text
stringlengths 0
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<p>When I try to render a panelGroup by an ajax call, it gives unknown id.</p>
<pre><code><h:form id="form1" prependId=false>
<h:panelGroup id="panel1">
<h:dataTable/>
<ui:repeat value="#{bean.page}" var="page">
<h:commandLink value="#{page}">
<f:ajax execute="@form" render="panel1" listener="#{bean.page}" />
</h:commandLink>
</ui:repeat>
</h:panelGroup>
</h:form>
</code></pre>
<p>When I tried this code, it gives unknown id panel1. I tried with id ":panel1" too. I get the same error.</p> |
The amygdala is an almond-shaped group of neurons. These groups of neurons in the brain are called "nuclei".
The word amygdala comes from from the Greek word for almond. The group of neurons is positioned in the temporal lobe of the brain. The amygdala is divided into three different groups: the basolateral nuclei, the corticomedial nuclei, and the central nucleus. The amygdala is related to the processing of emotions, especially fear. It is connected to many other parts of the brain, including the hippocampus and cingulate gyrus. Information from the sensory systems is also fed into the amygdala. This information is fed mostly to the basolateral nuclei of the amygdala.
Anatomy of the brain |
<p>I am tring to sort <code>c</code> alphabetically <code>if x[i]== x[i+1]</code>. I used <code>order()</code> function but it changes the <code>x</code> column as well. I want to order the entire row:</p>
<pre><code> best <- function(state){
HospitalName<-vector()
StateName<-vector()
HeartAttack<-vector()
k<-1
outcome<-read.csv("outcome-of-care-measures.csv",colClasses= "character")
temp<-(outcome[,c(2,7,11,17,23)])
for (i in 1:nrow(temp)){
if(identical(state,temp[i,2])==TRUE){
HospitalName[k]<-temp[i,1]
StateName[k]<-temp[i,2]
HeartAttack[k]<-as.numeric(temp[i,4])
k<-k+1
}}
frame<-data.frame(cbind(HospitalName,StateName,HeartAttack))
library(dplyr)
frame %>%
group_by(as.numeric(as.character(frame[,3]))) %>%
arrange(frame[,1])
}
Output:
HospitalName StateName HeartAttack
1 FORT DUNCAN MEDICAL CENTER TX 8.1
2 TOMBALL REGIONAL MEDICAL CENTER TX 8.5
3 CYPRESS FAIRBANKS MEDICAL CENTER TX 8.7
4 DETAR HOSPITAL NAVARRO TX 8.7
5 METHODIST HOSPITAL,THE TX 8.8
6 MISSION REGIONAL MEDICAL CENTER TX 8.8
7 BAYLOR ALL SAINTS MEDICAL CENTER AT FW TX 8.9
8 SCOTT & WHITE HOSPITAL-ROUND ROCK TX 8.9
9 THE HEART HOSPITAL BAYLOR PLANO TX 9
10 UT SOUTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL TX 9
.. ... ... ...
Variables not shown: as.numeric(as.character(frame[, 3])) (dbl)
</code></pre>
<p>Output does not contain the HeartAttack Column and I do not understand why?</p> |
Franklin's Lost Expedition was a trip to find the Northwest Passage. During the trip, everyone in the crew got lost or died.
Search and Discovery
Many people have tried to look for Franklin and what has happened to his crew, but they were not found until later on. Later on bodies of the three explores John Torrington, John Hartnell, and William Braine were discovered.
Then HMS Erebus was found in 2014 of September South of King William Island in Canada
References
Geography of Canada
History of Canada |
[ 116 ]
Extracts from Demi-O ficial Reports.—By Capt. Artuur Conotiy
on a Mission into Khorasan, (communicated to the Editor from the
Political Secretariat.)
The Huzarah and Eimauk Country which we traversed between
Bameean and Meimunna, consists of high unwooded mountains, covered
with grass and various shrubs and herbs which serve for spring and
summer pasture, and winter fodder, and vallies at different elevations,
in the highest of which is grown only the naked Thibetan barley, and in
the lowest barley, wheat, and millet.
The Huzarah portion is the coldest and poorest, and the natives with
difficulty eke out a living from its natural resources ; living in small
villages of low huts where they herd during the long winter season
under one roof with their cows and sheep, and using as fuel small
dry shrubs and the dung of their cattle. An idea of their privations may
be formed from the fact that the most of the people do not use salt.
There is none in their own country, and as they cannot afford the price
which would remunerate importers of this heavy article from Tartary and
Afghanistan, they have learned to do without it. Their best bread is con-
sequently very tasteless to a stranger.
But the Huzarahs are not allowed to enjoy even their limited means
of existence in peace, for the Oosbegs make occasional inroads upon
their dwelling places, and sweep away whole villages into slavery, leav-
ing fertile spots desolate. Their neighbours, but religious enemies, the
Eimauks, also carry off as many of them as they can, from time to time, con-
quer or kidnap, and the chiefs of their own race, steal each other's sub-
jects in their petty wars, exporting all they can thus obtain, through
Toorkish merchants with whom they have understanding.
We found the Huzarah people unblushing beggars and thieves, but
they are mild mannered and industrious, and sigh for the protection
of a settled government. Were this given to them, their condition
would soon improve in every way. Their chiefs are ‘ barbarians of the
rudest stamp, without any of the barbarous virtues.’ They reside in small
mud forts, exact as much as they can from all who come within their reach,
and form occasional combinations for the defence or attack of each
other. The Eimauks differ chiefly from the Huzarahs in being of a more
nomade habit, the chiefs consult their dignity and safety, by dwelling
in mud forts, but the people reside nearly the whole year in the dry
stick and felt tents which are used by the Toorkmans, The chiefs, like
1841.] Extracts fron Demi-Oficial Reparts. 117
the Huzarah meers, have their feuds, which continually break them up
into parties against each other. The people are bolder than the long
oppressed Huzarahs, and will get together to attack travellers whom
they would rather only attempt to rob privately.
