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nikchar

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retrieval_verification_roberta

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[ "China", "Smart_grid_in_China", "Economy_of_Pakistan", "Caribbean–China_relations", "Migration_in_China" ]

[ "China , officially the People 's Republic of China -LRB- PRC -RRB- , is a unitary sovereign state in East Asia and the world 's most populous country , with a population of over 1.381 billion . Covering approximately 9.6 e6km2 , China is the world 's second-largest state by land area and third - or fourth-largest by total area . Governed by the Communist Party of China , it exercises jurisdiction over 22 provinces , five autonomous regions , four direct-controlled municipalities -LRB- Beijing , Tianjin , Shanghai and Chongqing -RRB- and the Special Administrative Regions Hong Kong and Macau , also claiming sovereignty over Taiwan . China is a great power and a major regional power within Asia , and has been characterized as a potential superpower . China emerged as one of the world 's earliest civilizations in the fertile basin of the Yellow River in the North China Plain . For millennia , China 's political system was based on hereditary monarchies , or dynasties , beginning with the legendary Xia dynasty . Since 221 , when the Qin dynasty conquered the other largest six states to form the first unified Chinese empire , China has then expanded , fractured and re-unified numerous times in the following millennia . In 1912 , the Republic of China -LRB- ROC -RRB- replaced the last dynasty and ruled the Chinese mainland until 1949 , when it was defeated by the communist People 's Liberation Army in the Chinese Civil War . The Communist Party established the People 's Republic of China in Beijing on 1 October 1949 , while the ROC government relocated to Taiwan with its present de facto temporary capital in Taipei . Both the ROC and PRC continue to claim to be the legitimate government of all China , though the latter has more recognition in the world and controls more territory . China has had the largest economy in the world for much of the last two thousand years , during which it has seen cycles of prosperity and decline . Since the introduction of economic reforms in 1978 , China has become one of the world 's fastest-growing major economies . , it is the world 's second-largest economy by nominal GDP and largest by purchasing power parity -LRB- PPP -RRB- . China is also the world 's largest exporter and second-largest importer of goods . China is a recognized nuclear weapons state and has the world 's largest standing army and second-largest defense budget . The PRC is a member of the United Nations , as it replaced the ROC as a permanent member of the U.N. Security Council in 1971 . China is also a member of numerous formal and informal multilateral organizations , including the WTO , APEC , BRICS , the Shanghai Cooperation Organization -LRB- SCO -RRB- , the BCIM and the G-20 . ", "China is the world 's larges consumer of electricity , and its demand is expected to double by next decade , and triple by 2035 . In 2010 , 70 percent of China 's electricity generation came from coal-fired power plants , but now the Chinese government is investing heavily in renewable energy technologies . As of 2013 , 21 percent of China 's electricity generation comes from renewable sources . This represents only 9 percent of China 's overall primary energy use coming from renewable resources . China 's latest goal is to increase renewable energy to 9.5 percent of overall primary energy use by 2015 . To implement China 's new clean energy capacity into the national power grid , and to improve the reliability of the country 's existing infrastructure , requires significant upgrades and ultimately , a smart grid . A smart grid differs from a conventional power grid in that it includes a system of information and communication technologies to bidirectionally transmit and distribute electricity more efficiently and reliably . Additionally , this technology allows consumers to manage their power usage and make choices for economically efficient products and services . China 's national utility , the State Grid Corporation of China -LRB- SGCC -RRB- , is responsible for the oversight of these upgrades . ", "The economy of Pakistan is the 25th largest in the world in terms of purchasing power parity -LRB- PPP -RRB- , and 42nd largest in terms of nominal gross domestic product . Pakistan has a population of over 190 million -LRB- the world 's 6th-largest -RRB- , giving it a nominal GDP per capita of $ 1,428 , which ranks 147th in the world for 2016 . However , Pakistan 's undocumented economy is estimated to be 36 % of its overall economy , which is not taken into consideration when calculating per capita income . Pakistan is a developing country and is one of the Next Eleven , the eleven countries and have a potential to be among the world 's large economies in the 21st century . However , after decades of war and social instability , as of 2013 , serious deficiencies in basic services such as railway transportation and electric power generation had developed . The economy is semi-industrialized , with centres of growth along the Indus River . Primary export commodities include textiles , leather goods , sports goods , chemicals and carpets/rugs . Growth poles of Pakistan 's economy are situated along the Indus River ; the diversified economies of Karachi and major urban centers in the Punjab , coexisting with lesser developed areas in other parts of the country . The economy has suffered in the past from internal political disputes , a fast-growing population , mixed levels of foreign investment . Foreign exchange reserves are bolstered by steady worker remittances , but a growing current account deficit -- driven by a widening trade gap as import growth outstrips export expansion -- could draw down reserves and dampen GDP growth in the medium term . Pakistan is currently undergoing a process of economic liberalization , including privatization of all government corporations , aimed to attract foreign investment and decrease budget deficit . In 2014 , foreign currency reserves crossed $ 18.4 billion which has led to stable outlook on the long-term rating by Standard & Poor 's . In 2016 , BMI Research report named Pakistan as one of the ten emerging economies with a particular focus on of its manufacturing hub . In October 2016 , the IMF chief Christine Lagarde confirmed her economic assessment in Islamabad that Pakistan 's economy was ` out of crisis ' The World Bank predicts that by 2018 , Pakistan 's economic growth will increase to a `` robust '' 5.4 % due to greater inflow of foreign investment , namely from the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor . According to the World Bank , poverty in Pakistan fell from 64.3 % in 2002 to 29.5 % in 2014 . Pakistan 's fiscal position continues to improve as the budget deficit has fallen from 6.4 % in 2013 to 4.3 % in 2016 . The country 's improving Macroeconomic position has led to Moody 's upgrading Pakistan 's debt outlook to `` stable '' . ", "Caribbean regional relations with China are mostly based on trade , credits , and investments , which have increased significantly since the 1990s . For many Caribbean nations , the increasing ties with China have been used as a way to decrease long time over-dependence on the United States . The Overseas Chinese population , in this case Chinese Caribbeans , help make the connections with trade and political links . Additionally , China 's policy in the region has been the use of `` dollar diplomacy '' or the attempts to switch several nations from recognizing Taiwan as an independent nation , towards the recognition of the `` One China '' policy , in exchange for Chinese investment . Outside of China 's stated position on where it stands about Taiwan , trade between China and the Caribbean region has been steadily increasing . China has also expanded several levels of cooperation with the Caribbean region . China and the Government of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago were said to have formed an agreement where asphalt from Trinidad and Tobago would be exported to China during its construction boom in preparation for the 2008 Beijing Olympics . In exchange , China has led several construction projects in Trinidad and Tobago and the Caribbean region via Chinese owned construction companies . Trinidad and Tobago has also mooted the idea of starting direct shipments of oil and liquid natural gas direct from Trinidad and Tobago to China , to fuel the later 's growing need for resources to fuel their economy . As the Caribbean political heads of government have had several messy run-ins with the Bush administration in the United States with respect to recent demands , China has been more sympathetic to the Caribbean position globally and has stepped up military training exercises in the Caribbean for example in direct response to several sanctions placed on governments in the Caribbean region for not following the wishes of the Bush administration . Several capital-works or infrastructural projects across the Caribbean region have also been financed by the Chinese government . ", "Internal migration in the People 's Republic of China is one of the most extensive in the world according to the International Labour Organization . In fact , research done by Kam Wing Chan of the University of Washington suggests that `` In the 30 years since 1979 , China 's urban population has grown by about 440 million to 622 million in 2009 . Of the 440 million increase , about 340 million was attributable to net migration and urban reclassification . Even if only half of that increase was migration , the volume of rural-urban migration in such a short period is likely the largest in human history . '' Migrants in China are commonly members of a floating population , which refers primarily to migrants in China without local household registration status through the Chinese Hukou system . In general , rural-urban migrant workers are most excluded from local educational resources , citywide social welfare programs and many jobs because of their lack of hukou status . Migrant workers are not necessarily rural workers ; they can simply be people living in urban areas with rural household registration . In 2015 a total of 277.5 million migrant workers -LRB- 36 % of the total workforce of 770 million -RRB- existed in China . Out of these , migrant workers who left their hometown and worked in other provinces accounted for 158.63 million -LRB- an increase of 3.4 % compared to 2010 -RRB- and migrant workers who worked within their home provinces reached 94.15 million -LRB- an increase of 5.9 % compared to 2010 -RRB- . The balance of gender for migrant workers was two-thirds male to one-third female in 2015 . Estimations are that Chinese cities will face an influx of another 243 million migrants by 2025 , taking the urban population up to nearly 1 billion people . This population of migrants would represent `` almost 40 percent of the total urban population , '' a number which is almost three times the current level . While it is often difficult to collect accurate statistical data on migrant floating populations , the number of migrants is undoubtedly quite large . `` In China 's largest cities , for instance , it is often quoted that at least one out of every five persons is a migrant . '' China 's government influences the pattern of urbanization through the Hukou permanent residence registration system , land-sale policies , infrastructure investment and the incentives offered to local government officials . The other factors influencing migration of people from rural provincial areas to large cities are employment , education , business opportunities and higher standard of living . " ]

[ 1, 0, 1, 0, 1 ]

[ "Punch-Drunk_Love", "Love_Revolution", "Crying_Out_in_Love", "Let's_Make_Love", "Revolution_-LRB-1985_film-RRB-" ]

[ "Punch-Drunk Love is a 2002 American romantic comedy-drama film written and directed by Paul Thomas Anderson and starring Adam Sandler , Emily Watson , Philip Seymour Hoffman , Luis Guzmán , and Mary Lynn Rajskub . After the release of his previous film Magnolia -LRB- which ran over three hours -RRB- , Anderson stated that he would like to work with Adam Sandler in the future and that he was determined to make his next film ninety minutes long . The film was produced by Revolution Studios and New Line Cinema , and distributed by Columbia Pictures ; it features the video art of Jeremy Blake in the form of visual interludes . The film received positive reviews from critics , with Sandler 's performance receiving critical praise , but just failed to recoup its production budget at the box office . ", "Love Revolution may refer to : ", "Crying Out In Love is a 2016 Chinese romance film directed and co-written by Kwak Jae-yong , starring Oho Ou , Zhang Huiwen and Yang Zi . The film is an adaptation of Kyoichi Katayama 's 2004 novel Socrates in Love . It was released by Beijing Enlight Pictures on 26 August 2016 . ", "Let 's Make Love is a 1960 musical comedy film made by 20th Century Fox in DeLuxe Color and CinemaScope . It was directed by George Cukor and produced by Jerry Wald from a screenplay by Norman Krasna , Hal Kanter , and Arthur Miller . It starred Marilyn Monroe , Yves Montand , and Tony Randall . It would be Monroe 's last musical film performance . ", "Revolution is a 1985 British historical drama film directed by Hugh Hudson , written by Robert Dillon , and starring Al Pacino , Donald Sutherland and Nastassja Kinski . The film stars Pacino as a New York fur trapper who involuntarily gets enrolled in the Revolutionary forces during the American Revolutionary War . Revolution received a great deal of negative reviews upon release , and was a box office bomb ; its release was delayed in Pacino 's native New York City . Due to the disappointment , Pacino took a four-year hiatus from films until 1989 's Sea of Love . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Saw_II", "Walt_Disney_Treasures-COLON-_Wave_Four", "The_Man_from_U.N.C.L.E._-LRB-film-RRB-", "Gifts_-LRB-song-RRB-", "Symptoms_-LRB-film-RRB-" ]

[ "Saw II is a 2005 American horror film , a sequel to 2004 's Saw and the second installment in the seven-part Saw franchise , directed and co-written by Darren Lynn Bousman . Co-written with series creator Leigh Whannell , it stars Donnie Wahlberg , Franky G , Glenn Plummer , Beverley Mitchell , Dina Meyer , Emmanuelle Vaugier , Erik Knudsen , Shawnee Smith , and Tobin Bell . The film features Jigsaw being apprehended by the police , but trapping the arresting officer in one of his own games while showing another game of eight people -- including the officer 's son -- in progress on TV monitors at another location . It also explores some of John Kramer 's backstory , providing a partial explanation of his reason for becoming Jigsaw . After the financial success of Saw , a sequel was immediately green-lit . Leigh Whannell and James Wan were busy preparing for their next film and were unable to write or direct . Bousman wrote a script called The Desperate before Saw was released and was looking for a producer but many studios rejected it . Hoffman received the script and showed it to his partners Mark Burg and Oren Koules . It was decided that , with some changes , it could be made into Saw II . Whannell became available to provide rewrites of the script . The film was given a larger budget and was shot from May to June 2005 in Toronto . Saw II was released on October 28 , 2005 and , despite mixed reviews from critics , was a financial success , with opening takings of $ 31.9 million and grossing $ 88 million in the United States and Canada . It has remained the highest grossing Saw film in those countries . Bell was nominated for `` Best Villain '' at the 2006 MTV Movie Awards for his role as Jigsaw in the film . Saw II was released to DVD on and topped charts its first week , selling more than 3 million units . At the time , it was the fastest-selling theatrical DVD in Lionsgate 's history . It was followed by Saw III which released October 2006 . ", "The fourth wave of Walt Disney Treasures was released December 7 , 2004 . This is the only wave that comes in White cases , and is the final wave that is in double DVD cases . Starting with this wave , the side strap was replaced with seal wrap with stickers and the back was no longer printed on the tin but included as a card glued to the back . ", "The Man from U.N.C.L.E. is a 2015 American action comedy film directed by Guy Ritchie and written by Ritchie and Lionel Wigram . It is based on the 1964 MGM television series of the same name , which was created by Ian Fleming , Norman Felton and Sam Rolfe . The film stars Henry Cavill , Armie Hammer , Alicia Vikander , Elizabeth Debicki , Jared Harris and Hugh Grant . The film was produced by RatPac-Dune Entertainment and Davis Entertainment . In 1993 , John Davis obtained the rights for a film adaptation based on the original series . However , the film fell into development hell due to multiple script rewrites . Over the years , Matthew Vaughn , David Dobkin and Steven Soderbergh were optioned for directing until Ritchie signed on in March 2013 . The film premiered at Barcelona on August 2 , 2015 and was released on August 14 by Warner Bros. . Pictures , receiving mixed reviews and was a box office disappointment , grossing only $ 109 million worldwide against a $ 75 million budget . Vikander , with a number of films that year , won awards from three different critics associations for Actor of the Year and Breakthrough Film Artist . The Man from U.N.C.L.E. was released on DVD and Blu-ray on November 17 , 2015 by Warner Home Video . ", "`` Gifts '' is the second single from Ray J 's album All I Feel . The video was released on June 12 , 2008 . ", "Symptoms -LRB- AKA The Blood Virgin -RRB- is a 1974 British horror film directed by José Ramón Larraz . It was an official British entry at the 1974 Cannes Film Festival . Although circulated privately through bootlegs , the original prints were for many years missing , and was last shown on British television in 1983 . In February 2016 it was announced that with the help of the British Film Institute , they had been obtained and the film would be released on DVD . " ]

[ 1, 0, 1, 0, 1 ]

[ "Watertown,_Massachusetts", "Watertown_Bridge", "Waterbury_Airport_-LRB-Connecticut-RRB-", "Massachusetts", "Bemis_-LRB-Watertown,_Massachusetts-RRB-" ]

[ "The Town of Watertown is a city in Middlesex County , Massachusetts , United States . It is part of the Greater Boston area . The population was 31,915 at the 2010 census . Watertown is one of fourteen Massachusetts municipalities that have applied for , and been granted , city forms of government but wish to retain `` The town of '' in their official names . Watertown is made up of six neighborhoods : Bemis , Brigham -LRB- Brigham Historic District -RRB- , Coolidge Square , East Watertown , Watertown Square and the West End . ", "The Watertown Bridge is a five-lane traffic bridge over the Charles River , carrying Rt. 16 and Galen Street . It connects Watertown Square on the north side and Watertown Yard on the south side of Watertown , Massachusetts . Pedestrian walkways line each side . ", "Not to be confused with Waterbury -- Oxford Airport . Waterbury Airport , is located in Plymouth , Connecticut , United States . ", "Massachusetts -LSB- mæsəˈtʃuːsᵻts -RSB- or -LSB- ˌmæsəˈtʃuːzᵻts -RSB- ; officially the Commonwealth of Massachusetts , is the most populous state in the New England region of the northeastern United States . It is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the east , the states of Connecticut and Rhode Island to the south , New Hampshire and Vermont to the north , and New York to the west . The state is named for the Massachusett tribe , which once inhabited the area . The capital of Massachusetts and the most populous city in New England is Boston . Over 80 % of Massachusetts ' population lives in the Greater Boston metropolitan area , a region influential upon American history , academia , and industry . Originally dependent on agriculture , fishing and trade , Massachusetts was transformed into a manufacturing center during the Industrial Revolution . During the 20th century , Massachusetts ' economy shifted from manufacturing to services . Modern Massachusetts is a global leader in biotechnology , engineering , higher education , finance , and maritime trade . Plymouth was the site of the first colony in New England , founded in 1620 by the Pilgrims , passengers of the Mayflower . In 1692 , the town of Salem and surrounding areas experienced one of America 's most infamous cases of mass hysteria , the Salem witch trials . In 1777 , General Henry Knox founded the Springfield Armory , which during the Industrial Revolution catalyzed numerous important technological advances , including interchangeable parts . In 1786 , Shays ' Rebellion , a populist revolt led by disaffected American Revolutionary War veterans , influenced the United States Constitutional Convention . In the 18th century , the Protestant First Great Awakening , which swept the Atlantic World , originated from the pulpit of Northampton preacher Jonathan Edwards . In the late 18th century , Boston became known as the `` Cradle of Liberty '' for the agitation there that led to the American Revolution . The entire Commonwealth of Massachusetts has played a powerful commercial and cultural role in the history of the United States . Before the American Civil War , Massachusetts was a center for the abolitionist , temperance , and transcendentalist movements . In the late 19th century , the sports of basketball and volleyball were invented in the western Massachusetts cities of Springfield and Holyoke , respectively . In 2004 , Massachusetts became the first U.S. state to legally recognize same-sex marriage as a result of the decision in Goodridge v. Department of Public Health by the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court . Many prominent American political dynasties have hailed from the state , including the Adams and Kennedy families . Harvard University in Cambridge is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States , with the largest financial endowment of any university , and Harvard Law School has educated a contemporaneous majority of Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States . Kendall Square in Cambridge has been called `` the most innovative square mile on the planet '' , in reference to the high concentration of entrepreneurial start-ups and quality of innovation which have emerged in the vicinity of the square since 2010 . Both Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology , also in Cambridge , have been ranked among the most highly regarded academic institutions in the world . Massachusetts ' public school students place among the top nations in the world in academic performance . ", "Bemis is a neighborhood located in the southwest corner of Watertown , Massachusetts , United States . It is bounded by Main Street to the north , the Charles River to the south , and the City of Waltham to the west . The neighborhood derives its name from Seth Bemis -LRB- 1775 -- 1851 -RRB- , who ran mills on both sides of the river near Bridge Street , including the Bemis Mill , which is located just across the Charles River at 1 -- 3 Bridge Street , in Newton , and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places . Seth was the father of George Bemis -LRB- October 13 , 1816 -- January 5 , 1878 -RRB- , a successful lawyer and legal scholar . Bemis Park is located in this neighborhood . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 1, 1 ]

[ "A_Good_Day_to_Die_Hard", "Live_Free_or_Die_Hard", "Die_Hard", "It's_Hard_to_Be_Good", "A_Day_in_the_Death_of_Joe_Egg_-LRB-film-RRB-" ]

[ "A Good Day to Die Hard is a 2013 American action thriller film and the fifth installment in the Die Hard film series . The film was directed by John Moore and written by Skip Woods , and stars Bruce Willis as John McClane . The main plot finds McClane travelling to Russia to get his estranged son , Jack , an undercover CIA agent , out of prison . He is soon caught in the crossfire of a global terrorist plot . Alongside Willis , the film also stars Jai Courtney , Cole Hauser , Yuliya Snigir and Sebastian Koch as the film 's villain . Talks of a fifth Die Hard film began before the release of the fourth installment , Live Free or Die Hard , with Willis affirming that the latter would not be the last in the series , but pre-production did not start until September 2011 , when John Moore was officially announced as the director . Filming began in April 2012 , primarily in Budapest , Hungary . A Good Day to Die Hard premiered in Los Angeles on January 31 , 2013 , coinciding with the unveiling of a Die Hard mural at the Fox Lot , and was released in certain East and Southeast Asian countries on February 7 and in the United States and Canada on February 13 . It is the first Die Hard film to use Dolby Atmos Surround Mixing and the first to also be released in IMAX theaters . Unlike the previous films , A Good Day to Die Hard was a critical failure , receiving overwhelmingly negative reviews which cited implausible action sequences , a cliched script , a weak plot , Moore 's direction , and a lack of characterization , although the special effects were praised . It is the first film produced by TSG Entertainment , since distributor 20th Century Fox 's departure from Dune Entertainment upon the completion of their distribution contract at the end of 2012 . A sequel entitled Die Hard : Year One was confirmed to be in works while also intended to be an origin story of John McClane . ", "Live Free or Die Hard -LRB- released as Die Hard 4.0 outside North America -RRB- is a 2007 American action film , and the fourth installment in the Die Hard film series . The film was directed by Len Wiseman and stars Bruce Willis as John McClane . The film 's name was adapted from New Hampshire 's state motto , `` Live Free or Die '' . McClane is attempting to stop cyber terrorists who hack into government and commercial computers across the United States with the goal to start a `` fire sale '' of financial assets . The film was based on the 1997 article `` A Farewell to Arms '' written for Wired magazine by John Carlin . The film was released in the United States on June 27 , 2007 . The project was initially stalled due to the 9/11 terrorist attacks , and when production eventually began , the film 's title was changed several times . A variety of visual effects were used for action sequences , even though Wiseman and Willis stated that they wanted to limit the amount of CGI in the film . In separate incidents during filming , both Willis and his stunt double were injured . Unlike the prior three films in the series , the U.S. rating was PG-13 rather than R . An unrated version contained more strong profanity and violence not shown in the theatrical version , and was included in the DVD release . Reviews were positive with an 82 % approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes and a 69/100 score from Metacritic . The film earned total international box office gross receipts of $ 383.4 million , making it the highest-grossing film in the Die Hard series . It debuted at # 2 at the U.S. box office . For the DVD release , 20th Century Fox pioneered a new kind of DRM , Digital Copy protection that tries to weaken the incentives for consumers to learn how to rip discs by offering them a downloadable version with studio-imposed restrictions . The score for the film was released on July 2 , 2007 . The fifth film in the series , titled A Good Day to Die Hard , was released on February 14 , 2013 . ", "Die Hard is a 1988 American action film directed by John McTiernan and written by Steven E. de Souza and Jeb Stuart . It follows off-duty New York City Police Department officer John McClane -LRB- Bruce Willis -RRB- as he takes on a group of highly organized criminals led by Hans Gruber -LRB- Alan Rickman -RRB- , who perform a heist in a Los Angeles skyscraper under the guise of a terrorist attack using hostages , including McClane 's wife Holly -LRB- Bonnie Bedelia -RRB- , to keep the police at bay . It is based on Roderick Thorp 's 1979 novel Nothing Lasts Forever , the sequel to 1966 's The Detective , which was adapted into a 1968 film of the same name that starred Frank Sinatra . Fox was therefore contractually obligated to offer Sinatra the lead role in Die Hard , but he turned it down . The studio then pitched the film to Arnold Schwarzenegger as a sequel to his 1985 action film Commando ; he turned it down , as well , and the studio finally and reluctantly gave it to Willis , then known primarily as a comedic television actor . Made for $ 28 million , Die Hard grossed over $ 140 million theatrically worldwide , and was given a positive reception from critics . The film turned Willis into an action star , became a metonym for an action film in which a lone hero fights overwhelming odds , and has been named one of the best action movies ever made . The film also ranks # 29 on Empires 2008 list of the 500 greatest movies of all time . The film 's success spawned the Die Hard franchise , which includes four sequels -LRB- Die Hard 2 , Die Hard with a Vengeance , Live Free or Die Hard and A Good Day to Die Hard -RRB- , video games , and a comic book . ", "It 's Hard to Be Good is a 1948 British comedy film directed by Jeffrey Dell and starring Jimmy Hanley , Anne Crawford and Raymond Huntley . In the film , an ex-army officer and do-gooder finds his attempts to improve the world leads invariably to disasters . ", "A Day in the Death of Joe Egg is a 1972 film based on the play of the same name by Peter Nichols , directed by Peter Medak . It stars Alan Bates and Janet Suzman . It was nominated for a BAFTA Award in 1973 . " ]

[ 2, 1, 1, 0, 0 ]

[ "Bonobo", "Morotopithecus", "Giraffokeryx", "Spalacotheriidae", "Flying_primate_hypothesis" ]

[ "The bonobo -LRB- -LSB- bə.ˈnoʊ.boʊ -RSB- or -LSB- ˈbɒ.nə.boʊ -RSB- Pan paniscus -RRB- , formerly called the pygmy chimpanzee and less often , the dwarf or gracile chimpanzee , is an endangered great ape and one of the two species making up the genus Pan ; the other is Pan troglodytes , or the common chimpanzee . Although the name `` chimpanzee '' is sometimes used to refer to both species together , it is usually understood as referring to the common chimpanzee , whereas Pan paniscus is usually referred to as the bonobo . The bonobo is distinguished by relatively long legs , pink lips , dark face and tail-tuft through adulthood , and parted long hair on its head . The bonobo is found in a 500000 km2 area of the Congo Basin in the Democratic Republic of the Congo , Central Africa . The species is omnivorous and inhabits primary and secondary forests , including seasonally inundated swamp forests . Political instability in the region and the timidity of bonobos has meant there has been relatively little field work done observing the species in its natural habitat . Along with the common chimpanzee , the bonobo is the closest extant relative to humans . Because the two species are not proficient swimmers , the formation of the Congo River 1.5 -- 2 million years ago possibly led to the speciation of the bonobo . Bonobos live south of the river , and thereby were separated from the ancestors of the common chimpanzee , which live north of the river . There is no concrete data on population numbers , but the estimate is between 29,500 and 50,000 individuals . The species is listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List and is threatened by habitat destruction and human population growth and movement , though commercial poaching is the most prominent threat . They typically live 40 years in captivity ; their lifespan in the wild is unknown . As of June 2016 a total of 119 live in zoos across Europe ; 65 distributed between six different German zoos , and a further 54 in zoos in Belgium , France , the Netherlands and England . ", "Morotopithecus bishopi is a species of fossil ape discovered in Moroto , Uganda . The phylogenetic status of Morotopithecus bishopi is debated to the extent that it challenges established views on the connection between Miocene primates and extant hominids -LRB- i.e. great apes -RRB- . Parsimonious phylogenetic analyses indicate Morotopithecus is more derived than Proconsul , Afropithecus , and Kenyapithecus , but less derived than Oreopithecus , Sivapithecus , and Dryopithecus . Morotopithecus thus seems to be a sister taxon to extant great apes while Hylobates -LRB- gibbons -RRB- seem to have branched off before this clade appeared . However , gibbons are believed to have branched off while Morotopithecus is dated to more than . In a comparison of teeth characteristics of Morotopithecus to Afropithecus the results showed little difference , plus evidence gathered from cranial comparisons also indicate that the two genera may be the same , a conclusion of limited confidence due to the lack of evidence to produce a complete anatomy for both -LRB- Patel , Grossman 2005 -RRB- . ", "Giraffokeryx is an extinct genus of medium-sized giraffid known from the Miocene of the Indian subcontinent and Eurasia . It is distinguished from other giraffids by the four ossicones on its head ; one pair in front of the eyes on the anterior aspect of the frontal bone and the other behind the eyes in the fronto-parietal region overhanging the temporal fossae . It has a brachydont dentition like in other giraffids and legs and feet are of medium length . Giraffokeryx is considered monotypic by most authors , in the form of G. punjabiensis , but other species have been assigned to the genus : G. chinjensis was assigned to the genus but later included within the extinct species Giraffa priscilla . The distribution of this latter species and G. punjabiensis indicates that the Himalayas still did n't act as a barrier for faunal dispersal during the middle Miocene . G. anatoliensis , a partial skull with a post-orbital horn and isolated teeth from Turkey , had shorter and less inclined horns than G. punjabiensis . Giraffokeryx resembled either an okapi or a small giraffe . It is a possible ancestor of both . ", "Spalacotheriidae is a family of extinct mammals belonging to the group Symmetrodonta . They were a rather successful lineage , lasting from the Early Cretaceous to Campanian in North America , Europe , Asia and North Africa . The lack of a Meckelian groove indicate that they had a modern ear anatomy , and their deciduous canines and premolars as well as long lower jaw indicate a carnivorous/insectivorous diet . ", "In evolutionary biology , the flying primate hypothesis posits that megabats , a subgroup of Chiroptera -LRB- also known as flying foxes -RRB- , form an evolutionary sister group of primates . The hypothesis began with Carl Linnaeus in 1758 , and was again advanced by J.D. Smith in 1980 . It was proposed in its modern form by Australian neuroscientist Jack Pettigrew in 1986 after he discovered that the connections between the retina and the superior colliculus -LRB- a region of the midbrain -RRB- in the megabat Pteropus were organized in the same way found in primates , and different from all other mammals . This was followed up by a longer study published in 1989 , in which this was supported by the analysis of many other brain and body characteristics . Pettigrew suggested that flying foxes , colugos , and primates were all descendants of the same group of early arboreal mammals . The megabat flight and the colugo gliding could be both seen as locomotory adaptations to a life high above the ground . The flying primate hypothesis met resistance from many zoologists . Its biggest challenges were not centered on the argument that megabats and primates are evolutionarily related , which reflects earlier ideas -LRB- such as the grouping of primates , tree shrews , colugos , and bats under the same taxonomic group , the Superorder Archonta -RRB- . Rather , many biologists resisted the implication that megabats and microbats -LRB- or echolocating bats -RRB- formed distinct branches of mammalian evolution , with flight having evolved twice . This implication was borne out of the fact that microbats do not resemble primates in any of the neural characteristics studied by Pettigrew , instead resembling primitive mammals such as Insectivora in these respects . The advanced brain characters demonstrated in Pteropus could not , therefore , be generalized to imply that all bats are similar to primates . More recently , the flying primate hypothesis was rejected when scientists compared the DNA of bats to that of primates . These genetic studies support the monophyly of bats . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Lorelai_Gilmore", "Sean_Gunn", "Wendy_Benson", "Danny_Cooksey", "John_Goodman" ]

[ "Lorelai Victoria Gilmore is a fictional character in the WB/CW television series Gilmore Girls , portrayed by actress Lauren Graham . She is a key character throughout the series ' seven-year run from October 2000 until May 2007 , and the 2016 revival Gilmore Girls : A Year in the Life . Lorelai is a single mother of a teenage daughter , Rory -LRB- Alexis Bledel -RRB- . The dynamic of single parenthood and the tension between Lorelai and her wealthy parents , Richard -LRB- Edward Herrmann -RRB- and especially her controlling mother , Emily -LRB- Kelly Bishop -RRB- , form the main theme of the series story line . Subplots involve various financial difficulties , love interests and other domestic entanglements for both Lorelai and her daughter Rory . Besides an on-again , off-again relationship with Christopher Hayden , Lorelai 's had a few romantic relationships that included Max Medina -LRB- Scott Cohen -RRB- , a teacher at Chilton to whom she was briefly engaged . Alex Lesman -LRB- Billy Burke -RRB- , an outdoorsy coffee house entrepreneur ; Jason Stiles -LRB- Chris Eigeman -RRB- , a childhood acquaintance , and Luke Danes -LRB- Scott Patterson -RRB- , the owner of Luke 's Diner in Stars Hollow , with whom she always had a strong connection . Over the years , as she frequented Luke 's Diner , they became close friends and eventually fell in love . Luke and Lorelai marry in the `` Fall '' episode of the revival series `` A year in the life '' . Lorelai is often included on lists of top `` TV moms '' . Graham received widespread critical acclaim for her performance and has been nominated for several awards , winning two Teen Choice Awards . She was also nominated for two Screen Actors Guild Awards in 2000 and 2001 and for a Golden Globe Award in 2002 . ", "Sean Gunn is an American actor , best known for his role as Kirk Gleason on the television show Gilmore Girls -LRB- 2000 -- 2007 -RRB- and Kraglin in Guardians of the Galaxy . He is the younger brother of filmmaker James Gunn . ", "Wendy Benson-Landes -LRB- born July 8 , 1971 -RRB- is an American actress seen in many television shows . She played the role of Julie Harris in 2001 biographical television movie James Dean . She guest starred in many television series , including Murder , She Wrote , The X-Files , Charmed , JAG -LRB- TV series -RRB- , Ugly Betty , According to Jim , Ghost Whisperer , CSI : Miami , Desperate Housewives and Mad Men . Benson was born in New York City , the daughter of Scottish photographer Harry Benson . She married actor Michael Landes in October 2000 . They have 2 children together . ", "Daniel Ray Allen `` Danny '' Cooksey , Jr. -LRB- born November 2 , 1975 -RRB- is an American actor and singer . He is best known for his television roles , such as Diff ` rent Strokes during the final three seasons , The Cavanaughs , Salute Your Shorts and the voice of Montana Max in Tiny Toon Adventures . ", "John Stephen Goodman -LRB- born June 20 , 1952 -RRB- is an American actor . Early in his career , he was best known for playing Dan Conner on the ABC TV series Roseanne -LRB- 1988 -- 1997 -RRB- , for which he won a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor in 1993 . He is also a regular collaborator with the Coen brothers on such films as Raising Arizona -LRB- 1987 -RRB- , Barton Fink -LRB- 1991 -RRB- , The Big Lebowski -LRB- 1998 -RRB- , O Brother , Where Art Thou ? -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , and Inside Llewyn Davis -LRB- 2013 -RRB- . Goodman 's voice roles in animated films include Pacha in Disney 's The Emperor 's New Groove -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , and Sulley in Pixar 's Monsters , Inc. -LRB- 2001 -RRB- , and Monsters University -LRB- 2013 -RRB- . His other film performances include lead roles in The Babe -LRB- 1992 -RRB- , The Flintstones -LRB- 1994 -RRB- and 10 Cloverfield Lane -LRB- 2016 -RRB- and supporting roles in Coyote Ugly -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , The Artist -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , Argo -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , Flight -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , The Hangover Part III -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , and Patriots Day -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . On television , he has had regular roles on Amazon Studios ' Alpha House and on the first season of HBO 's Treme and has been one of the most frequent hosts of Saturday Night Live , as well as guest roles on series such as Community . John Heilpern of Vanity Fair has called him `` among our very finest actors '' . " ]

[ 1, 0, 2, 0, 1 ]

[ "Milk_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Spiritual_Milk_for_Boston_Babes", "Jean_Harris_-LRB-activist-RRB-", "Gaylon_Alcaraz", "Dallas_Principles" ]

[ "Milk is a 2008 American biographical film based on the life of gay rights activist and politician Harvey Milk , who was the first openly gay person to be elected to public office in California , as a member of the San Francisco Board of Supervisors . Directed by Gus Van Sant and written by Dustin Lance Black , the film stars Sean Penn as Milk and Josh Brolin as Dan White , a city supervisor who assassinated Milk and Mayor George Moscone . The film was released to much acclaim and earned numerous accolades from film critics and guilds . Ultimately , it received eight Academy Award nominations , including Best Picture , winning two for Best Actor in a Leading Role for Penn and Best Original Screenplay for Black . Attempts to put Milk 's life to film followed a 1984 documentary of his life and the aftermath of his assassination , titled The Times of Harvey Milk , which was loosely based upon Randy Shilts 's biography , The Mayor of Castro Street -LRB- the film won the Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature for 1984 , and was awarded Special Jury Prize at the first Sundance Film Festival , among other awards -RRB- . Various scripts were considered in the early 1990s , but projects fell through for different reasons , until 2007 . Much of Milk was filmed on Castro Street and other locations in San Francisco , including Milk 's former storefront , Castro Camera . Milk begins on Harvey Milk 's 40th birthday -LRB- in 1970 -RRB- , when he was living in New York City and had not yet settled in San Francisco . It chronicles his foray into city politics , and the various battles he waged in the Castro neighborhood as well as throughout the city , and political campaigns to limit the rights of gay people in 1977 and 1978 run by Anita Bryant and John Briggs . His romantic and political relationships are also addressed , as is his tenuous affiliation with troubled Supervisor Dan White ; the film ends with White 's double homicide of Milk and Mayor George Moscone . The film 's release was tied to the 2008 California voter referendum on gay marriage , Proposition 8 , when it made its premiere at the Castro Theatre two weeks before election day . ", "Spiritual Milk for Boston Babes is a children 's catechism by the minister John Cotton . The 1656 catechism is the first known children 's book published in America . ", "Jean Harris -LRB- October 24 , 1944 -- June 25 , 2011 -RRB- , born Kathie Jean Harris , was an American Democratic and LGBT rights activist . Harris was raised in Long Beach California and gained a degree from California State University , Long Beach and then undertook post-graduate work at San Francisco State University . After a divorce Harris moved to Santa Cruz , California before returning to San Francisco in the mid 1980s . A longtime force in San Francisco politics , Harris served as chief of staff to former San Francisco Supervisor Harry Britt , who was appointed to the board in 1978 following the assassination of Supervisor Harvey Milk . Harris was heavily involved in both LGBT and democratic politics and lived the view that exercising the right to vote in democracy constituted the fundamental power to create political progressive change in the United States . As such , Harris 's campaigns emphasized grass roots organizing and `` get out the vote '' strategies . Along with campaign co-chair Melinda Paras , Jean led the first successful campaign for lesbian and gay domestic partnership rights in the United States . The ballot measure , which was known as Proposition K , passed in 1990 . A recall campaign was also opposed by Harris and soundly rejected the next year . WIth legal help from prominent LGBT attorney Matt Coles , Harris and Paras purposefully structured domestic partnership to mirror the legal responsibilities for marriage in order to demonstrate that there was no difference between the institution of marriage and domestic partnership other than a separate but equal limitation . Jean also served as the chair of the California Democratic Party 's Lesbian and Gay Caucus and as the president of the Harvey Milk Lesbian , Gay , Bisexual , Transgender Democratic Club . She then went on to the post of deputy mayor under Frank Jordan when he took office in 1992 and subsequently served as the Deputy Director of the San Francisco Health Department . Harris was heavily involved in LGBT causes , including strategizing the campaigns of numerous LGBT California candidates -LRB- including Carole Migden -RRB- and serving as the founding director of Basic Rights Oregon . In that position she helped organize the defeat of a 2000 ballot initiative that would have barred schools from '' ` encouraging , promoting or sanctioning ' homosexual or bisexual behaviors '' . Following her time in Oregon , Harris returned to California to assume the executive directorship of the California Alliance for Pride and Equality , today known as Equality California . During her tenure she worked to secure passage of a 2001 law to secure for same-sex domestic partners many of the rights formerly reserved to married couples . Harris campaigned for Howard Dean during his unsuccessful 2004 bid for the Democratic presidential nomination . Harris died at her home in Palm Springs , California on June 25 , 2011 . ", "Gaylon Alcaraz -LRB- born October 26 , 1970 -RRB- is a community organizer and human rights activist in Chicago , Illinois . She is the former executive director of the Chicago Abortion Fund . Her autobiography Tales of a Woojiehead was published by Blackgurl Press in 2002 . ", "The Dallas Principles is a set of eight guiding principles to achieve full LGBT equality . The principles are : Full civil rights for lesbian , gay , bisexual and transgender individuals must be enacted now . Delay and excuses are no longer acceptable . We will not leave any part of our community behind . Separate is never equal . Religious beliefs are not a basis upon which to affirm or deny civil rights . The establishment and guardianship of full civil rights is a non-partisan issue . Individual involvement and grassroots action are paramount to success and must be encouraged . Success is measured by the civil rights we all achieve , not by words , access or money raised . Those who seek our support are expected to commit to these principles . The principles were drafted May 15 -- 17 , 2009 , in Dallas , Texas , by 24 LGBT rights advocates who were frustrated with the Obama administration 's pace of fulfilling its campaign promises to the LGBT community . The authors of the Dallas Principles are Juan Ahonen-Jover , Ken Ahonen-Jover , John Bare , Jarrett Barrios , Dana Beyer , Jeffrey H. Campagna , Mandy Carter , Michael Coe , Jimmy Creech , Allison Duncan , Michael Guest , Joanne Herman , Donald Hitchcock , Lane Hudson , Charles Merrill , Dixon Osburn , Lisa Polyak , Barbra Casbar Siperstein , Pam Spaulding , Andy Szekeres , Lisa Turner , Jon Winkleman , and Paul Yandura . " ]

[ 2, 0, 2, 0, 0 ]

[ "Woodrow_Wilson", "Joash_Woodrow", "John_G._Wilson", "Inauguration_of_Woodrow_Wilson", "John_F._Knott" ]

[ "Thomas Woodrow Wilson -LRB- December 28 , 1856 -- February 3 , 1924 -RRB- was an American politician and academic who served as the 28th President of the United States from 1913 to 1921 . A member of the Democratic Party , Wilson served as the President of Princeton University from 1902 to 1910 and as Governor of New Jersey from 1911 to 1913 . Wilson 's victory in the 1912 presidential election made him the first Southerner elected to the presidency since Zachary Taylor in 1848 , and Wilson became a leading force in the Progressive Movement . He also led the United States during World War I , establishing an activist foreign policy known as `` Wilsonianism . '' He was a major leader at the Paris Peace Conference in 1919 , where he championed the proposed League of Nations . However , he was unable to obtain Senate approval for U.S. membership . He suffered debilitating strokes in September 1919 ; after that his wife and staff handled most of his presidential duties . Born in Staunton , Virginia , he spent his early years in Augusta , Georgia and Columbia , South Carolina . His father was a leading Presbyterian in the Confederacy during the Civil War , and Wilson was always a devout Presbyterian and a proud Southerner . He took a law degree and then one of the first PhDs in political science awarded by Johns Hopkins University . He served as a professor and scholar at various institutions before being selected as President of Princeton University , a position he held from 1902 to 1910 . Wilson became a notable academic , arguing for the superiority of the parliamentary system . He was associated with Grover Cleveland and the conservative Bourbon Democrats until 1910 , when he moved left . With the help of state Democratic bosses , Wilson won the 1910 Democratic nomination for governor of New Jersey , and was elected as a fresh reformer , holding office from 1911 to 1913 . He overthrew the same bosses and gained a national reputation . He won the 1912 Democratic presidential nomination after forty-six rounds of balloting , with support from William Jennings Bryan . Former President Theodore Roosevelt 's third party candidacy split the Republican Party , which re-nominated incumbent President William Howard Taft . Wilson won the 1912 election with a plurality of the popular vote and a large majority in the electoral college . Leading the Congress that was now in Democratic hands , he oversaw the passage of progressive legislative policies unparalleled until the New Deal in 1933 . The Federal Reserve Act , Federal Trade Commission Act , the Clayton Antitrust Act , and the Federal Farm Loan Act were some of these new policies . Having taken office one month after ratification of the Sixteenth Amendment , Wilson called a special session of Congress , whose work culminated in the Revenue Act of 1913 , introducing an income tax and lowering tariffs . Through passage of the Adamson Act that imposed an 8-hour workday for railroads , he averted a railroad strike and an ensuing economic crisis . Upon the outbreak of World War I in 1914 , Wilson maintained a policy of neutrality , while pursuing a more aggressive policy in dealing with Mexico 's civil war . Wilson staffed his government with Southern Democrats who implemented racial segregation at the Treasury , Navy and other Federal offices . In the presidential election of 1916 , Wilson faced former New York Governor Charles Evans Hughes . By a narrow margin , he became the first Democrat since Andrew Jackson elected to two consecutive terms . In April 1917 , when Germany had resumed unrestricted submarine warfare and sent the Zimmermann Telegram , Wilson asked Congress to declare war in order to make `` the world safe for democracy . '' The United States conducted military operations alongside the Allies , although without a formal alliance . During the war , Wilson focused on diplomacy and financial considerations , leaving military strategy to the generals , especially General John J. Pershing . Through the Selective Service Act , conscription sent 10,000 freshly trained soldiers to France per day by the summer of 1918 . On the home front , he raised income taxes , borrowing billions of dollars through the public 's purchase of Liberty Bonds . He set up the War Industries Board , promoted labor union cooperation , regulated agriculture and food production through the Lever Act , and took direct control of the nation 's railroad system . Wilson asked Congress for what became the Espionage Act of 1917 and the Sedition Act of 1918 , suppressing anti-draft activists . The crackdown was intensified by his Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer to include expulsion of non-citizen radicals during the First Red Scare of 1919 -- 1920 . Early in 1918 , Wilson issued his principles for an end to the war , the Fourteen Points , and in 1919 , following an armistice , he traveled to Paris , promoting the formation of a League of Nations and concluding the Treaty of Versailles . Following his return from Europe , Wilson embarked on a nationwide tour in 1919 to campaign for the treaty , but suffered a severe stroke . The treaty was met with serious concern by Senate Republicans , and the Senate ultimately rejected the treaty . Due to his stroke , Wilson secluded himself in the White House , disability having diminished his power and influence , and he failed in his bid to win re-nomination at the 1920 Democratic National Convention . Wilson retired at the end of his presidency , and he died in 1924 . ", "Joash Woodrow -LRB- April 6 , 1927 -- February 15 , 2006 -RRB- was a reclusive English artist . Woodrow was born in Leeds , West Yorkshire , of Polish-Jewish parents , and was one of eight siblings . He studied at Leeds College of Art , and from 1950 to 1953 at the Royal College of Art , where his contemporaries included Peter Blake and Frank Auerbach . Shortly after graduating , Woodrow became ill and returned to his parents ' home in Chapel Allerton , where he would remain for much of his life . From this time onwards , and virtually unknown to the wider art establishment , he painted prolifically ; over seven hundred paintings , including numerous large works and 3,500 drawings and sketches . In 2000 he became too ill to cope with living on his own and was moved to sheltered accommodation . As part of a clearance of the artists house , his extensive collection of art books were bought by a local bookshop . Nine of the books contained drawings by Joash and these were discovered by the Leeds artist Christopher Wood who in turn showed the book he had bought to art dealer Andrew Stewart . On a follow up visit to the bookshop Stewart bought the remaining books with drawings and visited the artists house the following day , where he discovered a vast collection of previously unseen paintings and drawings spanning a period of more than fifty years . Woodrow occasionally worked on unusual materials -- some oil paintings were produced on improvised canvasses of hessian from coal sacks , or cardboard boxes . The first exhibition of his work was held at 108 Fine Art in Harrogate in 2001 , followed by public art gallery retrospectives in Leeds , Manchester and the Royal College of Art in October 2005 . Other solo exhibitions have been held at The Fine Art Society London , Leeds Metropolitan University Art Gallery , Hull University Art Gallery , Liverpool University Art Gallery and at The Pannet Art Gallery , Whitby . His story has attracted considerable press interest , and was covered in The Sunday Times , The Times and Spectator magazine as well as the Yorkshire Post and Whitby Gazette . In October 2009 thirty of his paintings were shown at The Fine Art Society , London . His work can be found in several major private and public art collections including Leeds City Art Gallery ; The Stanley and Audrey Burton Art Gallery at The University of Leeds ; Manchester Art Gallery ; Ben Uri Gallery , London ; and The University of Hull 's art gallery . A play based on the artist 's life story was produced by Liz Postlethwaite and successfully toured the North of England in 2013 . Woodrow died in a Manchester hospital in February 2006 . Joash Woodrow is represented by 108 Fine Art , Harrogate ", "John Guy Wilson -LRB- 1842 -- 1892 -RRB- was a Manchester , UK patent agent and the founder of Wilson Gunn , one of the oldest firms of Patent and Trade Mark Attorneys in the UK . John G. Wilson built up the business until his death in the 1890s . As a side line he acted as agent to the Alliance Insurance Company . There is no record that Mr. Wilson ever became a member of the Chartered Institute of Patent Agents . An extract from a Manchester trade journal of the time is shown below : Mr. John G. Wilson , Practical Mechanical Engineer , Draughtsman , and Patent Agent , 55 Market Street -- To the inventor and man of genius labouring to bring out some important creation of his own ingenuity , there is no more important institution than the Patent Office and Registry of Designs , where he can protect and make secure the results of his labours . At the offices of Mr. John G. Wilson is established the British and Foreign Patent Office , Trade Marks and Designs Registry . Mr. Wilson , having had twenty-five years ' experience in this business , is able to decide or advise upon the practical utility or otherwise of any invention , thus saving intending patentees an immense amount of time and money . As a practical mechanical engineer , Mr. John G. Wilson enjoys a high reputation in this city , and has a large practice . The business of his firm in connection with British and foreign patents extends to all parts of the world . He has had a long and honourable connection with this city , and possesses the esteem and confidence of a very extensive and valuable connection . ", "Inauguration of Woodrow Wilson may refer to : First inauguration of Woodrow Wilson , 1913 Second inauguration of Woodrow Wilson , 1917 ", "John Francis Knott -LRB- December 7 , 1878 -- February 16 , 1963 -RRB- was an American cartoonist . He was born in Plzeň , Austria-Hungary and emigrated to Sioux City , Iowa with his widowed mother at the age of five . Knott started working at The Dallas Morning News in 1905 . He drew daily cartoons in the paper during Woodrow Wilson 's first presidential campaign and World War I. Knott 's most famous cartoon character `` Old Man Texas '' was a champion for government honesty , low taxes and property ownership . It is believed his cartoons supporting American entry into World War I helped increase the sales of Liberty Bonds and donations towards the war effort . Knott 's cartoons were reprinted in several publications including The Literary Digest , Review of Reviews , The Wall Street Journal , Los Angeles Times , New York Evening Post , the New York Herald Tribune , the St. Louis Post-Dispatch , and the Philadelphia Public Ledger . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 0, 1 ]

[ "Volkswagen_Group", "Mercedes-Benz", "Daimler_AG", "Auto_5000", "BMW_7_Series_-LRB-G11-RRB-" ]

[ "Volkswagen AG -LRB- -LSB- ˈfɔlksˌvaːgən -RSB- -RRB- , known internationally as Volkswagen Group , is a German multinational automotive manufacturing company headquartered in Wolfsburg , Lower Saxony , Germany . It designs , manufactures and distributes passenger and commercial vehicles , motorcycles , engines , and turbomachinery and offers related services including financing , leasing and fleet management . In 2016 , it was the world 's largest automaker , overtaking Toyota , but in 2017 , it is the world 's second largest automaker -LRB- behind Toyota -RRB- . It has maintained the largest market share in Europe for over two decades . It ranked seventh in the 2016 Fortune Global 500 list of the world 's largest companies . Volkswagen Group sells passenger cars under the Audi , Bentley , Bugatti , Lamborghini , Porsche , SEAT , Škoda and Volkswagen marques ; motorcycles under the Ducati brand ; and commercial vehicles under the marques MAN , Scania , and Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles . It is divided into two primary divisions , the Automotive Division and the Financial Services Division , and has approximately 340 subsidiary companies . VW also has two major joint-ventures in China -LRB- FAW-Volkswagen and SAIC Volkswagen -RRB- . The company has operations in approximately 150 countries and operates 100 production facilities across 27 countries . Volkswagen was founded in 1937 to manufacture the car which would become known as the Beetle . The company 's production grew rapidly in the 1950s and 1960s , and in 1965 it acquired Auto Union , which subsequently produced the first post-war Audi models . Volkswagen launched a new generation of front-wheel drive vehicles in the 1970s , including the Passat , Polo and Golf ; the latter became its bestseller . Volkswagen acquired a controlling stake in SEAT in 1986 , making it the first non-German marque of the company , and acquired control of Škoda in 1994 , of Bentley , Lamborghini and Bugatti in 1998 , Scania in 2008 and of Ducati , MAN and Porsche in 2012 . The company 's operations in China have grown rapidly in the past decade with the country becoming its largest market . Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft is a public company and has a primary listing on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange , where it is a constituent of the Euro Stoxx 50 stock market index , and secondary listings on the Luxembourg Stock Exchange , SIX Swiss Exchange . It has been traded in the United States via American depositary receipts since 1988 , currently on the OTC Marketplace . Volkswagen delisted from the London Stock Exchange in 2013 . The state of Lower Saxony holds 12.7 % of the company 's shares , granting it 20 % of the voting rights . Volkswagen held a 19.9 % non-controlling shareholding in Suzuki between 2009 and 2015 . An international arbitration court ordered Volkswagen to sell the stake back to Suzuki . Suzuki paid $ 3.8 bn to complete the stock buy-back just hours prior to a major scandal about emissions violations engulfing Volkswagen . ", "Mercedes-Benz -LRB- -LSB- mɛʁˈtseːdəsˌbɛnts -RSB- -RRB- is a global automobile manufacturer and a division of the German company Daimler AG . The brand is known for luxury vehicles , buses , coaches , and trucks . The headquarters is in Stuttgart , Baden-Württemberg . The name first appeared in 1926 under Daimler-Benz , but traces its origins to Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft 's 1901 Mercedes and Karl Benz 's 1886 Benz Patent-Motorwagen , which is widely regarded as the first gasoline-powered automobile . The slogan for the brand is `` the best or nothing '' and Mercedes-Benz was one of the top growing brands in 2014 with 18 % growth . ", "Daimler AG -LRB- -LSB- ˈdaɪmlɐ aːˈɡeː -RSB- -RRB- is a German multinational automotive corporation . Daimler AG is headquartered in Stuttgart , Baden-Württemberg , Germany . As of 2014 , Daimler owns or has shares in a number of car , bus , truck and motorcycle brands including Mercedes-Benz , Mercedes-AMG , Smart Automobile , Detroit Diesel , Freightliner , Western Star , Thomas Built Buses , Setra , BharatBenz , Mitsubishi Fuso , MV Agusta as well as shares in Denza , KAMAZ , Beijing Automotive Group . The luxury Maybach brand was terminated at the end of 2012 , but revived in April 2015 as `` Mercedes-Maybach '' versions of the Mercedes-Benz S-Class and G-Class . In 2016 Daimler sold 3.0 million vehicles . By unit sales , Daimler is the thirteenth-largest car manufacturer and is the largest truck manufacturer in the world . In addition to automobiles , Daimler manufactures buses and provides financial services through its Daimler Financial Services arm . The company is a component of the Euro Stoxx 50 stock market index . ", "Auto 5000 GmbH was a German vehicle manufacturing company set up inside the Volkswagen complex in Wolfsburg . The company was set up as a lower cost model with the aim of keeping manufacturing jobs in Germany at a time when production was moving to other areas . Key reductions in cost were a lower weekly rate of pay and more flexible working hours . The trade union IG Metall agreed the terms for newly employed staff who were either unemployed , about to be made redundant or looking to have more flexible working hours . ", "The BMW 7 Series -LRB- G11 -RRB- is a full-size luxury car manufactured by German automaker BMW . Succeeding the 2008 to 2015 produced BMW F01 , it is the sixth model generation of the BMW 7 Series . An official public reveal took place at the 2015 International Motor Show Germany . G11 is the codename for the short-wheelbase model , the extended wheelbase model is codenamed G12 and designated with an additional L letter . This 7 Series generation is the first car lineup of BMW Group to be based on the modular OKL platform -LRB- Oberklasse , German for luxury class -RRB- , the rear-wheel drive counterpart to BMW 's front-wheel drive UKL platform . The OKL platform adopts technology first introduced in BMW i models , namely the introduction of carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer as structural chassis components . As part of BMW 's strategy of introducing plug-in hybrid variants for all future car models , both , the short and long-wheelbase models will be available with hybrid powertrains under the designations 740e and 740Le in 2016 . " ]

[ 2, 1, 1, 0, 1 ]

[ "Alexandria", "Visa_policy_of_Egypt", "International_rankings_of_Egypt", "Egypt–Ethiopia_relations", "Cairo" ]

