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the present invention provides a method for the attitude control of satellites in elliptic orbits or satellites initially placed in circular orbits perturbed to elliptic orbits due to environmental disturbances . the method relies on the application of solar radiation pressure to provide the desired torque for the satellite attitude control . the satellite is equipped with two - oppositely placed light - weight solar panels extending away from the satellite along a predetermined direction . by rotating one of these solar panels or both of them through desired angles about their axis using the respective driver motors as per the simple open - loop control law , the torque about the satellite axis is developed to achieve the desired attitude performance . the open - loop control law is derived using an analytical approach to neutralize the excitation caused by eccentricity and it is implemented via analog logic based on the information of sun angle and satellite position provided by the sensors . the present invention significantly improves the performance of the satellite by a factor of more than 20 times approximately in general and it only requires the rotation of the solar panels by fraction of a degree for particular system parameters . thus , the semi - passive nature of the present invention makes it attractive for future space applications . | 6 |
a programmable logic device comprising a first plurality of logic blocks each comprising a first number of i / o macrocells , a second plurality of logic blocks each comprising a second number of i / o macrocells and a configuration circuit configured to enable one or more of said first plurality of logic blocks and / or one or more of said second plurality of logic blocks . | 7 |
Since the launch of the Fermi satellite, BL Lacertae has been moderately active at γ-rays and optical frequencies until 2011 May, when the source started a series of strong flares. The exceptional optical sampling achieved by the GLAST-AGILE Support Program of the Whole Earth Blazar Telescope in collaboration with the Steward Observatory allows us to perform a detailed comparison with the daily γ-ray observations by Fermi. Discrete correlation analysis between the optical and γ-ray emission reveals correlation with a time lag of 0 ± 1 d, which suggests cospatiality of the corresponding jet emitting regions. A better definition of the time lag is hindered by the daily gaps in the sampling of the extremely fast flux variations. In general, optical flares present more structure and develop on longer time-scales than corresponding γ-ray flares. Observations at X-rays and at millimetre wavelengths reveal a common trend, which suggests that the region producing the mm and X-ray radiation is located downstream from the optical and γ-ray-emitting zone in the jet. The mean optical degree of polarization slightly decreases over the considered period and in general it is higher when the flux is lower. The optical electric vector polarization angle (EVPA) shows a preferred orientation of about 15°, nearly aligned with the radio core EVPA and mean jet direction. Oscillations around it increase during the 2011-2012 outburst. We investigate the effects of a geometrical interpretation of the long-term flux variability on the polarization. A helical magnetic field model predicts an evolution of the mean polarization that is in reasonable agreement with the observations. These can be fully explained by introducing slight variations in the compression factor in a transverse shock waves model. | 9 |
Trends in the planet population with host star mass provide an avenue to constrain planet formation theories. We derive the planet radius distribution function for Kepler stars of different spectral types, sampling a range in host star masses. We find that M dwarf stars have 3.5 times more small planets (1.0-2.8 R<SUB>⨁</SUB>) than main-sequence FGK stars, but two times fewer Neptune-sized and larger (>2.8 R<SUB>⨁</SUB>) planets. We find no systematic trend in the planet size distribution between spectral types F, G, and K to explain the increasing occurrence rates. Taking into account the mass-radius relationship and heavy-element mass of observed exoplanets, and assuming those are independent of spectral type, we derive the inventory of the heavy-element mass locked up in exoplanets at short orbits. The overall higher planet occurrence rates around M stars are not consistent with the redistribution of the same mass into more, smaller planets. At the orbital periods and planet radii where Kepler observations are complete for all spectral types, the average heavy-element mass locked up in exoplanets increases roughly inversely with stellar mass from 4 M<SUB>⨁</SUB> in F stars to 5 M<SUB>⨁</SUB> in G and K stars to 7 M<SUB>⨁</SUB> in M stars. This trend stands in stark contrast with observed protoplanetary disk masses that decrease toward lower mass stars, and provides a challenge for current planet formation models. Neither models of in situ formation nor migration of fully formed planets are consistent with these results. Instead, these results are indicative of large-scale inward migration of planetary building blocks—either through type-I migration or radial drift of dust grains—that is more efficient for lower mass stars, but does not result in significantly larger or smaller planets. | 9 |
this invention relates to a method and apparatus for providing network support for voice - activated mobile web browsing for audio data streams . more particularly , the presently described embodiments are directed to enhancing an existing wireless network to provide hands - free web browsing to retrieve audio data . this allows wireless customers to make verbal web requests , , thus making it possible to request web audio programs while engaging in other activities , such as safely driving their vehicles . | 7 |
in a document copying apparatus of the type having a &# 34 ; spot &# 34 ; color capability , an automatic document feeder and a multibin sorter , the copier &# 39 ; s logic and control unit is programmed to automatically switch from a &# 34 ; recirculation &# 34 ; mode , to which it defaults unless instructed otherwise , to a &# 34 ; sorter &# 34 ; mode in response to a signal indicating that at least one page of a multipage document being copied requires that a copy sheet be presented twice to an image transfer station to complete the copying thereof . as a result of this automatic change in operating modes , fewer &# 34 ; skip &# 34 ; frames need be introduced during the copying operation , thereby enabling the copier to produce multiple collated copies of the multipage document more efficiently . | 6 |
We present an unsupervised search for outliers in the Bright Galaxy Survey (BGS) data set from the DESI Early Data Release. This analysis utilizes an autoencoder to compress galaxy spectra into a compact, redshift-invariant latent space, and a normalizing flow to identify low-probability objects. The most prominent outliers show distinctive spectral features, such as irregular or double-peaked emission lines or originate from galaxy mergers, blended sources, and rare quasar types, including one previously unknown broad absorption line system. A significant portion of the BGS outliers are stars spectroscopically misclassified as galaxies. By building our own star model trained on spectra from the DESI Milky Way Survey, we have determined that the misclassification likely stems from the principle component analysis of stars in the DESI pipeline. To aid follow-up studies, we make the full probability catalog of all BGS objects and our pretrained models publicly available. | 9 |
We have determined the masses and mass-to-light ratios of 50 Galactic globular clusters by comparing their velocity dispersion and surface brightness profiles against a large grid of 900 N-body simulations of star clusters of varying initial concentration, size and central black hole mass fraction. Our models follow the evolution of the clusters under the combined effects of stellar evolution and two-body relaxation allowing us to take the effects of mass segregation and energy equipartition between stars self-consistently into account. For a subset of 16 well-observed clusters, we also derive their kinematic distances. We find an average mass-to-light ratio of Galactic globular clusters of <M/L<SUB>V</SUB> > =1.98 ± 0.03, which agrees very well with the expected M/L ratio if the initial mass function (IMF) of the clusters was a standard Kroupa or Chabrier mass function. We do not find evidence for a decrease in the average mass-to-light ratio with metallicity. The surface brightness and velocity dispersion profiles of most globular clusters are incompatible with the presence of intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) with more than a few thousand M<SUB>⊙</SUB> in them. The only clear exception is ω Cen, where the velocity dispersion profile provides strong evidence for the presence of a ∼40 000 M<SUB>⊙</SUB> IMBH in the centre of the cluster. | 9 |
