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not only a thermal donor that exists in the state presented immediately after the crystal growth but also a fine oxide precipitate , a point defect cluster or the like can be erased during the process of making a semiconductor wafer . during the slicing process of a semiconductor ingot to the rinsing process after the semiconductor wafer had been polished , preferably , after a damage caused by the lapping work or impurity had been removed by the etching work and before the semiconductor wafer is polished in the final polishing process , the semiconductor wafer is subjected to a heat treatment in a gas ambient containing hydrogen at a temperature higher than 500 ° c ., preferably at a temperature ranging from 900 ° c . to 1250 ° so that defects can be decomposed . | 7 |
a very long instruction word architecture and method provide for functionally expanding a parcel . the instruction register of the vliw architecture is divided into a plurality of parcels , each of which has corresponding processing logic . the processing logic performs various functions based on the data within the corresponding parcel . a single parcel , however , can only specify a limited number of functions or include a limited amount of data for processing such that the level of optimization for a given vliw may be impeded . the selector logic and processing logic , however , allow for data from a non - corresponding parcel to be selected and processed . in this manner , the functions and / or amount of data for processing in a single parcel can be expanded by using data from a non - corresponding parcel . | 6 |
the invention provides a sewing machine with uncurling device comprising a separating plate and a suction tube , the separating plate is placed in front of the needle drop point and it separates upper and lower fabrics fed to a needle drop point with their respective edge hems overlapped , and the suction tube has an air - intake with its size covering across upper and lower surfaces of the separating plate and it straightens curls at separated edge hems of the both fabrics by air flow sucked into the suction tube through the air - intake . as the overlapped edge hems of the both fabrics are fed into the needle drop point , the curls at the edge hems are reliably straightened regardless of the shape thereof . therefore , it eliminates troublesome manual labor for straightening the curls before feeding of the fabrics . | 3 |
there is disclosed a data processor comprising : 1 ) an instruction execution pipeline comprising n processing stages for executing a load instruction ; 2 ) a status register for storing a modifiable configuration value , the modifiable configuration value having a first value indicating the data processor is capable of executing a misaligned access handling routine and a second value indicating the data processor is not capable of executing a misaligned access handling routine ; 3 ) a misalignment detection circuit for determining if the load instruction performs a misaligned access to a target address of the load instruction and , in response to a determination that the load instruction does perform a misaligned access , generating a misalignment flag ; and 4 ) exception control circuitry capable of detecting the misalignment flag and in response thereto determining if the modifiable configuration value is equal to the first value . | 6 |
a method and apparatus for determining the service life of a cyclic system the method including the steps of determining at least one characteristic of the system to determine a characteristic value and determining a cycle time of the system . the at least characteristic value is applied to an algorithm in which the characterisitic value is integrated to determine a diagnostic value , and comparing the diagnostic value to a predetermined value to determine the performance status of the system . the apparatus including a sensor for determining a system characteristic and a calculating unit operatively connected to the sensor . the calculating unit including circuitry for performing a mathematical integration on the system characteristic to determine a diagnostic value and comparing the diagnostic valve to a predetermined value to determine the performance status of the system . a notification device operatively connected to the calculating unit for indicating the operational status of the system . | 5 |
a plurality of corona - treated polymeric films , and metal foils or sheets , are alternately arranged and laminated together to form a laminate suitable for e . g . insulating panels . construction of this absolute or near - absolute barrier can be simultaneous or sequential . the metal foils may be of the same type , or may differ . aluminum and steel are preferred metal foils . at sufficient thicknesses , the sheet can be stamped or shaped . both outermost surfaces of the laminate can comprise polymeric film , or both surfaces can comprise metal foils . alternatively , one outer surface can be a polymeric film and the other outer surface can be a metal foil . | 1 |
a structural wing - fuselage component for connecting two aerofoils to a fuselage section of an aircraft includes : a first wing shell component for the first wing and a second wing shell component for the second wing , with each component being made in a single piece and comprising a shell component on the wing side and a shell component on the fuselage side , where each shell component on the fuselage side comprises coupling parts and recesses in each case situated between the coupling parts , where in the installed state the coupling parts and the recesses of the shell component on the fuselage side for the first wing and of the shell component on the fuselage side for the second wing interlock , and where at least two coupling parts at their ends pointing away from the shell component on the wing side each comprises an extension part , a partially cylindrical fuselage shell component whose supporting rims include recesses which are engaged by the extension parts of the first wing shell components . | 1 |
a low - e housewrap having improved energy efficiency protection against air infiltration and moisture build - up in buildings . the aforementioned low - e housewrap material utilizing existing framing openings or without increasing the wall profile of a building . the present invention provides a low - e housewrap material which may be implemented on traditional 2 × 4 framing having r - 15 mass insulation material within existing or newly constructed framing cavities . the material of the present invention also meets requirements for serving as a water resistive barrier as defined by icc ac38 . | 8 |
an antifuse redundancy circuit operates with transparency to external circuitry and users . in one embodiment , an antifuse redundancy circuit incorporates two antifuses rather than one . the circuit is arranged so that both antifuses may be simultaneously programmed and read . if a single antifuse is programmed without programming the other antifuse , the antifuse redundancy circuit will register a programmed antifuse . additionally , if a single programmed antifuse is unintentionally deprogrammed after both antifuses in the redundancy circuit have been programmed , the antifuse redundancy circuit will continue to register a programmed antifuse . the result is both an increase in manufacturing yield and an increase in the reliability of integrated circuits utilizing antifuses . | 6 |
We investigate the roles of two classes of quenching mechanisms for central and satellite galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (z < 0.075): those involving the halo and those involving the formation of a compact centre. For central galaxies with inner compactness Σ<SUB>1 kpc</SUB> ∼ 10<SUP>9-9.4</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB> kpc<SUP>-2</SUP>, the quenched fraction f<SUB>q</SUB> is strongly correlated with Σ<SUB>1 kpc</SUB> with only weak halo mass M<SUB>h</SUB> dependence. However, at higher and lower Σ<SUB>1 kpc</SUB>, specific star formation rate (sSFR) is a strong function of M<SUB>h</SUB> and mostly independent of Σ<SUB>1 kpc</SUB>. In other words, Σ<SUB>1 kpc</SUB> ∼ 10<SUP>9-9.4</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB> kpc<SUP>-2</SUP> divides galaxies into those with high sSFR below and low sSFR above this range. In both the upper and lower regimes, increasing M<SUB>h</SUB> shifts the entire sSFR distribution to lower sSFR without a qualitative change in shape. This is true even at fixed M<SUB>*</SUB>, but varying M<SUB>*</SUB> at fixed M<SUB>h</SUB> adds no quenching information. Most of the quenched centrals with M<SUB>h</SUB> > 10<SUP>11.8</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB> are dense (Σ<SUB>1 kpc</SUB> > 10<SUP>9</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB> kpc<SUP>-2</SUP>), suggesting compaction-related quenching maintained by halo-related quenching. However, 21 per cent are diffuse, indicating only halo quenching. For satellite galaxies in the outskirts of haloes, quenching is a strong function of compactness and a weak function of host M<SUB>h</SUB>. In the inner halo, M<SUB>h</SUB> dominates quenching, with ∼90 per cent of the satellites being quenched once M<SUB>h</SUB> > 10<SUP>13</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB>. This regional effect is greatest for the least massive satellites. As demonstrated via semi-analytic modelling with simple prescriptions for quenching, the observed correlations can be explained if quenching due to central compactness is rapid while quenching due to halo mass is slow. | 9 |
a driving method for flat panel display device , capable of lowering a peak current which is generated in driving a flat field emission display , supplies a data pulse to a data line and supplies a scan pulse to a scan line , being synchronized with the data line , and the method is conducted by supplying a data pulse having a predetermined tilt to the data line or supplying a scan pulse having a predetermined tilt to the scan line . | 6 |
