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a cassette for supporting substantially planar objects such as photomasks , glass plates or semiconductor wafers during processing . the cassette is composed of bars connected at each end to an endpiece . arms which form part of the endpiece are hinged to permit the side bars of the cassette to move inwardly and outwardly from one another when objects are inserted in the cassette . a bridge can connect an upper portion of the arms . the bridge can be used to lift the cassette and cause flexing of the cassette to ensure better retention while the cassette is being lifted . | 7 |
an endoprosthesis , a method for imaging an endoprosthesis , a method of making an endoprosthesis involve a polymeric substrate that has been modified to have voids embedded within the substrate . the voids are sized to scatter optical radiation from within the substrate so that an optical coherence tomography image can be obtained in which an interior region of the substrate can be easily differentiated from empty space and other structures that surround the endoprosthesis . the voids allow for oct visualization of the polymeric substrate which may be difficult to visualize by other methods such as fluoroscopy . | 6 |
surface staining can be minimized or eliminated by providing an oral care composition comprising a first film comprising a pigment ; and optionally a second film ; wherein the first film has a dissolution rate in aqueous media that is inversely proportional to its thickness , wherein the first film is in the form of a particle . | 0 |
NASA's Near-Earth Object (NEO) Surveyor mission (NEOS) is an infrared space telescope designed to find, track, and characterize potentially hazardous near-Earth asteroids and comets, with a requirement to find the majority of asteroids large enough to cause severe regional damage. NEO Surveyor responds to the George E. Brown Congressional law directing NASA to find more than 90% of these objects by 2020, and the mission was the top priority for planetary defense in the 2022 Planetary Decadal Survey. While achieving this goal by 2020 was not accomplished, the NEO Surveyor mission is expected to reach 2/3 survey completeness for potentially hazardous asteroids larger than 140m within five years following its early 2026 launch. The mission can achieve the George E. Brown requirement of 90% completeness in approximately 12 years of surveying. The mission's lifetime is required to be 5 years, with a 12-year goal. NEO Surveyor is currently in Phase B (Preliminary Design), and efforts have focused on maturation of the design of its 50-cm telescope with a 1.7 x 7 deg field of view and infrared detectors simultaneously sampling two broadband channels spanning 4-5.2 and 6-10 um. NEO Surveyor will observe down to Solar elongations of 45 deg from its vantage point in a halo orbit around the Sun-Earth L1 Lagrange point, resulting in particularly efficient detection of the NEOs that have the most Earth-like orbits and consequently the greatest chance for collisions with the Earth. The mission will deliver diameters for hundreds of thousands of NEOs, millions of main belt asteroids, and thousands of comets; albedos will be computed where archival visible light observations are available e.g. from existing and future surveys such as the Catalina Sky Survey, Pan-STARRS, the Zwicky Transient Facility, or the Vera C. Rubin Observatory. | 9 |
device for pressure tapping , integrated into the fuselage of an aircraft , comprising an integrated plate , without discontinuity , with a pressure tapping part in the center . the plate enters a supplementary opening formed in a fuselage panel . the plate and the panel part surrounding the opening are fixed on a supporting element linked to the framework of the aircraft . in the case where rivet , screw or bolt type fixations are used , they are placed at the edge of the plate . this arrangement facilitates assembly and improves the precision of the measurement , by suppressing any discontinuity in the measurement zone . | 1 |
a new and improved type of aluminum stoplog for use in stoplog gates . the stoplog is made of extruded channel members , has lifting hooks on its top end to facilitate removal , and has a recessed region running along its bottom end to accommodate the lifting hooks of an adjacent and lower stoplog of like design . the stoplog also includes improved sealing means about a part of its perimeter . | 4 |
new polymorphs of 5 - amino or substituted amino 1 , 2 , 3 - triazole and substituted derivatives thereof , of orotates of the carboxyamidotriazoles , of formulations of the triazoles and orotic acid in the ratio of 1 : 1 to 1 : 4 and of safer processes of the preparation of the same are disclosed . the compounds are useful in the control and treatment of diseases including , but not limited to solid cancers , macular degeneration , retinopathy , chronic myeloid leukemia , aids and diseases which rely on aberrant signal transduction . the improved processes to prepare the orotate formulations use stable , efficient and safer starting azide intermediate materials in the synthesis of new polymorphs of carboxyamidotriazole . | 2 |
a method for adsorbing and oxidizing voc &# 39 ; s in the same bed , thus reducing the size of or even eliminating the need for a catalytic or thermal oxidation unit at the end of the system . in this system , a catalyst is intimately interspersed with the adsorbent material . the catalyst oxidizes voc &# 39 ; s released during desorption when it reaches the ` light off temperature ,` that is , the catalyst temperature necessary for oxidation to begin . as voc &# 39 ; s are desorbed , they are combusted by the catalyst in the same bed and also by their combustion , heat the bed to aid in the desorption of voc &# 39 ; s elsewhere in the bed . | 1 |
a scan - register having first and second data input ports , a data output port , and inputs for at least first , second , third , and fourth control signals . the scan - register comprises the following elements : first means having inputs coupled to the first and second data input ports for selectively storing data appearing on one of the said data input ports in accordance with the occurrence of a predefined combination of states of at least the first and second control signals ; second menas having at least one input coupled to the second data input port for selectively storing data appearing on the second data input port in accordance with the occurrence of a predefined state of at least the third control signal ; and third means having at least one input port coupled to an output of one of the first and second means , and further having an output coupled to the data output port , for selectively storing data stored in either the first or second means in accordance with the occurrence of a predefined state of at least the fourth control signal and providing the data stored therein to the data output port . the data appearing on one of the first and second data input ports is therefore sequentially shiftable through selected ones of the first , second and third means , to the output port in accordance with the occurrence of predefined sequences of the predefined states of selected ones of the control signals . | 6 |
a data processing apparatus includes a key input device , a display device , a schedule data memory for storing schedule data attached with a data and a time within the date inputted from the key input device by the day , a time calculator for calculating a present date and time based on a date and time initially set , an alarm setting device for setting a requisition of alarm in a schedule data of a desired data and time included in the schedule data stored in the schedule data memory , a comparator for comparing the present date and time outputted from the time calculator with the date and time attached to the schedule data set with the requisition of the alarm by the alarm setting device and a display controller for simultaneously displaying the schedule data set with the requisition of the alarm and other schedule data being adjacent to said schedule data when the result of the comparison by the comparator is conformable . | 6 |
an orthotic for mounting on a user &# 39 ; s arm comprises an upper cuff that is removeably attachable to the user &# 39 ; s arm at a point above the elbow joint . a lower cuff is removeably attachable to the user &# 39 ; s arm at a point below the elbow joint , and is rotationally fixed to the forearm . at least one flexible elongated member having a first end that is releasably coupled to the upper cuff and an opposite second end that is releasably coupled to the lower cuff . the upper cuff and the lower cuff are configured to move in more than one plane with respect to one another . | 0 |
a housing module which is formed as a box - beam structure , and has sufficient rigidity and strength so that it can be used to span distances of relatively great length . the housing unit is able to be prefabricated and can be readily transported without the need for additional support or stiffening members to prevent damage from excess flexure . further , the unit can be simply put in place on site without any additional stiffening or strengthing members . in addition , the units can be stacked one over the other , thus greatly increasing their flexibility to the architect . | 4 |
