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36408483 | Boerhaave syndrome presenting black pleural effusion: A case report. | A 55-year-old man experienced nausea and vomiting after brushing his teeth. He experienced back pain after this episode and visited our emergency department. puted tomography (CT) images revealed moderate pleural fluid accumulation and mild left pneumothorax. Thoracentesis showed black pleural effusion. Thoracic drainage included food debris with black pleural effusion, and gastroscopy revealed food debris and perforation of the lower esophagus. Esophageal perforation was surgically repaired using omental implantation and pleuroclysis. Given the high mortality rate associated with black pleural effusion, prompt diagnostic procedures and corresponding management are essential. |
36408484 | Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-induced hepatitis diagnosed by liver biopsy followed by ICI-free chemotherapy leading to therapeutic effect: A case of lung cancer treatment. | In recent years, bination of platinum-based chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has e the standard treatment for patients with lung cancer. Hepatitis is one of mon toxicities following ICI/chemotherapy. When drug-induced hepatitis occurs, the suspected drug must be discontinued. Since it may be difficult to determine the exact drug causing the hepatitis, liver biopsy may help identify this. We report the case of a patient diagnosed with immune-related adverse event hepatitis from liver biopsy and clinical course. A 45-year-old man with lung adenocarcinoma (stage IV, cT4N3M1c) negative for driver gene mutation was treated with carboplatin (CBDCA), pemetrexed (PEM), and pembrolizumab. Elevated blood aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels after chemotherapy indicated hepatitis induced by cytotoxic anticancer agents and ICIs. As autoimmune hepatitis was also suspected, liver biopsy was performed and the findings suggested ICI-induced hepatitis. Pembrolizumab was discontinued and CBDCA/PEM was resumed, following which, the primary lesion shrank. When drug-induced hepatitis is suspected, clinicians should actively perform liver biopsy to confirm the diagnosis, so that appropriate therapeutic regimen can be administered. |
36408485 | Adopting effective hierarchal IoMTs computing with K-efficient clustering to control and forecast COVID-19 cases. | The Internet of Medical Things (IoMTs) based on puting has been effectively proven to improve the controlling, monitoring, and care quality of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. One of the convenient approaches to assess symptomatic patients is to group patients parable symptoms and provide an overview of the required level of care to patients with similar conditions. Therefore, this study adopts an effective hierarchal puting with K-Efficient clustering to control and forecast COVID-19 cases. The proposed system integrates the K-Means and K-Medoids clusterings to monitor the health status of patients, early detection of COVID-19 cases, and process data in real-time with ultra-low latency. In addition, the data analysis takes into account the primary requirements of the network to assist in understanding the nature of COVID-19. Based on the findings, the K-Efficient clustering with puting is a more effective approach to analyse the status of pared to that of K-Means and K-Medoids in terms of intra-class, inter-class, running time, the latency of network, and RAM consumption. In summary, the e of this study provides a novel approach for remote monitoring and handling of infected COVID-19 patients through real-time personalised treatment services. |
36408488 | "Black people don't love nature": white environmentalist imaginations of cause, calling, and capacity. | I examine how white British members of a London-area environmental group conceptualize race in relation to ecological disasters. Based on a five-year (2018-2022) ethnographic study, members employed racialized narratives and symbolic boundaries to construct who was the |
36408489 | Economic impacts of biodiesel policy in Indonesia: a computable general equilibrium approach. | The Government of Indonesia has been promoting the advancement of the biodiesel sector to fulfill mitment to support clean energy, energy security, and rural development. This paper examines the economic impact of the biodiesel sector using putable general equilibrium model. Besides analyzing the impacts on the national macroeconomic conditions, other sectors, and household es, our model has also included a regional block to capture the impact of the biodiesel mandate on regional growth. Two simulations were performed: (1) fulfillment of the 30% biodiesel blending target (B30 mandate), and (2) Simulation bined with the European Union's biodiesel trade ban resulting in an export reduction of 5.18%. The results show that the two simulations provide positive impacts on macroeconomic variables, including real gross domestic product and real wages. However, the B30 mandate and bined effect of the EU trade ban still yield an inflationary effect in the short term. They also potentially reduce the production of several agricultural products-such as sugarcane, fruits, vegetables, and soybeans-leading to an increase in food prices. The policy implications highlight that the current B30 mandate and EU ban cannot automatically improve the fuel trade balance. |
36408490 | Laryngopharyngeal reflux as a potential cause of Eustachian tube dysfunction in patients with otitis media with effusion. | To explore the association between laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD)-related symptoms and the Eustachian tube (ET) function in adult patients with otitis media with effusion (OME). |
36408491 | Efficacy and safety of Buyang Huanwu Decoction in the treatment of post-stroke depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 15 randomized controlled trials. | Post-stroke depression is the mon neuropsychiatric disorder after stroke, which seriously affects patients' post-stroke recovery and quality of life, and is prone to recurrence of stroke and death. Buyang Huanwu Decoction is effective in treating post-stroke depression, but there is a lack of scientific systematic review and meta-analysis. |
36408492 | Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy: Using diffusion tensor imaging to evaluate visual pathway microstructural changes. | The aim of this study was to determine whether the visual pathway is affected by thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) before the development of dysthyroid optic neuropathy (DON) with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). |
36408494 | Current trends and hotspots in drug-resistant epilepsy research: Insights from a bibliometric analysis. | Drug-resistance is a significant clinical issue in persons with epilepsy. In the past few years, many studies have been published investigating the management of drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE); however, no systematic and quantitative evaluation of this research has been performed. Therefore, a bibliometric analysis was conducted to demonstrate the current status of DRE research and to reflect the trends and hotspots within the field. |
36408496 | Autonomic symptoms in migraine: Results of a prospective longitudinal study. | To assess the prevalence and burden of autonomic symptoms in migraine, and determine the relationship with migraine frequency. |
36408497 | Radiomics features of DSC-PWI in time dimension may provide a new chance to identify ischemic stroke. | Ischemic stroke has e a severe disease endangering human life. However, few studies have analyzed the radiomics features that are of great clinical significance for the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of patients with ischemic stroke. Due to sufficient cerebral blood flow information in dynamic susceptibility contrast perfusion-weighted imaging (DSC-PWI) images, this study aims to find the critical features hidden in DSC-PWI images to characterize hypoperfusion areas (HA) and normal areas (NA). This study retrospectively analyzed 80 DSC-PWI data of 56 patients with ischemic stroke from 2013 to 2016. For exploring features in HA and NA,13 feature sets ( |
36408498 | The relationship between severe extracranial artery stenosis or occlusion and cerebral small vessel disease in patients with large artery atherosclerotic cerebral infarction. | Extracranial artery stenosis (ECAS) is associated with the presence of individual markers of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). Here, we investigated the relationship between severe extracranial artery stenosis or occlusion and CSVD in patients with large artery atherosclerotic (LAA) cerebral infarction. |
