text
stringlengths 12
51.9k
| label
int64 0
9
|
|---|---|
in one embodiment , a bist engine performs bist testing of embedded memory in an integrated circuit device via an bus from the configuration bitstream engine . during bist testing , data is written into the embedded memory at - speed , which may require the bitstream engine to produce a higher frequency than originally used for configuration . between consecutive write operations , the bist engine is capable of reading the previously written set of data from the embedded memory and comparing that read - back data with the corresponding original set of data to determine whether a bist error has occurred . by performing back - to - back write / read - back operations faster than the configuration speed and using a dedicated w / rb bus , bist testing can be optimally performed without false - positive - invoking delays and undesirable resource utilization . | 6 |
a method of initiating handover in a cellular radio system with cdma access technology . a mobile station is present in a serving cell and handover should be made from a serving cell to a target cell . before the handover is made the signal quality from the target cell is estimated . the mobile measures the signal quality , preferably ec / io of the pilot tone , from the serving cell . an rnc node calculates the estimated signal quality as a function of the measured signal quality , a load dependent quantity at the serving and target cells and decides to initiate the handover when the estimated signal quality at the target cell is better than a predefined minimum value or is better than the measured signal quality . as load dependent quantity the total output transmission powers p s and p t may used . | 7 |
We present the first results of a volume-limited survey of main-sequence (MS) magnetic chemically peculiar (mCP) stars. The sample consists of all identified intermediate-mass MS stars (mCP and non-mCP) within a heliocentric distance of 100 pc as determined using Hipparcos parallaxes. The two populations are compared in order to determine the unique properties that allow a small fraction of MS stars with masses {≳ }1.4 M_⊙ to host strong, large-scale magnetic fields. A total of 52 confirmed mCP stars are identified using published magnetic, spectroscopic, and photometric observations along with archived and newly obtained spectropolarimetric (Stokes V) observations. We derive the fundamental parameters (effective temperatures, luminosities, masses, and evolutionary states) of the mCP and non-mCP populations using homogeneous analyses. A detailed analysis of the mCP stars is performed using the LLMODELS code, which allows observed spectral energy distributions to be modelled while incorporating chemical peculiarities and magnetic fields. The surface gravities and mean chemical abundances are derived by modelling averaged spectra using the GSSP and ZEEMAN spectral synthesis codes. Masses and stellar ages are derived using modern, densely calculated evolutionary model grids. We confirm a number of previously reported evolutionary properties associated with mCP stars including a conspicuously high incidence of middle-aged MS stars with respect to the non-mCP subsample; the incidence of mCP stars is found to sharply increase with mass from 0.3 per cent at 1.5 M_⊙ to ≈11 per cent at 3.8 M_⊙. Finally, we identify clear trends in the mean photospheric chemical abundances with stellar age. | 9 |
a coordinate measurement device comprises an articulated arm having a first end , a second end , and a plurality of jointed arm segments therebetween . each arm segment defines at least one axis of rotation . a laser scanner assembly is coupled to the second end of the arm and is rotatable about a last axis of rotation of the articulated arm . the laser scanner assembly comprises a laser and an image sensor . the laser is positioned on an opposite side of the last axis of rotation from the image sensor . | 8 |
a dispensing system for feeding paste through a screen onto a workpiece monitors the position of a piston applying pressure to the paste with a linear variable differential transformer and sets limits on the slope of the piston displacement is a measure of the feed rate and the “ spring back ” of the piston when pressure is released , as a measure of trapped air in the system . | 6 |
a piezoelectric device including : a piezoelectric element having , on a surface of a piezoelectric body , an exciting electrode and a drawing electrode that is electrically coupled to the exciting electrode and draws an electrode to an external section , and a substrate bonded to the drawing electrode with a metallic brazing material , in that : the piezoelectric element contains a connecting electrode connecting the exciting electrode with the drawing electrode ; and the connecting electrode and / or the exciting electrode contains an underlying layer provided on the surface of the piezoelectric body and a surface layer section provided on a surface of this underlying layer , wherein : the underlying layer is provided using the metallic brazing material and a metallic material of adverse wettability ; and a portion of the surface layer section is removed in a manner that the exciting electrode and the drawing electrode are separated . | 7 |
the diva stands for digital imaging validation : is an external electronic device equipped with controlled microprocessor , which includes write protection , data encryption , and duplication capabilities . this electronic device is equipped with flash memory chips to hold / store digital image data produced by any digital imaging devices . this electronic device is packaged in small form factor housing with abilities to act as storage memory device of the digital imaging device and can be directly inserted or attached to the interface port of the corresponding imaging device . the diva is also known as programmable microprocessor - integrated encryption external storage media . furthermore , diva is also comprises of a system utilizing secured web - based application to deploy its full capability . | 7 |
a method for protecting a mashup webpage is disclosed . the mashup webpage includes a plurality of mini - applications . the method includes intercepting a content access event by a first mini - application of the plurality of mini - applications , the content access event requesting access to content of a second mini - application of the plurality of mini - applications . the method also includes ascertaining , using a document mini - application model access control policy and a dom model , whether the content access event is permissible . the method additionally includes denying the access by the first mini - application to the content of the second mini - application if the content access event is deemed impermissible or permissible according to the dom access control policy . | 6 |
the invention relates to a method for distinguishing between location_report messages to avoid ambiguities . therefore , a value of an information element of request type is returned by a radio network controller , depending on an intended receiver of the location information . a control node receiving the information element value analyses said value and determines the receiver depending on the result of said analysis . | 7 |
the present invention concerns an apparatus and method for reducing the multiuser - interference of input signals . the apparatus in accordance with the present invention comprises a multivariate predictor and a decision quantizer , said multivariate predictor operating on interference signals η &# 39 ; provided by means for extracting interference signals , said interference signals η &# 39 ; being obtained from said input signals and output signals b which are available at an output of said decision quantizer and fed back from there to said means for extracting interference signals . | 7 |
a toilet device for use by dogs and cats . the device includes a grid , at least one tray and an upright structure . in addition other elements of the device can include a : picker for lifting the grid , cuts or grooves , side closures , slots and reinforcements . | 0 |
We developed a tool that measures equivalent widths of various lines in low-resolution optical spectra, and it was applied to stellar spectra obtained as part of SDSS-V and LAMOST programs. These lines, such as Li I, which directly indicates stellar youth, or optical H I and Ca II, which in emission indicate activity associated with stellar youth, are commonly seen in YSOs. We observe several notable differences in the properties of these lines between YSOs and the field stars. Using these data, we devise a set of criteria through which it is possible to confirm the youth of stars that have been observed by the ABYSS program, as well as to identify likely young stars that have serendipitously been observed by other programs. We examine the decrement of H lines seen in emission in CTTSs, and estimate the properties of the accretion stream that is responsible for the production of these lines. Finally, we examine the evolution of Li I as a function of age, and characterize the scatter in its abundance that appears to be intrinsic in young M dwarfs. | 9 |
an exposure apparatus which includes a projection optical system configured to project a pattern of a reticle onto a substrate and exposes the substrate to light via the reticle and the projection optical system with a gap between the projection optical system and the substrate filled with liquid , comprises a liquid immersion system configured to supply the liquid to the gap and to recover the liquid from the gap ; and a generator configured to generate at least one of an electric field and magnetic field in a path of the liquid of the liquid immersion system . | 6 |
We have performed a search over 3440 deg<SUP>2</SUP> of Epoch 1 (2017-2019) of the Very Large Array Sky Survey to identify unobscured quasars in the optical (0.2 < z < 3.2) and obscured active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in the infrared that have brightened dramatically in the radio over the past one to two decades. These sources would have been previously classified as "radio-quiet" quasars based on upper limits from the Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty cm survey (1993-2011), but they are now consistent with "radio-loud" quasars ( ${L}_{3\mathrm{GHz}}={10}^{40\mbox{--}42}\,\mathrm{erg}\,{{\rm{s}}}^{-1}$ ). A quasi-simultaneous, multiband (∼1-18 GHz) follow-up study of 14 sources with the VLA has revealed compact sources (<0"1 or <1 kpc) with peaked radio spectral shapes. The high-amplitude variability over decadal timescales at 1.5 GHz (100% to >2500%) but roughly steady fluxes over a few months at 3 GHz are inconsistent with extrinsic variability due to propagation effects, thus favoring an intrinsic origin. We conclude that our sources are powerful quasars hosting compact/young jets. This challenges the generally accepted idea that "radio-loudness" is a property of the quasar/AGN population that remains fixed on human timescales. Our study suggests that frequent episodes of short-lived AGN jets that do not necessarily grow to large scales may be common at high redshift. We speculate that intermittent but powerful jets on subgalactic scales could interact with the interstellar medium, possibly driving feedback capable of influencing galaxy evolution. | 9 |
