Datasets:

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nikchar

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retrieval_verification_roberta

like 0

[ "Gaius_Julius_Caesar_-LRB-proconsul-RRB-", "Tiberius_Junius_Brutus", "Marcus_Junius_Brutus_the_Younger", "Lucius_Appuleius", "Benjamin_Caesar" ]

[ "Gaius Julius Caesar -LRB- ca. 130 BC -- 85 BC -RRB- was a Roman senator , a supporter of his brother-in-law , Gaius Marius , and the father of Gaius Julius Caesar , the dictator . Caesar was married to Aurelia Cotta , a member of the Aurelii and Rutilii families . They had two daughters , known as Julia Major and Julia Minor , and a son , Gaius , who was born in 100 BC . He was the brother of Sextus Julius Caesar -LRB- consul in 91 BC -RRB- and the son of Gaius Julius Caesar . Caesar 's progress through the cursus honorum is well known , although the specific dates associated with his offices are controversial . According to two elogia erected in Rome long after his death , Caesar was a commissioner in the colony at Cercina , military tribune , quaestor , praetor , and proconsul of Asia . The dates of these offices are unclear . The colony is probably one of Marius ' of 103 BC . Broughton dated the praetorship to 92 BC , with the quaestorship falling towards the beginning of the 90s BC . Brennan has dated the praetorship to the beginning of the decade . Caesar died suddenly in 85 BC , in Rome , while putting on his shoes one morning . Another Caesar , possibly his father , had died similarly in Pisa . His father had seen to his education by one of the best orators of Rome , Marcus Antonius Gnipho . In his will , he left Caesar the bulk of his estate , but after Marius 's faction had been defeated in the civil war of the 80s BC , this inheritance was confiscated by the dictator Sulla . ", "Tiberius Junius Brutus -LRB- died c. 509 BCE -RRB- was the younger son of Lucius Junius Brutus , who was one of Rome 's first two consuls in 509 BCE . His mother was Vitellia . At the invitation of his uncles , called Vitellii , he and his elder brother Titus Junius Brutus joined the Tarquinian conspiracy . When the conspiracy was discovered , he and the other conspirators were executed by order of the consuls . Punishment was carried out by the lictors , and included being stripped naked , beaten with rods and then beheaded . Lucius Junius Brutus was admired for his strong stance in ordering the execution of his sons , although at times during the execution he showed his emotions . ", "Marcus Junius Brutus -LRB- -LSB- ˈbruːtəs -RSB- 85 BC -- 23 October 42 BC -RRB- , often referred to as Brutus , was a politician of the late Roman Republic . After being adopted by his uncle he used the name Quintus Servilius Caepio Brutus , but eventually returned to using his original name . He took a leading role in the assassination of Julius Caesar . Brutus was close to General Julius Caesar , the leader of the Populares faction . However , Caesar 's attempts to assume greater power for himself put him at greater odds with the Roman elite and members of the Senate . Brutus eventually came to oppose Caesar and fought with the Optimate faction , led by Pompey the Great , against Caesar 's forces in Caesar 's Civil War . Pompey was defeated at the Battle of Pharsalus in 48 B.C. , after which Brutus surrendered to Caesar , who granted him amnesty . However , the underlying political tensions which led to the war had not been resolved . Due to Caesar 's increasingly monarchical behavior , several senators , calling themselves `` Liberators '' , plotted to assassinate him . They recruited Brutus , who took a leading role in the assassination , which was carried out successfully on March 15 , 44 B.C. . The Senate , at the request of the Consul Mark Antony , granted amnesty to the assassins . However , a populist uprising forced Brutus and his brother-in-law , fellow assassin Gaius Cassius Longinus , to leave the City of Rome . In 43 B.C. , Caesar 's grandnephew , Consul Gaius Octavian Caesar , immediately after taking office , passed a resolution declaring the conspirators , including Brutus , murderers . This led to the Liberators ' civil war , pitting the erstwhile supporters of Caesar , under the Second Triumvirate , wishing both to gain power for themselves and avenge his death , against those who opposed him . Octavian combined his troops with those of Antony , and together they decisively defeated the outnumbered armies of Brutus and Cassius at the Battle of Philippi in October 42 B.C. . After the battle , Brutus committed suicide . ", "For others with this name , see Appuleia -LRB- gens -RRB- Lucius Appuleius -LRB- fl . 4th century BCE -RRB- was a man of ancient Rome who served as Tribune of the Plebs in 391 BCE . He impeached Marcus Furius Camillus for having secreted part of the spoils of war against the rival Etrurian city of Veii in 406 . ", "Benjamin Julius Caesar -LRB- born 12 March 1797 at Peper Harrow , Surrey ; died 1867 at Guildford , Surrey -RRB- was an English professional cricketer who played first-class cricket from 1824 to 1830 . He was mainly associated with Godalming Cricket Club and Surrey and made 11 known appearances in first-class matches . He was the father of Julius Caesar . " ]

[ 2, 0, 2, 0, 0 ]

[ "Cordilleran_Ice_Sheet", "Ice_sheet", "Tyndall_Glacier_-LRB-Colorado-RRB-", "Frost_Rocks", "Mizar_Nunataks" ]

