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35950779 | A modified dentine infection model with fluorescent lipopolysaccharide and lipopolysaccharides sampling technique to compare XP-Endo finisher and passive ultrasonic irrigation. | The lipopolysaccharides-dentine-infection (LPS-dentine-infection) models and sampling techniques frequently used to evaluate LPS disinfection have limitations. In this study, a LPS-dentine-infection model was devised using fluorescent conjugate LPS. Secondly, a sampling technique using cryogenic grinding for intraradicular LPS analysis was evaluated. Thirdly, the effectiveness of the XP-endo Finisher (XP-EF) pared with passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) in removing LPS from root canal system. |
35950778 | Mendelian randomization mixed-scale treatment effect robust identification and estimation for causal inference. | Standard Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis can produce biased results if the genetic variant defining an instrumental variable (IV) is confounded and/or has a horizontal pleiotropic effect on the e of interest not mediated by the treatment variable. We provide novel identification conditions for the causal effect of a treatment in the presence of unmeasured confounding by leveraging a possibly invalid IV for which both the IV independence and exclusion restriction assumptions may be violated. The proposed Mendelian randomization mixed-scale treatment effect robust identification (MR MiSTERI) approach relies on (i) an assumption that the treatment effect does not vary with the possibly invalid IV on the additive scale; (ii) that the confounding bias does not vary with the possibly invalid IV on the odds ratio scale; and (iii) that the residual variance for the e is heteroskedastic with respect to the possibly invalid IV. Although assumptions (i) and (ii) have, respectively, appeared in the IV literature, assumption (iii) has not; we formally establish that their conjunction can identify a causal effect even with an invalid IV. MR MiSTERI is shown to be particularly advantageous in the presence of pervasive heterogeneity of pleiotropic effects on the additive scale. We propose a simple and consistent three-stage estimator that can be used as a preliminary estimator to a carefully constructed efficient one-step-update estimator. In order to incorporate multiple, possibly correlated, and weak invalid IVs, mon challenge in MR studies, we develop a MAny Weak Invalid Instruments (MR MaWII MiSTERI) approach for strengthened identification and improved estimation accuracy. Both simulation studies and UK Biobank data analysis results demonstrate the robustness of the proposed methods. |
35950781 | Efficacy of Preoperative Oral Midodrine in Preventing Hypotension After Spinal Anesthesia in Young Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial. | Midodrine was effectively used for prophylaxis against hypotensive syndromes such as postural hypotension and intradialytic hypotension, and during the recovery phase of septic shock. In our study, we aimed to assess the efficacy of prophylactic administration of midodrine tablets before spinal anesthesia in reducing the occurrence of hypotension. |
35950780 | Cytocompatibility and bioactive potential of AH Plus Bioceramic Sealer: An in vitro study. | To assess the patibility and bioactive potential of the new calcium silicate cement-based sealer AH Plus Bioceramic Sealer (AHPbcs) on human periodontal ligament stem cells pared with the epoxy resin-based sealer AH Plus (AHP) and the calcium silicate cement-based sealer Endosequence BC Sealer (ESbcs). |
35950782 | A case of intestinal malrotation apparent after laparoscopically total proctocolectomy followed by ileal-pouch-anal anastomosis for ulcerative colitis. | Intestinal malrotation (IM) is an abnormality due to a failure of the normal midgut rotation and fixation. We report a case of 46-year-old man with ulcerative colitis whose IM was apparent after laparoscopically total proctocolectomy (TPC) followed by ileal-pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) and ileostomy. There was no abnormal anatomy except for mobile cecum/ascending colon during the initial operation. Intestinal obstruction occurred after ileostomy closure. puted tomography scan showed the duodeno-jejunal transition was located in right abdomen, the superior mesenteric vein was located left of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and the obstruction point was the distal ileum near the pouch. We performed an ileo-ileo bypass across the ventral side of the SMA to relieve the intestinal obstruction. The patient would have plete IM preoperatively, which became apparent by TPC. In case of TPC for mobile colon, anatomy of small intestine should be checked before IPAA. |
35950783 | The Koo-Brownstone staging system as a tool to assist in the management of patients with a possible diagnosis of dermatological delusions: an experts suggestion. | Delusional infestation (DI) is one of the most challenging situations dermatologists and other dermatology providers may face in their practice. Dermatologists must know how to municate with these patients. The process of acquiring delusional states can be a gradual development and not all delusional patients in dermatology are the same. |
35950784 | Accurate total-body K | Total-body dynamic positron emission tomography (dPET) imaging using |
35950785 | Biomechanical evaluation of customized root implants in alveolar bone: A comparative study with traditional implants and natural teeth. | pare and evaluate density changes in alveolar bones and biomechanical responses including stress/strain distributions around customized root implants (CRIs), traditional implants, and natural teeth. |
35950786 | Factors influencing health and safety performance at construction sites in Ghana: the perspective of building artisans. | The construction industry is considered one of the most hazardous industries, and implementing a safety program is regarded as one of the most effective approaches to improving safety performance. However, any safety program's success depends on specific factors for satisfactory es. Identifying factors influencing safety performance from a worker's perspective is key to improving safety management. This study determined the critical factors contributing to the construction industry's safety performance by building construction artisans in Ghana. Through a literature review, 55 factors influencing safety performance were selected from previous studies and evaluated by the building construction. An exploratory factor analysis was used for dimension reduction, and ponents clustering the 55 factors were revealed. The results showed that management support mitment toward safety performance was the most ponent. The findings of this study can be utilized to enhance health and safety performance in the building construction industry. |
35950788 | Meta-analysis of elevational changes in the intensity of trophic interactions: Similarities and dissimilarities with latitudinal patterns. | The premise that the intensity of biotic interactions decreases with increasing latitudes and elevations is broadly accepted; however, whether these geographical patterns can be explained within mon theoretical framework remains unclear. Our goal was to identify the general pattern of elevational changes in trophic interactions and to explore the sources of variation among the es of individual studies. Meta-analysis of 226 effect sizes calculated from 134 publications demonstrated a significant but interaction-specific decrease in the intensity of herbivory, carnivory and parasitism with increasing elevation. Nevertheless, this decrease was not significant at high latitudes and for interactions involving endothermic organisms, for herbivore outbreaks or for herbivores living within plant tissues. Herbivory similarly declined with increases in latitude and elevation, whereas carnivory showed a fivefold stronger decrease with elevation than with latitude and parasitism increased with latitude but decreased with elevation. Thus, although these gradients share a general pattern and several sources of variation in trophic interaction intensity, we discovered important dissimilarities, indicating that elevational and latitudinal changes in these interactions are partly driven by different factors. We conclude that the scope of the latitudinal biotic interaction hypothesis cannot be extended to incorporate elevational gradients. |
35950789 | Recurrent epidemic waves in a delayed epidemic model with quarantine. | In this paper, we are concerned with an epidemic model with quarantine and distributed time delay. We define the basic reproduction number |
35950790 | Quality of superior mesenteric and hepatic artery dissection in robotic pancreatoduodenectomy for pancreatic cancer. | This video manuscript by Ikoma and colleagues demonstrates their approach to the superior mesenteric artery and hepatic artery periadventitial dissection. The quality of superior mesenteric artery and hepatic artery dissections should be maintained in robotic pancreatoduodenectomy when performed for pancreatic cancer, to provide the best possible oncological es. |
35950791 | Evidence for the efficacy of the emetic PP796 in paraquat SL20 formulations - a narrative review of published and unpublished evidence. | The bipyridyl herbicide paraquat was first introduced into agriculture in the 1960s by Imperial Chemical Industries. Due to issues with unintentional poisoning, the centrally acting emetic PP796 was added in 1976 to pany's 20% paraquat ion soluble liquid (SL20) formulations (Gramoxone |
