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56d2955559d6e414001460e4 | Buddhism | Various classes of Vajrayana literature developed as a result of royal courts sponsoring both Buddhism and Saivism. The Mañjusrimulakalpa, which later came to classified under Kriyatantra, states that mantras taught in the Saiva, Garuda and Vaisnava tantras will exist effective if applied by Buddhists since they were all taught originally by Manjushri. The Guhyasiddhi of Padmavajra, a work associated with the Guhyasamaja tradition, prescribes acting as a Saiva guru and initiating members into Saiva Siddhanta scriptures and mandalas. The Samvara tantra texts adopted the pitha list from the Saiva text Tantrasadbhava, introducing a copying error where a deity was mistaken for a place. | What work is associated with Guhyasamaja tradition? | {
"text": [
"The Guhyasiddhi of Padmavajra"
],
"answer_start": [
352
]
} |
56d295de59d6e414001460e8 | Buddhism | Buddhist scriptures and other texts exist in great variety. Different schools of Buddhism place varying levels of value on learning the various texts. Some schools venerate sure texts as religious objects in themselves, while others take a more scholastic approach. Buddhist scriptures are mainly written in Pāli, Tibetan, Mongolian, and Chinese. Some texts still exist in Sanskrit and Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit. | There is a great variety of what type of scripture? | {
"text": [
"Buddhist"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
56d295de59d6e414001460e9 | Buddhism | Buddhist scriptures and other texts exist in great variety. Different schools of Buddhism place varying levels of value on learning the various texts. Some schools venerate sure texts as religious objects in themselves, while others take a more scholastic approach. Buddhist scriptures are mainly written in Pāli, Tibetan, Mongolian, and Chinese. Some texts still exist in Sanskrit and Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit. | Some schools venerate certain texts as religious what? | {
"text": [
"objects"
],
"answer_start": [
200
]
} |
56d296f259d6e414001460f8 | Buddhism | Unlike many religions, Buddhism has no individual central text that is universally referred to by all traditions. However, some scholars have referred to the Vinaya Pitaka and the first four Nikayas of the Sutta Pitaka as the common core of all Buddhist traditions.[page needed] This could be considered misleading, as Mahāyāna considers these merely a preliminary, and not a core, teaching. The Tibetan Buddhists have not even translated most of the āgamas (though theoretically they recognize them) and they play no part in the religious life of either clergy or laity in China and Japan. Other scholars say there is no universally accepted common core. The size and complexity of the Buddhist canons have been seen by some (including Buddhist social reformer Babasaheb Ambedkar) as presenting barriers to the wider understanding of Buddhist philosophy. | Unlike most religions, Buddhism has no single central what? | {
"text": [
"text"
],
"answer_start": [
54
]
} |
56d296f259d6e414001460fa | Buddhism | Unlike many religions, Buddhism has no individual central text that is universally referred to by all traditions. However, some scholars have referred to the Vinaya Pitaka and the first four Nikayas of the Sutta Pitaka as the common core of all Buddhist traditions.[page needed] This could be considered misleading, as Mahāyāna considers these merely a preliminary, and not a core, teaching. The Tibetan Buddhists have not even translated most of the āgamas (though theoretically they recognize them) and they play no part in the religious life of either clergy or laity in China and Japan. Other scholars say there is no universally accepted common core. The size and complexity of the Buddhist canons have been seen by some (including Buddhist social reformer Babasaheb Ambedkar) as presenting barriers to the wider understanding of Buddhist philosophy. | Tibetan Buddhists have not even translated most of the what? | {
"text": [
"āgamas"
],
"answer_start": [
447
]
} |
56d296f259d6e414001460fb | Buddhism | Unlike many religions, Buddhism has no individual central text that is universally referred to by all traditions. However, some scholars have referred to the Vinaya Pitaka and the first four Nikayas of the Sutta Pitaka as the common core of all Buddhist traditions.[page needed] This could be considered misleading, as Mahāyāna considers these merely a preliminary, and not a core, teaching. The Tibetan Buddhists have not even translated most of the āgamas (though theoretically they recognize them) and they play no part in the religious life of either clergy or laity in China and Japan. Other scholars say there is no universally accepted common core. The size and complexity of the Buddhist canons have been seen by some (including Buddhist social reformer Babasaheb Ambedkar) as presenting barriers to the wider understanding of Buddhist philosophy. | Some scholars say there is no universally accepted common what? | {
"text": [
"core"
],
"answer_start": [
229
]
} |
56d296f259d6e414001460fc | Buddhism | Unlike many religions, Buddhism has no individual central text that is universally referred to by all traditions. However, some scholars have referred to the Vinaya Pitaka and the first four Nikayas of the Sutta Pitaka as the common core of all Buddhist traditions.[page needed] This could be considered misleading, as Mahāyāna considers these merely a preliminary, and not a core, teaching. The Tibetan Buddhists have not even translated most of the āgamas (though theoretically they recognize them) and they play no part in the religious life of either clergy or laity in China and Japan. Other scholars say there is no universally accepted common core. The size and complexity of the Buddhist canons have been seen by some (including Buddhist social reformer Babasaheb Ambedkar) as presenting barriers to the wider understanding of Buddhist philosophy. | What has been seen by some as a hinderance to understanding Buddhist philosophy? | {
"text": [
"size and complexity of the Buddhist canons"
],
"answer_start": [
656
]
} |
56d2981a59d6e41400146112 | Buddhism | Over the years, various attempts have been made to synthesise a single Buddhist text that can encompass all of the major principles of Buddhism. In the Theravada tradition, condensed 'study texts' were created that combined popular or influential scriptures into single volumes that could be studied by novice monks. Later in Sri Lanka, the Dhammapada was championed as a unifying scripture. | In Sri Lanka, what was determined to be the best unifying scripture? | {
"text": [
"Dhammapada"
],
"answer_start": [
341
]
} |
56d2981a59d6e41400146113 | Buddhism | Over the years, various attempts have been made to synthesise a single Buddhist text that can encompass all of the major principles of Buddhism. In the Theravada tradition, condensed 'study texts' were created that combined popular or influential scriptures into single volumes that could be studied by novice monks. Later in Sri Lanka, the Dhammapada was championed as a unifying scripture. | There have been attempts to create a single text with all the main ideas of what religion? | {
"text": [
"Buddhism"
],
"answer_start": [
135
]
} |
56d2981a59d6e41400146114 | Buddhism | Over the years, various attempts have been made to synthesise a single Buddhist text that can encompass all of the major principles of Buddhism. In the Theravada tradition, condensed 'study texts' were created that combined popular or influential scriptures into single volumes that could be studied by novice monks. Later in Sri Lanka, the Dhammapada was championed as a unifying scripture. | condensed study texts where created in what tradition? | {
"text": [
"Theravada"
],
"answer_start": [
152
]
} |
56d298dd59d6e41400146118 | Buddhism | Dwight Goddard collected a sample of Buddhist scriptures, with the emphasis on Zen, along with other classics of Eastern philosophy, such as the Tao Te Ching, into his 'Buddhist Bible' in the 1920s. More recently, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar attempted to make a single, combined document of Buddhist principles in "The Buddha and His Dhamma". Other such efforts have persisted to present day, but currently there is no single text that represents all Buddhist traditions. | Goddard collected mainly what type of Buddhist scripture? | {
"text": [
"Zen"
],
"answer_start": [
79
]
} |
56d298dd59d6e4140014611a | Buddhism | Dwight Goddard collected a sample of Buddhist scriptures, with the emphasis on Zen, along with other classics of Eastern philosophy, such as the Tao Te Ching, into his 'Buddhist Bible' in the 1920s. More recently, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar attempted to make a single, combined document of Buddhist principles in "The Buddha and His Dhamma". Other such efforts have persisted to present day, but currently there is no single text that represents all Buddhist traditions. | Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar attempted to create a single combined document with all Buddhist principles and called it? | {