task scheduling and automated task performance includes a printer checking whether one or more tasks need to be performed by the printer , wherein each of the one or more tasks was previously scheduled . if one or more tasks need to be performed , then one of the tasks is identified and performed . according to another aspect , a printer receives a request to schedule one or more tasks to be automatically performed by the printer , and communicates task scheduling options to the requester . task scheduling information is received from the requestor and saved for subsequent automatic performance of the scheduled tasks identified by the task scheduling information . | 7 |
The first analysis of the light curves of contact binaries ROTSE J135349.8+305205 (CB1) and 1SWASP J150957.5‑115308 (CB2) using the Wilson-Devinney code is presented. Both binary systems are of the A-subtype with a shallow fill-out (20.8% and 15.8% respectively) and a difference in temperatures between the components of < 200 K. A mass-ratio of 0.302 is found for CB1, while for CB2 the interesting value of 0.904 is found. The short periods, 0.246 d for CB1 and 0.229 d for CB2, and their spectral type K suggests that these systems are near the shortest period limit. The absolute elements are estimated using GAIA parallaxes. CB2 is found to be at the beginning of its evolution, while CB1 will approach the final evolutionary stage. The sum of the component masses of CB1 is 0.813 M<SUB>⊙</SUB>, below the mass limit of 1.0 ‑ 1.2M<SUB>⊙</SUB> assumed for the known contact binary stars. | 9 |
in a direct - current arc furnace having a bottom electrode , electromagnetically and / or chemically induced bath agitations are substantially eliminated by an electromagnet arranged under the vessel bottom . in this way the stability of the bottom electrode is considerably increased . the electromagnet is preferably integrated into the electrical supply of the furnace and serves as a smoothing choke . | 2 |
an automatic cleaning machine for wall plates is disclosed . multiple long axial tracks with the same direction are fixed in a parallel and array pivoted way on the circumference or the plate face of the object to be cleaned . water - guiding pipes are formed on the long axial tracks which are provided with electric rails , and multiple magnetic valves are provided on the pipe walls of the water - guiding pipes in a spaced way . the long axial tracks are provided with sliding frames . the sliding frames are provided with conducting brackets corresponding to the electric rails , and provided with long axial magnetic - attracted bodies opposed to the magnetic valves to turn on or off the cleaning water with a magnetic force . brush drive mechanisms are provided on the sliding frames , and the shaft levers of the brush drive mechanisms are arranged in a direction normal to the long axial tracks and combined with long axial brushes to scrub wall plates . cover plates are provided outside the long axial brushes . the automatic cleaning machine can be used for cleaning the plate faces of external walls , glasses and solar panels . | 4 |
a closed loop frequency source includes a controllable oscillator that provides a first frequency source , a reference oscillator that provides a second signal , and a comparator that compares the two frequencies to provide an error signal that represents the difference between the frequencies . the error signal is used by an error signal generator to generate a compensation signal which offsets the carrier frequency that drives an output device such as a time - of - day clock so that the output device automatically gains or loses the previously accumulated time error without the necessity of being periodically updated . | 7 |
the invention comprises a new and useful process , and appurtenant apparatus , for developing and using workflow applications with decision support . specifically , the invention includes a decision support engine and a programmatic interface thereto . the decision support engine is a middleware computer program that receives queries from a workflow application , connects to external data sources , executes queries , and returns query results to the workflow application . the programmatic interface allows a developer to integrate business logic and queries into a workflow application that supports decision - making . | 6 |
a wavelength division multiplexed optical communication method and apparatus uses a pre - emphasis technique to adjust the attenuation or amplification of a particular optical channel at a transmitter terminal to produce identical signal - to - noise ratios for all of the optical channels at a receiver terminal . the pre - emphasis adjustments to the transmitted signals are made on the basis of signal - to - noise ratio measurements performed at the receiver terminal . the signal - to - noise ratio values for each channel are transmitted through a facing line that is also used to transmit data along optical communication lines from the receiver terminal back to the transmitter terminal . the present invention also provides a method and apparatus for monitoring optical transmission paths for the deterioration of optical amplifier repeaters or an optical fiber . the optical signals are then adjusted to account for the location of the particular amplifier or fiber that has deteriorated . | 7 |
The dynamical formation of stellar-mass black hole-black hole binaries has long been a promising source of gravitational waves for the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO). Mass segregation, gravitational focusing, and multibody dynamical interactions naturally increase the interaction rate between the most massive black holes in dense stellar systems, eventually leading them to merge. We find that dynamical interactions, particularly three-body binary formation, enhance the merger rate of black hole binaries with total mass M <SUB>tot</SUB> roughly as \propto {M}<SUB>{{tot</SUB>}}<SUP>β </SUP>, with β ≳ 4. We find that this relation holds mostly independently of the initial mass function, but the exact value depends on the degree of mass segregation. The detection rate of such massive black hole binaries is only further enhanced by LIGO’s greater sensitivity to massive black hole binaries with M <SUB>tot</SUB> ≲ 80 {M}<SUB>⊙ </SUB>. We find that for power-law BH mass functions dN/dM ∝ M <SUP>-α </SUP> with α ≤ 2, LIGO is most likely to detect black hole binaries with a mass twice that of the maximum initial black hole mass and a mass ratio near one. Repeated mergers of black holes inside the cluster result in about ∼5% of mergers being observed between two and three times the maximum initial black hole mass. Using these relations, one may be able to invert the observed distribution to the initial mass function with multiple detections of merging black hole binaries. | 9 |
disclosed herewithin is a method of fabricating a stent which involves processing a tubular member whereby no connection points to join the edges of a flat pattern are necessary . the method includes the steps of a ) removing contaminates from a tubular member , b ) coating the outside surface of the tubular member with a photo - sensitive resist material , c ) placing the tubular member in an apparatus designed to simultaneously rotate the tubular member while passing a specially configured photographic frame negative between a uv light source and the tubular member , thereby exposing a specified pattern of uv light to the resist coated tubular member , d ) exposing the outside surface of the tubular member to a photoresist developer for a specified period of time , e ) rinsing the excess developer and uncured resist from the outside surface of the tubular member , f ) treating the tubular member with a electro - chemical process to remove uncovered metal . this process can lend itself to virtually an unlimited number of stent designs and configurations . by modifying the photographic frame negative , the same process can be employed to fabricate various stent designs from a tubular structure . | 0 |
a method for filling needleless injector capsules with liquid drug , whereby dissolved gas within the drug is replaced by a less soluble gas in order to reduce the inclusion of gas bubbles , or to prevent the growth of bubbles during storage and thereby prevent breakage of the capsules . | 1 |
an optical apparatus includes a laser beam emitter for outputting a laser beam modulated in accordance with image information , and a lens unit resting on a lens mount . the lens unit includes , all formed integral with one another , an effective lens portion , a cylindrical portion surrounding a side surface of the effective lens portion , and projections extending from peripheral positions of the cylindrical portion . the lens mount includes a holder for holding the cylindrical portion of the lens unit to be rotatable and axially slidable on an optical axis of the laser beam , and a groove formed in the bottom of the holder for receiving the projection . | 1 |