The Soldiers of both tribes are cavalry, mounted chiefiy on small ac-
tive horses of native breed, though some ride horses imported from Toor-
kistan. Their arms are swords, and matchlocks, the last weapon furnished
with a prong for a rest. There are clans of military repute among
both people. Their strength lies in the poorness and natural difficulty
of their country, but the last defence is I imagine greatly overrated.
Parts of the interior are described as much more steep than that which
we traversed, but this portion, which is the most important, as being
on the high road to Herat, is by no means so inaccessible as it has been
represented,
Neither among Huzarahs or Eimauks is money current, and sheep form
the prime standard of barter with the traders who come among them from
Afghanistan, and Tartary. These Merchants establish a friendly under-
standing with chiefs of different districts, to whose forts they repair and
open shop, giving their hosts 2$ yards of Kerbus, or coarse narrow cotton
cloth, for the value of each sheep received in barter ; and being furnished
till their bargains are concluded, with straw for their beasts, and
generally bread for themselves and their people. Traders from Herat,
Candahar and Cabal bring their checked turbans, coarse cotton cloths
and chintzes, tobacco, felt, and carpet dyes, iron spades, and plough ends,
molasses and afew raisins. Toorkish Merchants bring similar articles
from their own country, with a little rice, cotton, and salt, occasionally
horses, which they prefer to exchange for slaves.
The articles which the Huzurahs and Kimauks bring to market, are men
and women, small black oxen, cows, and sheep, clarified butter, some
woven wollens for clothing, grain sacks and carpet bags, felts for
horse clothing, and patterned carpets, all made from the produce of their
flocks, for they export no raw wool. They also furnish lead and sulphur,
and the Kimauks especially speak of copper and silver minesas existing
in their mountains, but they do not work them.
Agha Hoossein,a Native of Herat, who had long traded among the
the Huzarah, and Eimauk clans, occupying our route between Bameean
and the border of Meimunna, negotiated our passage with a safe guard
the whole way for 1,200 Rupees, and we marched with him from Bameean
on the 23rd September 1840, escorted by 80 Huzarahs under a son of
Meer Sadik Beg, a leading chief in the district of Deb Nangre. Our road
=
118 Extracts from Demi-O ficial Reports. [No. 110.
took us in 3 marches over spurs from the main ridge of Hindoo Koosh
(Koh-I-Baba) to the fertile and well inhabited valley of Yaikobung,
which has the breadth of from + to 4 a mile, in a length of 15 miles, and is.
well watered by a clezn trout stream from the famed ‘ Bendemir,’ which
ffows on to Bulkh.
We slept the first might in the cold damp valley of Shebbertoo, which,
according to the boiling point of a Thermometer,is about 10,500 feet above
the level of the sea. The mercury at sunset stood at 37°; in the course
of the next 3 of an hour it fell to freezing point,in fact before sun rise next
morning it was down at 10°. The residents say that they have 5 months
winter, which commences late, but is every rigorous, and the deep snow
which falls, is not all off the ground two months after the vernal equinox.
The rest of the marcli brought us to the valley of Fuor Behar, about 2,100
feet lower than Shebbertoo, where the barley crop was not all ripe.
and the Thermometer showed about 11 degrees difference of temperature.
The third took us 8 miles down the valley of Yaikobung, 1,100 feet still
lower, where the people had just got in their crops of fine wheat.
The present chief of Yaikobung is Meer Mohib, a vulgar and coarse
man. He put Shah Shoojah’s letter to his head, and came to pay his
respects tous as the bearers of it, when we gave him a suitable pre-
sent. Having taken leave, he sent to beg for my furred cloak, and on
my giving his messenger a note which would procure him one from
Bameean, he sent to say that he must have my girdle shawl and 1,000
rupees, and he would permit us to depart. We were too many to be
thus bullied here, therefore replying that the Meer seemed to ‘misun-
derstand our condition, we marched away at once without his daring
to interrupt us.
West of Yaikobung, the main ridge of Hindoo Koosh sweeps round
to the northward, after which turning westward again, it forms the
northern boundary of the hills which slope down to the right side of
the Heriroad valley. Our fourth march took us by a very steep defile
across this ridge, from the base of which we descended through a deep
valley, about 5 miles westward, to the fountain head of the Heriroad a
clear pool of gently bubbling springs, where the boiling point shewed
an elevation of 9,500 feet, 1,100 higher than the bed of the stream ng
ing northward from Yaikobung.
We followed the course of the Herat river, in its clear, quick wan-
derings through different breaks of the limestone valley, which forms its
bed, for four marches, the first taking us to the head quarters of Meer
Sadik Beg in Dab Yungee. This chief, who is a vulgar but well
1841.] Extracts from Demi-Offcial Reports. 119
disposed man, treated us very hospitably, neither he or his sons read
the Shah’s letter, but having heard it perused, he stuck it in the top of
his turban, and declared that he was His Majesty’s servant to do any
thing that lay within his limited ability. We remarked that the chief
service His Majesty required from the Huzarah Meer was to keep
their people loyally quiet, to which Sadik Beg replied, that he should be
truly glad to be quiet, both on the king’s and his own account, if some
of his Huzarah neighbours and Eimauks, would only let him.
We expected to have found awaiting us near this post the Eimauk
escort which our guide had engaged from Mahomed Areem Beg, the
Atalik of the Feroozkohee clan; but we found that in the interim the
Atalik had been persuaded to march with an Himauk Army against
Hussun Sirdar, a powerful chief of the Dah Koondie Huzarahs, and
that we must in prudence await instructions from him, or an end of
the war. This Sadik Beg said would not last long, as the Eimauks
had gone in such numbers, that they would not keep the field for the
want of provisions, and the danger he most feared for us, was, our meet-
ing some of these returning troops ere we gotthe Ataliks safeguard.
Our guide therefore went off to the head quarters of the latter chief
and finding there one of his sons, persuaded him to come to our
camp. The young Eimauk chief arrived at night, and nothing
would induce him to go beyond my Meerzas tent.