36408500 | Medical management of cerebral edema in large hemispheric infarcts. | Acute ischemic stroke confers a high burden of morbidity and mortality globally. Occlusion of large vessels of the anterior circulation, namely the intracranial carotid artery and middle cerebral artery, can result in large hemispheric stroke in ~8% of these patients. Edema from stroke can result in a cascade effect leading to pression of capillary perfusion, increased stroke burden, elevated intracranial pressure, herniation and death. Mortality from large hemispheric stroke is generally high and surgical intervention may reduce mortality and improve good es in select patients. For those patients who are not eligible candidates for surgical pression either due timing, medical co-morbidities, or patient and family preferences, the mainstay of medical management for cerebral edema is hyperosmolar therapy. Other neuroprotectants for cerebral edema such as glibenclamide are under investigation. This review will discuss current guidelines and evidence for medical management of cerebral edema in large hemispheric stroke as well as discuss important neuromonitoring and critical care management targeted at reducing morbidity and mortality for these patients. |
36408499 | Cognitive dysfunctions in high myopia: An overview of potential neural morpho-functional mechanisms. | Dementia and cognitive impairment (CIM) carry high levels of mortality. Visual impairment (VI) is linked with CIM risk. High myopia (HM) is a chronic disease frequently leading to irreversible blindness. Current opinion has shifted from retinal injury as the cause of HM to the condition being considered an eye-brain disease. However, the pathogenesis of this disease and the manner in which neural structures are damaged are poorly understood. This prehensively discusses the relationship between HM, the central nervous system, and CIM, together with the novel concept of three visual pathways, and possible research perspectives. |
36408501 | Case analysis of early-onset Alzheimer's disease associated with TBK1 p.Tyr235Phe gene mutation. | TANK1-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) is mainly involved in the regulation of various cellular pathways through the autophagic lysosomal system, and the loss of function or hypofunction caused by TBK1 gene mutation mainly leads to frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and ALS-FTLD. Alzheimer's disease (AD) due to TBK1 gene mutation is extremely rare, and only one case has been reported in China so far. In this report, we described a patient with early-onset AD (EOAD) in whom a new probable pathogenic variant c.704A>T (p.Tyr235Phe) in the TBK1 gene was identified by a whole-genome sequencing analysis. It is suggested that FTLD gene mutation may exist in patients with clinical manifestations of AD. |
36408502 | Stroke services in the Middle East and adjacent region: A survey of 34 hospital-based stroke services. | Acute stroke care plex and requires multidisciplinary networking. There are insufficient data on stroke care in the Middle East and adjacent regions in Asia and Africa. |
36408503 | Multisensory integration and white matter pathology: Contributions to cognitive dysfunction. | The ability to simultaneously process and integrate multiple sensory stimuli is paramount to effective daily function and essential for normal cognition. Multisensory management depends critically on the interplay between bottom-up and top-down processing of sensory information, with white matter (WM) tracts acting as the conduit between cortical and subcortical gray matter (GM) regions. White matter tracts and GM structures operate in concert to manage both multisensory signals and cognition. Altered sensory processing leads to difficulties in reweighting and modulating multisensory input during various routine environmental challenges, and thus contributes to cognitive dysfunction. To examine the specific role of WM in altered sensory processing and cognitive dysfunction, this review focuses on two neurologic disorders with diffuse WM pathology, multiple sclerosis and mild traumatic brain injury, in which persistently altered sensory processing and cognitive impairment mon. In these disorders, cognitive dysfunction in association with altered sensory processing may develop initially from slowed signaling in WM tracts and, in some cases, GM pathology secondary to WM disruption, but also because of interference with cognitive function by the added burden of managing concurrent multimodal primary sensory signals. These insights promise to inform research in the neuroimaging, clinical assessment, and treatment of WM disorders, and the investigation of WM-behavior relationships. |
36408504 | The predictive role of systemic inflammation response index in the prognosis of traumatic brain injury: A propensity score matching study. | We aimed to evaluate the predictive power of systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), a novel biomarker, to predict all-cause mortality in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the intensive care unit (ICU). |
36408505 | Altered cortical thickness, degree centrality, and functional connectivity in middle-age type 2 diabetes mellitus. | This study aimed to investigate the changes in brain structure and function in middle-aged patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) using morphometry and blood oxygen level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-fMRI). |
36408507 | Performance in information processing speed is associated with parietal white matter tract integrity in multiple sclerosis. | The Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) is most frequently used to test processing speed in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Functional imaging studies emphasize the importance of frontal and parietal areas for task performance, but the influence of frontoparietal tracts has not been thoroughly studied. We were interested in tract-specific characteristics and their association with processing speed in MS patients. |
36408506 | Seizure outcome-related factors in autoimmune encephalitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. | Identifying the predictors for seizure e in autoimmune encephalitis (AE) and investigating how to prevent persistent seizures would have major clinical benefits effectively. Thus, we aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine seizure e-related factors in AE patients. |
36408508 | Vestibular evoked myogenic potential may predict the hearing recovery in patients with unilateral idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss. | This study investigates the association between vestibular function and prognosis in patients with unilateral idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (UISSNHL). |
36408510 | Current state of research on acupuncture for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A scoping review. | To provide an overview of the range and characteristics of existing evidence, research gaps, and future research priorities in treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) with acupuncture. |
36408511 | Early diagnosis of intracranial atherosclerotic large vascular occlusion: A prediction model based on DIRECT-MT data. | This study aimed to build a prediction model to early diagnose intracranial atherosclerosis (ICAS)-related large vascular occlusion (LVO) in acute ischemic stroke patients before digital subtractive angiography. |
36408512 | Role of responsive neurostimulation and immunotherapy in refractory epilepsy due to autoimmune encephalitis: A case report. | Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) frequently presents with seizures in the acute setting. Seizures are often refractory to anti-seizure medications (ASM) but have been shown to be responsive to immunomodulatory therapies. A subset of patients with AE continues to have refractory epilepsy, recently named "autoimmune-associated epilepsy (AAE)," for years after the acute AE presentation. Optimal treatment for AAE has not been determined. Furthermore, the efficacy of neuromodulation and immunotherapy has not been well established in AAE. Here, we report a patient with probable autoantibody negative AE who initially presented with new onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE). After his acute presentation, he continued to have frequent seizures that were refractory to four ASMs at therapeutic doses. A responsive neurostimulation (RNS |
36408513 | Impact of time between thrombolysis and endovascular thrombectomy on outcomes in patients with acute ischaemic stroke. | Benefits of endovascular thrombectomy (ET) after intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) for patients with acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) have been demonstrated, but analyses of the relationship between IVT-ET time delay and functional es among patients receiving both treatments are lacking. |
