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1 | 7405-7408 | 5
Example 9 5
Example 9 5
Solution
Solution
Solution
Solution
Solution
Amines can be considered as derivatives of ammonia obtained by replacement of
hydrogen atoms with alkyl or aryl groups Replacement of one hydrogen atom of
ammonia gives rise to structure of the type R-NH2, known as primary amine |
1 | 7406-7409 | 5
Example 9 5
Solution
Solution
Solution
Solution
Solution
Amines can be considered as derivatives of ammonia obtained by replacement of
hydrogen atoms with alkyl or aryl groups Replacement of one hydrogen atom of
ammonia gives rise to structure of the type R-NH2, known as primary amine Secondary amines are characterised by the structure R2NH or R-NHR¢¢¢¢¢ and tertiary
amines by R3N, RNR¢¢¢¢¢R¢¢¢¢¢¢¢¢¢¢ or R2NR¢ |
1 | 7407-7410 | 5
Solution
Solution
Solution
Solution
Solution
Amines can be considered as derivatives of ammonia obtained by replacement of
hydrogen atoms with alkyl or aryl groups Replacement of one hydrogen atom of
ammonia gives rise to structure of the type R-NH2, known as primary amine Secondary amines are characterised by the structure R2NH or R-NHR¢¢¢¢¢ and tertiary
amines by R3N, RNR¢¢¢¢¢R¢¢¢¢¢¢¢¢¢¢ or R2NR¢ ¢ |
1 | 7408-7411 | Replacement of one hydrogen atom of
ammonia gives rise to structure of the type R-NH2, known as primary amine Secondary amines are characterised by the structure R2NH or R-NHR¢¢¢¢¢ and tertiary
amines by R3N, RNR¢¢¢¢¢R¢¢¢¢¢¢¢¢¢¢ or R2NR¢ ¢ ¢ |
1 | 7409-7412 | Secondary amines are characterised by the structure R2NH or R-NHR¢¢¢¢¢ and tertiary
amines by R3N, RNR¢¢¢¢¢R¢¢¢¢¢¢¢¢¢¢ or R2NR¢ ¢ ¢ ¢ |
1 | 7410-7413 | ¢ ¢ ¢ ¢ |
1 | 7411-7414 | ¢ ¢ ¢ Secondary and tertiary amines are known as
simple amines if the alkyl or aryl groups are the same and mixed amines if the
groups are different |
1 | 7412-7415 | ¢ ¢ Secondary and tertiary amines are known as
simple amines if the alkyl or aryl groups are the same and mixed amines if the
groups are different Like ammonia, all the three types of amines have one unshared
electron pair on nitrogen atom due to which they behave as Lewis bases |
1 | 7413-7416 | ¢ Secondary and tertiary amines are known as
simple amines if the alkyl or aryl groups are the same and mixed amines if the
groups are different Like ammonia, all the three types of amines have one unshared
electron pair on nitrogen atom due to which they behave as Lewis bases Amines are usually formed from nitro compounds, halides, amides, imides, etc |
1 | 7414-7417 | Secondary and tertiary amines are known as
simple amines if the alkyl or aryl groups are the same and mixed amines if the
groups are different Like ammonia, all the three types of amines have one unshared
electron pair on nitrogen atom due to which they behave as Lewis bases Amines are usually formed from nitro compounds, halides, amides, imides, etc They exhibit hydrogen bonding which influence their physical properties |
1 | 7415-7418 | Like ammonia, all the three types of amines have one unshared
electron pair on nitrogen atom due to which they behave as Lewis bases Amines are usually formed from nitro compounds, halides, amides, imides, etc They exhibit hydrogen bonding which influence their physical properties In
alkylamines, a combination of electron releasing, steric and H-bonding factors
influence the stability of the substituted ammonium cations in protic polar solvents
and thus affect the basic nature of amines |
1 | 7416-7419 | Amines are usually formed from nitro compounds, halides, amides, imides, etc They exhibit hydrogen bonding which influence their physical properties In
alkylamines, a combination of electron releasing, steric and H-bonding factors
influence the stability of the substituted ammonium cations in protic polar solvents
and thus affect the basic nature of amines Alkyl amines are found to be stronger
bases than ammonia |
1 | 7417-7420 | They exhibit hydrogen bonding which influence their physical properties In
alkylamines, a combination of electron releasing, steric and H-bonding factors
influence the stability of the substituted ammonium cations in protic polar solvents
and thus affect the basic nature of amines Alkyl amines are found to be stronger
bases than ammonia In aromatic amines, electron releasing and withdrawing groups,
respectively increase and decrease their basic character |
1 | 7418-7421 | In
alkylamines, a combination of electron releasing, steric and H-bonding factors
influence the stability of the substituted ammonium cations in protic polar solvents
and thus affect the basic nature of amines Alkyl amines are found to be stronger
bases than ammonia In aromatic amines, electron releasing and withdrawing groups,
respectively increase and decrease their basic character Aniline is a weaker base
Summary
Summary
Summary
Summary
Summary
Rationalised 2023-24
278
Chemistry
than ammonia |
1 | 7419-7422 | Alkyl amines are found to be stronger
bases than ammonia In aromatic amines, electron releasing and withdrawing groups,
respectively increase and decrease their basic character Aniline is a weaker base
Summary
Summary
Summary
Summary
Summary
Rationalised 2023-24
278