a sliding sleeve valve and method for assembly is disclosed . the valve comprises a segmented main body that is assembled from a top , middle and bottom segments . the middle segment has flow apertures . a closing sleeve is co - axially mounted in the assembled main body . the closing sleeve has flow apertures that are intended to communicate with the flow apertures of the middle section when the valve is open . the closing sleeve is sealed by seal means within the main body to prevent undesired fluid flow across the valve . the seal means comprise primary , secondary and tertiary seals acting in cooperative combinations . the seals comprise o - ring and vee - stack seals located within the body of the valve . the sliding sleeve valve has a fluid pressure equalization means to permit equalization of fluid pressure across the valve before it is fully opened or fully closed in order to reduce wear on the seals . the equalization means comprises a plurality of pressure equalization ports in the sliding sleeve that are intended to communicate with the main body apertures prior to the sliding sleeve apertures when opening and subsequent to the sliding sleeve apertures when closing . | 4 |
Cosmological N-body simulations have been a major tool of theorists for decades, yet many of the numerical issues that these simulations face are still unexplored. This paper measures numerical biases in these large, dark matter-only simulations that affect the properties of their dark matter haloes. We compare many simulation suites in order to provide several tools for simulators and analysts which help mitigate these biases. We summarize our comparisons with practical 'convergence limits' that can be applied to a wide range of halo properties, including halo properties which are traditionally overlooked by the testing literature. We also find that the halo properties predicted by different simulations can diverge from one another at unexpectedly high resolutions. We demonstrate that many halo properties depend strongly on force softening scale and that this dependence leads to much of the measured divergence between simulations. We offer an empirical model to estimate the impact of such effects on the rotation curves of a halo population. This model can serve as a template for future empirical models of the biases in other halo properties. | 9 |
a portable stand and mount for securing a laptop computer . the computer is clamped between a fixed clamping member on one side and an adjustable movable clamping member on the other side . the movable clamping member is positioned by screw means mounted on the top surface of the mounting plate of the stand . the mounting plate also is provided with a plurality of holes that allow the clamping members to be positioned to accommodate various sizes and configurations of laptop computers . it also is provided with openings which allow cooling air to circulate beneath the computer , with means for hanging accessories therefrom , and with a light . a mounting post extends downwardly from the underside of the mounting plate , so that it can be clamped to other fixtures such as a drum set stand or tripod . | 5 |
selection criteria for dyes that predicts efficiency and performance for plastics welding . a first stage quantitative calculation screens dyes that possess an absorption band that can be matched to a laser that is suitable for plastic welding . it also identifies absorption troughs in the visible spectrum and establishes relationships between the relative optical densities of the absorption band and trough . a second stage quantitative calculation screens dyes for their contribution to the transparency of the substrate . by combining these two stages , the usefulness of a candidate dye can be quickly , easily and inexpensively determined . | 1 |
a teletext system in which viewer function selection is accomplished by superposing a cursor on one of the displayed function words . the teletext / videotext receiver includes a rom for storing page selection control symbols and a ram for storing symbols and related addresses corresponding to all displayed page selection symbols . the ram contents are compared with a cursor address signal to identify displayed page selection symbols that are at or near the cursor location . a page selection symbol , thus identified , is transferred from the ram to the teletext / videotext system decoder as an information selection command in response to depression of a selection key whereby a minimum number of keys provide selection of a virtually unlimited number of system commands and a user may continuously monitor the displayed text while making selections thus reducing selection entry errors . provision is made for altering the cursor position , shape and / or brightness upon a predetermined condition of proximity of the cursor with respect to a displayed system command symbol to verify the validity of the command to the user and to avoid positional ambiguities of the cursor relative to the displayed symbol . | 7 |
this invention relates to improved wound dressings that are adapted to being readily sized to fit the shape of the wound so that healing is promoted . in particular , the present invention is directed to a scored spiral wound dressing . more particularly , this invention relates to a spiral wound dressing having superior absorption properties and which is capable of swelling in the presence of wound fluid to closely fit the wound . | 0 |
a medical retrieval device is used to retrieve and / or fragment stones from the body of a patient . the device has a retrieval basket with a releasable tip . the tip release is designed to release in a controlled pre - determined manner and under a predetermined force before any other component of the device fails due to a force exerted on the basket . | 0 |
disclosed is a monitoring and control device , applicable to an illumination apparatus . the illumination apparatus includes a lighting unit which outputs a signal representative of a status of the lighting unit . the illumination apparatus includes an apparatus identifier . the illumination apparatus includes : a monitoring circuit electrically coupled to the lighting unit , for receiving the signal and determining whether the illumination apparatus needs to be replaced in response to the signal satisfying a condition ; a controller electrically coupled to the monitoring circuit ; and a receiving / transmitting unit electrically coupled to the controller , wherein the controller controls the receiving / transmitting unit to transmit the apparatus identifier of the illumination apparatus to be replaced in response to the determination is affirmative . a method thereof is also disclosed . | 7 |
a method for securing and sealing one tubular to another downhole facilitates cementing prior to sealing and allows for suspension of one tubular in the other by virtue of pipe expansion techniques . | 4 |
abstract : a method of storing and dispensing wine comprising locating a flexible bladder within a walled container such as a oak barrel with the bladder in fluid communication with an aperture positioned adjacent one edge of a wall of the container ; orientating the container so that the aperture is at the top of the container ; filling the flexible bladder with wine via the aperture ; sealing the aperture with a tap ; expelling the air from within the bladder via the tap using a vacuum pump ; inverting the container so that the tap is at the bottom of the container ; and drawing off the wine from the tap . the barrel is supported on means such as a trestle which has roller bearings to facilitate free axial rotation of the barrel . | 1 |
an insert comprising a body to be embedded in concrete and having a prong smaller in size than said body , connected at one end to said body by a frangible neck . the prong has external ridges and is adapted to be driven by a hammer into an undersized opening in a mold to securely mount the insert in place . after the concrete has set , the prong is automatically broken off , i . e ., separated from the embedded portion of the insert , as an incident to the stripping of the mold from the work . | 8 |
The discovery<SUP>1</SUP> of 1I/2017 U1 (1I/`Oumuamua) has provided the first glimpse of a planetesimal born in another planetary system. This interloper exhibits a variable colour within a range that is broadly consistent with local small bodies, such as the P- and D-type asteroids, Jupiter Trojans and dynamically excited Kuiper belt objects<SUP>2-7</SUP>. 1I/`Oumuamua appears unusually elongated in shape, with an axial ratio exceeding 5:1 (refs <SUP>1,4,5,8</SUP>). Rotation period estimates are inconsistent and varied, with reported values between 6.9 and 8.3 h (refs <SUP>4-6,9</SUP>). Here, we analyse all the available optical photometry data reported to date. No single rotation period can explain the exhibited brightness variations. Rather, 1I/`Oumuamua appears to be in an excited rotational state undergoing non-principal axis rotation, or tumbling. A satisfactory solution has apparent lightcurve frequencies of 0.135 and 0.126 h<SUP>-1</SUP> and implies a longest-to-shortest axis ratio of ≳5:1, although the available data are insufficient to uniquely constrain the true frequencies and shape. Assuming a body that responds to non-principal axis rotation in a similar manner to Solar System asteroids and comets, the timescale to damp 1I/`Oumuamua's tumbling is at least one billion years. 1I/`Oumuamua was probably set tumbling within its parent planetary system and will remain tumbling well after it has left ours. | 9 |
an electrical device mounting assembly for flush wall mounting of an electronic device that requires both power and low voltage connections . the assembly enables recessed mounting of all electrical components , wiring , cabling , and plug ends of electrical cords behind the wall surface . the mounting assembly includes a mounting frame , a trim plate , and rotatable clamp arms to enable rapid mounting to a wall . the mounting assembly enables mounting of either a high voltage or low voltage mounting plates at an angle with respect to the wall surface , thereby minimizing the depth of the mounting frame while providing a substantial enclosure for recessing plug ends of electrical cords and low voltage cables . the mounting assembly enables consolidation of power and signal hookups for a tv , home entertainment system , or similar electronic device in a single assembly that is recessed within the wall . | 7 |
