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a dynamic voltage reference circuit for generating one or more control signals for use in controlling a delay circuit or other circuit that requires compensation for process variations . the control signals are generated without drawing dc current at times other than when the active edge is propagating through the delay circuit . as a result , a reference generator with reduced power consumption is realized . | 7 |
a method , apparatus and system are described which provide a memory device having an array of cells which may be selectively designated for either error correction code use or redundancy cell use . | 6 |
a portable testing device for directly measuring developed lateral pressure induced on a material by a vertical applied pressure while the lateral expansion is adjustable . the testing device comprises a thin - walled cylindrical sleeve - like receptacle which is capable of lateral expansion in response to a vertical applied force on the material contained in the receptacle . the sleeve is provided with a slit formed in the wall thereof which extends between the upper and lower ends thereof to define first and second side edge portions . apparatus is provided for preventing and / or adjusting lateral movement of the first side edge portion as the vertical applied force is applied to the material contained in the receptacle . a pressure sensing cylinder is connected to the second side edge portion and has a fluid pressure gauge operatively connected thereto for sensing the developed lateral stress . | 6 |
Context. Measuring star formation on a local scale is important to constrain star formation laws. It is not clear yet, however, whether and how the measure of star formation is affected by the spatial scale at which a galaxy is observed. <BR /> Aims: We wish to understand the impact of the resolution on the determination of the spatially resolved star formation rate (SFR) and other directly associated physical parameters such as the attenuation. <BR /> Methods: We carried out a multi-scale, pixel-by-pixel study of the nearby galaxy M 33. Assembling FUV, Hα, 8 μm, 24 μm, 70 μm, and 100 μm maps, we have systematically compared the emission in individual bands with various SFR estimators from a resolution of 33 pc to 2084 pc. <BR /> Results: There are strong, scale-dependent, discrepancies of up to a factor 3 between monochromatic SFR estimators and Hα+24 μm. The scaling factors between individual IR bands and the SFR show a strong dependence on the spatial scale and on the intensity of star formation. Finally, strong variations of the differential reddening between the nebular emission and the stellar continuum are seen, depending on the specific SFR (sSFR) and on the resolution. At the finest spatial scales, there is little differential reddening at high sSFR. The differential reddening increases with decreasing sSFR. At the coarsest spatial scales the differential reddening is compatible with the canonical value found for starburst galaxies. <BR /> Conclusions: Our results confirm that monochromatic estimators of the SFR are unreliable at scales smaller than 1 kpc. Furthermore, the extension of local calibrations to high-redshift galaxies presents non-trivial challenges because the properties of these systems may be poorly known. <P />The maps (FITS files) and the data cube used in this article are only available at the CDS via anonymous ftp to <A href="http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr">http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr</A> (ftp://130.79.128.5) or via <A href="http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/qcat?J/A+A/578/A8">http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/qcat?J/A+A/578/A8</A> | 9 |
a bilayer base for attaching appliances selected from the group consisting of a component of a dental appliance , an orthodontic appliance , or an orthopedic appliance to a bony part of the human body wherein the appliance part to be attached to the bony part of the body may be made of metal , ceramic , or plastic . the base permits the appliance to be ready for mounting and includes a cured layer of polymer resin mounted on the appliance and an uncured layer of substantially the same polymer resin over the cured layer which when cured becomes integral with the cured layer in attaching the appliance to a bony part of the body . | 0 |
a passenger seat and a passenger service supply system is provided , comprising a seat with a seating and a backrest , and a passenger service module providing a passenger service such as conditioned air , a personal light , data network access or a similar service . a passenger service module supply line is connected to the passenger service module with a first end , and comprises an interface , which is adapted to connect a second end of the passenger service module supply line to a central supply line of a means of transport . the passenger service module supply line is thereby at least partly integrated into the seating . | 0 |
ultrasonic vibrators , attached to the back of a mirror , are vibrated according to an a . c . signal pattern which is selected from various a . c . signal patterns for the removal of water , frost and / or ice from the surface of the mirror . further included is a temperature detecting device attached to the back of the mirror for inhibiting operation of the ultrasonic vibrators when the temperature of the mirror exceeds a predetermined temperature , to thus avoid thermally - induced damage to the mirror . | 1 |
the production of 6 - hydroxy - 2 - naphthoic acid from anhydrous potassium 2 - naphthoxide and carbon dioxide is improved by introducing 3 - hydroxy - 2 - naphthoic acid to the initial stages of the process . | 2 |
disclosed is a serial access memory and a method of writing in said memory comprising at least one matrix of memory cells , a clock signal input terminal receiving a clock signal , a data input terminal receiving a defined number of data bits in series and a selection terminal receiving a selection signal , said method being initialized when the selection signal changes state from a first state to a second state . the writing in the matrix of memory cells occurs only if the selection signal goes from the second state to the first state during a window located just after the last of the data bits has been received . | 6 |
a system for bankcard payments , wherein payments are peer - to - peer transactions between the cardholder and merchant without participation from any third party . the system uses standard bankcards and supports both debit and credit card payments . for authorization of payments the system uses a special , global , distributed , append - only , and secure public bankcard ledger . the entries in the ledger are virtual accounts used for bankcard payments , organized into account chains . the system provides security , privacy , anonymity , and untraceability for cardholders and their transactions . the system allows for various users of the system to participate in transactions using preexisting payment systems . in one embodiment , specially designed mobile software modules and an innovative payment protocol all for transactions to be made between users . | 6 |
Code for subjective user evaluation of "gaze-contingent holographic speckle reduction" | 9 |
an electrochemical fuel cell system adapted for maintaining the efficient production of electrical power . the system comprises a fuel supply containing a hydrogen rich gaseous fuel for delivery to a fuel cell . a fuel supply conduit connects the fuel supply and the fuel cell for delivering a fuel stream of the hydrogen rich gaseous fuel to the fuel cell . an impurity sensor is carried by the fuel supply conduit for detecting impurities in the fuel stream prior to the impurities entering the fuel cell . a heating mechanism is provided in communication with the impurity sensor being operatively associated with the fuel cell for changing the temperature of the fuel cell . the heating mechanism raises the temperature of the fuel cell from a normal operating temperature to an elevated operating temperature when the impurity sensor detects impurities in the fuel stream to prevent the impurities from interfering with fuel cell efficiency . | 7 |
a method for regulating an automatic transmission unit having a plurality of coupling devices includes supplying a hydraulic medium to a control element ; and supplying at least a portion of the hydraulic medium to a hydraulic regulating valve . the control element determines the portion of the hydraulic medium supplied to the hydraulic regulating valve and supplies that portion to the hydraulic regulating valve . the hydraulic regulating valve regulates an operational function of one of the coupling devices . when the central element fails , a safety device regulates the operational function of one of the coupling devices as a function of the revolution speed of a shaft of an engine . | 5 |
an innovative pharmaceutical form for controlled drug release relates to systems obtained by the assembly of individual release modules , of which the capacity to release the drug in time and in space depends on the way in which the modules have been assembled . the modular structure offers high reproducibility of manufacture and flexibility of release . | 0 |