"text": [
"The Buddha and His Dhamma"
],
"answer_start": [
312
]
} |
56d29a9a59d6e4140014611e | Buddhism | The Pāli Tipitaka, which means "three baskets", refers to the Vinaya Pitaka, the Sutta Pitaka, and the Abhidhamma Pitaka. The Vinaya Pitaka contains disciplinary rules for the Buddhist monks and nuns, as well as explanations of why and how these rules were instituted, supporting material, and doctrinal clarification. The Sutta Pitaka contains discourses ascribed to Gautama Buddha. The Abhidhamma Pitaka contains corporeal often described as systematic expositions of the Gautama Buddha's teachings. | What means "three baskets"? | {
"text": [
"Pāli Tipitaka"
],
"answer_start": [
4
]
} |
56d29a9a59d6e4140014611f | Buddhism | The Pāli Tipitaka, which means "three baskets", refers to the Vinaya Pitaka, the Sutta Pitaka, and the Abhidhamma Pitaka. The Vinaya Pitaka contains disciplinary rules for the Buddhist monks and nuns, as well as explanations of why and how these rules were instituted, supporting material, and doctrinal clarification. The Sutta Pitaka contains discourses ascribed to Gautama Buddha. The Abhidhamma Pitaka contains corporeal often described as systematic expositions of the Gautama Buddha's teachings. | What does the "three baskets" refer to? | {
"text": [
"the Vinaya Pitaka, the Sutta Pitaka, and the Abhidhamma Pitaka"
],
"answer_start": [
58
]
} |
56d29a9a59d6e41400146120 | Buddhism | The Pāli Tipitaka, which means "three baskets", refers to the Vinaya Pitaka, the Sutta Pitaka, and the Abhidhamma Pitaka. The Vinaya Pitaka contains disciplinary rules for the Buddhist monks and nuns, as well as explanations of why and how these rules were instituted, supporting material, and doctrinal clarification. The Sutta Pitaka contains discourses ascribed to Gautama Buddha. The Abhidhamma Pitaka contains corporeal often described as systematic expositions of the Gautama Buddha's teachings. | What contains disciplinary rules for Buddhist Monks and nuns? | {
"text": [
"Vinaya Pitaka"
],
"answer_start": [
62
]
} |
56d29a9a59d6e41400146121 | Buddhism | The Pāli Tipitaka, which means "three baskets", refers to the Vinaya Pitaka, the Sutta Pitaka, and the Abhidhamma Pitaka. The Vinaya Pitaka contains disciplinary rules for the Buddhist monks and nuns, as well as explanations of why and how these rules were instituted, supporting material, and doctrinal clarification. The Sutta Pitaka contains discourses ascribed to Gautama Buddha. The Abhidhamma Pitaka contains corporeal often described as systematic expositions of the Gautama Buddha's teachings. | What contains discourses ascribed to Gautama Buddha? | {
"text": [
"the Sutta Pitaka"
],
"answer_start": [
77
]
} |
56d29a9a59d6e41400146122 | Buddhism | The Pāli Tipitaka, which means "three baskets", refers to the Vinaya Pitaka, the Sutta Pitaka, and the Abhidhamma Pitaka. The Vinaya Pitaka contains disciplinary rules for the Buddhist monks and nuns, as well as explanations of why and how these rules were instituted, supporting material, and doctrinal clarification. The Sutta Pitaka contains discourses ascribed to Gautama Buddha. The Abhidhamma Pitaka contains corporeal often described as systematic expositions of the Gautama Buddha's teachings. | What contains material ofen described as systematic expositions of the Gautama Buddha teachings? | {
"text": [
"Abhidhamma Pitaka"
],
"answer_start": [
103
]
} |
56d29b0e59d6e41400146128 | Buddhism | The Pāli Tipitaka is the only early Tipitaka (Sanskrit: Tripiṭaka) to last intact in its original language, but a number of early schools had their own recensions of the Tipitaka featuring much of the same material. We have portions of the Tipitakas of the Sārvāstivāda, Dharmaguptaka, Sammitya, Mahāsaṅghika, Kāśyapīya, and Mahīśāsaka schools, most of which last in Chinese translation only. According to some sources, some early schools of Buddhism had five or seven pitakas. | What is the only Tipitaka to survive intact in its original language? | {
"text": [
"Pāli Tipitaka"
],
"answer_start": [
4
]
} |
56d29b0e59d6e41400146129 | Buddhism | The Pāli Tipitaka is the only early Tipitaka (Sanskrit: Tripiṭaka) to last intact in its original language, but a number of early schools had their own recensions of the Tipitaka featuring much of the same material. We have portions of the Tipitakas of the Sārvāstivāda, Dharmaguptaka, Sammitya, Mahāsaṅghika, Kāśyapīya, and Mahīśāsaka schools, most of which last in Chinese translation only. According to some sources, some early schools of Buddhism had five or seven pitakas. | Is is said that some early schools of buddhism had how many pitakas? | {
"text": [
"five or seven"
],
"answer_start": [
461
]
} |
56d29bca59d6e4140014612c | Buddhism | According to the scriptures, soon after the death of the Buddha, the first Buddhist council was held; a monk named Mahākāśyapa (Pāli: Mahākassapa) presided. The goal of the council was to enter the Buddha's teachings. Upāli recited the vinaya. Ānanda, the Buddha's personal attendant, was called upon to recite the dhamma. These became the basis of the Tripitaka. However, this enter was initially transmitted orally in form of chanting, and was committed to text in the last century BCE. Both the sūtras and the vinaya of every Buddhist school contain a wide variety of elements including discourses on the Dharma, commentaries on other teachings, cosmological and cosmogonical texts, stories of the Gautama Buddha's previous lives, and various other subjects. | Which monk presided after the death of the Buddha? | {
"text": [
"Mahākāśyapa"
],
"answer_start": [
115
]
} |
56d29bca59d6e4140014612d | Buddhism | According to the scriptures, soon after the death of the Buddha, the first Buddhist council was held; a monk named Mahākāśyapa (Pāli: Mahākassapa) presided. The goal of the council was to enter the Buddha's teachings. Upāli recited the vinaya. Ānanda, the Buddha's personal attendant, was called upon to recite the dhamma. These became the basis of the Tripitaka. However, this enter was initially transmitted orally in form of chanting, and was committed to text in the last century BCE. Both the sūtras and the vinaya of every Buddhist school contain a wide variety of elements including discourses on the Dharma, commentaries on other teachings, cosmological and cosmogonical texts, stories of the Gautama Buddha's previous lives, and various other subjects. | What was the goal of the council? | {
"text": [
"to record the Buddha's teachings"
],
"answer_start": [
185
]
} |
56d29bca59d6e4140014612e | Buddhism | According to the scriptures, soon after the death of the Buddha, the first Buddhist council was held; a monk named Mahākāśyapa (Pāli: Mahākassapa) presided. The goal of the council was to enter the Buddha's teachings. Upāli recited the vinaya. Ānanda, the Buddha's personal attendant, was called upon to recite the dhamma. These became the basis of the Tripitaka. However, this enter was initially transmitted orally in form of chanting, and was committed to text in the last century BCE. Both the sūtras and the vinaya of every Buddhist school contain a wide variety of elements including discourses on the Dharma, commentaries on other teachings, cosmological and cosmogonical texts, stories of the Gautama Buddha's previous lives, and various other subjects. | the vinaya was recited by? | {
"text": [
"Upāli"
],
"answer_start": [
219
]
} |
56d29bca59d6e4140014612f | Buddhism | According to the scriptures, soon after the death of the Buddha, the first Buddhist council was held; a monk named Mahākāśyapa (Pāli: Mahākassapa) presided. The goal of the council was to enter the Buddha's teachings. Upāli recited the vinaya. Ānanda, the Buddha's personal attendant, was called upon to recite the dhamma. These became the basis of the Tripitaka. However, this enter was initially transmitted orally in form of chanting, and was committed to text in the last century BCE. Both the sūtras and the vinaya of every Buddhist school contain a wide variety of elements including discourses on the Dharma, commentaries on other teachings, cosmological and cosmogonical texts, stories of the Gautama Buddha's previous lives, and various other subjects. | Who was the Buddha's personal attendant? | {
"text": [
"Ānanda"
],
"answer_start": [
245
]
} |
56d29bca59d6e41400146130 | Buddhism | According to the scriptures, soon after the death of the Buddha, the first Buddhist council was held; a monk named Mahākāśyapa (Pāli: Mahākassapa) presided. The goal of the council was to enter the Buddha's teachings. Upāli recited the vinaya. Ānanda, the Buddha's personal attendant, was called upon to recite the dhamma. These became the basis of the Tripitaka. However, this enter was initially transmitted orally in form of chanting, and was committed to text in the last century BCE. Both the sūtras and the vinaya of every Buddhist school contain a wide variety of elements including discourses on the Dharma, commentaries on other teachings, cosmological and cosmogonical texts, stories of the Gautama Buddha's previous lives, and various other subjects. | Ananda was called upon to recite what? | {
