url
stringlengths 15
1.48k
| date
timestamp[s] | file_path
stringlengths 125
155
| language_score
float64 0.65
1
| token_count
int64 75
32.8k
| dump
stringclasses 96
values | global_id
stringlengths 41
46
| lang
stringclasses 1
value | text
stringlengths 295
153k
| domain
stringclasses 67
values |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
https://www.royutah.org/departments/parks___recreation/parks/frank_tremea_roy_park.php | 2023-09-30T00:27:24 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510529.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20230929222230-20230930012230-00134.warc.gz | 0.924839 | 232 | CC-MAIN-2023-40 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__262929951 | en | 2700 W. 5525 So.
Park Hours Year Round
It has 5.60 acres and has the following facilities: lighted baseball diamond, restrooms, and permanent bleachers.
Resolution No. 677
A Resolution of the Roy City Council
honoring Frank Tremea and renaming Roy Park “Frank Tremea Park”
Whereas, Frank Tremea began his career in 1959 with Roy City as the Recreation Director, and
Whereas, Frank continued in that position for forty years until 1998, and
Whereas, Frank was instrumental in the planning and development of Roy City’s park system, and
Whereas, Frank developed programs which have influenced thousands of youth and adult coaches, and
Whereas, the citizens of Roy have benefited and will benefit for generations by Frank’s contributions to Roy.
Now, Therefore, Be it resolved by the Roy City Council that Roy Park be officially renamed “Frank Tremea Park” in honor of Frank’s dedicated service.
Passed this 2 day of February, 1999.
Mayor, Roger Phil Burnett | history |
https://www.finanzen.nl/aandelen/nieuws/the-apollo-moon-landing-50-years-ago-is-still-arguably-nasas-greatest-feat--see-how-the-us-pulled-it-off--7725516 | 2019-08-18T19:19:06 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-35/segments/1566027313996.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20190818185421-20190818211421-00323.warc.gz | 0.910745 | 2,298 | CC-MAIN-2019-35 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-35__0__180493263 | en | Er is een fout opgetreden!
The Apollo moon landing 50 years ago is still arguably NASA’s greatest feat. See how the US pulled it off.
Apollo astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin landed on the moon 50 years ago, on July 20, 1969. Ten other NASA astronauts followed in their footsteps over the next three years, but no one has been back to the lunar surface since the Apollo program ended in the 70s. Here’s a step-by-step timeline of the historic moon-landing project. Visit Business Insider’s homepage for more stories. In 1961, President John F. Kennedy put a monumental goal before Congress: “I believe that this nation should commit itself to achieving the goal, before this decade is out, of landing a man on the moon and returning him safely to the Earth,” Kennedy said. “No single space project in this period will be more impressive to mankind, or more important for the long-range exploration of space; and none will be so difficult or expensive to accomplish.” It took eight years to reach the moon after that, and NASA burned through $25.4 billion dollars before the Apollo program was finished. But on July 20, 1969, as people throughout the world gathered around fuzzy television sets, astronaut Neil Armstrong announced: “the Eagle has landed.” Here’s how the US made it to the moon 50 years ago.The first planned crewed Apollo mission, Apollo 1, ended in tragedy in 1967. All three crew members died in a fire inside their capsule during a pre-launch test on the launch pad.Foto: From left, Apollo 1 astronauts Virgil “Gus” Grissom, Edward White, and Roger Chaffee in front of their Saturn 1 rocket at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida.sourceNASA NASA said design changes after the accident made the Apollo spacecraft safer for journeys to the moon.By July 1969, NASA astronauts had flown to the moon’s orbit twice, and the crew of Apollo 11 was ready to attempt a landing on the lunar surface.Foto: The Apollo 11 crew. From left to right: commander Neil Armstrong, command-module pilot Michael Collins, and lunar-module pilot Edwin (Buzz) Aldrin.sourceNASA/AP The first two crewed missions to the moon flew astronauts into the moon’s orbit (Apollo 8) and 50,000 feet above the lunar surface (Apollo 10.)The Apollo team practiced their moon-landing plan on Earth first. They flew this Lunar Landing Research Vehicle for the first time in 1964.Foto: The Lunar Landing Research Vehicle simulated the moon landings.sourceNASA The flights didn’t always go smoothly: Neil Armstrong was at the helm in 1968 when he had to eject himself seconds before it crashed.Armstrong also practiced what it would be like to step foot on the moon and how to get back into the lunar landing module, called the Eagle.Foto: Neil Armstrong practices getting to the first rung of the ladder on the Lunar Module in his space suit.sourceNASA In 1962, President Kennedy said the US was spending 50 cents per week “for every man, woman, and child in the United States” on the space program. It took another seven years after that statement for humans to land on the moon.On the morning of July 16, 1969, the 363-foot-tall Saturn V rocket launched from Complex 39 at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida.Foto: Apollo 11 blasted off at 9:32 a.m. ET on July 16, 1969.sourceNASAThe rocket used 7.5 million pounds of thrust to get the astronauts into space.Foto: The launch of Apollo 11 is seen behind an American flag on July 16, 1969.sourceNASA Source: NASAPeople camped out on beaches and roads nearby to see the rocket blast off.Foto: People camped out by Kennedy Space Center to see the launch.sourceNASAFormer President Lyndon B. Johnson and sitting Vice President Spiro Agnew were there to see the three astronauts off.Foto: Spectators at the launch of Apollo 11 on July 16, 1969.sourceNASAAfter launch, the three astronauts inside the spacecraft spent four days traveling to the moon.Foto: Buzz Aldrin in space on the Apollo 11 mission.sourceNASAFinally, command pilot Michael Collins lined up the hatches of the Columbia spacecraft and Eagle moon lander so that Aldrin and Armstrong could head down to the moon.Foto: The Apollo 11 Lunar Module Eagle photographed in lunar orbit from Columbia. The long, skinny rods under the landing pods are lunar surface-sensing probes.sourceNASA Source: SmithsonianThings got a little chaotic during the landing: The guidance computer crashed, and Armstrong had to change the landing site at the last minute. But the astronauts landed on the moon safely after a few tense minutes. Aldrin snapped this shot of his crewmate Armstrong.Foto: Neil Armstrong, Apollo 11 commander, inside the Lunar Module while it rested on the lunar surface.sourceNASA Source: SmithsonianAt 10:56 p.m. ET on July 20, Armstrong stuck his boot into the soft gray regolith dust of the moon and uttered the famous words: “That’s one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind.”Foto: A photo of one of the first footprints on the moon. It’ll be there for a long time because there’s no wind to smooth out the dust.sourceNASA Armstrong described the moon’s surface as “fine and powdery.” “I can pick it up loosely with my toe,” he said, mentioning that the regolith was kind of messy and adhered “like powdered charcoal to the sole and sides of my boots.” On Earth, mission control celebrated the successful landing.Foto: NASA officials and flight controllers celebrate the successful conclusion of the Apollo 11 lunar landing mission in the Mission Control Center.sourceNASAMinutes later, Aldrin got out of the Eagle lander and joined Armstrong on the moon, joking that he was “making sure not to lock it on my way out.”Foto: Astronaut Buzz Aldrin steps out of the Eagle.sourceNASA Source: NASAThe two spent two and a half hours collecting samples, taking pictures, and of course, planting this flag.Foto: sourceNASASome of the equipment the astronauts brought to the moon was designed for experiments.Foto: Buzz Aldrin set out to plop the experiments on the surface of the moon.sourceNASAThe gear included a Swiss aluminum-foil panel for monitoring solar wind, four seismometers, and a reflector toward which scientists on Earth could shoot laser beams.Foto: Buzz Aldrin deployed the Early Apollo Scientific Experiments Package, including the solar-powered seismic experiment to his right, and the Laser Ranging Retro-Reflector beyond that.sourceNASA Source: SmithsonianAldrin called the moonscape a scene of “magnificent desolation.”Foto: Buzz Aldrin on the Moon.sourceNASA Source: NASAThis is the farthest the astronauts wandered from their lander.Foto: Neil Armstrong took this photo of the Lunar Module from the rim of Little West Crater.sourceNASAThe Eagle moon lander wasn’t built to fly back to Earth. Instead, the vehicle rocketed Aldrin and Armstrong back to the command module Columbia, where Collins was waiting for them in orbit. The three caught this glimpse of the moon as they headed home.Foto: When this picture was taken, the spacecraft was 10,000 nautical miles away from the moon.sourceNASA The Eagle lander was then left in lunar orbit after the astronauts hopped back in their main capsule. “It is assumed that it crashed into the lunar surface sometime within the following one to four months,” NASA said.On July 24, the Apollo 11 astronauts plunked down in the waters of the Pacific near Hawaii.Foto: A member of the US Navy, protected by a “biological isolation garment,” recovers the Apollo 11 crew from the re-entry vehicle, which landed in the Pacific Ocean on July 24, 1969, after an eight day mission on the moon.sourceFile photo/APThen they waited for a helicopter to get them.Foto: All four men are wearing biological isolation garments in this image taken July 24, 1969.sourceNASABecause scientists weren’t sure what kind of “lunar contagions” the astronauts might have brought back, the three were quarantined for 21 days. But President Richard Nixon stopped by to say hi.Foto: President Nixon welcomed the Apollo 11 astronauts back to Earth on the USS Hornet.sourceNASA Source: SmithsonianSo did their wives, of course.Foto: The Apollo 11 crewmen, greeted by their wives.sourceNASAOn August 13, the day the astronauts were allowed back outside, they were showered with ticker tape in New York City.Foto: New York City welcomes Apollo 11 crewmen in a showering of ticker tape down Broadway and Park Avenue.sourceNASAThe New York Times said the confetti was “so dense that the astronauts could hardly see.”Foto: A ticker tape parade celebrated the astronauts in New York. Sitting atop the lead car, from the right, are Neil Armstrong, Michael Collins, and Buzz Aldrin.sourceNASA Source: CBSThe US spent two and a half more years shuttling men to the moon. The last Apollo flight ended in December 1972. Since then, NASA has explored the moon as well as other planets, like Mars, using rovers and cameras, but not with any human crews.Foto: NASA’s Mars Curiosity rover.sourceNASA-JPLFor the past two decades, NASA has also invested $100 billion into the International Space Station.Foto: sourceNASA Source: Business Insider But many astronauts say the main reasons no humans have touched the moon (or any other planet) since 1972 aren’t scientific or technical challenges. Instead, it’s due a lack of cash and political waffling.Foto: Astronaut Buzz Aldrin walks the runway during the unveiling of a Mars-themed fashion collection at men’s Fashion Week, January 31, 2017, in New York.sourceAP Photo/Bebeto Matthews “American leadership is inspiring the world by consistently doing what no other nation is capable of doing,” Aldrin told Congress in 2015. “We demonstrated that for a brief time 45 years ago. I do not believe we have done it since.”Update: This story was originally published on July 20, 2018. The post The Apollo moon landing 50 years ago is still arguably NASA’s greatest feat. See how the US pulled it off. appeared first on Business Insider Nederland.
Lees het volledige artikel bij "AFN"
Lees het volledige artikel bij "AFN" | history |
http://maitreyacenter.com/buddhism/kagyu-lineage | 2022-10-03T18:17:06 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-40/segments/1664030337428.0/warc/CC-MAIN-20221003164901-20221003194901-00390.warc.gz | 0.950712 | 902 | CC-MAIN-2022-40 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-40__0__23109652 | en | Lineage is the sacred trust through which the Buddha’s teachings are transmitted from one generation to the next, from master to disciple. Although different Buddhist lineages share in common the Buddha’s core teachings, each has developed a different emphasis or approach. As one of the main Vajrayana Buddhist orders, the Kagyu lineage (translated as the oral lineage or whispered transmission) gives importance to meditation instructions passed from master to disciple.
The roots of the Kagyu lineage begin in tenth-century India, where the master Tilopa collected the most advanced spiritual practices from renowned Buddhist teachers of his day. One of Tilopa’s female teachers, recognizing that he possessed a strong sense of pride, directed him to work at the humble task of pounding sesame seeds in a rustic village. By engaging in this method of purifying ego, Tilopa received the transmission on the mind’s nature directly from Vajradhara, the Buddha’s primordial aspect. Tilopa transmitted the practices he mastered to the scholar Naropa, who had resigned as the abbot of lndia’s most prestigious Buddhist university to meditate under Tilopa’s guidance. Naropa, in turn, transmitted these practices (now termed the “six yogas of Naropa”) to the Tibetan householder Marpa, who made three arduous journeys across the Himalayas to receive the Buddhist teachings, which he then translated into Tibetan. Marpa’s disciple Milarepa had great remorse for his misdeeds as a vengeful sorcerer and became a holy sage through his Dharma practice. Milarepa meditated in Tibet’s remote caves and mountains, wearing only a cotton cloth and meditation belt, and expressed the essence of his realization in songs, which the Tibetan people recite to this day.
Milarepa passed the Kagyu practices down to the physician Gampopa, who integrated Milarepa’s meditation instructions with the teachings on the gradual path (Lamrim) and the monastic tradition dating back to the Buddha (Vinaya). One of Gampopa’s disciples, Dusum Khyenpa, became known as the 1st Gyalwang Karmapa, whose name means the victorious one who performs buddha activity. As Buddha Shakyamuni foretold, Dusum Khyenpa would take birth as an emanation of the bodhisattva of compassion, Avalokitesvara. Before his death, Dusum Khyenpa entrusted his disciple with a letter describing the circumstances of his next reincarnation and, in due course, the 2nd Karmapa was discovered in accordance with the prediction letter. The Karmapa’s reincarnation tradition and position as one of the foremost holders of the Kagyu lineage continues to this day, with the guidance of the 17th Gyalwang Karmapa.
In addition to upholding the Kagyu teachings brought to Tibet by Marpa, the KTC sangha practices teachings and meditations of the Shangpa Kagyu lineage. In the eleventh century, the Tibetan yogi Khyungpo Naljor received core Shangpa practices (such as the Mahamudra transmission, Six Yogas, and Five Golden Dharmas) from the Indian female masters Niguma and Sukhasiddhi, among other renowned teachers. Khyunpo Naljor transmitted the Shangpa practices to only one disciple, and for the next several generations the Shangpa lineage was preserved this way, in accordance with Niguma's instructions that the lineage be held closely and remain pure.
In subsequent generations, the Shangpa teachings were held by masters such as Thangtong Gyalpo, a renowned civil engineer who built iron bridges throughout the Himalayas; Jetsun Taranatha, one of the greatest scholars in Tibet's history; and Jamgon Kongtrul Lodro Thaye, who co-founded the non-sectarian movement in the nineteenth century and revitalized the Shangpa lineage.
Although several Shangpa practices have been assimilated by other Buddhist schools, the tradition was primarily maintained in small retreat centers in the Himalayas. In the twentieth century, one of the main holders of this tradition, Dorje Chang Kalu Rinpoche, transmitted Shangpa Kagyu practices to students around the world, including students at KTC. | history |
http://haarlemphotoclub.nl/events/nieuwe-bavo-church-photo-walk/ | 2024-02-26T20:34:16 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474663.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20240226194006-20240226224006-00870.warc.gz | 0.961582 | 250 | CC-MAIN-2024-10 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__124297173 | en | A special walk again: Walking from the Vijfhoek, one of the nicest quarters in Haarlem, to the Nieuwe Bavo Church with a Haarlem’s Professional City Guide, who will also give us a guided tour OUTSIDE and INSIDE the church. The guided tour will be held by John de Laat, who was also our guide at the Proveniershof Photo Walk. He arranged again a special tour for us: the priest himself will welcome us in his church after the 12 h ceremony.
This neo-Gothic church was finished in 1930 and is dedicated to the city’s patron saint. Some 100 meters long, 42 meters wide, and 60 meters high, it’s a good example of the transition in church architecture from traditional to more modern designs. Highlights include the Cathedral Treasury. Other notable features are the fine stained glass, as well as sculptures and paintings by well-known Dutch artists. Also of note is the Willibrord Organ, built in 1923 with four manuals and 75 stops.
Costs: € 10 including the guided tour and the church entrance fee (Cathedral and the new Cathedral Museum). To be paid cash at the meeting point. | history |
https://www.supreme-sports.co.uk/webshop/regimental-sportswear/scots-guards/ | 2022-07-03T11:18:40 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-27/segments/1656104240553.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220703104037-20220703134037-00384.warc.gz | 0.958544 | 134 | CC-MAIN-2022-27 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-27__0__130806890 | en | The Scots Guards are an infantry regiment steeped in history, with soldiers renowned for their discipline and courage in battle. We are Mechanised Infantry and train to use speed to cross the battlefield quickly and launch onto difficult objectives. Recognised as innovators, we are due to be one of the first STRIKE Mechanised Infantry units with a new fleet of impressive vehicles at the forefront of British Army capability.
In addition to our combat role, the regiment’s ceremonial company has the special honour of acting as guards at royal residences such as Windsor Castle and Buckingham Palace. Our traditional uniform – a red tunic and bearskin hat – is famous the world over. | history |
http://www.norwich.anglican.org/about/who-we-are | 2013-05-24T12:05:35 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704655626/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516114415-00076-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.955937 | 261 | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2013-20__0__103865926 | en | The Church of England plays a vital role in the life of the nation,
proclaiming the Christian gospel in words and actions and providing
services of Christian worship and praise.
Its network of parishes cover the country, bringing a vital Christian dimension to the nation as well as strengthening community life in numerous urban, suburban and rural settings.
The Diocese of Norwich is one of 44 diocese England is divided into. It is one of the oldest dating back to Dunwich (AD630), Elmham (AD673) and Thetford (AD1070). It was founded as the Diocese of Norwich in 1094 and covers 1,804 square miles with a population of approximately 879,000.
The Diocese comprises all Norfolk (the fourth largest county in England) except for an area in the west beyond the Great Ouse and marshland, which is in the Diocese of Ely. A small area of Suffolk, known as Waveney, is also in the Diocese of Norwich, namely the port of Lowestoft and the associated Deanery of Lothingland. The total average weekly attendance is 20,000 across the 567 Church of England parishes, with 183 benefices and 648 church buildings.
Published on: 11/04/2013 | history |
https://www.baatours.bt/?page_id=261 | 2024-04-16T10:07:51 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817081.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20240416093441-20240416123441-00587.warc.gz | 0.918755 | 1,585 | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__139987686 | en | Ura Yakchoe Festival (Festival Date30 April-4 May, 10 Nights/11 Days)
Day01. Arrive at Paro (Altitude 2280 m)
On arrival at Paro Airport, You will be received by our representative and then drive to Thimphu. “The Capital of Bhutan” Dinner and overnight at Hotel in Thimphu.
Day02. Thimphu Sightseeing
After Breakfast, visit the National Memorial Chorten built in 1974 in honour of our late King Jigme Dorji Wangchuk( “Father of Modern Bhutan”) Then Visit to the Tallest Statue of Buddha in the World, sangay gang view point, Takin Preserve Centre, Dupthop Lhakhang one of the few surviving nunneries in Bhutan. After that visit the Institute for Zorig Chusum, commonly knew as the Painting School, Also visits the Folk & Textile Heritage Museums and the National Library which holds a vast collection of ancient Buddhist manuscripts.
After Lunch, visit to the weekend marked and witness archery match. Then visit the Handicrafts Emporium to see exquisite artistry of traditional crafts and textiles. Evening visit to the Trashichho Dzong, seat of the national government and the Central Monastic Body, including the summer residence of the Je Khenpo (Chief Abbot of Bhutan)
Day03. Thimphu-Punakha (75km, 2 ½ Hours)
After Breakfast, Drive to Punakha across Dochula Pass (3050m), we will stop there for few minutes, if the weather is clear, you shall have a good view of Higher Himalayas.
After lunch, visit Chimi Lhakhang, also called the “Temple of Fertility” built in 1499 by Lam Drukpa Kuenley known as the “DIVINE MADMAN” then an excursion to Khamsung Yulley Namgyal Choling Monastery. On the way back visit to Punakha Dzong, built in 1637 by Shabdrung Ngawang Namgyal and is situated between Pho Chu (Male River) and Mo Chu (Female River). Today the Dzong serve as a religious and administrative centre of the region. Dinner and overnight at Hotel in Punakha
After Breakfast, Drive to Gangety, on the way visit Wangdiphordang Dzong (from outside) built in 1638. Legend relates that as the people were searching for the site of the Dzong; four ravens were seen flying away in four directions. This was considered auspicious sign, representing the spread of religion to the four points of the compass. The Dzong is located on the hilltop above the confluence of the Punakha Chu and Tang Chu Rivers. Drive further to Gangtey, visit Gangtey Gompa, built in the year 1613 located at an altitude of 2900m. Today it serves as a meditation and home for the monks.
Explore Phobjikha valley, famous for the Black Necked Cranes during winter. Dinner and overnight at Hotel in Gangety.
Day05.Gangtey-Trongsa-Bumthang (200 km, 6 Hours Drive)
After Breakfast, Drive to Trongsa, visit Trongsa Dzong, the impregnable fortress, built in its present form in 1644 by Chogyal Minjur Tempa, the official who was sent by Shabdrung to unify eastern Bhutan and enlarged at the end of the 17th century by Desi Tenzin Rabgay. The Dzong is built in a traditional style with many levels into the side of the hill and can be seen from every approach to Trongsa exhibiting its strength as a defensive stronghold. Then visit the Ta Dzong, a watchtower, for the Trongsa Dzong.
Afternoon, Drive to Bumthang, Dinner and overnight at Hotel in Bumthang.
Day06. Bumthang Sightseeing
After Breakfast, visit Jakar Dzong, meaning “The Castle of White Bird” It is the largest Dzong in Bhutan. Then visit Jambey Lhakhang, built by the Tibetan King Songtsen Gampo in the 7th century to subdue the evil spirits in the Himalayan region. After that visit Kurjey Lhakhang, this comprises of three Temple. The one on the right was built in 1652 by Minjur Tempa, Trongsa Penlop. This temple is dedicated to Guru Rinpoche who brought Buddhism to Bhutan and had mediated there in 8th century. The middle temple is built on the site of a cave containing a rock with the imprint of the Guru’s body, and is therefore considered to be the most holy. The third temple was built in 1990s by her Majesty Queen mother Ashi Kesang Wangmo Wangchuk. Also visit Tamshing Lhakhang (Temple of the Good Message)
After Lunch, visit Membartsho literally meaning, “The Burning Lake” then a short distance led to the Tang Valley. The Terton Pema Lingpa discovered several of Guru Rinpoche’s hidden Terma and relics here and visits to Mathra Factory & Cheese Factory. Dinner and overnight in Hotel.
Day07. Bumthang (Ura Festival)
After Breakfast, Drive to Ura valley, then witness the Festival. In the evening drive back to Bumthang. Dinner and overnight at Hotel in Bumthang.
Day8. Bumthang- Thimphu (268 km, Altitude 2320m)
After Breakfast, Drive to Thimphu, Lunch will be on the way. Dinner and overnight at Hotel in Thimphu
After Breakfast, Drive to Paro visit Ta Dzong (built in 1656 and renovated in 1968), an ancient watchtower, it now houses National Museum of the kingdom and boasts antique thangkha painting, textiles and weapons & armours. On the way walk down the trail to visit Rinpung Dzong, meaning “fortress heap of jewels” , Afternoon drive to Drukgyel Dzong, a ruined fortress, Built in 1647 by Shabdrung Ngawang Namgyal. On the way back visit Kichu Lhakhang built by the Tibetan King Songtsen Gampo. This temple marks the introduction of Buddhism in Bhutan.
In the evening visit to a Traditional Bhutanese Farm House which offers good insight into life style of local people and their culture
Day10. Paro, Excursion to Taktsang Monastery
After Breakfast, a short drive to satsam chorten. From there your hikes start to Taktsang Monastery one of the most famous monastery of Bhutan floating on the high cliff. It is said that Guru Rinpoche who brought Buddhism to Bhutan arrived on the back of a tigress and meditated at this monastery for three months hence it is called “Tiger Nest”. Lunch at Taktsang Cafteria.
In the evening free for shopping and photography in the town.
Day11. Departure: Breakfast in Hotel, Drive to the Airport, Flight on Druk Air. TASHIDELEK | history |
https://www.castleview.org/who-we-are/our-history/ | 2018-12-17T11:38:55 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-51/segments/1544376828507.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20181217113255-20181217135255-00626.warc.gz | 0.976616 | 226 | CC-MAIN-2018-51 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-51__0__85052910 | en | During the past 115 years, our congregation has had three names and met in three different locations across the city of Indianapolis, yet one feature has remained constant – a devotion to Jesus Christ.
31st Street Fundamentalist Baptist Church
Back in 1897, a small group of 14 people formed a “mission station” on the near northwest side of Indianapolis. As the congregation grew, a new building was built on West 31st Street in 1901. The church emphasized Bible study, prayer and soul winning.
Devington Baptist Church
In 1957, the growing congregation moved to a larger space at 46th Street and Arlington and was renamed Devington Baptist Church. It became known for an excellent Bible teaching ministry.
In the 1970’s, a 25-acre campus was developed in the Castleton area for the expanding church. Castleview Church, at 86th Street and Hague Road, was dedicated in 1978. In 2004, the worship auditorium was destroyed by arson but was rebuilt with other church renovations. The Castleview fellowship continues today as a vibrant community of believers dedicated to glorifying God by making disciples. | history |
https://www.cpcames.org/about-us/history.cfm | 2019-04-22T08:39:33 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-18/segments/1555578548241.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20190422075601-20190422101310-00063.warc.gz | 0.9701 | 550 | CC-MAIN-2019-18 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-18__0__180258718 | en | Collegiate Presbyterian Church was founded on February 21, 1911, when thirty some members met at the home of Thomas Sloss. By the end of February, the new church closed its charter-membership period with a total of 40.
The Synod of Iowa envisioned a church that would minister to both Iowa State and the greater Ames community. The idea of serving "town and gown" in a single congregation was innovative at the time.
The growth of the congregation was rapid. By 1914 a second pastor was added to the staff. The Rev. J.W. Innes, CPC’s founding pastor, became the college pastor, and the Rev. H.W. Johnston was installed as the community pastor. The original church building, the present sanctuary, was dedicated in 1917. Total membership was 400.
In the 1950's a great deal happened and the building was expanded:
A second worship service was initiated
West wing addition for Christian education, library and choir room
New south wing for church and Chapel, with the second floor housing the Westgate Center's campus ministry facilities
Membership grew to 1600; a second Presbyterian Church, Northminister Presbyterian was established in 1961 at the initiative of Collegiate Presbyterian partnership with the Presbytery of North Central Iowa.
Throughout its history, Collegiate Presbyterian has emerged as a “mainline” Protestant church. It has grown and adapted with its times. As the nation struggled with issues of racial equality, poverty, and international conflict, its mission activities emphasized direct action on behalf of social justice and support for refugee victims of conflict.
Collegiate Presbyterian has followed the denomination’s policies of inclusion on the ordination of women and LGBT persons. It has updated its facilities to make the church “accessible” to the disabled. Its adult education programs included “social issues” such as climate change, a candidates’ forum, and international issues. In 2001, a contemporary service was added.
Great music has been a long and much-valued feature of CPC life. The church has formed numerous choirs, an orchestra, small ensembles, hand bells, and praise band.
Collegiate Presbyterian maintains wide-ranging educational programs for youth, adults, and university students.
All these things occur within the Reformed tradition of Christian faith and worship: Sunday worship services, fellowship time, Bible study and prayer groups. All nurture a faith centered on God and God’s Word, radiated throughout the church community, the larger church community, and to the world at large. Our mission to university students puts us perennially on the frontier of faith, reaching out in the tradition of the frontier evangelists. | history |
https://www.aerospeed.com/history | 2024-02-23T11:17:55 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474377.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20240223085439-20240223115439-00527.warc.gz | 0.958184 | 274 | CC-MAIN-2024-10 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__447165 | en | The starting block -
Founded in 1964 by Frank Almas as Aero Speed Mail Service, Inc. in Sacramento, CA, the company began providing retrieval of U.S. mail from customer's post office boxes and delivering to their doorsteps. This quickly morphed into providing messenger and small parcel delivery services. Prior to the age of computerization and email, company correspondence and paperwork moved via overnight courier, so a network was established throughout California and northern Nevada to accommodate the customer base. In 1984, an office was opened in Reno, NV via the purchase Parcel Delivery Service. At its peak the company boasted sales of $7,500,000.00, a payroll of over 170 people, and offices in Sacramento CA, Emeryville CA, Hollywood, CA, Newport Beach, CA and Reno NV.
In 2004, Frank Almas retired and the company was "parted out" and closed. The various divisions were sold and all operations in California ceased. Michael Almas, who had served in various positions in the California company, purchased the assets of the Reno, NV office and started Aero Speed Expedited Delivery Services, LLC, a Nevada Corporation.
So, the company's roots go back to 1964. It's Nevada roots to 1984. And its redue date of 2004. Lots of years have passed, but the focus remains - SERVICE! | history |
http://www.zestethiopiatour.com/lalibela-churches/ | 2019-06-17T05:24:42 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-26/segments/1560627998376.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20190617043021-20190617065021-00350.warc.gz | 0.96357 | 184 | CC-MAIN-2019-26 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-26__0__206405270 | en | King Lalibela is credited with the foundation of the 11 rock-hewn churches in the 12th century. One of the world’s most incredible man-made creations, they are a lasting monument to man’s faith in God. Most travel writers describe these churches as the “eighth wonder of the world”. These remarkable edifices were carved out of a solid rock, in a region where the ragged landscape still protects the churches from mass tourism. The 11 man-made churches are found in and around the town of Lalibela. Other churches are reached by a 45-minutes drive by 4×4 vehicle, or a three hour ride on mule-back.
The venue for some of the most famous church festivals in Ethiopia, a visit during the great celebrations of Genna (X-mas) and Timket (Epiphany) is particularly rewarding. | history |
http://www.fjexpeditions.com/resources/salam/operation_salam.htm | 2018-04-26T18:47:59 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-17/segments/1524125948464.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20180426183626-20180426203626-00160.warc.gz | 0.933834 | 1,428 | CC-MAIN-2018-17 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-17__0__197389029 | en | László Almásys most daring Mission in the Desert War
Kuno Gross, Michael Rolke & András Zboray
Hardcover, 412 pages, 21x27.4 cm, over 500 illustrations
Price (including shipping):
15 May 1942: The previous day in the dunes of the Great Sand Sea the operation had nearly met catastrophe at the
outset. Almásy completely revised the plan and plotted a new route during the night. One of his vehicles was unserviceable,
another damaged, and two men of his group were seriously ill. All were completely exhausted. He determined to
send the two men back to base in the damaged truck, and to continue the operation by the new route. There might be
enough fuel and water to reach the Nile, but not to return and there were the desert patrols of the enemy!
30 December 2008: A definitive account of Operation Salam was long overdue. After some correspondence, the three authors decided to write this book, as a monument to Almásys achievement. A patient three year research in archives and through personal correspondence uncovered much hitherto unknown information and details, enabling the authors to review, correct and where necessary to refute many of the stories, rumors and legends surrounding Almásy and his activities.
This is the story of one of the most daring secret operations of the Desert Campaign in the Second World War. A mission far behind the enemy lines, thousands of kilometers through the most arid corner of the Sahara desert, in order to deliver two German spies into the very heart of British-held Egypt. The German High Command did not count on success but they did not reckon with Almásys resolve, endurance, experience, and luck.
This book provides full details of this operation based on all known accounts, including MI5 files and the intercepted secret W/T messages deciphered at Bletchley Park. Supplementing a nearly complete set of original photographs made during the operation, photos of the authors taken when they retraced the route provide a vivid impression of the dramatic landscapes Operation Salam had to cross to reach its target and to return.
This book is dedicated as a monument to László Ede Almásy, sportsman, aviator, and one of the greatest desert explorers of the 20th century.
Foreword by Dr. Rudolph Kuper
PART 1: EARLY MISSIONS
The first phases of the Desert War in Africa
Secret missions of the Abwehr in North Africa
Mil.-Geo. and Almásy's involvement
1st Operation Kondor
PART 2: OPERATION SALAM
The Desert Campaign in late 1941/early 1942
Prelude to Operation Salam
Vehicles and equipment
Finally: Operation Salam begins!
From Gialo to Assiut
Return to Gialo
PART 3: THE AFTERMATH
British Coutermeasures: Operation Claptrap
Almásy's departure from North Africa
The spy-mission: Operation Kondor
Further Abwehr missions in Libya
Epilogue - summary and conclusions
APPENDIX 1: PERSONS, NOTES & EXPLANATIONS
Other persons of interest
Notes & explanations
APPENDIX 2: PRIMARY ORIGINAL SOURCES
Operation Salam - diary 15 to 29 May 1942
Stanstede, Hans-Gerd: Unpublished Memoirs
Transcripts of intercepted W/T messages
APPENDIX 3: REVIEWS, BIBLIOGRAPHY AND OTHER SOURCES
Review of publications on Operation Salam/Kondor
Maps and sketches
Relted movies and documentaries
I had always hoped that some enterprising desert-wallahs would search for the answers to the remaining points concerning that epic of desert exploration: László Almásys wartime crossing of the Libyan Desert in May 1942 to deliver Rommels spies to the Nile. Now my wish has been granted in this magnificently produced volume. It is a delight to peruse its well designed pages, with beautifully reproduced photographs and maps, an essential accompaniment to the text. The authors achieved what no one else has managed, to retrace Almásys routes across the desert in 1942. They have not only unearthed the unpublished memoirs of one of Rommels spies but have discovered a hitherto hidden cache of photographs taken by members of the Salam commando. (read full review here)
Saul Kelly, Kings College, London, author of "Hunt for Zerzura"
I offer my utmost appreciation and congratulations for your outstanding achievement with this book!
Kuno, Michael, Andras, my dear friends, I have a copy of your book in my hands: your work is OUTSTANDING… this book is a breakthrough.
My wife and I congratulate you on this elaborate book. It arrived today, many thanks, we were very enthusiastic after turning the very first page.
I am very impressed. It is a beautiful looking book, well laid out and the standard of production is uniformly high. I offer you and your co-authors my heartfelt congratulations. This book fills a space in an important chapter in the history of the war in North Africa in WWII. You can be proud of what you have contributed.
The book. Magnificent. Fantastic. Attention to detail remarkable. Well done. Brilliant pics.
I have read your SALAM volume in three days, and I must congratulate the co-authors of this work. All the effort, all this research! I know this story from various sites and sources, but the plot is very well written, encouraging one to read on - like a good thriller. What was particularly interesting to me was the history and all the circumstances that led to SALAM. I can well imagine Almásy in his casual, sloppy Austro-Hungarian style (my father's generation). What he must have endured with these inexperienced men, even if some of them were willing! I can only raise my hat to all three of you, all from the post-war generation, who dared to tell this story, with a VERY GOOD conclusion. Thank you!
The wait was more than worth it. I would definitely rate this book as first class both in form and content for any serious reader.
I congratulate the authors on the outstanding result of their five year thorough research in official and private archives and in the desert. It obviously needed their enthusiasm to discover and publish after seventy years the really true story of “Operation Salam”. My impression is that the authors have extremely thoroughly double and triple checked the facts before making use of them – a rare quality nowadays.
WOW! What an epic publication! You and the otter authors must be so proud! Brilliant, absolutely brilliant! So detailed! The amount of research that must have been involved is evident in every page. Really forensic - but still a joy to read. I can't put it down at the moment!!! | history |
http://pointpleasantinn.com/ | 2017-04-27T16:40:23 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-17/segments/1492917122619.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20170423031202-00611-ip-10-145-167-34.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.930007 | 145 | CC-MAIN-2017-17 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-17__0__147212420 | en | Welcome to Point Pleasant Inn
Step back in time and enjoy life from another era. Surrounded by Narragansett Bay on Bristol Harbor, Point Pleasant Inn is situated in an historical 1938 mansion on 25 acres of grounds. In this serene setting, guests are offered a full gourmet breakfast on the waterfront terrace, an open bar, hors d'oeuvres at the cocktail hour, and all resort amenities, including tennis, bicycles, swimming pool, hot tub, sauna, fitness center, billiards and ping pong room, espresso/tea room, and snack closet. Point Pleasant Inn is located in historic Bristol, Rhode Island, just 30 minutes from Newport and Providence and 90 minutes from Boston. | history |
http://www.coinageinimperialspace.org/Speakers-Abstracts/ | 2017-10-18T16:39:37 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-43/segments/1508187823016.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20171018161655-20171018181655-00230.warc.gz | 0.918644 | 3,454 | CC-MAIN-2017-43 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-43__0__267652273 | en | During the two days of the conference the audience will hear 23 contributions prepared by international, top-specialists in the field of Achaemenid and Greek numismatics and history of the economy. Here is the list of the speakers with abstracts of their lectures:
Peter van Alfen is a member of staff of the American Numismatic Society and Margaret Thompson Curator of Greek Coins, Curatorial Department Head. He is an economic historian working on problems of ancient Mediterranean and Near Eastern monetary, fiscal and trade systems spanning the Late Bronze Age to the early Byzantine period. He has published on a variety of topics including Mycenaean administration, Athenian public finance and coinage, market regulations, Arabian monetization, and Late Roman amphoras. His interests also extend to European and US medallic art of the 15th–21st c. Currently, he is working on several research projects and is preparing a book on the political economy of archaic Greek coinage.
Talk: “Payment, Profit or Prestige? The Rationalities of Coin Production in (Post-) Achaemenid Imperial Space”
Michael Alram is the director of the Department of Coins and Medals of the Kunsthistorisches Museum in Vienna. He is also vice-president of the Austrian Academy of Sciences and President of the International Numismatic Council. The focus of his research is in the field of Iranian numismatics and history. The chronological framework extends from the 6th century BC, with the founding of the Achaemenid Empire, to the 7th/8th c. AD, when Iran fell into the hands of its Arab conquerors. He is involved in a number of research projects, Sylloge Nummorum Sasanidarum and Sylloge Nummorum Parthicorum among others.
Talk: Concluding remarks
Jarosław Bodzek is the v-ce director of the Institute of Archaeology, Jagiellonian University and the director of the Coin Cabinet of the National Museum in Krakow. He specialises in Greek and Roman numismatics, with special focus on Archaic and Classical coin manufacturing in Asia Minor and at the Black Sea coasts. Other fields of his interest are: Greek sculpture and architecture of the Classical and Hellenistic period and sculpture and architecture of the Republican Rome. He is the Editor in Chief of two scientific journals – Studies in Ancient Art and Civilization and Notae Numismaticae-Zapiski Numizmatyczne.
Talk: “King, Satraps, Local Dynasts and Cities in Achaemenid Imperial Space – Pseudo Aristotle’s Oikonomika and the Numismatic Reality”
François de Callataÿ is head of Department at the Royal Library of Belgium, Directeur d‘études at the École pratique des Hautes Études (Paris-Sorbonne) and professor at the Free University of Brussels. He is a specialist of ancient Greek coinages and finances with a special interest for Hellenistic royal coinages, from Alexander the Great to Mithridates Eupator. He is possibly best known for his many works about numismatic quantification, estimating the sizes of ancient coinages put into circulation, and the general link between monetary strikes and military purposes. His work also focuses on ancient economy on the long term and antiquarianism during the 16th-18th c. (mainly through numismatics).
Talk: “Not civic but imperial: the abundant silver coinages in the name of Pamphylian and Cilician cities (c. 450-333 BC)”
Karsten Dahmen is a classical archaeologist and numismatist specialising in Hellenistic and Late Antique coinages. He works as a curator at the Münzkabinett der Staatlichen Museen zu Berlin where he is involved in several research projects dealing mostly with Late Antique, Byzantine and modern coins and medals produced out of Germany. He is also responsible for the redaction of the Internet catalogue of Berlin’s coin collection.
Talk: “Money and Legitimacy after Alexander”
Frédérique Duyrat is the director of the Department of Coins, Medals and Antiques at the Bibliothèque nationale de France. She is the author of Arados hellénistique, étude historique et monétaires, BAH 173, Beirut, 2005 and Wealth and Warfare. The Archaeology of Money in Ancient Syria, NS 34, New York, 2016, as well as numerous scientific articles dealing with problems of production and distribution of coins in the Near East. Currently, she is working on Alexander’s gold coinage and the circulation of gold in the Greek world.
Talk: “Money in Transeuphratene during the Achaemenid Period”
Aneurin Ellis-Evans is a Lecturer in Ancient History at Brasenose College and St. Anne's College, Oxford. His research interests include the regional history of Lesbos and the Troad (7th c. BC - 1st c. AD), the monetary history of this same region and also Hellespontine Mysia (6th - 1st c. BC), and Hellenistic history (with a particular focus on the social and cultural history of the polis).
Talk: "Persian Bimetallism: Fixed or Fluid?" (co-authored with Jonathan Kagan)
Wolfgang Fischer-Bossert is a member of the Austrian Academy of Sciences and works in the Institute for the Study of Ancient Culture Documenta Antiqua Department. His main interests are the archaic and classical coinages of the Greeks including their barbarous neighbours in both the Balkans and the Levant. He leads a research project aiming at catalouging of all Archaic electrum coinage.
Talk: “The Royal Lydian Coinage before Croesus: Walwet and Kukalim”
Haim Gitler is the Chief Curator of Archaeology and the Curator of Numismatics at the Israel Museum, Jerusalem. He acted as the President of the Israel Numismatic Society from 2005 until 2016. He has been a lecturer in numismatics at Tel Aviv University. In his scientific work, he focuses mainly on the Persian Period Coinages, Philistian, Judaean and Samarian but the spectrum of his interests is far wider - from the earliest known coins down to the Byzantine period. While serving at the Israel Museum, he organised many exhibitions among which the one entitled ‘White Gold: Revealing the World’s Earliest Coins’ (2012) deserves a special highlight.
