fed with fluid by the production means , the chamber being provided with internal fins able to promote a build - up of heat energy inside said chamber , at least one detection means for determining the temperature of the chamber or the temperature of the fluid between the production means and the emission means , and a control unit able to control the operation of the heat energy production means at least according to the determined temperature . | 5 |
a methodology and apparatus for cutting shape or profile through well tubular , or for completely circumferentially severing through multiple tubulars , including all tubing , pipe , casing , liners , cement , other material encountered in tubular annuli . this rigless apparatus utilizes a computer - controlled , downhole robotic three - axis rotary mill to effectively generate a shape or profile through , or to completely sever in a 360 degree horizontal plane wells with multiple , nested strings of tubulars whether the tubulars are concentrically aligned or eccentrically aligned . this is useful for well abandonment and decommissioning where complete severance is necessitated and explosives are prohibited , or in situations requiring a precise window or other shape to be cut through a single tubular or plurality of tubulars . | 4 |
The Athena X-ray Integral Unit (X-IFU) is the high resolution X-ray spectrometer studied since 2015 for flying in the mid-30s on the Athena space X-ray Observatory. Athena is a versatile observatory designed to address the Hot and Energetic Universe science theme, as selected in November 2013 by the Survey Science Committee. Based on a large format array of Transition Edge Sensors (TES), X-IFU aims to provide spatially resolved X-ray spectroscopy, with a spectral resolution of 2.5 eV (up to 7 keV) over a hexagonal field of view of 5 arc minutes (equivalent diameter). The X-IFU entered its System Requirement Review (SRR) in June 2022, at about the same time when ESA called for an overall X-IFU redesign (including the X-IFU cryostat and the cooling chain), due to an unanticipated cost overrun of Athena. In this paper, after illustrating the breakthrough capabilities of the X-IFU, we describe the instrument as presented at its SRR (i.e. in the course of its preliminary definition phase, so-called B1), browsing through all the subsystems and associated requirements. We then show the instrument budgets, with a particular emphasis on the anticipated budgets of some of its key performance parameters, such as the instrument efficiency, spectral resolution, energy scale knowledge, count rate capability, non X-ray background and target of opportunity efficiency. Finally, we briefly discuss the ongoing key technology demonstration activities, the calibration and the activities foreseen in the X-IFU Instrument Science Center, touch on communication and outreach activities, the consortium organisation and the life cycle assessment of X-IFU aiming at minimising the environmental footprint, associated with the development of the instrument. Thanks to the studies conducted so far on X-IFU, it is expected that along the design-to-cost exercise requested by ESA, the X-IFU will maintain flagship capabilities in spatially resolved high resolution X-ray spectroscopy, enabling most of the original X-IFU related scientific objectives of the Athena mission to be retained. The X-IFU will be provided by an international consortium led by France, The Netherlands and Italy, with ESA member state contributions from Belgium, Czech Republic, Finland, Germany, Poland, Spain, Switzerland, with additional contributions from the United States and Japan. | 9 |
a micromirror array lens includes a plurality of micromirrors , and reproduces a predetermined free surface by controlling rotation and / or translation of the micromirrors . the micromirror is controlled by control circuitry , upheld by a mechanical structure , and includes a reflective surface . the predetermined free surface of the lens is changed by controlling rotation and / or translation of the micromirrors . the micromirrors are arranged in one or more concentric circles to form the lens . the micromirror has a fan shape , a hexagonal shape , a rectangular shape , a square shape , or a triangle shape . the reflective surface of the micromirror is substantially flat . the control circuitry is constructed under the micromirrors by using semiconductor microelectronics technologies . the micromirrors are actuated by electrostatic and / or electromagnetic force . the reflective surface of the micromirror is made of materials with high reflectivity . the lens is used for an imaging apparatus , video monitoring camera , a camcorder , etc . | 6 |
the present invention relates generally to the use of radiofrequency energy to heat heavy crude oil or both heavy crude oil and subsurface water in situ , thereby enhancing the recovery and handling of such oil . the present invention further relates to methods for applying radiofrequency energy to heavy oils in the reservoir to promote in situ upgrading to facilitate recovery . this invention also relates to systems to apply radiofrequency energy to heavy oils in situ . | 4 |