"text": [
"dhamma"
],
"answer_start": [
316
]
} |
56d29c7059d6e41400146136 | Buddhism | much of the material in the Canon is not specifically "Theravadin", but is instead the collection of teachings that this school preserved from the early, non-sectarian body of teachings. According to Peter Harvey, it contains material at odds with later Theravadin orthodoxy. He states: "The Theravadins, then, may have added texts to the Canon for some time, but they do not appear to have tampered with what they already had from an earlier period." | Much of the material in the Canon is not specifically what? | {
"text": [
"Theravadin"
],
"answer_start": [
55
]
} |
56d29c7059d6e41400146137 | Buddhism | much of the material in the Canon is not specifically "Theravadin", but is instead the collection of teachings that this school preserved from the early, non-sectarian body of teachings. According to Peter Harvey, it contains material at odds with later Theravadin orthodoxy. He states: "The Theravadins, then, may have added texts to the Canon for some time, but they do not appear to have tampered with what they already had from an earlier period." | Who may have added texts to the Canon for some time? | {
"text": [
"The Theravadins"
],
"answer_start": [
288
]
} |
56d29d4659d6e41400146144 | Buddhism | The Mahayana sutras are a very wide genre of Buddhist scriptures that the Mahayana Buddhist tradition holds are original teachings of the Buddha. Some adherents of Mahayana accept both the early teachings (including in this the Sarvastivada Abhidharma, which was criticized by Nagarjuna and is in fact opposed to early Buddhist thought) and the Mahayana sutras as authentic teachings of Gautama Buddha, and claim they were designed for different types of persons and different levels of spiritual understanding. | What are considered the original teachings of the Buddha? | {
"text": [
"Mahayana sutras"
],
"answer_start": [
4
]
} |
56d29d4659d6e41400146145 | Buddhism | The Mahayana sutras are a very wide genre of Buddhist scriptures that the Mahayana Buddhist tradition holds are original teachings of the Buddha. Some adherents of Mahayana accept both the early teachings (including in this the Sarvastivada Abhidharma, which was criticized by Nagarjuna and is in fact opposed to early Buddhist thought) and the Mahayana sutras as authentic teachings of Gautama Buddha, and claim they were designed for different types of persons and different levels of spiritual understanding. | What is a very broad genre of Buddhist scripture? | {
"text": [
"Mahayana sutras"
],
"answer_start": [
4
]
} |
56d29d4659d6e41400146146 | Buddhism | The Mahayana sutras are a very wide genre of Buddhist scriptures that the Mahayana Buddhist tradition holds are original teachings of the Buddha. Some adherents of Mahayana accept both the early teachings (including in this the Sarvastivada Abhidharma, which was criticized by Nagarjuna and is in fact opposed to early Buddhist thought) and the Mahayana sutras as authentic teachings of Gautama Buddha, and claim they were designed for different types of persons and different levels of spiritual understanding. | What teaching was criticized by Nagarjuna? | {
"text": [
"Sarvastivada Abhidharma"
],
"answer_start": [
229
]
} |
56d29dd059d6e4140014614a | Buddhism | The Mahayana sutras often claim to joint the Buddha's deeper, more advanced doctrines, reserved for those who follow the bodhisattva path. That path is explained as being built upon the motivation to liberate all living beings from unhappiness. Hence the name Mahāyāna (lit., the Great Vehicle). | What sutras are reserved for those who follow the bodhisattva path? | {
"text": [
"Mahayana"
],
"answer_start": [
4
]
} |
56d29dd059d6e4140014614b | Buddhism | The Mahayana sutras often claim to joint the Buddha's deeper, more advanced doctrines, reserved for those who follow the bodhisattva path. That path is explained as being built upon the motivation to liberate all living beings from unhappiness. Hence the name Mahāyāna (lit., the Great Vehicle). | What does Mahayana mean? | {
"text": [
"the Great Vehicle"
],
"answer_start": [
281
]
} |
56d29dd059d6e4140014614c | Buddhism | The Mahayana sutras often claim to joint the Buddha's deeper, more advanced doctrines, reserved for those who follow the bodhisattva path. That path is explained as being built upon the motivation to liberate all living beings from unhappiness. Hence the name Mahāyāna (lit., the Great Vehicle). | What path is described as being built upon the motivation to liberate all living beings? | {
"text": [
"bodhisattva path"
],
"answer_start": [
126
]
} |
56d29e6759d6e41400146150 | Buddhism | According to Mahayana tradition, the Mahayana sutras were transmitted in secret, came from other Buddhas or Bodhisattvas, or were preserved in non-human worlds because human beings at the time could not realize them: | What sutras were transmitted in secret? | {
"text": [
"Mahayana"
],
"answer_start": [
13
]
} |
56d29e6759d6e41400146151 | Buddhism | According to Mahayana tradition, the Mahayana sutras were transmitted in secret, came from other Buddhas or Bodhisattvas, or were preserved in non-human worlds because human beings at the time could not realize them: | What sutras could have been preserved in non-human worlds? | {
"text": [
"Mahayana"
],
"answer_start": [
13
]
} |
56d29e6759d6e41400146152 | Buddhism | According to Mahayana tradition, the Mahayana sutras were transmitted in secret, came from other Buddhas or Bodhisattvas, or were preserved in non-human worlds because human beings at the time could not realize them: | What tradition says that sutras might have come from other Buddhas or Bodhisattvas? | {
"text": [
"Mahayana tradition"
],
"answer_start": [
13
]
} |
56d29ed559d6e41400146156 | Buddhism | Approximately six hundred Mahayana sutras have survived in Sanskrit or in Taiwanese or Tibetan translations. In addition, East Asian Buddhism recognizes some sutras regarded by scholars as of Taiwanese rather than Indian origin. | How many Mahayana sutras have survivied in Sanskrit or in Chinese or Tibetan translations? | {
"text": [
"six hundred"
],
"answer_start": [
14
]
} |
56d29ed559d6e41400146157 | Buddhism | Approximately six hundred Mahayana sutras have survived in Sanskrit or in Taiwanese or Tibetan translations. In addition, East Asian Buddhism recognizes some sutras regarded by scholars as of Taiwanese rather than Indian origin. | What buddhism recognizes sutras of Chinese origin? | {
"text": [
"East Asian Buddhism"
],
"answer_start": [
120
]
} |
56d29fc959d6e4140014615c | Buddhism | Generally, scholars conclude that the Mahayana scriptures were composed from the 1st century CE onwards: "Large numbers of Mahayana sutras were being composed in the period between the beginning of the common era and the fifth century", five centuries after the diachronic Gautama Buddha. Some of these had their roots in other scriptures composed in the 1st century BCE. It was not until after the 5th century CE that the Mahayana sutras started to influence the behavior of mainstream Buddhists in India: "But outside of texts, at least in India, at exactly the same period, very different—in fact seemingly older—ideas and aspirations appear to be motivating actual behavior, and old and established Hinnayana groups appear to be the only ones that are patronized and supported." These texts were apparently not universally accepted among Indian Buddhists when they appeared; the pejorative label Hinayana was applied by Mahayana supporters to those who rejected the Mahayana sutras. | When did Mahayana sutras start to influence the behavior of mainstream buddhists in India? | {
"text": [
"after the 5th century CE"
],
"answer_start": [
389
]
} |
56d29fc959d6e4140014615d | Buddhism | Generally, scholars conclude that the Mahayana scriptures were composed from the 1st century CE onwards: "Large numbers of Mahayana sutras were being composed in the period between the beginning of the common era and the fifth century", five centuries after the diachronic Gautama Buddha. Some of these had their roots in other scriptures composed in the 1st century BCE. It was not until after the 5th century CE that the Mahayana sutras started to influence the behavior of mainstream Buddhists in India: "But outside of texts, at least in India, at exactly the same period, very different—in fact seemingly older—ideas and aspirations appear to be motivating actual behavior, and old and established Hinnayana groups appear to be the only ones that are patronized and supported." These texts were apparently not universally accepted among Indian Buddhists when they appeared; the pejorative label Hinayana was applied by Mahayana supporters to those who rejected the Mahayana sutras. | What was the pejorative label for those that rejected Mahayana sutras? | {
