microsoft/wiki_qa · Datasets at Hugging Face

question_id stringlengths 2 5	question stringlengths 11 120	document_title stringlengths 2 81	answer stringlengths 2 1.08k	label class label 2 classes
Q466	what antibodies are produced in large quantities	Antibody	Antibodies are typically made of basic structural units—each with two large heavy chains and two small light chains .	00
Q466	what antibodies are produced in large quantities	Antibody	There are several different types of antibody heavy chains, and several different kinds of antibodies, which are grouped into different isotypes based on which heavy chain they possess.	00
Q466	what antibodies are produced in large quantities	Antibody	Five different antibody isotypes are known in mammals, which perform different roles, and help direct the appropriate immune response for each different type of foreign object they encounter.	00
Q466	what antibodies are produced in large quantities	Antibody	Though the general structure of all antibodies is very similar, a small region at the tip of the protein is extremely variable, allowing millions of antibodies with slightly different tip structures, or antigen binding sites, to exist.	00
Q466	what antibodies are produced in large quantities	Antibody	This region is known as the hypervariable region.	00
Q466	what antibodies are produced in large quantities	Antibody	Each of these variants can bind to a different antigen.	00
Q466	what antibodies are produced in large quantities	Antibody	This enormous diversity of antibodies allows the immune system to recognize an equally wide variety of antigens.	00
Q466	what antibodies are produced in large quantities	Antibody	The large and diverse population of antibodies is generated by random combinations of a set of gene segments that encode different antigen binding sites (or paratopes), followed by random mutations in this area of the antibody gene, which create further diversity.	00
Q466	what antibodies are produced in large quantities	Antibody	Antibody genes also re-organize in a process called class switching that changes the base of the heavy chain to another, creating a different isotype of the antibody that retains the antigen specific variable region.	00
Q466	what antibodies are produced in large quantities	Antibody	This allows a single antibody to be used by several different parts of the immune system.	00
Q467	what happened to the zodiac killer	Zodiac killer	The symbol used by the Zodiac Killer to sign his correspondence	00
Q467	what happened to the zodiac killer	Zodiac killer	The Zodiac Killer was a serial killer who operated in Northern California in the late 1960s and early 1970s.	00
Q467	what happened to the zodiac killer	Zodiac killer	The killer's identity remains unknown.	00
Q467	what happened to the zodiac killer	Zodiac killer	The Zodiac murdered victims in Benicia , Vallejo , Lake Berryessa , and San Francisco between December 1968 and October 1969.	00
Q467	what happened to the zodiac killer	Zodiac killer	Four men and three women between the ages of 16 and 29 were targeted.	00
Q467	what happened to the zodiac killer	Zodiac killer	The killer originated the name "Zodiac" in a series of taunting letters sent to the local Bay Area press.	00
Q467	what happened to the zodiac killer	Zodiac killer	These letters included four cryptograms (or ciphers ).	00
Q467	what happened to the zodiac killer	Zodiac killer	Of the four cryptograms sent, only one has been definitively solved.	00
Q467	what happened to the zodiac killer	Zodiac killer	Suspects have been named by law enforcement and amateur investigators, but no conclusive evidence has surfaced.	00
Q467	what happened to the zodiac killer	Zodiac killer	In April 2004, the San Francisco Police Department marked the case "inactive", yet re-opened the case at some point prior to March 2007.	00
Q467	what happened to the zodiac killer	Zodiac killer	The case also remains open in the city of Vallejo, as well as in Napa County and Solano County .	00
Q467	what happened to the zodiac killer	Zodiac killer	The California Department of Justice has maintained an open case file on the Zodiac murders since 1969.	00
Q468	what county is jennings, la	Jennings, Louisiana	Jennings is a small city in and the parish seat of Jefferson Davis Parish , Louisiana , United States , near Lake Charles .	11
Q468	what county is jennings, la	Jennings, Louisiana	The population was 10,383 at the 2010 census , a small decline from the 2000 tabulation.	00
Q468	what county is jennings, la	Jennings, Louisiana	The city is 68 percent white.	00
Q468	what county is jennings, la	Jennings, Louisiana	Jennings is the principal city of the Jennings Micropolitan Statistical Area , which includes all of Jefferson Davis Parish.	00
Q468	what county is jennings, la	Jennings, Louisiana	It is also part of the larger Lake Charles-Jennings Combined Statistical Area .	00
Q469	how does nanotechnology affect health	Nanotechnology	Nanotechnology (sometimes shortened to "nanotech") is the manipulation of matter on an atomic and molecular scale.	00