an electronic adjustable control pedal assembly for a motor vehicle including a carrier , a guide rod adapted to be secured to the dash panel of the vehicle and mounting the carrier for fore and aft movement along the guide rod , a power drive operative to move the carrier along the guide rod , a pedal arm pivotally mounted on the carrier , a potentiometer mounted on the carrier and operative to generate an output electrical signal proportioned to the extent of pivotal movement of the pedal arm , and a resistance assembly to provide feedback or &# 34 ; feel &# 34 ; to the operator . the resistance assembly includes an annular friction surface defined on the carrier , a sleeve positioned over the friction surface , and a coil spring encircling the sleeve and arranged to be tightened in response to pivotal movement of the pedal arm to squeeze the sleeve against the friction surface and generate a friction resistance force . the friction resistance force adds to the torsional resistance force of the spring during application of the pedal and subtracts from the torsional resistance force of the spring upon release of the pedal , whereby to create a hysteresis effect . | 8 |
a manual snow plow with ergonomic features comprises a snow scoop , two articulating struts extending upward from the scoop and two hinged rounded braces placed against a user &# 39 ; s shoulders during use . the struts are provided with cross bracing which provide size adjustability and stability to the plow . a set of position adjustable hand grips extend from each strut in a rearward fashion to control the device during use . a pair of casters provided on a rear of the snow scoop allows the device to ride over cracks and other uneven surface variations . the snow plow becomes an extension of the user &# 39 ; s body and thus enables the user to use the force of their entire body to move snow . | 4 |
a magnetic filter employs a magnetic core assembly that incorporates a plurality of exchangeable holder sleeves , each enclosing permanent magnets . neither the sleeves nor magnetic bars are mechanically fixed to the filter housing . the magnet bars and holder sleeves are individually accessible . the number of holder sleeves in the magnetic core assembly is flexible . the magnetic filter in equipped with a screen that partially encloses the elongated holder sleeves to treat streams that contain degradation sludge , iron containing particles or flakes , and non - magnetic polymeric materials . in operation , a feed stream initially contacts the magnetic core assembly where paramagnetic contaminants become deposited onto the exterior surface of the holder sleeves under direct influence of strong magnetic field generated by the magnet bars . the mesh screen cylinder subsequently captures non - magnetic and weakly magnetic contaminants of a certain size before the cleaned stream exits the magnetic filter . | 1 |
an image forming apparatus that includes : an image carrier ; a developing cartridge detachably mountable with respect to the image carrier ; a processing device to which voltage acting between the image carrier and the processing device is applied ; and a first electrode , wherein the developing cartridge further includes : a developing roller on which toner is capable of being held ; and a second electrode capable of being electrically connected with the first electrode when the developing cartridge is mounted with respect to the image carrier , the processing device further includes : a third electrode capable of being electrically connected with the second electrode when the developing cartridge is mounted with respect to the image carrier , wherein the second electrode positions the developing cartridge in an axial direction of the developing roller . | 6 |
in a storage cell array , a first and a second line are provided which have a crossing point , at which a storage element with magnetoresistive effect is disposed . a yoke is provided which surrounds one of the lines and that contains magnetizable material with a permeability of at least 10 . the yoke is disposed in such a way that a magnetic flow is closed substantially through the storage element . mpw / kc | 6 |
We develop the use of mutual information (MI), a well-established metric in information theory, to interpret the inner workings of deep learning (DL) models. To accurately estimate MI from a finite number of samples, we present GMM-MI (pronounced 'Jimmie'), an algorithm based on Gaussian mixture models that can be applied to both discrete and continuous settings. GMM-MI is computationally efficient, robust to the choice of hyperparameters and provides the uncertainty on the MI estimate due to the finite sample size. We extensively validate GMM-MI on toy data for which the ground truth MI is known, comparing its performance against established MI estimators. We then demonstrate the use of our MI estimator in the context of representation learning, working with synthetic data and physical datasets describing highly non-linear processes. We train DL models to encode high-dimensional data within a meaningful compressed (latent) representation, and use GMM-MI to quantify both the level of disentanglement between the latent variables, and their association with relevant physical quantities, thus unlocking the interpretability of the latent representation. We make GMM-MI publicly available in this GitHub repository. | 9 |
a method , and device incorporating the method , permits adjustment of the on time of a light source that illuminates a display within a handheld wireless communications device . the on time may be adjusted by the amount of information to be displayed , the font size of the information , the behavioral characteristics of the end user , the type of viewing activity , and the like . an optional dim mode permits the end user to be made aware that the light illuminating the display is about to be shut off . | 8 |
a position estimator for determining the position and velocity of a moving platform in cooperation with radio navigation aids is described incorporating an unbiased estimator , such as a least means square estimator , a biased estimator for determining the angle of inner section of the lines of position from the radio naviation aids for determining the liklihood of geometric dilution of precision and a switch for selecting the estimate of position and velocity from said biased estimator at first times and the unbiased estimator at second times . the invention overcomes the problem of accuracy degredation associated with a nearly collinear measurement geometry which causes the variance of the position estimates to be higly inflated . | 6 |
the subject wideband switching network provides inexpensive point - to - point wideband communication connections . wideband source and destination terminal equipment are either connected to modems which encode the analog signals used by the wideband source terminal equipment into digital signals for transmission through the wideband switching network and decode the received digital signals into analog signals used by the wideband destination terminal equipment ; or are directly connected to the wideband switching network if source and destination terminal equipment transmit and receive digital signals . the modems are connected to the wideband switching network by optical fibers . the wideband switching network is a point - to - point space division switch that is comprised of a matrix of high frequency semiconductor crosspoints . wideband communication connections are originated by a subscriber transmitting connection control signals to the wideband switching network controller on a dial - up basis from a telephone station set , on a data link from a computer or directly from a keyboard associated with the wideband switching network controller . the wideband switching network can concurrently switch any combination of voice , audio , video , data . | 7 |
the disclosed subject matter provides systems and methods for allocating resources within an infrastructure , such as an electrical grid , in response to changes to inputs and output demands on the infrastructure , such as energy sources and sinks . a disclosed system includes one or more processors , each having respective communication interfaces to receive data from the infrastructure , the data comprising infrastructure network data , one or more software applications , operatively coupled to and at least partially controlling the one or more processors , to process and characterize the infrastructure network data ; and a display , coupled to said one or more processors , for visually presenting a depiction of at least a portion of the infrastructure including any changes in condition thereof , and one or more controllers in communication with the one or more processors , to manage processing of the resource , wherein the resource is obtained and / or distributed based on the characterization of said real time infrastructure data . | 6 |