[ "Alexandria -LRB- -LSB- ˌælɪɡˈzændriə -RSB- or -LSB- ˌælɪɡˈzɑːndriə -RSB- Arabic : الإسكندرية ; اسكندرية ; Ⲁⲗⲉⲝⲁⲛⲇⲣⲓⲁ , Ⲣⲁⲕⲟⲧⲉ -RRB- is the second largest city and a major economic centre in Egypt , extending about 32 km along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea in the north central part of the country . Its low elevation on the Nile delta makes it highly vulnerable to rising sea levels . Alexandria is Egypt 's largest seaport , serving approximately 80 % of Egypt 's imports and exports . It is an important industrial center because of its natural gas and oil pipelines from Suez . Alexandria is also an important tourist destination . Alexandria was founded around a small Ancient Egyptian town c. 331 BC by Alexander the Great . It became an important center of the Hellenistic civilization and remained the capital of Hellenistic and Roman and Byzantine Egypt for almost 1000 years until the Muslim conquest of Egypt in AD 641 , when a new capital was founded at Fustat -LRB- later absorbed into Cairo -RRB- . Hellenistic Alexandria was best known for the Lighthouse of Alexandria -LRB- Pharos -RRB- , one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World ; its Great Library -LRB- the largest in the ancient world ; now replaced by a modern one -RRB- ; and the Necropolis , one of the Seven Wonders of the Middle Ages . Alexandria was the second most powerful city of the ancient world after Rome . Ongoing maritime archaeology in the harbor of Alexandria , which began in 1994 , is revealing details of Alexandria both before the arrival of Alexander , when a city named Rhacotis existed there , and during the Ptolemaic dynasty . From the late 18th century , Alexandria became a major center of the international shipping industry and one of the most important trading centers in the world , both because it profited from the easy overland connection between the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea , and the lucrative trade in Egyptian cotton . ", "Visitors to Egypt must obtain a visa from one of the Egyptian diplomatic missions unless they come from one of the visa exempt countries or countries that are eligible for visa on arrival . Visitors must hold passports that are valid for at least 6 months from the date of arrival to Egypt . In March 2015 it was announced that all foreigners travelling to Egypt for tourism will require visas in advance as of May 15 , 2015 . The only exemption will be for organized groups visiting through an Egyptian travel agency . In April 2015 Egyptian authorities announced that they have reversed the decision until an electronic visa system is in place . ", "The following are international rankings of Egypt . ", "Egypt -- Ethiopia relations refer to the bilateral relations between the governments of Egypt and Ethiopia . Both countries established diplomatic ties in 1927 to be the oldest on the African continent and one of the oldest in the world . They are both members of the Nile Basin Initiative and share a relation of special nature due to their crucial roles in vital issues such as the Nile water file and the interest both share on establishing security in the Horn of Africa region by combating terrorism and piracy . ", "Cairo is the capital and largest city of Egypt . The city 's metropolitan area is the largest in the Middle East and the Arab world , and 15th-largest in the world , and is associated with ancient Egypt , as the famous Giza pyramid complex and the ancient city of Memphis are located in its geographical area . Located near the Nile Delta , modern Cairo was founded in 969 CE by Jawhar of the Fatimid dynasty , but the land composing the present-day city was the site of ancient national capitals whose remnants remain visible in parts of Old Cairo . Cairo has long been a center of the region 's political and cultural life , and is titled `` the city of a thousand minarets '' for its preponderance of Islamic architecture . Cairo is considered a World City with a `` Beta + '' classification according to GaWC . Cairo has the oldest and largest film and music industries in the Arab world , as well as the world 's second-oldest institution of higher learning , Al-Azhar University . Many international media , businesses , and organizations have regional headquarters in the city ; the Arab League has had its headquarters in Cairo for most of its existence . With a population of 6.76 million spread over 453 km2 , Cairo is by far the largest city in Egypt . An additional 9.5 million inhabitants live in close proximity to the city . Cairo , like many other mega-cities , suffers from high levels of pollution and traffic . Cairo 's metro , one of only two in Africa -LRB- the other is in Algiers , Algeria -RRB- , ranks among the fifteen busiest in the world , with over 1 billion annual passenger rides . The economy of Cairo was ranked first in the Middle East in 2005 , and 43rd globally on Foreign Policy 2010 Global Cities Index . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Antigua_and_Barbuda", "Antigua", "List_of_companies_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda", "Index_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda-related_articles", "All_Saints,_Antigua_and_Barbuda" ]

[ "Antigua and Barbuda -LRB- -LSB- ænˈtiːɡə_ənd_bɑːrˈbjuːdə -RSB- ;-RRB- is a twin-island country in the Americas , lying between the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean . It consists of two major inhabited islands , Antigua and Barbuda , and a number of smaller islands -LRB- including Great Bird , Green , Guinea , Long , Maiden and York Islands and further south , the island of Redonda -RRB- . The permanent population numbers about 81,800 -LRB- at the 2011 Census -RRB- and the capital and largest port and city is St. John 's , on Antigua . Separated by a few nautical miles , Antigua and Barbuda are in the middle of the Leeward Islands , part of the Lesser Antilles , roughly at 17 ° N of the equator . The country 's name was given by Christopher Columbus in 1493 after discovering the island , in honor of the Virgin of La Antigua in the Seville Cathedral . The country is nicknamed `` Land of 365 Beaches '' due to the many beaches surrounding the islands . Its governance , language , and culture have all been strongly influenced by the British Empire , of which the country was formerly a part . ", "Antigua -LRB- -LSB- ænˈtiːɡə -RSB- -RRB- , also known as Waladli or Wadadli by the native population , is an island in the West Indies . It is one of the Leeward Islands in the Caribbean region and the main island of the country of Antigua and Barbuda . Antigua and Barbuda became an independent state within the Commonwealth of Nations on 1 November 1981 . Antigua means `` ancient '' in Spanish after an icon in Seville Cathedral , `` Santa Maria de la Antigua '' -- St. Mary of the Old Cathedral . The name Waladli comes from the indigenous inhabitants and means approximately `` our own '' . The island 's circumference is roughly 87 km and its area 281 km2 . Its population was 80,161 -LRB- at the 2011 Census -RRB- . The economy is mainly reliant on tourism , with the agricultural sector serving the domestic market . Over 32,000 people live in the capital city , St. John 's , at . The capital is situated in the north-west and has a deep harbour which is able to accommodate large cruise ships . Other leading population settlements are All Saints -LRB- 3,412 -RRB- and Liberta -LRB- 2,239 -RRB- , according to the 2001 census . English Harbour on the south-eastern coast is famed for its protected shelter during violent storms . It is the site of a restored British colonial naval station called `` Nelson 's Dockyard '' after Captain Horatio Nelson . Today English Harbour and the neighbouring village of Falmouth are internationally famous as a yachting and sailing destination and provisioning centre . During Antigua Sailing Week , at the end of April and beginning of May , the annual world-class regatta brings many sailing vessels and sailors to the island to play sports . ", "Antigua and Barbuda is a twin-island country in the Americas , lying between the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean . It consists of two major inhabited islands , Antigua and Barbuda , and a number of smaller islands -LRB- including Great Bird , Green , Guinea , Long , Maiden and York Islands and further south , the island of Redonda -RRB- . The permanent population numbers about 81,800 -LRB- at the 2011 Census -RRB- and the capital and largest port and city is St. John 's , on Antigua . Tourism dominates the economy , accounting for more than half of the Gross Domestic Product -LRB- GDP -RRB- . Antigua is famous for its many luxury resorts . Investment banking and financial services also make up an important part of the economy . ", "The following is an alphabetical list of topics related to the nation of Antigua and Barbuda . ", "All Saints is the second largest town in Antigua and Barbuda , with a population of 3,412 . It is located in the middle of Antigua , at . Just 5 miles SE of here is the capital , St. John 's . Within the vicinity of the town is Betty 's Hope , the first large-scale sugarcane plantation in Antigua . Betty 's Hope was built in 1674 by Sir Christopher Codrington , the namesake of Codrington , and was named for his daughter , Elizabeth Codrington . The only remaining structures are two stone sugar mills and the remains of the stillhouse , though its important role in Antigua 's history has inspired its government to turn it into an open-air museum . The area around All Saints is known for its traditional pottery . Potter 's Village , a nearby settlement , is named after it . " ]

[ 2, 1, 0, 0, 1 ]

[ "The_Joy_of_Painting", "Bob_Ross", "Don_Cornelius", "The_Howard_Stern_Show_-LRB-WWOR-RRB-", "That_Nashville_Music" ]

[ "The Joy of Painting is an American half-hour instructional television show hosted by painter Bob Ross which ran from January 11 , 1983 , until May 17 , 1994 . In each episode , Ross taught techniques for landscape oil painting , completing a painting in each session . The program followed the same format as its predecessor , The Magic of Oil Painting , hosted by Ross 's mentor Bill Alexander . ", "Robert Norman Ross -LRB- October 29 , 1942 -- July 4 , 1995 -RRB- was an American painter , art instructor , and television host . He was the creator and host of The Joy of Painting , an instructional television program that aired from 1983 to 1994 on PBS in the United States , and also aired in Canada , Latin America , and Europe . With a soft voice and a permed afro , Ross went from being a television personality in the 1980s and 1990s to an Internet celebrity popular with fans on YouTube and many other websites . ", "Donald Cortez `` Don '' Cornelius -LRB- September 27 , 1936 -- February 1 , 2012 -RRB- was an American television show host and producer who was best known as the creator of the nationally syndicated dance and music show Soul Train , which he hosted from 1971 until 1993 . Eventually Cornelius sold the show to MadVision Entertainment in 2008 . ", "The Howard Stern Show is an American late-night television variety show , hosted by radio personality Howard Stern . It aired Saturdays , beginning at 11:00 pm , from July 14 , 1990 to August 8 , 1992 . ", "That Nashville Music -LRB- aka That Good Ole Nashville Music -RRB- was an American television program featuring country music performers singing their biggest hits . The series aired in syndication from 1970 through 1985 . Early in the series run , the series was hosted by country music star Dave Dudley . In later years , guest performers - usually two or three per episode - were featured . A broad range of singers and groups were featured , from the legends and current superstars to up-and-coming acts . The final act of each episode featured cloggers , a group of eight to 16 country music tap dancers . The series was distributed by Show Biz Inc. , and produced at Opryland USA in Nashville , Tennessee . Purina Dog Chow was the show 's sponsor . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Yvonne_Strahovski", "Stowaway_-LRB-Fringe-RRB-", "Ben_Sokolowski", "The_Astronaut_Wives_Club", "The_Marriage_-LRB-TV_series-RRB-" ]

[ "Yvonne Jaqueline Strzechowski -LRB- born 30 July 1982 -RRB- , known professionally as Yvonne Strahovski -LRB- -LSB- strəˈhɒvski -RSB- -RRB- , is an Australian actress . She is best known for her roles as CIA Agent Sarah Walker in the NBC series Chuck -LRB- 2007 -- 2012 -RRB- , Hannah McKay in the Showtime series Dexter -LRB- 2012 -- 2013 -RRB- and CIA Agent Kate Morgan in the Fox limited event television series 24 : Live Another Day -LRB- 2014 -RRB- . Strahovski 's other notable works include Lego : The Adventures of Clutch Powers -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , Killer Elite -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , I , Frankenstein -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , The Astronaut Wives Club -LRB- 2015 -RRB- , and Manhattan Night -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . She has also voiced Miranda Lawson in the Mass Effect video game series and Batwoman in the animated film Batman : Bad Blood -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . ", "`` Stowaway '' is the 17th episode of the third season of the American science fiction drama television series Fringe , and the 60th episode overall . It followed the Fringe team 's investigation into a woman , Dana Gray -LRB- Paula Malcomson -RRB- , who repeatedly but unsuccessfully tries to commit suicide . Meanwhile , Olivia continues to serve as the host for William Bell , to the dismay of most of her other team members . The episode 's story was written by Akiva Goldsman , Jeff Pinkner , and J. H. Wyman , while Danielle Dispaltro contributed its teleplay . Charles Beeson served as the director . Along with Malcomson , `` Stowaway '' featured a guest appearance by previous Fringe actor Seth Gabel . Though Leonard Nimoy had recently retired , the writers still had storylines involving his character , leading to their decision to have Bell possess Olivia 's body . `` Stowaway '' first aired in the United States on March 18 , 2011 to an estimated 3.8 million viewers and a 1.3 ratings share for adults aged between 18 and 49 . This was the series ' lowest ratings share for adults up to that point . Reviews of the episode were generally positive , as multiple critics praised Anna Torv 's Nimoy impression as well as Joshua Jackson 's reaction to it . ", "Benjamin `` Ben , Sokolowski is a Canadian television writer . He is well known for his work on The CW superhero series Arrow and The Flash . ", "The Astronaut Wives Club is an American period drama television series developed by Stephanie Savage for ABC . It is based on Lily Koppel 's book of the same name . The series tells the story of the wives of the Mercury Seven -- America 's first group of astronauts . Actresses Dominique McElligott , Yvonne Strahovski , Joanna García Swisher , Erin Cummings , Azure Parsons , Zoe Boyle , and Odette Annable play the roles of the astronauts ' wives . The Astronaut Wives Club premiered on June 18 , 2015 . Following the completion of its run , the series ' developer noted the series had been planned as a mini-series , telling a complete story . However , co-creator Stephanie Savage revealed in an interview with Variety that the producers were interested in making the series an anthology in case it gained a renewal for a second season . Possible seasons would have featured wives of men in the 1920s , wives of World War II soldiers , wives of men who work on Wall Street , and wives of men in the 1980s , among other possible scenarios . ", "The Marriage is an American sitcom that aired on NBC from July to August 1954 . The series is noted as the first prime-time network television series to be broadcast regularly in color . Broadcast live by NBC for seven episodes in the summer of 1954 , the series stars real-life couple Hume Cronyn -LRB- who also produced the show -RRB- and Jessica Tandy as a New York lawyer and his wife with two children , played by Susan Strasberg and Malcolm Brodrick . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 1, 1 ]

[ "Andrea_Pirlo", "Andrea_Viviano", "Andrea_Bianchimano", "María_de_la_Paz_Hernández", "Pentti_Isotalo" ]

[ "Andrea Pirlo , Ufficiale OMRI -LRB- born 19 May 1979 -RRB- is an Italian professional footballer who plays for American club New York City FC and the Italy national team . Pirlo is usually deployed as a deep-lying playmaker in midfield for both his club and national sides , and he is widely regarded as one of the greatest ever exponents of this position , due to his vision , ball control , creativity and passing ability ; he is also a free-kick specialist . Pirlo began his club career as an attacking midfielder with his home-town side Brescia , where he later helped the team to win the Serie B title and obtain Serie A promotion in 1997 . His promising performances led to a move to Internazionale in 1998 , but he struggled to gain playing time at his new club , due to his lack of pace , as well as heavy competition with other players in his position , and was subsequently sent on loan in 1999 . Despite successful spells with Reggina , and Brescia once again , Pirlo was still unable to break into Inter 's starting line-up , and was sold to cross-city rivals Milan in 2001 . At Milan , manager Carlo Ancelotti decided to shift Pirlo in front of the defence as a deep-lying playmaker , which allowed him more time on the ball to orchestrate his team 's attacks . Pirlo excelled in his new role , and soon developed into a world-class midfielder , playing a key role in Milan 's subsequent successes , as he won two UEFA Champions Leagues -LRB- 2003 and 2007 -RRB- , two UEFA Super Cups -LRB- 2003 and 2007 -RRB- , two Serie A titles -LRB- 2004 and 2011 -RRB- , a FIFA Club World Cup -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , a Supercoppa Italiana -LRB- 2004 -RRB- , and a Coppa Italia -LRB- 2003 -RRB- with the club . After joining Juventus on a free transfer in 2011 , who had gone trophyless since 2003 , he added four more Serie A titles -LRB- 2012 , 2013 , 2014 , and 2015 -RRB- , which he won consecutively , as well as two Supercoppa Italiana titles -LRB- 2012 and 2013 -RRB- , and a Coppa Italia -LRB- 2015 -RRB- . After playing in Italy for over 20 seasons , Pirlo joined MLS expansion side New York City FC in 2015 , helping the team to reach the playoffs in his second season . At international level , Pirlo is the fourth-most capped player in the history of the Italian national team with 116 caps . He has played for the Italian youth teams at U15 , U18 and U21 level , captaining and leading the latter to victory in the 2000 UEFA European Under-21 Championship as the Golden Player and Top Scorer of the tournament . He joined the Italian senior side in September 2002 and captained the Olympic team to a bronze medal in the 2004 Olympics . Later , he was instrumental in their victory in the 2006 FIFA World Cup . He was named Man of the Match three times , including the final , more than any other player in the tournament , and ultimately won the Bronze Ball -LRB- awarded to the third best player of the tournament -RRB- also being elected to the Team of the Tournament . He was also elected as part of the UEFA Euro 2012 Team of the Tournament , after leading Italy to the final , winning three Man of the Match awards in the process , the most of any player along with Andrés Iniesta . He has also represented the Italian senior side at the 2004 and 2008 UEFA European Championships , the 2010 and 2014 FIFA World Cups , and the 2009 and 2013 FIFA Confederations Cups , finishing third in the latter edition in Brazil , where he was also elected to the Team of the Tournament . Pirlo came in third , second , fourth , and third twice more in the IFFHS World Playmaker of the Year awards in 2006 , 2007 , 2012 , 2013 , and 2015 , respectively . He placed fourth in the 2012 UEFA Best Player in Europe Award , and seventh in the 2015 edition . He placed 7th in the 2007 FIFA World Player , 5th in the 2007 Ballon d'Or and 7th in the 2012 FIFA Ballon d'Or award . He was also named as part of the 2006 FIFPro World XI and the 2012 UEFA Team of the Year . In 2012 , 2013 , and 2014 , Pirlo was also elected as Serie A Footballer of the Year , and was also named as part of the Serie A team of the Year . After helping Juventus to the 2015 UEFA Champions League Final , he was named to the squad of the season . In 2012 , Pirlo was named the eighth best footballer in the World by The Guardian , and in 2013 , Bloomberg ranked him the fifth best player in Europe . In 2015 , France Football rated him as one of the 10 best footballers in the world who are over the age of 36 . ", "Andrea Viviano was an Italian footballer who played as a forward . He competed in the 1928 Summer Olympics with the Italy national football team . ", "Andrea Bianchimano -LRB- born 25 December 1996 -RRB- is an Italian professional football striker who plays for Reggina , on loan from Milan . ", "María -LRB- `` Maripi '' -RRB- de la Paz Hernández -LRB- born January 1 , 1977 in Buenos Aires -RRB- is a retired field hockey player from Argentina , who won the silver medal with the national women 's hockey team at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney and bronze medals at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens and 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing . She was also member of the argentinian squad that won the World Cup in 2002 and two Champions Trophy -LRB- 2001 and 2008 -RRB- . María de la Paz has also two Pan American Games -LRB- 1999 and 2003 -RRB- and the Pan American Cup in 2001 . Her brother is current Argentina rugby star Juan Martín Hernández . ", "Pentti Veijo Isotalo -LRB- born 17 February 1927 -RRB- is a retired professional ice hockey player who played in the SM-liiga . He was born in Tampere , Finland and played for Ilves . He was inducted into the Finnish Hockey Hall of Fame in 1985 . " ]

[ 1, 0, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Sweet_Home_Alabama", "I_Wanna_Come_Over", "Tom_Douglas_-LRB-songwriter-RRB-", "Sweet_Home_Transylvania", "The_Blythes_Are_Quoted" ]

[ "`` Sweet Home Alabama '' is a song by Southern rock band Lynyrd Skynyrd that first appeared in 1974 on their second album , Second Helping . It reached number 8 on the US chart in 1974 and was the band 's second hit single . The song was written in reply to `` Southern Man '' and `` Alabama '' by Neil Young ; Young is name-checked in the song 's lyrics . ", "`` I Wan na Come Over '' is a song written by Richard Berardi and Michael Berardi , and performed by American country music band Alabama . It was first recorded by pop and rock singer Ronnie Spector in 1978 as the B-side of her cover of the Bonnie Tyler song `` It 's a Heartache '' It was released in September 1979 as the first single to feature drummer Mark Herndon from the album My Home 's in Alabama . The song represented a number of milestones in the career of the Fort Payne , Alabama-based band . In 1979 , Alabama had started to record again after a two-year hiatus -LRB- due to a number of legal restrictions with their first recording contract , the now-defunct GRT Records -RRB- . One of their first recordings following the hiatus was `` I Wan na Come Over , '' which they included on a self-produced album . When released in September 1979 , the song was issued on the small MDJ Records . The song entered the Billboard magazine Hot Country Singles chart later that month , eventually becoming their first Top 40 hit . The song peaked at No. 33 in early December . `` I Wan na Come Over '' also proved crucial for introducing Alabama 's fans to one aspect core to their style -- the mellow love ballad , which would be repeated on their most successful songs , including `` Feels So Right , '' `` There 's No Way '' and `` Forever 's as Far as I 'll Go . '' It also paved the way for the bigger success of the follow-up single , `` My Home 's in Alabama '' -LRB- which provided fans with the country rock-influenced side of the band 's sound -RRB- . Both `` I Wan na Come Over '' and `` My Home 's in Alabama '' are included on Alabama 's first RCA Records album , My Home 's in Alabama , released in May 1980 . `` I Wan na Come Over '' later served as the B-side to a later Alabama single , `` Why Lady Why '' -LRB- itself originally a B-side hit -RRB- . ", "Thomas Stevenson `` Tom '' Douglas is an American country music songwriter . Douglas has been active in the industry since the early 1990s . He has written Top Ten hits for John Michael Montgomery , Martina McBride , Tim McGraw , Collin Raye , Lady Antebellum , Miranda Lambert and others . Douglas first worked in real estate before beginning his songwriting career in Nashville , Tennessee . One of his first cuts was `` Little Rock , '' which Collin Raye took into the country Top Ten in 1993 . By 1994 , Douglas was signed with Sony/ATV Music Publishing in June 1994 . `` Little Rock '' was nominated for Song of the Year by the Country Music Association in 1994 , and received a `` Million-Air '' award from Broadcast Music Incorporated -LRB- BMI -RRB- for receiving one million spins on country radio . Following the song 's success , Douglas moved to Nashville , Tennessee in 1997 . Douglas has also co-written several songs for Tim McGraw , including the Number One singles `` Grown Men Do n't Cry '' and `` Southern Voice , '' as well as the Top Five songs `` My Little Girl '' and `` Let It Go . '' He also co-wrote Martina McBride 's `` Love 's the Only House , '' as well as Lady Antebellum 's Number One `` I Run to You . '' In 2009 Tom Douglas was awarded a Tripple Play Award , for three number one songs written within a year . Douglas 's song `` The House That Built Me '' was nominated for a 2010 Grammy Award - Song of the Year and Country Song of the Year . The song went on to win CMA Song of the Year , as well as ACM 's Song Of The Year and Single Record Of The Year . Also in 2010 , Douglas was also nominated for an Oscar and a Golden Globe for the song `` Coming Home -LRB- song -RRB- '' featured in the film `` Country Strong . '' In 2014 , `` Meanwhile Back at Mama 's '' was nominated for Grammy 's Country Song Of The Year . Douglas was inducted to the Nashville Songwriters Hall of Fame on October 5 , 2014 . ", "Sweet Home Transylvania is the second studio album by the American New York -- based Heavy Metal band The Bronx Casket Co. , released on October 9 , 2001 . ", "The Blythes Are Quoted is a book completed by L.M. Montgomery -LRB- 1874 -- 1942 -RRB- near the end of her life but not published in its entirety until 2009 . It is her eleventh book to feature Anne Shirley Blythe , who first appears in her first and best-known novel , Anne of Green Gables -LRB- 1908 -RRB- , and then in Anne of Avonlea -LRB- 1909 -RRB- , Chronicles of Avonlea -LRB- 1912 -RRB- , Anne of the Island -LRB- 1915 -RRB- , Anne 's House of Dreams -LRB- 1917 -RRB- , Rainbow Valley -LRB- 1919 -RRB- , Further Chronicles of Avonlea -LRB- 1920 -RRB- , Rilla of Ingleside -LRB- 1921 -RRB- , Anne of Windy Poplars -LRB- 1936 -RRB- , and Anne of Ingleside -LRB- 1939 -RRB- . It consists of an experimental blend of fifteen short stories , forty-one poems , and numerous vignettes featuring Anne and members of her family discussing her poetry . The book focuses on small-town life in Glen St. Mary , Prince Edward Island , and is divided into two halves : one preceding the events of the First World War of 1914 -- 1918 and one relating incidents after the war , up to and including the beginning of the Second World War of 1939 -- 1945 . " ]

[ 0, 1, 1, 0, 1 ]

[ "Johann_Wolfgang_von_Goethe", "Weimar", "Jahn's_Hall", "Carl_Siegfried", "Johann_Ernst_Immanuel_Walch" ]

[ "Johann Wolfgang von Goethe -LRB- -LSB- ˈgɜːrtə -RSB- -LSB- ˈjoːhan ˈvɔlfɡaŋ fɔn ˈɡøːtə -RSB- ; 28 August 1749 -- 22 March 1832 -RRB- was a German writer and statesman . His works include epic and lyric poetry ; prose and verse dramas ; memoirs ; an autobiography ; literary and aesthetic criticism ; treatises on botany , anatomy , and colour ; and four novels . In addition , numerous literary and scientific fragments , more than 10,000 letters , and nearly 3,000 drawings by him exist . A literary celebrity by the age of 25 , Goethe was ennobled by the Duke of Saxe-Weimar , Carl August in 1782 after taking up residence there in November 1775 following the success of his first novel , The Sorrows of Young Werther . He was an early participant in the Sturm und Drang literary movement . During his first ten years in Weimar , Goethe was a member of the Duke 's privy council , sat on the war and highway commissions , oversaw the reopening of silver mines in nearby Ilmenau , and implemented a series of administrative reforms at the University of Jena . He also contributed to the planning of Weimar 's botanical park and the rebuilding of its Ducal Palace , which in 1998 were together designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site . His first major scientific work , the Metamorphosis of Plants , was published after he returned from a 1788 tour of Italy . In 1791 , he was made managing director of the theatre at Weimar , and in 1794 he began a friendship with the dramatist , historian , and philosopher Friedrich Schiller , whose plays he premiered until Schiller 's death in 1805 . During this period , Goethe published his second novel , Wilhelm Meister 's Apprenticeship , the verse epic Hermann and Dorothea , and , in 1808 , the first part of his most celebrated drama , Faust . His conversations and various common undertakings throughout the 1790s with Schiller , Johann Gottlieb Fichte , Johann Gottfried Herder , Alexander von Humboldt , Wilhelm von Humboldt , and August and Friedrich Schlegel have , in later years , been collectively termed Weimar Classicism . Arthur Schopenhauer cited Wilhelm Meister 's Apprenticeship as one of the four greatest novels ever written , along with Tristram Shandy , La Nouvelle Héloïse , and Don Quixote , and Ralph Waldo Emerson selected Goethe as one of six `` representative men '' in his work of the same name , along with Plato , Emanuel Swedenborg , Michel de Montaigne , Napoleon , and William Shakespeare . Goethe 's comments and observations form the basis of several biographical works , most notably Johann Peter Eckermann 's Conversations with Goethe . ", "Weimar -LRB- -LSB- ˈvaɪmaɐ -RSB- ; Vimaria or Vinaria -RRB- is a city in the federal state of Thuringia , Germany . It is located between Erfurt in the west and Jena in the east , approximately 80 km southwest of Leipzig , 170 km north of Nuremberg and 170 km west of Dresden . Together with the neighbour-cities Erfurt and Jena it forms the central metropolitan area of Thuringia with approximately 500,000 inhabitants , whereas the city itself counts a population of 65,000 . Weimar is well known because of its large cultural heritage and its importance in German history . The city was a focal point of the German Enlightenment and home of the leading characters of the literary genre of Weimar Classicism , the writers Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and Friedrich Schiller . In the 19th century , famous composers like Franz Liszt made a music centre of Weimar and later , artists and architects like Henry van de Velde , Wassily Kandinsky , Paul Klee , Lyonel Feininger and Walter Gropius came to the city and founded the Bauhaus movement , the most important German design school of the interwar period . However , the political history of 20th-century Weimar was inconsistent : it was the place where Germany 's first democratic constitution was signed after the First World War , giving its name to the Weimar Republic period in German politics -LRB- 1918 -- 33 -RRB- , as well as one of the cities mythologized by the National Socialist propaganda . Until 1948 , Weimar was the capital of Thuringia . Today , many places in the city centre have been designated as UNESCO World Heritage sites -LRB- either as part of the Weimar Classicism complex or as part of the Bauhaus complex -RRB- and tourism is one of the leading economic sectors of Weimar . Relevant institutions in Weimar are the Bauhaus University , the Liszt School of Music , the Duchess Anna Amalia Library and two leading courts of Thuringia -LRB- Supreme Administrative Court and Constitutional Court -RRB- . In 1999 , Weimar was the European Capital of Culture . ", "Jahn 's Hall was a concert hall in late 18th century Vienna . It was the property of a restaurateur/caterer named Ignaz Jahn , and seated -LRB- according to Deutsch -RRB- `` 400 at the most '' . It is remembered as a performance venue for works by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and Ludwig van Beethoven . ", "Carl Gustav Adolf Siegfried -LRB- 22 January 1830 , Magdeburg -- 9 January 1903 , Jena -RRB- was a German theologian who specialized in Old Testament studies . He studied theology and philology at the universities of Halle and Bonn . In 1859 he received his doctorate from Halle , and afterwards worked as a teacher at the cathedral gymnasium in Magdeburg and at the regional school in Pforta . In 1875 , he was appointed professor of Old Testament theology at the University of Jena . ", "Johann Ernst Immanuel Walch -LRB- 29 August 1725 -- 1 December 1778 -RRB- was a German theologian , linguist , and naturalist from Jena . " ]

[ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Wolfgang_Amadeus_Mozart", "Maria_Anna_Thekla_Mozart", "Jahn's_Hall", "Wolfgang_Kohlhaase", "Elisabeth_Wendling" ]

[ "Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart -LRB- -LSB- ˈwʊlfɡæŋ_æməˈdeɪəs_ˈmoʊtsɑrt -RSB- ; -LSB- ˈvɔlfɡaŋ amaˈdeːʊs ˈmoːtsaʁt -RSB- ; 27 January 1756 -- 5 December 1791 -RRB- , baptised as Johannes Chrysostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart , was a prolific and influential composer of the Classical era . Born in Salzburg , he showed prodigious ability from his earliest childhood . Already competent on keyboard and violin , he composed from the age of five and performed before European royalty . At 17 , Mozart was engaged as a musician at the Salzburg court , but grew restless and traveled in search of a better position . While visiting Vienna in 1781 , he was dismissed from his Salzburg position . He chose to stay in the capital , where he achieved fame but little financial security . During his final years in Vienna , he composed many of his best-known symphonies , concertos , and operas , and portions of the Requiem , which was largely unfinished at the time of his death . The circumstances of his early death have been much mythologized . He was survived by his wife Constanze and two sons . He composed more than 600 works , many acknowledged as pinnacles of symphonic , concertante , chamber , operatic , and choral music . He is among the most enduringly popular of classical composers , and his influence is profound on subsequent Western art music . Ludwig van Beethoven composed his own early works in the shadow of Mozart , and Joseph Haydn wrote : `` posterity will not see such a talent again in 100 years '' . ", "Maria Anna Thekla Mozart -LRB- September 25 , 1758 -- January 25 , 1841 -RRB- , called Marianne , known as Bäsle -LRB- `` little cousin '' -RRB- , was the cousin of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart . ", "Jahn 's Hall was a concert hall in late 18th century Vienna . It was the property of a restaurateur/caterer named Ignaz Jahn , and seated -LRB- according to Deutsch -RRB- `` 400 at the most '' . It is remembered as a performance venue for works by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and Ludwig van Beethoven . ", "Wolfgang Kohlhaase -LRB- born 13 March 1931 -RRB- is a German screenwriter and film director . He was awarded the Honorary Golden Bear at the 2010 Berlin International Film Festival . In 1980 , along with Konrad Wolf , he co-directed the film Solo Sunny . It was entered into the 30th Berlin International Film Festival , where Renate Krößner won the Silver Bear for Best Actress . In 1985 , he was a member of the jury at the 35th Berlin International Film Festival . ", "Elisabeth -LRB- `` Lisl '' -RRB- Augusta Wendling , -LRB- née Sarselli ; 20 February 1746 -LRB- baptised -RRB- -- 10 January 1786 -RRB- was a German soprano , for whom Mozart wrote the role of Electra in his opera Idomeneo , re di Creta . Wendling was born in Mannheim . There were four musicians in the original Idomeneo from the Wendling family . She usually sang with her sister-in-law Dorothea Wendling , after her début in 1762 in Sofonisba by Tommaso Traetta . Later , she occasionally sang as the prima donna , most famously as Anna in Günther von Schwarzburg -LRB- 1777 -RRB- by Ignaz Holzbauer . In a letter , Mozart says he has been introduced to her by Cannabich and that she was very good-looking , and a good musician . Wendling had been greatly praised by Mozart 's father and thus was chosen for the role of Electra . In 1785 she was engaged to sing in Alessio Prati 's Armida abbandonata , but fell ill and had to hand the role to her niece ; she never sang in public again . She died in Munich . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Pattern_recognition", "Pattern_Recognition_-LRB-novel-RRB-", "Confusion_matrix", "Thought_identification", "Heuristic-systematic_model_of_information_processing" ]

[ "Pattern recognition is a branch of machine learning that focuses on the recognition of patterns and regularities in data , although it is in some cases considered to be nearly synonymous with machine learning . Pattern recognition systems are in many cases trained from labeled `` training '' data -LRB- supervised learning -RRB- , but when no labeled data are available other algorithms can be used to discover previously unknown patterns -LRB- unsupervised learning -RRB- . The terms pattern recognition , machine learning , data mining and knowledge discovery in databases -LRB- KDD -RRB- are hard to separate , as they largely overlap in their scope . Machine learning is the common term for supervised learning methods and originates from artificial intelligence , whereas KDD and data mining have a larger focus on unsupervised methods and stronger connection to business use . Pattern recognition has its origins in engineering , and the term is popular in the context of computer vision : a leading computer vision conference is named Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition . In pattern recognition , there may be a higher interest to formalize , explain and visualize the pattern , while machine learning traditionally focuses on maximizing the recognition rates . Yet , all of these domains have evolved substantially from their roots in artificial intelligence , engineering and statistics , and they 've become increasingly similar by integrating developments and ideas from each other . In machine learning , pattern recognition is the assignment of a label to a given input value . In statistics , discriminant analysis was introduced for this same purpose in 1936 . An example of pattern recognition is classification , which attempts to assign each input value to one of a given set of classes -LRB- for example , determine whether a given email is `` spam '' or `` non-spam '' -RRB- . However , pattern recognition is a more general problem that encompasses other types of output as well . Other examples are regression , which assigns a real-valued output to each input ; sequence labeling , which assigns a class to each member of a sequence of values -LRB- for example , part of speech tagging , which assigns a part of speech to each word in an input sentence -RRB- ; and parsing , which assigns a parse tree to an input sentence , describing the syntactic structure of the sentence . Pattern recognition algorithms generally aim to provide a reasonable answer for all possible inputs and to perform `` most likely '' matching of the inputs , taking into account their statistical variation . This is opposed to pattern matching algorithms , which look for exact matches in the input with pre-existing patterns . A common example of a pattern-matching algorithm is regular expression matching , which looks for patterns of a given sort in textual data and is included in the search capabilities of many text editors and word processors . In contrast to pattern recognition , pattern matching is generally not considered a type of machine learning , although pattern-matching algorithms -LRB- especially with fairly general , carefully tailored patterns -RRB- can sometimes succeed in providing similar-quality output of the sort provided by pattern-recognition algorithms . ", "Pattern Recognition is a novel by science fiction writer William Gibson published in 2003 . Set in August and September 2002 , the story follows Cayce Pollard , a 32-year-old marketing consultant who has a psychological sensitivity to corporate symbols . The action takes place in London , Tokyo , and Moscow as Cayce judges the effectiveness of a proposed corporate symbol and is hired to seek the creators of film clips anonymously posted to the internet . The novel 's central theme involves the examination of the human desire to detect patterns or meaning and the risks of finding patterns in meaningless data . Other themes include methods of interpretation of history , cultural familiarity with brand names , and tensions between art and commercialization . The September 11 , 2001 attacks are used as a motif representing the transition to the new century . Critics identify influences in Pattern Recognition from Thomas Pynchon 's postmodern detective story The Crying of Lot 49 . Pattern Recognition is Gibson 's eighth novel and his first one to be set in the contemporary world . Like his previous work , it has been classified as a science fiction and postmodern novel , with the action unfolding along a thriller plot line . Critics approved of the writing but found the plot unoriginal and some of the language distracting . The book peaked at number four on the New York Times Best Seller list , was nominated for the 2003 British Science Fiction Association Award , and was shortlisted for the 2004 Arthur C. Clarke Award and Locus Awards . ", "In the field of machine learning and specifically the problem of statistical classification , a confusion matrix , also known as an error matrix , is a specific table layout that allows visualization of the performance of an algorithm , typically a supervised learning one -LRB- in unsupervised learning it is usually called a matching matrix -RRB- . Each column of the matrix represents the instances in a predicted class while each row represents the instances in an actual class -LRB- or vice versa -RRB- . The name stems from the fact that it makes it easy to see if the system is confusing two classes -LRB- i.e. commonly mislabelling one as another -RRB- . It is a special kind of contingency table , with two dimensions -LRB- `` actual '' and `` predicted '' -RRB- , and identical sets of `` classes '' in both dimensions -LRB- each combination of dimension and class is a variable in the contingency table -RRB- . ", "Thought identification refers to the empirically verified use of technology to , in some sense , read people 's minds . Advances in research have made this possible by using human neuroimaging to decode a person 's conscious experience based on non-invasive measurements of an individual 's brain activity . Professor of neuropsychology Barbara Sahakian qualifies , `` A lot of neuroscientists in the field are very cautious and say we ca n't talk about reading individuals ' minds , and right now that is very true , but we 're moving ahead so rapidly , it 's not going to be that long before we will be able to tell whether someone 's making up a story , or whether someone intended to do a crime with a certain degree of certainty . '' ", "The heuristic-systematic model of information processing , or HSM , is a widely recognized communication model by Shelly Chaiken that attempts to explain how people receive and process persuasive messages . The model states that individuals can process messages in one of two ways : heuristically or systematically . The guiding belief with this model is that individuals are more apt to minimize their use of cognitive resources thus affecting the intake and processing of messages . HSM is quite similar to the elaboration likelihood model , or ELM . Both models were predominantly developed in the early to mid-1980 's and share many of the same concepts and ideas . " ]

[ 2, 0, 1, 0, 0 ]

[ "Brat_Pack_-LRB-actors-RRB-", "Bratz_Babyz", "Bratsch_-LRB-band-RRB-", "New_Kids_on_the_Block", "Kid_Astray" ]

[ "The Brat Pack is a nickname given to a group of young actors who frequently appeared together in teen-oriented coming-of-age films in the 1980s . First mentioned in a 1985 New York magazine article , it is now usually defined as the cast members of two specific films released in 1985 -- The Breakfast Club and St. Elmo 's Fire -- although other actors are sometimes included . The `` core '' members are considered to be Emilio Estevez , Anthony Michael Hall , Rob Lowe , Andrew McCarthy , Demi Moore , Judd Nelson , Molly Ringwald , and Ally Sheedy . ", "Bratz Babyz is a brand name under which a series of dolls are made . It is a subset of the main Bratz line in which all of the dolls are babies . The brand is split into two lines , the regular Bratz Babyz and the Bratz Big Babyz -LRB- which include a `` birth certificate '' and other accessories -RRB- . ", "Bratsch are a French-based music ensemble using influences from Roma -LRB- i.e. `` Gypsy '' -RRB- music , klezmer , jazz and many diverse folk traditions . The group was formed in 1975 by guitarist Dan Gharibian and violinist Bruno Girard , and has released more than ten albums to date . The group is renowned for the diversity of its musical influences and for the virtuosity of its members and guest artists . ", "New Kids on the Block -LRB- also initialized as NKOTB -RRB- is an American boy band from Boston , Massachusetts . The band currently consists of brothers Jordan and Jonathan Knight , Joey McIntyre , Donnie Wahlberg , and Danny Wood . New Kids on the Block enjoyed success in the late 1980s and early 1990s and have sold more than 80 million records worldwide . They won two American Music Awards in 1990 for Favorite Pop/Rock Band , Duo , or Group and Favorite Pop/Rock Album . The group disbanded in 1994 , after which several attempts were made to get the group back together , all of them unsuccessful . After secretly reuniting in 2007 and recording a new CD , the group released that new album and embarked on a concert tour in 2008 . The album , entitled The Block , was released on September 2 , 2008 . New Kids on the Block was listed as number 16 on Rolling Stone 's Top 25 Teen Idol Breakout Moments . The group was on tour with the Backstreet Boys in 2011 -- 12 as NKOTBSB . This collaboration first performed live together on November 21 , 2010 at the American Music Awards on ABC and again on 2011 New Year 's on ABC 's Dick Clark/Ryan Seacrest show . The group received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame on October 9 , 2014 . They are still touring as of 2017 with their Total Package Tour . ", "Kid Astray is an indie pop band from Sandvika , Norway , consisting of Benjamin Giørtz , Elizabeth Wu , Even Steine , Alex Meek , Håkon Carlin and Jakob Bechmann . The band formed in 2010 , when they met at the same music high school . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Pakistan_Movement", "1947_Poonch_Rebellion", "1994_in_Afghanistan", "Attribution_of_the_2008_Mumbai_attacks", "2016–17_Kashmir_unrest" ]

[ "The Pakistan Movement or Tehrik-e-Pakistan -LRB- -LSB- -- -RRB- was a religious political movement in the 1940s that aimed for and succeeded in the creation of Pakistan from the Muslim-majority areas of British Indian Empire . The movement progressed within India alongside the Indian independence movement , but the Pakistan Movement sought to establish a new nation-state that protected the religious identity and political interests of Muslims in South Asia . The first organised political movements were in Aligarh where another literary movement was led by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan that built the genesis of the Pakistan movement . An educational convention held in 1906 with joint efforts of Syed Ahmad Khan and Vikar-ul-Haq , the Muslim reformers took the movement to the political stage in the form of establishing the mainstream and then newly formed All-India Muslim League -LRB- AIML -RRB- , with prominent moderate leaders seeking to protect the basic rights of Muslims in the British Raj . During the initial stages of the movement , it adopted the vision of philosopher Iqbal after addressing at the convention of the AIML 's annual session . Muhammad Ali Jinnah 's constitutional struggle further helped gaining public support for the movement in the four provinces . Urdu poets such as Iqbal and Faiz used literature , poetry and speech as a powerful tool for political awareness . Feminists such as Sheila Pant and Fatima Jinnah championed the emancipation of Pakistan 's women and their participation in national politics . The Pakistan Movement was led by a large and diversified group of people whose struggle ultimately resulted in the British Empire announcing the Indian Independence Act 1947 , which created the independent dominions of India and Pakistan . The Pakistan Movement was the result of a series of social , political , and intellectual transformations in Pakistani society , government , and ways of thinking . Efforts and struggles of the Founding Fathers resulted in the creation of the democratic and independent government . In the following years , another nationally -- minded subset went on to established a strong government , followed by the military intervention in 1958 . Grievousness and unbalanced economic distribution caused an upheaval which led East Pakistan to declare independence as the People 's Republic of Bangladesh in 1971 . After a strong concessions and consents reached in 1973 , the new Constitution established a relatively strong government , institutions , national courts , a legislature that represented both states in the Senate and population in the National Assembly . Pakistan 's phase shift to republicanism , and the gradually increasing democracy , caused an upheaval of traditional social hierarchy and gave birth to the ethic that has formed a core of political values in Pakistan . ", "In Spring 1947 , an uprising against the Maharaja Hari Singh of Jammu and Kashmir broke out in the Poonch jagir , an area bordering the Rawalpindi district of West Punjab and the Hazara district of the North-West Frontier Province in the future Pakistan . Starting as a local affair , it eventually led to the First Kashmir War fought between India and Pakistan , and the formation of Azad Kashmir . The Poonch jagir has since been divided across the Pakistan-administered Azad Kashmir and the Indian-administered state of Jammu and Kashmir . ", "Destructive and inconclusive fighting between forces loyal to Prime Minister Hekmatyar and troops loyal to President Rabbani results in the disintegration of central state authority and weaken the cohesion of the multinational state . Kabul remains divided into zones controlled by rival groups . A blockade of Kabul leads to fighting in northern Afghanistan over a tenuous road link to neighboring Tajikistan . The prolonged bombardment reduces most of the Afghan capital to ruins and causes 75 % of Kabul 's population of two million to flee the area . Outside Kabul the central government 's authority all but disappears . Under the protection of Gen. Abdul Rashid Dostum , an Afghan Uzbek , Mazar-i-Sharif , the largest industrial complex in Afghanistan , enjoys relative stability . In Jalalabad local political groups and commanders cooperate to provide basic public services . In Kandahar local rivalries slow reconstruction . Herat is generally peaceful and secure and begins to reclaim its traditional role as commercial centre along trade routes with neighbouring Iran and Turkmenistan . International rivalries continue to agitate Afghanistan 's divided society . The country 's large Shi`ite minority and the 1.8 million Afghan refugees in neighbouring Iran automatically give Tehran a role in Afghan affairs . Saudi Arabia becomes involved by supporting factions it sees as a counterweight to Iranian influence . Pakistan 's role is even more crucial . Not only does Pakistan give refuge to 1.5 million Afghan refugees , but it is permanent home to a section of the Pashtun ethnic group , which traditionally plays a leading role in Afghan politics . India and China view the strengthening of Islamic fundamentalism in Afghanistan as a danger to their own authority in Kashmir and Sinkiang , respectively , while other countries throughout the world are concerned about terrorists trained by Afghanistan 's warring factions and the country 's expanding drug trafficking . Serious international attention to Afghanistan remains distracted , however , both by the apparent unwillingness of Afghan leaders to cooperate and by attention to international crises elsewhere . ", "Attribution of the 2008 Mumbai attacks was first made by the Indian authorities who said that the Mumbai attacks were directed by Lashkar-e-Taiba militants inside Pakistan . American intelligence agencies also agree with this attribution . Pakistan initially contested this attribution , but agreed this was the case on 7 January 2009 . To back up its accusations , the Indian government supplied a dossier to Pakistan 's high commission in Delhi . The Pakistan government dismissed the dossier as `` not evidence , '' but also announced that it had detained over a hundred members of Jamaat-ud-Dawa , a charity linked with Lashkar-e-Taiba . In February 2009 , Pakistan 's Interior Minister Rehman Malik agreed that `` some part of the conspiracy '' did take place in Pakistan . Moreover , Indian government officials have said that the attacks were so sophisticated that they must have had official backing from Pakistani `` agencies '' , an accusation denied by Pakistan . ", "The 2016 -- 17 unrest in Kashmir , also known as the Burhan aftermath , refers to a series of violent protests in the Muslim-majority Kashmir Valley in the Indian-administered state of Jammu and Kashmir . It started with the killing of Burhan Wani , a militant commander of the Kashmir-based Hizbul Mujahideen , by Indian security forces on 8 July 2016 . After his killing , anti-Indian protests started in all 10 districts of the Kashmir Valley . Protesters defied curfew with attacks on security forces and public properties . Curfew was imposed in all 10 districts of the valley on 15 July and mobile services were suspended by the government . Kashmir valley remained under 53 days of consecutive curfew which was lifted from all areas on 31 August , however was reimposed in some areas the next day . Jammu and Kashmir Police and Indian paramilitary forces used pellet guns , tear gas shells , rubber bullets , as well as assault rifles , resulting in the deaths of more than 90 civilians , with over 15,000 civilians injured . Two security personnel also died while over 4,000 personnel were injured in the riots . Some columnists including Prem Shankar Jha have termed the unrest as Kashmir 's Intifada . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Ann_Biderman", "Mierle_Laderman_Ukeles", "Adele_Chatfield-Taylor", "Donna_Redel", "Ann_Bancroft" ]

[ "Ann Biderman -LRB- born August 15 , 1951 -RRB- is an American film and television writer . She is the creator and executive producer of the NBC/TNT series Southland -LRB- 2009 -- 2013 -RRB- , and won an Emmy Award for Outstanding Individual Achievement in Writing in a Drama Series for an episode of NYPD Blue . She created , wrote , and produced '' Ray Donovan . ", "Mierle Laderman Ukeles -LRB- born 1939 , Denver , Colorado -RRB- is a New York City-based artist known for her feminist and service-oriented artwork , which relates the idea of process in conceptual art to domestic and civic `` maintenance '' . ", "Adele Chatfield-Taylor -LRB- born June 29 , 1945 -RRB- , a native of Virginia , is an American prominent arts administrator . She served as president and CEO of the American Academy in Rome from 1988 to 2013 . ", "Donna Redel is an American businesswoman and philanthropist . ", "Ann Bancroft -LRB- born September 29 , 1955 -RRB- is an American author , teacher , and adventurer . She was the first woman to successfully finish a number of arduous expeditions to the Arctic and Antarctic . She was inducted as honorary member of the National Women 's Hall of Fame in 1995 . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Richard_Fortus", "Use_Your_Illusion_II", "Guns_N'_Roses", "Axl_Rose", "Use_Your_Illusion_I" ]

[ "Richard Fortus -LRB- born November 17 , 1966 -RRB- is an American guitarist . He is best known as a member of the hard rock band Guns N ' Roses , with whom he has been a member since 2002 , and with whom he has recorded one studio album . Fortus has also collaborated extensively with The Psychedelic Furs frontman Richard Butler and fellow Guns N ' Roses bandmate Frank Ferrer . Alongside his work in Guns N ' Roses , Fortus is a former member of Love Spit Love , Thin Lizzy and the Dead Daisies . ", "Use Your Illusion II is the fourth studio album by the American hard rock band Guns N ' Roses . The album was released on September 17 , 1991 , the same day as its counterpart album Use Your Illusion I. Both of the albums were released in conjunction with the Use Your Illusion Tour . Bolstered by the lead single `` You Could Be Mine , '' Use Your Illusion II was the slightly more popular of the two albums , selling 770,000 copies its first week and debuting at No. 1 on the U.S. charts , ahead of Use Your Illusion I '' 's first week sales of 685,000 . As of 2010 , Use Your Illusion II '' has sold 5,587,000 units in the U.S. , according to Nielsen SoundScan . Both albums have since been certified 7 × Platinum by the RIAA . It was also No. 1 on the UK Albums Chart for a single week . It is the last Guns N ' Roses album to feature rhythm guitarist Izzy Stradlin . It also included the last Guns N ' Roses song to feature drummer Steven Adler , who played on `` Civil War . '' ", "Guns N ' Roses , often abbreviated as GnR , is an American hard rock band from Los Angeles formed in 1985 . The lineup , when first signed to Geffen Records in 1986 , consisted of vocalist Axl Rose , lead guitarist Slash , rhythm guitarist Izzy Stradlin , bassist Duff McKagan , and drummer Steven Adler . Guns N ' Roses have released six studio albums , accumulating sales of more than 100 million records worldwide , including shipments of 45 million in the United States , making them one of the world 's best-selling bands of all time . Guns N ' Roses ' debut album , Appetite for Destruction -LRB- 1987 -RRB- , reached number one on the Billboard 200 a year after its release , on the strength of `` Sweet Child o ' Mine '' , the band 's only single to reach number one on the Billboard Hot 100 . The album has sold approximately 30 million copies worldwide , including 18 million units in the United States , making it the best-selling debut album of all time in the US , as well as the eleventh best-selling album in the United States . The success of the debut was followed by the eight-song album G N ' R Lies -LRB- 1988 -RRB- which reached number two on the Billboard 200 . The twin albums Use Your Illusion I and Use Your Illusion II -LRB- 1991 -RRB- debuted at number two and number one on the Billboard 200 respectively and have sold a combined 35 million copies worldwide , including 14 million units in the United States . The cover album `` The Spaghetti Incident ? '' -LRB- 1993 -RRB- was the band 's last studio album to feature Slash and McKagan . After more than a decade of work and several lineup changes , Guns N ' Roses released the long-awaited album Chinese Democracy -LRB- 2008 -RRB- which , at an estimated $ 14 million in production costs , is the most expensive rock album to ever be produced in music history . It debuted at number three on the Billboard 200 but undersold industry expectations , despite mostly positive critical reception . Former members Slash and McKagan both rejoined the band in 2016 , embarking on the Not in This Lifetime ... Tour . Guns N ' Roses has been credited with reviving the mainstream popularity of rock 'n' roll , at a time when popular music was dominated by dance music and glam metal . Its late 1980s and early 1990s years have been described as the period in which the group brought forth a `` hedonistic rebelliousness '' reminiscent of the early Rolling Stones , a reputation that had earned the group the nickname `` the most dangerous band in the world '' . The band 's classic lineup , along with later members keyboardist Dizzy Reed and drummer Matt Sorum , was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2012 in its first year of eligibility . The band 's membership has changed many times since the early 1990 's , with Rose and keyboardist Dizzy Reed as the only two constant members since 1990 . The current lineup consists of Rose , Slash , McKagan , Reed , guitarist Richard Fortus , drummer Frank Ferrer and keyboardist Melissa Reese . ", "W. Axl Rose -LRB- born William Bruce Rose Jr. ; raised as William Bruce Bailey ; February 6 , 1962 -RRB- is an American singer , songwriter , record producer and musician . He is the lead vocalist of the hard rock band Guns N ' Roses , and has also been the band 's sole constant member since its inception in 1985 . In addition to Guns N ' Roses , he is also the current lead singer of AC/DC since 2016 . Due to his powerful and wide vocal range and energetic live performances , Rose has been named one of the greatest singers of all time by various media outlets , including Rolling Stone and NME . Born and raised in Lafayette , Indiana , Rose moved to Los Angeles in the early 1980s , where he became active in the local hard rock scene and joined several bands , including Hollywood Rose and L.A. Guns . In 1985 , he co-founded Guns N ' Roses , with whom he had great success and recognition in the late 1980s and early 1990s . Their first album , Appetite for Destruction -LRB- 1987 -RRB- , has sold in excess of 30 million copies worldwide , and is one of the best-selling debut albums of all time in the U.S. with 18 million units sold . Its full-length follow-ups , the twin albums Use Your Illusion I and Use Your Illusion II -LRB- 1991 -RRB- , were also widely successful ; they respectively debuted at No. 2 and No. 1 on the Billboard 200 and have sold a combined 35 million copies worldwide . After 1994 , following the conclusion of their two-and-a-half-year Use Your Illusion Tour , Rose disappeared from public life for several years , while the band disintegrated due to personal and musical differences . As its sole remaining original member , he was able to continue working under the Guns N ' Roses banner because he had legally obtained the band name . In 2001 , he resurfaced with a new line-up of Guns N ' Roses at Rock in Rio 3 , and subsequently played periodic concert tours to promote the long-delayed Chinese Democracy -LRB- 2008 -RRB- , which undersold the music industry 's commercial expectations despite positive reviews upon its release . In 2012 , Rose was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of Guns N ' Roses , though he declined to attend the event and requested exclusion from the Hall . In 2016 , Rose partially reunited the ` classic ' lineup of Guns N ' Roses and has since toured the world as part of the Not In This Lifetime ... Tour . ", "Use Your Illusion I is the third studio album by American rock band Guns N ' Roses . It was released on September 17 , 1991 , the same day as its counterpart album Use Your Illusion II . Both albums were released in conjunction with the Use Your Illusion Tour . The album debuted at No. 2 on the Billboard charts , selling 685,000 copies in its first week , behind Use Your Illusion II '' 's first week sales of 770,000 . Use Your Illusion I has sold 5,502,000 units in the U.S. as of 2010 , according to Nielsen SoundScan . Each of the Use Your Illusion '' albums have been certified 7 × Platinum by the RIAA . It was nominated for a Grammy Award in 1992 . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Selma_to_Montgomery_marches", "James_Karales", "Albert_J._Lingo", "Colored_National_Convention_of_1855", "Selma_Cloverleafs" ]