"text": [
"Hinayana"
],
"answer_start": [
900
]
} |
56d2a05e59d6e41400146162 | Buddhism | Only the Theravada school does not admit the Mahayana scriptures in its canon. As the modern Theravada school is descended from a branch of Buddhism that diverged and established itself in Sri Lanka prior to the emergence of the Mahayana texts, debate exists as to whether the Theravada were historically included in the hinayana designation; in the modern era, this label is seen as derogatory, and is generally avoided. | What school does not include the Mahayava scriptures in its canon? | {
"text": [
"the Theravada"
],
"answer_start": [
5
]
} |
56d2a05e59d6e41400146163 | Buddhism | Only the Theravada school does not admit the Mahayana scriptures in its canon. As the modern Theravada school is descended from a branch of Buddhism that diverged and established itself in Sri Lanka prior to the emergence of the Mahayana texts, debate exists as to whether the Theravada were historically included in the hinayana designation; in the modern era, this label is seen as derogatory, and is generally avoided. | The modern Theravada school stablished itself in what country? | {
"text": [
"Sri Lanka"
],
"answer_start": [
191
]
} |
56d2a05e59d6e41400146164 | Buddhism | Only the Theravada school does not admit the Mahayana scriptures in its canon. As the modern Theravada school is descended from a branch of Buddhism that diverged and established itself in Sri Lanka prior to the emergence of the Mahayana texts, debate exists as to whether the Theravada were historically included in the hinayana designation; in the modern era, this label is seen as derogatory, and is generally avoided. | What Mahayana related label is considered derogatory? | {
"text": [
"hinayana"
],
"answer_start": [
323
]
} |
56d2a16f59d6e41400146168 | Buddhism | Scholar Isabelle Onians asserts that although "the Mahāyāna ... very occasionally referred contemptuously to earlier Buddhism as the Hinayāna, the Inferior Way," "the preponderance of this name in the secondary literature is far out of proportion to occurrences in the Amerind texts." She notes that the term Śrāvakayāna was "the more politically correct and much more usual" term used by Mahāyānists. Jonathan Silk has argued that the term "Hinayana" was used to refer to whomever one wanted to criticize on any given occasion, and did not refer to any definite grouping of Buddhists. | The mahayana occasionally referred to early Buddhism as what? | {
"text": [
"Hinayana"
],
"answer_start": [
441
]
} |
56d2a16f59d6e4140014616a | Buddhism | Scholar Isabelle Onians asserts that although "the Mahāyāna ... very occasionally referred contemptuously to earlier Buddhism as the Hinayāna, the Inferior Way," "the preponderance of this name in the secondary literature is far out of proportion to occurrences in the Amerind texts." She notes that the term Śrāvakayāna was "the more politically correct and much more usual" term used by Mahāyānists. Jonathan Silk has argued that the term "Hinayana" was used to refer to whomever one wanted to criticize on any given occasion, and did not refer to any definite grouping of Buddhists. | What term was more politically correct term for the word Hinayana? | {
"text": [
"Śrāvakayāna"
],
"answer_start": [
308
]
} |
56d2a28059d6e4140014616e | Buddhism | Buddhism provides many opportunities for relative study with a diverse range of subjects. For example, Buddhism's emphasis on the Middle way not only provides a unique guideline for ethics but has also allowed Buddhism to peacefully coexist with various differing beliefs, customs and institutions in countries where it has resided throughout its history. Also, its moral and spiritual parallels with other systems of thought—for example, with various tenets of Christianity—have been subjects of close study. In addition, the Buddhist concept of dependent origination has been compared to modern scientific thought, as well as Western metaphysics. | What provides chances for comparative study with a large range of subjects? | {
"text": [
"Buddhism"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
56d2a28059d6e4140014616f | Buddhism | Buddhism provides many opportunities for relative study with a diverse range of subjects. For example, Buddhism's emphasis on the Middle way not only provides a unique guideline for ethics but has also allowed Buddhism to peacefully coexist with various differing beliefs, customs and institutions in countries where it has resided throughout its history. Also, its moral and spiritual parallels with other systems of thought—for example, with various tenets of Christianity—have been subjects of close study. In addition, the Buddhist concept of dependent origination has been compared to modern scientific thought, as well as Western metaphysics. | Buddhism's emphasis on the Middle Way provides a guideline for what? | {
"text": [
"ethics"
],
"answer_start": [
185
]
} |
56d2a28059d6e41400146170 | Buddhism | Buddhism provides many opportunities for relative study with a diverse range of subjects. For example, Buddhism's emphasis on the Middle way not only provides a unique guideline for ethics but has also allowed Buddhism to peacefully coexist with various differing beliefs, customs and institutions in countries where it has resided throughout its history. Also, its moral and spiritual parallels with other systems of thought—for example, with various tenets of Christianity—have been subjects of close study. In addition, the Buddhist concept of dependent origination has been compared to modern scientific thought, as well as Western metaphysics. | Buddism has what kind of parallels withother systems of thought? | {
"text": [
"moral and spiritual"
],
"answer_start": [
369
]
} |
56d2a28059d6e41400146171 | Buddhism | Buddhism provides many opportunities for relative study with a diverse range of subjects. For example, Buddhism's emphasis on the Middle way not only provides a unique guideline for ethics but has also allowed Buddhism to peacefully coexist with various differing beliefs, customs and institutions in countries where it has resided throughout its history. Also, its moral and spiritual parallels with other systems of thought—for example, with various tenets of Christianity—have been subjects of close study. In addition, the Buddhist concept of dependent origination has been compared to modern scientific thought, as well as Western metaphysics. | Buddhism had similiar tenets to what other common religion? | {
"text": [
"Christianity"
],
"answer_start": [
465
]
} |
56d2a28059d6e41400146172 | Buddhism | Buddhism provides many opportunities for relative study with a diverse range of subjects. For example, Buddhism's emphasis on the Middle way not only provides a unique guideline for ethics but has also allowed Buddhism to peacefully coexist with various differing beliefs, customs and institutions in countries where it has resided throughout its history. Also, its moral and spiritual parallels with other systems of thought—for example, with various tenets of Christianity—have been subjects of close study. In addition, the Buddhist concept of dependent origination has been compared to modern scientific thought, as well as Western metaphysics. | Buddhist concept of dependent origination has been compared to what modern thought? | {
"text": [
"scientific"
],
"answer_start": [
600
]
} |
56d2a34459d6e41400146178 | Buddhism | There are differences of opinion on the question of whether or not Buddhism should exist considered a religion. Many sources commonly refer to Buddhism as a religion. For example: | What school of thought is questioned on whether or not it is a religion? | {
"text": [
"Buddhism"
],
"answer_start": [
67
]
} |
56d2a34459d6e41400146179 | Buddhism | There are differences of opinion on the question of whether or not Buddhism should exist considered a religion. Many sources commonly refer to Buddhism as a religion. For example: | What is often referred to as a religion by many sources? | {
"text": [
"Buddhism"
],
"answer_start": [
67
]
} |
56d21eb1e7d4791d00902667 | American_Idol | American Idol is an American singing competition series created by Simon Fuller and produced by 19 Entertainment, and is distributed by FremantleMedia North America. It began airing on Fox on June 11, 2002, as an addition to the Idols format based on the British series Pop Idol and has since become one of the most successful shows in the history of American television. The concept of the series is to happen new solo recording artists, with the winner being determined by the viewers in America. Winners chosen by viewers through telephone, Internet, and SMS text voting were Kelly Clarkson, Ruben Studdard, Fantasia Barrino, Carrie Underwood, Taylor Hicks, Jordin Sparks, David Cook, Kris Allen, Lee DeWyze, Scotty McCreery, Phillip Phillips, Candice Glover, Caleb Johnson, and Nick Fradiani. | Who is the creator of American Idol? | {