a method and apparatus is disclosed for remotely and robotically installing an organic , monolithic , structural and non structural , circumferential and partial radius membranes in conduits , pipelines or passageways . the included apparatus has the mechanical function to manually or automatically center the liner dissipation device in any geometrical shape . the included apparatus possesses the remote controlled capability to manipulate centrifugal dissipation of the liner to afford consistent thickness on any shaped profile or flat surface of the pipe wall surface . the apparatus includes a manual or automatic mechanical scissoring device for elevation changes and a manual or automatic rotational table for shaft alignment . the apparatus includes a means of automated self alignment by way of proximity sensors . the pendulum oscillation bracketing incorporates a fluid driven motor assembly communicating with a bored shaft and integrates as many as two offset dissipation devices . the included apparatus has both fluid and electrical rotary unions to transmit fluids and current from fixed ports to a rotating shaft assembly . the included apparatus has a mechanical function facilitating cutting and retrieval of cured spray build up on the spray orifice . this method and apparatus will allow for continuous lining applications of any thickness in one pass , in conduits and passageways employing multi component liquid polymers with rapid mechanical properties formation . | 5 |
a universal fit burner is disclosed having a main body member adapted to receive a venturi tube that is slidably mounted for increasing or decreasing the length thereof relative to the main body and a gas inlet for fitting different sized grills . also provided is an extension member that can be coupled to the main body member for increasing its size and an adjustable mounting bracket for securing the burner in the firebox of the grill . | 5 |
a client transitions between a suspended virtual machine state and an active vm state by employing a working set comprising a vm state file and a working set index file . the vm state file serializes each of the vm components that is saved to storage . the working set index file contains indirect information that records the offset , length , and region of various pieces of the vm state and contains a vm working set . the vm suspend state serialization is implemented as either a monolithic or an incremental process . | 6 |
a method for controlling the delivery of vapor from a bubbler containing a supply of chemical fluid through which a carrier gas is bubbled and from which bubbler vapors are delivered in a vapor stream entrained with the carrier gas . in general , the method involves equilibrating the pressure within the head space to that of the chemical fluid fill line to maintain a constant fluid level based on pressure and not relying on conventional level sensors and controllers . | 8 |
the present invention relates to an apparatus to prevent malfunctions or sorting errors when supplying coins to coin separation holes in a coin separator . the coin separator includes a coin carrier vessel with a coin supply control vessel that can successively supply a small quantity of coins , and an automatic coin release mechanism that causes the above coin carrier vessel to rotate in the reverse direction instantaneously to prevent malfunction and then rotate in the normal direction again resume normal coin separation operations . the automatic coin release mechanism operates in response to any coin that gets caught in the coin carrier vessel during the operation of coin separation that causes the operation to come to a stop . | 6 |
an antenna device having two substantial planar and conductive elements where the first element is acting as the radiator of the antenna , and the second element is acting as the ground plane for the radiator of the antenna . the two conductive elements are mounted substantially in parallel by a non - conductive housing , and the radiator of the antenna is facing towards the ground plane of the antenna with the cavity in between the first and second conductive elements being filled with air . | 7 |
Bug fix with finding IAD files. May be relevant for users who had the entire IAD downloaded, and was using htof to fetch single files from it. Implemented automatic downloading for hip2 Java tool data. Variety of other minor improvements. | 9 |
a universal joint apparatus comprises clamps , a locking mechanism , and a rod connecting the clamps and the locking mechanism . at least one clamp is a scissors clamp , i . e . a clamp comprising two segments fastened by a pivot . the scissors clamp generates extra compressive force on the object being held , providing a stable and rigid universal joint . clamps are able to rotate with respect to each other , allowing for greater flexibility in usage . the universal joint apparatus is capable of being added to a support frame between other components | 0 |
this disclosure deals with an air cooler and cleaner which receives compressed air coming from an air compressor and removes the moisture content , lubricant oil , solid particles and other contaminants which may be entrained in the air . the air cooler and cleaner includes a tubular metal housing , an upper housing closure and a lower housing closure . sheet metal cooling fins having housing - receiving openings and cylindrical spacer and heat - conductor collars around said openings are heat shrunk onto the housing in firm thermally conductive contact therewith , the fins being in spaced relation to each other . a swirl chamber is provided in the lower portion of the housing and a cooling chamber is provided in the upper portion of the housing . the swirl chamber has a tangential air inlet for rapidly spinning the air therein . an inverted cylindrical cup - like air director is mounted within the cooling chamber for directing the air against and along the wall of the cooling chamber in a thin layer . a funnel - like member including a flange is mounted a short distance below the air director for separating the swirl chamber from the cooling chamber and has a central opening and an air riser tube extending down from said opening into the swirl chamber to a substantial depth thereof . an air outlet port is provided in the upper closure for the discharge of the cooled and cleaned air , and a filter is provided in the upper end of the tubular housing , through which the compressed air passes . a contaminant drain opening is provided in the swirl chamber and an automatic drain valve is connected with the drain opening . | 8 |
an apparatus for adjusting the position of a cylindrical image carrier relative to a scanning head is designed to cheaply and easily permit substantially reliable positioning . in the apparatus for adjusting the position of a cylindrical image carrier relative to a scanning head , in which apparatus the image carrier is mounted so as to be rotatable around its longitudinal axis , the image carrier can be swiveled around an axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis . the invention can be applied to devices that generate images and to devices that reproduce images , in particular for the production of type forms and for the scanning of originals . | 7 |
cables have reduced freespace , reduced tube diameters , and reduced strength member diameters . the cables are designed to pass robustness testing such as gr - 20 while using smaller amounts of raw materials to produce . | 6 |
As galaxies evolve, they must enrich and exchange gas with the surrounding medium, but the timing of these processes and how much gas is involved remain poorly understood. In this work, we leverage metals as tracers of past gas flows to constrain the history of metal ejection and redistribution in M31. This roughly L* galaxy is a unique case where spatially resolved measurements of the gas-phase and stellar metallicity, dust extinction, and neutral interstellar gas content are all available, enabling a census of the current metal mass. We combine spatially resolved star formation histories from the Panchromatic Hubble Andromeda Treasury survey with a metal production model to calculate the history of metal production in M31. We find that 1.8 × 10<SUP>9</SUP> M <SUB>⊙</SUB> of metals, or 62% of the metal mass formed within r < 19 kpc, is missing from the disk in our fiducial model, implying that the M31 disk has experienced significant gaseous outflows over its lifetime. Under a conservative range of model assumptions, we find that between 3% and 88% of metals have been lost (1.9 × 10<SUP>7</SUP>-6.4 × 10<SUP>9</SUP> M <SUB>⊙</SUB>), which means that metals are missing even when all model parameters are chosen to favor metal retention. We show that the missing metal mass could be harbored in the circumgalactic medium of M31 if the majority of the metals reside in a hot gas phase. Finally, we find that some metal mass produced in the past 1.5 Gyr in the central ∼5 kpc has likely been redistributed to larger radii within the disk. | 9 |
This study explores the impact of a turbulent scattering mechanism, akin to those influencing solar and galactic cosmic rays propagating in the interplanetary medium, on the population of suprathermal electrons in the solar wind. We employ a Fokker–Planck equation to model the radial evolution of electron pitch angle distributions under the action of magnetic focusing, which moves the electrons away from isotropy, and of a diffusion process that tends to bring them back to it. We compare the steady-state solutions of this Fokker–Planck equation with data obtained from the Solar Orbiter and Parker Solar Probe missions and find a remarkable agreement, varying the turbulent mean free path as the sole free parameter in our model. The obtained mean free paths are of the order of the astronomical unit, and display weak dependence on electron energy within the 100 eV–1 keV range. This value is notably lower than Coulomb collision estimates but aligns well with observed mean free paths of low-rigidity solar energetic particle events. The strong agreement between our model and observations leads us to conclude that the hypothesis of turbulent scattering at work on electrons at all heliospheric distances is justified. We discuss several implications, notably the existence of a low Knudsen number region at large distances from the Sun, which offers a natural explanation for the presence of an isotropic "halo" component at all distances from the Sun—electrons being isotropized in this distant region before traveling back into the inner part of the interplanetary medium. | 9 |