[ "The Selma to Montgomery marches were three protest marches , held in 1965 , along the 54-mile -LRB- 87 km -RRB- highway from Selma , Alabama to the state capital of Montgomery . The marches were organized by nonviolent activists to demonstrate the desire of African-American citizens to exercise their constitutional right to vote , in defiance of segregationist repression , and were part of a broader voting rights movement underway in Selma and throughout the American South . By highlighting racial injustice , they contributed to passage that year of the Voting Rights Act , a landmark federal achievement of the Civil Rights Movement . Southern state legislatures had passed and maintained a series of discriminatory requirements and practices that had disenfranchised most of the millions of African Americans across the South throughout the 20th century . The African-American group known as the Dallas County Voters League -LRB- DCVL -RRB- launched a voters registration campaign in Selma in 1963 . Joined by organizers from the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee -LRB- SNCC -RRB- , they began working that year in a renewed effort to register black voters . Finding resistance by white officials to be intractable , even after the Civil Rights Act of 1964 ended legal segregation , the DCVL invited Rev. Martin Luther King , Jr. and the activists of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference -LRB- SCLC -RRB- to join them . SCLC brought many prominent civil rights and civic leaders to Selma in January 1965 . Local and regional protests began , with 3,000 people arrested by the end of February . According to Joseph A. Califano Jr. , who served as head of domestic affairs for U.S. President Lyndon Johnson between the years 1965 and 1969 , the President viewed King as an essential partner in getting the Voting Rights Act enacted . Califano , whom the President also assigned to monitor the final march to Montgomery , noted that Johnson and King talked by telephone on January 15 to plan a strategy for drawing attention to the injustice of using literacy tests and other barriers to stop black Southerners from voting and that King later informed the President on February 9 of his decision to use Selma to achieve this objective . On February 26 , 1965 , activist and deacon Jimmie Lee Jackson died after being mortally shot several days earlier by a state trooper , James Bonard Fowler , during a peaceful march in nearby Marion , Alabama . To defuse and refocus the community 's outrage , SCLC Director of Direct Action James Bevel , who was directing SCLC 's Selma voting rights movement , called for a march of dramatic length , from Selma to the state capital of Montgomery . Bevel had been working on his Alabama Project for voting rights since late 1963 . The first march took place on March 7 , 1965 , organized locally by Bevel , Amelia Boynton , and others . State troopers and county possemen attacked the unarmed marchers with billy clubs and tear gas after they passed over the county line , and the event became known as Bloody Sunday . Law enforcement beat Boynton unconscious , and the media publicized worldwide a picture of her lying wounded on the Edmund Pettus Bridge . The second march took place March 10 . Troopers , police , and marchers confronted each other at the county end of the bridge , but when the troopers stepped aside to let them pass , King led the marchers back to the church . He was obeying a federal injunction while seeking protection from federal court for the march . That night , a white group beat and murdered civil rights activist James Reeb , a Unitarian Universalist minister from Boston , who had come to Selma to march with the second group . Many other clergy and sympathizers from across the country also gathered for the second march . The violence of the `` Bloody Sunday '' and of Reeb 's death led to a national outcry and some acts of civil disobedience , targeting both the Alabama and federal governments . The protesters demanded protection for the Selma marchers and a new federal voting rights law to enable African Americans to register and vote without harassment . President Lyndon Johnson , whose administration had been working on a voting rights law , held a historic , nationally televised joint session of Congress on March 15 to ask for the bill 's introduction and passage . With Governor Wallace refusing to protect the marchers , President Johnson committed to do so . The third march started March 21 . Protected by 1,900 members of the Alabama National Guard under federal command , and many FBI agents and Federal Marshals , the marchers averaged 10 miles -LRB- 16 km -RRB- a day along U.S. Route 80 , known in Alabama as the `` Jefferson Davis Highway '' . The marchers arrived in Montgomery on March 24 and at the Alabama State Capitol on March 25 . With thousands having joined the campaign , 25,000 people entered the capital city that day in support of voting rights . The route is memorialized as the `` Selma To Montgomery Voting Rights Trail , '' and is designated as a U.S. National Historic Trail . ", "James H. Karales -LRB- July 15 , 1930 , Canton , Ohio -- April 1 , 2002 , Croton-on-Hudson , N.Y. -RRB- was a photographer and photo-essayist best known for his work with Look magazine from 1960 to 1971 . At Look he covered the Civil Rights Movement throughout its duration , taking many of the movements memorable photographs , including those of the formation of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee -LRB- SNCC -RRB- and of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and his family . Karales 's single best known image is the iconic photograph of the Selma to Montgomery march showing people proudly marching along the highway under a cloudy turbulent sky . ", "Colonel Albert J. Lingo , also known as Al Lingo -LRB- January 22 , 1910 - August 19 , 1969 -RRB- was a career Alabama Highway Patrolman who served as Director of the Alabama Department of Public Safety from 1963 to 1965 , including the turbulent early 1960s years marked by marches and demonstrations that characterized the Civil Rights Movement in the U.S. South . Lingo 's service under Alabama governor George Wallace with regard to the Selma to Montgomery marches has been characterized in a negative light , though Lingo himself disputed that characterization , stating that he was following orders from the governor as required by his oath of office and that he originally wanted to allow the marchers to continue their march . He resigned as director effective October 1 , 1965 , and later ran for election to be sheriff of Jefferson County , Alabama ; he died at age 59 on August 17 , 1969 . ", "The Colored National Convention of 1855 was held at Franklin Hall in Philadelphia on October 16 , 17 , and 18 . It consisted of delegates from Massachusetts , Rhode Island , Connecticut , New York , Pennsylvania , New Jersey , and Canada . The delegates ranged from famous African Americans like Frederick Douglass and Mary Ann Shadd to unknowns like Rachel Cliff . There were a handful of female delegates in attendance , although their numbers were incomparable to the amount of males . Nonetheless , their presence was striking in an age when women 's rights had barely begun to be realized . In addition , the female delegates ' husbands were not invited to the convention ; such independence makes the women 's presence still more remarkable . The main theme of the convention was economic and social liberty for free African Americans . The delegates recognized that while the abolition of slavery was an important issue , it would be useless if the racial prejudice that had grown up in the North was allowed to persist . Therefore , they discussed ways to help African Americans become economically independent , in order to gain the respect of whites . First , they brought up the creation of an industrial school for free blacks , but dismissed the idea as being inefficient and costly . Then , they continued to discuss the many merits of apprenticeships , and throughout the convention minutes , there is an emphasis on education , specifically in the area of mechanical trades . Overall , the convention provides a hopeful message that by increasing the availability of knowledge and opportunities for young , free African Americans , a better reward could await those still suffering under the yoke of slavery upon the advent of their freedom . ", "The Selma Cloverleafs were a baseball team based in Selma , Alabama . The original Cloverleafs played in the Southeastern League and Alabama -- Florida League at various times between 1928 -- 1962 . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "The_Punisher_-LRB-TV_series-RRB-", "The_Punisher_-LRB-1987_series-RRB-", "Daredevil_-LRB-TV_series-RRB-", "Glossip_v._Gross", "Michael_Woodmansee" ]

[ "Marvel 's The Punisher , or simply The Punisher , is an upcoming American web television series created for Netflix by Steve Lightfoot , based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name . It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe -LRB- MCU -RRB- , sharing continuity with the films and other television series of the franchise , and is a spin-off of Marvel 's Daredevil . The series is produced by Marvel Television in association with ABC Studios , with Lightfoot serving as showrunner . The series revolves around Frank Castle , who uses lethal methods to fight crime as the vigilante `` the Punisher '' , with Jon Bernthal reprising the role from Daredevil . Ben Barnes , Ebon Moss-Bachrach , Amber Rose Revah , Deborah Ann Woll , Daniel Webber , Jason R. Moore , Paul Schulze , Jaime Ray Newman , and Michael Nathanson also star . A television series centered on the Punisher received a put-pilot commitment at Fox in 2011 , but that project fell through . In June 2015 , Bernthal was cast as the character to appear in the second season of Daredevil . Development on a spin-off titled The Punisher began by January 2016 , before the second season of Daredevil was released . In April 2016 , Marvel and Netflix ordered the series , confirmed Bernthal 's involvement , and announced Lightfoot as executive producer and showrunner . Filming began in New York City in October 2016 , and concluded in April 2017 . The Punisher is scheduled to be released in 2017 . ", "The Punisher vol . 2 is the first ongoing comic book series starring the fictional Marvel Comics vigilante The Punisher , following a limited series published the previous year . The series ran 104 issues from July 1987 to July 1995 . ", "Marvel 's Daredevil , or simply Daredevil , is an American web television series created for Netflix by Drew Goddard , based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name . It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe -LRB- MCU -RRB- , sharing continuity with the films of the franchise , and is the first in a series of shows that will lead up to The Defenders crossover miniseries . The series is produced by Marvel Television in association with ABC Studios and Goddard Textiles , with DeKnight Productions for the first season . Steven S. DeKnight serves as showrunner on the first season , with Doug Petrie and Marco Ramirez taking over for the second ; Goddard serves as a consultant on both seasons . Charlie Cox stars as Matt Murdock / Daredevil , a blind lawyer-by-day who fights crime at night . Daredevil entered development in late 2013 , a year after the film rights to the character reverted to Marvel , with Goddard initially hired in December 2013 . DeKnight replaced him as showrunner and Cox was hired to star in May 2014 , with Deborah Ann Woll , Elden Henson , Rosario Dawson , and Vincent D'Onofrio also starring . Additional season one stars include Toby Leonard Moore , Vondie Curtis-Hall , Bob Gunton , and Ayelet Zurer , while Jon Bernthal , Élodie Yung , and Stephen Rider join the cast for season two . Filming takes place in New York City , in areas that still look like the old Hell 's Kitchen . All episodes of the first season were released on Netflix on April 10 , 2015 , while the second season was released in its entirety on March 18 , 2016 . In July 2016 , the series was renewed for a third season . A spin-off series , centered on Bernthal 's character Frank Castle / Punisher and titled Marvel 's The Punisher , was ordered by Netflix in April 2016 . ", "Glossip v. Gross , was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held 5-4 that lethal injections using midazolam do not constitute cruel and unusual punishment under the Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution . The Court found that condemned prisoners can only challenge their method of execution after providing a known and available alternative method . ", "Michael Woodmansee is an American child murderer . He was a sixteen-year-old junior at South Kingstown High School in the state of Rhode Island in 1975 when he murdered Jason Foreman , a five-year-old who lived nearby , in South Kingstown , Rhode Island . He was not convicted of the murder until 1983 , when he confessed to the crime upon questioning about the attempted strangulation of another child . He was a large boy and preferred to spend most of his time alone . He lived with his father Franklin Woodmansee , a police reservist , on Schaeffer Street in the village of Peacedale . " ]

[ 1, 0, 1, 0, 1 ]

[ "Emperor_Norton", "The_Crossroads_of_Time", "The_White_Doe_of_Rylstone", "Paul_Norton_-LRB-rugby_league-RRB-", "L'Empereur_Smith" ]

[ "Joshua Abraham Norton -LRB- 1818 -- January 8 , 1880 -RRB- , known as Emperor Norton , was a citizen of San Francisco , California , who in 1859 proclaimed himself `` Norton I , Emperor of the United States '' and subsequently `` Protector of Mexico '' . Born in England , Norton spent most of his early life in South Africa . After the death of his mother in 1846 and his father in 1848 , he sailed west , arriving in San Francisco possibly in November 1849 . Norton initially made a living as a businessman , but he lost his fortune investing in Peruvian rice . After losing a lawsuit in which he tried to void his rice contract , Norton 's public prominence faded . He reemerged in September 1859 , laying claim to the position of Emperor of the United States . Although he had no political power , and his influence extended only so far as he was humored by those around him , he was treated deferentially in San Francisco , and currency issued in his name was honored in the establishments he frequented . Though some considered him insane or eccentric , citizens of San Francisco celebrated his regal presence and his proclamations , such as his order that the United States Congress be dissolved by force and his numerous decrees calling for a bridge crossing connecting San Francisco to Oakland , and a corresponding tunnel to be built under San Francisco Bay . Long after his death , similar structures were built in the form of the San Francisco -- Oakland Bay Bridge and the Transbay Tube , and there have been campaigns to rename the bridge `` The Emperor Norton Bridge '' . On January 8 , 1880 , Norton collapsed at the corner of California and Dupont -LRB- now Grant -RRB- streets and died before he could be given medical treatment . At his funeral two days later , nearly 30,000 people packed the streets of San Francisco to pay homage . Norton has been immortalized as the basis of characters in the literature of writers Mark Twain , Robert Louis Stevenson , Christopher Moore , Morris and Goscinny , Selma Lagerlöf , and Neil Gaiman . ", "The Crossroads of Time is a science fiction novel by American writer Andre Norton , first published in 1956 by Ace Books as one of their double novels . The story takes its protagonist through several versions of Earth as it might have been if history had gone a little differently . The book has been translated into Spanish , Italian , and German . ", "The White Doe of Rylstone ; or , The Fate of the Nortons is a long narrative poem by William Wordsworth , written initially in 1807-08 , but not finally revised and published until 1815 . It is set during the Rising of the North in 1569 , and combines historical and legendary subject-matter . It has attracted praise from some critics , but has never been one of Wordsworth 's more popular poems . ", "Paul Norton is a professional rugby league footballer of the 1970s , and 1980s , playing at representative level for Yorkshire , and at club level for Castleford , playing as a , or , i.e. number 11 or 12 , or 13 , during the era of contested scrums . ", "L'Empereur Smith is a Lucky Luke adventure written by Goscinny and illustrated by Morris . It is the forty fifth book in the series and It was originally published in French in the year 1976 . The story is loosely based on the life of the historical Emperor Norton of San Francisco . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Emperor_Norton", "The_Crossroads_of_Time", "The_White_Doe_of_Rylstone", "Paul_Norton_-LRB-rugby_league-RRB-", "L'Empereur_Smith" ]

[ "Joshua Abraham Norton -LRB- 1818 -- January 8 , 1880 -RRB- , known as Emperor Norton , was a citizen of San Francisco , California , who in 1859 proclaimed himself `` Norton I , Emperor of the United States '' and subsequently `` Protector of Mexico '' . Born in England , Norton spent most of his early life in South Africa . After the death of his mother in 1846 and his father in 1848 , he sailed west , arriving in San Francisco possibly in November 1849 . Norton initially made a living as a businessman , but he lost his fortune investing in Peruvian rice . After losing a lawsuit in which he tried to void his rice contract , Norton 's public prominence faded . He reemerged in September 1859 , laying claim to the position of Emperor of the United States . Although he had no political power , and his influence extended only so far as he was humored by those around him , he was treated deferentially in San Francisco , and currency issued in his name was honored in the establishments he frequented . Though some considered him insane or eccentric , citizens of San Francisco celebrated his regal presence and his proclamations , such as his order that the United States Congress be dissolved by force and his numerous decrees calling for a bridge crossing connecting San Francisco to Oakland , and a corresponding tunnel to be built under San Francisco Bay . Long after his death , similar structures were built in the form of the San Francisco -- Oakland Bay Bridge and the Transbay Tube , and there have been campaigns to rename the bridge `` The Emperor Norton Bridge '' . On January 8 , 1880 , Norton collapsed at the corner of California and Dupont -LRB- now Grant -RRB- streets and died before he could be given medical treatment . At his funeral two days later , nearly 30,000 people packed the streets of San Francisco to pay homage . Norton has been immortalized as the basis of characters in the literature of writers Mark Twain , Robert Louis Stevenson , Christopher Moore , Morris and Goscinny , Selma Lagerlöf , and Neil Gaiman . ", "The Crossroads of Time is a science fiction novel by American writer Andre Norton , first published in 1956 by Ace Books as one of their double novels . The story takes its protagonist through several versions of Earth as it might have been if history had gone a little differently . The book has been translated into Spanish , Italian , and German . ", "The White Doe of Rylstone ; or , The Fate of the Nortons is a long narrative poem by William Wordsworth , written initially in 1807-08 , but not finally revised and published until 1815 . It is set during the Rising of the North in 1569 , and combines historical and legendary subject-matter . It has attracted praise from some critics , but has never been one of Wordsworth 's more popular poems . ", "Paul Norton is a professional rugby league footballer of the 1970s , and 1980s , playing at representative level for Yorkshire , and at club level for Castleford , playing as a , or , i.e. number 11 or 12 , or 13 , during the era of contested scrums . ", "L'Empereur Smith is a Lucky Luke adventure written by Goscinny and illustrated by Morris . It is the forty fifth book in the series and It was originally published in French in the year 1976 . The story is loosely based on the life of the historical Emperor Norton of San Francisco . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Emperor_Norton", "The_Crossroads_of_Time", "The_White_Doe_of_Rylstone", "Paul_Norton_-LRB-rugby_league-RRB-", "L'Empereur_Smith" ]

[ "Joshua Abraham Norton -LRB- 1818 -- January 8 , 1880 -RRB- , known as Emperor Norton , was a citizen of San Francisco , California , who in 1859 proclaimed himself `` Norton I , Emperor of the United States '' and subsequently `` Protector of Mexico '' . Born in England , Norton spent most of his early life in South Africa . After the death of his mother in 1846 and his father in 1848 , he sailed west , arriving in San Francisco possibly in November 1849 . Norton initially made a living as a businessman , but he lost his fortune investing in Peruvian rice . After losing a lawsuit in which he tried to void his rice contract , Norton 's public prominence faded . He reemerged in September 1859 , laying claim to the position of Emperor of the United States . Although he had no political power , and his influence extended only so far as he was humored by those around him , he was treated deferentially in San Francisco , and currency issued in his name was honored in the establishments he frequented . Though some considered him insane or eccentric , citizens of San Francisco celebrated his regal presence and his proclamations , such as his order that the United States Congress be dissolved by force and his numerous decrees calling for a bridge crossing connecting San Francisco to Oakland , and a corresponding tunnel to be built under San Francisco Bay . Long after his death , similar structures were built in the form of the San Francisco -- Oakland Bay Bridge and the Transbay Tube , and there have been campaigns to rename the bridge `` The Emperor Norton Bridge '' . On January 8 , 1880 , Norton collapsed at the corner of California and Dupont -LRB- now Grant -RRB- streets and died before he could be given medical treatment . At his funeral two days later , nearly 30,000 people packed the streets of San Francisco to pay homage . Norton has been immortalized as the basis of characters in the literature of writers Mark Twain , Robert Louis Stevenson , Christopher Moore , Morris and Goscinny , Selma Lagerlöf , and Neil Gaiman . ", "The Crossroads of Time is a science fiction novel by American writer Andre Norton , first published in 1956 by Ace Books as one of their double novels . The story takes its protagonist through several versions of Earth as it might have been if history had gone a little differently . The book has been translated into Spanish , Italian , and German . ", "The White Doe of Rylstone ; or , The Fate of the Nortons is a long narrative poem by William Wordsworth , written initially in 1807-08 , but not finally revised and published until 1815 . It is set during the Rising of the North in 1569 , and combines historical and legendary subject-matter . It has attracted praise from some critics , but has never been one of Wordsworth 's more popular poems . ", "Paul Norton is a professional rugby league footballer of the 1970s , and 1980s , playing at representative level for Yorkshire , and at club level for Castleford , playing as a , or , i.e. number 11 or 12 , or 13 , during the era of contested scrums . ", "L'Empereur Smith is a Lucky Luke adventure written by Goscinny and illustrated by Morris . It is the forty fifth book in the series and It was originally published in French in the year 1976 . The story is loosely based on the life of the historical Emperor Norton of San Francisco . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Emperor_Norton", "The_Crossroads_of_Time", "The_White_Doe_of_Rylstone", "Paul_Norton_-LRB-rugby_league-RRB-", "L'Empereur_Smith" ]

[ "Joshua Abraham Norton -LRB- 1818 -- January 8 , 1880 -RRB- , known as Emperor Norton , was a citizen of San Francisco , California , who in 1859 proclaimed himself `` Norton I , Emperor of the United States '' and subsequently `` Protector of Mexico '' . Born in England , Norton spent most of his early life in South Africa . After the death of his mother in 1846 and his father in 1848 , he sailed west , arriving in San Francisco possibly in November 1849 . Norton initially made a living as a businessman , but he lost his fortune investing in Peruvian rice . After losing a lawsuit in which he tried to void his rice contract , Norton 's public prominence faded . He reemerged in September 1859 , laying claim to the position of Emperor of the United States . Although he had no political power , and his influence extended only so far as he was humored by those around him , he was treated deferentially in San Francisco , and currency issued in his name was honored in the establishments he frequented . Though some considered him insane or eccentric , citizens of San Francisco celebrated his regal presence and his proclamations , such as his order that the United States Congress be dissolved by force and his numerous decrees calling for a bridge crossing connecting San Francisco to Oakland , and a corresponding tunnel to be built under San Francisco Bay . Long after his death , similar structures were built in the form of the San Francisco -- Oakland Bay Bridge and the Transbay Tube , and there have been campaigns to rename the bridge `` The Emperor Norton Bridge '' . On January 8 , 1880 , Norton collapsed at the corner of California and Dupont -LRB- now Grant -RRB- streets and died before he could be given medical treatment . At his funeral two days later , nearly 30,000 people packed the streets of San Francisco to pay homage . Norton has been immortalized as the basis of characters in the literature of writers Mark Twain , Robert Louis Stevenson , Christopher Moore , Morris and Goscinny , Selma Lagerlöf , and Neil Gaiman . ", "The Crossroads of Time is a science fiction novel by American writer Andre Norton , first published in 1956 by Ace Books as one of their double novels . The story takes its protagonist through several versions of Earth as it might have been if history had gone a little differently . The book has been translated into Spanish , Italian , and German . ", "The White Doe of Rylstone ; or , The Fate of the Nortons is a long narrative poem by William Wordsworth , written initially in 1807-08 , but not finally revised and published until 1815 . It is set during the Rising of the North in 1569 , and combines historical and legendary subject-matter . It has attracted praise from some critics , but has never been one of Wordsworth 's more popular poems . ", "Paul Norton is a professional rugby league footballer of the 1970s , and 1980s , playing at representative level for Yorkshire , and at club level for Castleford , playing as a , or , i.e. number 11 or 12 , or 13 , during the era of contested scrums . ", "L'Empereur Smith is a Lucky Luke adventure written by Goscinny and illustrated by Morris . It is the forty fifth book in the series and It was originally published in French in the year 1976 . The story is loosely based on the life of the historical Emperor Norton of San Francisco . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Mihail_Apostolov_-LRB-fighter-RRB-", "Women's_Low-Kick_at_W.A.K.O_European_Championships_2004_Budva_-52_kg", "Helena_Buczyńska", "Boxing_Helena", "Venelin_Venkov" ]

[ "Mihail Apostolov is a Bulgarian mixed martial artist who competed in the heavyweight division . One round eye MMA Rings Russia was held in Ekaterinburg . He lost in the Submission -LRB- Rear-Naked Choke -RRB- at 1R 1:03 to Fedor Emelianenko . ", "The women 's lightweight -LRB- 52 kg/114 .4 lbs -RRB- Low-Kick division at the W.A.K.O. European Championships 2004 in Budva was the second lightest of the female Low-Kick tournaments and involved just three fighters . Each of the matches was three rounds of two minutes each and were fought under Low-Kick kickboxing rules . As there were not enough contestants for a tournament designed for four , one of the women received a bye through to the final . The gold medal was won by Russian Maria Krivoshapkina who defeated Italian Rita De Angelis by split decision . Hungary 's Reka Krempf picked up a bronze medal . ", "Helena Buczyńska -LRB- 1894 in Shchigry , Kursk Governorate -- 1957 -RRB- was a Polish actress . ", "Boxing Helena is a 1993 American romantic mystery thriller film with horror elements directed by Jennifer Lynch , and starring Sherilyn Fenn , Julian Sands , and Bill Paxton . The plot follows a surgeon whose growing obsession with a woman leads him to amputate her limbs and hold her captive in his home after she suffers a car accident . The film garnered notoriety prior to its release after protracted legal battles with Madonna and Kim Basinger , both of whom backed out of the leading role of Helena . It debuted at the Sundance Film Festival in January 1993 , where it received critical praise . After receiving an NC-17 rating by the MPAA , the film was given an R-rating on appeal and released in the United States in September 1993 , but received critical backlash and was a financial failure . ", "Venelin Venkov -LRB- Венелин Венков born April 21 , 1982 in Oryahovo , Vratsa -RRB- is an amateur Bulgarian Greco-Roman wrestler , who played for the men 's featherweight category . He won a silver medal for his division at the 2006 European Wrestling Championships in Moscow , Russia , losing out to Armenia 's Roman Amoyan . He is also a member of Slavia Litex Wrestling Club in Sofia , and is coached and trained by Bratan Tzenov . Venkov represented Bulgaria at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing , where he competed for the men 's 55 kg class . Unfortunately , he lost the qualifying round match by a fall -LRB- a score of 0 -- 5 -RRB- to Iran 's Hamid Sourian . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "Mihail_Apostolov_-LRB-fighter-RRB-", "Women's_Low-Kick_at_W.A.K.O_European_Championships_2004_Budva_-52_kg", "Helena_Buczyńska", "Boxing_Helena", "Venelin_Venkov" ]

[ "Mihail Apostolov is a Bulgarian mixed martial artist who competed in the heavyweight division . One round eye MMA Rings Russia was held in Ekaterinburg . He lost in the Submission -LRB- Rear-Naked Choke -RRB- at 1R 1:03 to Fedor Emelianenko . ", "The women 's lightweight -LRB- 52 kg/114 .4 lbs -RRB- Low-Kick division at the W.A.K.O. European Championships 2004 in Budva was the second lightest of the female Low-Kick tournaments and involved just three fighters . Each of the matches was three rounds of two minutes each and were fought under Low-Kick kickboxing rules . As there were not enough contestants for a tournament designed for four , one of the women received a bye through to the final . The gold medal was won by Russian Maria Krivoshapkina who defeated Italian Rita De Angelis by split decision . Hungary 's Reka Krempf picked up a bronze medal . ", "Helena Buczyńska -LRB- 1894 in Shchigry , Kursk Governorate -- 1957 -RRB- was a Polish actress . ", "Boxing Helena is a 1993 American romantic mystery thriller film with horror elements directed by Jennifer Lynch , and starring Sherilyn Fenn , Julian Sands , and Bill Paxton . The plot follows a surgeon whose growing obsession with a woman leads him to amputate her limbs and hold her captive in his home after she suffers a car accident . The film garnered notoriety prior to its release after protracted legal battles with Madonna and Kim Basinger , both of whom backed out of the leading role of Helena . It debuted at the Sundance Film Festival in January 1993 , where it received critical praise . After receiving an NC-17 rating by the MPAA , the film was given an R-rating on appeal and released in the United States in September 1993 , but received critical backlash and was a financial failure . ", "Venelin Venkov -LRB- Венелин Венков born April 21 , 1982 in Oryahovo , Vratsa -RRB- is an amateur Bulgarian Greco-Roman wrestler , who played for the men 's featherweight category . He won a silver medal for his division at the 2006 European Wrestling Championships in Moscow , Russia , losing out to Armenia 's Roman Amoyan . He is also a member of Slavia Litex Wrestling Club in Sofia , and is coached and trained by Bratan Tzenov . Venkov represented Bulgaria at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing , where he competed for the men 's 55 kg class . Unfortunately , he lost the qualifying round match by a fall -LRB- a score of 0 -- 5 -RRB- to Iran 's Hamid Sourian . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "Elizabeth_Olsen", "Ann_Biderman", "Kara_DioGuardi", "Josann_McGibbon", "Elizabeth_Norberg-Schulz" ]

[ "Elizabeth Chase `` Lizzie '' Olsen -LRB- born February 16 , 1989 -RRB- is an American actress . She is known for her roles in the films Silent House -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , Liberal Arts -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , Godzilla -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , Avengers : Age of Ultron -LRB- 2015 -RRB- and Captain America : Civil War -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . For her role in the critically acclaimed Martha Marcy May Marlene -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , she was nominated for numerous awards including the Independent Spirit Award for Best Female Lead . She is the younger sister of actresses and fashion designers Mary-Kate Olsen and Ashley Olsen . ", "Ann Biderman -LRB- born August 15 , 1951 -RRB- is an American film and television writer . She is the creator and executive producer of the NBC/TNT series Southland -LRB- 2009 -- 2013 -RRB- , and won an Emmy Award for Outstanding Individual Achievement in Writing in a Drama Series for an episode of NYPD Blue . She created , wrote , and produced '' Ray Donovan . ", "Kara Elizabeth DioGuardi -LRB- -LSB- ˈkærə_diːoʊ-ˈɡwɑːrdi -RSB- born December 9 , 1970 -RRB- is an American singer-songwriter , record producer , music publisher , A&R executive , composer and TV personality . She writes music primarily in the pop rock genre . DioGuardi has worked with many popular artists ; sales of albums on which her songs appear exceed 160 million worldwide . DioGuardi is a Grammy and Emmy-nominated writer . She 's a 2011 NAMM Music For Life Award winner , 2009 NMPA Songwriter Icon Award winner , 2007 BMI Pop Songwriter of the Year , and has received 20 BMI Awards for co-writing the most performed songs on the radio . DioGuardi served as a judge on American Idol for its eighth and ninth seasons . In 2008 , she was appointed to the position of executive vice president of talent development at Warner Bros. . Records , and has signed acts such as Jason Derülo and Iyaz . In 2011 , she was a head judge on the Bravo singer-songwriter competition series Platinum Hit . ", "Josann McGibbon is an American screenwriter working in partnership with Sara Parriott . The team 's first major success as a screenwriter was the early Brad Pitt film , The Favor . Their biggest hits since then include Three Men and a Little Lady and Runaway Bride . In 2007 , McGibbon and Parriott co-wrote and produced the hit Debra Messing miniseries , The Starter Wife . The Starter Wife received 10 Emmy nominations in 2007 , including for best screenwriting , and won one Emmy Award . It was also nominated for Golden Globe and Writers Guild awards , and was then produced as a series , also on USA Network . McGibbon and Parriott wrote and co-produced the Disney Channel movie , Descendants which was directed by Kenny Ortega and premiered in July , 2015 . On February , 2013 , it won the Writers Guild of America Award in television for Outstanding Children 's Long Form . ", "Elizabeth Norberg-Schulz -LRB- born 27 January 1959 , Oslo -RRB- is a Norwegian/Italian operatic soprano . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Brazilian_jiu-jitsu", "Oswaldo_Fadda", "Eskrido", "Fight_For_Peace", "Marcus_Aurélio" ]

[ "Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu -LRB- -LSB- dʒuːˈdʒɪtsuː -RSB- -LSB- ˈʒiw ˈʒitsu -RSB- , -LSB- ˈʒu ˈʒitsu -RSB- , -LSB- dʒiˈu dʒiˈtsu -RSB- -RRB- -LRB- BJJ ; jiu-jitsu brasileiro -RRB- is a martial art , combat sport system that focuses on grappling and especially ground fighting . Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu was formed from Kodokan judo ground fighting -LRB- newaza -RRB- fundamentals that were taught by a number of individuals including Takeo Yano , Mitsuyo Maeda and Soshihiro Satake . Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu eventually came to be its own art through the experiments , practices , and adaptation of judo through Carlos and Helio Gracie -LRB- who passed their knowledge on to their extended family -RRB- as well as other instructors who were students of Maeda , such as Luiz Franca . BJJ promotes the concept that a smaller , weaker person can successfully defend against a bigger , stronger , heavier assailant by using proper technique , leverage , and most notably , taking the fight to the ground , and then applying joint-locks and chokeholds to defeat the opponent . BJJ training can be used for sport grappling tournaments and in self-defense situations . Sparring -LRB- commonly referred to as rolling -RRB- and live drilling play a major role in training , and a premium is placed on performance , especially in competition , in relation to progress and ascension through its ranking system . Since its inception in 1882 , its parent art of judo was separated from older systems of Japanese jujutsu by an important difference that was passed on to Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu : it is not solely a martial art , but it is also a sport ; a method for promoting physical fitness and building character in young people ; and , ultimately , a way -LRB- Do -RRB- of life . ", "Oswaldo Baptista Fadda -LRB- January 15 , 1921 -- April 1 , 2005 -RRB- was a practitioner of Brazilian jiu-jitsu , reaching the rank of `` nono grau '' , a ninth grade red belt . He is known for being one of the highest ranked non-Gracie black belts and also for teaching students from the poorer areas of Rio de Janeiro , where jiu-jitsu was regarded as an upper-class sport . Fadda 's lineage , the most prominent second to the Carlos Gracie lineage , still survives through his links with today 's teams such as Nova União , Grappling Fight Team , as well as Deo Jiu-Jitsu -LRB- Deoclecio Paulo -RRB- and Equipe Mestre Wilson Jiu-Jitsu -LRB- Wilson Pereira Mattos -RRB- . ", "Eskrido , a version of Doce Pares , is a Filipino martial art that is a combination of Doce Pares , Aikido , Ju-Jitsu and Judo , with lesser influences from other Japanese systems . It features standard eskrima stick techniques mixed with Jujutsu-style locks and throws that utilize the stick . The stickwork shows a strong sword influence , and indeed the sword , knife , and other Filipino weapons are also taught . It was founded by Ciriaco `` Cacoy '' Cañete , who taught it in the Philippines and in seminars across the world . The martial art was established in 1951 . Cañete was the highest ranking practitioner in both Doce Pares Eskrima and Eskrido . ", "Fight For Peace -LRB- Luta Pela Paz -RRB- is a dojo/gym that teaches several martial arts to children and young people in Brazil and England ", "Marcus Aurélio Martins -LRB- -LSB- ˈmaʁkuz awˈɾɛliu -RSB- ; born August 18 , 1974 -RRB- is a Brazilian mixed martial artist . He formerly fought for the PRIDE Fighting Championships and for the Ultimate Fighting Championship . He currently fights as a lightweight , and primarily employs Brazilian Jiu Jitsu . He is known for having never been finished in MMA competition . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 0, 1 ]

[ "Aeneas", "Aeneid", "Anchises", "Dido_and_Aeneas", "Aetna_-LRB-nymph-RRB-" ]

[ "In Greco-Roman mythology , Aeneas -LRB- -LSB- ᵻˈniːəs -RSB- Greek : Αἰνείας , Aineías , possibly derived from Greek αἰνή meaning `` praised '' -RRB- was a Trojan hero , the son of the prince Anchises and the goddess Venus -LRB- Aphrodite -RRB- . His father was a first cousin of King Priam of Troy -LRB- both being grandsons of Ilus , founder of Troy -RRB- , making Aeneas a second cousin to Priam 's children -LRB- such as Hector and Paris -RRB- . He is a character in Greek mythology and is mentioned in Homer 's Iliad . Aeneas receives full treatment in Roman mythology , most extensively in Virgil 's Aeneid , where he is an ancestor of Romulus and Remus . He became the first true hero of Rome . Snorri Sturluson identifies him with the Norse Æsir Vidarr . ", "The Aeneid -LRB- -LSB- ᵻˈniːɪd -RSB- Aeneis -LSB- ae̯ˈneːɪs -RSB- -RRB- is a Latin epic poem , written by Virgil between 29 and 19 BC , that tells the legendary story of Aeneas , a Trojan who travelled to Italy , where he became the ancestor of the Romans . It comprises 9,896 lines in dactylic hexameter . The first six of the poem 's twelve books tell the story of Aeneas 's wanderings from Troy to Italy , and the poem 's second half tells of the Trojans ' ultimately victorious war upon the Latins , under whose name Aeneas and his Trojan followers are destined to be subsumed . The hero Aeneas was already known to Greco-Roman legend and myth , having been a character in the Iliad . Virgil took the disconnected tales of Aeneas 's wanderings , his vague association with the foundation of Rome and a personage of no fixed characteristics other than a scrupulous pietas , and fashioned this into a compelling founding myth or national epic that at once tied Rome to the legends of Troy , explained the Punic Wars , glorified traditional Roman virtues , and legitimized the Julio-Claudian dynasty as descendants of the founders , heroes , and gods of Rome and Troy . The Aeneid is widely regarded as Virgil 's masterpiece and one of the greatest works of Latin literature . ", "In Greek mythology , Anchises -LRB- -LSB- ænˈkaɪsiːz -RSB- or -LSB- æŋˈkaɪsiːz -RSB- ; , -LSB- aŋkʰi͜ísɛ͜ɛs -RSB- -RRB- was the son of Capys and Themiste -LRB- daughter of Ilus , who was son of Tros -RRB- . He was the father of Aeneas and a member of the royal family of Troy . His major claim to fame in Greek mythology is that he was a mortal lover of the goddess Aphrodite -LRB- and in Roman mythology , the lover of Venus -RRB- . One version is that Aphrodite pretended to be a Phrygian princess and seduced him . She later revealed herself and informed him that they would have a son named Aeneas . Aphrodite had warned him that if he boasted of the affair , he would be blasted by the thunderbolt of Zeus . He did not heed her warning and was struck with a thunderbolt , which in different versions either blinds him or kills him . The principal early narrative of Aphrodite 's seduction of Anchises and the birth of Aeneas is the Homeric Hymn to Aphrodite . According to the Bibliotheca , Anchises and Aphrodite had another son , Lyrus , who died childless . He later had a mortal wife named Eriopis , according to the scholiasts , and he is credited with other children beside Aeneas and Lyrus . Homer , in the Iliad , mentions a daughter named Hippodameia , their eldest -LRB- `` the darling of her father and mother '' -RRB- , who married her cousin Alcathous . After the defeat of Troy in the Trojan War , the elderly Anchises was carried from the burning city by his son Aeneas , accompanied by Aeneas ' wife Creusa , who died in the escape attempt , and small son Ascanius . The subject is depicted in several paintings , including a famous version by Federico Barocci in the Galleria Borghese in Rome . The rescue is also mentioned in a speech in Shakespeare 's Julius Caesar when Cassius attempts to persuade Brutus to murder Caesar . Anchises himself died and was buried in Sicily many years later . Aeneas later visited Hades and saw his father again in the Elysian Fields . Homer 's Iliad mentions another Anchises , a wealthy native of Sicyon in Greece and father of Echepolus . ", "Dido and Aeneas -LRB- Z. 626 -RRB- is an opera in a prologue and three acts , written by the English Baroque composer Henry Purcell with a libretto by Nahum Tate . The dates of the composition and first performance of the opera are uncertain . It was composed no later than July 1688 , and had been performed at Josias Priest 's girls ' school in London by the end of 1689 . Some scholars argue for a date of composition as early as 1683 . The story is based on Book IV of Virgil 's Aeneid . It recounts the love of Dido , Queen of Carthage , for the Trojan hero Aeneas , and her despair when he abandons her . A monumental work in Baroque opera , Dido and Aeneas is remembered as one of Purcell 's foremost theatrical works . It was also Purcell 's only true opera , as well as his only all-sung dramatic work . One of the earliest known English operas , it owes much to John Blow 's Venus and Adonis , both in structure and in overall effect . The influence of Cavalli 's opera Didone is also apparent . ", "Aetna -LRB- Greek : Αἴτνη -RRB- was in Greek and Roman mythology a Sicilian nymph , and according to Alcimus , a daughter of Uranus and Gaia , or of Briareus . Stephanus of Byzantium , says that according to one account Aetna was a daughter of Oceanus . Simonides said that she had acted as arbitrator between Hephaestus and Demeter respecting the possession of Sicily . By Zeus or Hephaestus she became the mother of the Palici . Mount Aetna in Sicily was believed to have derived its name from her , and under it Zeus buried Typhon , Enceladus , or Briareus . The mountain itself was believed to be the place in which Hephaestus and the Cyclops made the thunderbolts for Zeus . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 0, 2 ]

[ "Airbus_A380", "Boeing_767", "Boeing_787_Dreamliner", "Solar_MS-1", "Aeroflot_Flight_2003" ]

[ "The Airbus A380 is a double-deck , wide-body , four-engine jet airliner manufactured by European manufacturer Airbus . It is the world 's largest passenger airliner , and the airports at which it operates have upgraded facilities to accommodate it . It was initially named Airbus A3XX and designed to challenge Boeing 's monopoly in the large-aircraft market . The A380 made its first flight on 27 April 2005 and entered commercial service on 25 October 2007 with Singapore Airlines . The A380 's upper deck extends along the entire length of the fuselage , with a width equivalent to a wide-body aircraft . This gives the A380-800 's cabin 550 m2 of usable floor space , 40 % more than the next largest airliner , the Boeing 747-8 , and provides seating for 525 people in a typical three-class configuration or up to 853 people in an all-economy class configuration . The A380-800 has a design range of 15700 km , serving the second - and third-longest non-stop scheduled flights in the world -LRB- as of February 2017 -RRB- , and a cruising speed of Mach 0.85 -LRB- about 900 km/h , 560 mph or 490 kt at cruising altitude -RRB- . , Airbus had received 317 firm orders and delivered 210 aircraft ; Emirates is the biggest A380 customer with 142 ordered of which 94 have been delivered . ", "The Boeing 767 is a mid - to large-size , long-range , wide-body twin-engine jet airliner built by Boeing Commercial Airplanes . It was Boeing 's first wide-body twinjet and its first airliner with a two-crew glass cockpit . The aircraft has two turbofan engines , a conventional tail , and , for reduced aerodynamic drag , a supercritical wing design . Designed as a smaller wide-body airliner than earlier aircraft such as the 747 , the 767 has seating capacity for 181 to 375 people , and a design range of 3850 to , depending on variant . Development of the 767 occurred in tandem with a narrow-body twinjet , the 757 , resulting in shared design features which allow pilots to obtain a common type rating to operate both aircraft . The 767 is produced in three fuselage lengths . The original 767-200 entered service in 1982 , followed by the 767-300 in 1986 and the 767-400ER , an extended-range -LRB- ER -RRB- variant , in 2000 . The extended-range 767-200ER and 767-300ER models entered service in 1984 and 1988 , respectively , while a production freighter version , the 767-300F , debuted in 1995 . Conversion programs have modified passenger 767-200 and 767-300 series aircraft for cargo use , while military derivatives include the E-767 surveillance aircraft , the KC-767 and KC-46 aerial tankers , and VIP transports . Engines featured on the 767 include the General Electric CF6 , Pratt & Whitney JT9D and PW4000 , and Rolls-Royce RB211 turbofans . United Airlines first placed the 767 in commercial service in 1982 . The aircraft was initially flown on domestic and transcontinental routes , during which it demonstrated the reliability of its twinjet design . In 1985 , the 767 became the first twin-engined airliner to receive regulatory approval for extended overseas flights . The aircraft was then used to expand non-stop service on medium - to long-haul intercontinental routes . In 1986 , Boeing initiated studies for a higher-capacity 767 , ultimately leading to the development of the 777 , a larger wide-body twinjet . In the 1990s , the 767 became the most frequently used airliner for transatlantic flights between North America and Europe . The 767 is the first twinjet wide-body type to reach 1,000 aircraft delivered . As of April 2017 , Boeing has received 1,204 orders for the 767 from 74 customers ; 1,098 have been delivered . A total of 742 of these aircraft were in service in July 2016 ; the most popular variant is the 767-300ER , with 583 delivered ; Delta Air Lines is the largest operator , with 91 aircraft . Competitors have included the Airbus A300 , A310 , and A330-200 , while a successor , the 787 Dreamliner , entered service in October 2011 . Despite this , the 767 still remains in production . ", "The Boeing 787 Dreamliner is an American long-haul , mid-size widebody , twin-engine jet airliner made by Boeing Commercial Airplanes . Its variants seat 242 to 335 passengers in typical three-class seating configurations . It is a pioneering airliner with the use of composite materials as the primary material in the construction of its airframe . The 787 was designed to be 20 % more fuel efficient than the Boeing 767 , which it was intended to replace . The 787 Dreamliner 's distinguishing features include mostly electrical flight systems , raked wingtips , and noise-reducing chevrons on its engine nacelles . It shares a common type rating with the larger Boeing 777 to allow qualified pilots to operate both models . The aircraft 's initial designation was the 7E7 , prior to its renaming in January 2005 . The first 787 was unveiled in a roll-out ceremony on July 8 , 2007 at Boeing 's Everett factory . Development and production of the 787 has involved a large-scale collaboration with numerous suppliers worldwide . Final assembly takes place at the Boeing Everett Factory in Everett , Washington , and at the Boeing South Carolina factory in North Charleston , South Carolina . Originally planned to enter service in May 2008 , the project experienced multiple delays . The airliner 's maiden flight took place on December 15 , 2009 , and completed flight testing in mid-2011 . Boeing has reportedly spent $ 32 billion on the 787 program . Final US Federal Aviation Administration -LRB- FAA -RRB- and European Aviation Safety Agency -LRB- EASA -RRB- type certification was received in August 2011 and the first 787-8 was delivered in September 2011 . It entered commercial service on October 26 , 2011 with launch customer All Nippon Airways . The stretched 787-9 variant , which is 20 ft longer and can fly 450 nmi farther than the -8 , first flew in September 2013 . Deliveries of the 787-9 began in July 2014 ; it entered commercial service on August 7 , 2014 with All Nippon Airways , with 787-9 launch customer Air New Zealand following two days later . As of April 2017 , the 787 had orders for 1,213 aircraft from 64 customers , with All Nippon Airways having the largest number on order . The aircraft has suffered from several in-service problems , including fires on board related to its lithium-ion batteries . These systems were reviewed by both the FAA and the Japan Civil Aviation Bureau . The FAA issued a directive in January 2013 that grounded all 787s in the US and other civil aviation authorities followed suit . After Boeing completed tests on a revised battery design , the FAA approved the revised design and lifted the grounding in April 2013 ; the 787 returned to passenger service later that month . ", "__ NOTOC __ The Solar MS-1 was a prototype airliner built in the United States in 1930 . It was a sesquiplane design , its wings braced to each other with warren truss-style struts . The stubby lower wings carried the divided main units of the fixed undercarriage . The fuselage was of rectangular cross-section and featured a fully enclosed flight deck and passenger cabin . The tail was of conventional design with strut-braced stabilizers and carrying a fixed tailwheel . Construction was of metal throughout , and the aircraft was powered by a single radial engine in the nose . The MS-1 , registered X258V , flew for the first time on 21 January 1930 with Doug Kelly at the controls . Kelly described it as `` one of the finest closed planes I have ever flown '' , and Charles Lindbergh also praised the MS-2 when he flew it a few days later . Despite this , airlines did not order the type , although Northwest Airways considered buying ten examples . Solar made the prototype available for charter types for a while , but in 1931 sold it to an operator in Mexico who used it to transport coffee beans . On the Mexican register as XB-AFK , the MS-1 was destroyed in a crash in 1936 . ", "Aeroflot Flight 2003 was operated on 3 January 1976 by a Tupolev Tu-124 , registration CCCP-45037 , when it crashed 7 km after take-off from Moscow -- Vnukovo Airport -LRB- VKO/UUWW -RRB- , on a domestic flight to Minsk-1 International Airport -LRB- MHP/UMMM -RRB- , and Brest Airport -LRB- BQT/UMBB -RRB- , Belarus . The crash killed all sixty-one on board and one in a house on the ground . " ]

[ 2, 1, 1, 0, 0 ]

[ "Azithromycin", "Gatifloxacin", "Neothramycin", "Stanozolol", "Permethrin" ]

[ "Azithromycin is an antibiotic useful for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections . This includes middle ear infections , strep throat , pneumonia , traveler 's diarrhea , and certain other intestinal infections . It may also be used for a number of sexually transmitted infections including chlamydia and gonorrhea infections . Along with other medications , it may also be used for malaria . It can be taken by mouth or intravenously with doses once per day . Common side effects include nausea , vomiting , diarrhea and upset stomach . An allergic reaction or a type of diarrhea caused by Clostridium difficile is possible . No harm has been found with its use during pregnancy . Its safety during breastfeeding is not confirmed , but it is likely safe . Azithromycin is an azalide , a type of macrolide antibiotic . It works by decreasing the production of protein , thus stopping bacterial growth . Azithromycin was first made in 1980 . It is on the World Health Organization 's List of Essential Medicines , the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system . It is available as a generic medication and is sold under many trade names worldwide . The wholesale cost in the developing world is about 0.18 to 2.98 USD per dose . In the United States it is about 33 USD for a course of treatment . ", "Gatifloxacin sold under the brand names Gatiflo , Tequin and Zymar , is an antibiotic of the fourth-generation fluoroquinolone family , that like other members of that family , inhibits the bacterial enzymes DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV . Bristol-Myers Squibb introduced Gatifloxacin in 1999 under the proprietary name Tequin for the treatment of respiratory tract infections , having licensed the medication from Kyorin Pharmaceutical Company of Japan . Allergan produces it in eye-drop formulation under the names Zymar and Zymaxid . In many countries , gatifloxacin is also available as tablets and in various aqueous solutions for intravenous therapy . ", "thumb | Neothramycin A and B Neothramycin A and B are stereoisomeric antibiotics with anticancer activity . The stereoisomers are interchangeable in aqueous solution and the antibiotic , Neothramycin , contains both in approximately equal amounts . They belong to the pyrrolo -LRB- 1,4 -RRB- benzodiazepine , or anthramycin , group which includes other antibiotics such as anthramycin , tomaymycin , and sibiromycin . Neothramycin was originally isolated from Streptomyces No . MC916-C4 , a cycloheximide-producing strain , by Umezawa et al. . Subsequent testing has shown its capabilities as an anticancer drug , antiprotozoal drug , and even possible uses in DNA fluorescence based assays . Its activities against cancer warranted phase I testing of the drug . More recently , in 1991 , anthramycin derivatives , which are very similar to neothramycin , have been investigated for their ability to link DNA when dimerized . These compounds were tested using a fluorescence based assay . These compounds showed an ability to bind dG-containing DNA duplexes with high specificity . This specificity of a DNA crosslinking agent is highly sought after since most are electrophiles and bind indiscriminately . The data collected also showed that pyrrolo -LRB- 1,4 -RRB- benzodiazepines can also be used to measure the fluorescence polarization anisotropy on the 0.1-100 ns time scale . ", "Stanozolol , commonly sold under the name Winstrol -LRB- oral -RRB- and Winstrol Depot -LRB- intramuscular -RRB- , is a synthetic anabolic steroid derived from dihydrotestosterone . It was developed by American pharmaceutical company Winthrop Laboratories -LRB- Sterling Drug -RRB- in 1962 , and has been approved by the FDA for human use . Unlike most injectable anabolic steroids , stanozolol is not esterified and is sold as an aqueous suspension , or in oral tablet form . The drug has a high oral bioavailability , due to a C17 α-alkylation which allows the hormone to survive first-pass liver metabolism when ingested . It is because of this that stanozolol is also sold in tablet form . Stanozolol has been used in both animal and human patients for a number of conditions . In humans , it has been demonstrated to be successful in treating anaemia and hereditary angioedema . Veterinarians may prescribe the drug to improve muscle growth , red blood cell production , increase bone density and stimulate the appetite of debilitated or weakened animals . Stanozolol is one of the anabolic steroids commonly used as performance-enhancing drugs and is banned from use in sports competition under the auspices of the International Association of Athletics Federations -LRB- IAAF -RRB- and many other sporting bodies . Additionally , stanozolol has been used in US horse racing . ", "Permethrin , sold under the brand name Nix among others , is a medication and insecticide . As a medication it is used to treat scabies and lice . It is applied to the skin as a cream or lotion . As an insecticide it can be sprayed on clothing or mosquito nets such that the insects that touch them die . Side effects include rash and irritation at the area of use . Use during pregnancy appears to be safe . It is approved for use in people over the age of two months . Permethrin is in pyrethroid family of medications . It works by disrupting the function of the neurons of lice and scabies . Permethrin was discovered in 1973 . It is on the World Health Organization 's List of Essential Medicines , the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system . The wholesale cost in the developing world is about 0.02 to 0.06 USD per gram . In the United States a course of treatment costs 25 to 50 USD and it is available over the counter . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 2, 2 ]

[ "The_Woodsman_-LRB-2004_film-RRB-", "Kevin_Bacon", "Gary_Grubbs", "Kevin_J._O'Connor_-LRB-actor-RRB-", "Sleepers" ]

[ "The Woodsman is a 2004 drama film directed and co-written -LRB- with Steven Fechter -RRB- by Nicole Kassell , based on Fechter 's play of the same name . The movie stars Kevin Bacon as a convicted child molester who must adjust to life after prison . The movie 's name refers to the woodsman from the fairy tale of Little Red Riding Hood who kills the wolf to save the titular child . ", "Kevin Norwood Bacon -LRB- born July 8 , 1958 -RRB- is an American actor and musician . His notable films include musical-drama film Footloose -LRB- 1984 -RRB- , the controversial historical conspiracy legal thriller JFK -LRB- 1991 -RRB- , the legal drama A Few Good Men -LRB- 1992 -RRB- , the historical docudrama Apollo 13 -LRB- 1995 -RRB- , and the mystery drama Mystic River -LRB- 2003 -RRB- . Bacon is also known for taking on darker roles such as that of a sadistic guard in Sleepers and troubled former child abuser in a critically acclaimed performance in The Woodsman . Also on television , he starred in the Fox series The Following from 2013 to 2015 . Bacon has won a Golden Globe Award and three Screen Actors Guild Awards , and was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award . The Guardian named him one of the best actors never to have received an Academy Award nomination . In 2003 , Bacon received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for his contributions to the motion pictures industry . Bacon has become an icon for the concept of interconnectedness -LRB- as in social networks -RRB- , having been popularized by the game `` Six Degrees of Kevin Bacon '' . In 2007 , he created SixDegrees.org , a charitable foundation . ", "Gary Grubbs -LRB- born November 14 , 1949 -RRB- is an American actor . Grubbs has several film and television credits to his name , including his portrayal of attorney Al Oser in Oliver Stone 's JFK . He appeared as George Russell on The Wonderful World of Disney 's 1988 miniseries `` Davy Crockett : Rainbow in the Thunder '' starring Tim Dunigan . In the 1990s , Grubbs landed two notable -LRB- albeit short-lived -RRB- recurring television roles . On Growing Pains , he played George Brower , Luke Brower 's -LRB- Leonardo DiCaprio -RRB- long-lost father , and during the first two seasons of Will & Grace , he played Harlin Polk , Will Truman 's -LRB- Eric McCormack -RRB- number-one client . He also played Cal Stephens , a car dealer who sold Al Bundy a lemon , on Married ... with Children . In the 2001 film Double Take , Grubbs played the role of CIA agent Timothy Jarret McReady . More recently , he appeared in the recurring role of Gordon Bullit on the final season of The O.C. . Grubbs also made a cameo on a few episodes of the WB series Angel as Fred 's father , Roger Burkle . He had a recurring role on Treme as Richard Desautel , father of chef Janette Desautel -LRB- Kim Dickens -RRB- . In 2012 , he appeared in an episode of Criminal Minds as Detective Oren Carr . ", "Kevin James O'Connor -LRB- born November 15 , 1963 -RRB- is an American actor . O'Connor is known for portraying character roles in major studio films such as There Will Be Blood , The Mummy , Clive Barker 's Lord of Illusions , F/X2 and Van Helsing . He is a favorite of writer/director Stephen Sommers , who usually casts him in his films . ", "Sleepers is a 1996 American legal crime drama film written , produced , and directed by Barry Levinson , and based on Lorenzo Carcaterra 's 1995 novel of the same name . The film starred Kevin Bacon , Jason Patric , Brad Pitt , Robert De Niro , Dustin Hoffman , Minnie Driver and Vittorio Gassmann . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Gray_Matters", "No_Place_for_a_Lady", "Something_to_Talk_About_-LRB-film-RRB-", "The_Lady_in_Black_-LRB-1928_film-RRB-", "God's_Law_and_Man's" ]

[ "Gray Matters is a 2006 romantic comedy film directed by Sue Kramer , starring Heather Graham , Tom Cavanagh and Bridget Moynahan . It premiered on October 21 , 2006 at the Hamptons International Film Festival and had a United States limited theatrical release on February 23 , 2007 . ", "No Place for a Lady is a 1943 black and white mystery film , directed by James P. Hogan . ", "Something to Talk About is a 1995 American comedy-drama film directed by Lasse Hallström , from a screenplay written by Callie Khouri . It stars Julia Roberts and Dennis Quaid as an estranged couple , Kyra Sedgwick as Roberts ' sister , and Robert Duvall and Gena Rowlands as their parents . The film 's title stems from the Bonnie Raitt song of the same name . It was shot in various locations around Savannah , Georgia , South Carolina and Georgia near Beaufort . ", "The Lady in Black -LRB- German : Die Dame in Schwarz -RRB- is a 1928 German silent film directed by Franz Osten and starring Liane Haid , Marcella Albani and Charles Lincoln . The film 's sets were built by the art directors Bruno Lutz and Franz Seemann . ", "God 's Law and Man 's is a lost 1917 silent film drama direct by John H. Collins and distributed by Metro Pictures . It starred Collins 's wife Viola Dana . The story comes from a novel by Paul Trent , A Wife by Purchase . " ]

[ 2, 0, 2, 2, 0 ]

[ "Kanwaljit_Singh_-LRB-actor-RRB-", "Arijit_Singh", "Manpreet_Singh", "Tiger_Jeet_Singh", "Sajjan_Singh_Cheema" ]