a rice gruel cooker suited for heating in a microwave range includes a bowl , a perforated rice container placed in the bowl and having a space for accommodatng rice , and a lid held above the top end of the bowl . during heating , boiled water circulates actively through the space containing the rice and boils the rice uniformly without production of cores in rice particles despite quick heating in the microwave range . specified lid position well prevents overflow and / or scattering of boiled water during cooking . | 8 |
an improved plant container hanger for suspension from a support rail , such as a chain link fence , wherein the device may be partially inserted into the fence links to stabilize the container and position a plant container carried thereby in a stable , substantially horizontal , position . | 0 |
The recent serendipitous discovery of a new population of short duration X-ray transients, thought to be associated with collisions of compact objects or stellar explosions in distant galaxies, has motivated efforts to build up statistical samples by mining X-ray telescope archives. Most searches to date, however, do not fully exploit recent developments in the signal and imaging processing research domains to optimize searches for short X-ray flashes. This paper addresses this issue by presenting a new source detection pipeline, STATiX (Space and Time Algorithm for Transients in X-rays), which directly operates on three-dimensional X-ray data cubes consisting of two spatial and one temporal dimension. The algorithm leverages wavelet transforms and the principles of sparsity to denoise X-ray observations and then detect source candidates on the denoised data cubes. The light curves of the detected sources are then characterized using the Bayesian blocks algorithm to identify flaring periods. We describe the implementation of STATiX in the case of XMM-Newton data, present extensive validation and performance verification tests based on simulations and also apply the pipeline to a small subset of seven XMM-Newton observations, which are known to contain transients sources. In addition to known flares in the selected fields, we report a previously unknown short duration transient found by our algorithm that is likely associated with a flaring Galactic star. This discovery demonstrates the potential of applying STATiX to the full XMM-Newton archive. | 9 |
a toy vehicle has a body , and attached to the body is a chassis which is movably mounted thereon so as to move vertically up and down relative to the chassis . a motor is located within the vehicle and aside from propelling the vehicle forward over a support surface , the motor additionally drives a mechanism which raises and lowers the body relative to the chassis . when the body is raised relative to the chassis , the vehicle is propelled forward over the support surface by the motor ; however when the body is lowered to the chassis , the drive connection between the driving wheel of the vehicle and the support surface is severed , inhibiting forward progress of the vehicle . the vehicle performs the above noted functions in a cyclic manner , repeating one after the other . | 0 |
the present disclosure relates to new and optimized processes for the preparation of micro - and nano - scale capsules containing lubricant chemical additives . the present disclosure also relates to micro - and nano - scale capsules prepared by such processes , which are useful in a variety of applications , including automotive lubricants , diesel lubricants , industrial lubricants , metal - working lubricants , coolants , and process fluids . micro - and nano - scale capsules prepared as described herein have the required properties that such capsules need to exhibit in order to function effectively and meet the requirements imposed by engine lubrication conditions . the microcapsules may be dispersed in a lubricating oil such that the lubricant exhibits improved stability and anti - wear performance , thereby improving engine fuel efficiency and performance . | 2 |
a light - wave conductor cable is described within the core of which there is at least one ribbon line in which light - wave conductors are arranged alongside of and parallel to each other . the light - wave conductors are enclosed between two ribbons the material of which has the same coefficient of thermal expansion as the light - wave conductors . the ribbons consist preferably of fiberglass - reinforced plastic . the ribbon line may be disposed within an outer jacket , and therein arranged straight or curved or , in the case of several ribbon lines , in ordered or random fashion and about a core of the light - wave conductor cable . | 6 |
The surfaces of many white dwarfs are polluted by metals, implying a recent accretion event. The tidal disruption of planetesimals is a viable source of white dwarf pollution and offers a unique window into the composition of exoplanet systems. The question of how planetary material enters the tidal disruption radius of the white dwarf is currently unresolved. Using a series of N-body simulations, we explore the response of the surrounding planetesimal debris disk as the white dwarf receives a natal kick caused by anisotropic mass loss on the asymptotic giant branch. We find that the kick can form an apse-aligned, eccentric debris disk in the range 30–240 au, which corresponds to the orbits of Neptune, the Kuiper Belt, and the scattered disk in our solar system. In addition, many planetesimals beyond 240 au flip to counterrotating orbits. Assuming an isotropic distribution of kicks, we predict that approximately 80% of white dwarf debris disks should exhibit significant apsidal alignment and a fraction of counterrotating orbits. The eccentric disk is able to efficiently and continuously torque planetesimals onto radial, star-grazing orbits. We show that the kick causes both an initial burst in tidal disruption events as well as an extended period of 100 Myr where tidal disruption rates are consistent with observed mass accretion rates on polluted white dwarfs. | 9 |
a device for a hydraulic cutting tool for cutting of at least one pipe or tubular object beneath a water floor , wherein the cutting is carried out from a surface facility . the cutting tool is anchored in a pressure tight manner in the pipe , whereupon pressurised gas is pumped into a pipe section immediately below the cutting tool . with this , liquid , and eventually pressurised gas , will flow out of the pipe section via a short drain pipe through the cutting tool , so as to create a gas filled pipe volume comprising the relevant cutting depth in the pipe section . the invention differs from prior art by the outflowing liquid being led onwards up to the surface facility via a drain line . the upper end portion of the drain line is connected to at least one adjustable choke device . this allows the gas overpressure in said pipe volume to be controlled during the cutting , providing optimal operating conditions during the hydraulic cutting . | 4 |
Astrophysical objects possessing a material surface (white dwarfs, young stars, etc.) may accrete gas from the disc through the so-called surface boundary layer (BL), in which the angular velocity of the accreting gas experiences a sharp drop. Acoustic waves excited by the supersonic shear in the BL play an important role in mediating the angular momentum and mass transport through that region. Here we examine the characteristics of the angular momentum transport produced by the different types of wave modes emerging in the inner disc, using the results of a large suite of hydrodynamic simulations of the BLs. We provide a comparative analysis of the transport properties of different modes across the range of relevant disc parameters. In particular, we identify the types of modes that are responsible for the mass accretion on to the central object. We find the correlated perturbations of surface density and radial velocity to provide an important contribution to the mass accretion rate. Although the wave-driven transport is intrinsically non-local, we do observe a clear correlation between the angular momentum flux injected into the disc by the waves and the mass accretion rate through the BL. We find the efficiency of angular momentum transport (normalized by thermal pressure) to be a weak function of the flow Mach number. We also quantify the wave-driven evolution of the inner disc, in particular the modification of the angular frequency profile in the disc. Our results pave the way for understanding wave-mediated transport in future three-dimensional, magnetohydrodynamic studies of the BLs. | 9 |
We present the panchromatic spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of the Local Volume Legacy (LVL) survey which consists of 258 nearby galaxies (D < 11 Mpc). The wavelength coverage spans the ultraviolet to the infrared (1500 Å-24 μm) which is utilized to derive global physical properties (i.e. star formation rate, stellar mass, internal extinction due to dust). With these data, we find colour-colour relationships and correlated trends between observed and physical properties (i.e. optical magnitudes and dust properties, optical colour and specific star formation rate, and ultraviolet-infrared colour and metallicity). The SEDs are binned by different galaxy properties to reveal how each property affects the observed shape of these SEDs. In addition, due to the volume-limited nature of LVL, we utilize the dwarf-dominated galaxy sample to test star formation relationships established with higher mass galaxy samples. We find good agreement with the star-forming `main-sequence' relationship, but find a systematic deviation in the infrared `main sequence' at low luminosities. This deviation is attributed to suppressed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) formation in low-metallicity environments and/or the destruction of PAHs in more intense radiation fields occurring near a suggested threshold in star formation rates (sSFR) at a value of log(sSFR) ∼ -10.2. | 9 |