an object of the present invention is to improve operability . stoppers are detachably mounted in a lower mold of a mold . nuts are screwed down onto the stoppers while being held upside down . after the mold is closed in this state and molten resin is filled into a cavity and solidified therein , the mold is opened . the stoppers are separated from the lower mold as the mold is opened . when the stoppers are separated from the nuts thereafter , a casing 10 having no pin withdrawal hole can be obtained . accordingly , it is not necessary to apply potting or the like to close the pin withdrawal hole . | 1 |
there is disclosed an initial identification of an n - terminally truncated her - 2 / neu product . this product is a 95 kda polypeptide having in vitro kinase activity . moreover , immunoprecipitations using domain specific antibodies was able to utilize this specific polypeptide from intracellular fragments as a diagnostic and prognostic indicator of adenomacarcinomas without the severe dilution effects encountered by measuring ecd . | 6 |
The secular evolution of an infinitely thin tepid isolated galactic disc made of a finite number of particles is investigated using the inhomogeneous Balescu-Lenard equation expressed in terms of angle-action variables. The matrix method is implemented numerically in order to model the induced gravitational polarisation. Special care is taken to account for the amplification of potential fluctuations of mutually resonant orbits and the unwinding of the induced swing amplified transients. Quantitative comparisons with N-body simulations yield consistent scalings with the number of particles and with the self-gravity of the disc: the fewer the particles and the colder the disc, the faster the secular evolution. Secular evolution is driven by resonances, but does not depend on the initial phases of the disc. For a Mestel disc with Q ~ 1.5, the polarisation cloud around each star boosts its secular effect by a factor of a thousand or more, accordingly promoting the dynamical relevance of self-induced collisional secular evolution. The position and shape of the induced resonant ridge are found to be in very good agreement with the prediction of the Balescu-Lenard equation, which scales with the square of the susceptibility of the disc. In astrophysics, the inhomogeneous Balescu-Lenard equation may describe the secular diffusion of giant molecular clouds in galactic discs, the secular migration and segregation of planetesimals in proto-planetary discs, or even the long-term evolution of population of stars within the Galactic centre. It could be used as a valuable check of the accuracy of N-body integrators on secular timescales. <P />Appendices are available in electronic form at <A href="http://www.aanda.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201527052/olm">http://www.aanda.org</A>A copy of the linear matrix response code is only available at the CDS via anonymous ftp to <A href="http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr">http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr</A> (ftp://130.79.128.5) or via <A href="http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/qcat?J/A+A/584/A129">http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/qcat?J/A+A/584/A129</A> | 9 |
in processing thermoplastic yarn a value is monitored to determine whether said value is above or below a predetermined value . the monitored value is related to the denier of the yarn and associated with a yarn plug . the interval for the monitored value associated with said yarn plug to oscillate with respect to said predetermined value is timed and the yarn is processed in response thereto . | 3 |
The central engine of short gamma-ray bursts (sGRBs) is hidden from direct view, operating at a scale much smaller than that probed by the emitted radiation. Thus we must infer its origin not only with respect to the formation of the trigger—the actual astrophysical configuration that is capable of powering an sGRB—but also from the consequences that follow from the various evolutionary pathways that may be involved in producing it. Considering binary neutron star mergers we critically evaluate, analytically and through numerical simulations, whether the neutrino-driven wind produced by the newly formed hyper-massive neutron star can allow the collimated relativistic outflow that follows its collapse to actually produce an sGRB or not. Upon comparison with the observed sGRB duration distribution, we find that collapse cannot be significantly delayed (<=100 ms) before the outflow is choked, thus limiting the possibility that long-lived hyper-massive remnants can account for these events. In the case of successful breakthrough of the jet through the neutrino-driven wind, the energy stored in the cocoon could contribute to the precursor and extended emission observed in sGRBs. | 9 |
in a video signal recording / reproducing apparatus for emphasizing an input video signal , recording by adding an additional signal necessary for recording , and de - emphasizing when reproducing , the emphasis processing is stopped on the time axis in a period in which the additional signal is to be added . besides , by adding an additional signal before emphasis processing , the waveform deterioration in the end portion of the effective period occurring due to the addition of additional signal after emphasis processing is decreased , and a favorable waveform reproduction is realized over the entire period of the effective portions . | 7 |
hence , the invention is a contribution to the field of designing computer implemented systems that test how different trading algorithms work when fed historic data . it teaches an efficient and effective data representation that comprises two elements . first , an object - based representation of each trading strategy ; each object is instantiated as a ‘ strategy instance ’. secondly , a pairing between any tradable instrument and any strategy instance ; the pairing is called an ‘ account ’. a key advantage of the data representation is that the data in each account is held in a matrix format ; these are easily and efficiently stored in standard relational databases . further , operating the method involves large scale matrix operations , which are fast and computationally efficient within a matrix based language . conventional approaches do not store data in a matrix format and hence fail to achieve the computational efficiency possible with the present invention . | 6 |
in a method of controlling a sensor for determining an oxygen concentration in a gas mixture , in particular in the exhaust gas of internal combustion engines , a detection voltage supplied by a nernst measurement cell and corresponding to the oxygen concentration is transformed by a circuit arrangement into a pump voltage for a pump cell , and an anodic or cathodic limit current flows over the pump cell , depending on the oxygen content of the gas mixture . in stable operation of the sensor , during which an anodic limit current flows for a selectable period of time , the pump cell and / or the nernst measurement cell receives at least one voltage pulse supplied independently by the measured detection voltage or the pump current thus established , so that the sensor is depolarized . | 6 |
the invention relates to a method for operating a compressor unit , in particular for underwater operation . the aim of the invention is to minimize the risk of gas hydrate formation during the compression process . to reduce said risk , according to the method components of the compressor unit are supplied with anti - freeze and / or anti - freeze is injected into the flow path of the conveyed medium to be compressed . the invention also discloses a compressor unit , which operates according to said method . | 5 |
a device for snow sports is characterized in that the rear of a forward steering skid is rounded , while a widest part of the bearing skid is about 2 / 3 as wide as the widest part of the steering skid and is its length is approximately twice that of the steering skid . also , a tip of the bearing skid is turned up higher than that of the steering skid . | 1 |
metatag identifiers are stored in a spreadsheet , and are made available for use in metatagging various files . steps may include : identifying the item of data in a document ; activating an activation code ; providing a listing of metatag choices ; selecting a metatag from the listing of metatag choices ; identifying the selected metatag with a column in the spreadsheet ; and storing at least a portion of the item of data in a cell of the column . the listing is preferably a visually displayed listing , and selection can be made by clicking . data previously associated with a metatag , and stored in the spreadsheet can be displayed as values . the values for a given metatag can thus be sorted and listed , providing immediate feedback to a user to assist in determining the propriety of a particular metatag . | 6 |
a system for protecting a power consuming circuit , the system comprising two terminals for receiving power and two terminals for providing received power . between one of the receiving terminals and a providing terminal , a transistor is provided which is controlled by a zener diode and to break the connection between one of the receiving terminals and a providing terminal , if a voltage over the providing terminals or the receiving terminals exceeds the breakdown voltage of the zener diode . | 7 |