[ "Kanwaljit Singh is an Indian actor who has performed in films as well as television serials . He has acted in Hindi and Punjabi films . ", "Arijit Singh is an Indian Musician , singer , composer , music producer , recordist , and music programmer . He prominently sings in Hindi and Bengali . He also has songs in Gujarati , Tamil , Telugu , Marathi , Assamese and Kannada . He excels in the skill of singing . He has often been portrayed by the Indian media as a `` small town boy who made it big '' . Arijit is regarded as one of the most versatile and successful singers in the history of Indian Music and Indian Cinema . His singing is known for being melliflous , soulful and melodious . His voice is been described as a voice that penetrates the soul and creates a sense of blissful relaxation , a voice that promises to spread happiness and touches the crux of the entire being . He is applauded and praised for his art of giving `` emotions and soul to lyrics '' through his vocals . Arijit 's voice and singing is been loved by the Indian music lovers , and it is said that it mesmerizes and soothes the soul of listeners . He is known for being shy and often stays away from limelight despite the fame and popularity that he enjoys in South Asia and amongst South Asian diaspora worldwide . His first achievement came just during the beginning of his singing career when he received upcoming male vocalist of the year award at 2013 Mirchi Music Awards for his rendition of the song `` Duaa '' and was also nominated for the song `` Phir Le Aya Dil '' . Music director and composer Pritam along with the Indian film production house Vishesh Films is been credited as the one who showed faith in his talent , and gave him initial songs of his career and thus became an important factor behind the `` emergence '' of Arijit Singh . Singh became very popular and shot to widespread prominence with the release of `` Tum Hi Ho '' in 2013 , composed and written by his Friend and Music Composer Mithoon from the film Aashiqui 2 . He won the prestigious Filmfare Award for Best Male Playback Singer for the song in 2014 . Arijit had won IBN Live Movie Award for the song `` Muskurane ki wajah '' in the Best Playback Singer category . He won Filmfare Award for Best Male Playback Singer for the song `` Sooraj Dooba Hain '' in 2016 . In 2017 , at the 62nd Filmfare Awards , he won Best Male Playback Singer Award for the title track of the film Ae Dil Hai Mushkil . Arijit won Male Vocalist of The Year award at 2017 Mirchi Music Awards for his rendition of `` Ae Dil Hai Mushkil '' . He was honoured with Best Male Playback Singer award for the title track of the same film at Zee Cine Awards 2017 . In a short span of time he has won almost every prestigious Indian music awards . He was awarded `` NISU Youth Icon '' award in 2014 , by National Indian Students and Alumni Union UK . Some of his most popular Hindi film songs are `` Channa Mereya '' , `` Tum Hi Ho '' , `` Phir Bhi Tumko Chahunga '' , `` Aayat '' , `` Raabta '' , `` Ae Dil Hai Mushkil '' , `` Muskurane ki wajah '' , `` Laal Ishq '' , `` Kabhi Jo Baadal Barse '' , `` Samjhawan '' , `` Suno Na Sangemarmar '' , `` Ilahi '' , `` Sooraj Dooba Hain '' , `` Sanam Re '' , `` Soch Na Sake '' , `` Mast Magan '' , `` Bolna '' , `` Sawan Aaya Hai '' , `` Gerua '' , `` Janam Janam '' , `` Nashe Si Chadh Gayi '' , `` Khamoshiyan '' , `` Hamari Adhuri Kahani '' , `` Enna Sona '' , `` Dilliwaali Girlfriend '' , `` Palat '' , `` Dharkhaast '' , `` Naina '' , `` Kabira '' , `` Zaalima '' , `` Yeh Ishq Hai '' , `` Alvida '' . ", "Manpreet Singh -LRB- born 3 May 1985 -RRB- is an amateur boxer from India and a product of Army Sports Institute . He competes in 82 -- 91 kg category . Manpreet won Silver medal in 2010 Asian Games held in Guangzhou , China . He was defeated by Mohammad Ghossoun of Syria in the gold medal bout by a score of 8:1 . After his first round defeat in 2010 Commonwealth Games , Manpreet had lost confidence and had to seek psychiatric help at NIS Patiala . ", "Jagjeet Singh Hans -LRB- born April 3 , 1948 -RRB- is an Indian semi-retired professional wrestler , known better by his ring name Tiger Jeet Singh . Singh wrestled in the Indian crazed villain style , and was known for his elaborate ring entrances . He wrestled in Japan for 22 years and was the first professional wrestler in Japan to defeat sumo wrestler Wajima Hiroshi . ", "Sajjan Singh Cheema is a former basketball player from India . He represented India in 1982 Asian Games and other international tournaments and matches including Asian Basketball Championship in 1981 , 1983 and 1985 . He was honoured with Arjuna award in 1999 and Maharaja Ranjit Singh Award in 1983 . Sajjan Singh was born in 1957 in Dabulian village in Kapurthala district in Punjab state . He studied at Kamalia Khalsa High School Kapurthala and at Sport College Jalandhar . He started playing basketball in 1976 and first participated in Inter university tournament held in Jaipur in 1976 . He retired from playing in 1994 . He served as SP with Punjab Police and additionally the Deputy Commissioner of Police -LRB- Traffic -RRB- Ludhiana . His brothers Balkar Singh and Gurmeet Singh and cousin Kuldeep Singh Cheema also played basketball and represented India . Guneet Kaur the daughter of Sajjan Singh has played in the under-17 category at the national level . Being appointed as the Candidate for Aam Aadmi Party from Sultanpur Lodhi Constituency for the punjab elections of 2017 . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Chumlee", "Shay_Roundtree", "Huy_Yaleng", "Chua_En_Lai", "Mike_Leeder" ]

[ "Austin Lee Russell -LRB- born September 8 , 1982 -RRB- , better known by his stage name of Chumlee , is an American actor , businessman and reality television personality , known as a cast member on the History Channel television show Pawn Stars , which depicts the daily business at the Gold and Silver Pawn Shop in Las Vegas where Russell works as an employee . Chumlee came to work at the pawn shop five years before filming of the first season , having been a childhood friend of Corey Harrison , whose father , Rick Harrison , and grandfather , Richard Benjamin Harrison , opened the shop in 1989 . On the show , he is often portrayed as the comic foil , but often appraises items in his area of expertise of pinball machines , sneakers and video games , and is considered the breakout character of the series . ", "Shay Roundtree is an American actor . ", "Huy Yaleng is film director and actor from Cambodia . As an actor , he has acted in Pteah khmaoch tinh . He has worked on Vikaljarek in the capacity of actor and director . Other films from his country that he has worked on include Ghost Bought a House , Ghost is on the Banana Tree and Mao Svet -LRB- Stingy Person -RRB- . ", "Chua En Lai -LRB- born 1979 -RRB- is a Singaporean stage and television actor , best known for his work on the Mediacorp Channel 5 sitcom The Noose . ", "Michael William `` Mike '' Leeder is a British actor , casting director , producer and writer born and raised in the UK , who has been based in Hong Kong since 1990 . Leeder is considered an authority on Asian Cinema and International Cult and Action Cinema , as well as for his work in front and behind the camera , with his work on such projects as Fearless -LRB- 2006 -RRB- , The Raid 2 -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , The Man with the Iron Fists -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , Man of Tai Chi -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , Ultimate Justice -LRB- 2016 -RRB- and Rogue One -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Victor_Frankenstein_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Scary_or_Die", "Resident_Evil-COLON-_Vendetta", "Billy_the_Kid_Versus_Dracula", "Max_Landis" ]

[ "Victor Frankenstein is a 2015 American science fiction fantasy horror film based on contemporary adaptations of Mary Shelley 's 1818 novel Frankenstein . It is directed by Paul McGuigan and written by Max Landis . Starring James McAvoy as Victor Frankenstein and Daniel Radcliffe as Igor , the film was released by 20th Century Fox on November 25 , 2015 . Told from Igor 's perspective , it shows the troubled young assistant 's dark origins and his redemptive friendship with the young medical student , Victor Frankenstein . Through Igor 's eyes , the audience witnesses the emergence of Frankenstein as the man from the legend we know today . Eventually , their experiments get them into trouble with the authorities , and Dr. Frankenstein and Igor become fugitives as they complete their goals to use science as a way to create life from death . The film received generally negative reviews and became a box office bomb , grossing $ 34.2 million against a budget of $ 40 million . ", "Scary or Die is a 2012 American horror anthology film that was directed by Bob Badway , Michael Emanuel , and Igor Meglic . The film was released on video on demand on May 1 , 2012 and on DVD on September 11 , 2012 . Initially titled Terror Bytes , the film 's name was later changed to coincide with a horror website by the same name that Emanuel ran with his co-director Igor Meglic and two other filmmakers . The anthology stars Domiziano Arcangeli , Corbin Bleu , and Bill Oberst Jr. , and is composed of five interlocking stories set within the city of Los Angeles . ", "Resident Evil : Vendetta , known as in Japan , is a 2017 Japanese 3D animated action-thriller film . It is part of the Resident Evil franchise , set in the same universe as the associated video games -LRB- unlike the live action films starring Milla Jovovich -RRB- . The film features the characters Chris Redfield , Leon S. Kennedy and Rebecca Chambers . It will be the third CG movie , after Resident Evil : Degeneration in 2008 , followed by Resident Evil : Damnation in 2012 , and this film will mark the third with Leon as a main character . The film is produced by Marza Animation Planet , written by Makoto Fukami -LRB- Psycho Pass , Ultraman X -RRB- and directed by Takanori Tsujimoto -LRB- The Next Generation Patlabor -RRB- . Takashi Shimizu will serve as executive producer . The film was released in Japan on May 27 , 2017 , while a limited theatrical showing in North America is planned for June 19th 2017 . The movie will also be available in North America across digital retailers on June 20th and on Blu-ray and DVD July 18th . ", "Billy the Kid vs. Dracula is a 1966 American low-budget horror-Western film directed by William Beaudine . It was released theatrically as part of a double bill , along with Jesse James Meets Frankenstein 's Daughter . Both films were shot in eight days at Corriganville Movie Ranch and at Paramount Studios in mid 1965 ; both were the final feature films of director William Beaudine . The film revolves around the eponymous outlaw played by stuntman Chuck Courtney trying to save his fiancee from Dracula -LRB- John Carradine repeating his role from the low-budget Universal Studios movie sequels to the Bela Lugosi classic -RRB- . The films were produced by television producer Carroll Case for Joseph E. Levine . Oddly , the name `` Dracula '' is never mentioned in the film , nor is Carradine credited as playing him in the credits . ", "Max Landis -LRB- born August 3 , 1985 -RRB- is an American screenwriter , director , producer , comic book writer , and actor . He is best known for writing the films Chronicle -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , American Ultra -LRB- 2015 -RRB- , and Victor Frankenstein -LRB- 2015 -RRB- , as well as a variety of short films including The Death and Return of Superman and Wrestling Is n't Wrestling . Recently , he has acted as an executive producer on the Syfy anthology horror series Channel Zero , as well as creator and showrunner for the American adaptation of Douglas Adams ' science fiction detective comedy novel series Dirk Gently 's Holistic Detective Agency on BBC America , which both premiered in October 2016 . Landis has also written for comic books , beginning as the author of the DC Comics seven-issue mini-series Superman : American Alien -LRB- 2015-2016 -RRB- and continuing with the nine-issue medieval fantasy drama series Green Valley for Image Comics -LRB- 2016 -- present -RRB- . He is the son of director John Landis and costume designer and historian Deborah Nadoolman Landis . " ]

[ 2, 1, 1, 1, 2 ]

[ "Pocahontas", "Pocahontas,_Missouri", "Pelagia_Papamichail", "Teresa_Magbanua", "Pocahontas_-LRB-soundtrack-RRB-" ]

[ "Pocahontas -LRB- born Matoaka , known as Amonute , 1596 -- 1617 -RRB- was a Native American woman notable for her association with the colonial settlement at Jamestown , Virginia . Pocahontas was the daughter of Powhatan , the paramount chief of a network of tributary tribal nations in the Tsenacommacah , encompassing the Tidewater region of Virginia . In a well-known historical anecdote , she is said to have saved the life of a captive of the Native Americans , the Englishman John Smith , in 1607 by placing her head upon his own when her father raised his war club to execute him . Some historians have suggested that this story , as told by Smith , is untrue . Pocahontas was captured by the English during Anglo-Indian hostilities in 1613 , and held for ransom . During her captivity , she converted to Christianity and took the name Rebecca . When the opportunity arose for her to return to her people , she chose to remain with the English . In April 1614 , she married tobacco planter John Rolfe , and in January 1615 , bore their son , Thomas Rolfe . In 1616 , the Rolfes traveled to London . Pocahontas was presented to English society as an example of the `` civilized savage '' in hopes of stimulating investment in the Jamestown settlement . She became something of a celebrity , was elegantly fêted , and attended a masque at Whitehall Palace . In 1617 , the Rolfes set sail for Virginia , but Pocahontas died at Gravesend of unknown causes . She was buried in a church in Gravesend in the United Kingdom , but the exact location of her grave is unknown . Numerous places , landmarks , and products in the United States have been named after Pocahontas . Her story has been romanticized over the years , and she is a subject of art , literature , and film . Many famous people have claimed to be among her descendants through her son Thomas , including members of the First Families of Virginia , First Lady Edith Wilson , American Western actor Glenn Strange , and astronomer Percival Lowell . ", "Pocahontas is a village in Cape Girardeau County , Missouri , United States . The population was 114 at the 2010 census . It is part of the Cape Girardeau -- Jackson , MO-IL Metropolitan Statistical Area . ", "Pelagia Papamichail -LRB- born April 29 , 1986 , in Thessaloniki , Greece -RRB- is a Greek female basketball player . She plays for Olympiacos . ", "Teresa Magbanua , dubbed the `` Visayan Joan of Arc '' -LRB- October 13 , 1868 -- August 1947 -RRB- , from Pototan , Iloilo , Philippines , was a schoolteacher and military leader . She retired from education and became a housewife shortly after her marriage to Alejandro Balderas , a wealthy landowner from Sara , Iloilo . When the 1896 Philippine Revolution against the Spanish Empire broke out , she became one of only a few women to join the Panay-based Visayan arm of the Katipunan , the initially secret revolutionary society head by Andrés Bonifacio . Despite opposition from her husband , Magbanua followed her two younger brothers and took up arms against the Spanish , leading troops into combat and winning several battles under the command of General Martin Delgado . Magbanua is credited as the only woman to lead troops in the Visayan region during the Revolution . Shortly thereafter , Magbanua shifted to fighting American colonial forces during the Philippine -- American War . In her later life , she provided supplies to guerrilla fighters in the resistance movement against the Japanese Occupation during the Second World War . Magbanua died a widow aged 78 in Mindanao . ", "Pocahontas : An Original Walt Disney Records Soundtrack is the soundtrack to the 1995 Disney animated film , Pocahontas . It was released by Walt Disney Records on May 23 , 1995 on CD and audio cassette . The soundtrack contains songs from the film , including each instrumental song , written by Alan Menken and Stephen Schwartz , and conducted by David Friedman . The main songs were performed by artists : Judy Kuhn , Mel Gibson , Linda Hunt , Jim Cummings , David Ogden Stiers , and Bobbi Page . The soundtrack features two hit singles ; `` Colors of the Wind '' performed by singer and actress Vanessa Williams , and the film 's love theme song `` If I Never Knew You '' performed by recording artists Jon Secada and Shanice . On August 7 , 2015 , in honor of the 20th anniversary of the film , a new edition of the soundtrack was released as part of the Walt Disney Records : The Legacy Collection series . The new edition includes the film 's complete original soundtrack in chronological order , along with six demo recordings in a two-disc set . There are 28 tracks on disc one , and 8 tracks on disc two . This release includes the song `` If I Never Knew You '' , performed by Judy Kuhn and Mel Gibson in the film . The original song performed by the characters was cut from the film , and not included on the original soundtrack . The song was put back into the movie when it was re-released for the 10th anniversary of the film , and finally featured on the new edition of the soundtrack . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 1, 1 ]

[ "Hinduism", "Vedic_mythology", "Hindu_texts", "Ekasarana_Dharma", "List_of_Hindu_temples_in_Indonesia" ]

[ "Hinduism is a religion , or a way of life , found most notably in India and Nepal . Hinduism has been called the oldest religion in the world , and some practitioners and scholars refer to it as , `` the eternal law , '' or the `` eternal way , '' beyond human origins . Scholars regard Hinduism as a fusion or synthesis of various Indian cultures and traditions , with diverse roots and no founder . This `` Hindu synthesis '' started to develop between 500 BCE and 300 CE following the Vedic period -LRB- 1500 BCE to 500 BCE -RRB- . Although Hinduism contains a broad range of philosophies , it is linked by shared concepts , recognisable rituals , cosmology , shared textual resources , and pilgrimage to sacred sites . Hindu texts are classified into Shruti -LRB- `` heard '' -RRB- and Smriti -LRB- `` remembered '' -RRB- . These texts discuss theology , philosophy , mythology , Vedic yajna , Yoga , agamic rituals , and temple building , among other topics . Major scriptures include the Vedas and Upanishads , the Bhagavad Gita , and the Agamas . Sources of authority and eternal truths in its texts play an important role , but there is also a strong Hindu tradition of the questioning of this authority , to deepen the understanding of these truths and to further develop the tradition . Prominent themes in Hindu beliefs include the four Puruṣārthas , the proper goals or aims of human life , namely Dharma -LRB- ethics/duties -RRB- , Artha -LRB- prosperity/work -RRB- , Kama -LRB- desires/passions -RRB- and Moksha -LRB- liberation/freedom/salvation -RRB- ; karma -LRB- action , intent and consequences -RRB- , samsara -LRB- cycle of rebirth -RRB- , and the various Yogas -LRB- paths or practices to attain moksha -RRB- . Hindu practices include rituals such as puja -LRB- worship -RRB- and recitations , meditation , family-oriented rites of passage , annual festivals , and occasional pilgrimages . Some Hindus leave their social world and material possessions , then engage in lifelong Sannyasa -LRB- monastic practices -RRB- to achieve Moksha . Hinduism prescribes the eternal duties , such as honesty , refraining from injuring living beings -LRB- ahimsa -RRB- , patience , forbearance , self-restraint , and compassion , among others . Hinduism is the world 's third largest religion , with over one billion followers or 15 % of the global population , known as Hindus . The majority of Hindus reside in India , Nepal , Mauritius , the Caribbean , and Bali in Indonesia . ", "Vedic mythology refers to the mythological aspects of the historical Vedic religion and Vedic literature , alluded to in the hymns of the Rigveda . The central myth at the base of Vedic ritual surrounds Indra who , inebriated with Soma , slays the dragon -LRB- ahi -RRB- Vrtra , freeing the rivers , the cows and Dawn . Vedic lore contains numerous elements which are common to Indo-European mythological traditions , like the mythologies of Persia , Greece , and Rome , and that of the Celtic , Germanic , Baltic and Slavic peoples . The Vedic god Indra in part corresponds to Dyaus Pitar , the Sky Father , Zeus and Jupiter or Perun . The deity Yama , the lord of the dead , is Yima of Persian mythology . Vedic hymns refer to these and other deities , often 33 , consisting of 8 Vasus , 11 Rudras , 12 Adityas , and the late Rigvedic Prajapati . These deities belong to the 3 dimensions of the universe/heavens , the earth , and the intermediate space . Some major deities of the Vedic tradition include Indra , Surya , Agni , Vayu , Varuna , Mitra , Aditi , Yama , Soma , Sarasvati , Prithvi , and Rudra . ", "Hindu texts are manuscripts and historic literature related to any of the diverse traditions within Hinduism . A few texts are shared resources across these traditions and broadly considered as Hindu scriptures . These include the Vedas and the Upanishads . Scholars hesitate in defining the term `` Hindu scripture '' given the diverse nature of Hinduism , many include Bhagavad Gita and Agamas as Hindu scriptures , while Dominic Goodall includes Bhagavata Purana and Yajnavalkya Smriti to the list of Hindu scriptures . There are two historic classifications of Hindu texts : Shruti -- that which is heard , and Smriti -- that which is remembered . The Śruti refers to the body of most authoritative , ancient religious texts , without any author , comprising the central canon of Hinduism . It includes the four Vedas including its four types of embedded texts - the Samhitas , the Brahmanas , the Aranyakas and the early Upanishads . Of the Shrutis -LRB- Vedic corpus -RRB- , the Upanishads alone are widely influential among Hindus , considered scriptures par excellence of Hinduism , and their central ideas have continued to influence its thoughts and traditions . The Smriti texts are a specific body of Hindu texts attributed to an author , as a derivative work they are considered less authoritative than Sruti in Hinduism . The Smrti literature is a vast corpus of diverse texts , and includes but is not limited to Vedāngas , the Hindu epics , the Sutras and Shastras , the texts of Hindu philosophies , the Puranas , the Kāvya or poetical literature , the Bhasyas , and numerous Nibandhas -LRB- digests -RRB- covering politics , ethics , culture , arts and society . Many ancient and medieval Hindu texts were composed in Sanskrit , many others in regional Indian languages . In modern times , most ancient texts have been translated into other Indian languages and some in Western languages . Prior to the start of the common era , the Hindu texts were composed orally , then memorized and transmitted orally , from one generation to next , for more than a millennia before they were written down into manuscripts . This verbal tradition of preserving and transmitting Hindu texts , from one generation to next , continued into the modern era . ", "Ekasarana Dharma -LRB- Assamese এক শৰণ ধৰ্ম literally : ` Shelter-in-One religion ' -RRB- is a panentheistic religion founded and propagated by Srimanta Sankardeva in the 15th century . Most of the adherents of this religion today live in the Indian state of Assam . As part of the greater Bhakti movement in other parts of India , it rejects vedic and other esoteric rites of worship , and instead replaces them by a simplified form that requires just uttering the name -LRB- naam -RRB- of God . The simple and accessible religion attracted already Hinduized as well as non-Hindu tribal populations into its egalitarian folds . The new converts were accepted via a system of individual initiation and were given a path to social improvement . Institutions like sattra -LRB- monasteries -RRB- and village Namghar -LRB- prayer houses -RRB- , had profound influence in the evolution of social makeup of Assam 's society . The artistic oeuvres lead to engendering of new forms of literature , music -LRB- Borgeets or songs celestials -RRB- , theatre -LRB- Ankia Naat -RRB- and dance -LRB- Sattriya dance -RRB- . The central religious text of this religion is Bhagavat of Sankardeva , which was transcreated from the Sanskrit Bhagavata Purana by Srimanta Sankardeva and other religious preceptors . This book is supplemented by the two books of hymns : Kirtan Ghoxa by Sankardeva and Naam Ghoxa by Madhabdev . These books are written in the Assamese language . The religion is also called Mahapuruxiya because it is based on the worship of the Mahapurux or Mahapurush -LRB- Sanskrit : Maha : Supreme and purush : Being -RRB- , an epithet of Lord Vishnu in the Bhagavata and its adherents are often called Mahapuruxia , Sankari , Saraniya etc. . In course of time , the epithet ` Mahapurux ' came to be -LRB- secondarily -RRB- applied also to Sankardeva and Madhabdev , the principal preceptors . Non-adherence to the Hindu varnasrama system and egalitarianism marked its character . A strictly monotheistic religion , the only form of worship prescribed by this religion is uttering the name of God -LRB- `` Sravana-Kirttana '' -RRB- , who is worshiped in the form of Krishna or Hari . Thus it is also called ek sarana Hari naam dharma . Though a part of the wider Bhakti movement , it does not worship Radha with Krishna which is common in other bhakti movements . It is characterised by the dasya form of worship . Historically , it has been against caste system , and especially against animal sacrifices common in sakta forms of Hinduism . Noted for its egalitarianism , it posed a serious challenge to Brahminical Hinduism , and converted into its fold people of all castes , ethnicity and religion -LRB- including Islam -RRB- . Idol worship is a taboo . ", "This is a list of Hindu temples and their remains in Indonesia . Hindu in Indonesia is multi-ethnic , adhered by different Indonesian ethnics , such as Balinese , Javanese , Indian and other ethnics . Majority of Indonesian Hindus are Balinese that inhabit the volcanic island of Bali and some of them has migrated elsewhere in Indonesia . While there are also a quite significant Indonesian Indian Hindus minorities settled in large cities . Numbers of Indonesian natives that adhere a form of native Austronesian ancestral and natural worship might also categorized as Hindus , such as Dayaks Kaharingan , Karo Parmalim and Sundanese Sunda Wiwitan . Hindu Dayak Kaharingan are concentrated in Central Kalimantan . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Military_deception", "Disinformation", "Fraud", "Operation_Ferdinand", "MIS-X" ]

[ "Military deception refers to attempts to mislead enemy forces during warfare . This is usually achieved by creating or amplifying an artificial fog of war via psychological operations , information warfare , visual deception and other methods . As a form of strategic use of information -LRB- disinformation -RRB- , it overlaps with psychological warfare . To the degree that any enemy that falls for the deception will lose confidence when it is revealed , he may hesitate when confronted with the truth . Deception in warfare dates back to early history . The Art of War , an ancient Chinese military treatise , puts great emphasis on the tactic . In modern times military deception has developed as a fully fledged doctrine . Misinformation and visual deception were employed during World War I and came into even greater prominence during World War II . In the buildup to the 1944 invasion of Normandy the Allies executed one of the largest deceptions in military history , Operation Bodyguard , helping them achieve full tactical surprise . ", "Disinformation is intentionally false or misleading information that is spread in a calculated way to deceive target audiences . The English word , which did not appear in dictionaries until the late-1980s , is a translation of the Russian дезинформация , transliterated as dezinformatsiya . Disinformation is different from misinformation , which is information that is unintentionally false . Misinformation can be used to define disinformation -- where disinformation is misinformation that is purposefully and intentionally disseminated in order to deceive . Historically the word `` disinformation '' has been reserved for a body of false information propagated at the state and state secret services level but in recent times it has a looser meaning in English relating to propaganda , fake news or a body of lies by any organisation and possibly any individual . ", "In law , fraud is deliberate deception to secure unfair or unlawful gain , or to deprive a victim of a legal right . Fraud itself can be a civil wrong -LRB- i.e. , a fraud victim may sue the fraud perpetrator to avoid the fraud and/or recover monetary compensation -RRB- , a criminal wrong -LRB- i.e. , a fraud perpetrator may be prosecuted and imprisoned by governmental authorities -RRB- or it may cause no loss of money , property or legal right but still be an element of another civil or criminal wrong . The purpose of fraud may be monetary gain or other benefits , such as obtaining a driver 's license or qualifying for a mortgage by way of false statements . A hoax is a distinct concept that involves deliberate deception without the intention of gain or of materially damaging or depriving a victim . ", "Operation Ferdinand was a military deception employed by the Allies during the Second World War . It formed part of Operation Bodyguard , a major strategic deception intended to misdirect and confuse German high command about Allied invasion plans during 1944 . Ferdinand consisted of strategic and tactical deceptions intended to draw attention away from the Operation Dragoon landing areas in southern France by threatening an invasion of Genoa in Italy . Planned by Eugene Sweeney in June and July 1944 and operated until early September , it has been described as `` quite the most successful of ` A ' Force 's strategic deceptions '' . It helped the Allies achieve complete tactical surprise in their landings and pinned down German troops in the Genoa region until late July . ", "MIS-X was a section of the United States Department of War that operated during World War II . It aided U.S. servicemen held as prisoners of war and those evading capture in enemy territory . The section , which was modeled after the British MI9 , was disbanded at the war 's end . MIS-X was based in Fort Hunt , Virginia . Secret equipment such as small compasses , maps , and radios were smuggled into German prisoner of war camps ; to avoid compromising legitimate aid organizations like the Red Cross , MIS-X invented its own aid organizations and created aid packages from these , in which secret items were hidden . A radio code was devised to send messages via BBC broadcasts ; this was based on Morse code : a one-syllable word was a dot , a two syllable word a dash . Such messages were preceded by a bell tone . A method of hiding a message in innocuous-looking outgoing letters to the United States was devised : all incoming letters were screened for such messages before delivery . These were signaled by having the date in numbers rather than letters . American officers who were privy to the secret and codes debriefed incoming prisoners and sent any useful information back to the United States . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 1, 1 ]

[ "The_Catcher_in_the_Rye", "Holden_Caulfield", "A_Pocketful_of_Rye", "Rebel_in_the_Rye", "Dhalgren" ]

[ "The Catcher in the Rye is a 1951 novel by J. D. Salinger . A controversial novel originally published for adults , it has since become popular with adolescent readers for its themes of teenage angst and alienation . It has been translated into almost all of the world 's major languages . Around 1 million copies are sold each year with total sales of more than 65 million books . The novel 's protagonist Holden Caulfield has become an icon for teenage rebellion . The novel also deals with complex issues of innocence , identity , belonging , loss , and connection . The novel was included on Times 2005 list of the 100 best English-language novels written since 1923 and it was named by Modern Library and its readers as one of the 100 best English-language novels of the 20th century . In 2003 , it was listed at # 15 on the BBC 's survey The Big Read . ", "Holden Caulfield is a fictional character in author J. D. Salinger 's 1951 novel The Catcher in the Rye . Since the book 's publication , Holden has become an icon for teenage rebellion and angst , and now stands among the most important characters of 20th-century American literature . The name Holden Caulfield was used in an unpublished short story written in 1942 and first appeared in print in 1945 . Although it has been conjectured that J. D. Salinger got the name for Holden Caulfield in The Catcher in the Rye when he saw a marquee for Dear Ruth -LRB- 1947 -RRB- , starring William Holden and Joan Caulfield , Salinger 's first Holden Caulfield story , `` I 'm Crazy , '' appeared in Collier 's on December 22 , 1945 , a year and a half before this movie was released . ", "A Pocketful of Rye is a 1969 novel by A. J. Cronin about a young Scottish doctor , Carroll , and his life in Switzerland . It is a sequel to A Song of Sixpence . As with several of his other novels , Cronin drew on his own experiences as a doctor for this book . The titles of both novels come from the children 's nursery rhyme , Sing a Song of Sixpence . Category : Novels by A. J. Cronin Category : Sequel novels Category : Novels set in Switzerland Category :1969 British novels Category : Medical novels Category : Victor Gollancz Ltd books Category : Little , Brown and Company books ", "Rebel in the Rye is a 2017 American biographical drama film directed and written by Danny Strong . It is based on the book J. D. Salinger : A Life by Kenneth Slawenski , about the life of young writer J. D. Salinger during World War II . The film stars Nicholas Hoult , Zoey Deutch , Kevin Spacey , Sarah Paulson , Brian d'Arcy James , Victor Garber , Hope Davis , and Lucy Boynton . Principal photography on the film began on April 26 , 2016 in New York City . It premiered at the 2017 Sundance Film Festival on January 24 , 2017 . ", "Dhalgren is a science fiction novel by Samuel R. Delany . The story begins with a cryptic passage : to wound the autumnal city . So howled out for the world to give him a name . The in-dark answered with wind . What follows is an extended trip to and through Bellona , a fictional city in the American Midwest cut off from the rest of the world by some unknown catastrophe . William Gibson has referred to Dhalgren as `` A riddle that was never meant to be solved . '' " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 1, 2 ]

[ "The_Catcher_in_the_Rye", "Holden_Caulfield", "A_Pocketful_of_Rye", "Rebel_in_the_Rye", "Dhalgren" ]

[ "The Catcher in the Rye is a 1951 novel by J. D. Salinger . A controversial novel originally published for adults , it has since become popular with adolescent readers for its themes of teenage angst and alienation . It has been translated into almost all of the world 's major languages . Around 1 million copies are sold each year with total sales of more than 65 million books . The novel 's protagonist Holden Caulfield has become an icon for teenage rebellion . The novel also deals with complex issues of innocence , identity , belonging , loss , and connection . The novel was included on Times 2005 list of the 100 best English-language novels written since 1923 and it was named by Modern Library and its readers as one of the 100 best English-language novels of the 20th century . In 2003 , it was listed at # 15 on the BBC 's survey The Big Read . ", "Holden Caulfield is a fictional character in author J. D. Salinger 's 1951 novel The Catcher in the Rye . Since the book 's publication , Holden has become an icon for teenage rebellion and angst , and now stands among the most important characters of 20th-century American literature . The name Holden Caulfield was used in an unpublished short story written in 1942 and first appeared in print in 1945 . Although it has been conjectured that J. D. Salinger got the name for Holden Caulfield in The Catcher in the Rye when he saw a marquee for Dear Ruth -LRB- 1947 -RRB- , starring William Holden and Joan Caulfield , Salinger 's first Holden Caulfield story , `` I 'm Crazy , '' appeared in Collier 's on December 22 , 1945 , a year and a half before this movie was released . ", "A Pocketful of Rye is a 1969 novel by A. J. Cronin about a young Scottish doctor , Carroll , and his life in Switzerland . It is a sequel to A Song of Sixpence . As with several of his other novels , Cronin drew on his own experiences as a doctor for this book . The titles of both novels come from the children 's nursery rhyme , Sing a Song of Sixpence . Category : Novels by A. J. Cronin Category : Sequel novels Category : Novels set in Switzerland Category :1969 British novels Category : Medical novels Category : Victor Gollancz Ltd books Category : Little , Brown and Company books ", "Rebel in the Rye is a 2017 American biographical drama film directed and written by Danny Strong . It is based on the book J. D. Salinger : A Life by Kenneth Slawenski , about the life of young writer J. D. Salinger during World War II . The film stars Nicholas Hoult , Zoey Deutch , Kevin Spacey , Sarah Paulson , Brian d'Arcy James , Victor Garber , Hope Davis , and Lucy Boynton . Principal photography on the film began on April 26 , 2016 in New York City . It premiered at the 2017 Sundance Film Festival on January 24 , 2017 . ", "Dhalgren is a science fiction novel by Samuel R. Delany . The story begins with a cryptic passage : to wound the autumnal city . So howled out for the world to give him a name . The in-dark answered with wind . What follows is an extended trip to and through Bellona , a fictional city in the American Midwest cut off from the rest of the world by some unknown catastrophe . William Gibson has referred to Dhalgren as `` A riddle that was never meant to be solved . '' " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 1, 2 ]

[ "Internet_access", "Internet", "Access_to_public_information_in_Albania", "Internet_in_Indonesia", "Web_browser" ]

[ "Internet access is ability of individuals and organizations to connect to the Internet using computer terminals , computers , mobile devices ; and to access services such as email and the World Wide Web . Various technologies , at a wide range of speeds have been used by Internet service providers -LRB- ISPs -RRB- to provide this service . Internet access was once rare , but has grown rapidly . In 1995 , only .04 percent of the world 's population had access , with well over half of those living in the United States , and consumer use was through dial-up . By the first decade of the 21st century , many consumers in developed nations used faster broadband technology , and by 2014 , 41 percent of the world 's population had access , broadband was almost ubiquitous worldwide , and global average connection speeds exceeded 4 Mbit/s . ", "The Internet is the global system of interconnected computer networks that use the Internet protocol suite -LRB- TCP/IP -RRB- to link devices worldwide . It is a network of networks that consists of private , public , academic , business , and government networks of local to global scope , linked by a broad array of electronic , wireless , and optical networking technologies . The Internet carries an extensive range of information resources and services , such as the inter-linked hypertext documents and applications of the World Wide Web -LRB- WWW -RRB- , electronic mail , telephony , and file sharing . The origins of the Internet date back to research commissioned by the United States federal government in the 1960s to build robust , fault-tolerant communication via computer networks . The primary precursor network , the ARPANET , initially served as a backbone for interconnection of regional academic and military networks in the 1980s . The funding of the National Science Foundation Network as a new backbone in the 1980s , as well as private funding for other commercial extensions , led to worldwide participation in the development of new networking technologies , and the merger of many networks . The linking of commercial networks and enterprises by the early 1990s marks the beginning of the transition to the modern Internet , and generated a sustained exponential growth as generations of institutional , personal , and mobile computers were connected to the network . Although the Internet was widely used by academia since the 1980s , the commercialization incorporated its services and technologies into virtually every aspect of modern life . Internet use grew rapidly in the West from the mid-1990s and from the late 1990s in the developing world . In the two decades since then , Internet use has grown 100-times , measured for the period of one year , to over one third of the world population . Most traditional communications media , including telephony , radio , television , paper mail and newspapers are being reshaped or redefined by the Internet , giving birth to new services such as email , Internet telephony , Internet television , online music , digital newspapers , and video streaming websites . Newspaper , book , and other print publishing are adapting to website technology , or are reshaped into blogging , web feeds and online news aggregators . The Internet has enabled and accelerated new forms of personal interactions through instant messaging , Internet forums , and social networking . Online shopping has grown exponentially both for major retailers and small businesses and entrepreneurs , as it enables firms to extend their `` brick and mortar '' presence to serve a larger market or even sell goods and services entirely online . Business-to-business and financial services on the Internet affect supply chains across entire industries . The Internet has no centralized governance in either technological implementation or policies for access and usage ; each constituent network sets its own policies . Only the overreaching definitions of the two principal name spaces in the Internet , the Internet Protocol address space and the Domain Name System -LRB- DNS -RRB- , are directed by a maintainer organization , the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers -LRB- ICANN -RRB- . The technical underpinning and standardization of the core protocols is an activity of the Internet Engineering Task Force -LRB- IETF -RRB- , a non-profit organization of loosely affiliated international participants that anyone may associate with by contributing technical expertise . ", "Access to public information and freedom of information -LRB- FOI -RRB- refer to the right to access information held by public bodies also known as `` right to know '' . Access to public information is considered of fundamental importance for the effective functioning of democratic systems , as it enhances governments ' and public officials ' accountability , boosting people participation and allowing their informed participation into public life . The fundamental premise of the right to access public information is that the information held by governmental institutions is in principle public and may be concealed only on the basis of legitimate reasons which should be detailed in the law . In Albania the right to access to public information is guaranteed by the Constitution and by the Law on the Right to Information approved in 2014 and providing for a sound legal framework regulating access to public information . However , despite some significant progress toward securing the right to information over the last years , notable weakness remains in the functioning of the system and in the implementation of the law . Access is still a challenge in a country with a strong culture of secrecy and confidentiality . ", "The Internet is a relatively new communication medium in Indonesia , an archipelago that includes more than 17,001 islands . Several Internet access services are available in Indonesia , ranging from fiber optic , ADSL to mobile Internet . Telephone line-based service was among the first Internet access services in Indonesia with PT Telkom as the main player who controlled most fixed-line telephone networks . ", "A web browser -LRB- commonly referred to as a browser -RRB- is a software application for retrieving , presenting and traversing information resources on the World Wide Web . An information resource is identified by a Uniform Resource Identifier -LRB- URI/URL -RRB- that may be a web page , image , video or other piece of content . Hyperlinks present in resources enable users easily to navigate their browsers to related resources . Although browsers are primarily intended to use the World Wide Web , they can also be used to access information provided by web servers in private networks or files in file systems . The most popular web browsers are Google Chrome , Microsoft Edge -LRB- preceded by Internet Explorer -RRB- , Safari , Opera and Firefox . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "Internet_access", "Internet", "Access_to_public_information_in_Albania", "Internet_in_Indonesia", "Web_browser" ]

[ "Internet access is ability of individuals and organizations to connect to the Internet using computer terminals , computers , mobile devices ; and to access services such as email and the World Wide Web . Various technologies , at a wide range of speeds have been used by Internet service providers -LRB- ISPs -RRB- to provide this service . Internet access was once rare , but has grown rapidly . In 1995 , only .04 percent of the world 's population had access , with well over half of those living in the United States , and consumer use was through dial-up . By the first decade of the 21st century , many consumers in developed nations used faster broadband technology , and by 2014 , 41 percent of the world 's population had access , broadband was almost ubiquitous worldwide , and global average connection speeds exceeded 4 Mbit/s . ", "The Internet is the global system of interconnected computer networks that use the Internet protocol suite -LRB- TCP/IP -RRB- to link devices worldwide . It is a network of networks that consists of private , public , academic , business , and government networks of local to global scope , linked by a broad array of electronic , wireless , and optical networking technologies . The Internet carries an extensive range of information resources and services , such as the inter-linked hypertext documents and applications of the World Wide Web -LRB- WWW -RRB- , electronic mail , telephony , and file sharing . The origins of the Internet date back to research commissioned by the United States federal government in the 1960s to build robust , fault-tolerant communication via computer networks . The primary precursor network , the ARPANET , initially served as a backbone for interconnection of regional academic and military networks in the 1980s . The funding of the National Science Foundation Network as a new backbone in the 1980s , as well as private funding for other commercial extensions , led to worldwide participation in the development of new networking technologies , and the merger of many networks . The linking of commercial networks and enterprises by the early 1990s marks the beginning of the transition to the modern Internet , and generated a sustained exponential growth as generations of institutional , personal , and mobile computers were connected to the network . Although the Internet was widely used by academia since the 1980s , the commercialization incorporated its services and technologies into virtually every aspect of modern life . Internet use grew rapidly in the West from the mid-1990s and from the late 1990s in the developing world . In the two decades since then , Internet use has grown 100-times , measured for the period of one year , to over one third of the world population . Most traditional communications media , including telephony , radio , television , paper mail and newspapers are being reshaped or redefined by the Internet , giving birth to new services such as email , Internet telephony , Internet television , online music , digital newspapers , and video streaming websites . Newspaper , book , and other print publishing are adapting to website technology , or are reshaped into blogging , web feeds and online news aggregators . The Internet has enabled and accelerated new forms of personal interactions through instant messaging , Internet forums , and social networking . Online shopping has grown exponentially both for major retailers and small businesses and entrepreneurs , as it enables firms to extend their `` brick and mortar '' presence to serve a larger market or even sell goods and services entirely online . Business-to-business and financial services on the Internet affect supply chains across entire industries . The Internet has no centralized governance in either technological implementation or policies for access and usage ; each constituent network sets its own policies . Only the overreaching definitions of the two principal name spaces in the Internet , the Internet Protocol address space and the Domain Name System -LRB- DNS -RRB- , are directed by a maintainer organization , the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers -LRB- ICANN -RRB- . The technical underpinning and standardization of the core protocols is an activity of the Internet Engineering Task Force -LRB- IETF -RRB- , a non-profit organization of loosely affiliated international participants that anyone may associate with by contributing technical expertise . ", "Access to public information and freedom of information -LRB- FOI -RRB- refer to the right to access information held by public bodies also known as `` right to know '' . Access to public information is considered of fundamental importance for the effective functioning of democratic systems , as it enhances governments ' and public officials ' accountability , boosting people participation and allowing their informed participation into public life . The fundamental premise of the right to access public information is that the information held by governmental institutions is in principle public and may be concealed only on the basis of legitimate reasons which should be detailed in the law . In Albania the right to access to public information is guaranteed by the Constitution and by the Law on the Right to Information approved in 2014 and providing for a sound legal framework regulating access to public information . However , despite some significant progress toward securing the right to information over the last years , notable weakness remains in the functioning of the system and in the implementation of the law . Access is still a challenge in a country with a strong culture of secrecy and confidentiality . ", "The Internet is a relatively new communication medium in Indonesia , an archipelago that includes more than 17,001 islands . Several Internet access services are available in Indonesia , ranging from fiber optic , ADSL to mobile Internet . Telephone line-based service was among the first Internet access services in Indonesia with PT Telkom as the main player who controlled most fixed-line telephone networks . ", "A web browser -LRB- commonly referred to as a browser -RRB- is a software application for retrieving , presenting and traversing information resources on the World Wide Web . An information resource is identified by a Uniform Resource Identifier -LRB- URI/URL -RRB- that may be a web page , image , video or other piece of content . Hyperlinks present in resources enable users easily to navigate their browsers to related resources . Although browsers are primarily intended to use the World Wide Web , they can also be used to access information provided by web servers in private networks or files in file systems . The most popular web browsers are Google Chrome , Microsoft Edge -LRB- preceded by Internet Explorer -RRB- , Safari , Opera and Firefox . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "Internet_access", "Internet", "Access_to_public_information_in_Albania", "Internet_in_Indonesia", "Web_browser" ]

[ "Internet access is ability of individuals and organizations to connect to the Internet using computer terminals , computers , mobile devices ; and to access services such as email and the World Wide Web . Various technologies , at a wide range of speeds have been used by Internet service providers -LRB- ISPs -RRB- to provide this service . Internet access was once rare , but has grown rapidly . In 1995 , only .04 percent of the world 's population had access , with well over half of those living in the United States , and consumer use was through dial-up . By the first decade of the 21st century , many consumers in developed nations used faster broadband technology , and by 2014 , 41 percent of the world 's population had access , broadband was almost ubiquitous worldwide , and global average connection speeds exceeded 4 Mbit/s . ", "The Internet is the global system of interconnected computer networks that use the Internet protocol suite -LRB- TCP/IP -RRB- to link devices worldwide . It is a network of networks that consists of private , public , academic , business , and government networks of local to global scope , linked by a broad array of electronic , wireless , and optical networking technologies . The Internet carries an extensive range of information resources and services , such as the inter-linked hypertext documents and applications of the World Wide Web -LRB- WWW -RRB- , electronic mail , telephony , and file sharing . The origins of the Internet date back to research commissioned by the United States federal government in the 1960s to build robust , fault-tolerant communication via computer networks . The primary precursor network , the ARPANET , initially served as a backbone for interconnection of regional academic and military networks in the 1980s . The funding of the National Science Foundation Network as a new backbone in the 1980s , as well as private funding for other commercial extensions , led to worldwide participation in the development of new networking technologies , and the merger of many networks . The linking of commercial networks and enterprises by the early 1990s marks the beginning of the transition to the modern Internet , and generated a sustained exponential growth as generations of institutional , personal , and mobile computers were connected to the network . Although the Internet was widely used by academia since the 1980s , the commercialization incorporated its services and technologies into virtually every aspect of modern life . Internet use grew rapidly in the West from the mid-1990s and from the late 1990s in the developing world . In the two decades since then , Internet use has grown 100-times , measured for the period of one year , to over one third of the world population . Most traditional communications media , including telephony , radio , television , paper mail and newspapers are being reshaped or redefined by the Internet , giving birth to new services such as email , Internet telephony , Internet television , online music , digital newspapers , and video streaming websites . Newspaper , book , and other print publishing are adapting to website technology , or are reshaped into blogging , web feeds and online news aggregators . The Internet has enabled and accelerated new forms of personal interactions through instant messaging , Internet forums , and social networking . Online shopping has grown exponentially both for major retailers and small businesses and entrepreneurs , as it enables firms to extend their `` brick and mortar '' presence to serve a larger market or even sell goods and services entirely online . Business-to-business and financial services on the Internet affect supply chains across entire industries . The Internet has no centralized governance in either technological implementation or policies for access and usage ; each constituent network sets its own policies . Only the overreaching definitions of the two principal name spaces in the Internet , the Internet Protocol address space and the Domain Name System -LRB- DNS -RRB- , are directed by a maintainer organization , the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers -LRB- ICANN -RRB- . The technical underpinning and standardization of the core protocols is an activity of the Internet Engineering Task Force -LRB- IETF -RRB- , a non-profit organization of loosely affiliated international participants that anyone may associate with by contributing technical expertise . ", "Access to public information and freedom of information -LRB- FOI -RRB- refer to the right to access information held by public bodies also known as `` right to know '' . Access to public information is considered of fundamental importance for the effective functioning of democratic systems , as it enhances governments ' and public officials ' accountability , boosting people participation and allowing their informed participation into public life . The fundamental premise of the right to access public information is that the information held by governmental institutions is in principle public and may be concealed only on the basis of legitimate reasons which should be detailed in the law . In Albania the right to access to public information is guaranteed by the Constitution and by the Law on the Right to Information approved in 2014 and providing for a sound legal framework regulating access to public information . However , despite some significant progress toward securing the right to information over the last years , notable weakness remains in the functioning of the system and in the implementation of the law . Access is still a challenge in a country with a strong culture of secrecy and confidentiality . ", "The Internet is a relatively new communication medium in Indonesia , an archipelago that includes more than 17,001 islands . Several Internet access services are available in Indonesia , ranging from fiber optic , ADSL to mobile Internet . Telephone line-based service was among the first Internet access services in Indonesia with PT Telkom as the main player who controlled most fixed-line telephone networks . ", "A web browser -LRB- commonly referred to as a browser -RRB- is a software application for retrieving , presenting and traversing information resources on the World Wide Web . An information resource is identified by a Uniform Resource Identifier -LRB- URI/URL -RRB- that may be a web page , image , video or other piece of content . Hyperlinks present in resources enable users easily to navigate their browsers to related resources . Although browsers are primarily intended to use the World Wide Web , they can also be used to access information provided by web servers in private networks or files in file systems . The most popular web browsers are Google Chrome , Microsoft Edge -LRB- preceded by Internet Explorer -RRB- , Safari , Opera and Firefox . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "Ronaldinho", "José_Rodrigues_Neto", "Alvito_D'Cunha", "Jonas_Eduardo_Américo", "Vítor_Silva" ]

[ "Ronaldo de Assis Moreira -LRB- born 21 March 1980 -RRB- , commonly known as Ronaldinho -LRB- -LSB- ʁonawˈdʒĩɲu -RSB- -RRB- or Ronaldinho Gaúcho , is a Brazilian professional footballer and current club ambassador for Spanish club FC Barcelona after signing for them in September 2016 . His main playing position is as an attacking midfielder or forward . He won the FIFA World Player of the Year award in 2004 and 2005 . Renowned for his technique , tricks , dribbling , overhead kicks , no-look passes and free kicks , Ronaldinho is regarded to be one of the best players of his generation . `` Ronaldinho '' , the lengthened term of endearment for `` Ronaldo '' , is accompanied in Brazilian usage by the nickname `` Gaúcho '' -LRB- since he hails from southern Brazil -RRB- , in order to distinguish him from fellow footballer and countryman Ronaldo , who was known as `` Ronaldinho '' in Brazil beforehand . Ronaldo went by his first name upon his move to Europe , thereby allowing Ronaldinho to drop the `` Gaúcho '' and go by the name Ronaldinho abroad . Ronaldinho has played 97 matches and scored 33 goals for the Brazil national team . He was an integral part of the 2002 FIFA World Cup-winning team in Korea and Japan , starring alongside Ronaldo and Rivaldo in an attacking trio , and was named in the FIFA World Cup All-Star Team . At club level , Ronaldinho played first for the Brazilian club Grêmio before spending the bulk of his career with European clubs Paris Saint-Germain , Barcelona and Milan . He then returned to Brazil to play for Flamengo and Atlético Mineiro before moving to Mexico to play for Querétaro . With Barcelona , he won La Liga twice , the UEFA Champions League in 2006 and accumulated numerous individual awards , including the FIFA World Player of the Year in 2004 and 2005 and the Ballon d'Or in 2005 . Ronaldinho was named in the FIFA 100 , a list of the world 's greatest living players compiled by Pelé , and to the FIFPro World XI from 2005 -- 2007 . ", "José Rodrigues Neto -LRB- born in Central de Minas , Minas Gerais , 6 December 1949 -RRB- is a former Brazilian football fullback and manager . During his career -LRB- 1965 -- 1984 -RRB- he played for the following Brazilian clubs : Vitória , Flamengo , Fluminense , Botafogo , Internacional , São Cristóvão . He also played in Argentina with Ferro Carril Oeste and Boca Juniors , and closed his career in Hong Kong with South China and Eastern club teams . He won four Rio de Janeiro State League -LRB- 1967 , 1972 , 1974 , 1976 -RRB- , two Rio Grande do Sul State League -LRB- 1981 , 1982 -RRB- and one Guanabara Cup -LRB- 1970 -RRB- . For the Brazil national football team he got 11 international caps from July 1972 to June 1978 , he did not score any goals , and played four matches in the 1978 FIFA World Cup . Rodrigues Neto was widely desirable due to his ability to utilize both legs . He was able to overcome his adversaries by kicking with both right or left legs ", "Alvito Ronaldo Correia D'Cunha -LRB- born 12 July 1978 in Sanvordem -RRB- is a Retired football player from India . He is a former member of the Indian team and represented India in the 2002 world cup qualifiers . He played for East Bengal as a left winger for a long span of 14 seasons.He retired at the start of 2016 season as the club has predictably not included Alvito D'Cunha in the squad . He previously played for Salgaocar SC -LRB- 1998 -- 2002 -RRB- and Sesa SC -LRB- 1997 -- 1998 -RRB- . He made a start after a few years for East Bengal against Kalighat Milan Sangha F.C. in the inaugural match of the Calcutta Premier Division 2013 , where he scored from a penalty on the 15th minute , and assisted his state-mate Joaquim Abranches with a forward through pass to score his first goal for the Kolkata-based side . ", "Jonas Eduardo Américo , called Edu , -LRB- born 6 August 1949 -RRB- is a former Brazilian footballer . Edu was born in Jaú , São Paulo . From 1966 to 1985 he played for Santos , Corinthians , Internacional , Tigres UANL -LRB- in Mexico -RRB- , São Cristovão and Nacional Fast Clube . He won five Campeonato Paulista titles -LRB- 1967 , 1968 , 1969 , 1973 , 1977 -RRB- and received the Brazilian Silver Ball Award in 1971 . With the Brazilian team he played in 42 matches , from June 1966 to June 1976 , and scored eight goals . He was a 1970 World Champion , and was also selected for Brazil at the 1966 and the 1974 FIFA World Cup . He played once in 1970 and once in 1974 . He was also called up for the 1966 FIFA World Cup , at 16 years and 339 days of age at the start of the tournament , being the youngest player to ever be called up for the tournament ; however , he did not play in any match . More recently Edu played in an all-stars masters team in touring exhibition matches . ", "Vítor Marcolino da Silva -LRB- 20 February 1909 -- 21 July 1982 -RRB- was a Portuguese footballer . Listed by Benfica , as one of the club 's best forwards in history , Silva represented the club on 131 official games , scoring 108 goals . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Mormons", "The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints", "Timeline_of_LGBT_Mormon_history", "The_Book_of_Mormon_-LRB-musical-RRB-", "Criticism_of_Mormon_sacred_texts" ]