36408514 | Structuring and validating a prognostic model for low-grade gliomas based on the genes for plasma membrane tension. | Recent studies indicate that cell mechanics are associated with malignancy through its impact on cell migration and adhesion. Gliomas are the mon primary malignant brain tumors. Low-grade gliomas (LGGs) include diffuse LGGs (WHO grade II) and intermediate-grade gliomas (WHO grade III). Few studies have focused on membrane tension in LGGs. Herein, we assessed the prognostic value of plasma membrane tension-related genes (MTRGs) in LGGs. |
36408515 | The association between cerebrospinal ferritin and soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 along Alzheimer's continuum. | Brain iron accumulation, which is indicated in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) ferritin, is associated with the development of Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Studies have indicated that iron deposition might participate in Alzheimer's pathology through the induction of microglial activation. A soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (sTrem2) in CSF is increasingly recognized as a reliable indicator for microglia activity in the brain and participates in the development of neuroinflammation. However, the association between CSF ferritin and sTrem2 under the AD continuum has not been well-established. We enrolled individuals from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database. Participants were classified into healthy controls (HC, |
36408516 | Lipoprotein(a) and residual vascular risk in statin-treated patients with first acute ischemic stroke: A prospective cohort study. | Statins either barely affect or increase lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] levels. This study aimed to explore the factors correlated to the change of Lp(a) levels as well as the relationship between Lp(a) and the recurrent vascular events in statin-treated patients with first acute ischemic stroke (AIS). |
36408517 | Therapeutic strategies for intracerebral hemorrhage. | Stroke is the second highest cause of death globally, with an increasing incidence in developing countries. Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) accounts for 10-15% of all strokes. ICH is associated with poor neurological es and high mortality due to bination of primary and secondary injury. Fortunately, experimental therapies are available that may improve functional es in patients with ICH. These therapies targeting secondary brain injury have attracted substantial attention in their translational potential. Here, we summarize recent advances in therapeutic strategies and directions for ICH and discuss the barriers and issues that need to be e to improve ICH prognosis. |
36408519 | Stent-alone treatment of unruptured vertebral artery fusiform aneurysms: A comparison of flow diverter and conventional stents. | Treatment of vertebral artery fusiform aneurysms (VAFAs) plex and controversial. This study aimed pare the safety and efficacy between flow diverter and conventional stents in patients with VAFAs undergoing endovascular stent-alone treatment (SAT). |
36408518 | Sex and age differences in the Multiple Sclerosis prodrome. | Little is known of the potential sex and age differences in the MS prodrome. We investigated sex and age differences in healthcare utilization during the MS prodrome. |
36408520 | Age-related hearing loss was accelerated by apoptosis of spiral ganglion and stria vascularis cells in ApoE KO mice with hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. | Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is associated with diabetes and/or dyslipidemia in humans. However, the detailed mechanism for the development of ARHL by diabetes and/or dyslipidemia has not been elucidated. In this study, we investigated the etiology of ARHL in apolipoprotein E (ApoE)-deficient mice with diabetes and dyslipidemia. The atherosclerotic CD-STZ (mice fed with a control diet and received an STZ injection), WD-con (mice fed with a western diet), and WD-STZ (mice fed with a western diet and received an STZ injection) mice showed a 2.4-, 4.9-, and 6.8-fold larger area, respectively, occupied by lesions throughout the pared with the CD-con mice. A significantly larger area under the curve (AUC) was observed in the STZ-treated groups than in the non-treated groups based on the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). At 20 weeks of age, HbA |
36408522 | Wall characteristics of atherosclerotic middle cerebral arteries in patients with single or multiple infarcts: A high-resolution MRI Study. | Understanding the stroke mechanism of middle cerebral artery (MCA) atherosclerosis may inform secondary prevention. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between vascular wall characteristics and infarction patterns using high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HRMRI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). |
36408523 | An MRI-based joint model of radiomics and spatial distribution differentiates autoimmune encephalitis from low-grade diffuse astrocytoma. | The differential diagnosis between autoimmune encephalitis and low-grade diffuse astrocytoma remains challenging. We aim to develop a quantitative model integrating radiomics and spatial distribution features derived from MRI for discriminating these two conditions. |
36408524 | The Innovative Medicines Initiative neurodegeneration portfolio: From individual projects to collaborative networks. | The IMI public-private partnership between the European Commission and the European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations (EFPIA) was launched in 2008 with an initial budget of €2 billion. Aiming to accelerate the development of innovative medicines for areas of unmet clinical need, the IMI mitted over €380 million to projects on neurodegenerative disorders (NDD), catalyzing public-private collaborations at scale and at all stages of the R&D pipeline. Because of this vast investment, research on neurodegenerative diseases has made enormous strides in recent decades. The challenge for the future however remains to utilize this newly found knowledge and generated assets to develop better tools and novel therapeutic strategies. Here, we report the results of an integrated programme analysis of the IMI NDD portfolio, performed by the Neuronet Coordination and Support Action. Neuronet was launched by the IMI in 2019 to boost synergies and collaboration between projects in the IMI NDD portfolio, to increase the impact and visibility of research, and to facilitate interactions with related initiatives worldwide. Our analysis assessed the characteristics, structure and assets of the project portfolio and identifies lessons from projects spanning preclinical research to applied clinical studies and beyond. Evaluation of project parameters and network analyses of project partners revealed plex web of 236 partnering organizations, with EFPIA partners often acting as connecting nodes across projects, and with a great diversity of academic institutions. Organizations in the UK, Germany, France and the Netherlands were highly represented in the portfolio, which has a strong focus on clinical research in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease in particular. Based on surveys and unstructured interviews with NDD research leaders, we identified actions to enhance collaboration between project partners, by improving the structure and definition of in-kind contributions; reducing administrative burdens; and enhancing the exploitation of es from research investments by EU taxpayers and EFPIA. These mendations could help increase the efficiency and impact of future public-private partnerships on neurodegeneration. |
36408526 | Peri-procedure efficacy and safety of one-stop hybrid surgery for the treatment of brain arteriovenous malformations: A single-center preliminary experience. | Some deficiencies and ings in treatment strategies of brain arteriovenous malformation (bAVM) remain. It is worth exploring whether the one-stop hybrid surgical platform can play a positive role in the treatment of bAVM. |