the present invention provides a system , apparatus , and method for a robust and configurable computer architecture which combines standard amplitude modulation / frequency modulation radio and compact disk read only memory features with mobile computational capabilities . the present invention further provides a unique bus network which allows for an efficient and durable input / output management system . the i / o management system has configurable data bus and discrete line connections to allow for modular addition , expansion , or replacement of navigation , crash detection , and communication line replacement units . additional i / o device connections allow several modes of input into the computational system . the present invention is a single , self - contained enclosure which easily installs into most existing vehicles with minimum time and effort . furthermore the present invention provides an accessible user interface for the computer system and possesses several theft protection features . | 6 |
a cartridge insertion assembly including apparatus with a pathway formed therein , a cartridge including a cartridge coupling element connectable to an activation mechanism disposed in the apparatus operative to cause a substance contained in the cartridge to be metered out of the cartridge , and a door pivoted to the apparatus that includes a door coupling element arranged with respect to the cartridge such that when the door is in a fully closed position , the door coupling element couples the cartridge coupling element with a coupling element of the activation mechanism . | 0 |
We present a novel method to constrain the mass of ultra-light bosons as the dark matter using stellar streams formed by disrupting Globular Clusters in the Milky Way. The turbulent density field of Fuzzy Dark Matter (FDM) haloes results in perturbations and dynamical heating of thin streams. Using numerical simulations based on an effective model, we explore the magnitude of this phenomenon and show that this is observable for the range of axion masses $m_a$ that is interesting for alleviating the `small-scale problems' of $\Lambda$CDM. We derive an analytical model for the thickening of thin stellar streams and obtain an early conservative lower limit for the boson mass of $m_a > 1.5 \times 10^{-22}~$eV, using pre-Gaia literature data for six Milky Way streams and after marginalizing over physical parameters. This demonstrates the great promise for using this novel dynamical method as a fully independent probe of FDM, to complement results based on Lyman-$\alpha$ forest data. | 9 |
a method of encoding moving pictures using a plurality of quantization matrices . the method involves selecting one of the plurality of quantization matrices in consideration of an at least one characteristics of an input image ; transforming the input image ; and quantizing the transformed input image using the selected quantization matrix . | 7 |
a system performs the power supply control of a plurality of information processing apparatuses at a low cost without relation to the intrinsic function of the information processing apparatus and the existence of a network facility . the power supply control apparatus of the present invention can be connected to at least one information processing apparatus . the power supply control apparatus comprises a power supply circuit that supplies electrical power to the information processing apparatus , a network connecting unit that connects a network with an administration apparatus for detecting a failure in operating conditions of the information processing apparatus , and a power supply control unit that controls power supply of the supply circuit on the basis of a power supply on / off instruction received from the administration apparatus via the network connecting unit . | 7 |
the mri rf coil known as the balanced high - pass - weighted hybrid birdcage is modified to obtain two homogeneous degenerate resonances , capable of generating circular polarization at widely separated frequencies , by including inductors in parallel with the ring tuning capacitors such that their isolated parallel resonant frequency is greater than the desired low - frequency homogeneous resonance and not greater than 10 % more than the desired high - frequency homogeneous resonance . the coil is advantageous for the frequency - diameter product range of 10 to 60 mhz - m . the coil is preferably balanced at both frequencies such that the electric potentials vanish on the central axial plane at both the lf and hf homogeneous modes . additional parasitic - mode - shifting reactive elements , either capacitors or inductors , may be added between adjacent rungs near their ends , and the rungs may each consist of two parallel bands shorted together at their ends , as in the crozier birdcage . note that a high - pass - weighted hybrid birdcage is defined as a hybrid birdcage in which the reactance of the rung series capacitors is significantly less than the reactance of the ring series capacitors . | 6 |
a method and apparatus for verification of a voucher after printing by a gaming printer . a human readable validation character string is received by a printer controller for printing on a voucher . a scanned validation character string is read from the voucher using an optical recognition process as the voucher is being printed . the voucher is verified by comparing the received and scanned validation character strings . if the two validation character strings are different , the voucher may be voided by the printer controller before the voucher is finished being printed . | 8 |
a method is provided for recovering oily waste from oily waste accumulations underground comprising sweeping the oily waste accumulation with hot water to recover said oily waste , wherein said area treated is isolated from surrounding groundwater hydraulically . the hot water may be reinjected after the hot - water displacement or may be treated to conform to any discharge requirements . | 8 |
a method and system for playing a player interactive lottery type game includes a gaming piece which includes a predetermined code having data indicating whether the player wins or loses the game , the data being unrecognizable to the player , such that the player does not know the outcome of the game prior to play of the game . the code is entered by the player into a processor . the processor presents a game of chance to the player on a display for interactive play by the player , and the player controls game play by inputting game parameters to the processor . the processor controls the outcome of the game of chance played by the player based upon the code entered by the player . a display provides an indication to the player of a game win or a game loss based upon the code . | 8 |
disclosed are thienopyrimidinone derivatives as antagonists that act on metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 1 . the thienopyrimidinone derivatives show pharmacological activity against metabotropic glutamate receptor - related diseases , including pain , such as neuropathic pain and migraine , psychiatric diseases , such as anxiety disorder and schizophrenia , urinary incontinence , and neurodegenerative diseases , such as parkinson &# 39 ; s disease and alzheimer &# 39 ; s disease . also disclosed are methods for preparing the thienopyrimidinone derivatives , and pharmaceutical compositions containing the thienopyrimidinone derivatives as active ingredients . | 2 |
Large terrestrial planets are expected to have muted topography and deep oceans, implying that most super-Earths should be entirely covered in water, so-called waterworlds. This is important because waterworlds lack a silicate weathering thermostat so their climate is predicted to be less stable than that of planets with exposed continents. In other words, the continuously habitable zone for waterworlds is much narrower than for Earth-like planets. A planet's water is partitioned, however, between a surface reservoir, the ocean, and an interior reservoir, the mantle. Plate tectonics transports water between these reservoirs on geological timescales. Degassing of melt at mid-ocean ridges and serpentinization of oceanic crust depend negatively and positively on seafloor pressure, respectively, providing a stabilizing feedback on long-term ocean volume. Motivated by Earth's approximately steady-state deep water cycle, we develop a two-box model of the hydrosphere and derive steady-state solutions to the water partitioning on terrestrial planets. Critically, hydrostatic seafloor pressure is proportional to surface gravity, so super-Earths with a deep water cycle will tend to store more water in the mantle. We conclude that a tectonically active terrestrial planet of any mass can maintain exposed continents if its water mass fraction is less than ~0.2%, dramatically increasing the odds that super-Earths are habitable. The greatest source of uncertainty in our study is Earth's current mantle water inventory: the greater its value, the more robust planets are to inundation. Lastly, we discuss how future missions can test our hypothesis by mapping the oceans and continents of massive terrestrial planets. | 9 |
a tape loading device includes first and second guides for performing a tape loading operation . first and second assemblies move the first and second guides . a control unit controls the speeds of the first and second assemblies to drive the first assembly at a predetermined speed and to vary the moving speed of the second assembly without varying the predetermined speed of the first assembly . | 6 |