[ "Mormons -LRB- -LSB- ˈmɔrmənz -RSB- -RRB- are a religious and cultural group related to Mormonism , the principal branch of the Latter Day Saint movement of Restorationist Christianity , initiated by Joseph Smith in upstate New York during the 1820s . After Smith 's death in 1844 , the Mormons followed Brigham Young to what would become the Utah Territory . Today , most Mormons are understood to be members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints -LRB- LDS Church -RRB- . Some Mormons are also either independent or non-practicing . The center of Mormon cultural influence is in Utah , and North America has more Mormons than any other continent , though the majority of Mormons live outside the United States . Mormons have developed a strong sense of communality that stems from their doctrine and history . During the 19th century , Mormon converts tended to gather to a central geographic location , and between 1852 and 1890 a minority of Mormons openly practiced plural marriage , a form of religious polygamy . Mormons dedicate large amounts of time and resources to serving in their church , and many young Mormons choose to serve a full-time proselytizing mission . Mormons have a health code which eschews alcoholic beverages , tobacco , coffee , tea , and other addictive substances . They tend to be very family-oriented , and have strong connections across generations and with extended family , reflective of their belief that families can be sealed together beyond death . Mormons also have a strict law of chastity , requiring abstention from sexual relations outside of heterosexual marriage and fidelity within marriage . Mormons self-identify as Christian , although some non-Mormons consider Mormons non-Christian and some of their beliefs differ from mainstream Christianity . Mormons believe in the Bible , as well as other books of scripture , such as the Book of Mormon . They have a unique view of cosmology , and believe that all people are spirit-children of God . Mormons believe that returning to God requires following the example of Jesus Christ , and accepting his atonement through ordinances such as baptism . They believe that Christ 's church was restored through Joseph Smith and is guided by living prophets and apostles . Central to Mormon faith is the belief that God speaks to his children and answers their prayers . Due to their high birth and conversion rates , the Mormon population has grown significantly in recent decades . The number of members in 1971 was 3,090,953 and now in 2017 based on the Annual Report , there are 15,882,417 worldwide . ", "The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints -LRB- the LDS Church or , informally , the Mormon Church -RRB- is a Christian restorationist church that is considered by its members to be the restoration of the original church founded by Jesus Christ . The church is headquartered in Salt Lake City , Utah , and has established congregations and built temples worldwide . According to the church , it has over 70,000 missionaries and a membership of over 15 million . It is ranked by the National Council of Churches as the fourth-largest Christian denomination in the United States . It is the largest denomination in the Latter Day Saint movement founded by Joseph Smith during the period of religious revival known as the Second Great Awakening . Adherents , often referred to as `` Latter-day Saints '' , or , less formally , `` Mormons '' , view faith in Jesus Christ and his atonement as fundamental principles of their religion . LDS theology includes the Christian doctrine of salvation only through Jesus Christ , though LDS doctrines regarding the nature of God and the potential of mankind differ significantly from mainstream Christianity . The church has an open canon which includes four scriptural texts : the Bible -LRB- both Old and New Testaments -RRB- , the Book of Mormon , the Doctrine and Covenants , and the Pearl of Great Price . Other than the Bible , the majority of the LDS canon constitutes revelation spoken by Joseph Smith and recorded by his scribes which includes commentary and exegesis about the Bible , texts described as lost parts of the Bible , and other works believed to be written by ancient prophets . Because of some of the doctrinal differences , some Catholic , Orthodox , and Protestant churches consider the LDS Church to be distinct and separate from mainstream Christianity . Under the doctrine of continuing revelation , Latter-day Saints believe that the church president is a modern-day `` prophet , seer , and revelator '' and that Jesus Christ , under the direction of God the Father , leads the church by revealing his will to its president . The current president is Thomas S. Monson . Individual members of the church believe that they can also receive personal revelation from God in conducting their lives . The president heads a hierarchical structure with various levels reaching down to local congregations . Bishops , drawn from the laity , lead local congregations . Male members , after reaching age 12 , may be ordained to the priesthood , provided they are living the standards of the church . Women do not hold positions within the priesthood , but do occupy leadership roles in some church auxiliary organizations . Both men and women may serve as missionaries , and the church maintains a large missionary program which proselytizes and conducts humanitarian services worldwide . Faithful members adhere to church laws of sexual purity , health , fasting , and Sabbath observance , and contribute ten percent of their income to the church in tithing . In addition , the church teaches sacred ordinances through which adherents make covenants with God , including baptism , confirmation , the sacrament -LRB- holy communion -RRB- , endowment , and celestial marriage -LRB- marriage blessings which extend beyond mortality -RRB- -- all of which are of great significance to church members . ", "This is a timeline of LGBT Mormon history consisting of events , publications , and speeches at the intersection of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and LGBT individuals . During almost every year since 1970 the LDS church has at least one official publication or speech from a high-ranking leader referencing LGBT topics . ", "The Book of Mormon is a musical comedy about two young Mormon missionaries who travel to Africa to preach the Mormon religion . First staged in 2011 , the play satirizes various Mormon beliefs and practices . The script , lyrics , and music were written by Robert Lopez , Trey Parker , and Matt Stone . Best known for creating the animated comedy South Park , Parker and Stone co-created the music with Lopez , the co-composer/co-lyricist of Avenue Q , and , subsequently , Frozen . The Book of Mormon follows two Mormon missionaries as they attempt to share their scriptures with the inhabitants of a remote Ugandan village . The earnest young men are challenged by the lack of interest of the locals , who are preoccupied with more pressing troubles such as AIDS , famine , and oppression from the local warlord . In 2003 , Trey Parker , Robert Lopez , and Matt Stone began developing the musical , meeting sporadically for several years after Parker and Stone saw Avenue Q. Parker and Stone grew up in Colorado , and references to The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints had been commonplace in their previous works . For research , the trio took a trip to Salt Lake City to meet with current and former Mormon missionaries . Beginning in 2008 , developmental workshops were staged . The show 's producer , Scott Rudin , opted to open the show directly on Broadway . The show opened on Broadway in March 2011 , after nearly seven years of development . The LDS Church issued a polite , measured response to the musical , and purchased advertising space in its playbill in later runs . The Book of Mormon garnered overwhelmingly positive critical responses , and set records in ticket sales for the Eugene O'Neill Theatre . The show was awarded nine Tony Awards , one of which was for Best Musical , and a Grammy Award for Best Musical Theater Album . The original Broadway cast recording became the highest-charting Broadway cast album in over four decades , reaching number three on the Billboard charts . In 2013 , the musical premiered in the West End . Since then , it has staged two US national tours . An Australian production opened in Melbourne and a Swedish production opened in Stockholm in 2017 . ", "The Latter Day Saints believe that the Book of Mormon is a sacred text with the same divine authority as the Bible . Some Latter Day Saints also recognize the Pearl of Great Price and Doctrine and Covenants as scripture . Religious and scholarly critics outside the Latter Day Saint movement have disputed this view , questioning the traditional narrative of how these books came to light , and the extent to which they describe actual events . They cite research in history , archeology , and other disciplines to support their contentions . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Personality", "Cold-core_low", "Thunderstorm", "Rainband", "Heidi_Cullen" ]

[ "Personality is a set of individual differences that are affected by the development of an individual : values , attitudes , personal memories , social relationships , habits , and skills . Different personality theorists present their own definitions of the word based on their theoretical positions . The term `` personality trait '' refers to enduring personal characteristics that are revealed in a particular pattern of behaviour in a variety of situations . ", "A cold-core low , also known as an upper level low or cold-core cyclone , is a cyclone aloft which has an associated cold pool of air residing at high altitude within the Earth 's troposphere . It is a low pressure system which strengthens with height in accordance with the thermal wind relationship . These systems can be referred to as upper level lows . If a weak surface circulation forms in response to such a feature at subtropical latitudes of the eastern north Pacific or north Indian oceans , it is called a subtropical cyclone . Cloud cover and rainfall mainly occurs with these systems during the day . Severe weather , such as tornadoes , can occur near the center of cold-core lows . Cold lows can help spawn cyclones with significant weather impacts , such as polar lows , and Von Karman Vortices . In regard to tropical cyclones , cold lows can lead directly to their development due to their associated cold pool of air aloft or by acting as additional outflow channels to aid in further development . ", "A thunderstorm , also known as an electrical storm , lightning storm , or thundershower , is a storm characterized by the presence of lightning and its acoustic effect on the Earth 's atmosphere , known as thunder . Thunderstorms occur in association with a type of cloud known as a cumulonimbus . They are usually accompanied by strong winds , heavy rain , and sometimes snow , sleet , hail , or , in contrast , no precipitation at all . Thunderstorms may line up in a series or become a rainband , known as a squall line . Strong or severe thunderstorms , known as supercells , rotate as do cyclones . While most thunderstorms move with the mean wind flow through the layer of the troposphere that they occupy , vertical wind shear sometimes causes a deviation in their course at a right angle to the wind shear direction . Thunderstorms result from the rapid upward movement of warm , moist air , sometimes along a front . As the warm , moist air moves upward , it cools , condenses , and forms a cumulonimbus cloud that can reach heights of over 20 km . As the rising air reaches its dew point temperature , water vapor condenses into water droplets or ice , reducing pressure locally within the thunderstorm cell . Any precipitation falls the long distance through the clouds towards the Earth 's surface . As the droplets fall , they collide with other droplets and become larger . The falling droplets create a downdraft as it pulls cold air with it , and this cold air spreads out at the Earth 's surface , occasionally causing strong winds that are commonly associated with thunderstorms . Thunderstorms can form and develop in any geographic location but most frequently within the mid-latitude , where warm , moist air from tropical latitudes collides with cooler air from polar latitudes . Thunderstorms are responsible for the development and formation of many severe weather phenomena . Thunderstorms , and the phenomena that occur along with them , pose great hazards . Damage that results from thunderstorms is mainly inflicted by downburst winds , large hailstones , and flash flooding caused by heavy precipitation . Stronger thunderstorm cells are capable of producing tornadoes and waterspouts . There are four types of thunderstorms : single-cell , multi-cell cluster , multi-cell lines , and supercells . Supercell thunderstorms are the strongest and the most associated with severe weather phenomena . Mesoscale convective systems formed by favorable vertical wind shear within the tropics and subtropics can be responsible for the development of hurricanes . Dry thunderstorms , with no precipitation , can cause the outbreak of wildfires from the heat generated from the cloud-to-ground lightning that accompanies them . Several means are used to study thunderstorms : weather radar , weather stations , and video photography . Past civilizations held various myths concerning thunderstorms and their development as late as the 18th century . Beyond the Earth 's atmosphere , thunderstorms have also been observed on the planets of Jupiter , Saturn , Neptune , and , probably , Venus . ", "A rainband is a cloud and precipitation structure associated with an area of rainfall which is significantly elongated . Rainbands can be stratiform or convective , and are generated by differences in temperature . When noted on weather radar imagery , this precipitation elongation is referred to as banded structure . Rainbands within tropical cyclones are curved in orientation . Tropical cyclone rainbands contain showers and thunderstorms that , together with the eyewall and the eye , constitute a hurricane or tropical storm . The extent of rainbands around a tropical cyclone can help determine the cyclone 's intensity . Rainbands spawned near and ahead of cold fronts can be squall lines which are able to produce tornadoes . Rainbands associated with cold fronts can be warped by mountain barriers perpendicular to the front 's orientation due to the formation of a low-level barrier jet . Bands of thunderstorms can form with sea breeze and land breeze boundaries , if enough moisture is present . If sea breeze rainbands become active enough just ahead of a cold front , they can mask the location of the cold front itself . Banding within the comma head precipitation pattern of an extratropical cyclone can yield significant amounts of rain or snow . Behind extratropical cyclones , rainbands can form downwind of relative warm bodies of water such as the Great Lakes . If the atmosphere is cold enough , these rainbands can yield heavy snow . ", "Heidi Cullen is the chief scientist for the non-profit environmental organization , Climate Central , located in Princeton , New Jersey . In addition , she is a guest lecturer at nearby Princeton University , and the author of the book , The Weather of the Future . An expert and commentator about issues related to climate change and the environment , she was an on-air personality at The Weather Channel , and is a senior research fellow at the University of Pennsylvania -LRB- Penn -RRB- . " ]

[ 0, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "John_S._McCain_Jr.", "Early_life_of_George_W._Bush", "William_Bee_Ravenel_III", "Jeb_Bush", "J._S._Pridemore" ]

[ "John Sidney `` Jack '' McCain Jr. -LRB- January 17 , 1911 -- March 22 , 1981 -RRB- was a United States Navy admiral , who served in conflicts from the 1940s through the 1970s , including as the Commander , United States Pacific Command . McCain grew up in Washington , D.C. , and graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1931 , after which he entered the submarine service . In World War II , he commanded submarines in several theaters of operation , was responsible for sinking several Japanese ships , and was decorated with both the Silver Star and Bronze Star . After the war , he held a variety of commands , specializing in amphibious warfare . He led the 1965 U.S. invasion of the Dominican Republic . He also served in several posts in Washington , including the Legislative Affairs Office and Chief of Naval Information , where he became influential in political affairs . He was a staunch anti-Communist , and was such an advocate of a strong naval presence that he became known as `` Mr. Seapower '' . During the Vietnam War , McCain was Commander-in-Chief , Pacific Command -LRB- CINCPAC -RRB- , commander of all U.S. forces in the Vietnam theater from 1968 to 1972 . He was a stalwart supporter of President Richard Nixon 's policy of Vietnamization . McCain played a significant role in the militarization of U.S. policy towards Cambodia , helping to convince Nixon to launch the 1970 Cambodian Incursion and establishing a personal relationship with Cambodian leader Lon Nol . McCain was also a proponent of the 1971 incursion into Laos . McCain retired from the Navy in 1972 . His father , John S. McCain Sr. , was also an admiral in the Navy and a naval aviator , and the two were the first father-son pair to achieve four-star rank . His son , John S. McCain III , is a former naval aviator who was a prisoner of war in North Vietnam during McCain 's time as CINCPAC , who retired with the rank of captain and then became a United States Senator and the 2008 Republican Party nominee for President of the United States . ", "George W. Bush , the oldest child in a family of six children was born in the city of New Haven , Connecticut , grew up in the Texan cities of Midland and Houston . He studied at Yale University and the Harvard Business School before serving in the Texas Air National Guard . Bush would later be part owner and managing partner of the Texas Rangers baseball franchise , become governor of Texas and eventually become the 43rd President of the United States . ", "William Bee Ravenel III -LRB- Aug 9 , 1914 -- May 12 , 1968 -RRB- was an educator and a soldier . As head of the English Department at the Episcopal High School in Alexandria , Virginia , he was a major influence on the life of Arizona senator and 2008 U.S. presidential candidate John McCain , who called Ravenel `` one of the finest men I have ever known '' . During World War II Maj. Ravenel received both the Silver Star and the Bronze Star with two Oak Leaf Clusters while serving in the 6th Armored Division of General George Patton 's Third Army . He became a Colonel in the U.S. Army Reserve while teaching at Episcopal High . Sen. McCain reflected on the positive impact Mr. Ravenel had on his life in an interview with the Harvard Mentoring Project of the Harvard School of Public Health : `` I have never forgotten the confidence his praise gave me . Nor did I ever forget the man who praised me . Years later , during the time I was imprisoned in Vietnam , I thought about Mr. Ravenel a lot . He was the one who reinforced in me the standards of honorable behavior . I was faced with several decisions and one in particular , would I accept an offer of the Vietnamese to go home early ? I thought about the fact that Mr. Ravenel had been in combat in World War II and thus had a feel for what I was involved in . And I really believed , as I thought about it and considered it , that Mr. Ravenel would n't look favorably upon such a decision , because it was not an honorable one . So , I refused the offer ... `` After I returned home , Mr. Ravenel was the only person outside of my family who I wanted to see , because his approval or disapproval of me was probably more important than anyone else 's in my life , outside of my father 's . I felt he was someone to whom I could explain what had happened to me , and who would understand . That is a high tribute to Mr. Ravenel . `` I regret that I was never able to pay him that tribute . Upon return I found that my mentor had passed on . Mr. Ravenel had died of a heart attack two years -LSB- sic -RSB- before my release from prison . He lived for only 53 years . His early death was a great loss to his family , friends , and students , and to everyone who had been blessed with his company ; a loss I found difficult to accept . `` Were William B. Ravenel the only person I remembered from high school , I would credit those days as among the best of my life . He was an inspirational man , and I was n't the only one that he inspired . His influence over my life , while perhaps not apparent to most who have observed its progress , was more important and more benevolent than that of any other person save members of my family . '' ", "John Ellis `` Jeb '' Bush Sr. -LRB- born February 11 , 1953 -RRB- is an American businessman and politician who served as the 43rd Governor of Florida from 1999 to 2007 . Bush , who grew up in Houston , is the second son of former President George H. W. Bush and former First Lady Barbara Bush , and a younger brother of former President George W. Bush . He graduated from Phillips Academy in Andover , Massachusetts , and attended the University of Texas , where he earned a degree in Latin American affairs . In 1980 , he moved to Florida and pursued a career in real estate development , and in 1986 became Florida 's Secretary of Commerce until 1988 . At that time , he joined his father 's successful campaign for the Presidency . In 1994 , Bush made his first run for office , losing the election for governor by less than two percentage points to the incumbent , Lawton Chiles . Bush ran again in 1998 and defeated Lieutenant Governor Buddy MacKay with 55 percent of the vote . He ran for reelection in 2002 , defeating Bill McBride and winning with 56 percent , to become Florida 's first two-term Republican governor . During his eight years as governor , Bush pushed an ambitious Everglades conservation plan , supported caps for medical malpractice litigation , launched a Medicaid privatization pilot program , and instituted reforms to the state education system , including the issuance of vouchers and promoting school choice . Bush announced his presidential candidacy on June 15 , 2015 . He suspended his campaign on February 20 , 2016 , shortly after the South Carolina primary and endorsed Senator Ted Cruz on March 23 , 2016 . Bush later made headlines by joining a group of Republicans who opposed the GOP nominee for President , Donald Trump . ", "John Samuel -LRB- J. S. -RRB- Pridemore -LRB- born 1871 in Hamlin , West Virginia -RRB- was a powerful oil industrialist and member of the West Virginia House of Delegates . " ]

[ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ]

[ "James_Brolin", "Nathan_Parsons", "Scotty_Grainger", "Marc_St._James", "David_Hasselhoff" ]

[ "James Brolin -LRB- -LSB- ˈbroʊlᵻn -RSB- born July 18 , 1940 -RRB- is an American actor , producer , and director , best known for his roles in film and television , including sitcoms and soap operas . He is the father of actor Josh Brolin and husband of singer/actress Barbra Streisand . Among other awards , Brolin has won two Golden Globes and an Emmy . He received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame on August 27 , 1998 . ", "Nathan Dean Parsons -LRB- born 16 June 1988 -RRB- is an Australian-born American actor , best known for his work in daytime television on the ABC daytime soap opera General Hospital as the character of Ethan Lovett . He also had roles on primetime television shows as vampire James Kent on the seventh and final season of the HBO drama series True Blood , and recently exited the role of werewolf Jackson Kenner on The CW drama series The Originals . Also played the role as extra camera man in the Disney channel movie Starstruck along with his `` The Originals '' costar Danielle Campbell ", "Scotty Grainger is a fictional character from the CBS soap opera The Young and the Restless . He was played by actor Blair Redford from July 2005 until January 2006 . In January 2017 , Soap Opera Digest broke exclusive news that Daniel Hall had been recast in the role . ", "Marcus `` Marc '' St. James -LRB- born Marcus Weiner -RRB- is a fictional character in the American comedy-drama series Ugly Betty and spin-off web-series Mode After Hours . He is played by Michael Urie . ", "David Michael Hasselhoff -LRB- born July 17 , 1952 -RRB- , nicknamed `` The Hoff '' , is an American actor , singer , producer , and businessman , who set a Guinness World Record as the most watched man on TV . He first gained recognition on The Young and The Restless , playing Dr. Snapper Foster . His career continued with his leading role as Michael Knight on Knight Rider and as L.A. County Lifeguard Mitch Buchannon in the series Baywatch . Hasselhoff produced Baywatch from the 1990s until 2001 when the series ended with Baywatch Hawaii . On screen , he appeared in films including Click , Dodgeball , The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie , and Hop . In 2000 , he made his Broadway debut in the musical Jekyll & Hyde . Following his debut , he starred in other musicals including Chicago and The Producers . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 1 ]

[ "Akon", "Locked_Up_-LRB-song-RRB-", "List_of_awards_and_nominations_received_by_iKon", "Loreen_discography", "The_Weeknd" ]

[ "Aliaume Damala Badara Akon Thiam -LRB- born April 16 , 1973 -RRB- , better known as Akon -LRB- pronounced -LSB- ˈeɪkɒn -RSB- -RRB- , is an American singer , rapper , songwriter , businessman , record producer and actor of Senegalese descent . He rose to prominence in 2004 following the release of `` Locked Up '' , the first single from his debut album Trouble . He has since founded two successful record labels , Konvict Muzik and Kon Live Distribution . His second album , Konvicted received three nominations for the Grammy Awards in two categories , Best Contemporary R&B Album for Konvicted album and Best Rap/Sung Collaboration for `` Smack That '' and `` I Wan na Love You '' . He is the first solo artist to hold both the number one and two spots simultaneously on the Billboard Hot 100 charts twice . Akon has had four songs certified as 3 × platinum , three songs certified as 2 × platinum , more than ten songs certified as 1 × platinum and more than ten songs certified as gold in digital sales . Akon has sung songs in other languages including Tamil , Hindi , and Spanish . He was listed by the Guinness Book of World Records as the # 1 selling artist for master ringtones in the world . Akon often provides vocals as a featured artist and is currently credited with over 300 guest appearances and more than 35 Billboard Hot 100 songs . He has worked with numerous performers such as Michael Jackson , Eminem , Snoop Dogg , Whitney Houston , Bone Thugs-N-Harmony , and Gwen Stefani . He has had five Grammy Awards nominations and has produced songs for artists such as Lady Gaga , Colby O'Donis , Kardinal Offishall , Leona Lewis , and T-Pain . Forbes ranked Akon 80th -LRB- Power Rank -RRB- in Forbes Celebrity 100 in 2010 and 5th in 40 Most Powerful Celebrities in Africa list , in 2011 . Billboard ranked Akon No. 6 on the list of Top Digital Songs Artists of the decade . ", "`` Locked Up '' is the debut single by American singer Akon , taken as the lead single from his debut studio album , Trouble . The single was released in 2004 , peaking at # 8 on the Billboard Hot 100 . Outside the United States , `` Locked Up '' peaked within the top 10 of the charts in the Republic of Ireland and the United Kingdom . ", "This is a list of awards and nominations received by iKon , a South Korean boy band formed in 2015 by YG Entertainment . After their successful debut in 2015 , the group won best new artist in Mnet Asian Music Awards , MelOn Music Awards , Seoul Music Awards , Golden Disk Awards and Gaon Chart K-Pop Awards . In 2016 the group focused their activities in Japan and China , which led them win best new artist in Japan Record Award and QQ Music Awards . ", "The discography of Loreen , a Swedish pop music singer-songwriter , consists of one studio album and ten singles . Loreen first appeared as a featured artist on Freestyle 's single `` Vill ha dig '' in 2004 , following her appearance on Idol . Loreen returned to the public eye when she took part in Melodifestivalen 2011 with the song `` My Heart Is Refusing Me '' , which she co-wrote with Moh Denebi and Björn Djupström . The single had commercial success in Sweden , entering the top 10 , peaking at number nine . She followed this with the release of `` Sober '' which gave her a second top 30 hit in Sweden , charting at number twenty-six . Her major breakthrough occurred after her appearance at the Eurovision Song Contest 2012 which she won with her single `` Euphoria '' . The song charted at number one in seventeen countries , including her native Sweden , Germany and Russia . The single also charted top 3 in the United Kingdom and Spain . The song also received success outside of Europe ; it charted in Australia and Japan . Loreen re-released `` My Heart Is Refusing Me '' as her worldwide second single . The song was considerably less successfully and charted in a handful of countries only . Meanwhile , in Sweden she released an exclusive single -- `` Crying Out Your Name '' which became her fourth top 30 hit , charting at number nineteen after release in October 2012 . `` We Got the Power '' marked Loreen 's third worldwide single and appears in the reissue of Loreen 's debut album Heal . In Sweden it charted at number fifty-two . ", "The Weeknd -LRB- born Abel Makkonen Tesfaye ; February 16 , 1990 -RRB- is a Canadian singer , songwriter , and record producer . The Weeknd initially gained recognition after anonymously uploading several songs to YouTube in late 2010 . This allowed him to release of his debut mixtape , House of Balloons , in early 2011 . He released two further independent projects later that year , Thursday and Echoes of Silence , before signing to Republic Records in September 2012 . The three mixtapes received widespread critical acclaim upon release , and proceeded the release of the compilation album Trilogy . In 2013 , he released his debut studio album Kiss Land , which debuted at number two on the Billboard 200 . It was later confirmed to have sold over 273,000 copies in the United States . The Weeknd released his second album , Beauty Behind the Madness , in 2015 , breaking chart records in the process . It saw him become the first ever artist to have simultaneously held the top three spots on the Billboard Hot R&B Songs chart , with `` Earned It '' , `` The Hills '' , and `` Ca n't Feel My Face '' . It also became his first number one album on the US Billboard 200 , and saw triple platinum certification by the Recording Industry Association of America -LRB- RIAA -RRB- . The album additionally oversaw his first Grammy Award win for Best Urban Contemporary Album , as well as `` Earned It '' winning Best R&B Performance . He won both awards at the 58th Annual Grammy Awards ceremony in 2016 . He released his third studio album , Starboy , in 2016 to generally positive critical reception . The album 's title track topped the chart in several countries , including the U.S. , the UK and Canada , and became The Weeknd 's third number-one single . It gave him his second consecutive number one album , which also later saw platinum certification . Alongside his Grammy Award wins , The Weeknd has won nine Juno Awards and two American Music Awards . He has also founded the record label XO , and is a producer under both his given and stage names . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Sonny_Bono", "Sonny_&_Cher", "Sonny_Everett", "Antonio_Sabàto_Sr.", "Nicola_D'Onofrio" ]

[ "Salvatore Phillip `` Sonny '' Bono -LRB- -LSB- ˈboʊnoʊ -RSB- February 16 , 1935 -- January 5 , 1998 -RRB- was an American singer , producer , and politician who came to fame in partnership with his second wife Cher , as the popular singing duo Sonny & Cher . He was mayor of Palm Springs , California from 1988 to 1992 , and congressman for California 's 44th district from 1995 until his death in 1998 . The United States Federal Copyright Term Extension Act , which extended the term of copyright by 20 years , is now commonly known as the Sonny Bono Act . ", "Sonny & Cher were an American pop music duo , actors , singers and entertainers made up of husband-and-wife Sonny and Cher Bono in the 1960s and 1970s . The couple started their career in the mid-1960s as R&B backing singers for record producer Phil Spector . The pair first achieved fame with two hit songs in 1965 , `` Baby Do n't Go '' and `` I Got You Babe '' . Signing with Atco/Atlantic Records , they released three studio albums in the late 1960s , as well as the soundtrack recording for an unsuccessful movie , Good Times . In 1972 , after four years of silence , the couple returned to the studio and released two other albums under the MCA/Kapp Records label . In the 1970s , they also positioned themselves as media personalities with two top ten TV shows in the US , The Sonny & Cher Comedy Hour and The Sonny & Cher Show . The couple 's career as a duo ended in 1975 following their divorce . In the decade they spent together , Sonny and Cher sold over 40 million records worldwide . Performing under her first name , Cher went on to a highly successful career as a solo singer and actress , while Sonny Bono was eventually elected to Congress as a Republican U.S. Representative from California . The two performers were inducted to the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 1998 , following Sonny 's death in a skiing accident . ", "M. A. `` Sonny '' Everett is an American aviator , author and broadcaster , including color commentary announcing of airshows and special events . Sonny 's broadcasting career began in 1960 as a summer high school job at WCRV in Warren County , NJ . His first airshow announcing duties came in 1963 at North Philadelphia Airport -LRB- PNE -RRB- at the age of 17 . Combining his broadcast abilities with an inherent knowledge of aviation , Sonny became the USA 's foremost color-commentator of airshows and aviation events throughout the Seventie 's , Eightie 's and Ninetie 's . As background , he produced the famous Bicentennial barnstorming troupe called `` Air Show America '' , featuring aviation notables Bill Barber , `` Big Ed '' Mahler -LRB- Mennen Special -RRB- and then newcomer Leo Loudenslager in a two-hour choreographed-to-music airshow re-creating those of Hollywood combined with the reality of the 1920s -- 1930s . Sonny remains in demand for airshows and aviation events . Sonny authored the coffee-table book Fliers , published in 1987 , a photo-history of airshows from the barnstormer days through modern times . He has often been a guest on numerous TV and radio talk shows , and serves as an expert commentator on aviation safety matters . Sonny appeared several times on TV 's Mike Douglas Show and was featured in a principal acting role in the films Cloud Dancer -LRB- 1980 -RRB- starring David Carradine and Oscar-winner Jennifer O'Neill , and stunt performer in Moving Violations -LRB- 1986 -RRB- starring Sally Kellerman and Robert Conrad . As a pilot Sonny has accrued several thousand flying hours in over 60 types of aircraft , from gliders to cropdusters to widebody Boeing jetliners . He has served on the ALPA Air Safety & Accident Investigation committee and developed audio/visual training programs for pilots during a 30-year career with USAirways -LRB- formerly Allegheny Airlines -RRB- . As of April 2010 , Sonny contributes to and announces for charitable special events and can be heard on WZCC radio in the Ocala-Gainesville market -LRB- # 82 -RRB- . Sonny resides in Citrus County , FLA and devotes much of his time to music and writing for a variety of aviation journals . ", "Antonio Sabàto Sr. -LRB- born April 2 , 1943 , in Montelepre , Italy -RRB- is a film and television actor . He is noted for extensive work in the Italian exploitation genre . He is the father of model and actor Antonio Sabàto Jr. and Simmone Sabàto . Among Sabàto 's starring roles are parts in the spaghetti western films One Dollar Too Many and Due volte Giuda . ", "Nicola D'Onofrio was born on March 24 , 1943 , in Villamagna in the diocese of Chieti - Abruzzo . He was baptized in the parish church of St. Mary Major -LRB- Santa Maria Maggiore -RRB- on March 27 , and was given the name Nicola . His father was called Giovanni , an honest and religious man , a good farmer endowed with the simple and popular wisdom of the old country families of Abruzzo . His mother , Virginia Ferrara was a strong but considerate woman , known for her piety and Christian spirit . She was able to transmit to her son a genuine religious sense of life , sensitiveness , an outstanding kindness and peace of mind . On the Feast of Corpus Domini , June 8 , 1950 , he received his first Holy Communion and three years later on October 17 , 1953 , he was confirmed . He went to the primary school in Villamagna , close to Madonna del Carmine , where according to the teachers and his contemporaries , he distinguished himself for his diligence , kindness and availability for others . He never missed serving Holy Mass at the parish church , where he was constant even in winter , though his home was several kilometers away , at the border with neighboring Bucchianico , the birthplace of St. Camilles de Lellis . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 0, 1 ]

[ "Andrew_Moray", "Andrew_Moray_-LRB-justiciar-RRB-", "Archibald_-LRB-bishop_of_Moray-RRB-", "James_Paton_-LRB-bishop-RRB-", "Patrick_Maclellan_of_Bombie" ]

[ "Andrew Moray -LRB- Norman French : Andreu de Moray ; Andreas de Moravia -RRB- , also known as Andrew de Moray , Andrew of Moray , or Andrew Murray , an esquire , was prominent in the Scottish Wars of Independence . He led the rising in north Scotland in the summer of 1297 against the occupation by King Edward I of England , successfully regaining control of the area for King John Balliol . He subsequently merged his forces with those led by William Wallace and jointly led the combined army to victory at the Battle of Stirling Bridge . Moray was mortally wounded in the fighting , dying at an unknown date and place later that year . ", "Sir Andrew Moray of Petty -LRB- died 8 April 1298 -RRB- was Justiciar of Scotia . ", "Archibald -LRB- died 1298 -RRB- was a 13th-century Scottish prelate best known for involvement in a dispute with the Pope . His Flemish name could indicate a connection with the de Douglas or de Moravia families either by kinship or geography , but there is no other direct evidence of this . His origins are not known , but he was almost certainly the Archibald who was Dean of Moray in the years before 1253 . In that year he was consecrated as the successor of Simon de Gunby and Radulf of Lincoln as Bishop of Moray . Through what appears to have been a misunderstanding , Bishop Archibald confirmed the election of one Andrew de Dunn as Dean of Moray . However , the Pope had earlier or simultaneously appointed his own candidate , Nicholas de Hedon , based on an earlier reservation of the position . There was litigation at the Papal see , through which Hedon emerged victorious . Bishop Archibald , apparently concerned he had been placed in a state of excommunication , petitioned Pope Alexander IV and was absolved on 22 December 1255 . Bishop Archibald , like all Scottish bishops , was summonded to the Second Council of Lyon . A provincial council at Perth in 1273 , however , exempted the Bishop of Moray as well as the Bishop of Dunkeld . Bishop Archibald was present at the Convention of Birgham in 1290 . At some point during his episcopate , Uilleam , Mormaer of Ross , committed an outrage to the church or lands of Petty , a church belonging to a canon of Archibald 's cathedral . In compensation , Uilleam granted the bishop some lands in Cadboll and elsewhere in Ross . The bishop was also involved in a dispute with Uilleam , Mormaer of Mar , which in 1268 resulted in the latter 's excommunication . Bishop Archibald built an episcopal residence at Kinneddar , where he resided for much of his episcopate . His episcopate lasted over 45 years , making it one of the longest in medieval Scotland . He died on 9 December 1298 . ", "James Paton -LRB- 1522 -- 1596 -RRB- was a 16th-century Scottish cleric from Ballilisk , Kinross . He matriculated at St Salvator 's College , University of St Andrews on 26 November 1540 . He was a supporter of the Scottish Reformation of 1560 , and in 1567 became Minister of Muckhart parish , Clackmannanshire . After the forfeiture of Bishop Robert Crichton in 1571 , Paton became Bishop of Dunkeld . This seems to have been arranged for him by Archibald Campbell , 5th Earl of Argyll , to whom Paton handed over his farm at Muckhart Mill in addition to promising the earl a share of episcopal revenue . This later brought him into disrepute with the Protestant General Assembly , as did his failure to proceed against the allegedly Catholic John Stewart , 4th Earl of Atholl . Paton failed to defend himself satisfactorily , and in 1576 a decree was made depriving him of his bishopric . Paton resisted his forfeiture , but by 1584 had been replaced by the now reinstated Robert Crichton . Paton returned to his old parish of Muckhart , though not in the capacity of a minister . He died there on 20 July 1596 . He is known to have had four children , including Archibald Paton , who served in Dunkeld Cathedral during his father 's espiscopate . ", "Patrick Maclellan of Bombie -LRB- d. c. 1452 -RRB- Sheriff of Galloway , then the head of his family , the Clan MacLellan , and a staunch royalist declined an invitation to join William Douglas , 8th Earl of Douglas , along with the Earls of Ross and Crawford and Ormond in a powerful alliance against the young King James II of Scotland . By marriage to his cousin , Margaret Douglas -LRB- daughter of Archibald Douglas , 5th Earl of Douglas -RRB- William Douglas , a member of the ` Black Douglas ' family thereby increased the powers vested in his family and estates to the point where he was the most powerful nobleman in the country . The alliance with the Earls of Ross and Crawford further strengthened his power base , making it apparent they were plotting an overthrow of King James . George Buchanan 's version of events suggests that Maclellan had previously killed one of the Douglas family by whom he had been insulted , but it is generally understood that the cause of quarrel was Maclellan 's refusal to join the alliance . The Earl of Douglas , outraged with this opposition to his plot , laid siege to Raeberry Castle -LRB- MacLellan 's Castle -RRB- and captured Sir Patrick Maclellan forcibly removing him to the fortress of Threave Castle , where Maclellan was held a prisoner . Lord Andrew Gray , Maclellan 's uncle , whose son , Sir Patrick Gray , held a high office at the Court , was able to obtain a letter from King James requesting the earl of Douglas to release his prisoner . Sir Patrick Gray carried the dispatch himself , appearing with the king 's letter . William Douglas , suspecting its message , refused to open the dispatch until after Sir Patrick Gray had dined . Treachery was afoot however , in the Douglas camp . Having received such a shrewd guest as Gray , and anticipating his intentions , the earl ordered Maclellan to be immediately put to death . Douglas then conducted Gray to the courtyard , where Sir Patrick Maclellan 's headless body lay . Gray retreated from the castle , almost certainly Threave and not the much lesser castle of Douglas and escaped capture only by his skill as a horseman . Later at Stirling Castle , by direct invitation of the king to dine , Douglas refused to abandon the alliance . King James stabbed him in the neck , and the king 's attendants , including Gray , finished off the murder , throwing the body of Earl Douglas from a window . His son was William Maclellan , who killed the bandit Black Morrow . " ]

[ 1, 0, 1, 0, 1 ]

[ "Team_Fortress_2", "Team_Fortress_Classic", "Robin_Walker_-LRB-game_designer-RRB-", "Production_of_Avengers-COLON-_Infinity_War_and_the_untitled_Avengers_sequel", "Project_Gotham_Racing_2" ]

[ "Team Fortress 2 -LRB- TF2 -RRB- is a team-based multiplayer first-person shooter video game developed and published by Valve Corporation . It is the sequel to Team Fortress , the 1996 mod for Quake and its 1999 remake , Team Fortress Classic . It was released as part of the video game bundle The Orange Box in October 2007 for Microsoft Windows and the Xbox 360 . A PlayStation 3 version followed in December 2007 . The game was released for Windows as a standalone entry in April 2008 , and was updated to support OS X in June 2010 and Linux in February 2013 . It is distributed online through Valve 's digital retailer Steam , with retail distribution being handled by Electronic Arts . In Team Fortress 2 , players join one of two teams comprising nine character classes , battling in a variety of game modes including capture the flag and king of the hill . The development is led by John Cook and Robin Walker , creators of the original Team Fortress . Announced in 1998 , the game once had more realistic , militaristic visuals and gameplay , but this changed over the protracted nine-year development . After Valve released no information for six years , Team Fortress 2 regularly featured in Wired News annual vaporware list among other ignominies . The finished Team Fortress 2 has cartoon-like visuals influenced by the art of J. C. Leyendecker , Dean Cornwell , and Norman Rockwell , and uses Valve 's Source game engine . Team Fortress 2 received critical acclaim for its art direction , gameplay , humor , and use of character in a multiplayer-only game . Valve continues to release new content , including maps , items and game modes , as well as community-made updates and contributed content . In June 2011 , it became free-to-play , supported by microtransactions for in-game cosmetics . A ` drop system ' was also added and refined , allowing free-to-play users to periodically receive game equipment and items by use of a random number generator . Though the game had a unofficial competitive scene for many years , support for official competitive play through ranked matchmaking and an overhauled casual experience was added in July 2016 . ", "Team Fortress Classic is a team-based online multiplayer first-person shooter video game developed and released by Valve in 1999 . Based on the 1996 Quake modification Team Fortress , the title was ported to Valve 's GoldSrc engine as a way of promoting Half-Life 's software development kit . Matches in Team Fortress Classic pit two teams against each other , with each team member having access to nine distinct classes . Competition takes place in a variety of scenarios , usually capture the flag , VIP protection , or territorial control . Since its release , the game has undergone significant upgrades to player models and game modes . ", "Robin Walker is an Australian video game designer best known for co-developing Team Fortress and Team Fortress 2 . ", "Avengers : Infinity War and its untitled sequel are upcoming American superhero films based on the Marvel Comics superhero team the Avengers , produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures . They are intended to be the sequels to Marvel 's The Avengers -LRB- 2012 -RRB- and Avengers : Age of Ultron -LRB- 2015 -RRB- , and to serve as the nineteenth and twenty-second films of the Marvel Cinematic Universe -LRB- MCU -RRB- respectively . Both films are directed by Anthony and Joe Russo from screenplays by Christopher Markus & Stephen McFeely , and feature an ensemble cast composed of many previous MCU actors . Development of the films began in Marvel Studios ' early films by introducing the Infinity Stones and the Infinity Gauntlets . Casting began in mid-2013 with Robert Downey , Jr. signing on to reprise his role as Tony Stark / Iron Man , with the films officially announced a year later as Avengers : Infinity War -- Part 1 and Avengers : Infinity War -- Part 2 . The Russo brothers and Markus and McFeely joined the project in early 2015 . In July 2016 , Marvel revealed that the Part 1 and Part 2 of the titles would be removed , with the former first part known simply as Avengers : Infinity War and the former second part to be renamed at a later time . Production of Infinity War began on January 23 , 2017 , at Pinewood Atlanta Studios in Fayette County , Georgia , with additional filming taking place in Scotland and England . The untitled sequel will be filmed back-to-back with Infinity War , beginning in August 2017 . They are the first films to be shot entirely in IMAX , using a new 2D digital camera developed alongside Arri . , the films have the largest budget for a back-to-back production , with $ 1 billion . Production on the films is set to be completed for the scheduled release dates of May 4 , 2018 for Avengers : Infinity War , and May 3 , 2019 for its sequel . ", "Project Gotham Racing 2 -LRB- PGR2 for short -RRB- is a racing game for the Xbox , developed by Bizarre Creations and published by Microsoft . PGR2 is the sequel to Project Gotham Racing . It is the second title in the Project Gotham Racing series . As in PGR , the route to advancement in PGR2 differs from most racing games . Advancement in PGR2 required a combination of driving fast enough to meet the challenge set , and scoring enough Kudos points to advance . Kudos points are gained through the player 's driving skills , such as power sliding around a corner at speed , or overtaking other drivers in the race . Kudos points are used to unlock new cars . The Kudos system , challenges set , available cars and the tracks around which players race were expanded greatly from the original . PGR2 supported Xbox Live and allowed players to race against other people all around the world . The in-game garage featured the cult-classic mini-game Geometry Wars . PGR2 as of July 12 , 2007 is compatible with the Xbox 360 through a downloadable update . The game was a success commercially and critically . It is one of the highest rated racing games of all time , according to aggregator GameRankings . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ]

[ "Kyra_Sedgwick", "Best_Actress", "Something_to_Talk_About_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Golden_Globe_Award_for_Best_Actor_–_Motion_Picture_Drama", "London_Film_Critics'_Circle_Award_for_Actress_of_the_Year" ]

[ "Kyra Minturn Sedgwick Bacon -LRB- born August 19 , 1965 -RRB- is an American actress and producer . She is best known for her starring role as Deputy Chief Brenda Leigh Johnson on the TNT crime drama The Closer . Sedgwick 's role in the series won her a Golden Globe Award in 2007 and an Emmy Award in 2010 . The series ended on August 13 , 2012 , following the completion of its seventh season . She is also known for her recurring role as Madeline Wuntch on the successful sitcom Brooklyn Nine Nine . Sedgwick was nominated for a Golden Globe award for her performance in Something to Talk About -LRB- 1995 -RRB- . Sedgwick 's other film roles include Oliver Stone 's Born on the Fourth of July -LRB- 1989 -RRB- , Cameron Crowe 's Singles -LRB- 1992 -RRB- , as well as Heart and Souls -LRB- 1992 -RRB- , Phenomenon -LRB- 1996 -RRB- , What 's Cooking -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , Secondhand Lions -LRB- 2003 -RRB- , The Game Plan -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , and The Possession -LRB- 2012 -RRB- . She also has one of the starring roles in the critically acclaimed 2016 comedy-drama movie The Edge of Seventeen . ", "Best Actress is the name of an award which is presented by various film , television and theatre organizations , festivals , and people 's awards to leading actresses in a film , television series , television film or play . The first Best Actress award was awarded for acting in a film , on May 16 , 1929 by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences -LRB- AMPAS -RRB- at the Academy Awards to Janet Gaynor for her role of Diane in 7th Heaven , Angela in Street Angel and The Wife - Indre in Sunrise : A Song of Two Humans . In theatre , it was first awarded on April 6 , 1947 by the American Theatre Wing and The Broadway League at the Tony Awards to Ingrid Bergman for her role of Mary Grey / Joan of Arc in Joan of Lorraine and to Helen Hayes for her role of Addie in Happy Birthday . In television , it was first awarded on January 23 , 1951 by Academy of Television Arts & Sciences at the Primetime Emmy Awards to Gertrude Berg for her role of Molly in The Goldbergs . In a film festival , presented as the Volpi Cup , it was first awarded between August 1 -- 20 , 1934 by the Venice Film Festival to Katharine Hepburn for her role of Josephine ` Jo ' March in Little Women . ", "Something to Talk About is a 1995 American comedy-drama film directed by Lasse Hallström , from a screenplay written by Callie Khouri . It stars Julia Roberts and Dennis Quaid as an estranged couple , Kyra Sedgwick as Roberts ' sister , and Robert Duvall and Gena Rowlands as their parents . The film 's title stems from the Bonnie Raitt song of the same name . It was shot in various locations around Savannah , Georgia , South Carolina and Georgia near Beaufort . ", "The Golden Globe Award for Best Actor in a Motion Picture -- Drama was first awarded by the Hollywood Foreign Press Association as a separate category in 1951 . Previously , there was a single award for `` Best Actor in a Motion Picture '' but the splitting allowed for recognition of it and the Best Actor -- Musical or Comedy . The formal title has varied since its inception . In 2005 , it was officially called : `` Best Performance by an Actor in a Motion Picture -- Drama '' . As of 2013 , the wording is `` Best Actor in a Motion Picture -- Drama '' . Notes : '' † '' indicates an Academy Award-winning performance . '' ‡ '' indicates an Academy Award-nominated performance that same year . '' § '' indicates a Golden Globe Award-winning performance that was not nominated for an Academy Award . ", "The London Film Critics Circle Award for Actress of the Year in an annual award given by the London Film Critics ' Circle . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 0, 0 ]

[ "The_Nice_Guys", "Ah!_Les_belles_bacchantes", "Happy_-LRB-2016_film-RRB-", "The_Good_German", "Class_of_Nuke_'Em_High_3-COLON-_The_Good,_the_Bad_and_the_Subhumanoid" ]

[ "The Nice Guys is a 2016 American neo-noir action comedy film directed by Shane Black and written by Black and Anthony Bagarozzi . The film stars Russell Crowe , Ryan Gosling , Angourie Rice , Matt Bomer , Margaret Qualley , Keith David and Kim Basinger . Set in Los Angeles , 1977 , the film focuses on a private eye -LRB- Gosling -RRB- and a tough enforcer -LRB- Crowe -RRB- who team up to investigate the disappearance of a teenage girl . The Nice Guys premiered on May 15 , 2016 , at the 2016 Cannes Film Festival and was released by Warner Bros. . Pictures in the United States on May 20 , 2016 . It received positive reviews from critics but grossed just $ 57 million against its $ 50 million budget . ", "Ah ! Les belles bacchantes Ah ! The nice moustache , is a French comedy film from 1954 , directed by Jean Loubignac , written by Francis Blanche , starring Robert Dhéry and Louis de Funès . The film is also known under the titles : Femmes de Paris and Peek-a-boo -LRB- USA -RRB- . ", "Happy is a French feature film directed by Jordan Goldnadel , with Isabel Ryan , Vladimir Perrin , Jordan Goldnadel and Léa Moszkowicz , released in 2016 . The film premiered at the Montréal World Film Festival , where it received great reviews . With a great soundtrack , including some Amanda Palmer songs , the film is sold internationally by Wide Management and receives two nominations at the prestigious 2016 Prix Henri Langlois -LRB- Henri Langlois Awards -RRB- . The film also integrates the Eye on Films European Label and is released in several countries including the US , the UK , Ireland and South Korea . It is also bought by Amazon Prime -LRB- Amazon.com -RRB- . ", "The Good German is a 2006 film adaptation of Joseph Kanon 's eponymous 2001 novel . It was directed by Steven Soderbergh , and stars George Clooney , Cate Blanchett , and Tobey Maguire . Set in Berlin following the Allied victory over the Nazis , it begins as a murder mystery but weaves in elements involving the American postwar employment of Nazi rocket scientists in Operation Paperclip . The film was shot in black-and-white and is designed to imitate the appearance of film noir from the 1940s , although it also includes material -- such as sex scenes and swearing -- that would have been prohibited by the Production Code . Its poster is an homage to the poster for the classic film Casablanca -LRB- 1942 , also a Warner Bros. film -RRB- , as is the closing scene at an airport . The DVD release presents the film in the 1.33:1 aspect ratio which declined in use from about 1953 , though the theatrical release used the slightly more modern but still unusual 1.66:1 ratio . The film received mixed reviews and grossed $ 5.9 million worldwide against a budget of $ 32 million . ", "Class of Nuke 'Em High Part 3 : The Good , the Bad and the Subhumanoid -LRB- credited onscreen as The Good , the Bad and the Subhumanoid : Class of Nuke 'Em High Part 3 -RRB- is a 1994 American science-fiction horror comedy film directed by Eric Louzil and distributed by Troma Entertainment . It is the third installment of the Class of Nuke 'Em High film series . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Gotham_City_Sirens", "List_of_Gotham_episodes", "Gotham_-LRB-TV_series-RRB-", "Batman-COLON-_Year_One", "Heroes_Rise-COLON-_How_the_Riddler_Got_His_Name" ]

[ "Gotham City Sirens is an American comic book series was written by Paul Dini with art by Guillem March and published by DC Comics . The term Gotham City Sirens refers to three of the most popular female characters that inhabit Gotham City , which include Catwoman , Harley Quinn , and Poison Ivy . The first issue of the series was released in June , 2009 , as a part of the Batman : Reborn relaunch in all of DC 's Batman titles . Warner Bros. is developing a film with the same title , although it has not been announced if the film will be based on the comic book series . ", "Gotham is an American crime-drama television series developed by Bruno Heller , based on characters appearing in and published by DC Comics in their Batman franchise , primarily those of James Gordon and Bruce Wayne . The series stars Ben McKenzie as the young Gordon , while Heller executive produces along with Danny Cannon , who also directed the pilot . As originally conceived , the series would have served as a straightforward story of Gordon 's early days on the Gotham City police force . Gotham was renewed for a third season in March 2016 , which premiered on September 19 , 2016 . ", "Gotham is an American crime drama television series developed by Bruno Heller , based on characters published by DC Comics and appearing in the Batman franchise , primarily those of James Gordon and Bruce Wayne . The series stars Ben McKenzie as the young Gordon , while Heller executive-produces , along with Danny Cannon , who also directed the pilot . Originally the series would have related only Gordon 's early days on the Gotham City Police Department , but the series subsequently included the Wayne character and the origin stories of several Batman villains , including Penguin , Riddler , Catwoman , Poison Ivy , Two-Face , Scarecrow , Mr. Freeze , and Hugo Strange . Gotham premiered on Fox on September 22 , 2014 . In March 2016 , the series was renewed for a third season which premiered on September 19 , 2016 . In May 2017 , Fox renewed the series for a fourth season . ", "`` Year One '' later referred to as `` Batman : Year One '' is an American comic book story arc published by DC Comics , and recounts superhero Batman 's first year as a crime-fighter . It was written by Frank Miller , illustrated by David Mazzucchelli , colored by Richmond Lewis , and lettered by Todd Klein . Batman : Year One originally appeared in issues # 404 -- 407 of the comic book title Batman in 1987 . As well as recounting Batman 's early crime fighting career , the story simultaneously examines the life of recently transferred officer James Gordon - eventually building towards their partnership . There have been several reprints of the story : a hardcover , multiple trade paperback editions -LRB- one in standard comics paper with simpler coloring and one deluxe version with rich detailing in the colors -- both colored by Richmond Lewis -RRB- and it has been included in The Complete Frank Miller Batman hardcover . The story arc was adapted into an animated feature in 2011 . ", "`` Heroes Rise : How the Riddler Got His Name '' is the fifteenth episode and spring premiere of the third season , and 59th episode overall from the Fox series Gotham . The show is itself based on the characters created by DC Comics set in the Batman mythology . It 's also the first episode with the subtitle `` Heroes Rise '' . The episode was written by Megan Mostyn-Brown and directed by TJ Scott . It was first broadcast on April 24 , 2017 . In the episode , following shooting Cobblepot and dropping his body in the Gotham Harbor , Nygma begins to question what path he will take next , having remembered his words that without Cobblepot , he wo n't be anything else . Nygma decides that he will need something or someone to acknowledge who he really is and begins committing crimes that are related to his riddle games in order to find his true purpose : a real enemy . Meanwhile , Bruce continues his training while Gordon talks with his Uncle Frank for information regarding his father 's death and his role in the Court of Owls . The episode received mostly positive reviews , with critics praising the character development and Smith 's performance . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Josh_Hutcherson", "Will_Buchanon", "Robert_D._Arnott", "Josh_Sapan", "Charles_Denison" ]

[ "Joshua Ryan `` Josh '' Hutcherson -LRB- born October 12 , 1992 -RRB- is an American actor . A native of Kentucky , Hutcherson began his acting career in the early 2000s and appeared in several commercials and minor film and television roles before landing his first major role in 2002 in the pilot episode of House Blend . His first film role was in Miracle Dogs -LRB- 2003 -RRB- on Animal Planet , followed by a motion-capture performance in The Polar Express -LRB- 2004 -RRB- and a voice-acting role in Howl 's Moving Castle -LRB- 2005 -RRB- . Hutcherson 's other early film appearances include Little Manhattan , Zathura -LRB- both 2005 -RRB- , RV -LRB- 2006 -RRB- , Bridge to Terabithia -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , Journey to the Center of the Earth -LRB- 2008 -RRB- , and The Kids Are All Right -LRB- 2010 -RRB- . In 2011 , he landed the leading role of Peeta Mellark in the box office record-setting film series The Hunger Games , released annually from 2012 to 2015 , for which he won three MTV Movie Awards and a People 's Choice Award . During the same period he also played a lead role in Journey 2 : The Mysterious Island -LRB- 2012 -RRB- and a voice role in the animated film Epic -LRB- 2013 -RRB- . Throughout his career , Hutcherson has expressed an interest in directing and producing . He has served as an executive producer in Detention -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , The Forger -LRB- 2012 -RRB- and Escobar : Paradise Lost -LRB- 2015 -RRB- , while also playing a lead role in each film . He is also heavily involved in the gay -- straight alliance chapter called `` Straight But Not Narrow '' . ", "William James Buchanon -LRB- born April 5 , 1983 -RRB- is a former American football wide receiver who played one season with the Oakland Raiders of the National Football League . He was signed by the Oakland Raiders as an undrafted free agent in 2006 . He played college football at Southern California . Buchanon has also been a member of the New York Giants , Kansas City Chiefs and Carolina Panthers . He is the son of former NFL cornerback Willie Buchanon . ", "Robert D. Arnott -LRB- born June 29 , 1954 -RRB- is an American entrepreneur , investor , editor and writer who focuses on articles about quantitative investing . He serves as chairman and chief executive officer of Research Affiliates , LLC , which advises on over $ 160 billion in institutional investment assets , as of year-end 2015 . He is married with four children . He edited CFA Institute 's Financial Analysts Journal from 2002 -- 2006 , and has edited three books on equity management and tactical asset allocation . He is a co-author of the book The Fundamental Index : A Better Way to Invest , and co-editor of three other books relating to asset allocation and equity market investing . Arnott has also served as a Visiting Professor of Finance at the UCLA Anderson School of Management , on the editorial board of the Journal of Portfolio Management , the product advisory board of the Chicago Mercantile Exchange , and the Chicago Board Options Exchange . He previously served as Chairman of First Quadrant , LP , as global equity strategist at Salomon -LRB- now Salomon Smith Barney -RRB- , president of TSA Capital Management -LRB- now TSA/Analytic -RRB- , and as vice president at the Boston Company . Arnott has received seven Graham and Dodd Scrolls and Awards , awarded annually by the CFA Institute for best articles of the year , and has received three Bernstein-Fabozzi/Jacobs-Levy awards from the Journal of Portfolio Management and Institutional Investor magazine . ", "Josh Sapan -LRB- born 1951 -RRB- is an American entertainment executive . Sapan is the CEO of AMC Networks , a position he has held since 1995 . Earlier in his career Sapan spearheaded the development of the Bravo network . ", "Charles Denison -LRB- January 23 , 1818 -- June 27 , 1867 -RRB- was a Democratic member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania . Charles Denison -LRB- nephew of George Denison -RRB- was born in Wyoming Valley , Pennsylvania . He received a liberal education , and was graduated from Dickinson College in Carlisle , Pennsylvania , in 1838 . He studied law , was admitted to the bar in 1840 and commenced practice in Wilkes-Barre , Pennsylvania . Denison was elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-eighth , Thirty-ninth , and Fortieth Congresses and served until his death in Wilkes-Barre . He was a delegate to the 1864 Democratic National Convention . Interment in Forty Fort Cemetery in Kingston , Pennsylvania . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Far_from_the_Madding_Crowd_-LRB-1967_film-RRB-", "The_Reception_-LRB-film-RRB-", "A_Face_in_the_Fog", "Mad_About_Dance", "Nicolas_Roeg" ]

[ "Far from the Madding Crowd is a 1967 British epic drama film adapted from Thomas Hardy 's book of the same name . The film , starring Julie Christie , Alan Bates , Terence Stamp and Peter Finch , and directed by John Schlesinger , was Schlesinger 's fourth film -LRB- and his third collaboration with Christie -RRB- . It marked a stylistic shift away from his earlier works exploring contemporary urban mores . The cinematography was by Nicolas Roeg and the soundtrack was by Richard Rodney Bennett . He also used traditional folk songs in various scenes throughout the film . It was nominated for one Oscar for Best Original Music Score and two BAFTAs , Best British Cinematography -LRB- Colour -RRB- and Best British Costume -LRB- Colour -RRB- -LRB- Alan Barrett -RRB- . ", "The Reception is 2005 feature film by American director John G. Young who wrote and directed the movie . ", "A Face in the Fog is a 1936 American film directed by Robert F. Hill . ", "Mad About Dance is an 2014 Indian dance film . The film is directed by Saahil Prem . The film stars Saahil Prem and Amrit Maghera in the lead roles . Saahil Prem debuted as an actor alongside Sunny Leone in the 2014 film Ragini MMS 2 , and is now making his debut as a director with Mad About Dance . Essentially a dance film , it focuses on the youth , their dreams , anxieties , disappointments and hopes for their future . The film is based in the quaint and beautiful university town of Sheffield and brings to light the stories of Asian students who leave their home and country and go to study abroad ... Their struggles , their heartbreaks , their trials and triumphs ... ", "Nicolas Jack Roeg -LRB- -LSB- ˈroʊɡ -RSB- born 15 August 1928 -RRB- is an English film director and cinematographer . After National Service he entered the film business as a tea boy moving up to clapper-loader , the bottom rung of the camera department , at Marylebone Studios in London . Early in his career Roeg was a second-unit cinematographer on Lawrence of Arabia , then cinematographer on Roger Corman 's The Masque of the Red Death and François Truffaut 's Fahrenheit 451 . He co-directed and photographed Performance in 1970 . He later directed such films as Walkabout , Do n't Look Now and The Man Who Fell to Earth . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "Brat_Pack_-LRB-actors-RRB-", "Bratsch_-LRB-band-RRB-", "Under_the_Black_Eagle", "Oorummadi_Brathukulu", "Zebra_in_the_Kitchen" ]