[ "The Cordilleran ice sheet was a major ice sheet that periodically covered large parts of North America during glacial periods over the last ~ 2.6 million years . This included the following areas : Western Montana The Idaho Panhandle Northern Washington state down to about Olympia and Spokane All of British Columbia The southwestern third or so of Yukon Territory All of the Alaska Panhandle South Central Alaska The Alaska Peninsula Almost all of the continental shelf north of the Strait of Juan de Fuca The ice sheet covered up to 2.5 million square kilometres at the Last Glacial Maximum and probably more than that in some previous periods , when it may have extended into the northeast extremity of Oregon and the Salmon River Mountains in Idaho . It is probable , though , that its northern margin also migrated south due to the influence of starvation caused by very low levels of precipitation . At its eastern end the Cordilleran ice sheet merged with the Laurentide ice sheet at the Continental Divide , forming an area of ice that contained one and a half times as much water as the Antarctic ice sheet does today . At its western end it is believed nowadays that several small glacial refugia existed during the last glacial maximum below present sea level in the now-submerged Hecate Strait and on the Brooks Peninsula in northern Vancouver Island . However , evidence of ice-free refugia above present sea level north of the Olympic Peninsula has been refuted by genetic and geological studies since the middle 1990s . The ice sheet faded north of the Alaska Range because the climate was too dry to form glaciers . Unlike the Laurentide ice sheet , which is believed to have taken as much as eleven thousand years to fully melt , it is believed the Cordilleran ice sheet , except for areas that remain glaciated today , melted very quickly , probably in four thousand years or less . This rapid melting caused such floods as the overflow of Lake Missoula and shaped the topography of the extremely fertile Inland Empire of Eastern Washington . ", "An ice sheet is a mass of glacier ice that covers surrounding terrain and is greater than 50000 km2 , thus also known as continental glacier . The only current ice sheets are in Antarctica and Greenland ; during the last glacial period at Last Glacial Maximum -LRB- LGM -RRB- the Laurentide ice sheet covered much of North America , the Weichselian ice sheet covered northern Europe and the Patagonian Ice Sheet covered southern South America . Ice sheets are bigger than ice shelves or alpine glaciers . Masses of ice covering less than 50,000 km2 are termed an ice cap . An ice cap will typically feed a series of glaciers around its periphery . Although the surface is cold , the base of an ice sheet is generally warmer due to geothermal heat . In places , melting occurs and the melt-water lubricates the ice sheet so that it flows more rapidly . This process produces fast-flowing channels in the ice sheet -- these are ice streams . The present-day polar ice sheets are relatively young in geological terms . The Antarctic Ice Sheet first formed as a small ice cap -LRB- maybe several -RRB- in the early Oligocene , but retreating and advancing many times until the Pliocene , when it came to occupy almost all of Antarctica . The Greenland ice sheet did not develop at all until the late Pliocene , but apparently developed very rapidly with the first continental glaciation . This had the unusual effect of allowing fossils of plants that once grew on present-day Greenland to be much better preserved than with the slowly forming Antarctic ice sheet . ", "Tyndall Glacier is a small cirque glacier in Rocky Mountain National Park in the U.S. state of Colorado . Tyndall Glacier is on the east side of the Continental Divide and in a cirque to the north of Hallett Peak . Tyndall Glacier is both an ice and a rock glacier , with the lower portions of the glacier being composed primarily of rock debris and a small portion of ice . Tyndall Glacier is named after John Tyndall , an Irish scientist and Alpine mountaineer who in 1861 first ascended the Weisshorn and made an early attempt on the Matterhorn prior to its first ascent . In 1861 Tyndall identified carbon dioxide as a heat-trapping greenhouse gas ; the glacier that bears his name appears to be retreating . ", "The Frost Rocks are a cluster of rocks situated southwest of the southern Argentine Islands and 0.5 nmi southwest of the Whiting Rocks , off the coast of Graham Land , Antarctica . They were named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee for Richard Frost , a survey assistant of the Hydrographic Survey Unit from HMS Endurance working in the area in February 1969 . ", "The Mizar Nunataks are a small cluster of rock nunataks near the Antarctic polar plateau , 12 nmi south of the Wilhoite Nunataks . They were named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names after the , a cargo vessel in the U.S. convoy to McMurdo Sound in U.S. Navy Operation Deep Freeze , 1962 . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Ayananka_Bose", "Nenjam_Marappathillai_-LRB-2017_film-RRB-", "Bangalore_Days", "Chennai_Express", "Seeta_Rama_Jananam" ]

[ "Ayananka Bose is an Indian cinematographer of Bollywood movies . He studied cinematography at the Film and Television Institute of Tamil Nadu , Chennai . He won the best cinematographer of Zee Cine Awards for the movie Kites in 2011 . ", "Nenjam Marappathillai -LRB- The Soul Never Forgets -RRB- is an upcoming Tamil gothic horror film written and directed by Selvaraghavan and produced by Gautham Menon for Ondraga Entertainment and P. Madan for Escape Artists Motion Pictures . The film features S. J. Surya , Regina Cassandra and Nandita Swetha in the lead roles . Music composed by Yuvan Shankar Raja and cinematography by Arvind Krishna , Nenjam Marappathillai began production in January 2016 . ", "Box office = 45 crore rs Bangalore Days is a 2014 Indian Malayalam-language romantic-comedy drama film written and directed by Anjali Menon , and co-produced by Anwar Rasheed and Sophia Paul under the banner Anwar Rasheed Entertainments and Weekend Blockbusters . The film features an ensemble cast consisting of Dulquer Salmaan , Nazriya Nazim , Nivin Pauly , Fahadh Faasil , Isha Talwar , Parvathy and Nithya Menon in pivotal roles . The plot revolves around three cousins from Kerala who move to Bangalore , continuing Menon 's trend of films about family relationships . The film received positive reviews from critics and collected in its first week . Its final gross collection was about , making it one of the highest-grossing films in Malayalam . The remake rights of the film , for Tamil , Telugu and Hindi languages , was jointly acquired by Dil Raju and PVP Cinemas . The film received three Kerala State Film Awards including Best Actor and Best Actress awards for Nivin Pauly and Nazriya Nazim respectively , and Best Screenplay for Anjali Menon . The film was later remade in Tamil as Bangalore Naatkal -LRB- 2016 -RRB- , directed by Bommarillu Bhaskar . ", "Chennai Express -LSB- tʃᵻˈnaɪ -RSB- -LSB- ɪkˈsprɛs -RSB- is a 2013 Indian romantic action comedy film directed by Rohit Shetty , and produced by Gauri Khan for Red Chillies Entertainment . The film features Shah Rukh Khan and Deepika Padukone in lead roles ; it is the second collaboration between Khan and Padukone after Om Shanti Om -LRB- 2007 -RRB- . The film is about a man 's journey from Mumbai to Rameshwaram , and what happens along the way after he falls in love with the daughter of a local don . Principal photography began on 27 September 2012 , filming began in October 2012 and was completed by May 2013 . Chennai Express was released in the overseas markets on 8 August 2013 , and a day later in India . Extensive paid previews were held in India on 8 August as well . Although the film received mixed reviews from critics , it broke several box office records in India and abroad , becoming the quickest film to collect net domestically at that time . The film currently ranks as the eighth highest grossing Indian film of all time . ", "Seeta Rama Jananam -LRB- Telugu : సీతారామ జననం -RRB- is a 1944 Telugu Mythological film , produced & directed by Ghantasala Balaramaiah on Pratibha Productions banner . Starring Akkineni Nageswara Rao , Tripurasundari , Vemuri Gaggaiah , Rushyendramani in the lead roles and music was jointly composed by Prabhala Satyanarayana & Ogirala Ramachandra Rao The film is first debut to Indian famous vetran actor Akkineni Nageswara Rao as hero and also to the legendary music director & singer Ghantasala as chorus singer and in a character role " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Ayananka_Bose", "Prasanna_Jayakody", "Bose_-LRB-crater-RRB-", "Raghavan_Varadarajan", "Gagan_Narang" ]