an industrial controller for injection molding machines models the injection molding machine by observing ram state in response to control variables to alert the user when a control profile may be physically unrealizable and to inhibit a learning process to avoid extreme actuation of the controlled components such as may be detrimental to later control accuracy . simultaneous velocity and pressure control of the ram , with separate profiles , may be obtained by open - loop control of either pressure or velocity and continuous closed - loop control of the other control variable . | 1 |
in a card game , each player and the dealer are dealt five cards to form two two - card hands and one one - card hand , corresponding to a high hand , a mid hand , and a low hand . the player high , mid and low hands are compared with the respective dealer hands to determine a game result . in one operating mode , players can make a wager for each of the three hands , and the wagers are paid or taken separately depending on the respective comparison results . alternatively , players may make a single wager that wins if the player wins at least two out of the three hands . the game also includes provisions for proposition wagers such as a copy wager and / or a pair wager as well as an empty hand or dragon hand concept . the three hand game is more exciting than existing multiple hand games and provides a perception of higher payoff frequency . | 0 |
a system and method for reducing pulse width modulation contouring artifacts . each input intensity value is translated to at least one non - binary bit pattern for display . many of the input intensity values are translated to at least two alternate non - binary bit patterns . the alternate codes are used to smooth the transition between intensity codes as major bits are turned on . the smoothing occurs by the gradual transition from codes that do not use the major bit to codes that do use the major bit . typically the alternate codes are selected based on the location of the pixel in a spatial pattern and the alternate codes are spatially alternated from one pixel to the next . other embodiments temporally alternate the codes from one period — typically a frame period — to the next . still other embodiments alternate the codes both spatially and temporally . | 6 |
purification process of humanpurification process of human urinary gonadotropins of high biological activity and chemical purity absolutely free of foreign contaminating materials derived from the use of biological reagents or chromatography dyes , from crude of gonadotropins . the high biological activity and chemically pure composition of human gonadotropins obtained by this process , are used for the treatment of infertility and are selected from the group of follitropin or menotropins , having a bioactivity greater than 2500 iu / mg protein as tested by biological assay in rats , for both fsh and lh hormones for menotropins and greater than 5000 iu / mg protein for follitropin having an fsh : lh ratio about 75 : 1 . pharmaceutical preparations of said gonadotropins free of these contaminating materials are also comprised within the present invention . | 2 |
reduction of the energy burden in a step of drying hydrous low - substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose , reduction of water content of a cake obtained by dehydration , and others are targeted . more specifically , provided is a method for dehydrating hydrous l - hpc with a compression type dehydrator by feeding the hydrous l - hpc to a screw conveyer connected to the inlet of the dehydrator , including steps of : starting the operation of the conveyer to fill the conveyer and the dehydrator with the hydrous l - hpc , starting the operation of the filled dehydrator , and feeding the hydrous l - hpc to the conveyer , while discharging dehydrated l - hpc from an outlet of the dehydrator , wherein a feed rate of feeding the hydrous l - hpc to the conveyer is equal to a discharge rate of discharging the dehydrated l - hpc in terms of net weight of cellulose ether , and a method for producing l - hpc by using the above method . | 2 |
novel condoms containing a phosphorescent material which , when activated by actinic radiation , e . g . ultraviolet or visible light , will exhibit luminosity over a period of time following such exposure to actinic radiation . | 8 |
a clutch mechanism includes a coil of wire for producing an electromagnetic field , a locking ring secured against rotation within a case or housing , a gear engageable with the locking ring , and a lever that pivots in response to the electromagnetic field produced by energizing the coil causing the locking ring to engage the gear and hold the gear against rotation . | 5 |
On 2022 February 15, an impressive filament eruption was observed off the solar eastern limb from three remote-sensing viewpoints, namely, Earth, STEREO-A, and Solar Orbiter. In addition to representing the most-distant observed filament at extreme ultraviolet wavelengths—captured by Solar Orbiter's field of view extending to above 6 R <SUB>⊙</SUB>—this event was also associated with the release of a fast (∼2200 km s<SUP>‑1</SUP>) coronal mass ejection (CME) that was directed toward BepiColombo and Parker Solar Probe. These two probes were separated by 2° in latitude, 4° in longitude, and 0.03 au in radial distance around the time of the CME-driven shock arrival in situ. The relative proximity of the two probes to each other and the Sun (∼0.35 au) allows us to study the mesoscale structure of CMEs at Mercury's orbit for the first time. We analyze similarities and differences in the main CME-related structures measured at the two locations, namely, the interplanetary shock, the sheath region, and the magnetic ejecta. We find that, despite the separation between the two spacecraft being well within the typical uncertainties associated with determination of CME geometric parameters from remote-sensing observations, the two sets of in situ measurements display some profound differences that make understanding the overall 3D CME structure particularly challenging. Finally, we discuss our findings within the context of space weather at Mercury's distance and in terms of the need to investigate solar transients via spacecraft constellations with small separations, which has been gaining significant attention during recent years. | 9 |
the present invention relates to radio frequency and microwave connectors , and more particularly to grounding methods for printed wiring board edge - launch connectors . the grounding method comprises conducting tabs secured to a pwb and to an attached connector frame holding coaxial connectors . the conducting tabs thus provide a ground connection between the connector frame and one or more ground conductors on the pwb . | 8 |
in an optical encoder , a plurality of light sources is controlled on and off so as to use light rays to irradiate an optical grating of a scale from a plurality of different directions . the light rays are received by a plurality of photoreceptor elements . operations are performed using signals output from the photoreceptor elements . accordingly , the relative position between the photoreceptor elements and the scale is detected precisely . | 6 |
a ballast including an inverter and a circuit having a resonant frequency coupled to the output of the inverter . in one embodiment of the invention , the only discrete type of element substantially affecting the resonant frequency is substantially inductive in electrical character . in this embodiment of the invention , there is also no discrete ballasting element in series with the lamp load . the reduction in discrete elements reduces both power consumption and costs associated with the ballast . | 7 |
Initial distributions of pulsar periods and magnetic fields are essential components of multiple modern astrophysical models. Not enough work has been done to properly constrain these distributions using direct measurements. Here, we aim to fill this gap by rigorously analysing the properties of young neutron stars (NSs) associated to supernova remnants (SNRs). In order to perform this task, we compile a catalogue of 56 NSs uniquely paired to SNRs with known age estimate. Further, we analyse this catalogue using multiple statistical techniques. We found that distribution of magnetic fields and periods for radio pulsars are both well described using the lognormal distribution. The mean magnetic field is log<SUB>10</SUB>[B/G] = 12.44 and standard deviation is σ<SUB>B</SUB> = 0.44. Magnetars and central compact objects do not follow the same distribution. The mean initial period is $\log _{10} P_0 [P / \mathrm{s}] = -1.04_{-0.2}^{+0.15}$ and standard deviation is $\sigma _{\rm p} = 0.53_{-0.08}^{+0.12}$. We show that the normal distribution does not describe the initial periods of NSs sufficiently well. Parameters of the initial period distribution are not sensitive to the exact value of the braking index. | 9 |