an intercept system provides more effective and more efficient compliance with legal intercept warrants . the intercept system can provide any combination of operations that include near - real - time intercept capture of intercepted data in structured authenticated form , clear text intercept for communications where there is access to encryption keys , cipher text intercept for communications where there is no access to encryption keys , provision of transactional logs to the authorized agency , interception without altering the operation of the target services , and encryption of stored intercepted information . | 7 |
an improved foil thrust bearing includes a pair of members arranged for relative rotation with respect to one another . one of the pair of members is adapted to rotatably support the other . a thrust bearing disk is operatively disposed between the pair of relatively rotatable members . the thrust bearing disk has a plurality of diverging surface ramps . the surface ramps can comprise an inner ramp and an outer ramp . the thrust bearing disk can also comprise a plurality of radial slots . a plurality of separately formed , converging surface compliant foils are disposed on the thrust bearing disk and between the ramps . an underspring element is operatively disposed between the thrust bearing disk and one of the rotatable members , with the underspring element having a plurality of alternating upper and lower ridges . | 5 |
a single image is exposed a plurality of times on a solid state image sensor . charges induced in each exposure and distributed accordingly are added upon shifting the charge positions in the image sensor and are extracted as electrical signals . the multiple exposures may be made at locations on the sensor which are shifted slightly from each to other , or charges from one exposure may be shifted before a later exposure . | 7 |
an ejection and conveying device mounted in a rotary pressing tabletting machine having matrices supported by a rotating table , whereinto upper punches and lower punches enter and come out , while tablets come out at an ejection station ; the device includes a plate fastened to the machine and positioned under the table . part of the plate is located under the machine &# 39 ; s ejection station , while a rotating disk is placed inside a raised border of the plate and has a plurality of hollows whereinto the ejected tablets fall so that the tablets are drawn by the disk up to be positioned above one or more holes made in the bottom of the plate and from which holes discharge channels depart . the tablets pass through the holes and are brought away by the channels . | 1 |
an automatic speech recognition methodology , wherein words are modeled as probabilistic networks of allophones , collects nodes in the probabilistic network into equivalence classes when those nodes have the same allophonic choices governed by the same phonological rules . the allophonic choices allow for representation of dialectic pronunciation variations between different speakers . training data is shared among nodes in an equivalence class so that accurate pronunciation probabilities may be determined even for words for which there is only a limited amount of training data . a method is used to determine probabilities for each of a multitude of pronunciation models for each word in the vocabulary , based on automatic extraction of linguistic knowledge from sets of phonological rules , in order to robustly and accurately model dialectal variation . | 6 |
the disclosed technology is directed to a floating system capable of facilitating transmitting underwater signals to an abovewater device . the system includes a first housing , a second housing , an antenna , a signal emitter , a signal converter , and a signal interface . the first and second housings collectively form an enclosed space . the antenna is vertically positioned on the top surface of the first main body . the signal emitter and the signal converter are positioned in the enclosed space and coupled to the antenna . the signal interface is positioned on the bottom surface of the second housing and coupled to the converter . a user can connect an underwater camera to the signal interface and transmit images captured underwater to another abovewater device through the floating system . | 7 |
there is provided a bottle holder for a squeeze - type eyedropper bottle which includes a flat spacer member , a bottle holder attached at one end of said spacer member , and a rest piece slidably positioned at a distance intermediate the midpoint and the opposite end of said spacer member . | 0 |
a children &# 39 ; s play garage having a plurality of detachably connected walls , a roof , a toy compartment , and an articulating vehicle door is disclosed . the play garage further includes an opening for accessing the toy compartment from the exterior of the play garage . alternatively , the play garage includes an articulating user door , and window openings in one or more walls , the vehicle door or the user door . the vehicle door is hinged by hinges having polygonal bores and polygonal pins to allow the door to be self - supporting in an open position . | 0 |
the present invention discloses an apparatus for initial synchronization and cell search in a cdma system based on multipath energy window . the apparatus perform initial synchronization and adjacent cell search by using multipath energy window based on the processing method of multipath energy window . the apparatus can be implemented based on a parallel correlator bank . this invention also provides the application of the apparatus to a coherent spreading receiver . | 7 |
a method and a system for analyzing the wavefront of a light beam , wherein a diffraction grating is arranged in a plane perpendicular to the light beam to be analyzed and optically conjugated to the analysis plane . different emerging beams of the grating interfere to generate an image having deformations linked to the gradients of the wavefront to be analyzed . the method is characterized in that the grating carries out the multiplication of an intensity function which is implemented by a two - dimensional grating with hexagonal meshing of surface s transmitting the light of the beam to be analyzed into plural emerging beams arranged in a hexagonal meshing , by an phase function which is implemented by a two - dimensional grating with hexagonal meshing of surface 3 s which introduces a phase shift close to 2π / 3 between two adjacent secondary beams . | 6 |
the object of the invention is to provide a rack shaft having two rack teeth groups and hollowed throughout the whole body , to lightweightize the shaft and to reduce the cost . the two rack teeth groups are located longitudinally apart from each other and have phase difference related to an angle around the axis of the shaft . after the two rack teeth groups are formed simultaneously or sequentially by die forming on the flat bottoms of the workpiece beforehand gutter - shaped , the legs of the gutter - shaped workpiece are bent to butt to each other and , thereby , a tubular body of the shaft is given to the workpiece . the centers of the material are offset beforehand corresponding to the phase difference . | 8 |
We present KETJU, a new extension of the widely used smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulation code GADGET-3. The key feature of the code is the inclusion of algorithmically regularized regions around every supermassive black hole (SMBH). This allows for simultaneously following global galactic-scale dynamical and astrophysical processes, while solving the dynamics of SMBHs, SMBH binaries, and surrounding stellar systems at subparsec scales. The KETJU code includes post-Newtonian terms in the equations of motions of the SMBHs, which enables a new SMBH merger criterion based on the gravitational wave coalescence timescale, pushing the merger separation of SMBHs down to ∼0.005 pc. We test the performance of our code by comparison to NBODY7 and rVINE. We set up dynamically stable multicomponent merger progenitor galaxies to study the SMBH binary evolution during galaxy mergers. In our simulation sample the SMBH binaries do not suffer from the final-parsec problem, which we attribute to the nonspherical shape of the merger remnants. For bulge-only models, the hardening rate decreases with increasing resolution, whereas for models that in addition include massive dark matter halos, the SMBH binary hardening rate becomes practically independent of the mass resolution of the stellar bulge. The SMBHs coalesce on average 200 Myr after the formation of the SMBH binary. However, small differences in the initial SMBH binary eccentricities can result in large differences in the SMBH coalescence times. Finally, we discuss the future prospects of KETJU, which allows for a straightforward inclusion of gas physics in the simulations. | 9 |
a device for pulverizing incombustible large solid radioactive wastes arising from atomic power plants or the like . the device comprises a furnace body provided with a vacant space for melting radioactive wastes , a gripper mounted on the furnace body to support the radioactive waste , plasma torches mounted on the furnace body to irradiate a plasma arc toward the lower end of the wastes , and a water vessel disposed below the vacant space . | 8 |
We describe a methodology to classify periodic variable stars identified using photometric time-series measurements constructed from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) full-mission single-exposure Source Databases. This will assist in the future construction of a WISE Variable Source Database that assigns variables to specific science classes as constrained by the WISE observing cadence with statistically meaningful classification probabilities. We have analyzed the WISE light curves of 8273 variable stars identified in previous optical variability surveys (MACHO, GCVS, and ASAS) and show that Fourier decomposition techniques can be extended into the mid-IR to assist with their classification. Combined with other periodic light-curve features, this sample is then used to train a machine-learned classifier based on the random forest (RF) method. Consistent with previous classification studies of variable stars in general, the RF machine-learned classifier is superior to other methods in terms of accuracy, robustness against outliers, and relative immunity to features that carry little or redundant class information. For the three most common classes identified by WISE: Algols, RR Lyrae, and W Ursae Majoris type variables, we obtain classification efficiencies of 80.7%, 82.7%, and 84.5% respectively using cross-validation analyses, with 95% confidence intervals of approximately ±2%. These accuracies are achieved at purity (or reliability) levels of 88.5%, 96.2%, and 87.8% respectively, similar to that achieved in previous automated classification studies of periodic variable stars. | 9 |