the present document relates to a pre - charge circuit of electronic circuits having miller compensation and significant output capacitance such as ldos or multistage amplifiers . the pre - charge circuit limits an inrush current right after enabling of the electronic circuit . the pre - charge circuit limits and clamps the fast charging of the miller capacitor . a delay circuit disables the pre - charge circuit when the bias conditions of the miller capacitor are close to normal bias conditions . | 6 |
We report the discovery of a radio relic in the north-eastern periphery of the galaxy cluster Abell 2108 (A2108). A2108 is part of the uGMRT LOw-MAss Galaxy Cluster Survey (GLOMACS), where our main aim is to search for diffuse radio emission signatures in very sparsely explored low-mass galaxy clusters using uGMRT band-3 (central frequency 400 MHz). We used our uGMRT band-3 observations along with the existing archival band-3 uGMRT data to improve image sensitivity. Along with the previously reported south-western relic, the discovery of the new relic makes A2108 one of the few low-mass clusters hosting a double relic. The new relic spans over a region of 610 kpc × 310 kpc and, interestingly, differs considerably in size and morphology from the other relic. Using XMM-Newton science archive data, we also report the tentative detection of a mildly supersonic shock of Mach number $\mathcal {M}_\mathrm{SB}=1.42$ and $\mathcal {M}_\mathrm{T} = 1.43$ from the surface brightness and temperature discontinuities, respectively, near this newly found relic. Both the relics in A2108 are found to be significantly under-luminous compared with other double-relic systems in the mass-luminosity plane. Moreover, the north-eastern relic is remarkably under-luminous in the size-luminosity plane. Although mild supersonic shocks resulting from an off-axis merger could have influenced the origin of both relics, we hypothesize that local environments have played a crucial role in shaping their morphologies. | 9 |
an electron microscope includes an electron gun for generating an electron beam , an accelerator for accelerating the electron beam to apply the electron beam to a sample , a spectroscope for selecting electrons having a specific energy out of the electron beam transmitted through the sample and losing an energy by an interaction with the sample , and a detector for detecting the electrons of the specific energy selected by the spectroscope and giving a transmission signal or a diffraction signal at a depth of the sample corresponding to a lost energy quantity of the electrons . | 7 |
a machine controller includes a memory and a processor configured for operating a machine control for automatically controlling apparatus for performing a machining process on a workpiece at least partially as a function of data relating to a parameter of the workpiece , and a gage control for automatically controlling gaging apparatus for collecting and processing the data relating to the parameter of the workpiece and storing the data in the memory . at least a portion of the memory in which the data relating to the parameter of the workpiece is stored , is configured as a shared memory so as to allow the machine control to immediately retrieve and use the stored data relating to the parameter of the workpiece . the controller has particular utility for use in controlling a honing process and a gaging process , which can be in - process or post - process , and which can be used for bore sizing and other parameters . | 6 |
We present Searches After Gravitational-waves Using ARizona Observatories (SAGUARO), a comprehensive effort dedicated to the discovery and characterization of optical counterparts to gravitational-wave (GW) events. SAGUARO utilizes ground-based facilities ranging from 1.5 to 10 m in diameter, located primarily in the Northern Hemisphere. We provide an overview of SAGUARO’s telescopic resources, its pipeline for transient detection, and its database for candidate visualization. We describe SAGUARO’s discovery component, which utilizes the 5 deg<SUP>2</SUP> field of view optical imager on the Mt. Lemmon 1.5 m telescope, reaching limits of ≈21.3 AB mag while rapidly tiling large areas. We also describe the follow-up component of SAGUARO, used for rapid vetting and monitoring of optical candidates. With the onset of Advanced LIGO/Virgo’s third observing run, we present results from the first three SAGUARO searches following the GW events S190408an, S190425z and S190426c, which serve as a valuable proof-of-concept of SAGUARO. We triggered and searched 15, 60, and 60 deg<SUP>2</SUP> respectively, 17.6, 1.4, and 41.8 hr after the initial GW alerts. We covered 7.8%, 3.0%, and 5.1% of the total probability within the GW event localizations, reaching 3σ limits of 19.8, 21.3, and 20.8 AB mag, respectively. Although no viable counterparts associated with these events were found, we recovered six known transients and ruled out five potential candidates. We also present Large Binocular Telescope spectroscopy of PS19eq/SN2019ebq, a promising kilonova candidate that was later determined to be a supernova. With the ability to tile large areas and conduct detailed follow-up, SAGUARO represents a significant addition to GW counterpart searches. | 9 |
