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36408610
Recent advances in responsive antibacterial materials: design and application scenarios.
Bacterial infection is one of the leading causes of death globally, although modern medicine has made considerable strides in the past century. As traditional antibiotics are suffering from the emergence of drug resistance, new antibacterial strategies are of great interest. Responsive materials are appealing alternatives that have shown great potential bating resistant bacteria and avoiding the side effects of traditional antibiotics. In this review, the responsive antibacterial materials are introduced in terms of stimulus signals including intrinsic (pH, enzyme, ROS,
36408611
Chain structure and β conformation of poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene) (PFO) with different molecular weights delivering from the solution to the film in a drop-casting process.
Over the last decade, considerable attention has been paid to the formation mechanism of the ordered β conformation for PFO both in the solution and film to prepare high-efficiency optoelectronic devices. However, the process of solvent evaporation and aggregates transferred from the solution to the film also play key roles in forming ordered structures, which have been neglected. In this study, the influence of molecular weight on the above process was systematically studied using techniques such as SLS/DLS, UV-Vis, PL, and TEM. Five samples with different
36408607
Human Cytomegalovirus Infection of Epithelial Cells Increases SARS-CoV-2 Superinfection by Upregulating the ACE2 Receptor.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has caused widespread morbidity and mortality since its onset in late 2019. Here, we demonstrate that prior infection with human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) substantially increases infection with SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. HCMV is mon herpesvirus carried by 40%-100% of the population, which can reactivate in the lung under inflammatory conditions, such as those resulting from SARS-CoV-2 infection. We show in both endothelial and epithelial cell types that HCMV infection upregulates ACE2, the SARS-CoV-2 cell entry receptor. These observations suggest that HCMV reactivation events in the lung of healthy HCMV carriers could exacerbate SARS-CoV-2 infection and subsequent COVID-19 symptoms. This effect could contribute to the disparity of disease severity seen in ethnic minorities and those with lower socioeconomic status, due to their higher CMV seroprevalence. Our results warrant further clinical investigation as to whether HCMV infection influences the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2.
36408613
Understanding the role of genomics in nursing practice.
Genomic testing can support the identification of abnormalities and developmental changes in patients' genes. Advances in technology and national infrastructure have led to increased access to genomic testing that can inform decisions about patient care. Care pathways are ing increasingly personalised based on genomic information and nursing practice has evolved in line with these developments. All nurses should have sufficient knowledge about genomics to perform their role effectively. This article aims to enhance nurses' understanding of genomics and explains its benefits in healthcare practice.
36408612
Circulating miRNAs Respond to Denosumab Treatment After 2 Years in Postmenopausal Women With Osteoporosis-the MiDeTe study.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs)-short, single-stranded, noncoding RNAs-regulate several biological processes, including bone metabolism.
36408614
Takotsubo syndrome in a patient with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with pembrolizumab plus axitinib.
We report the case of a patient with metastatic renal cell carcinoma who developed Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) 6 days after starting pembrolizumab plus axitinib as first-line treatment. Coronary angiogram was negative for obstructive coronary artery disease and echocardiogram revealed a depressed left ventricular ejection fraction with apical akinesis. Axitinib was discontinued and myocardial contractile function fully recovered 23 days after the initial presentation. The treatment was safely resumed and granted a partial response of disease. A literature review regarding TTS in patients receiving VEGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors and/or immune checkpoint inhibitors was performed. TTS is reported as a rare adverse event and the possible causal relationship between TTS and antineoplastic therapy is still unclear. Further research is warranted to better understand cardiotoxicity mechanisms and their management.
36408616
Use of Whole-Genome Sequencing to Estimate the Contribution of Immune Evasion and Waning Immunity on Decreasing COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness.
The impact variant-specific immune evasion and waning protection have on declining coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine effectiveness (VE) remains unclear. Using whole-genome sequencing (WGS), we examined the contribution these factors had on the decline that followed the introduction of the Delta variant. Furthermore, we evaluated calendar-period-based classification as a WGS alternative.
36408617
Preoperative ultrasound-guided bilateral thoracic erector spinae plane block within an enhanced recovery program is associated with decreased intraoperative lactate levels in cardiac surgery.
In the perioperative period, regional analgesia techniques may play an increasingly important role in "Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS)" programs, as they can facilitate recovery. We hypothesized that Erector Spinae Plane (ESP) block could improve regional perfusion, thereby limiting blood lactate increase. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the effect of ESP block on intraoperative blood lactate levels in patients scheduled for elective on-pump cardiac surgery with ERAS protocol.
36408618
One- and Two-Dose Vaccinations With Modified Vaccinia Ankara-Bavarian Nordic Induce Durable B-Cell Memory Responses Comparable to Replicating Smallpox Vaccines.
Although modified vaccinia Ankara-Bavarian Nordic (MVA-BN) vaccination is approved for smallpox and monkeypox prevention, immunological persistence and booster effects remain undescribed.
36408619
[The use of telemedicine with frail elderly patients in the Netherlands - experience of caregivers in an outpatient setting].
The use of telemedicine (telephone and video consultations) has increased over the past decades and has grown substantially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Multimorbidity, visual - and hearing impairment, cognitive impairment and lack of technical skills plicate the use of telemedicine in frail elderly patients. Limited research on this topic is has been performed. The aim of this article is to investigate which elements of care could be performed by telemedicine and what patient characteristics are useful in selecting patients for telemedicine. To get more information about the use of telemedicine in frail elderly patients, an online survey was conducted amongst caregivers working in geriatric outpatient care departments in the Netherlands. 67 pleted the survey. The results indicate there is limited experience in video consultations in this population. The experience so far is mainly positive. Caregivers indicate the following elements of care could be performed by telemedicine: follow-up consultations, taking an (hetero)anamnesis, medication review, conversations with multiple contacts or caregivers and informing about test results. Our advice is to decide in dialogue with patient and caregiver, which form of consultation is feasible, desirable and appropriate for every individual process and consultation.
36408622
[Alcohol in nursing homes.]
A part of the residents of nursing homes drink alcohol. This regularly leads to moral questions and discussions. An explorative qualitative study has been done to gather insight into the experiences and views of residents and staff regarding alcohol consumption in nursing homes. Aim of this publication was to support care professionals in nursing homes to deal with moral challenges related to alcohol consumption. With interviews and a focus group with residents and staff, experiences, values and moral dilemmas were collected. While residents viewed alcohol consumption as a private matter, opinions of staff were not uniform. Staff is confronted with various moral questions based on different values, such as Respect for Autonomy, Quality of Life, Authenticity and (collective) Safety. This study advises staff to use the value scheme in case of concrete moral questions as a tool to careful analyse which values and norms are at stake and balance what could be an appropriate response.
36408623
[Do community-dwelling Dutch older adults receive the care that they need?]
Background Aged care homes have been substituted by homecare to reduce the increasing Dutch healthcare costs. Ageing in place has led to a growing demand on formal and informal caregivers. The aim of this study was to examine: 1) the trends in formal and informal care, 2) whether care needs munity-living older adults are met, and 3) the association between care needs and quality of life (QoL). Methods Baseline data were used from 'The Older Persons and Informal Caregivers Survey - Minimum DataSet', bines 54 studies conducted in 2008-2014. 12,735 participants met the inclusion criteria (age ≥65 years, living independently, needing assistance with washing, dressing, medication or household chores). Proportions of participants receiving formal or informal care were reported and associations with QoL were examined using ordinal (self-rated QoL) and linear (EQ-5D) regression. Results Formal care decreased from 75% to 63% and informal care increased from 16% to 28% between 2009 and 2013 (P < .001). Approximately one in four participants received no formal or informal care. Receiving no formal care was associated with a better QoL (self-rated QoL OR=1.39, CI=[1.251-1.544]; EQ-5D regression coefficient=0.038 CI=[0.023-0.053]). Conclusion The shift from formal to informal care together with the unmet care needs munity-living older adults in the Netherlands underlines the need for more support and a higher demand on informal caregivers.
36408625
Antiresorptive Medication Use Is not Associated With Acute Cardiovascular Risk: An Observational Study.
Bisphosphonates have been reported to be cardioprotective in some, but not all, studies. It is unknown whether denosumab (Dmab) use protects against cardiovascular events (CVEs).
36408626
Placenta-derived extracellular vesicles from preeclamptic and healthy pregnancies impair ex vivo vascular endothelial function.
Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy syndrome characterized by new-onset hypertension and end-organ dysfunction. The pathophysiology of PE remains undetermined, but it is thought that maternal vascular dysfunction plays a central role, potentially due, in part, to the release of syncytiotrophoblast-derived extracellular vesicles (STBEVs) into the maternal circulation by a dysfunctional placenta. STBEVs from normal pregnancies (NP) impair vascular function, but the effect of PE STBEVs (known to differ position with elevated circulating levels) on vascular function are not known. We hypothesized that PE STBEVs have more detrimental effects on vascular pared with NP STBEVs. STBEVs were collected by perfusion of placentas from women with NP or PE. Mesenteric arteries from pregnant rats were incubated overnight with NP or PE STBEVs, and vascular function was assessed by wire myography. NP and PE STBEVs impaired endothelial function, partially by reducing nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. Incubation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells with NP and PE STBEVs increased nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cell (NF-κB) activation, reactive oxygen species, nitrotyrosine levels, and reduced NO levels. However, PE STBEVs increased NF-κB activation and nitrotyrosine levels to a lesser extent than NP STBEVs. Taken together, no greater impact of PE pared with NP STBEVs on endothelial function was found. However, the impaired vascular function by PE STBEVs and increased levels of STBEVs in PE suggest PE STBEVs may contribute to maternal vascular dysfunction in PE. Our study further expands on the potential mechanisms that lead to adverse es in PE and provides potential targets for future interventions.
36408627
Palladium-catalyzed interannular C-H amination of biaryl amines.
A palladium-catalyzed interannular C-H amination of biaryl amines with
36408628
Spasticity Management Teams, Evaluations, and Tools: A Canadian Cross-Sectional Survey.
The objective of this study is to determine the physical evaluations and assessment tools used by a group of Canadian healthcare professionals treating adults with spasticity.
36408630
Altered development of structural MRI connectome hubs at near-term age in very and moderately preterm infants.
Preterm infants may exhibit altered developmental patterns of the brain structural network by endogenous and exogenous stimuli, which are quantifiable through hub and modular network topologies that develop in the third trimester. Although preterm brain networks pensate for white matter microstructural abnormalities of core connections, less is known about how the network developmental characteristics of preterm infants differ from those of full-term infants. We identified 13 hubs and 4 modules and revealed subtle differences in edgewise connectivity and local network properties between 134 preterm and 76 full-term infants, identifying specific developmental patterns of the brain structural network in preterm infants. The modules of preterm infants showed an position. The edgewise connectivity in preterm infants showed significantly decreased long- and short-range connections and local network properties in the dorsal superior frontal gyrus. In contrast, the fusiform gyrus and several nonhub regions showed significantly increased wiring of short-range connections and local network properties. Our results suggested that decreased local network in the frontal lobe and excessive development in the occipital lobe may contribute to the understanding of brain developmental deviances in preterm infants.
36408631
Factors Associated With Vaccine-Induced T-Cell Immune Responses Against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in Kidney Transplant Recipients.
Vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an important prophylactic measure in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs), but the immune response is often impaired. Here, we examined the T-cell immune response against SARS-CoV-2 in 148 KTRs after 3 or 4 vaccine doses, including 35 KTRs with subsequent SARS-CoV-2 infection. The frequency of spike-specific T cells was lower in KTRs than in petent controls and was correlated with the level of spike-specific antibodies. Positive predictors for detection of vaccine-induced T cells were detection of spike-specific antibodies, heterologous immunization with messenger RNA and a vector vaccine, and longer time after transplantation. In vaccinated KTRs with subsequent SARS-CoV-2 infection, the T-cell response was greatly enhanced and was significantly higher than in vaccinated KTRs without SARS-CoV-2 infection. Overall, the data show a correlation between impaired humoral and T-cell immunity to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and provide evidence for greater robustness of hybrid immunity in KTRs.
36408632
Prevalence of Parvovirus B19 Viremia Among German Blood Donations and the Relationship to ABO and Rhesus Blood Group Antigens.
Asymptomatic blood donors can transmit human parvovirus B19 (B19V).
36408633
Adjusting the water-sensitivity of sugar/boronate-based organogels.
During the investigation of the water-sensitivity of (arylboronate alkylglucoside)-based organogels, we evaluated a series of twelve potential organogelators. They were synthesised in a single step from the corresponding arylboronic acids and alkylglucosides. Eight of them showed organogelation abilities in three solvents (toluene, cyclohexane, and ethyl myristate). Conformational minimisations of the potential organogelators permitted a clear relationship between the arylboronate orientation and the gelation effectiveness to be established. These gels were characterised by rheometry and SEM which revealed a gel-state originating from the self-assembly of the organogelators into long entangled fibres. SAXS confirmed the mode of packing in a hexagonal phase. Gels in toluene were found to be water-sensitive both after addition of a small amount of water and immersion into water. This study demonstrated that the main parameter impacting the water-sensitivity was the length of the alkyl chain at the anomeric position of the glucoside unit, much more than the functionalisation of an arylboronate moiety.
36408629
Triggers of Change in Sexual Behavior Among People With HIV: The Swiss U U Statement and COVID-19 Compared.
We assessed changes in sexual behavior among people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) over 20 years. Condom use with stable partners steadily declined from over 90 to 29 since the Swiss U U statement, with similar trajectories between men who have sex with men (MSM) and heterosexuals. Occasional partnership remained higher among pared to heterosexuals even during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) social distancing.
36408634
The association of arterial stiffness index with cerebrovascular and cardiometabolic disease: A Mendelian randomization study.
Arterial stiffness index (ASI) is a potential risk factor for cerebrovascular and cardiometabolic diseases, but the causal links between them are inconclusive. The aim is to evaluate the causal effects of ASI on cerebrovascular and cardiometabolic diseases by Mendelian randomization (MR).
36408635
Modifiable risk factors for intracranial aneurysms: Evidence from genetic studies.
Intracranial aneurysm (IA) is a crucial health concern with limited strategies for prevention and treatment.
36408637
Coming Together: Synthesizing Sex Therapy with Integrative Behavioral Couple Therapy.
The fields of couple therapy and sex therapy have historically been divided, with sex therapists focusing on sexual problems as fuel for relationship distress and couple therapists conceptualizing relationship distress as the root of sexual problems. Various researchers and clinicians have worked to integrate the two worlds by offering strategies for integrating sex therapy interventions into couple therapy, either by providing just the information necessary to address the sexual difficulty or by articulating how to utilize a sex therapy intervention within a specific couple therapy modality. However, limited literature exists that truly integrates sex therapy with specific couple therapies, actively accounting for the theoretical lenses held by both. This paper explores the conceptual fit between Integrative Behavioral Couple Therapy (IBCT; Christensen, Doss, & Jacobson,
36408639
Ultrasound-guided percutaneous peripheral nerve stimulation for chronic refractory neuropathic pain: a unique series.
During the last two decades, with the advent of recent technology, peripheral nerve stimulation has e an appealing modality at the forefront of pain management. In this case series, we document the clinical rationale and technical considerations on three of the most challenging cases, refractory to previous interventions, that were treated by our team with an ultrasound-guided percutaneous peripheral nerve stimulator targeting the musculocutaneous, bilateral greater occipital and subcostal nerves. At the 6-month follow-up, all patients experienced greater than 50% relief of baseline pain, with a plete resolution of pain exacerbations. Furthermore, to our knowledge, this is the first report of an ultrasound-guided percutaneous technique of a peripheral nerve stimulator targeting the musculocutaneous and subcostal nerves.
36408640
Heart failure in a newborn with tetralogy of Fallot: uncommon association of a common anomaly.
Heart failure in tetralogy of Fallot in the newborn period is rare and is usually due to either large aortopulmonary collaterals or absent pulmonary valve syndrome with severe pulmonary regurgitation. Pink tetralogy of Fallot and tetralogy of Fallot with disconnected pulmonary arteries from the aorta may present beyond the newborn period with heart failure when Pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) falls. We describe the diagnostic and therapeutic pathway in a rare case of heart failure in newborn with tetralogy of Fallot.
36408638
Development of neonatal brain functional centrality and alterations associated with preterm birth.
Formation of the functional connectome in early life underpins future learning and behavior. However, our understanding of how the functional organization of brain regions into interconnected hubs (centrality) matures in the early postnatal period is limited, especially in response to factors associated with adverse neurodevelopmental es such as preterm birth. We characterized voxel-wise functional centrality (weighted degree) in 366 neonates from the Developing Human Connectome Project. We tested the hypothesis that functional centrality matures with age at scan in term-born babies and is disrupted by preterm birth. Finally, we asked whether neonatal functional centrality predicts general neurodevelopmental es at 18 months. We report an age-related increase in functional centrality predominantly within visual regions and a decrease within the motor and auditory regions in term-born infants. Preterm-born infants scanned at term equivalent age had higher functional centrality predominantly within visual regions and lower measures in motor regions. Functional centrality was not related to e at 18 months old. Thus, preterm birth appears to affect functional centrality in regions undergoing substantial development during the perinatal period. Our work raises the question of whether these alterations are adaptive or disruptive and whether they predict neurodevelopmental characteristics that are more subtle or emerge later in life.