Contact. Rotation is a key ingredient in the theory of stellar structure and evolution. Until now, stellar evolution codes operate in a one-dimensional framework for which the validity domain in regards to the rotation rate is not well understood. <BR /> Aims: In this Letter, we present the first results of self-consistent stellar models in two spatial dimensions, which compute the time evolution of a star and its rotation rate along the main sequence (MS). We also present a comparison to observations. <BR /> Methods: We make use of an extended version of the ESTER code, which solves the stellar structure of a rotating star in two dimensions with time evolution, including chemical evolution, and an implementation of rotational mixing. We computed evolution tracks for a 12 M<SUB>⊙</SUB> model, once for an initial rotation rate equal to 15% of the critical frequency, and once for 50%. <BR /> Results: We first show that our model initially rotating at 15% of the critical frequency is able to reproduce all the observations of the β Cephei star HD 192575, which was recently studied with asteroseismology. Beyond the classical surface parameters, such as effective temperature or luminosity, our model also reproduces the core mass along with the rotation rate of the core and envelope at the estimated age of the star. This particular model also shows that the meridional circulation has a negligible influence on the transport of chemical elements such as nitrogen, for which the abundance may be increased at the stellar surface. Furthermore, it shows that in the late MS, nuclear evolution is faster than the relaxation time needed to reach a steady state of stellar angular momentum distribution. <BR /> Conclusions: We demonstrate that we have successfully taken a new step towards two-dimensional evolutionary modelling of rotating stars. This opens new perspectives on the understanding of the dynamics of fast rotating stars and on the way rotation impacts stellar evolution. | 9 |
a vibration isolating apparatus having a support shaft connected to either one of a vibration generating portion and a vibration receiving portion , a base member connected to the other of the two , and a resilient member interposed between the base member and the support shaft and deformable in response to the movement of the support shaft in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axis thereof . a stopper is provided on the side of the support shaft which is remote from a vibration absorbing liquid chamber for limiting the movement of the support shaft . accordingly , even when a load acts on the support shaft and the base member in a direction in which they are pulled away from each other , the support shaft can reliably be supported by way of the stopper . | 5 |
No description provided. | 9 |
optical fibres consisting of a synthetic resin at least on their outer circumference are continuously provided with a metal coating by electroplating . for this purpose the synthetic resin coating is made electrically conductive , for example , by continuous electroless metallization . | 2 |
a circuit interrupter characterized by a pair of separable contacts which establish an arc upon separation , means for directing a blast of arc interrupting gas into the zone between the separating contacts to extinguish the arc and comprising a cylinder movable within a surrounding casing , a piston movably mounted in the cylinder and pressurized fluid means cooperating with the piston to compress and push the interrupting gas from the cylinder to said zone . | 7 |
The nutils project | 9 |
an improved reusable gift wrapping system comprising a covering element , a fastening element and an optional record keeping element . whereby the covering element , typically comprising of supple material will envelope a gift item closely surrounding the gift item taking on the gift item &# 39 ; s shape and size . the fastening element serves as an adjustable means of fastening the covering element closely surrounding the gift item . once a gift is opened , the releasable fastening element ensures that all components of the gift wrapping system remain intact and ready to be used again . in addition , an optional accessory record keeping element may be added to the gift wrapping system . the accessory record keeping element serving as a means to labeling the current giver and receiver of the gift while keeping a historic record of the reusable gift wrap &# 39 ; s journey . | 1 |
a woven article having strands of polyetherimide fiber or organic fibers and strands of inextensible , heat resistant fiber is disclosed . preferably warp and weft fibers of pei are provided wherein said fibers bond together when heated . by using a multiplicity of pei fibers , heating and compressing the woven article will produce a sheet - like surface on at least one side thereof . | 8 |
actuating device for movable parts , such for closure parts for apertures in vehicles , having a reversible direct current drive motor , a polarity reversing actuating switch in the motor circuit for applying direct current to the motor circuit with a polarization corresponding to the desired motor rotational direction ; a relay with a switch contact in the motor circuit which is in series with the polarity reversing switch ; and further , having a position responsive switch connected with the relay control circuit for actuating the relay in a reference position of the movable parts , for the purpose of deactivating the drive motor by opening the switch contact . the relay is a direct current relay , which , upon application of a first or second voltage level at its control circuit , closes or , respectively , opens the switch contact . connected with the relay control circuit , there is an electronic relay actuating stage with a storage capability , with stage , upon closing of the polarity reversing actuating switch in either direction , at least when the movable part is in the reference position , has applied a setting signal to an input thereof , in response to which setting signal the relay actuating stage applied the first voltage level to the relay control circuit , at least until the movable part has left the reference position . | 4 |
a process is provided for the capture and storage of radiant energy in highly strained carbon containing ring structures of isomerizable compounds . the process includes exposing a photocatalyst containing a compound of a metal selected from re , ir , rh , ru , os , pt , pd and mixtures thereof , to radiant energy in the presence of an isomerizable compound capable of forming strained intramolecular ring structures . | 8 |
a baseband receiver using a transition trigger and a method thereof are disclosed . the baseband receiver is provided in a radio frequency identification reader in order to receive a pulse amplitude modulation signal , and can improve a bit error rate performance by mapping transition waveforms generated whenever the received signal is triggered on new symbols , and filtering the new symbols to recover to the original symbols . since no complex and high performance dc drift estimator is required and dc drifts can stably be removed along with white noise among noise components , it is possible to improve ber . | 7 |
a technology platform that receives , organizes , aggregates , markets and distributes broadcast - standard , high quality video footage to the broadcast journalist industry . the platform includes a web site that presents an online archive and allows users , such as broadcast journalists , from around the world to find and download broadcast - standard video clips to use in their news and feature programs . the platform also manages and provides access to web - quality video , audio clips , high - resolution graphics , and textual news articles . | 6 |
this invention relates to the stitch - bonded high temperature fabric insulation of the coils of rotating electric machinery , particularly large rotating machinery such as generators and medium to large motors , and is concerned not only with such insulation during manufacture of the machinery but also with the rewinding of such machinery for repair or refurbishment . | 7 |
disclosed herein is a circuit including a phase frequency detector configured to compare phases of an input signal and a feedback signal , and to generate first and second control signals as a function of that comparison . an attenuation circuit includes a capacitor coupled in series between a node and a switching node , and is configured to charge the capacitor and disconnect the switching node from ground based on assertion of the first control signal , and discharge the capacitor and connect the switching node to ground based on assertion of the second control signal . | 7 |