a high temperature fuel cell installation includes at least one high temperature fuel cell block with an anode part and a cathode part . a process for operating the high temperature fuel cell installation includes feeding at least a portion of anode waste gas from the high temperature fuel cell block as working medium to a gas motor coupled to a generator in order to increase energy production . this measure guarantees highly efficient and flexible energy production . | 7 |
provided are crystalline form i of - n -- phenylamino )- 3 - cyano - 7 - ethoxy - quinolin - 6 - yl )- 3 - propenamide dimaleate , preparation methods thereof , and pharmaceutical compositions containing the same . the crystalline form i of shr1258 dimaleate has good crystal stability and chemical stability , and can be used in the preparation of medicaments for treating diseases related to egfr receptor tyrosine kinase or her - 2 receptor tyrosine kinase . | 2 |
systems and methods include up - converting a uwb frequency pulse from a uwb radar unit to a v band frequency pulse ; transmitting the v band frequency pulse via an active array antenna ; receiving a v band echo pulse via the active array antenna ; down - converting the v band echo pulse from the active array antenna to a uwb pulse ; and feeding the uwb pulse to the uwb radar unit for processing by the uwb radar unit . a v band antenna system includes : an antenna board that defines an antenna plane being the plane of the board and comprising a plurality of antenna elements ; a mother board providing a corporate combining feed to the antenna board ; and a power management board to which the antenna board and mother board are mounted perpendicularly to the antenna plane , wherein the antenna elements provide a beam forming antenna for ultra wide band pulses at v band frequencies . | 6 |
methods for controlling sugar feeding insects by a chemical compositions which includes mixing an extract of flowers and of fruit , or their components in water with predetermined amount of sugar mixture and oral toxin . the methods also concern applying an effective amount of the insect bait to an area to be controlled and trapping or killing the insects by a bait stations . methods of applying and the parameters of choosing a suitable location for applying the bait are disclosed . | 0 |
We study the development and saturation of the m =1 one-armed spiral instability in remnants of binary neutron star mergers by means of high-resolution long-term numerical relativity simulations. Our results suggest that this instability is a generic outcome of neutron star mergers in astrophysically relevant configurations, including both "stiff" and "soft" nuclear equations of state. We find that, once seeded at merger, the m =1 mode saturates within ∼10 ms and persists over secular time scales. Gravitational waves emitted by the m =1 instability have a peak frequency around 1-2 kHz and, if detected, they could be used to constrain the equation of state of neutron stars. We construct hybrid waveforms spanning the entire Advanced LIGO band by combining our high-resolution numerical data with state-of-the-art effective-one-body waveforms including tidal effects. We use the complete hybrid waveforms to study the detectability of the one-armed spiral instability for both Advanced LIGO and the Einstein Telescope. We conclude that the one-armed spiral instability is not an efficient gravitational wave emitter. Even under very optimistic assumptions, Advanced LIGO will only be able to detect the one-armed instability up to ∼3 Mpc , which corresponds to an event rate of 10<SUP>-7</SUP> yr<SUP>-1</SUP> to 10<SUP>-4</SUP> yr<SUP>-1</SUP> . Third-generation detectors or better will likely be required to observe the one-armed instability. | 9 |
We develop a dynamical theory for the origin of nuclear rings in barred galaxies. In analogy with the standard theory of accretion discs, our theory is based on shear viscous forces among nested annuli of gas. However, the fact that gas follows non-circular orbits in an external barred potential has profound consequences: it creates a region of reverse shear in which it is energetically favourable to form a stable ring that does not spread despite dissipation. Our theory allows us to approximately predict the size of the ring given the underlying gravitational potential. The size of the ring is loosely related to the location of the Inner Lindblad Resonance in the epicyclic approximation, but the predicted location is more accurate and is also valid for strongly barred potentials. By comparing analytical predictions with the results of hydrodynamical simulations, we find that our theory provides a viable mechanism for ring formation if the effective sound speed of the gas is low (c_s≲ 1 {km s^{-1}}), but that nuclear spirals/shocks created by pressure destroy the ring when the sound speed is high (c_s∼eq 10 {km s^{-1}}). We conclude that whether this mechanism for ring formation is relevant for real galaxies ultimately depends on the effective equation of state of the interstellar medium (ISM). Promising confirmation comes from simulations in which the ISM is modelled using state-of-the-art cooling functions coupled to live chemical networks, but more tests are needed regarding the role of turbulence driven by stellar feedback. If the mechanism is relevant in real galaxies, it could provide a powerful tool to constrain the gravitational potential, in particular the bar pattern speed. | 9 |
molten salt solar receiver and procedure to reduce the temperature gradient in said receiver . the receiver consists of at least one panel of semi cylindrical geometry , formed by a combination of vertical pipes . the receiver is supplied with a heat transfer fluid made up of molten salts which originate from a recirculation system which is composed of a mixture deposit , a hot salt storage tank and a cold salt storage tank ; the mixture tank which is supplied by a part of the hot heat transfer fluid which exits the receiver and the cold heat transfer fluid which exits the cold salt storage tank ; the hot salt storage tank is connected to the exit of the receiver so that a part of the heat transfer fluid which does not recirculate is stored . | 8 |
a method and composition for the prevention , amelioration or control of external parasites on animals and humans utilizing a compound of formula i . or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof , wherein r is halogen , or 7 , so m r 8 , no 2 , cn , c 1 - c 6 haloalkyl or an optionally substituted c 1 - c 6 alkyl group ; n is 0 or an integer of 1 , 2 or 3 ; m is 0 or an integer of 1 or 2 ; r 1 is h , halogen , no 2 , nr 9 r 10 , nr 11 cor 12 , nchnr 9 r 10 or nchor 13 ; r 2 , r 3 , r 4 , r 5 and r 6 are each independently h , halogen or a c 1 - c 4 alkyl , aryl or heteroaryl group each optionally substituted ; r 7 is h or a c 1 - c 6 alkyl , c 2 - c 6 alkenyl , c 2 - c 6 alkynyl , aryl or heteroaryl group each optionally substituted ; r 8 is a c 1 - c 6 alkyl , c 2 - c 6 alkenyl , c 2 - c 6 alkynyl , aryl or heteroaryl group , each optionally substituted ; r 9 and r 10 are each independently h , c 1 - c 4 haloalkyl or a c 1 - c 6 alkyl , c 2 - c 6 alkenyl , c 2 - c 6 alkynyl , aryl or heteroaryl group each optionally substituted or r 9 and r 10 may be taken together with the atom to which they are attached to form a 5 - to 7 - membered ring optionally containing 1 or 2 additional heteroatoms selected from o , n or s ; r 11 is h , cor 12 or an optionally substituted c 1 - c 4 alkyl group ; r 12 is a c 1 - c 6 alkyl , c 2 - c 6 alkenyl , c 2 - c 6 alkynyl , aryl or heteroaryl group each optionally substituted ; and r 13 is h or a c 1 - c 6 alkyl , aryl or heteroaryl group each optionally substituted ; or a stereoisomer or tautomer thereof . | 0 |
We examine the effect of a jet transversal structure from magnetohydrodynamic semi-analytical modelling on the total intensity profiles of relativistic jets from active galactic nuclei. In order to determine the conditions for forming double- and triple-peaked transverse intensity profiles, we calculate the radiative transfer for synchrotron emission with self-absorption from the jets described by the models with a constant angular velocity and with a total electric current closed inside a jet. We show that double-peaked profiles appear either in the models with high maximal Lorentz factors or in optically thick conditions. We show that triple-peaked profiles in radio galaxies constrain the fraction of the emitting particles in a jet. We introduce the possible conditions for triple-peaked profiles under the assumptions that non-thermal electrons are preferably located at the jet edges or are distributed according to Ohmic heating. | 9 |
The mass discrepancy acceleration relation (MDAR) describes the coupling between baryons and dark matter (DM) in galaxies: the ratio of total-to-baryonic mass at a given radius anticorrelates with the acceleration due to baryons. The MDAR has been seen as a challenge to the Λ cold dark matter (ΛCDM) galaxy formation model, while it can be explained by Modified Newtonian Dynamics. In this Letter, we show that the MDAR arises in a ΛCDM cosmology once observed galaxy scaling relations are taken into account. We build semi-empirical models based on ΛCDM haloes, with and without the inclusion of baryonic effects, coupled to empirically motivated structural relations. Our models can reproduce the MDAR: specifically, a mass-dependent density profile for DM haloes can fully account for the observed MDAR shape, while a universal profile shows a discrepancy with the MDAR of dwarf galaxies with M<SUP>⋆</SUP> < 10<SUP>9.5</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB>, a further indication suggesting the existence of DM cores. Additionally, we reproduce slope and normalization of the baryonic Tully-Fisher relation (BTFR) with 0.17 dex scatter. These results imply that in ΛCDM (I) the MDAR is driven by structural scaling relations of galaxies and DM density profile shapes, and (II) the baryonic fractions determined by the BTFR are consistent with those inferred from abundance-matching studies. | 9 |
Excess infrared flux from white dwarf stars is likely to arise from a dusty debris disk or a cool companion. In this work, we present near-infrared spectroscopic observations with Keck/MOSFIRE, Gemini/GNIRS, and Gemini/Flamingos-2 of seven white dwarfs with infrared excesses identified in previous studies. We confirmed the presence of dust disks around four white dwarfs (Gaia J0611-6931, Gaia J0006+2858, Gaia J2100+2122, and WD 0145+234) as well as two new white dwarf-brown dwarf pairs (Gaia J0052+4505 and Gaia J0603+4518). In three of the dust disk systems, we detected for the first time near-infrared metal emissions (Mg I, Si I, and possibly Fe I) from a gaseous component of the disk. We developed a new Markov Chain Monte Carlo framework to constrain the geometric properties of each dust disk. In three systems, the dust disk and the gas disk appear to coincide spatially. For the two brown dwarf-white dwarf pairs, we identified broad molecular absorption features typically seen in L dwarfs. The origin of the infrared excess around Gaia J0723+6301 remains a mystery. Our study underlines how near-infrared spectroscopy can be used to determine sources of infrared excess around white dwarfs, which has now been detected photometrically in hundreds of systems. | 9 |