a method for transferring one or more files is disclosed . the files are transferred from a host peer to a target peer in which respective message digests are calculated for a file on a host peer and a target peer . a comparison between the calculated digests is made prior to transmission of a file in order to establish whether the target peer possesses the file in question . where it is found that the message digests are identical , it is assumed that the file is present on the target peer . this can be done in the event that it is suspected that a file to be transferred may already exist on the target peer , for example if the target peer already possesses a file of the same name as that to be transferred . if it is discovered that message digests calculated by the host peer and the target peer are identical , the file is not transmitted by the host peer , thereby preventing an unnecessary use of available bandwidth . | 7 |
a chemicals mixing container includes : a cylinder having a tubular shaped outer tube , and an end wall which seals one end of the outer tube ; an elastic partition wall placed inside the outer tube to define a mixing chamber within the cylinder ; and an ejection auxiliary member placed inside the outer tube and outside the mixing chamber , and which has an end face swollen toward the mixing chamber and moreover which is enabled to press the elastic partition wall against the end wall . the chemicals mixing container is enabled to reliably mix a liquid material and a powder material together and discharge a mixture of the liquid material and the powder material without waste . | 1 |
a hands - free activating valve which permits liquid to flow and be ingested by the user . the apparatus includes a mouth portion and a mounting portion which engages to the opening of a container such as a water bottle . embedded within the mouth portion is the hands - free activating valve which includes an elongated flexible arch shaped activating stem , where one end is fixed to a holding plate and the other end is attached to a valve . the activating stem has memory which allows the stem to return to its initial condition . the valve is seated on a valve seat of the mounting portion for blocking liquid from exiting the apparatus . in addition , there is also an elongated liquid channel which is located adjacent to the activating stem . this liquid channel extends from the holding plate to the valve and communicates to the outside for allowing the liquid to flow therethrough and be consumed by the user . to activate the hands - free activating valve , the user &# 39 ; s front teeth are positioned on the arch of the activating stem , where the user &# 39 ; s front teeth apply a downward force on the arch , thereby moving the valve inwardly to allow the valve to move away from the valve seat which in turn allows liquid to flow through the liquid channel to be sucked and consumed by the user . | 1 |
a coriolis flowmeter whose flow tubes are made , at least part , of anisotrophic materials such as fiber reinforced composites . the composite material is formed by controllably orienting the fibers in one direction to increase the tensile strength of the material in that direction . selected areas of the flow tubes are formed of this composite in order to increase the flowmeter sensitivity and to better separate the desired flowmeter vibrational frequencies from the undesired vibrational frequencies . circumferentially oriented fibers increase the internal pressure containment capability of the flow tubes . a strain gauge affixed to the flow tube flexes with flow tube deformation to indicate the internal flow tube pressure . | 6 |
a rotary evaporator is described utilizing a magnetically driven fluorocarbon cylinder , operating within a solvent container , to create a thin solvent film for rapid evaporation without the usual requirement for rotating the entire solvent container assembly . infra - red heating is employed for efficient evaporation rates . solvent heating is controlled during evaporation by a single temperature probe , turning the infra - red heater on and off on demand of the probe . over heating of the product is prevented by maintaining a solvent residue at or near the conclusion of an evaporation . | 8 |
a hydrofoil sailboard comprising a conventional sailboard , without the usual tail skeg , equipped with two hydrofoils arrayed in a canard configuration , the combined lift of the foils being sufficient to hold the board clear of the water at operational speeds . the main foil , mounted beneath the rear of the board is designed to ride fully submerged and to support the bulk of the weight of the board and sailor . the much smaller canard foil , mounted beneath the front of the board is designed to ride at or near the water surface , and its purpose is control and balance . the main foil is connected to the board by a supporting foil which is provided with ventilation fences . the canard is rigidly connected to the board by a support comprising a rod about which a streamlined fairing is free to swivel . a seal between the fairing and the rod prevents airflow to the canard along the inside of the fairing . the purpose of the swiveling fairing is to eliminate canard ventilation along the outside of the support , to reduce drag , and to enhance steering . the canard is designed to rapidly shed air bubbles that may lodge on it when it is submerged . | 1 |
a packaged semiconductor device containing no ubm between a chip pad and an rdl pattern is described . as well , the device contains only a single non - polymeric insulation layer between the rdl pattern and the solder bump . the single non - polymeric insulation layer does not need high temperature curing processes and so does not induce thermal stresses into the device . as well , manufacturing costs are diminished by eliminating the ubm between the chip pad and the rdl pattern . | 7 |
method and apparatus for accurately measuring charge storage system operating conditions in a vehicle . a measurement circuit produces an electrical response at an output which varies linearly with battery voltage levels . the circuit is calibrated to provide an output only for a voltage range above a specified battery voltage level in order to improve the resolution in detecting these levels using a standard electrical level detector such an ammeter or voltmeter . the measurement circuit is connected to a display circuit for indicating at least one charge storage system operating condition based on the terminal voltage of the battery . the measurement circuit also includes an output damper to limit the large , rapid output variations experienced during vehicle start and circuitry for compensating for variations in circuit performance due to temperature variations . | 8 |
in order to perform printing by using a minimum of band buffer and correcting bending / inclination in a sub - scanning direction without making optical adjustments and using special hardware , 1 - band image data are stored in the band buffer , images stored in the band buffer are corrected , images lying outside a band area are stored in an intermediate buffer , and images including images stored in the intermediate buffer and corrected images of a next band that lie inside the band area are output . | 7 |
a date data processor verifies whether an inputted date data exists or not . inputted date data is stored in an input register which is composed of three sections according to month , day and year . a first calculating unit calculates the days difference between the inputted date data and a reference date , and the results are temporarily stored . a second calculating unit then performs an inverse calculating to arrive at a date based on the previously calculated days difference . the resulting date is compared with the inputted date to complete the verification . | 6 |
an sram wafer is conventionally fabricated through the definition of the gate poly . the pmos oxide is then applied in a layer that uniformly covers the surface and sidewalls of the gate poly , then the interpoly contacts are patterned and etched and the nmos s / d &# 39 ; s are implanted . the pmos load poly is deposited , again in a layer that uniformly covers the pmos oxide over the surface and sidewalls of the gate poly . oxide spacers are formed on the pmos poly along the gate poly sidewalls , and a p + implantation forms the pmos sources and drains . the oxide spacers protect an l - shaped region along the poly gate sidewall from the p + implant , thus defining pmos load channels on either side of the gate poly that are gated by the gate poly sidewalls . the foot of the l on one side and the extension of the l above the gate poly on the other create gate / drain offsets that reduce i . optionally , a gate poly / oxide stack may be used to enlarge one of the gate / drain offsets . | 8 |
a sample stage for electron microscope according to an embodiment of the invention includes at least two actuators capable of expanding and contracting or capable of swinging for moving a target sample in a predetermined direction . with a coordination of the two actuators , various controls are available by combining the operations of the two actuators . accordingly , a stage mechanism capable of reducing a stop drift as well as moving a stage can be provided . | 7 |
what may be termed a low - boy machine is provided with a side - positioned air - supplying blowing chamber , an air heating and upwardly and directing chamber - defining base part , a centrally disposed upright support post or column , an upright steam burst and heat - applying pipe assembly , an upper platform frame on the column that carries cap - finishing means , and a non - permeable bag positioned to extend upwardly between the base part and the upper frame to define a fluid - directing and mixing chamber for supplying steam and hot air to the cap - finishing means . the cap - finishing means has a pair of perforated cap - receiving and stretching parts through which steam and heated air is supplied to the inside of a fabric cap to be finished . the pair of parts have means for relatively moving them towards and away from each other to release and stretch a cap that is positioned thereon . | 0 |