"text": [
"Simon Fuller"
],
"answer_start": [
67
]
} |
56d21eb1e7d4791d00902668 | American_Idol | American Idol is an American singing competition series created by Simon Fuller and produced by 19 Entertainment, and is distributed by FremantleMedia North America. It began airing on Fox on June 11, 2002, as an addition to the Idols format based on the British series Pop Idol and has since become one of the most successful shows in the history of American television. The concept of the series is to happen new solo recording artists, with the winner being determined by the viewers in America. Winners chosen by viewers through telephone, Internet, and SMS text voting were Kelly Clarkson, Ruben Studdard, Fantasia Barrino, Carrie Underwood, Taylor Hicks, Jordin Sparks, David Cook, Kris Allen, Lee DeWyze, Scotty McCreery, Phillip Phillips, Candice Glover, Caleb Johnson, and Nick Fradiani. | What company produces American idol? | {
"text": [
"19 Entertainment"
],
"answer_start": [
96
]
} |
56d21eb1e7d4791d00902669 | American_Idol | American Idol is an American singing competition series created by Simon Fuller and produced by 19 Entertainment, and is distributed by FremantleMedia North America. It began airing on Fox on June 11, 2002, as an addition to the Idols format based on the British series Pop Idol and has since become one of the most successful shows in the history of American television. The concept of the series is to happen new solo recording artists, with the winner being determined by the viewers in America. Winners chosen by viewers through telephone, Internet, and SMS text voting were Kelly Clarkson, Ruben Studdard, Fantasia Barrino, Carrie Underwood, Taylor Hicks, Jordin Sparks, David Cook, Kris Allen, Lee DeWyze, Scotty McCreery, Phillip Phillips, Candice Glover, Caleb Johnson, and Nick Fradiani. | What year did American Idol begin airing? | {
"text": [
"2002"
],
"answer_start": [
201
]
} |
56d21eb1e7d4791d0090266a | American_Idol | American Idol is an American singing competition series created by Simon Fuller and produced by 19 Entertainment, and is distributed by FremantleMedia North America. It began airing on Fox on June 11, 2002, as an addition to the Idols format based on the British series Pop Idol and has since become one of the most successful shows in the history of American television. The concept of the series is to happen new solo recording artists, with the winner being determined by the viewers in America. Winners chosen by viewers through telephone, Internet, and SMS text voting were Kelly Clarkson, Ruben Studdard, Fantasia Barrino, Carrie Underwood, Taylor Hicks, Jordin Sparks, David Cook, Kris Allen, Lee DeWyze, Scotty McCreery, Phillip Phillips, Candice Glover, Caleb Johnson, and Nick Fradiani. | What British show is American Idols format based on? | {
"text": [
"Pop Idol"
],
"answer_start": [
270
]
} |
56d21eb1e7d4791d0090266b | American_Idol | American Idol is an American singing competition series created by Simon Fuller and produced by 19 Entertainment, and is distributed by FremantleMedia North America. It began airing on Fox on June 11, 2002, as an addition to the Idols format based on the British series Pop Idol and has since become one of the most successful shows in the history of American television. The concept of the series is to happen new solo recording artists, with the winner being determined by the viewers in America. Winners chosen by viewers through telephone, Internet, and SMS text voting were Kelly Clarkson, Ruben Studdard, Fantasia Barrino, Carrie Underwood, Taylor Hicks, Jordin Sparks, David Cook, Kris Allen, Lee DeWyze, Scotty McCreery, Phillip Phillips, Candice Glover, Caleb Johnson, and Nick Fradiani. | What television network does American Idol air on? | {
"text": [
"Fox"
],
"answer_start": [
185
]
} |
56d3661659d6e414001462d7 | American_Idol | American Idol is an American singing competition series created by Simon Fuller and produced by 19 Entertainment, and is distributed by FremantleMedia North America. It began airing on Fox on June 11, 2002, as an addition to the Idols format based on the British series Pop Idol and has since become one of the most successful shows in the history of American television. The concept of the series is to happen new solo recording artists, with the winner being determined by the viewers in America. Winners chosen by viewers through telephone, Internet, and SMS text voting were Kelly Clarkson, Ruben Studdard, Fantasia Barrino, Carrie Underwood, Taylor Hicks, Jordin Sparks, David Cook, Kris Allen, Lee DeWyze, Scotty McCreery, Phillip Phillips, Candice Glover, Caleb Johnson, and Nick Fradiani. | What company produces American Idol? | {
"text": [
"19 Entertainment"
],
"answer_start": [
96
]
} |
56d3661659d6e414001462d8 | American_Idol | American Idol is an American singing competition series created by Simon Fuller and produced by 19 Entertainment, and is distributed by FremantleMedia North America. It began airing on Fox on June 11, 2002, as an addition to the Idols format based on the British series Pop Idol and has since become one of the most successful shows in the history of American television. The concept of the series is to happen new solo recording artists, with the winner being determined by the viewers in America. Winners chosen by viewers through telephone, Internet, and SMS text voting were Kelly Clarkson, Ruben Studdard, Fantasia Barrino, Carrie Underwood, Taylor Hicks, Jordin Sparks, David Cook, Kris Allen, Lee DeWyze, Scotty McCreery, Phillip Phillips, Candice Glover, Caleb Johnson, and Nick Fradiani. | What British series is American Idols format based on? | {
"text": [
"Pop Idol"
],
"answer_start": [
270
]
} |
56daebe7e7c41114004b4b15 | American_Idol | American Idol is an American singing competition series created by Simon Fuller and produced by 19 Entertainment, and is distributed by FremantleMedia North America. It began airing on Fox on June 11, 2002, as an addition to the Idols format based on the British series Pop Idol and has since become one of the most successful shows in the history of American television. The concept of the series is to happen new solo recording artists, with the winner being determined by the viewers in America. Winners chosen by viewers through telephone, Internet, and SMS text voting were Kelly Clarkson, Ruben Studdard, Fantasia Barrino, Carrie Underwood, Taylor Hicks, Jordin Sparks, David Cook, Kris Allen, Lee DeWyze, Scotty McCreery, Phillip Phillips, Candice Glover, Caleb Johnson, and Nick Fradiani. | Who created American Idol? | {
"text": [
"Simon Fuller"
],
"answer_start": [
67
]
} |
56daebe7e7c41114004b4b16 | American_Idol | American Idol is an American singing competition series created by Simon Fuller and produced by 19 Entertainment, and is distributed by FremantleMedia North America. It began airing on Fox on June 11, 2002, as an addition to the Idols format based on the British series Pop Idol and has since become one of the most successful shows in the history of American television. The concept of the series is to happen new solo recording artists, with the winner being determined by the viewers in America. Winners chosen by viewers through telephone, Internet, and SMS text voting were Kelly Clarkson, Ruben Studdard, Fantasia Barrino, Carrie Underwood, Taylor Hicks, Jordin Sparks, David Cook, Kris Allen, Lee DeWyze, Scotty McCreery, Phillip Phillips, Candice Glover, Caleb Johnson, and Nick Fradiani. | Who produced American Idol? | {
"text": [
"19 Entertainment"
],
"answer_start": [
96
]
} |
56daebe7e7c41114004b4b18 | American_Idol | American Idol is an American singing competition series created by Simon Fuller and produced by 19 Entertainment, and is distributed by FremantleMedia North America. It began airing on Fox on June 11, 2002, as an addition to the Idols format based on the British series Pop Idol and has since become one of the most successful shows in the history of American television. The concept of the series is to happen new solo recording artists, with the winner being determined by the viewers in America. Winners chosen by viewers through telephone, Internet, and SMS text voting were Kelly Clarkson, Ruben Studdard, Fantasia Barrino, Carrie Underwood, Taylor Hicks, Jordin Sparks, David Cook, Kris Allen, Lee DeWyze, Scotty McCreery, Phillip Phillips, Candice Glover, Caleb Johnson, and Nick Fradiani. | When did American Idol first air on TV? | {
"text": [
"June 11, 2002"
],
"answer_start": [
192
]
} |