The Huzarahs, he said, were his sworn enemies, and were capable
of any atrocity, why should he put himself within their reach in the
dark. Next morning he went up to the fact on Sadik Beg send.
ing him a solemn oath of friendship, and they presently came in a
cordial manner together to consult with us about the onward march.
The son of the Atalik said that he would give an answer in his fa-
ther’s name to any Eimauks who might come across our road, and as
he appeared to be an unvapouring person, he resolved to proceed with him
at once. Sadik Beg accompanied us one march witha large body of
horse, as he had heard that a party of Huzarahs, from another near
Chiefship, had marched to intercept us, turning back at the end of his
district, between which and the Eimauk border a few miles of the valley
are left waste. Our reported enemy, the Chief of Sal, met us here with
100 horse, and said that he had ridden to our assistance, on the intelli-
gence that Hussan Khan of the Tymunnee Eimauks had occupied the
road ahead, with the intention of plundering us. We understood this
to be a demand for a present, so adding to our thanks a Cashmere
120 Extracts from Demi-Official Reports. [No. IIO
shawl, we marched on, receiving from our way side acquaintance a parting
caution to put no trust in any Eimauk.
We safely concluded this day’s march of 12 miles, which brought us
among a quite different people. In point of personal appearance the
advantage was certainly on the side of the Eimauks, who though living
closely after the nomade fashion of Toorkmans and Oosbegs, have
the features rather of Darians then Tartars. The Feroorcokehs indeed
claim descent from a Colony, which was exported from Feroorkoh,
in the Persian province of Mazenderan. We encamped upon the right
bank of the Henrood, among people of this clan, half a mile off on
the other side of the river was the fort of Dowlut Yar, surrounded by
villages of Tymunnee tents, to which we learned that Hussan Khan
had returned the day before, apparently without having entertained any
idea of barring our road.
The war, we learned, was ended. It had its origin inan act of vio-
lence committed 9 years before upon the very Agha Hossein attending us
as guide, then travelling with a stock of goods from Herat to Cabool, who
was plundered by the former chief of Dowlut Yar, for preferring the
quarters of our host the Ferozkohee Atalik. The latter Chief not being
able with his domestic means to force a restitution of the goods taken
from his protégé, allowed Agha Hossein to call upon his Huzarah friends
for succour, and the leading chief of Deh Koondee, Hussan Sirdar,
glad to indulge a national dislike while defending a commercial pri-
vilege which it concerned every Chief, whether Eimauk or Huzarah, to
uphold, came with sucha large force that he took the lead in the opera-
tions against Dowlut Yar, having captured and utterly rased the
fort; after killing its Chief and his eldest son, he gave the old man’s,
wife to his own brother, and took his daughter to himself, returning
home only, when he had captured another fort nearer the border, and
placed a party of his own men therein. Agha Hossein got all his goods
that could be recovered, and so retired. But now the Atulik regretted
the loss of Eimauk reputation to which he had been accessory, so he
countenanced a stratagem by which the border fort was recaptured, and
having helped to rebuild that of Doulut Yar, brought back the old chicf’s
second son, the presént Hussan Khan, to in herit it. The latter had just
before our coming persuaded most of the Eimauk Chiefs, including his fa-
ther’s first adversary the Atalik, to make on attack upon Hussan Sirdar of
Deh Koondee, for the cleansing of their national reputation. The quarrel
was accommodated in a way to make the Eimauks appear superior, by the
1841. ] Extracts from Demi-Official Reports.. 121
Deh Koondee Sirdar’s restoring the arms which he had ‘taken from Hussan
Khan’s father and engaging to give 2 or 3 daughters to the heir and his.
relatives, to close the blood account.
Agha Hossein our guide,. who thought it well to remove all ill blood
from Hussan Khan’s heart for the excusable share that he had in the past
disasters, went to Dowlut Yar, with a koran, on which he declared before
witnesses that he absolved. the chief from. all obligations to repair his.
former losses, and called upon him to say in the same solemn way that by-
gones should be bygones. The Chief consented, and accepted a present
which we sent witha letter to his address from Shah Shoojah, but his
manner on both occasions was so sullen that our guide resolved to give
him theleast possible opportunity of doing us an injury.
The Atalik arrived in our camp next morning, and speaking with con-
fidence about our road forward, sent us on witha small escort under his
brother and son, while he went to get back from Hussan Khan a horse
stolen from our pickets which had been traced to Dowlut Yar. When
we had got 2 miles down the valley we were met by 60 horsemen, who.
called out tous to stop and pay zucat.. The Atalik’s. brother riding a head,.
and explaining that we were envoys on the King’s affairs, and not traders,
our waylayer replied that we had paid our way to others, and why not to.
him. ‘They are guests of the Atalik’ exclaimed his brother, ‘and by God
and the Prophet they shall not give a needle or-a Chillum of tobacco.”
t Then by God and the Prophet we will take it’, rejoined the robber; where-
upon he ranged some of his men in line to face us.and caused others to
dismount upon a rock behind and to. set their guns in rest. We lost no
time in getting ready for defence, but the Atalik’s brother riding out
between our fronts, called a parley, and drew a line which neither party
was to pass till peace or war had been decided on. Three quarters of an-
hour was consumed in debate, which was thrice broken by demonstration of
attack and by the end of this time 30 or 40 men of the same tribe had col-.
lected on foot from a rear encampment,with the evident intention of making.
arush at our baggage in the event of our becoming engaged in front,
We had despatched several messengers to-bring up our host, and just:
at the affair had assumed its worst look, a. cry was raised that he was
coming. Looking back, we could see horsemen pouring out like bees,
from the tents surrounding Dowlut Yar, and all hastening in our
direction, but while our Eimauk escort exclaimed that the Atalik was’
coming in force to the rescue, our opponents cried out in scorn that
Hussan Khan was coming to help them to plunder us, and each party,.