Talk: “Fourth-century BC Indigenous Coinages in Palestine. Towards an Understanding of Achaemenid-Macedonian Monetary Administration” (co-authored with Oren Tal)
Alicja Jurkiewicz is a PhD candidate in the Institute of Archaeology of Jagiellonian University in Krakow. She finished her MA studies in 2015, defending thesis about the iconography of the coinage of Seleucus I Nikator. She presented her research on many conferences and took part in several excavation projects e.g. on Cyprus, Egypt and Lebanon. She is interested in the coinage of Seleucid Kingdom as well as its separatist minorities. Her ongoing studies concern coinage circulation in Phoenicia in the Hellenistic Period.
Talk: “Dynastic Myths and Legends in the Hellenistic East in the Case of Seleucid and Bactrian Coin Iconography”
Jonathan Kagan, an independent scholar, received his A.B. from Harvard University and his M.A. and D.Litt from Oxford University in Classics. He is a fellow of the American and Royal Numismatic Societies and a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries. His research is focused on Archaic and Classical Greek coinage and the History of Numismatics.
Talk: "Persian Bimetallism: Fixed or Fluid?" (co-authored with Aneurin Ellis-Evans)
Evangeline Markou is Associate Researcher at the National Hellenic Research Foundation, Institute of Historical Research, Department of Greek and Roman Antiquity (KERA) of the National Hellenic Research Foundation (NHRF). Her interests cover history, numismatics and inscriptions of Cyprus from the Archaic and Classical periods, iconography of the Archaic and Classical periods, the economic politics of the kings of Cyprus and the relationships between Cyprus and the East. She is the scientific coordinator of the research project: “The Silver Coinage of the Kings of Cyprus: Numismatics and History in the Archaic and Classical Periods (6th to 4th centuries BC)” (acronym SilCoinCy)” funded by the Action ARISTEIA II and of the website Kyprios Character, dedicated to the history, archaeology and numismatics of Ancient Cyprus.
Talk: “The Kings of Cyprus from Achaemenid to Hellenistic Rule: an Autonomous Royal Coinage ?”
Andrew Meadows is Professor of Ancient History and Tutorial Fellow at New College, Oxford and a member of the International Numismatic Council. He was a co-founder of the nomisma.org project, is co-director of the Online Coins of the Roman Empire and of the Oxford-Paris Alexander Project. He has written and edited more than 100 books and articles, including three volumes in the Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum series, and two volumes of Coin Hoards. His most recent publication (with T. Faucher and C. Lorber) is Egyptian Hoards I. The Ptolemies (Cairo, 2017).
Talk: “Coinage in Imperial Space: Control, Convention or Chaos?”
Mariusz Mielczarek is professor in the Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology, Polish Academy of Sciences. He is working on problems of numismatics and archaeology of the Northern Black sea region (projects: “Ancient Nikonion” as well as “Greek poleis of the Northern Black Sea and the Eastern Mediterranean”) and Eastern Mediterranean, economy of ancient Greek world with special attention to coin circulation (including problems of Greek coin finds in Barbarian Europe) and trade relations. He is working on the history of Polish collections of Ancient Greek coins and publications of Polish collections of Ancient Greek coins.
Talk: “Paying Mercenaries. In Imperial Space and not only”
Marek J. Olbrycht is the Head of Department of Ancient History and Oriental Studies at the University of Rzeszów. He specialises in the history and culture of ancient Iran and Central Asia (Pre-Islamic period). His research focuses on such issues as relationships between ancient Greece and Rome with Orient, Alexander the Great and the Hellenistic epoch, Seleucid and Parthian Iran, Pontus and the northern coasts of the Black Sea (with special regard for Mithridates VI Eupator) and the history of warfare.
Talk: “The India-related Coins of Alexander the Great: New Insights”
Ulrike Peter is a numismatists and a Senior Researcher at the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften. Her research and publications focus on Thracian coinage and on the perception of ancient coins in the Renaissance. She studies the coins of the ancient city Philippopolis in Thrace with a special consideration of civic identities. She is one of the executive of the research project Corpus Nummorum Thracorum.
Talk: „Die Umbrüche in der Münzversorgung in der zweiten Hälfte des 4. Jh. v. Chr. in Thrakien: Überblick und Diskussion“
Selene E. Psoma is Associate Professor of Ancient History at the University of Athens. She is interested in history, numismatics, epigraphy, economy, history of law, institutions and topography (Greek cities in Thrace, Kingdom of Macedonia, Mainland Greece and Hellenistic Asia Minor). She published the corpora of the bronze coinages of the Chalcidians of Thrace and the Bottiaeans (2001), a SNG (Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum) Greece IV. The Petros Z. Saroglos Collection (in collaboration with I. P. Touratsoglou: 2005), the corpus of the inscriptions of Aegean Thrace (2005), the excavation coins from the two sites of Maroneia (2008), and more than 70 articles on numismatics, epigraphy and history.
Talk: “The ΣΥΝ (symmachikon) Coinage of the Classical Period. Agesilaus versus Lysander”
Oren Tal is a Professor of classical and Near Eastern archaeology in the Jacob M. Alkow Department of Archaeology and Ancient Near Eastern Cultures. He is the current Director of the Apollonia-Arsuf Excavation Project (since 2007). His research interests concern the material culture of the classical- and medieval-period Near East and its social, political and economic implications, that is from the mid-first millennium BCE to the early second millennium CE. He is also engaged in the study of the early indigenous southern Levantine coinages and the development of monetary economy in the Levant, as well as in ancient technologies.
Talk: “Fourth-century BC Indigenous Coinages in Palestine. Towards an Understanding of Achaemenid-Macedonian Monetary Administration” (co-authored with Haim Gitler)
Christopher Tuplin is a Professor of Ancient History at the University of Liverpool. The main focus of his work lies in Classical Greece and Achaemenid Persia, and the topics on which he has written include: literary and historical and historiographical issues in Xenophon’s Hellenica, Anabasis and Cyropaedia; classical Greek political and military history; the reality and perception of Media and “medism”; the civil and military administration of the Persian Empire; the Persian Great King’s grands projects, coins, inscriptions, misrepresentations, justice, nomadic habits, or ideological posture and head-gear; the Hellenistic legacy of the Achaemenids; the historians Ctesias and Berossus; Babylonian astronomical diaries; the orator Demosthenes; Delos in classical Athenian imperialism; slavery; and racism. He is currently working on Aramaic documents linked to the satrap Arshama and a commentary on Xenophon’s Anabasis.
Talk: “Of darics, disks, staters and Samarians: some issues in Achaemenid imperial space”
Ute Wartenberg Kagan is Executive Director of the American Numismatic Society. Her research interests focus on the early Archaic coins and economy of Greece and the Achaemenid Empire, and in particular on the role of the earliest coins in electrum and silver in the 6th century BCE. She is currently working on a database of all known early electrum coins, which will be used as a basis for a new typology for Archaic coinage. In addition, she is trying to finish a book on the coinage of Pherae in Thessaly. Since 1991, she has been editing, with Andrew Meadows, Coin Hoards, which aims to record all known Greek coin hoards; this project is now moving to an online database. Apart from being a numismatist, she has also a strong interest in Greek papyrology, antiquarian numismatic literature, and 20th century medallic art.
Talk: “A New Persian Coinage of the Archaic and Classical Period”
Bernhard Weisser is the Director of the Coin Cabinet in the Staatlichen Museen zu Berlin. He specialises in coinage of the Roman provinces and the Parthian Empire as well as coin finds from Priene and Milet. He is responsible for the creation of interactive catalog of the Berlin’s Coin Cabinet, which is the most comprehensive online publication of a coin collection in the German-speaking world. He also extensively publishes on German medals produced during the First World War.
Talk: “The Hoard of Demanhur and the Persian Empire. Remarks on Late Archaic and Early Classic Coinage” | history |
http://www.plansel.com/adega/en/history/tradicao/ | 2019-11-18T19:46:36 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-47/segments/1573496669813.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20191118182116-20191118210116-00203.warc.gz | 0.974736 | 178 | CC-MAIN-2019-47 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-47__0__191813784 | en | The introduction of the Napoleonic Code in the Palatinate brought with it a new spirit of entrepreneurship among ordinary citizens. Since 1828, the family’s predecessors have been devoted to viticulture. In the century which followed, the company became one of the leading vineyards and businesses in the Palatinate. With the opening up of the borders for the importation of wine at the end of the 1960s, Jorge Böhm began importing Portuguese wine into Germany. In the 1970s Böhm started building up his own brand for imported Portuguese wines. With the rapid growth in the food trade, the pricing pressure exerted by fewer and fewer bulk buyers made doing business very difficult. Jorge Böhm withdrew from these trading activities and focused his efforts on promoting the family business instead. With that in mind, Jorge Böhm came to Portugal in search of new opportunities. | history |
https://www.accessibilite-patrimoine.fr/chateau-des-ducs-de-bretagne/?lang=en | 2021-10-22T02:21:07 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-43/segments/1634323585450.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20211022021705-20211022051705-00018.warc.gz | 0.958066 | 1,311 | CC-MAIN-2021-43 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-43__0__195444725 | en | The Castle of the Dukes of Brittany has been the subject of sizable renovation works. Accessibility has been integrated into the scheme right from the start and considered at every step of the works. Access for all publics and the deployment of new technologies in the service of the cultural dimension of the project were main objectives of this vast renovation and modernisation programme.
Principal access interventions:
- Connecting castle and town
- Rethinking the distribution of interior spaces and vertical circulation
- Enrich the visitor experience with new interpretive tools
At the heart of the historic city centre of Nantes.
The original castle of which only a tower remains dates back to 13th Century. It has been substantially remodelled by King François II and his daughter Anne de Bretagne. Owing to Anne de Bretagne’s wedding to two Kings of France, the castle became a royal castle and Kings spent time in it until XVIIth Century. The city of Nantes acquired the castle during WW1, at which stage it became home to its museum collections.
Illustrated case-study :
Find out more :
Heritage significance and attractiveness
- Site classified national “Monument Historique”
- Local history museum of Nantes
- A new visitor trail on the castle’s ramparts created during renovation programme
- Popular tourist destination : 170 000 visitors a year and more than 1 million online
- the accessibility of the site (un espace en moins)
- internal circulations: access to various floors via stairways
- access to the collections
Between 2004 et 2007, important renovation works were carried out. Their purpose was to valorise the monument and to make the Duke’s 15th Century castle the new home of the museum, while respecting spaces, structure and monumental appearance. Access for disabled people was at the heart of the project : for the castle and museum are to be accessible to all.
Consultation has played a major role, notably through the appointment of an Access Officer.
Connecting castle and town
The castle is an enclosed fortress which had only one entry over a drawbridge for visitors prior to the start of the renovation works. Historical analysis of the castle revealed that there had earlier been two other ways of access : an emergency entry and an entry from the Loire riverside, which had been landfilled in XXth Century.
The emergency entry had been rebuilt for the benefit of visitors with mobility difficulties. A new horizontal footbridge, which connects the entry with the courtyard has been built where there had been one in the past. This is close to an accessible tram stop and car park, allowing for a seamless access journey. A single entry for all would have been preferable, but was not possible. The existing drawbridge links the castle with a historic town centre, which is almost entirely paved (with uneven stones and slabs). Today, however, the majority of visitors use the new entry as it allows an easy and seamless journey.
The renovation of the castle and museum was the opportunity of creating a new walkway on the ramparts. Up to this point, these had only been accessible via stairways, and only portions of it were accessible. A lift, un-conspicuously fitted against the Grand Gouvernement building, preserves the architectural integrity of the castle. A footbridge connects the lift with the ramparts, half the length of which has been made accessible. Full access to the ramparts for visitors with mobility difficulties was not possible, as several flights of stairs could not be removed.
Re-thinking the interior distribution of spaces
Two buildings house the museum’s displays, the Grand Logis and the Grand Gouvernement. In between them is the smaller roofed and walled space called Les Jacobins. The Grand Logis and the Grand Gouvernement have a number of floor levels at differing heights. The spiral staircases which lead up to them are known to cause discomfort, also for visitors who have no mobility problems.
The Jacobins space, situated within a tower, had previously been destroyed. Its walls and roof had been restored. This vast central space has been preserved emptied of its floors to serve as a space for organising visitor flow. A lift now provides access to most floors of the Grand Logis. This new re-fit improves the legibility of the building’s architecture.
The lift could not provide access to all levels. A platform lift was therefore installed at the level of the attic and opens up access to the big mezzanine.
Use of a platform lift required a dispensation (translator’s note : from meeting duties under French disability legislation). A platform lift is at times the only solution to provide access to floor levels of differing heights in a listed building.
It was not possible to provide a loop shaped route for visitors of the museum, given its spatial structure. Visitors explore one level at a time and come back to the central pavilion to visit the next one.
One of the aims of the exhibition design was to put earlier floor levels on show. A deeper lying older floor level, or “likely archeological level” can thus be viewed in some rooms. As they represent a health hazard, metal handrails have been installed in front of them.
A visitor route with interpretation for all publics
Various interpretation tools are on offer for a more interesting visit by people with disabilities. They also provide a different experience to all publics. Several spaces combine to offer a sensory trail experienced via sound, sight, touch and smell available for all visitors.
In addition to these “visits for all”, specific tours and accessible formats have been developed to meet the requirements of several groups of visitors with disabilities. These include multi-media guides in French Sign Language, audio and tactile resources for people with a visual impairment and learning resources for visitors with a learning difficulty.
- Client: the town of Nantes
- Project manager : Pascal Prunet, chief architect of historic monuments; Jean-François Bodin, architect and museographer
- Consultation: appointment of an Access Officer
At the castle of the Dukes of Brittany, a culture du compromises played a vital role. In order to persuade decision makers, it was key to show that the chosen design solutions improve the quality of experience and comfort for all visitors, not only visitors with a disability. | history |
https://www.kitkatphoto.com/newborns/lest-we-forget2016/ | 2021-12-02T22:44:03 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-49/segments/1637964362297.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20211202205828-20211202235828-00167.warc.gz | 0.976705 | 407 | CC-MAIN-2021-49 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-49__0__128519120 | en | I had the utmost pleasure in having a timely newborn session that deserved my sharing the story behind the images. During the pre-session planning, Mom and I chatted about her vision for her newborn baby’s portraits that I had been commissioned to capture. Mom spoke of a few items she would bring to use in some of the photographs. I was excited to have the chance to create some images that honoured the veterans in their family while also building a memory that focused on the newest generation.
Case embracing his family’s military history. Memorabilia include Dad’s beret, Case wearing his combat scarf he wore in Afghanistan in 2003, medal, sniper badge from the 3 RCR parachute regiment.
The veterans; left, Great grandfather Robert and right, Dad Kurtis.
1. Robert John Kirkwood
Great Grandfather Robert enlisted on October 2nd, 1942. He served in Canada, Britain, Central Mediterranean Area and Northwest Europe. He had an honourable discharge as a private on August 28, 1946.
Medals and Decorations: 1939-45 Star, Italy Star, France and Germany Star, Defence Medal, Canadian Volunteer Service Medal with claps and War medal 1939-45 (lapel pin represents these)
He later joined the reserves and served until 1964.
The bracelet pictured above on top of the beret lists some of the places he went (including Bologna, Pisa, Naples)
- Kurtis Nelson Manion
Kurtis joined the military in 2001 when he was 17 years of age. He was a member of the Royal Canadian Regiment 3rd Battalion. He was a sniper with the 3RCR Parachute Regiment. His time in the military included a tour of duty in 2003. He left the military as a corporal in 2006.
Pictured laid upon son Case is Dad’s medal he received from his tour in Afghanistan in 2003.
(family photos and detailed information shared with permission by the Manion family) | history |
https://www.oursaviorslc.org/history | 2024-02-27T00:32:01 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474669.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20240226225941-20240227015941-00820.warc.gz | 0.975215 | 646 | CC-MAIN-2024-10 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__184188745 | en | Our Savior’s is the oldest Lutheran Church in continuous existence in the Hartford area. It was founded by a group of Danish immigrants in the 1880’s, and by 1891 they had built a church for their use at the corner of Russ and Babcock Streets in Hartford. Thirteen pastors served the congregation in this location, serving the Danish families that continued to move to the area.
In the 1950’s, a highway was scheduled to be built through the neighborhood in which the church was located. Our Savior’s made plans to move to a site on West Hartford Road in Newington. In 1958, the education wing of the new Our Savior’s church was complete, and the congregation moved in under the leadership of Pastor Holger O. Nielsen.
In this same period, a group of Swedish immigrants were also looking to organize a Lutheran church in the area. In 1944, Pastor Robert Esbjornson was commissioned to survey Newington to see if there were enough families to begin a Sunday School. Within three months, 39 children were enrolled and five teachers were recruited. The congregation began worshipping in the Town Hall auditorium on the corner of Main Street and Bonair Avenue, and organized as Holy Trinity Lutheran Church in 1945. They selected a location at the south end of Main Street in Newington, and finished construction in 1948.
Both churches continued to thrive throughout the 1950’s, hosting a range of ministries for families and outreach into the local community and to missions around the world. In 1962, the national churches --the American Evangelical Lutheran Church, of which Our Savior’s was a part, and the Augustana Synod, with which Holy Trinity was affiliated—merged. Discussions began in 1965 as to whether the congregations should merge, and in 1967 they became one church, housed in the current location at 1655 Main Street in Newington under the name Our Savior’s.
Since the merger, the community at Our Savior’s has had partnerships with many outreach ministries, including a Hispanic mission in Hartford, missionary work in Brazil, Habitat for Humanity, Heifer Project, and Lutheran World Relief, to name a few. Our Savior’s hosted a Deaf ministry for five years, and supported contemporary worship and a sacred dance group. Sunday school, confirmation, and adult education ministries continue to equip young and old alike to live out their faith. Youth ministry has been strong in recent years at Our Saviors, with groups of 15 young people attending National Youth Gatherings of the ELCA. The ladies of the church have made hundreds of quilts, which have been sent literally all over the world. Thus two communities formed to serve immigrant communities in America now reach people near and far with the Good News of God in Christ Jesus.
50th Anniversary Celebration
On October 29th 2017 we celebrated Our Savior’s 50th Anniversary of the merger and the 500th year of the reformation. Indian Hill Country Club was a sea of red decorations and attire. Nearly 100 members and guests attended this event. We reminisced with old photos and old members. Letters from previous clergy were read. | history |
http://astrowing.over-blog.com/2014/01/berlin-golden-hat.html | 2023-02-01T05:20:18 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-06/segments/1674764499911.86/warc/CC-MAIN-20230201045500-20230201075500-00381.warc.gz | 0.943901 | 267 | CC-MAIN-2023-06 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-06__0__305601367 | en | Berlin Golden Hat
At the dawn of human civilization astronomical knowledge brought a lot of prestige. I was in Berlin the last few days to celebrate the Saint-Silvestre and thought that a visit to a few museums was warranted. But even while on vacation I stumble on Astronomy-related Archaeological artefacts or pieces of art.
At the Neues Museum in Berlin next to the “Troy treasures” is displayed the “Berlin Gold Hat”, which testifies to the importance of the priest/shaman in the Bronze Age Germany (1000-800 B.C.). The hat was used to calculate the calendar that was essential in the development of agriculture (e.g., when to plant the seed). The hat is basically a mathematical table. The level of mathematics that the priest needed to compute the days from observations of the lunar phases is pretty high (complex multiplications). Artistically the hat is beautiful, being made of a simple sheet of gold where circles designate days in the lunar and solar calendar system. The choice of gold was probably dictated by the importance of the hat. The accuracy of the marks was preserved over time by using a metal like gold. What strikes me is the form of the hat, a pointed form like the common view of magicians and witches’ hats. | history |
http://kosubaawate.blogspot.com/2011/03/kinshasa-2011-service-quado.html | 2023-06-01T18:49:09 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224648000.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20230601175345-20230601205345-00288.warc.gz | 0.911936 | 227 | CC-MAIN-2023-23 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__112275106 | en | A familiar sight along Kinshasa’s streets is the informal tire repair operation advertised by a stack of tires and a hand-painted sign proclaiming “Service Quado”. This derives from one of the proprietors of the Maison du Pneu, a French businessman named Cohadon. In common speech, Cohadon transmogrified into “Quado”. The shop was on Ave. Tombeur de Tabora (now Tombalbaye) near the Congolese Hospital (Mama Yemo). Cohadon’s partner was an American named Paul Kirst who first came to Leopoldville in 1922 with the American trading firm, L.C. Gillespie and Son. From the 1930s until the end of World War II, he was the local agent for Texaco. He opened Maison du Pneu in 1945. Kirst died at 80 at Mama Yemo hospital in 1976.
· Kolonga Molei, 1979. Kinshasa, ce village d’hier.:
Post a Comment | history |
https://edie.pink/jane-holzer/?replytocom=412 | 2024-02-22T03:50:35 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947473690.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20240222030017-20240222060017-00803.warc.gz | 0.969543 | 307 | CC-MAIN-2024-10 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__192247485 | en | Jane Holzer, aka Baby Jane Holzer did 10 Screen Tests at Andy Warhol’s Factory, ST139 – ST148, between 1964 & 1965. This “Toothbrushing Screen Test” is ST147 from 1964.
“Baby Jane” Holzer, as she was usually called in the 1960’s, was a successful model and trendsetter, married to the real-estate developer Leonard Holzer. After she was photographed by David Bailey in London in the summer of 1963, Holzer became one of the better-knows social celebrities in New York, thanks largely to the unpretentious enthusiasm with which she moved through the worlds of modeling and fashion, underground movies, art, and high society. Holzer’s appearance in the October 1, 1964, issue of Vogue was credited with creating the new fashion for big manes of long hair. Her pop fame reached its zenith in December 1964 with the publication in New York magazine of Tom Wolfe’s ironic essay about her, “The Girl of the Year.”
An independent woman, Holzer survived Warhol’s Factory as his circle spiraled into a dangerous zone, culminating in the 1968 shooting of the artist. Yet, she and Warhol became confidants, developing a deep friendship until his tragic death in 1987. This exhibition explores the rise of “Baby Jane” as an internationally known model and reveals the evolution of his first superstar and their enduring friendship. | history |
http://www.linformale.eu/covering-and-uncovering-history-an-interview-with-benny-morris/ | 2022-01-17T22:57:25 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-05/segments/1642320300624.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20220117212242-20220118002242-00025.warc.gz | 0.98678 | 1,795 | CC-MAIN-2022-05 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-05__0__35604358 | en | On the 5th of July, Haartez published an article by Hagar Shezaf with the sensationalistic title, “Burying the Nakba: How Israel systematically hides evidence of 1948 Expulsion of Arabs”.
In the article, the author tells of how the Malmab, a department of the Israel Ministry of Defense, has progressively made inaccessible to the public a series of documents which had been previously open to scrutiny and already used by scholars to better understand what where the causes of the Arab-Palestinian refugee issue.
One of the foremost Israeli historians, cited in the article, who has devoted much of his research to this specific topic is, of course, Benny Morris.
L’informale has interviewed him to put the record straight.
Professor Morris, in Hagar Shezaf’s article she writes, “Hundreds of documents have been concealed as a part of a systematic effort to hide evidence of the Nakba”. Do you agree with this statement?
I wouldn’t have written it in that way. There are two stages of this story and, in her article, Hagar Sharif didn’t really relate to the first one. There are different types of documents which are supposed to be classified for different numbers of years, but essentially after thirty years, political documents are supposed to be open. Thirty years after the 1948 war the State archive and other archives began opening the documentation and what they did then was that some documents, a small number of them, were actually classified, they were not opened. There was a first stage of, if you like, censorship, when the documents were first opened, when certain documents where kept closed, and they were those documents which placed Israel in a bad light especially in connection to massacres and expulsion of Arabs. Hagar Shezaf has discovered that in the last twenty years, more or less, the state embarked in a second stage of censorship. In other words, things that were once opened after thirty years were again closed and classified and those are the documents she found which are no longer open and which were before.
Yehiel Horev, who headed the Malamb for twenty years has explained that the sealing of these documents is due to security reasons. If this is the reason, why have such documents which were available 15 years ago or previously, are to be sealed now. In the recent past the security reasons were not as relevant as today?
Horev did not say it as simply as that. What he said was that the State law affirms that the State has the right to classify documents which, if opened, could damage Israel’s security or its foreign relations. This is what the law says, they have the right to close them. What they did is that they opened them for thirty years, in the Seventies and Eighties and Nineties and then Malamb went ahead and went over the documents again and closed those they thought could injure Israel’s security or its foreign relations. Now, the problem of the closure of documents in relation to foreign relations is that this is a very broad definition. You can say that anything that puts Israel into a bad light can harm its relations, let us say with Egypt and Jordan, two Arab countries with which Israel is at peace, so, if this is the case, the documents will be closed. What historians like myself think, is that closing these documents is stupid, because they have already been opened and scholars have already used them, so reclosing them doesn’t actually hide the truth. The truth is already known, and the second thing is that it is sort of immoral because democracies are supposed to open their documents. However, the Defense Ministry can counter this with a good argument, by saying that Israel, unlike other democracies, is still at war with its neighbors, with his Arab neighbors, with the Palestinians, and because this war is ongoing, and because propaganda is part of the battle, they are justified in closing things which might give their enemies ammunitions in terms of propaganda against the State. This is a strong argument but you also have to weigh this against what historians like myself say, that this goes against the liberal, democratic values of a society, and also that it produces much damage due to the fact that many of these documents have already been used by historians.
So you are against this state of affairs?
I strongly disapprove it. I condemn it. It is stupid, because it is like closing the barn after the horses have already fled, because the historians have already written their books citing documents that were declassified and now are classified again. To close the documents now doesn’t make any sense.
In the Haartez article, Yehiel Horev makes a stunning statement. He candidly admits that the objective of Malamb is to “undermine the credibility of studies of the history of the refugee problem”. Doesn’t this bring grist to the mill of those who attack Israel by saying it was born in sin?
I think this is of secondary importance. The problem in Horev’s words is that he says that if we hide the documents, the historians who write about these things will be opened to scrutiny, because they can’t actually point at the documents they mention and say, “Go and look at the documents”, because the documents are no longer available, they are closed. In this way they can undermine the credibility of the historians, that is what he is saying, and I find this quite disgusting. It is not the job of a government to undermine the credibility of historians.
There are many pro-Palestinians who are feeding on this article by Haartez. According to them this proves that there is a sort of conspiracy by the State of Israel to cover the so called ethnic cleansing of Arabs that, according to their narrative, went on during the war of 1948-1949. What do you have to say in relation to this issue about which you have written copiously?
The first thing I would say is that those who say this are completely hypocritical, because when you look at Arab archives they are all closed. They haven’t opened anything. So, here they are criticizing Israel for having opened certain documents and then having closed them again while the Arabs and the Palestinians have closed everything and have been hiding everything from researchers. They are not in the position of criticizing anything. That’s one thing. The second thing is about the picture of what happened in 1948. I think is pretty clear already, on the basis of the documentation which has been opened, including those number of documents which they closed again. We actually know more or less what happened. As you said, I wrote a number of books about it and what they show is that the phrase “ethnic cleansing” isn’t the right definition of what happened. What happened was that there was a war which the Arabs states launched against the Jewish community in Israel which was going to become a State in 1948. They attacked the State of Israel, and in repelling that attack by the Arabs the Israelis essentially drove out part of the Arab-Palestinian population. Part of it moved out of its own to the West Bank, to the Gaza Strip and out of the country all together. It wasn’t a systematic expulsion, it wasn’t a State policy. The phrase “ethnic cleansing” is problematic. For example, the ethnic cleansing which was carried out by the Serbs in Yugoslavia was systematic, was organized, was extremely brutal, there were ten of thousands of cases of murder, thousands of cases of rape. What happened in 1948 was essentially a war which was accompanied by a small number of massacres and almost no cases of rape, they were very rare. The term “ethnic cleansing” is wrong. What you can say is that at the end of the war Israel didn’t allow the Palestinians, the refugees, those that were uprooted, to return to their homes. In this sense, what happened, was an expulsion, but not an expulsion as a result of a systematic, planned policy based on ideology and a government decision. None of this ever happened. What happened was that in same places some officers expelled people, but in most cases the Arabs just run away and then, simply, Israel didn’t allow them to come back. This is a decision with which I agree completely, because what they would have been doing by allowing them back is that the Arabs would have attacked them and undermined the State of Israel from within. The government decision was therefore logical, as it is logical not to allow the five to six millions people who are classified as refugees to come back , because that will mean the end of Israel as a Jewish State. | history |
http://wvyoungrepublicans.org/about/ | 2017-04-29T15:31:51 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-17/segments/1492917123530.18/warc/CC-MAIN-20170423031203-00221-ip-10-145-167-34.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.954613 | 394 | CC-MAIN-2017-17 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-17__0__2220773 | en | Young Republican Historical Perspective
The Young Republicans are the oldest political youth organization in the United States. The first organized effort of the Young Republicans began in New York City in 1859; three years after the Republican Party selected its first presidential candidate. A year later, the YRs played a critical role in helping elect President Lincoln.
In 1931 the YRs were organized nationally. West Point graduate George H. Olmsted began to attract the attention of the leaders of the national Republican Party, and he was invited to meet with President Herbert Hoover at the White House.
President Hoover, so impressed with his visit with Olmsted, asked the young man to head the Young Republican division of the Republican Party, which Olmsted accepted. In 1935, the Young Republican division officially became the Young Republican National Federation, and Olmsted was elected the first president of our national organization.
Taking The Next Step Forward
The YRs have a solid record of producing future Republican Party leaders – including Governors, Senators, Congressmen, nationally recognized campaign consultants, and community leaders.
The West Virginia Federation of Young Republicans are looking forward to working with all of you to build a successful organization for young adults here in West Virginia.
A group of likeminded individuals, in which we will provide essential grassroots support for our Republican candidates and conservative issues, produce future Republican Party leaders, and provide a great opportunity for interaction among members that allows for the exchange of ideas, networking, and friendships that will last a lifetime.
Through recruiting, training and mobilizing people, the YRs present opportunities for ordinary people to do extraordinary things. Through community involvement in political issues, charitable projects, and participation in political campaigns, the YRs will work to improve our community.
The YRs will provide different opportunities for different people. No matter what your long-term goals maybe, the YRs will serve as the building blocks for a successful future in our great state of West Virginia. | history |
https://parnassusmusing.net/2020/08/20/john-lewis-biography-jon-meacham-excerpt/ | 2023-06-05T09:46:16 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224651815.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20230605085657-20230605115657-00208.warc.gz | 0.97029 | 1,496 | CC-MAIN-2023-23 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__237537553 | en | In many ways, John Lewis’ life speaks for itself. He was a champion of justice who risked his life in the name of freedom countless times, and continued on in public service until his very last days. But with lessons not only from the recent past but for our present day and beyond, the story and witness of John Lewis is one that bears telling — and hearing — again and again.
In the forthcoming biography His Truth Is Marching On: John Lewis and the Power of Hope, historian Jon Meacham lays out the arc of Lewis’ extraordinary time on this earth: from his early days as “the boy from Troy,” as Martin Luther King Jr. called him in their first meeting, to the front lines of the civil rights movement, to the halls of government, and finally to the pantheon of history. The book includes an afterword by Lewis himself, written not long before his death this past July.
“He was as important to the founding of a modern and multiethnic twentieth- and twenty-first century America as Thomas Jefferson and James Madison and Samuel Adams were to the creation of the nation-state in the eighteenth century,” Meacham writes. “This is not hyperbole. It is fact—observable, discernible, undeniable fact.” Meacham also submits that John Lewis might meet the requirements of an even loftier title: saint.
In this excerpt, taken from the introduction, John Lewis has just visited the bridge above the Alabama River where he was beaten nearly to death years before, on the march from Montgomery to Selma.
Taken together with sit-ins to integrate lunch counters and other public facilities and Freedom Rides to integrate interstate travel, the Selma march, Lewis recalled, “injected something very special into the soul and the heart and the veins of America. It said, in effect, that we must humanize our social and political and economic structure. When people saw what happened on that bridge, there was a sense of revulsion all over America.” Revulsion, then redemption: Is there anything more American? “Redemption—redemption is everything,” Lewis said. “It is what we pray for. It is what we march for. It is the work of America. In the ’60s, and now, and always.”
In the middle of the last century, he marched into the line of fire to summon a nation to be what it had long said it would be but had failed to become. Arrested 45 times over the course of his life, Lewis suffered a fractured skull and was repeatedly beaten and tear-gassed. It takes nothing away from the legacy of Martin Luther King, Jr., or of Rosa Parks, or of any of the legions who marched and worked and struggled for justice, to say that John Lewis was the fullest and bravest embodiment of the raw courage required to end a century of Jim Crow in America.
His plea was not rhetorical but real. He led by example more than by words. He was a peaceful soldier in the cause of a religiously inspired understanding of humanity and of America. And he bent history to his will—though he would insist the important thing was not his will, but God’s. No other American represented the harsh realities and the high hopes of the civil-rights movement more vividly over a longer period of time more than John Lewis; no other prominent American bore such steady witness over as many decades to the belief, grounded in scripture and in the American tradition, that all men are in fact created equal.
The world was one way before John Lewis came out of Pike County and into the maelstrom of history, and it was another way when he was done. Though, to be strictly accurate, he was never done. “In the final analysis, we are one people, one family, one house—not just the house of black and white, but the house of the South, the house of America,” Lewis said. “We can move ahead, we can move forward, we can create a multiracial community, a truly democratic society. I think we’re on our way there. There may be some setbacks. But we are going to get there. We have to be hopeful. Never give up, never give in, keep moving on.” Devoted to the ideal of a soul’s pilgrimage from sin to redemption, from the wilderness of the world to the Kingdom of God, Lewis walked with faith that tomorrow could be better than today, and that tomorrow was but prelude to a yet more glorious day after that.
To put complicated matters simply: John Robert Lewis embodied the traits of a saint in the classical Christian sense of the term. A complex concept, sanctity has at various times been applied to all believers or to a special few. In Greek, the language of the New Testament, sainthood is derived from hagaizo, which means “to set apart” or “make holy.” (The Latin is sanctus.) Generations of believers have held that some human lives are in such harmony with the ideals of God that they should be singled out. One need not embrace Catholic practice and doctrine to benefit from the contemplation of men and women who, in the words of an old hymn, “toiled and fought and lived and died for the Lord they loved and knew.” One test of a saint, closely tied to the test of a martyr, is the willingness to suffer and die for others. Which Lewis was willing to do—again and again and again, on the streets of America the day before yesterday.
This may sound sentimental and overly grand, and if one were saying it about virtually anyone other than Lewis, it likely would be. To see John Lewis as a saint and hero, however, is not nostalgic, nor does such an understanding flow from a kind of easy-listening historical sensibility in which the civil rights movement is white America’s safe and redemptive drama. It comes, rather, from the straightforward story of what Lewis did, how he lived, and why. He accomplished something on the battlefields of twentieth-century America, in the skirmishes in our streets and in our cities and in our hearts, that links him with the saints of ancient ages, with the revolutionaries of the eighteenth century, and with the abolitionists and Union soldiers of the nineteenth. In Abraham Lincoln’s First Inaugural, the new president appealed, eloquently but theoretically, to “the better angels of our nature.” John Lewis is a better angel. The American present and future may in many ways hinge on the extent to which the rest of us can draw lessons from his example.
Excerpted from His Truth Is Marching On by Jon Meacham. Copyright © 2020 by Jon Meacham. Excerpted by permission of Random House, an imprint of Random House. All rights reserved. No part of this excerpt may be reproduced or reprinted without permission in writing from the publisher.
* * *
Pre-order your copy of His Truth Is Marching On, then make plans to join us for a virtual event with Jon Meacham on Tuesday, Aug. 25! | history |
https://chateaumathias.com/the-chateau-bed-endbreakfast-lot-et-garonne | 2024-03-03T01:54:03 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947476180.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20240303011622-20240303041622-00223.warc.gz | 0.963361 | 102 | CC-MAIN-2024-10 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__124462432 | en | The château was built in 1878 for the nobleman Edmond de Blay and his wife Thérèse de Sevin.
During the Second World War, the house was occupied by the Resistance. Traces of their presence can be seen to this day.
Since acquiring the property in 2014, we have undertaken a complete renovation and restoration of the interior while maintaining its original appearance. We have redesigned the garden to create a perfect idyllic framework for the beauty of the house. | history |
https://www.mayanprincesshotel.com/september-celebrations/ | 2019-08-20T02:03:31 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-35/segments/1566027315174.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20190820003509-20190820025509-00334.warc.gz | 0.955604 | 149 | CC-MAIN-2019-35 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-35__0__67038056 | en | San Pedro in September is a town of celebrations and remembrance, of thinking back to our shared history and looking forward at the future.
Belize was born on September 21, 1981, and on that day each year we celebrate our independence. But before we get to that date, on September 10 each year we also celebrate a pivotal moment in our history from the late 1700s: the Battle of St. George’s Caye.
Of course, in true San Pedro fashion we never miss an opportunity for festivities, and celebrating history is no different. If you should find yourself in our neck of the woods – perhaps staying at a quaint and cute little pink hotel – we’d love to cheers some Belikens with you! | history |
https://www.schnitzerei.it/en/ | 2022-10-03T23:46:07 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-40/segments/1664030337446.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20221003231906-20221004021906-00653.warc.gz | 0.961432 | 214 | CC-MAIN-2022-40 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-40__0__130030292 | en | Welcome to the world of woodcarvings - South Tyrol
The profession of woodcarver and wood sculptor can be found in old documents of the history of South Tyrol. It contains numerous names for our profession – all of them refer to the processing of wood in order to create noble and stylish forms.
In different regions of the Alpine region there were and still are mask carvers, crib carvers, relief and picture carvers, and last but not least wood carvers. The production of wooden figures was first described in South Tyrol at the beginning of the 17th century. Since then, this handicraft has been passed down from generation to generation, with the aim of preserving its originality and constantly developing its high quality. No wonder, then, that our small and large wooden works of art are in great demand all over the world!
Discover the variety of our products from decades of experience in our online shop and let yourself be enchanted by them!
For information and questions, we are always available by phone or e-mail. | history |
https://rsv.org.au/events/bonding-in-world-of-minerals/ | 2024-04-23T23:56:09 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296818835.29/warc/CC-MAIN-20240423223805-20240424013805-00627.warc.gz | 0.942344 | 307 | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__166040007 | en | Dr Stuart Mills
Geosciences Senior Curator, Museum Victoria
Why is 2014 the UNESCO International Year of Crystallography? And why is crystallography important to us?
In 1914, 100 years ago, Max von Laue won the Nobel Prize for Physics “for his discovery of the diffraction of X-rays by crystals”. A year later, Australian father and son team Sir William Henry Bragg and Sir William Lawrence Bragg were jointly awarded the Nobel Prize after being not only the first people to solve a crystal structure – that of salt, but for also developing the first X-ray spectrometer. These gifted scientists launched a new experimental discipline which has since uncovered the atomic arrangements of hundreds of thousands of materials in mineralogy, biology and chemistry, and has been vital to discoveries such as the structure of DNA.
So 100 years on, what is the state of play? Dr Stuart Mills, Senior Curator of Geosciences at Museum Victoria, will take you on a journey through “Bonding in the world of minerals” and show you that minerals are not only beautiful, but also that amazing discoveries are constantly being made. In 2014, determining the structure of minerals is as important now as it was 100 years ago, when von Laue and the Braggs started it all.
This talk is part of the public lecture series celebrating the2014 UNESCO International Year of Crystallography (http://science.unimelb.edu.au/crystallography). | history |
http://love88688.com/new-orleans-reborn-the-2008-nba-all-star-game/ | 2022-12-01T13:53:07 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-49/segments/1669446710813.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20221201121601-20221201151601-00769.warc.gz | 0.967738 | 919 | CC-MAIN-2022-49 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-49__0__223213303 | en | The 2008 all-star weekend held in New Orleans just recently is one of the most important events the town has held as it is one of the biggest, if not the biggest, event that was held there since the town was devastated by Hurricane Katrina. The spectacle’s success was remarkable, letting tourists know that New Orleans has been reborn.
The festivities started with the Rookie Challenge, sponsored by T-Mobile. The game featured fancy passes, spectacular dunks, and athletic feats that the younger generation boasts. But among these great plays, one Daniel “Boobie” Gibson from the Cleveland Cavaliers, with his deadly three-point accuracy, stood tall among other rookies and sophomores. He led the sophomores to victory with 33 points, all of them coming from beyond the arc.
The next day, the all-star weekend continued, and the 2008 Haier Shooting Stars started the night off, and what a way to do so, as the San Antonio team, consisting of Spurs forward Tim haier led tv 43 inch Duncan, Silver Stars guard Becky Hammond, and NBA Legend David Robinson, overcame the odds and won the event, despite it being an event that requires good shooting from the perimeter (both Duncan and Robinson were known for their inside presence).
The Playstation Skills Challenge was the second event of the night, and continued the string of upsets, as Miami Heat star Dwayne Wade, the event’s 2-time defending champion, bowed out of the competition early on, leaving Utah Jazz guard Deron Williams and New Orleans’ own Chris Paul fighting for the championship. Even though the crowd was clearly behind the hometown boy, and Paul being the better man stats-wise, that didn’t stop the Jazz guard from having a date with destiny, as he defeated Paul in the finals, beating the record for the fastest time lapsed in the event while doing so.
But just when people thought this would be a night of upsets, the Foot Locker 3-point shootout featured Toronto Raptors shooter Jason Kapono’s dominance in the event. He breezed through the eliminations, leading the competitors with 20 points, next to both Dallas’ Dirk Nowitzki and Daniel Gibson’s 17. Nowitzki surprisingly faltered in the final round, and while Gibson managed to get a respectable score, both were humbled by Kapono’s amazing shooting streak, and the champion successfully defended his title with a score of 25, tying the all-time record for the most points in a three-point shootout event that was held by Chicago’s Craig Hodges.