the present invention addresses the problem of conveniently and efficiently decorating nanostructures such as carbon nanotubes with aerosol nanoparticles using electrostatic force directed assembly . esfda permits size selection as well as control of packing density spacing of nanoparticles . esfda is largely material independent allowing different compositions of such nanoparticle - nanotube structures to be produced . | 1 |
a mobile two - way communication antenna is mounted on a metal plate which is pivotally secured to a housing so as to pivot about a horizontal axis . an electric reversible motor drives an elongated screw which in turn moves a cam surface linearly . the cam surface coacts with the metal mounting plate for moving the plate and the antenna between a horizontal and a vertical position . horizontally extending ground plane elements are provided in applications where the housing is nonconducting . these elements contact the metal mounting plate when the plate is in its full upright horizontal position . | 7 |
operation retrieval of webpage which includes content that actively changes on client side . when transmitting a webpage to a web browser , a web server detects an operation log acquisition function operating in the client &# 39 ; s browser , detects web page text layout changes , and inserts and transmits a saved difference detection function . web browser executes the difference detection function that was inserted in the web page that was received and saves the text layout of the webpage as a first text layout . web browser executes the operation log acquisition function and generates and saves the operation log for web page , executes the difference detection function , compares text layout of webpage and first text layout , and if there is a disparity , makes a link between the disparity and the operation log . the log coordination server retrieves the operation of the web application , using the disparity that was linked to the operation log | 6 |
Using spatially resolved spectroscopy, we investigated the characteristics and different modes of formation of stars in elliptical galaxies. We identified an unusual population of 59 star-forming elliptical (SF-E) galaxies in SDSS-MaNGA, our primary sample. To identify these rare star-forming ellipticals, we combined GSWLC-A2 containing outputs of stellar population synthesis models with morphological results from the deep-learning catalogue and resolved and integrated properties from the MaNGA Pipe3D value-added catalogue. We have also constructed two control samples of star-forming spirals (SF-Sps; 2419 galaxies) and quenched ellipticals (Q-Es; 684 galaxies) to compare with our primary sample of SF-Es. H$\alpha$ emission line flux of SF-Es is similar to spiral galaxies. The D4000 spectral index indicates that SF-Es have a mixture of old and young stellar populations. Mass-weighted stellar age and metallicity for the SF-Es are lower than the Q-Es. 67\% of stellar and gas velocity maps of the primary sample show signs of kinematic disturbance. All of these indicate that SF-Es have acquired metal-poor gas through recent mergers or interactions with other galaxies and are forming a new generation of stars. Further, we subdivide our primary sample of SF-Es into four classes based on their $B/T$ and $\lambda_{re}$. These four classes have their distinct evolutionary history and modes of formation. Based on these results, we suggest that the Hubble diagram does not accurately capture galaxy evolution processes, and we need a revised morphology diagram like the comb morphology diagram to get a complete picture of the galaxy evolution processes. | 9 |
a rear bumper protective device that is fitted atop a bumper of a vehicle . the rear bumper protective device including a base layer of flexible material having a top portion , side portions , and a bottom portion , the base layer having a construction and thickness capable of reducing damage to a rear portion of a vehicle , and being of sufficient dimensions to at least partially cover a rear portion of a vehicle when fitted atop the bumper of the vehicle . the bumper protection device further including one or more stabilizing blocks protruding from the top portion of the base layer , the stabilizing blocks positioned substantially colinearly with a contour edge of the top portion . | 1 |
In this paper, we report on spatial intensity interferometry measurements within the Hα line on two stars: the Luminous Blue Variable supergiant P Cygni and the late-type B supergiant Rigel. The experimental setup was upgraded to allow simultaneous measurement of two polarization channels, instead of one in our previous setup, and the zero baseline correlation function on-sky to validate independent estimates obtained from the stellar spectrum and the instrumental spectral throughput. Combined with simultaneous spectra measurements and based on radiative transfer models calculated with the code CMFGEN, we were able to fit our measured visibility curves to extract the stellar distances. Our distance determinations for both P Cygni (1.61 ± 0.18 kpc) and Rigel (0.26 ± 0.02 kpc) agree very well with the values provided by astrometry with the Gaia and Hipparcos missions, respectively. This result for Rigel was obtained by adopting a stellar luminosity of L<SUB>⋆</SUB> = 123 000 L<SUB>⊙</SUB>, which is reported in the literature as being consistent with the Hipparcos distance to Rigel. However, due to the lack of consensus on Rigel's luminosity, we also explore how the adoption of the stellar luminosity in our models affects our distance determination for Rigel. In conclusion, we support, in an independent way, the distance to Rigel as the one provided by the Hipparcos mission, when taking the luminosity of 123 000 L<SUB>⊙</SUB> at face value. This study is the first successful step towards extending the application of the Wind Momentum Luminosity Relation method for distance calibration from an LBV supergiant to a more normal late-type B supergiant. | 9 |
novel 1 - amino - naphthyridine - and quinoline - carboxylic acids as antibacterial agents are described as well as methods for their manufacture , formulation , and use in treating bacterial infections . | 2 |
a wavelength - division multiplexed system includes an optical communications link with one or more optical amplifiers cascaded from an input end to an output end . each amplifier has a predetermined optical gain throughout a pass band , and passes optical signals in the pass band along the link . transmitting optical communications equipment is coupled to the input end of the link and provides a wdm optical communications signal to the link . the wdm optical signal includes a number of spaced - apart optical signals , including data optical signals and at least one management optical signal , that reside in the pass band of the optical amplifiers . receiving optical communications equipment coupled to the output end of the link receives the wdm optical communications signal , separates the management optical signal from the data optical signals , recovers management information from the separated management optical signal , and uses the recovered management information to carry out management functions . in one case , the management optical signal resides at an edge of the pass band of the optical amplifiers , for example at 1529 . 5 nm or 1561 nm in a system having optical amplifiers specified to operate from 1530 to 1560 nm . | 7 |
a street graphic cage for a post top light wherein the cage is installed around a globe positioned on said post . the street graphic cage has an upper frame element defining a plurality of panel apertures . the panel apertures receive translucent panels therein such that they may be backlit and illuminated . the panels are readily removable without entry into the globe or electrical system of the post top light and may contain user defined indicia thereon . the upper frame element may also have a plurality of logo block apertures which can receive either translucent logo blocks or decorative die - cast aluminum blocks . the cage may also have a lower circular frame element for affixing the cage to the post top light below the globe . | 8 |
1 . micromechanical enclosure 2 . 1 . previous micromechanical enclosures that are made of two bonded wafers usually have , in the contact area , a glass frit bond which , on account of its large size , compensates for the unevennesses between the two joined wafers . 2 . 2 . in order to obtain a micromechanical enclosure with the smallest dimensions , a level compensation layer is arranged next to the conductor track layer beneath the contact area during the manufacture of the wafer . if a planarizing layer , which forms a level surface , is applied above this , then a level area is created which can easily be joined to another by means of a wafer bond . 2 . 3 . such enclosures are suitable for micromechanical sensors , particularly acceleration sensors in the field of automotive vehicles . | 7 |