R
122 Extracts from Demi-Official Reports. [No. 110.
raised a shout for the supposed reinforcement. After about 10 minutes
of the most intense anxiety during which we and our opponents, as if
by mutual agreement, waited to see whose conjecture was right, we were
relieved by the arrival of the Atalik, who galloping up ahead to us at
the utmost speed, exclaimed that he had brought Hussan Khan to our
defence. The announced ally was not long in following with 300 men,
and our enemies were made to understand that they must abandon
all idea of attacking us. Hussan Khan declaring that we were envoy’s
recommended to him by the Shah whose slave he was, and that he would
allow no one to molest us. It seemed pretty clear that the Atalik had
wrought this loyal zeal in Hussan Khan’s mind, and probably, from the
delay which had occurred, that he had not found the task easy ; but ’twas
not a time to scrutinize very particularly the motives which had brought us
a defender, so we gave Hussan Khan the politest credit for his professions,
and at evening sent hima handsome shawl from the Atalik’s fort, with a
promise that we would not fail to represent his conduct to the Shah.
We arrived that evening without further adventure, at Badgah in
Cheghehezan, a fort in the Herirood valley which is the family seat of
the Feroozkohee Atalik, and we shewed our appreciation of the ser-
vice which this chief had rendered us by giving a very handsome present
to him, besides gifts according to their degrees to his brother and other
relations. — | | i i
We were detained 4 days at Badgah, first in consequence of the Atalik’s
indisposition, and then in order to get rid of a neighbouring chief con-
nected with him, Kurar Beg of Surusghar, who threatened to attack us
in our very camp near the Atalik’s fort unless we paid him black mail,
his right to demand this, he said, lying simply in his power to enforce
jts payment. After causing us several alarms, Kurar Beg listened to the
remonstrances of the Atalik, the aid of our host being necessary to
protect him from another more powerful chief whose son he had mur-
dered in his own house, and he came to pay usa visit, attended by 200
followers.
We now left the Herirood valley, ascending 3 miles through the hills
on its northern side to a ridge running parallel with it, and proceeding 8
miles further to the northward over an undulating down to the summit
of the main ridge of Hindoo Koosh, which we crossed by the easy pass of
Shategh iGhilmee. It is not higher to the eye. than the ridge first
noted, and there are higher looking masses to the northward, but our
guides said that it rose again both east and westward, and their defini-
1841.] Extracts from Demi-Ofjicial Reports. 123
tion need not be disputed, for the springs on oneside of this trunk
flow to the Herirood, and on the other towards Tartary. We descended
from it to a deep and rapid brook called the Tungan; which led us 4
miles down with the cultivated valley of Ghilmce to the mouth ofa deep
and close pass called the Derah i Khurgoosh, or the Hare’s defile, where
the boiling point shewed an elevation of 5,200 feet, about 400 feet lower
than our last stafion in the valley ef the Herirood.
Friday 9th October. Quitting camp at 9, 15, we followed the brook
Tungan into the Hare’s defile, commanding the road at the second of
3 angles. In the first 500 yards, was a brick wall with holes built up
like a screen upon a not easily attainable portion of the rock, which we
were told was anciently erected to help the collection of transit duty.
We next went 13-1 miles between bare perpendicular mountains of lime-
stone, the defile running in acute zigzags which for the most part were
not more than 50 or 60 yards long, and having but breadth enough for a
path, and for the brook which we were continually obliged to cross.
Burnes, I see, states that after crossing the Dundan Shikan, he travelled on
northward to Khoollum between frequently precipitous rocks which rose
on either side to the height of 300 feet and obscured all stars at
night, except those of the zenith. I am afraid of exaggerating the
height of the cliffs between which our road here lay by guessing
at their height in feet, so will only say that their precipitous elevation
made our horsemen look like pigmies as they filed along their bases
in the bed. After this very narrow portion, the defile widened to the
breadth of 50 yards, but it presently contracted again to that of thirty,
which may be stated as the average width of its onward windings for
nearly 5 miles, where the Tungan discharged itself into the river Moor-
ghaub, which came from the east, ina bed of good width, through a simi-
lar deep pass. After creeping along the bottom of the defile for the
first 23 hours of our march, we ascended some way up the side of the
left mountain, and followed the bends for the next hour and a quarter
by a narrow path worn upon its slightly sloping edge, a tangled thicket `
now occupying all the spare bed of the stream, to which we descended
again 4 mile before its junction with the Moorghaub. The Tungan is
a deep brook before its entrance into the Hare’s defile. In spring, what
with the increase of its waters from melted snow, and and their com-
pression between the sharp turnings of the narrow defile, there is no
passage from side to side, except such as is afforded for a footman by
means of a spear laid across its rocky banks. The distances noted
afford a very imperfect description of the quantity of ground that must
124 Extracts from Demi-Official Reports. [No. 110.
‘be traversed by a traveller through this defile. An idea of its windings
may be formed from the facts, that our baggage ponies were nearly 4
hours creeping along a distance for which my observations afford a direct
line of 63 miles, and that the portion of our road which laysi in the bed,
crossed the stream 34 times. i
What is called the Derah i — ends at the ee of the
Tungan with the Moorghaub, but the narrowness and difficulty of the pass
continues for a mile farther down the left bank of the latter stream,
which we forded where the water was up to our ponies’ shoulders, run-
ning at the rate of, I should imagine, 33 miles per hour. A steep road,
which laden ponies take, ascended a little above the entrance of Derah
i Khurgoosh, which comes down again just below the junction of the
-two streams,
Afterward the pass opens out into a warm litte valley of 250 yards
width, called Taitak, or under the mountain, at the end of which we
halted near some Eimauk tents, Hence we turned off northerly from
the Moorghaub, and ascending by a moderate steep pass to the top
of the hills enclosing its right side, proceeded on a gentle rise over
an undulating surface that gained to a small grassy vale lying at
the foot of a higher pass. Here we had an unpleasant scene with
the greedy relatives of the Atalik accompanying us, who announcing
their intention to take leave, demanded presents extravagantly above any
claims that they could prefer for reward, and by their united clamour
hindered all endeavours to moderate their claims made by our host,
to whom alone were we strictly bound to give any thing. After I had
gone out of the way to satisfy these beggars, they went off as if they
were the party robbed, and I have no doubt that they incited the atta
which was made upon us the next day.