35950792 | Development of IgG4-related pancreatitis and kidney disease 7 years after the onset of undiagnosed lymphadenopathy: A case report. | This report describes a patient diagnosed with immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related pancreatitis and kidney disease 7 years after the onset of undiagnosed lymphadenopathy. A 48-year-old Japanese woman presented with fatigue and leg oedema. Computed tomography showed perigastric lymphadenopathy, for which she underwent a laparoscopic biopsy of the perigastric lymph nodes. Although histopathological examination of the lymph nodes did not lead to a definitive diagnosis, serological tests revealed elevated serum IgG4 levels (558 mg/dl) and IgG4 immunostaining of the lymph nodes showed IgG4-positive plasma cell infiltration, leading to the suspicion of IgG4-related disease. Further workup revealed no organ lesion other than lymphadenopathy. At age 55 years, despite having no subjective symptoms, puted tomography showed low-density lesions in the tail of the pancreas and the left kidney. Histopathological examination showed lymphocyte infiltration, consisting of a mixture of plasma cells and eosinophils, in both organs and obliterative phlebitis in the pancreas. IgG4 immunostaining of the kidney specimens showed 160 IgG4-positive cells per high-powered field, with the IgG4+/IgG+ cell ratio being almost 100%, leading to a diagnosis of IgG4-related pancreatitis and kidney disease. Treatment with prednisolone for 2 months resulted in lesion improvement. Although the diagnosis of IgG4-related lymphadenopathy is often challenging in patients with lymphadenopathy alone, findings in the present patient emphasise the importance of long-term follow-up, as it may allow early detection of involvement of other organs by IgG4-related disease. |
35950793 | An assessment of improved outcomes using low-cost bubble CPAP in very low birthweight neonates in a Nigerian tertiary hospital. | Respiratory distress contributes to the high burden of preterm mortality globally. The aim of our study was to evaluate the use of low-cost Bubble Continuous Positive Airway Pressure devices for treating respiratory distress and their es in preterm infants weighing <1500g. Data was extracted from admission records of 211 infants over two distinct 4-year periods before and after introduction of bCPAP. With survival rates of 26.7% and 61.8% in the pre and post bCPAP eras respectively, significantly improved es were found. |
35950795 | Bentonite Nanoparticles and Honey Co-Administration Effects on Skin Wound Healing: Experimental Study in the BALB/c MICE. | In recent years, nanotechnology and the subsequent production of nanoparticles have developed excellent methods for medical applications, including wound healing. One of these nanoparticles is bentonite nanoparticles (BNPs) which show high ability in tissue engineering. But our knowledge of its effectiveness in wound healing is based on little data. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to evaluate the wound healing ability of BNPs and in the next step the suitability of honey as a solvent for these nanoparticles. |
35950797 | Contribution of Social Psychology Research to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Bibliometric and Content Analysis of Spanish Publications. | This study analyses the publications by Spanish institutions indexed by the Web of Science in the thematic category of "Psychology, Social". The objectives are to determine whether such publications address topics related to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and to what extent the research conducted contributes to achieving the goals proposed in each of the SDGs. Publications were classified by their relationship with the SDGs using OSDG tool, and an in-depth content analysis was performed to validate the results. A corpus of 1,632 papers published by Spanish institutions was identified. The results show that 34% percent of the papers address matters related to the SDGs; 23% of these are related to Goal 3 (good health and well-being), and 5%, to Goal 5 (gender equality). For achieving SDG 3 goals, the reviewed papers evidence the need that institutions, governments and society to provide, especially for children and adolescents, healthy social environments to prevent harmful social relationships while improving individual skills to manage emotions in everyday life and promoting cultural integration. Regarding SDG 5, it should be a priority the application of effective strategies to change stereotypes, assigned sexual roles and sexist attitudes that sustain inequality and violence against women. |
35950798 | Appearance of anti-MDA5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis after COVID-19 vaccination. | The direct causes of dermatomyositis, mon autoimmune disease, have not yet been accurately identified, but several studies have linked this condition to various patient-associated and environmental factors, such as viral infections and area of residence. In the present report, we describe our experience with a patient presenting with anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) antibody-positive dermatomyositis, which developed after vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This patient was simultaneously diagnosed with anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody-positive slowly progressive insulin-dependent diabetes (SPIDDM); her human leucocyte antigen test revealed that she expressed the DRB1*04:05 allele. This is important as this genotype is known to increase susceptibility to both anti-MDA5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis and type I diabetes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of plicated by SPIDDM identified after COVID-19 vaccination against COVID-19 and presenting with an underlying susceptible genotype. The patient's genetic predisposition may also be important for the development of autoimmune disease after COVID-19 vaccination. |
35950799 | Association of summer temperatures and acute kidney injury in South Korea: a case-crossover study. | Due to climate change, days with high temperatures are ing more frequent. Although the effect of high temperature on the kidneys has been reported in research from Central and South America, Oceania, North America and Europe, evidence from Asia is still lacking. This study aimed to examine the association between short-term exposure to high temperatures and acute kidney injury (AKI) in a nationwide study in South Korea. |
35950796 | Mastering the Relationship between the Body and the Brain? The Case of a Female Master Athlete. | Physical inactivity significantly increases risk of cardiovascular diseases, which are highly prevalent in aging. Conversely, higher levels of physical activity in aging have been associated with benefits for physical and cognitive health and is hypothesized to prevent and reduce development of cardiovascular risk factors. However, those older adults with the highest activity levels (i.e., Master Athletes [MA]) are relatively understudied, and even fewer studies involve female MA. |
35950801 | The relationship between chronotype, night eating behavior and fear of COVID-19 in academics. | Academics are an occupational group that works at an intense pace. The number of studies on chronotype and night eating behavior in academics is limited, and there is insufficient data on whether fear of COVID-19 is also a risk for developing eating disorders. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between chronotype and night eating syndrome (NES) and examine the influence of fear of COVID-19 on night eating behavior in academics. The study data were collected using the personal information form, "Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire, |
35950802 | Prediction of Postoperative Deterioration in Cardiac Surgery Patients Using Electronic Health Record and Physiologic Waveform Data. | Postoperative hemodynamic deterioration among cardiac surgical patients can indicate or lead to adverse es. Whereas prediction models for such events using electronic health records or physiologic waveform data are previously described, bined value remains pletely defined. The authors hypothesized that models incorporating electronic health record and processed waveform signal data (electrocardiogram lead II, pulse plethysmography, arterial catheter tracing) would yield improved performance versus either modality alone. |
35950803 | Circulating markers of endothelial activation in canine parvoviral enteritis. | Canine parvovirus (CPV) is mon cause of enteritis, immune suppression and systemic inflammation in young dogs. Endothelial markers, such as intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), and molecules that upregulate their expression, such as high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB-1), provide insight into the state of the endothelium during inflammation. This study aimed to determine if circulating concentrations of ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and HMGB-1 were altered in CPV pared to healthy controls, and whether a correlation existed between these molecules and the degree of inflammation. Thirty dogs with naturally occurring CPV enteritis and ten control dogs were included. Physical plete blood count and C-reactive protein (CRP) measurements were performed on all dogs at presentation. The concentrations of ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and HMGB-1 were measured mercially available canine-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. In dogs with CPV enteritis, ICAM-1 concentrations were significantly lower (median: 5.9 [IQR: 4.3-8.3]) and CRP higher (134 [IQR: pared to controls (8.0 [IQR: 6.9-10.3], |
35950804 | A comparison of immobilisation quality and cardiorespiratory effects of etorphine-azaperone versus etorphine-midazolam combinations in blesbok. | The pared immobilisation of blesbok ( |
35950805 | Heavily T2-weighted imaging findings of spinal cord swelling in dogs with intervertebral disc extrusion. | This study investigated causes of attenuation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) signal on heavily T2-weighted (T2W) images in dogs with thoracolumbar disc extrusion. Medical records and magnetic resonance images were retrospectively reviewed. Dogs were classified into the following grades; grade 1, non-ambulatory paraparesis; grade 2, paraplegia with deep pain perception and grade 3, paraplegia without deep pain perception. The length of intramedullary T2W hyperintensity of the spinal cord, cranial/ caudal expansion of pressive materials (ECM), and the CSF signal attenuation were measured. Ratios to the second lumbar vertebra (L2) were calculated for the length of intramedullary T2W hyperintensity (T2W:L2), cranial/caudal expansion of ECM (ECML:L2), and CSF signal attenuation (CSF:L2). The dogs were classified into focal or extended T2W hyperintensity groups according to the length [focal, shorter than length of L2; extended, longer than L2]. The area of EMC and the spinal canal were measured on transverse images at the lesion deriving occupancy ratio. The correlation between CSF:L2 and other data were analysed, and CSF:L2 pared between the grades. In dogs with intramedullary T2W hyperintensity, the locations of CSF attenuation and the hyperintensity pared if those locations were matched. Fifty-five dogs were included, 36 of which showed intramedullary T2W hyperintensity. Twenty-two of 36 dogs were considered as match of the location of the CSF attenuation and hyperintensity. CSF:L2 was significantly correlated with T2W:L2 in dogs with extended T2W hyperintensity ( |