The Chelyabinsk bolide as well as the Kunashak meteorite in 1949 (Fig. 3, black square) hit ground in ectonically peculiar place in the Ural Mountains. The main explosion was followed by a series of weaker bangs. The long Uralian fold belt (Pz) separates two subsectors (1 & 2, Fig. 1) of the Eurasian sector (1+2) of the Eastern hemisphere sectoral structure (Fig. 1). At the Pamirs-Hindukush massif (the "Pamirs' cross") meet four tectonic sectors of this structure: two opposite differently uplifted (Africa-Mediterranean ++ and Asian +) and separating them two opposite differently subsided (Eurasian - and Indooceanic - -). Tectonic bisectors divide the sectors into two differently tectonically elevated subsectors. The Ural Mountains is one of these bisectors dividing the somewhat risen East-European subsector and the relatively fallen West-Siberian one. Even more important is the sharp tectonic boundary between subsided Eurasian sector and uplifted Asian one (between 2 and 3, Fig. 1). Fig. 3 shows distribution of electrophonic bolides over USSR [1]. Observations numbers are in circles. The total of 343 observations is distributed at relevant districts; accompanied meteorites were found only in 23-24 cases; in the chart are excluded background values of 1-2 observations per district. Two areas are obviously anomalous. These of the Urals, and the Eurasia-Asia sectoral contact (Novosibirsk - Yenisei R. - Tunguska). A location in the long Uralian belt is determined by its intersection with the Timan fold belt coming from the northwest (Fig. 3). The catastrophic Dyatlov pass where nine people mysteriously died at once occurs there (triangle in Fig. 3). Mancy aborigines know this place as deadly where killing white shining spheres appear. Moreover this belt intersection is well known among hunters for UFO as the Permian triangle (Fig. 2). They meet there to observe unusual atmospheric shining and other anomalous phenomena. In the Yenisei-Tunguska-Baikal region lightning balls appear regularly causing broken trees [2]. In conclusion, these two tectonically distinctive regions are famous by anomalously often appearance of bolides part of which is accompanied by meteorite falls. Out of 343 observations meteorites accompanied less than 10 %. Unclear remains a strange attraction of bolides by very pronounced tectonic features. | 9 |
a dsp - based equalization system which uses a jump and lookup table stored in volatile memory to execute a variable number of equalization structures stored in nonvolatile memory for the equalization of a data signal . the system and method of design provide minimal nonvolatile memory allocation . | 7 |
Galactic ultracompact binaries are expected to be the dominant source of gravitational waves in the milli-Hertz frequency band. Of the tens of millions of Galactic binaries with periods shorter than an hour, it is estimated that a few tens of thousand will be resolved by the future Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA). The unresolved remainder will be the main source of "noise" between 1 and 3 mHz. Typical Galactic binaries are millions of years from merger, and consequently their signals will persist for the duration of the LISA mission. Extracting tens of thousands of overlapping Galactic signals and characterizing the unresolved component is a central challenge in LISA data analysis, and a key contribution to arriving at a global solution that simultaneously fits for all signals in the band. Here we present an end-to-end analysis pipeline for Galactic binaries that uses transdimensional Bayesian inference to develop a time-evolving catalog of sources as data arrive from the LISA constellation. | 9 |
a multi - mode detector and detection method that utilize shared optical components to detect multiple different incoming wavelengths of energy . partial de - focusing of incoming light enables imaging and non - imaging outputs from the same detector . analog and digital pixels enable mixed - mode output . selective filtering at the detector enables the simultaneous detection of two or more wavelengths of light . signal processing hardware and algorithms enable the system to simultaneously provide integrated and multi - channel analog outputs to guidance and display systems . | 5 |
the invention discloses a polyaniline / c - mwnt produced by carboxylating at least one carbon nanotube to form at least one carboxylic carbon nanotube ; mixing the at least one carboxylic carbon nanotube with a solvent to form a first carbon nanotube solution ; mixing at least one aniline monomer with the first carbon nanotube solution to form a second carbon nanotube solution ; mixing an ammonium persulfate solution with the second carbon nanotube solution to form a third carbon nanotube solution ; air - extracting and filtering the third carbon nanotube solution to obtain the polyaniline / c - mwnt nanocomposite ; cleaning and baking the polyaniline / c - mwnt nanocomposite . | 2 |
a stent formed from cannula and having flexible segments and high hoop strength segments alternating therealong . axial tie bars interconnect the segments ; minimal length reduction would occur upon expansion . in the high hoop strength segment , struts are initially parallel in the unexpanded strut condition , while in the flexible segment , struts extend from a respective bight to converge at distal ends when unexpanded . in one embodiment , certain adjacent struts of the hoop segment are spaced apart by a large gap while others are spaced apart by a small gap . in another embodiment all the struts of the hoop segment are spaced apart uniformly from each other by a small gap , resulting in minimizing the occurrence of fatigue of high - stress sites upon expansion / contraction cycles from continuous pulsatile events . | 0 |
methods that test multibeam satellite communication systems , including its antennas and transponders . the methods use input power telemetry and output noise power to test satellite transponders and antennas while the satellite is in orbit . one method that tests a satellite receive antenna employs at least two earth stations , one for rf testing and one for telemetry and commanding , with each providing a backup for the other . other methods may use one or more earth stations to perform testing . methods are disclosed that generate receive antenna pattern measurements , transmit pattern measurements , input chain frequency response curves , input chain transfer curves , and output chain frequency response curves . | 7 |
an engine air / fuel control system and method is provided having feedback control responsive to an exhaust gas oxygen sensor . a fuel command responsive to the ego sensor is modulated and the modulation disabled in response to detection of an air / fuel transient period . in addition , feedback control gain is increased and the modulation signal held at a value opposite the state of the ego sensor occurring upon initiation of the air / fuel transient period . an indication is provided that the air / fuel transient is terminated when the ego sensor switching frequency resumes a normal condition . modulation is thereafter resumed and the feedback gain restored . | 5 |
method for the culture of microorganisms of the genera helicobacter , campylobacter and arcobacter , wherein culture media are employed , which comprise , in place of blood or its derivative , cyclodextrins . | 8 |
Transitional millisecond pulsars (tMSPs) switch, on roughly multi-year timescales, between rotation-powered radio millisecond pulsar (RMSP) and accretion-powered low-mass X-ray binary (LMXB) states. The tMSPs have raised several questions related to the nature of accretion flow in their LMXB state and the mechanism that causes the state switch. The discovery of coherent X-ray pulsations from PSR J1023+0038 (while in the LMXB state) provides us with the first opportunity to perform timing observations and to compare the neutron star’s spin variation during this state to the measured spin-down in the RMSP state. Whereas the X-ray pulsations in the LMXB state likely indicate that some material is accreting onto the neutron star’s magnetic polar caps, radio continuum observations indicate the presence of an outflow. The fraction of the inflowing material being ejected is not clear, but it may be much larger than that reaching the neutron star’s surface. Timing observations can measure the total torque on the neutron star. We have phase-connected nine XMM-Newton observations of PSR J1023+0038 over the last 2.5 years of the LMXB state to establish a precise measurement of spin evolution. We find that the average spin-down rate as an LMXB is 26.8 ± 0.4% faster than the rate (-2.39 × 10<SUP>-15</SUP> Hz s<SUP>-1</SUP>) determined during the RMSP state. This shows that negative angular momentum contributions (dipolar magnetic braking, and outflow) exceed positive ones (accreted material), and suggests that the pulsar wind continues to operate at a largely unmodified level. We discuss implications of this tight observational constraint in the context of possible accretion models. | 9 |
a method and system for synchronizing the sampling frequency , at which power system data is sampled , with the frequency of the power system . adjustments to the sampling frequency can be made by comparing first and second derivatives to threshold values . | 7 |
a myelin basic protein - luciferase bioimaging noninvasive model to visualize and quantify demyelination and remyelination events in the cns at transcriptional level in vivo is provided . luciferase - expressing transgenic animals were generated with myelin basic protein promoter coupled to firefly luciferase reporter . the mbp - luci bioimaging model provides a means to monitor myelination status and the efficacy of a remyelination modulating test compound . an advantage of bioimaging is that a subject in a longitudinal study can serve as its own control . the same subject can be tracked over a demyelination and remyelination process continuously over a period of at least 10 weeks . this model enables normalization of individual animal imaging response and provides quality data with considerably reduced variance . in addition , because cohorts of animals need not be sacrificed at different time points , reduction in the number necessary for a compound efficacy study is possible . | 0 |