a self - cleaning , low - maintenance , water - saving automated animal watering device is provided which includes a watering tank moveable between a lower , water - full condition and an upper , water - low condition . preferably , one end of the tank is pivotally supported by a pivot shaft , while the other end of the tank is biased upwardly via a lower lift spring . the device also has a water fill assembly operably coupled with tank to selectively fill the tank when needed , and a drain valve assembly also coupled with tank in order to completely drain the tank on a periodic basis . a control assembly is coupled with at least the tank and drain valve assembly , and is operable to actuate the drain valve assembly after a predetermined number of movements of the tank between the elevated and lowered positions thereof . | 0 |
the invention includes synthetic immunochemical haptens for the generation of antibodies , the antibodies , and the medical treatment applications for using the antibodies . the antibodies are designed to recognize the common molecular features of d - methamphetamine - like abused stimulants , and will have insignificant cross - reactivity with endogenous substrates or over - the - counter medications . these monoclonal antibodies and their antigen binding fragments are useful in treatment plans for recovering addicts , in emergency room settings for rapidly reversing a drug overdose , in protection of fetuses or fetus from drug - abusing pregnant mothers or in a psychiatric setting to reduce the exacerbation of psychotic disorders caused by stimulant drugs . | 0 |
a pivotable safety gate having a pair of spaced apart parallel support frames which each have a distal end and a proximal end . the frames each have a support stanchion which is disposed adjacent the proximal end of the frame . the stanchions support a pivotable pair of gates . when one gate is down , the other gate is up . this gate assembly is utilizable at mezzanine floors where security and safety at edges of those floors are important . the gates prevent accidents and improper entry into areas which should be off limits to passage . | 4 |
the present invention relates to an electromagnet valve including a valve housing in which a valve closure member is movably guided , a magnet armature fitted to the valve closure member and executing a stroke movement in the direction of a magnet core arranged in the valve housing in dependence on the electromagnetic excitation of a valve coil fitted on the valve housing , and a spring which , in the electromagnetically non - excited valve position , positions the magnet armature at a defined axial distance from the magnet core so that the magnet armature is separated from the magnet core by an interspace . in addition to spring , a spring element is interposed between the end surface of the magnet armature and the end surface of the magnet core . | 5 |
a shield for use by police and law enforcement is disclosed . the shield has a variety of features useful in encounters with unknown persons , including a video capture mechanism . | 5 |
a mechanism to enable secure identification of roaming rights prior to authentication / association is provided . the mechanism may include using a roaming id , and may also include the use of wild cards and group ids to reduce the length of transmissions . the mechanism may further employ public key infrastructure and puzzles to further enhance security and reduce the risk of denial of service attacks . | 7 |
a semiconductor fabrication technique is provided for producing a low resistivity polycide . polycide resistivity is lowered by minimizing areas where the polycide is unduly thin . by preparing the polysilicon upper surface prior to polycide formation thereon , the polysilicon surface can grow polycide at a uniform rate across the entire polysilicon surface . the polysilicon surface is prepared by either restricting doping atoms at grain boundary locations at the polysilicon surface , or by disrupting the grain boundaries by ion implanting that surface . in either instance , a properly prepared polysilicon surface greatly enhances the conductivity of polycide grown thereon . | 7 |
a system for delivering tooling around the annulus of a steam generator without damaging any part of the steam generator is provided where the tooling delivery device travels between the tube bundle and the vessel shell and delivers tooling for cleaning , inspection , retrieval and repair . the device has various types of locomotion system including treads , rollers , magnets and vacuum . the cleaning device has multiple high pressure nozzles that rotate 180 degrees about a horizontal axis and 360 degrees about a vertical axis enabling the device to sweep multiple lanes of tubes simultaneously and also clean the front and back of the annulus floor and tube sheet . | 5 |
bag - in - container having an inner layer forming a bag filled with a fluid , the bag being separatable from an outer layer forming the container . the bag - in - container has a mouth fluidly connecting the volume defined by the bag to the atmosphere and separated therefrom by a seal . the container further having at least one space vent fluidly connecting the space between inner and outer layers and to the atmosphere . a vent provides a closure to control the gas flow between the space and the atmosphere . the space contains an amount of gas at a pressure insufficient to compress the bag to drive out more than 80 % of the fluid contained therein . the present invention also concerns a kit of parts including a bag - in - container and a dispensing appliance . | 1 |
The library is stable, several people use it. Making a first release allows for it to be archive at Zenodo, simplifying reproducibility and making it easier to cite. | 9 |
the invention relates to technology for avoiding the influence of intake air volumetric flow rate changing due to contamination of a throttle valve opening . when the opening of the throttle valve of an internal combustion engine is large , the atmospheric pressure is estimated based on , the intake air volumetric flow rate which is estimated based on the throttle valve opening , and on a separately detected intake air mass flow rate . after this , within a predetermined time for example , when the opening of the throttle valve changes to a small opening while the atmospheric pressure is virtually constant , the atmospheric pressure is similarly estimated based on the estimated intake air volumetric flow rate and on the detected intake air mass flow rate . a relationship between the throttle valve opening and a value related to the throttle valve opening is then learned and corrected so that the latter estimated atmospheric pressure which is influenced by contamination of the throttle valve approaches the former estimated atmospheric pressure of high reliability which is not influenced by contamination of the throttle valve . as a result , the atmospheric pressure can be estimated to good accuracy even when the throttle valve is maintained in the low opening region . in addition , the performance of the various controls based on the throttle valve opening can be improved . | 5 |
a high pressure pump system for use with a hydraulic engine system , such as a fuel injection system or a compression release brake system , provides variable delivery of pressurized fluid using sleeve metering principles . the relative position of metering sleeves with respect to pumping pistons is controlled electro - hydraulically by a control circuit . the control circuit receives pressurized fluid from the pump delivery gallery or another high pressure area and , using a pressure reducer , reduces the operating pressure within the control circuit to a substantially constant pressure lower than the pump output pressure . lower operating pressure within the control circuit improves the manufacturability of the control circuit components and helps to achieve better control of the pump output . | 5 |
a locking jaw assembly having a workpiece clamping top jaw securely interconnectable to a master jaw by a key locator and a lock bolt wherein the top jaw may be readily removed from the master jaw by simply loosening the lock bolt and another top jaw may be readily interconnected to the master jaw with repeatable precision by retightening the loosened lock bolt . the secure interconnection of the top jaw to the master jaw by the key locator and lock bolt is augmented by a lip portion of the master jaw received in a complementary shaped groove disposed on a flange of the top jaw wherein forces exerted by the workpiece on the top jaw tend to move the top jaw into closer contact with the master jaw and relieve tensile stresses on the key locator . | 1 |
a system and method for aligning optical fibers that takes into account variations due to temperature changes and other nonrandom systemic effects . the system includes an alignment tool having a plurality of internal reflection surfaces and located below a vision plane of the first one of the pair of optical fibers , and an optical detector to receive an indirect image of a bottom surface of the first optical fiber through the alignment tool , such an offset between the first optical fiber and the optical detector is determined based on the indirect image received by the optical detector . the method comprises the steps of providing a cornercube offset tool having a plurality of total internal reflection surfaces below a vision plane of the first optical fiber , and receiving an indirect image of the first optical fiber through the cornercube offset tool . | 7 |
an apparatus and method for connecting a first conduit to the heart without cardiopulmonary bypass . the first conduit may be attached to a second conduit having a prosthetic device interposed . the second conduit may then be connected to the aorta . the prosthetic device may be a prosthetic valve . the apparatus includes an implantable connector with first conduit component , a coring component , a retractor expansion component slidably coupled to the coring component , and a pushing component . the retractor expansion component seats against and separates the inside wall of the left ventricle so that the coring component cuts cleanly through the myocardium , forming a tissue plug . by remaining seated against the inside wall , the retractor expansion component follows the tissue plug into the coring component . the surgeon applies force and rotary motion to the pushing component sufficient to cut the tissue plug and implant the prosthetic component . | 0 |