Chemistry
than ammonia Reactions of amines are governed by availability of the unshared pair
of electrons on nitrogen |
1 | 7420-7423 | In aromatic amines, electron releasing and withdrawing groups,
respectively increase and decrease their basic character Aniline is a weaker base
Summary
Summary
Summary
Summary
Summary
Rationalised 2023-24
278
Chemistry
than ammonia Reactions of amines are governed by availability of the unshared pair
of electrons on nitrogen Influence of the number of hydrogen atoms at nitrogen atom
on the type of reactions and nature of products is responsible for identification and
distinction between primary, secondary and tertiary amines |
1 | 7421-7424 | Aniline is a weaker base
Summary
Summary
Summary
Summary
Summary
Rationalised 2023-24
278
Chemistry
than ammonia Reactions of amines are governed by availability of the unshared pair
of electrons on nitrogen Influence of the number of hydrogen atoms at nitrogen atom
on the type of reactions and nature of products is responsible for identification and
distinction between primary, secondary and tertiary amines p-Toluenesulphonyl chloride
is used for the identification of primary, secondary and tertiary amines |
1 | 7422-7425 | Reactions of amines are governed by availability of the unshared pair
of electrons on nitrogen Influence of the number of hydrogen atoms at nitrogen atom
on the type of reactions and nature of products is responsible for identification and
distinction between primary, secondary and tertiary amines p-Toluenesulphonyl chloride
is used for the identification of primary, secondary and tertiary amines Presence of
amino group in aromatic ring enhances reactivity of the aromatic amines |
1 | 7423-7426 | Influence of the number of hydrogen atoms at nitrogen atom
on the type of reactions and nature of products is responsible for identification and
distinction between primary, secondary and tertiary amines p-Toluenesulphonyl chloride
is used for the identification of primary, secondary and tertiary amines Presence of
amino group in aromatic ring enhances reactivity of the aromatic amines Reactivity of
aromatic amines can be controlled by acylation process, i |
1 | 7424-7427 | p-Toluenesulphonyl chloride
is used for the identification of primary, secondary and tertiary amines Presence of
amino group in aromatic ring enhances reactivity of the aromatic amines Reactivity of
aromatic amines can be controlled by acylation process, i e |
1 | 7425-7428 | Presence of
amino group in aromatic ring enhances reactivity of the aromatic amines Reactivity of
aromatic amines can be controlled by acylation process, i e , by treating with acetyl
chloride or acetic anhydride |
1 | 7426-7429 | Reactivity of
aromatic amines can be controlled by acylation process, i e , by treating with acetyl
chloride or acetic anhydride Tertiary amines like trimethylamine are used as insect
attractants |
1 | 7427-7430 | e , by treating with acetyl
chloride or acetic anhydride Tertiary amines like trimethylamine are used as insect
attractants Aryldiazonium salts, usually obtained from arylamines, undergo replacement of
the diazonium group with a variety of nucleophiles to provide advantageous methods
for producing aryl halides, cyanides, phenols and arenes by reductive removal of the
diazo group |
1 | 7428-7431 | , by treating with acetyl
chloride or acetic anhydride Tertiary amines like trimethylamine are used as insect
attractants Aryldiazonium salts, usually obtained from arylamines, undergo replacement of
the diazonium group with a variety of nucleophiles to provide advantageous methods
for producing aryl halides, cyanides, phenols and arenes by reductive removal of the
diazo group Coupling reaction of aryldiazonium salts with phenols or arylamines give
rise to the formation of azo dyes |
1 | 7429-7432 | Tertiary amines like trimethylamine are used as insect
attractants Aryldiazonium salts, usually obtained from arylamines, undergo replacement of
the diazonium group with a variety of nucleophiles to provide advantageous methods
for producing aryl halides, cyanides, phenols and arenes by reductive removal of the
diazo group Coupling reaction of aryldiazonium salts with phenols or arylamines give
rise to the formation of azo dyes 9 |
1 | 7430-7433 | Aryldiazonium salts, usually obtained from arylamines, undergo replacement of
the diazonium group with a variety of nucleophiles to provide advantageous methods
for producing aryl halides, cyanides, phenols and arenes by reductive removal of the
diazo group Coupling reaction of aryldiazonium salts with phenols or arylamines give
rise to the formation of azo dyes 9 1
Write IUPAC names of the following compounds and classify them into primary,
secondary and tertiary amines |
1 | 7431-7434 | Coupling reaction of aryldiazonium salts with phenols or arylamines give
rise to the formation of azo dyes 9 1
Write IUPAC names of the following compounds and classify them into primary,
secondary and tertiary amines (i) (CH3)2CHNH2
(ii) CH3(CH2)2NH2
(iii) CH3NHCH(CH3)2
(iv) (CH3)3CNH2
(v) C6H5NHCH3
(vi) (CH3CH2)2NCH3
(vii) m–BrC6H4NH2
9 |
1 | 7432-7435 | 9 1