36408641
Children's syntax is supported by the maturation of BA44 at 4 years, but of the posterior STS at 3 years of age.
Within the first years of life, children learn major aspects of their native language. However, the ability to plex sentence structures, a core faculty in human language called syntax, emerges only slowly. A milestone in syntax acquisition is reached around the age of 4 years, when children learn a variety of syntactic concepts. Here, we ask which maturational changes in the child's brain underlie the emergence of plex sentence processing around this critical age. We relate markers of cortical brain maturation to 3- and 4-year-olds' sentence processing in contrast to other language abilities. Our results show that distinct cortical brain areas support sentence processing in the two age groups. Sentence production abilities at 3 years were associated with increased surface area in the most posterior part of the left superior temporal sulcus, whereas 4-year-olds showed an association with cortical thickness in the left posterior part of Broca's area, i.e. BA44. The present findings suggest that sentence processing abilities rely on the maturation of distinct cortical regions in pared to 4-year-olds. The observed shift to more mature regions involved in processing plex sentences may underlie behavioral milestones in syntax acquisition at around 4 years.
36408642
Persistent left superior vena cava draining into the unroofed coronary sinus in a patient with tetralogy of Fallot and coronary sinus orifice atresia.
In this study, we present a case of directing persistent left superior vena cava drainage into the unroofed coronary sinus to the right atrium in a patient with tetralogy of Fallot and coronary sinus orifice atresia without innominate vein.
36408643
Effects of hypertension and aging on brain function in spontaneously hypertensive rats: a longitudinal resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study.
To investigate the dynamic evolution of brain function under orbidities of hypertension and aging. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans were longitudinally acquired at 10, 24, and 52 weeks in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and Wistar-Kyoto rats. puted the mean amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (mALFF), mean regional homogeneity (mReHo), and functional connectivity (FC). There was no interaction between hypertension and aging on brain function. The main effect of aging reflects primarily the cumulative increase of brain activity, especially the increase of mALFF in amygdala and mReHo in cingulate cortex, panied by the decrease of brain activity. The main effect of hypertension reflects primarily decreased brain activity in default modal network, panied by increased brain activity. The main effect of aging shows reduced brain FC as early as 24 weeks, and the main effect of hypertension shows higher brain FC in SHRs. The novel discovery is that 1 brain FC network increased linearly with age in SHRs, in addition to the linearly decreasing FC. Hypertension and aging independently contribute to spatiotemporal alterations in brain function in SHRs following ongoing progression pensation. This study provides new insight into the dynamic characteristics of brain function.
36408644
Myocardial perfusion and function dichotomy in growth restricted preterm infants.
Compared to preterm appropriate for gestational age (AGA) fetuses, fetuses with fetal growth restriction (FGR) have earlier visualisation of coronary artery blood flow (CABF) but impaired cardiac function. This dichotomy remains uncharacterised during postnatal life. This pared CABF and cardiac function in preterm FGR infants, against AGA infants during the postnatal period. FGR was defined as birthweight < 10
36408645
The dynamics of cortical interactions in visual recognition of object category: living versus nonliving.
Noninvasive brain imaging studies have shown that higher visual processing of objects occurs in neural populations that are separable along broad semantic categories, particularly living versus nonliving objects. However, because of their limited temporal resolution, these studies have not been able to determine whether broad semantic categories are also reflected in the dynamics of neural interactions within cortical networks. We investigated the time course of neural propagation among cortical areas activated during object naming in 12 patients implanted with subdural electrode grids prior to epilepsy surgery, with a special focus on the visual recognition phase of the task. Analysis of event-related causality revealed significantly stronger neural propagation among sites within ventral temporal lobe (VTL) at early latencies, around 250 ms, for living pared to nonliving objects. Differences in other features, including familiarity, plexity, and age of acquisition, did not significantly change the patterns of neural propagation. Our findings suggest that the visual processing of living objects relies on stronger causal interactions among sites within VTL, perhaps reflecting greater integration of visual feature processing. In turn, this may help explain the fragility of naming living objects in neurological diseases affecting VTL.
36408646
Are cosmetics based on alpha hydroxy acids safe to use when purchased over the internet?
Alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs) are used in dermatology for topical treatment of skin disorders. Some regulatory bodies, including Food and Drug Administration (FDA), mended labeling cosmetic products with sunburn alerts and proposed limitations regarding concentrations of AHAs in cosmetic products. In addition, The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel mended 10% of AHAs in products as the maximal safe concentration. With a rapidly increasing trend of online purchasing of cosmetic products, it is important that their labels convey the necessary warnings and that they be harmonized with regulatory bodies regarding the mended concentrations of AHAs. The aim of this report was to investigate whether or not the sunburn alert, as well as AHA mendations mostly used for exfoliating cosmetic products, was visible to consumers during the online purchasing. pliance with FDA and CIR Expert Panel standards was analyzed in the first 50 cosmetic products obtained after the conducted investigation on the pany website using the search term "AHA anti-aging." It was found that exfoliating cosmetic products contained AHAs in a broad range of concentrations, from 2.5 up to 70%. Nineteen out of 50 products contained a concentration of AHAs greater than mended. Twelve products did not contain any data at all regarding the concentration of AHAs. Sunburn alerts were present in 16 out of 50 analyzed product pages. In conclusion, more efforts should be made in providing users with information and the necessity of protection from plications after topical AHAs product treatments.
36408647
Corneal tissue changes following short-term soft contact lens wear of different materials.
To study the effect of different soft contact lens (CL) materials during short-term wear on corneal tissue.
36408648
Distinct inflammation-related proteins associated with T cell immune recovery during chronic HIV-1 infection.
Chronic inflammation and T cell dysregulation persist in individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), even after successful antiretroviral treatment. The mechanism involved is not fully understood. Here, we used Olink proteomics prehensively analyze the aberrant inflammation-related proteins (IRPs) in chronic HIV-1-infected individuals, including in 24 treatment-naïve individuals, 33 immunological responders, and 38 immunological non-responders. T cell dysfunction was evaluated as T cell exhaustion, activation, and differentiation using flow cytometry. We identified a cluster of IRPs (cluster 7), including CXCL11, CXCL9, TNF, CXCL10, and IL18, which was closely associated with T cell dysregulation during chronic HIV-1 infection. Interestingly, IRPs in cluster 5, including ST1A1, CASP8, SIRT2, AXIN1, STAMBP, CD40, and IL7, were negatively correlated with the HIV-1 reservoir size. We also identified bination of CDCP1, CXCL11, CST5, SLAMF1, TRANCE, and CD5, which may be useful for distinguishing immunological responders and immunological non-responders. In conclusion, the distinct inflammatory milieu is closely associated with immune restoration of T cells, and our results provide insight into immune dysregulation during chronic HIV-1 infection.
36408650
[An appropriate approach to loneliness: A translation of empirical data into practice].
We describe three subgroups of older lonely people (Persona), and design different approaches to loneliness that directly address their specific needs and circumstances: bination approach. The use of Persona is a middle ground between 'one approach appropriate for all' and 'each person's own approach'. A Persona is described using various risk factors for loneliness. These are advanced age, living alone, small network, low perceived control, and low e. Based on this, we explore the potential effect of improving some of these situations for reducing loneliness (Cohen's d ranges between -0.33 and -0.58). For two approaches we report what the realized effect was (d=-0.83 in both interventions). The three Persona and the approaches are examples that designers of a loneliness approach can use by analogy to elaborate and substantiate their approach.
36408649
[Consequences of the COVID-19 measures for wellbeing aspects of long-term care residents].
To examine the impact of COVID-19 measures on residents of long-term care institutions, two surveys were conducted in the spring of 2020. Leontjevas et al. (study 1) inventoried practitioners' opinions, Van der Roest et al. (study 2) opinions of care workers, family, and residents without severe cognitive impairments. This article describes bined results on social interaction and loneliness, challenging behaviour and mood, and lessons learned. In study 1, an online survey distributed to nursing home psychologists, they were asked plete it anonymously and share the link with their fellow elderly care physicians and nurse specialists. 16 participants were then interviewed via video calling. In study 2, three hundred and fifty-seven care organizations were invited to recruit residents without severe cognitive impairments, family members and care workers for participating in a digital, anonymous survey (Study 2). pleted surveys of 323 practitioners (study 1) and 193 residents, 1609 family members and 811 employees (study 2) were included in the analyses. Social contacts of residents had changed in frequency and pared to before the COVID-measures. Many residents experienced some loneliness during the visit ban, especially residents without cognitive impairments. There were both an increase and a decrease in challenging behaviour and affect. Several strategies used to reduce the effects of COVID-19 measures on well-being, were considered maintainable. Our studies confirmed a major impact of the COVID-19 measures on the wellbeing of long-term care residents, but also showed successful strategies of practitioners that can benefit future practice.