October 11th. Quitting campat 10, we ascended i mile - a rodli
pass to the spring head of Misree, which waters a small grassy level in the
enclosure of the pass where we found an Eimauk encampment. The pass
-upward from this little platform was steepish, though on an equal ascent,
and the path was tiring, lying over small loose fragments of slaty lime-
stone which had fallen from the shelving bases of the decomposed cliffs on
each side. The defile above the spring gradually narrowed in an ascent of
about 13-3 miles, which our loaden ponies were 40 minutes accomplishing,
toa point at which the steep rocks, enclosing it almost met, leaving a short
passage through which 3 horsemen could ride abreast. Our foremost
riders had nearly reached this point when a number of armed men
rising with shouts from their ambuscade above it and on either side
1841.] Extracts from Demi-Official Reports. 125
of us, began with one accord to pelt stones at us and to fire their guns,
those who were on our flanks also loosennig pieces of rock which came
bounding down the shingle bank with force enough to bear away any
thing occupying the path. Fortunately the cafila was far enough be-
hind to avoid the first of the attack, and we retreated to an open part of
the pass, where, making ourselves masters of the shelving bank on each
side, we entered into negotiation with our assailants ahead. After much
time had been lost in parley, our aggressors agreed to take a few pieces
‘of chintz and 40 rupees (as we had no more goods) and invited us to
advance, but we had scarcely reached the old point, when our envoy sent
with the cloths and cash agreed to, came running down to us stripped and
beaten ; and the attack upon us was renewed. Our skirmishers having kept
the shelving flanks, we had not to retreat far, and having briefly con-
sulted on turning again, we decided that there was nothing for it but to
force our way, so advancing with our best musquet men on foot, while
those left with the cafila followed in close order, firing over our heads
at the cliffs above, we in less than 10 minutes made ourselves masters of
the narrow passage, from which our enemies retreated over the hills.
Some of our men and horses were severely bruised by the stones which
were raised upon us during this push, but 20 boxes were broken, and the
only gun shot wound that could be found was in the cloak of one of my
Hindoostanee servants. I am happy to believe that none of our
cowardly enemies were killed or seriously wounded, for we found no
dead men on the rocks taken, and they retreated too fast to carry off any
who were much disabled.
We were 40 minutes more ascending to the summit of the pass, but
the defile was comparatively open above the narrow passage, the rocks
On each side being low and rounded. We here took leave of the Atalik
who had come after us on hearing that we were attaeked. I believe him
to be about the best man in his country.
We rested at evening in the small valley of Hushtumee, where we
found officers collecting the tax of one sheep in forty for the Walee of
Meimunna. Our next two marches were over the mountains of the
Hindoo Koosh, from which we made a steep descent, leaving the mouth
of the defile by which they are entered nearly 6 miles S. E. of Meimunna,
to which we proceeded through a fertile valley bounded by low and round
earthy hills, the stream which we had followed from the foot of the
mountains irrigating countless vineyards and gardens, the walls and trees
of which concealed the town till we were inside it.
126 Extracts fron Demi-Official Reports. [No. 110.
Somes miles before reaching Meimunna we observed a sign that we were
approaching a slave mart, for an old man who rode out from a small en-
campment to offer his horse tous for sale, said that he would take a
young male slave and a pony for it. We told him that we were
not men sellers, and asked him if he was not ashamed to deal in the
Khulk’Oollah. (God’s Creatures.) He replied that he could only do
as every body round him did, but that he did not require the -actual
slave, only the value of one, shewing that men are here a standard of
barter as sheep are among the Huzarahs. MHerattees, this old broker
said, were comparatively speaking a drug in the market, owing to the
quantity that the vuzeer of that city had exported. Huzarahs were so so,
and the only captives that would now fetch a good price, were the young
men and girls of Roum and (illeg. in MS. ) or other real Kuzzilbashees,
Mirrab Khan was out upon his annual battu when we arrived, but
his brother gave us excellent lodging, where our people and horses
were daily provided with every thing that could be desired. The Walee
returned on the 4th day of our detention, and courteously visited us the next
morning, when after presenting to him Shah Shoojah’s letter and a dress
of honor, I quite won his heart by giving him a double barrelled percussion
gun, he being passionately addicted to field sports. We went the next
day to return his visit, and the following is my note of the interview.
Mirrab Khan bade us frankly welcome, and ordered in breakfast of
bread, fruit and salted cream tea, of which we partook together, our
servants carrying off parcels of fine green tea imported from Yarkund,
and large loaves of Russian refined sugar, which were set before us
upon large platters of dried fruits, as the host’s offering.
l could not obtain certain accounts of Mirrab Khan’s revenue, for he
keeps no regular dufter. My Meerza witnessed this irregularity for years,
and used to remonstrate with Mirrab Khan about it, when the chief
would reply that it was not the Oosbeg way to take particular account
of what came and went, asaying confirmed by report of the laxity,
which prevails in the financial department of Khiva, and even in that
of the more formally organized government of Bokhara. Mirrab Khan
expected to be furnished with means for all his expenses by his Dewan
Beggee, who was able to do this without murmuring, after getting in
half of the Walee’s due from the inferior officers, through whose hands
it came. I have roughly calculated the Walee’s annual expenses at 10,000
tillas, or 80,000 Caubul rupees, which supposing my preceding conjec-
ture right, would give him a fair revenue of a lakh, and a half of
1841.] Extracts from Demi-Offcial Reports. 127
rupees, but this might be increased very greatly, ifany thing like system
were introduced into his government. It is said at Meimunna that
Ahimud Shah imposed a tax of one toman upon each of 360 ploughs, be-
longing to as many villages in this district, then registered under Au-
milders, for the support of Hajee Khan’s Mehman Khanah. Those
ploughs were understood to be used for the cultivation of lands watered
by natural streams, (there are no kuhreezes in this country), and some-
thing more than 3 times their produce was said to be raised from
Daimee land or soil watered by the heavens. If we allow 15 khurwars
for the crop of one plough, we have 5,400 khurwars for the stream
lands; 3 times this for the rain crops would be 17,200 khurwars and the
total 22,600 Ditto. The country is certainly now better populated and
cultivated then it was at the beginning of the Doorannee monarchy, so
a guess may be made at the least amount of its agricultural produce, but
I cannot pretend to determine this. Much again is exported from this pro-
vince to the Eimauks and Huzarahs, and, latterly, to Herat. In cheap
times a khurwar, or 100 muns, of wheat is sold for a ducat; we only get a
third of this quantity for the same money.