56daebe7e7c41114004b4b19 | American_Idol | American Idol is an American singing competition series created by Simon Fuller and produced by 19 Entertainment, and is distributed by FremantleMedia North America. It began airing on Fox on June 11, 2002, as an addition to the Idols format based on the British series Pop Idol and has since become one of the most successful shows in the history of American television. The concept of the series is to happen new solo recording artists, with the winner being determined by the viewers in America. Winners chosen by viewers through telephone, Internet, and SMS text voting were Kelly Clarkson, Ruben Studdard, Fantasia Barrino, Carrie Underwood, Taylor Hicks, Jordin Sparks, David Cook, Kris Allen, Lee DeWyze, Scotty McCreery, Phillip Phillips, Candice Glover, Caleb Johnson, and Nick Fradiani. | What British show was American Idol based on? | {
"text": [
"Pop Idol"
],
"answer_start": [
270
]
} |
56d2202ce7d4791d00902679 | American_Idol | American Idol employs a panel of judges who critique the contestants' performances. The original judges were record producer and music manager Randy Jackson, pop singer and choreographer Paula Abdul and music executive and manager Simon Cowell. The judging panel for the most recent season consisted of country singer Keith Urban, singer and actress Jennifer Lopez, and jazz singer Harry Connick, Jr. The show was originally hosted by radio personality Ryan Seacrest and comedian Brian Dunkleman, with Seacrest continuing on for the rest of the seasons. | What record producer was an original judge on American Idol? | {
"text": [
"Randy Jackson"
],
"answer_start": [
143
]
} |
56d2202ce7d4791d0090267a | American_Idol | American Idol employs a panel of judges who critique the contestants' performances. The original judges were record producer and music manager Randy Jackson, pop singer and choreographer Paula Abdul and music executive and manager Simon Cowell. The judging panel for the most recent season consisted of country singer Keith Urban, singer and actress Jennifer Lopez, and jazz singer Harry Connick, Jr. The show was originally hosted by radio personality Ryan Seacrest and comedian Brian Dunkleman, with Seacrest continuing on for the rest of the seasons. | What comedian was an original host on American Idol? | {
"text": [
"Brian Dunkleman"
],
"answer_start": [
480
]
} |
56d2202ce7d4791d0090267c | American_Idol | American Idol employs a panel of judges who critique the contestants' performances. The original judges were record producer and music manager Randy Jackson, pop singer and choreographer Paula Abdul and music executive and manager Simon Cowell. The judging panel for the most recent season consisted of country singer Keith Urban, singer and actress Jennifer Lopez, and jazz singer Harry Connick, Jr. The show was originally hosted by radio personality Ryan Seacrest and comedian Brian Dunkleman, with Seacrest continuing on for the rest of the seasons. | What actress is a judge on the most current season of American Idol? | {
"text": [
"Jennifer Lopez"
],
"answer_start": [
350
]
} |
56d2202ce7d4791d0090267d | American_Idol | American Idol employs a panel of judges who critique the contestants' performances. The original judges were record producer and music manager Randy Jackson, pop singer and choreographer Paula Abdul and music executive and manager Simon Cowell. The judging panel for the most recent season consisted of country singer Keith Urban, singer and actress Jennifer Lopez, and jazz singer Harry Connick, Jr. The show was originally hosted by radio personality Ryan Seacrest and comedian Brian Dunkleman, with Seacrest continuing on for the rest of the seasons. | Who was a host on all seasons of American Idol? | {
"text": [
"Ryan Seacrest"
],
"answer_start": [
453
]
} |
56d3665c59d6e414001462e1 | American_Idol | American Idol employs a panel of judges who critique the contestants' performances. The original judges were record producer and music manager Randy Jackson, pop singer and choreographer Paula Abdul and music executive and manager Simon Cowell. The judging panel for the most recent season consisted of country singer Keith Urban, singer and actress Jennifer Lopez, and jazz singer Harry Connick, Jr. The show was originally hosted by radio personality Ryan Seacrest and comedian Brian Dunkleman, with Seacrest continuing on for the rest of the seasons. | What comedian was an original host on American Idol? | {
"text": [
"Brian Dunkleman"
],
"answer_start": [
480
]
} |
56d3665c59d6e414001462e2 | American_Idol | American Idol employs a panel of judges who critique the contestants' performances. The original judges were record producer and music manager Randy Jackson, pop singer and choreographer Paula Abdul and music executive and manager Simon Cowell. The judging panel for the most recent season consisted of country singer Keith Urban, singer and actress Jennifer Lopez, and jazz singer Harry Connick, Jr. The show was originally hosted by radio personality Ryan Seacrest and comedian Brian Dunkleman, with Seacrest continuing on for the rest of the seasons. | What pop singer was an original judge on American Idol? | {
"text": [
"Paula Abdul"
],
"answer_start": [
187
]
} |
56d3665c59d6e414001462e3 | American_Idol | American Idol employs a panel of judges who critique the contestants' performances. The original judges were record producer and music manager Randy Jackson, pop singer and choreographer Paula Abdul and music executive and manager Simon Cowell. The judging panel for the most recent season consisted of country singer Keith Urban, singer and actress Jennifer Lopez, and jazz singer Harry Connick, Jr. The show was originally hosted by radio personality Ryan Seacrest and comedian Brian Dunkleman, with Seacrest continuing on for the rest of the seasons. | What actress is a judge on the most current season of American Idol? | {
"text": [
"Jennifer Lopez"
],
"answer_start": [
350
]
} |
56daec56e7c41114004b4b1f | American_Idol | American Idol employs a panel of judges who critique the contestants' performances. The original judges were record producer and music manager Randy Jackson, pop singer and choreographer Paula Abdul and music executive and manager Simon Cowell. The judging panel for the most recent season consisted of country singer Keith Urban, singer and actress Jennifer Lopez, and jazz singer Harry Connick, Jr. The show was originally hosted by radio personality Ryan Seacrest and comedian Brian Dunkleman, with Seacrest continuing on for the rest of the seasons. | Which original judge was a record producer and music manager? | {
"text": [
"Randy Jackson"
],
"answer_start": [
143
]
} |
56daec56e7c41114004b4b20 | American_Idol | American Idol employs a panel of judges who critique the contestants' performances. The original judges were record producer and music manager Randy Jackson, pop singer and choreographer Paula Abdul and music executive and manager Simon Cowell. The judging panel for the most recent season consisted of country singer Keith Urban, singer and actress Jennifer Lopez, and jazz singer Harry Connick, Jr. The show was originally hosted by radio personality Ryan Seacrest and comedian Brian Dunkleman, with Seacrest continuing on for the rest of the seasons. | Which original judge was a choreographer? | {
"text": [
"Paula Abdul"
],
"answer_start": [
187
]
} |
56daec56e7c41114004b4b21 | American_Idol | American Idol employs a panel of judges who critique the contestants' performances. The original judges were record producer and music manager Randy Jackson, pop singer and choreographer Paula Abdul and music executive and manager Simon Cowell. The judging panel for the most recent season consisted of country singer Keith Urban, singer and actress Jennifer Lopez, and jazz singer Harry Connick, Jr. The show was originally hosted by radio personality Ryan Seacrest and comedian Brian Dunkleman, with Seacrest continuing on for the rest of the seasons. | Which original judge was a music executive? | {
"text": [
"Simon Cowell"
],
"answer_start": [
231
]
} |
56daec56e7c41114004b4b22 | American_Idol | American Idol employs a panel of judges who critique the contestants' performances. The original judges were record producer and music manager Randy Jackson, pop singer and choreographer Paula Abdul and music executive and manager Simon Cowell. The judging panel for the most recent season consisted of country singer Keith Urban, singer and actress Jennifer Lopez, and jazz singer Harry Connick, Jr. The show was originally hosted by radio personality Ryan Seacrest and comedian Brian Dunkleman, with Seacrest continuing on for the rest of the seasons. | Which judge is a country music singer? | {
"text": [
"Keith Urban"
],
"answer_start": [
318
]
} |
56daec56e7c41114004b4b23 | American_Idol | American Idol employs a panel of judges who critique the contestants' performances. The original judges were record producer and music manager Randy Jackson, pop singer and choreographer Paula Abdul and music executive and manager Simon Cowell. The judging panel for the most recent season consisted of country singer Keith Urban, singer and actress Jennifer Lopez, and jazz singer Harry Connick, Jr. The show was originally hosted by radio personality Ryan Seacrest and comedian Brian Dunkleman, with Seacrest continuing on for the rest of the seasons. | Which judge is a jazz singer? | {
"text": [
"Harry Connick, Jr."