an improvement in a papermaking process in which an aqueous paper furnish containing cellulosic pulp , and optionally also mineral fillers is formed and dried , the improvement being the addition of a drainage and retention aid comprising a water soluble alkali metal polyaluminosilicate microgels formed from the reaction of polysilicic acid and an alkali metal aluminate , the polyaluminosilicate having an alumina / silica mole ratio greater than about 1 / 100 , together with a cationic polymer selected from the group consisting of cationic starch , cationic guar and cationic polyacrylamide . | 3 |
a protection device for monitoring current in a power cable to an electrical device and for controlling a remotely located starter for the electrical device in response to a system controller . the device includes a transformer magnetically linked with the power cable to produce a voltage signal in response to the presence of a changing current within the power cable . an input circuit located in a single housing together with the transformer is electrically connected to the transformer so as to receive the voltage signal . the input circuit produces , in response to the voltage signal , either a first signal or a first circuit condition at the output terminal of the input circuit , representative of the changing current in the power cable . a switch circuit also in the same container with the transformer has a terminal for sensing either a second signal or a second circuit condition of the remotely located system controller . the switch circuit has a second terminal to provide either a third signal or a third circuit condition effective to control the starter , in response to sensing one of the second signal and the second circuit condition . all of the transformer , the input circuit , and the switch circuit are located in a single unitary package which is easily mounted and adjusted to a desired position . | 7 |
dial designed to equip a watch piece provided with luminous marks lodged under a mother - of - pearl semi - transparent layer inside blind hollows made in the semi - transparent layer and filled with a phosphorescent pigment . the luminous marks form an image visible in darkness and essentially invisible in daylight . | 6 |
to control the yarn quality of a yarn produced by a textile machine , particularly a false - twist jet spinning apparatus , there is provided at the end of the spinning operation , however , upstream of the pair of withdrawal rolls for the outfeed of the produced yarn , a yarn tension measuring device . upon falling outside of a predeterminate yarn tension tolerance or tension range the yarn tension measuring device controls operation of the false - twist jet spinning apparatus such that , as required , there is accomplished an appropriate increase or decrease of the yarn tension of the yarn produced by the false - twist jet spinning apparatus . alteration of the yarn tension can be achieved , for instance , by varying the blowing intensity or energy of the air utilized for the spinning operation as well as by varying the angle at which there is blown in the air used for the spinning operation or by varying the rotational speed of the delivery rolls which deliver the formed yarn or by selected combinations of these measures . | 3 |
the present invention provides a hierarchical packaging of electronic equipment that includes a first order assembly and a second order assembly . the first order assembly includes a plurality of modules and a means of mechanically supporting , interconnecting , powering , cooling and managing said modules . the second order assembly includes a plurality of the first order assemblies , and a means of mechanically supporting , interconnecting , powering , cooling and managing said first order assemblies . | 7 |
The total contribution of diffuse halo gas to the galaxy baryon budget strongly depends on its dominant ionization state. In this paper, we address the physical conditions in the highly ionized circumgalactic medium (CGM) traced by {{O}} {{VI}} absorption lines observed in COS-Halos spectra. We analyze the observed ionic column densities, absorption-line widths and relative velocities, along with the ratios of {{N}} {{V}}/{{O}} {{VI}} for 39 fitted Voigt profile components of O VI. We compare these quantities with the predictions given by a wide range of ionization models. Photoionization models that include only extragalactic UV background radiation are ruled out; conservatively, the upper limits to {{N}} {{V}}/{{O}} {{VI}} and measurements of {N}<SUB>{{O</SUB>}{{VI}}} imply unphysically large path lengths ≳100 kpc. Furthermore, very broad {{O}} {{VI}} absorption (b > 40 km s<SUP>-1</SUP>) is a defining characteristic of the CGM of star-forming L* galaxies. We highlight two possible origins for the bulk of the observed {{O}} {{VI}}: (1) highly structured gas clouds photoionized primarily by local high-energy sources or (2) gas radiatively cooling on large scales behind a supersonic wind. Approximately 20% of circumgalactic O VI does not align with any low-ionization state gas within ±50 km s<SUP>-1</SUP> and is found only in halos with {M}<SUB>{halo</SUB>} < 10<SUP>12</SUP> {M}<SUB>⊙ </SUB>. We suggest that this type of unmatched O VI absorption traces the hot corona itself at a characteristic temperature of {10}<SUP>5.5</SUP> K. We discuss the implications of these very distinct physical origins for the dynamical state, gas cooling rates, and total baryonic content of L* gaseous halos. | 9 |
We present an initial result from the <SUP>12</SUP>CO (J = 1-0) survey of 79 galaxies in 62 local luminous and ultraluminous infrared galaxy (LIRG and ULIRG) systems obtained using the 45 m telescope at the Nobeyama Radio Observatory. This is a systematic <SUP>12</SUP>CO (J = 1-0) survey of the Great Observatories All-sky LIRGs Survey (GOALS) sample. The molecular gas mass of the sample is in the range 2.2× {10}<SUP>8</SUP>{--}7.0× {10}<SUP>9</SUP> {M}<SUB>⊙ </SUB> within the central several kiloparsecs subtended by the 15<SUP>\prime\prime</SUP> beam. A method to estimate the size of a CO gas distribution is introduced, which is combined with the total CO flux in the literature. This method is applied to part of our sample, and we find that the median CO radius is 1-4 kpc. From the early stage to the late stage of mergers, we find that the CO size decreases while the median value of the molecular gas mass in the central several-kiloparsec region is constant. Our results statistically support a scenario where molecular gas inflows toward the central region from the outer disk to replenish gas consumed by starburst, and that such a process is common in merging LIRGs. | 9 |
the present disclosure relates to a macrolide compound as shown by formula i and pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof . the compound of the present disclosure is an antibacterial agent , and can be used to treat various bacterial and protozoal infections . the present disclosure further relates to the preparation method of the compound and a pharmaceutical composition thereof . | 0 |
the present invention is directed to circuitry for achieving concurrent synchronization of carrier phase and clock timing in double - sideband , suppressed carrier transmissions systems . a phase - lock loop is used in the respective carrier and clock recovery networks . the carrier recovery loop is similar to the conventional &# 34 ; costas loop &# 34 ;. the plls are cross coupled in an interdependent recovery structure to enable a more effective clock and carrier regeneration . | 7 |
an optical method for alignment of paper when making corrections and additions to previously typed or printed sheets is described . a light spot is projected which indicates the exact point of type impact on the sheet . the paper can then be moved until the spot falls onto the desired area . the system can also be used for margin and end - of - page signalling . | 1 |
a microelectromechanical system includes a first wafer , a second wafer including a moveable portion , and a third wafer . the movable portion is movable between the first wafer and the third wafer . the first wafer , the second wafer , and the third wafer are bonded together . | 1 |
a pfc - pwm controller with a power saving means is disclosed . a built - in current synthesizer generates a bias current in response to feedback voltages sampled from the pwm circuit and the pfc circuit . the bias current modulates the oscillation frequency to further reduce the switching frequencies of the pwm signal and the pfc signal under light - load and zero - load conditions . thus , power consumption is greatly reduced . the pfc and the pwm switching signals interleave each other , so that power can be transferred more smoothly from the pfc circuit to the pwm circuit . the saturation of the switching components can be avoided by limiting the maximum on - time of the pwm signal . further , an external resistor is used to start up the pfc - pwm controller and to provide an ac template signal for pfc control . | 7 |
a method of formatting data for transmission to another party including the step of incorporating in the data a flag indicative of the absence of data for authentication of the sender . an authentication tag length is also included to permit variable length tags to be used . | 7 |