[ "Ayananka Bose is an Indian cinematographer of Bollywood movies . He studied cinematography at the Film and Television Institute of Tamil Nadu , Chennai . He won the best cinematographer of Zee Cine Awards for the movie Kites in 2011 . ", "Prasanna Jayakody -LRB- born 1968 -RRB- is a Sri Lankan film director . His debut film Sankara -LRB- Introspection -RRB- , won The Special Jury Prize The Silver Pyramid at the Cairo International Film Festival 2006 and the Best Debut Director Award at the International Film Festival of Kerala 2006 . Prasanna Jayakody was born in 1968 to an artistic family which was strongly rooted in traditional Sinhala values and grew up in a Buddhist environment . He debuted at the age of 21 , with Seveneli saha Minissu -LRB- Shadows and Men -RRB- a stage drama thematically woven around a thoughtful discussion on the reality of life and was a major critical success . He was immediately catapulted into the limelight , projected as the most promising among new entrants . His Teledramas which have won unprecedented number of National Television Awards are a result of work which is loved by the masses of Sri Lanka and honored by the intelligentsia . Visual allure has been his aesthetic trademark . But his great ability to articulate the Sinhala Buddhist ethos is the hallmark of his remarkable career . In this he remains unparalleled among his contemporaries . His maiden cinematic creation Sankara -LRB- Introspection -RRB- is a deep analytical study of mans inner soul . Just as all his other artistic works , Sankara too is inspired by and deeply entrenched in Buddhist philosophy . Text : Satyajit Maitipe Sankara : A poem that moves A young Buddhist monk , arrives at a temple in order to restore its paintings . These paintings depict the Thelapaththa Jathakaya , a moral story where Lord Buddha said that a man with a big target in life must not be swayed by passion -LRB- keles -RRB- , the five senses and especially beautiful women . One day , Ananda picks up a hair pin belonging to a young woman . While attempting to return this object to its owner , his repressed , inner feelings are awoken as Ananda develops sensual feelings towards this woman . Hence , the young monks inner spiritual world is plunged into turmoil.Then one night , the paintings are destroyed . While restoring them for the second time Ananda begins to realize that he is trapped in a web of his worldly desires and attachments like that depicted in the paintings . At the end of the film , Ananda accepts that it is his own desire which has led to the defilement of his soul . In order to rid himself of his attachments , Ananda takes his astral being away from physical existence . ", "Bose is a lunar impact crater that is located on the far side of the Moon , in the southern sphere hemisphere . It lies just to the northwest of the smaller crater Bhabha , and southeast of Alder . The outer rim of Bose has become worn and the edges rounded by impacts , although the shape of the wall is still well-preserved . The small satellite crater Bose D lies across the east-northeastern rim , and a smaller craterlet has impacted on the inner southeast wall . The inner floor is level with a low central peak offset slightly to the southeast of the midpoint . There are several tiny craterlets marking the interior , including three to the east of the central peak . The crater is named after an eminent Indian polymath , Sir Jagadish Chandra Bose , for his works on wireless communication . ", "Raghavan Varadarajan -LRB- born 1960 -RRB- is an Indian biophysicist and a professor at the Indian Institute of Science . He is known for his researches in the fields of protein structure and protein folding and his contributions in developing vaccines and drugs for treating a type of fatal influenza and HIV-1 . He is a former J. C. Bose National Fellow of the Department of Science and Technology and an elected fellow of the Indian Academy of Sciences and the Indian National Science Academy . The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research , the apex agency of the Government of India for scientific research , awarded him the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology , one of the highest Indian science awards , in 2002 , for his contributions to biological sciences . ", "Gagan Narang -LRB- born 6 May 1983 -RRB- is an Indian shooter , in Air rifle shooting , supported by the Olympic Gold Quest . He was the first Indian to qualify for the London Olympics . He won the Bronze Medal in the Men 's 10 m Air Rifle Event at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London with a final score of 701.1 on 30 July 2012 . " ]

[ 0, 1, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "LinkedIn", "Dual_language", "Quandl", "Linkin_Park", "Foreign_Language_Annals" ]

[ "LinkedIn -LRB- -LSB- ˌliŋkt.ˈɪn -RSB- -RRB- is a business - and employment-oriented social networking service that operates via websites and mobile apps . Founded on December 28 , 2002 , and launched on May 5 , 2003 , it is mainly used for professional networking , including employers posting jobs and job seekers posting their CVs . As of 2015 , most of the company 's revenue came from selling access to information about its members to recruiters and sales professionals . As of September 2016 , LinkedIn had more than 467 million accounts , out of which more than 106 million are active . As of April 2017 , LinkedIn had 500 million members in 200 countries . LinkedIn allows members -LRB- both workers and employers -RRB- to create profiles and `` connections '' to each other in an online social network which may represent real-world professional relationships . Members can invite anyone -LRB- whether an existing member or not -RRB- to become a connection . The `` gated-access approach '' -LRB- where contact with any professional requires either an existing relationship or an introduction through a contact of theirs -RRB- is intended to build trust among the service 's members . LinkedIn participated in the EU 's International Safe Harbor Privacy Principles . The site has an Alexa Internet ranking as the 20th most popular website . According to the New York Times , US high school students are now creating LinkedIn profiles to include with their college applications . Based in the United States , the site is , as of 2013 , available in 24 languages , including Arabic , Chinese , English , French , German , Italian , Portuguese , Spanish , Dutch , Swedish , Danish , Romanian , Russian , Turkish , Japanese , Czech , Polish , Korean , Indonesian , Malay , and Tagalog . LinkedIn filed for an initial public offering in January 2011 and traded its first shares on May 19 , 2011 , under the NYSE symbol `` LNKD '' . On June 13 , 2016 , Microsoft announced plans to acquire LinkedIn for $ 26.2 billion . The acquisition was completed on December 8 , 2016 . The transaction resulted in the payment of approximately $ 26.4 billion in cash merger consideration . ", "Dual language is a form of education in which students are taught literacy and content in two languages . The majority of dual language programs in the United States teach in English and Spanish , although increasing numbers of programs use a partner language other than Spanish , such as Arabic , Chinese , French , Hawaiian , Japanese , or Korean . Dual language programs use the partner language for at least half of the instructional day in the elementary years . Dual language programs generally start in kindergarten or first grade and extend for at least five years , although many continue into middle school and high school . There is one higher education -LRB- baccalaureate and masters -RRB- program in Florida . These programs aim for bilingualism -LRB- the ability to speak fluently in two languages -RRB- , biliteracy -LRB- the ability to read and write in two languages -RRB- , academic achievement equal to that of students in non-dual language programs , and cross-cultural competence . Most dual language programs are located in neighborhood public schools , although many are charter , magnet , or private schools . ", "Quandl -LRB- -LSB- ˈkwɑːndəl -RSB- -RRB- is a platform for financial , economic , and alternative data that serves investment professionals . Quandl sources data from over 500 publishers . All Quandl 's data are accessible via an API . API access is possible through packages for multiple programming languages including R , Python , Matlab , Maple -LRB- software -RRB- and Stata . An Excel add-in allows access to data , including stock price information . Quandl 's sources include open data from providers such as the UN , Worldbank and central banks ; core financial data from providers such as CLS Group , Zacks , and ICE ; and alternative data from Dun & Bradstreet , along with numerous confidential sources . ", "Linkin Park is an American rock band from Agoura Hills , California . Formed in 1996 , the band rose to international fame with their debut album Hybrid Theory -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , which was certified diamond by the RIAA in 2005 and multi-platinum in several other countries . Their following studio album Meteora continued the band 's success , topping the Billboard 200 album chart in 2003 , and was followed by extensive touring and charity work around the world . In 2003 , MTV2 named Linkin Park the sixth-greatest band of the music video era and the third-best of the new millennium . Billboard ranked Linkin Park No. 19 on the Best Artists of the Decade chart . In 2012 , the band was voted as the greatest artist of the 2000s in a Bracket Madness poll on VH1 . In 2014 , the band was declared as the Biggest Rock Band in the World Right Now by Kerrang ! . Having adapted nu metal and rap metal to a radio-friendly yet densely layered style in Hybrid Theory and Meteora , the band explored other genres in their next studio album , Minutes to Midnight -LRB- 2007 -RRB- . The album topped the Billboard charts and had the third-best debut week of any album that year . The band continued to explore a wider variation of musical types in their fourth album , A Thousand Suns -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , layering their music with more electronic sounds and beats . Their fifth album , Living Things -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , combines musical elements from all of their previous records . Their sixth album , The Hunting Party -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , returned to a heavier rock sound . Their seventh album One More Light , a more electronic and pop-oriented record , was released on May 19 , 2017 . The band has collaborated with several other artists , including rapper Jay Z in their mashup EP Collision Course , and many others on the remix albums Reanimation and Recharged . Linkin Park has sold over 70 million albums worldwide and has won two Grammy Awards . ", "Foreign Language Annals is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages . It was established in 1967 and covers research on language learning and teaching , focusing primarily on language education for languages other than English . The current editor-in-chief is Leslie L. Schrier -LRB- University of Iowa -RRB- . According to the Journal Citation Reports , the journal has a 2011 impact factor of 0.474 , ranking it 83rd out of 162 journals in the category `` Linguistics '' . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]