36408654
[Sharing informal care: What are the considerations?]
Due to social, political, and demographic developments in Dutch healthcare, the pressure on informal carers of vulnerable, senior citizens living at home continues to increase. To relieve this pressure, people in the senior citizens' social network are looking for ways to share care tasks with others. However, many informal caregivers seem to experience a threshold in this respect. This pilot study focuses on understanding the considerations involved in sharing caregiving tasks with others. Therefore, semi-structured interviews were conducted with six informal caregivers of single, senior citizens living at home. This study shows that these considerations are characterised by a relationship between informal caregivers' workload, their shyness to ask others for help, and the perception of care recipients' bined with informal caregivers' natural inclination to do it themselves. Feelings of being responsible for the care and behaviour of care recipients, and the choices that must be made for them seem to play an additional role. To develop adequate solutions that lead to sharing informal care with others, and relieving the pressure on informal caregivers, more insight into the (personal) mechanisms behind this sense of responsibility seems necessary.
36408657
Comparison of fiber reinforcing methods of composite resin: A flexural strength and stereo microscopy study.
This study aimed pare the effect of fiber reinforcing methods on the flexural strength and failure modes of posite resins. Based on the reinforcement methods, the bar specimens (3 × 3 × 25 mm) were divided into five groups (n = 20). Glass or polyethylene fibers were used for reinforcement of posite resins. Fibers were either light polymerized and mixed with posite resin or mixed with posite resin after resin application and polymerized together. posite resin without fiber reinforcement was used as control. All five types of specimens were stored in distilled water at 37°C for 24 h. Half of the specimens were additionally thermocycled. Then the specimens were tested in a three-point bending test. Failure types were examined and categorized by using stereo microscope. The data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD test. Flexural strength was found to be significantly higher for fiber-reinforced indirect posites than control. However, the fiber-reinforced groups did not present any significant difference. Analysis revealed aging does not affect the flexure strength of fiber reinforcement of posite resin. The study concluded that the flexure strength of posite resins was improved with fiber reinforcement. Different fiber reinforcement methods demonstrated similar effects on the flexure strength of posite resin. Reinforcement with glass or polyethylene fibers presented the potential to improve the mechanical properties of posite resins. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Flexural strength of posite resins are affected by the reinforcement posites with glass or polyethylene fibers. Aging with thermocycling has no effect on the flexural strength of the posite resins, however can cause catastrophic failures in material.
36408658
The Effect of a Physical Activity Program Using WhatsApp on Adolescents' Exercise Behavior.
This study aims to demonstrate the effect of a transtheoretical model (TTM)-based physical activity program on the exercise behavior of adolescents using WhatsApp. The study was conducted with high school students (
36408659
Alternative Service Methods Associated With Increased Participation in the School Breakfast Program.
School breakfast programs (SBP) play an important role in reducing food insecurity and helping provide children with adequate nutrition. Using alternative service methods such as breakfast in the classroom, grab and go, and second chance breakfast may increase student participation.
36408660
Shifting risk-stratified early prostate cancer detection to a primary healthcare setting.
To evaluate the feasibility of multivariable risk stratification for early prostate cancer (PCa) detection in a primary healthcare diagnostic facility with regard to its effects on the referral rate and subsequent PCa pared to a PSA threshold of 3.0 ng/mL as the current referral indicator.
36408661
Sex Influence on Fenestrated and Branched Endovascular Aortic Aneurysm Repair: Outcomes From a National Multicenter Registry.
Women are generally underrepresented in trials focusing on aortic aneurysm. Nevertheless, sex-related differences have recently emerged from several studies and registries. The aim of this research was to assess whether sex-related anatomical disparities existed in fenestrated and branched aortic repair candidates and whether these discrepancies could influence endovascular repair es.
36408662
Applicability of the Zwolle score for selection of very high-risk ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients treated with primary angioplasty.
The Zwolle risk score was designed to stratify in-hospital mortality risk of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) and for decision-making in the unit where patients are admitted. We assessed the accuracy of Zwolle risk score for in-hospital mortality pared with the GRACE score in all patients (n = 4446) admitted for STEMI in 3 university hospitals. Only one fourth of the patients were classified as high-risk by the Zwolle risk score
36408663
3D differential interference contrast microscopy using polarisation-sensitive tomographic diffraction microscopy.
Tomographic diffraction microscopy (TDM) is a generalisation of digital holographic microscopy (DHM), for which the illumination angle onto the sample is fully controlled, which has e a tool of choice for 3D, high-resolution imaging of unlabelled samples. TDM makes it possible to obtain the optical field in both amplitude and phase for each illumination angle. Proper information reallocation eventually allows for 3D reconstruction of plex refractive index map. On the other hand, polarisation array sensors (PAS) paves new way for TDM, as vectorial information assessment about the investigated sample. In this contribution, we show an alternative use of this polarisation information based on the phase sensitive nature of TDM. Here, we demonstrated that TDM coupled with PAS can lead to a 3D differential interference contrast (DIC) microscope with almost no experimental configuration modification.
36408664
A calibration-free approach to detecting microRNA with DNA-modified gold coated magnetic nanoparticles as dispersible electrodes.
Gold coated magnetic nanoparticles (Au@MNPs), modified with DNA sequences give dispersible electrodes that can detect ultralow amounts of microRNAs and other nucleic acids but, as with most other sensors, they require calibration. Herein we show how to adapt a calibration free approach for electrochemical aptamer-based sensors on bulk electrodes to microRNA (miR-21) detection with methylene blue terminated DNA modified Au@MNPs. The electrochemical square wave voltammetry signal from the DNA-Au@MNPs when collected at a bulk electrode under magnetic control, decreases upon capture of miR-21. We show that the square wave voltammogram has concentration dependent and independent frequencies that can be used to give a calibration free signal.
36408665
Evaluation of the impact of hydrogen-rich water on the quality attribute notes of butter.
The effects of washing raw butter with hydrogen-rich water (HRW), prepared with hydrogen (H
36408666
How error-prone bioaccumulation experiments affect the risk assessment of hydrophobic chemicals and what could be improved.
Bioaccumulation is one of the three criteria for the PBT assessment of chemicals, where P stands for persistence, B for bioaccumulation, and T for toxicity, which is a cornerstone for the "Registration, Evaluation, Authorization, and Restriction of Chemicals" (REACH) in the EU. Registrants are required by REACH to submit data on bioaccumulation if the chemical is manufactured in and/or imported to the European Economic Area at more than 100 t/year. Most of the experimental bioaccumulation studies submitted were on the bioconcentration factor (BCF) and were conducted prior to 2012, before the OECD Test Guideline 305 on Bioaccumulation in Fish was updated. An analysis of the submitted data revealed that many of the experimental data, but also the data from QSARs and other calculation methods, underestimate the actual bioaccumulation potential of hydrophobic substances considerably. One of the main reasons in the nonexperimental studies is that the BCF is related there to the total concentration of the chemical in water and not to the dissolved chemical concentration. There is therefore an urgent need to reassess the bioaccumulation potential of the hydrophobic substances registered under REACH. Based on the model calculations in the present study, between 332 and 584 substances that are registered under REACH are likely to bioaccumulate in the aquatic environment-many more than have so far been identified in the B assessment. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2023;19:792-803. © 2022 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).
36408667
A regime shift in the Southeast Greenland marine ecosystem.
Two major oceanographic changes have recently propagated through several trophic levels in coastal areas of Southeast Greenland (SEG). Firstly, the amount of drift-ice exported from the Fram Strait and transported with the East Greenland Current (EGC) has decreased significantly over the past two decades, and a main tipping element (summer sea ice) has virtually disappeared since 2003 leading to a regime shift in oceanographic and ecological conditions in the region. The following 20-year period with low or no coastal sea ice is unique in the 200-year history of ice observations in the region, and the regime shift is also obvious in the volume of ice export through the Fram Strait after 2013. In the same period, the temperature of the EGC south of 73.5 N has increased significantly (>2°C) since 1980. Secondly, the warm Irminger Current, which advects warm, saline Atlantic Water into the region, has e warmer since 1990. The lack of pack ice in summer together with a warming ocean generated cascading effects on the ecosystem in SEG that are manifested in a changed fish fauna with an influx of boreal species in the south and the subarctic capelin further north. At higher trophic levels there has been an increase in the abundance of several boreal cetaceans (humpback, fin, killer, and pilot whales and dolphins) that are either new to this area or occur in historically large numbers. It is estimated that the new cetacean species in SEG are responsible for an annual predation level of 700,000 tons of fish. In addition, predation on krill species is estimated at >1,500,000 tons mainly consumed by fin whales. Simultaneously, there has been a reduction in the abundance and catches of narwhals and walruses in SEG and it is suggested that these species have been impacted by the habitat changes.
