text
stringlengths 12
51.9k
| label
int64 0
9
|
|---|---|
a system includes a solid light - transmissive element comprising a first surface and a second surface , first reflective material disposed on the second surface of the light - transmissive element , and a solar cell to convert light received at the first surface to electrical current . the light received at the first surface may pass through the light - transmissive element , reflect off the first reflective material and intercept an area of an interface between the first surface and an adjacent environment at an angle of incidence greater than arc sin , where n x = an index of refraction of the adjacent environment and n y = an index of refraction of the light - transmissive element at the first surface . | 7 |
method and apparatus for performing spectroscopy , include the combining of first and second light beams to form a reference beam , focusing the first and second light beams and the reference beam onto a sample , receiving a reflected light beam from the sample at a monochromator , and viewing a predetermined wavelength band of the reflected light beam from the monochromator . portions of the first and second light beams , which may be visible and ir forms of electromagnetic energy , are heterodyned through a crystal . a monochromator receives a reflection of the reference beam from the sample , and fourier transformation is performed on the output of the monochromator . the first and second beams of electromagnetic energy can be split to form first and second component beams and the reference beam , all of which are propagated to the sample . | 6 |
a method and system for identifying a bit pattern in a data stream including a plurality of bits each having a first or second state , the method includes identifying a number of mismatching bits , within a subset of the plurality of bits , having the first state and corresponding to a bit having the second state within the pattern ; identifying a number of bits in the subset having the first state ; and , identifying a number of bits in the pattern having the second state . a number of matches of between the subset and the pattern is dependent on the identified number of mismatching bits , the identified number of bits in the subset having the first state and the identified number of bits in the pattern having the second state . | 6 |
trenches having different profiles are formed in a material , such as a semiconductor substrate , by forming a resist pattern having windows with at least two different widths . an etchant , such as fluorine , is implanted into portions of the semiconductor using an ion implantation technique . a tilt angle and an azimuth angle of the ion beam are chosen such that the fluorine ions cannot pass through narrower resist windows but can pass through wider resist windows to impinge on the underlying semiconductor substrate . the semiconductor substrate is then subjected to an anisotropic etching process . accordingly , the substrate regions exposed between the narrow - width resist windows are etched to produce trenches having highly vertical profiles . the substrate regions exposed by the wide - width resist windows , including the regions having implanted etchant ions , are preferentially etched to produce trenches having tapered profiles . | 7 |
the present invention relates to the quality monitoring of optical signals , which have different symbol rates and generated by different modulation schemes , used for example in a wavelength division multiplexing network . the apparatus according to the invention includes an optical splitter for outputting the input optical signal to a first optical route and a second optical route , an optical coupler for coupling a optical signal from the first optical route with a optical signal from the second optical route , a delay unit provided on the first optical route , and a phase shift unit provided on the first optical route or the second optical route . | 7 |
a system and method is described for providing a robust mechanical and electrical connection between two or more circuit boards which may be employed for diagnostic purposes and / or for permanent connections . a spacer block , connection block , or pedestal , preferably made of pcb type material is preferably disposed between two pcbs . the pedestal is preferably dimensioned to space the two pcbs far enough apart that the surface mount components on two boards connected employing the inventive pedestal do not interfere with one another . the pedestal preferably provides for ample signal density and signal quality because of the block thickness and availability of insulation within the pedestal . | 7 |
molten metal is introduced into the cavity by a combined gravity feed and centrifugal force feed using a rotating turntable under electrical or electronic control . the centrifugal force is controlled to be substantially constant until the metal has solidified . this is accomplished by controlling the ramp - up acceleration of the turntable where rotational velocity is a time - dependent function of rotational radius and molten metal mass and taking into account the flow rate and cooling rate of the liquid metal . the process reduces waste and the attendant energy consumption associated with the quantity of metal required to be melted for the initial pour and associated with reprocessing and reusing the waste component . | 1 |
a screw lid opener is disclosed which can be converted in an extremely simple manner from one lid radius to another with a screw lid opener having a lever - like handle with a clamping device thereon for holding a screw lid , the lid radius is set by three clamping cheeks for clamping on a screw lid . the clamping jaws are arranged at a distance from a center between the clamping jaws . in accordance with exemplary embodiments , at least one clamping jaw , whose distance from the center can be changed , is provided . this permits the conversion from one lid radius to another . advantageously all three clamping jaws are embodied to be movable in the same way . with the same spectrum at various radii of lids , this results in a shorter travel for the individual clamping jaw . | 1 |
a dock leveler and installation thereof having a bumper assembly to protect the deck and the lip of the leveler . in one embodiment the dock leveler comprises a pivotable deck and a lip attached to the deck at one end thereof . a bumper is operably connected to the deck and moveable with the deck . the bumper is selectively moveable to protrude beyond the end of the deck to protect the dock leveler from impact . in another embodiment a dock leveler installation comprises a loading dock having a front face . a dock leveler is mounted at the loading dock and has a pivotable deck and a lip attached to the deck at one end thereof . a bumper is operably connected to the front face beneath the dock leveler and projecting in front of the lip when the lip is in a pendent position . | 1 |
This version contains all the model developments for ED-2.2 and described in Longo et al. (2019) (https://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-4309-2019). | 9 |
We report the discovery of a Neptune-size planet ({R}<SUB>{{p</SUB>}}=3.0 {R}<SUB>\oplus </SUB>) in the Hyades Cluster. The host star is in a binary system, comprising a K5V star and M7/8V star with a projected separation of 40 au. The planet orbits the primary star with an orbital period of 17.3 days and a transit duration of 3 hrs. The host star is bright (V = 11.2, J = 9.1) and so may be a good target for precise radial velocity measurements. K2-136A c is the first Neptune-sized planet to be found orbiting in a binary system within an open cluster. The Hyades is the nearest star cluster to the Sun, has an age of 625-750 Myr, and forms one of the fundamental rungs in the distance ladder; understanding the planet population in such a well-studied cluster can help us understand and set constraints on the formation and evolution of planetary systems. | 9 |
dedifferentiation is a mechanism whereby specialized cells regain properties of their ancestors , including , in the extreme , stemness . we found that highly - purified cardiomyocytes isolated from adult mammalian hearts dedifferentiated rapidly when cultured in mitogen - rich medium . such myocytes reentered the cell cycle and proliferated , expressing stem cell surface markers such as c - kit and early cardiac transcription factors including gata and nkx2 . 5 . these myocyte - derived cells were capable of re - differentiating into myocytes and endothelial cells . contrary to prevailing dogma , cardiomyocyte dedifferentiation yields proliferative cells expressing stem cell markers and capable of multilineage differentiation . cardiomyocyte dedifferentiation is a potential source of endogenous stem cells in the adult heart . | 2 |
a single - chamber type cleaning - drying apparatus for flat objects , such as semiconductor wafers , wherein cleaning is carried out by impinging both sides of the wafer , which rotates at a relatively low speed , with jets of a washing liquid and wherein subsequent drying is carried out in the same chamber by increasing the rotation speed of the wafer and supplying isopropyl - alcohol mist onto the wafer from the top of the chamber . after the ipa forms a solution with the residue of water on the wafer , the drying process is accelerated by supplying gaseous nitrogen through nozzles arranged on both sides of the wafer he coaxially with the wafer center . as a result , the ipa - water solution quickly evaporates without leaving traces of water drops on the dried surface . | 7 |