[ "Sabbath_in_Christianity", "Sabbath_in_seventh-day_churches", "Criticism_of_Mormon_sacred_texts", "The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints_in_Massachusetts", "The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" ]

[ "Sabbath in Christianity is the inclusion or adoption in Christianity of a Sabbath day . Established within Judaism through Mosaic Law , Christians inherited a Sabbath practice that reflected two great precepts : the commandment to `` remember the sabbath day , to keep it holy '' and God 's blessing of the seventh day -LRB- Saturday -RRB- as a day of rest in the Genesis creation narrative . The first of these provisions was associated in Judaism with the assembly of the people to worship in the Temple in Jerusalem or in synagogues . The position now dominant in Western Christianity is that observance of the Lord 's Day , Sunday , supplanted or superseded the Sabbath commandment in that the former `` celebrated the Christian community 's deliverance from captivity to sin , Satan , and worldly passions , made possible by the resurrection on the first day of the week . '' Early Christians observed the seventh day with prayer and rest , but they also gathered on the first day . By the 4th century , Christians were officially observing the first day , Sunday , as their day of rest , not the seventh . Beginning about the 17th century , a few groups of Protestants arose to take issue with some of the practice of the churches around them , sometimes also questioning the theology that had been so widely accepted throughout 16 centuries . Mostly Sabbatarians , they broke away from their former churches to form communities that followed Sabbath-based practices that differed from the rest of Christianity , often also adopting a more literal interpretation of law , either Christian or Mosaic . A sabbatarian movement within Oriental Orthodoxy began in the 12th century in Ethiopia and gained momentum in the 13th , eventually establishing itself as the norm in that region . The modern Orthodox Tewahedo churches observe a `` two-day Sabbath '' , including both Saturday and Sunday . ", "The seventh-day Sabbath , observed from Friday sunset to Saturday sunset , is an important part of the beliefs and practices of seventh-day churches . These churches emphasize biblical references such as the ancient Hebrew practice of beginning a day at sundown , and the Genesis creation narrative wherein an `` evening and morning '' established a day , predating the giving of the Ten Commandments -LRB- thus the command to `` remember '' the sabbath -RRB- . They hold that the Old and New Testament show no variation in the doctrine of the Sabbath on the seventh day . Saturday , or the seventh day in the weekly cycle , is the only day in all of scripture designated using the term Sabbath . The seventh day of the week is recognized as Sabbath in many languages , calendars , and doctrines , including those of Catholic and Orthodox churches . It is still observed in modern Judaism in relation to Mosaic Law . Catholic , Orthodox , and most Protestant denominations believe the Mosaic Law to be superseded . Yet it is only in the west that some Christians describe the sabbath as being transferred to Sunday , the first day of the week , merged with the day of Christ 's resurrection , forming -LRB- in some traditions -RRB- a `` Christian Sabbath '' . `` Seventh-day Sabbatarians '' are Christians who seek to reestablish the practice of some early Christians who kept the sabbath according to normal Jewish practice . They usually believe that all humanity is obliged to keep the Ten Commandments , including the sabbath , and that keeping all the commandments is a moral responsibility that honors , and shows love towards God as creator , sustainer , and redeemer . Christian seventh-day Sabbatarians , arising from Adventist groups in the Millerite tradition , hold beliefs similar to that tradition that the change of the sabbath was part of a Great Apostasy in the Christian faith . Some of these , most notably the Seventh-day Adventist Church , have traditionally held that the apostate church formed when the Bishop of Rome began to dominate the west and brought heathen corruption and allowed pagan idol worship and beliefs to come in , and formed the Roman Catholic Church , which teaches traditions over Scripture , and to rest from their work on Sunday , instead of Sabbath , which is not in keeping with Scripture . The sabbath is one of the defining characteristics of seventh-day denominations , including Seventh Day Baptists , Seventh-day Adventists , the Seventh-Day Evangelist Church , the Church of God -LRB- 7th Day -RRB- headquartered in Salem , West Virginia , the Church of God -LRB- Seventh Day -RRB- conferences , True Jesus Church , and the United Church of God , among many others . ", "The Latter Day Saints believe that the Book of Mormon is a sacred text with the same divine authority as the Bible . Some Latter Day Saints also recognize the Pearl of Great Price and Doctrine and Covenants as scripture . Religious and scholarly critics outside the Latter Day Saint movement have disputed this view , questioning the traditional narrative of how these books came to light , and the extent to which they describe actual events . They cite research in history , archeology , and other disciplines to support their contentions . ", "As of January 1 , 2011 , The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints reported 24,965 members in four stakes , 51 congregations -LRB- 38 wards and 13 branches -RRB- , one mission , and one temple in Massachusetts . ", "The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints -LRB- the LDS Church or , informally , the Mormon Church -RRB- is a Christian restorationist church that is considered by its members to be the restoration of the original church founded by Jesus Christ . The church is headquartered in Salt Lake City , Utah , and has established congregations and built temples worldwide . According to the church , it has over 70,000 missionaries and a membership of over 15 million . It is ranked by the National Council of Churches as the fourth-largest Christian denomination in the United States . It is the largest denomination in the Latter Day Saint movement founded by Joseph Smith during the period of religious revival known as the Second Great Awakening . Adherents , often referred to as `` Latter-day Saints '' , or , less formally , `` Mormons '' , view faith in Jesus Christ and his atonement as fundamental principles of their religion . LDS theology includes the Christian doctrine of salvation only through Jesus Christ , though LDS doctrines regarding the nature of God and the potential of mankind differ significantly from mainstream Christianity . The church has an open canon which includes four scriptural texts : the Bible -LRB- both Old and New Testaments -RRB- , the Book of Mormon , the Doctrine and Covenants , and the Pearl of Great Price . Other than the Bible , the majority of the LDS canon constitutes revelation spoken by Joseph Smith and recorded by his scribes which includes commentary and exegesis about the Bible , texts described as lost parts of the Bible , and other works believed to be written by ancient prophets . Because of some of the doctrinal differences , some Catholic , Orthodox , and Protestant churches consider the LDS Church to be distinct and separate from mainstream Christianity . Under the doctrine of continuing revelation , Latter-day Saints believe that the church president is a modern-day `` prophet , seer , and revelator '' and that Jesus Christ , under the direction of God the Father , leads the church by revealing his will to its president . The current president is Thomas S. Monson . Individual members of the church believe that they can also receive personal revelation from God in conducting their lives . The president heads a hierarchical structure with various levels reaching down to local congregations . Bishops , drawn from the laity , lead local congregations . Male members , after reaching age 12 , may be ordained to the priesthood , provided they are living the standards of the church . Women do not hold positions within the priesthood , but do occupy leadership roles in some church auxiliary organizations . Both men and women may serve as missionaries , and the church maintains a large missionary program which proselytizes and conducts humanitarian services worldwide . Faithful members adhere to church laws of sexual purity , health , fasting , and Sabbath observance , and contribute ten percent of their income to the church in tithing . In addition , the church teaches sacred ordinances through which adherents make covenants with God , including baptism , confirmation , the sacrament -LRB- holy communion -RRB- , endowment , and celestial marriage -LRB- marriage blessings which extend beyond mortality -RRB- -- all of which are of great significance to church members . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 0, 1 ]