We investigate the spatially resolved morphology of galaxies in the early Universe. We consider a typical redshift z = 6 Lyman break galaxy, 'Althæa', from the SERRA hydrodynamical simulations. We create mock rest-frame ultraviolet (UV), optical, and far-infrared observations, and perform a two-dimensional morphological analysis to deblend the galaxy disc from substructures (merging satellites or star-forming regions). We find that the [C II]158 μm emitting region has an effective radius 1.5-2.5 times larger than the optical one, consistent with recent observations. This [C II] halo in our simulated galaxy arises as the joint effect of stellar outflows and carbon photoionization by the galaxy UV field, rather than from the emission of unresolved nearby satellites. At the typical angular resolution of current observations (≳ 0.15 arcsec) only merging satellites can be detected; detection of star-forming regions requires resolutions of ≲ 0.05 arcsec. The [C II]-detected satellite has a 2.5-kpc projected distance from the galaxy disc, whereas the star-forming regions are embedded in the disc itself (distance ≲ 1 kpc). This suggests that multicomponent systems reported in the literature, which have separations ≳ 2 kpc, are merging satellites, rather than galactic substructures. Finally, the star-forming regions found in our mock maps follow the local L<SUB>[C II]</SUB>-SFR<SUB>UV</SUB> relation of galaxy discs, although sampling the low-luminosity, low-SFR tail of the distribution. We show that future James Webb Space Telescope observations, bridging UV and [C II] data sets, will be exceptionally suited to characterize galaxy substructures, thanks to their exquisite spatial resolution and sensitivity to both low-metallicity and dust-obscured regions that are bright at infrared wavelengths. | 9 |
bookbinding machine with a horizontal turntable 2 which carries pairs of clamping jaws and transports the pairs of clamping jaws past work stations , wherein a disc cam is provided coaxially with the turntable to open and close the pairs of clamping jaws , characterized in that the axis of the turntable is defined by a shaft which is rotatably connected with the turntable by friction elements , that the shaft is non - rotatably connected with a second disc cam which controls the movements of a restrainer into and / or from the path of the turntable in order to arrest briefly the turntable whenever a pair of clamping jaws is located at the inserting station for inner books . | 1 |
X-ray diffraction data analysis for high pressure and high temperature experiments | 9 |
a circuit arrangement is disclosed for controlling an illuminating device , particularly light - emitting diodes , in a control device of a motor vehicle , comprised of at least one illuminating device , which is integrated in a switching circuit having a semiconductor component , and of a microprocessor , in particular having an integrated non - volatile memory , for generating a pulse - width modulated signal , whereby the pulse - width modulated signal is coupled to a control electrode of the semiconductor component , whereby the microprocessor generates at least two pulse - width modulated signals , the pulse - width modulated signals are coupled to the semiconductor component via a logical system and the logical system can be subjected to the action of an additional control signal via the microcomputer . | 7 |
a system and method for sensing position of an oscillating moving element . the inventive position sensor includes a first arrangement for sampling the position of the element at first positions thereof and providing samples in response thereto and a second arrangement for calculating other positions of the element using the sample of the first position . in the illustrative application , the first arrangement includes an led and a photodiode and the moving element is a piston of a long - life cryogenic cooler . a processor receives samples from the photodiode and solves an equation of motion therefor . the equation of motion is p = a · sin + b , where p = the position of the element ; a = position waveform amplitude ; b = position waveform dc offset ; ω = angular frequency of operation ; t = time ; and θ = position waveform phase . | 6 |
a collapsible container molded from plastic materials , comprising four side walls , a bottom , and a lid . side walls are hinged to the bottom to fold inwardly . the hinges are designed to facilitate mold - removing after injection molding . groove ribs and strip ribs are provided to hold the structure rigid . eave device is provided on the hinges to make the container weather - proof . | 1 |
accordingly , this invention provides a fastener system which is weldable to a substructure that overcomes the problems and disadvantages of the fasteners of the prior art . generally , a weldable fastener is disclosed that has a coating applied to at least one surface of the fastener . the coating functions to prevent the deposit of a further coating , particularly an electrodeposition coating , upon further processing . | 8 |
a breakwater includes two horizontal tubes as buoyant members connected to one another , their cross - sections representing vertices of a triangle , whose legs are interconnecting struts . a perforated , submerged , ballast tube forms the third vertex . wave motion is perpendicular to the length of the float tubes tethered to an anchor at the sea floor . a lead float tube rises in response to an approaching wave , often cutting off the wave crest , while a trailing float tube rises less and later as the wave passes . asynchronous rising and falling of the leading and trailing , floating , top tubes rocks the breakwater , redirecting and dissipating wave momentum , energy , and water volume by rotating the assembly , thrashing the water . | 8 |
a multi - mode liquid crystal display capable of functioning in a multi - mode , a monochrome reflective mode and a color transmissive mode . one embodiment provides an lcd with color filters only over most or all of the transmissive part of a pixel but only part of the reflective portion of a pixel , enabling readability in the ambient light . embodiments eliminate the black matrix mask used typically in color filter creation . additionally , an embodiment provides diagonal pixels to improve the resolution of the lcd in the color transmissive mode . further , an embodiment enables the light to switch between two colors , while a third color is always on , thereby decreasing the required frame rate of the lcd , when used in the hybrid field sequential approach . yet another embodiment creates colors from the backlight , eliminating the need for color filters . another embodiment involves use of color filters over only the green pixels , eliminating the need for using additional masks for making the color filter array . | 6 |
In 1687 Newton published his universal law of gravitation, which states that the gravitational force is always attractive. This law is based on our terrestrial experience with slowly moving bodies (v << c). In 1915 Einstein completed his theory of general relativity (also referred to as Einstein’s Theory of Gravitation), which is valid not just for slowly moving bodies but also for those with relativistic velocities. In 1916 Johannes Droste submitted a PhD thesis on general relativity to his advisor, H.A. Lorentz. In it he calculated the motion of a particle in what he called a “single center” and today we call the Schwarzschild field and found that highly relativistic particles experience gravitational repulsion. Thus, his thesis written in Dutch and never before translated contains the discovery of gravitational repulsion. Because of its historical importance we translate the entire section of his thesis containing the discovery of gravitational repulsion. We also translate his thesis in the hope of clearing up a major historical misconception. Namely, that David Hilbert in 1917 discovered gravitational repulsion. In fact, Hilbert rediscovered it, apparently completely independent of Droste’s work. Finally we note that one of the biggest mysteries of astrophysics is the question of how highly energetic particles in relativistic jets and cosmic rays are accelerated. It has been suggested that gravitational repulsion is the mechanism responsible for these phenomena. An historical understanding of gravitational repulsion is therefore pertinent. | 9 |
a combination container and applicator where the container has an outside surface and an interior and an extension tube which is magnetically attracted to the container outside surface such that when placed on the container the extension tube becomes releasably magnetically affixed to the outside surface . | 1 |
an organic light emitting display device for improving the yield and for reducing or minimizing manufacturing costs . the organic light emitting display device includes : a data driver coupled to data lines that are formed on the panel ; a scan driver mounted on the panel and coupled to scan lines that are formed on the panel ; input lines for receiving clock signals from the outside ; first connecting lines overlapped with a cathode electrode and electrically coupled to the input lines and for supplying the clock signals to the scan driver ; second connecting lines electrically coupled to the input lines ; and third connecting lines for electrically coupling the first connecting lines to the second connecting lines . | 6 |
a method of processing a digital image comprising : capturing the image utilising an adjustable focusing technique ; utilising the focusing settings as an indicator of the position of structures within the image ; and processing the image , utilising the said focus settings to produce effects specific to said focus settings . | 6 |