a device is described for measuring electrical characteristics of biological tissues with plurality of electrodes and a processor controlling the stimulation and measurement in order to detect the presence of abnormal tissue masses in the breast and determine probability of tumors containing malignant cancer cells being present in a breast . the device has the capability of providing the location of the abnormality , at least to the quadrant . the method for measuring electrical characteristics includes placing electrodes and applying a voltage waveform in conjunction with a current detector . a mathematical analysis method is then applied to the collected data , which computes spectrum of frequencies and correlates magnitudes and phases with given algebraic conditions to determine mass presence and type . | 0 |
the invention relates to a cable suitable for supplying power to a drilling rig &# 39 ; s top - drive assembly . in a typical embodiment , the power cable includes a plurality of high - conductivity conductors , an electromagnetic shield , two protective sheaths , and a reinforcing layer of braided aramid fibers between the protective sheaths . | 7 |
While detecting low-mass exoplanets at tens of au is beyond current instrumentation, debris discs provide a unique opportunity to study the outer regions of planetary systems. Here, we report new ALMA observations of the 80-200 Myr old Solar analogue HD 107146 that reveal the radial structure of its exo-Kuiper belt at wavelengths of 1.1 and 0.86 mm. We find that the planetesimal disc is broad, extending from 40 to 140 au, and it is characterized by a circular gap extending from 60 to 100 au in which the continuum emission drops by about 50 per cent. We also report the non-detection of the CO J = 3-2 emission line, confirming that there is not enough gas to affect the dust distribution. To date, HD 107146 is the only gas-poor system showing multiple rings in the distribution of millimetre sized particles. These rings suggest a similar distribution of the planetesimals producing small dust grains that could be explained invoking the presence of one or more perturbing planets. Because the disc appears axisymmetric, such planets should be on circular orbits. By comparing N-body simulations with the observed visibilities we find that to explain the radial extent and depth of the gap, it would require the presence of multiple low-mass planets or a single planet that migrated through the disc. Interior to HD 107146's exo-Kuiper belt we find extended emission with a peak at ∼20 au and consistent with the inner warm belt that was previously predicted based on 22 μm excess as in many other systems. This warm belt is the first to be imaged, although unexpectedly suggesting that it is asymmetric. This could be due to a large belt eccentricity or due to clumpy structure produced by resonant trapping with an additional inner planet. | 9 |
We use a 1D model to address photochemistry and possible haze formation in the irradiated warm Jupiter, 51 Eridani b. The intended focus was to be carbon, but sulfur photochemistry turns out to be important. The case for organic photochemical hazes is intriguing but falls short of being compelling. If organic hazes form, they are likeliest to do so if vertical mixing in 51 Eri b is weaker than in Jupiter, and they would be found below the altitudes where methane and water are photolyzed. The more novel result is that photochemistry turns H<SUB>2</SUB>S into elemental sulfur, here treated as S<SUB>8</SUB>. In the cooler models, S<SUB>8</SUB> is predicted to condense in optically thick clouds of solid sulfur particles, while in the warmer models S<SUB>8</SUB> remains a vapor along with several other sulfur allotropes that are both visually striking and potentially observable. For 51 Eri b, the division between models with and without condensed sulfur is at an effective temperature of 700 K, which is within error its actual effective temperature; the local temperature where sulfur condenses is between 280 and 320 K. The sulfur photochemistry we have discussed is quite general and ought to be found in a wide variety of worlds over a broad temperature range, both colder and hotter than the 650-750 K range studied here, and we show that products of sulfur photochemistry will be nearly as abundant on planets where the UV irradiation is orders of magnitude weaker than it is on 51 Eri b. | 9 |
a phased - array antenna radiator for a super economical cellular communication system is provided . the phased - array antenna radiator comprises two dipole radiators . the first dipole radiator includes a first monopole radiating element supported by a first outer conductor , a second monopole radiating element supported by a second outer conductor , a first inner conductor , disposed within the first outer conductor and extending therethrough , having an upper termination , a first feed strap , attached to the upper termination of the first inner conductor , and a first stub , disposed within the second outer conductor and attached to the first feed strap . the second dipole radiator includes a third monopole radiating element supported by a third outer conductor , a fourth monopole radiating element supported by a fourth outer conductor , a second inner conductor , disposed within the third outer conductor and extending therethrough , having an upper termination , a second feed strap , attached to the upper termination of the second inner conductor , and a second stub , disposed within the fourth outer conductor and attached to the second feed strap . | 7 |
wearable devices for dispensing insect repellents , fragrances , and / or other chemicals along the outside of the clothing of a human are disclosed . they are of the type that are clipped onto a belt or the like , and use a powered fan to dispense active . they are configured with fan rotor arrangements to minimize power use while still achieving acceptable air flow rates . these changes permit use of smaller batteries and more compact arrangements for battery positioning . this in turn permits a much more compact and lightweight construction to achieve the desired results . the devices are also provided with a rotatable clip structure to render use of the device more comfortable when the user is seated and to provide greater control over the direction of the dispensing . further , they are provided with modified lids to facilitate active refill replacement . | 0 |
egg carton and method for transporting filled egg cartons that enables ready stacking of multiple cartons , one filled carton on top of another , for stable transport with or without the use of exterior containers for holding together the stack as are typically used in the industry , | 8 |
we describe a switch mode power supply current regulation system comprising : a current sense signal input sensing a primary current of the smps ; a voltage sense input to receive a voltage sense signal from a primary or auxiliary winding ; a switch drive signal input to receive a drive signal ; a timing signal generator coupled to said voltage sense input and to said drive signal input to generate a timing signal t 0 indicating a duration of a period for which current is flowing through said primary winding and a timing signal t 1 indicating a duration of a period for which current is flowing through said secondary winding ; and a regulator to provide an output current regulation signal responsive to an average of the current sense signal multiplied by a ratio of t 1 to t 0 , and wherein t 0 and / or t 1 are generated responsive to the voltage or current sense signal . | 7 |
an image signal processing system such as a television , a video tape recorder , a video disk player , a digital camera and the like , more particularly to an impulse noise reduction method and circuit which can reduce impulse noise component effectively in the image signal without damage of the original input image signal by using the noise characteristic in which has no vertical correlation and of which frequency component has 2 mhz or more in a horizontal direction at least . | 7 |
a system and method for receiving a signal , comprising an input adapted to receive a radio frequency signal having a strong interferer ; a signal generator , adapted to produce a representation of the interferer as an analog signal generated based on an oversampled digital representation thereof ; and a component adapted to cancel the strong interferer from radio frequency signal based on the generated analog signal to produce a modified radio frequency signal substantially absent the interferer . the system typically has a nonlinear component that either saturates or produces distortion from the strong interferer , which is thereby reduced . the system preferably employs high speed circuits which digitize and process radio frequency signals without analog mixers . | 7 |