Write IUPAC names of the following compounds and classify them into primary,
secondary and tertiary amines (i) (CH3)2CHNH2
(ii) CH3(CH2)2NH2
(iii) CH3NHCH(CH3)2
(iv) (CH3)3CNH2
(v) C6H5NHCH3
(vi) (CH3CH2)2NCH3
(vii) m–BrC6H4NH2
9 2
Give one chemical test to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds |
1 | 7433-7436 | 1
Write IUPAC names of the following compounds and classify them into primary,
secondary and tertiary amines (i) (CH3)2CHNH2
(ii) CH3(CH2)2NH2
(iii) CH3NHCH(CH3)2
(iv) (CH3)3CNH2
(v) C6H5NHCH3
(vi) (CH3CH2)2NCH3
(vii) m–BrC6H4NH2
9 2
Give one chemical test to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds (i) Methylamine and dimethylamine
(ii) Secondary and tertiary amines
(iii) Ethylamine and aniline
(iv) Aniline and benzylamine
(v) Aniline and N-methylaniline |
1 | 7434-7437 | (i) (CH3)2CHNH2
(ii) CH3(CH2)2NH2
(iii) CH3NHCH(CH3)2
(iv) (CH3)3CNH2
(v) C6H5NHCH3
(vi) (CH3CH2)2NCH3
(vii) m–BrC6H4NH2
9 2
Give one chemical test to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds (i) Methylamine and dimethylamine
(ii) Secondary and tertiary amines
(iii) Ethylamine and aniline
(iv) Aniline and benzylamine
(v) Aniline and N-methylaniline 9 |
1 | 7435-7438 | 2
Give one chemical test to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds (i) Methylamine and dimethylamine
(ii) Secondary and tertiary amines
(iii) Ethylamine and aniline
(iv) Aniline and benzylamine
(v) Aniline and N-methylaniline 9 3
Account for the following:
(i) pKb of aniline is more than that of methylamine |
1 | 7436-7439 | (i) Methylamine and dimethylamine
(ii) Secondary and tertiary amines
(iii) Ethylamine and aniline
(iv) Aniline and benzylamine
(v) Aniline and N-methylaniline 9 3
Account for the following:
(i) pKb of aniline is more than that of methylamine (ii) Ethylamine is soluble in water whereas aniline is not |
1 | 7437-7440 | 9 3
Account for the following:
(i) pKb of aniline is more than that of methylamine (ii) Ethylamine is soluble in water whereas aniline is not (iii) Methylamine in water reacts with ferric chloride to precipitate hydrated
ferric oxide |
1 | 7438-7441 | 3
Account for the following:
(i) pKb of aniline is more than that of methylamine (ii) Ethylamine is soluble in water whereas aniline is not (iii) Methylamine in water reacts with ferric chloride to precipitate hydrated
ferric oxide (iv) Although amino group is o– and p– directing in aromatic electrophilic
substitution reactions, aniline on nitration gives a substantial amount of
m-nitroaniline |
1 | 7439-7442 | (ii) Ethylamine is soluble in water whereas aniline is not (iii) Methylamine in water reacts with ferric chloride to precipitate hydrated
ferric oxide (iv) Although amino group is o– and p– directing in aromatic electrophilic
substitution reactions, aniline on nitration gives a substantial amount of
m-nitroaniline (v) Aniline does not undergo Friedel-Crafts reaction |
1 | 7440-7443 | (iii) Methylamine in water reacts with ferric chloride to precipitate hydrated
ferric oxide (iv) Although amino group is o– and p– directing in aromatic electrophilic
substitution reactions, aniline on nitration gives a substantial amount of
m-nitroaniline (v) Aniline does not undergo Friedel-Crafts reaction (vi) Diazonium salts of aromatic amines are more stable than those of aliphatic
amines |
1 | 7441-7444 | (iv) Although amino group is o– and p– directing in aromatic electrophilic
substitution reactions, aniline on nitration gives a substantial amount of
m-nitroaniline (v) Aniline does not undergo Friedel-Crafts reaction (vi) Diazonium salts of aromatic amines are more stable than those of aliphatic
amines (vii) Gabriel phthalimide synthesis is preferred for synthesising primary amines |
1 | 7442-7445 | (v) Aniline does not undergo Friedel-Crafts reaction (vi) Diazonium salts of aromatic amines are more stable than those of aliphatic
amines (vii) Gabriel phthalimide synthesis is preferred for synthesising primary amines 9 |
1 | 7443-7446 | (vi) Diazonium salts of aromatic amines are more stable than those of aliphatic
amines (vii) Gabriel phthalimide synthesis is preferred for synthesising primary amines 9 4
Arrange the following:
(i) In decreasing order of the pKb values:
C2H5NH2, C6H5NHCH3, (C2H5)2NH and C6H5NH2
(ii) In increasing order of basic strength:
C6H5NH2, C6H5N(CH3)2, (C2H5)2NH and CH3NH2
(iii) In increasing order of basic strength:
(a) Aniline, p-nitroaniline and p-toluidine
Exercises
Rationalised 2023-24
279
Amines
(b) C6H5NH2, C6H5NHCH3, C6H5CH2NH2 |
1 | 7444-7447 | (vii) Gabriel phthalimide synthesis is preferred for synthesising primary amines 9 4
Arrange the following:
(i) In decreasing order of the pKb values:
C2H5NH2, C6H5NHCH3, (C2H5)2NH and C6H5NH2
(ii) In increasing order of basic strength:
C6H5NH2, C6H5N(CH3)2, (C2H5)2NH and CH3NH2
(iii) In increasing order of basic strength:
(a) Aniline, p-nitroaniline and p-toluidine
Exercises
Rationalised 2023-24
279
Amines
(b) C6H5NH2, C6H5NHCH3, C6H5CH2NH2 (iv) In decreasing order of basic strength in gas phase:
C2H5NH2, (C2H5)2NH, (C2H5)3N and NH3
(v) In increasing order of boiling point:
C2H5OH, (CH3)2NH, C2H5NH2
(vi) In increasing order of solubility in water:
C6H5NH2, (C2H5)2NH, C2H5NH2 |