Ending the night was the Sprite Slam Dunk Contest that featured Toronto rookie Jamario Moon, Memphis sophomore Rudy Gay, 7-foot-tall Orlando Magic center Dwight Howard and Defending Champion Gerald Green of the Minnesota Timberwolves. Despite being the tallest of all the competitors, Howard showed tremendous leaping ability, which the announcers mentioned all the time that the NBA has never seen anyone so tall with the high leaping ability like Howard possesses. After he successfully nailed an astonishing left-handed tomahawk follow-up dunk which sounds quite easy on paper, but the thing is he bounced it off the backboard, and by back I meant the back of the backboard; everyone was already predicting a win for Howard, and they’re right. And while his first dunk raised the roof of the joint, the second and third ones blew it away. No doubt that he was the clear-cut champion of one of the best slam dunk events of all time.
The last night of the weekend featured the main attraction, the 2008 NBA All-star game, featuring the leagues brightest stars today, showcasing their amazing talents; and it showed during the first 3 quarters of the game, including Howard and Cavaliers star LeBron James sharing eye-popping alley-oop passes to one another. But in the final 10 minutes of the game, the competition got stiffer, and the heat was on. The East led throughout the game, but the West clawed their way back. But the West fell short when James drove home with a jam over Nowitzki that not only drew tremendous applause from fans, players and coaches alike, but also served as the nail in the coffin for the game. And it’s just fitting that with the East’s victory over the West, the Cavs’ forward received the award as All-Star MVP, showing everyone that he was the star among stars that night. | history |
http://sailorcraftknots.com/my-story | 2019-09-22T11:57:56 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-39/segments/1568514575513.97/warc/CC-MAIN-20190922114839-20190922140839-00176.warc.gz | 0.968094 | 212 | CC-MAIN-2019-39 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-39__0__90726155 | en | The Knot Guy in Charleston, SC
I started tying knots in 1985 while working on off-shore oil rigs in Alaska. A few of the work crew started making Monkeys Fist key fobs and before you knew it, we were trying to out do each other with all kinds of knots and braids. This was a wonderful way to pass the time while on fire watch or when the seas were too rough to work on deck.
At home in Anchorage I found myself fumbling with a piece of cord while all the time making key fobs, zipper pulls, bell ropes and Turk’s head bracelets. After 20 years in Alaska I have relocated to Charleston, South Carolina; drawn to the lowcountry by its maritime history and scenic coast line.
I have been a member of the International Guild of Knot Tyers since 1992.
As a member of The International Guild of Knot Tyers I am surrounded by Master maritime craftsmen who have helped me with all aspects splicing of line and knot tying and we enjoy sharing knotting techniques. | history |
https://www.kjm.cz/history-of-kjm | 2021-10-24T07:06:40 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-43/segments/1634323585911.17/warc/CC-MAIN-20211024050128-20211024080128-00578.warc.gz | 0.978607 | 1,130 | CC-MAIN-2021-43 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-43__0__87354228 | en | Preparations for a construction of the Public library in Brno started after the issue of the Library Code in the year 1919. The library council assembled for the first time in the Brno city hall led by Žofie Zvěřinová, a business school director and a latter longtime chairwoman of the council, on the 5th of October 1920. The library council decided to work out a list of all society libraries in Brno and to write out an audition for a librarian. The Brno Public municipal library was founded on the 1st of February 1921 and at the same day the librarian Antonín Vančura - Jiří Mahen entered into that position.
The Library was given two rooms in the ground floor in the German ordinary school on Veveří Street Nr. 26. One room was for administration purposes and the second one for a delivery room and a stock.
On the 20th of November 1922 the central library was open. It contained 13,228 of books. Right after fourteen affiliated branches were added (however the greatest library branches Křenová and Královo Pole were added to the central library in the year 1923) and 3,700 book volumes were given there out of the head office. A public reading room situated in a building of the city school on Křenová Street initialized its activity with 67 magazines. The whole library had three paid laborers and one worker without remuneration. A work of librarians was stroke by long-lasting troubles: low financial grants, perpetual postponements of moving the library into a better place and a fight over every crown. In some seasons new books could not even be bought and actually the State Ministry had to intervene into disputes between the library and municipality.
In 1926 the library moved out of the unsatisfactory premises up to the corner of Rašínova and Jakubská Street into a German girl’s school where it got five rooms. On the 1st of February 1926 a central reading room was opened as well. It was at least a partial improvement. At that time the library had over 30,000 book volumes, 14,583 out of them in affiliated branches. In the year 1927 first printed list of books that every reader had to buy was edited.
The year 1928 was very significant for Brno because an Exhibition of the contemporary culture which encouraged the city into an unusual cultural activity took place. At the congress of culturally pedagogic employees which took place during an occasion of the exhibition in Brno, Mahen presented a report named Library as a national institution. A library was not more a place to issue books. It was supposed to be an institution that was systematically educational and pedagogical.
At the end of the year 1939 the library moved into nine rooms in the building at 12 U solnice Street (Solniční Street today). Jiří Mahen did not live to see this change for the better. The illness, tragic misfortunes of the country, and other problems which complicated the realization of his plans pushed him to end his life voluntarily on 22nd May 1939. PhDr Ladislav Řezníček who came to the library after the German occupation of Znojmo took over his place. But from the very beginning of German occupation all the activities were subordinated to the supervision of a German librarian. The library council was suspended. About 140 “unsuitable” books were taken away from the library and other marked books were forbidden to lend but fortunately remained in the library. The Nazi town administration closed some branch offices of the library and municipal reading-rooms from October 1940.
After the liberation the library was gradually changing. It put emphasis on educational influence on readers, its location, equipment and personal security were step by step improved. In the year 1951 the library was placed into the Schrattenbach Palace, near Liberty Square in Brno, and its head office has stayed up to now. The name of Jiří Mahen has been connected with this library since the year 1959.
The library gained its present appearance at the beginning of the 1970s. The network of branch offices extends the central library and these are located in the different parts of Brno - in the old built-up area, in new housing estates as well as in some integrated communities. The 1990s represent the expansion and modernization of services. The public reading-room with an enquiry office and music library were built, book resources are complemented with some new kinds of documents, especially CDs and CD-ROMs. Computer technology is applied to the record-keeping and to the elaboration of book resources as well as to the record-keeping of readers and book-loans which at the same time makes the development of services of information easier. In autumn 1997 the operation of public internet station begins in the central building of the Jiří Mahen Library, at 4 Kobližná Street.
Between 1998 and 2001 a complex reconstruction of the central library was realized and the library became a basis for building a modern information institute – The Library for 21st century.
Further information from the history of Jiří Mahen Library can be found in the book “Library for a city” in the property of Jiří Mahen Library.
It is hard to imagine more precious ideas than those to be found in books!
(The Library as a national institution, 1928) | history |
http://www.ornamentmagazine.org/blog/veiled-meanings-volume-402 | 2019-09-17T08:19:14 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-39/segments/1568514573065.17/warc/CC-MAIN-20190917081137-20190917103137-00242.warc.gz | 0.955597 | 1,475 | CC-MAIN-2019-39 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-39__0__73636988 | en | Housed in Felix Warburg’s former Fifth Avenue mansion on New York City’s “Museum Mile,” The Jewish Museum is one of the world’s oldest museums dedicated to the presentation of art and Jewish culture. Founded in 1904, and featuring collections from the ancient to the contemporary, its current focus highlights apparel from the collection of The Israel Museum in Jerusalem. Over twenty countries and one hundred examples of Jewish costume from the eighteenth to the twentieth centuries illuminate the diversity and complexity of Jewish identity and culture in “Veiled Meanings: Fashioning Jewish Dress.”
Staged in a darkly lit room for protection of its textiles, the lighting serves as a successful aid to what turns out to be a fascinating and immersive ambiance. We understand that clothing serves to functionally cover our bodies (a form of shelter from our nakedness and to separate us from the natural world); but its cultural dimensions are far deeper and wider wherever it is worn, gaining ever more complicated meanings as it emerged from the mists of time. With Jewish migration historically worldwide, “Veiled Meanings” addresses this subject thematically in the exhibition’s four sections: Through the Veil; Interweaving Cultures; Exposing the Unseen; and Clothing that Remembers. Largely subsumed by non-Jewish cultures, it is not surprising that Jewish clothing was identical to, or a tweak of the dominant nationality, as well as having characteristics identifiably Jewish, such as badges, the color yellow, the Judenhut (the Jewish hat), and specific types of robes and face gear marking them as different from Christian and Muslim societies.
Female outdoor body wraps were the custom throughout the Middle East and Central Asia, in countries like Afghanistan, Iraq and Uzbekistan. Through the Veil shows the degree that body wraps primarily masked female personal identity, shielding it from public scrutiny. As indicators of status or religion, one display of differentiation was the wearing of veils; in Baghdad, Iraq, Christian women did not cover their face, but Jewish women wore a fine-mesh black horsehair veil for more total concealment.
Especially interesting is the amalgamation of cultural diffuseness brought about by migrations over time and place throughout the world. In the section Interweaving Cultures, there is seen a zesty embrace of contemporaneous internationalized fashions, motifs and materials in the making and wearing of dress. One delightful representative is an ensemble where the skirt was inspired by a ballet tutu. This shalita gained popularity and imitation after a European visit in 1873 by the Shah of Persia and his (favorite) wife.
As both a protection from evil and symbolic of fertility, a bride’s palms were painted with henna dye and reflected ongoing traditional beliefs. Sewn by her mother, the Henna Dress was made for Dakhla Rachel Mu’allem, who was married at eleven, and worn to the child’s henna ceremony prior to the marriage ceremony itself. The dress shows a mixture of cultural influences from the Ottoman coatdress worn by Muslim and Jewish women to the European-style gathered long skirt sewn to a long-sleeved top. Like this one with its decorative flourishes, many garments pointedly emphasized and amplified the breast area. Interestedly, and a curious conundrum, in a culture that was sexually restrictive and proscribed modesty as a critical indicator of the virtuous female, these dresses were not considered immodest. Today they might be considered a mixed message of what is a women’s traditional role in a culture experiencing worldly influences, vacillating between tradition and modernity.
Two stunning garments, a woman’s kaltachak from Uzbekistan of brocaded silk and ikat-dyed silk, and from Iraqi Kurdistan a groom’s attire decorated with diamond-shaped amuletic symbols, are breathtaking examples of craftsmanship at work. In Zakho, from where the groom’s outfit derives, Armenian weavers were renowned for the high quality of their patterned goat-hair fabrics. The woman’s coat is a superb example of the compelling presentation that ikat-dyed fabric makes; and the combination of brocade and silk is elegant and luxurious. This kaltachak likely reflects the political and social changes that were taking place in Bukhara following the Russian conquest and Jews were free to emigrate to Ottoman Palestine. By the end of the nineteenth century some one hundred eighty Bukharan Jewish families had resettled in Jerusalem and it is surmised that this extraordinary coat is from one of these families.
The importance of family in Jewish life, ensuring its continuance and stability, is another feature of the exhibition with its examples of children’s clothing. Symbolic weddings of five-year-olds were held in Moroccan communities on Shavuot, the holiday celebrating the giving of the Torah at Mount Sinai and was meant to strengthen the children’s connection to the Torah and its commandments. Imitating a real groom’s attire, the boy’s suit here is decorated with hamsas (hand symbols), a North African emblem to ward off evil.
“Veiled Meanings” shows the degree to which Jewish dress is akin to other periods of history in timeless, essential struggles between religion, tradition and modernity, East and West, freedom and equality. Yet the exhibition’s power is its ability to synthesize what is visually unique and specific to Jewish life, experience and culture, by how dress has not only been regulated by those cultures that controlled Jewish daily life but the “way of life” (orah hayyim) proscribed by Jewish law itself.
In a subtle and understated way, the exhibition invites questions about how we live with a sense of respect, tolerance and accommodation for those who make up this world. How do we live safely and well in a turbulent world with forces that we, ourselves, cannot control, yet still rise to the challenge of expanding the inherent possibilities of what it means to be human? Many questions are there for answering.
“Veiled Meanings: Fashioning Jewish Dress, from the Collection of the Israel Museum, Jerusalem,”
shows at the Jewish Museum, New York City, through March 18, 2018.
Click Images for Captions
These photographs were taken at the Veiled Meanings exhibition in New York, November 2017.
Carolyn L. E. Benesh is Coeditor of Ornament and our in-house expert on contemporary wearable art. As Ornament’s resident itinerant, she moves to and fro across the USA in search of inspiring craft, great experiences and, of course, excellent food. In the waning months of 2017, she made her annual trip to the Philadelphia Museum of Art Craft Show, a much beloved annual stop, adding a visit to New York City for more work. After one delightful morning spent at the Neue Galerie’s Cafe Sabarsky with artist Reiko Ishiyama, Benesh went on to The Jewish Museum to review “Veiled Meanings: Fashioning Jewish Dress.” | history |
http://jamiethelibrarian.com/ | 2015-12-01T00:13:14 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-48/segments/1448398464386.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20151124205424-00303-ip-10-71-132-137.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.987155 | 466 | CC-MAIN-2015-48 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2015-48__0__85087656 | en | image from Junior Library Guild
Farrell, Mary Cronk. Pure Grit: How American World War II Nurses Survived Battle and Prison Camp in the Pacific. ill. Nonfiction. Abrams Books for Young Readers. 2014. 160 p. $24.95, 978-1-4917-1028-5. Outstanding. Grades 7-11.
From the striking cover to the harrowing stories inside, Pure Grit is a story that commands attention. Farrell tells the story of the hundred nurses that were stationed in the Philippines during World War II. Since most of the action of World War II had been in Europe, the nurses thought they were going to a safe place primarily to attend to the needs of military personnel and their families in peace time.
The nurses’ life in the Philippines was relaxed at first. They played card games and attended dances. This casual lifestyle ended abruptly when the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor and began bombing the Philippines the following day. In a day, their lives went from serene to chaotic. Almost none of the nurses had worked in a combat zone, so the shock of attending injured men, maimed, and dying men took its toll on these women. The sound of bombs exploding was a constant. As the war raged on, food became scarce, and many people, nurses included, became malnourished. Diseases such as beriberi, dysentery, malaria, and leprosy spread. When the nurses were sent to prison camps, their families didn’t receive any news of them. By the time the war was over, and the nurses were able to go home, many of them were changed for life. Although we didn’t have Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) identified yet, many of these nurses suffered from it. It was very difficult for them to adjust to life back home, and to make matters worse, the Veterans Administration denied benefits to them. By the time they were formally honored for their work in 1983, many of them had already died.
Historically significant black-and-white photographs, along with maps, a dual-column text layout, glossary, list of nurses, select timeline, endnotes, bibliography, and websites for more information, complete the book. | history |
https://www.crickcafe.com/analysis/ben-stokes-heroics-in-ashes-2019/ | 2023-12-02T06:31:00 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100327.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20231202042052-20231202072052-00663.warc.gz | 0.975731 | 391 | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__268455588 | en | Ben Stokes, the English all-rounder, cemented his place in Ashes folklore with his heroics in the third test of the 2019 Ashes series. The test match, which was played at Headingley, will forever be remembered for Stokes’ remarkable innings that turned the tide in England’s favor.
The game was in a precarious position for England when Stokes came to the crease with the team struggling at 286 for 4 in the second innings, still needing 73 runs to avoid an innings defeat. The situation was made even more challenging when England lost their last two recognized batsmen quickly, leaving Stokes stranded with only the tail-enders for support.
Despite the daunting task at hand, Stokes refused to give up and started taking on the Australian bowlers aggressively. He hit an array of spectacular shots and kept the scoreboard ticking, taking England closer to their target with each passing over. The pressure was immense, but Stokes remained calm and composed, putting up a magnificent display of batting.
As the tension mounted, Stokes lost his batting partner, Jack Leach, with just two runs left to win. With the weight of an entire nation on his shoulders, Stokes held his nerve and hit a series of boundaries, taking England to a sensational victory. His unbeaten 135 off 219 balls included 11 fours and 8 sixes, and was one of the greatest innings in the history of test cricket.
Stokes’ heroics in the third Ashes test not only secured a famous victory for England but also boosted the team’s morale for the rest of the series. His performance was an inspiration to the entire squad and lifted the spirits of the nation. Stokes’ never-say-die attitude, combined with his skill and determination, has earned him a place in Ashes folklore, and he will always be remembered as one of the greatest all-rounders to have played the game. | history |
https://bigbiglands.com/the-white-house-the-official-home-of-the-united-states/ | 2022-12-09T20:22:26 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-49/segments/1669446711475.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20221209181231-20221209211231-00764.warc.gz | 0.973449 | 1,942 | CC-MAIN-2022-49 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-49__0__89842830 | en | Bạn đang xem: White house
Corrections? Updates? Omissions? Let us know if you have suggestions khổng lồ improve this article (requires login).
Feedback TypeSelect a type (Required)Factual CorrectionSpelling/Grammar CorrectionLink CorrectionAdditional InformationOther
Our editors will review what you’ve submitted và determine whether khổng lồ revise the article.Join bigbiglands.com"s Publishing Partner Program và our community of experts khổng lồ gain a global audience for your work!
White House, formerly Executive Mansion (1810–1901), the official office & residence of the president of the United States at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue N.W. In Washington, D.C. It is perhaps the most famous & easily recognizable house in the world, serving as both the trang chủ and workplace of the president và the headquarters of the president’s principal staff members.
White House, drawing by James Hoban
Drawing of the elevation of the nhà trắng by James Hoban, 1792; in the Maryland Historical Society, Baltimore.
Courtesy of the Maryland Historical Society, Baltimore
The building’s history begins in 1792, when a public competition was held khổng lồ choose a kiến thiết for a presidential residence in the new capital city of Washington. Thomas Jefferson, later the country’s third president (1801–09), using the pseudonymous initials “A.Z.,” was among those who submitted drawings, but Irish American architect James Hoban won the commission (and a $500 prize) with his plan for a Georgian mansion in the Palladian style. The structure was to lớn have three floors và more than 100 rooms and would be built in sandstone imported from quarries along Aquia Creek in Virginia. The cornerstone was laid on October 13, 1792. Labourers, including local enslaved people, were housed in temporary huts built on the north side of the premises. They were joined by skilled stonemasons from Edinburgh, Scotland, in 1793.
In 1800 the entire federal government was relocated from Philadelphia khổng lồ Washington. John Adams, the country’s second president (1797–1801), moved into the still unfinished presidential mansion on November 1 & the next night wrote in a letter to his wife, Abigail Adams:
I Pray Heaven Bestow the Best of Blessings on This House & All that shall hereafter inhabit it. May none but Honest & Wise Men ever rule under this Roof.
At the insistence of Pres. Franklin Roosevelt (1933–45), the quotation was inscribed on the fireplace of the State Dining Room immediately below the portrait of Abraham Lincoln, by George Healy.
When Abigail Adams finally arrived in Washington several days later, she was disappointed with the inadequate state of the residence. The first lady wrote,
There is not a single apartment finished. We have not the least fence, yard, or other convenience outside. I use the great unfinished audience room
The white house nhà trắng in the 19th century
The mansion quickly became a focal point of the new federal city and was symbolically linked to the United States Capitol by way of Pennsylvania Avenue. Following his inauguration in March 1801, Jefferson became the second president khổng lồ reside in the executive mansion. In keeping with his ardent republicanism, he opened the house to public visitation each morning, a tradition that was continued (during peacetime) by all his successors. He personally drew up landscaping plans và had two earthen mounds installed on the south lawn to remind him of his beloved Virginia Piedmont. Meanwhile, construction continued on the building’s interior, which still lacked ample staircases and suffered from a persistently leaky roof. During Jefferson’s tenure, the white house nhà trắng was elegantly furnished in Louis XVI style (known in America as Federal style).
During the War of 1812 the building was burned by the British, and Pres. James Madison (1809–17) & his family were forced lớn flee the city. The Madisons eventually moved into the nearby Octagon House, the Washington mansion of John Tayloe, a Virginia plantation owner. Reconstruction and expansion began under Hoban’s direction, but the building was not ready for occupancy until 1817, during the administration of Pres. James Monroe (1817–25). Hoban’s reconstruction included the addition of east & west terraces on the main building’s flanks; a semicircular south portico và a colonnaded north portico were added in the 1820s.
During the 19th century the nhà trắng became a symbol of American democracy. In the minds of most Americans, the building was not a “palace” from which the president ruled but merely a temporary office and residence from which he served the people he governed. The nhà trắng belonged to lớn the people, not the president, và the president occupied it only for as long as the people allowed him to stay. The idea of a president refusing to leave the nhà trắng after losing an election or an impeachment trial was unthinkable.
The inauguration of Andrew Jackson (1829–37), the “people’s president,” attracted thousands of well-wishers to the nation’s capital. As Jackson rode on horseback down Pennsylvania Avenue to lớn the trắng House, he was surrounded by a frenetic throng of 20,000 people, many of whom attempted khổng lồ follow him into the mansion lớn get a better look at their hero. A contemporary, Margaret Bayer Smith, recounts what happened next: “The halls were filled with a disorderly rabble…scrambling for the refreshments designed for the drawing room.” While friends of the new president joined arms to lớn protect him from the mob, “china và glass lớn the amount of several thousand dollars were broken in the struggle to lớn get at the ices & cakes, though punch và other drinkables had been carried out in tubs & buckets lớn the people.” Said Supreme Court Justice Joseph Story, “I was glad to escape from the scene as soon as possible.” During his administration Jackson spent more than $50,000 refurbishing the residence, including $10,000 on decorations for the East Room and more than $4,000 on a sterling silver dinner and dessert phối decorated with an American eagle.
In 1842 the visit to lớn the United States of the English novelist Charles Dickens brought an official invitation lớn the white House. After his calls at the white house nhà trắng door went unanswered, Dickens let himself in and walked through the mansion from room to room on the lower & upper floors. Finally coming upon a room filled with nearly two dozen people, he was shocked and appalled khổng lồ see many of them spitting on the carpet. Dickens later wrote, “I take it for granted the Presidential housemaids have high wages.” Until the Civil War, however, most white house servants were enslaved people. Moreover, the wages of all white house employees—as well as the expenses for running the white House, including staging official functions—were paid for by the president. Not until 1909 did Congress provide appropriations to lớn pay white house servants.
Dickens was not the only foreign visitor to be disappointed with the white House. On a trip lớn Washington just before the Civil War, Aleksandr Borisovich Lakier, a Russian nobleman, wrote that “the trang chủ of the president…is barely visible behind the trees.” The trắng House, he said, was “sufficient for a private family and not at all conforming lớn the expectations of a European.” Subsequent changes khổng lồ the building in the 19th century were relatively minor. The interior was redecorated during various presidential administrations & modern conveniences were regularly added, including a refrigerator in 1845, gas lighting in 1849, và electric lighting in 1891.
The white house nhà trắng was the scene of mourning after the assassination of Pres. Abraham Lincoln (1861–65). While Mary Todd Lincoln lay in her room for five weeks grieving for her husband, many white house holdings were looted. Responding khổng lồ charges that she had stolen government property when she left the trắng House, she angrily inventoried all the items she had taken with her, including gifts of quilts và waxworks from well-wishers. | history |
https://togeth3r.com/products/antique-turkish-drip-vase-iii | 2024-04-16T01:50:16 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817036.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20240416000407-20240416030407-00375.warc.gz | 0.934085 | 120 | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__113868588 | en | Antique Turkish Drip Vase III
Hand-crafted from terracotta with an olive green glaze, this antique vessel was historically used to preserve olives and oil in the off-season. As you can see in the fourth photo, the base on this vase is missing, but otherwise, it's in good condition and still stands up perfectly.
width 23cm x height 26cm
As with all vintage pieces, there may be minor imperfections which are considered normal. We make every effort to highlight more significant flaws. | history |
https://quinnwelsch.com/2014/06/24/ken-burns-the-war/ | 2019-03-24T02:33:36 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-13/segments/1552912203168.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20190324022143-20190324044143-00522.warc.gz | 0.90953 | 142 | CC-MAIN-2019-13 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-13__0__4909473 | en | Just turned on “The War,” a documentary about World War II by Ken Burns. I can’t get over the lines narrated by David Keith.
“The greatest cataclysm in history grew out of ancient and ordinary human emotions: anger and arrogance and bigotry, victim-hood and the lust for power. And it ended because other human qualities—courage and perseverance and selflessness, faith, leadership and the hunger for freedom— combined, with unimaginable brutality, to change the course of human events.
“The Second World War brought out the best—and the worst—in a generation, and blurred the two so that they became at times almost indistinguishable.” | history |
https://www.palazzomagnani.it/en/palazzo-magnani/ | 2024-04-12T18:07:09 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816045.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20240412163227-20240412193227-00683.warc.gz | 0.953707 | 1,082 | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__36493617 | en | The palazzo was built in the latter half of the sixteenth century when the Becchi Counts decided to construct their city residence, choosing a location on Via della Ghiara, now Corso Garibaldi, which at the time was particularly strategic for trade.
Several elite families had already settled there in the fifteenth century, to the point that it could be described as a planned urban development, later amplified in 1597 when building began on the Basilica of the Madonna della Ghiara. This led to stipulations for a precise alignment of façades and attention to perspective when positioning palazzi within the street plan, often by applying corner decorations.
Palazzo Magnani also has this type of decoration: a marble herm depicting two-faced Janus, created in 1576 by sculptor Prospero Sogari, aka ‘Il Clemente’.
The only remains of the original construction from that period is the palazzo layout, built around a central courtyard and the marble herm on the corner.
In the early nineteenth century, the palazzo was ceded to another Reggio family, the Chioffi, who undertook major renovations in 1841. These entailed a complete renovation of the building in neoclassical style, visible above all in the internal and external façades and in the central staircase. It was probably in this period that the palazzo established its current external form, whereas the internal decorations and the ceiling frescoes on the first floor rooms were made over a longer period of time, up until the late nineteenth century.
After several interim changes of ownership, on 18 March 1917 the property was purchased by Giuseppe Magnani. On his death in 1960, the property was inherited by his son Luigi, an art collector and musicologist.
Already by the early 1980s Luigi Magnani was considering transferring the building to the provincial government, to be used for exhibition purposes. At the same time a plan to establish the Magnani-Rocca Foundation was underway to protect and promote its extraordinary art collection, and ensure it was permanently accessible to the public at Villa di Mamiano di Traversetolo.
At the time of Luigi Magnani’s death, the province of Reggio Emilia acquired the building and began restoration work, which ended in the spring of 1997.
On 26 April 1997, Palazzo Magnani began its journey in the world of culture and art.
Luigi Magnani (Reggio Emilia, 1906 – Mamiano, 1984) was a writer, essayist, art historian, musicologist, composer and music critic.
Luigi dedicated his life to culture in all its forms, forging friendships with some of the greatest Italian artists and intellectuals of the twentieth century, among them Giuseppe Ungaretti, Eugenio Montale, Giorgio Morandi, Alberto Burri, Renato Guttuso, Giacomo Manzù and Alberto Savinio.
His extraordinary art collection, exhibited in his residence at Mamiano di Traversetolo, includes works by Goya, Titian, Rembrandt, Dürer, Monet, Renoir and Canova.
Luigi was the son of Giuseppe Magnani, an agricultural entrepreneur and owner of a dairy industry, and Eugenia Rocca, a member of a Ligurian noble family.
A student of the exceptional teacher Adolfo Venturi, Luigi graduated 1929 with a liberal arts degree from the University of Rome, where he later taught. Alfredo Casella was responsible for his musical education. Over the course of his life Luigi produced important research and writings on Correggio, Morandi, Mozart, Beethoven, Goethe, Stendhal and Proust.
During his extraordinary career Luigi Magnani belonged to the Pontificia Accademia di belle arti e lettere dei Virtuosi at the Pantheon in Rome. He curated broadcasts for RAI – Radiotelevisione italiana, and he won the Campiello writing award for his novel Il nipote di Beethoven and the Otto/Novecento prize for literary criticism.
After he left teaching at the University of Rome, in 1976 he retired permanently to the villa at Mamiano. From that moment on he developed the idea of creating an art foundation and intensified his search for artworks to enrich his collection, often following suggestions from art critics and friends, including Argan, Brandi, Chastel, Emiliani, Frommel, Longhi, Quintavalle, Ragghianti, Sgarbi, Vitali and Zeri.
In 1977 he founded Fondazione Magnani Rocca, in memory of his parents.
Luigi Magnani died at his villa in Mamiano on 15 November 1984. Two months earlier he had presented his collection of ancient art at Palazzo Magnani in Reggio Emilia, in an exhibition entitled Fondazione Magnani Rocca: Masterpieces of Ancient Painting.
Fondazione Palazzo Magnani © 2024 all rights reserved | P.IVA 02456050356 | history |
https://www.thebarnatmelanfarm.com/about | 2024-02-26T04:19:58 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474650.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20240226030734-20240226060734-00348.warc.gz | 0.973597 | 208 | CC-MAIN-2024-10 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__119276814 | en | top of page
The serene acreage of Melan Farm was purchased in 2005 by Andy and Melody Orvin.
By 2007, a beautiful 12-acre pond had been created, around which numerous family gatherings would be held, countless fish would be caught, and cherished memories would be made. The pond remained largely encompassed by trees until September 2017 when the vision for a wedding venue was hatched. Construction began soon after in October.
The crown jewel of the property, the large closed-in barn, was built almost completely by Andy and Jordan. They stood the walls, set the trusses, hand crafted each of the doors and windows, and finished out the entire barn in beautiful tongue and groove wood.
After a seven-month labor of love, the Orvins opened their doors in April 2018 for the barn’s first wedding. Since then, the barn has seen many gorgeous wedding ceremonies and housed various events, such as birthday celebrations, charity galas, and corporate retreats.
bottom of page | history |
https://ytheatre.org/2011/11/07/sifting-through-ancient-garbage/ | 2019-08-23T02:14:16 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-35/segments/1566027317817.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20190823020039-20190823042039-00533.warc.gz | 0.939515 | 548 | CC-MAIN-2019-35 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-35__0__95582345 | en | Last week, some of us visited the Sifting Project in the Tzurim Valley National Park below Mount Scopus. Under the direction of Bar Ilan University archaeologists, Dr. Gabriel Barkay and Zachi Zweig, volunteers have been sifting through hundreds of truckloads of earth and debris that was dumped from the Temple Mount by direction of the Islamic Waqf who administers the Temple Mount and its Muslim sites. Over a 48-hour period in October 1999, workers used heavy machinery to dig deep into the Temple Mount in order to create a staircase to access a mosque with a 10,000-person capacity in what is known as “Solomon’s Stables”–a massive arched area that Herod built to support his expansion of the Temple Mount platform when he renovated the Second Jerusalem Temple in 20 BCE. More than 200 trucks worked day and night to empty the refuse mainly into the Kidron Valley. Archaeologists have not previously had any access to the Temple Mount; in this refuse, they have found artifacts and significant materials dating from Iron Age I–the 10th century BCE onward. Here is an Israeli television interview that shows some of the archaeological findings.
The site confounds the narrative taught to many Muslims that the Jewish Temples are fictions invented to support Israeli territorial claims to Jerusalem. Thousands of years of Jewish pilgrimage and worship, the First Jerusalem Temple, Persian, Hellenisitc, Roman (the Second Temple), Byzantine, Arab, Crusader, Malmuk, Turkish, and modern periods are documented in the debris. The professionalism of the project, the expertise and open-mindedness of the archaeologists on site, and the material evidence are incontrovertible. They use a technique not dissimilar to the contemporary garbage harvest, sorting metal, semi and precious stone, architectural stone, glass, bone, and pottery from the dirt. One of the people in our group found a beautiful carnelian bead–a semi-precious gem. The staff duly marked it with Courtney’s name and packaged it to be sent to the lab for dating and analysis. Kader and I found a fine sharp flint stone.
The project contributes difficult layers and controversy to the meaning of “garbage” in Jerusalem, and among us. In what we discard, we encode our personal and societal biographies, historical and current. Unfortunately, disrespectful treatment of important material–as if it is refuse–has destroyed the datable stratification of historic layers and caused more work. The organizers estimate that 10 more years of sifting remain. We also need to sift through our experience together and interpret its meaning to our joint creative work on garbage. | history |
http://lacucinaitalianamagazine.com/ingredient/mostarda | 2013-12-13T04:02:46 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-48/segments/1386164848402/warc/CC-MAIN-20131204134728-00013-ip-10-33-133-15.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.952722 | 910 | CC-MAIN-2013-48 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2013-48__0__160261620 | en | With many variations, from fig to quince, the unmistakable flavors of northern Italy’s famous agrodolce fruit preserve crown meat, poultry, pasta, cheese and even seafood.
A favorite of Catherine de’ Medici, who placed a jar in her dowry trunk when she left to marry the king of France’s son in 1533, mostarda is a distinctive fruit conserve that mixes the intense spice of mustard with the sweet flavors of candied fruit. The first known written recipe for this condiment appeared in chef Lancelot de Casteau’s Ouverture de Cuisine in 1604, which called for finely chopped candied orange and quince peels—a substitute for the traditional grape must—added to a purée of mustard, sugar and rose water. Over the centuries the agrodolce flavor characteristic of mostarda has taken on countless variations. By the 19th century there were many cities with their own versions, and the varieties of mostarda made in Cremona became widely regarded as the most special because of the complexity of their ingredients. The 1875 publication of Il manuale del cuoco included the first instructions for making a more modern version of mostarda di Cremona—a recipe close to those found in Cremona today.
The origins of mostarda go back much further than the 19th century, to the ancient practice of pairing sweet and spicy flavors, like grape must and fruit, with mustard. There are fifth century references to a compote of quince, pomegranate and sorbus fruit, cooked together in grape must until the fruit began to fall apart. The word mostarda is traced to the Latin word ardens, or ardente in Italian. Ardente means burning, and it refers to the spice of the white mustard flour that was once added to the unfermented grape must, or mustum, to make mustum ardens. In French, this spicy conserve was called moût ardent, which then became moutarde, and was translated into Italian as mostarda. While its name may come from French, mostarda is entirely an Italian specialty, and like most of the country’s recipes, there are several regional versions of this preserve.
In Lombardy, the mostarda of Mantova is prepared with sliced quince, apple or local pear, and in the nearby town of Viadana, a spicier version is made with passacrassana pears, a winter variety with dense flesh. Puréed quince and pears, mixed with candied orange and citron peel, characterize most mostarda from the Veneto region, except for that from Verona, which calls for vegetables. Without mustard, however, mostarda is considered cognà, an ancient preserve traditionally found in Piedmont, made by cooking quince and pear in grape must with walnuts and hazelnuts. Grape must is still used in some recipes from Emilia-Romagna, where it is mixed with quince, pear and prune. The Tuscan version of mostarda includes apples, pears, candied citron mustard and grape must, as recorded by Pellegrino Artusi in the 19th century. Mostarda is also the name of a dessert in Sicily, a sweet and slightly sour cake made with grape must and flour that is seasoned in various ways.
According to tradition, mostarda is served in the fall, paired with bollito misto, Italian boiled meats. Today, mostarda is not limited to a single season and complements a wide range of foods. For the mostarda of Cremona, each fruit has its own dish: fig mostarda is served with herbed cheese and salumi; clementine mostarda with roast meats and fresh cheeses; while tome cheese, prosciutto cotto and Parmigiano-Reggiano cheese are all ideal pairs for mostarda with pumpkin. With pear mostarda, serve Parmigiano-Reggiano and Felino salame, and for melon, serve culatello and fresh cow’s milk cheeses. The mostarda of Mantova, a fundamental ingredient in the local tortelli, is great with boiled white meat and medium-aged cheeses.
© 2013 Quadratum USA. All rights reserved. | history |
https://daltonnruzc.blogzag.com/69734623/the-smart-trick-of-hurghada-luxor-tours-that-nobody-is-discussing | 2024-03-04T20:16:00 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947476532.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20240304200958-20240304230958-00536.warc.gz | 0.901922 | 709 | CC-MAIN-2024-10 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__63550401 | en | Embark on the mesmerizing journey by way of time as we delve into your enchanting planet of Luxor, Egypt, and also the awe-inspiring wonders it has to offer. In this post, We'll investigate the captivating experiences awaiting individuals who enterprise on Hurghada to Luxor excursions, that has a Exclusive target the enduring Valley in the Kings.
Hurghada to Luxor Tours:
For travelers seeking a mixture of record, society, and experience, a visit from Hurghada to Luxor can be an complete have to. Luxor, usually known as the "globe's greatest open up-air museum," features an abundance of archaeological treasures that span 1000s of a long time. The journey in the coastal paradise of Hurghada to the historic heart of Egypt is an immersive experience, offering a glimpse into your place's wealthy past.
Valley of your Kings:
Among the list of crown jewels of Luxor would be the renowned Valley in the Kings, a necropolis that served as the final resting spot for pharaohs of the New Kingdom. Nestled about the west financial institution in the Nile, this ancient burial floor can be a UNESCO Globe Heritage site as well as a testament to your grandeur of Egyptian civilization.
Site visitors towards the Valley of your Kings are greeted by a landscape dotted with elaborately decorated tombs, Every single holding a novel story of the pharaohs who at the time ruled Egypt. The intricate hieroglyphics, vibrant murals, plus the sheer scale in the architecture are bound to depart an indelible impression on each individual traveler.
Hurghada Tours: Gateway to Luxor's Splendors
Hurghada, a popular vacation resort town together the Crimson Sea, serves as The best start line for those wanting to discover the miracles of Luxor. The journey from Hurghada to Luxor is not just a possibility to witness the stark contrast concerning the coastal oasis and the ancient town but in addition a chance to knowledge the heat of Egyptian hospitality.
Hurghada to Luxor excursions normally include guided visits to iconic landmarks including the Karnak Temple, Luxor Temple, along with the Colossi of Memnon. The knowledgeable guides present insights into the historic significance of every website, presenting a comprehensive comprehension of Egypt's cultural tapestry.
Practical Methods for an Unforgettable Luxor Trip:
Relaxed Attire: Provided The nice and cozy local weather, it can be recommended to don light, breathable apparel and comfy footwear.
Hydration: Carry enough water to stay hydrated, Primarily throughout outside explorations.
Digicam Prepared: Seize the magic of Luxor by bringing a camera to immortalize the spectacular landscapes and historic artifacts.
Respect Neighborhood Customs: When viewing religious websites, it's important to costume modestly out of respect for that area customs.
A Luxor excursion from Hurghada is usually a transformative encounter, presenting a novel blend of leisure and hurghada luxor tours exploration. Within the sun-kissed seashores of Hurghada to your timeless wonders of Luxor, this journey is actually a celebration of Egypt's abundant heritage. Whether or not marveling with the grandeur of your Valley of the Kings or navigating the bustling markets of Luxor, each and every minute claims to be a stage back again in time, leaving an indelible mark over the hearts of travelers. | history |
https://markettheatre.co.za/history-3/ | 2024-02-21T08:47:22 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947473401.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20240221070402-20240221100402-00414.warc.gz | 0.964421 | 163 | CC-MAIN-2024-10 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__161813465 | en | The Market Theatre, founded in Johannesburg in 1976 by Mannie Manim and the late Barney Simon, was constructed out of Johannesburg’s Indian Fruit Market – built in 1913. The theatre went on to become internationally renowned as South Africa’s “Theatre of the Struggle”.
The Market Theatre challenged the apartheid regime, armed with little more than the conviction that culture can change society. The strength and truth of that conviction was acknowledged in 1995 when the theatre received the American Jujamcyn Award. In providing a voice to the voiceless, The Market Theatre did not forego artistic excellence, but, rather, made a point of it. Its twenty-one international and over three hundred South African theatre awards bears eloquent testimony to the courage and artistic quality of its work. | history |
https://lovensake.com/2020/06/04/summersaketamonyini/ | 2024-04-20T08:16:29 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817491.77/warc/CC-MAIN-20240420060257-20240420090257-00381.warc.gz | 0.700201 | 1,255 | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__44606082 | en | About the History of “Summer Sake”
Since it’s quite impossible to go to Japan for fresh sake, the only thing I can do is to review some interesting contents.
“Kura of Japan” is a book published by Kyushu University that introduces the history of the Kura architecture in Japan.
It introduces sake manufacturers in different geographical locations across Japan. There are various arrangements and designs of architecture in response to the procedures of steamed rice, koji making, and sake making under different climate conditions.
There’s a little part about the brewing of “summer sake ” in ancient times, which is quite interesting. Unlike the concept of modern summer sake. The current version of summer sake is not really a tradition in seasonal Nihonshu. It’s relatively more like a marketing outcome.
However, in the history of ancient sake manufacture, there was indeed a tradition of summer brewing recorded in history book.
The ” Tamonyini Diary” (たもんいんにっき) is a history book started from 1478 by a monk Hidetoshi of Kofukuji Temple in Nara, and continued to record 140 years of monastery history.
It mentioned that the summer sake （夏酒）brewing in the monastery was initiated from February to May on the lunar calendar, and the official Lunar sake (正月酒）brewing period was from September to October on the lunar calendar.
Interestingly, the summer Sake brewing period was longer than winter season period. I wonder if it is because of the larger demand at the time? (Smile)
#日本酒 #夏酒 #多聞院日記 #日本酒女子 #Sake #nihonshu #清酒 #酒蔵 #九州大学 #山口昭三 | history |
https://election.conservative.org/state/arizona/ | 2023-09-25T06:08:55 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233506686.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20230925051501-20230925081501-00740.warc.gz | 0.981331 | 163 | CC-MAIN-2023-40 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__122922670 | en | Arizona was predicted to be the swing state most prepared to manage the onslaught of mail-in ballots. In 2018, 79% of Arizonans voted by mail. This may account for why Arizona was historically slow to report vote counts.