a half - controlled silicon control rectifying system and method thereof are provided . in this case , the first detection unit detects the zero cross phase of the triphase ac in input port thereof . the second detection unit detects the voltage of the dc bus . then the control unit controls the silicon - controlled rectifying unit by software . therefore , the efficiency of soft actuation is achieved . | 7 |
a method and apparatus for analyzing current voice call quality in an ip network before allowing a new voice call to enter therein . circuitry in each gateway between a pstn and the ip network obtains information from the ip network regarding the quality of voice call traffic being transmitted from one gateway to another gateway . a parameter is calculated by the circuitry based on this information . this parameter is compared to predetermined thresholds to guarantee acceptable quality for a new voice call that is attempting to enter the ip network . the circuitry includes three circuits . a first circuit passes voice call data to the ip network . a second circuit polls the ip network about traffic information transmitted therein . a third circuit processes the polled information to determine whether the voice call data is to be accepted by the ip network . | 7 |
cyclopropylamine is prepared from butyrolactone by a process comprising : reacting butyrolactone with hydrogen chloride , thereby yielding chlorobutyric acid , esterifying said chlorobutyric acid with a primary or secondary alcohol having 4 - 8 carbon atoms , cyclizing the ester with an alkali metal alcoholate of a primary alcohol having 1 - 3 carbon atoms to give a mixture of cyclopropanecarboxylic acid esters , converting the cyclopropanecarboxylic acid ester mixture into cyclopropanecarboxylic acid amide by reacting the ester mixture with ammonia , and reacting said cyclopropanecarboxylic acid amide with hypohalite ion in a basic medium , thereby forming cyclopropylamine . | 2 |
a method , a system and a computer program for a feature game of a multidimensional grid to be used together with a base game . a player may play an initial base game and elect to play the feature game . the player may be provided with a ticket that becomes a winning ticket if some or all of the characters in the multidimensional grid adjoin so as to produce a winning line of horizontal , vertical or diagonal matching characters with a winning set of characters . more than one winning line is possible on each game ticket , producing multiple ways of winning on a single game ticket . | 6 |
a measuring device for creating prescription eyeglasses including a rigid eyeglasses template and a rhinometer . the template is made of a face part including two rims that are spaced apart and connected by a bridge . an earpiece is rigidly and removably attached to each side of the face part . the face part of the template is provided with a lining - up means that is precisely positioned on the outer surface of the face part . the rhinometer comprises two parts that are slidable against each other , each part having flanges comprising an angled edge . the angled edges of the flanges of one of the parts slant in an opposite manner to the flanges of the other part , each flange of one of said parts forming a pair of flanges with a flange of the other part , the spacing of said pair being variable so as to form a measuring device . | 6 |
We present observational evidence that an aspherical supernova explosion could have occurred in the first stars in the early universe. Our results are based on the first determination of a Zn abundance in a Hubble Space Telescope/Cosmic Origins Spectrograph high-resolution UV spectrum of a hyper-metal-poor (HMP) star, HE 1327-2326, with {{[Fe/H]}}({NLTE})=-5.2. We determine [Zn/Fe] = 0.80 ± 0.25 from a UV Zn I line at 2138 Å, detected at 3.4σ. Yields of a 25 M <SUB>⊙</SUB> aspherical supernova model with artificially modified densities exploding with E = 5 × 10<SUP>51</SUP> erg best match the entire abundance pattern of HE 1327-2326. Such high-entropy hypernova explosions are expected to produce bipolar outflows, which could facilitate the external enrichment of small neighboring galaxies. This has already been predicted by theoretical studies of the earliest star-forming minihalos. Such a scenario would have significant implications for the chemical enrichment across the early universe, as HMP carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars such as HE 1327-2326 might have formed in such externally enriched environments. <P />Based on observations made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, obtained at the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI), which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc. (AURA) under NASA contract NAS 5-26555. These observations are associated with program GO-14151. | 9 |
a document handling machine comprises a stapling device , and a staple cartridge operatively connected to the stapling device and including a staple estimating device adapted for measuring rotational movement of a roll of staples held within the staple cartridge and for estimating a quantity of the staples based on the measured rotational movement . | 1 |
the presence of such signals is detected each time the following detection condition is satisfied , namely : that , for the duration of a predetermined &# 34 ; prior activity &# 34 ; period the amplitude of the signal on the telephone channel exceeds a threshold level while successive maximum values taken at short time intervals remain fairly constant in level . apparatus for performing the method comprises a threshold level comparator and a difference comparator which control a detector followed by a holdover circuit . the invention is particularly applicable to inhibiting echo suppressor circuits during telephone signalling or data transfer by telephone line . | 7 |
a fluorescent color calibrator for calibrating rgb pixel values is provided . the fluorescent color calibrator includes a plurality of fluorogenic compounds adapted to fluoresce in a visible color spectrum ; and a second plurality of fluorogenic compounds adapted to fluoresce in multiple visible gray spectrums . also provided is a method for using the fluorescent color calibrator to standardize fluorescent colors when viewing with an rgb monitor . | 6 |
the present invention provides a unique and novel way of producing carbinols such as 4 - hydroxyphenylmethylcarbinol . in this new process , a ketone such as 4 - hydroxyacetophenone is heated under suitable hydrogenation conditions of temperature and pressure in the presence of a suitable catalyst and a basic material , and for a sufficient period of time to form hpmc . | 8 |
a call setup and restoration schema is disclosed for providing an improved priority - based call setup and restoration schema in an optical communications system , allowing higher priority connections access to bandwidth by user - definable parameters . the call setup and restoration schema includes allowing higher priority connections to claim the resources of lower priority connections , and restoring them when bandwidth is available , or bumping another , even lower priority , connections . this aids in providing access to bandwidth by high priority services and in preventing outages or connection delays for high priority connections . | 7 |
systems and methods for filtering and collecting algae from fluid including a piston and pressurized air system to scrape and clean algae from the filter . | 1 |
the invention relates to an interconnect , and to interconnect architecture , for communicating between processing elements and memory modules in a computer system comprising on - chip parallel computation , in order to reduce the tight synchrony that is required by important components of most present computers . | 7 |
a device for a full - duplex - capable radio transmission system with ds - cdma access , including a central radio base station , and a plurality of subscriber stations which are independent of one another and which are each designed with at least one transmission and reception antenna , the radio base station having a reception antenna divided in its horizontal antenna characteristic into a plurality of reception segments , and an evaluation unit connected to the reception segments and operative to determine which of the reception segments has the best reception quality on a subscriber - specific basis and to select the determined reception segment for further data processing , the radio base station further including a transmission antenna having a segmented antenna characteristic . | 7 |
a process is described wherein the hcn in fcc hydrocarbon gas streams is converted to nh 3 over a catalyst . this conversion has the desirable result of decreasing the amount of cn - in the water leaving the sour - water stripper , and ultimately in the refinery water effluent . | 2 |
a bayonet lug clamp has a housing opened on one end thereof for slidingly engaging the bayonet lug . a plate is mounted in the housing and opposes the bayonet lug as the housing is slid thereon . a screw passes through the housing to threadably engage the plate . turning of the screw draws the plate against the bayonet lug . | 5 |