a reusable package and storage album displays and stores a multi - component product , combining the appearance of a blister pak with the security of a vacuformed clamshell package . two sections joined by hinges to a spine , formed principally of plastic and paperboard materials , fold into a book or album - like structure to house the product components . ample advertising space is available on the exterior and interior surfaces for a layer of printed matter . the album type storage is helpful , discourages disposal of the packaging , which aids the environment , and allows manufacturer advertising and other printed information to persist beyond the sale . hinges comprise an inverted rectangular u - shape in section in geometry . windows may be included to allow a view of the components . a window formed in one album section may be recessed to also prevent a component in the other album section from flopping about when handling the package . | 1 |
a packaging method and apparatus wherein each product is packaged by capturing the product in flexible packaging material . the packing apparatus includes a product detector for detecting the presence or absence of a product to be packaged . the detection of the product may cause the advancement of packaging material and the product through a nipping station to form a package . the failure to detect a product may cause the advancement of the packaging material to stop and conserve packaging material until a product is detected . the product detector may be a color sensor trained to detect a color of the first web , a luminescence sensor trained to detect a luminance of the first web , or a light - sensitive sensor trained to detect a difference in light passing through the first web . also , a luminescence additive may be joined with the lower web to provide a distinct luminance . | 1 |
Combining new H I data from a synergetic survey of Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) Widefield ASKAP L-band Legacy All-sky Blind surveY and Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope with the Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA data, we study the effect of ram pressure and tidal interactions in the NGC 4636 group. We develop two parameters to quantify and disentangle these two effects on gas stripping in H I-bearing galaxies: the strength of external forces at the optical-disk edge, and the outside-in extents of H I-disk stripping. We find that gas stripping is widespread in this group, affecting 80% of H I-detected nonmerging galaxies, and that 41% are experiencing both types of stripping. Among the galaxies experiencing both effects, the two types of strengths are independent, while two H I-stripping extents moderately anticorrelate with each other. Both strengths are correlated with H I-disk shrinkage. The tidal strength is related to a rather uniform reddening of low-mass galaxies (M <SUB>*</SUB> < 10<SUP>9</SUP> M <SUB>☉</SUB>) when tidal stripping is the dominating effect. In contrast, ram pressure is not clearly linked to the color-changing patterns of galaxies in the group. Combining these two stripping extents, we estimate the total stripping extent, and put forward an empirical model that can describe the decrease of H I richness as galaxies fall toward the group center. The stripping timescale we derived decreases with distance to the center, from ~1 Gyr beyond R <SUB>200</SUB> to ≲10 Myr near the center. Gas depletion happens ~3 Gyr since crossing 2R <SUB>200</SUB> for H I-rich galaxies, but much quicker for H I-poor ones. Our results quantify in a physically motivated way the details and processes of environmental-effects-driven galaxy evolution, and might assist in analyzing hydrodynamic simulations in an observational way. | 9 |
a modular realty signpost comprising a first vertical sign section made from extruded vinyl tubing ; a second horizontal sign section made from extruded vinyl tubing and designed to intersect and connect with the first vertical sign section ; and a plurality of clip and bracket combinations for holding a swinging realty sign , each of said clips designed to fit in an aperture in a bottom surface of the second horizontal sign section . a method for making same is also disclosed . | 6 |
a device may include a physical phenomenon detector . the physical phenomenon detector may detect a physical phenomenon related to the device . in response to detecting the physical phenomenon , the device may record audio data that includes speech . the speech may be transcribed with a speech recognition engine . the speech recognition engine may be included in the device , or may be included with a remote computing device with which the device may communicate . | 7 |
a process for the isomerization of c 4 - c 6 paraffins that uses a highly active catalyst to isomerize the feed in the presence of very little hydrogen . the process is characterized by good stability and high conversion with effluent hydrogen to hydrocarbon ratios of 0 . 05 or less . continued operation at low hydrogen concentrations is made possible by the remarkably low coking tendency of the catalyst , especially during periods of temporary sulfur deactivation . the low hydrogen to hydrocarbon ratio simplifies the process and makes it cheaper to operate by eliminating facilities for the recovery and recycle of hydrogen . | 2 |
computer - related methods , apparatus , and / or articles of manufacture to permit / facilitate the creation , marketing , and / or distribution of options to purchase tickets or obtain refunds to a particular future event , particularly an elimination format competition , when the chosen competitor &# 39 ; s qualification for such a game is currently uncertain , but where the uncertainty will be resolved prior to the commencement of the particular future event . | 6 |
a temporary signal system wherein a pair of signal stands are installed at spaced locations adjacent a traffic restriction area . each stand has at least red and green lights which light or flash for predetermined time periods to control vehicle traffic passing the restriction area . the signal stands include timers for counting actual time and providing the actual time , controllers for producing a flashing control signal for a selected red or green light upon reception of a time signal provided by the timer when the controller is in a flashing operation condition , and a lighting driver for permitting the selected red or green light to flash upon reception of the flashing control signal from the controller . the stands have an operation starting arrangement for initiating operation of the controllers of both of the stands at the same time , or a signal transmission arrangement for transmitting the operating condition data between the stands so that the lights of both stands are operated in a controlled and synchronized relationship with each other . | 6 |
a combustion system is operated with reference to compliant values of a governmentally regulated exhaust emission parameter . if an alarm condition is detected during an ordinary mode of operation , the combustion system is shifted into an assured compliance mode of operation . the shift to the assured compliance mode is made while continuing to operate the combustion system without a shut - down interruption . | 5 |
a hair dressing foundation to ease in the creation of a french twist hair style . the foundation comprises a small , flexible device , triangular in shape with the upper end of the device being concave in curvature . a plurality of tabs allows the user to securely attach the device to the back of the user &# 39 ; s hair . the user may wrap and swirl the user &# 39 ; s hair around the device to create a french twist hair style . | 0 |
a dental tool having a processing section at one end which includes a longitudinally extending lateral face and a transversely extending front face having an abrasive working face located at a distance from the lateral face so as to permit forming a precise marginal edge around a tooth to permit precise positioning of a crown while avoiding deleterious working of the tooth region nearest the stump on which the crown is to be mounted . | 0 |
a mobile station including a processor and a memory storing program instructions . the instructions , when executed by the processor , cause the processor to determine if any candidate control channels of a list of candidate control channels are ineligible for selection by belonging to a private network to which the mobile station is not permitted access , analyze those candidate control channels not determined to be ineligible for selection to identify a primary candidate control channel , and attempt to select the primary candidate control channel . | 7 |
a machine for blending , matting , shortening or sizing natural or artificial fibers , in which the work is performed by groups or trains of three rollers . a first working stage has a single head delivering two slivers and in which the twin bearing rollers are of large size , the two slivers emerging from the single head being fed axially or perpendicularly by directional and juxtaposing members towards a second working stage in a single lap , the width of which is at least 50 % less than the width of an individual sliver . the second working stage has a reducing head which comprises a plurality of trains with twin lower retaining and traction rollers , respectively , mounted overhung on frames , adjustably spaced from one another . | 3 |
a method for wafer alignment includes forming a first alignment circuit within a first semiconductor wafer ; the first alignment circuit is configured to emit an optical signal . next , the first alignment circuit is activated upon receiving a first activation signal from a wafer bonding tool then the optical signal is sent to a second alignment circuit in a second semiconductor wafer in overlapping relation to the first semiconductor wafer . the second alignment circuit transmits a second activation signal to the wafer bonding tool and consequently the wafer bonding tool initiates an alignment technique between the first and second semiconductor wafers . the alignment technique uses the first and second alignment circuits for optical alignment . | 7 |