a ghost removing device for a marking apparatus includes a photoreceptor , a primary charging device , an erase light generating device to generate an erase light when activated , a voltage source to supply a charge voltage to the primary charging device , and a controller configured to control the at least one voltage source to supply the charge voltage to the primary charging device and to activate the erase light generating device substantially simulataneously after transfer of a toned image within a marking cycle . a ghost removing method for a marking device with a photoreceptor , including performing a partial print cycle , applying an erase light to the photoreceptor , and applying a charge voltage to the photoreceptor , wherein the erase light and the charge voltage are applied to the photoreceptor substantially simultaneously after completion of the partial cycle . | 6 |
a floor section assembly having a post anchor built into one of the floor panels for use with portable sectionalized flooring suitable for a volleyball court or the like is disclosed . the post anchor includes a base assembly attached to the undersurface of one of the panels and is coupled to a plurality of adjacent panels by tubes attached to the undersurface of the panels and coupled together by a rigid member extending through aligned tubes . this structure provides a broad base of support for the post carrying a volleyball net which can absorb moments placed on the post without the need for connecting the post to the base on which the flooring is assembled . | 4 |
several methods are disclosed for forming an air gap between crossing thin film conductors utilized to interconnect electronic components on a substrate . each of the methods involves the use of photolithographic techniques to form overpassing conductors on a support material covering the overpassed conductors , followed by removal of the support material . both deposition and plating techniques are described for forming the overpassing conductors . | 7 |
series , combination of series and method to produce sports shoes of different size , in which each sports shoe of different size comprises a casing substantially rigid and defining an internal compartment for containing the user &# 39 ; s foot , a sole associated below the casing and an inner boot disposed in the internal compartment , in order to make putting the foot into the casing more comfortable . the sole has always the same length for all the sports shoes , and the casing has a different size to each other so as to define , on each occasion , an internal compartment with a different volume for each of the sports shoes of different size , so as to cover a plurality of foot sizes , within a determinate range , keeping the length of the sole always the same . | 0 |
conflicts are resolved between competing nodes in a multi - node communications network . after a first node in the network requests an initiation of communications with a target node , the requesting node may simply initiate the requested communications with the target node if the target node is not busy . if the first node determines that the target node is busy , it proceeds to resolve the conflict . namely , the first node repeats the process of waiting for a first delay then requesting initiation of communications with the target node . after each unsuccessful attempt , the first delay is successively increased . as an example , the delay may be increased exponentially , with a controlled randomness added . after a or more queued messages to other nodes . following this , the first node performs another sequence to initiate communications with the target node , successively increasing the delay between unsuccessful attempts , as before . after a predetermined number of unsuccessful passes through the foregoing routine , the first node proceeds to take appropriate action , such as initiating an error recovery routine , sending the message via different hardware components , or issuing an error message . | 7 |
a package for alternatively displaying and enclosing an article such as a wristwatch . the package includes a base , an article holder slidably and removably positioned in the base , and a cover adapted for alternate disposition with respect to the base so as to alternatively provide for relatively open display and for substantially complete enclosure of the article . the package in its enclosure mode can be utilized as a shipping container . in its display mode , the package is utilized to display the article to prospective purchasers and in this mode the relationship of the cover to the base provides a stop means whereby the slidable removal of the article holder , and accordingly the article , to those unfamiliar with the operational manner of the package is prevented , and accordingly provides a measure of security for the retailer using this package . | 0 |