disclosed are sorbents and sorbent systems made from lightweight expanded silicate aggregates derived from rice hull ash and processes for sorbing liquids using such sorbents and sorbent systems . | 1 |
scalability and energy efficiency are key issues in data centers imposing tight constraints on the networking infrastructure connecting the servers . optical interconnection mitigates electronic limitations but the additional flexibility offered by wdm and datarate across a data center interconnection network requires architectural design , photonic technologies , and operating strategies be selected and optimized to meet power consumption requirements . multi - plane architectures based upon space - wavelength domain architectures have been proposed to overcome scalability limitations . it would be beneficial to extend space and time switching domains with the wavelength domain for additional capacity to increase throughput as well as providing same electro - optic interface . accordingly , the inventors have established space - time domain interconnection network architectures with wavelength domain overlay overcoming power consumption issues , especially at low utilization , by exploiting all - optical implementations with active elements which act simultaneously as a switch and an amplifier , and the possibility to remain in an idle state when unused . | 7 |
Implementation of Flexible Conditional Density Estimator | 9 |
methods for fabricating sub - lithographic , nanoscale microstructures utilizing self - assembling block copolymers , and films and devices formed from these methods are provided . | 7 |
Galactic conformity is the phenomenon whereby a galaxy of a certain physical property is correlated with its neighbors of the same property, implying a possible causal relationship. The observed auto correlations of emission-line galaxies (ELGs) from the highly complete DESI One-Percent Survey exhibit a strong clustering signal on small scales, providing clear evidence for the conformity effect of ELGs. Building upon the original subhalo abundance-matching (SHAM) method developed by Gao et al., we propose a concise conformity model to improve the ELG-halo connection. In this model, the number of satellite ELGs is boosted by a factor of ~5 in the halos whose central galaxies are ELGs. We show that the mean ELG satellite number in such central halos is still smaller than 1 and that the model does not significantly increase the overall satellite fraction. With this model, we can well recover the ELG auto correlations to the smallest scales explored with the current data (i.e., r <SUB>p</SUB> > 0.03 Mpc h <SUP>-1</SUP> in real space and at s > 0.3 Mpc h <SUP>-1</SUP> in redshift space), while the cross correlations between luminous red galaxies and ELGs are nearly unchanged. Although our SHAM model has only eight parameters, we further verify that it can accurately describe the ELG clustering in the entire redshift range from z = 0.8 to 1.6. We therefore expect that this method can be used to generate high-quality ELG lightcone mocks for DESI. | 9 |
for use in combination with a heat engine , a thermal energy transformer comprising a flux receiver having a first wall defining therein a radiation absorption cavity for converting solar flux to thermal energy characterized by a first wall defining a radiation absorption cavity having a solar flux entry aperture , and a second wall defining an energy transfer wall for the heat engine , and a heat pipe chamber interposed between the first and second walls having a working fluid disposed within the chamber and a wick lining the chamber for conducting the working fluid from the second wall to the first wall , whereby thermal energy is transferred from the radiation absorption cavity to the heat engine . | 8 |
in a method for controlling bi - directional switches in power converters , with separate control signals for both current directions , preferably 3 × 3 matrix converters , a switching process from a base main state , into a secondary main state , and vice versa , occurs after a voltage controlled two - step process or a voltage controlled four - step process , without additional operational current - conducting components . after a first step , all uni - directional switches , apart from those at the interface of reference main state and target main state , are switched off and after a second step , all target main state switches are switched on . the switching processes can thus be carried out , at any time , by an appropriate choice of interval beginning and interval end , whereby a free - wheeling arm for both current directions permanently exists , the only requirement being the creation of a current interval for each phase in multi - phase systems . the method is applicable with practically all supply current frequencies . | 7 |
an article for use in an oct method , the article comprising a solid substrate and nanoparticles dispersed in or on the substrate in at least one light transmissive portion of the article such that the nanoparticles result in an increased extinction of the light transmissive portion along a transmission direction of the light transmissive portion compared to the substrate being free of nanoparticles . the extinction of the light transmissive portion along the transmission direction is less than 6 , wherein the extinction is defined as a negative decadic logarithm of a ratio of an intensity of light which is transmitted through the light transmissive portion to an intensity of light which is incident on the light transmissive portion , wherein the light is in at least one of a visible and a near infrared wavelength range . | 0 |
a mould for an injection moulding apparatus , the mould including at least two mould parts which mate to form the mould cavity and which separate to permit removal of the moulded article , each mould part including a relatively rigid body having an abutment face which abuts with an abutment face of the other mould part when said parts mate , the body of at least one mould part including a recess in its abutment face which is filled with a resilient material defining a portion of said mould cavity . | 8 |
this invention concerns a montgomery masked modular multiplication process and the associated device . the modular multiplication , in congruence n , includes at least a stage generating a pseudo - random number z and a stage adding to the result the product of the said number by n . the invention applies in particular to the securing of processors dedicated to cryptographic calculations . | 6 |
a method of designing an integrated circuit where a clock circuit is preformed and a clock connection is determined in a placement process is disclosed . the method includes calculating clock skew between sequential circuits based on clock skew information correlating placement positions of sequential circuits and clock skew between the placement positions , and performing placement in consideration of the calculated clock skew . | 6 |
CatWISE is a program to catalog sources selected from combined WISE and NEOWISE all-sky survey data at 3.4 and 4.6 &mgrm (W1 and W2). The CatWISE Preliminary Catalog consists of 900,849,014 sources measured in data collected from 2010 to 2016. This data set represents four times as many exposures and spans over 10 times as large a time baseline as that used for the AllWISE Catalog. CatWISE adapts AllWISE software to measure the sources in coadded images created from six-month subsets of these data, each representing one coverage of the inertial sky, or epoch. The catalog includes the measured motion of sources in eight epochs over the 6.5 yr span of the data. From comparison to Spitzer, signal-to-noise ratio = 5 limits in magnitudes in the Vega system are W1 &equals 17.67 and W2 = 16.47, compared to W1 &equals 16.96 and W2 = 16.02 for AllWISE. From comparison to Gaia, CatWISE positions have typical accuracies of 50 mas for stars at W1 &equals 10 mag and 275 mas for stars at W1 = 15.5 mag. Proper motions have typical accuracies of 10 mas yr<SUP>-1</SUP> and 30 mas yr<SUP>-1</SUP> for stars with these brightnesses, an order of magnitude better than from AllWISE. The catalog is available in the WISE/NEOWISE Enhanced and Contributed Products area of the NASA/IPAC Infrared Science Archive. | 9 |
a device for cleaning a cylinder of a printing machine by a washing cloth rolled from a supply roll and brought in contact with the surface of the printing cylinder by a pressing arrangement includes two rollers for transporting the washing cloth , a cutting device and a spraying device . the cleaning device is formed as a functional unit removable from and pivotable and lockable in opposite side walls connectable to the printing machine . | 1 |
a gas fired barbecue grill is provided with a horizontal refractor insert mounting briquette - like elements of fireproof material between the burners and the grill to simulate a charcoal or similar fire and eliminate grease fires by preventing grease from dropping on the burners . | 0 |