35950806 | Ketamine-medetomidine compared to tiletamine-zolazepam-medetomidine for immobilisation of semi-captive cheetahs ( | The immobilisation time and cardiopulmonary effects of ketamine-medetomidine (KM) and tiletamine-zolazepam-medetomidine (TZM) pared in semi-captive cheetahs ( |
35950807 | A review of pig and poultry diseases in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa, 2000-2020. | The informal poultry and pig sector in the Eastern Cape Province (ECP) of South Africa is of significant socio-economic importance as it sustains livelihoods and ensures food security; yet little is known about the distribution and prevalence of infectious and zoonotic diseases in this region. This paper reviews data published for pig and poultry diseases in the province during the last 20 years (2000-2020). The review included relevant published papers identified by puterised literature search from Web of Science; provincial animal health reports; the national database from the Department of Agriculture, Land Reform and Rural Development (DALRRD); animal health reports submitted by DALRRD to the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) via the World Animal Health Information Database (WAHID) interface and laboratory records. A publication was considered eligible if it included qualitative or quantitative information on any disease affecting pigs and poultry including zoonosis. The search retrieved 174 publications, of which 26 were relevant. The review found that Newcastle disease (ND), coccidiosis and fowl pox (FP) were the most reported avian diseases in the national database, whereas avian infectious bronchitis (AIB), ND and highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) were the most reported diseases in the OIE database. Classical swine fever (CSF) was the most reported pig disease in both databases. The retrieved literature on pig and poultry diseases was scarce and no longer up to date, providing decision makers with little information. The review identified important zoonotic diseases that require further studies yet failed to find information on important neglected diseases like leptospirosis. |
35950808 | Nemaline myopathy in a six-month-old Pomeranian dog. | Nemaline myopathy - a clinically and plex heterogenous group of disorders - is described monly in humans and rarely in animals, and is characterised by progressive muscle weakness. The diagnosis is confirmed by histological and/or ultrastructural identification of subsarcolemmal, thread-like, rod-shaped structures called nemaline rod bodies within more than 40% of skeletal muscle fibres. These rods contain the Z-line protein, α-actinin, that can be effectively stained in skeletal muscles using Gomori or Masson trichrome and negatively stained with periodic acid-Schiff. Similar rod-like bodies have been found in smaller numbers in dogs with endocrine disorders and occasionally in other conditions in humans. This report is of a six-monthold Pomeranian dog which had progressive exercise intolerance over a two-month period associated with severe disuse muscle atrophy of the thoracic limbs, as well as gradual pelvic limb weakness and regurgitation of food. Baseline diagnostics ruled out endocrinopathies and after histological and ultrastructural evaluation of thoracic limb muscles and nerve biopsies confirmed nemaline myopathy. The clinical course, diagnostic test results, ultrastructure of skeletal muscle and peripheral nerve, gross necropsy findings and histopathology using various stains are described and illustrated. |
35950809 | Neutralising antibodies to West Nile virus detected in horses in Windhoek, Namibia. | West Nile virus (WNV) is a vector-borne virus maintained in nature by a bird-mosquito cycle. However, it can occasionally and accidentally infect horses and human beings, leading to sometimes severe or even fatal es in these species. Therefore, the monitoring of its circulation and disease occurrence is of relevance. Unfortunately, it is underdiagnosed or not diagnosed in several African counties, including Namibia, where no data is currently available for horses. In this study, 98 horses in three different stables in the Windhoek city area were investigated. They were found to have a seroprevalence of approximately 7%. Positive reactions were seen at all three stables, suggesting a greater than expected prevalence of the virus. This is the first report of serological evidence for the presence of the virus in horses in Nambia. Even though clinical signs were not reported in any of the stables from which the sera were derived, the seroprevalence to the virus suggests that horses with high genetic and/or economic value could benefit from vaccination against WNV. Because of the zoonotic potential of the virus, these findings are also of significance to human health authorities. |
35950812 | Visible-Light-Induced [1+5] Annulation of Phosphoryl Diazomethylarenes and Pyridinium 1,4-Zwitterionic Thiolates. | Visible-light-induced [1+5] annulation of phosphoryl diazomethylarenes and pyridinium 1,4-zwitterionic thiolates generates various trifunctionalized dialkyl 1-phosphoryl-1,9a-dihydropyrido[2,1- |
35950811 | Widespread metastasis of a spermatocytic seminoma with concomitant hepatic peliosis in a Southern African hedgehog ( | A six-year-old intact male Southern African hedgehog ( |
35950813 | Visible-Light-Induced Decarboxylative Fluorination of Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids Catalyzed by Iron. | An efficient and inexpensive protocol for the direct decarboxylative fluorination of aliphatic carboxylic acids catalyzed with iron salts under visible light is presented. This new method allows the facile fluorination of a diverse array of carboxylic acids even on gram scale using a Schlenk flask without loss of efficiency. Mechanistic studies suggest that the photoinduced ligand-to-metal charge transfer process enables the generation of the key step to generate the carboxyl radical intermediates. |
35950815 | Chlorogenic Acid Prevents Hyperuricemia Nephropathy via Regulating TMAO-Related Gut Microbes and Inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway. | Hyperuricemia is an independent hazard factor of renal injury and can induce renal fibrosis, promoting the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study aimed to explore the probability of chlorogenic acid (CGA) as a potential substance for preventing hyperuricemia nephropathy (HN). Pretreatment with CGA downregulated SUA, BUN, and CR levels, relieved oxidative stress and inflammatory response, alleviated kidney fibrosis, and contributed to the prevention of HN. In the gut microbiota, |
35950814 | Sedation versus General Anesthesia for Tracheal Intubation in Children with Difficult Airways: A Cohort Study from the Pediatric Difficult Intubation Registry. | Sedated and awake tracheal intubation approaches are considered safest in adults with difficult airways, but little is known about the es of sedated intubations in children. The primary aim of this study was pare the first-attempt success rate of tracheal intubation during sedated tracheal intubation versus tracheal intubation under general anesthesia. The hypothesis was that sedated intubation would be associated with a lower first-attempt success rate and plications than general anesthesia. |
35950816 | Proteophenes - Amino Acid Functionalized Thiophene-based Fluorescent Ligands for Visualization of Protein Deposits in Tissue Sections with Alzheimer's Disease Pathology. | Protein posed of specific proteins or peptides are associated with several neurodegenerative diseases and fluorescent ligands able to detect these pathological hallmarks are vital. Here, we report the synthesis of a class of thiophene-based ligands, denoted proteophenes, with different amino acid side-chain functionalities along the conjugated backbone, which display selectivity towards specific disease-associated protein aggregates in tissue sections with Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. The selectivity of the ligands towards AD associated pathological hallmarks, such as aggregates of the amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide or tau filamentous inclusions, was highly dependent on the chemical nature of the amino acid functionality, as well as on the location of the functionality along the pentameric thiophene backbone. Finally, the concept of synthesizing donor-acceptor-donor proteophenes with distinct photophysical properties was shown. Our findings provide the structural and functional basis for the development of new thiophene-based ligands that can be utilized for optical assignment of different aggregated proteinaceous species in tissue sections. |
35950818 | Wildfire Smoke Exposure Is Associated with Adverse Respiratory Events under General Anesthesia in At-risk Pediatric Patients. | Increasing wildfire activity worldwide has led to exposure to poor air quality and numerous detrimental health impacts. This study hypothesized an association between exposure to poor air quality from wildfire smoke and adverse respiratory events under general anesthesia in pediatric patients. |
35950819 | Comparing biomechanical time series data across countermovement shrug loads. | The effect of load on time-series data has yet to be investigated during weightlifting derivatives. This pared the effect of load on the force-time and velocity-time curves during the countermovement shrug (CMS). Twenty-nine males performed the CMS at relative loads of 40%, 60%, 80%, 100%, 120%, and 140% one repetition maximum (1RM) power clean (PC). A force plate measured the vertical ground reaction force (VGRF), which was used to calculate the barbell-lifter system velocity. Time-series data were normalized to 100% of the movement duration and assessed via statistical parametric mapping (SPM). SPM analysis showed greater negative velocity at heavier loads early in the unweighting phase (12-38% of the movement), and greater positive velocity at lower loads during the last 16% of the movement. Relative loads of 40% 1RM PC maximised propulsion velocity, whilst 140% 1RM maximized force. At higher loads, the braking and propulsive mence at an earlier percentage of the time-normalized movement, and the total absolute durations increase with load. It may be more appropriate to prescribe the CMS during a maximal strength mesocycle given the ability to use supramaximal loads. Future research should assess training at different loads on the effects of performance. |