36408525 | The not so hidden impact of interictal burden in migraine: A narrative review. | Migraine is a highly prevalent neurological disease of varying attack frequency. Headache attacks that are panied by bination of impact on daily activities, photophobia and/or nausea are monly migraine. The headache phase of a migraine attack has attracted more research, assessment tools and treatment goals than any other feature, characteristic, or phase of migraine. However, the migraine attack may pass up to 4 phases: the prodrome, aura, headache phase and postdrome. There is growing recognition that the burden of migraine, including symptoms associated with the headache phase of the attack, may persist between migraine attacks, sometimes referred to as the "interictal phase." These include allodynia, hypersensitivity, photophobia, phonophobia, osmophobia, visual/vestibular disturbances and motion sickness. Subtle interictal clinical manifestations and a patient's trepidation to make plans mitments due to the unpredictability of migraine attacks may contribute to poorer quality of life. However, there are only a few tools available to assess the interictal burden. Herein, we examine the recent advances in the recognition, description, and assessment of the interictal burden of migraine. We also highlight the value in patients fortable discussing the symptoms and overall burden of migraine when discussing migraine treatment needs with their provider. |
36408527 | Hiding in plain sight? A review of post-convulsive leukocyte elevations. | During physiological stress responses such as vigorous exercise, emotional states of fear and rage, and asphyxia, the nervous system induces a massive release of systemic catecholamines that prepares the body for survival by increasing cardiac output and redirecting blood flow from non-essential organs into the cardiopulmonary circulation. A curious byproduct of this vital response is a sudden, transient, and redistributive leukocytosis provoked mostly by the resultant shear forces exerted by rapid blood flow on marginated leukocytes. Generalized convulsive seizures, too, result in catecholamine surges panied by similar leukocytoses, the magnitude of which appears to be rooted in semiological factors such as convulsive duration and intensity. This manuscript reviews the history, kinetics, physiology, and clinical significance of post-convulsive leukocyte elevations and discusses their clinical utility, including a proposed role in the scientific investigation of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). |
36408529 | SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence, cumulative infections, and immunity to symptomatic infection - A multistage national household survey and modelling study, Dominican Republic, June-October 2021. | Population-level SARS-CoV-2 immunological protection is poorly understood but can guide vaccination and non-pharmaceutical intervention priorities. Our objective was to characterise cumulative infections and immunological protection in the Dominican Republic. |
36408531 | Building a case for incorporating sport as an indicator in human development index. | United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution 73/24 on 3rd December 2018, to recognize sport as an enabler of sustainable development. To examine whether sport really plays an enabling role, the medals ranking of countries on the basis of medals obtained (per million population) in Summer Olympics during the five Olympics games over the first two decades of 21st century has been chosen as an indicator of sports achievement of a country and has pared with their Human Development Index (HDI) ranking during that particular year of Olympics. The aim of this research was to examine the correlation between sports achievement and HDI. |
36408530 | The effect of six week virtual reality training on the improvement of functional balance in women with type-I osteoporosis: A preliminary study. | This preliminary study aimed to investigate the effects of exergames in a virtual reality environment to improve functional balance during goal-directed functional tasks in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. |
36408532 | Tracheotomy in ventilator-dependent patients with COVID-19: a cross-sectional study of analgesia and sedative requirements. | During March 2020 in the United States, demand for sedatives increased by 91%, that for analgesics rose by 79%, and demand for neuromuscular blockers increased by 105%, all owing to the number of COVID-19 cases requiring invasive mechanical ventilation (MV). We hypothesize that analgesic and sedative requirements decrease following tracheotomy in this patient population. |
36408533 | Michelangelo's Presentations in the Sistine Chapel: Brain Evolution and the Relationship of the Brain to Specific Cognitive Functions. | Michelangelo Buonarroti (1475-1564) presented some of the most spectacular artworks of all times in frescos on the ceiling and behind the altar of the Sistine Chapel. While Michelangelo's presentations depict events described in the Bible, there is broad consensus that Michelangelo was conveying his knowledge and theoretical ideas gleaned from his experiences with anatomic dissection. Michelangelo appears to municated several ideas about the brain in the images of the |
36408534 | Clinical applications of 3D normal and breast cancer organoids: A review of concepts and methods. | While mouse models and two-dimensional (2D) cell culture systems have dominated as research tools for cancer biology, three-dimensional (3D) cultures have gained traction as a new approach that retains features of |
36408535 | Chemogenetic Signaling in Space and Time: Considerations for Designing Neuroscience Experiments Using DREADDs. | The use of designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) has led to significant advances in our understanding of the neural circuits that govern behavior. By allowing selective control over cellular activity and signaling, DREADDs have e an integral tool for defining the pathways and cellular phenotypes that regulate sleep, pain, motor activity, goal-directed behaviors, and a variety of other processes. In this review, we provide a brief overview of DREADDs and discuss notable discoveries in the neurosciences with an emphasis on circuit mechanisms. We then highlight methodological approaches to achieve pathway specific activation of DREADDs. Finally, we discuss spatial and temporal constraints of DREADDs signaling and how these features can be incorporated into experimental designs to precisely dissect circuits of interest. |
36408537 | Epidemiology and bacterial characteristics of invasive group B streptococcus disease: a population-based study in Japan in 2010-2020. | This is the first report on a population-based prospective study of invasive group B streptococcus (GBS) disease among children aged <15 years conducted over a period of 11 years in Japan. This study investigated the incidence and clinical manifestations of invasive GBS disease in children in Chiba Prefecture, Japan, and analysed the serotypes and drug susceptibility of GBS strains isolated during the study period. Overall, 127 episodes of invasive GBS disease were reported in 123 patients. Of these, 124 were observed in 120 patients aged <1 year, and the remaining three episodes were reported in a 9-year-old child and two 14-year-old children with underlying disease. For patients aged <1 year, the incidence rate per 1000 live births was 0.24 (0.15-0.36). The incidences of early-onset disease and late-onset disease were 0.04 (0.0-0.09) and 0.17 (0.08-0.25), respectively. The rate of meningitis was 45.2%, and the incidence of GBS meningitis was higher than that of other invasive diseases among children in Japan. Of the 109 patients for whom prognosis was available, 7 (6.4%) died and 21 (19.3%) had sequelae. In total, 68 strains were analysed. The mon were serotype III strains ( |
36408536 | Revascularization improves vascular hemodynamics - a study assessing cerebrovascular reserve and transit time in Moyamoya patients using MRI. | Cerebrovascular reserve (CVR) reflects the capacity of cerebral blood flow (CBF) to change. Decreased CVR implies poor hemodynamics and is linked to a higher risk for stroke. Revascularization has been shown to improve CBF in patients with vasculopathy such as Moyamoya disease. Dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) can measure transit time to evaluate patients suspected of stroke. Arterial spin labeling (ASL) is a non-invasive technique for CBF, CVR, and arterial transit time (ATT) measurements. Here, we investigate the change in hemodynamics 4-12 months after extracranial-to-intracranial direct bypass in 52 Moyamoya patients using ASL with single and multiple post-labeling delays (PLD). Images were collected using ASL and DSC with acetazolamide. CVR, CBF, ATT, and time-to-maximum (Tmax) were measured in different flow territories. Results showed that hemodynamics improved significantly in regions affected by arterial occlusions after revascularization. CVR increased by 16 ± 11% (p < 0.01) and 25 ± 13% (p < 0.01) for single- and multi-PLD ASL, respectively. Transit time measured by multi-PLD ASL and post-vasodilation DSC reduced by 13 ± 7% (p < 0.01) and 9 ± 5% (p < 0.01), respectively. For all regions, ATT correlated significantly with Tmax (R |