[ "Sabbath_in_Christianity", "Sabbath_in_seventh-day_churches", "Criticism_of_Mormon_sacred_texts", "The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints_in_Massachusetts", "The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" ]

[ "Sabbath in Christianity is the inclusion or adoption in Christianity of a Sabbath day . Established within Judaism through Mosaic Law , Christians inherited a Sabbath practice that reflected two great precepts : the commandment to `` remember the sabbath day , to keep it holy '' and God 's blessing of the seventh day -LRB- Saturday -RRB- as a day of rest in the Genesis creation narrative . The first of these provisions was associated in Judaism with the assembly of the people to worship in the Temple in Jerusalem or in synagogues . The position now dominant in Western Christianity is that observance of the Lord 's Day , Sunday , supplanted or superseded the Sabbath commandment in that the former `` celebrated the Christian community 's deliverance from captivity to sin , Satan , and worldly passions , made possible by the resurrection on the first day of the week . '' Early Christians observed the seventh day with prayer and rest , but they also gathered on the first day . By the 4th century , Christians were officially observing the first day , Sunday , as their day of rest , not the seventh . Beginning about the 17th century , a few groups of Protestants arose to take issue with some of the practice of the churches around them , sometimes also questioning the theology that had been so widely accepted throughout 16 centuries . Mostly Sabbatarians , they broke away from their former churches to form communities that followed Sabbath-based practices that differed from the rest of Christianity , often also adopting a more literal interpretation of law , either Christian or Mosaic . A sabbatarian movement within Oriental Orthodoxy began in the 12th century in Ethiopia and gained momentum in the 13th , eventually establishing itself as the norm in that region . The modern Orthodox Tewahedo churches observe a `` two-day Sabbath '' , including both Saturday and Sunday . ", "The seventh-day Sabbath , observed from Friday sunset to Saturday sunset , is an important part of the beliefs and practices of seventh-day churches . These churches emphasize biblical references such as the ancient Hebrew practice of beginning a day at sundown , and the Genesis creation narrative wherein an `` evening and morning '' established a day , predating the giving of the Ten Commandments -LRB- thus the command to `` remember '' the sabbath -RRB- . They hold that the Old and New Testament show no variation in the doctrine of the Sabbath on the seventh day . Saturday , or the seventh day in the weekly cycle , is the only day in all of scripture designated using the term Sabbath . The seventh day of the week is recognized as Sabbath in many languages , calendars , and doctrines , including those of Catholic and Orthodox churches . It is still observed in modern Judaism in relation to Mosaic Law . Catholic , Orthodox , and most Protestant denominations believe the Mosaic Law to be superseded . Yet it is only in the west that some Christians describe the sabbath as being transferred to Sunday , the first day of the week , merged with the day of Christ 's resurrection , forming -LRB- in some traditions -RRB- a `` Christian Sabbath '' . `` Seventh-day Sabbatarians '' are Christians who seek to reestablish the practice of some early Christians who kept the sabbath according to normal Jewish practice . They usually believe that all humanity is obliged to keep the Ten Commandments , including the sabbath , and that keeping all the commandments is a moral responsibility that honors , and shows love towards God as creator , sustainer , and redeemer . Christian seventh-day Sabbatarians , arising from Adventist groups in the Millerite tradition , hold beliefs similar to that tradition that the change of the sabbath was part of a Great Apostasy in the Christian faith . Some of these , most notably the Seventh-day Adventist Church , have traditionally held that the apostate church formed when the Bishop of Rome began to dominate the west and brought heathen corruption and allowed pagan idol worship and beliefs to come in , and formed the Roman Catholic Church , which teaches traditions over Scripture , and to rest from their work on Sunday , instead of Sabbath , which is not in keeping with Scripture . The sabbath is one of the defining characteristics of seventh-day denominations , including Seventh Day Baptists , Seventh-day Adventists , the Seventh-Day Evangelist Church , the Church of God -LRB- 7th Day -RRB- headquartered in Salem , West Virginia , the Church of God -LRB- Seventh Day -RRB- conferences , True Jesus Church , and the United Church of God , among many others . ", "The Latter Day Saints believe that the Book of Mormon is a sacred text with the same divine authority as the Bible . Some Latter Day Saints also recognize the Pearl of Great Price and Doctrine and Covenants as scripture . Religious and scholarly critics outside the Latter Day Saint movement have disputed this view , questioning the traditional narrative of how these books came to light , and the extent to which they describe actual events . They cite research in history , archeology , and other disciplines to support their contentions . ", "As of January 1 , 2011 , The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints reported 24,965 members in four stakes , 51 congregations -LRB- 38 wards and 13 branches -RRB- , one mission , and one temple in Massachusetts . ", "The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints -LRB- the LDS Church or , informally , the Mormon Church -RRB- is a Christian restorationist church that is considered by its members to be the restoration of the original church founded by Jesus