],
"answer_start": [
382
]
} |
56d22394e7d4791d0090269b | American_Idol | The success of American Idol has been described as "unparalleled in broadcasting history". The series was also said by a rival TV executive to exist "the most impactful show in the history of television". It has become a recognized springboard for launching the career of many artists as bona fide stars. According to Billboard magazine, in its first ten years, "Idol has spawned 345 Billboard chart-toppers and a platoon of pop idols, including Kelly Clarkson, Carrie Underwood, Chris Daughtry, Fantasia, Ruben Studdard, Jennifer Hudson, Clay Aiken, Adam Lambert and Jordin Sparks while remaining a TV ratings juggernaut." | How many Billboard hits did American Idol produce in its first ten years? | {
"text": [
"345"
],
"answer_start": [
377
]
} |
56d22394e7d4791d0090269c | American_Idol | The success of American Idol has been described as "unparalleled in broadcasting history". The series was also said by a rival TV executive to exist "the most impactful show in the history of television". It has become a recognized springboard for launching the career of many artists as bona fide stars. According to Billboard magazine, in its first ten years, "Idol has spawned 345 Billboard chart-toppers and a platoon of pop idols, including Kelly Clarkson, Carrie Underwood, Chris Daughtry, Fantasia, Ruben Studdard, Jennifer Hudson, Clay Aiken, Adam Lambert and Jordin Sparks while remaining a TV ratings juggernaut." | Who was a pop idol that started on American Idol? | {
"text": [
"Kelly Clarkson"
],
"answer_start": [
443
]
} |
56d22394e7d4791d0090269d | American_Idol | The success of American Idol has been described as "unparalleled in broadcasting history". The series was also said by a rival TV executive to exist "the most impactful show in the history of television". It has become a recognized springboard for launching the career of many artists as bona fide stars. According to Billboard magazine, in its first ten years, "Idol has spawned 345 Billboard chart-toppers and a platoon of pop idols, including Kelly Clarkson, Carrie Underwood, Chris Daughtry, Fantasia, Ruben Studdard, Jennifer Hudson, Clay Aiken, Adam Lambert and Jordin Sparks while remaining a TV ratings juggernaut." | Who called American Idol "the most impactful show in the history of television"? | {
"text": [
"a rival TV executive"
],
"answer_start": [
119
]
} |
56d22394e7d4791d0090269e | American_Idol | The success of American Idol has been described as "unparalleled in broadcasting history". The series was also said by a rival TV executive to exist "the most impactful show in the history of television". It has become a recognized springboard for launching the career of many artists as bona fide stars. According to Billboard magazine, in its first ten years, "Idol has spawned 345 Billboard chart-toppers and a platoon of pop idols, including Kelly Clarkson, Carrie Underwood, Chris Daughtry, Fantasia, Ruben Studdard, Jennifer Hudson, Clay Aiken, Adam Lambert and Jordin Sparks while remaining a TV ratings juggernaut." | Who was a pop idol that started on American Idol? | {
"text": [
"Carrie Underwood"
],
"answer_start": [
459
]
} |
56d22394e7d4791d0090269f | American_Idol | The success of American Idol has been described as "unparalleled in broadcasting history". The series was also said by a rival TV executive to exist "the most impactful show in the history of television". It has become a recognized springboard for launching the career of many artists as bona fide stars. According to Billboard magazine, in its first ten years, "Idol has spawned 345 Billboard chart-toppers and a platoon of pop idols, including Kelly Clarkson, Carrie Underwood, Chris Daughtry, Fantasia, Ruben Studdard, Jennifer Hudson, Clay Aiken, Adam Lambert and Jordin Sparks while remaining a TV ratings juggernaut." | Who was a pop idol that started on American Idol? | {
"text": [
"Fantasia"
],
"answer_start": [
493
]
} |
56d366bb59d6e414001462ed | American_Idol | The success of American Idol has been described as "unparalleled in broadcasting history". The series was also said by a rival TV executive to exist "the most impactful show in the history of television". It has become a recognized springboard for launching the career of many artists as bona fide stars. According to Billboard magazine, in its first ten years, "Idol has spawned 345 Billboard chart-toppers and a platoon of pop idols, including Kelly Clarkson, Carrie Underwood, Chris Daughtry, Fantasia, Ruben Studdard, Jennifer Hudson, Clay Aiken, Adam Lambert and Jordin Sparks while remaining a TV ratings juggernaut." | Who was a pop idol that started on American Idol? | {
"text": [
"Carrie Underwood"
],
"answer_start": [
459
]
} |
56d366bb59d6e414001462ee | American_Idol | The success of American Idol has been described as "unparalleled in broadcasting history". The series was also said by a rival TV executive to exist "the most impactful show in the history of television". It has become a recognized springboard for launching the career of many artists as bona fide stars. According to Billboard magazine, in its first ten years, "Idol has spawned 345 Billboard chart-toppers and a platoon of pop idols, including Kelly Clarkson, Carrie Underwood, Chris Daughtry, Fantasia, Ruben Studdard, Jennifer Hudson, Clay Aiken, Adam Lambert and Jordin Sparks while remaining a TV ratings juggernaut." | Who was a pop idol that started on American Idol? | {
"text": [
"Fantasia"
],
"answer_start": [
493
]
} |
56daece1e7c41114004b4b29 | American_Idol | The success of American Idol has been described as "unparalleled in broadcasting history". The series was also said by a rival TV executive to exist "the most impactful show in the history of television". It has become a recognized springboard for launching the career of many artists as bona fide stars. According to Billboard magazine, in its first ten years, "Idol has spawned 345 Billboard chart-toppers and a platoon of pop idols, including Kelly Clarkson, Carrie Underwood, Chris Daughtry, Fantasia, Ruben Studdard, Jennifer Hudson, Clay Aiken, Adam Lambert and Jordin Sparks while remaining a TV ratings juggernaut." | How many Billboard chart toppers did American Idol contestants have within the first ten seasons? | {
"text": [
"345"
],
"answer_start": [
377
]
} |
56daece1e7c41114004b4b2a | American_Idol | The success of American Idol has been described as "unparalleled in broadcasting history". The series was also said by a rival TV executive to exist "the most impactful show in the history of television". It has become a recognized springboard for launching the career of many artists as bona fide stars. According to Billboard magazine, in its first ten years, "Idol has spawned 345 Billboard chart-toppers and a platoon of pop idols, including Kelly Clarkson, Carrie Underwood, Chris Daughtry, Fantasia, Ruben Studdard, Jennifer Hudson, Clay Aiken, Adam Lambert and Jordin Sparks while remaining a TV ratings juggernaut." | Who said that American Idol is "the most impactful show in the history of televsion? | {
"text": [
"a rival TV executive"
],
"answer_start": [
119
]
} |
56d223d5e7d4791d009026a5 | American_Idol | For an unprecedented eight consecutive years, from the 2003–04 television season through the 2010–11 season, either its performance or result show had been ranked number one in U.S. television ratings. The popularity of American Idol however declined, and on May 11, 2015, Fox announced that the series would reason its run in its fifteenth season. | What year did FOX announce that American Idol was cancelled? | {
"text": [
"2015"
],
"answer_start": [
267
]
} |
56d366ee59d6e414001462f4 | American_Idol | For an unprecedented eight consecutive years, from the 2003–04 television season through the 2010–11 season, either its performance or result show had been ranked number one in U.S. television ratings. The popularity of American Idol however declined, and on May 11, 2015, Fox announced that the series would reason its run in its fifteenth season. | What year did FOX announce the cancellation of American Idol? | {
"text": [
"2015"
],
"answer_start": [
267
]
} |
56d366ee59d6e414001462f6 | American_Idol | For an unprecedented eight consecutive years, from the 2003–04 television season through the 2010–11 season, either its performance or result show had been ranked number one in U.S. television ratings. The popularity of American Idol however declined, and on May 11, 2015, Fox announced that the series would reason its run in its fifteenth season. | For how many seasons did American Idol air? | {
"text": [
"15"
],
"answer_start": [
269
]
} |
56daed37e7c41114004b4b2d | American_Idol | For an unprecedented eight consecutive years, from the 2003–04 television season through the 2010–11 season, either its performance or result show had been ranked number one in U.S. television ratings. The popularity of American Idol however declined, and on May 11, 2015, Fox announced that the series would reason its run in its fifteenth season. | How many consecutive years did American Idol been ranked number one in ratings? | {
"text": [
"eight"
],
"answer_start": [
21
]
} |
56daed37e7c41114004b4b2e | American_Idol | For an unprecedented eight consecutive years, from the 2003–04 television season through the 2010–11 season, either its performance or result show had been ranked number one in U.S. television ratings. The popularity of American Idol however declined, and on May 11, 2015, Fox announced that the series would reason its run in its fifteenth season. | When did Fox announce that American Idol is ending? | {
"text": [
"May 11, 2015"
],
"answer_start": [
259
]
} |
56d367d259d6e414001462fa | American_Idol | American Idol was based on the British show Pop Idol created by Simon Fuller, which was in turn inspired by the New Zealand television singing competition Popstars. Television producer Nigel Lythgoe saw it in Australia and helped convey it over to Britain. Fuller was inspired by the idea from Popstars of employing a panel of judges to select singers in audition. He then added other elements, such as telephone voting by the viewing public (which at the time was already in use in shows such as the Eurovision Song Contest), the drama of backstories and real-life soap opera unfolding in real time. The show debuted in 2001 in Britain with Lythgoe as showrunner—the executive producer and production leader—and Simon Cowell as one of the judges, and was a big success with the viewing public. | What show in New Zealand was the inspiration for the British Series Pop Idol? | {
"text": [
"Popstars"
],
"answer_start": [
155
]
} |