Q469	how does nanotechnology affect health	Nanotechnology	The earliest, widespread description of nanotechnology referred to the particular technological goal of precisely manipulating atoms and molecules for fabrication of macroscale products, also now referred to as molecular nanotechnology .	00
Q469	how does nanotechnology affect health	Nanotechnology	A more generalized description of nanotechnology was subsequently established by the National Nanotechnology Initiative , which defines nanotechnology as the manipulation of matter with at least one dimension sized from 1 to 100 nanometers .	00
Q469	how does nanotechnology affect health	Nanotechnology	This definition reflects the fact that quantum mechanical effects are important at this quantum-realm scale, and so the definition shifted from a particular technological goal to a research category inclusive of all types of research and technologies that deal with the special properties of matter that occur below the given size threshold.	00
Q469	how does nanotechnology affect health	Nanotechnology	It is therefore common to see the plural form "nanotechnologies" as well as "nanoscale technologies" to refer to the broad range of research and applications whose common trait is size.	00
Q469	how does nanotechnology affect health	Nanotechnology	Because of the variety of potential applications (including industrial and military), governments have invested billions of dollars in nanotechnology research.	00
Q469	how does nanotechnology affect health	Nanotechnology	Through its National Nanotechnology Initiative, the USA has invested 3.7 billion dollars.	00
Q469	how does nanotechnology affect health	Nanotechnology	The European Union has invested 1.2 billion and Japan 750 million dollars.	00
Q469	how does nanotechnology affect health	Nanotechnology	Nanotechnology as defined by size is naturally very broad, including fields of science as diverse as surface science , organic chemistry , molecular biology , semiconductor physics , microfabrication , etc.	00
Q469	how does nanotechnology affect health	Nanotechnology	The associated research and applications are equally diverse, ranging from extensions of conventional device physics to completely new approaches based upon molecular self-assembly , from developing new materials with dimensions on the nanoscale to direct control of matter on the atomic scale .	00
Q469	how does nanotechnology affect health	Nanotechnology	Scientists currently debate the future implications of nanotechnology .	00
Q469	how does nanotechnology affect health	Nanotechnology	Nanotechnology may be able to create many new materials and devices with a vast range of applications , such as in medicine , electronics , biomaterials and energy production.	11
Q469	how does nanotechnology affect health	Nanotechnology	On the other hand, nanotechnology raises many of the same issues as any new technology, including concerns about the toxicity and environmental impact of nanomaterials, and their potential effects on global economics, as well as speculation about various doomsday scenarios .	00
Q469	how does nanotechnology affect health	Nanotechnology	These concerns have led to a debate among advocacy groups and governments on whether special regulation of nanotechnology is warranted.	00
Q470	what countries were depended on USSR after 1945	Eastern Bloc	Map of the Eastern Bloc	00
Q470	what countries were depended on USSR after 1945	Eastern Bloc	The term Eastern Bloc or Communist Bloc refers to the former communist states of Central and Eastern Europe , generally the Soviet Union and the countries of the Warsaw Pact .	00
Q470	what countries were depended on USSR after 1945	Eastern Bloc	The terms Communist Bloc and Soviet Bloc were also used to denote groupings of states aligned with the Soviet Union, although these terms might include states outside Central and Eastern Europe .	00
Q472	what day does election results for a new governor start in NJ	New Jersey gubernatorial election, 2009	The New Jersey gubernatorial election of 2009 took place on November 3, 2009.	00
Q472	what day does election results for a new governor start in NJ	New Jersey gubernatorial election, 2009	Democratic Governor Jon Corzine was running for a second term and was being challenged by Republican Chris Christie , Independent Christopher Daggett and nine others, in addition to several write-in candidates .	00
Q472	what day does election results for a new governor start in NJ	New Jersey gubernatorial election, 2009	Christie won the election, with about 48.5 percent of the vote, to 44.9 percent for Corzine and 5.8 percent for Daggett.	00
Q472	what day does election results for a new governor start in NJ	New Jersey gubernatorial election, 2009	Christie won the largest margin for a first term Republican since 1969.	00
Q472	what day does election results for a new governor start in NJ	New Jersey gubernatorial election, 2009	Christie assumed office on January 19, 2010.	00