But in 2020, Arizona was amongst the first states to be called for Joe Biden. With only 73% of the state’s votes counted, Fox News projected that Biden would win Arizona’s 11 electoral votes. At the time, more than 900,000 votes were still to be counted. Most of them were from election day in Maricopa County where 60% of the electorate lives.
When 99% of the votes had ultimately been counted, Joe Biden’s lead over Donald Trump was only 10,000 votes or just .3 percentage points. | history |
https://topsroofing.ca/oakville-roofing-contractors/ | 2023-05-30T04:19:58 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224645089.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20230530032334-20230530062334-00417.warc.gz | 0.941917 | 652 | CC-MAIN-2023-23 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__236308289 | en | OAKVILLE ROOFING CONTRACTORS
Tops Roofing Company has been an active member of the Oakville community since 1987 and providing homeowners like yourself with expert residential roof replacement, roof repair and roofing contractor services.
Our business & reputation as Oakville’s top roofing contractor really began to boom in the late 90’s when the most easterly and first built homes in the Glen Abbey area of Oakville were due for roof and roof shingle replacement. Beginning at the prestigious Glen Abbey Golf and Country Club and later on as the westerly area homes in Glen Abbey aged, we gradually moved west throughout the Glen Abbey neighbourhood and replaced the residential roofing beyond Third Line and all the way over to Bronte Creek. Between 1998 and 2008 Tops Roofing Company replaced on average, six out of every ten residential roofs in the Glen Abbey area alone. Tops Roofing Company was not only recognized as Oakville’s best residential roofing contractor winning top spot in the Oakville Beavers, peoples choice awards multiple times, but as well received recognition as Oakville’s top commercial roofing contractor completing many commercial projects in Oakville’s downtown Lakeshore Road area, Oakville Marina and waterfront buildings, plus numerous city buildings, plazas and businesses.
Residential Roofing Contractor in Oakville
Residing in Oakville and especially the Glen Abbey area in the late 90’s through until 2010 you would have been most familiar with Tops Roofing Company and our main office which was located right in Glen Abbey at Nottinghill Gate (4th line) and the North Service Road, right beside the Abbey Arms restaurant & pub.
In 2010 we gave up our Mississauga warehouse and our main office location on Nottinghill Gate and moved everything to one single location on Wallace Road in Oakville which was right next door to the Knights of Columbus hall and near Third Line and Speers Road.
In 2017 Tops Roofing Company moved again. Although we remain an active business and the best Oakville roofing contractor, our main office has been relocated just next door in Burlington Ontario. So in case you were wondering where we have gone, we have never left and are still providing top quality roofing service in Oakville Ontario.
So, look no further and you will see why we continue to service the same customers again and again, 20 years later in the town of Oakville
• Roof repair in Oakville
• Roofing placement in Oakville
• Roof Skylights in Oakville
• Custom Roof Flashings in Oakville
• Roofing Contractor in Oakville
No roof to small & no roof to tall !
Residential Roofing Completed Last Week In Oakville
If your only looking for advice, the advice is free and so am I to chat, but for a no-obligation on-site quote and to address any roofing questions or concerns, Call Tops Roofing Company at 905-465-0538 and speak with Wanda, our friendly office administrator of 17 years and learn the many ways we can assist you or to direct your call.
Sincerely, Brian Burnett / President | history |
https://www.kennametal.com/tr/tr/about-us/history.html | 2024-04-16T21:27:04 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817106.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20240416191221-20240416221221-00301.warc.gz | 0.938443 | 931 | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__58430215 | en | The Early Years
Innovation, perseverance and close attention to customer needs have characterized Kennametal since its founding. In 1938, after years of research, metallurgist Philip M. McKenna created a tungsten-titanium carbide alloy for cutting tools that provided a productivity breakthrough in the machining of steel. "Kennametal®" tools cut faster and lasted longer, and thereby facilitated metalworking in products from automobiles to airliners to machinery. With his invention, Philip started the McKenna Metals Company in Latrobe, Pennsylvania. Later renamed Kennametal, the corporation has become a world leader in the metalworking industry and remains headquartered in Latrobe.
McKenna Metal's first full-year sales, with a staff of 12 employees, totaled some $30,000. But World War II saw American heavy industry shift into high gear. Kennametal's annual sales approached $10 million and employment was nearly 900 as the company's tools were used extensively in the war-time economy.
When the wartime boom ended, Kennametal sought new ways to exploit the toughness and wear resistance of tungsten carbide alloys. In the mid-1940s, the company pioneered the use of carbide tooling for mining, which led to the development of the continuous mining machine. Kennametal also found uses for tungsten carbide in demanding specialty applications where resistance to wear was vital, such as in valves, dies, drill bits and snowplow blades.
Kennametal developed an international presence from the start. Philip sold early patent rights to British industrialists who later also began Kennametal of Canada. Exports through the company's first five years totaled more than $2.5 million, and by 1955 Kennametal had representation in 19 countries. The company's overseas manufacturing started in 1957 with a joint venture in Italy. A joint venture in the United Kingdom and a German sales subsidiary soon followed. Between 1972 and 1981, foreign sales grew from 17 to 34 percent of the total.
In 1993, Kennametal acquired Hertel AG, a tooling systems manufacturer headquartered in Fürth, Germany, with operations throughout Europe and worldwide. This enabled the corporation to compete more effectively in Western Europe, gain better access to emerging markets in Eastern Europe, and offer additional product lines in Asia Pacific. The Asia Pacific effort was further expanded to include manufacturing joint ventures for mining tools in China and a metalworking tool manufacturing plant in Shanghai. In 2002, Kennametal acquired Widia, a leading manufacturer and marketer of metalworking tools in Europe and India. Other acquisitions that expand Kennametal’s capabilities to better serve its customers worldwide include Conforma Clad Inc., a leading provider of engineered components that deliver premium wear solutions, and Extrude Hone Corporation, a supplier of market leading engineered component process technology.
A Technological Leader
Kennametal was founded on the strength of a technological breakthrough, and a list of highlights demonstrates that it has continued to lead its industry in innovation.
In 1946, the company introduced the Kendex line of mechanically held, indexable insert systems that accelerated tool changing and increased machining precision.
Kennametal's unique, patented thermit process for producing impact-resistant macrocrystalline tungsten carbide today remains the best way to produce extremely tough tool materials for demanding applications such as mining.
In 1964, Kennametal introduced tungsten-carbide-tipped Kengrip tire studs. Although studs clearly contributed to safe winter travel, they became controversial amid speculation about their role in road deterioration. After legislation limited the use of carbide studs, Kennametal left the business in 1977.
Leader in the development of silicon-nitride based "sialon" ceramics for the machining of exotic aerospace materials.
First to develop cobalt-enriched substrates for coated inserts, was first to commercially introduce physical-vapor-deposition (PVD) coated cemented carbide cutting tools and created the first commercially viable diamond-coated carbide inserts.
Leader in the development of quick-change tooling systems that today lead the world in versatility, speed and accuracy.
Kennametal maintains its technological leadership through its $30-million Technology Center in Latrobe, Pennsylvania, and complementary facilities in various locations around the globe. The facilities are dedicated to rapid development of products engineered to meet specific customer requirements. | history |
https://deborahwalkersbibliography.blogspot.com/2012/11/ | 2023-12-10T06:48:27 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679101282.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210060949-20231210090949-00017.warc.gz | 0.936808 | 1,063 | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__275201033 | en | First appeared in Science Fiction Writers of America Blog August 2012
Ideas for my stories come to me in museums, in galleries, in gulibraries. Find me upstairs (and it’s always quieter upstairs) in the British Museum trawling the past looking for future inspiration.
Old books, paintings, objects are part of our material heritage. Survivors of the ravages of times, sometimes cherished throughout the ages, sometimes forgotten, dug from the ground, broken and then reconstruction. Objects tell stories. Museums select and interpret these stories, grouping objects together to give a window into the past.
Museum objects are rich in concrete detail for stories. And not just for fantasy stories, set in the real or imagined past. A detail from the past can act as a springboard for a story about the future. Looking at the helmet of a 10th century Norwegian chief leads me to consider what armour a space Viking might wear (Space Vikings! Now I want to write a space Viking story). Looking at a beaten gold headdress from ancient Ur makes me wonder how the woman felt wearing such a beautiful and precious item. How did her society shape her? How will my future society shape my characters? An object in a museum will catch my attention. Why was this sword engraved with the image of a bear? And that will send me down a pathway of research.
Some museums collect the finest pieces of the past, the most costly, the most cherished. Objects may be monumental, priceless and awe-inspiring. But these are not the only stories to be told. Sadly many objects from the past of the working person have been lost. Yet, you can still glimpse the lives of working folk painted as rural scenes on objects. And social museums seek to recapture a glimpse of the ordinary, the everyday.
Objects, books and paintings are material records of the stories told in the past, the stories of religion and mythology. You can read the changing nature of stories through objects. Creation stories, eschatologies, the stories of the gods as their worshippers migrate and change, stories of lovers seeking to retrieve their beloved from the underworld. Some stories are repeated through the ages. What element has gripped so many imaginations?
Musuems don’t always look backwards. In the British Museum’s African Galleries there’s a sculpture called Tree of Life (2004) constructed out of decommissioned rifles. Science museums examine the science of the past, the future and even trends for the future.
The presence of an object in a museum in a story in itself. The Parthenon Marbles, the Benin Bronzes (and others) on display in London are subject to repeated calls to be returned to their countries of origin. These objects tell stories of colonialism, empire, and war.
Though I love the massive, wealthy London museums and galleries, I’ve a fondness for the more obscure museum. After all, I used to work for one, as curator of the Royal Veterinary Museum. In London you can visit Alexander Fleming’s laboratory, or visit the Royal College of Surgeons Museum to explore the ideology that underpinned medicine for thousands of years. University are centres of research and specialism. Their collections are often open to the public by appointment. It’s worth trying a visit to a museum outside your area of interest. Volunteering to help out during my daughter’s school trip took me to the Imperial War Museum, I saw a wealth of cool spy gadgets that will no doubt work their way into some of my stories.
I live in London, and this article has been about London’s cultural wealth. But you can find wonderful museums everywhere. Holidays at home or abroad are opportunities to glimpse other cultures. A family wedding in Cyprus found me in a small museum examining of hundreds of votive offerings, clay figurines of a men on horseback. A collection that I couldn’t have seen anywhere else. I’m Derbyshire born and bred. Derby’s Museum has a wonderful collection of Joseph Wright of Derby’s atmospheric paintings exploring the development of modern science during the Enlightenment. A bus ride from my home town takes me to the D.H. Lawrence Museum, and to the National Trust’s Museum of Childhood. And sometimes history can’t be constrained to a building. I like the prehistoric stones ring at Arbour Low in Derbyshire that sometime in the past has been pushed over. The standing stones are fallen, nobody remembers why. There’s history everywhere.
And there’s the internet. Museums have embraced the internet seeking to widen access to their collections. It’s not, in my opinion as good as seeing the real thing. (Who can forget standing under the real-size model of the Blue Whale at the Natural History Museum?) But museum websites are a valuable resource.
And if you do take a trip to a museum, don’t forget to take a tour. Curators love to talk their collections. They have a passion for them. And curators are people who want to communicate stories. I should know; I used to be one. | history |
http://www.mhgp.org/ | 2019-02-16T04:16:18 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-09/segments/1550247479838.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20190216024809-20190216050809-00077.warc.gz | 0.951317 | 121 | CC-MAIN-2019-09 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-09__0__165672577 | en | The Maryland House and Garden Pilgrimage (MHGP), a non-profit organization, is dedicated to the preservation and restoration of architecturally significant properties in the State of Maryland. The Pilgrimage has remained constant with this purpose since its formation in 1930.
The 2019 Tour dates are as follows:
Charles County: Saturday, April 27th, 2019
Queen Anne’s County: Saturday, May 4th, 2019
Baltimore City: Saturday, May 11th, 2019
Baltimore County: Saturday, May 18th, 2019
Carroll County: Sunday, May 19th, 2019 | history |
https://50.open.ac.uk/photography/technologyTVshow | 2020-02-23T09:58:35 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-10/segments/1581875145767.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20200223093317-20200223123317-00011.warc.gz | 0.957325 | 119 | CC-MAIN-2020-10 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-10__0__112562704 | en | Presenter Ray Thomas filming Open University programme T100/31 ‘The Economics of traffic congestion: traffic control in action’ (1972).
T100 was the first Technology foundation course created by The Open University and it was presented from 1972 to 1979.
When the OU first opened its doors to students in 1971, there were four foundation courses offered for Mathematics, Understanding Society, Humanities and Science. By 1972, OU students had increased to 36,000 including 50 of the first post-graduate students.
Like more OU history? Make sure you visit the Open University Digital Archive. | history |
https://www.gruenspan.de/konzerte/swing-dance-event-prohibition-party/ | 2023-12-03T18:23:08 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100508.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203161435-20231203191435-00196.warc.gz | 0.821239 | 197 | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__247035465 | en | Swing Dance Event | Prohibition Party
Ladies and Gentlemen – Welcome to Prohibition!
Escape your everyday life join us on a journey 100 years back in time to the Prohibition Era and the wild parties of the Great Gatsby!
For one night only we turn Hamburg into a Roaring Twenties Speakeasy filled with 1920s style, music and dance!
On stage there will be world class entertainers, among others the amazing Swing’it, who has sold out venues all around Scandinavia and Europe along with the world class burlesque star Miss Jolie Papillon among others. After the show there will be a DJ keeping the party going until the early hours!
So get ready for an elegant night – let the champagne flow, dance like there’s no tomorrow and get lost in the extravagancy of Great Gatsbys Era and the music of the Roaring Twenties!
Diesen Termin teilen: | history |
https://resantiquitatis.hypotheses.org/institutional | 2021-12-02T19:12:18 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-49/segments/1637964362287.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20211202175510-20211202205510-00122.warc.gz | 0.922998 | 263 | CC-MAIN-2021-49 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-49__0__22545618 | en | The Centro de História d’Aquém e d’Além-Mar (CHAM) is an R&D institution working in an interuniversitary basis. Localized in the Faculty of Social and Human Sciences – New University of Lisbon (FCSH-UNL) it is strictly connected with the Azores University (UAc) and is financed by Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT).
CHAM develops research related to the History of the Discoveries and the Portuguese Expansion, as well as the Portuguese presence around the world, with a special focus in the period between the origins of the Overseas Expansion and the Independence of Brazil (1822), with an interdisciplinary perspective and incorporating comparative history, paying particular attention to the history of the regions with which Portugal maintained contacts.
This wider area of research has potential for the study of interculturalism, especially in terms of the otherness, perceived by the Portuguese and other European peoples, and vice-versa, during the process of European expansion. Res Antiquitatis’ main contribution to the more general scientific purposes of CHAM is the study of that interculturalism and those conceptions of the otherness in diacronic terms, more specifically starting with the cultural references of Antiquity. | history |
https://desterlee.wordpress.com/tag/womens-wear-daily/ | 2017-04-24T20:55:30 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-17/segments/1492917119838.12/warc/CC-MAIN-20170423031159-00286-ip-10-145-167-34.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.963444 | 161 | CC-MAIN-2017-17 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-17__0__84162873 | en | Posts Tagged ‘womens wear daily’
In this world of immediate online access, it’s hard to imagine how the fashion press operated a century ago. If you can believe it, trends and silhouettes were sketched – by hand! – and brought back on trans Atlantic steamers. At the time, Womens Wear Daily was the foremost voice on the industry, and in many respects that is still the case today. Last night at Cipriani’s on 42nd Street, the paper reminded the world of their history, their relevance, and their power (they got every major designer to participate in a specialty auction), bringing the likes of Ralph Lauren, Diane von Furstenberg, Stefano Pilati and so many others out to pay homage. | history |
http://spiritsoffrance.com.au/product/castarede-armagnac-1939-40-700ml/ | 2018-09-23T21:51:04 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-39/segments/1537267159820.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20180923212605-20180923233005-00256.warc.gz | 0.880081 | 232 | CC-MAIN-2018-39 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-39__0__195867968 | en | Tasting Notes: Very rich mouth, with aromas of macerated white fruits and leather. No hesitation ! Silver medal at the international wine challenge in 1998.
Castarede Armagnac 1939 40% 700ml Armagnac
- SKU : CAS39
- Brand/Distillery : Armagnac Castarède
- Country of Origin : France
- Vintage : 1939 Vintage
- ABV : 40%
- Volume : 700ml
Out of stock
Founded in 1832 under Napoléon III, Castarède is the oldest Armagnac trading house in existence. Baron Haussmann who was the sub-prefect of Nérac, initially encouraged their ancestors to become the first traders in the register of commerce. CASTAREDE ancient and persistent quality is throughout the best range in France of vintage Armagnacs all the way back to the end of the 19th century. But their superiority is that they can guarantee the absolute authenticity with the Indirect Ministry of taxation archives of Excise Taxes. And very few houses of Armagnac can do that with certainty. | history |
https://wagnervineyards.com/our-story/winery-building/ | 2024-03-04T18:10:52 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947476464.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20240304165127-20240304195127-00548.warc.gz | 0.980788 | 402 | CC-MAIN-2024-10 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__138478840 | en | The Wagner Vineyards Estate Winery Building
In 1976, Bill Wagner broke ground on what would become the famous octagon building that houses Wagner Winery. He began construction even before the Farm Winery Act was passed later in that same year. The building was specially designed by Bill Wagner to be advantageous for wine production and planned to be energy efficient long before that was in vogue. Construction was completed and the doors opened to Wagner Vineyards Estate Winery in June of 1979.
The center of the octagon houses our tank room with a walkway wrapping part-way around so visitors can see where much of our wine is made. Many of our tanks were custom-made to fit the space we have available. Over time we have added tanks and now have a full tank room! Below the retail shop, tasting rooms, tank room, and bottling room is our cellar.
In the cellar seven of the eight sides of the octagon are full of barrels for our barrel aged wines. Being underground, the temperature stays relatively even year-round allowing for optimal aging conditions. In 1997 the brewery and the outdoor brew deck were added onto the winery – stop by and enjoy a glass of your favorite wine on our deck while you enjoy the beautiful lake view!
In 2015, we continued our investment in our farm winery’s sustainability with the installation of a 250KW solar array. This was a logical step for us as our family has made our living for five generations by harvesting the sun’s energy to ripen our grapes. This array, the largest in the Finger Lakes, is spread out among 3 of our buildings, including the Ginny Lee Café which you can see easily right from our parking lot!
You can see most of the building any time you stop in – but during our free daily tours visitors can be brought down to explore our cellar. It is quite a sight and worth it to plan your visit to the winery around one of our daily tour times. | history |
http://in-the-foot-prints-of-ancients.obsidianportal.com/wikis/andomenel | 2017-10-18T05:24:40 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-43/segments/1508187822747.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20171018051631-20171018071631-00444.warc.gz | 0.981039 | 1,248 | CC-MAIN-2017-43 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-43__0__255432504 | en | In The Footprints of Ancients
Though the world has been called by many names in different regions, at the height of civilizations glory the commonly accepted name was “Andomenel”, coming from an old Elvish phrase for “Heaven’s Gate”, which itself stemmed from a belief that this world was but one step away from the realm of Gods. Though all regions of Andomenel have their own unique histories, it is the story of the worlds unified rise and collapse that truly defines it.
For an age Andomenel had been a world steeped in magical energies. Nearly every child born across the world showed some aptitude for magic. The elders and priests believed it was a gift from the Gods, that magic had been bestowed upon the people of the world from a heavenly source. During the first few centuries of wide spread magic society grew, cities formed where small villages had once stood, great states and nations united. Great heroes arose in this time, as the world teamed with evil and wicked Magi. Heroes and armies tamed the wilderness, throwing down great demons and beasts, sealing malovelance within caverns, and fighting to the death against torrents of monsters. But the formation of cities and states rarely benefits all, and so many wars were fought in those years, with great magic users on either side, and a great many men died, and the world was scarred. Evil wizards rose, seeking to subjugate all others beneath them. Wars raged between kingdoms, against sinister Magi, against demons spewed from the earth. As wars diminished the population, and stunted the growth of civilization, the birth of the magically gifted also slowed. Many thought that their transgressions against one another had disappointed the Gods, and so their gifts were withdrawn. As the centuries passed the magi dwindled. During this time the greatest of the magi banded together, and swore an oath of peace, that no magic kingdom should do war with another. And so though the wages of time, and an increasingly smaller crop of magical children, continued to diminish the Magi, slowly the bloodshed stopped.
During this period of Andomenel’s history many great works were accomplished. Large dams were built to tame waters, aqueducts allowed people to expand to arid wastes, great cathedrals were constructed, great walls erected to keep out the wild beasts, roads stretched from city to city, and cities grew outwards and upwards. But much of this expansion was owed not to the technology, or slave labor, but rather to the works of great wizards and other magical people. The vast constructions, too big and intricate to have been built without magical tools, were constructed and maintained by magic, patrolled and repaired by golems, held safe by unbreakable seals, and all of it allowed a leisurely and frivolous life for the average man. As time stretched on magic was by no means ubiquitous, and so kings and emperors and lords with no magical talent ruled over the peaceful kingdoms, and had to take wizards and clerics into their service, and pay them great sums and afford them great freedoms in order to insure that society was maintained.
Eventually, the great wizards and clerics of the world grew in their power, sustaining their lives supernaturally. They had become a minority once more, and were quickly realizing that the age of magic was coming to a close. They understood how much they were being relied upon, and in many ways used, to maintain the vast empires of lesser men, and so they grew tired. They no longer wished to keep vassals in check or rebuff demonic incursions or heal the sick, and realized that they never had much of an opportunity to pursue their own goals since the Magi diminished. Their lives in the latter days of the time of the ancients was mostly spent furnishing their lords with lesser magicians and great works. Reviling the unenlightened kings and emperors, and especially the common man, many of the greatest wizards and sorcerers and clerics banded together once more and formed their own, extremely inaccessible, enclaves. They left to mountain tops, remote islands, cities beneath the oceans, palaces in the clouds, and lived in peace, free from the demands and the wars of those beneath them. In their enclaves they flourished, and grew more and more powerful, and even those among them who felt sorry for those they left behind eventually realized how much better off they were. The gates to their enclaves closed, illusions were deployed to hide them from lesser men, and the Magi left the world.
Lesser magicians had been left behind, many of them students at the time of the exodus, or those who continued to be born with the gift for magic, but unable to truly master its use. These people were relied upon as kings and emperors scrambled to prove themselves strong still in the face of this catastrophe. But the abilities of the magicians were not strong enough, and they were not practiced enough. Much of the magic that had been maintaining the infrastructure of empires, had been warding off storms and droughts and plagues, was far beyond them. Many of them died, falling victim to backfired spells and alchemical mishaps, and with fewer and fewer wizards of any skill level to rely on, society began to wither, having grown beyond its means and no longer having the magic to sustain it. As the centuries passed the roads became decayed and overgrown, the great dams burst and whole cities were swallowed by the waters, the jungles and forests encroached on the towns, the universities and libraries crumbled and became colonies for the plague stricken, society fell into darkness.
Andomenel forges on still, and the time of peace and prosperity, many centuries passed, has come to be known as The Time of the Ancients. Magic still exists, though it is sometimes persecuted. Small kingdoms have formed, using more primitive mechanical or alchemical means to support the constructions of old where they still stand. Wars are fought, monsters roam, the world is unquestionably darker. | history |
http://millercountyga.org/ | 2019-04-19T00:34:13 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-18/segments/1555578526923.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20190419001419-20190419023419-00443.warc.gz | 0.972559 | 459 | CC-MAIN-2019-18 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-18__0__66501278 | en | Miller County, the state's 117th county, was created by the state legislature in 1856 out of portions of Early and Baker counties and 283 square miles. The county was named for attorney Andrew Miller, who served in the state senate and later became president of the Medical College of Georgia in Augusta.
Colquitt was designated as the county seat in the same year as the county's founding. The city was named after Walter T. Colquitt, a clergyman, attorney, and judge, who served in the U.S. Senate from 1843 to 1848. The county's first courthouse, built in Colquitt, was replaced once and then burned twice before the current structure was completed in 1977. While Colquitt remains the only Miller County Courthouse incorporated city in Miller County, there are twenty other small communities.
At the turn of the twenty-first century, cotton, peanuts, and corn for grain were the top crops in Miller County, which today ranks fourth in total peanut production in Georgia.
Miller County is home to Georgia's official folklife play, Swamp Gravy. The ever-changing play is regularly scheduled at the historic Cotton Hall in Colquitt, which also houses the Museum of Southern Cultures. Storytelling circles are also popular because of the play. The Swamp Gravy Institute, an arts service organization formed as an outgrowth of the play, is a consulting and training unit of the Colquitt-Miller Arts Council. A storytelling festival is held in Colquitt in August, and the May-Haw Festival, honoring the tart south Georgia fruit, is held in April at Spring Creek Park, which also contains ecologically fragile wetlands.
The ongoing Millennium Murals Project, funded by public and private sources, has become a community beautification project. Using walls on area schools and business establishments, project designers pair artists with local middle and high school students, teachers, and community members. The murals depict stories told by locals about community happenings.
According to the 2000 U.S. census, the population of Miller County is 6,383 (70.3 percent white, 28.9 percent black, and 0.7 percent Hispanic), an increase of 2 percent since 1990.
Source: The New Georgia Encyclopedia | history |
http://www.liptonarts.com/fariba-hajamadi/ | 2018-01-19T01:24:51 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-05/segments/1516084887692.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20180119010338-20180119030338-00654.warc.gz | 0.955575 | 304 | CC-MAIN-2018-05 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-05__0__195517205 | en | Fariba Hajamadi works with photographs originating in museums and historical sites focusing on the representation of various cultures and their history. One such instance is the way in which these remaining artifacts are organized, categorized, and stored either in their original architectural context or in institutions devoted to their preservation.
Identity, memory, photography and history are the central terms that arise in Hajamadi’s work. She explores their relationship to one another and to the apparatuses and structures, which produce them. Her work is interrogative of such cultural standards as history, common language, visual representation, as well as their interactions and the processes involved in their consumption.
Hajamadi has been the subject of numerous one person exhibitions nationally and internationally such as the Queens Museum, ICA Philadelphia and Musée Municipal de La Roche-sur-Yon, France. Her works and installations have been included in exhibitions at The New Museum, New York; ARC, Musée d’Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris; P.S.1 Museum, NY; the Renaissance Society, Chicago; Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago; Wäinö Aaltonen Museum, Turku, Finland; Museum Fridericianum Kassel, Germany. Fariba Hajamadi lives and works in Brooklyn, NY.
Fariba Hajamadi was born in Esfahan, Iran in 1957. She received her BFA from Western Michigan University and her MFA from California Institute of the Arts. | history |
https://apsteinonwine.com/2023/10/11/object-lesson-in-excellence-e-guigals-cote-rotie-chateau-dampuis-2019/ | 2024-04-17T09:08:17 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817146.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20240417075330-20240417105330-00823.warc.gz | 0.942348 | 722 | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__28962764 | en | The Guigal family, the elder Marcel and his wife Bernadette, and their son Philippe and his wife Eve, have always focused on site specificity in the great Northern Rhône appellation of Côte-Rôtie. It started in 1966 when they bottled wine separately from La Mouline, a 2.5-acre vineyard planted with both Syrah and Viognier, in an amphitheater on the Côte Blonde slope of the appellation. A few years later, in 1978, they began bottling wine from La Landonne, a single 5.7-acre vineyard on the Côte Brune also planted to both Syrah and Viognier. Finally, in 1985, they began bottling La Turque, from another 2.5-acre vineyard, planted entirely to Syrah, on the Côte Brune.
In 1990, Guigal felt the wine from another single Côte Brune vineyard, Pommière, was distinctive enough to be bottled separately. This time, however, Guigal bottled it in magnum only and, curiously, without the vineyard name on the label. Then in 1995, they decided there were six sites (a seventh was added in 2005), both on the Côte Blonde (La Clos, La Garde, and La Grande Plantée) Côte Brune (La Pommière, Le Pavillon Rouge, Le Moulin, and La Viria, the one added in 2005) that were sufficiently distinctive to produce a high-end representation of Côte Rôtie. And thus, Château d’Ampuis was born.
The name of the wine comes from the 12th century château, a national historic monument that Guigal purchased in 1995, then painstakingly restored, and ultimately made the headquarters of this great House. Château d’Ampuis is meant as a wine to lie—in stature, production and price—between Guigal’s classic Côte-Rôtie, dubbed Brune et Blonde de Guigal (200,000 bottles annually at about $90 a bottle), and the three single vineyard bottlings, collectively known as the LaLa’s (about 5,000 bottles each annually of La Mouline and La Turque and double that for La Landonne. Each cost about $500 a bottle upon release).
The youthful 2019 Château d’Ampuis is simply stunning. The influence of long aging in new oak (38 months) is still apparent at this stage, yet not overwhelming. Based on my experience with older vintages of Château d’Ampuis as well as Guigal’s single vineyard bottlings, all of which receive similarly long oak-aging, the oak eventually marries seamlessly with the plethora of fruit, pepper, smoke, and other savory nuances found in these wines. Elegance is lent to the wine by a touch (seven percent) of Viognier in the blend, with these grapes from the Côte Blonde being co-fermented with the meaty and powerful Syrah fruit.
Unevolved at this stage, the wonderful 2019 Château d’Ampuis needs at least a decade to fully unfurl and show its splendor. (95 pts., $135, imported by Vintus). | history |
https://www.simonphipps.com/games/thunderhawk/ | 2023-11-29T11:44:50 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100081.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20231129105306-20231129135306-00675.warc.gz | 0.983623 | 322 | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__69965053 | en | Design (Atari ST, Commodore Amiga)
My involvement in Thunderhawk came about when the astonishingly talented duo of Mark ‘Mac’ Avory and Sean ‘Gilbert the Goat’ Dunlevy arrived at Core with vast amounts of 3D knowledge, code and a desire to do something amazing. Mac had always wanted to create a helicopter sim and was in the process of doing just that when I was assigned to the project. It was clear that Mac’s engine was revolutionary for its time and my role in the design was to assist in capitalising on that.
At the time that Thunderhawk was being developed, there were two types of helicopter game. Firstly there were the 3D simulations that were highly technical, had some 30 odd controls to master and saw the player tracking small dots along a wobbly horizon for hours and then there were sprite-based arcade games that were good fun but lacking in depth. Where Thunderhawk sat was right in the middle – utilising Mac’s 3D engine to depict a realistic world of SAM sites, tanks and planes in surprising detail for the time but featuring missions that began right in the thick of the action, eliminating those hours of fiddling around trying to find a target.
What resulted was a neat, short project to work on that resulted in one of Core’s early successes as a publisher. In addition to campaign and mission design, it was my first taste of script writing – all sixty mission briefings, which in the days before decent word processors felt like fifty-nine mission briefings too many… | history |
http://www.purpleplates.com/index.php?main_page=product_info&products_id=723 | 2017-03-30T00:40:57 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-13/segments/1490218191444.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20170322212951-00251-ip-10-233-31-227.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.956146 | 629 | CC-MAIN-2017-13 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-13__0__42607824 | en | Turquoise is perhaps the oldest stone in man’s history, the talisman of kings, shamans, and warriors. It is a stone of protection, strong and opaque, yet soothing to the touch, healing to the eye, as if carved from an azure heaven and slipped to earth. Its unique shade of blue, often blue-green, lends it name, Turquoise, to all things of this tranquil hue.
The name Turquoise is derived from the French, pierre turquoise, meaning “Turkish stone,” because the trade routes that brought Turquoise to Europe from the mines in central Asia went through Turkey, and Venetian merchants often purchased the stone in Turkish bazaars.
For thousands of years, Turquoise has spanned all cultures, prized as a symbol of wisdom, nobility and the power of immortality. Among the Ancient Egyptians, Persians and Chinese, Aztecs and Incas of South America, and Native North Americans, Turquoise was sacred in its adornment and for power, luck, and protection.
Turquoise beads dating back to 5000 B.C. have been found in Iraq, and the Egyptians were mining the stones in the Sinai in 3200 B.C. The death mask of Tutankhamun was studded with Turquoise, as were the mosaic masks dedicated to the gods, the fabulous inlaid skulls, shields and power statues of Montezuma, the last ruler of the Aztecs.
For nearly a thousand years, Native Americans have mined and fashioned Turquoise, using it to guard their burial sites. Their gems have been found from Argentina to New Mexico. Indian priests wore it in ceremonies when calling upon the great spirit of the sky. Many honored Turquoise as the universal stone, believing their minds would become one with the universe when wearing it. Because of its ability to change colors, it was used in prophesy or divining. To the prehistoric Indian, Turquoise, worn on the body or used in ceremonies always signified the god of the sky alive in the earth.
Historically, Turquoise is credited with the property of securing friendly regard, verifying the traditional saying that “he, or she, who owns a Turquoise will never want for a friend.” In the Orient, a Turquoise ring was worn as a protector against all things evil. The proverb states: “Given by a loving hand it brings with it happiness and good fortune.” However, the ring emitted protective energy only if the stone was given by a friend. It was believed to restore clear vision to the mind when the thinking became muddled and thus ensured good fortune.
As a crystal for travel, Turquoise protects you and your possessions against theft, loss or attack, helps prevent accidents, especially falls, and even guards your pet. Attached to a collar, bridle, or cage, Turquoise prevents animals from straying or being stolen, and makes horses sure-footed and obedient to their riders. | history |
http://wiyot.us/186/Tuluwat-Project | 2023-12-01T23:59:49 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100308.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20231201215122-20231202005122-00362.warc.gz | 0.954791 | 1,195 | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__22612523 | en | Indian Island was home to two ancient villages; Tuluwat (" Toulouwat ") and Etpidolh ("Etpidalh Watpuroulh "). At Tuluwat, Wiyot held the annual "world renewal ceremony", a dance lasting seven to ten days.
The ground beneath Tuluwat, the Wiyot village, is an enormous clamshell mound (or midden). This mound, measuring over six acres in size and estimated to be over 1,000 years old, is an irreplaceable physical history of the Wiyot way of life. Contained within it are remnants of meals, tools, and ceremonies, as well as many burial sites.
At the end of the 19th century, settlers built dikes and channels on the island. These modifications changed tidal action along the shore, resulting in erosion of the edge of the mound. Between 1913 and 1985, an estimated 2000 cubic yards of the shell mound were lost to erosion, which continues and seems to even be accelerating. In addition, the shell mound was the site of uncontrolled digging in the early part of the 20th century. One amateur archeologist was said to have looted as many as 500 of our gravesites. In addition, structures of the Tuluwat village that were still visible in 1913 are now gone, having been destroyed or carried away by wind and waves.
It is imperative to prevent further destruction of the mound. The planned restoration will eliminate continued erosion and looting while creating and enhancing wildlife habitat.
Wiyot Sacred Site Fund
As part of the survival of the Wiyot culture, the Wiyot Tribe established the Wiyot Sacred Site Fund to purchase back portions of Indian Island as they became available and other sites of religious and/or cultural significance for future generations and for those of today. The Wiyot people who have gone before us and those who are to come would like to invite you to contribute generously to the Wiyot Sacred Site Fund and help heal the past to make a dance for future generations to come.
Purchase of Historic Village Site
Through grassroots fundraising, and with the help of the community and individual donors, the Wiyot Tribe was able to purchase back 1.5 acres of the historic village site of Tuluwat on Indian Island in 2000.
Eureka City Council
The Eureka City Council made history May 18, 2004 as they unanimously approved a resolution to return approximately 45 acres, comprising the northeastern tip, of Indian Island to the Wiyot Tribe. Indian Island will be protected from inappropriate development because all zoning and land use restrictions will be in place. In the return of the 60 acres that the City Council passed, there are measures that assure that this will remain the case by prohibiting a change in status or transfer to anyone else, except back to the City of Eureka.
We know of no other city in California that has taken an action as bold as this, and that has a tribute to its indigenous people so prominently in its midst. We wish to express our profound gratitude to the Eureka City Council, and staff, for their visionary and courageous action, and commitment to an enriched inclusive community.
Goal of the Tuluwat Project
The goal of the Tuluwat project is to restore the cultural heritage and ecological resources of the site and surrounding salt marsh, to construct a cultural center open to the public, and to restore the site to once again perform Tribal ceremonies there. But in order to realize these goals, the Tribe first had to clean up the site, which was the site of a ship repair facility from approximately 1870 to 1990. Tons of scattered metal, wood debris, and hazardous materials littered the area, along with several dilapidated structures and contaminated soil.
The Tribe has been in the process of cleaning up the debris and pollutants left on the village site since its purchase. A vast majority of the metal and wood debris has been removed, all but three of the structures were demolished, and the most contaminated soil was excavated. The next steps are to finish the sheet piling for erosion control, rebuild the dock and bulkhead, and install a geotextile and soil cap over the site.
Indian Island Cultural & Environmental Restoration Project
The Natural Resources Department has spearheaded several ongoing restoration activities at the Wiyot village site of Tuluwat on Indian Island in Humboldt Bay. The overarching project, the Indian Island Cultural and Environmental Restoration Project (IICERP), is very complex because of the multiple cultural and environmental conditions that exist at the site: historic injustice, insensitive ecosystem and manipulation, archeological & cultural significance, environmental contamination, and physical isolation all play a part in the project execution.
The Natural Resources Department collaborates with the Wiyot Cultural Department and tribal community, along with a large number of state, federal, and local community agencies and consultants in the ongoing program of improving the environmental and cultural quality of the Tuluwat site. Specifically, the environmental department has acquired funding from the National Park Service Historic Preservation Fund, US EPA Brownfields Program, California Integrated Waste Management Board, the Center for Creative Land Recycling, the Lannan Foundation, California Cultural and Historical Endowmentand others to move the project forward.
These funds, as well as the Tribe's Sacred Sites fund, have allowed the Natural Resources Department to realize the removal of contaminated material, over 60 tons of scrap metal, and many tons of garbage; completion of a brownfields assessment and remediation plan; erosion control achieved through installation of 450 feet of composite sheetpiling backfilled with 300 cubic yards of imported fill; and native plant landscaping over portions of the site. Still ahead, of course, are brownfields project completion (including in-site contaminant remediation) and site re-development, as well as restoration of the salt marsh surrounding the Tuluwat site. | history |
http://hewad.com/mohammadgul/index.htm | 2023-02-04T12:40:03 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-06/segments/1674764500126.0/warc/CC-MAIN-20230204110651-20230204140651-00454.warc.gz | 0.964974 | 1,740 | CC-MAIN-2023-06 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-06__0__263246874 | en | Muhammad Gul Khan Momand
(M. Ibrahim Nasar, University of Wollongong Australia)
man of letters and the sword, a literary figure and a true symbol of the
Afghan code of life, Pashtoonwali, Muhammad Gul Khan Momand was born in
1885, in Kabul. Like his father Khursheed Khan, grandfather Momen Khan
and greatgrand father Abdul Kareem, who played key roles in politics,
the administration and the army of Afghanistan under the then rulers,
Amir Dost Mohammad Khan and Abdul Rahman Khan, Muhammad Gul Momand is
well known for his services in all three areas and for his great contribution
to Pashto language and literature.
After a basic education, Muhammad Gul Khan Momand entered
the military school in 1909. He joined the Royal Guards and became a Unit
Commander and an instructor for some units. After serving as the principal
of the Military School, he later became deputy commander-in-chief and
then commander of the Royal Guards.
In 1919, he was a member of the delegation, headed by Mohammad
Wali Badakhshani, which visited Europe to announce the sovereignty of
Afghanistan under Amanullah Khan.
In 1924 he served as civil and military governor of Pakthia
and, in 1927, as Chairman of the inspection team of Mazar-e-Sharif and
then civil and military governor of Ningarhar.
Soldier and Administrator:
Muhammad Gul Momand had been endowed by God with great qualities
as an administrator and a soldier. During King Amanullah Khan's time when,
different tribes in the Khost and Ningarhar areas revolted against his
policies of modernization, Amanullah Khan asked Muhammad Gul Momand to
visit the areas. It was through his popularity as a great leader and a
true and honest man among the people that within a short time an atmosphere
of peace prevailed in the area. And later he took the responsibility of
the governorship of Ningarhar and subsequently of other adjoining provinces.
Besides being a good administrator, he was also a great
soldier and he played an important role in the uprising, which brought
Nadir Shah to power. When a small group of people took over Kabul and
terrorized the city, he left the city and went to Ningarhar. He later
joined army of resistance, taking command of several units from the south
in Ningarhar and within a couple of weeks his lashkar had reached outskirts
of Kabul. When Kabul was attacked by the army from three sides, under
the command of Sardar Shah Wali Khan, Sadar Shah Mahmood Khan and by a
third Lashkar under the command of Muhammad Gul Momand, the bandits were
defeated at Logar, Siahsang and Bagrami, and the resistance army soon
managed to get control of the city center. This paved the way for the
success of the rebellion and, as a result, Nadir shah became King of Afghanistan.
It was because of the important role that Muhammad Gul Momand played in
the revolt that Nadir Shah assigned him the responsibility of Interior
Minister in his cabinet.
In 1930 he became the governor of the Capisa, Parwan, Kandahar
and Farah provinces, and after 1933, he served as the governor of Badakhshan,
Mazar-e-Sharif and Maimana.
He also performed the duty of deputy chairman of Loya Jirga
(Grand Assembly), convened in 1955.
to Pashto Language and Literature
Muhammad Gul Momand can best be compared to Khoshal Khan
and Rahman Baba as a poet, a good writer and an orator. Apart from Pashto
and Dari, he had command of the Turkish and Russian languages as well.
But he was a strong advocate of the purification of the Pashto language.