[ "The Brat Pack is a nickname given to a group of young actors who frequently appeared together in teen-oriented coming-of-age films in the 1980s . First mentioned in a 1985 New York magazine article , it is now usually defined as the cast members of two specific films released in 1985 -- The Breakfast Club and St. Elmo 's Fire -- although other actors are sometimes included . The `` core '' members are considered to be Emilio Estevez , Anthony Michael Hall , Rob Lowe , Andrew McCarthy , Demi Moore , Judd Nelson , Molly Ringwald , and Ally Sheedy . ", "Bratsch are a French-based music ensemble using influences from Roma -LRB- i.e. `` Gypsy '' -RRB- music , klezmer , jazz and many diverse folk traditions . The group was formed in 1975 by guitarist Dan Gharibian and violinist Bruno Girard , and has released more than ten albums to date . The group is renowned for the diversity of its musical influences and for the virtuosity of its members and guest artists . ", "Under the Black Eagle is a 1928 American drama silent film directed by W. S. Van Dyke and written by Norman Houston , Bradley King and Madeleine Ruthven . The film stars Ralph Forbes , Marceline Day , Bert Roach , William Fairbanks and Marc McDermott . The film was released on March 24 , 1928 , by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer . ", "Oorummadi Bratukulu is a 1976 Telugu film directed by B. S. Narayana . The film won National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Telugu The Nandi Award for Best Actor in 1976 for Rallapalli . ", "Zebra in the Kitchen is a 1965 American children 's film produced and directed by Ivan Tors and starring Jay North in his first leading feature film role . It also stars Martin Milner and Andy Devine , with co-stars Joyce Meadows and Jim Davis . The film tells the story of a boy who , when forced to give his pet mountain lion to the local zoo , becomes upset at the living conditions of the animals there and attempts to free them . Originally released by MGM as a children 's matinee feature , the film has subsequently been released on home video by Warner Bros. ' family entertainment division . " ]

[ 2, 0, 2, 0, 0 ]

[ "Faye_Resnick", "Keller_Easterling", "Annmarie_Adams", "Emesé_Ijjasz_de_Murcia", "Tia_Lessin" ]

[ "Faye Denise Resnick -LRB- born July 3 , 1957 -RRB- is an American television personality , author , and interior designer . She is best known for her involvement in the O. J. Simpson murder trial and for her appearance on the reality television series The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills . ", "Keller Easterling is an American architect , urbanist , writer , and teacher . ", "Annmarie Adams -LRB- born 1960 -RRB- is an architectural historian and university professor . Currently she is the Chair of the Department of Social Studies of Medicine and is the former Director of the School of Architecture at McGill University . Adams specializes in healthcare architecture and gendered space . At McGill she teaches courses in architectural history and research methods.She is the inaugural holder of the Stevenson Chair in the History and Philosophy of Science , including Medicine . ", "Emesé Ijjasz de Murcia -LRB- b May 18 , 1936 -RRB- is a Hungarian-born Colombian architect and educator . She studied architecture in Argentina , at the Catholic University in Santiago , Chile and at the National University of Colombia at Medellín . Upon finishing her schooling in 1963 she worked in Medellin until 1971 , during which time she designed more than 17 dwellings . She moved to Bogota where she began teaching at the University of Los Andes in 1967 , where she was named Vice Dean in 1978 . She established her own architectural firm in 1972 with Cecilia Alvarez as a partner . Murcia has designed numerous large scale housing developments in Bogota . She is a member of the Colombian Society of Architects . ", "Tia Lessin is an American documentary filmmaker . She is the director and producer , along with Carl Deal of Citizen Koch and Trouble the Water . She directed and produced Behind the Labels and co-produced of several of Michael Moore 's films including Capitalism : A Love Story , Fahrenheit 9/11 and she was the supervising producer of Bowling for Columbine . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Electric_chair", "Glossip_v._Gross", "Chair_acrobatics", "Carter_v_Canada_-LRB-Attorney_General-RRB-", "Euthanasia_device" ]

[ "Execution by electrocution , performed using an electric chair , is a method of execution originating in the United States in which the condemned person is strapped to a specially built wooden chair and electrocuted through electrodes fastened on the head and leg . This execution method , conceived in 1881 by a Buffalo , New York , dentist named Alfred P. Southwick , was developed throughout the 1880s as a humane alternative to hanging and first used in 1890 . This execution method has been used in the United States and , for a period of several decades , in the Philippines -LRB- its first use there in 1924 , last in 1976 -RRB- . Historically , once the condemned person was attached to the chair , various cycles -LRB- differing in voltage and duration -RRB- of alternating current would be passed through the individual 's body , in order to cause fatal damage to the internal organs -LRB- including the brain -RRB- . The first more powerful jolt of electric current was designed to pass through the head and cause immediate unconsciousness and brain death . The second less powerful jolt was designed to cause fatal damage to the vital organs . Death may also be caused by electrical overstimulation of the heart . Although the electric chair has long been a symbol of the death penalty in the United States , its use is in decline due to the rise of lethal injection , which is widely believed to be a more humane method of execution . Although some states still maintain electrocution as a method of execution , today it is only maintained as a secondary method that may be chosen over lethal injection at the request of the prisoner , except in Tennessee where it may be used if the drugs for lethal injection are not available , without input from the prisoner . As of 2014 , electrocution is an optional form of execution in Alabama , Florida , South Carolina and Virginia . They allow the prisoner to choose lethal injection as an alternative method . In the state of Kentucky the electric chair has been retired except for those whose capital crimes were committed prior to March 31 , 1998 , and who choose electrocution ; inmates who do not choose electrocution and inmates who committed their crimes after the designated date are executed by lethal injection . In the state of Tennessee the electric chair is available for use if lethal injection drugs are unavailable , or otherwise if the inmate so chooses if their capital crime was committed before 1999 . The electric chair is an alternate form of execution approved for potential use in Arkansas and Oklahoma if other forms of execution are found unconstitutional in the state at the time of execution . On February 8 , 2008 , the Nebraska Supreme Court determined that execution by electric chair was a `` cruel and unusual punishment '' under the state 's constitution . This brought executions of this type to an end in Nebraska , the only remaining state to retain electrocution as its sole method of execution . ", "Glossip v. Gross , was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held 5-4 that lethal injections using midazolam do not constitute cruel and unusual punishment under the Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution . The Court found that condemned prisoners can only challenge their method of execution after providing a known and available alternative method . ", "The use of chairs as props in acrobatic activities falls into three broad categories : balancing , vaulting and contortion . ", "Carter v Canada -LRB- Attorney General -RRB- is a landmark Supreme Court of Canada decision where the prohibition of assisted suicide was challenged as contrary to the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms by several parties , including the family of Kay Carter , a woman suffering from degenerative spinal stenosis , and Gloria Taylor , a woman suffering from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis -LRB- ALS -RRB- . In a unanimous decision on February 6 , 2015 , the Court struck down the provision in the Criminal Code , giving Canadian adults who are mentally competent and suffering intolerably and enduringly the right to a doctor 's help in dying . The court suspended its ruling for 12 months , with the decision taking effect in 2016 , giving the government enough time to amend its laws . In January 2016 the court granted an additional 4-month extension to its ruling suspension to allow time for the newly elected Liberal government to consult with Canadians on drafting a law to comply with the ruling . As an interim measure , it also ruled that provincial courts can now begin approving applications for euthanasia until the new law passes . ", "A euthanasia device is a machine engineered to allow an individual to die quickly with minimal pain . The most common devices are those designed to help terminally ill people die by voluntary euthanasia or assisted suicide without prolonged pain . They may be operated by a second party , such as a physician , or by the person wishing to die . There is an ongoing debate on the ethics of euthanasia and the use of euthanasia devices . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "Jab_Tak_Hai_Jaan", "Yeh_Jawaani_Hai_Deewani", "Kuch_Kuch_Hota_Hai", "Jatin_Sarna", "Bahniman" ]

[ "Jab Tak Hai Jaan -LRB- English : As Long as I Live , literally `` as long , or as far , as there is life '' -RRB- is a 2012 Indian romantic drama film directed by Yash Chopra and written and produced by Aditya Chopra under their production banner , Yash Raj Films . The movie is the first collaboration between Khan and Kaif , and the second between Khan and Sharma -LRB- they previously featured in the 2008 film Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi -RRB- . Yash Chopra returned to directing eight years after Veer-Zaara . This was to be his final film before his death in October 2012 , at age 80 . The background score and soundtrack was composed by A. R. Rahman , with lyrics from Gulzar . Set in London , England , Jab Tak Hai Jaan tells the story of Akira Rai -LRB- Anushka Sharma -RRB- , an ambitious , hardworking intern at the Discovery Channel . She finds the diary of Samar Anand -LRB- Shah Rukh Khan -RRB- , a bomb-disposal expert . The diary recounts his time as a struggling immigrant in London , and later details his whirlwind romance with Meera Thapar -LRB- Katrina Kaif -RRB- . The film was released during the six-day Diwali weekend beginning on 13 November 2012 . Jab Tak Hai Jaan emerged as the third-highest-grossing Bollywood film overseas at that time , after 3 Idiots and My Name Is Khan -LRB- 2010 -RRB- . The film was praised for its direction , cinematography , and the chemistry between its lead actors . Khan and Sharma were lauded for their performances , though the movie 's predictable plot drew criticism . At the end of its theatrical run Jab Tak Hai Jaan received a number of awards , including four Filmfare Awards , which included trophies for Best Supporting Actress -LRB- Anushka Sharma -RRB- and Best Lyrics for Gulzar . ", "Yeh Jawaani Hai Deewani -LRB- English : This Youth is Crazy -RRB- , is a 2013 Indian romantic comedy drama film , written and directed by Ayan Mukerji and produced by Karan Johar . It stars Ranbir Kapoor and Deepika Padukone in lead roles . This is their second film together after 2008 's Bachna Ae Haseeno . Kalki Koechlin and Aditya Roy Kapur play supporting roles . Madhuri Dixit appears in an item number with Ranbir Kapoor . Initially set for a March 2013 release , the film was released on 31 May 2013 . Upon release , it received mixed to positive reviews and was a box office success . They showed a perfect chemistry between friends on the screen . In 59th Filmfare Awards , the film received Highest number of nominations -LRB- 9 -RRB- including Best Actor , Best Film , Best Direction , Best Supporting Actor and Actress and so on.Yeh Jawaani Hai Deewani has become one of the highest grossing Bollywood films worldwide . It is also the tenth highest grossing Bollywood film in overseas markets up until then . ", "Kuch Kuch Hota Hai -LRB- English : Something Happens -RRB- also known as KKHH , is an Indian Hindi coming-of-age romantic comedy drama film , released in India and the United Kingdom on 16 October 1998 . It was written and directed by Karan Johar , and starred the popular on-screen pair of Shah Rukh Khan and Kajol in their fourth film together . Rani Mukerji featured in a supporting role , while Salman Khan also had an extended-cameo appearance . Sana Saeed , who was featured in a supporting role , made her film debut in this movie . Filmed in India , Mauritius , and Scotland , this was Karan Johar 's directorial debut . One of his goals for the film was to set a new level for style in Hindi cinema . The plot combines two love triangles set years apart . The first half covers friends on a college campus , while the second tells the story of a widower 's young daughter who tries to reunite her dad with his old friend . The film was extremely successful in India and abroad , becoming the highest-grossing Indian film of the year and the third highest-grossing Indian film ever behind Hum Aapke Hain Koun . . ! and Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge . Outside India , the film was the highest grossing Hindi film ever until its record was broken by Karan 's next directorial , Kabhi Khushi Kabhie Gham ... -LRB- 2001 -RRB- . Kuch Kuch Hota Hai received a positive reception from critics , with special praise directed to Kajol 's performance . The soundtrack also became the biggest seller of the year . The film won many major awards including the National Film Award for Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment and the `` Best Film '' honor at the Filmfare Awards , Zee Cine Awards , Screen Awards , and Bollywood Movie Awards . The film won 8 Filmfare Awards and is the only film in history to win all the four acting category awards at the ceremony -LRB- Best Actor , Best Actress , Best Supporting Actor & Best Supporting Actress -RRB- . ", "Jatin Sarna -LRB- born 2 Nov 1984 -RRB- is a theater actor/director and Bollywood film actor best known for his work in Meeruthiya Gangsters , Saat Uchakkey , Oass , Chor Chor Super Chor , and O Teri . ", "Bahniman is a 2016 Assamese language drama film directed by Biswajeet Bora . Filmmaker Biswajeet Bora had long wanted to make a movie that transcends the rigidity of commercial cinema with something unusual and unique from the point of view of story and treatment . His highly engaging Aisa Yeh Jahaan created cinematic history when it became the country 's first carbon-neutral film . Its subject has a humanity that connected deeply to the audiences across the country , which makes film enthusiasts and fans , especially in Assam , all the more curious to see what Biswajeet has up his sleeve in his new project.But belying expectations , the Mumbai-based filmmaker , out to prove a point or two , returns with a lot of fire power in his belly to direct a full-fledged entertainer titled ` Bahniman ' . He has been quite keen to explore some new ideas in a commercial venture for some time now . This big-budget Assamese movie , produced by Barnali Hazarika under the banner of Santoshi Maa Production , is presently drawing a lot of media attention , and not without reason . Its shooting progressing at a hurried pace in various locations , Biswajeet Bora 's film is going to be a refreshing spin on the action genre , quite unlike anything seen here . He has got the technical expertise and acumen , having spent years in Mumbai , India 's entertainment hub , where he was fortunate enough to observe a lot of well-known filmmakers at work , including the renowned Jahnu Barua , whom he also assisted for close to six years . He has left nothing to chance here . All the technical aspects are being looked after and executed with a lot of precision and planning.The story of the film revolves around three childhood friends , lost to their own fates , only to re-emerge as fierce rivals . But soon they reunite to fight for the cause of their city which is controlled by mafia kingpin Kanu Sharma . Its about friendship , lost love and revenge.There 's no greater satisfaction to a filmmaker than being on a movie set , getting to work with talented people -- actors , actresses and the technicians . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 0, 2 ]

[ "Firefox", "Fire_Phone", "Pentadactyl", "GeeksPhone_Peak", "WeirdX" ]

[ "Mozilla Firefox -LRB- or simply Firefox -RRB- is a free and open-source web browser developed by the Mozilla Foundation and its subsidiary the Mozilla Corporation . Firefox is available for Windows , macOS and Linux operating systems , with its Firefox for Android available for Android -LRB- formerly Firefox for mobile , it also ran on the discontinued Firefox OS -RRB- ; where all of these versions use the Gecko layout engine to render web pages , which implements current and anticipated web standards . An additional version , Firefox for iOS , was released in late 2015 , but this version does not use Gecko due to Apple 's restrictions limiting third-party web browsers to the WebKit-based layout engine built into iOS . Firefox was created in 2002 under the name `` Phoenix '' by Mozilla community members who desired a standalone browser , rather than the Mozilla Application Suite bundle . Even during its beta phase , Firefox proved to be popular with its testers and was praised for its speed , security , and add-ons compared to Microsoft 's then-dominant Internet Explorer 6 . Firefox was released in November 2004 , and was highly successful with 60 million downloads within nine months , which was the first time that Internet Explorer 's dominance was challenged . Firefox is considered the spiritual successor of Netscape Navigator , as the Mozilla community was created by Netscape in 1998 before their acquisition by AOL . Firefox usage grew to a peak of 32 % at the end of 2009 , temporarily making version 3.5 the world 's most popular browser . Usage then declined in competition with Google Chrome . , Firefox has between 9 % and 16 % of worldwide usage as a `` desktop '' browser , making it the second most popular web browser . Firefox is still the most popular desktop browser in Cuba -LRB- even most popular overall -RRB- , Eritrea , and Germany , with 85.93 % , 79.39 % , and 37.01 % of the market share , respectively . It is also the most popular desktop browser in many other African countries . According to Mozilla , there were half a billion Firefox users around the world . ", "The Fire Phone is a 3D-enabled smartphone developed by Amazon.com and manufactured by Foxconn . It was announced on June 18 , 2014 , and marked Amazon 's first foray into the smartphone market , following the success of the Kindle Fire . It was available for pre-order on the day it was announced . In the United States , it launched as an AT&T exclusive on July 25 . The phone was notable for its hallmark feature `` Dynamic Perspective '' : using four front-facing cameras and the gyroscope to track the user 's movements , the OS adjusts the UI so it gives the impression of depth and 3D . Other notable Amazon services on the phone include X-Ray , used for identifying and finding information about media ; Mayday , the 24-hour customer service tool ; and Firefly , a tool which automatically recognizes text , sounds , and objects , then offering a way to buy recognized items through Amazon 's online store . The phone had received mixed reviews . Critics had praised the Dynamic Perspective , Firefly and , to a lesser extent , the packaged headphones , but derided the build , design , Fire OS version of Android , specifications , and exclusivity to AT&T . Amazon had not released sales figures for any of its devices , but based in part on its quickly declining prices and an announced $ 170 million write-down , analysts have judged it having not been commercially successful . Amazon ceased production of the Fire Phone in August 2015 and discontinued sales soon after . ", "Pentadactyl is a Firefox extension forked from the Vimperator and designed to provide a more efficient user interface for keyboard-fluent users . The design is heavily inspired by the Vim text editor , and the authors try to maintain consistency with it wherever possible . ", "The GeeksPhone Peak is a low-end smartphone released by GeeksPhone in April 2013 . It is intended for software developers wanting to build and test mobile applications on the new Firefox OS , not for general consumers . The Peak and the entry-level Keon are the first commercially available mobile devices running Firefox OS . ", "WeirdX is a Java applet that talks with X Window System server , allowing cross platform GUI session from the web browser . It is written in pure Java and licensed under GNU GPL by JCraft . It is derived from WiredX-lite , a commercial branch of the software , and provides limited support of the X11R6 .3 protocol through JDK/JRE 1.1 . " ]

[ 1, 2, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Firefox", "Fire_Phone", "Pentadactyl", "GeeksPhone_Peak", "WeirdX" ]

[ "Mozilla Firefox -LRB- or simply Firefox -RRB- is a free and open-source web browser developed by the Mozilla Foundation and its subsidiary the Mozilla Corporation . Firefox is available for Windows , macOS and Linux operating systems , with its Firefox for Android available for Android -LRB- formerly Firefox for mobile , it also ran on the discontinued Firefox OS -RRB- ; where all of these versions use the Gecko layout engine to render web pages , which implements current and anticipated web standards . An additional version , Firefox for iOS , was released in late 2015 , but this version does not use Gecko due to Apple 's restrictions limiting third-party web browsers to the WebKit-based layout engine built into iOS . Firefox was created in 2002 under the name `` Phoenix '' by Mozilla community members who desired a standalone browser , rather than the Mozilla Application Suite bundle . Even during its beta phase , Firefox proved to be popular with its testers and was praised for its speed , security , and add-ons compared to Microsoft 's then-dominant Internet Explorer 6 . Firefox was released in November 2004 , and was highly successful with 60 million downloads within nine months , which was the first time that Internet Explorer 's dominance was challenged . Firefox is considered the spiritual successor of Netscape Navigator , as the Mozilla community was created by Netscape in 1998 before their acquisition by AOL . Firefox usage grew to a peak of 32 % at the end of 2009 , temporarily making version 3.5 the world 's most popular browser . Usage then declined in competition with Google Chrome . , Firefox has between 9 % and 16 % of worldwide usage as a `` desktop '' browser , making it the second most popular web browser . Firefox is still the most popular desktop browser in Cuba -LRB- even most popular overall -RRB- , Eritrea , and Germany , with 85.93 % , 79.39 % , and 37.01 % of the market share , respectively . It is also the most popular desktop browser in many other African countries . According to Mozilla , there were half a billion Firefox users around the world . ", "The Fire Phone is a 3D-enabled smartphone developed by Amazon.com and manufactured by Foxconn . It was announced on June 18 , 2014 , and marked Amazon 's first foray into the smartphone market , following the success of the Kindle Fire . It was available for pre-order on the day it was announced . In the United States , it launched as an AT&T exclusive on July 25 . The phone was notable for its hallmark feature `` Dynamic Perspective '' : using four front-facing cameras and the gyroscope to track the user 's movements , the OS adjusts the UI so it gives the impression of depth and 3D . Other notable Amazon services on the phone include X-Ray , used for identifying and finding information about media ; Mayday , the 24-hour customer service tool ; and Firefly , a tool which automatically recognizes text , sounds , and objects , then offering a way to buy recognized items through Amazon 's online store . The phone had received mixed reviews . Critics had praised the Dynamic Perspective , Firefly and , to a lesser extent , the packaged headphones , but derided the build , design , Fire OS version of Android , specifications , and exclusivity to AT&T . Amazon had not released sales figures for any of its devices , but based in part on its quickly declining prices and an announced $ 170 million write-down , analysts have judged it having not been commercially successful . Amazon ceased production of the Fire Phone in August 2015 and discontinued sales soon after . ", "Pentadactyl is a Firefox extension forked from the Vimperator and designed to provide a more efficient user interface for keyboard-fluent users . The design is heavily inspired by the Vim text editor , and the authors try to maintain consistency with it wherever possible . ", "The GeeksPhone Peak is a low-end smartphone released by GeeksPhone in April 2013 . It is intended for software developers wanting to build and test mobile applications on the new Firefox OS , not for general consumers . The Peak and the entry-level Keon are the first commercially available mobile devices running Firefox OS . ", "WeirdX is a Java applet that talks with X Window System server , allowing cross platform GUI session from the web browser . It is written in pure Java and licensed under GNU GPL by JCraft . It is derived from WiredX-lite , a commercial branch of the software , and provides limited support of the X11R6 .3 protocol through JDK/JRE 1.1 . " ]

[ 1, 2, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "The_Little_Prince_-LRB-2015_film-RRB-", "Prince_Vaali", "My_Little_Princess", "The_Beggar_Prince", "The_Secret_princess" ]

[ "The Little Prince is a 2015 English-language French-Italian 3D animated fantasy adventure family drama film directed by Mark Osborne and based on the 1943 novel of the same name by Antoine de Saint-Exupéry . It is the first adaptation as a full-length animated feature of The Little Prince . The film relates the story of the book using stop motion animation which is woven into a computer animated framing narrative about a young girl who has just met the book 's now-elderly aviator narrator who tells her the story of his meeting with the Little Prince in the Sahara Desert . The film stars the voices of Jeff Bridges , Rachel McAdams , Paul Rudd , Bud Cort , Marion Cotillard , Benicio del Toro , James Franco , Ricky Gervais , Paul Giamatti , Riley Osborne , Albert Brooks and Mackenzie Foy . It was produced by Dimitri Rassam , Aton Soumache and Alexis Vonarb , and written by Irena Brignull and Bob Persichetti with music by Hans Zimmer and Richard Harvey . The film premiered on 22 May 2015 at the 68th Cannes Film Festival in an out-of-competition screening , followed by a wide release in France on 29 July by Paramount Pictures . The US theatrical release was set for a release date of 18 March 2016 in RealD 3D , but was dropped mysteriously . Netflix later acquired the US distribution rights and released it on 5 August 2016 . The film has received positive reviews , earning praise for its style of animation and homage paid to the source material and earned $ 97.6 million on a $ 77.5 million budget , becoming the most successful French animated film abroad of all time . ", "Prince Vaali is an upcoming Hollywood superhero action film written by and directed by Vishnu Tanay . Prince Vaali is planned to be released in both conventional and IMAX theatres , date has to be announced . ", "My Little Princess is a 2011 French-Romanian drama film directed by Eva Ionesco and inspired by her relationship with her mother , the well-known artistic photographer Irina Ionesco whose pictures of her young daughter aroused discussions when they were published back in the 1970s . The film illustrates a situation which at first glance seems to be a paradox : whilst revealing more and more of her daughter to the public the mother seems to get increasingly estranged from her and vice versa . ", "The Beggar Prince is a lost 1920 film directed by William Worthington and produced by Sessue Hayakawa 's Haworth Pictures Corporation . ", "The Secret Princess is a 2016 feature animated family film written and directed by Segun Williams . The film was released on February 14 , 2016 and stars Cuppy Otedola , Desmond Elliot , Robert H. Wainwright , and Sherrie Silver . The film is arguably Sub-Saharan Africa 's first feature length computer generated animated family film outside of South Africa . " ]

[ 1, 0, 1, 0, 1 ]

[ "Quaid-i-Azam_University", "Islamabad", "Pakistan_International", "Palam_Rajauri", "Ninth_Avenue_-LRB-Islamabad-RRB-" ]

[ "The Quaid-i-Azam University -LRB- -LSB- ; simply QAU -RRB- is a public research university located in Islamabad , Pakistan . Founded as the University of Islamabad in 1977 , it was initially dedicated to the study of postgraduate education but expanded through the 1980s to an interdisciplinarity university offering both under and post graduate education . The university has , as of 2015 , grown into the largest varsity in Islamabad with a total enrollment excedding 13,000 students . The university is located on a 1700 acres -LRB- or 6.9 km ² -RRB- campus on the foothills of the Margalla . Divided into four faculties and nine affiliated research institutes , QAU is among Pakistan 's largest and highest ranked public universities . Globally , it is has been consistently ranked among the top 700 varisity 's in the world by the QS World University Rankings while it 's regional publications ranked QAU among 120 in Asia in 2013 . While the Times Higher Education World University Rankings ranked it between 501-600 globally and top 120 in Asia in 2014 . The university is nationally known for its research , technological advancement , and intellectual interaction with international institutes , including the United Nations , University of Tokyo and the ICTP . It is one of the most popular universities in the country and counts several public figures and intellectuals among its current and former faculty , researchers , or alumni since its establishment . Among them include the Maleeha Lodhi , Pervez Hoodbhoy , Nasim Zehra , Shamshad Akhtar , Suhail Zubairy , Farzana Aslam , Tasneem Zehra and Salma Zahid . The university is currently led by Dr. Javed Ashraf . ", "Islamabad -LRB- -LSB- ɪzˈlɑːməˌbɑːd -RSB- -LSB- , , -LSB- ɪsˌlɑːmɑˈbɑːd̪ -RSB- -RRB- is the capital city of Pakistan located within the federal Islamabad Capital Territory . With a population of two million , it is the 10th largest city of Pakistan , while the larger Islamabad-Rawalpindi metropolitan area is the third largest in Pakistan with a population exceeding five million . The city is the political seat of Pakistan and is administered by the Islamabad Metropolitan Corporation , supported by the Capital Development Authority -LRB- CDA -RRB- . Islamabad is located in the Pothohar Plateau in the northeastern part of the country , between Rawalpindi District and the Margalla Hills National Park to the north . The region has historically been a part of the crossroads of Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa with the Margalla Pass acting as the gateway between the two regions . Islamabad was built during the 1960s to replace Karachi as Pakistan 's capital . The city 's master-plan divides the city into eight zones , including administrative , diplomatic enclave , residential areas , educational sectors , industrial sectors , commercial areas , and rural and green areas . The city is known for the presence of several parks and forests , including the Margalla Hills National Park and Shakarparian Park . The city is home to several landmarks , including the Faisal Mosque , the largest mosque in South Asia and the fourth largest in the world . Other landmarks include the Pakistan 's National Monument and Democracy Square . Islamabad is a beta - world city ; it is categorised as very high on the Human Development Index , the highest in the country . The city has the highest cost of living in Pakistan , and its population is dominated by middle and upper middle class citizens . The city is home to sixteen universities , including the Quaid-e-Azam University and NUST . The city is one of the safest in Pakistan , and has an expansive surveillance system with 1,900 CCTV cameras . ", "The Pakistan International is a squash tournament that takes place in Islamabad . ", "Palam is a small village 8 km . from district Rajauri , Jammu and Kashmir , India . It has many schools like Nawaz Public Higher Secondary School Palam Rajauri and also present two other institute namely Azad Public High School palm Rajauri and Govt . High School Palam Rajauri Totally three Higher level school are present this area . In oct. 2014 some sources said palma became a tehsil . Category : Geography of Jammu and Kashmir ", "Ninth Avenue also known as Agha Shahi Avenue , named after Pakistani statesman Agha Shahi , is a partially signal free road located in Islamabad . It was inaugurated by the then CDA chairman Kamran Lashari on 25 February 2008 . It starts from the intersection on Khayaban-e-Iqbal -LRB- Marghalla Road -RRB- near Fatima Jinnah Park and ends at intersection on IJP Road connecting Rawalpindi and Islamabad . It is stretched between Sector F-8 , G-8 , H-8 , I-8 and F-9 , G-9 , H-9 , I-9 . Ninth Avenue was built at a cost of PKR 1,686.373 million . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 0, 1 ]

[ "Children_of_Henry_VIII", "Elizabeth_of_York", "Elizabeth_I_of_England", "Margaret_Holland,_Duchess_of_Clarence", "Maud_Francis,_Countess_of_Salisbury" ]

[ "Henry VIII of England had several children . The best-known are the three legitimate children who survived Henry and succeeded him as monarchs of England successively , Edward VI , Mary I and Elizabeth I. His first two wives , Catherine of Aragon and Anne Boleyn , had several pregnancies that ended in stillbirth , miscarriage , or death in infancy . Henry acknowledged one illegitimate child , Henry FitzRoy , as his own , but is suspected to have fathered several illegitimate children by different mistresses . The number and identity of these is a matter of historical debate . There are many theories about whether Henry VIII had fertility difficulties . His last three wives , Anne of Cleves , Catherine Howard and Catherine Parr are not known to have conceived by him , although Parr conceived in her next marriage . ", "Elizabeth of York -LRB- 11 February 1466 -- 11 February 1503 -RRB- was queen consort of England from 1486 until her death . As the wife of Henry VII , she was the first Tudor queen . She was the daughter of Edward IV and niece of Richard III , and she married the king following Henry 's victory at the Battle of Bosworth which started the last phase of the Wars of the Roses . She was the mother of King Henry VIII . Therefore , she was the daughter , sister , niece , wife , mother and grandmother of successive Kings of England . The period of Henry VI 's readaption from October 1470 until April 1471 and the period between her father 's death in 1483 , when she was 17 , and the making of peace between her mother and her uncle Richard were violent and anxious interludes in what was mostly a peaceful life . Her two brothers disappeared , the `` Princes in the Tower '' , their fate unknown . She was welcomed back to court by her Uncle Richard III , along with all of her sisters . As a Yorkist princess , the final victory of the Lancastrian faction in the War of the Roses may have seemed a further disaster , but Henry Tudor knew the importance of Yorkist support for his invasion and promised to marry her before he arrived in England ; this was an important move , which , however , failed to bring him the desired Yorkist support . Her marriage seems to have been successful , though her eldest son Arthur , Prince of Wales , died at age 15 in 1502 , and three other children died young . She seems to have played little part in politics . Her surviving children became a King of England and queens of France and Scotland ; it is through the Scottish Stuart dynasty that her many modern royal descendants trace their descent from her . ", "Elizabeth I -LRB- 7 September 1533 -- 24 March 1603 -RRB- was Queen of England and Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death . Sometimes called The Virgin Queen , Gloriana or Good Queen Bess , the childless Elizabeth was the last monarch of the Tudor dynasty . Elizabeth was the daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn , his second wife , who was executed two-and-a-half years after Elizabeth 's birth . Anne 's marriage to Henry VIII was annulled , and Elizabeth was declared illegitimate . Her half-brother , Edward VI , ruled until his death in 1553 , bequeathing the crown to Lady Jane Grey and ignoring the claims of his two half-sisters , Elizabeth and the Roman Catholic Mary , in spite of statute law to the contrary . Edward 's will was set aside and Mary became queen , deposing Lady Jane Grey . During Mary 's reign , Elizabeth was imprisoned for nearly a year on suspicion of supporting Protestant rebels . In 1558 , Elizabeth succeeded her half-sister to the throne and set out to rule by good counsel . She depended heavily on a group of trusted advisers , led by William Cecil , 1st Baron Burghley . One of her first actions as queen was the establishment of an English Protestant church , of which she became the Supreme Governor . This Elizabethan Religious Settlement was to evolve into the Church of England . It was expected that Elizabeth would marry and produce an heir to continue the Tudor line . She never did , despite numerous courtships . As she grew older , Elizabeth became famous for her virginity . A cult grew around her which was celebrated in the portraits , pageants , and literature of the day . In government , Elizabeth was more moderate than her father and half-siblings had been . One of her mottoes was `` video et taceo '' -LRB- `` I see but say nothing '' -RRB- . In religion , she was relatively tolerant and avoided systematic persecution . After the pope declared her illegitimate in 1570 and released her subjects from obedience to her , several conspiracies threatened her life , all of which were defeated with the help of her ministers ' secret service . Elizabeth was cautious in foreign affairs , manoeuvring between the major powers of France and Spain . She only half-heartedly supported a number of ineffective , poorly resourced military campaigns in the Netherlands , France , and Ireland . By the mid-1580s , England could no longer avoid war with Spain . England 's defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588 associated Elizabeth with one of the greatest military victories in English history . Elizabeth 's reign is known as the Elizabethan era . The period is famous for the flourishing of English drama , led by playwrights such as William Shakespeare and Christopher Marlowe , and for the seafaring prowess of English adventurers such as Francis Drake . Some historians depict Elizabeth as a short-tempered , sometimes indecisive ruler , who enjoyed more than her share of luck . Towards the end of her reign , a series of economic and military problems weakened her popularity . Elizabeth is acknowledged as a charismatic performer and a dogged survivor in an era when government was ramshackle and limited , and when monarchs in neighbouring countries faced internal problems that jeopardised their thrones . Such was the case with Elizabeth 's rival , Mary , Queen of Scots , whom she imprisoned in 1568 and had executed in 1587 . After the short reigns of Elizabeth 's half-siblings , her 44 years on the throne provided welcome stability for the kingdom and helped forge a sense of national identity . ", "Margaret Holland , Countess of Somerset -LRB- 1385 -- 31 December 1439 -RRB- was the daughter of Thomas Holland , 2nd Earl of Kent , who was the son of Joan `` the Fair Maid of Kent '' -LRB- granddaughter of Edward I of England , wife of Edward the Black Prince and mother of Richard II of England -RRB- . Margaret 's mother was Alice FitzAlan , daughter of Richard FitzAlan , 10th Earl of Arundel and Eleanor of Lancaster . Margaret married John Beaufort , 1st Earl of Somerset , son of John of Gaunt , 1st Duke of Lancaster and his mistress Katherine Swynford . They had six children : Henry Beaufort , 2nd Earl of Somerset -LRB- c. 1401 -- 25 November 1418 -RRB- . John Beaufort , 1st Duke of Somerset -LRB- baptized 25 March 1404 -- 27 May 1444 -RRB- . Thomas Beaufort , Count of Perche -LRB- c. 1405 -- 1431 -RRB- . Lady Joan Beaufort -LRB- c. 1406 -- 15 July 1445 -RRB- , who married James I of Scotland and Sir James Stewart , the Black Knight of Lorn . Edmund Beaufort , 2nd Duke of Somerset -LRB- c. 1406 -- 22 May 1455 -RRB- . Lady Margaret Beaufort , Countess of Devon -LRB- c. 1409 -- 1449 -RRB- , married Thomas de Courtenay , 13th Earl of Devon . In 1399 , she was invested as a Lady Companion , Order of the Garter -LRB- L.G. -RRB- . After Beaufort died in 1410 -LRB- in the Tower of London -RRB- , she married his nephew Thomas of Lancaster , 1st Duke of Clarence , the son of King Henry IV . They had no children . She died on 31 December 1439 at St. Saviour 's Abbey , Bermondsey , in London , England . Margaret and both her husbands are buried together in a carved alabaster tomb in Canterbury Cathedral that shows her lying between the two of them . ", "Maud Francis , Countess of Salisbury -LRB- c. 1370 -- c. 1424 -RRB- was daughter of Sir Adam Francis , born 1362 , Mayor of London , and Agnes Champnes . She was married and widowed three times . Her first husband was John Aubrey -LRB- son of another Mayor of London , Andrew Aubrey -RRB- and her second Sir Alan Buxhull , KG in 1372 . Her third husband was John Montacute , 3rd Earl of Salisbury , and they had five children : Richard Montacute Thomas Montacute , 4th Earl of Salisbury Lady Anne Montacute who married Sir Richard II Hankford as his second wife , then Sir Lewis Johan as his second wife and thirdly John Holland , 2nd Duke of Exeter as his third wife . Lady Anne was the mother of Anne Hankford by her first marriage . Lady Margaret Montacute Lady Elizabeth Montacute Following the death of Mary de Bohun , her son , the future Henry V , was given into the care of the Earl and Countess of Salisbury by his father , Henry Bolingbroke , the future King Henry IV of England . They cared for him at the manor of Courtfield in Herefordshire . An effigy in the church at Welsh Bicknor is believed to be that of the countess . In 1400 , the Earl of Salisbury was executed for treason by King Henry IV . In 1420 , Maud petitioned King Henry V to have the earl 's remains transferred from Cirencester Abbey to Bisham Priory . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Pharmacology", "Pharmaceutical_physician", "Pharmacy_and_Therapeutics", "Biology", "Biomedical_Chromatography" ]

[ "Pharmacology is the branch of biology concerned with the study of drug action , where a drug can be broadly defined as any man-made , natural , or endogenous -LRB- from within body -RRB- molecule which exerts a biochemical or physiological effect on the cell , tissue , organ , or organism -LRB- sometimes the word pharmacon is used as a term to encompass these endogenous and exogenous bioactive species -RRB- . More specifically , it is the study of the interactions that occur between a living organism and chemicals that affect normal or abnormal biochemical function . If substances have medicinal properties , they are considered pharmaceuticals . The field encompasses drug composition and properties , synthesis and drug design , molecular and cellular mechanisms , organ/systems mechanisms , signal transduction/cellular communication , molecular diagnostics , interactions , toxicology , chemical biology , therapy , and medical applications and antipathogenic capabilities . The two main areas of pharmacology are pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics . Pharmacodynamics studies the effects of a drug on biological systems , and Pharmacokinetics studies the effects of biological systems on a drug . In broad terms , pharmacodynamics discusses the chemicals with biological receptors , and pharmacokinetics discusses the absorption , distribution , metabolism , and excretion -LRB- ADME -RRB- of chemicals from the biological systems . Pharmacology is not synonymous with pharmacy and the two terms are frequently confused . Pharmacology , a biomedical science , deals with the research , discovery , and characterization of chemicals which show biological effects and the elucidation of cellular and organismal function in relation to these chemicals . In contrast , pharmacy , a health services profession , is concerned with application of the principles learned from pharmacology in its clinical settings ; whether it be in a dispensing or clinical care role . In either field , the primary contrast between the two are their distinctions between direct-patient care , for pharmacy practice , and the science-oriented research field , driven by pharmacology . The origins of clinical pharmacology date back to the Middle Ages in Avicenna 's The Canon of Medicine , Peter of Spain 's Commentary on Isaac , and John of St Amand 's Commentary on the Antedotary of Nicholas . Clinical pharmacology owes much of its foundation to the work of William Withering . Pharmacology as a scientific discipline did not further advance until the mid-19th century amid the great biomedical resurgence of that period . Before the second half of the nineteenth century , the remarkable potency and specificity of the actions of drugs such as morphine , quinine and digitalis were explained vaguely and with reference to extraordinary chemical powers and affinities to certain organs or tissues . The first pharmacology department was set up by Rudolf Buchheim in 1847 , in recognition of the need to understand how therapeutic drugs and poisons produced their effects . Early pharmacologists focused on natural substances , mainly plant extracts . Pharmacology developed in the 19th century as a biomedical science that applied the principles of scientific experimentation to therapeutic contexts . Today pharmacologists use genetics , molecular biology , chemistry , and other advanced tools to transform information about molecular mechanisms and targets into therapies directed against disease , defects or pathogens , and create methods for preventative care , diagnostics , and ultimately personalized medicine . ", "A Pharmaceutical Physician is a healthcare professional who performs actions related to pharmacology . They work in biotechnology companies , Clinical Research Organisations -LRB- CROs -RRB- , Regulatory Authorities , and pharmaceutical companies . ", "Pharmacy and Therapeutics is a committee at a hospital or an insurance plan that meets to decide which drugs will appear on that entity 's drug formulary . The committee usually consists of both physicians and pharmacists . They must weigh the costs and benefits of each drug and decide which ones a person and the most efficacy per dollar . This is one aspect of pharmaceutical policy . Most generic drugs are available on formularies , except in cases where that class of drugs are no longer considered safe and efficacious . For instance most formularies will not cover barbiturates since their therapeutic index is low compared to benzodiazepines . Barbiturates have a danger of overdosing that occurs at a smaller milligram range than the benzodiazepines . Category : Hospitals ", "Biology is a natural science concerned with the study of life and living organisms , including their structure , function , growth , evolution , distribution , identification and taxonomy . Modern biology is a vast and eclectic field , composed of many branches and subdisciplines . However , despite the broad scope of biology , there are certain unifying concepts within it that consolidate it into single , coherent field . In general , biology recognizes the cell as the basic unit of life , genes as the basic unit of heredity , and evolution as the engine that propels the creation of new species . It is also understood today that all organisms survive by consuming and transforming energy and by regulating their internal environment to maintain a stable and vital condition known as homeostasis . Sub-disciplines of biology are defined by the scale at which organisms are studied , the kinds of organisms studied , and the methods used to study them : biochemistry examines the rudimentary chemistry of life ; molecular biology studies the complex interactions among biological molecules ; botany studies the biology of plants ; cellular biology examines the basic building-block of all life , the cell ; physiology examines the physical and chemical functions of tissues , organs , and organ systems of an organism ; evolutionary biology examines the processes that produced the diversity of life ; and ecology examines how organisms interact in their environment . ", "Biomedical Chromatography is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal , published since 1986 by John Wiley & Sons . It covers research on the applications of chromatography and allied techniques in the biological and medical sciences . The editor-in-chief is Michael Bartlett -LRB- University of Georgia -RRB- . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "IPhone_4", "IOS_4", "IPhone_4S", "IPhone", "IPhone_3GS" ]

[ "The iPhone 4 is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc. . Following a number of notable leaks , the iPhone 4 was first unveiled on June 7 , 2010 , at Apple 's Worldwide Developers Conference in San Francisco , and was released on June 24 , 2010 , in the United States , United Kingdom , France , Germany and Japan . It is the 4th generation of iPhone , succeeding the 3GS and preceding the 4S . The iPhone 4 introduced a new hardware design to the iPhone family , which Apple 's CEO Steve Jobs touted as the thinnest smartphone in the world at the time ; it consisted of an uninsulated stainless steel frame which doubles as an antenna , with internal components situated between chemically strengthened aluminosilicate glass . The iPhone 4 also introduced Apple 's new high-resolution `` Retina Display '' ; while maintaining the same physical size and aspect ratio as its precursors , its liquid crystal display had a pixel density of 326 pixels per inch . The iPhone 4 also introduced Apple 's A4 system-on-chip , along with iOS 4 -- which notably introduced multitasking functionality and Apple 's new FaceTime video chat service . The iPhone 4 was also the first iPhone to include a front-facing camera , and the first to be released in a version for CDMA networks , ending AT&T 's period as the exclusive carrier of iPhone products in the United States . It was succeeded as Apple 's flagship smartphone in 2011 by the iPhone 4S . However , iPhone 4 continued to be produced until 2013 . The iPhone 4 received generally positive reception , with critics praising its revamped design and more powerful hardware in comparison to previous models . While it was a market success , with over 600,000 pre-orders within 24 hours , the release of the iPhone 4 was plagued by highly publicized reports that abnormalities in its new antenna design caused the device to lose its cellular signal if held in a certain way . Most human contact with the phone 's outer edge would cause a significant decrease in signal strength . The iPhone 4 spent the longest time as Apple 's flagship iPhone model at fifteen months , and had the longest lifespan of any iPhone ever produced , spanning close to four years and available in some developing countries until early 2015 . ", "iOS 4 is the fourth major release of the iOS mobile operating system designed by Apple Inc. , being the successor to iPhone OS 3 . It was released on June 21 , 2010 , and was the first major release to be renamed to simply `` iOS '' , and the first major release to drop support for some devices , as well as the first update that iPod Touch users did not have to pay for . iOS 4 was succeeded by iOS 5 , which was released on October 12 , 2011 . ", "The iPhone 4S -LRB- retroactively stylized with a lowercase 's ' as iPhone 4s as of September 2013 -RRB- is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc. . It is the fifth generation of the iPhone , succeeding the iPhone 4 and preceding the iPhone 5 . Announced on October 4 , 2011 at Apple 's Cupertino campus , its media coverage was accompanied by news of the death of former Apple CEO and co-founder Steve Jobs on the following day . Orders could be placed on October 7 , 2011 and mainstream availability in retail stores began on October 14 , 2011 in the United States , Australia , Canada , the United Kingdom , France , Germany , and Japan , sales peaked over its predecessor with more than a million sales in the first twenty-four hours of order availability and more than four million sales in the first four days of retail availability . Further worldwide rollout , including 22 additional countries on October 28 , came over the next several months . This iPhone was named `` 4S '' where `` S '' stood for Siri -LRB- Apple CEO Tim Cook confirmed that during the Q&A session at the D10 conference in May 2012 , -RRB- an iPhone 4S-exclusive intelligent personal assistant that was later included in future generations of mobile Apple products . Retaining the most of the external design of the iPhone 4 , the 4S hosted major internal upgrades , including an upgrade to the Apple A5 chipset , and an 8-megapixel camera with 1080p video recording . It debuted with iOS 5 , the fifth major version of iOS , Apple 's mobile operating system , that introduced features including iCloud , iMessage , Notification Center , Reminders , and Twitter integration . Reception to the was generally favorable . Reviewers noted Siri , the new camera , and processing speeds as significant advantages over the prior model . It was succeeded by the iPhone 5 as Apple 's flagship phone on September 12 , 2012 . The iPhone 4S remained in production , albeit being sold with reduced storage -LRB- from 16/32/64 GB down to 8 GB -RRB- . It was discontinued officially on September 9 , 2014 , following the announcement of the iPhone 6 , but is currently supported as of iOS 9 . During the course of its lifetime , the iPhone 4S is the best-selling iPhone ever produced and it is the first iPhone to support five major versions of iOS : iOS 5 , iOS 6 , iOS 7 , iOS 8 , and iOS 9 . The iPad 2 was supported from iOS 4 to iOS 9 . It is also the last iPhone to have the original 30 pin connector as it was replaced by the Lightning Connector when the iPhone 5 was released . ", "7 / 7 Plus : -RCB- -RCB- | unitssold = 1 billion + | service = -RCB- -RCB- iPhone -LRB- -LSB- ˈaɪfoʊn -RSB- -RRB- is a line of smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc. . They run Apple 's iOS mobile operating system . The first generation iPhone was released on June 29 , 2007 , and there have been multiple new hardware iterations since . The user interface is built around the device 's multi-touch screen , including a virtual keyboard . The iPhone has Wi-Fi and can connect to cellular networks . An iPhone can shoot video -LRB- though this was not a standard feature until the iPhone 3GS -RRB- , take photos , play music , send and receive email , browse the web , send and receive text messages , follow GPS navigation , record notes , perform mathematical calculations , and receive visual voicemail . Other functionality , such as video games , reference works , and social networking , can be enabled by downloading mobile apps . , Apple 's App Store contained more than 2.2 million applications available for the iPhone . Apple has released ten generations of iPhone models , each accompanied by one of the ten major releases of the iOS operating system . The original 1st-generation iPhone was a GSM phone and established design precedents , such as a button placement that has persisted throughout all releases and a screen size maintained for the next four iterations . The iPhone 3G added 3G network support , and was followed by the 3GS with improved hardware , the 4 with a metal chassis , higher display resolution and front-facing camera , and the 4S with improved hardware and the voice assistant Siri . The iPhone 5 featured a taller , 4-inch display and Apple 's newly introduced Lightning connector . In 2013 , Apple released the 5S with improved hardware and a fingerprint reader , and the lower-cost 5C , a version of the 5 with colored plastic casings instead of metal . They were followed by the larger iPhone 6 , with models featuring 4.7 and 5.5-inch displays . The iPhone 6S was introduced the following year , which featured hardware upgrades and support for pressure-sensitive touch inputs , as well as the SE -- which featured hardware from the 6S but the smaller form factor of the 5S . In 2016 , Apple unveiled the iPhone 7 and 7 Plus , which add water resistance , improved system and graphics performance , a new rear dual-camera setup on the Plus model , and new color options , while removing the 3.5 mm headphone jack found on previous models . The original iPhone was described as `` revolutionary '' and a `` game-changer '' for the mobile phone industry . Newer iterations have also garnered praise , and the iPhone 's success has been credited with helping to make Apple one of the world 's most valuable publicly-traded companies . ", "The iPhone 3GS -LRB- originally styled iPhone 3G S -RRB- is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc. . It is the third generation iPhone , successor to the iPhone 3G . It was introduced on June 8 , 2009 , at the WWDC 2009 which took place at the Moscone Center , San Francisco . This iPhone is named `` 3GS '' where `` S '' stood for Speed -LRB- Phil Schiller had mentioned it in the launch keynote -RRB- . Improvements include performance , a 3-megapixel camera with higher resolution and video ability , voice control , and support for 7.2 Mbit/s HSDPA downloading -LRB- but remains limited to uploading as Apple had not implemented the HSUPA protocol -RRB- . It was released in the USA , Canada , and six European countries on June 19 , 2009 , in Australia and Japan on June 26 , and internationally in July and August 2009 . The iPhone 3GS runs Apple 's iOS operating system . It is controlled mostly by a user 's fingertips on a multi-touch display . It was succeeded as Apple 's flagship smartphone in 2010 by the iPhone 4 ; however , the 3GS continued in production until September 2012 when the iPhone 5 was announced . " ]

[ 0, 0, 1, 0, 1 ]

[ "Ezequiel_Schelotto", "Naide_Gomes", "Wilson_Rodrigues_de_Moura_Júnior", "Freddie_Kini", "Walter_Moreira_Salles" ]

[ "Ezequiel Matías Schelotto -LRB- -LSB- skeˈlɔtto -RSB- ; born 23 May 1989 -RRB- is an Argentine-born Italian footballer who plays as a right back for Portuguese club Sporting Clube de Portugal . He is nicknamed El Galgo -LRB- `` The Greyhound '' in Spanish -RRB- because of his running skills or , less frequently , El Mosquetero -LRB- `` The Musketeer '' -RRB- . ", "Enezaide do Rosário da Vera Cruz Gomes , OIH -LRB- born 20 November 1979 -RRB- is a former Portuguese heptathlete and long jumper , born in São Tomé and Príncipe . She also competed in 100 metres hurdles at the 2000 Summer Olympics . She represented Sporting Clube de Portugal . ", "Wilson Rodrigues de Moura Júnior -LRB- born 31 January 1984 in Santo André -RRB- , simply known as Wilson , is a Brazilian footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Coritiba . ", "Freddie Kini -LRB- born 27 November 1992 -RRB- is a footballer from the Solomon Islands . He plays as a defender for Western United in the Solomon Islands S-League . He is a member of the Solomon Islands national football team . He made his debut during the 2012 OFC Nations Cup and he never scored a goal . ", "Walter Moreira Salles -LRB- sometimes Walther Morreira Sales , born in Pouso Alegre , MG , May 28 , 1912 -- Petrópolis , RJ , 2001 -RRB- was a highly successful Brazilian banker , politician and philanthropist who is considered by many as one of the premier founders of the modern Brazilian financial and banking industry , Graduated from the Faculty of Law of Largo de São Francisco , University of São Paulo . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Ned_Stark", "Academy_Award_for_Best_Actor", "A_Real_Vermeer", "45th_British_Academy_Film_Awards", "Ray_-LRB-soundtrack-RRB-" ]

[ "Eddard `` Ned '' Stark is a fictional character in the first book of George R. R. Martin 's A Song of Ice and Fire series of fantasy novels and the first season of its television adaptation . Introduced in 1996 's A Game of Thrones , Ned is the honorable lord of Winterfell , an ancient fortress in the North of the fictional continent of Westeros . Though the character is established as a primary character in the novel and the TV adaptation , Martin 's plot twist at the end involving Ned shocked both readers of the book and viewers of the TV series . Ned is portrayed by Sean Bean in the first season of HBO 's adaptation of the series , Game of Thrones , and as a child and young man by Sebastian Croft and Robert Aramayo respectively in the sixth season . Bean was nominated for a Saturn Award for Best Actor on Television and a Scream Award for Best Fantasy Actor for the role . He and the rest of the cast were nominated for Screen Actors Guild Awards for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series in 2011 . ", "The Academy Award for Best Actor is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences -LRB- AMPAS -RRB- . It is given in honor of an actor who has delivered an outstanding performance in a leading role while working within the film industry . The 1st Academy Awards ceremony was held in 1929 with Emil Jannings receiving the award for his roles in The Last Command and The Way of All Flesh . Currently , nominees are determined by single transferable vote within the actors branch of AMPAS ; winners are selected by a plurality vote from the entire eligible voting members of the Academy . In the first three years of the awards , actors were nominated as the best in their categories . At that time , all of their work during the qualifying period -LRB- as many as three films , in some cases -RRB- was listed after the award . However , during the 3rd ceremony held in 1930 , only one of those films was cited in each winner 's final award , even though each of the acting winners had two films following their names on the ballots . The following year , this unwieldy and confusing system was replaced by the current system in which an actor is nominated for a specific performance in a single film . Starting with the 9th ceremony held in 1937 , the category was officially limited to five nominations per year . Since its inception , the award has been given to 79 actors . Daniel Day-Lewis has received the most awards in this category with three Oscars . Spencer Tracy and Laurence Olivier were nominated on nine occasions , more than any other actor . As of the 2017 ceremony , Casey Affleck is the most recent winner in this category for his role as Lee Chandler in Manchester by the Sea . ", "A Real Vermeer -LRB- Een echte Vermeer -RRB- is a 2016 Dutch biographical film about art forger Han van Meegeren directed by Rudolf van den Berg . It was listed as one of eleven films that could be selected as the Dutch submission for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 89th Academy Awards , but it was not nominated . ", "The 45th British Film Awards , given by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts in 1992 , honoured the best films of 1991 . Alan Parker 's The Commitments won the awards for Best Film , Director , Adapted Screenplay and Editing . The Silence of the Lambs won the awards for Best Actor -LRB- Anthony Hopkins -RRB- and Actress -LRB- Jodie Foster -RRB- . It went on to win the same Academy Awards . Alan Rickman was voted Best Actor in a Supporting Role for his work in Robin Hood : Prince of Thieves . Kate Nelligan -LRB- Frankie and Johnny -RRB- won the award for Best Supporting Actress . ", "Ray is the soundtrack of the 2004 film Ray starring Jamie Foxx -LRB- who won the Academy Award for Best Actor for his role as `` Ray Charles '' in this film -RRB- , Kerry Washington , Terrence Howard , Clifton Powell and Regina King . The score was composed by Breyon Prescott and Craig Armstrong . The album won a Grammy Award and was nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Film Music . " ]

[ 0, 2, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "IOS_4", "IPhone", "IPhone_4", "IPhone_4S", "IPhone_3GS" ]