Photometric investigations have revealed that Galactic globular clusters (GCs) exhibit internal metallicity variations amongst the so-called first-population stars, which until now were considered to have a homogeneous initial chemical composition. This is not fully supported by the sparse spectroscopic evidence, which so far gives conflicting results. Here, we present a high-resolution re-analysis of five stars in the Galactic GC NGC 2808 taken from the literature. Target stars are bright red giants with nearly identical atmospheric parameters belonging to the first population according to their identification in the chromosome map of the cluster, and we measured precise differential abundances for Fe, Si, Ca, Ti, and Ni to the ∼0.03 dex level. Thanks to the very small uncertainties associated with the differential atmospheric parameters and abundance measurements, we find that target stars span a range of iron abundance equal to 0.25 ± 0.06 dex. The individual elemental abundances are highly correlated with the positions of the stars along the extended sequence described by first-population objects in the cluster chromosome map: bluer stars have a lower iron content. This agrees with inferences from the photometric analysis. The differential abundances of all other elements also show statistically significant ranges that point to intrinsic abundance spreads. The Si, Ca, Ti, and Ni variations are highly correlated with iron variations and the total abundance spreads for all elements are consistent within the error bars. This suggests a scenario in which short-lived massive stars exploding as supernovae contributed to the self-enrichment of the gas in the natal cloud while star formation was still ongoing. | 9 |
A rare class of supernovae (SNe) is characterized by strong interaction between the ejecta and several solar masses of circumstellar matter (CSM) as evidenced by strong Balmer-line emission. Within the first few weeks after the explosion, they may display spectral features similar to overluminous Type Ia SNe, while at later phase their observation properties exhibit remarkable similarities with some extreme case of Type IIn SNe that show strong Balmer lines years after the explosion. We present polarimetric observations of SN 2018evt obtained by the ESO Very Large Telescope from 172 to 219 d after the estimated time of peak luminosity to study the geometry of the CSM. The non-zero continuum polarization decreases over time, suggesting that the mass-loss of the progenitor star is aspherical. The prominent H α emission can be decomposed into a broad, time-evolving component and an intermediate-width, static component. The former shows polarized signals, and it is likely to arise from a cold dense shell (CDS) within the region between the forward and reverse shocks. The latter is significantly unpolarized, and it is likely to arise from shocked, fragmented gas clouds in the H-rich CSM. We infer that SN 2018evt exploded inside a massive and aspherical circumstellar cloud. The symmetry axes of the CSM and the SN appear to be similar. SN 2018evt shows observational properties common to events that display strong interaction between the ejecta and CSM, implying that they share similar circumstellar configurations. Our preliminary estimate also suggests that the circumstellar environment of SN 2018evt has been significantly enriched at a rate of ~0.1 M<SUB>⊙</SUB> yr<SUP>-1</SUP> over a period of >100 yr. | 9 |
an airport inset light adjustable alignment container set provides a light fixture and stainless steel support for airport runway , taxiway , or other aircraft ground traffic areas . a variable length extension means rotatably adjusts height and azimuth by a rotatable vertical displacement . in one aspect , a previously installed , airport inset light and stainless steel base of the present invention receives a variable length extension assembly for rotatably adjusting the height and azimuth alignment of an airport inset light . rotation locking means are provided for securing the rotatable adjustment apparatus from further rotation . a novel stainless steel base is adapted to receive various different designs of inset lights and , in one aspect , to provide a stainless steel protection ring “ mud dam .” | 5 |
artificial insemination of female animals and in vitro fertilization of oocytes with fresh or frozen - thawed semen have been applied to the reproduction of animals . according to the traditional theory and conventional procedures , a great number of sperm cells are needed to ensure a successful fertilization . | 0 |
an in - plane switching mode liquid crystal display device comprises first and second substrates , a plurality of gate and data bus lines defining pixel regions and arranged on the first substrate , a plurality of data electrodes on same plane of the data bus lines these some parts are overlapped with adjacent gate bus line , a passivation layer on the data electrodes , a plurality of common electrodes on the passivation layer these some parts are overlapped with adjacent data electrodes , and a liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates . | 6 |
the present invention relates to a selectively purified tanshinone compounds containing extract from the root of a salvia spp comprising cryptotanshinone , dihydrotanshinone , tanshinone i , and tanshinone iia . it comprises at least 15 %, by weight of the said identified tanshinone compounds and at least 4 % by weight , of cryptotanshinone . the extract and formulations thereof have been found to exhibit excellent anti - microbial properties against , in particular mrsa . | 0 |
a stream of liquid methanol containing ammonia and other species is sent to the top of a countercurrent stripping column . the stream is stripped with a flow of ambient - temperature nitrogen or another inert gas . the column can be packed with random dumped packing . the overhead vapor contains ammonia and the liquid exiting the column has a reduced amount of ammonia . removing ammonia can reduce or prevent fouling or corrosion caused by ammonia . | 1 |
an apparatus for providing a light beam with spatially varying polarization . the apparatus comprises : two circumferentially curved reflectors positioned substantially opposite each other , a polarizer positioned in an optical path between the two reflectors , for polarizing light reflected from one reflector before it reaches the other . a non - polarized light beam incident along a given axis on one of the reflectors is radially reflected off that reflector , acquires predetermined polarization from the polarizer and is then reflected off the second reflector to a light beam of spatially varying polarization . | 6 |
a shoe has an activity level meter that displays , in a highly noticeable fashion , such as by lighting bright leds , the highest level of activity reached by a wearer of the shoe . in one embodiment , the display is a three - element led display in which zero to three leds flash briefly , but brightly each time the weight of the wearer is fully pressed against the inner sole of the shoe during a period of activity . a period of time after the activity ends , the leds light again for a longer period of time to indicate the highest level of activity reached during the activity period . | 0 |
useful in the art of housetraining a dog not to urinate indoors , the disclosed invention is a housetraining shirt that partially covers the dog , which prevent wetness on indoor surfaces , and which provides the dog with a reason to prefer to be let out to urinate and to indicate a desire to be let out for that purpose . | 0 |
Log for first release This release provides FreeFEM model scripts to launch the MsFEM-lin and the MsFEM-CR. Parallel versions are also available. The documentation to fine-tune the PDE and the MsFEM variant are here. | 9 |
a pressure gas engine such as a compressed air turbine in which gas flow to a pressure responsive rotor is controlled by a movable valve that is operated by a bellows with means connecting each side of the bellows to the gas in the turbine for supplying substantially equal gas pressure to both the inside and the outside of the bellows , a gas control member that closes a gas inlet independently of the bellows operated valve , a bleed line leading from one side of the bellows so as to regulate the pressure on that side and a speed responsive throttle valve in the bleed line to meter the amount of flow through the bleed line thereby maintaining the desired speed , all regulated and dependent upon the setting of an adjustable throttle valve . | 5 |
filter cigarettes are turned out by a combination unit composed of a cigarette maker coinciding with a substantially horizontal first leg , also a filter tip attachment machine coinciding with a second leg , of which the downstream machine is equipped with an infeed roller turning on a horizontal axis lying transverse to the second leg . the first and second legs extend parallel one with another and are linked by a transfer unit rotatable about an essentially vertical center axis and incorporating a plurality of holders , each designed to take up two cigarette sticks from an outfeed end of the upstream machine and direct them through a semi - circular path to an infeed end of the downstream machine . | 0 |
a timing signal generator which can operate stably even when , or directly after , a power supply is switched on . the generator is of the type having a first dynamic delay circuit for generating a first timing signal in response to said input control signal and a second dynamic delay circuit for generating a second timing signal in response to the first timing signal , and is featured by a first transistor connected between the output of the first dynamic delay circuit and a voltage terminal with a gate connected to the input of the first dynamic delay circuit and a second transistor connected to the output of the second dynamic delay circuit and the voltage terminal with a gate connected to receive the first timing signal . | 7 |