1 | 7445-7448 | 9 4
Arrange the following:
(i) In decreasing order of the pKb values:
C2H5NH2, C6H5NHCH3, (C2H5)2NH and C6H5NH2
(ii) In increasing order of basic strength:
C6H5NH2, C6H5N(CH3)2, (C2H5)2NH and CH3NH2
(iii) In increasing order of basic strength:
(a) Aniline, p-nitroaniline and p-toluidine
Exercises
Rationalised 2023-24
279
Amines
(b) C6H5NH2, C6H5NHCH3, C6H5CH2NH2 (iv) In decreasing order of basic strength in gas phase:
C2H5NH2, (C2H5)2NH, (C2H5)3N and NH3
(v) In increasing order of boiling point:
C2H5OH, (CH3)2NH, C2H5NH2
(vi) In increasing order of solubility in water:
C6H5NH2, (C2H5)2NH, C2H5NH2 9 |
1 | 7446-7449 | 4
Arrange the following:
(i) In decreasing order of the pKb values:
C2H5NH2, C6H5NHCH3, (C2H5)2NH and C6H5NH2
(ii) In increasing order of basic strength:
C6H5NH2, C6H5N(CH3)2, (C2H5)2NH and CH3NH2
(iii) In increasing order of basic strength:
(a) Aniline, p-nitroaniline and p-toluidine
Exercises
Rationalised 2023-24
279
Amines
(b) C6H5NH2, C6H5NHCH3, C6H5CH2NH2 (iv) In decreasing order of basic strength in gas phase:
C2H5NH2, (C2H5)2NH, (C2H5)3N and NH3
(v) In increasing order of boiling point:
C2H5OH, (CH3)2NH, C2H5NH2
(vi) In increasing order of solubility in water:
C6H5NH2, (C2H5)2NH, C2H5NH2 9 5
How will you convert:
(i) Ethanoic acid into methanamine
(ii) Hexanenitrile into 1-aminopentane
(iii) Methanol to ethanoic acid
(iv) Ethanamine into methanamine
(v) Ethanoic acid into propanoic acid
(vi) Methanamine into ethanamine
(vii) Nitromethane into dimethylamine
(viii) Propanoic acid into ethanoic acid |
1 | 7447-7450 | (iv) In decreasing order of basic strength in gas phase:
C2H5NH2, (C2H5)2NH, (C2H5)3N and NH3
(v) In increasing order of boiling point:
C2H5OH, (CH3)2NH, C2H5NH2
(vi) In increasing order of solubility in water:
C6H5NH2, (C2H5)2NH, C2H5NH2 9 5
How will you convert:
(i) Ethanoic acid into methanamine
(ii) Hexanenitrile into 1-aminopentane
(iii) Methanol to ethanoic acid
(iv) Ethanamine into methanamine
(v) Ethanoic acid into propanoic acid
(vi) Methanamine into ethanamine
(vii) Nitromethane into dimethylamine
(viii) Propanoic acid into ethanoic acid 9 |
1 | 7448-7451 | 9 5
How will you convert:
(i) Ethanoic acid into methanamine
(ii) Hexanenitrile into 1-aminopentane
(iii) Methanol to ethanoic acid
(iv) Ethanamine into methanamine
(v) Ethanoic acid into propanoic acid
(vi) Methanamine into ethanamine
(vii) Nitromethane into dimethylamine
(viii) Propanoic acid into ethanoic acid 9 6
Describe a method for the identification of primary, secondary and tertiary amines |
1 | 7449-7452 | 5
How will you convert:
(i) Ethanoic acid into methanamine
(ii) Hexanenitrile into 1-aminopentane
(iii) Methanol to ethanoic acid
(iv) Ethanamine into methanamine
(v) Ethanoic acid into propanoic acid
(vi) Methanamine into ethanamine
(vii) Nitromethane into dimethylamine
(viii) Propanoic acid into ethanoic acid 9 6
Describe a method for the identification of primary, secondary and tertiary amines Also write chemical equations of the reactions involved |
1 | 7450-7453 | 9 6
Describe a method for the identification of primary, secondary and tertiary amines Also write chemical equations of the reactions involved 9 |
1 | 7451-7454 | 6
Describe a method for the identification of primary, secondary and tertiary amines Also write chemical equations of the reactions involved 9 7
Write short notes on the following:
(i) Carbylamine reaction
(ii) Diazotisation
(iii) Hofmann’s bromamide reaction
(iv) Coupling reaction
(v) Ammonolysis
(vi) Acetylation
(vii) Gabriel phthalimide synthesis |
1 | 7452-7455 | Also write chemical equations of the reactions involved 9 7
Write short notes on the following:
(i) Carbylamine reaction
(ii) Diazotisation
(iii) Hofmann’s bromamide reaction
(iv) Coupling reaction
(v) Ammonolysis
(vi) Acetylation
(vii) Gabriel phthalimide synthesis 9 |
1 | 7453-7456 | 9 7
Write short notes on the following:
(i) Carbylamine reaction
(ii) Diazotisation
(iii) Hofmann’s bromamide reaction
(iv) Coupling reaction
(v) Ammonolysis
(vi) Acetylation
(vii) Gabriel phthalimide synthesis 9 8
Accomplish the following conversions:
(i) Nitrobenzene to benzoic acid
(ii) Benzene to m-bromophenol
(iii) Benzoic acid to aniline
(iv) Aniline to 2,4,6-tribromofluorobenzene
(v) Benzyl chloride to 2-phenylethanamine
(vi) Chlorobenzene to p-chloroaniline
(vii) Aniline to p-bromoaniline
(viii) Benzamide to toluene
(ix) Aniline to benzyl alcohol |
1 | 7454-7457 | 7
Write short notes on the following:
(i) Carbylamine reaction
(ii) Diazotisation
(iii) Hofmann’s bromamide reaction
(iv) Coupling reaction
(v) Ammonolysis
(vi) Acetylation
(vii) Gabriel phthalimide synthesis 9 8
Accomplish the following conversions:
(i) Nitrobenzene to benzoic acid
(ii) Benzene to m-bromophenol
(iii) Benzoic acid to aniline
(iv) Aniline to 2,4,6-tribromofluorobenzene
(v) Benzyl chloride to 2-phenylethanamine
(vi) Chlorobenzene to p-chloroaniline
(vii) Aniline to p-bromoaniline
(viii) Benzamide to toluene
(ix) Aniline to benzyl alcohol 9 |
1 | 7455-7458 | 9 8
Accomplish the following conversions:
(i) Nitrobenzene to benzoic acid
(ii) Benzene to m-bromophenol
(iii) Benzoic acid to aniline