His literary work mainly deals with Pashto language. He wrote several
books and compiled a Pashto dictionary, De Pakhtu Sind. De Pukhtu De Zabe
Lyara (on Pashto grammar) and another book entitled De Pashto Landaki,
are other great contributions to the Pashto language. His letter to Abdul
Rauf Benawa regarding the importance of language for the nation and the
responsibilities of writers and leaders towards their language was published
tract form in fifty three pages by Pukhto Adabi Tolana, Kabul. "This
essay counts all the virtues of human life in relation to Pashto and Pashtunwala."
(Hamish Khalil, 1995)
He always urged the importance and advancement of Pashto language according
to the needs of the time. It was this search, which inspired him to gather
and consult Pashtoon writers and tribal leaders, when he was governor
of Kandahar, to seek ways of working for the advancement of the language.
At the end of this gathering, a historic step was taken and the first
ever association for the advancement of the Pashto language came into
being under the name De Pashto Adbi Anjuman, in 1932 in Kandahar. Later,
branches of the Anjuman were also established in other parts of the country.
Muhammad Usman Khan Barakzai was selected as its first head and a committee
under Muhammad Gul Momand (known to his countrymen, Pashtoon Baba) worked
out the guidelines and objectives of the organisation. The Anjuman served
the language by publishing historic books about the language and its grammar;
searched for lost words by visiting villages and kochies (nomads) where
such words were still alive; translated into Pashto from Farsi and from
some international languages books which were of scientific, historical,
political or economic importance for Afghanistan. It also started publishing
the first Pashto magazine Pashto and a second one under the name Da Mualim
Pashto as well as publishing many other books for the teaching and learning
of Pashto language. It was with the help of Pashtoon Baba that the Farsi
language Thalo e Afghan magazine, was, from 1935 published in Pashto.
The Anjuman fulfilled its activities in Kandahar till 1935
and later worked in Kabul for two years, until it was replaced in April
1937 by the Pashto Academy. The Pashto Academy was also the brainchild
of Muhammad Gul Momand. According to Pohand Rishteen, Abdul Hai Habibi
was in Kandahar when he was called to Kabul and invited by Muhammad Gul
Momand to become the first head of the Academy.
Muhammad Gul Momand was universally known and loved. He
was awarded the medal of Lmar A'lee (Sun-1) He was known by many names,
such as Wazir Sahib, Pashtoon Baba and Loe Afghan.
Muhammad Gul Momand died in Kabul on 18th of August 1964,
at the age of 80. His funeral was attended by high-ranking officials and
tribal chiefs from all around the country, including the then prime minister
Sardar Dawoud Khan. Zahir Shah, in the midst of his busy schedule, spent
the whole day at the fatheha and delivered a speech and paid homage to
the great man, calling him his guide and savior of the Afghan nation and
Note: Most of the information of this article is
taken from the works of Syed Sabir Shah (Loe Afghan, 1998), Ismail Yoon
(Da Mummad Gul Khan Momand Annd ao Zwand ta yawa Kathana, 1994), and Hamish
Khalil (Muhammad Gul Khan Momand, 1995)
Thanks to Dr. Asad. Z, Noorullah Khan Attal, Nancy Syed and Breshna for
their contribution and help in this article.
© Copyright 2000. All rights reserved.
Interested in any special article?
Please contact wembaster for permission! | history |
http://zestzfulness.blogspot.com/2010/03/zestz-celebrating-present_29.html | 2018-06-18T09:45:29 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-26/segments/1529267860168.62/warc/CC-MAIN-20180618090026-20180618110026-00459.warc.gz | 0.964468 | 248 | CC-MAIN-2018-26 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-26__0__106580662 | en | Now is the accepted time, not tomorrow, not some more convenient season.
It is today that our best work can be done and not some future day or future year.
It is today that we fit ourselves for the greater usefulness of tomorrow.
Today is the seed time, now are the hours of work, and tomorrow comes the harvest and the playtime.
William Edward Burghardt Du Bois (February 23, 1868 – August 27, 1963) was an American civil rights activist, Pan-Africanist, sociologist, historian, author, and editor.
The first African-American graduate of Harvard University, where he earned his Ph.D in History, Du Bois later became a professor of history and economics at Atlanta University. He became the head of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) in 1910, becoming founder and editor of the NAACP's journal The Crisis. Du Bois rose to national attention in his opposition of Booker T. Washington's ideas of social integration between whites and blacks, campaigning instead for increased political representation for blacks in order to guarantee civil rights, and the formation of a Black elite that would work for the progress of the African American race. | history |
http://yuminmytumrecipes.blogspot.com/2012/06/chocolate-dipped-strawberries-red-white.html | 2017-04-29T13:33:00 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-17/segments/1492917123491.79/warc/CC-MAIN-20170423031203-00021-ip-10-145-167-34.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.94614 | 371 | CC-MAIN-2017-17 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-17__0__216805538 | en | Variously known as the Fourth of July and Independence Day, July 4th has been a federal holiday in the United States since 1941, but the tradition of Independence Day celebrations goes back to the 18th century and the American Revolution (1775-83). In June 1776, representatives of the 13 colonies then fighting in the revolutionary struggle weighed a resolution that would declare their independence from Great Britain. On July 2nd, the Continental Congress voted in favor of independence, and two days later its delegates adopted the Declaration of Independence, a historic document drafted by Thomas Jefferson. From 1776 until the present day, July 4th has been celebrated as the birth of American independence, with typical festivities ranging from fireworks, parades and concerts to more casual family gatherings and barbecues.
With that being said, do you know what you're serving for your Independence Day celebration? Stay tuned for daily All-American recipes up until July 4th here at Yum In My Tum. Up first, strawberries dipped in white chocolate and drizzled with blue syrup courtesy of Life Tastes Like Food.
1 pound of ripe strawberries
1 bag of white chocolate candy melts (or a bag of white chocolate chips)
1 cup of confectioner’s sugar
1 tablespoon of milk
1 tablespoon of light corn syrup
Blue food coloring
Wash and completely dry the strawberries. In a pot, simmer 1-2 inches of water and place a glass or metal bowl on top of the pot to create a double boiler. Slowly melt half a bag of the candy melts. When the melts are completely melted, remove from heat, add the second half of the candy melts, and incorporate until smooth. If the mixture has cooled down too much to melt everything nicely, simmer the pot of water again and let everything warm up a little bit. | history |
http://mediacentre.leedsbeckett.ac.uk/press-release/iron-curtain-kid-to-talk-at-leeds-beckett/ | 2017-11-22T01:48:56 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-47/segments/1510934806447.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20171122012409-20171122032409-00633.warc.gz | 0.940483 | 804 | CC-MAIN-2017-47 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-47__0__227250963 | en | A talk and film screening to mark the 25th anniversary of the fall of the Berlin Wall will be held at Leeds Beckett University on Friday 7 November.
The event, ‘The Iron Curtain Kid – Growing up on the Wrong Side of the Berlin Wall’, is being led by Oliver Fritz, author of the 2012 book ‘The Iron Curtain Kid’ and expert on the former East Germany. It will take place at the University’s Rose Bowl building in Lecture Theatre F.
Oliver will be talking from 3pm to 4.30pm about his experiences of growing up in East Berlin and witnessing the fall of the wall in 1989. From 4.30pm to 5pm there will be refreshments and an exhibition to view, created by Visual Arts and History students, followed by the screening of the Oscar-winning 2007 film, ‘The Lives of Others’.
‘The Lives of Others’ tells the story of Stasi, an agent in East Berlin in 1984 who is assigned to conduct surveillance on a writer and his lover and who finds himself becoming increasingly involved in their lives.
Event organiser and Senior Lecturer in History at Leeds Beckett, Dr Kelly Hignett, commented: “Between its construction in August 1961 and its destruction in November 1989, the Berlin Wall divided a city, a nation and symbolised the ‘Iron Curtain’ that separated Western Europe from the communist Eastern Bloc during the Cold War. In November 1989, when the Berlin Wall finally crumbled, live images showing thousands of Germans celebrating by hacking at the hated structure with hammers and pick-axes were transmitted around the world, creating one of the most iconic moments of the revolutions of 1989: the collapse of communism and the end of the Cold War.
“This November marks the 25th anniversary of the Berlin Wall fall, and various commemorative events are planned in Berlin and elsewhere across Europe. The Centre for Culture and the Arts is delighted to be hosting an event to mark this historic occasion here in Leeds.”
Oliver Fritz was born in 1967 in East Berlin, where he worked for several years in the country’s foreign trade industry before concentrating on working for East German state television, appearing in more than 150 movies and TV productions. After the fall of the Berlin Wall, he moved to the UK. Today, Oliver is a writer, translator, editor and an expert on the former East Germany and the Berlin Wall. He has appeared on the Jeremy Vine show and BBC Newsnight. Oliver’s book, ‘The Iron Curtain Kid’, tells the story of his life in East Germany.
The event, which has been organised and funded by the University’s Centre for Culture and the Arts, is free and open to the public. Places can be booked by visiting http://bit.ly/IronCurtainKid
For further details please contact Carrie Braithwaite in the Communications team at Leeds Beckett on 0113 812 3022 or email [email protected]
Notes for editors:
- Leeds Beckett University was previously Leeds Metropolitan University.
- Leeds Beckett University has around 32,000 students and just over 3,000 staff.
- The Vice Chancellor of Leeds Beckett University is Professor Susan Price and the Chancellor is Sir Bob Murray CBE.
- Leeds Beckett’s four faculties are: Arts, Environment and Technology, Business & Law, Health and Social Sciences, and Carnegie.
- Leeds Beckett University is the only university in the UK to have achieved both the Customer Service Excellence standard, Investors in People Gold and the RoSPA Gold medal.
- The Destination of Leavers in Higher Education (DLHE) showed that the proportion of Leeds Beckett 2012/13 graduates in work, further study or both six months after leaving university was 93.7%. | history |
https://annbankandtarboltonchurch.org/tarbolton-information-page | 2019-11-21T19:31:56 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-47/segments/1573496670948.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20191121180800-20191121204800-00055.warc.gz | 0.966735 | 644 | CC-MAIN-2019-47 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-47__0__25614337 | en | Tarbolton Parish Church is on Cunningham Street in Tarbolton. An ‘A’ listed building built in 1821 and in 1943 a Union with the nearby Erskine Church took place.
The former Erskine Church building is now the Erskine Hall, our present church hall, and it is a 5 minute walk from the Church, very close to the primary school.
For those interested, we have a double manual pipe organ built by Norman and Beard in 1908.
Tarbolton, which was originally a weaving village in the 18th century, is situated in between Kilmarnock and Ayr.
For Burns enthusiasts Annbank and Tarbolton lies in the heart of Burns Country with Mossgiel, Lochlea and Willie’s Mill all close by. Robert Burns was a Depute Master of the Tarbolton Masonic Lodge and his Masonic apron is one of the treasures held in the extensive and interesting museum there. The nearby hamlet of Failford also has strong Burns connections. The Bachelors’ Club, now a National Trust property, attracts many visitors each year from different corners of the world.
Our Guild has been going for 90 years.
The meetings are held on the 4th Tuesday of the month from September through o March with the outing in April.
We have a Sunday school in Tarbolton Parish Church which is always welcoming new wee faces. They meet at the church at 10am to participate in the first part of worship and then they go to the Erskine Hall for their time of stories, songs and crafts. All Sunday School teachers have PVG certificates.
Pram Praise (all guardians and pre school children) will be held in the Church on the first Monday of the month at 2.00pm
Sunday worship in Tarbolton is at 10am and Annbank starts at 11.30am.
A half hour service is held at Temple House in Mossblown on the 1st Sunday of the month at 2pm.
Home communion is celebrated on request, just contact the minister for this special service.
Tarbolton Church is situated only 3 miles from Annbank Church. There are many families within the two villages who are related and we have many shared services and this year we will share both our Christmas Day Service and our Easter Day Service.
We have a special Service once a year in November for all whose names are in our 'Book of Remembrance'.
Tarbolton Parish Church News
Boxes filled ready for despatch to Blythswood Care
Mrs Sally Alexander after being awarded a certificate for 30 years as a Sunday School Teacher
Mrs Margaret Kerr with the certificate awarded after retiring as Sunday School Leader after some 25 years service presented by Rev. Paul Russell.
7 elders after being presented with 30 year diplomas as mentioned in our newsletter.
Showing from left to right are ;
Maureen McNae, Iris Richardson, Janette Candlish, David Neil, Moira Wilson, Margaret Brown and Mary Hunter.
Miss Moira Wilson with the certificate to mark her time of over 30 years as Church Treasurer. | history |
https://www.cedarviewcemetery.org/cemetery.html | 2024-02-27T04:08:25 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474670.19/warc/CC-MAIN-20240227021813-20240227051813-00557.warc.gz | 0.990499 | 379 | CC-MAIN-2024-10 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__71120992 | en | Research on Burials
Charles Reeves (1820-1900)
Charles Reeves was born about 1820 as a slave in Holmdel, New Jersey. He was owned by David Williamson until he was freed at the age of twenty-five. He married Hannah Van Clief of Middletown, New Jersey when he was about 30 years old and working for Garrett D. Hendrickson. About a year after his marriage, he went to work at the Brookdale farm, which is present day Brookdale Community College in Lincroft, New Jersey. Charles then moved to Lincroft and worked for George W. Crawford of Nut Swamp for thirty years. Charles died at the age of eighty at home in Lincroft with his wife, his sister and ten children surviving him. His funeral was at Lincroft Chapel.
John Major Coleman (about 1832-1909)
John Major Coleman was a civil war veteran who was born a slave in Richmond, VA between 1831 and 1833. At the outbreak of the Civil War, he was living in Lexington, Kentucky, where he enlisted in the 119th Colored Regiment of Kentucky. John participated in the battles of Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville. He was a member of the D. B. Birney Post No. 95 of the Grand Army.
John married Eliza Holmes in November of 1870 in Colts Neck, NJ. John and Eliza settled in Scobeyville, NJ (present day Colts Neck). They had four children. John worked on various farms in the area. John died in Red Bank, NJ and his funeral was held at Calvary Baptist Church. John's friends called him Major and this is also listed as an alias on his pension papers. His headstone reads 'Mager' Coleman, which is an obvious misspelling of Major. | history |
https://fourstarwealth.com/chicago-by-day-and-night | 2024-02-28T12:45:11 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474715.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20240228112121-20240228142121-00049.warc.gz | 0.980265 | 168 | CC-MAIN-2024-10 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__158184911 | en | April 7, 2022
Anyone who is familiar with Erik Larson’s book “The Devil in the White City“, would have enjoyed the presentation by authors Paul Durica and Bill Savage. Their book “Chicago by Day and Night” is a practical guide for those who attended the Columbian Exposition in 1893. This well researched book takes the readers on a tour of the seedier side of the Fair and where to find adult “sporting” places. The authors visited all known addresses to see if the buildings were still standing and what they and the neighborhoods are like in the present day Chicago.
The Union League Club of Chicago hosted cocktails and appetizers before the event and those in attendance were treated to a glimpse of the past. It was a fun and interesting evening that was enjoyed by all. | history |
http://www.curlmanitoba.org/ogrady-history | 2017-03-29T21:20:05 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-13/segments/1490218191396.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20170322212951-00341-ip-10-233-31-227.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.981535 | 2,616 | CC-MAIN-2017-13 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-13__0__27208504 | en | O'Grady Challenge History
A History of the O’Grady Challenge Trophy
In 1908 Colonel J.W. deCourey O’Grady, who was President of the Manitoba Curling Association, presented a trophy to encourage good will and promote curling matches between affiliated clubs in the Association, which at that time included clubs from North Western Ontario and parts of Saskatchewan. The official name is the O’Grady but is also affectionately known and called “The Old Buffalo”, the latter being taken from a figure of a bison standing in a defiant attitude on the trophy. This large beautiful trophy, which is still in competition today, can be seen at the Curling Hall of Fame in the Hudson Bay Company Department Store in downtown Winnipeg. Colonel O’Grady also served as President in 1911.
The first Trustees appointed were Messrs R.D. Waugh and Isaac Pitblado along with Col. O’Grady. Upon the death of Col. O’Grady on Nov. 2, 1914, Mr. Magnus Peterson, who had been induced to act as Secretary for the O’Grady, was appointed a Trustee and the secretarial work was taken over by the Secretary of the M.C.A. There has been a number of Trustees since the early days whose names have not been recorded. The most recent from the 1950’s were Bill Lumsden and Bob O’Dowda of Elmwood, Ross Wright of Grain Exchange, Tom Bell of Valour Road, Eric Mitchell of Rossmere, Lou Henry of Charleswood, Paul Pelletier of Fort Rouge, and presently Ron Lloyd of Fort Garry, Jim Sproule of Thistle, and Don Stewart of Manitou. The secretarial work is looked after by the M.C.A. Office.
The Trophy was put into play in the Annual M.C.A. Bonspiel of 1908. Any club affiliated with the Association was eligible to enter a double rink (two teams) in the competition, the winner to be declared by the highest total number of points accumulated in a round robin competition. Two Granite teams skipped by W.P. McDougall and Dr. A.B. Alexander were the winners, defeating double teams from Glenboro, Birtle, Napinka, Dauphin and Regina, Saskatchewan Clubs.
Rules provided that the club in possession of the Trophy was called upon to defend it once a week during the season until it was won by a challenger. All challenges had to be made to the Trustees.
The first challenge match was played on March 2, 1908 between the Granite Club in Winnipeg and the Kenora Ontario Curling Club. The Granite Curling Club was successful in its first defence.
Record books were provided in duplicate, one to travel with the trophy and one to be kept by the Trustees. In the books is recorded the date and Place of games, personnel of the four competing teams in each game, scores in detail, temperature, weather conditions, condition of ice, and “remarks”. Under remarks are many interesting curling stories of driving miles through blizzards with teams and sleighs. Of latter years a drive of a hundred to two hundred kilometres by Trophy holders is a common occurrence.
The most distant challenge has come from Thompson, Manitoba in 1990.
Interesting comments in GAME #193 – Sperling curlers arrived in Oakville by train at 11:20 p.m. Games were curled soon after they arrived in the early hours of the morning so a sociable hour or two could be enjoyed with the visitors before they caught the train for home at 6:25 a.m. GAME #194 – Same arrival and departure time (by Treherne) but included the comment “a large gallery watched the games which were closely contested and did not seem to mind the lateness of the hour”. GAME #195 - The Fort Garry Club arrived by train at Fortier, Manitoba and were met by a horse drawn uncovered wagon and conveyed in state to Oakville arriving at 5:30 p.m. after a thrilling drive! But all accounts of matches seem to have the same ending! The visiting club was fed and entertained after the games and an enjoyable time was had by all.
The record book contains stories of many great battles, one of the most famous being a seventeen end match between Thistle and Civic Curling Clubs in GAME #6. The score was tied after the regulation 14 ends. In the fifteenth and sixteenth ends each club scored one point. In the seventeenth end Civic scored three but the Thistle club scored four to win the match and retain the Trophy. It is not recorded how long it took to play the match. In GAME #46 on January 17th, 1914 at Thistle, the match ended in a tie at 12:00 Midnight. As the saying used to be “They rolled up the sidewalks at midnight”. Everything closed down, except bootleggers which were unlawful at any time. However, on the following Saturday, Elmwood returned to Thistle to complete the match and break the tie. Thistle won the game by a score of one to nothing – they played one end only.
It is also interesting to note the remarks of GAME #1010 played on January 16th, 1920. It appears that in those early days O’Grady records were only obtained by the M.C.A. or Trustees from what was reported in the newspapers. The remark in the O’Grady record book read “Match won by Heather Club. Unable to obtain detailed reports as Newspapers were not printed on January 17th due to shortage of Newsprint”.
Some lesser known clubs that competed in the early years were Union Terminal, St. Johns C.P.R, Civic and Caledonian.
Up to GAME #375 on March 8th, 1946 all matches were 14 ends duration. On December 11, 1946 in GAME #376 the matches were reduced to 12 ends and on March 13th, 1965 in GAME #550 all matches were reduced to 10 ends.
Another major change took place on December 9th, 1967 in GAME #570 when the Challenger rather than the Holder became the Host Club for all games. This was a very beneficial and economical change as it meant that any club would only host once during a season.
From the beginning until the 1950’s there were only 9 or 10 matches scheduled because of natural ice. From the 1950’s to 1960’s there were approximately 12 or 13 games; from teh 1960’s to 1970’s Approximately 17 or 18 games and beginning in 1974 there were up to 20 or 21 matches as we have it today.
As the 1998 season was approaching, the Trustees felt that they should consider recognizing ninety years of continuous matches of this great competition. So, on March 1st, 1998 – 90 years less one day, a 90th Anniversary of the O’Grady Challenge Trophy was celebrated.
After a number of planning meetings, the date of March 1st, 1998 was set in conjunction with a match scheduled between Fort Rouge – the challenger and Morden – the present holder of the Trophy.
This event took place at the Fort Rouge Curling Club. Invitations were sent out to all clubs in the M.C.A. that had participated in this competition over the 90 years, as well as dignitaries from the province of Manitoba, The City of Winnipeg, The curling Foundation, The President of the Curling Hall of Fame and members of the Manitoba Curling Association Executive. Replies were received back indicating that approximately 60-70 people would be attending. Unfortunately, a province wide storm happened on our day and many guests were unable to make the trip from the country points, thus we ended up with only about 50 in attendance.
On display was the beautiful O’Grady Trophy, along with all the record books containing all the information of each match, as well as statistic sheets for all matches up to the end of the 1997 season.
After the game, refreshments and fellowship were enjoyed by the curlers and guests prior to some serious time.
Trustee Jim Sproule then introduced our Honoured Guests and dignitaries who extended their greetings and spoke briefly.
Trustee Ron Lloyd gave a brief history of this great competition stating these matches in the old days were very important and always very well publicized in the Sports Pages of the 2 Newspapers. There were usually many spectators and dignitaries in attendance such as the M.C.A. President, Provincial and Civic Reps and the Media (quite often SCOTTY HARPER). Scotty not only attended City matches but many Rural matches as well.
Ron also wanted all to know that the purpose was not to showcase the best and most well known curlers from one club, but to include any curler who wished to participate and enjoy the game; fostering good-will, camaraderie, fun and great fellowship.
A lovely lunch followed.
The next ten years of competition had a few highlights as follows:
GRAND MARAIS and WINKLER participated for the first time ever. Winkler in 1999/2000 season and Grand Marais in 2007/2008 season. ST. VITAL was back in 2000 after being absent since 1915, SELKIRK was back for the first time since 1924 and RESTON returned after an absence of 37 years.
100th ANNIVERSARY CELEBRATION
The 07-08 season was a very busy but exciting one as 100 years in this great competition was fast approaching. Planning for a 100th Anniversary Celebration was taking place.
Invitations were sent out to all clubs who had participated within the last 15 years, inviting a representative from each club. Many clubs attended.
Colonel J.W. DeCourcy O’Grady’s competition, completed 100 years to the day on March 2, 1908, when MATCH #1375 was played at the 100th Anniversary Celebration at The Fort Garry Curling Club.
ROLAND played FORT GARRY in the regular scheduled 07-08 match as well as two other special matches to help celebrate the 100 years of competition.
GLENBORO played against PORTAGE LA PRAIRIE, they being the two clubs who challenged the most and also had the most curlers take part over the 100 years.
GRANITE played THISTLE, these being two of the first clubs to compete in the competition.
Following the curling, and prior to a delicious buffet, invited guests from the province and the City brought greetings and favourable compliments to the celebration. M.C.A. President, Dale Brooks spoke Briefly.
Hall of Fame President, FRED SUTTON attended and the Trustees thanked Fred for having the beautiful O’Grady Trophy on display, which drew much attention. The program was emceed by BOB PICKEN, in which he gave a brief history of the O’Grady Challenge competition. The Trustees had the help of Mr. Keith Forbes in the designing of a beautiful 100th Anniversary pin. All curlers who took part in the 07-08 schedule and all anniversary curling participants and guests received a pin.
We believe Colonel O’Grady would be happy and pleased how well his dream has been accepted over 100 years of competition. Thank you to all clubs and curlers who have participated and kept this great competition going for 100 years and we hope that the clubs and young, up and coming curlers will carry this competition on for years to come.
The following comments in a club match as up-dated from the 50th annual bonspiel booklet of 1938 reads as follows:
“During 30 years (now 100) in competition the trophy has more than fulfilled the wishes of Colonel O’Grady for the promotion of Inter-Club matches. It is hoped “The Buffalo” will continue to roam the prairies, sponsoring good sportsmanship and fellowship among present and succeeding generation of curlers”.
“Senator” O’Dowda, Secretary of the Elmwood Curling Club summed it up best with his comments in MATCH #344 in 1943 – “We, the members of the Elmwood Club were very sorry to lose the O’Grady Trophy because it was the means of bringing together not only the members of our club, but also offered us the chance to meet and enjoy the company of our fellow curlers from out of town”. | history |
https://srewang.com/featured/a-brief-history-of-fabric-architectural-structures/ | 2024-02-23T17:06:56 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474440.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20240223153350-20240223183350-00535.warc.gz | 0.957562 | 469 | CC-MAIN-2024-10 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__151731094 | en | From its humblest beginning as the most basic of shelters, the fabric structure has come a long way.
A long history
Although the temporary nature of fabric shelters means there is little pre-historical archaeological evidence, it is thought that humans have been building tents as shelter for over 40,000 years. These comprised animal skins or leaves over poles – usually wooden, although people would have used whatever was available. In the case of the Eskimo tribes, this would have been whale bones.
Easy to build and dismantle, fabric structures were perfect for the nomadic lifestyle of our ancestors, many of whom eventually settled in more permanent buildings. There are still many nomadic communities that use tents today, such as the black tents of the North African Bedouin, the Mongolian yurts, and the tipi of the First Nation tribes of North America, although the latter are generally only used for ceremonial purposes.
Even after western society became settled in permanent structures, fabric structures played a big role in military campaigns by providing temporary shelter for armies on the move; for example, picture the Roman encampments portrayed in film. Tents and other fabric shelters are still used by armies across the world.
The use of these structures in mainstream architecture and construction started at the end of the 19th century. Russian engineer Vladimir Shukhov designed a steel-clad metal frame tensile structure for the structural engineering pavilion at the Nizhny Novgorod exhibition in 1896 and German architect Frei Otto further championed the use of tensile structures at the German Pavilion at Expo 67 in Montreal and the 1972 Munich Olympic Stadium.
Advances in modern engineering have led to lighter, stronger metals and – more importantly – stronger and more sophisticated architectural fabrics that can withstand the elements, as seen in projects involving fabric structures by Fabric Architecture and other suppliers. This has led to fabric structures, which can be far more versatile and cost effective than a permanent building, being used more and more frequently and for more varied purposes.
Today, in addition to the tensile structure’s most basic form of the tent, we have more sophisticated fabric architectural structures such as Greenwich’s O2 Arena. This is a far cry from your two-man tent, but the principal remains the same – fabric stretched over a frame and secured. | history |
https://www.koi-fish.com/secret-hidden-cave | 2024-04-21T16:55:03 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817790.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20240421163736-20240421193736-00044.warc.gz | 0.990699 | 486 | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__66393326 | en | The koi named Akira had always been fascinated by the large pond in which she lived. It was a beautiful place with sparkling water, colorful flowers, and the sound of the waterfall in the distance. But one day, as she was swimming near the edge of the pond, she noticed something peculiar. There was a small opening in the rocks, hidden beneath the water's surface.
Curiosity getting the better of her, Akira decided to investigate. She swam towards the opening and squeezed herself through the narrow gap. As she emerged on the other side, she found herself in a dark and mysterious cave.
The walls of the cave were adorned with ancient symbols and markings, and as Akira swam deeper into the cave, she felt a sense of wonder and excitement. She had never seen anything like this before. But as she explored further, she discovered something even more remarkable.
At the end of the cave, there was a large stone tablet with a message inscribed in it. It read, "This pond was created by our ancestors, who dedicated their lives to building this place. It is a symbol of our family's history and legacy."
Akira was stunned. She had never heard of her family having such a rich history before. She had always thought of herself as just another fish in the pond, but now she realized that there was so much more to her family's story.
Determined to learn more, Akira set out to uncover the secrets of her family's past. She spent hours each day exploring the pond and the surrounding area, talking to other fish and learning everything she could about her family's history.
Through her efforts, Akira discovered that her family had a long and proud history of building and maintaining the pond. They had dedicated their lives to creating a place of beauty and tranquility, where people could come to escape the stresses of everyday life.
Akira was proud to be a part of this legacy, and she knew that she had a responsibility to carry on her family's traditions. She continued to explore the pond and the surrounding area, always seeking new knowledge and insights about her family's history.
In the end, Akira knew that she had found her true purpose in life. She was a guardian of the pond, a keeper of the family's legacy, and a symbol of the enduring power of family and tradition. And she was proud to be a koi. | history |
https://www.logantoursinc.com/about/ | 2024-03-03T16:52:21 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947476396.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20240303142747-20240303172747-00633.warc.gz | 0.979078 | 288 | CC-MAIN-2024-10 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__18357522 | en | About Logan Tours
We are a small, local tour company located in Butler, PA that specializes in organizing student trips to Washington, D.C. and Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. Logan Tours has been organizing student tours for over 50 years. The company was started in 1963 as Washington & PA Tours by Cliff Logan, a history teacher at the Butler Jr. High. He saw it as a way to bring ‘History to Life’ for his students. The trips were so successful that teachers from other schools soon began asking Cliff Logan to organize trips for their students and the company was born.
When Cliff retired from teaching in the late 90’s, his daughter took the reins. Rebecca Green was a high school Math teacher, but it turns out she was good at social studies and government, too! Since then, she has become terrific at organizing and managing student and sightseeing tours. In 2018, Rebecca renamed the company, “Logan Tours,” both because it has grown beyond those two locales, and to honor her father’s legacy.
Logan Tours tailors each trip to meet your school’s specific needs. The core of each trip includes transportation to and from the destination, chaperones, hotel accommodations, all meals and admission to all attractions on the itinerary.
REBECCA GREEN, Owner
142 Bryson Road
Butler, PA. 16001 | history |
https://www.gleegum.com/learn-more/candy-histories/the-sticky-history-of-chewing-gum/ | 2022-01-16T18:19:01 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-05/segments/1642320300010.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220116180715-20220116210715-00164.warc.gz | 0.962005 | 1,211 | CC-MAIN-2022-05 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-05__0__129917751 | en | The Maya People
To trace the custom of chewing for pleasure to its source, we must look to the ancient Maya people of Central America. Originating in the Yucatan around 2600 B.C.E., they rose to prominence around 250 C.E. in the area now known as southern Mexico, Guatemala, western Honduras, El Salvador, and northern Belize. Building on the inherited inventions and ideas of earlier civilizations like the Olmec, the Maya developed astronomy, an intricate calendar, and hieroglyphic writing.
The Maya were also noted for elaborate and highly decorated ceremonial architecture, including temple-pyramids, palaces, and observatories, all built without metal tools or use of the wheel. They were expert weavers and potters, and to hawk their wares they cleared routes through jungles and swamps, fostering extensive trade networks with distant peoples in the process. The Maya were equally skilled farmers, clearing large sections of tropical rain forest to plant food crops like corn, beans, and squash, as well as hemp, cotton and sapodilla trees.
The Maya boiled the sap of the sapodilla tree to a sticky mass, a substance we today know as chicle. For the Maya, its uses were many. They used it in making blowguns and as a strong glue in crafts and architecture. It was an article of trade and was frequently used in religious rituals. Maya boys chewed it, calling the stuff cha. The Maya abandoned their cities for mysterious reasons around the year 800 C.E., but fortunately for us, they retained their custom of chewing chicle.
Flash forward a few hundreds of years, because 1869 marks the year that modern day gum products were born. The famous Mexican General, Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna (remember the Alamo?) was looking for a way to commercially exploit the properties of chicle. Unaware of its chewable virtues, Santa Anna originally hoped chicle could be exported as a rubber substitute. So he passed it along to American inventor Thomas Adams. Adams found chicle unsuitable as a base for rubber, but realized its potential as a chewing gum after boiling it and rolling it in sugar. His boiled chicle vastly outsold all other varieties of gum available at the time, and thus revolutionized the industry.
Though Adams can be credited with the invention of chicle-based chewing gum, it was William Wrigley who built an empire on it. By 1893 Wrigley contracted the Zeno Gum Corporation to make the two main brands still available today – Wrigley’s ‘Juicy Fruit’ and ‘Spearmint.’ His marketing of these products was remarkably innovative and defiant of convention: a mile-long sign composed of one hundred and seventeen billboards between Atlantic City and Trenton, New Jersey, a huge collection of placards and electric signs in Times Square, and a campaign of free samples for millions of storekeepers and salesmen. The campaign was a resounding success, and the chewing of gum became a national addiction. The increasing consumption of chewing gum in the United States meant an increasing demand for chicle from the Peten.
Chicleros, or Sapodilla tree-tappers, began to immigrate into the region from neighboring zones such as Veracruz, Chiapas, Yucatan state and Belize. These workers in the forest economy began to enjoy greater economic freedom from the oppressive Mexican state and the Yucateca elite. Whole villages came to rely on the production of chicle; the village of Uaxactun, for example, arose around an airstrip that was visited daily by small aircraft from the Wrigley’s company, collecting chicle for export to the Unite States. In 1943, México exported 8,165 tons of chicle to the United States, the largest amount in the industry’s history. However, this boom was short lived; during World War Two, the shortage of chewing gum base forced manufacturers to develop synthetic gum resins, which gradually replaced chicle as a gum base. The market for chewing gum has grown remarkably through the years, from a yearly consumption in the United States of 39 sticks per person in 1914 to 200 sticks per person today. Gum made from synthetic materials makes up the majority of this expanding industry. However, chicle is still being harvested today in Guatemala, Belize and Mexico for use in high quality gums in Asia.
From September to January, a time of torrential rains in the Peten, skilled laborers called chicleros hike out to remote parts of the rainforest, seeking either virgin Sapodilla trees or those that were tapped many years prior. They climb up the long trunk of the tree and make a series of diagonal cuts with their machete, taking care to cut only deep enough to allow the white sap to bleed out, but not deep enough to expose the tree to insects or infection. The sap runs down the tree in the grooves cut out by the machete, and collects at the base of the tree in a small canvas sack left by the chiclero. At the end of the day, chicleros collect these sacks. Each tapping only yields about 2.5 pounds of liquid over a six-hour period, and a chiclero will tap 6-12 trees a day in order to make his quota.
The key ingredient to Glee Gum is chicle. Glee Gum is actually one of the only gums in the United States made with chicle. Using chicle helps protect the rainforest and provide sustainable subsistence for the people that live there. Without non-timber forest products like chicle, the trees in the forest would be cut down systematically, as their only commercial value would be as logs. So consider that the next time you choose your chewing gum, and chew-se wisely!
Wanna See the Process from Tree to Glee? | history |
https://helpinghandscannabis.com/boulder-dispensary-chronicles-a-historical-journey-through-cannabis-culture/ | 2023-12-03T20:43:44 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100508.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20231203193127-20231203223127-00777.warc.gz | 0.925275 | 1,179 | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__234752534 | en | Take a trip through time as you explore the fascinating history of cannabis culture in Boulder. In this article, we’ll delve into the countercultural beginnings, the milestones that led to legalization, and the iconic dispensaries that shaped the industry, including the renowned Boulder dispensary. Get ready to immerse yourself in Boulder’s vibrant cannabis scene and discover the innovations and trends that are shaping the future of the industry. It’s time to embark on a historical journey like no other.
Early Beginnings: Cannabis in Boulder’s Countercultural Movement
In the early beginnings of Boulder’s countercultural movement, you’ll find cannabis playing a prominent role in shaping the community’s values and beliefs. The vibrant flower, also known as marijuana, became a symbol of rebellion and freedom for the residents of Boulder. As the counterculture grew, so did the demand for cannabis, leading to the establishment of dispensaries along Pearl Street. These dispensaries became gathering places for like-minded individuals, fostering a sense of community and camaraderie.
The availability of cannabis allowed people to explore alternative forms of spirituality and self-expression. It became a catalyst for artistic expression and a way to connect with nature. The influence of cannabis on Boulder’s countercultural movement cannot be overstated; it sparked a revolution of ideas and paved the way for a more open-minded and accepting society.
Milestones and Legalization: The Evolution of Cannabis Laws in Boulder
You’re probably curious about how cannabis laws have evolved over the years in this city. Well, let me tell you, Boulder has had quite the journey. Back in the day, marijuana was strictly illegal, and the idea of a licensed dispensary seemed like a far-fetched dream. But things started to change in 2000 when Colorado legalized medical marijuana. This prompted the opening of the first licensed dispensaries in Boulder, providing much-needed relief to patients.
Fast forward to 2012, and recreational marijuana became legal in Colorado. Boulder quickly embraced this change and witnessed the emergence of numerous recreational dispensaries, including the popular Boulder Recreational Dispensary. Today, Boulder’s cannabis laws continue to evolve, with a focus on regulation and responsible use. So, if you’re looking for a cannabis experience, rest assured that Boulder has got you covered.
Iconic Dispensaries: Exploring the Pioneers of Boulder’s Cannabis Industry
When it comes to exploring the pioneers of the cannabis industry in Boulder, Helping Hands Dispensary stands as a prominent name. Located on Pearl Street, Helping Hands Dispensary Boulder has been a trailblazer in the cannabis movement, offering a diverse selection of high-quality cannabis products. With a dedicated and knowledgeable staff, they are committed to providing a safe and educational experience for their customers.
Whether you’re a seasoned connoisseur or a curious newcomer, you can rely on Helping Hands Dispensary Boulder to assist you in navigating their extensive menu and finding the perfect product for your needs. And the best part? They offer competitive prices, ensuring that you receive the utmost value for your money. So, why wait? Pay a visit to Helping Hands Dispensary on Pearl Street and immerse yourself in the rich history and culture of Boulder’s cannabis industry, with Helping Hands leading the way.
Cannabis Culture and Community: a Look Into Boulder’s Vibrant Cannabis Scene
Immerse yourself in the vibrant cannabis scene of this city and discover the tight-knit community that surrounds it. Boulder’s cannabis culture is like no other, with a rich history and a thriving present. Here are three things you can expect when exploring the vibrant cannabis scene in Boulder:
- Community: The cannabis community in Boulder is incredibly supportive and welcoming. Whether you’re a seasoned connoisseur or new to the scene, you’ll find people who are passionate about sharing their knowledge and experiences.
- Boulder Dispensaries: From the iconic pioneers to the innovative newcomers, Boulder’s dispensaries offer a wide range of products and experiences. Each dispensary has its own unique vibe and selection, making it exciting to explore them all.
- Historical Journey: Boulder has played a significant role in the cannabis movement, and you can embark on a fascinating historical journey as you learn about the city’s contribution to cannabis culture. From early activism to groundbreaking research, Boulder has left its mark on the industry.
The Future of Cannabis: Innovations and Trends Shaping Boulder’s Industry
As you explore, you’ll discover the exciting innovations and trends that are shaping the future of the cannabis industry in this vibrant city. Boulder is at the forefront of the cannabis revolution, offering a wide selection of high-quality products that cater to every preference and need. The dispensary experience here is unlike any other, with knowledgeable staff who can guide you through the vast array of cannabis products available.
From edibles to topicals, concentrates to flower, the options are endless. Boulder’s commitment to providing top-notch customer service and a diverse selection of products ensures that you’ll find exactly what you’re looking for. As the future of cannabis continues to evolve, Boulder remains at the forefront, embracing new technologies and practices that will shape the industry for years to come.
Boulder’s cannabis culture has come a long way, from its early beginnings in the countercultural movement to the milestones of legalization. The city’s iconic dispensaries have played a crucial role in shaping the industry and creating a vibrant cannabis community. With ongoing innovations and trends, Boulder’s cannabis future looks promising, as it continues to evolve and embrace the ever-changing landscape of the industry. | history |
https://www.womenshealthcouncil.org.nz/judi-strid/ | 2023-04-01T20:34:23 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296950247.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20230401191131-20230401221131-00428.warc.gz | 0.983276 | 1,108 | CC-MAIN-2023-14 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-14__0__146123939 | en | Judi was a truly remarkable woman, a leader and one of the most effective change agents in the maternity sector in New Zealand during the 1980s and 1990s. I met Judi in the mid-1980s and we soon became friends and colleagues as we joined and/or established consumer groups and worked on numerous issues of concern in the maternity sector. Judi was an inspiring and hard-working member of the Home Birth movement, Save the Midwives and Maternity Action, as well as many other groups.
In 1986 she helped form, and then led, the Direct-Entry Midwifery Task Force whose aim was to see the establishment of a direct-entry midwifery programme in New Zealand. Over the next four years Judi led this hugely successful campaign. On 29 November 1987, taskforce members met with Marilyn Waring to discuss strategies for achieving the goal of getting a specialist midwifery training course of a high standard that would be both appropriate to New Zealand and which would also be recognised internationally. As co-ordinator of the Task Force, Judi inspired and motivated the rest of us with her passion and enthusiasm for the cause, and over the next few years we vigorously lobbied MPs, wrote letters, applied for funding, produced submissions, networked with other women, researched overseas midwifery training programmes and attended conferences both in New Zealand and overseas. Without Judi’s commitment and countless hours of unpaid work we would not have achieved as much as we did. The passing of the Nurses Amendment Act in August 1990 was an overwhelming victory for all those involved in this campaign.
Few midwives today, and probably not one pregnant woman choosing a midwife to care for her, know just how much they owe to Judi Strid.
The Auckland Women’s Health Council was formed in July 1988 following a number of informal meetings about women’s health issues held in the early months of that year. Judi was a founding member of the AWHC, which became an incorporated society in September 1989. She was the first paid co-ordinator of the AWHC, taking on the job after funding had been obtained after the demands of the AWHC’s work became more than could be done by Sue Neal, our volunteer secretary. Judi worked tirelessly for the Council, organising fundraising book fairs, writing grant applications, attending hundreds of meetings including those of the newly formed Auckland Area Health Board. She also played a major role in the formation of the Federation of Women’s Health Councils in 1990 and subsequently worked in a volunteer role as the first convenor of the Federation for several years.