35950820 | The Clinical Implementation of NEWS, SOFA, and CALL Scores in Predicting the In-Hospital Outcome of Severe or Critical COVID-19 Patients. | To date, there is no specific validated coronavirus disease 2019 score to assess the disease severity. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of the National Early Warning Score, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, and Comorbidity-Age-Lymphocyte count-Lactate dehydrogenase scores in predicting the in-hospital e of critical or severe coronavirus disease 2019 patients. |
35950817 | Naturalistic Psychedelic Use: A World Apart from Clinical Care. | Interest in and availability of psychedelics for therapeutic purposes has increased in recent decades. In a large, anonymous, online survey, we investigated patterns munication with healthcare providers and awareness and utilization of substance testing kits or services among people using psychedelics naturalistically. The sample population included attendees of a psychedelic activism event and users of psychedelic social media forums. Among 1,435 participants, 72.5% never discussed psychedelic use with their primary care provider (PCP). Only 4.4% reported using psychedelics with a therapist and 3% in clinical settings, although 77.8% were very or extremely likely to take psychedelics with a therapist if one were legally available. While 62.6% of participants were aware of substance testing services, 42.6% of these indicated never using them. Regression analyses identified several variables associated with disclosure to PCP and utilization of substance testing services including age, gender, frequency and number of psychedelics used, and likelihood of consuming psychedelics under the guidance of a therapist if one were legally available. Further research is necessary to investigate these findings among other groups. Our findings suggest that relevant training and education for healthcare providers is needed, along with more visible options for substance identity testing. |
35950821 | Parathyroid Hormone on Osteoprotegerin Levels in Patients with Primary Hyperparathyroidism. | Osteoprotegerin is a glycoprotein that plays a major role in the regulation of bone turnover. The influence of parathyroid hormone, an important regulator of bone remodeling, on osteoprotegerin production is controversial. The purpose of the study was to assess the influence of parathyroid hormone on the circulating level of osteoprotegerin in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism paring it with healthy controls. |
35950822 | Effects of Recruitment Maneuvers on Oxygenation and Intracranial Pressure in the Experimental ARDS Model. | The most efficient recruitment maneuver (RM) for oxygenation in patients under mechanical circulatory support with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has not been described yet. In this study, we have evaluated the effects of three recruitment maneuvers on oxygenation and intracranial pressure. |
35950823 | D-Dimer as a Sensitive Biomarker of Survival Rate in Patients with COVID-19. | The global case fatality rate of coronavirus disease 2019 is 2.16% as announced by the World Health Organization. In Indonesia, according to the Ministry of Health, the number is even higher, reaching a 2.8% case fatality rate. D-dimer levels were found to affect coronavirus disease 2019 patient's survival in several studies. The study aimed to determine whether the amount of D-dimer predicted survival in coronavirus disease 2019 patients. |
35950824 | Multicomponent Educational-Rehabilitation Approach in Rehabilitation of Patients After Stroke. | Rehabilitation must be based on the individual needs and specific goals of the person and must be adapted to his abilities. According to the mendation of the World Stroke Organization, the team involved in conducting rehabilitation should be multidisciplinary. One of the treatments that are applied within the multidisciplinary approach to a neurological patient is educational-rehabilitation treatment, which is ponent in nature. Before starting educational-rehabilitation treatment, an educational-rehabilitation clinical assessment is necessary, which aims to detect difficulties caused by impairment; identify potentials and constraints in these areas; determine the specifics, course, and forecasts of difficulties; formulate clear treatment mendations; form a watch list that will be available to all team members in the process of diagnosis, treatment, education, and to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment; and continuously monitor the ability and adaptive behavior of the person. Educational-rehabilitation clinical treatment includes treatment of cognitive abilities, treatment of motor skills, relaxation, treatment of adaptive skills, as well as informing the person about the disease and counseling. This review focuses on some aspects of rehabilitation such as treatment of cognitive and motor disorders, treatment of adaptive skills, relaxation issues, and informing and counseling patients from the perspective of an educational rehabilitator with practical experiences in this area of rehabilitation. |
35950826 | The Effects of Laboratory Parameters on the Prognosis of COVID-19. | While the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic is an ongoing issue across the world, understanding the course of the disease is important for early diagnosis and treatment. We aimed, with this study, to determine the differences between laboratory parameters in different clinical pictures of coronavirus disease 2019. |
35950825 | Evaluation of Factors Predicting the Effectiveness of Regorafenib in the Treatment of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. | Regorafenib is a multikinase inhibitor, the effectiveness of which was demonstrated in metastatic colorectal cancer. This study aimed to investigate the factors that could predict the effectiveness of regorafenib. |
35950827 | Vitamin D Level in Laboratory Confirmed COVID-19 and Disease Progression. | There is no conclusive evidence to suggest vitamin D level can prevent or treat infection with the new coronavirus disease 2019. This study aimed to investigate the effects of serum level of vitamin D in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 on death, severity, and hospitalization duration. |
35950828 | Subclinical Arrhythmias and Conduction Disturbances in Children with Myopericarditis: A 24-hour Holter Monitorization Study. | Myopericarditis is reported as a benign clinical entity in children and adolescents. However, there is no study investigating specifically the arrhythmias in these children. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the frequency of arrhythmias and conduction disturbances from surface electrocardiography and 24-hour Holter monitor, in children with myopericarditis. |
35950829 | The Clinical Outcomes of COVID-19 in Patients with Behçet's Disease: A Series of 7 Cases and Brief Review of the Literature. | Conventional debates surrounding the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 still continue in the literature. Colchicine is one of the mended agents in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019, but there are also studies giving negative opinions for the said agent. Some researchers suggest that those patients using colchicine have milder clinic symptoms. Behçet's disease is a multisystemic disease with an uncertain etiopathogenesis that is characterized by chronic inflammatory vasculitis. Autoimmunity is believed to play a key role in the pathogenesis of Behçet's disease. Immunomodulator, corticosteroid, and immunosuppressive drugs are used in its treatment. Seven Behçet's patients with coronavirus disease 2019 were presented in this study, and the drugs used, prognosis, panying diseases, hospitalization, plications were discussed in the light of the literature. |
35950830 | Dissociative Absorption May Contribute to Internet Gaming Disorder Independent of Childhood Trauma and ADHD Symptoms Among Male University Students. | We aimed to investigate the relationship between childhood trauma, dissociative experiences, and internet gaming disorder in male university students with probable attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder determined by both childhood and current attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms. |
35950831 | 47D11 Antibody-Engineered Exosomes for Targeted Delivery of Remdesivir in Patients with COVID-19: Dream or Principle? (A Critical Editorial Study). | Along with the high transmission rate of coronavirus disease 2019 infection in the last few months, the morbidity and mortality rate of coronavirus disease 2019 has been increased among critically-ill patients, especially the elderly or the ones with immunodeficiencies. So, there is an urgent need to develop more effective therapeutic agents through immunopathophysiological and immunotherapeutic-based strategies for these patients. Here, we hypothesize that mixing S1b-RBD-expressing mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (which have been previously enriched with Remdesivir) with 47D11 antibody, can promisingly guarantee effective transferring of those targeted exosomes to the targeted microenvironment of coronavirus disease 2019 infection. In addition, it can induce their immunomodulatory properties, and anti-viral features, refraining from entrance of severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus-2 to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2-expressing cells. |
35950833 | Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Radical Prostatectomy: A Turkish Multicenter Study. | The present study examines the effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on radical prostatectomy performed as part of localized prostate cancer treatment in Turkey. |