36408538 | Bile acids as carcinogens in the colon and at other sites in the gastrointestinal system. | Colon cancer incidence is associated with a high-fat diet. Such a diet is linked to elevated levels of bile acids in the gastrointestinal system and the circulation. Secondary bile acids are produced by microorganisms present at high concentrations in the colon. Recent prospective studies and a retrospective study in humans associate high circulating blood levels of secondary bile acids with increased risk of colon cancer. Feeding mice a diet containing a secondary bile acid, so their feces have the bile acid at a parable to that in the feces of humans on a high-fat diet, also causes colon cancer in the mice. Studies using human cells grown in culture illuminate some mechanisms by which bile acids cause cancer. In human cells, bile acids cause oxidative stress leading to oxidative DNA damage. Increased DNA damage increases the occurrence of mutations and epimutations, some of which provide a cellular growth advantage such as apoptosis resistance. Cells with such mutations/epimutations increase by natural selection. Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is a beneficial process that eliminates cells with unrepaired DNA damage, whereas apoptosis-resistant cells are able to survive DNA damage using inaccurate repair processes. This results in apoptosis-resistant cells having more frequent mutations/epimutations, some of which are carcinogenic. The experiments on cultured human cells have provided a basis for understanding at the molecular level the human studies that recently reported an association of bile acids with colon cancer, and the mouse studies showing directly that bile acids cause colon cancer. Similar, but more limited, findings of an association of dietary bile acids with other cancers of the gastrointestinal system suggest that understanding the role of bile acids in colon carcinogenesis may contribute to understanding carcinogenesis in other organs. |
36408539 | Wild-type and cancer-prone zebrafish exhibit distinct gut microbial diversity and differential anti-inflammatory response upon infection. | The study investigated the gut microbial diversity and the role of gut-associated microorganisms in modulating the immune responses in normal (wild-type) and TP53 |
36408540 | CRZ1 transcription factor is involved in cell survival, stress tolerance, and virulence in fungi. | The calcineurin-CRZ1 signaling pathway is conserved from yeasts to humans, and is involved in survival, tolerance to biotic and abiotic stress conditions, virulence, and drug resistance. The primary target of calcineurin is Crz1p in yeasts and nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) in mammals. Calcineurin regulates the expression of various genes involved in cell wall regeneration, ionic homeostasis, virulence, and other cellular processes. Another protein called regulator of calcineurin (RCN) also regulates calcineurin functions. This review discusses the structure, functions, and regulations of CRZ1 in fungi and related organisms. We have also discussed the role of CRZ1 in pathogenicity and virulence in fungi, plants, and animals. |
36408541 | OXPHOS deficiency induces mitochondrial DNA synthesis through non-canonical AMPK-dependent mRNA compartmentalization. | Eukaryotic cells contain multiple copies of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in discrete organelles or as tubular networks throughout the cytoplasm. The mtDNA copy number is dynamically regulated by mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy processes. However, the conditions regulating mtDNA replication, an ponent of biogenesis, are unknown. We observed that short-term (2 h) treatment of rat myoblasts with oligomycin, a specific inhibitor of the mitochondrial F1F0 ATP synthase, resulted in stimulation of mtDNA synthesis from the O |
36408542 | Absence of antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 N protein in COVID-19 vaccine breakthrough cases. | Understanding the risk factors for breakthrough coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (BC19) is critical to inform policy. Herein, we assessed Delta (Lineage B.1.617.2) variant-specific effectiveness of the BNT162b2 (Pfizer) vaccine and characterized Delta-driven BC19 cases (fully vaccinated individuals who get infected) with known-time-since-vaccination. In this longitudinal prospective study (January 21-October 30, 2021), 90 naïve and 15 convalescent individuals were enrolled at the initiation of vaccination. Samples from 27 unvaccinated individuals with previous laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis were collected at a single time point. Longitudinal serology profile (antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 [SARS-CoV-2] S and N proteins) and live-virus-based neutralization capacities were assessed while controlling for age. Sex, age, history of reactions to the COVID-19 vaccine, and viral neutralization capacities were identified as significant risk factors for breakthrough COVID-19. At 8 months postvaccination, male sex, individuals ⩾65 years of age, and individuals who experienced noticeable side effects with the COVID-19 vaccine were at 5.47 ( |
36408545 | Animal magnetism in Italy during the nineteenth century: the conflicting relationship with the Catholic Church. | This article explores the relationship between the Catholic Church and animal magnetism. At the beginning of the nineteenth century, the Catholic Church had first tried to stem the rise of animal magnetism in a vague manner, but after a few decades, it eventually put a genuine veto in place. This measure was founded upon the dangers to morality and faith arising from the progressive polarization of the original doctrine in forms related to esotericism. Among the causes of the condemnation by the Congregation of the Holy Office, the primary ones were the naturalist interpretation of the miracles described in the Gospels and in the New Testament, and the possibility of falling under the control of a demonic spirit. |
36408546 | Malaria therapy for general paralysis of the insane at the Sunbury Hospital for the Insane in Australia, 1925-6. | This paper, drawing on the published medical literature and unpublished medical record archives, provides an in-depth account of the introduction of malaria therapy for general paralysis of the insane into Australia in 1925-6, at Victoria's Sunbury Hospital for the Insane. This study reveals plex and ambiguous picture of the practice and therapeutic impact of malaria therapy in this local setting. This research highlights a number of factors which may have contributed to some physicians overestimating malaria therapy's effectiveness. It also shows that other physicians of the era held a more sceptical attitude towards malaria therapy. Finally, this paper discusses the relevance of this history to contemporary psychiatry. |
36408549 | Melancholia in late life in New South Wales and Victoria, Australia, 1871-1905: symptoms, behaviours and outcomes. | In the late nineteenth century, the prognosis of late-life melancholia was believed to be poor. The medical casebooks of 40 patients aged 60+years, admitted to two Hospitals for the Insane in New South Wales with melancholia between 1871 and 1905, were examined. Psychosis (87.5%), depressed mood (80%), suicidal behaviour (55%), physical ill health (55%), restlessness (50%) and fears of harm to self (50%) were identified. Main es were discharge (40%) and death (37.5%). Victoria's Kew Hospital patient register for 1872-88 revealed 669 melancholia admissions with 30 aged 60+. es worsened significantly with age (chi square = 16.19, |
36408551 | Professional dynamics of the forensic evaluation of mental states in eighteenth-century Denmark-Norway. | This study examines criminal cases related to blasphemy under the absolute monarchy of Denmark-Norway, and presents the evaluation of mental states within a forensic context between 1713 and 1733. First, the article explains how the legal framework and normative guidelines for pastoral care envisaged the interplay between judges, priests and doctors in evaluating mental states. Then, an examination of selected cases is provided, showing the dynamics and the role assignment in the evaluation of mental states in practice. Covering a period characterized by a gradual differentiation of theology, law and medicine, this case study enhances understanding of what preceded the development of psychiatry as a medical speciality during the nineteenth century. |