36408668
The Aetion Coalition to Advance Real-World Evidence through Randomized Controlled Trial Emulation Initiative: Oncology.
Legislative and technological advancements over the past decade have given rise to the proliferation of healthcare data generated from routine clinical practice, often referred to as real-world data (RWD). These data have piqued the interest of healthcare stakeholders due to their potential utility in generating evidence to support clinical and regulatory decision making. In the oncology setting, studies leveraging RWD offer distinct advantages that plementary to randomized controlled trials (RCTs). They also permit the conduct of investigations that may not be possible through prospective designs due to ethics or feasibility. Despite its promise, the use of RWD for the generation of clinical evidence remains controversial due to concerns of unmeasured confounding and other sources of bias that must be carefully addressed in the study design and analysis. To facilitate a better understanding of when RWD can provide reliable conclusions on drug effectiveness, we seek to conduct 10 RWD-based studies that emulate RCTs in oncology using a systematic, protocol-driven approach described herein. Results of this investigation will help inform clinical, scientific, and regulatory stakeholders on the applications of RWD in the context of product labeling expansion, drug safety, parative effectiveness in oncology.
36408669
The use of an obstetric balloon as a pelvic spacer in preventing empty pelvis syndrome after total pelvic exenteration in rectal cancers - A prospective safety and efficacy study for the Bakri balloon.
Empty pelvis syndrome (EPS) is a source of considerable morbidity following total pelvic exenteration. None of the available methods have been universally successful in mitigating this problem. The aim of this work was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the obstetric Bakri balloon in preventing empty pelvis syndrome.
36408670
Environmental DNA reveals a mismatch between diversity facets of Amazonian fishes in response to contrasting geographical, environmental and anthropogenic effects.
Freshwater ecosystems are among the most endangered ecosystem in the world. Understanding how human activities affect these ecosystems requires disentangling and quantifying the contribution of the factors munity assembly. While it has been largely studied in temperate freshwaters, tropical ecosystems remain challenging to study due to the high species richness and the lack of knowledge on species distribution. Here, the use of eDNA-based fish bined to munity-level modelling approach allowed depicting of assembly rules and quantifying the relative contribution of geographic, environmental and anthropic factors to fish assembly. We then used the model predictions to map spatial biodiversity and assess the representativity of sites surveyed in French Guiana within the EU Water Framework Directive (WFD) and highlighted areas that should host unique freshwater fish assemblages. We demonstrated a mismatch between the taxonomic and functional diversity. Taxonomic assemblages between but also within basins were mainly the results of dispersal limitation resulting from basin isolation and natural river barriers. Contrastingly, functional assemblages were ruled by environmental and anthropic factors. The regional mapping of fish diversity indicated that the sites surveyed within the EU WFD had a better representativity of the regional functional diversity than taxonomic diversity. Importantly, we also showed that the assemblages expected to be the most altered by anthropic factors were the most poorly represented in terms of functional diversity in the surveyed sites. The predictions of unique functional and taxonomic assemblages could, therefore, guide the establishment of new survey sites to increase fish diversity representativity and improve this monitoring program.
36408671
A Semi-mechanistic Model to Characterize the Long-Term Dynamics of Hepatitis B Virus Markers During Treatment With Lamivudine and Pegylated Interferon.
Antiviral treatments against hepatitis B virus (HBV) suppress viral replication but do not eradicate the virus, and need therefore to be taken lifelong to avoid relapse. Mathematical models can be useful to support the development of curative anti-HBV agents; however, they mostly focus on short-term HBV DNA data and neglect plex host-pathogen interaction. This work aimed to characterize the effect of treatment with lamivudine and/or pegylated interferon (Peg-IFN) in 1,300 patients (hepatitis B envelope antigen (HBeAg)-positive and HBeAg-negative) treated for 1 year. A mathematical model was developed incorporating two populations of infected cells, namely
36408672
The association between selenium levels and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: a systematic review of the literature.
Selenium (Se) is essential for selenoprotein synthesis, being thus important for immune and thyroid function, and for antioxidant defence. Some studies have shown that low levels of Se may associate with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP). Nevertheless, evidence supporting Se supplementation in pregnant or childbearing-age women is still lacking. In this context, this work aimed to systematically review the most recent scientific evidence to understand the relationship between Se levels and HDP. We performed a systematic review (protocol number: CRD42022310424) with literature of the last decade. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, registers and grey literature were searched to identify studies reporting measurement of Se levels in normotensive and hypertensive pregnant women (supplemented or not with Se). Study quality was assessed using the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Study Quality Assessment Tools. Among the thirty included studies, a majority, 61 % (
36408674
Validation of a body condition scoring system in Nili Ravi dairy buffaloes (
The aim of the research reported in this Research Communication was to apply the 5-point body condition scoring (BCS) system to dairy buffaloes and subjectively validate it by assessing the intra- and inter-assessor agreement. For this purpose, the BCS system developed for dairy cows was applied to buffaloes. A total of 230 Nili Ravi buffaloes of varying parity, lactation stages and pregnancy status were enrolled from the Buffalo Research Institute, Pattoki, Pakistan. Four observers independently assigned BCS values to each enrolled buffalo in two phases, as follows: (1) during phase I, the assessors were trained for BCS assessment using a BCS chart developed by Elanco Animal Health Ltd.; and (2) during phase II, the assessors were trained using live buffaloes for BCS assessment. Kappa statistics (kw) were used to determine the intra- and inter-assessor agreement. The results revealed that the exact overall inter- and intra-assessor agreement was moderate (kw = 0.48-0.55) and increased to substantial levels after training on live animals (kw = 0.63-0.87). Furthermore, the intra- and inter-assessor exact agreement was higher (kw = 0.57-0.58) for buffaloes tied to the pared to the buffaloes standing in the loafing area (kw = 0.50). The inter-assessor agreements within 0.25 and 0.5 points were almost perfect (kw = 0.97-1.0). The current results suggested that the 5-point BCS system (using a scale from 1 to 5 with 0.25 increments) had substantial agreement for assessment and repeatability when applied to buffaloes.
36408673
Treatment-related adverse events of antibody-drug conjugates in clinical trials: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) plex molecular structures and have been tested in numerous clinical trials. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms of their toxicity when applied in medical practice is of high importance.
36408675
Impact of number of functional teeth on independence of Japanese older adults.
To examine the relationship between the number of present and functional teeth at baseline and future incidence of loss of independence.
36408678
A review of bovine colostrum preservation techniques.
Preservation of colostrum for neonatal dairy calves has seldom been seldom in recent years, much of the peer reviewed literature having been published in the 1970s and 1980s. First milking colostrum is high in bioactive immune enhancers such as immunoglobulins, lactoferrins, lysozymes and cytokines and is vital to confer passive immunity to newborn dairy calves to promote their health, welfare and future productivity. Bovine colostrum is advisedly restricted from the bulk milk supply for the first 8 milkings post calving due to high somatic cell counts and the risk of antimicrobial residues. As such, many producers refer to 'colostrum' as not only the first milking post calving, but also the aformentioned 'transition' milk. Colostrum is preserved in order to protect supply for feeding when production may be poor or where there is a glut of colostrum such as in seasonal calving systems. There are multiple reasons for newborn calves not to have access to their dam's colostrum, including multiple births, acute mastitis or maladapted maternal behaviour, especially in first lactation heifers. Shortages in colostrum may also be precipitated by purposeful discarding of colostrum from cows infected with
36408677
SNP- and haplotype-based single-step genomic predictions for body weight, wool, and reproductive traits in North American Rambouillet sheep.