the invention is a cleaning apparatus for cleaning elongated and cylindrical filters , commonly referred to as pleated bag filters or pleated bag replacements for fabric sock filter bags , that are open on one end and closed on the other end . the filter is being rotated within a hermetically sealed cleaning chamber . air jets are reciprocated along the length of the filter in close proximity to a circumference of the cylindrical filter . the cleaning chamber is provided with a negative air pressure while the interior of the rotating filter is supplied with a positive air pressure . the air jets tend to loosen and remove the dirt from within the pleats of the filter which dirt is carried away by the negative pressure within the cleaning chamber . | 1 |
a basement enclosure is provided with an outer shell which is constructed of a material impermeable to moisture and gas . the basement enclosure may be free standing or hung from beams which are supported by columns set on a conventional footer . | 4 |
a semiconductor memory device having a unit memory cell consisting of , a ferroelectric capacitor having a first and second electrodes , and an access transistor connected to the first electrode of the capacitor and to the bit line , is disclosed . an imprint compensation circuit for applying a predetermined voltage to the first electrode through the write path of the memory device , or for applying a signal in the form of pulse to the second electrode , where data access of the memory device is prohibited , in order to imprint the ferroelectric capacitor in first and second directions from the reference point , creating a normal polarization characteristic . | 6 |
systems and methods to manage memory in a surveillance system are disclosed . the present invention discloses a rule - based storage clearance system or storage archive . a storage server has a user interface , a logic unit , and a storage device . a plurality of video footage files is continuously being streamed to the storage server and recorded on the storage device . the objective is to help erase or archive stored video footage based on static and dynamic surveillance parameters or rules . the rules can be applied either stream - wise or time - wise . the rule checks for clearing or archiving the storage by tallying various parameters such as : events associated with each stream , user bookmarks , the priority of individual streams , and the age of each stream , etc . | 6 |
a data input support system is provided to preliminarily remove particular error causes when genotype data are input for a program to execute linkage disequilibrium analysis or the like . by taking advantage of limiting conditions characteristic of genotype input data and the statistical properties of the entire data set , possible errors are detected by a preprocessing program , the detected errors are associated with false descriptions causing them to report the results , user input responding to the reported results is accepted , and a modified version of the input data is output . | 6 |
cosmetic methods and compositions containing selected iminodibenzyl or fluorene derivatives . when used for skin or hair care , the inventive compositions provide control of sebum secretion from sebocytes , improved oil control and improved feel , and prevent shine and stickiness . | 0 |
in a method and apparatus for detecting and displaying arbitrary interior surfaces of a three - dimensional body from a regular array of values of at least one physical property in the interior of the body , the physical property measurements are made with systems such as computerized tomographic x - ray imaging , or magnetic resonance imaging . a recursive algorithm starts with a seed voxel in the surface of interest and continues to all adjacent voxels having a common face which is penetrated by the surface of interest . the common surface penetrations are derived from a look - up table which lists the adjacent voxels having a common penetrated face for each voxel index . the voxel index , in turn , is the string of binary digits representing the voxel vertices whose vertex values exceed the surface value of the surface of interest . the resulting list of voxels can be processed by conventional processors to display the surface of interest with greatly reduced interference from nearby , closely intermingled surfaces with the same or similar surface values . | 6 |
method and system for allocating predictable costs for consumable items of a laser system includes determining an average or predicted lifetime of one or more components of a laser system . then , costs are estimated for the repair and / or replacement of the components in advance of their predicted failure . the costs are then scheduled to be paid at a known time or known times . the average or predicted lifetime may be determined in terms of time , pulse count , accumulated energy input to the discharge , number of workpieces processed or another countable parameter . also , the component or components predicted to fail may be ordered in advance for rapid delivery at the time of failure . the components may include a laser tube , tube windows , a line - narrowing optical component , a line - narrowing module , a monitor optics module and a halogen filter , the pulser module for a gas discharge laser and / or containers of laser gas . | 6 |
a hydroelectric power installation including a pre - existing gated spillway with upstream bulkhead slots and bulkhead service crane and hydroelectric generating modules configured to fit the existing upstream bulkhead slots . each module including a plurality of turbines , generators , and associated switchgear . the installation may include a trash rake operated on the pre - existing bulkhead service craneway . the hydroelectric installation is configured to meet all of the original navigation project design criteria including generating modules that can be raised above flood water as high as the associated radial gates and that are able to be safely lowered in front of a failed radial gate to serve as the emergency bulkhead the slots for which the modules exclusively occupy . | 5 |
a headrig slabbing head for machining a face on a log comprising a movable base platform mounted on rails to allow for varying the position of the base platform which supports a guide system having a carriage member adapted for movement along the guide system . a chipping head driven by a motor is mounted to the carriage member for cutting a face on a log . the position of the carriage member on the guide system can be varied to allow the chipping head to be adjusted to machine a face on logs of different diameters . | 1 |
a method and apparatus is disclosed that guides a user through a sequence of steps that will allow the user to complete a predefined task using the flow meter . the steps include : selecting a predefined task , displaying a sequence of steps that directs the user through a process for using the coriolis flow meter to complete the predefined task , and operating the coriolis flow meter in response to the sequence of steps to complete the predefined task . | 6 |
a medical imaging system is provided . the medical imaging system includes an imaging device with a radiation source and a detector , a control unit ; and a processing unit . the processing unit is operable to compare a stored reference image taken using a high radiation dose with a current image taken using a lower radiation dose . the control unit is operable to trigger the imaging device to take a further image using a high radiation dose based on the comparison . | 0 |
The sizable linear polarization signals produced by the scattering of anisotropic radiation in the core of the Ca I 4227 Å line constitute an important observable for probing the inhomogeneous and dynamic plasma of the lower solar chromosphere. Here we show the results of a three-dimensional (3D) radiative transfer complete frequency redistribution investigation of the line's scattering polarization in a magnetohydrodynamical 3D model of the solar atmosphere. We take into account not only the Hanle effect produced by the model's magnetic field but also the symmetry breaking caused by the horizontal inhomogeneities and macroscopic velocity gradients. The spatial gradients of the horizontal components of the macroscopic velocities produce very significant forward scattering polarization signals without the need of magnetic fields, while the Hanle effect tends to depolarize them at the locations where the model's magnetic field is stronger than about 5 G. The standard 1.5D approximation is found to be unsuitable for understanding the line's scattering polarization, but we introduce a novel improvement to this approximation that produces results in qualitative agreement with the full 3D results. The instrumental degradation of the calculated polarization signals is also investigated, showing what we can expect to observe with the Visible Spectro-Polarimeter at the upcoming Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope. | 9 |
a cartridge according to one aspect of the invention is detachably attachable to a main body including a first terminal . the cartridge comprises : a case ; a memory device configured to store information concerning the cartridge ; a cover member configured to cover a part of the case and movably supported on the case to allow a relative movement to the case ; and a second terminal provided at the cover member and electrically connected to the memory device . in a state where the cartridge is attached to the main body , the second terminal contacts with the first terminal of the main body . | 6 |
a ball and socket joint for a swing for providing simultaneous swiveling and pivoting motion in any direction . the ball is preferably molded with an inner core and an outer shell of different colored materials . as material from the outer shell is worn away in normal wear , exposure of the inner core indicates visually the extent of wear which has taken place . a retainer member placed in load bearing relationship between a support bolt for the swing and the ball is intentionally made larger than the opening at the base of the socket to prevent the swing from dropping in case of breakage of the ball . | 5 |