35950834 | A Novel Modification of Ureteral Reimplantation (Combined Technique) in Pediatric Patients: A Preliminary Case Series. | In this video, we present a new open ureteral reimplantation approach (combined technique) with preliminary results from 32 renal units. |
35950832 | Nanoscale Tracking Combined with Cell-Scale Microrheology Reveals Stepwise Increases in Force Generated by Cancer Cell Protrusions. | In early breast cancer progression, cancer cells invade through a nanoporous basement membrane (BM) as a first key step toward metastasis. This invasion is thought to be mediated by bination of proteases, which biochemically degrade BM matrix, and physical forces, which mechanically open up holes in the matrix. To date, techniques that quantify cellular forces of BM invasion in 3D culture have been unavailable. Here, we developed cellular-force measurements for breast cancer cell invasion in 3D culture bine multiple-particle tracking of force-induced BM-matrix displacements at the nanoscale, and magnetic microrheometry of localized matrix mechanics. We find that cancer-cell protrusions exert forces from picoNewtons up to nanoNewtons during invasion. Strikingly, the protrusions extension involves stepwise increases in force, in steps of 0.2 to 0.5 nN exerted from every 30 s to 6 min. Thus, this technique reveals previously unreported dynamics of force generation by invasive protrusions in cancer cells. |
35950835 | PET imaging to assess fibroblast activation protein inhibitor biodistribution: A training program adapted to pharmacology education. | In the process of pharmacology education, practical teaching is an plement to theoretical teaching. These activities include the use of experimental animals to obtain certain pharmacological parameters or to help students understand certain classical concepts. However, the growing interest in laboratory animal welfare, the rapid development of pharmacology research and the challenges of cultivating innovative pharmacy talent create a need for innovative and flexible in vitro experiments for teaching purposes. Here, we report the application of positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of |
35950837 | Unmet Needs and Associated Factors among Community-living Older People with Disability in China: 2005-2014. | Based on the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey from 2005 to 2014, this study estimated the prevalence and examined risk factors of under-met needs pletely unmet needs for assistance in activities of daily living (ADLs) munity-living older people with disability in China. As of 2014, over 50% munity-living Chinese elders with disability experienced under-met needs, and nearly 5% pletely unmet needs. From 2005 to 2014, the proportion pletely unmet needs doubled for all disabled elders. Significant risk factors of under-met needs included lower per capita annual household e, more ADL limitations, living alone, and fewer living children, and those pletely unmet needs included less ADL limitations and living alone. More policy attention should be paid to address the gap between long-term care services for older persons with severe disability and supportive services for those who are relatively healthy, toward ultimately establishing a care continuum for the elderly at all stages of their life course. In addition, family care for elders with severe functional impairments should be supplemented by professional long-term care services to best meet their needs. |
35950838 | A machine learning framework for discovery and enrichment of metagenomics metadata from open access publications. | Metagenomics is a culture-independent method for studying the microbes inhabiting a particular environment. Comparing position of samples (functionally/taxonomically), either from a longitudinal study or cross-sectional studies, can provide clues into how the microbiota has adapted to the environment. However, a recurring challenge, especially paring results between independent studies, is that key metadata about the sample and molecular methods used to extract and sequence the genetic material are often missing from sequence records, making it difficult to account for confounding factors. Nevertheless, these missing metadata may be found in the narrative of publications describing the research. Here, we describe a machine learning framework that automatically extracts essential metadata for a wide range of metagenomics studies from the literature contained in Europe PMC. This framework has enabled the extraction of metadata from 114,099 publications in Europe PMC, including 19,900 publications describing metagenomics studies in European Nucleotide Archive (ENA) and MGnify. Using this framework, a new metagenomics annotations pipeline was developed and integrated into Europe PMC to regularly enrich up-to-date ENA and MGnify metagenomics studies with metadata extracted from research articles. These metadata are now available for researchers to explore and retrieve in the MGnify and Europe PMC websites, as well as Europe PMC annotations API. |
35950839 | The complexity landscape of viral genomes. | Viruses are among the shortest yet highly abundant species that harbor minimal instructions to infect cells, adapt, multiply, and exist. However, with the current substantial availability of viral genome sequences, the scientific repertory lacks plexity landscape that automatically enlights viral genomes' organization, relation, and fundamental characteristics. |
35950840 | DeePVP: Identification and classification of phage virion proteins using deep learning. | Many biological properties of phages are determined by phage virion proteins (PVPs), and the poor annotation of PVPs is a bottleneck for many areas of viral research, such as viral phylogenetic analysis, viral host identification, and antibacterial drug design. Because of the high diversity of PVP sequences, the PVP annotation of a phage genome remains a particularly challenging bioinformatic task. |
35950842 | Treatment Outcomes of Cavitary Nodular Bronchiectatic-Type Mycobacterium avium Complex Pulmonary Disease. | We investigated the treatment es of patients with cavitary nodular bronchiectatic (C-NB)-type Mycobacterium plex (MAC) pulmonary disease (PD) via parisons between the fibrocavitary (FC) and C-NB types treated with guideline-based therapy posed of daily three-drug oral antibiotics and injectable aminoglycoside. Additionally, we analyzed whether treatment with oral antibiotics alone would result in acceptable es for the C-NB type. From 2002 to 2019, patients with cavitary MAC-PD who received three-drug oral antibiotics with or without an injectable aminoglycoside for ≥1 year were retrospectively enrolled at a tertiary referral center in South Korea. pared the rates of culture conversion at 12 months according to the radiological type and treatment regimen. The overall culture conversion rate at 12 months of 154 patients with cavitary MAC-PD who received GBT was 75.3%. Among them, the culture conversion rates of 114 patients with the C-NB type were higher than that of 40 patients with the FC-type (80.7% versus 60.0%, respectively; |
35950841 | A COVID-19-Dedicated Facility for the Care of Older Adults During a Health Emergency: An Italian Experience. | Older adults living in long-term care facilities (LTCF) are particularly vulnerable to COVID-19. We describe the clinical characteristics, the course of disease, and the care needs of 38 non-self-sufficient adults with COVID-19 in an LTCF specially set up for those who could not be discharged home or to a standard LTCF. Residents spent an average of 30.5 days in the facility (range 4-77 days). Most of them recovered and were discharged home or to their LTCF of origin. It seems feasible to set up dedicated facilities to treat and provide assistance in the activities of daily living to older adults with COVID-19. |
35950843 | A Lysozyme Murein Hydrolase with Broad-Spectrum Antibacterial Activity from Enterobacter Phage myPSH1140. | Bacteriophages and bacteriophage-derived peptidoglycan hydrolases (endolysins) present promising alternatives for the treatment of infections caused by multidrug resistant Gram-negative and Gram-positive pathogens. In this study, Gp105, a putative lysozyme murein hydrolase from Enterobacter phage myPSH1140 was characterized |
35950844 | Detection of Plasmid-Mediated Resistance to Metronidazole in Clostridioides difficile from River Water. | Clostridioides difficile is one of the most important human pathogens. The identification of its possible sources is important for the understanding of C. difficile infection (CDI) epidemiology. A total of 16 water samples from wastewater and surface water in South Moravia in the Czech Republic and 82 samples of fish and gulls were collected between May and July 2019. C. difficile isolates were cultured by direct plating and after enrichment on chromogenic media. Susceptibility testing to eight antimicrobials was performed by Etest. C. difficile isolates were characterized by ribotyping, multilocus sequence typing, multilocus tandem repeats analysis, and toxin gene detection. Samples from fish and gulls were C. difficile negative; a total of 15 C. difficile isolates from 8 out of 16 water samples were cultured (6 out of 14 surface water samples yielded 6 isolates, and 2 out of 2 wastewater samples yielded 9 isolates). Direct plating was culture positive in 6 out of 16 samples (12 isolates), and enrichment culture was positive in an additional 2 out of 16 samples (3 isolates). Twelve different ribotyping profiles and 14 sequence types of clades 1, 4, and 5 were identified. Five isolates did not carry genes for toxins, and eight isolates carried genes for toxins A and B; the remaining two isolates (RT078) carried the genes for toxins A, B, and binary. All C. difficile isolates were susceptible to amoxicillin, moxifloxacin, tetracycline, and ycin and resistant to ciprofloxacin. A high level of erythromycin resistance (>256 mg/L) was detected in eight isolates. Clindamycin resistance was found in 14 isolates, 6 of which showed a high level of resistance (>256 mg/L) and carried |
35950847 | Mumps serological surveillance following 10 years of a one-dose mumps-containing-vaccine policy in Fujian Province, China. | Since 2008, Fujian province provided measles-rubella (MR) vaccine at 8 months followed by measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine at 18 months a one-dose mumps-containing-vaccine (MuCV) schedule. Several mumps outbreaks have occurred recently in Fujian. Serological surveillance can assess population immunity to mumps and identify risk factors for mumps. |