a method for emission testing of a semiconductor device , by mounting the dut onto an test bench of an emission tester , the emission tester having an optical detector ; electrically connecting the dut to an electrical tester ; applying electrical test signals to the dut while keeping test parameters constant ; serially inserting one of a plurality of shortpass filters into an optical path of the emission tester and collecting emission test signal from the optical detector until all available shortpass filters have been inserted into the optical path ; determining appropriate shortpass filter providing highest signal to noise ratio of the emission signal ; inserting the appropriate shortpass filter into the optical path ; and , performing emission testing on the dut . | 6 |
a high sensitivity semiconductor photo - electric converter is provided by electrically isolating the gate region of a static induction transistor which exhibits non - saturating current versus voltage characteristic . optically ionized minority carriers are stored in the gate region to control the potential thereof . a semiconductor gate region provided with a insulated gate is very effective to enhance the dynamic range of the converter . non - saturating characteristic enables enlargement of the output current simply by increasing the drain voltage . a high - speed and high sensitivity image pick - up device can be materialized by integrating a multiplicity of the static induction type photo - electric converter elements . a switching transistor may be merged in the gate region of each photo - electric converter element to enhance the operation speed of the image pick - up device . | 7 |
an improved method and apparatus for a valve assembly features a valve body , a first seat ring mounted in the valve body , a second seat ring mounted in the valve body , and a retractable blade gate slideable in between the first seat ring and the second seat ring . the gate is moveable between open and closed position . a first elastomeric ring is disposed in between the valve body and the first seal ring and projecting towards the gate blade . a second elastomeric ring is disposed in between the second seat ring and the valve body and projecting towards the gate blade . | 5 |
the present invention relates to a system for use in motorized vehicles to provide a vehicle back - up alarm system , intended for mounting on a vehicle , that also incorporates an apparatus for detecting and alarming low battery conditions . preferably incorporated into a main housing are the electronic components that perform power regulation , system control , voltage sensing , timing , alarm tone generation , sound emitting and , optionally , light emitting . the housing serves to securely fix and retain these components and to protect them from moisture and dirt . the circuitry is connected to the vehicle upon which it is installed by preferably three connection terminals situated on the housing . distinctive tones and / or lamp sequences alert the operator and those by - standers within proximity to the vehicle to different alarm conditions . | 1 |
techniques for ion beam current measurement using a scanning beam current transformer are disclosed . in one particular exemplary embodiment , the techniques may be realized as an apparatus for ion beam current measurement using a transformer . the apparatus may comprise a measurement device positioned adjacent a wafer and an ion dose control module coupled to the measurement device . the measurement device may comprise a transformer through which an ion beam passes onto the wafer . the ion dose control module may calculate ion beam current passing through the transformer and adjust dose based at least in part upon the calculated ion beam current . | 7 |
a delivery device for and a method of delivering a substance to the nasal airway of a subject , in particular the posterior region of the nasal airway , the delivery device comprising : a closure unit for causing the closure of the oropharyngeal velum of the subject ; and a delivery unit for delivering a gas flow entraining a substance to one of the nostrils of the subject at such a driving pressure as to flow around the posterior margin of the nasal septum and out of the other nostril of the subject , wherein the delivery unit comprises a nosepiece which includes an outlet through which the gas flow is in use delivered to the one nostril and a sealing member for sealing the one nostril to the outlet such as in use to prevent the escape of the gas flow through the one nostril . | 0 |
disclosed are a transaction method , and a transaction system and device . the method comprises : an online store server managing information about physical stores , accepting the login of a user terminal , querying information about physical stores which have corresponding commodities according to a selected commodity list submitted by the user terminal , selecting therefrom a suitable physical store for the user terminal in accordance with a screening policy , and sending the name and position information about the selected physical store to the user terminal ; the user terminal reporting the commodity list to a physical store terminal of the physical store selected by the online store server , and the physical store terminal querying position information about a corresponding commodity according to the commodity list reported by the user terminal , and feeding back same to the user terminal ; and the user terminal searching for a corresponding commodity in a corresponding physical store according to the position information about the commodity , and completing commodity payment through interaction with the online store server or the physical store terminal . the present invention can carry out querying and selection of mass commodity information , and can greatly improve the shopping experience of a user and ensure shopping quality . | 6 |
an exhaust gas pressure reducer for an internal combustion engine which is comprised of a housing having means for attaching the housing to the end of the exhaust pipe . the housing has one or more venturi restrictions and is open at the ends for creating a draft across the end of the exhaust pipe through the venturi and out the opposite open end of the housing . the open exit of the housing reduces pressure at the exit to the venturi assisting drawing exhaust gases from the exhaust pipe . | 5 |
Dust absorption is invoked in a number of contexts for hiding a star that has survived some sort of transient event from view. Dust formed in a transient is expanding away from the star and, in spherical models, the mass and energy budgets implied by a high optical depth at late times make such models untenable. Concentrating the dust in a disc or torus can in principle hide a source from an equatorial observer using less mass and so delay this problem. However, using axisymmetric dust radiation transfer models with a range of equatorial dust concentrations, we find that this is quite difficult to achieve in practice. The polar optical depth must be either low or high to avoid scattering optical photons to equatorial observers. Most of the emission remains at wavelengths easily observed by JWST. The equatorial brightness can be significantly suppressed for very discy configurations with little polar optical depth - but only by a factor of ~2 for polar optical depths of τ<SUB>p</SUB> = 1 and ~5 for τ<SUB>p</SUB> = 0.1 even for a very high optical depth disc (τ<SUB>e</SUB> = 1000) viewed edge-on. It is particularly difficult to hide a source with silicate dusts because the absorption feature near 10 µm frequently leads to the emission being concentrated just bluewards of the feature, near 8 µm. | 9 |
in a motorcycle of the type including a transmission case provided on one side of a body frame , and a transmission and a gear type deceleration unit housed in the case for transmitting a driving force from an engine to an axle of the rear wheel an antilock controlling device for controlling a braking hydraulic pressure for the rear wheel includes a wheel deceleration sensor operatively connected with the rear wheel , and a casing for accommodating the antilock controlling device is attached to the transmission case . the wheel deceleration sensor includes a driving shaft having a pinion coupled thereto , and the pinion meshes with a final gear of the gear type deceleration unit . with this construction , there is no need of providing any exclusive overdrive device for the sensor , and a complication in the structure surrounding the rear wheel is avoided . | 1 |
to provide a cross - flow fan that is ideal for use in an excimer laser device or fluoride laser device that is capable of high - speed rotation , that has high mechanical strength even at high - speed rotation and that does not suffer deformation , a rotating shaft is mounted passing through the center of cross - flow fan for a discharge excitation gas laser device . use of the rotating shaft facilitates alignment of the rotating shaft and high - speed rotation is possible because the mechanical strength is raised . furthermore , magnetic bearings can be used since misalignment does not develop . the flow velocity is not adversely affected even if a rotating shaft , as noted above , is utilized since a cross - flow fan for gas circulation in an excimer laser device is used under high - head , low - flow velocity conditions . deformation due to shaft weight can be reduced since the weight of the rotating shaft can be lowered by providing a hollow section within the rotating shaft , and that increases the inherent oscillation frequency which permits still higher speeds . | 7 |