Christ . The church is headquartered in Salt Lake City , Utah , and has established congregations and built temples worldwide . According to the church , it has over 70,000 missionaries and a membership of over 15 million . It is ranked by the National Council of Churches as the fourth-largest Christian denomination in the United States . It is the largest denomination in the Latter Day Saint movement founded by Joseph Smith during the period of religious revival known as the Second Great Awakening . Adherents , often referred to as `` Latter-day Saints '' , or , less formally , `` Mormons '' , view faith in Jesus Christ and his atonement as fundamental principles of their religion . LDS theology includes the Christian doctrine of salvation only through Jesus Christ , though LDS doctrines regarding the nature of God and the potential of mankind differ significantly from mainstream Christianity . The church has an open canon which includes four scriptural texts : the Bible -LRB- both Old and New Testaments -RRB- , the Book of Mormon , the Doctrine and Covenants , and the Pearl of Great Price . Other than the Bible , the majority of the LDS canon constitutes revelation spoken by Joseph Smith and recorded by his scribes which includes commentary and exegesis about the Bible , texts described as lost parts of the Bible , and other works believed to be written by ancient prophets . Because of some of the doctrinal differences , some Catholic , Orthodox , and Protestant churches consider the LDS Church to be distinct and separate from mainstream Christianity . Under the doctrine of continuing revelation , Latter-day Saints believe that the church president is a modern-day `` prophet , seer , and revelator '' and that Jesus Christ , under the direction of God the Father , leads the church by revealing his will to its president . The current president is Thomas S. Monson . Individual members of the church believe that they can also receive personal revelation from God in conducting their lives . The president heads a hierarchical structure with various levels reaching down to local congregations . Bishops , drawn from the laity , lead local congregations . Male members , after reaching age 12 , may be ordained to the priesthood , provided they are living the standards of the church . Women do not hold positions within the priesthood , but do occupy leadership roles in some church auxiliary organizations . Both men and women may serve as missionaries , and the church maintains a large missionary program which proselytizes and conducts humanitarian services worldwide . Faithful members adhere to church laws of sexual purity , health , fasting , and Sabbath observance , and contribute ten percent of their income to the church in tithing . In addition , the church teaches sacred ordinances through which adherents make covenants with God , including baptism , confirmation , the sacrament -LRB- holy communion -RRB- , endowment , and celestial marriage -LRB- marriage blessings which extend beyond mortality -RRB- -- all of which are of great significance to church members . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 0, 1 ]

[ "Ang_Lee", "List_of_works_by_Lee_Kelly", "Waise_Lee", "Lee_Lik-chi", "King_Kong_Lee" ]

[ "Ang Lee OBS -LRB- ; born October 23 , 1954 -RRB- is a Taiwanese film director , screenwriter and producer . Lee 's earlier films , such as The Wedding Banquet , Pushing Hands , and Eat Drink Man Woman explored the relationships and conflicts between tradition and modernity , Eastern and Western . Lee also deals with repressed , hidden emotions in many of his films , including Crouching Tiger , Hidden Dragon ; The Ice Storm ; Hulk ; and Brokeback Mountain . Lee 's work is known for its emotional charge , which critics believe is responsible for his success in offsetting cultural barriers and achieving international recognition . ", "Lee Kelly is an American artist . ", "Waise Lee Chi-hung -LRB- born 19 December 1959 -RRB- is a Hong Kong film and television actor best known for playing the roles of villains and antagonists in various films . ", "Lee Lik-chi -LRB- born May 10 , 1961 -RRB- is a Hong Kong-based actor , film director and screenplay writer . He is best known for his collaborations with Stephen Chow . He is also an active contributor to local education , lecturing and organizing filmmaking programs to students . ", "Not to be confused with King Kong Lam Lee Hsin Chiao , known professionally by his stage name King Kong Lee , is a Taiwanese actor and comedian . He hosted the popular Super Trio series and has played some notable roles in some dramas such as No Regrets as a Japanese general . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Lessons_in_Love", "As_Long_as_You_Love_Me", "Forever_Love", "I_Want_to_Know_What_Love_Is", "Love_in_Our_Time" ]

[ "Lessons in Love may refer to : ", "As Long as You Love Me may refer to : ", "Forever Love may refer to : ", "`` I Want to Know What Love Is '' is a power ballad by the British-American rock band Foreigner . It was released in November 1984 as the lead single from their fifth album , Agent Provocateur . The song hit number one in both the United Kingdom and the United States and is the group 's biggest hit to date . It remains one of the band 's best-known songs and most enduring radio hits , charting in the top 25 in 2000 , 2001 , and 2002 on the Billboard Hot Adult Contemporary Recurrents chart . `` I Want to Know What Love Is '' has continued to garner critical acclaim , and is listed as one of Rolling Stone Magazine 's greatest songs of all time at # 479 . The song is also featured in a number of films . ", "Love in Our Time is a 1968 British film documentary about sex . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Salman_Rushdie", "The_Glass_Room", "Eleanor_Catton", "Arthur_C._Clarke_Award", "Terry_Biddlecombe_Challenge_Trophy" ]