36408552 | Institutionalization of the insane in the Russian Baltic provinces: a case study of the Hospital for Mental and Nervous Diseases in Tartu, 1881-95. | This article studies the University of Tartu psychiatric hospital and its patient population in the Russian Baltic Province of Livonia in 1881-95, using the hospital's admission registry book as the primary source. Although it was a university clinic following the German academic tradition, both upper- and lower-class patients were admitted (25 and 75 per cent, respectively, of 2,184 hospitalizations), with a median stay of 70 days. Admission and length of stay often depended on a family's munity's financial capabilities. Considerably more men and unmarried patients were admitted, and 130 hospitalized women were diagnosed with female-specific illnesses. This study argues that gender and social class should be jointly analysed, as admission and discharge es are influenced by both factors simultaneously. |
36408553 | Psychiatric treatment of female mental patients in the Federated Malay States (FMS) of British-Malaya, 1930-57. | The British government in Malaya conducted treatment for women suffering mental illness in an effort to deal with the increasing number of cases in the Federated Malay States in 1930-57. This paper explores the role of mental asylums and society in contributing to methods of treatment during the twentieth century. |
36408555 | 'I have to-day seen all the 671 patients in residence in this institution': not listening to patients in the long 1920s. | In the 1920s, patients and former patients produced oral and written accounts of their mental hospital experiences. Many aimed to inform the public about the institutions and to improve standards of care, but their views were usually ignored. The assumption that mental disorders affected all aspects of a person's judgement, plus defensive and disparaging attitudes of hospital authorities and mittees of inquiry, contributed to this. Various other public agendas, financial crises and rising unemployment detracted from the needs of mentally unwell people. Small improvements in care materialized, but lay, professional and institutional cultures generally preserved the status quo. Regarding learning from patients' feedback, some hurdles encountered in the 1920s resonate with challenges in today's National Health Service. |
36408554 | 'Acquired idiotism', by Frederik Lange (1883). | The little-known writing by Frederik Lange translated in this Classic Text belongs to what can be called the prolegomenal history of the construction of the concept of schizophrenia. It describes one effort to capture the convergence of certain |
36408556 | Is graphene the rock upon which new era continuous glucose monitors could be built? | Diabetes mellitus' (DM) prevalence worldwide is estimated to be around 10% and is expected to rise over the next decades. Monitoring blood glucose levels aims to determine whether glucose targets are met to minimize the risk for the development of symptoms related to high or low blood sugar and avoid long-term plications. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGMs) systems emerged almost two decades ago and have revolutionized the way diabetes is managed. Especially in Type 1 DM, bination of a CGM with an insulin pump (known as a closed-loop system or artificial pancreas) allows an autonomous regulation of patients' insulin with minimal intervention from the user. However, there is still an unmet need for high accuracy, precision and repeatability of CGMs. Graphene was isolated in 2004 and found immediately fertile ground in various biomedical applications and devices due to its bination of properties including its high electrical conductivity. In the last decade, various graphene family nanomaterials have been exploited for the development of enzymatic and non-enzymatic biosensors to determine glucose in biological fluids, such as blood, sweat, and so on. Although great progress has been achieved in the field, several issues need to be addressed for graphene sensors to e a predominant material in the new era of CGMs. |
36408558 | Non-compliance with end-of-life parenteral nutrition prescription recommendations: retrospective study of 1,260 cancer patients. | Cancer patients near end of life (EOL) often suffer malnourishment and cachexia. In these patients, the prescription of parenteral nutrition (PN) remains highly controversial. Guidelines state that nutritional support does not improve quality of life in dying patients. We aimed to assess pliance with international mendations about PN prescription in advanced cancer, identify factors associated with PN at EOL and to evaluate the risk of blood stream infections (BSI). |
36408559 | Efficacy of treatments for pain and numbness in cancer survivors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | Pain and numbness in cancer survivors frequently have negative impacts on quality of life (QoL). This meta-analysis aimed to identify the current treatment options for pain and numbness in cancer survivors and to evaluate their effects. |
36408560 | Successful treatment with tigecycline of severe pandrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii pneumonia complicated with a diaphragmatic hernia: a case report. | Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) is one of the mon pathogens that cause hospital-acquired infections. In recent years, drug-resistant A. baumannii has e prevalent worldwide, and pandrug-resistant A. baumannii is increasingly being observed. However, treating pandrug-resistant A. baumannii is very difficult. |
36408564 | Transforming Nurse Self-Care Through Integration of Spirituality: Lessons From an International Collaboration in Palliative Care. | With growing evidence passion fatigue and burnout in health care, it is time for a deeper look at the vital practice of self-care among professionals providing palliative care. The purpose of this study was to provide insights into ways empowerment, caring for self, environment, and building relationships impact well-being among palliative care professionals. |
36408565 | A Bayesian adaptive design for clinical trials of rare efficacy outcomes with multiple definitions. | Bayesian adaptive designs for clinical trials have gained popularity in the recent years due to the flexibility and efficiency that they offer. We consider the scenario where the e of prises events with relatively low risk of occurrence and different case definitions resulting in varying control group risk assumptions. This is a scenario that occurs frequently for infectious diseases in global health research. |
36408566 | Early evidence on the mental health of Ukrainian civilian and professional combatants during the Russian invasion. | The ongoing Russian invasion of Ukraine has led many Ukrainians to fight for their country, either in the regular army or as civilian members of voluntary territorial defense forces. There is, however, a dearth of knowledge on the mental health batants in this conflict. Prior research on the mental health batants is unlikely to translate to the situation at hand because such research is focused batants fighting abroad and neglects batants. |
36408567 | Adverse effects of methylene blue in peripheral neurons: An | Methylene blue (MB) is an effective treatment for methemoglobinemia, ifosfamide-induced encephalopathy, cyanide poisoning, and refractory vasoplegia. However, clinical case reports and preclinical studies indicate potentially neurotoxic activity of MB at certain concentrations. The exact mechanisms of MB neurotoxicity are not known, and while the effects of MB on neuronal tissue from different brain regions and myenteric ganglia have been examined, its effects on primary afferent neurons from dorsal root ganglia (DRG) have not been studied. Mouse DRG were exposed to MB (0.3-10 μM) |
36408570 | [Systematic review on the effectiveness of cognitive multisensory rehabilitation]. | Cognitive multisensory rehabilitation (CMR) -a therapeutic approach to help recover movement using neurocognitive exercises- activates patient's perceptive and cognitive processes, key for motor learning. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the effectiveness of CMR on motor function and quality of life pare the findings with other rehabilitation approaches or no-intervention in neurological and trauma adult and pediatric patients. We carried out a systematic review of randomized controlled clinical trials, pilot studies, and case series in PubMed, PEDro, Cochrane Library, and the CINHAL Complete database published between 2012 and 2021. Ten studies met the eligibility criteria. CMR provides similar or superior pared to other types of approaches for the restoration of upper limb function, gait, balance, and quality of life in neurological and trauma patients. Further research with larger samples and higher methodological quality need to be developed to de-termine its long-term effectiveness. |
36408571 | [Pediatric genital lichen sclerosus: a case series of 11 girls]. | Genital lichen sclerosus decreases the quality of life of women; 10-15% of cases occur in prepubertal girls. |