trays are indexed at predetermined pitch on a tray conveyor . as the trays are conveyed , a turning guide engages a leading tray portion , turning the tray and urging it transversely downward and / or into buckets on an adjacent bucket conveyor or cartons on an adjacent carton conveyor . a cam is disposed rearward of each tray on the tray conveyors and the turning trays pivot about that cam . a hold - down prevents trays climbing over the turning guide . pressure relief and tray indexing are provided upstream of the tray conveyor . apparatus and methods are disclosed . | 1 |
a system and method for preventing coagulation of photo resist chemical in a photo resist coater . the system includes a valve assembly in fluid communication with at least two fluid flow lines and a dispensing nozzle . one flow line provides photo resist and one flow line provides solvent . in a related method , a valve assembly is controllable to send solvent through the nozzle to reduce coagulation of photo resist in or about the nozzle . | 6 |
the present invention provides a multilayer mounting mat for mounting a pollution control element . the mounting mat comprises a layer of intumescent material between two non - intumescent layers defining opposite major sides of the mounting mat . the mounting mat in accordance with the present invention is suitable for mounting a pollution control element in a pollution control device and is in particular suitable for mounting fragile monolith such as thin - wall and ultra thin - wall monoliths . also , the mounting mats conveniently exhibit a good or excellent holding pressure over a wide temperature range and can be formulated in an inexpensive way . the invention also provides a pollution control device comprising a pollution control element arranged in a casing with the mounting mat disposed between the casing and pollution control element . | 5 |
disclosed is a method and apparatus for making up fracturing fluid with coated proppant . the method applies opposed electrical charges to the proppant and its coating to create a uniform coating without extensive mechanical mixing , and additionally , the method applies opposed electrical charges to the coated proppant and fracturing fluid to enhance mixing . | 1 |
an amplifier circuit includes a first multiple gate field - effect transistor having a source terminal , a drain terminal , at least one signal gate terminal for receiving an input signal and at least one control gate terminal for receiving a control signal , and a second multiple gate field - effect transistor having a source terminal , a drain terminal , at least one signal gate terminal connected to the signal gate terminal of the first multiple gate field - effect transistor , and a control gate terminal connected to the control gate terminal of the first multiple gate field - effect transistor , the signal gate terminal of the second multiple gate field - effect transistor being connected to that source terminal / drain terminal of the second multiple gate field - effect transistor which is closer to the signal gate terminal of the second multiple gate field - effect transistor . | 7 |
a pressurized metered dose inhaler comprising a canister , said canister containing a liquid formulation comprising a pressurized liquid propellant and spherical hollow medicament particles of respirable size suspended therein . in preferred embodiments , the density of the particles is equivalent to that of the liquid propellant , such that uniform suspension formulation is formed . | 0 |
a session relay apparatus for preventing the packet relay delay by detecting the start and end of the policy settable peer - to - peer communication is disclosed . the session relay apparatus for relay a session control message transmitted and received between communication terminals to control the peer - to - peer communication detects the start and end of the communication from the session control message , and acquires the information for identifying a session and the information on the peer - to - peer communication carried out on the session . upon generation of a policy indicating the packet relay control process by a policy generating unit , edge nodes for passing the packet are searched for and the policy is distributed to the edge nodes . the policy is set in the edge nodes accommodating the communication terminals at the start of communication , and the policy setting is canceled at the end of communication . | 7 |
a microphone comprises a housing ; an acoustic - to - electrical signal transducer disposed within the housing , the transducer being operable to generate an analogue audio signal ; and a one - bit analogue - to - digital converter disposed within the housing for converting the analogue audio signal into a one - bit digital audio signal for transmission to other , external , audio processing apparatus . | 7 |
systems , methods , and computer program products for generating a vector - based representation of a lens flare are provided . in some implementations , a method is provided . the method includes presenting a plurality of visually rendered wire frame shapes , each one of the plurality of visually rendered wire frame shapes having a geometric correspondence with a lens flare component , each lens flare component being one of : a center point , a flare ring , a flare ray , or a halo , receiving a first input to manipulate a first visually rendered wire frame shape in the plurality of visually rendered wire frame shapes to interactively change the position or form of a first corresponding lens flare component , and presenting a visual rendering of the first corresponding lens flare component where the visual rendering reflects the change in the position or the form of the first corresponding lens flare component . | 6 |
one of the major structural components in a space frame tower is the tower leg . a novel and nonobvious tower leg structure is provided which provides significant advantages and benefits over previously available structures . | 5 |
We argue that the lensing power spectrum of astrometric shift (lensing shift power spectrum) is a powerful tool for probing the clustering property of dark matter on subgalactic scales. First we give the formalism to probe the nature of dark matter by using the lensing shift power spectrum. Then, leveraging recent measurements of the lensing shift power spectrum on an angular scale of approximately 1 arcsec toward the gravitationally lensed quasar MG J 0414 +0534 at the redshift of z<SUB>S</SUB>=2.639 , we place constraints on the mass of warm dark matter (WDM) particles m<SUB>WDM</SUB> and their fraction in a mixed dark matter (MDM) model r<SUB>WDM</SUB>, in which WDM and cold dark matter coexist. Although the constraint derived from the above single lensing system is not as strong as the existing constraints, as we show in this paper, the lensing shift power spectrum has a great potential to obtain much tighter constraints on WDM and MDM models through future observations, highlighting the importance of well-controlled systematic error considerations for achieving enhanced precision. | 9 |
a vehicle connectable to an auxiliary power unit capable of energizing a pair of fail - safe brakes that arrest rotation of a pair of electric transaxles mounted to the vehicle . each brake has an external connector and requires electrical power to assume a non - braked state that permits free rotation of an electric motor engaged to the brake and incorporated in each of the electric transaxles . the auxiliary power unit having first and second circuits and first and second connectors compatible with the external connectors of one of the brakes . | 8 |
a new sputter source is disclosed that allows for high rates of deposition at pressures one or two orders of magnitude lower than has previously been obtained . this results in denser films with reduced ion and electron damage to the substrate . | 2 |
a subject of the invention is the compounds of formula : in which either r 1 represents h , oh , nh 2 , — m — nr a r b , r a and r b represent h , linear , branched or cyclic alkyl , cycloalkyl -— alkyl , r c , s 2 r c , cr c , s 2 r d or cr d ; or r a and r b with n form an r c radical ; r c represents a saturated , unsaturated or 5 - or 6 - members aromatic ring , containing 1 to 4 heteroatoms chosen from n , o and s , optionally substituted ; r d represents a linear , branched or cyclic alkyl , optionally substituted by 1 to 4 halogens ; or r 1 represents r c or chr e r c or chr e r d ; r e represents h , oh , nh 2 , nh —- alk or n -- alk 2 , or nh —- acyl or nhr c ; r 2 represents h , m — nr a r b , r c , chr e r c or chr e r d , and r ′ 2 represents h ; it being understood that r 1 and r 2 cannot at the same time be h or that r 1 and r 2 or r 2 and r 1 cannot be one m — nr a r b or r c or h and the other one oh , or one h and the other one nh 2 , or one h and the other one m — nr a r b in which r a and r b represent h or alkyl or cr d , in which r d represents an unsubstituted alkyl or cycloalkyl ; or r 1 has the above definition except h and r 2 and r ′ 2 together represent gem dialkyl or alkyl - oxime , or r 2 and r ′ 2 represent respectively r c or r d and oh , nh 2 , nhr c or nhr f , r f being a acyl radical ; or r 1 represents h and r 2 and r ′ 2 together represent alkyl - oxime or one represents r c and the other one represents oh , nh 2 , nhr c or nhr f ; n is 0 or 1 ; r 3 and r ′ 3 represent h or alkyl optionally substituted by 1 to 3 halogens or r 3 represents alkoxy carbonyl and r ′ 3 represents h ; r4 represents methyl optionally substituted by halogen ; r 5 represents h , alkyl or arylalkyl ; r 6 represents h , fluorine , no 2 , cf 3 or cn ; in the form of enantiomers or mixtures , as well as their salts with acids and bases ; their preparation and their application as anti - bacterials , in both human and veterinary medicine . | 2 |