We made 5 marches to the southward of west, via Alma, Keisu and
Charshumbel from Meimunna to the rise of the Moorghaub encamping on
its bank at the fort of Karoul Khaneh’s a few miles below the fort of Bala
Moorghaub which we did not see. In view upon our left during these 5
marches was the northermost ridge of the Hindoo Koosh mountains from
which we descended behind Meimunna. Ourroad lay upon easy rises and
falls through hills of a light clayey soil, enclosing many well watered
vallies and glens, in which is cultivated wheat, barley, millet, sesame, flax
and cotton ; vineyards and gardens flourish about the villages at the chief of
which brisk little fairs are held twice a week for the convenience of the
country round. It isa fruitful country which only requires more inhabi-
tants, and I learn that the districts on towards Herat, as well as those under
the mountains eastward of Meimunna, are of similar character.
We found our road to Karoul Khazeh safe, but vigilantly watched by
patrolling parties detached by the Walee of Meimunna, the Jemsheiddee
tribe, and the Soonnee Huzarahs of Killah. Several cofilas passed us,
going to Bokhara with merchandize, or to Meimunna for grain, and we met
single Toorkmauns riding horses to Meimunna which they designed to
exchange there for slaves. Onthe 4th March, when we had passed the
ruined fort of Kaornach, anciently the Jemsheeddee border mark, we
were met by a young chief of the latter tribe, who thinking that our in-
fluence might avail him at Herat, complained that he had been driven
128 Extracts from Demi-Offcial Reports. [No. 110.
from his home by Mahommud Zeman Khan, his more powerful rival of
the same clan, who on sending a party of those who had followed him,
to cultivate land near Nerochok had fairly seized their crops, driven off
their cattle and sold 25 persons tothe Toorkmauns.. This confirmed the-
statement which we had heard at Meimunna, and which we soon ceased:
to doubt that the Soonnee religion is no longer a safeguard aguainst cap-
tivity. Every defenceless person who can be used for labor is carried:
off to the insatiable markets of Tartary. We were followed by a small
cafila of slaves from Meimunna consisting of Sheah Huzarahs and Soon-
nee Eimauks, of all ages from 5 to 30.
We forded the Moorghaub at Karoul Khaneh, and our onward march.
lay along or near its left bank for 8 marches to Merve. The first took
us past the rather imposing, but desolate mud fort and citadel of Meroc-
hak. Many mud pillars, which were formerly used by watchers of
. crops, yet stand among the weedy bushes that have overrun the chief
portion of this now deserted valley, and the land retains many traces of
the industry with which it used to be irrigated. In parts high weeds.
have sprung up thickly where flood water from the Moorghaub has been
allowed to settle, and its stagnation in those marshes is doubtless the
chief cause of the malaria which makes this district uninhabitable during
the heat of summer. The next wide break of the Moorghaub valley
below a broad belt of low dry hills which bound Merochak, forms the
head of the division called Punjdeh extending 20 miles down to a point
where the stream of Kooshk joins t oorghaub, which although it con-
tains weedy vegetation in standing water on one side, is well inhabited
by Tookmauns, who are evidently in a flourishing condition. They
breed many horses which they profitably export ; and they find pasture
for large flocks of sheep, and herds of camels in their range of the valley
parts of which they cultivate with jewaree wheat and barley.
These Toorkmauns area colony of the Ersauree tribe from the banks.
of the Oxus, divided into 4 clans, called Oolle Zuppeh, Kureh Shughsee,
and Chunghee which they estimate in round numbers at 500 tents each.
At Punjdeh we laid in 5 days’ dry provisions for ourselves and horses,.
there being no encampments upon our road or along the Moorghaub to
Yellatoon. The right of the valley, which the river favors, is for nearly all
through bounded by a well defined line of low hills. The left, near which
our road lay, was sided by hillocks and undulations than positive hills. Ou
the 2d March we first observed sand lying upon the hillas if drifted by
northerly winds from the desert, and a third of our-onward way lay,
over loose beds of sand that covered portions of the hard white clay soil,
1841.] Despatch from Lieut. H. Bigge. 129
which forms the proper surface of the country as far as Merve. The bank
of the Moorghaub upon which we halted each night, was thickly fringed
with Tamarisk bushes. The water of the river was very muddy, flowing
ly with eddies at the rate of one anda quarter mile per hour, and having
many dangerous quicksands. We very nearly lost a man who rode his
horses a little way in to drink. Though we met no tents we saw vast flocks
of sheep which are sent thus far from Merve to pasture with a few shep-
herds and dogs. We carried chopped straw upon our horses, being ac-
customed to it, but there was no want of grass on the way for the native
horses of our fellow travellers who had not gone to this expense. The
road is by no means difficult abounding as it does in grass, wood and water,
and it was evidently well travelled formerly.
Our third march brought us to a very fine caravansary of burned
bricks, containing accommodation for many men and beasts, which is ‘
attributed to Abdoolah Khan of Bokhara a philanthropist who has the
credit of all good works in these countries, as Alle Merdun Khan does in
Affghanistan. Close to it is a mausoleum sacred to the memory of some
Imaum forgotten.
Despatch from Lieut. H. Bigge, Assistant Agent, detached to the
Naga Hills, to Capt. Jenkins, Agent Governor General, N.E.
Frontier, communicated from ihe Political Secretariat of India to
the Secretary to the Asiatic Society.
I have the honor to report my arrival at this Post, (Demalpore) where
I am happy to state large supplies of grain, &c. &c., are now daily
arriving for the use of the troops about toaccompany me to the Naga
hills.