the invention features methods for measuring the total amounts of g protein - bound gdp and gtp in mammalian cells and tissue . the method of the invention is advantageous over conventional methods in that the cells need not be exposed to phosphate - free growth conditions , which can adversely affect the accuracy of the gtp determination . moreover , the method does not require exposure of the cells to radiolabelled phosphate in the growth medium . standardized amounts of g protein - bound gdp and gtp are determined relative to non - nuclear cellular protein content or cellular dna content , allowing comparison of results across different cell types . the method is particularly applicable to the detection of ras protein bound gtp and gdp . the determination of ras - bound gtp levels by the method of the invention provides a sensitive and accurate means of evaluating the role of ras activation in cellular processes , such as cell proliferative disease , hormonal secretion , cellular differentiation , programmed cell death , cell cycle regulation , and protein trafficking . treatment of abnormal processes can then more accurately targeted to the alteration of g protein activation . | 6 |
an exhaust manifold and a method for manufacturing an exhaust manifold that includes a housing part and overlapping corrugated sheet parts having corrugations at an angle of 10 to 60 degrees relative to each other . the method includes the steps of preoxidizing the manifold parts and after the preoxidation step joining the manifold parts simultaneously to each other by resistance welding . | 1 |
the extraction or purification of biomaterials and other products by liquid - liquid extraction in an aqueous system is enhanced by introducing a particulate polymeric adsorbent into the extraction system and agitating the system , whereupon the adsorbent reversibly binds the product or material to be separated from the product , to form a complex , and the complex preferentially partitions into one of the liquid phases . the complex is then separated , and the product recovered from the complex or the remaining liquid . ion exchange resins comprising beads or ground particles , of 0 . 01 - 10 micrometer average diameter , are representative adsorbents . | 1 |
Over the last few years, a large family of cosmological attractor models has been discovered, which can successfully match the latest inflation-related observational data. Many of these models can also describe a small cosmological constant Λ, which provides the most natural description of the present stage of the cosmological acceleration. In this paper, we study α-attractor models with dynamical dark energy, including the cosmological constant Λ as a free parameter. Predominantly, the models with 0Λ > converge to the asymptotic regime with the equation of state w=-1. However, there are some models with w≠ -1, which are compatible with the current observations. In the simplest models with Λ = 0, one has the tensor to scalar ratio r=12α/N<SUP>2</SUP> and the asymptotic equation of state w=-1+2/9α (which in general differs from its present value). For example, in the seven disk M-theory related model with α = 7/3 one finds r ~ 10<SUP>-2</SUP> and the asymptotic equation of state is w ~ -0.9. Future observations, including large-scale structure surveys as well as B-mode detectors will test these, as well as more general models presented here. We also discuss gravitational reheating in models of quintessential inflation and argue that its investigation may be interesting from the point of view of inflationary cosmology. Such models require a much greater number of e-folds, and therefore predict a spectral index n<SUB>s</SUB> that can exceed the value in more conventional models by about 0.006. This suggests a way to distinguish the conventional inflationary models from the models of quintessential inflation, even if they predict w = -1. | 9 |
a filter system for separating and binding biomolecules contained in a solution includes a first filter means for selectively passing components of the solution that are smaller than the biomolecules , thereby concentrating the biomolecules in the solution . also included is a binding membrane means having an affinity for the biomolecules for binding the biomolecules to the binding membrane means , with the binding membrane means being located where the biomolecules are concentrated by the first filter means . in the preferred mode , the binding membrane means is chosen to selectively bind the biomolecule of interest . according to a preferred method of the invention , biomolecules from a sample volume are bound to a binding membrane by urging the sample volume against a biomolecule - binding support membrane that is in contact with a cut - off filter membrane such that the sample volume will pass through the biomolecule - binding support membrane before passing through the cut - off filter membrane . the concept is to concentrate the biomolecules of interest by means of the cut - off membrane in the vicinity of the binding membrane , thereby increasing the binding yield on the binding membrane . in the preferred mode , the sample volume is urged against the binding membrane by centrifugation . | 1 |
a process data capture and reporting system captures process data values at sensors . a client computer appends absolute - value time stamps to the values to complete records , which are uploaded to a server . the server writes the records to a persistent database . at a later stage , the server retrieves selected records , and performs a very fast conversion of the time stamps to a calendar format with “ granular ” values for units such as day , month , or minute . the conversion is performed in an optimised manner with use of look - up tables in memory . this minimises processor overhead , and is thus very advantageous where data volumes are high and / or near real time reporting is required . | 6 |
a paper supplying deck is insertable into and withdrawable from a paper supplying portion of a body resulting in electrical connection between the side of the paper supplying deck and the side of the body through a drawer - type connector when the paper supplying deck is inserted and interruption of such electrical connection when the drawer is withdrawn . the paper supplying deck has a paper carrying portion with a paper width setting mechanism and a variable resistor the resistance value of which is changed in dependence on the paper width setting mechanism , thereby changing an output paper width detecting voltage . on the wide of the paper supplying deck , a resistance which prevents the paper width detecting voltage from amounting to a power source voltage even though the resistance value of the variable resistor reaches a maximum value , is connected in series with the variable resistor . on the side of the body , a pull up resistance is connected with the connector to discriminate between voltages in the connector when the paper supplying deck is mounted and when the paper supplying deck is not mounted . | 1 |
a plurality of at least two plate or panel - type members are formed with edge portions which hook together to define a key - forming passage therebetween , with tongue - and - groove type interlocks directed laterally from the elements defining both sides of the passage . the passage is filled with initially flowable , solidified key - forming material injected therein under pressure sufficient to cause the injected material to flow along and fill all , or one or more selected portions of the passage . the elements of the panels defining such passage are so formed that the pressurized , injected material tends to expand the passage , and thereby urge adjacent edges of the two panels toward abutting relation with each other , whereby further expansion of the passage is prevented . upon solidifying , the injected material comprises a key , which interlocks the panels and seals the joint therebetween . | 8 |
a method , system and computer program product for protecting access to a computer file are disclosed . in embodiments , the method comprises a user , employing a user computer , selecting a file , and creating a reference file to protect access to this selected file . when a requester uses a computer device to request access to the protected file , the reference file initiates a procedure to determine if the computing device is entitled to access the protected file by validating a series of computer components that uniquely identify the computing device . in embodiments , a set of specified computer configuration data is stored in a specified storage location ; and the series of computer components that uniquely identify the computing device are validated by comparing this set of computer configuration data with the series of computer components that uniquely identify the computing device . | 6 |