a silver halide color photographic light - sensitive material is disclosed . the light - sensitive material comprises a support , having thereon a red sensitive silver halide emulsion layer , a green - sensitive silver halide emulsion layer and a blue - sensitive silver halide emulsion layer , wherein the red - sensitive comprises a low - speed red - sensitive silver halide emulsion sublayer , a medium - seed red - sensitive silver halide emulsion sublayer and a high - speed red - sensitive silver halide emulsion layer provided in this order from the support , and sensitivities s 600 , s 620 , s 640 , s 660 and s 680 of the medium speed red - sensitive emulsion sublayer which are each determined as reciprocal of the exposure amount of light of wavelength of 600 nm , 620 nm , 640 nm , 660 nm and 680 nm necessary for forming an image having a density of fog + 0 . 1 in the medium speed red - sensitive emulsion sublayer , respectively , satisfy the following relation ; 0 . 5s . sub . 640 & lt ; s . sub . 600 & lt ; 0 . 9s . sub . 640 , 0 . 7s . sub . 640 & lt ; s . sub . 620 & lt ; 1 . 2s . sub . 640 , 0 . 4s . sub . 640 & lt ; s . sub . 660 & lt ; 0 . 9s . sub . 640 and s . sub . 680 ≦ 0 . 4s . sub . 640 , and sensitivities , s r and s g , of the red - sensitive emulsion layer and the green - sensitive emulsion layer to a specific red light has the following relation ; s . sub . g & lt ; 0 . 35s . sub . r . | 6 |
Distances and extinction values are usually degenerate. To refine the distance to the general Galactic Center region, a carefully determined extinction law (taking into account the prevailing systematic errors) is urgently needed. We collected data for 55 classical Cepheids projected toward the Galactic Center region to derive the near- to mid-infrared extinction law using three different approaches. The relative extinction values obtained are {A}<SUB>J</SUB>/{A}<SUB>{K</SUB><SUB>{{s</SUB>}}}=3.005,{A}<SUB>H</SUB>/{A}<SUB>{K</SUB><SUB>{{s</SUB>}}}=1.717, {A}<SUB>[3.6]</SUB>/{A}<SUB>{K</SUB><SUB>{{s</SUB>}}}=0.478,{A}<SUB>[4.5]</SUB>/{A}<SUB>{K</SUB><SUB>{{s</SUB>}}}=0.341, {A}<SUB>[5.8]</SUB>/{A}<SUB>{K</SUB><SUB>{{s</SUB>}}}=0.234,{A}<SUB>[8.0]</SUB>/{A}<SUB>{K</SUB><SUB>{{s</SUB>}}} =0.321,{A}<SUB>W1</SUB>/{A}<SUB>{K</SUB><SUB>{{s</SUB>}}}=0.506, and {A}<SUB>W2</SUB>/{A}<SUB>{K</SUB><SUB>{{s</SUB>}}}=0.340. We also calculated the corresponding systematic errors. Compared with previous work, we report an extremely low and steep mid-infrared extinction law. Using a seven-passband “optimal distance” method, we improve the mean distance precision to our sample of 55 Cepheids to 4%. Based on four confirmed Galactic Center Cepheids, a solar Galactocentric distance of R <SUB>0</SUB> = 8.10 ± 0.19 ± 0.22 kpc is determined, featuring an uncertainty that is close to the limiting distance accuracy (2.8%) for Galactic Center Cepheids. | 9 |
red phosphorescene compounds and organic electro - luminescence device using the same are disclosed . in an organic electroluminescence device including an anode , a hole injecting layer , a hole transport layer , a light emitting layer , an electron transport layer , an electron injecting layer , and a cathode serially deposited on one another , the organic electroluminescence device may use a compound as a dopant of the light emitting layer . | 8 |
a method of detecting red eye in a color digital image produced by a digital camera includes using the digital camera to capture two original color digital images of the same scene with the first color digital image being with flash and the second color digital image without flash and producing for each such digital images a plurality of pixels in the same primary - color space having red , green , and blue pixels ; and converting the primary - color space for the first and second digital images into the same chrominance channel , wherein the chrominance channel identifies a particular pair of colors and their relative intensity . the method further includes calculating the difference between the chrominance channel of the image captured without flash and the chrominance channel of the image captured with flash ; and responding to such differences to locate the position of red eyes within the first color digital image . | 6 |
a screen printing method includes the steps of moving a doctor plate across a printing screen to apply a paste thereon and then moving a squeegee across the screen to deposit a paste on an object below the screen while maintaining a predetermined pressure of the screen against the object to produce a substantially even deposition of the paste . the method also can include varying the squeegee pressure as the screen tension varies to maintain the predetermined printing pressure and using a screen aligning mark on an imaging plane to correct the positional relationship between the screen and the object . | 1 |
a stable extreme pressure grease comprising a base oil , a soap and an ep agent , in the preparation of which excess soap is provided for reaction with the ep agent whereby the thickening effect of the remaining soap in the grease is retained . | 2 |
in a method and an apparatus for locating an examination size for diaphanoscopic examination of a living subject , a region of the living subject wherein the optimum examination location is suspected is sequentially transilluminated with radiation , preferably in a wavelength range of the optical tissue window , for registration of scattered light distributions in the form of location - related spread functions , particularly point spread functions , and at least one function - specific , location - related feature of each spread function is determined , based on which a position value defining the examination location is determined . | 0 |
Understanding the interplay of stellar feedback and turbulence in the interstellar medium (ISM) is essential to modeling the evolution of galaxies. To determine the timescales over which stellar feedback drives turbulence in the ISM, we performed a spatially resolved, multiwavelength study of the nearby star-forming dwarf galaxy UGC 4305. As indicators of turbulence on local scales (400 pc), we utilized ionized gas velocity dispersion derived from IFU Hα observations and atomic gas velocity dispersion and energy surface densities derived from H I synthesis observations with the Very Large Array. These indicators of turbulence were tested against star formation histories over the past 560 Myr derived from color-magnitude diagrams using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. The strongest correlation identified at the 400 pc scale is between measures of H I turbulence and star formation 70-140 Myr ago. We repeated our analysis of UGC 4305's current turbulence and past star formation activity on multiple physical scales (~560 and 800 pc) to determine whether there are indications of changes in the correlation timescale with changes to the physical scale. No notable correlations were found at larger physical scales, emphasizing the importance of analyzing star formation-driven turbulence as a local phenomenon. | 9 |
disclosed is a cyclic mechanism for engaging or disengaging a switch with the stage of the cycle being determined by a height to which a first object is lifted relative to a second object . the mechanism has few moving parts , is inexpensive to manufacture , is reliable , can be incorporated into a wide range of devices or structures , and operates as an incident to raising or lowering a first object relative to a second . | 8 |
an extracorporeal radiation - therapy apparatus for use in treating the blood of a donor for diseased cells or organisms . the apparatus separates the blood by a density gradient device and treats the different blood fractions with drugs and / or high energy radiation . | 0 |
a micro - evaporator is disclosed which is easy to manipulate and can be operated problem - free over a large temperature range . the micro - evaporator has micro - evaporator channels in a trapezoidal region , comprising an inlet region opening in the liquid feed chamber with a small diameter , and an outlet region opening into the vapor collecting chamber with a large diameter . | 5 |