The ice giants Uranus and Neptune are the least understood class of planets in our solar system but the most frequently observed type of exoplanets. Presumed to have a small rocky core, a deep interior comprising ∼70% heavy elements surrounded by a more dilute outer envelope of H<SUB>2</SUB> and He, Uranus and Neptune are fundamentally different from the better-explored gas giants Jupiter and Saturn. Because of the lack of dedicated exploration missions, our knowledge of the composition and atmospheric processes of these distant worlds is primarily derived from remote sensing from Earth-based observatories and space telescopes. As a result, Uranus's and Neptune's physical and atmospheric properties remain poorly constrained and their roles in the evolution of the Solar System not well understood. Exploration of an ice giant system is therefore a high-priority science objective as these systems (including the magnetosphere, satellites, rings, atmosphere, and interior) challenge our understanding of planetary formation and evolution. Here we describe the main scientific goals to be addressed by a future in situ exploration of an ice giant. An atmospheric entry probe targeting the 10-bar level, about 5 scale heights beneath the tropopause, would yield insight into two broad themes: i) the formation history of the ice giants and, in a broader extent, that of the Solar System, and ii) the processes at play in planetary atmospheres. The probe would descend under parachute to measure composition, structure, and dynamics, with data returned to Earth using a Carrier Relay Spacecraft as a relay station. In addition, possible mission concepts and partnerships are presented, and a strawman ice-giant probe payload is described. An ice-giant atmospheric probe could represent a significant ESA contribution to a future NASA ice-giant flagship mission. | 9 |
a light beam is cyclically deflected by a rotating light deflector to scan an object such as an information storage medium . the scanning beam is detected by a light sensor located outside of the scanning region for synchronizing primary scanning . a plurality of n clock signals c 1 through c n are successively generated by the delay element from an image scanning clock signal and a reference clock signal having the same frequency as that of the image scanning clock signal . one of the clock signals c 1 through c n is selected as the image scanning clock signal dependent on the output signal from the light sensor . dependent on the tap - to - tap delay error of the delay element : ± α %, the maximum error of an image scanning position : 1 / n pixel , and the period of the image scanning clock signal : t 0 , δt 0 which meets a prescribed condition is selected as a tap - to - tap delay time of the delay element . | 7 |
a textile article having flame resistant properties includes a plurality of inherently flame resistant polyester fibers formed into a fabric , and a finish on the fabric including a cyclic phosphonate flame retardant . the finish imparts a property selected from the group consisting of : a molecularly bound antimicrobial agent which is an organosilane , a fluorochemical soil and fluid repellant , and the finished textile article has a flame resistance that passes the standard method nfpa 701 — 1996 edition testing protocol . | 8 |
in a yarn inspection system for detecting variations in yarn diameter wherein a plurality of yarns move past a plurality of transducers for generating electrical signal outputs corresponding to yarn diameter and including discriminator circuitry sequentially connected to each of the transducers for processing the signal outputs , a self calibrating circuit arrangement has been devised to compensate for normal variations in the output of individual transducers due to different characteristics among the separate transducers . | 6 |
an arrowhead construction is set forth wherein a primary arrow is formed with a replaceable secondary arrow received within a slot of the primary arrow , and wherein the aforenoted assembly is received within a slotted ferrule . the ferrule is threadedly mounted and received within an insert positioned within an arrow shaft . | 5 |
aspects of the present invention relate to the scheduling of resources in a telecommunication system that includes a mobile terminal and base station . in one embodiment , the mobile terminal sends an initial scheduling request to a base station . subsequently , the mobile terminal does not transmit a scheduling request to the base station unless and until a scheduling request triggering event is detected . | 7 |
Observational studies have revealed that galaxy pairs tend to have lower gas-phase metallicity than isolated galaxies. This metallicity deficiency can be caused by inflows of low-metallicity gas due to the tidal forces and gravitational torques associated with galaxy mergers, diluting the metal content of the central region. In this work we demonstrate that such metallicity dilution occurs in state-of-the-art cosmological simulations of galaxy formation. We find that the dilution is typically 0.1 dex for major mergers, and is noticeable at projected separations smaller than 40 kpc. For minor mergers the metallicity dilution is still present, even though the amplitude is significantly smaller. Consistent with previous analysis of observed galaxies we find that mergers are outliers from the fundamental metallicity relation, with deviations being larger than expected for a Gaussian distribution of residuals. Our large sample of mergers within full cosmological simulations also makes it possible to estimate how the star formation rate enhancement and gas consumption timescale behave as a function of the merger mass ratio. We confirm that strong starbursts are likely to occur in major mergers, but they can also arise in minor mergers if more than two galaxies are participating in the interaction, a scenario that has largely been ignored in previous work based on idealised isolated merger simulations. | 9 |