systems and programs for improving the efficiency of a sorting process in a computer system are disclosed . data is provided in an input file external to the central processing unit of the computer system . in one embodiment , the implemented process involves investigating the contents of the input file in order to identify presorted portions thereof ; incorporating the identified presorted portions of the input file into a second file external to the central processing unit , performing this step by rearranging directory information , without physically transferring the presorted portions from the input file . in sort processes involving both a string generation phase and a merge phase , the techniques described may be used in either or both phases , as well as in any output phase . rearrange directory information rather than physically transferring data provides for greater efficiency in disk i / o . | 6 |
an apparatus for frequency synchronization is proposed to detect a synchronization signal from the baseband signals . it is featured that three types of detection values are introduced to detect whether the synchronization signal is received or not . more particularly , the claimed frequency synchronization apparatus provides at least one signal power generator for receiving a predetermined number of symbols of the baseband signals , and further calculating an average quality value therefore . further , the apparatus includes a signal selector for producing a first detection value according to the average quality value . still further , the apparatus provides a decision unit to produce a second detection value . after that , a signal processor inside the decision unit is used to calculate a third detection value as combining the first detection value and the second detection . consequently , the decision unit particularly decides whether the synchronization signal is received or not in reference with the third detection value . | 7 |
a support member for semiconductor device elements includes a conductive layer separated from the semiconductor elements by an insulative layer . a protective potential lower than any operating potential applied to the semiconductor device elements is applied to the conductive layer . the relatively negative potential on the conductive layer forms an electric field for gettering mobile ions from layers of the support member both above and below the conductive layer . additionally , the conductive layer within the support member serves as a second plate in construction of capacitors and as a wiring layer for use with the semiconductor device elements . also , due to the reflective properties of the conductive layer , it may function as a light shield or reflector in the construction of optic devices . | 7 |
a dynamic material picking method for a warehouse system . the original materials picking list can be divided effectively and be combined or assigned as a new materials picking list . the picking operation is adjustable in response to any new order such that the loading of the picking staff is down and the job assignments are optimized . | 6 |
a package includes a box having an interior volume and a first pocket disposed at a first corner of the box . the first pocket includes a lip configured for a finger of a user to be inserted therein for removal of the package from a storage unit . | 1 |
the invention relates to a measuring apparatus for measuring a filling level of a container , which measuring apparatus has a measuring arm with a float element which is designed to change its angular position about a rotation axis depending on the filling level . a magnet element is connected to one end of the measuring arm in a rotationally fixed manner . a magnet - sensitive element is designed to output a measurement signal depending on the angular position of the magnet element . the measuring apparatus is characterized in that the measuring arm is mounted in a first bearing and additionally in a second bearing , wherein the magnet element is arranged in an intermediate space between the first bearing and the second bearing . | 6 |
the present method and apparatus are directed to a fire control system for use with a drilling rig . multiple nozzle means are positioned around a drilling rig at selected locations to spray water delivered through fire hoses onto the rig to prevent fire damage . the equipment utilizes a skid - mounted engine and connected centrifugal pump for delivery of water from a closed storage tank . an engine control unit adjusts the throttle to an operating speed which delivers no water during normal operation . subject to control by switch means on the rig floor , either hard wired or by means of a radio transmitter and receiver arrangement , the engine control unit switches the engine to maximum power output . an alarm is also sounded when this occurs . so long as the engine is running , operating lights signal rig personnel that the equipment is operative . the equipment is switched from a slow speed operation to a maximum power output to deliver water under control of rig personnel . | 0 |
a chronological spatial map where the user interface changes because of interactive encapsulated data that is dynamically updated due to data input , restful api &# 39 ; s , variate nonlinear functions , geolocation radius queries , vector graphics or other forms of media on a layered chronologically contained spatial map in real - time . custom event data can be shown and triggered to display dynamic visualizations and animations in all data formats . when the input is constrained the system triggers in real - time to display the encapsulated data uniquely the way the event manifests . | 6 |
a multidimensional spectrometer provides broadband white light pump and probe pulses to allow acquisition of multidimensional spectral information over a wide range commensurate with solar - related chemical processes . | 6 |
Dual-mode visible/near-infrared imaging systems, including a bioinspired six-channel design and more conventional four-channel implementations, have transitioned from a niche in surveillance to general use in machine vision. However, the demosaicing routines that transform the raw images from these sensors into processed images that can be consumed by humans or computers rely on assumptions that may not be appropriate when the two portions of the spectrum contribute different information about a scene. A solution can be found in a family of demosaicing routines that utilize interpolating polynomials and splines of different dimensionalities and orders to process images with minimal assumptions. | 9 |
a database system and method for organizing data elements according to a hilbert curve , said data elements being representable by a plurality of coordinates , said database system comprising : first means for generating a plurality of bitblocks by bitwise interleaving the coordinates of the data elements ; second means for applying a fliprot transformation to a first bitblock ; said fliprot transformation comprising a flip transformation and a rot transformation , said flip transformation inverting bits of said bitblock , said rot transformation interchanging bits of said bitblock ; third means for obtaining , for each further bitblock , a fliprot transformation by a concatenation of two or more fliprot transformations ; and fourth means for applying fliprot transformations to their corresponding bitblock ; whereby the bitblock bits determine the organization of said data elements according to said hilbert curve . | 8 |
this invention relates to a topical sunless tanning composition , in particular a topical sunless tanning composition which provides an immediate colour effect . there is much interest in effectuating a tan via cosmetic means . most prominent among the sunless tanning agents is dihydroxyacetone . however , a problem with using dha to tan the skin is the length of time it takes for the skin to develop colour . thus , in a first aspect of the invention , a topical sunless tanning composition is provided , the topical sunless tanning composition comprising : 0 . 01 - 10 , preferably 0 . 1 - 5 w / w a polyphenol selected from the group consisting of - catechin , - catechin , - epicatechin , - epicatechin , epigallocatechin gallate , - epigallocatechin , - catechin gallate , epicatechin gallate , or mixtures thereof ; a peroxidase or laccase 0 . 0001 - 3 preferably 0 . 001 - 1 , most preferably 0 . 01 - 1 w / w hydrogen peroxide or a hydrogen peroxide generator when peroxidase is present ; and a dermatologically acceptable vehicle . | 0 |
a method , system and article of manufacture incorporates a financial institution computer system for extracting financial data within a data base , formatting the data and transmitting the formatted data via electronic mail . electronic information on financial accounts of a customer is maintained within the data base in the financial institution computer system . the electronic information is processed to identify and extract pre - selected data and the processed data is electronically formatted for transmission to the customer via electronic mail to a location designated by the customer via electronic mail for storage within and readout on a computer system of the customer . | 6 |
a tuning circuit for a high frequency receiver in which the received frequency is determined by a voltage - controlled oscillator , the present tuning frequency is indicated by a counter connected to the oscillator and producing a representation of each digit of the decimal number identifying the current received frequency , representations of the digits of the number identifying the desired received frequency are fed in via a keyboard , and the decimal number representations are compared in a comparator to produce a control voltage that brings the oscillator frequency to the desired value , and in which the comparator is capable of comparing only one digit of the number representations at a time and receives the digits of corresponding significance in sequence , starting with the most significant digit , and the rate at which the control voltage is varied is made inversely proportional to the number of changes in the direction of the inequality of the digits of one of the number representations being compared relative to the corresponding digits of the other number representation being compared . | 7 |