[ "iOS 4 is the fourth major release of the iOS mobile operating system designed by Apple Inc. , being the successor to iPhone OS 3 . It was released on June 21 , 2010 , and was the first major release to be renamed to simply `` iOS '' , and the first major release to drop support for some devices , as well as the first update that iPod Touch users did not have to pay for . iOS 4 was succeeded by iOS 5 , which was released on October 12 , 2011 . ", "7 / 7 Plus : -RCB- -RCB- | unitssold = 1 billion + | service = -RCB- -RCB- iPhone -LRB- -LSB- ˈaɪfoʊn -RSB- -RRB- is a line of smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc. . They run Apple 's iOS mobile operating system . The first generation iPhone was released on June 29 , 2007 , and there have been multiple new hardware iterations since . The user interface is built around the device 's multi-touch screen , including a virtual keyboard . The iPhone has Wi-Fi and can connect to cellular networks . An iPhone can shoot video -LRB- though this was not a standard feature until the iPhone 3GS -RRB- , take photos , play music , send and receive email , browse the web , send and receive text messages , follow GPS navigation , record notes , perform mathematical calculations , and receive visual voicemail . Other functionality , such as video games , reference works , and social networking , can be enabled by downloading mobile apps . , Apple 's App Store contained more than 2.2 million applications available for the iPhone . Apple has released ten generations of iPhone models , each accompanied by one of the ten major releases of the iOS operating system . The original 1st-generation iPhone was a GSM phone and established design precedents , such as a button placement that has persisted throughout all releases and a screen size maintained for the next four iterations . The iPhone 3G added 3G network support , and was followed by the 3GS with improved hardware , the 4 with a metal chassis , higher display resolution and front-facing camera , and the 4S with improved hardware and the voice assistant Siri . The iPhone 5 featured a taller , 4-inch display and Apple 's newly introduced Lightning connector . In 2013 , Apple released the 5S with improved hardware and a fingerprint reader , and the lower-cost 5C , a version of the 5 with colored plastic casings instead of metal . They were followed by the larger iPhone 6 , with models featuring 4.7 and 5.5-inch displays . The iPhone 6S was introduced the following year , which featured hardware upgrades and support for pressure-sensitive touch inputs , as well as the SE -- which featured hardware from the 6S but the smaller form factor of the 5S . In 2016 , Apple unveiled the iPhone 7 and 7 Plus , which add water resistance , improved system and graphics performance , a new rear dual-camera setup on the Plus model , and new color options , while removing the 3.5 mm headphone jack found on previous models . The original iPhone was described as `` revolutionary '' and a `` game-changer '' for the mobile phone industry . Newer iterations have also garnered praise , and the iPhone 's success has been credited with helping to make Apple one of the world 's most valuable publicly-traded companies . ", "The iPhone 4 is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc. . Following a number of notable leaks , the iPhone 4 was first unveiled on June 7 , 2010 , at Apple 's Worldwide Developers Conference in San Francisco , and was released on June 24 , 2010 , in the United States , United Kingdom , France , Germany and Japan . It is the 4th generation of iPhone , succeeding the 3GS and preceding the 4S . The iPhone 4 introduced a new hardware design to the iPhone family , which Apple 's CEO Steve Jobs touted as the thinnest smartphone in the world at the time ; it consisted of an uninsulated stainless steel frame which doubles as an antenna , with internal components situated between chemically strengthened aluminosilicate glass . The iPhone 4 also introduced Apple 's new high-resolution `` Retina Display '' ; while maintaining the same physical size and aspect ratio as its precursors , its liquid crystal display had a pixel density of 326 pixels per inch . The iPhone 4 also introduced Apple 's A4 system-on-chip , along with iOS 4 -- which notably introduced multitasking functionality and Apple 's new FaceTime video chat service . The iPhone 4 was also the first iPhone to include a front-facing camera , and the first to be released in a version for CDMA networks , ending AT&T 's period as the exclusive carrier of iPhone products in the United States . It was succeeded as Apple 's flagship smartphone in 2011 by the iPhone 4S . However , iPhone 4 continued to be produced until 2013 . The iPhone 4 received generally positive reception , with critics praising its revamped design and more powerful hardware in comparison to previous models . While it was a market success , with over 600,000 pre-orders within 24 hours , the release of the iPhone 4 was plagued by highly publicized reports that abnormalities in its new antenna design caused the device to lose its cellular signal if held in a certain way . Most human contact with the phone 's outer edge would cause a significant decrease in signal strength . The iPhone 4 spent the longest time as Apple 's flagship iPhone model at fifteen months , and had the longest lifespan of any iPhone ever produced , spanning close to four years and available in some developing countries until early 2015 . ", "The iPhone 4S -LRB- retroactively stylized with a lowercase 's ' as iPhone 4s as of September 2013 -RRB- is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc. . It is the fifth generation of the iPhone , succeeding the iPhone 4 and preceding the iPhone 5 . Announced on October 4 , 2011 at Apple 's Cupertino campus , its media coverage was accompanied by news of the death of former Apple CEO and co-founder Steve Jobs on the following day . Orders could be placed on October 7 , 2011 and mainstream availability in retail stores began on October 14 , 2011 in the United States , Australia , Canada , the United Kingdom , France , Germany , and Japan , sales peaked over its predecessor with more than a million sales in the first twenty-four hours of order availability and more than four million sales in the first four days of retail availability . Further worldwide rollout , including 22 additional countries on October 28 , came over the next several months . This iPhone was named `` 4S '' where `` S '' stood for Siri -LRB- Apple CEO Tim Cook confirmed that during the Q&A session at the D10 conference in May 2012 , -RRB- an iPhone 4S-exclusive intelligent personal assistant that was later included in future generations of mobile Apple products . Retaining the most of the external design of the iPhone 4 , the 4S hosted major internal upgrades , including an upgrade to the Apple A5 chipset , and an 8-megapixel camera with 1080p video recording . It debuted with iOS 5 , the fifth major version of iOS , Apple 's mobile operating system , that introduced features including iCloud , iMessage , Notification Center , Reminders , and Twitter integration . Reception to the was generally favorable . Reviewers noted Siri , the new camera , and processing speeds as significant advantages over the prior model . It was succeeded by the iPhone 5 as Apple 's flagship phone on September 12 , 2012 . The iPhone 4S remained in production , albeit being sold with reduced storage -LRB- from 16/32/64 GB down to 8 GB -RRB- . It was discontinued officially on September 9 , 2014 , following the announcement of the iPhone 6 , but is currently supported as of iOS 9 . During the course of its lifetime , the iPhone 4S is the best-selling iPhone ever produced and it is the first iPhone to support five major versions of iOS : iOS 5 , iOS 6 , iOS 7 , iOS 8 , and iOS 9 . The iPad 2 was supported from iOS 4 to iOS 9 . It is also the last iPhone to have the original 30 pin connector as it was replaced by the Lightning Connector when the iPhone 5 was released . ", "The iPhone 3GS -LRB- originally styled iPhone 3G S -RRB- is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc. . It is the third generation iPhone , successor to the iPhone 3G . It was introduced on June 8 , 2009 , at the WWDC 2009 which took place at the Moscone Center , San Francisco . This iPhone is named `` 3GS '' where `` S '' stood for Speed -LRB- Phil Schiller had mentioned it in the launch keynote -RRB- . Improvements include performance , a 3-megapixel camera with higher resolution and video ability , voice control , and support for 7.2 Mbit/s HSDPA downloading -LRB- but remains limited to uploading as Apple had not implemented the HSUPA protocol -RRB- . It was released in the USA , Canada , and six European countries on June 19 , 2009 , in Australia and Japan on June 26 , and internationally in July and August 2009 . The iPhone 3GS runs Apple 's iOS operating system . It is controlled mostly by a user 's fingertips on a multi-touch display . It was succeeded as Apple 's flagship smartphone in 2010 by the iPhone 4 ; however , the 3GS continued in production until September 2012 when the iPhone 5 was announced . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 2, 2 ]

[ "Moscovium", "Actinide_chemistry", "CeCoIn5", "Unified_atomic_mass_unit", "Transactinide_element" ]

[ "Moscovium is a superheavy synthetic element with symbol Mc and atomic number 115 . It was first synthesized in 2003 by a joint team of Russian and American scientists at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research -LRB- JINR -RRB- in Dubna , Russia . In December 2015 , it was recognized as one of four new elements by the Joint Working Party of international scientific bodies IUPAC and IUPAP . On 28 November 2016 , it was officially named after the Moscow region , which the JINR is situated in . Moscovium is an extremely radioactive element : its most stable known isotope , moscovium-290 , has a half-life of only 0.8 seconds . In the periodic table , it is a p-block transactinide element . It is a member of the 7th period and is placed in group 15 as the heaviest pnictogen , although it has not been confirmed to behave as a heavier homologue of the pnictogen bismuth . Moscovium is calculated to have some properties similar to its lighter homologues , nitrogen , phosphorus , arsenic , antimony , and bismuth , and to be a post-transition metal , although it should also show several major differences from them . About 100 atoms of moscovium have been observed to date , all of which have been shown to have mass numbers from 287 to 290 . ", "Actinide chemistry -LRB- or actinoid chemistry -RRB- is one of the main branches of nuclear chemistry that investigates the processes and molecular systems of the actinides . The actinides chemistry derives its name from the group 3 element actinium . The informal chemical symbol An is used in general discussions of actinide chemistry to refer to any actinide . All but one of the actinides are f-block elements , corresponding to the filling of the 5f electron shell ; lawrencium , a d-block element , is also generally considered an actinide . In comparison with the lanthanides , also mostly f-block elements , the actinides show much more variable valence . The actinide series encompasses the 15 metallic chemical elements with atomic numbers from 89 to 103 , actinium through lawrencium . ", "CeCoIn5 -LRB- `` Cerium-Cobalt-Indium 5 '' -RRB- is a heavy-fermion superconductor with a layered crystal structure , with somewhat two-dimensional electronic transport properties . The critical temperature of 2.3 K is the highest among all of the Ce-based heavy-fermion superconductors . ", "The unified atomic mass unit -LRB- symbol : u -RRB- or dalton -LRB- symbol : Da -RRB- is a standard unit of mass that quantifies mass on an atomic or molecular scale -LRB- atomic mass -RRB- . One unified atomic mass unit is approximately the mass of one nucleon -LRB- either a single proton or neutron -RRB- and is numerically equivalent to 1g/mol . It is defined as one twelfth of the mass of an unbound neutral atom of carbon-12 in its nuclear and electronic ground state and at rest , and has a value of , or approximately 1.66 yoctograms . The CIPM has categorised it as a non-SI unit accepted for use with the SI , and whose value in SI units must be obtained experimentally . The amu without the `` unified '' prefix is technically an obsolete unit based on oxygen , which was replaced in 1961 . However , many sources still use the term `` amu '' but now define it in the same way as u -LRB- i.e. , based on carbon-12 -RRB- . In this sense , most uses of the terms `` atomic mass units '' and `` amu '' today actually refer to unified atomic mass unit . For standardization a specific atomic nucleus -LRB- carbon-12 vs. oxygen-16 -RRB- had to be chosen because the average mass of a nucleon depends on the count of the nucleons in the atomic nucleus due to mass defect . This is also why the mass of a proton or neutron by itself is more than -LRB- and not equal to -RRB- 1 u. The atomic mass unit is not the unit of mass in the atomic units system , which is rather the electron rest mass -LRB- me -RRB- . ", "In chemistry , transactinide elements -LRB- also , transactinides , or super-heavy elements -RRB- are the chemical elements with atomic numbers from 104 to 120 . Their atomic numbers are immediately greater than those of the actinides , the heaviest of which is lawrencium -LRB- atomic number 103 -RRB- . Chemistry Nobelist Glenn T. Seaborg first proposed the actinide concept , which led to the acceptance of the actinide series . He also proposed the transactinide series ranging from element 104 to 121 and the superactinide series approximately spanning elements 122 to 153 . The transactinide seaborgium was named in his honor . By definition , transactinide elements are also transuranic elements , i.e. have an atomic number greater than uranium -LRB- 92 -RRB- . The transactinide elements all have electrons in the 6d subshell in their ground state . Except for rutherfordium and dubnium , even the longest-lasting isotopes of transactinide elements have extremely short half-lives , measured in seconds , or smaller units . The element naming controversy involved the first five or six transactinide elements . These elements thus used systematic names for many years after their discovery had been confirmed . -LRB- Usually the systematic names are replaced with permanent names proposed by the discoverers relatively shortly after a discovery has been confirmed . -RRB- Transactinides are radioactive and have only been obtained synthetically in laboratories . None of these elements has ever been collected in a macroscopic sample . Transactinide elements are all named after physicists and chemists or important locations involved in the synthesis of the elements . IUPAC defines an element to exist if its lifetime is longer than 10 − 14 seconds , which is the time it takes for the nucleus to form an electronic cloud . " ]

[ 2, 1, 0, 1, 1 ]

[ "List_of_people_diagnosed_with_coeliac_disease", "Coeliac_disease", "Babesia_divergens", "Hemolytic-uremic_syndrome", "Tick-borne_encephalitis" ]

[ "The following is a list of notable people diagnosed with coeliac disease . ", "Coeliac disease , also spelled celiac disease , is a long term autoimmune disorder primarily affecting the small intestine that occurs in people who are genetically predisposed . Classic symptoms include gastrointestinal problems such as chronic diarrhoea , abdominal distention , malabsorption , loss of appetite , and among children failure to grow normally . This often begins between six months and two years of age . Non-classic symptoms are more common , especially in people older than two years . There may be mild or absent gastrointestinal symptoms , a wide number of symptoms involving any part of the body , or no obvious symptoms . Coeliac disease was first described in childhood ; however , it may develop at any age . It is associated with other autoimmune diseases , such as diabetes mellitus type 1 and thyroiditis , among others . Coeliac disease is caused by a reaction to gluten , which are various proteins found in wheat and in other grains such as barley , and rye . Moderate quantities of oats , free of contamination with other gluten-containing grains , are usually tolerated . The occurrence of problems may depend on the variety of oat . Upon exposure to gluten , an abnormal immune response may lead to the production of several different autoantibodies that can affect a number of different organs . In the small-bowel this causes an inflammatory reaction and may produce shortening of the villi lining the small intestine -LRB- villous atrophy -RRB- . This affects the absorption of nutrients , frequently leading to anaemia . Diagnosis is typically made by a combination of blood antibody tests and intestinal biopsies , helped by specific genetic testing . Making the diagnosis is not always straightforward . Frequently , the autoantibodies in the blood are negative and many people have only minor intestinal changes with normal villi . People may have severe symptoms and be investigated for years before a diagnosis is achieved . Increasingly , the diagnosis is being made in people without symptoms as a result of screening . Evidence regarding the effects of screening , however , is not sufficient to determine its usefulness . While the disease is caused by a permanent intolerance to wheat proteins , it is not a form of wheat allergy . The only known effective treatment is a strict lifelong gluten-free diet , which leads to recovery of the intestinal mucosa , improves symptoms , and reduces risk of developing complications in most people . If untreated , it may result in cancers such as intestinal lymphoma and a slight increased risk of early death . Rates vary between different regions of the world , from as few as 1 in 300 to as many as 1 in 40 , with an average of between 1 in 100 and 1 in 170 people . In developed countries , it is estimated that five out of six cases -LRB- 83 % -RRB- remain undiagnosed , usually because of non-classic , minimal , or absent complaints . Coeliac disease is slightly more common in women than in men . The term `` coeliac '' is from the Greek κοιλιακός -LRB- koiliakós , `` abdominal '' -RRB- and was introduced in the 19th century in a translation of what is generally regarded as an ancient Greek description of the disease by Aretaeus of Cappadocia . ", "Babesia divergens is an intraerythrocytic parasite , transmitted by the tick Ixodes ricinus . It is the main agent of bovine babesiosis , or `` redwater fever '' , in Europe . Young cattle are less susceptible . The current emphasis in Europe on sustainable agriculture and extensification is likely to lead to an increase in vector tick populations with increased risk of infection . Human infections are rare . The most severe , life-threatening infections were described in asplenic patients . Infections in immunocompetent patients were also observed , and described as a `` serious influenza-like '' syndrome that requires medical treatment . ", "Hemolytic-uremic syndrome -LRB- or haemolytic-uraemic syndrome -RRB- , abbreviated HUS , is a disease characterized by a triad of hemolytic anemia -LRB- anemia caused by destruction of red blood cells -RRB- , acute kidney failure -LRB- uremia -RRB- , and a low platelet count -LRB- thrombocytopenia -RRB- . It predominantly , but not exclusively , affects children . Most cases are preceded by an episode of infectious , sometimes bloody , diarrhea acquired as a foodborne illness or from a contaminated water supply caused by E. coli O157 : H7 , other non-o157 : H7 E. coli serotypes , Shigella , and Campylobacter . A variety of viruses have also been implicated as a causative agent . It is now the most common cause of acquired acute renal failure in childhood . It is a medical emergency and carries a 5 -- 10 % mortality rate ; of the remainder , the majority recover without major consequences , approximately 30 % suffer residual renal injury . The primary target appears to be the vascular endothelial cell . This may explain the pathogenesis of HUS , in which a characteristic renal lesion is capillary microangiopathy . HUS was first defined as a syndrome in 1955 . The more common form of the disease , Shiga-like toxin-producing E. coli HUS -LRB- STEC-HUS -RRB- , is triggered by the infectious agent E. coli O157 : H7 , and several other non-O157 : H7 E. coli serotypes . Certain Shiga toxin-secreting strains of Shigella dysenteriae can also cause HUS . Approximately 5 % of cases are classified as pneumococcal HUS , which results from infection by Streptococcus pneumoniae , the agent that causes traditional lobar pneumonia . There is also a rare , chronic , and severe form known as atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome -LRB- aHUS -RRB- , which is caused by genetic defects resulting in chronic , uncontrolled complement activation . Both STEC-HUS and aHUS cause endothelial damage , leukocyte activation , platelet activation , and widespread inflammation and multiple thromboses in the small blood vessels , a condition known as systemic thrombotic microangiopathy -LRB- TMA -RRB- , which leads to thrombotic events as well as organ damage/failure and death . ", "Tick-borne encephalitis -LRB- TBE -RRB- is a viral infectious disease involving the central nervous system . The disease most often manifests as meningitis , encephalitis , or meningoencephalitis . Although TBE is most commonly recognized as a neurological disorder , mild fever can also occur . Long-lasting or permanent neuropsychiatric sequelae are observed in 10 to 20 % of infected patients . The number of reported cases has been increasing in most countries . The tick-borne encephalitis virus is known to infect a range of hosts including ruminants , birds , rodents , carnivores , horses and humans . The disease can also be zoonotic , with ruminants and dogs providing the principal source of infection for humans . TBE , like Lyme disease , is one of the many tick-borne diseases . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "Steven_Meese", "Gianrico_Carofiglio", "Giornalisti_-LRB-TV_series-RRB-", "PBS", "Giuliano_Hazan" ]

[ "Steven Meese -LRB- b. December 5 , 1971 , in Ioannina , Greece -RRB- is a Greek-American chef and TV personality best known as the creator , host and producer of the PBS series , `` A Chef 's Journey . '' ", "Gianrico Carofiglio -LRB- born 30 May 1961 -RRB- is a novelist and former anti-Mafia judge in the Italian city of Bari . His debut novel , Involuntary Witness , published in 2002 and translated into English in 2005 by Patrick Creagh , was published by the Bitter Lemon Press and has been adapted as the basis for a popular television series in Italy . The subsequent novels were translated by Howard Curtis . Carofiglio won the 2005 Premio Bancarella award for his novel `` Il passato è una terra straniera '' . He is also Honorary President of The Edinburgh Gadda Prize which celebrates the work of Carlo Emilio Gadda . ", "Giornalisti is an Italian television series . ", "The Public Broadcasting Service -LRB- PBS -RRB- is an American public broadcaster and television program distributor . Headquartered in Arlington , Virginia , PBS is an independently operated non-profit organization and is the most prominent provider of television programming to public television stations in the United States , distributing series such as Keeping Up Appearances , BBC World News , NOVA scienceNOW , NOVA , Barney and Friends , Arthur , Sesame Street , PBS NewsHour , Walking with Dinosaurs , Masterpiece , Nature , American Masters , Frontline , and Antiques Roadshow . PBS is funded by member station dues , the Corporation for Public Broadcasting , government agencies , corporations , foundations and individual citizens . All proposed funding is subjected to a set of standards to ensure the program is free of influence from the funding source . Since the mid-2000s , Roper polls commissioned by PBS have consistently placed the service as the most-trusted national institution in the United States . However , PBS is not responsible for all programming carried on public television stations , a large proportion of which -LRB- including most specials aired during pledge drives -RRB- come from affiliates , including such member stations as WGBH , WETA-TV , WNET , WTTW National Productions -RRB- , American Public Television and independent producers . This arbitrary distinction is a frequent source of viewer confusion . The service has more than 350 member television stations , many owned by educational institutions or non-profit groups affiliated with a local public school district , collegiate educational institution or by state government-owned or - related entities . It also operates National Datacast -LRB- NDI -RRB- , a subsidiary which offers datacasting services via member stations , and provides additional revenue for PBS and its member stations . ", "Giuliano Hazan -LRB- born 1 December 1958 in Manhattan -RRB- is an Italian cookbook author and educator who travels throughout the world teaching Italian cooking . The son of Italian cooking doyenne Marcella Hazan , his combination of Italian palate and American organization makes his message of fresh ingredients prepared in a simple manner , clear , timeless and delicious . His cooking school in Italy , Cooking with Giuliano Hazan , has been profiled in many US publications . Hazan is an author , teacher , entrepreneur , and considered by some to be one of the foremost authorities on Italian cooking . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 1, 2 ]

[ "Scream_-LRB-1996_film-RRB-", "Scream_-LRB-franchise-RRB-", "Scream_2", "The_Scream_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Unstoppable_-LRB-The_Planet_Smashers_album-RRB-" ]

[ "Scream is a 1996 American slasher film written by Kevin Williamson and directed by Wes Craven . The film stars David Arquette , Neve Campbell , Courteney Cox , Matthew Lillard , Rose McGowan , Skeet Ulrich , and Drew Barrymore . Released on December 20 , 1996 , Scream follows the character of Sidney Prescott -LRB- Campbell -RRB- , a high school student in the fictional town of Woodsboro , California , who becomes the target of a mysterious killer known as Ghostface . The film combined black comedy and `` whodunit '' mystery with the violence of the slasher genre to satirize the clichés of the horror film genre popularized in films such as Halloween and Friday the 13th . The film was considered unique at the time of its release for featuring characters who were aware of real world horror films and openly discussed the clichés that Scream attempted to subvert . Based partly on the real life case of the Gainesville Ripper , Scream was inspired by Williamson 's passion for horror films , especially Halloween -LRB- 1978 -RRB- . The script , originally titled Scary Movie , was bought by Dimension Films and was retitled by the Weinstein Brothers just before filming was complete . The production faced censorship issues with the Motion Picture Association of America and obstacles from locals while filming on location . The film went on to financial and critical acclaim , earning $ 173 million worldwide , and became the highest-grossing slasher film in the US in unadjusted dollars . It received several awards and award nominations . The soundtrack by Marco Beltrami was also acclaimed , and was cited as '' -LSB- one -RSB- of the most intriguing horror scores composed in years . '' It has since earned `` cult status . '' Scream marked a change in the genre as it cast already-established and successful actors , which was considered to have helped it find a wider audience , including a significant female viewership . Scream was credited with revitalizing the horror genre in the 1990s , which was considered to be almost dead following an influx of direct-to-video titles and numerous sequels to established horror franchises of the 1970s and 1980s . These sequels drew decreasing financial and critical success , as they exploited clichés upon which films in the genre had become reliant . Screams success spawned a series of sequels , though only Scream 2 , released in 1997 , achieved a level of commercial and critical success equal to the original film . In the years following the release of Scream , the film was accused of inspiring and even inducing violent crimes and murders . ", "Scream is an American horror franchise created by Kevin Williamson and Wes Craven . Starring Neve Campbell , Courteney Cox , and David Arquette , the film series grossed over $ 604 million in worldwide box-office receipts and consists of four motion pictures directed by Craven . The first series entry , Scream , was released on December 20 , 1996 and is currently the highest-grossing slasher film in the United States . The second entry Scream 2 was released on December 12 , 1997 followed by a third installment , Scream 3 , released February 4 , 2000 . Eleven years after the previous film , Scream 4 was released on April 15 , 2011 . The films follow Sidney Prescott , and her war against a succession of murderers who adopt the guise of Ghostface to stalk and torment their victims . Sidney receives support in the films from town deputy Dewey Riley , reporter Gale Weathers , and film-geek Randy Meeks . A tv spin off of the series was released by MTV on June 30 , 2015 . The series follows different characters and new storylines , not connected to the film series . Williamson 's original script was bought by Miramax and developed under the Dimension Films label by Bob and Harvey Weinstein , who recruited Craven to direct , who in turn recruited composer Marco Beltrami to score the film . This team went on to be involved in each film in the series though Williamson was forced to take a smaller role for Scream 3 , writing only a brief plot outline due to his commitments to other projects , with Ehren Kruger replacing him as screenwriter . The series ' violence resulted in conflicts with the Motion Picture Association of America and news media concerning censorship resulting in a reduction of violence and gore in Scream 3 when the Columbine High School massacre brought increased focus on the media 's influence on society . Scream became notable for its use of established and recognizable actors which was uncommon for horror films at the time , yet has since become common in part due to Scream 's success . The series , particularly the first two films , has received significant critical acclaim . Scream has been credited with revitalizing the horror genre in the late 90s by combining a traditional slasher film with humor , awareness of horror film cliché and a clever plot . Scream was one of the highest-grossing films of 1996 and became , and remains , the highest grossing slasher film in the world . Its success was matched by Scream 2 which not only broke box-office records of the time , but was also argued by some critics to actually be superior to the original . Scream 3 fared worse than its predecessors , both critically and financially , with critics commenting that it had become the type of horror film it originally parodied in Scream . It did , however , receive some positive response , with claims that it was the perfect end to the trilogy . The film series has been the recipient of several awards including a Saturn Award for Best Actress and MTV Movie Award for Best Female Performance for Campbell and Best Horror Film for Scream . ", "Scream 2 is a 1997 American slasher film directed by Wes Craven and written by Kevin Williamson . It stars David Arquette , Neve Campbell , Courteney Cox , Sarah Michelle Gellar , Jamie Kennedy , Laurie Metcalf , Jerry O'Connell , Jada Pinkett and Liev Schreiber . The film was released on December 12 , 1997 by Dimension Films as the second installment in the Scream film series . Scream 2 takes place one year after Scream and again follows the character of Sidney Prescott -LRB- Campbell -RRB- , now a student at the fictional Windsor College , who becomes the target of a copycat killer using the guise of Ghostface . Sidney is accompanied by film-geek Randy Meeks -LRB- Kennedy -RRB- , retired deputy sheriff Dewey Riley -LRB- Arquette -RRB- and news reporter Gale Weathers -LRB- Cox -RRB- . Like its predecessor , Scream 2 combines the violence of the slasher genre with elements of comedy and `` whodunit '' mystery while satirizing the cliché of film sequels . The film was followed by two sequels , Scream 3 -LRB- 2000 -RRB- and Scream 4 -LRB- 2011 -RRB- . Williamson provided a five-page outline for a sequel to Scream when auctioning his original script , hoping to entice bidders with the potential of buying a franchise . Following a successful test screening of Scream and the film 's financial and critical success , Dimension moved forward with the sequel while Scream was still in theaters , with the principal cast all returning to star , Craven to direct and Beltrami to provide music . The film suffered controversy following its significant issues with plot information leaking onto the Internet , revealing the identity of the killers . Combined with the film 's rushed schedule , the script was rewritten often ; pages were sometimes completed on the day of filming . Despite these issues , Scream 2 earned $ 172 million , received several awards and nominations . The film also received positive reviews , with some critics arguing that the sequel surpassed the original in terms of quality . Beltrami received positive critical reception for his score for evolving the musical themes of the characters created in Scream although some critics claimed that the most memorable pieces from the film were created by composers Danny Elfman and Hans Zimmer . Elfman 's contribution had been specially written for the film , but Zimmer 's score for Broken Arrow was controversially used in the film , replacing Beltrami 's own work . The soundtrack received negative feedback from reviewers but achieved moderate sales success , reaching # 50 on the Billboard 200 . ", "The Scream -LRB- Fəryad -RRB- is a 1993 Azerbaijani war film directed by Jeyhun Mirzayev based loosely on the Nagorno-Karabakh War and Khojaly Massacre . The film stars Jeyhun Mirzayev himself , Haci Ismayilov , and Melik Dadashev . ", "Unstoppable is the sixth full-length release from The Planet Smashers . Because both Leon Kingstone -LRB- tenor saxophone -RRB- and J.O. Begin -LRB- trombone -RRB- left after Mighty was recorded , Unstoppable features an entirely new horn section : Neil `` Lonestar '' Johnson -LRB- tenor saxophone -RRB- and Andrew Lattoni -LRB- trombone -RRB- . It also features cameos from Big D & The Kids Table and Bedouin Soundclash . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 0 ]

[ "Boeing_767", "Boeing_787_Dreamliner", "Airbus_A380", "Continental_Connection", "Douglas_C-54_Skymaster" ]

[ "The Boeing 767 is a mid - to large-size , long-range , wide-body twin-engine jet airliner built by Boeing Commercial Airplanes . It was Boeing 's first wide-body twinjet and its first airliner with a two-crew glass cockpit . The aircraft has two turbofan engines , a conventional tail , and , for reduced aerodynamic drag , a supercritical wing design . Designed as a smaller wide-body airliner than earlier aircraft such as the 747 , the 767 has seating capacity for 181 to 375 people , and a design range of 3850 to , depending on variant . Development of the 767 occurred in tandem with a narrow-body twinjet , the 757 , resulting in shared design features which allow pilots to obtain a common type rating to operate both aircraft . The 767 is produced in three fuselage lengths . The original 767-200 entered service in 1982 , followed by the 767-300 in 1986 and the 767-400ER , an extended-range -LRB- ER -RRB- variant , in 2000 . The extended-range 767-200ER and 767-300ER models entered service in 1984 and 1988 , respectively , while a production freighter version , the 767-300F , debuted in 1995 . Conversion programs have modified passenger 767-200 and 767-300 series aircraft for cargo use , while military derivatives include the E-767 surveillance aircraft , the KC-767 and KC-46 aerial tankers , and VIP transports . Engines featured on the 767 include the General Electric CF6 , Pratt & Whitney JT9D and PW4000 , and Rolls-Royce RB211 turbofans . United Airlines first placed the 767 in commercial service in 1982 . The aircraft was initially flown on domestic and transcontinental routes , during which it demonstrated the reliability of its twinjet design . In 1985 , the 767 became the first twin-engined airliner to receive regulatory approval for extended overseas flights . The aircraft was then used to expand non-stop service on medium - to long-haul intercontinental routes . In 1986 , Boeing initiated studies for a higher-capacity 767 , ultimately leading to the development of the 777 , a larger wide-body twinjet . In the 1990s , the 767 became the most frequently used airliner for transatlantic flights between North America and Europe . The 767 is the first twinjet wide-body type to reach 1,000 aircraft delivered . As of April 2017 , Boeing has received 1,204 orders for the 767 from 74 customers ; 1,098 have been delivered . A total of 742 of these aircraft were in service in July 2016 ; the most popular variant is the 767-300ER , with 583 delivered ; Delta Air Lines is the largest operator , with 91 aircraft . Competitors have included the Airbus A300 , A310 , and A330-200 , while a successor , the 787 Dreamliner , entered service in October 2011 . Despite this , the 767 still remains in production . ", "The Boeing 787 Dreamliner is an American long-haul , mid-size widebody , twin-engine jet airliner made by Boeing Commercial Airplanes . Its variants seat 242 to 335 passengers in typical three-class seating configurations . It is a pioneering airliner with the use of composite materials as the primary material in the construction of its airframe . The 787 was designed to be 20 % more fuel efficient than the Boeing 767 , which it was intended to replace . The 787 Dreamliner 's distinguishing features include mostly electrical flight systems , raked wingtips , and noise-reducing chevrons on its engine nacelles . It shares a common type rating with the larger Boeing 777 to allow qualified pilots to operate both models . The aircraft 's initial designation was the 7E7 , prior to its renaming in January 2005 . The first 787 was unveiled in a roll-out ceremony on July 8 , 2007 at Boeing 's Everett factory . Development and production of the 787 has involved a large-scale collaboration with numerous suppliers worldwide . Final assembly takes place at the Boeing Everett Factory in Everett , Washington , and at the Boeing South Carolina factory in North Charleston , South Carolina . Originally planned to enter service in May 2008 , the project experienced multiple delays . The airliner 's maiden flight took place on December 15 , 2009 , and completed flight testing in mid-2011 . Boeing has reportedly spent $ 32 billion on the 787 program . Final US Federal Aviation Administration -LRB- FAA -RRB- and European Aviation Safety Agency -LRB- EASA -RRB- type certification was received in August 2011 and the first 787-8 was delivered in September 2011 . It entered commercial service on October 26 , 2011 with launch customer All Nippon Airways . The stretched 787-9 variant , which is 20 ft longer and can fly 450 nmi farther than the -8 , first flew in September 2013 . Deliveries of the 787-9 began in July 2014 ; it entered commercial service on August 7 , 2014 with All Nippon Airways , with 787-9 launch customer Air New Zealand following two days later . As of April 2017 , the 787 had orders for 1,213 aircraft from 64 customers , with All Nippon Airways having the largest number on order . The aircraft has suffered from several in-service problems , including fires on board related to its lithium-ion batteries . These systems were reviewed by both the FAA and the Japan Civil Aviation Bureau . The FAA issued a directive in January 2013 that grounded all 787s in the US and other civil aviation authorities followed suit . After Boeing completed tests on a revised battery design , the FAA approved the revised design and lifted the grounding in April 2013 ; the 787 returned to passenger service later that month . ", "The Airbus A380 is a double-deck , wide-body , four-engine jet airliner manufactured by European manufacturer Airbus . It is the world 's largest passenger airliner , and the airports at which it operates have upgraded facilities to accommodate it . It was initially named Airbus A3XX and designed to challenge Boeing 's monopoly in the large-aircraft market . The A380 made its first flight on 27 April 2005 and entered commercial service on 25 October 2007 with Singapore Airlines . The A380 's upper deck extends along the entire length of the fuselage , with a width equivalent to a wide-body aircraft . This gives the A380-800 's cabin 550 m2 of usable floor space , 40 % more than the next largest airliner , the Boeing 747-8 , and provides seating for 525 people in a typical three-class configuration or up to 853 people in an all-economy class configuration . The A380-800 has a design range of 15700 km , serving the second - and third-longest non-stop scheduled flights in the world -LRB- as of February 2017 -RRB- , and a cruising speed of Mach 0.85 -LRB- about 900 km/h , 560 mph or 490 kt at cruising altitude -RRB- . , Airbus had received 317 firm orders and delivered 210 aircraft ; Emirates is the biggest A380 customer with 142 ordered of which 94 have been delivered . ", "Continental Connection was a brand name under which several commuter airline carriers and their holding companies operated services marketed exclusively by Continental Airlines . As such , all Continental Connection banner carrier services were operated primarily with turboprop aircraft in contrast to Continental Express , whose flights were operated by Continental 's regional jet partners , ExpressJet Airlines and Chautauqua Airlines . According to the Official Airline Guide -LRB- OAG -RRB- , earlier Continental Express flights , such as those operated by Royale Airlines followed by Britt Airways from the Continental hub at Houston Intercontinental Airport -LRB- IAH -RRB- , were operated with such turboprop aircraft as the ATR-42 , Embraer EMB-110 Bandeirante , Embraer EMB-120 Brasilia and Grumman Gulfstream I during the 1980s . All flights operated by Continental Connection carriers were given full OnePass frequent flyer credit , as if they were mainline Continental flights . The `` Continental Connection '' name was discontinued and the operation was renamed United Express following the merger of Continental Airlines with United Airlines . ", "The Douglas C-54 Skymaster was a four-engined transport aircraft used by the United States Army Air Forces in World War II and the Korean War . Like the Douglas C-47 Skytrain , the C-54 Skymaster was derived from a civilian airliner , the Douglas DC-4 . Besides transport of cargo , the C-54 also carried presidents , prime ministers , and military staff . Dozens of variants of the C-54 were employed in a wide variety of non-combat roles such as air-sea rescue , scientific and military research , and missile tracking and recovery . During the Berlin Airlift it hauled coal and food supplies to West Berlin . After the Korean War it continued to be used for military and civilian uses by more than 30 countries . This was one of the first aircraft to carry the President of the United States . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "The_Chaperone_-LRB-film-RRB-", "The_Italian_Straw_Hat_-LRB-play-RRB-", "Hotel_Splendide_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Chappie_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Happy_New_Year_-LRB-2014_film-RRB-" ]

[ "The Chaperone is a 2011 American comedy film directed by Stephen Herek , and also produced by WWE Studios . It stars Triple H , Yeardley Smith , Ariel Winter , Kevin Corrigan , José Zúñiga , Kevin Rankin , Enrico Colantoni , and Israel Boussard . ", "The Italian Straw Hat -LRB- French : Un chapeau de paille d'Italie -RRB- is a five-act comedy by Eugene Labiche and Marc-Michel . It premiered at the Théâtre du Palais-Royal in Paris on 14 August 1851 . It was cited by the philosopher Henri Bergson in Le Rire as an example of the `` snowball '' effect . ", "Hotel Splendide is a 2000 British independent dark comedy film , written and directed by Terence Gross and starring Toni Collette and Daniel Craig . The film appeared in a number of British and European film festivals but was not released in the US , although it did appear on cable networks on channels catering to independent film . It is currently available in the UK on DVD and the US on DVR on demand . The film tells the story of the Blanche family who run a dark and dismal health resort on a remote island which is only accessible by ferry . The spa program consists of feeding the guests seaweed and eel-based meals , then administering liberal colonic irrigation . The spa is run by the family matriarch , Dame Blanche , until her death . Things continue with her children running the resort until Kath , the resort 's former sous chef and the love interest of one of the sons , comes back to the island unannounced . Stranded between monthly ferries , she is a catalyst for a series of events that turns life as it is known at Hotel Splendide on its ear . ", "Chappie -LRB- stylized as CHAPPiE -RRB- is a 2015 science fiction film directed by South African director Neill Blomkamp and written by Blomkamp and Terri Tatchell . It stars Sharlto Copley , Dev Patel , Jose Pablo Cantillo , Sigourney Weaver , Hugh Jackman , and Watkin Tudor Jones -LRB- Ninja -RRB- and Yolandi Visser of the South African zef rap-rave group Die Antwoord as metafictional versions of themselves . The film , set and shot in Johannesburg , is about an artificially intelligent law enforcement robot captured and taught by gangsters , who nickname it Chappie . Chappie premiered in New York City on March 4 , 2015 , and was released in U.S. cinemas on March 6 , 2015 . The film grossed $ 102 million worldwide against a $ 49 million budget . ", "Happy New Year , sometimes abbreviated as HNY is a 2014 Indian musical heist comedy directed by Farah Khan and produced by Gauri Khan under the banner of Red Chillies Entertainment . The film has an ensemble cast , which includes Shah Rukh Khan , Deepika Padukone , Abhishek Bachchan , Sonu Sood , Boman Irani , Vivaan Shah and Jackie Shroff . The film was distributed worldwide by Yash Raj Films . The film marked a third collaboration of Khan with the director ; they previously worked on Main Hoon Na -LRB- 2004 -RRB- and Om Shanti Om -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , the latter of which also featured Padukone as the female lead . The film was released on Diwali , 24 October 2014 in three different languages : Hindi , Tamil and Telugu in around 5000 screens in India , the biggest release for a Hindi film in India . The film received negative reviews from critics , but was a commercial success and ranks among the highest-grossing Bollywood films of all time . The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences features the film 's script in their library . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Daredevil_-LRB-Marvel_Comics_character-RRB-", "Daredevil_-LRB-TV_series-RRB-", "The_Punisher_-LRB-TV_series-RRB-", "Doug_Petrie", "Vandyke_Productions" ]

[ "Daredevil is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . Daredevil was created by writer-editor Stan Lee and artist Bill Everett , with an unspecified amount of input from Jack Kirby . The character first appeared in Daredevil # 1 -LRB- April 1964 -RRB- . Daredevil 's origin story relates that while living in the historically gritty or crime-ridden , working class Irish-American neighborhood of Hell 's Kitchen in New York City , Matt Murdock is blinded by a radioactive substance that falls from a truck after he pushes a man to safety from the oncoming vehicle . While he no longer can see , the radioactive exposure heightens his remaining senses beyond normal human ability and gives him a `` radar sense '' . His father , a boxer named Jack Murdock , supports him as he grows up , though Jack is later killed by gangsters after refusing to throw a fight . After donning a yellow and dark red costume -LRB- later all dark red -RRB- , Matt seeks out revenge against his father 's killers as the superhero Daredevil , fighting against his many enemies , including Bullseye and Kingpin . He also becomes a lawyer after having graduated from law school with his best friend and roommate , Franklin `` Foggy '' Nelson . Daredevil is also commonly known by such epithets as the Man Without Fear and the Devil of Hell 's Kitchen . Frank Miller 's influential tenure on the title in the early 1980s cemented the character as a popular and influential part of the Marvel Universe . Daredevil has since appeared in various forms of media including several animated series , video games and merchandise , the character was first portrayed in live action by Rex Smith in the 1989 television movie The Trial of the Incredible Hulk . He was played by Ben Affleck in the 2003 film Daredevil , and by Charlie Cox in Marvel Studios 's Daredevil , a live-action television series on Netflix that premiered on April 10 , 2015 , and is set to reprise his role in The Defenders , as part of the Marvel Cinematic Universe . ", "Marvel 's Daredevil , or simply Daredevil , is an American web television series created for Netflix by Drew Goddard , based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name . It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe -LRB- MCU -RRB- , sharing continuity with the films of the franchise , and is the first in a series of shows that will lead up to The Defenders crossover miniseries . The series is produced by Marvel Television in association with ABC Studios and Goddard Textiles , with DeKnight Productions for the first season . Steven S. DeKnight serves as showrunner on the first season , with Doug Petrie and Marco Ramirez taking over for the second ; Goddard serves as a consultant on both seasons . Charlie Cox stars as Matt Murdock / Daredevil , a blind lawyer-by-day who fights crime at night . Daredevil entered development in late 2013 , a year after the film rights to the character reverted to Marvel , with Goddard initially hired in December 2013 . DeKnight replaced him as showrunner and Cox was hired to star in May 2014 , with Deborah Ann Woll , Elden Henson , Rosario Dawson , and Vincent D'Onofrio also starring . Additional season one stars include Toby Leonard Moore , Vondie Curtis-Hall , Bob Gunton , and Ayelet Zurer , while Jon Bernthal , Élodie Yung , and Stephen Rider join the cast for season two . Filming takes place in New York City , in areas that still look like the old Hell 's Kitchen . All episodes of the first season were released on Netflix on April 10 , 2015 , while the second season was released in its entirety on March 18 , 2016 . In July 2016 , the series was renewed for a third season . A spin-off series , centered on Bernthal 's character Frank Castle / Punisher and titled Marvel 's The Punisher , was ordered by Netflix in April 2016 . ", "Marvel 's The Punisher , or simply The Punisher , is an upcoming American web television series created for Netflix by Steve Lightfoot , based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name . It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe -LRB- MCU -RRB- , sharing continuity with the films and other television series of the franchise , and is a spin-off of Marvel 's Daredevil . The series is produced by Marvel Television in association with ABC Studios , with Lightfoot serving as showrunner . The series revolves around Frank Castle , who uses lethal methods to fight crime as the vigilante `` the Punisher '' , with Jon Bernthal reprising the role from Daredevil . Ben Barnes , Ebon Moss-Bachrach , Amber Rose Revah , Deborah Ann Woll , Daniel Webber , Jason R. Moore , Paul Schulze , Jaime Ray Newman , and Michael Nathanson also star . A television series centered on the Punisher received a put-pilot commitment at Fox in 2011 , but that project fell through . In June 2015 , Bernthal was cast as the character to appear in the second season of Daredevil . Development on a spin-off titled The Punisher began by January 2016 , before the second season of Daredevil was released . In April 2016 , Marvel and Netflix ordered the series , confirmed Bernthal 's involvement , and announced Lightfoot as executive producer and showrunner . Filming began in New York City in October 2016 , and concluded in April 2017 . The Punisher is scheduled to be released in 2017 . ", "Douglas `` Doug '' Petrie is an American screenwriter , director , and producer . Best known as a writer , director , and co-executive producer on Buffy the Vampire Slayer . He co-wrote the screenplays for the Fantastic Four film and Harriet the Spy . He has also written for the television shows Angel , The 4400 , Tru Calling and American Horror Story : Coven . He served as a co-executive producer and writer for two seasons on CSI : Crime Scene Investigation and as a consulting producer and writer on the second season of Pushing Daisies . He made a cameo on Joss Whedon 's web-based film , Dr. Horrible 's Sing-Along Blog , as `` Professor Normal '' . He served as co-executive producer on the first season of the Netflix show Daredevil , and took over as showrunner for its second season alongside Marco Ramirez . In April 2016 Petrie and Ramirez were announced as showrunners of The Defenders , a miniseries that crosses over Daredevil , Jessica Jones , Luke Cage , and Iron Fist . ", "Vandyke Productions was a British film production company which operated between 1947 and 1956 . It specialised in making B films which would be released on the bottom-half of a double bill . Founded by the brothers Nigel and Roger Proudlock in 1947 after their demobilisation , the company used several studios during its existence including Walton and Kensington . Often operating on very low-budgets , during its first few years the company produced a mix of thrillers and comedies . Some of its films of the 1950s were slightly more expensive including Black 13 , which was released in the United States by 20th Century Fox . John Guillermin , who went on to be a Hollywood director , made several films for Vandyke early in his career . The company went out of business in 1956 due to a slump in B Film production , but Roger Proudlock returned to make a few more films until 1960 . " ]

[ 0, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Nottingham_Forest_F.C.", "Colin_Calderwood", "Scunthorpe_United_F.C.", "Clint_Hill_-LRB-footballer-RRB-", "Tony_Parks" ]

[ "Nottingham Forest Football Club is a professional association football club based in Nottingham , England . The team play in the Championship , the second tier of English football , having been there since promotion from League One in 2008 . The club , often referred to as Forest , have played home matches at the City Ground since 1898 . Founded in 1865 , Forest were founder members of the Football Alliance in 1889 and joined the Football League in 1892 . Since then , they have mostly competed in the top two League tiers , bar five seasons in the third tier . Forest won the FA Cup in 1898 and 1959 . Their most successful period was under the management of Brian Clough between 1975 and 1993 , winning the League in 1978 and back to back European Cups in the two years after , a feat which has never been equalled , plus four League Cups and two Full Members Cups . ", "Colin Calderwood -LRB- born 20 January 1965 in Stranraer -RRB- is a Scottish football player and coach , who is presently the assistant manager of Aston Villa . Calderwood made over 150 league appearances for Swindon Town and Tottenham Hotspur . He was a regular player for the Scotland national football team during the late 1990s , appearing in two major tournaments . Calderwood retired as a player in 2001 . Calderwood became manager of Northampton Town in 2003 , guiding the club to promotion in 2006 . He then became manager of Nottingham Forest , helping the club win promotion in 2008 . Calderwood was sacked by Forest in December 2008 and then moved to Newcastle United , working as first team coach . After a year with the Tyneside club , Calderwood became a manager again by moving to Hibernian , but he was sacked after just over a year in that job . In recent years , Calderwood has been known for his association with Chris Hughton , acting as his assistant manager at Newcastle United , Birmingham City , Norwich City and Brighton & Hove Albion . ", "Scunthorpe United Football Club is a professional association football club based in the town of Scunthorpe , North Lincolnshire , England . The team play in League One , the third tier of the English football league system . The team is nicknamed The Iron , and has played in a home strip of claret and blue for most of its history . It plays its home games at Glanford Park , having moved from the Old Show Ground in 1988 . Grimsby Town , Hull City , Doncaster Rovers , Lincoln City and York City are its main rivals , although of these clubs only Doncaster Rovers currently play in the same division as Scunthorpe . The club was formed in 1899 , turned professional in 1912 and joined the Football League in 1950 . It achieved promotion to Division Two in 1958 , where it stayed until 1964 , but has spent most of its time as a Football League club in the basement tier . The club has had more success recently , however : it was promoted from Football League Two in 2005 , and then spent three out of four seasons from 2007 in the Football League Championship . The Iron were relegated to Football League One in 2011 , having finished bottom of the Championship . The club then suffered a further blow , being relegated to Football League Two in 2013 , however it was fortunate enough to immediately bounce back , winning promotion back to the third tier at the end of the 2013 -- 14 season . In recent years , the club has developed a reputation for developing promising young strikers , having sold Billy Sharp , Martin Paterson and Gary Hooper on for seven-figure sums . The club was also considered one of the most financially prudent in English football , being one of only three in the top four divisions to be debt-free . This status has recently changed after it was announced that a # 2 million loan from the outgoing chairman Steve Wharton was on the accounts to help the club maintain some sense of financial stability . Scunthorpe United was also the first club in England to build a cantilever stand after their old East stand burnt down in 1959 , four years before Sheffield Wednesday constructed its cantilever stand at Hillsborough . ", "Clinton Scott `` Clint '' Hill -LRB- born 19 October 1978 -RRB- is an English footballer who plays as a defender for Rangers . Hill began his career with local side Tranmere Rovers in 1997 . He broke into the first team and became a regular as Rovers reached the League Cup final in 2000 . Hill was sent-off however as Tranmere lost 2 -- 1 . He remained at Prenton Park until 2002 when he joined Oldham Athletic and after impressing there he was signed by Championship side Stoke City . His first season with Stoke was cut down due to injuries which hampered his time at the club . He left for Crystal Palace after making 84 appearances for Stoke in five years . At Palace he played well despite the club struggling financially and when manager Neil Warnock joined Queens Park Rangers Hill followed him in July 2010 . In his first season at Loftus Road QPR won the Championship and gained promotion to the Premier League . They went on to ensure survival on the final day of the season , Hill winning the supporters player of the year award for his performances this despite playing 25 matches and also spending a short time on loan at Nottingham Forest . ", "Anthony Parks -LRB- born 26 January 1963 -RRB- is an English football coach and former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper in the Football League for Tottenham Hotspur , Oxford United , Gillingham , Brentford , Fulham , West Ham United , Stoke City , Doncaster Rovers , Scarborough and Halifax Town , and in Scotland for Falkirk . Parks was appointed goalkeeping coach for Norwich City on 14 July 2014 . In 2015 , he became goalkeeping coach of Aston Villa . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Nottingham_Forest_F.C.", "Colin_Calderwood", "Scunthorpe_United_F.C.", "Clint_Hill_-LRB-footballer-RRB-", "Tony_Parks" ]

[ "Nottingham Forest Football Club is a professional association football club based in Nottingham , England . The team play in the Championship , the second tier of English football , having been there since promotion from League One in 2008 . The club , often referred to as Forest , have played home matches at the City Ground since 1898 . Founded in 1865 , Forest were founder members of the Football Alliance in 1889 and joined the Football League in 1892 . Since then , they have mostly competed in the top two League tiers , bar five seasons in the third tier . Forest won the FA Cup in 1898 and 1959 . Their most successful period was under the management of Brian Clough between 1975 and 1993 , winning the League in 1978 and back to back European Cups in the two years after , a feat which has never been equalled , plus four League Cups and two Full Members Cups . ", "Colin Calderwood -LRB- born 20 January 1965 in Stranraer -RRB- is a Scottish football player and coach , who is presently the assistant manager of Aston Villa . Calderwood made over 150 league appearances for Swindon Town and Tottenham Hotspur . He was a regular player for the Scotland national football team during the late 1990s , appearing in two major tournaments . Calderwood retired as a player in 2001 . Calderwood became manager of Northampton Town in 2003 , guiding the club to promotion in 2006 . He then became manager of Nottingham Forest , helping the club win promotion in 2008 . Calderwood was sacked by Forest in December 2008 and then moved to Newcastle United , working as first team coach . After a year with the Tyneside club , Calderwood became a manager again by moving to Hibernian , but he was sacked after just over a year in that job . In recent years , Calderwood has been known for his association with Chris Hughton , acting as his assistant manager at Newcastle United , Birmingham City , Norwich City and Brighton & Hove Albion . ", "Scunthorpe United Football Club is a professional association football club based in the town of Scunthorpe , North Lincolnshire , England . The team play in League One , the third tier of the English football league system . The team is nicknamed The Iron , and has played in a home strip of claret and blue for most of its history . It plays its home games at Glanford Park , having moved from the Old Show Ground in 1988 . Grimsby Town , Hull City , Doncaster Rovers , Lincoln City and York City are its main rivals , although of these clubs only Doncaster Rovers currently play in the same division as Scunthorpe . The club was formed in 1899 , turned professional in 1912 and joined the Football League in 1950 . It achieved promotion to Division Two in 1958 , where it stayed until 1964 , but has spent most of its time as a Football League club in the basement tier . The club has had more success recently , however : it was promoted from Football League Two in 2005 , and then spent three out of four seasons from 2007 in the Football League Championship . The Iron were relegated to Football League One in 2011 , having finished bottom of the Championship . The club then suffered a further blow , being relegated to Football League Two in 2013 , however it was fortunate enough to immediately bounce back , winning promotion back to the third tier at the end of the 2013 -- 14 season . In recent years , the club has developed a reputation for developing promising young strikers , having sold Billy Sharp , Martin Paterson and Gary Hooper on for seven-figure sums . The club was also considered one of the most financially prudent in English football , being one of only three in the top four divisions to be debt-free . This status has recently changed after it was announced that a # 2 million loan from the outgoing chairman Steve Wharton was on the accounts to help the club maintain some sense of financial stability . Scunthorpe United was also the first club in England to build a cantilever stand after their old East stand burnt down in 1959 , four years before Sheffield Wednesday constructed its cantilever stand at Hillsborough . ", "Clinton Scott `` Clint '' Hill -LRB- born 19 October 1978 -RRB- is an English footballer who plays as a defender for Rangers . Hill began his career with local side Tranmere Rovers in 1997 . He broke into the first team and became a regular as Rovers reached the League Cup final in 2000 . Hill was sent-off however as Tranmere lost 2 -- 1 . He remained at Prenton Park until 2002 when he joined Oldham Athletic and after impressing there he was signed by Championship side Stoke City . His first season with Stoke was cut down due to injuries which hampered his time at the club . He left for Crystal Palace after making 84 appearances for Stoke in five years . At Palace he played well despite the club struggling financially and when manager Neil Warnock joined Queens Park Rangers Hill followed him in July 2010 . In his first season at Loftus Road QPR won the Championship and gained promotion to the Premier League . They went on to ensure survival on the final day of the season , Hill winning the supporters player of the year award for his performances this despite playing 25 matches and also spending a short time on loan at Nottingham Forest . ", "Anthony Parks -LRB- born 26 January 1963 -RRB- is an English football coach and former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper in the Football League for Tottenham Hotspur , Oxford United , Gillingham , Brentford , Fulham , West Ham United , Stoke City , Doncaster Rovers , Scarborough and Halifax Town , and in Scotland for Falkirk . Parks was appointed goalkeeping coach for Norwich City on 14 July 2014 . In 2015 , he became goalkeeping coach of Aston Villa . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Vera_Wang", "Adelina_von_Fürstenberg", "Vera_Biryukova", "Mkrtich_Mazmanian", "Gessica_Brooke" ]

[ "Vera Ellen Wang -LRB- , -LSB- u̯ɑ̌ŋ u̯éɪ̯u̯éɪ̯ -RSB- ; born June 27 , 1949 -RRB- is an American fashion designer based in New York City . ", "Adelina von Fürstenberg-Herdringen -LRB- née Cüberyan -RRB- is an international curator and one of the field 's pioneers in broadening contemporary art . A Swiss citizen of Armenian origin -- granddaughter of the Armenian architect Dikran Kalfa Cüberyan -- she was born in Istanbul . She married when she was still at university , to the photographer Graf Franz Egon von Fürstenberg-Herdringen -LRB- b. 1939 -RRB- , son of Gloria Guinness -LRB- 1912-1980 -RRB- and Count Franz-Egon von Fürstenberg-Herdringen -LRB- 1896-1975 -RRB- . Von Fürstenberg was one of the first curators to show an interest in non-European artists , thus opening the way for a multicultural approach in art . She also took a more global and flexible approach to contemporary art exhibitions , in bringing art into spaces such as monasteries , medersas , large public buildings , squares , islands , and parks . Her objective is to give a larger context for visual art in making it a more vigorous part of our lives , in creating a more vivid dialogue for it with other arts , and relating it more to worldwide social issues . ", "Vera Leonidovna Biryukova -LRB- Вера Леонидовна Бирюкова born 11 April 1998 in Omsk , Omsk Oblast , Russia -RRB- is a Russian group rhythmic gymnast . She was member of the 2016 Olympics Group all-around champion . ", "Mkrtich Mazmanian -LRB- Մկրտիչ Մկրտչի Մազմանյան born July 27 , 1944 in Gyumri -RRB- is a well known Armenian figurative sculptor based in Beyrut , Lebanon . ", "Gessica Brooke is a New York-based modern luxury womenswear and accessories label , founded in 2009 by designer Gessica Brooke . In 2011 , Gessica Brooke 's S/S 2011 Collection was featured in fashion magazine FOAM . At the 81st Academy Awards , celebrity reporter Jessica Holmes wore a couture Gessica Brooke gown on the red carpet . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "The_Incredibles_2", "The_Incredible_Shrinking_Fireman", "Toy_Story_2", "Fantastic_Treasures_II", "Panda_and_the_Magic_Serpent" ]