methods and systems for cleaning , coating and sealing leaks in existing pipes , in a single operation . a piping system can be cleaned in one pass by dry particulates forced and pulled by air throughout the piping system by a generator and a vacuum . pipes can be protected from water corrosion , erosion and electrolysis , extending the life of pipes such as copper , steel , lead , brass , cast iron piping and composite materials . coatings can be applied to pipes having diameters up to approximately 6 ″. leak sealants of at least approximately 4 mils thick can cover insides of pipes , and can include novel mixtures of fillers and epoxy materials , and viscosity levels . a positive pressure can be maintained within the pipes during applications . piping systems can be returned to service within approximately 96 hours . | 5 |
a fuel door and a sliding door are on the same side of a vehicle . the sliding door has power locking and power child locking . to prevent the sliding door from interfering with the fuel door during refueling , a lock controller responds to the fuel door moving to the open position by 1 ) preserving a current outside locked or unlocked state and a current inside locked or unlocked state of the sliding door , 2 ) initiating or maintaining the outside locked state and inside locked state , and 3 ) after the fuel door moving to the closed position , restoring or maintaining the preserved current outside locked or unlocked state and the preserved current inside locked or unlocked state . | 4 |
the invention relates to a canopy assembly for use on a tractor that can be conveniently installed and removed by a single operator . the canopy assembly includes , among other things , a sun shield , a bracket assembly , and attachment arms . installing the sun shield includes the step of attaching a pair of attachment arms to a pair of bracket mounting arms that are mounted to a tractor . | 1 |
within an illuminating pushbutton switch , an electronic latching circuit replaces an electromagnetic holding coil for latching or releasing a state of the illuminated pushbutton switch . the electronic latching circuit includes inputs receiving clock and reset control signals , one or more outputs delivering latch output states , which may include multiple configurable states , and latch logic controlled by the clock and reset control signals and delivering signals maintaining the illuminated pushbutton switch in a predetermined condition depending upon the latch state . the electronic logic circuit fits within the illuminated pushbutton switch housing in space sized to hold one snap action switching device without increase in the length , weight or mounting depth of the illuminated pushbutton switch . | 7 |
a method , system and medium for accepting geospatial data queries through an interface allowing dynamic predicates are disclosed . the geospatial data queries are translated into one or more intermediate formats , and then the intermediate format is provided to one or more geospatial data servers . each of the one or more geospatial data servers will receive the appropriate language and syntax for which it was designed . each of the one or more geospatial data servers will simultaneously process the request and , when processing is complete , render an appropriate result from that geospatial data server and application to an end user . | 6 |
a method for forming a thin film material which comprises depositing solid particles from a flowing suspension or aerosol onto a filter and next adhering the solid particles to a second substrate using an adhesive . | 2 |
the present invention relates to a non - toxic dipolar solvent for chromogenic substrate for detecting presence of lacz gene and / or gene activity , which comprises a stabilizing amount of a solubilizing agent . the present invention also relates to a method for inducing lac operon in screening assay , comprising the step of contacting an agar plate with at least one essential oil in a concentration sufficient to induce the lac operon . the present invention further relates to a method for detecting the presence of bacteria , comprising the step of contacting an agar plate with at least one essential oil in a concentration sufficient to induce detection of the bacteria . | 2 |
the embodiments of this invention disclose a method and system for forwarding traffic in a bearer network . the method includes : a ca related to a service call instructing a bearer network resource manager managed by the ca to allocate a qos policy and reserve resources for the service call ; the bearer network resource manager issuing the qos policy to an edge device in a management domain managed by the bearer network resource manager ; the edge device forwarding traffic matching the qos policy after bearer network resource managers managed by cas related to the service call successfully allocate qos policies and reserve resources . with the embodiments of this invention , the bearer network may be controlled precisely whether to forward traffic , and thus it may be avoided effectively that traffic is imported into the bearer network before the service connection is established so as to acquire exact service data amount . | 7 |
a method of generating a key by a first correspondent . the key is computable by a second correspondent by a second correspondent . the method comprising the steps of : a ) making available to the second correspondent a first short term public key ; b ) obtaining a second short term public key from the second correspondent ; c ) computing a first exponent derived from the first short term private key , the first short term public key , and said first long term private key ; d ) computing a second exponent derived from the first short term private key , the first long term public key , the second short term public key and the first long term private key ; computing a simultaneous exponentiation of the first exponent with the second short term public key and said second exponent with the second long term public key . | 7 |
a positioning terminal for generating position information of an object being transported includes a radio frequency identification module for storing status information of the object relative to at least two predefined locations , and a communication module for sending position information of the object to a control center . a controller reads the status information from the rfid module at predefined intervals , and controls activation of the communication module based on the status information . | 6 |
both the sensitivity and the reproducibility of processes for measuring low density ion implant doses near a semiconductor surface have been improved by first forming a thermal oxide layer on the surface and then adjusting the implant profile so that it peaks at the semiconductor - oxide interface . additionally , variations in the initial wafer surface condition have been minimized by controlling the charging dose and sequence prior to performing the measurements . | 6 |
the present invention relates to , inter alia , pharmaceutical compositions comprising eicosapentaenoic acid and / or derivatives thereof and nicotinic acid , to methods of manufacturing such compositions , and to therapeutic methods for treating carious diseases and disorders . | 0 |
The spectral observations and analysis for the W80 region are presented by using the data of Medium-Resolution Spectroscopic Survey of Nebulae (MRS-N) with the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST). A total of 2982 high-quality nebular spectra have been obtained in the 20 square degree field of view which covers the W80 complex, and the largest sample of spectral data has been established for the first time. The relative intensities, radial velocities (RVs), and full widths at half maximum (FWHMs) are measured with the high spectral resolution of LAMOST MRS-N, for Hα λ6563 Å, [N II] λλ6548 Å, 6584 Å, and [S II] λλ6716 Å, 6731 Å emission lines. In the field of view of the whole W80 region, the strongest line emissions are found to be consistent with the bright nebulae NGC 7000, IC 5070, and LBN 391, and weak line emissions also exist in the Middle Region, where no bright nebulae are detected by the wide-band optical observations. The large-scale spectral observations of the W80 region reveal the systematic spatial variations of RVs and FWHMs, and several unique structural features. A "curved feature" to the east of NGC 7000, and a "jet feature" to the west of LBN 391 are detected to be showing larger RVs. A "wider FWHM region" is identified in the eastern part of NGC 7000. The variations of [S II]/Hα ratios display a gradient from southwest to northeast in the NGC 7000 region, and manifest a ring shape around the "W80 bubble" ionized by an O-type star in L935. Further spectral and multi-band observations are guaranteed to investigate in detail the structural features. | 9 |
Compact object mergers can produce a thermal electromagnetic counterpart (a “kilonova”) powered by the decay of freshly synthesized radioactive isotopes. The luminosity of kilonova light curves depends on the efficiency with which beta-decay electrons are thermalized in the ejecta. Here we derive a simple analytic solution for thermalization by calculating how accumulate electrons lose energy adiabatically and via plasma interactions. The thermalization efficiency is well described by f{(t)≈ (1+t/{t}<SUB>{{e</SUB>}})}<SUP>-n</SUP> where the timescale {t}<SUB>{{e</SUB>}} is a function of the ejecta mass and velocity and the exponent n≈ 1.0{--}1.5 depends on the electron energies and the thermalization cross-sections. For a statistical distribution of r-process isotopes with radioactive power {\dot{Q}}<SUB>β </SUB>\propto {t}<SUP>-4/3</SUP> and n = 1, the late time kilonova luminosity asymptotes to L=f(t){\dot{Q}}<SUB>β </SUB>\propto {t}<SUP>-7/3</SUP> and depends super-linearly on the ejecta mass, L\propto {M}<SUP>5/3</SUP>. If a kilonova is instead powered by a single dominate isotope, we show that the late time luminosity can deviate substantially from the underlying exponential decay and the heating from the accumulation of trapped electrons eventually exceeds the instantaneous radioactivity. Applied to the kilonova associated with the gravitational wave source GW170817, these results imply that a possible steepening of the light curve at ≳7 days is unrelated to thermalization effects and instead could mark the onset of translucency in a high opacity component of ejecta. The analytic results should be convenient for estimating the properties of observed kilonovae and assessing the potential late time detectability of future events. | 9 |