(iv) Aniline to 2,4,6-tribromofluorobenzene
(v) Benzyl chloride to 2-phenylethanamine
(vi) Chlorobenzene to p-chloroaniline
(vii) Aniline to p-bromoaniline
(viii) Benzamide to toluene
(ix) Aniline to benzyl alcohol 9 9
Give the structures of A, B and C in the following reactions:
(i)
NaOH Br2
NaCN
OH
3
2
Partial hydrolysis
CH CH I
A
B
C
(ii)
3
2
NH
H O/H
CuCN
6
5
2
C H N Cl
A
B
C
(iii)
4
2
LiAlH
HNO
KCN
3
2
0 C
CH CH Br
A
B
C
(iv)
2
2
NaNO
HCl
H O/H
Fe /HCl
6
5
2
273 K
C H NO
A
B
C
(v)
3
2
NH
NaNO /HCl
NaOBr
3
CH COOH
A
B
C
(vi)
6
5
2
C H OH
HNO
Fe/HCl
6
5
2
273K
C H NO
A
B
C
Rationalised 2023-24
280
Chemistry
9 |
1 | 7456-7459 | 8
Accomplish the following conversions:
(i) Nitrobenzene to benzoic acid
(ii) Benzene to m-bromophenol
(iii) Benzoic acid to aniline
(iv) Aniline to 2,4,6-tribromofluorobenzene
(v) Benzyl chloride to 2-phenylethanamine
(vi) Chlorobenzene to p-chloroaniline
(vii) Aniline to p-bromoaniline
(viii) Benzamide to toluene
(ix) Aniline to benzyl alcohol 9 9
Give the structures of A, B and C in the following reactions:
(i)
NaOH Br2
NaCN
OH
3
2
Partial hydrolysis
CH CH I
A
B
C
(ii)
3
2
NH
H O/H
CuCN
6
5
2
C H N Cl
A
B
C
(iii)
4
2
LiAlH
HNO
KCN
3
2
0 C
CH CH Br
A
B
C
(iv)
2
2
NaNO
HCl
H O/H
Fe /HCl
6
5
2
273 K
C H NO
A
B
C
(v)
3
2
NH
NaNO /HCl
NaOBr
3
CH COOH
A
B
C
(vi)
6
5
2
C H OH
HNO
Fe/HCl
6
5
2
273K
C H NO
A
B
C
Rationalised 2023-24
280
Chemistry
9 10
An aromatic compound ‘A’ on treatment with aqueous ammonia and heating
forms compound ‘B’ which on heating with Br2 and KOH forms a compound ‘C’
of molecular formula C6H7N |
1 | 7457-7460 | 9 9
Give the structures of A, B and C in the following reactions:
(i)
NaOH Br2
NaCN
OH
3
2
Partial hydrolysis
CH CH I
A
B
C
(ii)
3
2
NH
H O/H
CuCN
6
5
2
C H N Cl
A
B
C
(iii)
4
2
LiAlH
HNO
KCN
3
2
0 C
CH CH Br
A
B
C
(iv)
2
2
NaNO
HCl
H O/H
Fe /HCl
6
5
2
273 K
C H NO
A
B
C
(v)
3
2
NH
NaNO /HCl
NaOBr
3
CH COOH
A
B
C
(vi)
6
5
2
C H OH
HNO
Fe/HCl
6
5
2
273K
C H NO
A
B
C
Rationalised 2023-24
280
Chemistry
9 10
An aromatic compound ‘A’ on treatment with aqueous ammonia and heating
forms compound ‘B’ which on heating with Br2 and KOH forms a compound ‘C’
of molecular formula C6H7N Write the structures and IUPAC names of compounds
A, B and C |
1 | 7458-7461 | 9
Give the structures of A, B and C in the following reactions:
(i)
NaOH Br2
NaCN
OH
3
2
Partial hydrolysis
CH CH I
A
B
C
(ii)
3
2
NH
H O/H
CuCN
6
5
2
C H N Cl
A
B
C
(iii)
4
2
LiAlH
HNO
KCN
3
2
0 C
CH CH Br
A
B
C
(iv)
2
2
NaNO
HCl
H O/H
Fe /HCl
6
5
2
273 K
C H NO
A
B
C
(v)
3
2
NH
NaNO /HCl
NaOBr
3
CH COOH
A
B
C
(vi)
6
5
2
C H OH
HNO
Fe/HCl
6
5
2
273K
C H NO
A
B
C
Rationalised 2023-24
280
Chemistry
9 10
An aromatic compound ‘A’ on treatment with aqueous ammonia and heating
forms compound ‘B’ which on heating with Br2 and KOH forms a compound ‘C’
of molecular formula C6H7N Write the structures and IUPAC names of compounds
A, B and C 9 |
1 | 7459-7462 | 10
An aromatic compound ‘A’ on treatment with aqueous ammonia and heating
forms compound ‘B’ which on heating with Br2 and KOH forms a compound ‘C’
of molecular formula C6H7N Write the structures and IUPAC names of compounds
A, B and C 9 11
Complete the following reactions:
(i)
6
5
2
3
C H NH
CHCl
alc |
1 | 7460-7463 | Write the structures and IUPAC names of compounds
A, B and C 9 11
Complete the following reactions:
(i)
6
5
2
3
C H NH
CHCl
alc KOH
(ii)
6
5
2
3
2
2
C H N Cl
H PO
H O
(iii)
6
5
2
2
4
C H NH
H SO
conc |
1 | 7461-7464 | 9 11
Complete the following reactions:
(i)
6
5
2
3
C H NH
CHCl
alc KOH
(ii)
6
5
2
3
2
2
C H N Cl
H PO
H O
(iii)
6
5
2
2
4
C H NH
H SO
conc
(iv)
6
5
2
2
5
C H N Cl
C H OH
(v)
6
5
2
2
C H NH
Br
aq
(vi)
3
6
5
2
CH CO2
C H NH
O
(vii)
4
2
iHBF
6
5
2
iiNaNO /Cu,
C H N Cl
9 |
1 | 7462-7465 | 11
Complete the following reactions:
(i)
6
5
2
3
C H NH
CHCl
alc KOH
(ii)
6
5
2
3
2
2
C H N Cl
H PO
H O
(iii)
6
5
2
2
4
C H NH
H SO
conc
(iv)
6
5
2
2
5
C H N Cl
C H OH
(v)
6
5
2
2
C H NH
Br
aq
(vi)
3
6
5
2
CH CO2
C H NH
O
(vii)
4
2
iHBF
6
5
2
iiNaNO /Cu,
C H N Cl
9 12
Why cannot aromatic primary amines be prepared by Gabriel phthalimide
synthesis |
1 | 7463-7466 | KOH
(ii)
6
5
2
3
2
2
C H N Cl
H PO
H O
(iii)
6
5
2
2
4
C H NH
H SO
conc
(iv)
6
5
2
2
5
C H N Cl
C H OH
(v)
6
5
2
2
C H NH
Br
aq
(vi)
3
6
5
2
CH CO2
C H NH
O
(vii)
4
2
iHBF
6
5
2
iiNaNO /Cu,
C H N Cl
9 12
Why cannot aromatic primary amines be prepared by Gabriel phthalimide
synthesis 9 |
1 | 7464-7467 |
(iv)
6
5
2
2
5
C H N Cl
C H OH
(v)
6
5
2
2
C H NH
Br
aq
(vi)
3
6
5
2
CH CO2
C H NH
O
(vii)
4
2
iHBF
6
5
2
iiNaNO /Cu,
C H N Cl
9 12
Why cannot aromatic primary amines be prepared by Gabriel phthalimide
synthesis 9 13
Write the reactions of (i) aromatic and (ii) aliphatic primary amines with nitrous
acid |
1 | 7465-7468 | 12
Why cannot aromatic primary amines be prepared by Gabriel phthalimide
synthesis 9 13
Write the reactions of (i) aromatic and (ii) aliphatic primary amines with nitrous
acid 9 |
1 | 7466-7469 | 9 13
Write the reactions of (i) aromatic and (ii) aliphatic primary amines with nitrous
acid 9 14
Give plausible explanation for each of the following:
(i) Why are amines less acidic than alcohols of comparable molecular masses |
1 | 7467-7470 | 13