36408572 | Intrathyroidal Thymic Carcinoma: A Retrospective Case Series Study. | Intrathyroidal thymic carcinoma (ITC) is a rare low-grade malignant thyroid tumor. There is neither sufficient understanding of this tumor nor its clinical treatment. This study is to explore the clinicopathological features, treatment, and prognosis of ITC and thereby provide a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. |
36408578 | We like it 'cause you take it: vicarious effects of approach/avoidance behaviours on observers. | We present five studies investigating the effects of approach and avoidance behaviours when individuals do not enact them but, instead, learn that others have performed them. In Experiment 1, when participants read that a fictitious character (model) had approached a previously unknown product, they ascribed to this model a liking for the object. In contrast, they ascribed to the model a disliking for the avoided product. In Experiment 2, this result emerged, with a smaller effect size, even when it was clear that the behaviours followed specific instructions from a third party. The model had been a mere executor instead of behaving autonomously. Finally, in Experiments 3, 4, and 5, we showed, with direct and indirect measures of attitudes, that reading that the model had approached vs avoided products was sufficient to create preferences in the participant for the approached one, regardless of whether it was explained that the model was a mere executor. This research highlights the largely unexplored effects of vicarious approach/avoidance behaviours. Theoretical and practical implications and possible developments of this line of research are discussed. |
36408569 | Calretinin Staining in Anorectal Line Biopsies Accurately Distinguished Hirschsprung Disease in a Retrospective Study. | The absence of submucosal ganglion cells does not reliably distinguish Hirschsprung disease from non Hirschsprung disease in anorectal line biopsies. Calretinin staining might be helpful in these biopsies. To determine its value, we analyzed calretinin positive mucosal neurites in anorectal line biopsies. |
36408582 | RNA-based drug discovery for spinal muscular atrophy: a story of small molecules and antisense oligonucleotides. | Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA), the second most prevalent autosomal genetic disease affecting infants, is caused by the lack of |
36408583 | Impact of diet on sensory processing in early childhood: summary of an interactive webconference / expert roundtable discussion. | Pediatric feeding disorders can be seen in up to 45% of normally developing children aged under 5 years old, mainly during the first three years of life when the child has inadequate food intake and/or difficulty maintaining adequate growth, and/or lack of age-appropriate eating habit. This article describes the opinion of a group of experts on children eating patterns and how to manage pediatric feeding disorders, with the aim to improve the quality of life of children and their caregivers. |
36408584 | Highly efficient electrocatalytic biomass valorization over a perovskite-derived nickel phosphide catalyst. | In this work, we successfully develop a binder-free phosphorus-engineered perovskite-based catalyst grown on nickel foam |
36408585 | Pharmacotherapeutic advances for chronic idiopathic constipation in adults. | Chronic idiopathic constipation is mon gastrointestinal disorder whose treatment is still far from being satisfactory for patients. Osmotic laxatives, in particular polyethylene glycol, are the first-line approach, but new emerging pharmacological agents may be useful in refractory patients. |
36408586 | The evolving therapeutic landscape of antibody-drug conjugates in breast cancer. | Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are a relatively new class of anti-cancer therapies approved for a number of malignancies, including breast cancer. Their unique structure, consisting of a monoclonal antibody connected via a linker to a toxic bines characteristics of both targeted therapy and chemotherapy. |
36408587 | A review of berotralstat for the treatment of hereditary angioedema. | Hereditary angioedema due to C1-inhibitor deficiency (C1-INH-HAE) imposes a significant disease burden on patients and their families. Unpredictable episodes of angioedema, which can lead to life-threatening conditions, have a significant impact on the quality of life of the patient. The fundamental aim of the treatment of C1-INH-HAE is to ensure that patients can lead a normal life. The most effective way to do this is to prevent the onset of angioedema attacks. |
36408588 | Nasogastric tube feeding under restraint: practical guidance for children's nurses. | The number of children and young people admitted to children's wards with an eating disorder has increased significantly since the start of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. In the most extreme cases, those with severe malnutrition may need to be fed via a nasogastric tube without their consent. Children's nurses working on hospital wards may therefore care for children and young people who need to receive nasogastric tube feeding under physical restraint. This article offers an overview of eating disorders and their detrimental effects as well as practical advice for children's nurses, supporting them to provide passionate and person-centred care to their patients. |
36408589 | Hydrophobic ion pairing-based self-emulsifying drug delivery systems: a new strategy for improving the therapeutic efficacy of water-soluble drugs. | Self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS) are formulations consisting of oil phase, emulsifiers, and co-emulsifiers, which can be spontaneously emulsified in the body to form O/W microemulsion. Traditionally, SEDDS are mercially for the improvement of oral absorption and |
36408590 | S-nitrosoglutathione modulates HDAC2 and BDNF levels in the brain and improves cognitive deficits in experimental model of Alzheimer's disease in rats. | Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder which is characterized by cognitive deficits and abnormal memory formation. Histone acetylation is essential for hippocampal memory formation and improving the cognitive deficits, and histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) is increased in the hippocampus of AD patients. The present study evaluated the effects of the nitric oxide (NO) mimetics, L-arginine and the nitrosothiol NO donor, s-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), on memory and brain HDAC2 levels in experimental animal model of sporadic Alzheimer's disease (sAD). |
36408591 | Retracted: Anticancer Activity of Phloretin Against Human Gastric Cancer Cell Lines Involves Apoptosis, Cell Cycle Arrest, and Inhibition of Cell Invasion and JNK Signalling Pathway. | This publication has been retracted by the Editor due to concerns regarding the originality of the figure images. Reference: Min Xu, Weiguang Gu, Zhou Shen, Fang Wang. Anticancer Activity of Phloretin Against Human Gastric Cancer Cell Lines Involves Apoptosis, Cell Cycle Arrest, and Inhibition of Cell Invasion and JNK Signalling Pathway. Med Sci Monit, 2018; 24: 6551-6558. DOI: 10.12659/MSM.910542. |
36408593 | Emerging drugs for the treatment of alopecia areata. | Alopecia Areata (AA) is the second mon non-scarring hair loss disorder, with a prevalence of 1 in 1000 and a lifetime incidence of 2% worldwide. Data from a recent American study shows that from 68,121 patients with the diagnosis of AA, 37,995 (55.8%) were prescribed treatment for AA within a year of diagnosis, however there are still no therapies able to induce permanent remission, or treatments that guarantee hair regrowth/remissions in 100% of cases, especially in longstanding/severe AA. Recently, oral baricitinib has been approved for AA, being the first drug approved for this specific indication. |
36408594 | Curcuminoids, a major turmeric component, have a sleep-enhancing effect by targeting the histamine H1 receptor. | Turmeric ( |
36408595 | A Retrospective Study of the Role of Perioperative Serum Albumin and the Albumin-Bilirubin Grade in Predicting Post-Liver Transplant Length of Stay. | Serum albumin's association with liver transplant es has been investigated with mixed findings. This study aimed to evaluate perioperative albumin level, independently and as part of the albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) grade, as a predictor of post-liver transplant hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay (LOS). |