[ "Ahmed Salman Rushdie , FRSL -LRB- -LSB- sælˈmɑːn_ˈrʊʃdi -RSB- अहमद सलमान रुशदी , ; born 19 June 1947 -RRB- is a British Indian novelist and essayist . His second novel , Midnight 's Children -LRB- 1981 -RRB- , won the Booker Prize in 1981 and was deemed to be `` the best novel of all winners '' on two separate occasions , marking the 25th and the 40th anniversary of the prize . Much of his fiction is set on the Indian subcontinent . He combines magical realism with historical fiction ; his work is concerned with the many connections , disruptions , and migrations between Eastern and Western civilizations . His epic fourth novel , The Satanic Verses -LRB- 1988 -RRB- , was the subject of a major controversy , provoking protests from Muslims in several countries . Death threats were made against him , including a fatwā calling for his assassination issued by Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini , the Supreme Leader of Iran , on 14 February 1989 . The British government put Rushdie under police protection . In 1983 Rushdie was elected a fellow of the Royal Society of Literature , the UK 's senior literary organisation . He was appointed Commandeur de l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres of France in January 1999 . In June 2007 , Queen Elizabeth II knighted him for his services to literature . In 2008 , The Times ranked him thirteenth on its list of the 50 greatest British writers since 1945 . Since 2000 , Rushdie has lived in the United States . He was named Distinguished Writer in Residence at the Arthur L. Carter Journalism Institute of New York University in 2015 . Earlier , he taught at Emory University . He was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Letters . In 2012 , he published Joseph Anton : A Memoir , an account of his life in the wake of the controversy over The Satanic Verses . Rushdie was strongly favoured to have received the Nobel Prize in Literature but the Nobel organisers were later quoted as saying that they would have been `` too predictable , too popular . '' ", "The Glass Room , by British author Simon Mawer , was published in 2009 by Other Press in the United States and Little Brown in the United Kingdom . It was shortlisted for the Man Booker Prize in 2009 . ", "Eleanor Catton MNZM -LRB- born 24 September 1985 -RRB- is a Canadian-born New Zealand author . Her second novel , The Luminaries , won the 2013 Man Booker Prize . In January 2015 , she created a short-lived media storm in New Zealand when she made comments in an interview in India in which she was critical of `` neo-liberal , profit-obsessed , very shallow , very money-hungry politicians who do not care about culture . '' ", "The Arthur C. Clarke Award is a British award given for the best science fiction novel first published in the United Kingdom during the previous year . It is named after British author Arthur C. Clarke , who gave a grant to establish the award in 1987 . The book is chosen by a panel of judges from the British Science Fiction Association , the Science Fiction Foundation , and a third organisation , which is the Sci-Fi-London film festival . The award has been described as `` the UK 's most prestigious science fiction prize '' . Any `` full-length '' science fiction novel written or translated into English is eligible for the prize , provided that it was first published in the United Kingdom during the prior calendar year . There is no restriction on the nationality of the author , and the publication history of works outside of the United Kingdom is not taken into consideration . Books must be submitted for consideration by their publishing company and self-published titles are not currently eligible . An official call for entries is issued to UK publishers every year and members of the judging panel and organisation committee also actively call in titles they would like to see submitted . A title must be actively submitted in order to be considered . The judges form a shortlist of six works that they feel are worthy of consideration , from which they select a winning book . The winner receives an engraved bookend and a prize consisting of a number of pounds sterling equal to the current year , such as # 2012 for the year 2012 . Prior to 2001 , the award was # 1000 . During the 31 nomination years , 119 authors have had works nominated , 26 of whom have won . China Miéville has won three times , while Pat Cadigan and Geoff Ryman have won twice ; no other author has won multiple times . Stephen Baxter and Gwyneth Jones have the most nominations at seven , and Baxter has the most nominations without winning . Neal Stephenson has won once out of six nominations ; Ken MacLeod and Kim Stanley Robinson have also been nominated six times . Paul J. McAuley and Miéville have been nominated five times ; McAuley has one win , whereas MacLeod and Robinson have none . __ TOC __ ", "| -RCB- The Terry Biddlecombe Challenge Trophy was a Grade 2 National Hunt chase in England which was open to horses aged five years or older . It was run at Wincanton over a distance of 2 miles and 5 furlongs -LRB- 4,224 metres -RRB- , and was scheduled to take place each year in November . The race was named in honour of the jockey Terry Biddlecombe and was last run in 2004 . It was won by some of the great names in steeplechasing during the eighties , but the races were often uncompetitive with the winner starting long odds-on . The race was awarded Grade 2 status in 1990 , and the following year was renamed the Desert Orchid South Western Pattern Chase . In 1994 the race became a Limited Handicap , although it maintained its Grade 2 status . In its final year it was run as the Desert Orchid Silver Cup , a Class C Handicap , with the Grade 2 status being transferred to the Old Roan Chase at Aintree , run on the same day . " ]

[ 2, 0, 1, 0, 0 ]

[ "Matrix_representation_of_Maxwell's_equations", "Physics", "ISO_31-8", "Concise_Encyclopedia_of_Supersymmetry_and_Noncommutative_Structures_in_Mathematics_and_Physics", "Quantum_thermodynamics" ]

[ "In electromagnetism , a branch of fundamental physics , the matrix representations of the Maxwell 's equations are a formulation of Maxwell 's equations using matrices , complex numbers , and vector calculus . These representations are for a homogeneous medium , an approximation in an inhomogeneous medium . A matrix representation for an inhomogeneous medium was presented using a pair of matrix equations . A single equation using 4 × 4 matrices is necessary and sufficient for any homogeneous medium . For an inhomogeneous medium it necessarily requires 8 × 8 matrices . ", "Physics -LRB- from -LSB- φυσική , phusikḗ -LRB- epistḗmē -RRB- , knowledge of nature -RSB- , from φύσις phúsis `` nature '' -RRB- is the natural science that involves the study of matter and its motion and behavior through space and time , along with related concepts such as energy and force . One of the most fundamental scientific disciplines , the main goal of physics is to understand how the universe behaves . Physics is one of the oldest academic disciplines , perhaps the oldest through its inclusion of astronomy . Over the last two millennia , physics was a part of natural philosophy along with chemistry , biology , and certain branches of mathematics , but during the scientific revolution in the 17th century , the natural sciences emerged as unique research programs in their own right . Physics intersects with many interdisciplinary areas of research , such as biophysics and quantum chemistry , and the boundaries of physics are not rigidly defined . New ideas in physics often explain the fundamental mechanisms of other sciences while opening new avenues of research in areas such as mathematics and philosophy . Physics also makes significant contributions through advances in new technologies that arise from theoretical breakthroughs . For example , advances in the understanding of electromagnetism or nuclear physics led directly to the development of new products that have dramatically transformed modern-day society , such as television , computers , domestic appliances , and nuclear weapons ; advances in thermodynamics led to the development of industrialization , and advances in mechanics inspired the development of calculus . The United Nations named 2005 the World Year of Physics . ", "ISO 31-8 is the part of international standard ISO 31 that defines names and symbols for quantities and units related to physical chemistry and molecular physics . ", "Concise Encyclopedia of Supersymmetry and Noncommutative Structures in Mathematics and Physics is a fundamental authoritative text in specialized areas of contemporary mathematics and physics . This is an English language reference work which consists of around 800 original articles by around 280 scientists under the guidance of 23 Advisory Board members . ", "Quantum thermodynamics is the study of the relations between two independent physical theories : thermodynamics and quantum mechanics . The two independent theories address the physical phenomena of light and matter . In 1905 Einstein argued that the requirement of consistency between thermodynamics and electromagnetism ... : . leads to the conclusion that light is quantized obtaining the relation . This paper is the dawn of quantum theory . In a few decades quantum theory became established with an independent set of rules . Currently quantum thermodynamics addresses the emergence of thermodynamic laws from quantum mechanics . It differs from quantum statistical mechanics in the emphasis on dynamical processes out of equilibrium . In addition there is a quest for the theory to be relevant for a single individual quantum system . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "The_Originals_-LRB-TV_series-RRB-", "The_Americans_-LRB-season_3-RRB-", "Start_Up_-LRB-PBS_TV_series-RRB-", "Dear_Phoebe", "The_Darkest_Knight_-LRB-Pretty_Little_Liars-RRB-" ]