Q472	what day does election results for a new governor start in NJ	New Jersey gubernatorial election, 2009	This was the first election to fill the newly created office of Lieutenant Governor .	00
Q472	what day does election results for a new governor start in NJ	New Jersey gubernatorial election, 2009	The candidates for governor and lieutenant governor were joined together as a single choice, so that voters did not have the opportunity to split the ticket.	00
Q472	what day does election results for a new governor start in NJ	New Jersey gubernatorial election, 2009	Kim Guadagno , Christie's running mate, became New Jersey's first lieutenant governor following her inauguration.	00
Q473	how much does united states spend on health care	Health care in the United States	Health care in the United States is provided by many distinct organizations.	00
Q473	how much does united states spend on health care	Health care in the United States	Health care facilities are largely owned and operated by private sector businesses.	00
Q473	how much does united states spend on health care	Health care in the United States	Health insurance for public sector employees is primarily provided by the government.	00
Q473	how much does united states spend on health care	Health care in the United States	60-65% of healthcare provision and spending comes from programs such as Medicare , Medicaid , TRICARE , the Children's Health Insurance Program , and the Veterans Health Administration .	00
Q473	how much does united states spend on health care	Health care in the United States	Most of the population under 65 is insured by their or a family member's employer, some buy health insurance on their own, and the remainder are uninsured.	00
Q473	how much does united states spend on health care	Health care in the United States	Of 17 high-income countries studied by the National Institutes of Health in 2013, the United States was at or near the bottom in infant mortality , heart and lung disease, sexually transmitted infections, adolescent pregnancies, injuries, homicides, and rates of disability.	00
Q473	how much does united states spend on health care	Health care in the United States	Together, such issues place the U.S. at the bottom of the list for life expectancy.	00
Q473	how much does united states spend on health care	Health care in the United States	On average, a U.S. male can be expected to live almost four fewer years than those in the top-ranked country.	00
Q473	how much does united states spend on health care	Health care in the United States	According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the United States spent more on health care per capita ($7,146), and more on health care as percentage of its GDP (15.2%), than any other nation in 2008.	11
Q473	how much does united states spend on health care	Health care in the United States	The Commonwealth Fund ranked the United States last in the quality of health care among similar countries, and notes U.S. care costs the most.	00
Q473	how much does united states spend on health care	Health care in the United States	The U.S. Census Bureau reported that 49.9 million residents, 16.3% of the population, were uninsured in 2010 (up from 49.0 million residents, 16.1% of the population, in 2009).	00
Q473	how much does united states spend on health care	Health care in the United States	A 2004 Institute of Medicine (IOM) report said: "The United States is among the few industrialized nations in the world that does not guarantee access to health care for its population."	00
Q473	how much does united states spend on health care	Health care in the United States	A 2004 OECD report said: "With the exception of Mexico, Turkey, and the United States, all OECD countries had achieved universal or near-universal (at least 98.4% insured) coverage of their populations by 1990."	00
Q473	how much does united states spend on health care	Health care in the United States	A 2010 report observed that lack of health insurance causes roughly 48,000 unnecessary deaths every year in the United States.	00
Q473	how much does united states spend on health care	Health care in the United States	In 2007, 62.1% of filers for bankruptcies claimed high medical expenses.	00
Q473	how much does united states spend on health care	Health care in the United States	A 2013 study found that about 25% of all senior citizens declare bankruptcy due to medical expenses, and 43% are forced to mortgage or sell their primary residence.	00
Q473	how much does united states spend on health care	Health care in the United States	On March 23, 2010, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) became law, providing for major changes in health insurance.	00
Q474	how much water is the human body made of	Body water	In physiology , body water is the water content of the human body .	00
Q474	how much water is the human body made of	Body water	A significant fraction of the human body is water.	00