35950845 | Engineering of Cyclodextrin Glycosyltransferase through a Size/Polarity Guided Triple-Code Strategy with Enhanced α-Glycosyl Hesperidin Synthesis Ability. | Hesperidin, a flavonoid enriched in citrus peel, can be enzymatically glycosylated using CGTase with significantly improved water solubility. However, the reaction catalyzed by wild-type CGTase is rather inefficient, reflected in the poor production rate and yield. By focusing on the aglycon attacking step, seven residues were selected for mutagenesis in order to improve the transglycosylation efficiency. Due to the lack of high-throughput screening technology regarding to the studied reaction, we developed a size/polarity guided triple-code strategy in order to reduce the library size. The selected residues were replaced by three rationally chosen amino acids with either changed size or polarity, leading to an extremely condensed library with only 32 mutants to be screened. Twenty-five percent of the constructed mutants were proved to be positive, suggesting the high quality of the constructed library. Specific transglycosylation activity of the best mutant Y217F was assayed to be 935.7 U/g, and its |
35950846 | High-Throughput COVID-19 Testing of Naso-Oropharyngeal Swabs Using a Sensitive Extraction-Free Sample Preparation Method. | High-throughput diagnostic assays are required for large-scale population testing for severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The gold standard technique for SARS-CoV-2 detection in nasopharyngeal swab specimens is nucleic acid extraction followed by real-time reverse transcription-PCR. Two mercial extraction and detection systems are used routinely in our laboratory: the Roche cobas SARS-CoV-2 assay (cobas) and the Roche MagNA Pure 96 bined with the SpeeDx PlexPCR SARS-CoV-2 assay (Plex). As an alternative to more costly instrumentation, or tedious sample pooling to increase throughput, we developed a high-throughput extraction-free sample preparation method for naso-oropharyngeal swabs using the PlexPCR SARS-CoV-2 assay (Direct). A collection of SARS-CoV-2-positive ( |
35950848 | Efficacy and safety of chemotherapy regimens for first-line treatment of advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in Asia: a systematic review. | There is no consensus on the optimal palliative first-line chemotherapy regimen for East Asian patients with advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). |
35950849 | DNA damage and reticular stress in cytotoxicity and oncotic cell death of MCF-7 cells treated with fluopsin C. | Fluopsin C is an pound derived from secondary metabolism of different microorganisms, which possesses antitumor, antibacterial, and antifungal activity. Related to fluopsin C antiproliferative activity, the aim of this study was to examine the following parameters: cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, cell cycle arrest, cell death induction (apoptosis), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), colony formation, and mRNA expression of genes involved in adaptive stress responses and cellular death utilizing a monolayer. In addition, a three-dimensional cell culture was used to evaluate the effects on growth of tumor spheroids. Fluopsin C was cytotoxic (1) producing cell division arrest in the G |
35950850 | Gastrointestinal Biogeography of Luminal Microbiota and Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Sika Deer (Cervus nippon). | The gut microbiota of sika deer has been widely investigated, but the spatial distribution of symbiotic microbes among physical niches in the gastrointestinal tract remains to be established. While feces are the monly used biological samples in these studies, the accuracy of fecal matter as a proxy of the microbiome at other gastrointestinal sites is as yet unknown. In the present study, luminal contents obtained along the longitudinal axis of deer gastrointestinal tract (rumen, reticulum, omasum, abomasum, small intestine, cecum, colon, and rectum) were subjected to 16S rRNA gene sequencing for profiling of the position, and samples from the rumen, small intestine, and cecum were subjected to metabolomic analysis to evaluate short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) profiles. |
35950851 | A comparison of panitumumab and cetuximab in the treatment of KRAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | Cetuximab and panitumumab mon antibodies against epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) that can be used bination with chemotherapy for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Although these two drugs are considered to be very similar, differences in the efficacy and safety of cetuximab and panitumumab are still unclear. We conducted this meta-analysis to explore the effects and adverse reactions of cetuximab and panitumumab in the treatment of mCRC. |
35950853 | Use of a Novel DNA-Loaded Alginate-Calcium Carbonate Biopolymer Surrogate to Study the Engulfment of Legionella pneumophila by Acanthamoeba polyphaga in Water Systems. | The engulfment of Legionella pneumophila by free-living amoebae (FLA) in engineered water systems (EWS) enhances L. pneumophila persistence and provides a vehicle for rapid replication and increased public health risk. Despite numerous legionellosis outbreaks worldwide, effective tools for studying interactions between L. pneumophila and FLA in EWS are lacking. To address this, we have developed a biopolymer surrogate with a similar size, shape, surface charge, and hydrophobicity to those of stationary-phase L. pneumophila. Parallel experiments were conducted to observe the engulfment of L. pneumophila and the surrogate by Acanthamoeba polyphaga in dechlorinated, filter-sterilised tap water at 30°C for 72 h. Trophozoites engulfed both the surrogate and L. pneumophila, reaching maximum uptake after 2 and 6 h, respectively, but the peak surrogate uptake was ~2-log lower. Expulsion of the engulfed surrogate from |
35950852 | Efficient Cas9-based Genome Editing Using CRISPR Analysis Webtools in Severe Early-onset-obesity Patient-derived iPSCs. | The CRISPR system is an adaptive defense mechanism used by bacteria and archaea against viruses and plasmids. The discovery of the CRISPR-associated protein Cas9 and its RNA-guided cleavage mechanism marked the beginning of a new era in genomic engineering by enabling the editing of a target region in the genome. Gene-edited cells or mice can be used as models for understanding human diseases. Given its high impact in functional genomic experiments on different model systems, several CRISPR/Cas9 protocols have been generated in the past years. The technique uses a straightforward "cut and stitch" mechanism, but requires an accurate step-by-step design. One of the key points is the use of an efficient programmable guide RNA to increase the rate of success in obtaining gene-specific edited clones. Here, we describe an efficient editing protocol using a ribonucleotide protein plex for homology-directed repair (HDR)-based correction of a point mutation in an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line generated from a 14-year-old patient with severe early-onset obesity carrying a de novo variant of ARNT2. The resulting isogenic iPSC line, named CUIMCi003-A-1, has a normal karyotype, expresses stemness markers, and can be differentiated into progenies from all three germ layers. We provide a detailed workflow for designing a single guide RNA and donor DNA, and for isolating clonal human iPSCs edited with the desired modification. This article also focuses on parameters to consider when selecting reagents for CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing after testing their efficiency with in silico tools. © 2022 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: Design of sgRNAs and PCR primers Basic Protocol 2: Testing the efficiency of sgRNAs Basic Protocol 3: Design of template or donor DNA Basic Protocol 4: Targeted gene editing Basic Protocol 5: Selection of positive clones Basic Protocol 6: Freezing, thawing, and expansion of cells Basic Protocol 7: Characterization of edited cell lines. |
35950857 | Protein Myristoylation Plays a Role in the Nuclear Entry of the Parvovirus Minute Virus of Mice. | Being nonpathogenic to humans, rodent parvoviruses (PVs) are naturally oncolytic viruses with great potential as anti-cancer agents. As these viruses replicate in the host cell nucleus, they must gain access to the nucleus during infection. The PV minute virus of mice (MVM) and several other PVs transiently disrupt the nuclear envelope (NE) and enter the nucleus through the resulting breaks. However, the molecular basis of this unique nuclear entry pathway remains uncharacterized. In this study, we used MVM as a model to investigate the molecular mechanism by which PVs induce NE disruption during viral nuclear entry. bining bioinformatics analyses, metabolic labeling assays, mutagenesis, and pharmacological inhibition, we identified a functional myristoylation site at the sequence |
35950855 | Biofilm Formation and Structure in the Filamentous Fungus Fusarium graminearum, a Plant Pathogen. | Biofilms are protective structures for pathogens of plants and animals, in which cells are shielded from host defense responses and antimicrobial treatments. Although biofilms are well studied in bacterial pathogens, their development and structure in filamentous fungi, as well as their role in pathogenicity, are poorly understood. We show that the economically important plant pathogen Fusarium graminearum, a filamentous fungus, forms biofilms |