Write the reactions of (i) aromatic and (ii) aliphatic primary amines with nitrous
acid 9 14
Give plausible explanation for each of the following:
(i) Why are amines less acidic than alcohols of comparable molecular masses (ii) Why do primary amines have higher boiling point than tertiary amines |
1 | 7468-7471 | 9 14
Give plausible explanation for each of the following:
(i) Why are amines less acidic than alcohols of comparable molecular masses (ii) Why do primary amines have higher boiling point than tertiary amines (iii) Why are aliphatic amines stronger bases than aromatic amines |
1 | 7469-7472 | 14
Give plausible explanation for each of the following:
(i) Why are amines less acidic than alcohols of comparable molecular masses (ii) Why do primary amines have higher boiling point than tertiary amines (iii) Why are aliphatic amines stronger bases than aromatic amines Answers to Some Intext Questions
9 |
1 | 7470-7473 | (ii) Why do primary amines have higher boiling point than tertiary amines (iii) Why are aliphatic amines stronger bases than aromatic amines Answers to Some Intext Questions
9 4
(i) C6H5NH2 < NH3 < C6H5CH2NH2 < C2H5NH2 < (C2H5)2NH
(ii) C6H5NH2 < C2H5NH2 |
1 | 7471-7474 | (iii) Why are aliphatic amines stronger bases than aromatic amines Answers to Some Intext Questions
9 4
(i) C6H5NH2 < NH3 < C6H5CH2NH2 < C2H5NH2 < (C2H5)2NH
(ii) C6H5NH2 < C2H5NH2 < (C2H5)3N < (C2H5)2NH
(iii) C6H5NH2 < C6H5CH2NH2 < (CH3)3N < CH3NH2 < (CH3)2NH
Rationalised 2023-24
A living system grows, sustains and reproduces itself |
1 | 7472-7475 | Answers to Some Intext Questions
9 4
(i) C6H5NH2 < NH3 < C6H5CH2NH2 < C2H5NH2 < (C2H5)2NH
(ii) C6H5NH2 < C2H5NH2 < (C2H5)3N < (C2H5)2NH
(iii) C6H5NH2 < C6H5CH2NH2 < (CH3)3N < CH3NH2 < (CH3)2NH
Rationalised 2023-24
A living system grows, sustains and reproduces itself The most amazing thing about a living system is that it
is composed of non-living atoms and molecules |
1 | 7473-7476 | 4
(i) C6H5NH2 < NH3 < C6H5CH2NH2 < C2H5NH2 < (C2H5)2NH
(ii) C6H5NH2 < C2H5NH2 < (C2H5)3N < (C2H5)2NH
(iii) C6H5NH2 < C6H5CH2NH2 < (CH3)3N < CH3NH2 < (CH3)2NH
Rationalised 2023-24
A living system grows, sustains and reproduces itself The most amazing thing about a living system is that it
is composed of non-living atoms and molecules The
pursuit of knowledge of what goes on chemically within
a living system falls in the domain of biochemistry |
1 | 7474-7477 | < (C2H5)3N < (C2H5)2NH
(iii) C6H5NH2 < C6H5CH2NH2 < (CH3)3N < CH3NH2 < (CH3)2NH
Rationalised 2023-24
A living system grows, sustains and reproduces itself The most amazing thing about a living system is that it
is composed of non-living atoms and molecules The
pursuit of knowledge of what goes on chemically within
a living system falls in the domain of biochemistry Living
systems are made up of various complex biomolecules
like carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, etc |
1 | 7475-7478 | The most amazing thing about a living system is that it
is composed of non-living atoms and molecules The
pursuit of knowledge of what goes on chemically within
a living system falls in the domain of biochemistry Living
systems are made up of various complex biomolecules
like carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, etc Proteins and carbohydrates are essential constituents of
our food |
1 | 7476-7479 | The
pursuit of knowledge of what goes on chemically within
a living system falls in the domain of biochemistry Living
systems are made up of various complex biomolecules
like carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, etc Proteins and carbohydrates are essential constituents of
our food These biomolecules interact with each other
and constitute the molecular logic of life processes |
1 | 7477-7480 | Living
systems are made up of various complex biomolecules
like carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, etc Proteins and carbohydrates are essential constituents of
our food These biomolecules interact with each other
and constitute the molecular logic of life processes In
addition, some simple molecules like vitamins and
mineral salts also play an important role in the functions
of organisms |
1 | 7478-7481 | Proteins and carbohydrates are essential constituents of
our food These biomolecules interact with each other
and constitute the molecular logic of life processes In
addition, some simple molecules like vitamins and
mineral salts also play an important role in the functions
of organisms Structures and functions of some of these
biomolecules are discussed in this Unit |
1 | 7479-7482 | These biomolecules interact with each other
and constitute the molecular logic of life processes In
addition, some simple molecules like vitamins and
mineral salts also play an important role in the functions
of organisms Structures and functions of some of these
biomolecules are discussed in this Unit Biomolecules
Biomolecules
Biomolecules
Biomolecules
Biomolecules
Biomolecules
Biomolecules
Biomolecules
Biomolecules
Biomolecules
After studying this Unit, you will be
•able to
explain the characteristics of
biomolecules like carbohydrates,
proteins and nucleic acids and
hormones;
•