Q474	how much water is the human body made of	Body water	Arthur Guyton 's Textbook of Medical Physiology states that "the total amount of water in a man of average weight (70 kilograms) is approximately 40 litres, averaging 57 percent of his total body weight.	00
Q474	how much water is the human body made of	Body water	In a newborn infant, this may be as high as 75 percent of the body weight, but it progressively decreases from birth to old age, most of the decrease occurring during the first 10 years of life.	00
Q474	how much water is the human body made of	Body water	Also, obesity decreases the percentage of water in the body, sometimes to as low as 45 percent".	00
Q474	how much water is the human body made of	Body water	These figures are statistical averages, so are illustrative, and like all biostatistics, will vary with things like type of population, age and number of people sampled, and methodology.	00
Q474	how much water is the human body made of	Body water	So there is not, and cannot be, a figure that is exactly the same for all people, for this or any other physiological measure.	00
Q474	how much water is the human body made of	Body water	For example, Jackson's (1985) Anatomy & Physiology for Nurses gives a figure of 60% for the proportion of body-weight attributable to water, which approximates Guyton's 57%.	00
Q474	how much water is the human body made of	Body water	In diseased states where body water is affected, the compartment or compartments that have changed can give clues to the nature of the problem.	00
Q474	how much water is the human body made of	Body water	Body water is regulated by hormones , including anti-diuretic hormone (ADH), aldosterone and atrial natriuretic peptide .	00
Q474	how much water is the human body made of	Body water	Per Netter's Atlas of Human Physiology, body water is broken down into the following compartments:	00
Q474	how much water is the human body made of	Body water	Intracellular fluid (2/3 of body water).	00
Q474	how much water is the human body made of	Body water	Per Guyton, in a body containing 40 litres of fluid, about 25 litres is intracellular, which amounts to 62.5% (5/8), close enough to the 2/3 rule of thumb.	00
Q474	how much water is the human body made of	Body water	Jackson's texts states 70% of body fluid is intracellular.	00
Q474	how much water is the human body made of	Body water	Extracellular fluid (1/3 of body water).	00
Q474	how much water is the human body made of	Body water	Per Guyton's illustration, for a 40 litre body, about 15 litres is extracellular, which amounts to 37.5% Again, this is close to the 1/3 rule of thumb cited here.	00
Q474	how much water is the human body made of	Body water	Plasma (1/5 of extracellular fluid).	00
Q474	how much water is the human body made of	Body water	Per Guyton's illustration, of the 15 litres of extracellular fluid, plasma volume averages 3 litres.	00
Q474	how much water is the human body made of	Body water	This amounts to 20%, the same as per Netter's Atlas.	00
Q474	how much water is the human body made of	Body water	Interstitial fluid (4/5 of extracellular fluid)	00
Q474	how much water is the human body made of	Body water	Transcellular fluid (a.k.a. "third space," normally ignored in calculations)	00
Q474	how much water is the human body made of	Body water	Contained inside organs, such as the gastrointestinal , cerebrospinal , peritoneal, and ocular fluids.	00
Q475	what does low self esteem mean	Self-esteem	Self-esteem is a term used in psychology to reflect a person 's overall emotional evaluation of his or her own worth.	00
Q475	what does low self esteem mean	Self-esteem	It is a judgement of oneself as well as an attitude toward the self.	00
Q475	what does low self esteem mean	Self-esteem	Self-esteem encompasses beliefs (for example, "I am competent," "I am worthy") and emotions such as triumph, despair , pride and shame .	00
Q475	what does low self esteem mean	Self-esteem	Smith and Mackie define it by saying "The self-concept is what we think about the self; self-esteem, is the positive or negative evaluations of the self, as in how we feel about it."	00
Q475	what does low self esteem mean	Self-esteem	Self-esteem is also known as the evaluative dimension of the self that includes feelings of worthiness, prides and discouragement.	00
Q475	what does low self esteem mean	Self-esteem	One's self-esteem is also closely associated with self-consciousness .	00
Q475	what does low self esteem mean	Self-esteem	Self-esteem is a disposition that a person has which represents their judgements of their own worthiness.	00
Q475	what does low self esteem mean	Self-esteem	In the mid-1960s, Morris Rosenberg and social-learning theorists defined self-esteem as a personal worth or worthiness.	00
Q475	what does low self esteem mean	Self-esteem	Nathaniel Branden in 1969 defined self-esteem as "the experience of being competent to cope with the basic challenges of life and being worthy of happiness."	00