35950858 | The Emergence, Diversification, and Transmission of Subgroup J Avian Leukosis Virus Reveals that the Live Chicken Trade Plays a Critical Role in the Adaption and Endemicity of Viruses to the Yellow-Chickens. | The geographical spread and inter-host transmission of the subgroup J avian leukosis virus (ALV-J) may be the most important issues for epidemiology. An integrated analysis, including phylogenetic trees, homology modeling, evolutionary dynamics, selection analysis and viral transmission, based on the gp85 gene sequences of the 665 worldwide ALV-J isolates during 1988-2020, was performed. A new Clade 3 has been emerging and was evolved from the dominating Clade 1.3 of the Chinese Yellow-chicken, and the loss of a α-helix or β-sheet of the gp85 protein monomer was found by the homology modeling. The rapid evolution found in Clades 1.3 and 3 may be closely associated with the adaption and endemicity of viruses to the Yellow-chickens. The early U.S. strains from Clade 1.1 acted as an important source for the global spread of ALV-J and the earliest introduction into China was closely associated with the imported chicken breeders in the 1990s. The dominant outward migrations of Clades 1.1 and 1.2, respectively, from the Chinese northern White-chickens and layers to the Chinese southern Yellow-chickens, and the dominating migration of Clade 1.3 from the Chinese southern Yellow-chickens to other regions and hosts, indicated that the long-distance movement of these viruses between regions in China was associated with the live chicken trade. Furthermore, Yellow-chickens have been facing the risk of infections of the emerging Clades 2 and 3. Our findings provide new insights for the epidemiology and help to understand the critical factors involved in ALV-J dissemination. |
35950854 | Amyloid Aggregates Are Localized to the Nonadherent Detached Fraction of Aging Streptococcus mutans Biofilms. | The number of bacterial species recognized to utilize purposeful amyloid aggregation within biofilms continues to grow. The oral pathogen Streptococcus mutans produces several amyloidogenic proteins, including adhesins P1 (also known as AgI/II, PAc) and WapA, whose truncation products, namely, AgII and AgA, respectively, represent the amyloidogenic moieties. Amyloids mon biophysical properties, including recognition by Thioflavin T (ThT) and Congo red (CR) dyes that bind to the cross β-sheet quaternary structure of amyloid aggregates. Previously, we observed amyloid formation to occur only after 60 h or more of S. mutans biofilm growth. Here, we extend those findings to investigate where amyloid is detected within 1- and 5-day-old biofilms, including within tightly pared with those in nonadherent fractions. CR birefringence and ThT uptake demonstrated amyloid within nonadherent material removed from 5-day-old cultures but not within 1-day-old or adherent samples. These experiments were done in conjunction with confocal microscopy and immunofluorescence staining with AgII- and AgA-reactive antibodies, including monoclonal reagents shown to discriminate between monomeric protein and amyloid aggregates. These results also localized amyloid primarily to the nonadherent fraction of biofilms. Lastly, we show that the C-terminal region of P1 loses adhesive function following amyloidogenesis and is no longer able petitively inhibit binding of S. mutans to its physiologic substrate, salivary agglutinin. Taken together, our results provide new evidence that amyloid aggregation negatively impacts the functional activity of a widely studied S. mutans adhesin and are consistent with a model in which amyloidogenesis of adhesive proteins facilitates the detachment of aging biofilms. |
35950856 | Comparative Assessment of Filtration- and Precipitation-Based Methods for the Concentration of SARS-CoV-2 and Other Viruses from Wastewater. | Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has been widely used to track levels of SARS-CoV-2 infection in munity during the COVID-19 pandemic. Due to the rapid expansion of WBE, many methods have been used and developed for virus concentration and detection in wastewater. However, very little information is available on the relative performance of these approaches. In this study, pared the performance of monly used wastewater concentration methods for the detection and quantification of pathogenic viruses (SARS-CoV-2, norovirus, rotavirus, influenza, and measles viruses), fecal indicator viruses (crAssphage, adenovirus, pepper mild mottle virus), and process control viruses (murine norovirus and bacteriophage Phi6) in laboratory spiking experiments. The methods evaluated included those based on either ultrafiltration (Amicon centrifugation units and InnovaPrep device) or precipitation (using polyethylene glycol [PEG], beef extract-enhanced PEG, and ammonium sulfate). The two best methods were further tested on 115 unspiked wastewater samples. We found that the volume position of the wastewater and the characteristics of the target viruses greatly affected virus recovery, regardless of the method used for concentration. All tested methods are suitable for routine virus concentration; however, the Amicon ultrafiltration method and the beef extract-enhanced PEG precipitation methods yielded the best recoveries. We mend the use of ultrafiltration-based concentration for low sample volumes with high virus titers and ammonium levels and the use of precipitation-based concentration for rare pathogen detection in high-volume samples. |
35950861 | Pathogen-Specific Bactericidal Method Mediated by Conjugative Delivery of CRISPR-Cas13a Targeting Bacterial Endogenous Transcripts. | The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria threatens public health, and the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics often leads to unintended consequences, including disturbing the beneficial gut microbiota and resulting in secondary diseases. Therefore, developing a novel strategy that specifically kills pathogens without affecting the residential microbiota is desirable and urgently needed. Here, we report the development of a precise bactericidal system by taking advantage of CRISPR-Cas13a targeting endogenous transcripts of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium delivered through a conjugative vehicle. |
35950863 | Accelerated shelf life modeling of appearance change in drug products using ASAP | An accelerated stability model approach was demonstrated to accurately predict the long-term shelf life of example drug substances and drug products (indigo carmine tablets and L-ascorbic acid powder) where appearance changes were shelf life-limiting. The products were exposed outside of packaging to conditions from 50 to 90 °C and 0-80% relative humidity for up to one month to accelerate appearance changes. The appearance changes of stressed samples were quantitated using the CIELAB color scale (calculated Δ |
35950860 | Boosting Cosmeceutical Peptides: Coupling Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids to Pentapeptide-4 Originates New Leads with Antimicrobial and Collagenesis-Inducing Activities. | Following our previous reports on dual-action antibacterial and collagenesis-inducing hybrid peptide constructs based on "pentapeptide-4" (PP4, with amino acid sequence KTTKS), whose |
35950862 | Using Shotgun Sequencing to Describe the Changes Induced by In-Feed Zinc Oxide and Apramycin in the Microbiomes of Pigs One Week Postweaning. | Postweaning diarrhea (PWD) is a relevant problem associated with early weaning on pig farms. For decades, in-feed antibiotics and therapeutic zinc oxide (ZnO) have been widely used to prevent PWD in piglets. The European Union is banning both strategies in 2022 due to antimicrobial resistance and environmental contamination concerns, respectively. Understanding the effects of these products on the pig microbiome is crucial for correcting potential microbial disbalances that would prompt PWD. Using shotgun sequencing, three trials were carried out to explore the impact of in-feed apramycin and bined with different farm hygiene protocols, on the fecal microbiomes of piglets 7 days postweaning. In trial 1, 28-day-old piglets were allocated to one of three groups: control diet (Ct), Ct + ZnO (Zn), and Ct + apramycin (Ab). In trials 2 and 3, piglets were allocated to the same treatments, but the trials also included different cleaning protocols, achieving different hygiene levels. In-feed treatments impacted the richness, diversity, and relative abundance of the piglets' microbiome more than hygiene. Pigs in the Ct group showed higher species richness than pigs in the Ab and Zn groups. A clustering analysis evidenced a link between |
35950859 | Dominant Negative Mutants of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Viral Infectivity Factor (Vif) Disrupt Core-Binding Factor Beta-Vif Interaction. | Apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing catalytic polypeptide-like 3 family members (APOBEC3s) are host restriction factors that inhibit viral replication. Viral infectivity factor (Vif), a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) accessory protein, mediates the degradation of APOBEC3s by forming the plex, in which core-binding factor beta (CBFβ) is an essential molecular chaperone. Here, we screened nonfunctional Vif mutants with high affinity for CBFβ to inhibit HIV-1 in a dominant negative manner. We applied the yeast surface display technology to express Vif random mutant libraries, and mutants showing high CBFβ affinity were screened using flow cytometry. Most of the screened Vif mutants containing random mutations of different frequencies were able to rescue APOBEC3G (A3G). In the subsequent screening, three of the mutants restricted HIV-1, recovered G-to-A hypermutation, and rescued APOBEC3s. Among them, Vif-6M showed a cross-protection effect toward APOBEC3C, APOBEC3F, and African green monkey A3G. Stable expression of Vif-6M in T lymphocytes inhibited the viral replication in newly HIV-1-infected cells and the chronically infected cell line H9/HXB2. Furthermore, the expression of Vif-6M provided a survival advantage to T lymphocytes infected with HIV-1. These results suggest that dominant negative Vif mutants acting on the Vif-CBFβ target potently restrict HIV-1. |
35950865 | Genome Sequence of Genotype 1A Hepatovirus A Isolated from Plasma from a Haitian Child. | Genotype 1A hepatovirus A was identified by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR and isolated from plasma from a Haitian child with acute undifferentiated febrile illness and malaise. The strain was most closely related to Brazilian strains, consistent with recognized patterns of virus movement in the Caribbean region. |
35950866 | Draft Genome Sequence of Bacillus paralicheniformis Strain GSFE7, a Halotolerant Plant Growth-Promoting Bacterial Endophyte Isolated from Cultivated Saline Areas of the Dead Sea Region. | Here, we report the draft genome sequence of Bacillus paralicheniformis strain GSFE7, which was isolated from saline fields near the Dead Sea region. The genome was 4,452,800 bp in size and contained 4,382 coding sequences. Several genes were predicted to be involved in auxin production, nitrogen fixation, phosphate mobilization, and putative production of siderophores and antibiotics such as bacitracin, butirosin, and fengycin. |