Judi was also involved in the hui on maternity services consumer representation held at the Manukau Institute of Technology in Otara on Saturday 25 November 1989. The meeting was attended by around 50 women and Task Force members, Ray Naden, Anne Nightingale, Sam Denny and Yvonne Underhill-Sem. The result of this meeting was the formation of the Auckland Maternity Services Consumer Council in 1990.
Debbie Payne, the first convenor of the Maternity Services Consumer Council, said that the MSCC was Judi’s brain-child in that it was her idea to set it up as an umbrella group similar to the Federation of Women’s Health Councils. Judi helped Debbie set up the first meeting of the MSCC Steering Group in 1991 and for the first year MSCC meetings took place in Debbie’s home as Debbie was on a year’s maternity leave at the time.
At the beginning of 1995 Judi resigned from both the AWHC and the Federation of Women’s Health Councils.
She then went on to set up the Women’s Health Information Unit at National Women’s Hospital in Epsom where she became renowned for her commitment to ensuring women (and health professionals) had access to the latest evidence-based information on a wide range of women’s health issues. She also became a member of the Women’s Health Action Trust, a position she held until 2001.
Judi was appointed Director of Advocacy at the office of the Health and Disability Commissioner in 2004, a position she held until November 2014. She was a tireless champion of health and disability consumer advocacy and of the Code of Rights in her role as Director. Judi also served as the HDC representative on the National Quality Improvement Committee, where she championed the consumer voice, alongside Jean Hera, the consumer representative from the Palmerston North Women’s Health Collective. Jean said Judi was a great support to her in this role.
In 2005 Judi was made a Member of the New Zealand Order of Merit (MNZM) for her services to women’s health.
On Thursday 26 February 2015 Judi Strid died at home following a four-year battle with cancer. She was 59 years old, the mother of five children and three grandchildren. Judi was a very private person, and always refused any attention or acknowledgement of her many achievements. She would definitely not have approved of this tribute to her. However, as others have observed “a great kauri has fallen” and those left behind want to celebrate the life and untimely death of this unique, determined and very humble woman. | history |
https://www.richardjohnstone-bryden.co.uk/hms-cavalier-destroyer-1944/ | 2024-04-16T13:28:07 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817095.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20240416124708-20240416154708-00152.warc.gz | 0.965355 | 1,735 | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__54592817 | en | The 6th volume in Seaforth Publishing’s acclaimed Historic Ships series is devoted to the UK’s sole remaining wartime destroyer, HMS Cavalier. Preserved in The Historic Dockyard, Chatham, she acts as a permanent memorial to more than 11,000 men who lost their lives in the 142 Royal Navy destroyers that were sunk during WWII. One of 96 Emergency Programme destroyers that were ordered between 1940 and 1942, Cavalier was built by J Samuel White & Co on the Isle of Wight.
The laying of her keel took place on 28 February 1943 followed by her launching on 7 April 1944. As completed in November 1944, Cavalier boasted a main armament of four 4.5 inch guns, a standard displacement of 1,710 tons and a top speed of 31 knots. She subsequently joined the Home Fleet’s 6th Destroyer Flotilla and participated in anti shipping, minelaying and minesweeping operations in Norwegian waters. In late February 1945 she sailed from Scapa Flow to reinforce the escort of the westbound Arctic Convoy RA64 which had been battered by hurricane force winds, torpedo bombers and U-boats. Her involvement in the final stages of this convoy’s passage led to the award of her sole battle honour “Arctic 1945”. She spent the remaining months of the European war operating in the Western Approaches as an escort to several famous liners including Queen Mary, Queen Elizabeth and Aquitannia during the initial and final stages of their transatlantic trooping voyages. After V E Day, she underwent a brief refit in Rosyth to prepare for service within the British Pacific Fleet. However, the dropping of the atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki brought the conflict to a close before the destroyer left home waters and triggered her reassignment to the East Indies Station where she arrived on 29 September 1945 to help re-establish order in the troubled region.
On 10 November, Cavalier participated in the occupation of Soerabaya, Java by bombarding dissident Indonesian nationalists who had failed to respond to the Allied ultimatum to surrender. Three months later, she formed part of Force 64 to deal with unrest in the Royal Indian Navy by visiting Indian ports along the Indian West Coast between February and April before heading back to the UK to pay off in to the reserve fleet. Her future hung in the balance until 1955 when she was moved to Southampton to undergo a two year modernisation at the Thornycroft shipyard. The work included the fitting of a new open bridge to the same design as those fitted to the larger Daring class, an enlarged operations room, improved radar equipment, the replacement of one 4.5 in gun with twin squid anti submarine mortars and a revised close range armament of two single and one twin 40mm Bofors guns. On completion of the work, Cavalier’s primary roles included screening heavy forces against attack by submarines, aircraft and light forces as well as attacking enemy light forces and trade. Her secondary roles consisted of attacking heavy ships with torpedoes and participating in combined operations.
When she rejoined the Fleet in July 1957 Cavalier sailed once more for the Far East where she remained until 1963. Her programme mainly consisted of exercises and goodwill visits across the region. One of the most notable events of this time occurred in April 1958 when Cavalier joined the Grapple Squadron to patrol the waters off Christmas Island during the hydrogen bomb tests. Further drama was sparked by the outbreak of an armed rebellion in Brunei, Sarawak and North Borneo on 8 December 1962 against the formation of Malaysia. Cavalier had just left Australia waters at the end of a successful goodwill visit when she received orders to proceed to Singapore at high speed and embark The Queen’s Own Highlanders complete with their vehicles and stores. On reaching Brunei, Cavalier disembarked the troops and acted as a communications HQ ship while members of crew guarded 400 captured rebels ashore until the destroyer was relieved by the cruiser HMS Tiger. She returned to the UK in May 1963 to pay off into reserve and await a decision on her future in Chatham Dockyard.
A year later she was taken in tow from Chatham to be refitted in Gibraltar when she lost her bows in a collision with the 17,905 ton Liberian registered tanker Burgan in the English Channel on 21 May 1964. Fortunately, there were no casualties among the destroyer’s skeleton crew and the virtually unscathed Burgan continued with her voyage to Rotterdam. However, Cavalier had to be towed stern first to Portsmouth Dockyard for emergency repairs.
She recommissioned in 1966 for a brief spell with the Home Fleet before sailing for the Far East in May 1967. Her last deployment East of Suez included two Beira patrols to enforce the embargo on shipments of oil to Rhodesia. Following her return to the UK on 30 May 1968 she spent the remainder of her active service operating in Home Waters and the Mediterranean. While acting as planeguard to the aircraft carrier HMS Ark Royal during a major exercise on 8 September 1970, Cavalier received orders to assist the coaster St Brandon which had caught fire in rough weather in the Bristol Channel. The French trawler Henri Callogh rescued the crew before Cavalier’s arrival so the destroyer stood by the blazing coaster to warn other shipping and report on whether she sank. Despite the force 10 winds, a boarding party managed to secure a tow line on 10 September and brought her into Milford Haven a day later. The Admiralty Courts subsequently ruled that the Ship’s Company was entitled to a salvage award of £11,000 to be distributed among those who were onboard during the operation.
The same exercise also led to Cavalier receiving a challenge from HMS Rapid to establish which one could claim to be the fastest in the Fleet. Although Rapid had been converted from a wartime R class destroyer into a frigate, she retained the same hull form and machinery as Cavalier, thereby creating an evenly matched contest. Cavalier reached a maximum speed of 31.8 knots to narrowly win the 64 mile race on 6 July 1971 by just 30 yards. Despite this impressive performance, the veteran destroyer was nearing the end of her career, in which she steamed 564,140 miles, and paid off for the last time in Chatham Dockyard on 6 July 1972.
Admiral of the Fleet Earl Mountbatten of Burma led the campaign to preserve Cavalier. She was purchased by The HMS Cavalier Trust for £65,000 in 1977 and opened to the public in Southampton in 1982. Sadly, this scheme ended in failure as did successive plans to preserve her in Brighton and Tyneside. Time appeared to be running out by 1998 when The Historic Dockyard, Chatham stepped in at the eleventh hour with the help of a £1.6 million grant from the National Heritage Memorial Fund. She underwent £1million of repairs on Tyneside before leaving under tow for Chatham where she arrived on 16 May 1999. Three days later, she entered No 2 dry dock, the site of the Old Single Dock where Lord Nelson’s flagship HMS Victory was built. Tours of the upper decks began soon after her arrival while The Historic Dockyard’s employed conservation team and dedicated volunteers started work to enable more parts of the ship to be opened to the public. Visitors were finally allowed down below in August 2001 following the completion of the forward messdeck’s restoration.
The wholehearted support of the preservation team’s staff and volunteers enabled Richard to take an extensive series of colour images of the Ship’s exterior and internal compartments, including a number of areas that are closed to the public. A significant proportion of the book is devoted to these images which take the reader on a unique illustrated tour of the ship from bow to stern and deck-by-deck, thereby creating the most comprehensive visual record and explanation of the ship that exists.
Title: HMS Cavalier Destroyer 1944
Foreword by: Richard Holdsworth MBE
Publisher: Seaforth Publishing
Format: Soft Back
Publication Date: 2015
Number of Published Pages: 128
Number of Images:
Remarks: In print – available direct from Seaforth Publishing, The Historic Dockyard, Chatham and in all good bookshops (both online and on a high street near you). | history |
https://www.dancing-times.co.uk/issue_one/ | 2022-05-16T09:03:04 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-21/segments/1652662510097.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220516073101-20220516103101-00018.warc.gz | 0.954762 | 145 | CC-MAIN-2022-21 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-21__0__266494806 | en | Posted on March 2, 2012
We thought readers of Dancing Times and Dance Today might want to take a look at the first ever issue of Dancing Times published in October 1910. The editor was Philip J S Richardson, who continued to work for the magazine until his retirement in 1958.
He was instrumental in the founding of the Royal Academy of Dancing (now Dance), the Camargo Society for the encouragement and presentation of British ballet (1930-33), and the British Board of Ballroom Dancing (now the British Dance Council), which codified the technique and controls the standard of “English style” of Ballroom dancing.
We hope you enjoy having a look!
All material copyright Dancing TImes Ltd | history |
https://sentrorizal.ncca.gov.ph/sentro-rizal-new-york-inaugurated/ | 2024-03-03T19:19:03 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947476397.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20240303174631-20240303204631-00669.warc.gz | 0.924982 | 688 | CC-MAIN-2024-10 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__91853325 | en | Consul General Elmer G. Cato (second from right), and Chairperson Arsenio J. Lizaso of the National Commission for Culture and the Arts (second from left) unveil the Sentro Rizal marker at the Philippine Center on Thursday, 06 January 2022. Witnessing the event are Ms. Maria Luisa Tinio Bayot, a descendant of Dr. Jose P. Rizal, and Deputy Consul General Arman R. Talbo. The Sentro Rizal New York is the 36th such center in the world, and the 7th in the United States. It will be at the forefront of cultural diplomacy efforts of the Consulate at the United States northeast. (Photo by Federico A. Silao, Jr.)
New York, 06 January 2022 – The Philippine Consulate General in New York received a big boost in its cultural diplomacy efforts with the inauguration of the Sentro Rizal at the Philippine Center in Manhattan on Thursday, 6 January 2021.
The Sentro Rizal New York was launched in simple ceremonies led by Consul General Elmer G. Cato and Chairperson Arsenio J. Lizaso of the National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA) and attended by members of the Filipino Community.
“Sentro Rizal serves as a platform to reignite our Filipino pride and strengthen the Filipino identity,” Consul General Elmer G. Cato said. “It is our hope that Sentro Rizal New York will reinforce the ties that bind our kababayan in the United States with our inang bayan.”
Consul General Cato also expressed his appreciation to Chairperson Lizaso for his commitment to support the various cultural projects of the Philippine Consulate General.
“Now that we have the Sentro Rizal New York, the NCCA can make available to the Philippine Consulate General the resources it needs to effectively carry out its cultural diplomacy programs in the East Coast,” said Chairperson Lizaso.
As part of the inauguration ceremony, Consul General Cato and Chairperson Lizaso signed a Memorandum of Understanding outlining the commitments of both the Philippine Consulate General and NCAA in ensuring the success of the Sentro Rizal New York.
The signing of the MOU was witnessed by Deputy Consul General Arman R. Talbo; Maria Luisa Tinio Bayot, a descendant of Dr. Jose Rizal; and officials of the Knights of Rizal in the Eastern Region led by Atty. Ferdinand Suba.
The Sentro Rizal New York was inaugurated 12 years after the passage of the National Cultural Heritage Act of 2009 that provided for the establishment of Philippine centers to promote Filipino art, culture, and language among members of the Filipino diaspora.
It is the 36th Sentro Rizal in the world and the seventh in the United States after those at the Philippine Embassy in Washington, D.C. and the Philippine Consulates General in Agana, Chicago, Honolulu, Los Angeles, and San Francisco.
Consul General Cato said the Sentro Rizal New York will serve as repository of Filipiniana materials in the form of books, CDs, and artworks to allow the public to fully immerse themselves into the Filipino culture. | history |
https://carpentunes.com/the-coquina-rock-band/ | 2024-04-16T13:35:54 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817095.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20240416124708-20240416154708-00009.warc.gz | 0.991443 | 506 | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__149397368 | en | In 1980, Mike was playing with a band that included drummer Steve Fillicelli. As often happens, musicians would come and go for various reasons. Eventually, Steve left the band and a new drummer was recruited. Some months later, Mike also left, but he wasn’t idle for very long.
He was contacted by Steve, and asked if he was interested in joining the band that Steve was currently playing in, as their bassist was leaving shortly to move north and go back to school. Mike agreed, and this led to him becoming a member of the Coquina Rock Band.
The CRB had been started a year before by Mark Watson and his sister Jill, both of whom were excellent vocalists, with Mark also playing keyboards and a bit of guitar, while Jill contributed the odd guitar or percussion part. They too, had experienced the musical-chair situation with other members.
Their current bass player was Perry Petrone, aka ‘Sonny LaRock’. Perry was also left-handed, so he and Mike had a rapport almost immediately. The two of them had several sessions at Perry’s house in which they went over the bass parts to nearly every song the band played. This was important, since a large part of the band’s repertoire was original music from the Watson siblings (with contributions from a writing partner of Mark’s).
With Mike up to speed, Perry left the band and the CRB was able to carry on without a hitch. During the time Mike was a member, they made a TV appearance on Sunshine Music Hall, a half-hour broadcast on station WMFE in Orlando, Fl.
After several more personnel changes, including a new drummer, the band went into the studio (for the second time; the first occasion was with Perry some months before Mike joined). This resulted in two original tracks, Expendable and Metal On Metal, recorded at a professional eight-track studio in Melbourne, Florida. Except for some live recordings made at a surf festival some months later, these were the only songs captured on tape while Mike was with the band.
Eventually, Mike also left the group, which carried on a while longer then disbanded completely. Mark and Jill went on to work as a country duo for a short time, which ended when Jill moved to Chicago. Mark and Perry both passed away in 2004. Mike and Jill still keep in touch.
For more information, check out the Coquina Rock Band website. | history |
https://missionofsanjose.weebly.com/father-fermin-francisco-de-lasuen.html | 2017-11-18T13:31:19 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-47/segments/1510934804965.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20171118132741-20171118152741-00305.warc.gz | 0.975417 | 107 | CC-MAIN-2017-47 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-47__0__170272079 | en | Father Fermin Francisco
- Father Fermin founded the Mission of San Jose on June 11, 1797.
- Father Fermin was born on June 7, 1736 at Vitoria in Cantabria, Spain.
- He became a Franciscan priest in 1752 and volunteered for the American missions in 1758.
- He had ruddy skin, a pockmarked face, dark eyes and dark curly hair.
- On June 1775, he moved to Monterey but was unhappy in California. | history |
https://www.ccoim.ca/en/the-chamber/our-history/ | 2024-02-23T03:55:46 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474360.86/warc/CC-MAIN-20240223021632-20240223051632-00232.warc.gz | 0.976912 | 645 | CC-MAIN-2024-10 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__188207656 | en | The history of The West Island of Montreal Chamber of Commerce
The following is a brief history of The West Island of Montreal Chamber of Commerce (WIMCC) from its beginning in January 1978 to the present.
The Dorval and Pointe-Claire Chambers of Commerce had been successful organizations within their respective communities for many years.
As the West Island of Montreal began to grow in the 60’s and 70’s, the Directors of both the Dorval and Pointe-Claire Chambers decided the time was right to consider the formation of one West Island of Montreal Chamber of Commerce. One Chamber that could offer expanded services to the industrial, commercial and community interests for the benefit of the entire West Island of Montreal.
Our Charter was granted to include all the municipalities from Lachine to the West of the Island. There was one exception to this: Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue had a Chamber of Commerce, but eventually joined with The West Island of Montreal Chamber of Commerce.
Both the Dorval and the Pointe Claire Chambers have had excellent relationships with their officials.
As The West Island of Montreal Chamber of Commerce came into existence – this first class relationship continued – and expanded to the other West Island municipalities.
The West Island of Montreal Chamber of Commerce was fortunate in that the Pointe-Claire Chamber had two excellent fund-raising projects that had been going on for 10 years prior to amalgamation. One of these was the Annual Industrial Exhibition held each spring at the Fairview Shopping Centre. This Exhibition enabled local industry and businesses to publicize their products, services, etc. and at the same time was a revenue producer for the Chamber. The other was the Auto-Ex held each fall at Fairview.
As the Chamber grew, it was found necessary to have staff to provide ongoing services to the membership. A Manager and a Secretary were hired. Fairview generously provided accommodations at no cost to the Chamber.
In October 1982 the Chamber sponsored the West Island Economic Summit, which brought together 95 people representing various sectors of the West Island economy including all levels of government.
Many of the topics that were raised at the Summit are now being realized. Perhaps the best example of this was the creation of the West Island Business Development Council.
In early 1986, the Council hired an Industrial Commissioner and a Secretary. As you know, much activity has been going on in the area. Most of the cities and towns of the West Island plus a grant from the Provincial Government finance this Development Council.
In 1985 the Chamber initiated the Accolades program to foster pride and productivity in West Island businesses and industries by acknowledging special achievements.
This program was very well received and supported. The program was also held the year after with even greater enthusiasm and support that in the previous year. It was a gala event in all respects.
The Chamber’s first Finance Show was held in January 1986 at Fairview. Good support for this effort was provided by the financial and business organizations.
The Chamber has been fortunate to have men and women who have given generously of their time and talent as well as count on the great financial and services support of numerous business partners. | history |
http://taraweralegacy.co.nz/history-of-rotorua/ | 2020-09-27T01:32:43 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-40/segments/1600400249545.55/warc/CC-MAIN-20200926231818-20200927021818-00650.warc.gz | 0.968532 | 395 | CC-MAIN-2020-40 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-40__0__86790162 | en | For generations the Tuhourangi people lived in the shadow of Mount Tarawera, the enigmatic mountain that looms above the lake of the same name.
Nearby Lake Rotomahana, was the focus of a 19th century tourist boom. Rotomahana was the site of a spectacular geothermal phenomenon – a vast expanse of silica formations that became world famous as the Pink and White Terraces.
In the neighboring village of Te Wairoa, the Tuhourangi people prospered from ever increasing visitors to their land to view this natural wonder of the world.
It was a way of life that was to end abruptly in the early hours of June 10, 1886. Without warning, Mount Tarawera became violently active and in the hours that followed a choking layer of scoria, ash and mud buried the surrounding landscape. Many of the villages close to the mountain disappeared without trace and the Pink and White Terraces, the livelihood for so many, were obliterated. For the Tuhourangi people these were hours of loss and total devastation.
Family members took in survivors of the eruption at the little village of Whakarewarewa, located in central Rotorua. Whakarewarewa was becoming a popular tourist destination in its own right for its geothermal activity. Most of the Tuhourangi homeless eventually settled at Whakarewarewa where they were able to rebuild their lives and continue welcoming visitors to experience Rotorua’s natural wonders.
Today guests join the descendants of the Tuhorangi people to experience their unique lifestyle and history – a history rich with the traditions and legends of a strong people that survived a long sea voyage to Aotearoa New Zealand. Hear the legends of a people exploring a new land making it their home, living in harmony with a sometimes harsh environment and living with the legacy of the great mountain, Tarawera. | history |
http://victoriasquiltscanada.com/about-history.html | 2017-04-24T01:29:50 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-17/segments/1492917118950.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20170423031158-00053-ip-10-145-167-34.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.976442 | 1,138 | CC-MAIN-2017-17 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-17__0__293836985 | en | Victoria's Quilts Canada (VQC) was established by Betty Giffin of Ottawa in October 1999. She invited a small group of friends to discuss the possibility of groups getting together to make quilts to donate to people living with cancer in Canada. The group started slowly, but the idea gained interest and the group quickly gained momentum.
In its first year, VQC distributed 16 quilts to people with cancer. The following year, it was incorporated as a non-profit organization.
By 2002 and 2003, VQC had already expanded to include more than a dozen Friends Groups in the National Office area and 8 Branches across Canada. The non-quilting volunteer base also grew to include more administrative help. As in the past, the number of quilts requested increased along with public awareness.
2004 was a year of tremendous growth in many ways, and some inevitable struggles. Numerous world events translated into a tough economic climate for many non-profit organizations, including VQC. Fabricland Distributors Inc. and the Ontario Trillium Foundation provided essential capital and operating funds. With this support, the organization was able to worry less about funding and concentrate more on the making and delivery of quilts. This has always been our main focus and the acquisition of the new quilting frames and machines enabled us to provide more quilts to more people in a more timely fashion.
Growth has continued since 2006. Twenty-four Branches now operate across Canada, and twenty Friends Groups make and distribute quilts in the National Office area and to all parts of Canada not currently served by a Branch. In its early years, the Friends Groups in the National Office area were the mainstay of the organization, producing the larger portion of quilts that were distributed. By 2010, production had shifted, with more than half of the quilts being made in the Branches, at a local level.
A very special highlight in 2007 was the delivery of VQC's 10,000th quilt. It had taken ten years to reach this milestone. Three years later, however, the number of quilts delivered across Canada had more than doubled and, in November 2011, the 25,000th quilt was delivered to someone living in Prince Edward Island. In April 2016, VQC reached a new milestone with the delivery of its 50,000th quilt to someone living in Ottawa.
In 2009, VQC created the new Youth Initiatives Program to harness the enthusiasm and power of youth. Groups of young people met on a continuing basis in their high schools or rehabilitation centres to tie and pin quilts, preparing them for the final binding and labelling step, which was then done by VQC's regular member volunteers. The program proved to be a winning proposition, as VQC benefited from an increased supply of quilts, and the young people were able to earn the volunteer credits necessary for high school graduation.
In 2010, the Ontario Trillium Foundation bestowed a very generous grant to accelerate the program's expansion in the Ottawa area during 2011 and 2012, then extended it into 2013. As a result, the program expanded from 5 groups in 2009 to 19 groups in 2014. A milestone to expand the program by involving some 250 students in various groups was also surpassed with the participation of more than 300 students.
The year 2011 was financially challenging, and many changes were implemented in the subsequent two-year period. Financial and accounting practices were tightened, as were budgeting and fundraising activities. Progress was also made in registering our activities in all provinces.
In 2012, the National Office of VQC moved from its previous location (Betty Giffin’s basement) to its current rented site in Heartwood House, a non-profit, charitable organization that provides affordable, supportive accommodation to 18 non-profit organizations in Ottawa.
In 2013, registration of the VQC trademark was complete. In addition, two new Branches were opened: one in Moosomin (Saskatchewan), the other in Neepawa (Manitoba).
Changes continued in 2014, including establishment of new financial standards for the Branches and the National Office. We also retained the services of an accountant to prepare our yearly financial statements and provide advice, as required. Some Branches were retired and a new Branch opened up in Tignish, Prince Edward Island. This was also the year that National held its first Gayle Madely Memorial Quilt-a-thon to honour Gayle Madely, wife of Steve Madely, a well-known radio personality in Ottawa and long-time supporter of VQC. Gayle was a VQC quilt recipient and found great comfort in her quilt. This event was repeated the next year.
In 2015, VQC continued to grow and expand. Another new Branch opened in Woodstock/Oxford, Ontario and a new, bilingual website was launched. The latter included an online form for requesting quilts to help streamline and manage the increasing demand.
Production and distribution of quilts remain centre stage. VQC is fortunate to have an army of volunteers that works tirelessly behind the scenes: board members, quilt packers and quilt deliverers, group and branch leaders, administrative volunteers and fundraisers.
As founder Betty Giffin continues to say, "With the help of our volunteers, the community and blessings from above, we will continue to provide comfort, both physical and spiritual, to those struggling with cancer, and we will continue to grow until the day that cancer is no longer with us." | history |
http://www.robertandersongallery.com/gallery/reed-bontecou/ | 2019-01-19T03:03:59 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-04/segments/1547583661083.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20190119014031-20190119040031-00188.warc.gz | 0.971292 | 332 | CC-MAIN-2019-04 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-04__0__113757702 | en | Photographers: Reed Bontecou from the Burns Collection
Civil war portraiture of surgeon Reed Bontecou at Harewood Army Hospital, Washington, D.C., 1865 from the Burns Collection. Reed Bontecou was responsible for pioneering, and taking, the largest number of photographs of wounded soldiers during the Civil War and was the single largest contributor of photographs and specimens to the Army Medical Museum and medical publications of the time. His close up images of surgery, anesthesia, and patients posing with their pathological specimens were unique to his time. Many photographs are of patients pre- and post- operation, views of patients showing the progression of specific treatments, or the various stages of diseases. After the war he organized his photographs into albums laying them out, anatomically from head to foot wounds, and loosely alphabetically by soldier’s name.
Bontecou’s images are beautifully posed, and the sitters seem almost serene in his gaze, elevating clinical photography to an art form. They speak a universal language of war, or rather, what it can do in human terms. Bontecou was a master of exposing the nature of the sitter. Beyond the wounds, the amputations, and the gangrene, the subject is presented as naturally as possible. It should be noted that smiling in photographs during this early period was very rare and the subject put on his best expression. Some images are further enhanced by Bontecou’s own red pen, detailing the trajectory of the bullet that impacted on the patient. These images, with the hand drawn lines, were part of his personal Harewood Hospital teaching album. | history |
https://www.jasonandalix.ca/tag/cruise/ | 2024-02-21T11:15:33 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947473472.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20240221102433-20240221132433-00145.warc.gz | 0.972667 | 593 | CC-MAIN-2024-10 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__146263377 | en | Yesterday was our last day of vacation before we both go back to work today and it was a day full of travel, both in a literal sense and in an educational sense. We started with a very early wake-up call at 6:00 AM so we could grab a quick bite of buffet breakfast before our departure from the Freedom of the Seas around 7:15 AM. The departure was handled well, we got our bags quickly and we didn’t have any problems at customs. However, it was sad to leave the giant ship behind which had acted as our home for the past week.
After we cleared customs we started on our last excursion through the cruise, a quick trip north on a bus to NASA’s Kennedy Space Center. We arrived just before they opened at 9:00 AM and stood next to a group who held their hands over their hearts as the American anthem was played at opening. Once we were through the gates Karen, our guide, took us for a tour through the rocket garden, a display of spare and mocked-up rockets and capsules from the Gemini, Mercury and Apollo space programs. After the rocket garden we were taken for a brief tour through an exhibit further outlining the missions for this period.
Our group was then taken to the new, still under construction space shuttle museum where the shuttle Atlantis will be exhibited starting this summer. Already open is the space shuttle launch simulator and if there’s one thing that NASA does a terrific job with (beyond all of the rocket space stuff) it’s their simulators. This example held 45 people and tilted us until our back was lying horizontal on our seat and rocked us around, simulating the launch and g-force effects.
After our time in the simulator we boarded a bus for a tour of the grounds, driving past the historic launch pad 39A where the Apollo 11 mission to the Moon was launched from along with several other Apollo and Space Shuttle missions. We also saw the massive vehicle assembly building (VAB) and several less massive alligators. Our guide was good but also very patriotic, trying the entire time to convince us that the shuttle program was cancelled because the mission was over, not because of any budget/safety issues.
After the tour of the grounds we stopped at the museum dedicated to the Apollo Moon missions and the massive Saturn V rocket. There we were presented with another excellent simulator, this time for an Apollo rocket launch from the KSC control center perspective. Afterwards we had lunch, touched a moon rock took many pictures of the enormous Saturn V rocket and browsed the gift shop before leaving the famous spaceport.
It was then a one hour jaunt to Orlando where we boarded our flight for Minneapolis and then home. It’s always unfortunate for a vacation to be over but it’s also always nice to be home after a long absence. Have a good week everyone!
Jason & Alix | history |
http://saintoliverplunkett.com/shrines.html | 2023-09-26T10:05:28 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510179.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20230926075508-20230926105508-00899.warc.gz | 0.988141 | 8,308 | CC-MAIN-2023-40 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__305004563 | en | Birthplace of Saint Oliver
St. Oliver was born a member of the influential Plunkett clan on all saints day, the 1st of November 1625, at Loughcrew, Oldcastle, Co. Meath. His mother Thomasina was a member of the well-connected Earls of Roscommon family from Roscommon/Meath, and Oliver’s father, John, was the Baron of Loughcrew. His father’s estate comprised over 250 hectares of fine land in and around Loughcrew along with a tower house, adjoining church and a corn mill. It was through Oliver’s mother Thomasina and the Dillon family, that the Plunkett's of Loughcrew had a closer bond with the more senior branches of the aristocratic Plunkett clan in Co. Meath, notably the Earl of Fingal at Killeen castle or the Plunkett’s of Dunsany. He was also connected by birth with the Plunkett’s of County Louth, notably the Baron of Louth, the first nobleman of the archdiocese of Armagh.
Oliver had an elder brother Edward, and three sisters, Katherine, Anne and Mary. During the time of the Cromwellian conquests, while Oliver was still in Rome, the family who had decided to remain Catholic were consequently dispossessed of the estate at Loughcrew. Edward and his family later moved to Co. Louth. Around this time Oliver had written from Rome about Robert Plunkett, a son of the Lord of Loughcrew, describing him as a priest in the Trim area who had amazing stories to tell as he constantly avoided capture in that locality. He may have been another brother of Oliver’s, but was more likely an uncle.
Today, the estate which is owned by the Naper family for over three hundred years, hosts a visitor centre, adventure play grounds and fine gardens which are open to the public.
Nearby, is Sliabh na Caillí, the site of Loughcrew megalithic burial grounds which dates back 5000 years and contains important megalithic art. Of considerable historical importance, the monument is one of the main four passage tombs in Ireland today. St. Oliver as a young boy would have known this site well.
The parish church, at nearby Oldcastle, contains a major bone relic of St. Oliver (right), which was given by the monks of Downside Abbey at the time of St. Oliver’s canonisation in 1975.
The annual celebration in honour of St. Oliver is held each year in Loughcrew, on the first Sunday of July at 3pm.
Saint Oliver's 'Pro-Cathedrals'
Upon his return to Ireland as the Archbishop of Armagh in 1670, St Oliver based himself in north Louth and for several months the locals would have become accustomed to seeing him dressed in disguise as a Captain William Browne, complete with sword, wig and a pair of pistols as befitted an officer. Living in north Louth held several advantages for him, it was in the centre of his Archdiocese and within easier reach of many other dioceses of the northern province. It was on the border of 'Gael' and 'Pale' and this helped him in his work of reaching out to these groups so as to be able to reconcile many of their differences. North Louth was also in an area where the Catholic Baron of Louth, a Plunkett and a distant relative, held some property. He had regained a portion of his estate after the Restoration of King Charles II to the throne and he had already offered to look kindly upon the new Archbishop of Armagh. At Louth Hall, Oliver was given the use of a sheltered room and by old local tradition, it is believed that he had occasion to hide in the ice-house and thick undergrowth near the main house.
Ballybarrack is located on the outskirts of Dundalk and Ardpatrick is located on a hill overlooking Louth village. Both have been described as St. Oliver's pro-cathedrals. Without pillars or spires these tiny churches in rural areas had been overlooked and obviously considered of little value to those who had commandeered almost everything else. They were destined to serve in fine manner however, St. Oliver's humble mission to his flock throughout the 1670's. He lived in both locations, ordained many priests in both small churches and held an important Ulster Church Synod at Ardpatrick in 1678. We know that his homes were not lofty palaces but simple, humble abodes and he wrote on one occasion that his home was a thatched abode with a low ceiling of only seven feet high. That did not confine him however in his hospitality to friend, stranger or visiting priests. In a rural area, safe from prying eyes, there must have been a lot of coming and going at these locations in north Co. Louth.
Ballybarrack church now measures fifteen metres by five metres, but may well have been smaller than this as it is believed that St. Oliver's home was probably situated towards the front of the church alongside the road. At the time of its excavation in the early twentieth century, the top of a sixteenth century thurible was found with a Celtic motif, which is now in Maynooth College Museum. Perhaps someone fleeing from capture, dropped it in haste.
Ardpatrick church was only uncovered in 1935 with the walls still standing at a little over a meter high. This church is even smaller than Ballybarrack, measuring only eight and a half meters by five and a half metres and it must have proved quite a squeeze for many of Archbishop Oliver's church ceremonies. He conducted most of his ordination ceremonies in the north Louth area; the vast majority of these were held in Ardpatrick and Ballybarrack, with Ardpatrick hosting the greater number.
St. Oliver is renowned for his letter writing and his faithful servant James McKenna must have been a regular traveller on the roads around north Louth, discretely delivering or collecting mail from the other dioceses in Ireland, or the post with London, the Internuncio in Brussels or with Rome. The four horses, which St. Oliver owned for a time, must have been kept well exercised as he continued with his visitation to all of the dioceses of the northern province. He frequently travelled to Drogheda and his schools there. He journeyed to meetings with his diocesan priests at Blyke's Inn in Dorsey, Pierce's Inn in Dunleer or further a-field and he frequently visited Dublin. Indeed within months of his return he was summoned to Dublin on at least nine occasions to defend the schools, which he had built at Drogheda. He undertook a lot of missionary activity during the short window of opportunity he had for doing good, including a large number of confirmation ceremonies held across the province, writing: "I did not give repose to brain, pen or even horses these four years, in a vast province of eleven dioceses." Archbishop Oliver must have come to know most of the mass-rocks dotted across the province, but in north Louth, particularly in the Ballybarrack/Ardpatrick area, it would be no exaggeration to say that he must have known every hedge-row and tree.
His brother Edward and family, dispossessed from Loughcrew at the time of the Cromwellian conquests, relocated to Ardpatrick. Local tradition could point to the Archbishops house close to the garden wall of Ardpatrick House. Local tradition also points to an ancient oak tree in which St. Oliver is believed to have hidden and slept and is known locally as 'St. Oliver's Oak' or 'St. Oliver's Bed'. Shortly before his martyrdom, St. Oliver wrote caringly from his prison cell of his brother Edward who was then senile, of his nephews, Jemmy, Joseph and Nicky and of his nieces, Catty and Tomasin. He wrote of their progress in education, without doubt having already played an important part in their formation, just as his priest cousin, Fr. Patrick Plunkett had played such a crucial role in his own early education. Sr. Catherine Plunkett, the first superior of the Siena community, which was founded in Drogheda in 1722, was a relative of St. Oliver and must have been his grandniece and a daughter of one of the above listed nephews. Some three years after the orders foundation, the Relic of the Head of St. Oliver was entrusted to the communities care, where it would remain for the following two hundred difficult years.
While on the run in 1674, Archbishop Oliver drifted further away from north Louth and the area of the Pale and moved into south Armagh, where he endured many hardships, hiding out in caves, attics or in some safe houses. He was subsequently able to resume his work for a few years, albeit discreetly, but storm clouds again gathered in 1678 with the incredible and false revelations of Titus Oates in London. After Archbishop Oliver's arrest in December 1679, he was imprisoned in Dublin Castle and brought to Dundalk for trial on 23rd July of the following year where he spent four days in the Old Dundalk Jail. He raised no objection to the all-Protestant jury, knowing that he himself was well known and respected there. Archbishop Oliver was also denied defence council, but not withstanding these impediments the trial fell through because the prosecution witnesses were themselves wanted men in Dundalk and were afraid to put in an appearance. Archbishop Oliver was required to pay for his food and keep while in prison and he could joke: "I was conducted back to the royal castle of Dublin to my former cell, a very expensive one, but considering the shortness of the time, Dundalk was even more expensive."
The annual Mass and ceremony in honour of St. Oliver is held at Ballybarrack Shrine on the second Sunday of July each year at 3pm.
Downside Abbey, Somerset, England
Saint Oliver and the Benedictine Order
The Benedictine order holds a special place of honour in the story of St. Oliver Plunkett. While in Newgate prison in London, St. Oliver befriended an English Benedictine monk, Fr. Maurus Corker, who proved very helpful to him, becoming in effect his 'anam chara' or faith friend. Fr. Corker provided St. Oliver with Mass requisites and he also heard St. Oliver's confession before his death. Undoubtedly, the martyr's most revealing letters about himself were the ones he penned at this time from his prison cell. Amongst these were letters and notes to Fr. Corker, each of which display a deep spirituality. These are all well preserved and among the cherished possessions of the Benedictine Community at Downside Abbey. It is often said that Fr. Corker possibly enrolled St. Oliver as a Confrater of the Benedictine order. Indeed another Benedictine priest imprisoned with St. Oliver at this time, Fr. Cuthbert Wall, alias Mr Marshall, lent St. Oliver a 'shift' to wear on his way to Tyburn. This garb may well have been a form of habit or scapular to represent the Benedictine order. In any event, St. Oliver saw himself as coming under the obedience of Fr. Corker, who was President of the English Benedictines at the time. St. Oliver left all decisions in his hands, i.e. how the barber would attend to him, whether or not to have a fortifying drink on the day of execution, the drafting of his final speech and finally he left his clothes, possessions and his body to be at Fr. Corker's 'will and pleasure'.
After his martyrdom at Tyburn, St. Oliver's remains, minus the head and forearms were buried in a London churchyard. Fr. Corker had the remains exhumed some two years later in 1683, whereupon they were smuggled to Lamspringe in Lower Saxony, Germany and interred with great ceremony in the crypt of the local Benedictine monastery. The new Abbey Church was almost completed by this time and Fr. Corker became abbot of this monastery some seven years later. It is believed that it was via Lamspringe that Fr. Corker would have brought the Relic of the Head of St. Oliver to Rome; giving it to Oliver's old Dominican friend and correspondent, the Cardinal of Norfolk, formerly Fr. Philip Howard who had hidden Archbishop Oliver in St. James's Palace in London some fifteen years earlier.
For several centuries, Oliver Plunkett, Archbishop and Martyr, was almost completely forgotten about in these islands as a result of the harsh penal laws and the difficult famine times. Lamspringe and the Benedictines order never forgot however, and along with Siena Convent, Drogheda and the Irish College in Rome, St. Oliver's memory has been faithfully venerated in these locations right down to the present day.
Exactly two hundred years after receiving St. Oliver's remains at Lamspringe it was finally thought opportune and safe to bring them to the Benedictine Abbey at Downside, Somerset, England in 1881. This community continue to faithfully venerate the martyr saint in a major shrine dedicated in his honour. Around the time of the St. Oliver's canonisation in 1975, Downside Abbey generously gave gifts of major relics to the Shrine in Drogheda, Oldcastle Parish Church, Dromore Cathedral and some other locations also benefited with gifts of relics at this time.
A great debt of gratitude is certainly owed to the Benedictine community and to the people of Lamspringe in Germany for the faithful way they venerated and kept alive the memory of St. Oliver down through the centuries. Centuries, which were very difficult ones for the Irish people as they continued to struggle and scrape for bare survival, in both body and in soul.
The annual Mass and ceremony in honour of St. Oliver is held in Downside Abbey on the Feast of St. Oliver, 1st July each year.
Trial and Execution - Tyburn, London
Archbishop Oliver who had secretly visited his cousin and tutor of old, Bishop Patrick Plunkett before his death in Dublin, was arrested on 6th December, 1679 and jailed in Dublin Castle. He was accused, on false evidence, of plotting against the King of England and planning to bring a French force into Carlingford harbour. Archbishop Oliver was brought to Dundalk for trial on 23rd July and although not allowed any defence counsel, he raised no objection to the all-Protestant jury, knowing that he himself was well known and respected there. Lord Shaftesbury and others in London, then decided to bring Archbishop Plunkett to London to face trial, knowing that there was probably not a jury in Ireland which would convict him, irrespective of its makeup. They also knew that as a result of the hysteria and wild reports of Catholic plots in England, a rigged jury in London would not be overly concerned with the true character of any of those involved.
Brought over to Newgate prison in October, Archbishop Oliver was placed in strict solitary confinement to spend a second harsh winter in jail. Despite his pain, as he suffered from several ailments, he spoke to no one except his jailors and they became impressed by his fasting, constant prayer and inherent good humour.
On the day of the trial, Oliver who was again not allowed any defence counsel, disputed the right of the court to try him in England and he also drew attention to the criminal past of the witnesses. The Lord Chief Justice replied: "Look you Mr. Plunkett, do not waste your time by talking about these things…The bottom of your treason, which is treason of the highest order, was the setting up of your false religion and there is nothing more displeasing to God than it". The jury retired to consider the charge of high treason and returned within fifteen minutes with a guilty verdict. Archbishop Oliver, knowing the horrible punishment for treason, was to be hung, drawn and quartered and realising that he was to be martyred for his faith, simply replied to the court: "Deo Gratias" or God be thanked. The Lord Chief Justice pronounced sentence: "You shall be drawn through the City of London to Tyburn, there you shall be hanged by the neck but cut down before you are dead, your bowels shall be taken out and burnt before your face, your head shall be cut off and your body be divided into four quarters." Oliver addressed the court and said that he could easily have gained his freedom, as he had already been offered it, if he would confess his guilt and condemn others, adding that he would rather die ten thousand deaths than wrongfully take a farthing of any man's goods, one day of his freedom or a minute of his life.