classify carbohydrates, proteins,
nucleic acids and vitamins on the
basis of their structures;
•
explain the difference between
DNA and RNA;
•
describe the role of biomolecules
in biosystem |
1 | 7480-7483 | In
addition, some simple molecules like vitamins and
mineral salts also play an important role in the functions
of organisms Structures and functions of some of these
biomolecules are discussed in this Unit Biomolecules
Biomolecules
Biomolecules
Biomolecules
Biomolecules
Biomolecules
Biomolecules
Biomolecules
Biomolecules
Biomolecules
After studying this Unit, you will be
•able to
explain the characteristics of
biomolecules like carbohydrates,
proteins and nucleic acids and
hormones;
•
classify carbohydrates, proteins,
nucleic acids and vitamins on the
basis of their structures;
•
explain the difference between
DNA and RNA;
•
describe the role of biomolecules
in biosystem Objectives
“It is the harmonious and synchronous progress of chemical
reactions in body which leads to life” |
1 | 7481-7484 | Structures and functions of some of these
biomolecules are discussed in this Unit Biomolecules
Biomolecules
Biomolecules
Biomolecules
Biomolecules
Biomolecules
Biomolecules
Biomolecules
Biomolecules
Biomolecules
After studying this Unit, you will be
•able to
explain the characteristics of
biomolecules like carbohydrates,
proteins and nucleic acids and
hormones;
•
classify carbohydrates, proteins,
nucleic acids and vitamins on the
basis of their structures;
•
explain the difference between
DNA and RNA;
•
describe the role of biomolecules
in biosystem Objectives
“It is the harmonious and synchronous progress of chemical
reactions in body which leads to life” 10
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit10
Carbohydrates are primarily produced by plants and form a very large
group of naturally occurring organic compounds |
1 | 7482-7485 | Biomolecules
Biomolecules
Biomolecules
Biomolecules
Biomolecules
Biomolecules
Biomolecules
Biomolecules
Biomolecules
Biomolecules
After studying this Unit, you will be
•able to
explain the characteristics of
biomolecules like carbohydrates,
proteins and nucleic acids and
hormones;
•
classify carbohydrates, proteins,
nucleic acids and vitamins on the
basis of their structures;
•
explain the difference between
DNA and RNA;
•
describe the role of biomolecules
in biosystem Objectives
“It is the harmonious and synchronous progress of chemical
reactions in body which leads to life” 10
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit10
Carbohydrates are primarily produced by plants and form a very large
group of naturally occurring organic compounds Some common
examples of carbohydrates are cane sugar, glucose, starch, etc |
1 | 7483-7486 | Objectives
“It is the harmonious and synchronous progress of chemical
reactions in body which leads to life” 10
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit10
Carbohydrates are primarily produced by plants and form a very large
group of naturally occurring organic compounds Some common
examples of carbohydrates are cane sugar, glucose, starch, etc Most of
them have a general formula, Cx(H2O)y, and were considered as hydrates
of carbon from where the name carbohydrate was derived |
1 | 7484-7487 | 10
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit10
Carbohydrates are primarily produced by plants and form a very large
group of naturally occurring organic compounds Some common
examples of carbohydrates are cane sugar, glucose, starch, etc Most of
them have a general formula, Cx(H2O)y, and were considered as hydrates
of carbon from where the name carbohydrate was derived For example,
the molecular formula of glucose (C6H12O6) fits into this general formula,
C6(H2O)6 |
1 | 7485-7488 | Some common
examples of carbohydrates are cane sugar, glucose, starch, etc Most of
them have a general formula, Cx(H2O)y, and were considered as hydrates
of carbon from where the name carbohydrate was derived For example,
the molecular formula of glucose (C6H12O6) fits into this general formula,
C6(H2O)6 But all the compounds which fit into this formula may not be
classified as carbohydrates |
1 | 7486-7489 | Most of
them have a general formula, Cx(H2O)y, and were considered as hydrates
of carbon from where the name carbohydrate was derived For example,
the molecular formula of glucose (C6H12O6) fits into this general formula,
C6(H2O)6 But all the compounds which fit into this formula may not be
classified as carbohydrates For example acetic acid (CH3COOH) fits into
this general formula, C2(H2O)2 but is not a carbohydrate |
1 | 7487-7490 | For example,
the molecular formula of glucose (C6H12O6) fits into this general formula,
C6(H2O)6 But all the compounds which fit into this formula may not be
classified as carbohydrates For example acetic acid (CH3COOH) fits into
this general formula, C2(H2O)2 but is not a carbohydrate Similarly,
rhamnose, C6H12O5 is a carbohydrate but does not fit in this definition |
1 | 7488-7491 | But all the compounds which fit into this formula may not be
classified as carbohydrates For example acetic acid (CH3COOH) fits into
this general formula, C2(H2O)2 but is not a carbohydrate Similarly,