Rambouillet sheep monly raised in extensive grazing systems in the US, mainly for wool and meat production. Genomic evaluations in US sheep breeds, including Rambouillet, are still incipient. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the feasibility of performing genomic prediction of breeding values for various traits in Rambouillet sheep based on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) or haplotypes (fitted as pseudo-SNP) under a single-step GBLUP approach. A total of 28,834 records for birth weight (BWT), 23,306 for postweaning weight (PWT), 5,832 for yearling weight (YWT), 9,880 for yearling fibre diameter (YFD), 11,872 for yearling greasy fleece weight (YGFW), and 15,984 for number of lambs born (NLB) were used in this study. Seven hundred forty-one individuals were genotyped using a moderate (50 K; n = 677) or high (600 K; n = 64) density SNP panel, in which 32 K SNP mon between the two SNP panels (after genotypic quality control) were used for further analyses. Single-step genomic predictions using SNP (H-BLUP) or haplotypes (HAP-BLUP) from blocks with different linkage disequilibrium (LD) thresholds (0.15, 0.35, 0.50, 0.65, and 0.80) were evaluated. We also considered different blending parameters when constructing the genomic relationship matrix used to predict the genomic-enhanced estimated breeding values (GEBV), with alpha equal to 0.95 or 0.50. The GEBV pared to the estimated breeding values (EBV) obtained from traditional pedigree-based evaluations (A-BLUP). The mean theoretical accuracy ranged from 0.499 (A-BLUP for PWT) to 0.795 (HAP-BLUP using haplotypes from blocks with LD threshold of 0.35 and alpha equal to 0.95 for YFD). The prediction accuracies ranged from 0.143 (A-BLUP for PWT) to 0.330 (A-BLUP for YGFW) while the prediction bias ranged from -0.104 (H-BLUP for PWT) to 0.087 (HAP-BLUP using haplotypes from blocks with LD threshold of 0.15 and alpha equal to 0.95 for YGFW). The GEBV dispersion ranged from 0.428 (A-BLUP for PWT) to 1.035 (A-BLUP for YGFW). Similar results were observed for H-BLUP or HAP-BLUP, independently of the LD threshold to create the haplotypes, alpha value, or trait analysed. Using genomic information (fitting individual SNP or haplotypes) provided similar or higher prediction and theoretical accuracies and reduced the dispersion of the GEBV for body weight, wool, and reproductive traits in Rambouillet sheep. However, there were no clear improvements in the prediction bias pared to pedigree-based predictions. The next step will be to enlarge the training populations for this breed to increase the benefits of genomic predictions.
36408680
Reconfigurable chirality with achiral excitonic materials in the strong-coupling regime.
We introduce and theoretically analyze the concept of manipulating optical chirality
36408679
Molecular profiles of single circulating tumor cells from early breast cancer patients with different lymph node statuses.
Characterization of early breast cancer circulating tumor cells (CTCs) may provide valuable information on tumor metastasis.
36408676
Significant effects of precipitation frequency on soil respiration and its components-A global synthesis.
Global warming intensifies the hydrological cycle, which results in changes in precipitation regime (frequency and amount), and will likely have significant impacts on soil respiration (R
36408682
The digital redesign of mental health: leveraging connected digital technologies for agency-driven patient-focused care.
Digital psychiatry could empower individuals to navigate their context-specific experiences outside healthcare visits. This editorial discusses how leveraging digital health technologies could dramatically transform how we conceptualise mental health and the mental health professional's day-day practice, and how patients could be enabled to navigate their mental health with greater agency.
36408681
When a birth cohort grows up: challenges and opportunities in longitudinal developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) research.
High-quality evidence from prospective longitudinal studies in humans is essential to testing hypotheses related to the developmental origins of health and disease. In this paper, the authors draw upon their own experiences leading birth cohorts with longitudinal follow-up into adulthood to describe specific challenges and lessons learned. Challenges are substantial and grow over time. Long-term funding is essential for study operations and critical to retaining study staff, who develop relationships with participants and hold important institutional knowledge and technical skill sets. To maintain contact, we mend that cohorts apply multiple strategies for tracking and obtain as much high-quality contact information as possible before the child's 18
36408684
Sleep Problems and Psychological Well-Being: Baseline Findings from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.
International studies have demonstrated associations between sleep problems and poor psychological well-being; however, Canadian data are limited. This study investigated this association using cross-sectional baseline data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging, a national survey of munity-dwelling adults, 45-85 years of age. Short sleep duration, sleep dissatisfaction, insomnia symptoms, and daytime impairment were consistently associated with a higher prevalence of dissatisfaction with life, psychological distress, and poor self-reported mental health. Long sleep duration was associated with a higher prevalence of psychological distress and poor self-reported mental health, but not with dissatisfaction with life. Associations between sleep problems and psychological distress were 11-18 per cent stronger in males. With each 10-year increase in age, the association between daytime impairment and life dissatisfaction increased by 11 per cent, and insomnia symptoms and poor mental health decreased by 11 per cent. Sleep problems in middle-aged and older adults warrant increased attention as a public health problem in Canada.
36408683
Use of machine learning to diagnose somatic symptom disorder: Are the biomarkers beneficial for the diagnosis?
We used machine learning to incorporate three types of biomarkers (respiratory sinus arrhythmia, RSA; skin conductance, SC; finger temperature, FT) for examining the performance of diagnosing somatic symptom disorder (SSD).
36408685
Multimarker Analysis of Serially Measured GDF-15, NT-proBNP, ST2, GAL-3, cTnI, Creatinine, and Prognosis in Acute Heart Failure.
Studies on serially measured GDF-15 (growth differentiation factor 15) in acute heart failure (HF) are limited. Moreover, several pathophysiological pathways contribute to HF. Therefore, we aimed to explore the (additional) prognostic value of serially measured GDF-15 using a multi-marker approach to more accurately predict HF risk.
36408687
Attendance at pre-pregnancy care clinics for women with type 1 diabetes: A scoping review.
Type 1 diabetes mellitus occurs in one in every 275 pregnancies and can result in increased morbidity and mortality for both mother and baby. Several plications can be reduced or prevented by attendance at pre-pregnancy care (PPC). Despite this, less than 40% of pregnant women with pre-gestational diabetes receive formal PPC. The aim of this scoping review is to identify the barriers to PPC attendance among women with type 1 diabetes.
36408688
TREM2 R47H variant and risk for Alzheimer's disease: assessment in a Greek population and updated meta-analysis.
Rare coding variants in TREM2 and their association with the susceptibility towards Alzheimer's disease (AD) were recently studied in various ethnic groups with contradictory results. The T allele of the rs75932628 (p.R47H variant) has shown a positive risk association with AD in several studies; however, neither a study in Greece nor an updated meta-analysis have been conducted.
36408689
The time course of behavioural phase change in the Central American locust Schistocerca piceifrons.
Locusts exhibit an extreme form of phenotypic plasticity and can exist as two alternative phenotypes, known as solitarious and gregarious phases. These phases, which can transform from one to another depending on local population density, show distinctly different behavioural characteristics. The proximate mechanisms of behavioural phase polyphenism have been well studied in the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria and the migratory locust Locusta migratoria, and what is known in these species is often treated as a general feature of locusts. However, this approach might be flawed, given that there are approximately 20 locust species that have independently evolved phase polyphenism. Using the Central American locust Schistocerca piceifrons as a study system, we characterised the time course of behavioural phase change using standard locust behavioural assays, using both a logistic regression-based model and analyses of separate behavioural variables. We found that for nymphs of S. piceifrons, solitarisation was a relatively fast, two-step process, but that gregarisation was a much slower process. Additionally, the density of the gregarisation treatment seemed to have no effect on the rate of phase change. These data are at odds with what we know about the time course of behavioural phase change in S. gregaria, suggesting that the mechanisms of locust phase polyphenism in these two species are different and may not be phylogenetically constrained. Our study represents the most in-depth study of behavioural gregarisation and solitarisation in locusts to date.
36408690
Relation of Pulse Wave Velocity to Contemporaneous and Historical Blood Pressure in Female Twins.
An association between blood pressure and aortic stiffness is well known, but ambiguity remains as to whether one precedes the other. This study aimed to investigate the association of aortic stiffness with contemporaneous versus historic blood pressure and direction of causality between aortic stiffening and hypertension in female twins.
36408691
Identification of genes contributing to cisplatin resistance in osteosarcoma cells.
as are prevalent in children and young adults and have a high recurrence rate. Cisplatin, doxorubicin, and methotrexate mon adjuvant chemotherapy drugs for treatment of a, but multidrug resistance is a growing problem. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms of chemotherapy resistance in a cells is crucial for developing new therapeutic approaches and ultimately improving the prognosis of a patients. To identify genes associated with cisplatin resistance in a, we screened a large-scale mutant library generated by transfecting human a cells with a piggyBac (PB) transposon-based gene activation vector. Several candidate genes were identified by using Splinkerette-PCR paired with Next Generation Sequencing. We created a disease-free survival predictor model, which includes ZNF720, REEP3, CNNM2, and CGREF1, using TARGET (Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments) datasets. Additionally, the results of our enrichment analysis between the Four_genes_high group and Low_group suggested that these four genes may participate in cisplatin resistance in a through cross talk between various signaling pathways, especially the signaling pathway related to bone formation. These data may help guide future studies into chemotherapy for a.
36408692
Utility of serum autotaxin levels for predicting post hepatectomy liver failure in hepatocellular carcinoma.
This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of serum autotaxin, a novel liver fibrosis marker, for predicting post hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) in patients undergoing hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
36408693
A novel algorithm for classification of interatrial communications within the oval fossa in the newborn.
An munication is present in most neonates. The majority are considered the "normal" patency of the oval foramen, while a minority are abnormal atrial septal defects. Differentiation between the two with transthoracic echocardiography may be challenging, and no generally accepted method of classification is presently available. We aimed to develop and determine the reliability of a new classification of munications in newborns.