[ "The Incredibles 2 is an upcoming 2018 American 3D computer-animated superhero film , and is the sequel to The Incredibles -LRB- 2004 -RRB- . It is in production by Pixar Animation Studios , and will be released by Walt Disney Pictures . It is being written and directed by Brad Bird , the writer and director of the first film . The movie is scheduled to be released on June 15 , 2018 and will be given an IMAX release . ", "The Incredible Shrinking Fireman is a computer game released by Mastertronic in 1986 . The game was written by Andy Mitchell and David Kidd . ", "Toy Story 2 is a 1999 American computer-animated comedy adventure film produced by Pixar Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures . Directed by John Lasseter and co-directed by Lee Unkrich and Ash Brannon , it is the sequel to the 1995 film Toy Story . In the film , Woody is stolen by a toy collector , prompting Buzz Lightyear and his friends to vow to rescue him , but Woody is then tempted by the idea of immortality in a museum . Many of the original characters and voices from Toy Story return for this sequel , and several new characters -- including Jessie -LRB- voiced by Joan Cusack -RRB- , Barbie -LRB- voiced by Jodi Benson -RRB- , Stinky Pete -LRB- voiced by Kelsey Grammer -RRB- and Mrs. Potato Head -LRB- voiced by Estelle Harris -RRB- -- are introduced . It was the last Toy Story film that starred Jim Varney as Slinky Dog before his death in 2000 . Disney initially envisioned the film as a direct-to-video sequel . Toy Story 2 began production in a building separated from Pixar , on a small scale , as most of the main Pixar staff were busy working on A Bug 's Life -LRB- 1998 -RRB- . When story reels proved promising , Disney upgraded the film to theatrical release , but Pixar was unhappy with the film 's quality . Lasseter and the story team redeveloped the entire plot in one weekend . Although most Pixar features take years to develop , the established release date could not be moved and the production schedule for Toy Story 2 was compressed into nine months . Despite production struggles , Toy Story 2 opened in November 1999 to wildly successful box office numbers , eventually grossing over $ 497 million , and received universal acclaim from critics . Toy Story 2 has been considered by critics to be one of few sequel films to outshine the original , and it continues to be featured frequently on lists of the greatest animated films ever made . The film has seen multiple home media releases and a theatrical 3-D re-release in 2009 , 10 years after its initial release . Toy Story 3 was released in 2010 , which was also critically and commercially successful . ", "Fantastic Treasures II is a supplement for fantasy role-playing games published by Mayfair Games in 1985 . ", ", also known as The Tale of the White Serpent , is the first color anime feature film , released in 1958 . It was one of the first three anime films to be released in America , under the title Panda and the Magic Serpent , premiering in 1961 , the month after Magic Boy . It is also known variously as Legend of the White Snake , The Great White Snake and The White Snake Enchantress . " ]

[ 2, 0, 2, 0, 0 ]

[ "Barbara_Bush", "George_W._Bush", "Robin_Bush", "George_H._W._Bush", "Early_life_of_George_W._Bush" ]

[ "Barbara Bush -LRB- née Pierce ; born June 8 , 1925 -RRB- is the wife of George H. W. Bush , the 41st President of the United States , and served as First Lady of the United States from 1989 to 1993 . She is the mother of George W. Bush , the 43rd President , and Jeb Bush , the 43rd Governor of Florida . She served as the Second Lady of the United States from 1981 to 1989 . Barbara Pierce was born in Flushing , New York . She attended Milton Public School from 1931 to 1937 , and Rye Country Day School from 1937-1940 . She graduated from Ashley Hall School in Charleston , South Carolina . She met George Herbert Walker Bush at age 16 , and the two married in Rye , New York in 1945 , while he was on leave during his deployment as a Naval officer in World War II . While George was attending Yale University at age 22 , Barbara and George were living in New Haven , Connecticut and had their first son , George Walker Bush , on July 6 , 1946 . -LRB- Thus , her first son , the eventual 43rd President of the United States , was the first Connecticut native to assume that office . George W. would eventually return to his hometown of New Haven in 1964 to attend Yale like his father did . -RRB- They had six children together . The Bush family soon moved to Midland , Texas , where their second son , Jeb was born in , on February 11 , 1953 ; as George Bush entered political life , she raised their children . While First Lady of the United States , Barbara Bush worked to advance the cause of universal literacy , and founded the Barbara Bush Foundation for Family Literacy . ", "George Walker Bush -LRB- born July 6 , 1946 -RRB- is an American politician who served as the 43rd President of the United States from 2001 to 2009 . He was also the 46th Governor of Texas from 1995 to 2000 . After graduating from Yale University in 1968 and Harvard Business School in 1975 , he worked in the oil industry . Bush married Laura Welch in 1977 and ran unsuccessfully for the House of Representatives shortly thereafter . He later co-owned the Texas Rangers baseball team before defeating Ann Richards in the 1994 Texas gubernatorial election . Bush was elected president in 2000 after a close and controversial win over Democratic rival Al Gore , becoming the fourth president to be elected while receiving fewer popular votes than his opponent . From a prominent political family , he is the eldest son of Barbara and George H. W. Bush , the 41st President of the United States , making him only the second president to assume the nation 's highest office after his father , following the lead of John Quincy Adams . His brother , Jeb Bush , a former Governor of Florida , was a candidate for the Republican presidential nomination in the 2016 presidential election . His paternal grandfather , Prescott Bush , was a United States Senator from Connecticut . The September 11 terrorist attacks occurred eight months into Bush 's first term as president . Bush responded with what became known as the Bush Doctrine : launching a `` War on Terror '' , an international military campaign that included the war in Afghanistan in 2001 and the Iraq War in 2003 . He also promoted policies on the economy , health care , education , Social Security reform , and amending the Constitution to prohibit same-sex marriage . He signed into law broad tax cuts , the Patriot Act , the No Child Left Behind Act , the Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act , Medicare prescription drug benefits for seniors , and funding for the AIDS relief program known as PEPFAR . His tenure included national debates on immigration , Social Security , electronic surveillance , and torture . In the 2004 Presidential race , Bush defeated Democratic Senator John Kerry in another relatively close election . After his re-election , Bush received increasingly heated criticism from across the political spectrum for his handling of the Iraq War , Hurricane Katrina , and other challenges . Amid this criticism , the Democratic Party regained control of Congress in the 2006 elections . In December 2007 , the United States entered its longest post-World War II recession , often referred to as the `` Great Recession '' , prompting the Bush administration to obtain congressional passage of multiple economic programs intended to preserve the country 's financial system . Nationally , Bush was both one of the most popular and unpopular presidents in history , having received the highest recorded presidential approval ratings in the wake of the September 11 attacks , as well as one of the lowest approval ratings during the 2008 financial crisis . Bush left office in 2009 , returning to Texas where he purchased a home in Crawford . He wrote a memoir , Decision Points . His presidential library was opened in 2013 . His presidency has been ranked among the worst in historians ' polls published in the late 2000s and 2010s . ", "Robin Bush may refer to : Pauline Robinson `` Robin '' Bush -LRB- 1949 -- 1953 -RRB- , the second child of President George H. W. Bush who died of pediatric leukemia Robin Bush -LRB- historian -RRB- -LRB- 1943 -- 2010 -RRB- , former resident historian on Channel 4 's Time Team ", "George Herbert Walker Bush -LRB- born June 12 , 1924 -RRB- is an American politician who was the 41st President of the United States from 1989 to 1993 and the 43rd Vice President of the United States from 1981 to 1989 . A member of the Republican Party , he was previously a congressman , ambassador , and Director of Central Intelligence . He is the oldest living former President and Vice President . Since 2000 , Bush has often been referred to as `` George H. W. Bush '' , `` Bush 41 '' , `` Bush the Elder '' , or `` George Bush Senior '' to distinguish him from his eldest son , George W. Bush , who became the 43rd President of the United States after the 2000 election . Bush was born in Milton , Massachusetts , to Prescott Bush and Dorothy Walker Bush . Following the attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941 , Bush postponed his university studies , enlisted in the U.S. Navy on his 18th birthday , and became the youngest aviator in the U.S. Navy at the time . He served until the end of the war , then attended Yale University . Graduating in 1948 , he moved his family to West Texas and entered the oil business , becoming a millionaire by the age of 40 . Bush became involved in politics soon after founding his own oil company , and he won election to the House of Representatives in 1966 . In 1971 , President Richard Nixon appointed Bush as Ambassador to the United Nations , and in 1973 , Bush became the Chairman of the Republican National Committee . The following year , President Gerald Ford appointed Bush as the ambassador to the People 's Republic of China , and later reassigned Bush to the position of Director of Central Intelligence . Bush ran for president in 1980 but was defeated in the Republican primary by Ronald Reagan . Reagan chose Bush as his running mate , and Bush became vice president after the Reagan -- Bush ticket won the 1980 election . During his eight-year tenure as vice president , Bush headed administration task forces on deregulation and fighting the `` War on Drugs '' . In 1988 , Bush ran a successful campaign to succeed Reagan as President , defeating Democratic opponent Michael Dukakis . Foreign policy drove the Bush presidency : military operations were conducted in Panama and the Persian Gulf ; the Berlin Wall fell in 1989 , and the Soviet Union dissolved two years later . Though the agreement was not ratified until after he left office , Bush also signed the North American Free Trade Agreement , which created a trade bloc consisting of the United States , Canada , and Mexico . Domestically , Bush reneged on a 1988 campaign promise and , after a struggle with Congress , signed an increase in taxes that Congress had passed . In the wake of a weak recovery from an economic recession , along with continuing budget deficits and the diminution of foreign politics as a major issue in a post-Cold War political climate , he lost the 1992 presidential election to Democrat Bill Clinton . Bush left office in 1993 . His presidential library was dedicated in 1997 , and he has been active -- often alongside Bill Clinton -- in various humanitarian activities . With George W. Bush 's victory in the 2000 presidential election , Bush and his son became the second father-son combination to serve as president , following John Adams and John Quincy Adams . Another member of the Bush family , Bush 's second son Jeb Bush , served as the 43rd Governor of Florida -LRB- 1999 -- 2007 -RRB- and sought the Republican presidential nomination in 2016 . ", "George W. Bush , the oldest child in a family of six children was born in the city of New Haven , Connecticut , grew up in the Texan cities of Midland and Houston . He studied at Yale University and the Harvard Business School before serving in the Texas Air National Guard . Bush would later be part owner and managing partner of the Texas Rangers baseball franchise , become governor of Texas and eventually become the 43rd President of the United States . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Nereu_Ramos", "Alberto_Contador", "List_of_Vice_Presidents_of_Argentina", "José_Bernardo_Escobar", "Alberto_Fermín_Zubiría" ]

[ "Nereu de Oliveira Ramos -LRB- -LSB- neˈrew dʒi oliˈvejrɐ ˈʁɐ̃mus -RSB- ; 3 September 1888 -- 16 June 1958 -RRB- was a Brazilian political figure . He briefly served as President of Brazil in the aftermath of the political crisis which culminated in the suicide of President Getúlio Vargas . Ramos was Vice President of the Republic between 1946 and 1951 . The 1945 Presidential elections were held for the office of President only , but the Constitution adopted on 18 September 1946 created the office of Vice President , and established that the Constituent Assembly would choose the first Vice President and swear him in , in the day following the promulgation of the Constitution . Nereu Ramos , until then a Senator for Santa Catarina and a member of the Constituent Assembly , was elected Vice President in that special election . In his capacity as Vice President of the Republic , Ramos served as President of the Senate . Ramos was re -- elected in 1954 to the Federal Senate as a representative from Santa Catarina . He became the Senate 's President pro tempore in the following year . By this stage President Getúlio Vargas had taken his own life . There followed a series of brief presidential reigns : Vargas 's Vice President and successor , Café Filho , took a leave of absence , declaring himself unable to discharge the powers of the presidency due to poor health . By the time President Café Filho took his leave of absence , presidential elections for the next five -- year term had been held , and Juscelino Kubitschek had been elected . Many people suspected that there would be a coup d'état to prevent the inauguration of the President -- elect . Army Minister Henrique Teixeira Lott subscribed to that view , and he considered that President Café Filho had taken his leave of absence because he was in agreement with the supposed coup forces but unwilling to lead the coup himself . His leave of absence allowed the Speaker of the Chamber of Deputies , Carlos Luz , to assume the presidency as Acting President , and Luz was seen as hostile to the inauguration of the President -- elect and likely to lead a coup to prevent it . Thus , only 48 hours after Café Filho 's declaration of incapacity and the assumption of the powers of the presidency by Carlos Luz , Army Minister Lott led what he called a preventive counter-coup aimed at securing the inauguration of the President -- elect chosen by the people , by avoiding the supposed coup that Luz would allegedly lead . In that preventive counter-coup , Luz was deposed , Café Filho was prohibited from resuming the powers and duties of the presidency -LRB- although he was not deposed , he was kept under house arrest for the remaining three months of his presidential term , and was barred from declaring his incapacity terminated -RRB- , and the next man in the line of presidential succession , Senator Nereu Ramos , the Senate 's President pro tempore assumed the powers of the presidency in the place of Carlos Luz . Ramos assumed the presidency on 11 November 1955 , to complete Vargas 's term . He served until January 31 , 1956 , whereupon President -- elect Kubitschek was inaugurated . Ramos was the last President to have been born in the Empire of Brazil . Nereu Ramos died in a Cruzeiro airline crash on 16 May 1958 , near Curitiba Afonso Pena International Airport . ", "Alberto Contador Velasco -LRB- -LSB- alˈβerto kontaˈðor βeˈlasko -RSB- ; born 6 December 1982 -RRB- is a Spanish professional cyclist , one of six riders to have won all three Grand Tours of road cycling . He was the winner of the 2007 Tour de France with the team . With the Astana team he has won the 2008 Giro d'Italia , the 2008 Vuelta a España and the 2009 Tour de France . He initially also won the 2010 Tour de France with this team , and the 2011 Giro d'Italia with team Saxo Bank-SunGard , only to be stripped of these titles later having been found guilty of a doping offence . Following his return from a suspension , he won the 2012 Vuelta a España , the 2014 Vuelta a España and the 2015 Giro d'Italia . Notable summit stage finishes on which he has victories include the Alto de El Angliru in the Vuelta , the Plateau de Beille in the Tour and Mount Etna in the Giro . After being widely expected to lose his tenuous lead in the 2007 Tour de France in that race 's final individual time trial , Contador has become a more accomplished time trialist , with several victories in the discipline . He has earned a reputation as an all-rounder , a cyclist who excels in all aspects of stage racing which are needed for high places in the general classification . Contador 's career has been marked by doping allegations . The Operación Puerto doping case led his team -LRB- a team restructured to the current Astana team -RRB- to withdraw en masse from the 2006 Tour de France before it began . He was eventually cleared of any wrongdoing . In September 2010 , Contador announced that he had tested positive for clenbuterol in a control taken during that year 's Tour de France , in which he finished as winner , but although he was suspended during an investigation , he was cleared by the RFEC . A review by the Court of Arbitration for Sport initially set for June 2011 was later deferred several times until February 2012 , when the CAS decided that Contador be stripped of the results obtained in the 2010 Tour de France and later , which also caused him to lose his 2011 Giro d'Italia victory . He was also suspended until 5 August 2012 , and his contract with was annulled . Upon the completion of his ban , Contador rejoined the renamed team . ", "The office of Vice President of Argentina is the second highest political position in Argentina , and first in the line of succession to the Presidency of Argentina . The office was established with the enactment of the Argentine Constitution of 1853 . The Vice President assumes presidential duties in a caretaker in case of absence or temporary incapacity of the head of state , and may succeed to the Presidency in case of resignation , permanent incapacity , or death of the President . The longest Vice Presidential tenure as caretaker in Argentine history took place between 1865 and 1868 , while President Bartolomé Mitre was preoccupied with the Paraguayan War . Seven Argentine Vice Presidents have succeeded to the Presidency : Juan Esteban Pedernera -LRB- 1861 -RRB- ; Carlos Pellegrini -LRB- 1890 -RRB- ; José Evaristo Uriburu -LRB- 1895 -RRB- ; José Figueroa Alcorta -LRB- 1906 -RRB- ; Victorino de la Plaza -LRB- 1914 -RRB- ; Ramón Castillo -LRB- 1942 -RRB- ; and Isabel Perón -LRB- 1974 -RRB- . The Argentine Constitution does not provide for the replacement of a Vice President should their tenure be ended for any reason , and their office was thus made vacant on seventeen occasions since 1861 -LRB- see list -RRB- . The 1994 amendments gave the Vice President the additional title of President of the Senate ; this made the role a more legislative than executive one , with the power to vote in the case of a tie in the Senate . It also modified the Vice President 's term - as well as the President 's - from one unrenewable six-year term to two four-year terms renewable upon reelection of the joint ticket . A list of the Vice Presidents follows , including de facto Vice Presidents during military regimes and vacant periods . The current Vice President of Argentina is Gabriela Michetti . ", "José Bernardo Escobar -LRB- 20 October 1797 - 20 March 1849 -RRB- was interim President of Guatemala from 28 November 1848 to 1 January 1849 . Escobar assumed duties when Juan Antonio Martínez was unable to maintain peace and resigned . Escobar took office only to meet instant opposition from both the Moderate party and the aristocrats and clergy . ", "Alberto Fermín Zubiría Urtiague -LRB- 1901 -- 1971 -RRB- was a Uruguayan political figure , who served as President of Uruguay . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Coins_of_the_Swiss_franc", "Bullion_coin", "Ecuadorian_centavo_coins", "Switzerland_national_football_team", "Central,_Zürich" ]

[ "The coins of the Swiss franc are the official coins used in Switzerland and Liechtenstein . The name of the subunit is Centime in French , Rappen in German , Centisimo in Italian and Rap in Romansh . There are coins in denominations of 5 centimes , 10 centimes , 20 centimes , 1/2 franc -LRB- 50 centimes -RRB- , 1 franc , 2 francs and 5 francs . In the past , there were also coins of 1 and 2 centimes . ", "A bullion coin is a coin struck from precious metal and kept as a store of value or an investment , rather than used in day-to-day commerce . The United Kingdom defines investment coins more specifically as coins that have been minted after 1800 , have a purity of not less than 900 thousandths and are , or have been , legal tender in their country of origin . Under United States law , `` coins '' that fail the last of these requirements are not coins at all , and must be advertised as `` rounds '' instead . Bullion coins are usually available in both gold and silver , with the exceptions of the Krugerrand -LRB- note in 2017 the first silver Krugerrand was minted -RRB- and the Swiss Vreneli which are only available in gold . The American Eagle series is available in gold , silver and platinum , and the Canadian Maple Leaf series is available in gold , silver , platinum , and palladium . Bullion coins are typically available in various weights . These are usually multiples or fractions of 1 troy ounce , but some bullion coins are produced in very limited quantities in kilograms or heavier . Bullion coins sell for a premium over the market price of the metal on the commodities exchanges . Reasons include their comparative small size and the costs associated with manufacture , storage and distribution . The amount of the premium varies depending on the coin 's type and weight and the precious metal . The premium also is affected by prevailing demand . The ISO currency code for gold bullion is XAU . ISO 4217 includes codes not only for currencies , but also for precious metals -LRB- gold , silver , palladium and platinum ; by definition expressed per one troy ounce , as compared to `` 1 USD '' -RRB- and certain other entities used in international finance , e.g. special drawing rights . ", "Ecuadorian centavo coins were introduced in 2000 when Ecuador converted its currency from the sucre to the U.S. dollar . The coins are in denominations of 1 , 5 , 10 , 25 and 50 centavos and are identical in size and value to their U.S. cent counterparts -LRB- although the U.S. 50-cent coin counterpart is not often seen in circulation -RRB- . They circulate within Ecuador alongside coins and banknotes from the USA . Although U.S. $ 1 coins are rarely used in the U.S. , they are commonly used in Ecuador . Ecuador managed to introduce a $ 1 coin -LRB- Un sucre -RRB- but finally decided to not release in common circulation , only in 2000 coin sets . Ecuador does not issue any banknotes , relying on U.S. issues . ", "The Switzerland national football team -LRB- also known as the Schweizer Nati in German , La Nati in French , Squadra nazionale in Italian -RRB- is the national football team of Switzerland . The team is controlled by the Swiss Football Association . The team 's logo , ASF-SFV , represents the Swiss Football Association 's initials in Switzerland 's official languages : ASF represents both French -LRB- Association Suisse de Football -RRB- and Italian -LRB- Associazione Svizzera di Football -RRB- , and SFV is German -LRB- Schweizerischer Fussballverband -RRB- . In Romansh , the association is abbreviated as ASB -LRB- Associaziun Svizra da Ballape -RRB- . Its best performances in the World Cup have been reaching the quarter-finals three times , in 1934 , 1938 and when the country hosted the event in 1954 . Switzerland also won silver at the 1924 Olympics . The youth teams have been more successful , winning the 2002 U-17 European Championship and the 2009 U-17 World Cup . In 2006 , Switzerland set a FIFA World Cup record by being eliminated from the competition despite not conceding a goal , losing to Ukraine in a penalty shootout in the last 16 , by failing to score a single penalty -- becoming the first national team in Cup history to do this . They would not concede a goal until their second group stage game in the 2010 World Cup , giving up a goal in the 74th minute against Chile , setting a World Cup finals record for consecutive minutes without conceding a goal . Switzerland co-hosted Euro 2008 with Austria , making their third appearance in the competition . As with the two previous appearances , they did not clear the group stages . ", "Central is a public square or plaza at the northern end of Limmatquai in Zürich , Switzerland . It is one of the city 's nodal points for road and public transportation . It was formerly known as Leonhardplatz or Leonhardsplatz . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Bank_of_America", "Charlotte,_North_Carolina", "East_West_Bank", "Amegy_Bank_of_Texas", "2012_Bank_of_America_500" ]

[ "Bank of America Corporation -LRB- abbreviated as BofA -RRB- is a multinational banking and financial services corporation headquartered in Charlotte , North Carolina . It is ranked 2nd on the list of largest banks in the United States by assets . As of 2016 , Bank of America was the 26th largest company in the United States by total revenue . In 2016 , it was ranked # 11 on the Forbes Magazine Global 2000 list of largest companies in the world . Its acquisition of Merrill Lynch in 2008 made it the world 's largest wealth management corporation and a major player in the investment banking market . As of December 31 , 2016 , it had US$ 886.148 billion in assets under management -LRB- AUM -RRB- . As of December 31 , 2016 , the company held 10.73 % of all bank deposits in the United States . It is one of the Big Four banks in the United States , along with Citigroup , JPMorgan Chase and Wells Fargo -- its main competitors . Bank of America operates -- but does not necessarily maintain retail branches -- in all 50 states of the United States , the District of Columbia and more than 40 other countries . It has a retail banking footprint that serves approximately 46 million consumer and small business relationships at 4,600 banking centers and 15,900 automated teller machines -LRB- ATMs -RRB- . Bank of America provides its products and services through 4,600 retail financial centers , approximately 15,900 automated teller machines , call centers , and online and mobile banking platforms . Its Consumer Real Estate Services segment offers consumer real estate products comprising fixed and adjustable-rate first-lien mortgage loans for home purchase and refinancing needs , home equity lines of credit , and home equity loans . Bank of America has been the subject of many lawsuits and investigations regarding both mortgages and financial disclosures dating back to the financial crisis , including a record settlement of $ 16.65 billion on August 21 , 2014 . ", "Charlotte -LSB- ˈʃɑrlət -RSB- is the largest city in the state of North Carolina . It is the county seat of Mecklenburg County and the second-largest city in the southeastern United States , just behind Jacksonville , Florida . Charlotte is the third-fastest growing major city in the United States . In 2014 the estimated population of Charlotte according to the U.S. Census Bureau was 809,958 , making it the 17th-largest city in the United States based on population . The Charlotte metropolitan area ranks 22nd-largest in the U.S. , and had a 2014 population of 2,380,314 . The Charlotte metropolitan area is part of a sixteen-county market region or combined statistical area with a 2014 U.S. Census population estimate of 2,537,990 . Residents of Charlotte are referred to as `` Charlotteans '' . It is listed as a `` gamma-plus '' global city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network . Charlotte is home to the corporate headquarters of Bank of America and the east coast operations of Wells Fargo , which along with other financial institutions made it the second-largest banking center in the United States from 1995 to 2017 and the third-largest from 2017 to present . Among Charlotte 's many notable attractions , some of the most popular include the Carolina Panthers of the National Football League -LRB- NFL -RRB- , the Charlotte Hornets of the National Basketball Association -LRB- NBA -RRB- , the Charlotte Independence of the United Soccer League -LRB- USL -RRB- , two NASCAR Sprint Cup races and the NASCAR All-Star Race , the Wells Fargo Championship , the NASCAR Hall of Fame , the Charlotte Ballet , Carowinds amusement park , and the U.S. National Whitewater Center . Charlotte Douglas International Airport is a major international hub , and was ranked the 23rd-busiest airport in the world by passenger traffic in 2013 . Charlotte has a humid subtropical climate . The city is located several miles east of the Catawba River and southeast of Lake Norman , the largest man-made lake in North Carolina . Lake Wylie and Mountain Island Lake are two smaller man-made lakes located near the city . ", "East West Bank is a bank based in the state of California in the United States , with assets of $ 35.3 billion and a market capitalization of over $ 7.4 billion . It was founded to serve the Chinese American community in California , and has over 130 branch locations in the U.S and Greater China , including branches in northern and southern California , Georgia , Nevada , Massachusetts , New York , Texas and Washington . In Greater China , East West 's presence includes full service branches in Hong Kong , Shanghai , Shantou and Shenzhen , and representative offices in Beijing , Chongqing , Guangzhou , Taipei and Xiamen . It is headquartered in Pasadena , California . After its 2009 acquisition from the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation of the assets of United Commercial Bank , the resulting bank was projected to start with almost $ 23 billion in assets , putting it ahead of Los Angeles-based City National as the largest bank based in Southern California . The current Chairman and Chief Executive Officer is Dominic Ng . ", "Amegy Bank of Texas -LRB- previously known as Southwest Bank of Texas -RRB- is a US bank operating in Texas that is a subsidiary of Zions Bancorporation . It is headquartered in the Five Post Oak Park building in the Post Oak Park business park in Houston , Texas . As of 2005 it was the largest bank in Houston . As of 2010 , the bank has USD $ 11 billion in assets , 80 locations and 2000 employees within the state of Texas . ", "The 2012 Bank of America 500 was a NASCAR Sprint Cup Series stock car race held on October 13 , 2012 , at Charlotte Motor Speedway in Concord , North Carolina . Contested over 334 laps on the 1.5-mile -LRB- 2.4 km -RRB- asphalt quad-oval , it was the thirty-first race of the 2012 Sprint Cup Series season , as well as the fifth race in the ten-race Chase for the Sprint Cup , which ends the season . Clint Bowyer of Michael Waltrip Racing won the race , his third of the season , while Denny Hamlin finished second and Jimmie Johnson was third . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "The_Other_Side_-LRB-2011_film-RRB-", "1997_in_film", "See_You_on_the_Other_Side_-LRB-Korn_album-RRB-", "Steven_Spielberg_filmography", "Andrew_Kosove" ]

[ "The Other Side is a 2011 comedy-drama film . The film is the directorial debut of writer David Michaels , who co-wrote the script with Phil Reeves . The film stars Woody Harrelson , Giovanni Ribisi , Dave Matthews , Anjelica Huston and Jason Lee . ", "The year 1997 in film involved many significant films , including the blockbuster success Titanic , and the beginning of the film studio DreamWorks . ", "See You on the Other Side is the seventh studio album by Korn . It was released on December 6 , 2005 , by Virgin Records . It is their first album without long-time guitarist Brian `` Head '' Welch and the last album with original drummer David Silveria . The album was first certified gold in the United States on January 12 , 2006 ; a subsequent platinum record certification was awarded on March 16 , 2006 . The album is best known for the involvement of renowned production team ` The Matrix ' , best known for coproduction on works by Avril Lavigne , Britney Spears , and Shakira , who managed to give Korn 's music a different sound . The album features layout design and an original painting by the American surrealist / gothic painter David Stoupakis as a cover , eleven more paintings by the artist appear for the additional artwork and the deluxe special edition . ", "This is a filmography for film director , writer and producer Steven Spielberg . ", "Andrew A. Kosove is an American film producer who was nominated for an Academy Award for the film The Blind Side . Alongside his producing partner , Broderick Johnson , he is the co-founder and co-CEO of Alcon Entertainment , a Los Angeles-based wholly independent production company . In December 2015 , the Federal Bureau of Investigation discovered that Kosove was linked to the leak of Quentin Tarantino 's The Hateful Eight . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "Ed_Gein", "Field_Report", "Harry_W._Bolens_House", "Seth_Peterson_Cottage", "Cross_Plains,_Wisconsin" ]

[ "Edward Theodore Gein -LRB- -LSB- ˈɡiːn -RSB- August 27 , 1906 -- July 26 , 1984 -RRB- , also known as The Butcher of Plainfield , was an American murderer and body snatcher . His crimes , committed around his hometown of Plainfield , Wisconsin , gathered widespread notoriety after authorities discovered that Gein had exhumed corpses from local graveyards and fashioned trophies and keepsakes from their bones and skin . Gein confessed to killing two women -- tavern owner Mary Hogan on December 8 , 1954 , and a Plainfield hardware store owner , Bernice Worden , on November 16 , 1957 . Gein was initially found unfit to stand trial and confined to a mental health facility . In 1968 , Gein was found guilty but legally insane of the murder of Worden and was remanded to psychiatric institutions . He died at Mendota Mental Health Institute of cancer-induced liver and respiratory failure at age 77 on July 26 , 1984 . He is buried next to his family in the Plainfield Cemetery , in a now-unmarked grave . ", "Field Report is an American folk band from Milwaukee , Wisconsin led by singer/songwriter Christopher Porterfield . The band 's name is an anagram of the surname Porterfield . ", "The Harry W. Bolens House is located in Port Washington , Wisconsin , United States . It once served as the home of State Senator Harry W. Bolens . The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1983 . ", "The Seth Peterson Cottage is a two-room lakeside cottage located in Mirror Lake State Park outside Lake Delton , Wisconsin , United States . It was designed by Frank Lloyd Wright in 1958 . ", "Cross Plains is a village in Dane County , Wisconsin , United States . The population was 3,538 at the 2010 census . The village is located partially within the Town of Cross Plains . It is part of the Madison Metropolitan Statistical Area . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Ed_Gagliardi", "Marco_Bertolotto", "Samiye_Tohidlou", "Daniel_Rey", "Larry_Vognild" ]

[ "Edward John ` Ed ' Gagliardi -LRB- February 13 , 1952 -- May 11 , 2014 -RRB- was an American bass guitarist , best known as the original bass player for the 1970s rock band Foreigner . He was a member of Foreigner from the beginning in 1976 . Gagliardi , most notably , played a red Rickenbacker bass guitar , left-handed even though he was naturally right-handed . It is widely known that he did so out of admiration , and devotion to Paul McCartney -LRB- most often self-doctored from right handed basses , reengineered and played upside down , by Gagliardi himself -RRB- . Gagliardi was on the albums Foreigner and Double Vision , but was fired from the band in 1979 . In 1981 , Gagliardi formed the band Spys with former Foreigner keyboardist Al Greenwood , a band that set the tone for much of the 80 's synth-rock bands , and received acclaim within the musical community . In the early 2000s , Gagliardi worked as a Service Department Writer at Rallye Lexus in Glen Cove , New York . Gagliardi died of cancer on May 11 , 2014 , after battling cancer for eight years . Friends and family held a private ceremony . ", "Marco Bertolotto -LRB- born Quiliano , 8 September 1959 -RRB- is an Italian doctor and politician , formerly president of Savona province . A graduate in medicine and surgery , Bertolotto pursued a number of specializations in medicine , surgery , and sanitary management prior to beginning his political career . He served as director of the pain therapy and palliative care unit at Santa Corona hospital in Pietra Ligure , before being elected to the first of two terms as mayor of Toirano in 1995 . During his second term of office he generated a lively council debate over the construction of a waste incinerator on municipal land . He also engineered a twinning agreement , inaugurated in October 2003 , with the Christian community of Rumbek in South Sudan . Bertolotto was in 2004 elected President of Savona province in a runoff on June 12 and 13 . He represented the centre-left Ulivo coalition and attracted 50.6 % of the vote . In 2007 he lost the support of two of the provincial councillors representing the Italian Democratic Socialists , and in June 2008 he announced that , on failing to be selected as Democratic Party candidate for the provincial elections due in 2009 , he was resigning his party membership . On 14 November 2008 , following the resignation of key councillors from the governing coalition , the Savona provincial administration was formally dissolved and Bertolotto left his post . He was succeeded by the provincial commissioner Mario Spanu , who held office until an extraordinary election in 2009 installed Angelo Vaccarezza to the provincial presidency . ", "Samiye Tohidlou -LRB- also Somayeh Tohidlou -RRB- -LRB- born 1979 -RRB- is an Iranian blogger and political activist . She was sentenced to 50 lashes for her activities in protest of the 2009 presidential election in Iran . Tohidlou is a doctoral student in sociology at Tehran University , and an active member of the Islamic Student Association . She was a volunteer for the 2009 presidential campaign of Mir Hussein Mousavi . According to journalist Abbas Milani , it was Tohidlou who had the idea of an `` uninterrupted chain '' of supporters and a green ribbon connecting Tehran 's rich , north neighborhoods with its poor south . The day after the election , June 14 , her home was searched and her phone and laptop were confiscated and she was arrested . She was incarcerated in Evin prison for 70 days and released with a bail of $ 200,000 . A lower court sentenced her to one year in prison and 50 lashes , and an appeals court eliminated the one-year prison sentence but upheld the flogging sentence . According to Kaleme website , her sentence was related to her blogging and other internet activities , but other sources state she was prosecuted for her planning the human chain between two squares in Northern and Southern Tehran in support of Mir Hossein Mousavi 's presidential campaign in 2009 . Her lashes were administered 15 September 2011 , and in conflict with the Islamist tenant of separation of the sexes they were reportedly administered by a male , not a female . The punishment prompted her to write in her blog addressing her flogger : `` Be happy . Your intention was my humiliation . I confess my whole body and soul experienced this humiliation . So much so that I ca n't believe I can ever sustain it again . ... You have humiliated me today . My pride was broken . '' ", "Daniel Rey -LRB- born Daniel Rabinowitz -RRB- is an American musician , music producer and songwriter from New York City best known for his work with the Ramones . As a teenager Rey played in punk band Shrapnel , which also featured Dave Wyndorf , later of Monster Magnet . Shrapnel put out two 45 singles -LRB- Combat Love and Go Cruisin ' -RRB- and a five-song self-titled e.p. , and played CBGB regularly in their brief career . He first collaborated with the Ramones on their 1984 album Too Tough to Die , where he co-wrote the song `` Daytime Dilemma -LRB- Dangers of Love -RRB- '' with Joey Ramone , and from there produced three of the band 's albums , Halfway to Sanity , Brain Drain and ¡ Adios Amigos ! . Rey did all of the guitar work for 9 of the 11 songs on Joey Ramone 's 2002 solo album Do n't Worry About Me . Rey was also the guitarist for the band Manitoba 's Wild Kingdom , which he formed in 1986 with Handsome Dick Manitoba and Andy Shernoff of The Dictators . Wild Kingdom released a version of `` New York New York '' on the 1988 soundtrack to Mondo New York , before Rey left the band and was replaced by Ross `` The Boss '' Friedman . Rey has also been the guitarist/producer for Ronnie Spector since the mid 90 's . He currently plays with The Martinets . In early January 2015 , Rey replaced Dictator 's rhythm guitarist , Scott `` Top Ten '' Kempner , for the Dictators first west coast tour in at least 10 years . Kempner is out due to a pending shoulder surgery . ", "Larry Lee Vognild -LRB- January 21 , 1932 -- January 3 , 2014 -RRB- was an American politician and firefighter . Vognild was a member of the Everett , Washington fire department . He served in the Washington State Senate from 1978 until 1994 as a Democrat . He died only 18 days before his 82nd birthday . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Foot_Locker", "ABC-Mart", "Herschel_Supply_Co.", "Corbeil_Bus_Corporation", "Bank_of_Commerce_Building,_Windsor" ]

[ "Foot Locker Retail , Inc. is an American sportswear and footwear retailer , with its headquarters in Midtown Manhattan , New York City , and operating in 28 countries worldwide . Although established in 1974 , and founded as a separate company in 1988 , Foot Locker is a successor corporation to the F. W. Woolworth Company -LRB- `` Woolworth 's '' -RRB- , as many of its freestanding stores were former Woolworth 's locations . The company operates the eponymous `` Foot Locker '' chain of athletic footwear retail outlets -LRB- along with `` Kids Foot Locker '' and `` Lady Foot Locker '' stores -RRB- , and other athletic-based divisions including Champs Sports , Footaction USA , House of Hoops , and Eastbay/Footlocker . com , which owns the rights to Final Score . The company is also famous for its employees ' uniforms at its flagship Foot Locker chain , resembling those of referees . According to the company 's filings with the SEC , as of January 28 , 2017 , Foot Locker , Inc. had 3,363 primarily mall-based stores in the United States , Canada , Europe , and Asia . ", "ABC-Mart is a Japanese footwear company , founded by Masahiro Miki . It has stores in Japan , Taiwan , and South Korea . In 2012 , ABC bought the American company LaCrosse Footwear , which in turn purchased the US bootmaker Whites Boots in 2014 . ", "Herschel Supply Co. is a Canadian manufacturer of hipster retro backpacks and accessories . The company was founded by Lyndon and Jamie Cormack in 2009 and is based in Vancouver , British Columbia . It expanded quickly , and featured 10,000 points of sale in 2016 . Slate described the brand as `` a global phenomenon , glimpsed wherever hipsters dare to tread . '' Its products comprise backpacks , duffel bags , other luggage , hats and other accessories . The brand is aimed at 18-to-35-year-old consumers , and is based on evoking a sense of American nostalgia -- for instance through synthetic leather straps and an old-time logo , as well as through its name , which refers to Herschel , Saskatchewan , a very small Canadian frontier village . ", "Corbeil Bus Corporation is a school and commercial bus manufacturer , based in Hutchinson , Kansas . It was created from the acquisition of predecessor Les Enterprises Michel Corbeil by Collins Industries in 2007 . Collins markets the Corbeil brand name throughout Canada , and as special order buses in the United States . ", "The Bank of Commerce Building is an office tower in downtown Windsor , Ontario . Tenants include the Great Lakes Regional Office of the International Joint Commission . The building was formerly a Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce -LRB- CIBC -RRB- regional headquarters . The CIBC sign at the top of the building has since been removed but CIBC still maintains offices on the first floor . The building stands at 15 storeys tall . It is across Ouellette Avenue from One Riverside Drive , and across Riverside Drive from the Riverfront Bike Trail . It is also linked to the neighbouring Windsor Downtown Travelodge Hotel via hallways joining the structures . " ]

[ 1, 1, 2, 0, 1 ]

[ "Dissociative_identity_disorder", "Anxiety_disorder", "Schizothymia", "Adjustment_disorder", "Infantile_free_sialic_acid_storage_disease" ]

[ "Dissociative identity disorder -LRB- DID -RRB- , also known as multiple personality disorder -LRB- MPD -RRB- , is a mental disorder characterized by at least two distinct and relatively enduring identities or dissociated personality states . These states alternately show in a person 's behavior , accompanied by memory impairment for important information not explained by ordinary forgetfulness . These symptoms are not accounted for by substance abuse , seizures , or other medical conditions , nor by imaginative play in children . Dissociative symptoms range from common lapses in attention , becoming distracted by something else , and daydreaming , to pathological dissociative disorders . Symptoms vary over time . Dissociative disorders , including DID , have been attributed to disruptions in memory caused by trauma or other forms of stress . Research on this hypothesis has been characterized by poor methodology . An alternative hypothesis is that DID is a by-product of techniques employed by some therapists , especially those using hypnosis , and disagreement between the two positions is characterized by intense debate . DID is one of the most controversial psychiatric disorders , with no clear consensus on diagnostic criteria or treatment . No systematic , empirically supported definition of `` dissociation '' exists . Diagnosis is often difficult , as the entity is frequently associated with other mental disorders . Differential diagnosis should consider malingering if the individual 's principal concern is with financial or forensic gain or with the avoidance of obligations ; and factitious disorder , if the individual 's principal concern is with assuming a patient role . It is generally believed that DID rarely resolves spontaneously . In general , the prognosis is poor , especially for those with comorbid disorders . There is little systematic data on rates of the condition . It is believed to affect between 1 % and 3 % of the general population , and between 1 % and 5 % in inpatient groups in Europe and North America . DID is diagnosed more frequently in North America than in the rest of the world , and is diagnosed three to nine times more often in females than in males . Rates of diagnoses increased greatly in the latter half of the 20th century , along with the number of identities -LRB- often referred to as `` alters '' -RRB- claimed by people -LRB- increasing from an average of two or three to approximately 16 -RRB- . DID is also controversial within the legal system , where it has been used as a rarely successful form of the insanity defense . The 1990s showed a parallel increase in the number of court cases involving the diagnosis . DID became a popular diagnosis in the 1970s , '80s , and '90s , but it is unclear whether the actual rate of the disorder increased , whether it was more recognized by health care providers , or whether sociocultural factors caused an increase in therapy-induced -LRB- iatrogenic -RRB- presentations . The unusual number of diagnoses after 1980 , clustered around a small number of clinicians , and the suggestibility characteristic of those with DID , support the hypothesis that DID is therapist-induced . The unusual clustering of diagnoses has also been explained as due to a lack of awareness and training among clinicians to recognize cases of DID . ", "Anxiety disorders are a group of mental disorders characterized by feelings of anxiety and fear . Anxiety is a worry about future events and fear is a reaction to current events . These feelings may cause physical symptoms , such as a fast heart rate and shakiness . There are a number of anxiety disorders : including generalized anxiety disorder , specific phobia , social anxiety disorder , separation anxiety disorder , agoraphobia , panic disorder , and selective mutism . The disorder differs by what results in the symptoms . People often have more than one anxiety disorder . The cause of anxiety disorders is a combination of genetic and environmental factors . Risk factors include a history of child abuse , family history of mental disorders , and poverty . Anxiety disorders often occur with other mental disorders , particularly major depressive disorder , personality disorder , and substance use disorder . To be diagnosed symptoms typically need to be present for at least six months , be more than would be expected for the situation , and decrease functioning . Other problems that may result in similar symptoms including hyperthyroidism ; heart disease ; caffeine , alcohol , or cannabis use ; and withdrawal from certain drugs , among others . Without treatment , anxiety disorders tend to remain . Treatment may include lifestyle changes , counselling , and medications . Counselling is typically with a type of cognitive behavioural therapy . Medications , such as antidepressants or beta blockers , may improve symptoms . About 12 % of people are affected by an anxiety disorder in a given year and between 5-30 % are affected at some point in their life . They occur about twice as often in females as males , and generally begin before the age of 25 . The most common are specific phobia which affects nearly 12 % and social anxiety disorder which affects 10 % at some point in their life . They affect those between the ages of 15 and 35 the most and become less common after the age of 55 . Rates appear to be higher in the United States and Europe . ", "Schizothymia is a temperament related to schizophrenia in a way analogous to cyclothymia 's relationship with bipolar disorder . A schizothymic individual displays a flat affect and a high degree of introversion , withdrawing from social relations generally ; nevertheless , some individuals with this characteristic may be able to achieve relatively affable social relations and a measure of affectivity in some situations . As a kind of temperament , schizothymic personality traits are thought to be more or less innate rather than the result of socialization -LRB- or a lack thereof -RRB- . ", "An adjustment disorder -LRB- AD -RRB- -- sometimes called exogenous , reactive , or situational depression -- occurs when an individual is unable to adjust to or cope with a particular stress or a major life event . Since people with this disorder normally have symptoms that depressed people do , such as general loss of interest , feelings of hopelessness and crying , this disorder is sometimes known as situational depression . Unlike major depression , the disorder is caused by an outside stressor and generally resolves once the individual is able to adapt to the situation . One hypothesis about AD is that it may represent a sub-threshold clinical syndrome . The condition is different from anxiety disorder , which lacks the presence of a stressor , or post-traumatic stress disorder and acute stress disorder , which usually are associated with a more intense stressor . Common characteristics of AD include mild depressive symptoms , anxiety symptoms , and traumatic stress symptoms or a combination of the three . There are nine types of AD listed in the DSM-III-R . According to the DSM-IV-TR , there are six types of AD , which are characterized by the following predominant symptoms : depressed mood , anxiety , mixed depression and anxiety , disturbance of conduct , mixed disturbance of emotions and conduct , and unspecified . However , the criteria for these symptoms are not specified in greater detail . AD may be acute or chronic , depending on whether it lasts more or less than six months . According to the DSM-IV-TR , if the AD lasts less than 6 months , then it may be considered acute . If it lasts more than six months , it may be considered chronic . Moreover , the symptoms can not last longer than six months after the stressor -LRB- s -RRB- , or its consequences , have terminated . Diagnosis of AD is quite common ; there is an estimated incidence of 5 % -- 21 % among psychiatric consultation services for adults . Adult women are diagnosed twice as often as are adult men . Among children and adolescents , girls and boys are equally likely to receive this diagnosis . AD was introduced into the psychiatric classification systems almost 30 years ago , but similar syndromes were recognized for many years before that . ", "Infantile free sialic acid storage disease -LRB- ISSD -RRB- is a lysosomal storage disease Occurs when a sialic acid , is unable to be transported out of the lysosomal membrane and instead , accumulates in the tissue and free sialic acid is excreted in the urine . Mutations in the SLC17A5 -LRB- solute carrier family 17 -LRB- anion/sugar transporter -RRB- , member 50 -RRB- gene cause all forms of sialic acid storage disease . The SLC17A5 gene is located on the long -LRB- q -RRB- arm of chromosome 6 between positions 14 and 15 . This gene provides instructions for producing a protein called sialin that is located mainly on the membranes of lysosomes , compartments in the cell that digest and recycle materials . ISSD is the most severe form of the sialic acid storage diseases . Babies with this condition have severe developmental delay , weak muscle tone -LRB- hypotonia -RRB- , and failure to gain weight and grow at the expected rate -LRB- failure to thrive -RRB- . They may have unusual facial features that are often described as `` coarse , '' seizures , bone malformations , enlarged liver and spleen -LRB- hepatosplenomegaly -RRB- , and an enlarged heart -LRB- cardiomegaly -RRB- . ISSD is a rare autosomal recessive disorder and affects 1 in 528,000 live births worldwide . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "Chris_Paul", "Shilton_Paul", "Paul_Norton_-LRB-rugby_league-RRB-", "Frank_Pietrangelo", "Derek_Joslin" ]

[ "Christopher Emmanuel Paul -LRB- born May 6 , 1985 -RRB- is an American professional basketball player for the Los Angeles Clippers of the National Basketball Association -LRB- NBA -RRB- . The point guard has won the NBA Rookie of the Year Award , two Olympic gold medals , and led the NBA in assists four times and steals six times . He has also been selected to nine NBA All-Star teams , eight All-NBA teams , and eight All-Defensive teams . Paul was a McDonald 's All-American in high school . He attended Wake Forest University for two years of college basketball where he helped the Demon Deacons achieve their first ever number one ranking . He was selected fourth overall in the 2005 NBA draft by the New Orleans Hornets and traded to the Clippers in 2011 . Off the court , Paul has served as the National Basketball Players Association president since August 2013 . One of the highest-paid athletes in the world , he holds endorsement deals with companies such as Nike and State Farm . ", "Shilton Paul is an Indian footballer who plays for Atlético de Kolkata as a goalkeeper , currently captaining the Mariners . ", "Paul Norton is a professional rugby league footballer of the 1970s , and 1980s , playing at representative level for Yorkshire , and at club level for Castleford , playing as a , or , i.e. number 11 or 12 , or 13 , during the era of contested scrums . ", "Frank Pietrangelo -LRB- born December 17 , 1964 in Niagara Falls , Ontario -RRB- is a retired Canadian ice hockey goaltender . Pietrangelo started his National Hockey League career with the Pittsburgh Penguins in 1988 , winning the Stanley Cup in 1991 . He also played for the Hartford Whalers . He left the NHL after the 1994 season . He played several more years in the IHL with the Minnesota Moose , Italy with HC Bolzano and Asiago Hockey AS , Germany in the DEL with Kaufbeuren Eagles , and England in the BISL with the Manchester Storm before retiring after the 2001 season . He was named the Sekonda Face to Watch while playing for Manchester in December 1998 . He is perhaps best known for his play during the 1991 Stanley Cup playoffs in place of injured Penguins ' starting goaltender Tom Barrasso . In Game 6 of the opening round against the New Jersey Devils , Pietrangelo helped the Penguins stave off elimination with one of the most significant stops in Stanley Cup history , a glove save against Peter Stastny , who was shooting at a mostly-open net at point-blank range . The play , which would become known simply as `` The Save , '' helped the Penguins win the game and the series . The Penguins , with a healthy Barrasso , would eventually win their first Stanley Cup . Pietrangelo 's cousin 's son is NHL defenseman Alex Pietrangelo . ", "Derek Joslin -LRB- born March 17 , 1987 -RRB- is a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman who is currently playing with EHC München of the German league Deutsche Eishockey Liga -LRB- DEL -RRB- . He has played in the National Hockey League for the San Jose Sharks , with his NHL debut coming during the 2008-09 campaign , Carolina Hurricanes and the Vancouver Canucks . The Sharks drafted him in the 149th overall in the 2005 NHL Entry Draft . Joslin played major junior hockey in the Ontario Hockey League -LRB- OHL -RRB- for the Ottawa 67 's . During his time in the OHL he was an All-Star and represented Canada in the Subway Super Series . After finishing his OHL career he played in the American Hockey League -LRB- AHL -RRB- for the Worcester Sharks , where he was also an All-Star . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 2, 2 ]

[ "Gray_Matters", "A_Pleasant_Shade_of_Gray", "Gray's_Pottery", "Steve_Gray_-LRB-TV_presenter-RRB-", "Inland_-LRB-Jars_of_Clay_album-RRB-" ]

[ "Gray Matters is a 2006 romantic comedy film directed by Sue Kramer , starring Heather Graham , Tom Cavanagh and Bridget Moynahan . It premiered on October 21 , 2006 at the Hamptons International Film Festival and had a United States limited theatrical release on February 23 , 2007 . ", "A Pleasant Shade of Gray is a concept album by the progressive metal group Fates Warning , released in 1997 . It contains one song divided into twelve parts and is noted for its darker mood and more progressive style . ", "Gray 's Pottery , also spelled as Grays Pottery and formally known as A.E. Gray Ltd. was a British pottery company based in Hanley , Staffordshire , later Stoke-upon-Trent , which existed until it was taken over by Portmeirion Pottery in 1960 . The company was founded by , and named after , Albert Edward Gray -LRB- 1871-1959 -RRB- . Gray 's business began in Stoke-upon-Trent -LRB- one of the six towns of the City of Stoke-on-Trent -RRB- in 1907 and became a production operation in Mayer Street , Hanley , Stoke-on-Trent by 1912 . It returned to Stoke-upon-Trent in 1933 and ceased by 1962 . The company , which was noted particularly for the quality of its design in the 1920s and 1930s , took part in every British Industries Fair that was held between 1915 and 1951 . Notable employees of the company include Susie Cooper , who worked for Gray 's in the 1920s . She stayed with the company until her 27th birthday in 1929 , when she left the company in order to set up her own business . Samuel -LRB- Clyde -RRB- Talbot succeeded Miss Cooper as the company 's Art Director around 1930 , remaining until 1959 . He gained national recognition on the National Register of Industrial Art Designers alongside other notable ceramic designers such as Reco Capey , Michael Cardew , Keith Murray , Eric Ravillious and Victor Skellern as well as Susie Cooper . ", "Steven `` Steve '' Gray -LRB- born 11 July 1965 -RRB- is a New Zealand blogger and broadcaster , best known as the former host and film reviewer of the weekday New Zealand morning television show , Good Morning . Before becoming a co-host , Gray was its long-serving film and DVD reviewer and gossip columnist . Gray was raised in Hamilton , New Zealand . He worked as a barman , actor , fence builder , painter , singing telegram , drag performer and nanny before branching into film and media . He began his career reviewing film and video on student radio station bFM in 1996 , and began appearing on television the following year . Steven is best known for his knowledge of musical theatre and American television series . In December 2009 , Television New Zealand decided to not renew his contract for his presenter role on Good Morning . No specific reason was given for this , but Gray later speculated it may have been due to his sexuality . Gray 's final episode of Good Morning was Friday 11 December 2009 . In April 2010 Gray launched showbiz news and social commentary blog The Real Steve Gray , which has become one of the most popular New Zealand blogs . In a January 2013 interview with Fairfax NZ , Gray claimed to have slept with a former All Black , sparking international interest from both gay and rugby media . In 2013 Gray joined the New Zealand cinema podcast Cinematica as part of the film review panel . ", "Inland is the eleventh full-length studio album by rock band Jars of Clay , which was released on August 27 , 2013 by Gray Matters label . The album was produced by Tucker Martine at Flora Recording & Playback in Portland , Oregon . The album has seen significant charting successes , and has garnered critical acclamation . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Foot_Locker", "Under_Armour", "The_Cannon_-LRB-Tufts_University-RRB-", "South_End_Grounds", "WBPX-TV" ]

[ "Foot Locker Retail , Inc. is an American sportswear and footwear retailer , with its headquarters in Midtown Manhattan , New York City , and operating in 28 countries worldwide . Although established in 1974 , and founded as a separate company in 1988 , Foot Locker is a successor corporation to the F. W. Woolworth Company -LRB- `` Woolworth 's '' -RRB- , as many of its freestanding stores were former Woolworth 's locations . The company operates the eponymous `` Foot Locker '' chain of athletic footwear retail outlets -LRB- along with `` Kids Foot Locker '' and `` Lady Foot Locker '' stores -RRB- , and other athletic-based divisions including Champs Sports , Footaction USA , House of Hoops , and Eastbay/Footlocker . com , which owns the rights to Final Score . The company is also famous for its employees ' uniforms at its flagship Foot Locker chain , resembling those of referees . According to the company 's filings with the SEC , as of January 28 , 2017 , Foot Locker , Inc. had 3,363 primarily mall-based stores in the United States , Canada , Europe , and Asia . ", "Under Armour , Inc. is an American company that manufactures footwear , sports and casual apparel . Under Armour began offering footwear in 2006 . Under Armour 's global headquarters is located in Baltimore , Maryland with additional North American corporate office locations in Austin and Houston , Texas ; Denver , Colorado ; New York , New York ; San Francisco , California ; Portland , Oregon ; Nashville , Tennessee ; and Toronto , Ontario . Under Armour 's International Headquarters is located in Panama City , Panama , with Latin America offices in São Paulo , Brazil ; Santiago , Chile ; and Mexico City , Mexico . Its European headquarters is in Amsterdam 's Olympic Stadium with an additional office in Munich , Germany . The Under Armour Shanghai office is the regional headquarters for Greater China . Additional Asia Pacific offices are in Guangzhou , China ; Hong Kong ; Jakarta , Indonesia ; Tokyo , Japan ; and Sydney , Australia . ", "The Cannon is a replica of a cannon from the USS Constitution on the campus of Tufts University in Medford , Massachusetts , located in between Goddard Chapel and Ballou Hall . It serves as a billboard for campus activities and groups , and has been utilized as the basis for social and political campus movements . ", "South End Grounds refers to any one of three baseball parks on one site in Boston , Massachusetts . They were home to the franchise that eventually became known as the Boston Braves , first in the National Association and later in the National League , from 1871 to 1914 . At least in its third edition , the formal name of the park , as indicated by the sign over its entrance gate , was Boston National League Base Ball Park . It was located on the northeast corner of Columbus Avenue and Walpole Street -LRB- now Saint Cyprian 's Place -RRB- , just southwest of the current Carter Playground . Accordingly , it was also known over the years as Walpole Street Grounds ; two other names were Union Baseball Grounds and simply Boston Baseball Grounds . The ballpark was across the New York , New Haven and Hartford Railroad tracks , to the south , from the eventual site of the Huntington Avenue Grounds , home to the Boston American League entry prior to the building of Fenway Park . The Boston club was initially known as the `` Red Stockings '' , because four of its key players had come from the famous 1869 -- 1870 barnstorming team known as the Cincinnati Red Stockings and took the nickname with them to Boston . Over time the team acquired other informal nicknames , such as `` Beaneaters '' , `` Red Caps '' , `` Rustlers '' and even `` Doves '' . This team eventually adopted the official nickname `` Braves '' , just a few years before abandoning South End Grounds . With its tight foul lines and expansive center field , like a scaled-down version of the Polo Grounds , it was sometimes said that the South End had no right or left field , but only a center field . South End Grounds was rebuilt twice during its lifetime , the first time by choice and the second time by necessity . ", "WBPX-TV , virtual channel 68 -LRB- UHF digital channel 32 -RRB- , is an Ion Television owned-and-operated television station located in Boston , Massachusetts , United States . The station is owned by Ion Media Networks . WBPX maintains offices , studios , and master control facilities at 1120 Soldiers Field Road in Allston , and its transmitter is located in the Newton Upper Falls district of Newton . The station is also simulcast on two full-power satellites : WPXG-TV -LRB- virtual channel 21 , digital channel 33 -RRB- in Concord , New Hampshire and WDPX-TV -LRB- virtual channel 58 , digital channel 40 -RRB- in Vineyard Haven , Massachusetts ; and two low-power translator stations : WMPX-LP -LRB- channel 33 -RRB- in Dennis and W40BO -LRB- channel 40 -RRB- in Boston . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 1, 1 ]