the present invention discloses a power system with temperature compensation control , for selectively supplying power from an external power source or a battery to a load , or charging the battery from the external power source , the power system comprising a buck converter electrically connected between the external power source and the load , and a temperature compensation control circuit for adjusting an output voltage of the buck converter according to a sensed temperature . | 7 |
the present invention generally relates to containment and control of an oil spill caused by a damaged or broken riser in deepwater . more specifically , the present invention relates to a reusable unit that will contain oil spills to a specific location and will also allow oil to be harvested as it flows to the top of the unit while minimizing or even eliminating any environmental clean - up cost . the unit of the present invention is dropped over a damaged or broken riser in a closed positin , the unit is released and stabilized in sections until the surface is reached and the containment unit is completely erected . | 4 |
a ground radiation antenna is disclosed . herein , the ground radiation antenna provides a radiator - forming circuit , which is formed to have a simple structure using a capacitive element , as well as a feeding circuit suitable for the provided radiator - forming circuit . thus , the structure of the antenna becomes simpler and the size of the antenna becomes smaller . accordingly , the fabrication process of the antenna is simplified , thereby largely reducing the fabrication cost . | 8 |
an emergency exit device of the push bar type to control entry and exit of personnel , including a crossbar which may be pushed toward a door to actuate mechanisms which retract a latch bolt , and an alarm and key system for selective alarm actuation . the alarm and key system includes internal control mechanisms which are mounted in a tamper - proof housing , which may be accessed only by operating the push bar and actuating the alarm . a light emitting diode in the alarm assembly indicates alarm state , the presence of power , and a preset delay interval for alarm actuation . a variety of internal and external key operation configurations may be employed . a fastening arrangement for the exit device housing provides security against unauthorized manipulation of alarm components . where mounting the alarm assembly within the exit device frame , an internal mounted guard member may include a protection flange to block access to the alarm . | 4 |
the separation of a adjacent band pass filters is improved , without changing the filters , by inverting the output signals from alternate filters and not inverting the remaining output signals . all the output signals are then summed . the result is a deeper notch in the frequency response of adjacent filters . | 7 |
a method for transmitting a web page to a client device is described . template information , sub - template information , and delta information are identified based on a request for information from the client device . the template information includes seldom changing elements of a web page . the sub - template information includes : information that changes less frequently than delta information , and elements of a web page shared by several templates . at least one of the template information , sub - template information , and delta information is retrieved from a location other than an originating server that is the original provider of information requested by the client device . the request is responded to by sending to the client device the template information , sub - template information and delta information . in addition , a system for transmitting a web page to a client device is described . | 7 |
there is provided according to the invention a pharmaceutical aerosol formulation which comprises : fluticasone propionate and a hydrofluoroalkane propellant , characterised in that the fluticasone propionate is completely dissolved in the formulation . the invention also provided canisters containing the formulation and uses thereof . | 8 |
this invention relates to the use of certain substituted pyrrolo - pyrimidine nucleosides in the treatment of viral infections , in particular those caused by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 , herpes simplex virus type 1 and human cytomegalovirus . these substituted compounds retain antiviral properties present in their parent compounds yet exhibit significantly decreased levels of cytotoxicity . | 0 |
the storage of values of a range block and of seven isometries used in a fractal image compression method , comprising using four memory areas of identical sizes in which are respectively stored the identity , and three first isometries corresponding to the isometries of symmetry with respect to the vertical axis , of 270 ° rotation , and of 90 ° rotation . | 6 |
in a tubular filter bodies with at least one tubular filter structure with a porous wall , through which a liquid passes substantially radially , particles above a given size being held back at the entrance surface , made of porous plastic , ceramic material , metal , graphite , etc , continuous operation at constant pressures is made possible by providing at least one groove which is closed toward the outside and forms a forced flow path leading from an inlet to an outlet in the circumferential entrance surface of the tubular filter body . | 1 |
a system and method for reducing multi - path distortion of an m - ary communication signal is implemented with m × n parallel processors , a multi - path estimator , a metric selector and a decision processor . parallel processors process each combination of possible signal symbols m and hypothesized guard times n , the output of the processors are supplied to the multi - path estimator which estimates the actual multi - path distortion of the transmitted symbol . the metric selector selects the processors with a guard time g n most closely approximating the estimate from the multi - path estimator . the selected outputs are used in a decision processor to determine the transmitted symbols . the selected outputs are low passed filtered . | 7 |
sampling systems and methods that enable a photodetector to be sampled and read concurrently are described . this scheme may be used to implement a photocell in which image data from the photodetector may be collected during readout . in this way , the substantial non - integration periods that often characterize sampling schemes in which the sampling and readout functions are performed sequentially , especially when operating in a shuttered , non - rolling imaging mode , may be avoided . | 7 |
a participant may join a conference call whenever a person specific attribute is read by an interrogator and verified as being authorized to participate in the call . the interrogator may be integrated into a telephone and manually activated or periodically activated . the attribute is an rfid tag , bar code , fingerprint , etc . conference calls may be joined and rejoined when moving from room to room . further , real - time participant lists may be accessed during the call and archived . | 7 |
an energy efficient garage door construction comprising a plurality of interconnected door sections . each of the sections includes a pair of symmetrical metal panels forming the opposed sides and long edges of the section , an expanded polystyrene core to which the metal panels are adhesively bonded , and a pair of generally u - shaped end pieces nestingly received between the metal panels . the metal panels form oppositely facing recesses along one side edge and tongues along the other side edge so that adjacent panels interfit to create a baffle effect , and the panels are held together by c - shaped retaining plates which serve the secondary function of hinge reinforcement members . | 4 |
The dark ages 21-cm signal is a powerful tool for precision cosmology and probing new physics. We study two non-standard models: an excess radio background (ERB) model (possibly generated by dark matter decay) and the millicharged dark matter (mDM) model. These models were inspired by the possible EDGES detection of a strong global 21-cm absorption during cosmic dawn, but more generally they provide a way to anticipate the potential discovery space. During the dark ages the 21-cm global signal in the ERB model reaches a saturated form for an amplitude A<SUB>r</SUB> = 0.4, where A<SUB>r</SUB> is the radio background intensity at cosmic dawn relative to the cosmic microwave background. This amplitude is one fifth of the minimum required to explain the EDGES signal, and corresponds to just 0.1 per cent of the observed extragalactic background; it would give a signal that can be detected at 5.9σ significance (compared to 4.1σ for the standard signal) and can be distinguished from the standard (no ERB) signal at 8.5σ, all with a 1000 h global signal measurement. The 21-cm power spectrum has potentially more information, but far greater resources would be required for comparable constraints. For the mDM model, over a range of viable parameters, the global signal detection significance would be $4.7-7.2\, \sigma$, and it could be distinguished from standard at $2.2-9.3\, \sigma$. With an array of global signal antennas achieving an effective 100 000 h integration, the significance would be 10× better. Our analysis helps motivate the development of lunar and space-based dark ages experiments. | 9 |