Q466

what antibodies are produced in large quantities

Antibody

Antibodies are typically made of basic structural units—each with two large heavy chains and two small light chains .

00

Q466

what antibodies are produced in large quantities

Antibody

There are several different types of antibody heavy chains, and several different kinds of antibodies, which are grouped into different isotypes based on which heavy chain they possess.

00

Q466

what antibodies are produced in large quantities

Antibody

Five different antibody isotypes are known in mammals, which perform different roles, and help direct the appropriate immune response for each different type of foreign object they encounter.

00

Q466

what antibodies are produced in large quantities

Antibody

Though the general structure of all antibodies is very similar, a small region at the tip of the protein is extremely variable, allowing millions of antibodies with slightly different tip structures, or antigen binding sites, to exist.

00

Q466

what antibodies are produced in large quantities

Antibody

This region is known as the hypervariable region.

00

Q466

what antibodies are produced in large quantities

Antibody

Each of these variants can bind to a different antigen.

00

Q466

what antibodies are produced in large quantities

Antibody

This enormous diversity of antibodies allows the immune system to recognize an equally wide variety of antigens.

00

Q466

what antibodies are produced in large quantities

Antibody

The large and diverse population of antibodies is generated by random combinations of a set of gene segments that encode different antigen binding sites (or paratopes), followed by random mutations in this area of the antibody gene, which create further diversity.

00

Q466

what antibodies are produced in large quantities

Antibody

Antibody genes also re-organize in a process called class switching that changes the base of the heavy chain to another, creating a different isotype of the antibody that retains the antigen specific variable region.

00

Q466

what antibodies are produced in large quantities

Antibody

This allows a single antibody to be used by several different parts of the immune system.

00

Q467

what happened to the zodiac killer

Zodiac killer

The symbol used by the Zodiac Killer to sign his correspondence

00

Q467

what happened to the zodiac killer

Zodiac killer

The Zodiac Killer was a serial killer who operated in Northern California in the late 1960s and early 1970s.

00

Q467

what happened to the zodiac killer

Zodiac killer

The killer's identity remains unknown.

00

Q467

what happened to the zodiac killer

Zodiac killer

The Zodiac murdered victims in Benicia , Vallejo , Lake Berryessa , and San Francisco between December 1968 and October 1969.

00

Q467

what happened to the zodiac killer

Zodiac killer

Four men and three women between the ages of 16 and 29 were targeted.

00

Q467

what happened to the zodiac killer

Zodiac killer

The killer originated the name "Zodiac" in a series of taunting letters sent to the local Bay Area press.

00

Q467

what happened to the zodiac killer

Zodiac killer

These letters included four cryptograms (or ciphers ).

00

Q467

what happened to the zodiac killer

Zodiac killer

Of the four cryptograms sent, only one has been definitively solved.

00

Q467

what happened to the zodiac killer

Zodiac killer

Suspects have been named by law enforcement and amateur investigators, but no conclusive evidence has surfaced.

00

Q467

what happened to the zodiac killer

Zodiac killer

In April 2004, the San Francisco Police Department marked the case "inactive", yet re-opened the case at some point prior to March 2007.

00

Q467

what happened to the zodiac killer

Zodiac killer

The case also remains open in the city of Vallejo, as well as in Napa County and Solano County .

00

Q467

what happened to the zodiac killer

Zodiac killer

The California Department of Justice has maintained an open case file on the Zodiac murders since 1969.

00

Q468

what county is jennings, la

Jennings, Louisiana

Jennings is a small city in and the parish seat of Jefferson Davis Parish , Louisiana , United States , near Lake Charles .

11

Q468

what county is jennings, la

Jennings, Louisiana

The population was 10,383 at the 2010 census , a small decline from the 2000 tabulation.