Having been prevented, from the total want of population on the road
between Rangalao Ghur and Kasirangah, of Mehal Morung, from pass-
ing up that line of country, I crossed to the north bank of the Burram-
pooter at Bishnath, and passing through the villages of Baghmaree,
Rangsalli, Goopore, and Kolah Barri inthe Luckimpore district, crossed
the Maguli Island to Dehingeahgong, and so through Deergong to Ca-
charri Hath, where I fell in with the detachment of the Assam Lt. Inf.
which Captain Hannay had sent off, to await my orders at Nogorah.
From Cacharri Hath I passed to the Dhunseri river at Golah ghaut,
where I was glad to find that the greatest portion of the supplies of
rice, &c. dispatched by me from Nogong, had all arrived safely, and
5
|
Santa Monica is a beach town in California. It is next to Los Angeles, California, US.
It was made a city in 1886. In 2000, there were 88,050 people living there.
It is famous for the Santa Monica Pier that has many fun rides.
Famous people from Santa Monica
Sandy Nelson (d. 2022)
Other websites
Santa Monica Convention and Visitors Bureau
Santa Monica Chamber of Commerce
Santa Monica Little League
Santa Monica Public Library
A Weekend in Santa Monica – slideshow by The New York Times |
Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Air Flight 251 (PTK251) was a domestic Russian scheduled passenger flight from Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky to Palana, both in Kamchatka Krai in the Russian Far East. On 6 July 2021, the Antonov An-26 serving the flight crashed on approach to Palana. All 28 people on board were killed. The plane had crashed into a cliff when landing.
References
July 2021 events |
Panevėžys County is one of the ten counties in Lithuania. The capital city is Panevėžys. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was ended.
Municipalities
Panevėžys County has the following municipalities:
References
Counties of Lithuania |
The district of Konolfingen in the Swiss canton of Bern has 29 municipalities in an area of 214 km².
CH-3672 Aeschlen bei Oberdiessbach
CH-3112 Allmendingen bei Bern
CH-3508 Arni
CH-3507 Biglen
CH-3674 Bleiken bei Oberdiessbach
CH-3533 Bowil
CH-3671 Brenzikofen
CH-3510 Freimettigen
CH-3506 Grosshöchstetten
CH-3510 Häutligen
CH-3671 Herbligen
CH-3629 Kiesen
CH-3510 Konolfingen
CH-3434 Landiswil
CH-3673 Linden
CH-3532 Mirchel
CH-3110 Münsingen
CH-3504 Niederhünigen
CH-3672 Oberdiessbach
CH-3504 Oberhünigen
CH-3531 Oberthal
CH-3629 Oppligen
CH-3113 Rubigen
CH-3082 Schlosswil
CH-3502 Tägertschi
CH-3083 Trimstein
CH-3512 Walkringen
CH-3114 Wichtrach
CH-3076 Worb
CH-3532 Zäziwil
Konolfingen |
Aleksandr Nikolayevich Mikhailov ( September 15, 1951 – December 4, 2020) was a Russian politician. He was Governor of Kursk Oblast in Russia from 2000 to 2018. He was a member of the State Duma from 1993 to 2000 and of the Federation Council from 2018 until his death.
Mikhailov died on December 4, 2020 at the age of 69.
References
1951 births
2020 deaths
Russian politicians |
The Battle of Rhandeia was a battle fought between Armenia and Parthia against the Roman Empire. It was fought just after the Mithridatic Wars. The Romans were led by Lucius Caesennius Paetus. They were defeated by the Parthian-Armenian army led by Tiridates I of Armenia.
The Parthians made Tiridates the King of Armenia. He was the brother of the Parthian king Vologases I. Tiridates replaced Tigranes, a Roman ally, as king. The Romans fought to take back the throne, but were forced into surrender at Rhandeia (autumn 62).
Related pages
Armenian Empire
References
History of Armenia
Rhandeia
62 |
Infant mortality is a measure of how many babies die during the first 12 months after birth. It is usually measured as being a number of deaths for every thousand births. The rate of infant mortality in a given place is the total number of babies dying under one year of age divided by the total number of live births during the year, then all multiplied by 1,000. For example, in 2009 the infant mortality rate in the USA was 6.8. That means for every 1000 births, 6.8 babies will die before the age of one.
References
Death
Statistics |
<p>I need a panel which keeps scrolling horizontal automatically while the activity is running. Just like the scrolling bottom bar we see on Television ( on News etc.). Any idea on how to achieve this ? Thanks</p>
<p>Edit : I found out there are guides & libraries on this , seems that the word I needed was 'marquee' </p> |
Marco Cappato (born 25 May 1971) is an Italian activist and politician. Cappato was an Italian Member of the European Parliament from 1999 to 2009. He was a candidate for President of Italy in the 2022 elections.
References
1971 births
Living people
MEPs for Italy
Italian activists
Former MEPs
People from Milan |
Olla is a small town in La Salle Parish, Louisiana, United States.
Towns in Louisiana |
Molar concentration, or molarity, or simply concentration, is a term in physical chemistry. It measures the concentration of a solution or mixture.
In chemistry, the molar concentration, is defined as the amount of a constituent (usually measured in moles – hence the name) divided by the volume of the mixture :
The volume in the definition refers to the volume of the solution, not the volume of the solvent. One litre of a solution usually contains either slightly more or slightly less than 1 litre of solvent because when a substance dissolves in a solvent it causes volume of liquid to increase or decrease.
The reciprocal quantity represents the dilution (volume) which can appear in Ostwald's law of dilution.
References
Physical chemistry |
Jin Renqing (; 29 July 1944 – 28 August 2021) was a Chinese politician. He was born in Suzhou, China. He was a member of the Communist Party. He was the Director of the State Taxation Administration from 1998 until 2003. He was later the Minister of Finance from 2003 until 2007.
Jin died in a house fire in Beijing on 28 August 2021, aged 77.