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are produced during the propagation of ultra-relativistic jets. It is challenging to study the jet close to the central source, due to the high opacity of the medium. In this paper, we present numerical simulations of relativistic jets propagating through a massive, stripped envelope star associated to long GRBs, breaking out of the star and accelerating into the circumstellar medium. We compute the gravitational wave (GW) signal resulting from the propagation of the jet through the star and the circumstellar medium. We show that key parameters of the jet propagation can be directly determined by the GW signal. The signal presents a first peak corresponding to the jet duration and a second peak which corresponds to the break-out time for an observer located close to the jet axis (which in turn depends on the stellar size), or to much larger times (corresponding to the end of the acceleration phase) for off-axis observers. We also show that the slope of the GW signal before and around the first peak tracks the jet luminosity history and the structure of the progenitor star. The amplitude of the GW signal is h<SUB>+</SUB>D ~ hundreds to several thousands cm. Although this signal, for extragalactic sources, is outside the range of detectability of current GW detectors, it can be detected by future instruments as BBO, DECIGO, and ALIA. Our results illustrate that future detections of GW associated to GRB jets may represent a revolution in our understanding of this phenomenon. | 9 |
A new hot line list is calculated for <SUP>12</SUP>CH<SUB>4</SUB> in its ground electronic state. This line list, called 10to10, contains 9.8 billion transitions and should be complete for temperatures up to 1500 K. It covers the wavelengths longer than 1 μm and includes all transitions to upper states with energies below hc · 18 000 cm<SUP>-1</SUP> and rotational excitation up to J = 39. The line list is computed using the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of CH<SUB>4</SUB> obtained by variational solution of the Schrödinger equation for the rotation-vibration motion of nuclei employing program TROVE and a new `spectroscopic' potential energy surface (PES) obtained by refining an ab initio PES (CCSD(T)-F12c/aug-cc-pVQZ) through least-squares fitting to the experimentally derived energies with J = 0-4 and a previously reported ab initio dipole moment surface (CCSD(T)-F12c/aug-cc-pVTZ). Detailed comparisons with other available sources of methane transitions including HITRAN, experimental compilations and other theoretical line lists show that these sources lack transitions both higher temperatures and near-infrared wavelengths. The 10to10 line list is suitable for modelling atmospheres of cool stars and exoplanets. It is available from the CDS data base as well as at www.exomol.com. | 9 |
a ccd device includes multiplication elements arranged so as to multiply charge by clocking with a high voltage . an additional region beneath the high voltage electrode is so doped in relation to at least the preceding electrode as to have a higher depleted charge density than under the preceding electrode . this assists in preventing high energy electrodes from encountering the silicon surface of the semiconductor . | 7 |
We completed a meta-analysis of regional and global climate model simulations (n = 96) of the impact of Amazonian deforestation on Amazon basin rainfall. Across all simulations, mean (±1σ) change in annual mean Amazon basin rainfall was -12 ± 11%. Variability in simulated rainfall was not explained by differences in model resolution or surface parameters. Across all simulations we find a negative linear relationship between rainfall and deforestation extent, although individual studies often simulate a nonlinear response. Using the linear relationship, we estimate that deforestation in 2010 has reduced annual mean rainfall across the Amazon basin by 1.8 ± 0.3%, less than the interannual variability in observed rainfall. This may explain why a reduction in Amazon rainfall has not consistently been observed. We estimate that business-as-usual deforestation (based on deforestation rates prior to 2004) would lead to an 8.1 ± 1.4% reduction in annual mean Amazon basin rainfall by 2050, greater than natural variability. | 9 |
a model includes model layers on which a wireframe representation of objects located at geographic coordinates is stored in a memory such that surface detail of the objects increases from a base model layer to an uppermost model layer . digital data layers stored in the memory that encompass digital coordinates corresponding with the geographic coordinates . digital content for augmenting scenes is stored on pre - selected digital data layers at pre - selected digital coordinates on those layers . one or more of the digital data layers are logically linked with one or more of the model layers . when the location and spatial orientation of a mobile device in which a scene is viewed is received , the digital content on the digital data layer logically linked to one of the model layers is transmitted over a wireless communication channel to the mobile device . | 6 |
a hydraulic network interconnects a pump with one or more hydraulic jacks , the jacks being arranged at the ends of parallel segments of the hydraulic network , each segment including a safety check valve for isolating the respective jack of such segment from the remaining portions of the hydraulic network including the pump . the jack or jacks in the system are installed in the backcut of a tree so that forceably extending the ram of each such jack will cause the tree to be felled in the desired direction . each safety check valve includes a camming surface which can be manually positioned in the absence of a substantial load on the respective jack to override the normal automatic operation of the valve thereby maintaining the valve open to allow fluid to return from the respective jack through the valve when it is desired to collapse the jack after the tree has been felled . | 5 |
this invention concerns compounds of adamantanamines and neramexane , including their pharmaceutically - acceptable salts , diesterioisomers , and formulations for treating alzheimer &# 39 ; s related dementias , depression , aids related dementias , as antivirals , inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis , and cerebral ischemia , hyperlipidemia , and diabetes . | 2 |
a drive system for an automatic washer or dryer having a rotatable drum about a horizontal axis . an induction motor drives the drum and is connected to and disconnected from a source of alternating voltage by a microprocessor to control the speed of the motor . the microprocessor senses the zero crossing of the alternating voltage and the zero crossing of alternating current flowing in the motor to determine the time to connect the motor to the alternating voltage . the microprocessor analyzes successive readings of the motor &# 39 ; s back emf to detect undesirable load distributions and effect redistribution . | 8 |
TensorFlow is an end-to-end open source platform for machine learning. It has a comprehensive, flexible ecosystem of tools, libraries, and community resources that lets researchers push the state-of-the-art in ML and developers easily build and deploy ML-powered applications. | 9 |
<BR /> Aims: We inspect the four microlensing events KMT-2021-BLG-1968, KMT-2021-BLG-2010, KMT-2022-BLG-0371, and KMT-2022-BLG-1013, for which the light curves exhibit partially covered short-term central anomalies. We conduct detailed analyses of the events with the aim of revealing the nature of the anomalies. <BR /> Methods: We tested various models that can explain the anomalies of the individual events, including the binary-lens (2L1S) and binary-source (1L2S) interpretations. Under the 2L1S interpretation, we thoroughly inspected the parameter space to determine the existence of degenerate solutions, and if they existed, we tested whether the degeneracy could be resolved. <BR /> Results: We find that the anomalies in KMT-2021-BLG-2010 and KMT-2022-BLG-1013 are uniquely defined by planetary-lens interpretations with planet-to-host mass ratios of q ~ 2.8 × 10<SUP>−3</SUP> and ~1.6 × 10<SUP>−3</SUP>, respectively. For KMT-2022-BLG-0371, a planetary solution with a mass ratio q ~ 4 × 10<SUP>−4</SUP> is strongly favored over the other three degenerate 2L1S solutions with different mass ratios based on the χ<SUP>2</SUP> and relative proper motion arguments, and a 1L2S solution is clearly ruled out. For KMT-2021-BLG-1968, on the other hand, we find that the anomaly can be explained either by a planetary or a binary-source interpretation, making it difficult to firmly identify the nature of the anomaly. From the Bayesian analyses of the identified planetary events, we estimate that the masses of the planet and host are (M<SUB>p</SUB>/M<SUB>J</SUB>, M<SUB>h</SUB>/M<SUB>⊙</SUB>) = (1.07<SUB>−0.68</SUB><SUP>+1.15</SUP>, 0.37<SUB>−0.23</SUB><SUP>+0.40</SUP>), (0.26<SUB>−0.11</SUB><SUP>+0.13</SUP>, 0.63<SUB>−0.28</SUB><SUP>+0.32</SUP>), and (0.31<SUB>−0.16</SUB><SUP>+0.46</SUP>, 0.18<SUB>−0.10</SUB><SUP>+0.28</SUP>) for KMT-2021-BLG-2010L, KMT-2022-BLG-0371L, and KMT-2022-BLG-1013L, respectively. | 9 |
a liquid ejection apparatus includes a liquid ejection head that ejects a liquid and a switching device . the switching device includes a first on - off valve that selectively opens and closes a first supply passage at a position upstream from the joining point , and a second on - off valve that selectively opens and closes a second supply passage at a position upstream from the joining point . when the first on - off valve is open and the second on - off valve is closed , the liquid guide portion divides the first liquid into a first liquid flow proceeding from the first supply passage directly to the head supply passage and a second liquid flow flowing from the first supply passage into the head supply passage after passing the vicinity of the second on - off valve in the second supply passage . when the first on - off valve is closed and the second on - off valve is open , the liquid guide portion divides the second liquid into a third liquid flow proceeding from the second supply passage directly to the head supply passage and a fourth liquid flow flowing from the second supply passage into the head supply passage after passing the vicinity of the first on - off valve in the first supply passage . | 1 |
the compound of formula is useful as chain extender in the preparation of polymers , in particular of linear and cross - linkable , heparinizable , biocompatible polymers . | 8 |