00

Q468

what county is jennings, la

Jennings, Louisiana

The city is 68 percent white.

00

Q468

what county is jennings, la

Jennings, Louisiana

Jennings is the principal city of the Jennings Micropolitan Statistical Area , which includes all of Jefferson Davis Parish.

00

Q468

what county is jennings, la

Jennings, Louisiana

It is also part of the larger Lake Charles-Jennings Combined Statistical Area .

00

Q469

how does nanotechnology affect health

Nanotechnology

Nanotechnology (sometimes shortened to "nanotech") is the manipulation of matter on an atomic and molecular scale.

00

Q469

how does nanotechnology affect health

Nanotechnology

The earliest, widespread description of nanotechnology referred to the particular technological goal of precisely manipulating atoms and molecules for fabrication of macroscale products, also now referred to as molecular nanotechnology .

00

Q469

how does nanotechnology affect health

Nanotechnology

A more generalized description of nanotechnology was subsequently established by the National Nanotechnology Initiative , which defines nanotechnology as the manipulation of matter with at least one dimension sized from 1 to 100 nanometers .

00

Q469

how does nanotechnology affect health

Nanotechnology

This definition reflects the fact that quantum mechanical effects are important at this quantum-realm scale, and so the definition shifted from a particular technological goal to a research category inclusive of all types of research and technologies that deal with the special properties of matter that occur below the given size threshold.

00

Q469

how does nanotechnology affect health

Nanotechnology

It is therefore common to see the plural form "nanotechnologies" as well as "nanoscale technologies" to refer to the broad range of research and applications whose common trait is size.

00

Q469

how does nanotechnology affect health

Nanotechnology

Because of the variety of potential applications (including industrial and military), governments have invested billions of dollars in nanotechnology research.

00

Q469

how does nanotechnology affect health

Nanotechnology

Through its National Nanotechnology Initiative, the USA has invested 3.7 billion dollars.

00

Q469

how does nanotechnology affect health

Nanotechnology

The European Union has invested 1.2 billion and Japan 750 million dollars.

00

Q469

how does nanotechnology affect health

Nanotechnology

Nanotechnology as defined by size is naturally very broad, including fields of science as diverse as surface science , organic chemistry , molecular biology , semiconductor physics , microfabrication , etc.

00

Q469

how does nanotechnology affect health

Nanotechnology

The associated research and applications are equally diverse, ranging from extensions of conventional device physics to completely new approaches based upon molecular self-assembly , from developing new materials with dimensions on the nanoscale to direct control of matter on the atomic scale .

00

Q469

how does nanotechnology affect health

Nanotechnology

Scientists currently debate the future implications of nanotechnology .

00

Q469

how does nanotechnology affect health

Nanotechnology

Nanotechnology may be able to create many new materials and devices with a vast range of applications , such as in medicine , electronics , biomaterials and energy production.

11

Q469

how does nanotechnology affect health

Nanotechnology

On the other hand, nanotechnology raises many of the same issues as any new technology, including concerns about the toxicity and environmental impact of nanomaterials, and their potential effects on global economics, as well as speculation about various doomsday scenarios .

00

Q469

how does nanotechnology affect health

Nanotechnology

These concerns have led to a debate among advocacy groups and governments on whether special regulation of nanotechnology is warranted.

00

Q470

what countries were depended on USSR after 1945

Eastern Bloc

Map of the Eastern Bloc

00

Q470

what countries were depended on USSR after 1945

Eastern Bloc

The term Eastern Bloc or Communist Bloc refers to the former communist states of Central and Eastern Europe , generally the Soviet Union and the countries of the Warsaw Pact .

00

Q470

what countries were depended on USSR after 1945

Eastern Bloc

The terms Communist Bloc and Soviet Bloc were also used to denote groupings of states aligned with the Soviet Union, although these terms might include states outside Central and Eastern Europe .

00

Q472

what day does election results for a new governor start in NJ

New Jersey gubernatorial election, 2009

The New Jersey gubernatorial election of 2009 took place on November 3, 2009.

00

Q472

what day does election results for a new governor start in NJ

New Jersey gubernatorial election, 2009

Democratic Governor Jon Corzine was running for a second term and was being challenged by Republican Chris Christie , Independent Christopher Daggett and nine others, in addition to several write-in candidates .