On the 1st July 1681, he was dragged on a sledge from Newgate prison, before a noisy crowd, a distance of three kilometers to Tyburn. The keeper of Newgate when asked how the prisoner was, replied that he had slept soundly and that he was as unconcerned as if he was going to a wedding. From the three cornered gallows at Tyburn, Archbishop Oliver in a prepared speech, refuted his accusers point by point and forgave all of them, including the judges, and those who had given evidence against him at the trial: "I beg of my Saviour to grant them true repentance, I do forgive them with all my heart."
Oliver's theme of reconciliation continued, by his asking forgiveness of all those whom he had ever offended by thought, word or deed. He prayed: "I beseech your Divine Majesty by the merits of Christ and the intercession of his Blessed Mother and all the holy angels and saints to forgive me my sins and to grant my soul eternal rest."
Kneeling he recited an act of contrition, the Miserere psalm and he repeated before his death, the prayer of Jesus on the cross: "Into Thy hands, O Lord, I commend my Spirit". St. Oliver worked tirelessly as Archbishop for ten years, paying the ultimate price of martyrdom without seeing the fruits of his labours, and his crowning glory was the manner of his death, humble, heroic and holy. Several priests were close by and they blessed and absolved him at the point of his death. He may have been already dead when he was taken down and the further mutilation began. A fire had been prepared to consume his remains, his head was thrown into it, but it was quickly recovered and scorch marks may still be discerned on the left cheek. His demeanour and his speech from the scaffold were well received and it was patently obvious to many that he was innocent, as the plot had already shown signs of crumbling.
In the previous few years many blameless individuals had been hanged at Tyburn, mostly priests and none had tried to gain their freedom by pleading guilty or condemning others and this had exposed a weakness in the plot. Oliver's trial, conviction and his eventual martyrdom on 1st. July 1681, was such an outrageous episode, that it greatly discredited those who brought it about and the credibility of the plot and of its advocates, collapsed completely thereafter. Lord Shaftesbury the principal promoter of the plot was arrested and imprisoned on the following day and Titus Oates would soon be imprisoned on a charge of perjury. As a result, St. Oliver became the very last of the one hundred and five Catholic martyrs of Tyburn who had given their lives over the previous one hundred and fifty years.
St. Oliver's Time in Rome (1647 - 1669)
Chased by pirates and abducted by robbers, a penniless St. Oliver, finally arrived in Rome in May 1647 after a three-month action-packed journey from Ireland. A young man of twenty-one years of age it is believed he travelled with four other students for the priesthood, one of whom was John Brenan, who would remain a lifelong confidant and friend. They undertook the journey under the protection of Fr. Peter Scarampi, who had completed his duties as the Pope's envoy to the Confederation of Kilkenny. On the journey they completed a pilgrimage to Assisi as a promised thanksgiving for their escape from the pirates at sea. As they entered Assisi, the home of St. Francis, the symbolism of their poverty must then have seemed rather appropriate to them. Indeed, St. Oliver was destined to suffer from a serious shortage of money throughout his later apostolate as the Archbishop of Armagh. Fr. Scarampi an Oratorian priest and a holy and charitable man was destined to leave an indelible mark for good on Oliver.
The month of May is surely one of the best months to appreciate the city of Rome with its lush foliage and colourful blossoms, all in full bloom. Oliver and his fellow students must have been highly impressed with all that they saw. The Renaissance had been adopted with some enthusiasm in Rome for almost three hundred years and the eternal city's fine churches, gardens and fountains would have contrasted greatly with what the young students had been used to back home.
The Irish College could not accept Oliver straight away so it was the good Fr. Scarampi who came to the rescue and arranged funds and accommodation for the pauper student. Upon entering the college he undertook the customary oath to return to Ireland after ordination. During his time at the college he walked each day across the buried and yet undiscovered Roman Forum for lectures to the Jesuit Collegio Romano. The rector of the Irish College wrote that Oliver ranked among the foremost in talent, diligence and progress. It is also recorded that Oliver was everywhere and at all times a model of gentleness, integrity and piety. Within a year of his arrival, Oliver would have met a cousin, Sir Nicholas Plunkett, who accompanied Bishop Nicholas French of Ferns on a visit to Rome, representing the Confederation of Kilkenny. Knighted by the Pope Innocent X on that visit, Sir Nicholas was the leading Catholic lawyer in Ireland at the time and he played a prominent part in the Confederation of Kilkenny. Barely a year afterwards, the disastrous Cromwellian conquest of Ireland began and over the next few years the news seeping out of Ireland was exceedingly grave. The land of Ireland literally changed hands, including the estate of Oliver's family, which had been confiscated at Loughcrew. The Irish Church was forced underground, with numerous martyrs, many of whom are still unknown to us. It is on record that Oliver spent many long periods of prayer about this time and he later wrote about the devout practice in Rome of visiting the Seven Churches including the catacomb. Obviously he regularly undertook this pilgrimage himself, undoubtedly praying for the intentions of his greatly troubled homeland.
In the Basilica of St. John Lateran, St. Oliver received tonsure and minor orders on 4th March 1651 and sub-diaconate on 20th December 1653. In the chapel of Propaganda College he was ordained a deacon on the 26th December of that year and six days later, on the 1st January 1654, he was ordained a priest in the same chapel by Bishop MacGeoghegan OFM of Clonmacnois, a refugee bishop from Ireland. Priests were still-hunted in Ireland at the time, so Fr. Oliver was naturally released from his promise to return home after ordination. For the next three years he undertook higher studies at the renowned Sapienza University and obtained a doctorate in law and he also earned a doctorate in theology. During this time he lived as a chaplain with the Oratorians at S. Gerolamo della Caritā, a house of great charity founded by St. Philip Neri who had lived there less than a century before. No doubt Fr. Oliver's accommodation and position was arranged by his friend and mentor, the Oratorian, Fr. Scarampi. Around this time a plague struck Italy and Fr. Scarampi who had courageously volunteered to assist the victims, died as a result on the Island of St. Bartholomew in 1656. This was a terrible loss to Oliver who regarded his mentor and benefactor as a father figure and indeed without his great example and help, Oliver would certainly not have achieved all that he did. He wrote that he was afflicted with an unspeakable sadness, some of his relatives had been put to death or sent into exile, he was deprived of his father and friends; the whole Irish people were living in extreme misery and Fr. Scarampi had died.
In November 1657, having obviously earned a good reputation from his studies, Fr. Oliver was appointed a lecturer in theology at Propaganda College. Fr. John Brenan his student friend of old was also appointed to the staff of Propaganda at this time. Later Fr. Oliver was promoted as professor of controversies or apologetics and over his twelve years at the college, he helped to improve standards a great deal. Propaganda College was an impressive establishment located in the same building as the Sacred Congregation for the Propagation of the Faith and as such the whole complex was a hub of activity. For the rest of his life, Oliver held Propaganda College in the highest esteem, later writing from Ireland: "Propaganda in a word all Rome, is a great book. How many nations and their customs are observed, Poles, Germans, Spaniards, French, Turks, Ethiopians, Africans, Americans all rub shoulders and one learns with what prudence such widely divergent affairs referring to such opposing interests and countries are handled. One treats with cardinals and prelates of great wisdom, of consummate experience in the spiritual and temporal affairs of so many monarchs and princes. It is impossible that a person of even mediocre intelligence would not profit very much both in the fields of learning and experience, and indeed for the purpose of training a missionary, there is not another college in the world more suitable than the Propaganda."
Oliver was appointed as a consulter in the Congregation of the Index with a responsibility to review books, a part-time and a very trusted position. He was also appointed as a part time agent in Rome for several of the Irish bishops, fulfilling this role right up until his departure from the city. His correspondence kept him well informed of the plight of the Irish and he was kept busy in this role with several controversies in the Irish Church. These including such issues as the Remonstrance and its promoter, Fr. Peter Walsh and the trickery of Fr. James Taaffe. Over the twenty-two years which Oliver had spent in Rome, he had become Roman, indeed in his voluminous mail later from Ireland, although fluent in at least four languages, he felt most comfortable when corresponding in Italian.
The Archbishopric of Armagh became vacant upon the death in Saumur, France, of Dr. Edmund O'Reilly who had spent his last few years in exile. It was then almost a decade after the restoration of King Charles II and Rome at last thought it safe to appoint a few new bishops who could actually be sent to work on the Irish mission. On 9th of July 1669, at a meeting which took place in Rome to discuss the merits of the various candidates for the position of Archbishop of Armagh, Pope Clement IX intervened: "But why delay in discussing the merits of others, whilst we have here in Rome, a native of that island, whose merits are known to us all, and whose labours in this city have already added so many wreaths to the peerless glory of the 'Island of Saints'. Let Dr. Oliver Plunkett become the Archbishop of Armagh." It was decided that Oliver should be ordained Archbishop of Armagh in a quiet ceremony in Ghent, Belgium, on his way home to Ireland lest a more public ceremony in Rome might antagonise the government back home and lead to the further persecution of Catholics.
As a student in the Irish College many years earlier, Oliver's annual two weeks summer holidays were spent in the college vineyard on the slopes of Castel Gandolfo about twenty-five kilometres south east of Rome. He must have had very happy memories of those working holidays, because when working as a professor in Propaganda College, he acquired a small garden vineyard close to the one owned by the Irish college, overlooking the beautiful lake Albano. This he now left to the Irish College along with some books and pictures, in appreciation for the education he had received there. The pictures must not have been used by the college at that time however, as twelve years later and barely a week before his martyrdom, St. Oliver wrote a long and poignant letter to his former secretary and relative, Fr. Michael Plunkett in Rome, leaving the pictures to the Irish College and expressing his sorrow that they had not been framed. Many of the books, which he presented to the college library were scattered by the French during their invasion of Rome in 1798, however at least one of those books is still easily identified by his signature.
The garden vineyard, which he gave to the Irish College, was probably attached to their existing vineyard as a small extension. The time he spent in his vineyard must have been a joyful and a prayerful time for him and he would certainly have reflected on the scores upon scores of references to vines and vineyards in the Holy Bible, doubtless Dr. Oliver was familiar with them all. Having the freedom of the house and library which was on the property of the Irish College vineyard nearby, meant that this whole experience, must have been a most edifying one for him, so that when he wrote about the delights of Rome some years later, the vineyard must surely have been on his mind as one of those delights. One can well imagine the care and love with which he must have tended on those vines at Albano, and no doubt a little of the fruit of those vines was made into wine, for the sacred mysteries of some of his Masses.
When the young Oliver arrived in Rome, the dome of St. Peter's Basilica had been completed only fifty years earlier and work was still ongoing on the basilica of St. Peter's itself. During his time in Rome he witnessed many such improvements, including the building and completion of the colonnades of St. Peter's square. Similarly, Bernini's famous fountain of the four rivers, the Piazza Navona, another 'must see' for the tourists of today. He was there during the celebrated entry to Rome of Queen Christina of Sweden, who had renounced her throne, become a catholic and lived out the rest of her life in Rome. He was also in Rome when the 'Chair of St. Peter' was solemnly installed in the famous shrine by Bernini, at the back of St. Peter's Basilica and exactly eight years later, on the feast of the Chair of St. Peter in 1674, he would recall that event while on the run from the authorities and almost overcome by snow, during a snow blizzard in Ulster. He wrote: "God be praised that he gives us the grace to suffer for the Chair of St. Peter and on the feast dedicated to the Chair founded upon the Rock, which will, I hope in the long run break the tempestuous waves".
In his spare time, Oliver continued to distinguish himself in works of charity and he kept up his visits to the Santo Spirito hospital, adjacent to the Vatican. It is recorded that when he went to say his farewells at the hospital, Fr. Mieskow the superior wished Oliver well, along with the prophetic words: "My Lord you are going to shed your blood for the Catholic faith". Oliver left Rome during the first week of September 1669, travelling via, Bologna, Innsbruck, Munich and Mainz from where he travelled by boat down the Rhine into Cologne and further on into Holland; then on to Brussels on his way to receive his episcopal ordination in Ghent.
Relics of St. Oliver in Lamspringe, Germany
While awaiting martyrdom, St. Oliver befriended a Benedictine monk, Fr. Maurus Corker in Newgate prison, London. President of the English Benedictines at the time he proved very helpful to St. Oliver, becoming in effect his 'anam chara' or faith friend. Fr. Corker provided St. Oliver with Mass requisites and so for the last few days of his life and to his great joy, St. Oliver could again celebrate daily, the Holy Sacrifice of the Mass. Fr. Corker through influence or perhaps a little bribery of the prison guards also met St. Oliver and heard his confession around this time. After his death at Tyburn, St. Oliver's remains, minus the head and forearms were buried in a London churchyard. Some two years later, while still in prison, Fr. Corker arranged to have the remains exhumed in c1683 and they were smuggled to Lamspringe in Lower Saxony, Germany where it is recorded that they were interred with great ceremony in the crypt of the local Benedictine monastery. The new Abbey Church was almost completed by this time and Fr. Corker became Abbot of this monastery some seven years later. It is believed that it was via Lamspringe that Fr. Corker brought the Relic of the Head of St. Oliver to Rome and gave it to Oliver's old Dominican friend and correspondent, Philip Howard, Cardinal of Norfolk.
St. Oliver's remains were venerated in the crypt at Lamspringe for exactly two hundred years, until in 1881 after an awakening of interest in the Catholic martyrs of these islands, it was finally thought safe to transfer them to Downside Abbey, England. This community continues to faithfully venerate the martyr saint in a major shrine dedicated in his honour. Since the beatification ceremony ninety years ago, Hildesheim diocese and Lamspringe parish, still the proud possessors of major relics; continue to show their loyalty to St. Oliver by organising a 'St. Oliver Fest' in Lamspringe each year.
For several centuries, Oliver Plunkett, Archbishop and Martyr, was almost completely forgotten about in Ireland as a result of the harsh penal laws and the difficult famine times. Lamspringe never forgot however, and along with Siena Convent, Drogheda and the Irish College in Rome, St. Oliver's memory has been faithfully venerated in these locations right down to the present day. This loyalty is further shown by the initiative of six of the leading citizens of Lamspringe, including their District President and Mayor, who came to Drogheda in August 2009, with the aim of nurturing closer ties between the major shrines which are dedicated to St. Oliver, namely, Drogheda, Oldcastle, Downside and Lamspringe. A great debt of gratitude is therefore owed to the Diocese of Hildesheim and the parishioners of Lamspringe in Germany for the way they venerated and kept alive the memory of St. Oliver down through the centuries. Centuries which were difficult ones for the Irish people as they continued to struggle and to scrape for bare survival in both body and in soul.
The annual celebration in honour of St. Oliver is held in Lamspringe on the last Saturday of August each year at 5pm.
Episcopal Ordination in 1669 - Ghent, Belgium
It was decided that Oliver Plunkett should be ordained Archbishop of Armagh in a quiet ceremony in Flanders, Belgium, on his way home to Ireland, lest a more public ceremony in Rome might antagonise the government back home. Arriving in Brussels on 3rd November 1669 after a two-month journey from Rome, he found that the Internuncio was away, so he went to visit Louvain and met the large Franciscan community at St. Anthony's College, including fifteen friars who had recently arrived from Ireland. Oliver would no doubt have enquired about the remnants of the Armagh altar-plate, which was deposited with the friars over sixty years earlier. The altar-plate, along with some church items and possibly some vestments, were brought out of Ireland for safe keeping by Hugh O'Neill, the Earl of Tyrone in the Flight of the Earls, who had stayed with his party in Louvain over the winter of 1607/8.
Oliver was ordained Archbishop of Armagh at St. Bavo's Cathedral, Ghent, by Bishop Eugene D'Allamont of Ghent, on the first Sunday of Advent, 1st December 1669. The ceremony was assisted by the Provost of the Cathedral, Rt. Rev. James Roose and the Dean of the Chapter of Ghent, Rt. Rev. John le Monier. In attendance was an exiled bishop from the diocese of Ferns in Ireland, Bishop Nicholas French whom Archbishop Oliver knew well and who had accompanied Sir Nicholas Plunkett on a visit to Rome as emissaries of the Confederation of Kilkenny. Archbishop Oliver would have been delighted to again meet Bishop French and they must have had a lot of reminiscing of past times. Bishop French had an interesting life, having escaped from the terrible onslaught of Cromwell's forces in his native County Wexford. At his house in Wexford, a sacristan, a gardener and a sixteen-year old boy were killed. Bishop French then hid in the Irish countryside despite a determined search for him by those same forces, until his escape into exile some five months later. While hiding in the woods, his hideout was discovered and surrounded at one stage, but he broke through the ranks of the soldiers at speed, later thanking God and the swiftness of his steed. Indeed the Cromwellians hanged three of Bishop French's fellow Irish bishops at this time and a fourth bishop died from ill treatment after capture.
During the penal times in Ireland, the bishops of Flanders maintained a fine tradition of giving sanctuary, education and help to many of the exiled Irish churchmen, and it was common practice to present the newly ordained Irish bishops with episcopal rings. This was the third time since May of that year that Bishop d'Allamont of Ghent was involved in the consecration of an Irish Archbishop, namely, James Lynch of Tuam in Ghent and Peter Talbot of Dublin, in Antwerp. Bishop French assisted at both of those ceremonies, when three bishops were available in each case, according to protocol.
In the middle ages, the city of Ghent had become the second largest city in northern Europe and was a prosperous centre of commerce. However by the time of Oliver's visit, its importance had diminished somewhat as a result of the religious wars of the 16th and 17th centuries. Once Catholic, then a Calvinist republic and then with the help of the Spanish army it had became a Catholic region once again.
A week after his episcopal ordination in Ghent, Archbishop Oliver set off again on the next part of his journey home to Ireland, via Ostend, London and Holyhead. Before leaving he wrote: "I am thinking of passing myself off as an Italian tourist who is going out of curiosity to see the sights of London" and he added that he had given his papers and letters to an English gentleman to be brought to London.
On the first Sunday of Advent 2008, Bishop Gerard Clifford, Auxiliary Bishop of Armagh led a memorable pilgrimage from Ireland to St. Bavo's Cathedral in Ghent, to commemorate St. Oliver's episcopal ordination at St. Bavo's on the first Sunday of Advent 1669. After Mass, concelebrated by Bishop Lucas Van Looy of Ghent, a plaque was unveiled by Bishop Clifford in the crypt of the cathedral. The plaque is inscribed in three languages: Flemish, Irish and English. | history |
http://kimballinvestment.com/about-us/ | 2018-02-21T15:17:39 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-09/segments/1518891813626.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20180221143216-20180221163216-00645.warc.gz | 0.960542 | 238 | CC-MAIN-2018-09 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-09__0__148499563 | en | Kimball Investment Company was formed in 1977 by Victor and David Kimball. Victor and David’s broad experience in developing and marketing commercial real estate has enabled them to accomplish numerous land acquisitions, lease buy-outs, land assemblage, condominium conversions and the development and management of hotels, shopping centers, industrial parks, office buildings, residential subdivisions, and apartments. Their expansive developments can be found in Utah, Nevada, Texas, Idaho and California.
The Kimballs also have extensive experience in the renovation of historic properties. The historic Peery Hotel was restored in 1985 from a dilapidated property to a prestigious boutique property which has received accolades from the Salt Lake City Arts Council and was voted “Most Miraculous Conversion” by the Utah Holiday Magazine. They also owned and operated the historic Judge Building, which remains a Class A historic building in downtown Salt Lake City.
The Kimballs have developed and operated hotel franchises including Marriott, Hilton, Hampton Inn, Holiday Inn, Holiday Inn Express, Quality Inn, Travelodge, Best Western, as well as independent hotels in Zions National Park, Ojai, California and Salt Lake City, Utah. | history |
https://barnsleyremembersww1.home.blog/background/ | 2020-08-15T16:18:32 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-34/segments/1596439740929.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20200815154632-20200815184632-00240.warc.gz | 0.976008 | 382 | CC-MAIN-2020-34 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-34__0__7365644 | en | The Barnsley Chronicle dated 1 July 1922 contains an appeal from the Mayor of Barnsley for funds to help build the War Memorial which stands outside the Town Hall. Included in this appeal is the following:
“It is proposed to have the names of the fallen inscribed on vellum and preserved with
the records of the Borough in the Town Hall.”
As far as we know, this proposal was never fulfilled, and the Barnsley War Memorials Project was formed to make the Roll of Honour, vellum excepted, a reality.
To be included here, a man or woman must be named on one of Barnsley’s War Memorials, be born within the Borough, or have lived in Barnsley at the time of enlistment or the start of their war service.
The Imperial War Museum defines a War Memorial as any tangible object which has been erected or dedicated to commemorate those killed as a result of war, conflict or peacekeeping; who served in war or conflict; or who died whilst engaged in military service. Consequently, the 3,785 names of men and women included have largely been gathered from memorials in churches and on village greens, but also many other sources such as places of work, schools, clubs and family gravestones.
Local newspapers and wartime periodicals have also been great sources of information, especially for photographs of which there are 1,990.
All our research has been done in good faith, and every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of this Roll of Honour.
Every effort has been made to correctly acknowledge the sources of information and photographs and to ensure no copyright has been infringed.
Some of the men and women on the Roll of Honour are well known and documented, the vast majority are not.
WE HONOUR THEM ALL
Barnsley War Memorials Project 2018 | history |
https://kikiandjoost.com/store/2020/02/14/tribute-to-visser/ | 2021-01-19T04:54:47 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-04/segments/1610703517966.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20210119042046-20210119072046-00451.warc.gz | 0.869921 | 179 | CC-MAIN-2021-04 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-04__0__177572825 | en | 14 Feb TRIBUTE TO VISSER !
This year we celebrate the 60th anniversary of the furniture collection that leading Dutch designer Martin Visser (1922-2009) created for Spectrum in 1960.
To honor his contribution to Dutch design history, contemporary Dutch designers pay tribute to his work. Jan des Bouvrie, Richard Hutten, Carolina Wilcke & Reinier Bosch, Piet Hein Eek, Kiki van Eijk, Marcel Wanders and Sabine Marcelis made a new design, inspired by a piece of furniture from Visser. The result is ‘Tribute to Visser’.
The designs, along with the original work of Martin Visser, can be seen from the 14th of march at the exhibition ‘The eye-opening sofa bed’ in the at centraal museum Utrecht! | history |
https://bridgestreetjournal.com.au/the-1939-register-reveals-unprecedented-insight-into-lives-households-and-communities/ | 2020-03-30T19:06:22 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-16/segments/1585370497301.29/warc/CC-MAIN-20200330181842-20200330211842-00125.warc.gz | 0.974055 | 2,684 | CC-MAIN-2020-16 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-16__0__74241756 | en | 41 million people recorded in one day on the eve of WWII
On 2 November 2015, the newly digitised records of the 1939 Register were launched online by Findmypast.com.au, a world leader in family history, in association with The National Archives. Dubbed ‘The Wartime Domesday Book’, The 1939 Register is the most comprehensive survey of the population of England and Wales ever taken. In September 1939, WWII had just broken out. 65,000 enumerators were employed to visit every house in England and Wales to take stock of the civil population. The information that they recorded was used to issue Identity Cards, plan mass evacuations, establish rationing and co-ordinate other war-time provisions. In the longer term, the 1939 Register would go on to play a central role in the establishment of post-war services like the NHS.
The most recent comparative online release was that of the 1911 census in 2009. The 1931 census was destroyed during the war and the 1941 census was never taken. The 1939 Register is therefore the only surviving record of the population between 1921 and 1951, bridging a 30-year gap in history.
Comprising 1.2 million pages in 7,000 volumes and documenting the lives of 41 million people, the 1939 Register opens a window to a world on the brink of cataclysmic change. Each record includes the names of inhabitants at each address, their date of birth, marital status and occupation.
Andrew Marr, writer and broadcaster says: “The 1939 Register is one of the most important documents in recent British history. A comprehensive record of the civil population on the outbreak of war, it captures a people whose lives were about to change forever. It records streets that within months, under the assault of the Luftwaffe, were to disappear; families that would be separated by the events of war: evacuation, conscription and sometimes worse. This fascinating resource allows us to discover our past and that of our families in ways never before possible.”
LIFE IN 1939
· Mr and Mrs 1939: The typical 1939 woman was Mary Smith, 35 years old. She was married to the average 1939 man, John or William, 33 years old. The chance of them divorcing was just 0.1%
· John or William and Mary were the most common first names with Smith, Jones and Williams the top 3 most popular surnames. The city with highest number of Marys was Liverpool (36,000) followed by Manchester and Birmingham. The most Williams were living in Birmingham (39,000) while every 7th male in Liverpool was called John (37,000 of 247,000)
· Taken within weeks of the mass evacuation of children to the country, the Register shows an almost entire adult population in some London boroughs, with just 2% being children under age of 10 years old
· The Register also reveals how jobs have changed. The typing pool has disappeared today but in 1939 typist was the 7th most popular occupation for women
· Delving deep in to the Register, the team at Findmypast has unearthed some surprising facts about some of the well-known figures of the day and the families of today’s celebrities. James Bond creator Ian Fleming stated his main occupation as ‘Stockbroker’ despite an alternative career in Naval Intelligence, whilst the grandfather of Victoria Beckham was working on the London Docks and living in Tottenham.
FACTS AND FIGURES
· The estimated population of England and Wales in 1939 was 41 million, living in 12 million households, with an average of 3 people living in one household
· The average age in cities ranged between 30-39
· The divorce rate was 0.1% (just two years after the 1937 Matrimonial Causes Act), compared to 46.2% being married, 45.6% single and 6.5% widowed
· The average age was 33 for men and 35 for women, compared to the median age for men 38 and women 40 of the 2011 census
· The population is equally spread amongst different age groups with a marked decline of people aged 60+
· There were only 111 people that were over 100 years old when the Register was taken compared to 12,320 aged 100+ years in 2013
· The top 3 most popular surnames were Smith, Jones and Williams
· 10 most popular female names were: Mary, Margaret, Elizabeth, Annie, Florence, Edith, Alice, Dorothy, Sarah and Jane
· 10 most popular male names were: John, William, George, Charles, Frederick, Thomas, David, Arthur, Joseph and Robert
· The city with highest number of Marys was Liverpool (36,000 of 291,000), followed by Manchester (26,000 of 249,000) and Birmingham (20,000 of 508,000)
· The most Williams were living in Birmingham (39,000 of 462,000) while every 7th male in Liverpool was called John (37,000 of 247,000)
· The top 10 occupations registered for the 19 million men were:
#1 retired #2 clerk (from railway to civil service), #3 motor vehicle driver (from lorry driver to chauffeur), #4 farm worker #5 general labourer, #6 fitter (from gas to machine), #7 engineer (from radio service to aircraft engineer), #8 coalminer /hewer, #9 shop owner/worker, #10 railway worker
· 595 people registered as butlers, with Westminster topping the butler chart with 247. The next highest is Marylebone with 121 and Chelsea with 77
· Almost half of the 22 million women were performing domestic work, with the majority of those unpaid
· The top 10 occupations registered for women were:
#1 unpaid domestic duties, #2 shop owner/worker, #3 clerk /administrative duties, #4 paid domestic duties, #5 retired, #6 machinist, #7 typist, #8 incapacitated, #9 private means, #10 housekeeper
· One can already spot industries in the top ten female occupations that would later become very popular amongst women: office, fashion, retail and education
· In Leicester and Leeds, more women were working in the fashion industry than any other, as a tailor, dress maker or hosiery knitter
The 1939 Register puts numbers to London’s evacuations
· At the beginning of September 1939, under the threat of German bombing, 1.5 million children, women and disabled were evacuated. The 1939 Register, which was taken at the end of September, shows only 2% of the population in London was aged 0-10 (national average 14%) and 8% was aged 10-19 (national average 16%)
· The city of London is the only place where the gender split is 60% male to 40% female. The national average shows that 47% were male and 53% were female
· Top league of retirement districts: Tavistock, Glastonbury, Looe, Newquay, Woodstock, Brixham, Torpoint, Knighton, Hearne Bay, Dawlish
The real life M – As Spectre looms large at the box office and the world wonders if James Bond will escape another tight scrape, the real life inspirations for the Bond books can be found in the 1939 Register on the eve of war. Hugh Sinclair (given the codename ‘Quex’) was director of British Intelligence and set up the Secret Intelligence Service (also known as MI6). He bought Bletchley Park with his own money and set up a wartime intelligence station. Although in 1939, (listed as a retired Admiral with no mention of his intelligence work), he was suffering from cancer which he would die of a month later, the year before he reported on Adolf Hitler to the Prime Minister, describing him as a dangerous megalomaniac not to be trusted. The report was buried because it didn’t align with appeasement policies of the time.
Ian Fleming – Already in September 1939, Ian Fleming had been recruited into Naval Intelligence, where he would gain much of the inspiration for his James Bond novels. He lived in Westminster, listing his primary occupation as ‘Stockbroker’ with only an extra column revealing his work as a Lieutenant in the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve at the Admiralty building.
Oswald Mosley – The leader of the British Union of Fascists can be found at his Mayfair home with a conspicuous omission of his notorious position as head of the British Blackshirt movement,instead harking back to former glories as a military officer, MP and government minister. Less than a year later he was interned as a potential enemy of the state and spent most of the war living with his family in the grounds of Holloway Prison.
Future Prime Ministers – Although a year away from becoming Prime Minister, Winston Churchill was listed living as first lord of the admiralty in central London. Later additions to the 1939 Register, as a living document have seen his old occupation lined through and ‘Prime Minister’ added.
Barnes Wallis – Already working on aircraft and bomb design by the time of the 1939 Register, Barnes Wallis, the inventor of the ‘bouncing bomb’ famous in its use for the Dambusters raids was listed with his wife, children and children’s nurse near Guildford. Barnes loved the area so much that he spent most of his adult life there, becoming a parish councillor and being buried in the local church.
Herman Goering – Although the President of the Reichstag and head of the Luftwaffe had his hands full directing waves of aircraft to attack British shores, an unfortunately named Birmingham born and based doppelganger made an honest living as a jewellery case maker in 1939. Sadly he didn’t live to see out the end of the war though his namesake didn’t last till much long after it, being sentenced to death for his part in the war crimes of the Nazi regime.
Joseph Kennedy – The special relationship between Britain and the United States is underlined with these records. The father of President John F. Kennedy, Joseph was in the UK at the time of the 1939 Register, with the future President himself present in the House of Commons during speeches endorsing British entry into the war just before the register was taken. Joseph Kennedy is listed as ambassador to the United Kingdom at the time. Perhaps lacking the attributes that made his son such an iconic leader he would later resign from his post in November 1940 due to his defeatist attitude, reputedly prompting a British civil servant to say “I thought my daffodils were yellow until I met Joe Kennedy”.
FAMILIES OF CELEBRITIES
The Beckhams – Victoria Beckham’s life today is a world away from her maternal grandfather George Cannon who was working on the London Docks and living in Tottenham, with her paternal grandfather not so far away in Edmonton earning his keep as a French polisher.
David Beckham- may have inherited his skill on his feet from his great grandfather Edward Charles Beckham’s sea legs, he was listed in the 1939 Register with his wife, living in Wood Green and serving in the navy. Further records on Findmypast give a full physical description of Great Grandfather Beckham, showing he was 5 foot 33Ž4 foot tall with fair hair, blue eyes and fresh complexion.
Fearne Cotton – Perhaps in a foreshadowing of her own career, the 1939 Register reveals the great great uncle of Fearne Cotton in Poole, listed as a ‘Musical Director & Dance Band Leader’. William Edward or ‘Billy’ Cotton toured to entertain the troops during the Second World War and presented a popular BBC radio show from 1949 to 1968.
Anthony Hopkins – Famously attached to his Welsh roots and known to visit the house he grew up in when he returns to the UK from his home in the United States, his 1939 Port Talbot home can be found in the register where his parents the baker Richard and housewife Muriel lived.
Britney Spears – The grandmother of pop singer Britney Spears was listed in the 1939 Register with her parents George & Lillian Portell in Finchley, London. She would later become a ‘GI Bride’, marrying an American soldier and leaving the UK at the end of the war for a new life in Louisiana.
Simon Cowell – The paternal grandparents of Simon Cowell were living in Chigwell on the eve of the Second World War.
Bill Nighy – Although not yet born in 1939, the young parents of Bill Nighy, Catherine and Alfred were married and living in Surrey.
Eddie Redmayne – The great grandfather of Eddie Redmayne, the illustrious Sir Richard Augustine Studdert Redmayne was a civil engineer, modestly listing his role as a leading light in improving the working practices and safety of miners throughout the UK as being a ‘mining consultant’. | history |
https://www.hotfavored.com/2012/05/ | 2021-07-24T00:39:46 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-31/segments/1627046150067.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20210724001211-20210724031211-00207.warc.gz | 0.880965 | 527 | CC-MAIN-2021-31 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-31__0__62903837 | en | TAG Heuer 150th Anniversary Expo Celebration Odyssey Pioneer China Ends Perfectly Odyssey Pioneer Global Tour Heuer China Ends Successfully On June 28, in front of the blue and dazzling Expo Monaco Pavilion, a striking sports car attracted Countless lights, this is a commemorative sports car of the Swiss watch pioneer Heuer and Tesla cross-border cooperation, 100% of electric clean energy. TAG Heuer Tesla Roadster in front of the Monaco Pavilion
TAG Heuer celebrated its 150th anniversary at the Monaco Pavilion at the Shanghai World Expo. The Principality of Monaco, who has a deep passion for racing, joins hands with TAG Heuer luxury watches that challenge the time limit, complementing the luxury watches of a century and a half.
Why is the end of TAG Heuer China Station the Monaco Pavilion? Because of the 40-year-old legendary racing complex. The TAG Heuer Monaco watch was released in Geneva and New York at the same time in 1969. As the first watch with a square dial, the bold design concept made a sensation in the watchmaking industry, and the Monaco series became one of TAG Heuer’s most classic series. TAG Heuer Concept MONACO V4
The Monaco Pavilion was transformed into a time corridor that night. From CARRERA 1887, MONCAO V4 to PENDULUM pioneer luxury watches, 16 rare collection watches represent TAG Heuer’s past, present and future, reflecting 150 years of glorious history. The celebration was full of stars. Mr. Jean-Christophe Babin, President of TAG Heuer, Mr. Jean-Marc Lacave, President of LVMH Watch & Jewellery Asia Pacific, joined hands with Mr. Chen Daoming, China’s outstanding performance artist, and TAG Heuer’s new brand ambassador-the first in F1. Mr. Dong Hebin, a Chinese driver, and hundreds of guests joined together to witness the 150 years of TAG Heuer’s glorious journey, marking the perfect ending of the China Odyssey Pioneer Global Tour Exhibition in 15 cities around the world.
TAG Heuer China Station ends-Chinese and foreign guests at the Monaco Pavilion celebrate the TAG Heuer Carrera Calibre 1887 TAG Heuer Pendulum
Since its establishment in 1860, TAG Heuer has always led the Swiss model of precision watchmaking, creating many milestones in the mechanical watch industry and becoming one of the world’s four major watch brands. For 150 years, TAG Heuer will continue to win the world’s admiration with extraordinary creativity in the future. | history |
https://www.phnr.com/en/our-hotels/kherson | 2021-03-05T06:36:23 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178370239.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20210305060756-20210305090756-00070.warc.gz | 0.962878 | 990 | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-10__0__228320875 | en | Best hotel in Kherson, Premier Compass Hotel Kherson ✭✭✭ - attentive service, great reats, free Wi-Fi - Premier Hotels and Resorts Reservation Office ☎ +38 0552 70 16 70View hotel website
The best hotels in Kherson to fulfil the guests’ most exacting requirements
Modern Kherson is a relatively small regional centre in the southern part of Ukraine with its unique colour and quiet way of life. At the time of city foundation by Grigory Potemkin under the auspices of Catherine II, Kherson was being built as “southern Petersburg”. Nevertheless, fate decreed otherwise.
The legendary Black Sea Fleet traces its history to its founding in Kherson. Moreover, it switched places with dynamically growing Mykolaiv. Kherson kept living a life of quiet provincial city, seafaring playing a significant role in its life.
After the annexation of Crimea, Kherson turned into a kind of resort gates of Ukraine. The most popular resorts of Ukraine are located in Kherson: Zaliznyi Port, Lazurne, Skadovsk and many others. Nowadays,tourism is one of the largest and rapidly growing industries in Kherson. Therefore, not only ordinary travellers, but also tourists who travel on business often come to this magnificent city.
Which hotels of Kherson are really worth visiting?
It is easier to book a hotel in the off-season. The prices hit their peak in high travel seasons. It is better to book a hotel room in advance, especially if you are going to stay in one of the best hotels in Kherson – Premier Compass Hotel Kherson.
The hotel is located in the historic part of the city. All business centres and many tourist attractions are within walking distance of the hotel. The main pedestrian street is located near the Dnieper. The theatre and several museums are really worth visiting.
If you decided to book a hotel room for a short- or long-term stay and get to Kherson by train, the journey to the hotel by trolley bus or minibus will take you only ten minutes, and five minutes by car. By the way, there is also a car parking near the hotel.
Premier Compass Hotel Kherson is a small hotel.The hotel offers accommodation in 18 rooms. There are also sports and sauna complexes. The hotel’s restaurant will be perfect for organizing banquets and other events.
The real pride of the hotel is a modern sauna complex with a bath and sauna in the hotel, which is popular not only among the guests of the city, but also among local residents.
As a rule, you can check-in from 14:00 on the day of arrival and must check-out at 12:00 (noon) on the day of departure. It is allowed to stay with pets in the hotel, but you must inform the administration of the hotel about it in advance.
Are you going to visit Kherson not only on business?
There are not so many tourist attractions in Kherson (as in Lviv or Odesa), but a large number of historical buildings were preserved and they are really worth visiting Therefore, after the hotel check-in procedure, we advise you to go for a walk. Kherson is known as of one of the greenest cities in Ukraine, so you will be impressed and pleased.
The Cathedral of St. Catherine. The structure’s original purpose was to provide an adequate protection against enemies. The building was built in a classical style and dedicated to Catherine of Alexandria, the patron saint of the great Empress Catherine II. The Cathedral was built on the order of Empress.
The Potemkin Monument was foundedon the Empress’s order after his death in 1836. Later, the Potemkin Boulevard was built nearby. In 1944, the monument disappeared along with the Nazis who left Kherson. The renovation of the monument took place in 2003.
The remains of the Kherson fortress are still extant. The fortress meets all the requirements in the organization of the fortifications. The Potemkin Palace and the Cathedral were located on the fortress territory. The Ochakiv and Moscow Gates, powder cellar (converted into a restaurant) and Arsenal building are still extant.
Suvorov Street (the main street of Kherson) and the city’s embankment are perfect places for leisure strolls. The monument to the first ship is located there. The doors of the Premier Compass Hotel Kherson are hospitably opened for you. It will always be an opportunity to come back and continue your acquaintance with the cosy city on the Dnipro at any time. | history |
https://www.loveorlandotickets.ca/adventure-island-tampa | 2019-10-14T08:47:01 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-43/segments/1570986649841.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20191014074313-20191014101313-00024.warc.gz | 0.96018 | 171 | CC-MAIN-2019-43 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-43__0__18044871 | en | There aren't many cities with a back-story as liberating as Berlin's. From its once turbulent past to now being one of Europe's most sort after destinations, there is no time like the present to check it out. With Berlin at the forefront of European arts and culture, this is a city that cries out; discover me. The Berlin tours available are wide-ranging, exciting and memorable. Head out for a cruise along the River Spee, site-see on a hop-on-hop-off bus, or if you prefer to walk, there are tours for you too. Head up the Berlin tower or take in important historical sites from World War 2 and the Cold War. Visit the Charlottenburg Palace for its lavish interior and gardens. Berlin is a city about glamour and grit; it's not hard to see why either. | history |
https://luxjewelrymarket.com/how-the-flowing-hair-silver-dollar-was-formed/ | 2020-04-09T14:43:19 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-16/segments/1585371858664.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20200409122719-20200409153219-00147.warc.gz | 0.968011 | 522 | CC-MAIN-2020-16 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-16__0__98480364 | en | The US Mint produced its 1st coin in the year 1792. It was carried out under the agreement of The Mint Act, 1792. Before it, foreign silver coins from all across the world eased trade in the new country.
Spanish pieces of 8 reales silver coins were made the standard of an international trade. This composition contained a coin having 89.243% of pure silver. The government planned to establish the US silver metal dollar so as to circulate with the Spanish-American and Mexican 8 reales silver coins.
What is stated in the Mint Act 1792?
The Mint Act, 1792 authorized the manufacture of silver coins to weigh 416 grains that is about 26.9563 grams. Out of the 416 grains, 371.25 grains are of fine silver and the remaining is copper.
Once Congress approved for performing the minting of gold and silver dollar, the U.S. was now given a task to create a design. The flowing hair head design selected the 1794 silver dollar that was same as design of Henry Voigt on a 1793 large cent.
What were the problems faced by workers to execute Mint Act?
Workers found it hard to obtain the 0.89243 pure silver compositions as needed under the Mint Act. Rittenhouse came with a proposal to increase the content of silver by 3 grains i.e. from 371.25 g to 374.74 g with a weight of around 416 grains.
Due to this increase in the silver amount, the overall weight also increases by a .9000 pure silver composition. The above unauthorized alteration in the composition gave rise to increase in 1 percentage of extra silver content in every coin.
Which is the most valuable silver coin in the world?