We have searched for close stellar encounters with the Solar System using data from the Gaia DR3 catalogue. We have considered 31 stars with an encounter parameter $d_min<1$ pc. Among them 15 stars act as candidates for close encounters for the first time. The status of the stars GJ 710 and HD 7977 as candidates for deep penetration into the inner Oort cloud has been confirmed. In particular, we have obtained the following estimates of the encounter parameters for GJ 710 and HD 7977, respectively: $t_min=1.324± 0.026$ Myr and $d_min=0.052± 0.002$ pc, $t_min={-}2.830± 0.025$ Myr and $d_min=0.071± 0.027$ pc. Of greatest interest among the newly revealed candidates is the white dwarf WD 0810-353 for which the following encounter parameters have been found: $t_min=0.029± 0.001$ Myr and $d_min=0.150± 0.003$ pc. | 9 |
a vacuum processing apparatus includes vacuum processing chambers for subjecting a sample to vacuum processing , a vacuum carriage , a switchable chamber , a cassette support for supporting a plurality of cassettes capable of housing samples , and a waiting cassette support for supporting a waiting cassette that differs from the cassettes supported on the cassette support and capable of having a number of samples . an atmospheric carriage enables carrying a sample among a given cassette of the plurality of cassettes or the waiting cassette . a controller effects control for carrying unprocessed and processed samples among the given cassette , the waiting cassette and the vacuum processing chamber , so that a mixture of both processed and unprocessed samples does not exist in the given cassette or the waiting cassette . | 8 |
a non - transitory computer readable recording medium storing therein a communication program , the communication program relaying communication from an application operating on a terminal to a communication destination and causing a computer to execute a process , the process including : switching a communication protocol for the communication from a first protocol to a delay / disruption tolerant networking protocol , in accordance with a connection condition with the communication destination for the communication ; and notifying the terminal of a failure of a specific communication in cases when the specific communication has been notified to the application as completed and the specific communication in the dtn protocol results in failure . | 7 |
in a radiation coagulator having an electric incandescent lamp , in particular a tungsten - halogen low - voltage lamp , as radiation source , and a tissue contact element of a crystalline dielectric material transmissive to the radiation , forming a contact surface to be pressed against living body tissue , the temperature conductivity , the heat capacity of the contact element , possibly in combination with a heat sink attached thereto , is so great that the heat generated in the tissue in contact with said surface is derived in substantial measure from the tissue contact element . this prevents an over - rapid and over - intense temperature rise at the surface of the tissue , leading to a considerable improvement in coagulability , especially for severe parenchymatous hemorrhages , and to lessened adhesion to the contact surface , and permitting a gentle coagulation , extending into depth if desired . besides , the tissue contact element is free from any exposed sharp edges that might cut into the tissue and injure it or cause an excessive concentration of radiation . a preferred material for the tissue contact element is monocrystalline sapphire ; other suitable materials are beryllium or magnesium oxide , or monocrystalline quartz . | 0 |
Recently the number of main-sequence and subgiant stars exhibiting solar-like oscillations that are resolved into individual mode frequencies has increased dramatically. While only a few such data sets were available for detailed modeling just a decade ago, the Kepler mission has produced suitable observations for hundreds of new targets. This rapid expansion in observational capacity has been accompanied by a shift in analysis and modeling strategies to yield uniform sets of derived stellar properties more quickly and easily. We use previously published asteroseismic and spectroscopic data sets to provide a uniform analysis of 42 solar-type Kepler targets from the Asteroseismic Modeling Portal. We find that fitting the individual frequencies typically doubles the precision of the asteroseismic radius, mass, and age compared to grid-based modeling of the global oscillation properties, and improves the precision of the radius and mass by about a factor of three over empirical scaling relations. We demonstrate the utility of the derived properties with several applications. | 9 |
the attachment provides an overhandle , which overlies the handle of the torch , thereby creating a tapering space . the welder places the first web area of the hand into the space , whereupon the connection between the hand and the torch is made more secure . the welder can manipulate the torch , without the need to exert a constant tight gripping force on the torch . the attachment includes side - cheeks which provide even more of a constraining connection between the hand and the torch . the attachment is adjustable as to position and angle with respect to the torch . | 1 |
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