a ready - to - assemble kit for a solar air heater including a prefabricated , substantially closed heating chamber to be disposed upon a base member , guide strips to be secured to the base member around the perimeter of the chamber , and glazing supports having elongated slots along their bottoms , which slots are keyed to snuggly fit over the guide strips . | 5 |
a multilayered thermochromic display system is provided , wherein a thermochromic substance is applied to inert films in stacked layers with a non - invasive barrier between each layer of thermochromic substance . the thermochromic substance in each layer responds in a different temperature range so that as the temperature changes , the display exhibits repeated sequences of colors . the use of multiple layers with different temperature sensitivities enables the use of the displays over a broad range of temperatures . | 1 |
Recent observational surveys of the outer solar system provide evidence that Neptune's distant n:1 mean motion resonances may harbor relatively large reservoirs of trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs). In particular, the discovery of two securely classified 9:1 resonators, 2015 KE<SUB>172</SUB> and 2007 TC<SUB>434</SUB>, by the Outer Solar System Origins Survey is consistent with a population of order 10<SUP>4</SUP> such objects in the 9:1 resonance with absolute magnitude H <SUB> r </SUB> < 8.66. This work investigates whether the long-term stability of such populations in Neptune's n:1 resonances can be used to constrain the existence of distant 5–10 M <SUB>⊕</SUB> planets orbiting at hundreds of au. The existence of such a planet has been proposed to explain a reported clustering in the orbits of highly eccentric "extreme" trans-Neptunian objects (or eTNOs), although this hypothesis remains controversial. We engage in a focused computational case study of the 9:1 resonance, generating synthetic populations and integrating them for 1 Gyr in the presence of 81 different test planets with various masses, perihelion distances, eccentricities, and inclinations. While none of the tested planets are incompatible with the existence of 9:1 resonators, our integrations shed light on the character of the interaction between such planets and nearby n:1 resonances, and we use this knowledge to construct a simple heuristic method for determining whether or not a given planet could destabilize a given resonant population. We apply this method to the currently estimated properties of Planet 9, and find that a large primordial population in the 15:1 resonance (or beyond), if discovered in the future, could potentially constrain the existence of this planet. | 9 |
a semiconductor device having a test mark comprising : a semiconductor substrate ; a first teos layer formed on the semiconductor substrate ; a second teos layer formed on the first teos layer and having a fluidity lower than that of the first teos layer at an elevated temperature ; a recess formed in the first and second teos layers and exposing the surface of the semiconductor substrate , wherein the horizontal cross section of the recess is substantially rectangular in configuration ; and a metal layer formed between the first and second teos layers and opposing to the corner of the recess . | 7 |
continuous process for preparing titanium comprising fluorinating titanium ore , and reducing the formed alkaline earth fluotitanate with an alkaline earth metal in an induction slag reactor . | 2 |
a method of synthesizing lifepo 4 compounds and analogs thereof for use in secondary electrodes involves mixing the starting materials and polymerizing the mixture into a gel . the gel form allows thorough milling and mixing of the reagents and results in a smaller and more uniform particle size in the resultant electrode formed and a well crystallized structure based on the x - ray diffraction pattern . | 7 |
a method of operating a psram includes selecting a bit on a word line of the psram , keeping the word line on for a first predetermined duration after selecting the bit , writing a data into the bit in response to a write command , and keeping the word line on for a second predetermined duration after the write command ends . | 6 |
a medical probe device comprising a catheter having a stylet guide housing with at least one stylet port in a side thereof and stylet guide means for directing a flexible stylet outward through at least one stylet port and through intervening tissue to targeted tissues . the stylet guide housing has an optical viewing means positioned for viewing the stylet and adjacent structure which includes a fiber optic channel means for receiving a fiber optic viewing device . the fiber optic channel means can include a guide port means for directing longitudinal movement of a fiber optic device with respect to the stylet guide means in a viewing zone and a flushing liquid channel in the stylet guide housing having an exit port positioned to direct flushing liquid issuing therefrom across the end of a fiber optic device when positioned in the viewing zone . the optical viewing means can comprise a viewing window positioned in the stylet guide housing for viewing the stylet when it is directed outward from its respective stylet port . the optical viewing means can include a fiber optic channel in the stylet guide housing for receiving the a fiber optic viewing device and aligning the viewing end thereof with the viewing window . windowed devices can include a flushing liquid channel in the stylet guide housing having an exit port positioned to direct flushing liquid issuing therefrom across a surface of the viewing window . | 0 |
a method for controlling operation of a pump unit , where the pump unit includes a primary piston pump having a primary piston and a secondary piston pump having a secondary piston . the primary piston pump is fluidically connected with the secondary piston pump . the primary piston pump includes an inlet valve and an outlet valve , and the pump unit operates periodically according to a pump cycle . the method includes determining a fluid pressure of fluid dispensed by the pump unit , and performing a closed loop control of a position of the primary piston in dependence on the fluid pressure of the fluid dispensed by the pump unit during a first time interval of the pump cycle . | 8 |
an image forming system , which forms an image relating to subject data on a recording medium having a holding unit holding identification information specific to the storage medium , including : a detection unit which detects identification information held by the holding unit of an arbitrary recording medium on which an image is recorded ; and a control unit which acquires subject data corresponding to the detected identification information and forms an image relating to the acquired subject data on the recording medium . | 1 |
a frame header of forward error correction is provided , suitable for using in the dvb - c2 standard . in the dvb - c2 standard , adaptive coding and modulation or variable coding and modulation is applied to each fec block to provide as much flexibility as possible . as a result , a frame header is attached in front of each fec frame to inform the coding rate , modulation type and physical layer pipe identifier . besides the signaling of physical layer related information , the fec frame header has to provide a structure so that it can be easily and reliably detected in the receiver . motivated by the need in dvb - c2 standard , an efficient and reliable fec header suitable for dvb - c2 standard is provided in at least one implementation in this disclosure that combines use of two different modulation types for the header information . in addition , the detection method of the fec header is described . | 7 |
a stencil assembly includes a stencil foil , having a stencil pattern thereon and of a planar configuration , with a peripheral edge , which is a captured by rigid frame . the rigid frame includes a base and a cover attached thereto . the assembly adapts a standard stencil foil for use in a stretch frame that requires an elongated groove . the assembly thereby facilitates mounting the stencil to a stretching machine during printing . also , the stencil assembly protects a user from injury by preventing contact with the sharp outer edges of the stencil foil . further , the assembly protects the stencil foil portion from damage and greatly facilitates handling thereof . | 7 |
an automatic frequency control system , for an optical coherent communication system , in which the frequency of local oscillation light 5 from a coherent light communication receiver 100 is swept to pull the intermediate frequency to a stable afc point . the afc is caused to operate with an intermediate frequency in the afc operation range , and interrupted . subsequently while sweeping the frequency of local oscillation light 5 in a certain direction in a predetermined range , the output voltage of frequency discriminator 9 is monitored . once the change of the output voltage of frequency discriminator 9 due to the sweep exceeds the predetermined threshold value , the afc resumes for pulling to a stable point . | 7 |