Spiral galaxies, including the Milky Way, have large-scale magnetic fields with significant energy densities. The dominant theory attributes these magnetic fields to a large-scale dynamo. We review the current status of dynamo theory and discuss various numerical simulations designed either to explain particular aspects of the problem or to reproduce galactic magnetic fields globally. Our main conclusions can be summarized as follows: <label>■</label>Idealized direct numerical simulations produce mean magnetic fields, whose saturation energy density tends to decline with increasing magnetic Reynolds number. This is still an unsolved problem.<label>■</label>Large-scale galactic magnetic fields of microgauss strengths can probably be explained only if helical magnetic fields of small or moderate length scales can be rapidly ejected or destroyed.<label>■</label>Small-scale dynamos are important throughout a galaxy's life and probably provide strong seed fields at early stages.<label>■</label>The circumgalactic medium (CGM) may play an important role in driving dynamo action at small and large length scales. These interactions between the galactic disk and the CGM may provide important insights into our understanding of galactic dynamos.We expect future research in galactic dynamos to focus on the cosmological history of galaxies and the interaction with the CGM as means of replacing the idealized boundary conditions used in earlier work. | 9 |
a test system with flexible extension and maintenance functions and the associated method are disclosed . in the existing procedure of apparatus test operations , independent system structures and functional modules are employed to separate the extension and maintenance of test programs , the organization of the test procedure , and the test operation of apparatuses . therefore , these modules become completely independent , raising the stability and extensibility of the test system . by this system and method thereof can also increase the efficiency and flexibility of the test operation . | 6 |
a method and an apparatus for carrying out the method for installing an especially dome - shaped pressure bulkhead on a one - piece , substantially conical rear section for an aircraft , wherein said rear section includes a connection area and an end area . the method involves the steps of horizontally accommodating a prefabricated rear section in a horizontal support ; inserting the rear section into a pivoting frame ; pivoting the rear section into a vertical position using the pivoting frame , wherein the connection area of the rear section points upward ; horizontally placing and centering the pressure bulkhead on the connection area , and joining the pressure bulkhead with the rear section in the area of the connection area . | 1 |
a vehicular automatic occupant sensing anti - carjacking system primarily designed to automatically and continuously protect a vehicle from carjacking and to provide preventive protection to the authorized occupant of the vehicle from being taken hostage in their own vehicle and to facilitate the recovery of a vehicle during a carjacking regardless , whether the vehicle is occupied or unoccupied , regardless , whether the vehicle is attended or unattended , regardless , whether the ignition is on or off and regardless , whether the engine is running or not running . the system includes an electronic command control unit which communicates with a plurality of sensors to provide the necessary input signals to the command control unit . the system has a means for automatically monitoring and determining the occupancy status of the vehicle via pre - programed occupancy status instructions . if the occupancy status of the vehicle deviates materially from the pre - programed occupancy status , at any time , vehicle disabling means and alarm means are automatically actuated . also included in the system are means for automatically disabling the vehicle , as well as , automatically enabling the system to facilitate use of the vehicle by the authorized occupant . once programed , the system operates automatically requiring no manually operable activation of any hidden switches , remote signalling devices , buttons or other manually operated actuators . | 1 |
there is described a wind powered device including a vertical support , a horizontal support rotatably attached to the vertical support , and planar elements respectively attached to opposite ends of the horizontal support by articulating hinge elements . the articulating hinge elements are connected to ones of the planar elements at respective positions that are horizontally offset from the center of each planar element , and each hinge element can rotate through a predetermined maximum throw angle . | 0 |
techniques for providing cost effective and tamper evident prepaid card packaging are described . by containing a relatively wide glued area by gluing two relatively tin side panels together , the resulting package is highly resistant to being slit open on an edge without the effort to open the package being highly evident . a foldover magnetic stripe panel provides additional thickness to a portion of the package typically read by a magnetic strip reader while allowing very thin side panels . | 8 |
photon generating devices produce predetermined radiation spectral output and heat for a variety of applications including lighting and electric power generation , and provide photons to enhance chemical and physical reactions . such a device comprises an emitter which contains metal oxides , means to heat the emitter sufficiently to produce large number of photons of a desired spectral output , and an optical means for directing the photons to various targets . in one embodiment , the device includes a thermal input device , a light pipe having a low emissivity , and an emitter coating of superemitter material which is thermally stimulated to emit radiation of a specific wavelength above a threshold temperature . an intermediate layer may be used to bond the emitter coating to the light pipe or other optical device where desired . another embodiment comprises coating blackbody emitters onto transparent optical waveguides , such as light pipes , and heating the coating to emit photons into the light pipes which are directed to a target , and further comprises a means to select a particular target . | 6 |
a system and method for measuring ionic contamination of an electronic assembly includes the steps of providing a test solution of a known ionic content ; placing an electronic assembly of known exposed area into a predetermined static volume of the test solution ; thereafter measuring the ionic content of the test solution to provide a measurement of the ionic contamination of said assembly . | 6 |
Radiative transfer investigations of the solar Mg II h and k resonance lines around 280 nm have shown that, while their circular polarization (Stokes V) signals arise from the Zeeman effect, the linear polarization profiles (Stokes Q and U) are dominated by the scattering of anisotropic radiation and the Hanle and magneto-optical (MO) effects. Using the unprecedented observations of the Mg II and Mn I resonance lines obtained by the Chromospheric LAyer Spectro-Polarimeter (CLASP2), here we investigate how the linear polarization signals at different wavelengths (i.e., at the center, and at the near and far wings of the k line) vary with the longitudinal component of the magnetic field (B <SUB> L </SUB>) at their approximate height of formation. The B <SUB> L </SUB> is estimated from the V signals in the aforementioned spectral lines. Particular attention is given to the following quantities that are expected to be influenced by the presence of magnetic fields through the Hanle and MO effects: the sign of the U signals, the total linear polarization amplitude (LP) and its direction (χ) with respect to a reference direction. We find that at the center and near wings of the k line, the behavior of these quantities is significantly different in the observed quiet and plage regions, and that both LP and χ seem to depend on B <SUB> L </SUB>. These observational results are indicative of the operation of the Hanle effect at the center of the k line and of the MO effects at the near wings of the k line. | 9 |
apparatus with a force - or moment - generating actuating member , operating electromagnetically or electromotively and a mechanical transmission arrangement , rotating of sliding , working on an actuation arrangement of a friction clutch or brake , characterized by a drive or control arrangement which excites a pulsating force or a pulsating moment on the mechanical transmission arrangement member . | 5 |
a method of inhibiting parasitic activity is disclosed in which the biosynthesis , structure and / or function of the glycotyl phosphatidylinositol anchor of said parasite may be affected by incorporating into said gpi anchor selected analogs of myristic acid containing various heteroatoms , substituents and unsaturated bonds , including ester - containing analogs , ketocarbonyl - containing analogs , sulfur - containing analogs , double bond - and triple bond - containing analogs , aromatic moiety - containing analogs , nitrated analogs and halogenated analogs . | 2 |
a device for stopping the running of programs being executed in a microprocessor prior to the disappearance of the power supply voltage of the microprocessor comprising a differentiator circuit shunted across the power supply line va of a microprocessor for inhibiting the access circuit to the internal ram in the microprocessor and for reinitializing the internal circuits of the microprocessor as soon as the power supply voltage level va begins to decrease from a predetermined decrease threshold . | 6 |