an applicator assembly for mixing at least a first and second component is provided . the applicator assembly includes a manifold configured for operable engagement with at least a first and second source of component , the manifold including at least a first and second component channel therethrough , an elongated shaft extending distally from the manifold , the elongated shaft including at least a first and second component lumen extending the length thereof , the at least first and second component channels in fluid communication with the at least first and second component channels , a tip assembly defining a first chamber , an intermediate chamber and a final chamber . | 1 |
the present inventive subject matter is the method of use as well as a device or fixture for positioning and manipulating a patient &# 39 ; s lower extremity for surgical and diagnostic procedures where alignment is critical and minute adjustments may be required . once firmly attached to the operating table , the device prevents the patient &# 39 ; s extremity from moving after the physician has selected the precise position for the elected procedure . this is achieved by a combination of a fracture reduction plate , posts , shimming blocks and an articulating and rotating frame or cradle with an adjustable and lockable rack and gear configuration and pivot joints attached to a foot assembly which acts as a leg and foot splint . the cradle is attached to the patient via a series of adjustable straps preventing the extremity from moving independently of the cradle . | 0 |
a method of manufacturing a sport ball includes providing a fluid impervious bladder , providing apparatus for penetrating the bladder and including apparatus for receiving an object in sealing engagement , providing a plug dimensioned and configured to engage in sealing relationship the apparatus for receiving in sealing engagement , inserting the plug into the apparatus for receiving , inflating the bladder , and forming additional layers of material on the bladder that is part of a complete sport ball . thereafter , the method includes providing a self - contained inflation mechanism dimensioned and configured to be disposed within the envelope of the sport ball and dimensioned and configured to engage the apparatus for receiving , removing the plug from the apparatus for receiving , and placing the inflation mechanism into the apparatus for receiving . in some forms of the invention the step of forming additional layers includes adding reinforcing windings , molding a layer of rubber on the windings , and laminating composite panels onto the ball and setting the panels in a molding process . | 5 |
a mr compatible monitoring system has a fiber optic data link between the patient monitor and the control room display / keyboard in a magnetic resonance imaging suite to allow for continuous monitoring of a patient &# 39 ; s vital signs and provides critical care patients with the same diagnostic options as stable patients . the patient monitor is mounted on the far end of a magnetic resonance compatible patient transporter . the patient transporter sends video data and receives control data from the control room . during the imaging , the patient monitor is located within the magnet room . magnetic resonance imaging systems are very sensitive to radio frequency interference from other equipment and may produce image artifacts because of this interference . using a fiber optic data link between the patient monitor near the magnet and the control room will minimize the potential rfi . | 0 |
This repository includes simulation results for the relaxation of lunar crustal annulus using Abaqus, especially for reproducing our Figs. 4 & 5. | 9 |
a choke ring apparatus for attenuation of electromagnetic waves in a mobile platform fuselage includes a ground plane mounted on a surface of the fuselage . the choke ring has an axial circular window and a series of concentric circular ring segments on the ground plane arranged coaxially about the axis of the window . the circular ring segments extend from the ground plane . the ring segments defining at least one groove therebetween . the ring segments have a flat ridge at the edge , and each groove has a depth defined by a pair of adjacent ring segments . the width of the flat ridge surfaces and a width of the groove between adjacent ring segments are approximately equal . the depth of the groove is determined based on a predetermined resonant frequency , such that the choke ring apparatus selectively attenuates electromagnetic waves in a region of the resonant frequency when propagating through the window . | 7 |
a shelf is incorporated into a typical fcc riser that permits the tips of the nozzles to extend past the wall of the riser while preventing the tips from promoting coke build - up and protecting the tips from erosion . the shelf can be part of an angled section that often appears in a transition zone for increasing the internal diameter of the riser to accommodate the volumetric expansion of the feed . the shelf section reduces the non - uniformity in the mixing of the catalyst and feed and minimizes backmixing of the feed injection . the shelf of this invention accomplishes these objectives without recessing the feed injectors into the riser wall which can interfere with the spray pattern . the shelf provides a location for the tips of the upwardly directed feed injectors which virtually eliminates quiescent areas that were the sites for riser coking and that resulted from the protrusion of nozzles and / or nozzle protection devices into the riser . the uninterrupted flow path about the nozzles can replenish catalyst and erode away coke if it does form downstream of the reaction zone . this invention is particularly suited for small diameter risers where nozzle projection has the most disrupting influence on the catalyst and oil flow through the riser . this invention may also be used in conjunction with a contoured riser cross - section that shapes the interior of the riser downstream of the nozzles into a polygonal cross - section that matches the spray pattern of the nozzles . | 1 |
the present invention is a particle position solver that allows particles to reach an end of a fixed time , time step in an invalid state and which are then pushed toward a valid state . this allows the solver to continue the simulation while the simulation results move toward a valid behavior . particle collision calculations are simplified by adopting a non - sequential model ignoring some collisions or combining them . the speed of the simulation is also improved by performing some operations outside the solver calculation loop and by using specialized data structures . | 6 |
Context. T Tauri stars are surrounded by dust and gas disks. As material reservoirs from which matter is accreted onto the central star and planets are built, these protoplanetary disks play a central role in star and planet formation. <BR /> Aims: We aim at spatially resolving at sub-astronomical unit (sub-au) scales the innermost regions of the protoplanetary disks around a sample of T Tauri stars to better understand their morphology and composition. <BR /> Methods: Thanks to the sensitivity and the better spatial frequency coverage of the GRAVITY instrument of the Very Large Telescope Interferometer, we extended our homogeneous data set of 27 Herbig stars and collected near-infrared K-band interferometric observations of 17 T Tauri stars, spanning effective temperatures and luminosities in the ranges of ~4000-6000 K and ~0.4-10 L<SUB>⊙</SUB>, respectively. We focus on the continuum emission and develop semi-physical geometrical models to fit the interferometric data and search for trends between the properties of the disk and the central star. <BR /> Results: As for those of their more massive counterparts, the Herbig Ae/Be stars, the best-fit models of the inner rim of the T Tauri disks correspond to wide rings. The GRAVITY measurements extend the radius-luminosity relation toward the smallest luminosities (0.4-10 L<SUB>⊙</SUB>). As observed previously, in this range of luminosities, the R ∝ L<SUP>1∕2</SUP> trend line is no longer valid, and the K-band sizes measured with GRAVITY appear to be larger than the predicted sizes derived from sublimation radius computation. We do not see a clear correlation between the K-band half-flux radius and the mass accretion rate onto the central star. Besides, having magnetic truncation radii in agreement with the K-band GRAVITY sizes would require magnetic fields as strong as a few kG, which should have been detected, suggesting that accretion is not the main process governing the location of the half-flux radius of the inner dusty disk. The GRAVITY measurements agree with models that take into account the scattered light, which could be as important as thermal emission in the K band for these cool stars. The N-to-K band size ratio may be a proxy for disentangling disks with silicate features in emission from disks with weak and/or in absorption silicate features (i.e., disks with depleted inner regions and/or with large gaps). The GRAVITY data also provide inclinations and position angles of the inner disks. When compared to those of the outer disks derived from ALMA images of nine objects of our sample, we detect clear misalignments between both disks for four objects. <BR /> Conclusions: The combination of improved data quality with a significant and homogeneous sample of young stellar objects allows us to revisit the pioneering works done on the protoplanetary disks by K-band interferometry and to test inner disk physics such as the inner rim morphology and location. <P />GTO programs with run IDs: 0103.C-0347, 0102.C-0408, 0101.C-0311, 0100.C-0278, and 099.C-0667. | 9 |