This release brings a number of bug fixes and improvements, most notably a major internal refactor of the indexing functionality, the use of flox in groupby operations, and experimental support for the new Python Array API standard. It also stops testing support for the abandoned PyNIO. Much effort has been made to preserve backwards compatibility as part of the indexing refactor. We are aware of one unfixed issue. Please also see the the pre-relase v2022.06.0pre0 for a full list of changes. Many thanks to our 18 contributors: Bane Sullivan, Deepak Cherian, Dimitri Papadopoulos Orfanos, Emma Marshall, Hauke Schulz, Illviljan, Julia Signell, Justus Magin, Keewis, Mathias Hauser, Michael Delgado, Mick, Pierre Manchon, Ray Bell, Spencer Clark, Stefaan Lippens, Tom White, Travis A. O'Brien | 9 |
an image projector has a pulsed or similar light source of high intensity and high heat emission housed in an opaque box having a light - diffusing glass panel in its forward side which is spaced behind a vacuum film - holding plate having a glass center . between the box light and the film - holding plate is a compartment which is open on the front and back and is sandwiched between the light diffusing glass panel of the box light and the film - holding plate such that no light escapes into the room . said compartment thus comprises an isolation chamber which passes light to the film but not heat . the box light and the isolation chamber each has its own blower system and independent , specially baffled vents such that air between the two does not intermix . the vents are so designed as to permit discharge of the air but inhibit the egress of light therethrough . | 6 |
a method for joining or reconstructing biological tissue comprises providing a solid filler material in the form of a preformed sheet , where the sheet comprises collagen , gelatin or a mixture thereof . the filler material is placed over tissue . radiofrequency energy or optical energy is thereafter applied to the filler material in an amount sufficient to melt or denature the filler material . | 0 |
the present invention relates to the field of food / drink containers and multimedia systems . more specifically , the present invention relates to a combination of a food / drink container . the present invention provides the user an immediate multimedia / communications sources while using the container wherein the container includes a body for accommodating food / drink , a closure for closing the container and a communications / multimedia module . | 0 |
a method of isolating an exposed conductive surface . an aluminum layer is selectively formed over the exposed conductive surface but not over the surrounding dielectric surface using a thermal cvd process . the aluminum layer is then oxidized to form a thin isolating aluminum - oxide over only the conductive surface . the isolating aluminum - oxide provides a barrier for the cu while taking up minimal space and reducing the effective dielectric constant . | 7 |
a method of creating a milled structure in a fixed material using a moving laser beam is disclosed , where a picosecond laser provides short pulses of light energy to produce required exposure steps , where a variable rate of laser beam movement conducts the milling upon the material , where the laser beam tool path directs the milling process to produce a milled hole of high quality and repeatability , and where the knowledge of how to measure these 3 quantities is returned as feedback into the laser system . the present invention is further embodied as a spiral milled tool path structured to achieve the customer specified tapered hole shape . the constant arc speed tool path is required to produce tapered holes to customer specification . | 1 |
These are the Mathematica files used to created figures in "Jamming and Unusual Charge Density Fluctuations of Strange Metals." | 9 |
Changes performance improvement of real trilogarithm Li3(double) (C, C++ and FORTRAN implementations) | 9 |
an example device includes a touchscreen and a processing system in communication with the touchscreen . the processing system is configured to perform operations including detecting a touch - on position on the touchscreen , setting a reference position based on the touch - on position , continuously detecting subsequent touch positions on the touchscreen after detecting the touch - on , and continuously performing operations based on one or both of a direction and a distance from the reference position to the subsequent touch positions . | 0 |
a voltage reference circuit for generating various selectable voltage reference values with temperature independence is disclosed wherein a band - gap voltage reference circuit portion , that produces a temperature independent band - gap voltage reference v bg output , has a cascode current mirror circuit portion coupled thereto in such manner that a selectable voltage reference v ref is output with the temperature coefficient of the selected voltage reference canceled . | 8 |
the timing of the holder blade of a folding machine is adjusted in dependence on the force exerted by a signature impacting on a locating plate , the timing of the folder blade being advanced in relation to an increase in the impact force , the actual impact force being compared with an optimal impact force , a signal representing the difference between said forces being employed to adjust the timing of the folder blade . | 1 |
benzotriazole compounds having the formula : ## str1 ## wherein r 1 is h , cl , or och 3 ; r 2 is a hydroxynaphthyl group ; and r 3 is a vinyl unsaturated polymerizable group . homopolymers or copolymers thereof are effective as uv light stabilizers and absorbers . | 2 |
a conduct pipe produced by the process of : producing a metal conduct pipe ; and attaching a powdery , tubular or filmy polyether ether ketone resin to the outside surface of the metal conduct pipe by means of pressure with fusing at a temperature of 350 °- 400 ° c . is disclosed . the conduct pipe is particularly useful in an electrode apparatus for collecting underground hydrocarbon resources by an electrically heating method . | 4 |
a surface wave device utilizing a surface wave of an sh type whose displacement is mainly displacement in the direction perpendicular to the direction of the surface wave propagation , the above piezoelectric substrate being made of a piezoelectric material whose ratio of the elastic stiffness constant c 33 d to the elastic stiffness constant c 44 e is more than 4 . | 7 |
a synchronous dynamic random access memory comprises a save register for temporarily storing in a write cycle read data read from one of memory cells in a preceding read cycle , and a selector for selecting data from the save register or data from a read section . the saved data is output in a next read cycle succeeding the write cycle in which the data is saved . | 6 |
a fuel cell is disclosed which is formed on a semiconductor wafer by etching channel in the wafer and forming electronics on the substrate electronically coupled to the fuel cell that controls generation of power by the fuel cell through electrical communication with the fuel cell . a hydrogen fuel is admitted into one of the divided channels and an oxidant into the other . the hydrogen reacts with a catalyst formed on an anode electrode at the hydrogen side of the channel to release hydrogen ions which are absorbed into the pem . the protons migrate through the pem and recombine with return hydrogen electrons on a cathode electrode on the oxygen side of the pem and the oxygen to form water . | 7 |
disclosed is a ski sled for skiing or sledding with detachably mountable wheel assemblies for conversion to scooting use . the ski sled has identical and interchangeable ski members for assembling the ski members in tandem relationship , in side - by - side relationship or in a combination of tandem and side - by - side relationships . | 0 |
method for coating a rectifier metal with alkali metal molybdenate / alkali metal silicate or alkali metal tungstenate / alkali metal silicate comprises immersing a rectifier metal and a cathodic metal in an electrolytic solution and imposing voltage potential between the two electrodes . the voltage is first raised to about 240 to about 260 volts during an oxidation stage , and thereafter to about 380 - 420 volts to form the desired coating . unique electrolytic solutions are provided for the electrodeposition method . | 2 |
a cardiac valve prosthesis having a frame and two or more leaflets attached to the frame . the leaflets are attached to the frame between posts , with a free edge which can seal the leaflets together when the valve is closed under back pressure . the leaflets are created in a mathematically defined shape allowing good wash - out of the whole leaflet orifice , including the area close to the frame posts , thereby relieving the problem of thrombus deposition under clinical implant conditions . | 8 |
apparatus for adaptive phase aberration correction of wave distortions caused by tissue inhomogeneities in ultrasound images . in accordance with the present invention , auto - correlation apparatus in multiple , parallel , color flow processors compute a cross - correlation which is used to correct distortions in real time . | 6 |
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