rhamnose, C6H12O5 is a carbohydrate but does not fit in this definition A large number of their reactions have shown that they contain specific
functional groups |
1 | 7489-7492 | For example acetic acid (CH3COOH) fits into
this general formula, C2(H2O)2 but is not a carbohydrate Similarly,
rhamnose, C6H12O5 is a carbohydrate but does not fit in this definition A large number of their reactions have shown that they contain specific
functional groups Chemically, the carbohydrates may be defined as
optically active polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones or the compounds
which produce such units on hydrolysis |
1 | 7490-7493 | Similarly,
rhamnose, C6H12O5 is a carbohydrate but does not fit in this definition A large number of their reactions have shown that they contain specific
functional groups Chemically, the carbohydrates may be defined as
optically active polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones or the compounds
which produce such units on hydrolysis Some of the carbohydrates,
which are sweet in taste, are also called sugars |
1 | 7491-7494 | A large number of their reactions have shown that they contain specific
functional groups Chemically, the carbohydrates may be defined as
optically active polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones or the compounds
which produce such units on hydrolysis Some of the carbohydrates,
which are sweet in taste, are also called sugars The most common
sugar, used in our homes is named as sucrose whereas the sugar present
10 |
1 | 7492-7495 | Chemically, the carbohydrates may be defined as
optically active polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones or the compounds
which produce such units on hydrolysis Some of the carbohydrates,
which are sweet in taste, are also called sugars The most common
sugar, used in our homes is named as sucrose whereas the sugar present
10 1
10 |
1 | 7493-7496 | Some of the carbohydrates,
which are sweet in taste, are also called sugars The most common
sugar, used in our homes is named as sucrose whereas the sugar present
10 1
10 1
10 |
1 | 7494-7497 | The most common
sugar, used in our homes is named as sucrose whereas the sugar present
10 1
10 1
10 1
10 |
1 | 7495-7498 | 1
10 1
10 1
10 1
10 |
1 | 7496-7499 | 1
10 1
10 1
10 1 Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates
Rationalised 2023-24
282
Chemistry
in milk is known as lactose |
1 | 7497-7500 | 1
10 1
10 1 Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates
Rationalised 2023-24
282
Chemistry
in milk is known as lactose Carbohydrates are also called saccharides
(Greek: sakcharon means sugar) |
1 | 7498-7501 | 1
10 1 Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates
Rationalised 2023-24
282
Chemistry
in milk is known as lactose Carbohydrates are also called saccharides
(Greek: sakcharon means sugar) Carbohydrates are classified on the basis of their behaviour on
hydrolysis |
1 | 7499-7502 | 1 Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates
Rationalised 2023-24
282
Chemistry
in milk is known as lactose Carbohydrates are also called saccharides
(Greek: sakcharon means sugar) Carbohydrates are classified on the basis of their behaviour on
hydrolysis They have been broadly divided into following three groups |
1 | 7500-7503 | Carbohydrates are also called saccharides
(Greek: sakcharon means sugar) Carbohydrates are classified on the basis of their behaviour on
hydrolysis They have been broadly divided into following three groups (i) Monosaccharides: A carbohydrate that cannot be hydrolysed further
to give simpler unit of polyhydroxy aldehyde or ketone is called a
monosaccharide |
1 | 7501-7504 | Carbohydrates are classified on the basis of their behaviour on
hydrolysis They have been broadly divided into following three groups (i) Monosaccharides: A carbohydrate that cannot be hydrolysed further
to give simpler unit of polyhydroxy aldehyde or ketone is called a
monosaccharide About 20 monosaccharides are known to occur in
nature |
1 | 7502-7505 | They have been broadly divided into following three groups (i) Monosaccharides: A carbohydrate that cannot be hydrolysed further
to give simpler unit of polyhydroxy aldehyde or ketone is called a
monosaccharide About 20 monosaccharides are known to occur in
nature Some common examples are glucose, fructose, ribose, etc |
1 | 7503-7506 | (i) Monosaccharides: A carbohydrate that cannot be hydrolysed further
to give simpler unit of polyhydroxy aldehyde or ketone is called a
monosaccharide About 20 monosaccharides are known to occur in
nature Some common examples are glucose, fructose, ribose, etc (ii) Oligosaccharides: Carbohydrates
that
yield
two
to
ten
monosaccharide units, on hydrolysis, are called oligosaccharides |
1 | 7504-7507 | About 20 monosaccharides are known to occur in
nature Some common examples are glucose, fructose, ribose, etc (ii) Oligosaccharides: Carbohydrates
that
yield
two
to
ten
monosaccharide units, on hydrolysis, are called oligosaccharides They
are further classified as disaccharides, trisaccharides, tetrasaccharides,
etc |
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