References
1944 births
2021 deaths
Chinese politicians
Deaths from fire
Communists |
Däniken can mean:
The Swiss writer Erich von Däniken
Däniken, Solothurn, a municipality of Switzerland |
<p>The wording of my question might be poor, but I'm trying to extend multiple classes in TypeScript and whenever I instantiate the object, I don't want any of the properties to be undefined. So in my various classes, I assign the variables values, but when I log it, they don't show up. In reading the Typescript docs, they mention using a mixin and that works if I want to access a variable, but all the variables are undefined, even though I defined them.</p>
<p>What I'm looking for is this...</p>
<pre><code>const c = new C();
console.log(c)
</code></pre>
<p>Whenever I console log this is what I want to see</p>
<pre><code>"propC1": "C1"
"propA1": "A1"
"propA2": "A2"
"propB1": "B1"
"propB2": "B2"
"myNumber": 1000
</code></pre>
<p>Instead I only see</p>
<pre><code> "propC1": "C1"
</code></pre>
<p>Here is the code</p>
<pre><code>function applyMixins(derivedCtor: any, baseCtors: any[]) {
baseCtors.forEach(baseCtor => {
Object.getOwnPropertyNames(baseCtor.prototype).forEach(name => {
if (name !== 'constructor') {
derivedCtor.prototype[name] = baseCtor.prototype[name];
}
});
});
}
class Z {
constructor(public myNumber = 1000){}
}
class A extends Z{
constructor(...){
super();
}
}
class B{
constructor(...){}
}
interface C extends A, B {}
class C implements A, B{
public propC1 = "C1";
}
applyMixins (C, [A, B]);
</code></pre>
<p><a href="https://www.typescriptlang.org/play?#code/GYVwdgxgLglg9mABAQwA6oDYE8CyMAeMYAzgBQAmApgE4wBul5AwlHNQFwphYA0iARsmKUWbYp2TcA2gF0AlIgDeAKERqBQka2rEAdMDYBRZBAAWpQcNHVEAXgB8S1epcB5fgCtK0XQHNKUK4A7mAACtRwqDRQWAByyAC2lGSWWmy6qBGsMVFy%20kYm5mCJlHaOKi6VLjDAiKTFSYgAhLa2iADkEAjEUNQg0GztChVVo2pUtAzM2hlZcDmUUg2UMnYaVjOZ8-NYUUslMgDczmNqAL4nlWdyxy7Xh4jKF8oQGELEiABaTmpdJL39bSkVAgfgYGAQRAJOIgBL8GhrACMAAZUXJFBdnq93ogAIKISj4KCUMDkD6fEZ-Hp9AbUUiXEFgiGILaoXGItYAInZnJ4DNB4MhrNxACYuaLec45M4RmpiCAonSbs5McoXm9iB8AEKU7oA2n0lyMwUsiKoLUctqci2So0C5msrViq1O22IaVqDFPNVEYnUYAmUpMAlEklkvF8LU-R5YjUfYMwBKYShJMBQD64yMjY0Os1MS2ITn5znHZ5oTC4AhED6kJh8KSZxBa%20THNVUqCISFtMCUIKIJikG5AA" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Typescript Playground here</a></p> |
<p>From what I read on the Django manual, I thought that the <code>exact</code> field lookup would perform a case-SENSITIVE search, yet, when I do this</p>
<p><code>FormZBaseElementExtraLabel.objects.filter(label__exact='his6')</code></p>
<p>I get the following output</p>
<p><code><QuerySet [<FormZBaseElementExtraLabel: HIS6>]></code></p>
<p>clearly not case-sensitive, and in fact identical to the default <code>filter</code> or <code>iexact</code>.</p>
<p>Any ideas as to what could be the problem?</p>
<p>Thank you</p> |
Over the Limit (2011) is a future professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event to be made by WWE, which will happen on May 22, 2011 at the KeyArena in Seattle, Washington. It will be the second Over the Limit event.
Background
Raw matches
The main event for the Raw side of the PPV was determined on the May 9 edition of Raw. The Miz, Alberto Del Rio and Rey Mysterio faced off in a triple threat match where the winner would face John Cena for the WWE Championship at Over the Limit. The Miz won the match by rolling up Mysterio. After the match was over, as had been announced, Cena come out to announce what type of match he had chosen. He tole the Miz, if he wants his title back, it's simple, you only "have to make me say two words", thus he announced the match would be an "I Quit" match.
Also on Raw, carrying over from their WrestleMania and Extreme Rules matches, Jerry Lawler challenged Michael Cole to one final match at Over the Limit, where if he lost he would personally induct Cole in to the WWE Hall of Fame and give him his Hall of Fame ring. Cole initially said no and started bragging about his Mothers Day with his mother the day before in front of Lawler, whose mother died in February. This prompted King to try and attack Cole who was in his "Cole Mine" (a Plexiglas box meant to protect Cole from Lawler). As King went to attack, he was attacked from behind by Cole's mentor Jack Swagger. A little later in the show, Lawler came back out and attacked Cole through the holes cut in the "Cole Mine" by yanking Cole's head repeatedly against the plexiglas by his tie. After he was saved, Swagger accepted the match against Lawler on behalf of Cole, much to Cole's displeasure.
Matches
Related pages
WWE Over the Limit
References
Other websites
Official Over the Limit website
2011 in professional wrestling
Sports in Seattle, Washington
WWE Over the Limit
2011 in the United States
2010s in Washington (U.S. state)
21st century in Seattle, Washington |
Paradise Cay is an unincorporated place in Marin County, California, United States.
References
Unincorporated communities in California
Settlements in Marin County, California |
Brocton is a village in Illinois in the United States.
Villages in Illinois |
<p>I have read existing <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/9734175/why-are-class-member-functions-inlined">answers</a> on the two meanings of inline, but I am still confused.</p>
<p>Let's assume we have the following header file:</p>
<pre><code>// myclass.h
#ifndef INCLUDED_MYCLASS
#define INCLUDED_MYCLASS
class MyClass
{
public:
void foo(); // declaration
};
inline void MyClass::foo()
{
// definition
}
#endif
</code></pre>
<p>Why does <code>void foo()</code> which is defined outside the class in the file, have to be explicitly defined with <code>inline</code>?</p> |
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