a wheelchair includes a base with horizontal portions and a portion that extends between the horizontal portions to define an open . an occupant support structure is carried by the base and rotates with respect to the base . in addition , the occupant support structure has seat , back and leg portions that are movable between sitting and reclining positions . | 0 |
a method for training a trainable transmitter in a vehicle that includes receiving a request to enter a training mode of the trainable transmitter from a user , beginning a training mode of the trainable transmitter , receiving a control signal from an original transmitter associated with a remote control system , detecting a frequency and control data of the control signal . the method further includes determining if the control signal is a fixed code signal or a rolling code signal . if the control signal is a fixed code signal , storing the detected frequency and control data . if the control signal is a rolling code signal , comparing the detected control signal frequency to a plurality of predetermined frequencies and based on the comparison , shifting the detected frequency to match one of the predetermined frequencies . | 6 |
an comprises an external storage device and an external storage device unit , wherein an external storage device main includes , a thin type external storage device module formed into a one - side sealed package from a storage medium series element containing at least one non - volatile semiconductor memory device , and a flat type external connection terminal connected to an input / output terminal of the storage medium series element and led and exposed to a backside of the external storage device module , and an external storage device unit includes , an external storage device main detachable section for engaging , insertedly attaching and detaching the external storage device main , an resilient contact electrically connecting to the external connection terminal of the external storage device main to be mounted , and at least a part of circuit function for driving and controlling the storage medium series element . | 6 |
a method that communicates a request from a first device to a proximally located second device for a movie residing in storage associated with the second device , the request communicated over a communications network , responsive to the request , receives the movie from the second device over the communications network , presents a menu on a screen corresponding to the first device , the menu comprising playback options to enable a user to manipulate playback and rewind of the movie , and responsive to user selection of one of the playback options , presents the movie on the screen . | 7 |
Most massive stars end their lives with core collapse. However, it is not clear which explode as a core-collapse supernova (CCSN), leaving behind a neutron star, and which collapse to a black hole, aborting the explosion. One path to predict explodability without expensive multidimensional simulations is to develop analytic explosion conditions. These analytic conditions also provide a deeper understanding of the explosion mechanism and they provide some insight into why some simulations explode and some do not. The analytic force explosion condition (FEC) reproduces the explosion conditions of spherically symmetric CCSN simulations. In this follow-up manuscript, we include the dominant multidimensional effect that aids explosion—neutrino-driven convection—in the FEC. This generalized critical condition (FEC+) is suitable for multidimensional simulations and has potential to accurately predict explosion conditions of two- and three-dimensional CCSN simulations. We show that adding neutrino-driven convection reduces the critical condition by ∼30%, which is consistent with previous multidimensional simulations. | 9 |
a fiber optic cable including an inner guard layer surrounding a core containing at least one optical fiber ; and an outer guard layer surrounding the inner guard layer ; wherein the inner guard layer includes at least one metal tube with at least one optical fiber inside the tube ; and wherein the outer guard layer includes at least one metal tube with at least one optical fiber inside the tube . | 6 |
a band with end sections and an integral pocket assembly can be used as a concealed carry apparatus . the end sections fasten the band around the body or a body extremity . an elastic strap keeps the band snug . slip resistant material placed in opposition of the pocket assembly keeps the band from slipping . | 0 |
3 - amino - 5 - isoxazole , in optimum yield , is prepared in a stepwise manner by reacting a lower alkyl pivalate and acetonitrile in the presence of a base to yield pivalyl acetonitrile , which in turn is allowed to react with hydroxylamine under controlled conditions of ph to yield the desired compound . the compound is a useful intermediate for the preparation of isoxazole derivatives having utility as herbicides . | 2 |
a touch screen computing apparatus , methods , and software product are provided . in one embodiment , an the computing apparatus provides a plurality of regions on a touch screen that are mapped to functions . in some embodiments , the regions include a keyboard region , a game control region , a mouse region and a stylus region . in some embodiments , the regions are configurable by the processor and mapped with different functionality . this abstract is provided for the sole purpose of complying with the abstract requirement rules that allow a reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the disclosure contained herein . this abstract is submitted with the explicit understanding that it will not be used to interpret or to limit the scope or the meaning of the claims . | 0 |
an improved fuel injection spray director plate including conically chamfered entries to the flow passages through the plate . the conical chamfer may extend part way or all the way through the plate . in a currently preferred embodiment , the chamfer extends only part way through the plate , and the remaining cylindrical portion of the passage provides desirable directional capability for the spray . preferably , the conical chamfer axis forms an angle with the cylindrical portion axis . preferably , a flow passage is positioned in the director plate such that the main flow direction of fuel exiting the fuel injector valve is received into the chamfer of the passage . preferably , a second conical portion is formed in the passage between the first conical portion and the cylindrical portion . | 5 |
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are explosive transient events occurring at cosmological distances, releasing a large amount of energy as electromagnetic radiation over several energy bands. We report the detection of the long GRB 201216C by the MAGIC telescopes. The source is located at z = 1.1 and thus it is the farthest one detected at very high energies. The emission above 70 GeV of GRB 201216C is modelled together with multiwavelength data within a synchrotron and synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) scenario. We find that SSC can explain the broad-band data well from the optical to the very-high-energy band. For the late-time radio data, a different component is needed to account for the observed emission. Differently from previous GRBs detected in the very-high-energy range, the model for GRB 201216C strongly favours a wind-like medium. The model parameters have values similar to those found in past studies of the afterglows of GRBs detected up to GeV energies. | 9 |
an electronic message identification method and system is provided for identifying and managing electronic messages . the electronic message identification method and system may be used for sending an electronic file to a customer by receiving an approval from the customer indicating acceptable content for electronic files that are sent to the customer ; receiving the electronic file from a sender , the electronic file including file content and a message content identifier corresponding to the file content ; comparing the message content identifier to the approval from the customer ; and delivering the file content to an electronic mailbox of the customer , if the message content identifier is consistent with the approval from the customer indicating acceptable content . | 7 |
this invention relates to mounting porous ceramic material to metal surfaces . the metal surfaces may either be flat surfaces or tubes . the ceramic material is held onto a perforated metal sheet by screwed - in spiral springs . the perforated metal sheet acts as a holding device and is located adjacent to a metal surface . the invention provides for porous ceramic insulation which is conveniently mounted with relation to the metal surface . spiral springs absorb the stresses which occur during use . | 5 |
Subsets and Splits
No saved queries yet
Save your SQL queries to embed, download, and access them later. Queries will appear here once saved.