35950868 | Complete Genome Sequence from an Uncultivated Freshwater | Here, we report the plete genome of an uncultivated freshwater |
35950869 | Genome Sequences of 16 Enterovirus Isolates from Environmental Sewage in Guatemala, 2019 to 2021. | Enteroviruses can cause human infectious disease. We report 16 plete genome sequences of enteroviruses that were isolated through environmental surveillance of wastewater in Guatemala. |
35950870 | Draft Genome Sequence of the Extremely Haloalkaliphilic and Homoacetic Bacterium Natroniella acetigena Z-7937 | Natroniella acetigena Z-7937 |
35950871 | Complete Genome Sequences of Four Macrolide-Resistant Nondiphtheritic | This report describes plete genome sequences of four isolates of the nondiphtheritic |
35950873 | Antibiotic Maintenance and Redevelopment of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Pulmonary Disease after Treatment of Mycobacterium avium Complex Pulmonary Disease. | Limited data are available regarding the impact of the antibiotic maintenance period on the redevelopment of nontuberculous mycobacteria-pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) after microbiological cure of Mycobacterium plex (MAC)-PD. This retrospective study included 631 MAC-PD patients who achieved microbiological cure between 1994 and 2021. Data on the antibiotic maintenance period, defined as the time between culture conversion and pletion, were collected. Redevelopment, the subsequent diagnosis of NTM-PD regardless of causative organism after microbiological cure, was investigated. Factors associated with redevelopment were analyzed after adjusting for disease severity using the |
35950872 | Impact of 100 LRRK2 variants linked to Parkinson's disease on kinase activity and microtubule binding. | Mutations enhancing the kinase activity of leucine-rich repeat kinase-2 (LRRK2) cause Parkinson's disease (PD) and therapies that reduce LRRK2 kinase activity are being tested in clinical trials. Numerous rare variants of unknown clinical significance have been reported, but how the vast majority impact on LRRK2 function is unknown. Here, we investigate 100 LRRK2 variants linked to PD, including previously described pathogenic mutations. We identify 23 LRRK2 variants that robustly stimulate kinase activity, including variants within the N-terminal non-catalytic regions (ARM (E334K, A419V), ANK (R767H), LRR (R1067Q, R1325Q)), as well as variants predicted to destabilize the ROC:CORB interface (ROC (A1442P, V1447M), CORA (R1628P) CORB (S1761R, L1795F)) and COR:COR dimer interface (CORB (R1728H/L)). Most activating variants decrease LRRK2 biomarker site phosphorylation (pSer935/pSer955/pSer973), consistent with the notion that the active kinase conformation blocks their phosphorylation. We conclude that the impact of variants on kinase activity is best evaluated by deploying a cellular assay of LRRK2-dependent Rab10 substrate pared with a biochemical kinase assay, as only a minority of activating variants (CORB (Y1699C, R1728H/L, S1761R) and kinase (G2019S, I2020T, T2031S)), enhance in vitro kinase activity of immunoprecipitated LRRK2. Twelve variants including several that activate LRRK2 and have been linked to PD, suppress microtubule association in the presence of a Type I kinase inhibitor (ARM (M712V), LRR (R1320S), ROC (A1442P, K1468E, S1508R), CORA (A1589S), CORB (Y1699C, R1728H/L) and WD40 (R2143M, S2350I, G2385R)). Our findings will stimulate work to better understand the mechanisms by which variants impact biology and provide rationale for variant carrier inclusion or exclusion in ongoing and future LRRK2 inhibitor clinical trials. |
35950874 | Acute fungicide self-poisoning - a prospective case series. | Pesticide self-poisoning is a global clinical and public health problem. While self-poisoning with insecticides and herbicides has been extensively studied, there is minimal literature on acute fungicide self-poisoning. We aimed to study the clinical course and e of fungicide self-poisoned patients recruited to a prospective cohort in Sri Lanka. |
35950878 | Hb Wanjiang: A New β-Globin Chain Variant with Two Amino Acid Substitutions ( | We report a new hemoglobin (Hb) variant that we have named Hb Wanjiang ( |
35950879 | Effects of traditional and novel proteolytic agents on tissue dissolution and dentine microhardness. | The study aimed to evaluate the tissue-dissolving ability of papain and bromelain with respect to that of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) at the temperatures of 25°C and 60°C. The study also assessed the effects of these proteolytic agents on radicular dentine microhardness. Warming NaOCl, papain and bromelain solutions resulted in significant tissue dissolution at all time intervals (p < 0.001). At 60°C, bromelain showed significantly higher tissue weight loss at every time interval pared to NaOCl (p < 0.001). All of the three organic tissue dissolvents reduced the microhardness at 1 hr pared to their respective baseline values. The reduction in microhardness from the baseline reading was statistically significant only in the papain group at 30 min (p = 0.018) and at 60 min (p = 0.03) pared to the control group. Hence it was concluded that bromelain exerted superior tissue dissolution action, especially when warmed, with minimal effect on dentine microhardness. |
35950880 | Mitochondria and ischemia reperfusion injury. | This review describes the role of mitochondria in ischemia-reperfusion-injury (IRI). |
35950875 | Metabolic Strategies Shared by Basement Residents of the Lost City Hydrothermal Field. | Alkaline fluids venting from chimneys of the Lost City hydrothermal field flow from a potentially vast microbial habitat within the seafloor where energy and organic molecules are released by chemical reactions within rocks uplifted from Earth's mantle. In this study, we investigated hydrothermal fluids venting from Lost City chimneys as windows into subseafloor environments where the products of geochemical reactions, such as molecular hydrogen (H |
35950881 | Regulatory and transitional B cells: potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in organ transplantation. | Regulatory B cells (Bregs) play a prominent role in various disease settings. While progress has been hindered by the lack of a specific Breg marker, new findings highlight their role modulating the alloimmune response and promoting allograft survival. |
35950883 | Extragenital lichen sclerosus: A comprehensive review. | Lichen sclerosus (LS) is a chronic inflammatory mucocutaneous disease of unknown aetiology. About 85% of total cases of LS are genital cases, while extragenital form is seen in only 15-20% of cases. Extragenital LS (EGLS) can occur simultaneously with genital form; however, in 6% of the cases, only extragenital form has been described. Genetic, autoimmune, infectious, environmental and hormonal factors are implicated in its aetiology. Extragenital LS presents as asymptomatic white opalescent papules, which cluster in plaques and slowly progress over time resulting in parchment-like skin usually involving upper trunk, neck and shoulders. Lesions are frequently panied by purpura/haemorrhagic spots. The relationship with morphoea has been a topic of debate. Association with several autoimmune diseases has been observed. Diagnosis is usually based on clinical and dermoscopic examination and further supported by histopathological findings. LS needs to be differentiated from several other dermatological conditions such as discoid lupus erythematosus, vitiligo, mycosis fungoides (hypopigmented variant), lichen planus, graft-versus-host disease and morphoea depending upon the stage of the disease. Generally, extragenital LS is believed to lack carcinogenic potential. However, case reports with possible malignant transformation have been described. In this article, the authors have described a concise review of the extragenital form of LS. |
35950884 | Durable mechanical circulatory support as bridge to heart transplantation. | Durable mechanical circulatory support (MCS) technology has changed over time as devices have evolved from pulsatile to continuous flow support. In this review, we discuss recent data and substantial changes to current practice as it pertains to the subject of current era durable left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) as a bridge to heart transplantation. |
35950885 | Parental history of positive development and child behavior in next generation offspring: A two-cohort prospective intergenerational study. | This study examined whether positive development (PD) in adolescence and young adulthood predicts offspring behavior in two Australasian intergenerational cohorts. The Australian Temperament Project Generation 3 Study assessed PD at age 19-28 (years 2002-2010) and behavior in 1165 infants (12-18 months; 608 girls) of 694 Australian-born parents (age 29-35; 2012-2019; 399 mothers). The Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Parenting Study assessed PD at age 15-18 (years 1987-1991) and behavior in 695 preschoolers (3-5 years; 349 girls) and their New Zealand born parents (age 21-46; 1994-2018; 363 mothers; 89% European ethnicity). In both cohorts, PD before parenthood predicted more positive offspring behavior (β |
35950886 | Preserving and rejuvenating old organs for transplantation: novel treatments including the potential of senolytics. | Older donors have the potential to close the gap between demand and supply in solid organs transplantation. Utilizing older organs, at the same time, has been associated with worse short- and long-term es. Here, we introduce potential mechanisms on how treatments during machine perfusion (MP) may safely improve the utilization of older organs. |
35950888 | The role of ex-situ perfusion for thoracic organs. | Ex-situ machine perfusion for both heart (HTx) and lung transplantation (LuTx) reduces ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), allows for greater flexibility in geographical donor management, continuous monitoring, organ assessment for extended evaluation, and potential reconditioning of marginal organs. In this review, we will delineate the impact of machine perfusion, characterize novel opportunities, and outline potential challenges lying ahead to improve further implementation. |