overbased mgo dispersions with high magnesium content and acceptably low viscosities are reproducibly prepared without gel formation by heating to 280 - 360 ° c . a mixture of mgo , selected dispersants , low mw carboxylic acids , water and a combination of high boiling hydrocarbon and organic diluent , wherein water is more than 8 %, typically more than 10 % of the reaction mixture . no additional solubilizing or dispersing agents , promoters or reactants such as carbon dioxide , amines , alcohols etc are needed to obtain the desired dispersions . compositions such as lubricating oils and fuels containing the overbased magnesium dispersions as additives are also disclosed . | 2 |
compounds of the formula ## str1 ## or a pharmaceutically or agriculturally acceptable acid addition salt thereof , wherein r is 5 - chloro - 2 - pyridyl , or phenyl optionally substituted by one to three substituents , each independently selected from f , cl , br , i , cf 3 , c 1 - c 4 alkyl and c 1 - c 4 alkoxy ; r 1 is cn , csnh 2 or conr 2 r 3 where either r 2 is h or certain alkyl groups and r 3 is h or certain alkyl , substituted alkyl , aralkyl , phenyl or cycloalkyl groups , or r 2 and r 3 taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a nitrogen heterocyclic group , optionally containing an oxygen atom or nr 4 group , as a ring member and r 4 is h , c 1 - c 4 alkyl ; c 2 - c 4 alkanoyl or carbonyl ; r 5 and r 6 are each h or ch 3 ; methods for their use in combatting fungal infections in plants , seeds and animals , including humans , pharmaceutical and agricultural compositions containing them and intermediates therefor . | 2 |
an insole device configured to fit the profile of the human foot to promote proprioceptive stimulation of the golgi tendon organ . the midfoot section of the insole device has an asymmetric domed structure that is presented to the plantar aspect of the foot at a location found to be the anatomical apex of the foot &# 39 ; s arch system . the asymmetric domed structure displays physical properties to catalyse muscle group balancing by using the body &# 39 ; s proprioceptive feedback mechanisms . the asymmetric domed structure displays physical properties such that it does not provide functional bracing or support to the plantar aspect of the foot . the net result will be a more structurally sound foot capable of more energy efficient and less injury inducing use . the plantar aspect of the insole or midsole device is characterized by a dominant cavity having the ability to receive and interchange the biofeedback catalyst and the many forms therefore , as well as being characterized by provisions to ensure proper and permanent placement of the catalyst . | 0 |
a method of forming a pdc cutter having solvent metal catalyst located adjacent the diamond and / or in the diamond and a layer of reactive material on the layer of diamond , the layer of reactive material for promoting the flow of the solvent metal catalyst material from the layer of diamond under high pressure and high temperature . | 2 |
a computer program product for a performance analysis program embodied on a computer - readable medium and comprising code that , when executed , causes a computer to perform the following steps . the first step is executing a measurement start routine which starts a performance analysis . the second step is executing a measurement end routine which ends said performance analysis . the three step is executing a first time measurement command placed on at least one of before and after a first call statement which calls said measurement start routine . the fourth step is executing a second time measurement command placed on at least one of before and after a second call statement which calls said measurement end routine . | 6 |
an improved apparatus and method for operating a granular medium filter is disclosed . the apparatus comprises an improved underdrain structure made up of a plurality of rectangular compartments which allows the filter bed to be &# 34 ; air pulsed &# 34 ; as well as backwashed for thorough cleaning of the bed . nozzles are positioned within the rectangular compartments and directed vertically into the filter bed . fluid from the nozzles helps to break up the bed during backwashing as well as countereact size classification of the medium during this process . the method of operating a filter with the improved underdrain structure is also described . | 1 |
a data access and aggregation server for accessing and aggregating off - line message data for requesting users is provided wherein access is performed from a server location point on a data - packet - network . the data access and aggregation server comprises , at least one communication port for bi - directional data communication between the server and users accessing the server from remote access nodes having access to the network , at least one communication port for bi - directional communication between a server and remote communications systems operating on a telephone network , at least one data port for data communication between the server and a connected data repository , a processor for storing server software and communication software and a software application for enabling automated dialing and interaction with the remote communications systems . the server responding to requests from users dials destination numbers supplied by the users and upon connection therewith inputs any access codes required to trigger data playback whereupon the server records the played data and renders the data available to the requesting users . in some aspects the system also inputs access codes designed to trigger playback of message data at off - line systems . | 7 |
A product of two Gaussians (or normal distributions) is another Gaussian. That's a valuable and useful fact! Here we use it to derive a refactoring of a common product of multivariate Gaussians: The product of a Gaussian likelihood times a Gaussian prior, where some or all of those parameters enter the likelihood only in the mean and only linearly. That is, a linear, Gaussian, Bayesian model. This product of a likelihood times a prior pdf can be refactored into a product of a marginalized likelihood (or a Bayesian evidence) times a posterior pdf, where (in this case) both of these are also Gaussian. The means and variance tensors of the refactored Gaussians are straightforward to obtain as closed-form expressions; here we deliver these expressions, with discussion. The closed-form expressions can be used to speed up and improve the precision of inferences that contain linear parameters with Gaussian priors. We connect these methods to inferences that arise frequently in physics and astronomy. If all you want is the answer, the question is posed and answered at the beginning of Section 3. We show two toy examples, in the form of worked exercises, in Section 4. The solutions, discussion, and exercises in this Note are aimed at someone who is already familiar with the basic ideas of Bayesian inference and probability. | 9 |
the invention provides trma methyl transferase polypeptides and polynucleotides encoding trmd polypeptides and methods for producing such polypeptides by recominant techniques from strepococcus pneumoniae . also provided are methods for utilizing polypepides to screen for antibacterial compounds . | 0 |
a method and a device to be used in the process of manufacturing plates , such as fibreboards or the like boards , where the raw material in form of bio - mass particles , such as wood fibres or the like , applied with a thermosetting binder is spread onto a forming belt to form a mat , and where said mat by means of a hot press is compressed into the desired thickness of the finished plate and the thermosetting binder is hardened . according to the inventing a system and corresponding method for manufacturing biomass - based products is provided that has enhanced efficiency due to the application of ultra sound . | 1 |
radiator slots spaced along a main waveguide are coupled to respective array element ports through branch waveguides proportioned to provide equal length transmission paths from a common feed port on the main waveguide . | 7 |
We present high-definition observations with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) of >1000 Cepheids in a geometric anchor of the distance ladder, NGC 4258, and in five hosts of eight Type Ia supernovae, a far greater sample than previous studies with JWST. These galaxies individually contain the largest samples of Cepheids, an average of >150 each, producing the strongest statistical comparison to those previously measured with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) in the near-infrared (NIR). They also span the distance range of those used to determine the Hubble constant with HST, allowing us to search for a distance-dependent bias in HST measurements. The superior resolution of JWST negates crowding noise, the largest source of variance in the NIR Cepheid period–luminosity relations (Leavitt laws) measured with HST. Together with the use of two epochs to constrain Cepheid phases and three filters to remove reddening, we reduce the dispersion in the Cepheid P–L relations by a factor of 2.5. We find no significant difference in the mean distance measurements determined from HST and JWST, with a formal difference of ‑0.01 ± 0.03 mag. This result is independent of zero-points and analysis variants including metallicity dependence, local crowding, choice of filters, and slope of the relations. We can reject the hypothesis of unrecognized crowding of Cepheid photometry from HST that grows with distance as the cause of the "Hubble tension" at 8.2σ, i.e., greater confidence than that of the Hubble tension itself. We conclude that errors in photometric measurements of Cepheids across the distance ladder do not significantly contribute to the tension. | 9 |
a data coding method produces codewords with a scheme that changes for different codewords , and decodes codewords with a scheme that remains constant for all codewords . the coding method receives k user bits , codes the user bits to produce k + r output bits , corrupts any one of the output bits , and accurately reproduces at least k − r − 1 user bits . the data coding method may code an input sequence to produce a codeword c =, c , . . . , c , c0 , c1 , . . . , c ), where for 0 ≦ i ≦ k − 1 , symbols are determined according to the following : c f 0 = c = b ⊕ c f 1 ⊕ c f 2 ⊕ . . . ⊕ c fr ii where c i and b i are corresponding user data and codeword bits at time i . in this case , for each of a plurality of input sequences , appropriate initial conditions , . . . , c , c )= s are independently selecting to satisfy a predetermined property in the codeword coded according to ii . codewords coded using the appropriate initial conditions are output . for each codeword , the appropriate initial conditions are appended to the codeword coded therefrom . | 7 |