Since January 2012, we have been monitoring the behavior of sulfur dioxide and water on Venus using the Texas Echelon Cross-Echelle Spectrograph (TEXES) imaging spectrometer at the NASA InfraRed Telescope Facility (IRTF, Mauna Kea Observatory). We present here new data recorded in 2021 and 2022, after an 18-month interruption due to the Covid pandemic. Most of the observations were recorded in two spectral ranges: the 7.4 µm (1345 cm<SUP>−1</SUP>) range, where SO<SUB>2</SUB>, CO<SUB>2</SUB>, and HDO (used as a proxy for H<SUB>2</SUB>O) transitions are observed at the cloud top, at an altitude of about 62 km, and the 19 µm (530 cm<SUP>−1</SUP>) range, where SO<SUB>2</SUB> and CO<SUB>2</SUB> are probed within the clouds at an altitude of about 57 km. We recently added the 8.6 µm (1162 cm<SUP>−1</SUP>) range, which probes a few kilometers above the cloud top (z = 67 km). As in our previous studies, the volume mixing ratio of SO<SUB>2</SUB> is estimated using the SO<SUB>2</SUB>/CO<SUB>2</SUB> line depth ratio of weak transitions; the H<SUB>2</SUB>O volume mixing ratio is derived from the HDO/CO<SUB>2</SUB> line depth ratio, assuming a D/H ratio of 200 times the Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water (VSMOW). As reported in our previous analyses, the SO<SUB>2</SUB> mixing ratio shows strong variations with time and also over the disk, showing evidence of the formation of SO<SUB>2</SUB> plumes. These local maxima appear sporadically on the SO<SUB>2</SUB> maps and stay visible over a few hours. In contrast, the H<SUB>2</SUB>O abundance is remarkably uniform over the disk and shows moderate variations as a function of time. The present dataset shows significant differences with respect to the 2012-2019 dataset: (1) the SO<SUB>2</SUB> mixing ratio at the cloud top has decreased by a factor of about 3 with respect to the maximum value observed in July 2018; (2) the long-term anti-correlation between SO<SUB>2</SUB> and H<SUB>2</SUB>O previously observed between 2014 and 2019 is no longer visible; (3) a very high SO<SUB>2</SUB> plume activity was observed in Nov. 2021, in spite of the low SO<SUB>2</SUB> mixing ratio at the cloud top. In contrast, the distribution of the SO<SUB>2</SUB> plume appearance over the disk is confirmed, with a maximum along the equator and around the morning terminator. Information on the SO<SUB>2</SUB> vertical gradient is retrieved from the simultaneous analysis of SO<SUB>2</SUB> at 7.4 µm and 19 µm. The gradient is constant in most cases with a few exceptions, especially in November 2021 when the plume activity was high. Finally, the temperature distributions retrieved from the continuum maps in September and November 2021 show an unusual pattern possibly associated with gravity waves, as previously observed by the longwave infrared camera camera aboard the Akatsuki spacecraft. | 9 |
packet - based communication methods and systems are provided which improve data throughput and which respond to different error - rate conditions with modifications appropriate for those conditions . in method embodiments , data frames are initially formed to each have n data packets and a frame error code . data frames are then transmitted and checked . in response to the check , data packets of error - free data frames are routed through the system and data frames that are in error are retransmitted . the checking , processing and retransmitting steps are repeated until all data packets are routed through the communication system . in another method embodiment , data packets of each data frame found to be in error in the checking step are inserted into a data frame of the forming step . in a feedback feature , a system error rate is determined and , in response , n is periodically updated to a value that realizes the best throughput under the current noise condition of the transmission link . | 7 |
a method of making an optical waveguide preform includes forming a preform including a first portion and a second radial portion , wherein the second portion includes a dopant , and wherein the first portion exhibits a density greater than the second portion . the method further includes stripping at least a portion of the dopant from the second portion . in a preferred embodiment , the stripped dopant has migrated in a previous processing step . | 2 |
We applied a Density-Based Clustering algorithm on samples of galaxies and galaxy systems belonging to 53 rich superclusters from the \textit{Main SuperCluster Catalogue} (MSCC) to identify the presence of ``central regions'', or \emph{cores}, in these large-scale structures. \emph{Cores} are defined here as large gravitationally bound galaxy structures, comprised of two or more clusters and groups, with sufficient matter density to survive cosmic expansion and virialize in the future. We identified a total of 105 galaxy structures classified as \emph{cores}, which exhibit a high density contrast of mass and galaxies. The Density-based \textit{Core} Catalogue (DCC), presented here, includes \emph{cores} that were previously reported in well-known superclusters of the Local Universe, and also several newly identified ones. We found that 83\% of the rich superclusters in our sample have at least one \emph{core}. While more than three \emph{cores} with different dynamical state are possible, the presence of a single \emph{core} in the superclusters is more common. Our work confirms the existence of nucleation regions in the internal structure of most rich superclusters and points to the fact that these \emph{cores} are the densest and most massive features that can be identified in the cosmic web with high probability for future virialization. | 9 |
Code used to produce the analyses and figures of the paper: "Improving climate model skill over High Mountain Asia by adapting snow cover parameterization to complex topography areas" | 9 |
a minimally invasive endovascular device for treating a blocked or obstructed biological lumen , such as a blood vessel fully or partially obstructed by deposits of biological matters in or non - biological matters . certain embodiments of the present invention comprise two capture members that are configured to be placed on either side of the obstruction and enclose around the obstruction for removal . embodiments of the present invention also provide methods for implementing an endovascular device according to aspects of the present invention . | 0 |
We present the first results of sunspot oscillations from observations by the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph. The strongly nonlinear oscillation is identified in both the slit-jaw images and the spectra of several emission lines formed in the transition region and chromosphere. We first apply a single Gaussian fit to the profiles of the Mg II 2796.35 Å, C II 1335.71 Å, and Si IV 1393.76 Å lines in the sunspot. The intensity change is ~30%. The Doppler shift oscillation reveals a sawtooth pattern with an amplitude of ~10 km s<SUP>-1</SUP> in Si IV. The Si IV oscillation lags those of C II and Mg II by ~3 and ~12 s, respectively. The line width suddenly increases as the Doppler shift changes from redshift to blueshift. However, we demonstrate that this increase is caused by the superposition of two emission components. We then perform detailed analysis of the line profiles at a few selected locations on the slit. The temporal evolution of the line core is dominated by the following behavior: a rapid excursion to the blue side, accompanied by an intensity increase, followed by a linear decrease of the velocity to the red side. The maximum intensity slightly lags the maximum blueshift in Si IV, whereas the intensity enhancement slightly precedes the maximum blueshift in Mg II. We find a positive correlation between the maximum velocity and deceleration, a result that is consistent with numerical simulations of upward propagating magnetoacoustic shock waves. | 9 |
mixtures of aromatic and olefinic hydrocarbons are contacted in the presence of a catalyst under appropriate pressure , temperature and space velocity to effect alkylation of the aromatic hydrocarbon . the catalyst is alumina containing boria and an oxide of a metal from group iva or group viib . | 2 |
a doorway lintel lift apparatus and method are provided . the door lintel lift apparatus may include two support columns , a lintel that is configured to be attached to the support columns , and that includes a vertical flange and a horizontal flange . the apparatus may include two lift bolts coupled to two end portions of the horizontal flange . the two lift bolts may be configured to respectively raise the two end portions of the horizontal flange . the apparatus may include two rotatable lift nuts that , when rotated , raise the lift bolts to engage and raise the two ends of the horizontal flange . | 5 |
one of the challenges in video surveillance system is the detection of unwanted intruders in secure zones . these zones may be in large facilities such as airports , train stations , port facilities or warehouses . because many of these locations are outdoors , the presence of shadows is detected on images . in order to effectively eliminate these shadows which will therefore result in a usable figure , these shadows must be eliminated . this is accomplished by forming a contour box around the image and then reducing the shadows based on preset parameters in the software . | 6 |
a slip - type gripping assembly comprises an outer body defining a longitudinal through opening for receipt of the object . a number of slip bodies are circumferentially spaced about the through opening and are radially movable toward and away from the locus of the object . each slip body is pivotable about a generally longitudinal axis generally circumferentially centered with respect to the slip body as well as about a tangential axis . a respective force transfer formation is cooperative between each slip body and the outer body for transferring radial force therebetween while permitting the pivoting . | 4 |
in a dba method for an e - pon including an olt and onus , dbacns corresponding to processes in a tree algorithm are arranged in multi - level stages with the onus being in the lowermost stage . dbacns or onus in a specific stage are connected to a dbacn from its immediately higher stage in a tree structure . a process of allowing a dbacn to collect bandwidth request information from dbacns or onus in its immediately lower stage is performed sequentially from the lowermost dbacns to the uppermost dbacn . the uppermost dbacn allocates the smaller one of a total available allocation - bandwidth and a total requested bandwidth to dbacns in its immediately lower stage in their priority order . dbacns , other than the uppermost dbacn , each allocate a bandwidth allocated down from a dbacn in the immediately higher stage to dbacns or onus in the immediately lower stage in their priority order . | 7 |
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