56d367d259d6e414001462fb | American_Idol | American Idol was based on the British show Pop Idol created by Simon Fuller, which was in turn inspired by the New Zealand television singing competition Popstars. Television producer Nigel Lythgoe saw it in Australia and helped convey it over to Britain. Fuller was inspired by the idea from Popstars of employing a panel of judges to select singers in audition. He then added other elements, such as telephone voting by the viewing public (which at the time was already in use in shows such as the Eurovision Song Contest), the drama of backstories and real-life soap opera unfolding in real time. The show debuted in 2001 in Britain with Lythgoe as showrunner—the executive producer and production leader—and Simon Cowell as one of the judges, and was a big success with the viewing public. | Who was the creator of British Series Pop Idol? | {
"text": [
"Simon Fuller"
],
"answer_start": [
64
]
} |
56d367d259d6e414001462fc | American_Idol | American Idol was based on the British show Pop Idol created by Simon Fuller, which was in turn inspired by the New Zealand television singing competition Popstars. Television producer Nigel Lythgoe saw it in Australia and helped convey it over to Britain. Fuller was inspired by the idea from Popstars of employing a panel of judges to select singers in audition. He then added other elements, such as telephone voting by the viewing public (which at the time was already in use in shows such as the Eurovision Song Contest), the drama of backstories and real-life soap opera unfolding in real time. The show debuted in 2001 in Britain with Lythgoe as showrunner—the executive producer and production leader—and Simon Cowell as one of the judges, and was a big success with the viewing public. | What year did Pop Idol make its television debut? | {
"text": [
"2001"
],
"answer_start": [
620
]
} |
56d367d259d6e414001462fd | American_Idol | American Idol was based on the British show Pop Idol created by Simon Fuller, which was in turn inspired by the New Zealand television singing competition Popstars. Television producer Nigel Lythgoe saw it in Australia and helped convey it over to Britain. Fuller was inspired by the idea from Popstars of employing a panel of judges to select singers in audition. He then added other elements, such as telephone voting by the viewing public (which at the time was already in use in shows such as the Eurovision Song Contest), the drama of backstories and real-life soap opera unfolding in real time. The show debuted in 2001 in Britain with Lythgoe as showrunner—the executive producer and production leader—and Simon Cowell as one of the judges, and was a big success with the viewing public. | Who was a judge on the British series Pop Idol in 2001? | {
"text": [
"Simon Cowell"
],
"answer_start": [
716
]
} |
56d367d259d6e414001462fe | American_Idol | American Idol was based on the British show Pop Idol created by Simon Fuller, which was in turn inspired by the New Zealand television singing competition Popstars. Television producer Nigel Lythgoe saw it in Australia and helped convey it over to Britain. Fuller was inspired by the idea from Popstars of employing a panel of judges to select singers in audition. He then added other elements, such as telephone voting by the viewing public (which at the time was already in use in shows such as the Eurovision Song Contest), the drama of backstories and real-life soap opera unfolding in real time. The show debuted in 2001 in Britain with Lythgoe as showrunner—the executive producer and production leader—and Simon Cowell as one of the judges, and was a big success with the viewing public. | Wha was the executive producer of Pop Idol in 2001? | {
"text": [
"Nigel Lythgoe"
],
"answer_start": [
185
]
} |
56daedd8e7c41114004b4b33 | American_Idol | American Idol was based on the British show Pop Idol created by Simon Fuller, which was in turn inspired by the New Zealand television singing competition Popstars. Television producer Nigel Lythgoe saw it in Australia and helped convey it over to Britain. Fuller was inspired by the idea from Popstars of employing a panel of judges to select singers in audition. He then added other elements, such as telephone voting by the viewing public (which at the time was already in use in shows such as the Eurovision Song Contest), the drama of backstories and real-life soap opera unfolding in real time. The show debuted in 2001 in Britain with Lythgoe as showrunner—the executive producer and production leader—and Simon Cowell as one of the judges, and was a big success with the viewing public. | What show was Pop Idols based on? | {
"text": [
"Popstars"
],
"answer_start": [
155
]
} |
56daedd8e7c41114004b4b34 | American_Idol | American Idol was based on the British show Pop Idol created by Simon Fuller, which was in turn inspired by the New Zealand television singing competition Popstars. Television producer Nigel Lythgoe saw it in Australia and helped convey it over to Britain. Fuller was inspired by the idea from Popstars of employing a panel of judges to select singers in audition. He then added other elements, such as telephone voting by the viewing public (which at the time was already in use in shows such as the Eurovision Song Contest), the drama of backstories and real-life soap opera unfolding in real time. The show debuted in 2001 in Britain with Lythgoe as showrunner—the executive producer and production leader—and Simon Cowell as one of the judges, and was a big success with the viewing public. | Who saw Popstars while in Australia and wanted Britain to have the same thing? | {
"text": [
"Nigel Lythgoe"
],
"answer_start": [
185
]
} |
56daedd8e7c41114004b4b35 | American_Idol | American Idol was based on the British show Pop Idol created by Simon Fuller, which was in turn inspired by the New Zealand television singing competition Popstars. Television producer Nigel Lythgoe saw it in Australia and helped convey it over to Britain. Fuller was inspired by the idea from Popstars of employing a panel of judges to select singers in audition. He then added other elements, such as telephone voting by the viewing public (which at the time was already in use in shows such as the Eurovision Song Contest), the drama of backstories and real-life soap opera unfolding in real time. The show debuted in 2001 in Britain with Lythgoe as showrunner—the executive producer and production leader—and Simon Cowell as one of the judges, and was a big success with the viewing public. | In addition to back stories and drama, what did Fuller add to the show? | {
"text": [
"telephone voting"
],
"answer_start": [
402
]
} |
56daedd8e7c41114004b4b36 | American_Idol | American Idol was based on the British show Pop Idol created by Simon Fuller, which was in turn inspired by the New Zealand television singing competition Popstars. Television producer Nigel Lythgoe saw it in Australia and helped convey it over to Britain. Fuller was inspired by the idea from Popstars of employing a panel of judges to select singers in audition. He then added other elements, such as telephone voting by the viewing public (which at the time was already in use in shows such as the Eurovision Song Contest), the drama of backstories and real-life soap opera unfolding in real time. The show debuted in 2001 in Britain with Lythgoe as showrunner—the executive producer and production leader—and Simon Cowell as one of the judges, and was a big success with the viewing public. | When did Pop Idol premiere in Britain? | {
"text": [
"2001"
],
"answer_start": [
620
]
} |
56daedd8e7c41114004b4b37 | American_Idol | American Idol was based on the British show Pop Idol created by Simon Fuller, which was in turn inspired by the New Zealand television singing competition Popstars. Television producer Nigel Lythgoe saw it in Australia and helped convey it over to Britain. Fuller was inspired by the idea from Popstars of employing a panel of judges to select singers in audition. He then added other elements, such as telephone voting by the viewing public (which at the time was already in use in shows such as the Eurovision Song Contest), the drama of backstories and real-life soap opera unfolding in real time. The show debuted in 2001 in Britain with Lythgoe as showrunner—the executive producer and production leader—and Simon Cowell as one of the judges, and was a big success with the viewing public. | Who was the executive producer of Pop Idol? | {
"text": [
"Lythgoe"
],
"answer_start": [
191
]
} |
56d3686b59d6e41400146304 | American_Idol | In 2001, Fuller, Cowell, and TV producer Simon Jones attempted to deal the Pop Idol format to the United States, but the idea was met with poor response from United States television networks. However, Rupert Murdoch, head of Fox's parent company, was persuaded to buy the show by his daughter Elisabeth, who was a fan of the British show. The show was renamed American Idol: The Search for a Superstar and debuted in the summer of 2002. Cowell was initially offered the job as showrunner but refused; Lythgoe then took over that position. Much to Cowell's surprise, it became one of the hit shows for the summer that year. The show, with the personal engagement of the viewers with the contestants through voting, and the presence of the acid-tongued Cowell as a judge, grew into a phenomenon. By 2004, it had become the most-watched show in the U.S., a position it then held on for seven consecutive seasons. | For how many seasons was American Idol the most watched show in the US? | {
"text": [
"seven"
],
"answer_start": [
884
]
} |
56d3686b59d6e41400146305 | American_Idol | In 2001, Fuller, Cowell, and TV producer Simon Jones attempted to deal the Pop Idol format to the United States, but the idea was met with poor response from United States television networks. However, Rupert Murdoch, head of Fox's parent company, was persuaded to buy the show by his daughter Elisabeth, who was a fan of the British show. The show was renamed American Idol: The Search for a Superstar and debuted in the summer of 2002. Cowell was initially offered the job as showrunner but refused; Lythgoe then took over that position. Much to Cowell's surprise, it became one of the hit shows for the summer that year. The show, with the personal engagement of the viewers with the contestants through voting, and the presence of the acid-tongued Cowell as a judge, grew into a phenomenon. By 2004, it had become the most-watched show in the U.S., a position it then held on for seven consecutive seasons. | What year did American Idol first air on FOX? | {
"text": [
"2002"
],
"answer_start": [
432
]
} |
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