a networked camera for controlling electronic devices is provided . the camera includes a camera module for obtaining images , a remote control module for generating remote control signals for electronic devices , and a module for controlling orientation of the remote control module . the remote control module includes an ir beam emitter for generating ir remote control signals . in response to a control command from a user device , the camera identifies a target electronic device , an orientation associated with the target electronic device . the camera changes orientation of a remote control module toward the target electronic device using the identified orientation and transmit an ir control signal for controlling the target electronic device . | 7 |
the invention relates to a “ flexible computer input ”, determined from the data from a touch - sensitive input surface for fingertip positions and pressure trigger regions in comparison with a stored topography for the input signal of a computer . the base topography and the layout topography determined therefrom , can be changed and can thus be adjusted to ergonomically match individual hands and working practices . said topography may be dynamically altered : progressive changes may be made and allowed for , such that a matching of the inputs to individual practices occurs . an input surface which is as transparent as possible displays layouts or objects and works like a touchscreen or visualized touch area . an optional fine - motor feedback can be achieved by means of a surface of elastic construction with a determined geometry . the input is suitable for simplifying various tasks by the simultaneous recognition of two fingers . | 6 |
a method of forming a compound semiconductor substrate includes providing a crystalline base substrate having a first semiconductor material and a main surface , and forming a first semiconductor layer on the main surface and having a pair of tracks disposed on either side of active device regions . the first semiconductor layer is formed from a second semiconductor material having a different coefficient of thermal expansion than the first semiconductor material . the pair of tracks have a relatively weaker crystalline structure than the active device regions . the method further includes thermally cycling the base substrate and the first semiconductor layer such that the first semiconductor layer expands and contracts at a different rate than the base substrate . the pair of tracks physically decouple adjacent ones of the active device regions during the thermal cycling . | 7 |
a process is disclosed for preparing a thermoplastic composition having elastic memory and containing polyurethane interlocked in a network of polycaprolactone . the product of the aforementioned process is particularly useful as orthopedic cast or immobilizing device . | 8 |
pattern controllers located in discharge slots of an active beam comprise a series of planar paddles hinged on an axis disposed at an angle to the planar surface of a side of the discharge slot thereby producing discharged air displacement in both the horizontal and vertical directions when the paddles are rotated . | 5 |
A fundamental endeavor in exoplanetary research is to characterize the bulk compositions of planets via measurements of their masses and radii. With future sample sizes of hundreds of planets to come from TESS and PLATO, we develop a statistical method that can flexibly yet robustly characterize these compositions empirically, via the exoplanet M-R relation. Although the M-R relation has been explored in many prior works, they mostly use a power-law model, with assumptions that are not flexible enough to capture important features in current and future M-R diagrams. To address these shortcomings, a nonparametric approach is developed using a sequence of Bernstein polynomials. We demonstrate the benefit of taking the nonparametric approach by benchmarking our findings with previous work and showing that a power law can only reasonably describe the M-R relation of the smallest planets and that the intrinsic scatter can change non-monotonically with different values of a radius. We then apply this method to a larger data set, consisting of all the Kepler observations in the NASA Exoplanet Archive. Our nonparametric approach provides a tool to estimate the M-R relation by incorporating heteroskedastic measurement errors into the model. As more observations will be obtained in the near future, this approach can be used with the provided R code to analyze a larger data set for a better understanding of the M-R relation. | 9 |
an amplification device includes : an amplitude adjustment circuit configured to adjust an amplitude level of an input signal so as to keep the amplitude level within a given range ; an amplifier configured to amplify the adjusted signal ; and a circuitry configured to change an amplitude level of the amplified signal , based on the amplitude level of the input signal and a first distortion compensation corresponding to the amplitude level of the input signal . | 7 |
All black holes (BHs) in nature are expected to be described by the Kerr vacuum solution of general relativity. However, the Kerr solution comes with several difficulties such as the existence of Cauchy horizons, curvature singularities, and causality-violating regions. Attempts to resolve some of these issues include phenomenological BH models, which typically contain nontrivial matter content. We introduce a simple framework here to examine the properties of matter in such phenomenological models for a broad class of stationary and axisymmetric spinning BH spacetimes, generated from nonspinning seed solutions via a metric ansatz. We apply this framework to a representative set of spinning BH spacetimes and the non-spinning seeds from which they are derived. The models span different types of matter - fluids, scalar fields, electromagnetic fields. For each model, we calculate the timelike four-velocity of the matter and thereby identify the rest frame of the matter, both outside and inside the horizon. We then examine the spatial distribution of the matter rest-frame energy density $\epsilon$ and the principal pressures. This provides a complete picture of how the matter moves, what its material properties are, and whether it obeys the classical energy conditions. Notably, at a horizon, the normal component of the pressure always satisfies $p_n = -\epsilon$. We also investigate the expansions of the principal null congruences and explore the Hawking mass profiles of these spacetimes. These provide glimpses into the geometry of the stationary BH exterior as well as the nonstationary interior cosmology. The axisymmetric metric ansatz we work with can be used to generate new spinning solutions from a variety of nonspinning seeds. The matter in these models often satisfies the weak energy condition, at least in the BH exterior, and some models exhibit non-rigid, differential rotation. | 9 |
apparatus and method for authenticating that a sender has sent certain information via a dispatcher to a recipient is disclosed . the method includes the steps of : providing a set a comprising a plurality of information elements a1 , . . . an , said information element a1 comprising the contents of said dispatched information , and said one or more information elements a2 , . . . an comprising dispatch - related information and comprise at least the following elements : a2 — a time indication associated with said dispatch ; and a3 — information describing the destination of said dispatch , and wherein at least one of said information elements is provided in a manner that is resistant or indicative of tamper attempts by said sender , associating said dispatch - related information with said element at by generating authentication - information , in particular comprising a representation of at least said elements a1 , a2 and a3 , said representation comprising a set of one or more elements , each comprising a representation of one or more elements of said set a ; securing at least part of said authentication - information against undetected tamper attempts of at least said sender . the dispatch relates either to transmission or to manual delivery . the apparatus implements the operations of the method . | 7 |
a gastroretentive , extended release composition which floats and swells at acidic ph prevalent in the stomach . the composition includes a ph dependent graft copolymer , a gellable polymer , a therapeutic agent , a gas generating system and pharmaceutically acceptable ingredients . the disclosed composition is useful to deliver the therapeutic agent within the stomach for an extended period of time . | 0 |
We examine the evolution of intragroup gas rest-frame X-ray scaling relations for group-sized haloes (M<SUB>500</SUB> = 10<SUP>12.3</SUP>-10<SUP>15</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB>) in the SIMBA galaxy formation simulation. X-ray luminosity L<SUB>X</SUB> versus M<SUB>500</SUB> shows increasing deviation from self-similarity from z = 3 → 0, with M<SUB>500</SUB> < 10<SUP>13.5</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB> haloes exhibiting a large reduction in L<SUB>X</SUB> and slight increase in X-ray luminosity-weighted temperature T<SUB>X</SUB>. These shifts are driven by a strong drop in f<SUB>gas</SUB> with time for these haloes, and coincides with the onset of SIMBA's black hole (BH) jet feedback, occurring when M<SUB>BH</SUB> > 10<SUP>7.5 </SUP>M<SUB>⊙</SUB> and Eddington ratio <0.2, in group haloes at z ~ 1.5. The connection with BH feedback is corroborated by f<SUB>BH</SUB> ≡ M<SUB>BH</SUB>/M<SUB>500</SUB> in M<SUB>500</SUB> < 10<SUP>13.5</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB> haloes being strongly anticorrelated with L<SUB>X</SUB> and f<SUB>gas</SUB> at $z\lesssim 1.5$. This is further reflected in the scatter of L<SUB>X</SUB> - T<SUB>X</SUB>: haloes with small f<SUB>BH</SUB> lie near self-similarity, while those with the highest f<SUB>BH</SUB> lie furthest below. Turning off jet feedback results in mostly self-similar behaviour down to z = 0. For the X-ray weighted metallicity Z<SUB>X</SUB>, stellar feedback impacts the enrichment of halo gas. Finally, halo profiles show that jet feedback flattens the electron density and entropy profiles, and introduces a core in X-ray surface brightness, particularly at M<SUB>500</SUB> < 10<SUP>13.5</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB>. This argues that in SIMBA, intragroup X-ray evolution is largely driven by jet feedback removing hot gas from the cores of massive groups, and expelling gas altogether in less massive groups. | 9 |
Subsets and Splits
No saved queries yet
Save your SQL queries to embed, download, and access them later. Queries will appear here once saved.