36408694
First isolation of Carnobacterium maltaromaticum from farmed Rainbow Trout in Virginia.
Carnobacterium maltaromaticum is considered an emerging pathogen of salmonids in the United States and around the world.
36408696
Aminoindole and naphthalimide based charge transfer fluorescent probes for pH sensing and live cell imaging.
Fluorescent probes are essential for imaging of cancer cells and for tracking organelles inside cells. We have synthesized three molecular rotors AIN, AINP and F-AINP based on 1-aminoindole (AI) as an electron donor and naphthalimide as an electron acceptor. pounds showed charge transfer (CT) character, aggregation induced emission (AIE) and emission responsiveness towards temperature variation and solvent viscosity. AINP was most sensitive towards viscosity among all molecules with a viscosity sensitivity of ∼0.37. AIN, AINP and F-AINP showed negative temperature coefficients in chloroform with internal sensitivities of -0.04% °C
36408697
ABRACADABRA literacy instruction for children with Down syndrome via telepractice during COVID-19: A pilot study.
COVID-19 has resulted in some educators and allied health practitioners transitioning to online delivery of literacy instruction. As far as we are aware, no studies have investigated online delivery prehensive literacy instruction for children with Down syndrome.
36408698
Prognostic impact of postoperative circulating tumor DNA as a molecular minimal residual disease marker in patients with pancreatic cancer undergoing surgical resection.
We aimed to clarify the prognostic impact of postoperative circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) shortly after pancreatectomy in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).
36408699
Clinical efficacy of amrubicin in patients with small cell lung cancer relapse after first-line treatment including immune checkpoint inhibitors: A retrospective multicenter study (TOPGAN 2021-01).
The therapeutic efficacy of cytotoxic anticancer drugs has been reported to be enhanced after immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in non-small cell lung cancer; however, it is unclear whether the same is applicable for small cell lung cancer (SCLC). We evaluated the efficacy of second-line amrubicin (AMR) following first-line platinum-based chemotherapy and bination therapy (chemo-ICI) in SCLC.
36408702
Clinicopathological features, prognostic significance, and associated tumor cell functions of family with sequence similarity 111 member B in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
Among digestive tract tumors, pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) has a high degree of malignancy. Therefore, it is important to search for pancreatic adenocarcinoma-related differential genes and new oncogene therapeutic targets for early diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
36408701
The effects of olive oil consumption on blood lipids: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.
We performed a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomised trials on the effects of olive oil consumption on blood lipids in adults. A systematic search was performed in PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases until May 2021. Randomised controlled trials (RCT) evaluating the effect of olive oil intake on serum total cholesterol (TC), TAG, LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol in adults were included. The mean difference (MD) and 95 % CI were calculated for each 10 g/d increment in olive oil intake using a random-effects model. A total of thirty-four RCT with 1730 participants were included. Each 10 g/d increase in olive oil consumption had minimal effects on blood lipids including TC (MD: 0·79 mg/dl; 95 % CI (-0·08, 1·66);
36408705
Motivations and Barriers to Help-Seeking Among Female Victims of Intimate Partner Violence in Ghana.
This study used qualitative data from 30 women in three of Ghana's 16 administrative regions to explore motivations and barriers to help-seeking among victims of intimate partner violence. Results of the thematic analysis showed low reporting to formal support networks, such as the Domestic Violence and Victim Support Unit or the police, with higher preference for informal sources, such as family members and friends. Motivations to seek help included fatigue, severity of abuse, abusive partner's negligence in honoring marital obligations, and trust in family members. Barriers to help-seeking included: fear of divorce, stigmatization, lack of trust in formal support channels, sociocultural norms emphasizing gender role expectations, and family privacy.
36408703
Asymmetric Strecker reaction at the solid/solid interface.
Related to absolute asymmetric synthesis, a stereospecific reaction at the solid/solid interface arising from crystal chirality of the achiral or racemic substrates has not yet been reported. Here, we demonstrate the asymmetric Strecker-type solid/solid reaction between the chiral crystal of a racemic cyanohydrin (kryptoracemate) and the achiral crystal of an ammonium salt to afford highly enantioenriched α-aminonitrile bination with amplification of chirality.
36408708
[Social, emotional and existential loneliness among nursing home residents with somatic problems].
Relatively little is known about loneliness in nursing homes. The aim of this study is to gain insight in the prevalence of social, emotional and existential loneliness among nursing home residents and in the relationship between loneliness and participation in activities and having contacts. Data is collected among nursing home residents in the province of Zeeland in the Netherlands (N = 101; age range = 42 to 103 years; median = 83 years; 71% female). Social, emotional and existential loneliness, personal characteristics and participation in activities and having contacts are measured. Prevalence of loneliness is calculated. Regression analyses are performed to study the relationship between loneliness and personal characteristics, participation in activities and having contacts. The majority of respondents experiences social, emotional and/or existential loneliness. A longer duration of stay in the nursing home and participating in exercise activities are related to a lower extent of social loneliness but not emotional or existential loneliness. Organised activities typically aim at social loneliness, but not emotional and existential loneliness, even though these forms of loneliness occur often in nursing homes.
36408709
[Using the Treatment Passport to stimulate Advance Care Planning].
Care recipients are ing increasingly involved in the decision-making process for suitable treatments. Advance Care Planning (ACP) enables care recipients and healthcare professionals to timely think and discuss wishes and preferences for treatments, before a care recipient es limited by disease, cognitive problems or age. The Treatment Passport is developed by geriatric specialist Esther Bertholet and contains supportive questions to think about treatment wishes. This study aimed to evaluate the experiences of civilians and healthcare professionals with the usage of the Treatment Passport during ACP. Involved care organisations distributed the Treatment Passports to healthcare professionals, for example dementia casemanagers. Healthcare professionals then handed the Treatment passports to civilians, for example older persons. Thereafter, healthcare professionals (N=30) and civilians (N=80) filled out a questionnaire about the experiences with usage of the Treatment Passport. 65% of the civilians had a disease and a mean age 75.3 years. The Treatment Passport was considered a helpful tool to think and talk about treatment wishes. 57% of the healthcare professionals wants to keep using the Treatment Passport and 78% of the civilians would mend it to others. Participants who found the passport of limited added value mostly had their own methods of discussing their treatment wishes.
36408711
[Remote work and the use of online communication in nursing homes during COVID-19-measures].
The measures taken in Dutch nursing homes during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in both an increase and a decrease of challenging behavior in nursing home residents. Staff undertook various initiatives to reduce the negative effects. For example, video calling between residents and their relatives was facilitated. In addition, initiatives in digital care (telehealth) were deployed. The aim of this study was to explore nursing home practitioners' experiences with munication between residents and relatives, working remotely in general and the remote treatment of challenging behavior in particular. One hundred and seventy-five nursing home professionals (psychologists, elderly care specialists, nursing specialists, daytime activities pleted an online questionnaire at the end of 2020/start of 2021. Open and closed questions showed that face-to-face contacts are preferred over munication. munication was mainly seen as a (meaningful) addition. Although professionals wanted to continue some of their work remotely, and found this efficient and workload-reducing, they felt that this could impair their job satisfaction and the quality of care. For remote work and remote treatment, each task needs to be evaluated on whether it can be performed properly and whether that results in good care. More research into munication, remote working and digital care in nursing homes is needed.
36408714
[Prehabilitation, Well Prepared for Abdominal Surgery].
Older, frail patients have an increased risk of plications resulting in loss of function, dependency, reduced quality of life and mortality. Possibly, prehabilitation can improve postoperative es. The aim of this clinical lesson was to present the current evidence for prehabilitation in abdominal surgery with a specific focus on the geriatric population. Prehabilitation seems to be acceptable and feasible for older patients. Especially multidimensional prehabilitation programs seem promising. Moreover, tailor-made exercise programs have been shown to have a positive effect on plications. However, none of this has yet been conclusively proven. More studies are needed to evaluate the effect of prehabilitation in the frail surgical population.
36408716
Clinical Decision Support for Precision Dosing: Opportunities for Enhanced Equity and Inclusion in Health Care.
Precision dosing aims to tailor doses to individual patients with the goal of improving treatment efficacy and avoiding toxicity. Clinical decision support software (CDSS) plays a crucial role in mediating this process, translating knowledge derived from clinical trials and real-world data (RWD) into actionable insights for clinicians to use at the point of care. However, not all patient populations are proportionally represented in clinical trials and other data sources that inform CDSS tools, limiting the applicability of these tools for underrepresented populations. Here, we review some of the limitations of existing CDSS tools and discuss methods for ing these gaps. We discuss considerations for study design and modeling to create more inclusive CDSS, particularly with an eye toward better incorporation of biological indicators in place of race, ethnicity, or sex. We also review inclusive practices for collection of these demographic data, during both study design and in software user interface design. Because of the role CDSS plays in both recording routine clinical care data and disseminating knowledge derived from data, CDSS presents a promising opportunity to continuously improve precision dosing algorithms using RWD to better reflect the diversity of patient populations.