a stud for a crawler pertaining to crawler - type vehicles , especially ski slope grooming vehicles or appliances for tracing cross - country ski runs , the stud having a carrier provided with a portion for mounting an inserted bar , wherein the mounting portion has two parallel legs interconnected by a connecting element arranged on the crawler , and arranged at an angle , at a distance from the bearing surface of the stud ; wherein the bar is partially glued and / or welded in the mounting portion . | 1 |
a high temperature humidity determining device which measures the moisture content of gas streams with temperatures as high as , but not limited to 600 ° f . the device uses a solid state , thin film polymer type relative humidity / temperature sensor and electronic barometer to measure the properties of the gas stream . the unit does not require laboratory quality oxygen , ice water , distilled water or any other cleaning fluids . in order to avoid damage to the sensor , a sample is cooled to below about 300 ° f . prior to sampling . this is done by pumping the sample air through a thermostatically controlled sample conduit , and into a positively pressurized and thermostatically controlled sample chamber . a microprocessor calculates the humidity ratio and dew point of the sample or other moist air properties , and delivers data to a visual process indicator , as well as to any other desired output . | 6 |
an orthotic joint , and the orthosis with which it is used , for the protective treatment of ligamentous injuries or deficiencies , or as a supplement to total joint replacement . the joint includes coacting guide members that are both slidable and pivotal with respect to each other and , when assembled and supported in pairs on opposite sides of a patient &# 39 ; s knee , allow freedom of movement of the knee except for those movements that would normally be controlled by the ligament or ligaments requiring protection . an arrangement of straps connect each pair of guide members and are tensioned in sequence to perform operations in conjunction with the articulating surfaces of the members that would otherwise be demanded from the protected ligament . the orthosis includes a system of interfacial elements and suspension elements that engage the upper and lower leg portions and effectively maintain the orthotic joints in proper positions to restrain abnormal knee movements or , in the case of prosthetic joint replacement , to prevent movements that do not conform with the prescribed action of the replaced joint . | 0 |
We compare the predictions of Horizon-AGN, a hydrodynamical cosmological simulation that uses an adaptive mesh refinement code, to observational data in the redshift range 0 < z < 6. We study the reproduction, by the simulation, of quantities that trace the aggregate stellar-mass growth of galaxies over cosmic time: luminosity and stellar-mass functions, the star formation main sequence, rest-frame UV-optical-near-infrared colours and the cosmic star formation history. We show that Horizon-AGN, which is not tuned to reproduce the local Universe, produces good overall agreement with these quantities, from the present day to the epoch when the Universe was 5 per cent of its current age. By comparison to Horizon-noAGN, a twin simulation without active galactic nuclei feedback, we quantify how feedback from black holes is likely to help shape galaxy stellar-mass growth in the redshift range 0 < z < 6, particularly in the most massive galaxies. Our results demonstrate that Horizon-AGN successfully captures the evolutionary trends of observed galaxies over the lifetime of the Universe, making it an excellent tool for studying the processes that drive galaxy evolution and making predictions for the next generation of galaxy surveys. | 9 |
Nonuniform-Temperature Fitting (NTFit) software package, as explained in the pair of papers "Resolving nonuniform temperature distributions with single-beam absorption spectroscopy." Version 2.0.0 has full package and example files, for E"-binning and Tikhonov regularization algorithm. Also contains HAPI for simulating spectra R.V. Kochanov, I.E. Gordon, L.S. Rothman, P. Wcislo, C. Hill, J.S. Wilzewski, HITRAN Application Programming Interface (HAPI): A comprehensive approach to working with spectroscopic data, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 177, 15-30 (2016) DOI: 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2016.03.005. and uses m-FID fitting, for an explanation see R.K. Cole, A.S. Makowiecki, Z. Hoghooghi, G.B. Rieker, "Baseline-free Quantitative Absorption Spectroscopy Based on Cepstral Analysis" Optics Express 27 (2019) DOI: 10.1364/OE.27.037920. Version 1.0.0-alpha contains length_bin.py, the Tikhonov regularization algorithm for taking linestrengths --> temperature. | 9 |
a data converter , or “ gearbox ,” for a padded protocol interface uses a reduced number of components by processing a narrower intermediate data stream , while at the same time multiplying the clock speed of its intermediate input and output so that it processes more data per clock cycle . the data streams can be narrowed to any integer factor of the original width . | 7 |
the present invention provides a slide guide for a press which comprises a gib structure with a spherical surface . the gibs are formed on a frame of the press . the spherical surface is provided with a holder or a cap to cover the spherical surface . the surface contacts are formed between the spherical surface bodies and the gibs or between the caps and the gibs . forming spherical contact surfaces prevents damage to the sliding surface . this slide guide provides uniform , secure contact at a sliding surface of a press and prevents uneven contact . the spherical surface body can be easily installed and can adapt to deformation of the slide and prevent damage to the sliding surface . | 1 |
a facsimile machine comprises a reader having a plurality of read modes for reading a text sheet , a memory for storing image data , a transmitter for transmitting the image data , and a controller for selectively transmitting the read image data through the memory or without routing it through the memory in accordance with the read mode of the the reader . the transmitter has a plurality of modes , including halftone and binary image modes . the facsimile machine is advantageous in providing efficient transmission of data , and may be used , for example , in providing an efficient scheme when a busy signal is received at the calling station . | 7 |
the present invention is directed to a method for producing amino acids by reacting halogenated carboxylic acid ester with a metal cyanate in the presence of an alcohol and by subsequent acidic saponification of the urethane carbonic acid formed . the method is characterized by the metal cyanate being placed at an elevated temperature in an organic solvent and the other reactants being continuously charged into the mixture over a defined time period . | 2 |
In the second paper of this series, we developed a new distance determination method using the median J magnitude of carbon-rich asymptotic giant branch stars (CS) as standard candles and the Magellanic Clouds as the fundamental calibrators. The J-band CS luminosity function was modelled using a modified Lorentzian distribution whose parameters were used to determine whether the Large or Small Magellanic cloud was the most suitable calibrator. In this third paper of the series, we expand our sample of galaxies and introduce a more robust method to determine the parameters of the Lorentzian model. The new fitting method uses an un-binned maximum likelihood estimator to determine the parameters of the Lorentzian model resulting in parameter errors that are significantly smaller compared to the second paper. We test our method in NGC 6822, IC 1613, NGC 3109, and WLM. We also estimate the distances to the same sample of galaxies via the tip of the red giant branch (TRGB) detection method. Our results from the CS measurements agree well with those obtained from the TRGB. | 9 |
We have used asteroseismology to determine fundamental properties for 66 Kepler planet-candidate host stars, with typical uncertainties of 3% and 7% in radius and mass, respectively. The results include new asteroseismic solutions for four host stars with confirmed planets (Kepler-4, Kepler-14, Kepler-23 and Kepler-25) and increase the total number of Kepler host stars with asteroseismic solutions to 77. A comparison with stellar properties in the planet-candidate catalog by Batalha et al. shows that radii for subgiants and giants obtained from spectroscopic follow-up are systematically too low by up to a factor of 1.5, while the properties for unevolved stars are in good agreement. We furthermore apply asteroseismology to confirm that a large majority of cool main-sequence hosts are indeed dwarfs and not misclassified giants. Using the revised stellar properties, we recalculate the radii for 107 planet candidates in our sample, and comment on candidates for which the radii change from a previously giant-planet/brown-dwarf/stellar regime to a sub-Jupiter size or vice versa. A comparison of stellar densities from asteroseismology with densities derived from transit models in Batalha et al. assuming circular orbits shows significant disagreement for more than half of the sample due to systematics in the modeled impact parameters or due to planet candidates that may be in eccentric orbits. Finally, we investigate tentative correlations between host-star masses and planet-candidate radii, orbital periods, and multiplicity, but caution that these results may be influenced by the small sample size and detection biases. | 9 |