The Neil-Carter 1794 sample of flowing hair silver dollar has been regarded as the most valuable one in the entire market. This coin was sold in 2013 by Stack’s Bowers, a reputed auction firm in New York. Out of all those known uncirculated samples of 1794 US silver dollars. It is the one that shows extreme detail on it and a mirror-like immaculate finish in its field.
Research performed by numismatic researchers indicated that this coin was made to hit a specially made planchet. Careful consideration ensured that the coin die was properly aligned before the time of striking. Strong appearance of its details without any weak striking is the distinctive characteristic of this coin that made it easy to trace throughout history.
This was all about the introduction of flowing hair silver dollar in the US. | history |
https://christmascompany.com/stockyard-heritage-case-study/ | 2023-11-29T23:02:16 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100146.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20231129204528-20231129234528-00631.warc.gz | 0.933987 | 669 | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__260734304 | en | Texas Charm Meets Holiday Magic – Christmas Company’s Work at Stockyard Heritage
Stockyard Heritage, a historically significant and bustling tourist destination in Texas, required a holiday lighting solution that would captivate the millions of visitors who flocked to the site during the peak months of November and December. The main challenges for Christmas Company were working within restricted hours due to the continuous flow of tourists, accommodating both pedestrian and vehicle traffic, and preserving the integrity of the historical buildings during the installation process.
“I have recommended the Christmas Company to others. I tell people that I have been very pleased with the CC for many years, that they are very creative and good at what they do and would highly recommend them. What I value most is David, the crews and their commitment to service throughout the time our lights are on.”
Facility Manager of The Modern
Failing to create a spectacular and seamless holiday lighting display for Stockyard Heritage could potentially diminish its appeal as a world-renowned tourist destination. Given the site’s tremendous visitor count, any shortcomings in the lighting design and installation could lead to negative feedback from tourists and potentially impact its reputation as an enchanting holiday attraction.
Christmas Company embraced the challenge with determination and creativity, exceeding Stockyard Heritage’s expectations year after year. Starting with a modest scope of illuminating a couple of trees on the main drive, Christmas Company gradually expanded their collaboration. They conceptualized and executed an awe-inspiring design that encompassed 200,000 lights across 62 trees, numerous buildings, and architectural elements. Custom-made frames were meticulously measured and manufactured to precisely fit the historical towers, ensuring a flawless appearance. Despite facing unexpected inaccuracies in the architectural drawings, Christmas Company adapted with ingenuity and expertise, safeguarding the heritage buildings during the installation.
By adopting Christmas Company’s innovative lighting solution, Stockyard Heritage gained a holiday spectacle that enchanted its visitors and surpassed all expectations. The extensive display of lights and custom motifs, including ice-skating cowgirl characters brought to life with lights, added a touch of magic and wonder to the historical site. The careful consideration of traffic flow and the ability to work within restricted hours showcased Christmas Company’s commitment to creating a harmonious and enjoyable experience for both tourists and locals.
Stockyard Heritage’s positive feedback and appreciation for Christmas Company’s outstanding work reflect the exceptional quality and dedication the company brings to every project. By collaborating with Christmas Company, Stockyard Heritage solidified its status as one of the most captivating and unforgettable holiday destinations in Texas, attracting millions of visitors annually. The impressive lighting display not only delighted tourists but also instilled a sense of pride among the locals, who witnessed their historical site transform into a mesmerizing winter wonderland.
Christmas Company’s remarkable work with Stockyard Heritage exemplifies their ability to enhance the appeal of world-renowned tourist destinations through awe-inspiring holiday lighting. By overcoming unique challenges and paying meticulous attention to every detail, Christmas Company crafted an experience that delighted millions of visitors, elevating Stockyard Heritage to new heights of holiday splendor. The successful collaboration between Christmas Company and Stockyard Heritage serves as a testament to the former’s mission and vision of creating breathtaking lighting displays that evoke wonder and joy. | history |
https://www.friendsofhollinhills.org/ | 2024-04-22T12:56:14 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296818293.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20240422113340-20240422143340-00432.warc.gz | 0.912247 | 538 | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__157911820 | en | Friends of Hollin Hills (FOHH) was formed in 2017 as a 501(c)(3) charitable nonprofit organization based in Alexandria, VA. Our mission is to protect the historically significant Hollin Hills Historic District, a prominent mid-century modern (MCM) community listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places.
We do this through:
Many photos courtesy of Tod Connell. Map courtesy of Patrick Collins. Sketches courtesy of Dennis Carmichael.
SEPTEMBER 13-15, 2024
LIVING MODERN-BUILDING COMMUNITY celebrates the career of Charles Goodman, mid-century modern (MCM) architect and community designer.
Goodman's whole-community design, his emphasis on siting and creating workable family homes and his impact beyond the design of free-standing homes are the focus of the three-day weekend. Goodman communities in the DC-Virginia-Maryland metro area are highlighted.
Themes of the three-day event are:
Notable speakers and panels will explore Goodman design and how to live in and maintain Goodman homes throughout the three-day weekend. Focused sessions are designed for MCM devotees and design professionals as well as those who live in Goodman homes.
Visit classic Goodman custom designs during the opening at the Arlington Unitarian Church and the closing with home or walking tours at Goodman communities. A tour and reception at the Sevareid House in Alexandria’s West End are available as an extra event.
HOLLIN HILLS – A GROUNDBREAKING MODERN DEVELOPMENT
The Hollin Hills Historic District was designed by renowned MCM architect Charles Goodman and developed by Robert Davenport between 1949-1971. Hollin Hills intentionally marries irregularly-shaped home lots with existing topography. The MCM architectural style is protected by architectural covenants. The community includes over 480 single-family homes and 30+ acres of dedicated park lands with six unique parks and a wildlife sanctuary.
For more information on the Hollin Hills Historic District, check out the Civic Association of Hollin Hills (CAHH).
As a 501(c)(3) charitable nonprofit, FOHH relies on donations, sales, and volunteers to support the Hollin Hills Historic District. All funds stay within the community and each dollar plays a critical role.
Check out our Merchandise page to shop for fun merchandise that supports the FOHH.
FUN FACT - Since the FOHH is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit, your donations are tax deductible! Thank you! | history |
https://emiseaside.gr/sights/ | 2023-05-31T15:32:05 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224646937.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20230531150014-20230531180014-00558.warc.gz | 0.975942 | 2,951 | CC-MAIN-2023-23 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__4468919 | en | The fortress was built by the Venetians in the early years of their rule in Candia, in order to better protect the city’s port, which had prominent strategic and commercial importance. The original low building, which had no escarpments, was destroyed by an earthquake in 1303 and later rebuilt.
In the early 16th century, in the context of the overall redesign of the city’s fortifications, the old castle was demolished and the fortress that still survives today was built in its place during the period from 1523 (the date indicated in an inscription over the north gate) to 1540. Massive structural sections were brought from Fraskia and Dia. The fortress is built on two storeys and in its final form covers an area of about 3,600 m2.
The ground floor is separated by thick walls into 26 apartments that served as food and ammunition warehouses, as well as prison cells, in which many Cretan rebels were kept and tortured. Upstairs were accommodations for the castellan and the officers of the garrison. There was a bakery, a mill and a small church. On the three sides that looked towards the sea, there were embrasures for the cannons protecting the harbor. In 1630 there were 18 cannons on the ground floor and 25 on the upper floor. A ramp was used to transport cannons as far as the rooftop. The north east, west and south outer walls were decorated with marble reliefs of the winged lion of Venice, which are partially visible today. The ramparts of the fort have been rebuilt.
(Text by: Vasiliki Sithiakaki, archaeologist)
At the northern entrance of Elounda Bay, at a key-position for the control of the natural harbour, is located the islet of Spinalonga, with an area of 8,5 ha and an altitude of 53 m. The island was fortified in the antiquity, possibly in the Hellenistic period, with a large enclosure.
On the ruins of the ancient castle the Venetians built a strong fortress, which was designed according to the bastion fortification system by Genese Bressani and Latino Orsini. The first construction stage of the fortress lasted from 1579 to 1586. Repairs and alterations to the fortress were also made during the Cretan War (1645-1669). During the Venetian rule the fortress was used for military purposes. The buildings in its interior covered the accommodation needs of the guard. During the Cretan war (1645-1669) Spinalonga offered shelter to refugees and rebels, who harassed the Turks, using the islet as their base. Their action lasted as long as the fortress was occupied by the Venetians. According to the treaty of the surrender of the “Khandax” in 1669, Spinalonga remained under the rule of Venice.
After the island was occupied by the Ottomans in 1715, a purely Ottoman settlement was gradually formed in Spinalonga. During the first two centuries of the Ottoman rule the fortress was marginalised and used as a place of exile and isolation. The situation changed, however, at the end of the 19th century. Its role was upgraded as it obtained an export trade permit. In the middle of the 19th century a large number of inhabitants concentrated on the islet, mostly tradesmen and seamen, who exploited the seaways of the eastern Mediterranean and the advantage of a safe fortified settlement.
The life of this settlement was soon interrupted abruptly due to the political developments that took place in Crete during the last years of the 19th century. Most of the inhabitants of Spinalonga were forced to emigrate, as the revolutionary activity of the Christians spread insecurity among the Ottomans of Crete. From 1897 French military forces settled on the island and stayed there for about one year. The Cretan State established the isolation of the lepers in 1903 and decided to create a leper hospital in Spinalonga, in order for coordinated help to be available to Hansen patients. The hard life of the patients, who lived on the island until 1957, marked the area as a place of martyrdom and heartbreaking memories. (Author: Georgia Moschovi, archeologist)
Phaistos is built on a low hill (altitude of about 100m from sea level), in the south of river Geropotamos (ancient river Lithaios), and dominates the fertile valley of Kato Mesara, which is surrounded by imposing mountains (Psiloritis, Asterousia, Lasithi Mountains).
The Libyan Sea extends in the south. Lithaios surrounds the hill of Phaistos in the east and the north and was a source of water supply for the city. The mild and warm climate of the area made the life of its residents comfortable and pleasant. Phaistos was one of the most important centres of the Minoan civilization, and the most wealthy and powerful city of southern Crete. It is mentioned in the texts of ancient writers (Diodorus, Stravon, Pausanius) and Homer. It is one of the three important cities founded in Crete by Minos. According to mythology, the dynasty of Rodamanthus, the son of Zeus and brother of Minos, reigned in it. Homer refers to its participation in the Trojan War and describes it as a “well populated” city. The period of prosperity in Phaistos began with the coming of the Bronze Age in Crete in the middle of the 3rd millennium B.C., when the foundations of the Minoan civilization were laid.
Habitation in Phaistos started in the Neolithic period, as revealed by the foundations of Neolithic houses, tools, statuettes and potsherds discovered under the palace during the excavations. The Neolithic settlement is believed to have covered the top of the hill and its southwestern slope. In the middle of the 3rd millennium B.C. the use of metals began, which favoured the development of the city.
Development continued until the foundation and consolidation of the Minoan palaces (15th century B.C.). In the beginning of the 2nd millennium kings took the rule and established large palaces. The first palace was built in around 1900 B.C. and along with its surrounding buildings it covered an area of 18.000 m2, a little smaller than that of the palace of Knossos. The major earthquake in around 1700 B.C. was the cause of its destruction and the destruction of Knossos. A new, more imposing one was built in its place. Most of the remnants preserved today belong to it, while some parts of the first palace, mainly in the southeast, have also been discovered. The Minoan city covered a considerable area around the palatial centre.
Phaistos was the seat of the king – ruler who controlled not only the rich plain of Mesara and the settlements in the wider area but also the exit to the sea and the harbours of the gulf of Mesara. After the destruction of the palace (15th century B.C.) the city of Phaistos continued to be inhabited in the Mycenaean and Geometric periods (8th century B.C.). In the following centuries Phaistos experienced a new period of prosperity. The area of the city grew in relation to its area in the Minoan times. It became a rich, strong and densely populated independent city. It minted its own coin and during its period of prosperity, its rule extended from cape Lithino to cape Melissa, including the islets Paksimadia (ancient name: Litoae). The state of Phaistos had two powerful harbours, Matala and Kommo in the southeast.
In historical times the temple of Rhea was built south of the old palace. A time gap is observed in the classical period, from which no architectural remnants have been discovered yet. In contrast, the Hellenistic city was extremely prosperous. Houses of that period can be seen in the west yard (upper terrace) of the palace. In the middle of the 2nd century B.C. (around 1600 B.C.) the city was destroyed and occupied by the neighbouring city of Gortys. Even though it was not immediately abandoned, Phaistos lost its power. Traces of habitation dating from the Venetian period are scattered in the whole area. The modern village of Agios Ioannis on the southern fringe of the ancient city is the modest remainder of a glorious past.
From archaeological view, Phaistos is the second in importance Minoan city after Knossos. The site of Knossos was first identified by British captain H. Spratt. The archaeological research of Phaistos was started in 1884 by F. Halbherr and continued by the Italian School of Archaeology (Halbherr and L. Pernier, 1900-1904) and by Doro Levi (1950-1971). Restoration works were conducted during the excavations by the Italian School of Archaeology. Some spaces, mainly the old palace and the royal rooms of the new palace were covered with plastic shelters, while others, such as the storehouses of the new palace, were covered with concrete slabs.
According to tradition, it was the seat of King Minos and the capital of his state. The palace of Knossos is associated with the exciting myths “the Labyrinth and the Minotaur” and “Daedalus and Icarus”.
References to Knossos, its palace and Minos are made by Homer (the list of ships in Ilias mentions that Crete sent 80 ship under the command of the King of Knossos, Idomeneus, the Odyssey, T 178-9), Thucydides (reference to Minos), Isiodus and Herodotus, Bacchylides and Pindarus, Plutarchus and Diodorus the Sicilian. The city flourished in the Minoan Times (2000 – 1350 B.C.), when it was the most important and populated centre of Crete. It also played an important role and was particularly prosperous in later periods, like the Hellenistic Times.
The city of Knossos was constantly populated from the end of the 7th millennium to the Roman Times. In the Neolithic Times there was a stage of technologically developed agricultural life (stone tools and weaving weights). The residents turned from food-collectors into producers (farmers and shepherds) and a there was a trend towards more systematic and permanent settlement. The settlement periods in Knossos succeeded each other and the population of the settlement at the end of the Late Neolithic Period is estimated at 1.000 – 2.000 residents.
In the Bronze Age, which involved the processing of copper, the settlement possibly continued to develop. However, during the construction of the palace many older buildings were destroyed. The settlement is now referred to as Ko-no-so in Linear B texts of the 14th century B.C. Habitation was particularly intense, including the first palace (19th-17th century B.C.), the second palace (16th-14th century B.C.) and the luxurious villas, the guests’ rooms and the Minoan infrastructure works. The palaces were built on sites overlooking plains and having access to the sea, while important settlements were developed around them. The cities and the settlements were not walled, which confirms the so-called Pax Minoica. In around 1700 B.C. a major earthquake probably destroys Knossos and leads to large-scale works in the city and the palace. The city of Knossos was developed in a large area and its population was estimated by Evans at around 80.000 people.
In 1450 B.C., after a partial destruction of Knossos, the Mycenaeans settled in the city, without, however, rebuilding the palace. From the next periods few remnants are preserved, mostly tombs and a small classical temple in the area of the palace. The city experienced great prosperity during the Hellenistic Times (temple of Glaukus, temple of Demetra, chiselled tombs, the use of a northern cemetery, fortifying towers). In 67 B.C. Quintus Caecilius Metellus Creticus conquered Knossos and established a Roman colony with the name Colonia Julia Nobilis. The Villa of Dionysus, with wonderful mosaics, dates back to this period.
In the Byzantine Times Knossos was the seat of the Bishop, while the remains of the 6th century A.D. basilica are still preserved. After the Arab conquest of Crete, the harbour of Heraklion gradually became more important, while Knossos was slowly forgotten. A small settlement was built on the Roman ruins and is referred to as “Makritihos” (=long wall), named after a long wall, which was a remnant of the Roman Knossos. Knossos was spotted in 1878 by Minos Kalokairinos. A. Evans started systematic excavations in 1900, which continued until 1931 (discovery of the palace, a large part of the Minoan city and the cemeteries). Since then excavations are being continued in the wider area of Knossos by the British School of Archaeology and the 23rd Ephorate of Prehistoric and Classical Antiquities.
The Historical Museum of Crete was founded by the Society of Cretan Historical Studies in 1953, following the issue of a Ministry of Culture permit to establish a museum collection. The Museum was initially housed in the Andreas and Maria Kalokerinos House (1903), a listed neoclassical building granted by the A. & M. Kalokerinos Foundation in accordance with the donor’s wishes.
The Museum was founded and is run by the Society of Cretan Historical Studies, with the aim of preserving and showcasing the cultural heritage of Crete from early Byzantine times to the modern era. This aim has been achieved gradually, by the collection, purchase and donation of artefacts, together with artefacts on long term loan from the Ministry of Culture. | history |
http://www.seiumo.org/2013/12/03/immigration-activists-end-a-fast-on-the-national-mall/ | 2021-06-19T23:51:36 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-25/segments/1623487653461.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20210619233720-20210620023720-00539.warc.gz | 0.966839 | 205 | CC-MAIN-2021-25 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-25__0__193028457 | en | A longtime labor leader and two other advocates of an immigration overhaul ended their water-only fasts on Tuesday in a tent on the National Mall, the 22nd day of an effort to press the House to take up legislation on the issue.
In a ceremony choreographed to evoke the civil rights and farmworker movements of the 1960s, the labor leader, Eliseo Medina, 67, took a bite of bread and a sip of apple juice. Looking tired, Mr. Medina did not speak during the event. Afterward, he rose and walked away, leaning on the arm of another advocate.
Mr. Medina, a senior official in the Service Employees International Union, made a symbolic handoff to Representative Joseph P. Kennedy III, Democrat of Massachusetts, who said he would fast for 24 hours. The scene was reminiscent of the end of a 25-day fast in 1968 by Cesar Chavez of the United Farm Workers, who received his first food from Senator Robert F. Kennedy, Representative Kennedy’s grandfather. | history |
https://www.pumconline.org/history/ | 2024-04-13T08:57:38 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816587.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413083102-20240413113102-00383.warc.gz | 0.973465 | 6,678 | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__75685827 | en | Historical Details of the Painesville United Methodist Church Building
From the earliest gatherings in homes of small groups of Methodists to conduct their religious services, to the appointment by the Ohio Conference in 1818 of Mr. Ira Eddy as circuit rider preacher on the Grand River Circuit, to the construction of a Methodist meeting house on Liberty Street in 1822, and through years of changes and moving to different buildings, finally in the spring of 1873 construction was begun on this building located at 71 North Park Place in Painesville, Ohio. The lot, “suitably located on high ground in the center of the village on the north side of the village park,” was purchased from George and Sarah Steele for $10,000; and the contract for laying the foundation and cut- ting the stone for the building was given for $8,000.
Mr. Jacob Snyder was the selected architect. His design for the building incorporated ideas from the Metropolitan Wesleyan Methodist Church in Toronto, Canada for the front and exterior, while the Sunday School rooms and much of the interior followed the plan of the Akron Methodist Episcopal Church in Akron, Ohio. A description of the building by Mr. Snyder appeared in the October 23, 1873 edition of The Painesville Telegraph and contained the following details:
“This building, which in architectural style is designed to be decorated Gothic, and to be built of red brick, with stone dressings, has its foundation walls and ashlar* work now completed. Its greatest length, including the projections of buttresses, is 161 feet, by a width correspondingly measured of 80 feet. The plan of the building is symmetrical, having two towers upon the two front angles including the front vestibule between them; the main audience room centrally located; and the S.S. apartments at the rear. The portion of the building including the latter projects somewhat beyond the side walls of the central portion, thus producing an outline of plan similar to the letter T. Of the two front towers, the one is 18 feet and the other 16 feet square, having octagonal buttresses at their angles topped out with pinnacles corresponding with their size and form. The toppings out of the main walls of towers consist of gabled louvres, surmounted with parapets, and pinnacles smaller than those at the angles.” (Note: These towers were to have been surmounted by two iron spires, but ones that were placed upon the rear of the building were blown down, so that ornamentation was omitted from the towers.)
*The term “ashlar” refers to large, rectangular blocks of masonry.
“In the center of the front is the principal doorway, with columns, bases, carved capitals, Gothic arch with carved key and springing stones, and crocketed finial. Each of the front towers has also an entrance, similar in design to the central. Besides the three front, there are also two side entrances, accommodating the S.S. apartments and the rear of the audience room.
“The window distribution of the entire building is liberal, both for architectural effect and ample light. The large front window is Gothic, having a height of 24 feet and an inscribed circle of 20 feet in diameter, about which it is formed. Two windows of similar design are located above the side entrance doors, extending into the gabled walls, thus serving to light the upper and rear vestibules.
“The main audience room, exclusive of vestibules and organ loft, is 56 feet by 70 feet; and has a continuous gallery, raking down from its general level to that of the choir at the rear of the peaker’s platform.
“The main S.S. room, exclusive of its complemental apartments, is 41½ ft. by 45½ ft., and in outline is somewhat more than a semipolygon – from the sides of which are projected two stories of seven classrooms, or in all fourteen rooms. These are connected with the main room by folding sash doors. In height the central room extends somewhat above the flat pitched metal roof of the radiating classrooms, thus admitting its being lighted by clear story windows, which are alternated segmental and Gothic, and are located in the polygonal sides. As many of the latter as contain the Gothic windows are gabled, having their roofs intersect the absidal roof of the central room. The latter roof is finished against the rear wall of the main building. The ceiling of the main S.S. room is vaulted and that of the main audience room inclined from the sides to the center.
“The lateral extremities of the space occupied by the singers’ gallery and organ loft serve on the main floor level and vestibules to accommodate the S.S. apartments and the rear of the audience room. Here are also located the two rear stairways, affording access to both the main audience room and S.S. room galleries. The latter is designed to secure communication with the upper tier of radiating classrooms; and in plan it corresponds with the contour of the main S.S. room, … thus communicating with the vestibules.
“The stone dressings of the interior are wrought out of Amherst stone, and are freely distributed throughout the brick work, producing a pleasing contrast. The woodwork of the interior is designed to be chiefly black walnut, neatly finished. And the usual decorations of fresco-painting and stained glass, in structures of this class, are contemplated.
“Provision has been made by means of air towers, at all times, to be able to command an abundant supply of fresh air, and to extract the impure as well. The cellar is sufficiently ample, in every particular, to admit its being fitted up with basement apartments for social purposes. It is designed to heat the building by steam, chiefly upon the indirect principle.
“In this church enterprise hardly anything has been omitted to be considered that would in any way contribute to the comfortable accommodations of a church and S.S. community, both as it regards its adult and youth population.”
In a dedication ceremony attended by church members and interested people from the community, the cornerstone was laid on a beautiful fall day, Wednesday, October 15, 1873. This stone, which had been contributed by the builder and with lettering done by townsman William Doran, holds a box which contains the following items:
- Early records of the church and society;
- Names of the Presiding Elder of the district, the pastors, Superintendent of the School, Trustees, Class Leaders, and Stewards of the M.E. Church of Painesville;
- Names of the various churches in Painesville, with their present pastors;
- A list of subscribers to the building fund, including the Sunday School scholars;
- Copies of the Bible, Hymn Book, Minutes of the Annual Conference, and various periodicals and newspapers of the church;
- Copies of The Painesville Telegraph of the current week, and other county papers;
- Catalogue of Lake Erie Seminary, and other documents.
The contract for the completion of the exterior of the church was let for $36,000. The red bricks for the building were made on the “flats” at the foot of Main Street Hill in Painesville. This work was begun June 1, 1874, and completed by September of that year. It was pronounced the finest piece of masonry in Painesville. In 1875, a financial accounting stated, “The structure of the church to date, irrespective of the lot, cost $50,500; of this amount $36,300 has been provided for, leaving an indebtedness of $14,200.” Through subsequent years, the members struggled to raise funds to complete the interior furnishing of the church. Subscriptions were taken until the full amount was reached. The Sunday School Room (renamed the Circle Room during the late 1960’s) was finally completed in 1878 at a cost of $7,000. The church was dedicated in June of 1881, and declared free
from debt in 1897. The Rose Window, located at the front of the church, consists of 1,371 carefully selected and cut pieces of stained glass and measures 24 feet wide and 20 feet high, one of the largest in the country. Its cost of $300 was donated by the Young People’s Society. In the center is a 7-pointed star known as the Mystic Star and representing the seven gifts of the Holy Spirit.
Additional symbolism is evident in the ten tall stained glass windows on each side of the Sanctuary, designed and created by Douglas Phillips. As described in the 1984 history of our church, the windows are as follows:
Agnus Dei or Lamb of God
This is the symbol of Agnus Dei or Lamb of God. Out of the Hebrew sacrificial system, Christian application made the lamb as the symbol of Jesus Christ. John the Baptist said, “Behold the Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world.” The lamb, one of our earliest symbols, was frequently used in Roman catacombs. In symbolism, the Suffering Lamb is shown with a cross, the Triumphal Lamb with a waving banner, and the Enthroned Lamb depicted seated on the Book of Seven Seals mentioned in the Book of Revelation. Our window portrays the Lamb as both the Suffering and Triumphant Christ, with cross and banner. This is one of the greatest of all symbols used in Christian art to represent the Son of God. The money for this window was donated by the children in the Sunday School Primary Class.
The sheaf of wheat is a symbol of God’s bounty and goodness. As God enables man to gather a harvest from the earth, He makes it possible to reap a spiritual harvest as well. St. Paul said, “Whatsoever a man sows, that will he also reap.” As pictured here the sheaf of wheat with a sickle is a symbol of the harvest and the autumn of life. Along the sides of the window are wheat and tares – the good crop and the weeds. Matthew relates one of the parables of Jesus, which ends, “Let the wheat and tares grow together until the harvest; and at harvest time I will tell the reapers, ‘Gather the weeds first, bind them in bundles to be burned, but gather the wheat into my barn.’”
Within this inset we see one form of the sacred monogram IHCOYC. Through the years, as knowledge of Greek became rare, the Greek C was changed to the Latin S, so the monogram HIS is used more often instead of IHC. Our window shows an interesting intertwining of IHS as the monogram evolved in the Middle Ages and representing “With This Sign.”
The chalice, or cup, is a beautiful reminder of the cup which our Lord took and blessed and gave to his disciples at the Last Supper. Jesus said, “This cup is the new covenant in my blood. Do this as often as you drink it, in remembrance of me. For as often as you eat this bread and drink the cup, you proclaim the Lord’s death until he comes.” Pictured with the chalice there are grapes and leaves on a vine representing not only the source of the communion wine but also Christ and his disciples. In the parable of the vine, Jesus said, “I am the vine, you are the branches. He who abides in me, and I in him, he it is that bears much fruit, for apart from me you can do nothing.”
It is easy to understand the symbol of the Bible, the sacred book accepted by Christians as divine authority, the Word of God. Note that the Bible is pictured as open – open to all who will hear, study, believe. Translations of the Bible, or portions of it, have been published in more than a thousand tongues.
If the crown appeared alone it would be used as a symbol of the kingly office of Christ. “For He is Lord of Lords and King of Kings.” But here we have the symbol of the Crown and Cross, which stands for a reward to those who are faithful unto death. In Revelation we read, “Be faithful unto death and I will give you the crown of life.” In the arm of the cross appear the letters INRI. These represent the Latin words, “Jesus of Nazareth, King of the Jews.” According to the book of John, Pilate caused a title of mockery written in Hebrew, Latin and Greek to be placed on the cross saying, “Jesus of Nazareth, King of the Jews.”
Intertwined are the first and last letters of the Greek alphabet – Alpha or A and Omega or O. They stand for the beginning and end, the first and last. They are used as a monogram to indicate that Christ is an eternal figure and symbolize the everlasting nature of the divinity of Christ.
The anchor as a symbol of hope was used in the catacombs by persecuted Christians. The anchor pictured here is a combination of anchor and cross symbolizing both hope in the life eternal and salvation from sin through the Saviour’s death and resurrection.
The descending dove represents peace and purity. It is the most familiar symbol of the Holy Spirit. Pictures of our Lord’s baptism always carry this symbol. The Gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke all mention the Holy Spirit descending like a dove upon Jesus as he came out of the River Jordan, following His baptism in its waters.
Six Pointed star
The number of points in a star is significant in Christian symbolism. In this window we have the sixpointed star or creator’s star formed by superimposing one triangle on another. This six-point star symbolized the six days in which God created the world. Sometimes it is used as an emblem of God the Father, the six points referring to His attributes: power, wisdom, majesty, love, mercy, justice. A triangle, of itself, represents the Trinity: Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. The use of two triangles in the Creator’s star doubly emphasizes the holy Trinity in the process of creation.
Included in the windows of the Sanctuary are many other symbols. There is the rose symbol in the round, various colored medallions near the top of each window. The rose may, on one hand, represent the promise of a Messiah for, as Isaiah foretells, “The desert shall rejoice and blossom as a rose.” But the rose also may represent each of the following: love, our Lord or His nativity, paradise, beauty, and Mary the mother of Jesus.
Then there is the passion flower, used as a symbol of the suffering of Jesus, and the bursting pomegranate, a symbol of Easter and the resurrection of our Lord and thus signifying the hope of new life. A small three-petal motif repeated over and over is another symbol of the Trinity, as is the Fleur-de-lis in the windows over the front stairways. Certainly symbolism has played a very important part in the proclamation of Christian faith. From the days of the very early church to the present, symbols have served to bring Christian ideas home to the heart of man.
Throughout subsequent years, many aspects of maintenance and re- decorating were carried out on the church building. In 1905, the original carpet was laid at a cost of $700. In 1913, the unfinished basement was excavated; and a social hall, including a stage, kitchen, and serving room, were built. A central heating system replaced the original combination of two furnaces and six coal stoves that had to be tended by the women of the church, and an electric lighting system was installed to replace the original gas illumination – all for the cost of $8,000.
In 1923, a contract in the amount of $9,308 was given to construct the balconies in the Sanctuary; followed by a contract at a cost of $1,630 for new oak pews whose ends were stained walnut to match the rest of the woodwork.
The 1929 depression brought many hardships to church members, and necessary funds for maintenance and upkeep of the church were hard to raise. But the church needed redecorating, so the members rallied and contributed both labor and materials. They worked whenever they could, day or night, and did the job without creating more debt. In 1935 the old tubular organ was rebuilt and electrified. Chimes were added with tower amplification so they could be heard in the downtown Painesville area.
In 1946 the church was redecorated again at a cost of $8,000. In the early 1950’s it became evident that better facilities were needed to accommodate the Sunday School program. There was an urgent and imperative need for an additional building. With this goal in mind, the members began a three-year fund-raising campaign that culminated in raising $150,000; and a contract was awarded in February, 1954 to the William Voegtler Construction Company to build a two-story educational building on the vacant space to the rear of the church. It was completed at a cost of $144,000 and dedicated on September 15, 1957.
Soon thereafter, in 1961, a building committee was formed to study the need for alterations to the main church building and provision for a connection between the two buildings. A Chapel with stained glass windows was incorporated into the design for this connecting hall. Windows were designed and built by the Phillips Stained Glass Studio, Inc., of Cleveland.
The design of the Chapel windows combines traditional and contemporary in a series of vignettes set in a field of irregular rectangles of blues and greens accented with violet; the figures are stylized to suggest the contemporary. The smaller side-by-side windows on the left wall as you enter the Chapel are devoted to symbols of the Saviour – on the first the Chi Rho, an anchor symbolizing Jesus Christ the anchor of the soul, and the three nails symbolizing the crucifixion; and on the second an empty cross representing the resurrection, another form of the Chi Rho, and the IHC symbol.
Going around the Chapel to the right, the next four windows form the story of the Nativity and Christ as a young man. The first of these windows shows a landscape and the Star of the Nativity; in the background can be seen the three Wise Men on their way to Bethlehem. The second features the Nativity; the third shows Christ as a young man in Joseph’s workshop holding an ax in His arm while He studies religious writing and teachings. The fourth of this series of windows contains a cross rising from behind the open Bible with the letters VDMA, which stand for the Latin phrase “Verbum Dei Mani Aeternae” – “The word of God endures forever.”
The four windows to the right of the Chapel altar relate to the adult Jesus as Teacher and Saviour. The first features the Hand of God the Father shedding blessings on earth. The next window shows Christ knocking at the door; the landscape behind this one then flowing into the third of this series, which features Christ as a Sower. The fourth window in this series contains the Dove of the Holy Spirit.
The glass used in these Chapel windows is called antique. It is handblown glass made the way glass was done during the Middle Ages. Using the mosaic approach in designing these windows, a change of color was achieved by using a different piece of glass. Any detail, such as hair tone and some parts of the halo, was fired on with special paint to such a temperature that it actually became a part of the glass and is permanent.
When the Chapel was built, additionally the side entrance was rebuilt, the heating system converted to gas, and the entire interior of the church redecorated at a total cost of $125,761. Individual rooms around the outer sides of the Circle Room that were originally used as Sunday School classrooms were converted to much needed offices for the pastor, secretary, and education department head.
At the time of constructing the Chapel and connecting hallway, new doors were installed in both the original side entrance and the Chapel entrance. Each of these doors contains stained glass in the form of a cross. The left hand door symbolizes redemption through Bible teachings found in the Old Testament and the Law of Moses. The head and the left and right arms of the cross form the Trinity, with the Father’s hand on the left, the Chi Rho symbol of the Son at the head, and a dove representing the Holy Spirit on the right. At the base of the cross are the two tablets symbolizing the Old Testament and the Law of Moses. Above this symbol in the window is a globe surmounted by a cross, symbol of the triumph of the gospel.
The window in the right hand door symbolizes redemption through the Church based on Methodist teachings and the New Testament. The left and right arms symbolize two sacraments: baptism as shown by a shell on the left and communion on the right represented by chalice and host. These two sacraments are the physical aids of the Church to help the Christian achieve redemption and salvation as shown in the center panel by the ark with the cross behind it. As a foundation for this we have the teachings of the Church symbolized by a church on a hill in the bottom panel. The missionary spirit of the church is symbolized by the ship in the head of the cross.
A three-year capital fund program begun in 1971 raised approximately $58,300. With this money, the organ was redesigned and rebuilt at a cost of $27,000, a new gas furnace was installed, the Circle Room and church parlors were re-carpeted and redecorated, the church Sanctuary was painted, the Rose Window was covered with a protective acrylic cover, and the worship center of the church was enlarged. With the completion of these improvements, a Sesquicentennial celebration service was held at the church on November 1, 1971.
In 1981 another capital campaign successfully raised money to replace the original 107-year-old slate shingle roof with asphalt shingles underlaid with 30# felt, to provide protective acrylic covers for the stained glass Sanctuary windows, to repair and paint the metal and woodwork on the towers, and to care for other general maintenance and upkeep details.
Church member William Parsons volunteered to remove, disassemble, re-lead, and replace needed portions of all the stained glass windows over a five-year period from 1983-1988. In 1992 he continued his stained glass work by creating three windows in the kitchenette area between the Sanctuary and the Circle Room.
Through 1990, many ongoing maintenance repairs were completed repainting, replacing windows, waterproofing, and necessary replacing of bricks in the exterior of the church. In addition, the education building was covered with rubber roofing material, electrical rewiring was completed, and Italian marble tiles were installed in the narthex entry way at the front of the church.
In 1991-1993, an extensive restoration program was carried out in the Circle Room and Sanctuary. The choir and organ areas were reconstructed to to accommodate the new Schantz pipe organ, a gift given in memory of Edna Cope Quine. Walls were repainted and new carpeting installed, new pew cushions were made, and the ceiling replaced. A new audio sound system and booth were installed to enhance the church’s continuing broadcasting of Sunday services over the local radio station. Exact replicas of original doors and woodworking were manufactured and installed. The reredos that had been inserted in the Sanctuary in 1971 was removed and placed in the Circle Room. A part of the restoration at this time included the replacement of the front steps with granite slabs that had been part of the old Cleveland Press newspaper building in Cleveland. The church celebrated its restoration efforts with its 175th anniversary in 1995.
All of the restoration work culminated in 1998 with the addition of our church building into the National Register of Historic Places, largely through the research and writing efforts of church member Marcia Parsons. The building had previously been accepted into the Lake County Historical Society listing of historic sites.
A strong windstorm in 1998 caused the spire from the upper tower parapet to lean toward the ground. Consequently, yet another capital campaign was held that raised funds to have both towers rebuilt and repaired in 1999. A new and thicker acrylic protective cover was also installed over the Rose Window. All of these efforts cost approximately $236,000.
In 2001, the kitchen next to the social hall was renovated and modernized with new equipment, new cabinets, new flooring, and new painting. The cost of $63,000 was aided by a donation in memory of Audrey Cole for whom the kitchen was renamed. New complete dinnerware settings were also purchased.
A few years later, Fellowship Hall itself was gutted and redecorated. The old side benches were removed, new walls and flooring put in, support columns covered, and decorative glass in the window wells added. Additionally, a corner room was created for storage. Before new tables and chairs arrived, however, heavy rains that caused severe flooding of the Grand River in the City of Painesville, also “uncovered” a previously undetected defect in the west wall foundation of the church, thus causing extensive damage to the remodeled hall. Once the foundation wall had been repaired, the new flooring and some of the new walls also had to be replaced. With the final completion of this remodeling, Fellowship Hall was renamed Parsons Hall in honor of Marcia and Bill Parsons.
In the spring and summer of 2007, construction began to modify the side entrance to the church across from the Chapel, thereby creating an enclosure to house an elevator. This will provide access for handicapped individuals to all three levels of the church as well as an upper level connection to the education building. The youth of the church, along with their many other activities and mission trips, are working to gather funds to provide a cross and flame logo for this newly constructed entrance.
Through the years, the devoted stewardship of church members has provided the vision, the talent, the labor, and the funds to maintain and enhance this beautiful and historic building. We have been blessed.
White Gift Service
In 1904, the minister’s wife, Anna M. Winters, came across an old legend about “The King’s Birthday,” which told of a celebration where white gifts were brought before the king to show loyalty and love, but were wrapped in white paper so that both humble and extravagant gifts would be received with equal edification. This set her thinking – since Christmas was the observance of Our King’s birthday, why couldn’t a similar celebration be done with gifts to the church in honor of the Christ Child. This was the basis of our White Gift Service, the first of which was held right here at PUMC and over the many years since has been adopted by hundreds of churches around the world!
The original proposal for this service was presented to the Official Board of the church and then to Sunday School teachers and officers; the idea was enthusiastically endorsed by both groups. The initial plan noted that people are blessed individually with different gifts, and so the church body could offer not only gifts of Substance but also gifts of Service and Self. The students were asked to make a definite pledge of any of these contributions, sign it, and place it in the white envelope as their gift. At the first service, the envelopes were collected and emptied into a large new and shiny dishpan, and were found to total $300 when calculated afterward – or the 2022 equivalent of $10,045!
Each subsequent year brought new symbolism to the service including all church members. In the sanctuary a platform was usually draped in white with a green tree on each side, as the original legend said the king had done. At the proper time, white curtains were parted to reveal a large white cross. Then, depicting the nativity story in song and pageantry, shepherds and then three wise men came following the star to present their gifts while the hymn “We Three Kings of Orient” was sung. After the wise men arrived, those in the church wishing to make a gift brought their pledge card to the altar. Over the years this portrayal has been adapted based on changing needs throughout the life of the church, but has remained true to the original intent – to invite the congregation to commit themselves in self, service, or substance in honor of the birth of our Savior!
In 1944 our organist Ruth Zearfoss Herman introduced “The March of the Wise Men” to the procession during this service. The song has been played throughout the years by succeeding organists for each White Gift service, and depicts the story of the Wise Men as they journey to Bethlehem. The piece starts out with just organ pedal work, which represents the plodding of the camels carrying the Wise Men. Throughout the piece you can hear the Zimbelsterns on the organ, which represent the star over Bethlehem continuing throughout the entire piece. All of this gradually gets louder as the Wise Men approach Bethlehem. As the herald of the trumpets on the organ join in, the Wise Men have arrived, and at the very end you will hear only the star.
In 2023 we celebrated the 150th anniversary of our historic building right here at 71 N. Park Place, and in so doing presented a re-enactment of our PUMC-original White Gift service during our January 8th worship services as we celebrate the Wise Men finding the newborn King! As you reflect on your journey to the Savior, we invite you to consider ways in which you can be a part of the life of the Painesville United Methodist Church through self, service, and substance.
Susan B Anthony & Women’s Rights Convention
PUMC actually hosted a Women’s Suffrage Convention during a time when so many churches would have (and did!) objected to women being anything besides wives, mothers, and possibly teachers. Susan B. Anthony was actually in this building in 1885 advocating for equal rights for women! Alongside Ms. Anthony were also Lake Erie Seminary (now Lake Erie College) president Dr. Mary B. Evans, Helen Gougar (a female lawyer before women were ever allowed to vote!), and Painesville’s own Frances Jennings-Casement* (who set up the Equal Rights Association of Painesville in 1883). These ladies were in this space to promote the rights of women, along with the representatives of over 150 women’s rights organizations at that time! We were delighted to be able to work with Lakewood-based Women In History, a group dedicated to bringing historic characters “to life” in the most accurate way, to re-enact a portion of the 1885 Women’s Rights Convention during our 2023 Sesquicentennial Celebration. We are proud of our heritage and long-term support of equal rights here at PUMC!
*At the time of our re-enactment we were unable to experience Ms. Casement as a part of our program. However, we were delighted to welcome the character of Rev. Dr. Olympia Brown, the first female to be recognized in the United States as an ordained minister. Rev. Dr. Brown did spend significant time in Ohio and some time in Cleveland generating signatures for a petition of women to own their own homes, property, etc; however, she was never actually inside PUMC as far as we can tell. We were delighted to experience the re-enactment of her character during our Women in History weekend because Rev. Dr. Brown played such a significant role in women’s history and in the history of women in church leadership roles. | history |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.