36408717
Hazardous alcohol use and HIV indicators in six African countries: results from the Population-based HIV Impact Assessments, 2015-2017.
Hazardous alcohol use (HAU), defined as a pattern of alcohol consumption that increases the risk of harmful consequences for the user or others, is associated with an elevated risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and poor health es. We describe the association between people living with HIV (PLHIV) who report HAU and key HIV indicators. Gaps in current literature in estimating HAU on HIV es at the regional level of Eastern and Southern Africa still exist and our analysis aims to address this issue.
36408719
Exploring the Perspectives of Professionals on Providing Intimate Partner Violence Services to Women With Disabilities.
This study explored the experiences and perceptions of professional service providers offering services to women with disabilities exposed to intimate partner violence (IPV). Eighteen in-depth interviews were conducted with service providers working in health care, social work, the police, women's shelters, and the Centre for Violence Against Women. Our findings suggest that providing adequate IPV services to women with disabilities requires coordination and collaboration. IPV services were organized around five overarching themes: finding services; assessing the risk; identification; protection and care; and ing independent. This approach was helpful for women who faced disability-related challenges in accessing IPV services.
36408718
The potential bias of nitrogen deposition effects on primary productivity and biodiversity.
Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition posed of both inorganic nitrogen (IN) and organic nitrogen (ON), and these sources of N may exhibit different impacts on ecosystems. However, our understanding of the impacts of N deposition is largely based on experimental gradients of INs or more rarely ONs. Thus, the effects of N deposition on ecosystem productivity and biodiversity may be biased. We explored the differential impacts of N addition with different IN:ON ratios (0:10, 3:7, 5:5, 7:3, and 10:0) on aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) of munity and plant diversity in a typical temperate grassland with a long-term N addition experiment. Soil pH, litter biomass, soil IN concentration, and light penetration were measured to examine the potential mechanisms underlying species loss with N addition. Our results showed that N addition significantly increased munity ANPP by 68.33%-105.50% and reduced species richness by 16.20%-37.99%. The IN:ON ratios showed no significant effects on munity ANPP. However, IN-induced species richness loss was about 2.34 times of ON-induced richness loss. Soil pH was positively related to species richness, and they exhibited very similar response patterns to IN:ON ratios. It implies that soil acidification accounts for the different magnitudes of species loss with IN and ON additions. Overall, our study suggests that it might be reasonable to evaluate the effects of N deposition on munity ANPP with either IN or ON addition. However, the evaluation of N deposition on biodiversity might be overestimated if only IN is added or underestimated if only ON is added.
36408720
The effectiveness of consolidation chemotherapy in high-risk early-stage cervical cancer patients following concurrent chemoradiation after radical surgery.
Studies determining which early-stage cervical cancer patients with high-risk factors benefit from consolidation chemotherapy after postoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) are limited and inconsistent. The aim of this study was to evaluate the value of consolidation chemotherapy in early-stage cervical cancer.
36408715
Quantitative myelin imaging with MRI and PET: an overview of techniques and their validation status.
Myelin is the protective sheath wrapped around axons, consisting of a phospholipid bilayer with water between the wraps. The measurement of damage to the myelin sheaths, the evaluation of the efficacy of therapies aiming to promote remyelination and monitoring the degree of brain maturation in children all require non-invasive quantitative myelin imaging methods. To date, various myelin imaging techniques have been developed. Five different MRI approaches can be distinguished based on their biophysical principles: (i) imaging of the water between the lipid bilayers directly (e.g. myelin water imaging); (ii) imaging the non-aqueous protons of the phospholipid bilayer directly with ultra-short echo-time techniques; (iii) indirect imaging of the macromolecular content (e.g. magnetization transfer; inhomogeneous magnetization transfer); (iv) mapping of the effects of the myelin sheath's magnetic susceptibility on the MRI signal (e.g. quantitative susceptibility mapping); and (v) mapping of the effects of the myelin sheath on water diffusion. Myelin imaging with PET uses radioactive molecules with high affinity to specific ponents, in particular myelin basic protein. This review aims to give an overview of the various myelin imaging techniques, their biophysical principles, image acquisition, data analysis and their validation status.
36408721
Oral sorbents for small, charged uremic toxins, and carbon block for regeneration of dialysate: Fourth down and long.
Complexities of sorbent regeneration of dialysate led me to look at other ways to use sorbents to remove uremic toxins. An oral sorbent containing cation and anion exchangers showed effective binding of potassium, phosphate, sodium, hydrogen, and ammonium (from urea) in vitro. Animal studies are ongoing. Carbon block columns can effectively bind organic and middle molecules toxins from the dialysate. Together, these two technologies have the potential to greatly simplify dialysis for end-stage renal disease patients.
36408723
Double robust estimation of optimal partially adaptive treatment strategies: An application to breast cancer treatment using hormonal therapy.
Precision medicine aims to tailor treatment decisions according to patients' characteristics. G-estimation and dynamic weighted ordinary least squares are double robust methods to identify optimal adaptive treatment strategies. It is underappreciated that they require modeling all existing treatment-confounder interactions to be consistent. Identifying optimal partially adaptive treatment strategies that tailor treatments according to only a few covariates, ignoring some interactions, may be preferable in practice. Building on G-estimation and dWOLS, we propose estimators of such partially adaptive strategies and demonstrate their double robustness. We investigate these estimators in a simulation study. Using data maintained by the Centre des Maladies du Sein, we estimate a partially adaptive treatment strategy for tailoring hormonal therapy use in breast cancer patients. R software implementing our estimators is provided.
36408722
Economic evaluation of digitally enabled aged and neurological rehabilitation care in the Activity and MObility UsiNg Technology (AMOUNT) trial.
To investigate the trial-based cost-effectiveness of the addition of a tailored digitally enabled exercise intervention to usual care shown to be clinically effective in improving mobility in the Activity and MObility UsiNg Technology (AMOUNT) rehabilitation pared to usual care alone.
36408724
Sphingosine kinase 2 regulates insulin receptor trafficking in hepatocytes.
Disturbed insulin receptor (InsR) trafficking is associated with impaired insulin signaling and the development of diabetes. Sphingosine kinase (SphK), including SphK1 and SphK2, is a key enzyme of sphingolipid metabolism, which has been implicated in the regulation of membrane trafficking. More recently, we have reported that SphK2 is a key regulator of hepatic insulin signaling and glucose homeostasis. However, the role of SphK in InsR trafficking is still undefined. Huh7 cells were treated with specific SphK1 and SphK2 inhibitors or SphK1- and SphK2-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) in the presence or absence of insulin. Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence assays were carried out to investigate the role of SphK in InsR trafficking. InsR endocytosis, recycling, and insulin signaling were analyzed. Inhibition of SphK2, but not SphK1, by either specific pharmaceutic inhibitors or siRNA, significantly suppressed InsR endocytosis and recycling following insulin stimulation. Consequently, the insulin-stimulated Akt activation was significantly attenuated by SphK2 inhibition in hepatocytes. Moreover, the effect of SphK2 on InsR trafficking was mediated via the clathrin-dependent mechanism. Thus, our results show that SphK2 is able to regulate InsR trafficking. These findings suggest that SphK2 may impinge on hepatic insulin signaling by regulating InsR trafficking, providing further mechanistic evidence that SphK2 could serve as a potential intervention target against insulin resistance and T2D (type 2 diabetes).
36408725
Conbercept improves macular microcirculation and retinal blood supply in the treatment of nonischemic branch retinal vein occlusion macular edema.
To investigate the effect of conbercept on macular microvascular system and retinal blood supply in the treatment of nonischemic branch retinal vein occlusion macular edema (BRVO-ME).
36408727
Biometrics Data Visualization of Ginsenosides in Anticancer Investigations.
Ginsenoside extracts have been shown to have anticancer effects by a growing number of studies and have thus e a hot topic in cancer research. Our study used VOSviewer and CiteSpace softwares to conduct a bibliometric approach to co-citation and co-occurrence analysis of countries, institutions, authors, references, and keywords in the field of cancer research to investigate the current status and trends of ginsenosides research in cancer. The web of science core collection (WoSCC) contained a total of 1102 papers. China made the most contributions in this area, with the most publications (742, 67.3%), and collaborated closely with Korea and the USA. The
36408728
20(S)-Protopanaxadiol from
20(S)-protopanaxadiol (PPD), a metabolite of