an apparatus is provided for performing an injection , the apparatus including a front end , a vibrator mechanism selectively vibrating the front end during an injection and a syringe holder holding a syringe during an injection through the front end while the front end is vibrated . | 0 |
Context. The XXL Survey is the largest homogeneous survey carried out with XMM-Newton. Covering an area of 50 deg<SUP>2</SUP>, the survey contains several hundred galaxy clusters out to a redshift of ~2 above an X-ray flux limit of ~5 × 10<SUP>-15</SUP> erg cm<SUP>-2</SUP> s<SUP>-1</SUP>. This paper belongs to the first series of XXL papers focusing on the bright cluster sample. <BR /> Aims: We investigate the luminosity-temperature (LT) relation for the brightest clusters detected in the XXL Survey, taking fully into account the selection biases. We investigate the form of the LT relation, placing constraints on its evolution. <BR /> Methods: We have classified the 100 brightest clusters in the XXL Survey based on their measured X-ray flux. These 100 clusters have been analysed to determine their luminosity and temperature to evaluate the LT relation. We used three methods to fit the form of the LT relation, with two of these methods providing a prescription to fully take into account the selection effects of the survey. We measure the evolution of the LT relation internally using the broad redshift range of the sample. <BR /> Results: Taking fully into account selection effects, we find a slope of the bolometric LT relation of B<SUB>LT</SUB> = 3.08 ± 0.15, steeper than the self-similar expectation (B<SUB>LT</SUB> = 2). Our best-fit result for the evolution factor is E(z)<SUP>1.64 ± 0.77</SUP>, fully consistent with "strong self-similar" evolution where clusters scale self-similarly with both mass and redshift. However, this result is marginally stronger than "weak self-similar" evolution, where clusters scale with redshift alone. We investigate the sensitivity of our results to the assumptions made in our fitting model, finding that using an external LT relation as a low-z baseline can have a profound effect on the measured evolution. However, more clusters are needed in order to break the degeneracy between the choice of likelihood model and mass-temperature relation on the derived evolution. <P />Based on observations obtained with XMM-Newton, an ESA science mission with instruments and contributions directly funded by ESA Member States and NASA.The Master Catalogue is available at the CDS via anonymous ftp to <A href="http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr">http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr</A> (<A href="http://130.79.128.5">http://130.79.128.5</A>) or via <A href="http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/qcat?J/A+A/592/A2">http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/qcat?J/A+A/592/A2</A> | 9 |
This is the version 1.4.0 of the Dispatch and Investment Evaluation Tool with Endogenous Renewables (DIETER). We used this model version for the calculations presented in the paper "Optimal supply chains and power sector benefits of green hydrogen", Scientific Reports 11, 14191 (2021), https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-92511-6; arXiv preprint: https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.03464 | 9 |
We study the star-formation activity in a sample of ~ 56 000 brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) at 0.05 < z < 0.42 using optical and infra-red data from SDSS and WISE. We estimate stellar masses and star-formation rates (SFR) through SED fitting and study the evolution of the SFR with redshift as well as the effects of BCG stellar mass, cluster halo mass, and cooling time on star formation. Our BCGs have SFR = 1.4 × 10<SUP>-3</SUP> - 275.2 [$\rm M_{\odot }$ yr<SUP>-1</SUP>] and sSFR = 5 × 10<SUP>-15</SUP> - 6 × 10<SUP>-10</SUP> [yr<SUP>-1</SUP>]. We find that star-forming BCGs are more abundant at higher redshifts and have higher SFR than at lower redshifts. The fraction of star-forming BCGs (f<SUB>SF</SUB>) varies from 30 per cent to 80 per cent at 0.05 < z < 0.42. Despite the large values of f<SUB>SF</SUB>, we show that only 13 per cent of the BCGs lie on the star-forming main sequence for field galaxies at the same redshifts. We also find that f<SUB>SF</SUB> depends only weakly on $M_{\rm 200}$, while it sharply decreases with $M_{*}$. We finally find that the SFR in BCGs decreases with increasing $t_{\rm cool}$, suggesting that star formation is related to the cooling of the intracluster medium. However, we also find a weak correlation of $M_{*}$ and $M_{\rm 200}$ with $t_{\rm cool}$ suggesting that AGNs are heating the intracluster gas around the BCGs. We compare our estimates of SFR with the predictions from empirical models for the evolution of the SFR with redshift, finding that the transition from a merger dominated to a cooling-dominated star formation may happen at z < 0.6. | 9 |
provided herein is a system , method and product for performing address translation and routing of short codes . the embodiment described herein primarily supports the wireless and standardized sms ; however , one skilled in the art can readily appreciate that the present invention can also be applied to any mobile messaging technology , e . g ., multimedia messaging service , etc . | 7 |
aspects of the present invention relate to a device and method for controlling a floating structure of a solar power generating device , which can generate electricity from solar power of incident light while tracking the position of the sun in a state in which it floats on the water . | 7 |
a hydrophilic , lubricious , durable , flexible , coating comprising a crosslinked polyurea matrix complexed with a hydrophilic polymer selected from the group consisting of poly and polyvinylpyrrolidone , said crosslinked polymer formed from the reaction of an isocyanate and a compound having at least two active hydrogens per molecule selected from the group consisting of polyamines , polymercaptans , and polycarboxylates or compounds with nh , nh 2 , sh or cooh groups on same molecule in the presence of said hydrophilic polymer , with the total sum of the average isocyanate functionality plus the average active hydrogen functionality exceeding 4 and the molar ratio of total nco groups to total active hydrogens being at least 0 . 8 . | 2 |
the invention provides a new fence system permitting the construction of privacy fences ; perimeter fences ; boundary fences and rail fences using a small number of different fence elements . these elements consist of a hollow elongated post / rail element of semi - octagonal transverse cross - section ; an end cap for the element when used as a post ; an l - shaped connecting bracket ; a panel element and an end cap therefor ; a clip for fastening panel elements to the rails ; closure elements for the rails and posts that also locate and hold the panels when they are engaged in slots therein . the panels are provided near to their center with a plurality of spaced stiffening walls to resist buckling under heavy loads . | 4 |
The sharpest optical images of the R136 cluster in the Large Magellanic Cloud are presented, allowing us for the first time to resolve members of the central core, including R136a1, the most-massive star known. These data were taken using the Gemini speckle imager Zorro in medium-band filters with effective wavelengths similar to BVRI achieving angular resolutions between 30-40 mas. All stars previously known in the literature, having V < 16 mag within the central 2″ × 2″, were recovered. Visual companions (≥40 mas; 2000 au) were detected for the WN5h stars R136 a1 and a3. Photometry of the visual companion of a1 suggests it is of mid-O spectral type. Based on new photometric luminosities using the resolved Zorro imaging, the masses of the individual WN5h stars are estimated to be between 150 and 200 M <SUB>⊙</SUB>, lowering significantly the present-day masses of some of the most-massive stars known. These mass estimates are critical anchor points for establishing the stellar upper-mass function. | 9 |
a structural panel comprises a metal and paper composite in which the metal outer skins have a minimum thickness of 0 . 005 in . exceeding foils and a maximum thickness of 0 . 012 in . while the paper core ranges between 0 . 01 in . and 0 . 05 in . the panel is a stiff , lightweight substitute for thicker metals and may replace light metal sheets such as aluminum with a composite in which the metal skins comprise sheets from heavier metals such as steel . the paper core is a web which is adhesively bonded to the metal skins and which may have openings to create paths for adhesive bridges between the metal skins to minimize failure caused by buckling . | 1 |
a cooker designed for sugar products in the form of a tube heat exchanger , in which within a jacket housing a bundle of narrowly spaced pipes flow through by a heat medium extend , which pipes are flowed over by material which are supplied and withdrawn by pipe fittings along the side , wherein deflection plates are provided within the jacket housing which define flow chambers and openings for the transition of the materials to be treated from one flow chamber to the next , thereby characterized , that the deflection plates along a narrow edge area are provided with segment like openings and these openings are situated on diametrically opposing sides of the inner wall of the jacket housing , wherein the opening in the first deflection plate in the flow direction lies opposite the introduction pipe fitting for the material and the opening of the last deflection plate lies opposite the withdrawal pipe fitting . | 5 |
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