36408596 | Errate: Effectiveness of Hydro-Dissection of the Piriformis Muscle Plus Low-Dose Local Anesthetic Injection for Piriformis Syndrome: A Report of 2 Cases. | The authors have discovered an error in their figures and have provided replacement figures which have been corrected. Specifically, the positions of "Lateral" and "Medial" were reversed, and the positions of "Ischium" and "Sacrum" were reversed. Additionally, the solid lines at the boundaries of each muscle and bone have been removed, and only the nerves have been marked with dotted lines, which is mon notation in ultrasound images. The authors would also like to add the following Acknowledgment: The authors are grateful to Tadashi Kobayashi and Yoshihiko Shiraishi for advising us on the accurate anatomy of ultrasound images. Reference: Mihiro Kaga, Takeshi Ueda. Effectiveness of Hydro-Dissection of the Piriformis Muscle Plus Low-Dose Local Anesthetic Injection for Piriformis Syndrome: A Report of 2 Cases. Am J Case Rep, 2022; 23: e935346. DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.935346. |
36408597 | An umbrella review of systematic reviews on contributory factors to medication errors in health-care settings. | Medication errors mon events promise patient safety and are prevalent in all health-care settings. This umbrella review aims to systematically evaluate the evidence on contributory factors to medication errors in health-care settings in terms of the nature of these factors, methodologies and theories used to identify and classify them, and the terminologies and definitions used to describe them. |
36408598 | Supramolecular hybrids of chiral Waugh polyoxometalate with cyclodextrins. | The development of novel systems for chiral polyoxometalates (POMs) is an attractive research field because of their fascinating topological structures and well-defined functions. Herein, we have developed a new reaction route for the synthesis of two unprecedented chiral Waugh POM-based supramolecular architectures. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction reveals that the architectures exhibit a wavy three-dimensional framework and bamboo-rod-connected framework upon regulating the size of the cyclodextrin and the stacking pattern of the |
36408599 | Approaches for the discovery of drugs that target K Na 1.1 channels in KCNT1-associated epilepsy. | There are approximately 70 million people with epilepsy and about 30% of patients are not satisfactorily treated. A link between gene mutations and epilepsy is well documented. A number of pathological variants of |
36408601 | Lung injury following cardiopulmonary bypass: a clinical update. | Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is an ponent of cardiac surgery; however, one of its most plications is acute lung injury induced by multiple factors including systemic inflammatory response. |
36408600 | Microstructure-regulated inverted pyramidal Si photocathodes for efficient hydrogen generation. | Black silicon electrodes with inverted pyramid arrays (SiIPs) are promising for efficient photoelectrochemical water splitting due to their excellent photoelectric properties and quasi-hydrophilicity. In this work, an elaborate study on microstructure regulation of SiIP photocathodes is reported. We find that on SiIPs where sidewalls have been processed with copper-assisted chemical etching (Cu-ACE), there are vast numbers of micro-pits distributed (deep holes and shallow grooves) that exactly determine electrode performance, which is a result of homogeneous Cu |
36408603 | Upadacitinib for moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis, in adults and adolescents 12 years and older: review of international and Japanese populations. | Atopic dermatitis is one of the most prevalent chronic skin diseases. Topical therapies continue to be the mainstay of treatment but are limited by pliance and side-effects from inappropriate or long-term use. Systemic therapies including cyclosporine and dupilumab have been the treatments of choice for refractory cases. However, es may remain less than satisfactory, and cyclosporine use is further limited by nephrotoxicity.Upadacitinib, an oral Janus kinase inhibitor, is widely used for treating rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis and has recently received approval for atopic dermatitis in the United States, Europe, Japan, and other countries. These approvals were based on results from several randomized controlled trials in which upadacitinib demonstrated better and faster response versus placebo or dupilumab. |
36408605 | Effect of regio- and stereoisomerism on antifouling 2,5-diketopiperazines. | Marine biofouling is a problem that plagues all maritime industries at vast economic and environmental cost. Previous and current methods to prevent biofouling have employed the use of heavy metals and other toxic or highly persistent chemicals, and these methods are ing under immense regulatory pressure. Recent studies have illustrated the potential of nature-inspired tetrasubstituted 2,5-diketopiperazines (2,5-DKPs) as eco-friendly marine biocides for biofouling control. These highly active symmetrically substituted 2,5-DKPs can be generated bining structural motifs from cationic innate defence peptides and natural marine antifoulants. A balance between a threshold hydrophobic contribution and sufficient cationic charge has been established as key for bioactivity, and our current study further increases understanding of the antifouling mechanism by investigating the effect of both regio- and stereochemistry. Novel synthetic routes for the generation of unsymmetrical 2,5-DKPs were developed and a library of pounds was prepared. pounds were screened against a series of four model macrofouling organisms ( |
36408604 | Therapeutic plasma exchange for myasthenia gravis, Guillain-Barre syndrome, and other immune-mediated neurological diseases, over a 40-year experience. | Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) was first used in neurology in the 1980s for myasthenia gravis (MG) and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). Indications have since grown. Fear plications with this treatment modality limit its use. |
36408608 | Dietary intervention in depression - a review. | Depression is a mental illness that affects the normal lives of over 300 million people. Unfortunately, about 30% to 40% of patients do not adequately respond to pharmacotherapy and other therapies. This review focuses on exploring the relationship between dietary nutrition and depression, aiming to find safer and efficient ingredients to alleviate depression. Diet can affect depression in numerous ways. These pathways include the regulation of tryptophan metabolism, inflammation, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, microbe-gut-brain axis, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and epigenetics. Furthermore, probiotics, micronutrients, and other active substances exhibit significant antidepressant effects by regulating the above pathways. These provide insights for developing antidepressant foods. |
36408609 | Standard Balloon Angioplasty Versus Serranator Serration Balloon Angioplasty for the Treatment of Below-the-Knee Artery Occlusive Disease: A Single-Center Subanalysis From the PRELUDE-BTK Prospective Study. | Endovascular interventions in infrapopliteal occlusive artery disease are ing plex, and this frequently tests the standard method of treatment, plain old balloon angioplasty (POBA). The potential that serration angioplasty could produce a more acceptable tibial artery lumen was assessed in this study. |
36408606 | Functional connectome stability and optimality are markers of cognitive performance. | Patterns of whole-brain fMRI functional connectivity, or connectomes, are unique to individuals. Previous work has identified subsets of functional connections within these patterns whose strength predicts aspects of attention and cognition. However, overall features of these connectomes, such as how stable they are over time and how similar they are to a group-average (typical) or high-performance (optimal) connectivity pattern, may also reflect cognitive and attentional abilities. Here, we test whether individuals who express more stable, typical, optimal, and distinctive patterns of functional connectivity perform better on cognitive tasks using data from three independent samples. We find that individuals with more stable task-based functional connectivity patterns perform better on attention and working memory tasks, even when controlling for behavioral performance stability. Additionally, we find initial evidence that individuals with more typical and optimal patterns of functional connectivity also perform better on these tasks. These results demonstrate that functional connectome stability within individuals and similarity across individuals predicts individual differences in cognition. |
36408602 | Incidence of colorectal cancer at different screening intervals after index colonoscopy and post-polypectomy: a meta-analysis of 811,181 participants. | To examine the evidence on the incidence of colorectal cancers (CRCs) at a follow-up screening colonoscopy (after index colonoscopy and post-polypectomy) in individuals with no adenoma, low-risk adenomas, and high-risk adenomas. |