00

Q472

what day does election results for a new governor start in NJ

New Jersey gubernatorial election, 2009

Christie won the election, with about 48.5 percent of the vote, to 44.9 percent for Corzine and 5.8 percent for Daggett.

00

Q472

what day does election results for a new governor start in NJ

New Jersey gubernatorial election, 2009

Christie won the largest margin for a first term Republican since 1969.

00

Q472

what day does election results for a new governor start in NJ

New Jersey gubernatorial election, 2009

Christie assumed office on January 19, 2010.

00

Q472

what day does election results for a new governor start in NJ

New Jersey gubernatorial election, 2009

This was the first election to fill the newly created office of Lieutenant Governor .

00

Q472

what day does election results for a new governor start in NJ

New Jersey gubernatorial election, 2009

The candidates for governor and lieutenant governor were joined together as a single choice, so that voters did not have the opportunity to split the ticket.

00

Q472

what day does election results for a new governor start in NJ

New Jersey gubernatorial election, 2009

Kim Guadagno , Christie's running mate, became New Jersey's first lieutenant governor following her inauguration.

00

Q473

how much does united states spend on health care

Health care in the United States

Health care in the United States is provided by many distinct organizations.

00

Q473

how much does united states spend on health care

Health care in the United States

Health care facilities are largely owned and operated by private sector businesses.

00

Q473

how much does united states spend on health care

Health care in the United States

Health insurance for public sector employees is primarily provided by the government.

00

Q473

how much does united states spend on health care

Health care in the United States

60-65% of healthcare provision and spending comes from programs such as Medicare , Medicaid , TRICARE , the Children's Health Insurance Program , and the Veterans Health Administration .

00

Q473

how much does united states spend on health care

Health care in the United States

Most of the population under 65 is insured by their or a family member's employer, some buy health insurance on their own, and the remainder are uninsured.

00

Q473

how much does united states spend on health care

Health care in the United States

Of 17 high-income countries studied by the National Institutes of Health in 2013, the United States was at or near the bottom in infant mortality , heart and lung disease, sexually transmitted infections, adolescent pregnancies, injuries, homicides, and rates of disability.

00

Q473

how much does united states spend on health care

Health care in the United States

Together, such issues place the U.S. at the bottom of the list for life expectancy.

00

Q473

how much does united states spend on health care

Health care in the United States

On average, a U.S. male can be expected to live almost four fewer years than those in the top-ranked country.

00

Q473

how much does united states spend on health care

Health care in the United States

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the United States spent more on health care per capita ($7,146), and more on health care as percentage of its GDP (15.2%), than any other nation in 2008.

11

Q473

how much does united states spend on health care

Health care in the United States

The Commonwealth Fund ranked the United States last in the quality of health care among similar countries, and notes U.S. care costs the most.

00

Q473

how much does united states spend on health care

Health care in the United States

The U.S. Census Bureau reported that 49.9 million residents, 16.3% of the population, were uninsured in 2010 (up from 49.0 million residents, 16.1% of the population, in 2009).

00

Q473

how much does united states spend on health care

Health care in the United States

A 2004 Institute of Medicine (IOM) report said: "The United States is among the few industrialized nations in the world that does not guarantee access to health care for its population."

00

Q473

how much does united states spend on health care

Health care in the United States

A 2004 OECD report said: "With the exception of Mexico, Turkey, and the United States, all OECD countries had achieved universal or near-universal (at least 98.4% insured) coverage of their populations by 1990."

00

Q473

how much does united states spend on health care

Health care in the United States

A 2010 report observed that lack of health insurance causes roughly 48,000 unnecessary deaths every year in the United States.

00

Q473

how much does united states spend on health care

Health care in the United States

In 2007, 62.1% of filers for bankruptcies claimed high medical expenses.

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how much does united states spend on health care

Health care in the United States

A 2013 study found that about 25% of all senior citizens declare bankruptcy due to medical expenses, and 43% are forced to mortgage or sell their primary residence.

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how much does united states spend on health care

Health care in the United States

On March 23, 2010, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) became law, providing for major changes in health insurance.

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