the use of low specific gravity wood from thinning operations , for example , will produce a lower brownstock viscosity for a given kappa number target . a differential of 200 - cp falling ball pulp viscosity has been detected from kraft cooks of low and high specific gravity wood . using low specific gravity wood can reduce the bleach stage temperature and the chemical dose needed in the bleach plant to produce lyocell pulp specifications . low specific gravity wood also increases the ability to reduce pulp viscosity to very low levels without increasing the copper number of the pulp or the concentration of carbonyl in the pulp above acceptable levels . | 8 |
an infant bed construction for co - sleeping in the same bed as an adult is comprised of a frame that includes a head end wall , two side walls , and a base panel . a safety bar to protect the area of the head of the infant includes an arched member having opposed ends secured in a pair of mounting brackets on opposed side walls . the legs of the safety bar are releasably joined to the mounting brackets , and the safety bar may be pivoted from a generally vertical protective placement over the head of the infant , to a forward storage position that is adjacent to the head end wall of the infant bed . a safety bar key / keyway mounting arrangement is oriented so that the safety bar will pull out of the mounting brackets if the safety bar is pulled upwardly . as a result , the construction of the infant bed prevents using the safety bar as a handle for lifting the infant bed . | 0 |
Context. Studying chromospheric activity of contact binaries is an effective way of revealing the magnetic activity processes of these systems. One efficient but somewhat neglected method for this purpose is to follow the changes of the Hα line profiles via optical spectroscopy. <BR /> Aims: Our goal is to perform a comprehensive preliminary analysis based on the optical spectral signs of chromospheric activity on the largest sample of contact binaries to date. <BR /> Methods: We collected optical echelle spectra on 12 bright contact binaries in 17 nights. We derived new radial velocity curves from our observations. For quantifying the apparent chromospheric activity levels of the systems, we subtracted self-constructed synthetic spectra from the observed ones and measured the equivalent widths of the residual Hα-profiles at each observed epoch. Our well-sampled data set allowed us to study the short-term variations of chromospheric activity levels as well as to search for correlations between them and some basic physical parameters of the systems. <BR /> Results: Fitting the radial velocity curves, we re-determined the mass ratios and systemic velocities of all observed objects. We found that chromospheric activity levels of the studied systems show various changes during the orbital revolution: we see either flat, one-peaked, or two-peaked distributions of equivalent width vs. the orbital phase. The first case means that the activity level is probably constant, while the latter two cases suggest the presence of one or two active longitudes at the stellar surfaces. Our correlation diagrams show that mean chromospheric activity levels may be related to the orbital periods, B-V color indices, inverse Rossby numbers, and temperature differences of the components. At the same time, no clear trend is visible with respect to the mass ratios, inclinations, or fill-out factors of the systems. A- and W-type contact binaries in our sample show similar distributions on each of the studied correlation diagrams. <P />Based on data collected with 2-m RCC telescope at Rozhen National Astronomical Observatory, Bulgaria. | 9 |
a system for thermal analysis , including a sample crucible on a sample side and a reference crucible on a reference side in a measurement chamber , where the sample cup and the reference cup are each provided with a peltier system for adjusting the temperature and / or for detecting the temperature . | 6 |
a window and glass cleaning device includes a cleaning head and an elongated handle configured to be grasped by a user . the handle has a first end connected to the cleaning head and a second end configured to be connected to an extension handle . a fluid container is housed by the handle , and a spray nozzle is carried by said handle at a position approximate the first end of the handle . a pump is carried by the handle and connects the fluid container to the spray nozzle . the pump includes a pump actuator . an electric motor is carried by the handle and is operatively connected to pump actuator to drive the pump actuator in the pumping of fluid from the container through the spray nozzle . a power source and an electric switch are carried by the handle . the electrical switch is operatively connected to the power source and to the electric motor and is operable by the user to connect the power source to the electric motor to facilitate the pumping of said fluid through said spray nozzle . | 8 |
an internet enabled , business - to - business computerized transaction system is disclosed in its preferred embodiment for use in providing rental car services for high volume users and comprises an internet web portal through which the high volume user may access an integrated business computer network for the rental vehicle service provider . the rental vehicle services provider computer network is configured to interconnect a geographically diverse plurality of branch offices , cataloguing their available rental vehicles and schedules for same as well as handling all transactional data relating to its business . the internet web portal provides ubiquitous connectivity and portability for a multi - level business organization who regularly places high volumes of rental purchases with its business partner . utilizing the method and apparatus of the present invention large volumes of rental transactions may be placed , monitored , altered during performance , and closed out with financial accounting and payment being made virtually without human intervention . | 6 |
elastic inserts are incorporated in selected zones such as the legs and arms of an article of garment for motorcyclists , for example a leather suit , said inserts having a shape and manner of application such that the configuration of the garment in the rest condition corresponds to the position of the person wearing the garment when riding a motorcycle , but also allows said person to move freely when not sat in the saddle of the motorcycle . | 0 |
a novel aliphatic diisocyanate , namely 1 , 4 - biscyclohexane , is disclosed . polyurethanes derived from this diisocyanate exhibit advantageous properties . illustratively , polyurethane elastomers prepared from the above diisocyanate , a polymeric diol and a low molecular weight diol extender , possess significantly improved resilience properties and are useful in the preparation of automobile bumpers , fenders and the like . | 2 |
a sensing assembly for sensing a condition . the sensing assembly comprises a substrate and a thin - film circuit element disposed on the substrate . the thin - film circuit element is exposed to the condition and outputting an analog signal in response to the condition . the thin - film circuit element having a plurality of discrete layers operably joined together to output the analog signal . | 7 |
the present invention relates to the field of communication technologies , and discloses a method and an apparatus for forwarding packets to solve the problems in the prior art , namely , if a long internet protocol address needs to be searched for at the time of forwarding a packet , the number of ternary content addressable memories need to be increased , or an external random access memory needs to be accessed for more times , which leads to a high cost and low performance . the method includes : extracting a first bit sequence from a destination address of a received packet , and using the first bit sequence as a key value ; searching for a preset tcam entry by using the key value , and obtaining an index value returned by the tcam entry ; and using the index value and a second group of bits in the destination address of the packet as conditions for searching , according to a predetermined algorithm , for a preset forwarding information base entry , and obtaining a forwarding address of the packet . the technical solution under the present invention is applicable to searching a table for an internet protocol version 6 address in a router . | 7 |
amorphous copolymers of perfluoro - 2 , 2 - dimethyl - 1 , 3 - dioxole with at least one fluoro comonomer selected from one or more of ten defined classes having a recited minimum mole proportion of perfluoro - 2 , 2 - dimethyl - 1 , 3 - dioxole , in no event less than 65 %, have high glass transition temperatures of 140 ° c . or higher , low indices of refraction , and good physical properties , and low dielectric constants , which make them suitable for cladding optical fibers as well as for many electronics applications , including the manufacture of substrates for circuit boards . they all are soluble at room temperature in perfluoro , which makes it practical to apply them as coatings from solution . | 7 |
apparatus operable without need for an external power source for conveniently interconnecting data communication equipment , such as a modem , and multiple data terminal equipments , such as terminals and / or printers , which each have an interface conforming to a serial data communications standard , for permitting access to the dce of any of the dtes that may be connected to the apparatus . in the preferred embodiment , intended for the interconnection of interfaces conforming to the e . i . a . rs - 232 - c standard , a circuit interconnecting the data leads of a multiplicity of pluggable cable connectors supported on a chassis includes a transistor connected to be powered by input data signals from the dtes and to operate as a switch under certain signal conditions and to be effectively removed from the circuit under other signal conditions . | 7 |
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