[ "The Originals is an American television series that began airing on The CW on October 3 , 2013 . Created as a spin-off of The Vampire Diaries , the series follows vampire Klaus Mikaelson as he and his family become embroiled in the supernatural politics of New Orleans . On May 10 , 2017 , The CW renewed the series for a fifth season . ", "The third season of the American television drama series The Americans , consisting of 13 episodes , premiered on FX on January 28 , 2015 , and concluded on April 22 , 2015 . The series was renewed for the third season on April 16 , 2014 . ", "Start Up is an national American docu-series television show created by Gary Bredow . The series is produced by Jenny Feterovich and Gary Bredow and is broadcast by PBS , Create TV Network and World Channel . ", "Dear Phoebe is an American sitcom that aired on NBC from September 1954 to April 1955 . The series stars Peter Lawford , and was created and produced by Alex Gottlieb . ", "`` The DArkest Knight '' is tenth episode of the seventh season of the American mystery -- thriller television series Pretty Little Liars . The installment was directed by Arlene Sanford and written by showrunner I. Marlene King and executive producer Maya Goldsmith . It premiered on August 23 , 2016 , on the cable network Freeform . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Two_and_a_Half_Men", "List_of_Two_and_a_Half_Men_characters", "The_Americans_-LRB-season_3-RRB-", "List_of_Ax_Men_episodes", "Fore,_Father" ]

[ "Two and a Half Men is an American television sitcom that originally aired on CBS for twelve seasons from September 22 , 2003 to February 19 , 2015 . Originally starring Charlie Sheen , Jon Cryer , and Angus T. Jones , the series was about a hedonistic jingle writer , Charlie Harper ; his uptight brother Alan ; and Alan 's troublesome son Jake . After Alan divorces , he moves with his son to share Charlie 's beachfront Malibu house and complicates Charlie 's freewheeling life . In 2010 , CBS and Warner Bros. . Television reached a multiyear broadcasting agreement for the series , renewing it through at least the 2011 -- 12 season . In February 2011 , however , CBS and Warner Bros. decided to end production for the rest of the eighth season after Sheen entered drug rehabilitation and made `` disparaging comments '' about the series ' creator and executive producer Chuck Lorre . Sheen 's contract was terminated the following month and he was confirmed not to be returning to the series . Ashton Kutcher was hired to replace him the following season as Walden Schmidt , a billionaire who buys Charlie 's house after his death . In April 2013 , CBS renewed the series for an eleventh season after closing one-year deals with Kutcher and Cryer . Jones , who was attending college , was relegated to recurring status for season 11 , but never made an appearance until the series finale . He was replaced by Jenny -LRB- Amber Tamblyn -RRB- , Charlie 's previously unknown daughter . In March 2014 , CBS renewed the series for a twelfth season , which was later announced to be the series ' last . The season began airing in October 2014 and concluded in February 2015 with the 40-minute series finale `` Of Course He 's Dead '' . The success of the series led to it being the fourth-highest revenue-generating program for 2012 , earning $ 3.24 million an episode . ", "The American sitcom Two and a Half Men , created and executive produced by Chuck Lorre and Lee Aronsohn , premiered on CBS on September 22 , 2003 . The show initially centers on seven characters : brothers Charlie and Alan Harper ; Jake Harper , the dimwitted son of Alan and his first ex-wife ; Judith Harper-Melnick , Alan 's first ex-wife , Herb 's ex-wife , and Jake and Milly 's mother ; Rose , one of Charlie 's previous one night stands who continuously stalks him ; Evelyn Harper , Charlie and Alan 's wealthy , five time widowed , bisexual mother , and Jake 's grandmother ; and last of all , Berta , Charlie 's sharp-tongued housekeeper , who later joins the main cast starting with season two after playing a major recurring role throughout the first season . In season nine , the show is revamped when Charlie is struck and killed by a moving train . Walden Schmidt replaces him as the new owner of the beach house , a recently divorced internet billionaire . In season eleven , Jake moves to Japan and leaves the series , so to replace `` the half-man '' , Charlie 's long-lost-daughter moves into the beach house after looking for her late father . Over time , several supporting characters have been promoted to starring roles : Berta -LRB- season 1 recurring ; season 2 -- 12 regular -RRB- , Charlie and Alan 's -LRB- and later Walden 's -RRB- sharp-tongued housekeeper ; Kandi -LRB- season 3 recurring ; season 4 regular ; season 10 guest -RRB- , one of Charlie 's former one night stands , and later on , Alan 's second ex-wife ; Chelsea -LRB- season 6 recurring ; season 7 regular ; season 9 guest -RRB- , Charlie 's second most notable love interest -LRB- after Rose -RRB- , and ex-fiancée ; Walden Schmidt -LRB- season 9 -- 12 -RRB- , an internet billionaire who buys Charlie 's beach house after his death ; Jenny -LRB- season 11 -- 12 -RRB- , Charlie 's illegitimate daughter from a one-night stand twenty years before ; last of all , Louis -LRB- season 12 -RRB- , the 6-year-old boy that Walden decides to adopt . The show also features numerous supporting characters , each of whom plays a prominent role in a small group of episodes . ", "The third season of the American television drama series The Americans , consisting of 13 episodes , premiered on FX on January 28 , 2015 , and concluded on April 22 , 2015 . The series was renewed for the third season on April 16 , 2014 . ", "The following is a list of episodes of the American reality television series , Ax Men , seen on the History channel . The show was cancelled in 2016 . , 153 episodes of Ax Men have aired . ", "__ NOTOC __ `` Fore , Father '' is the 21st episode from the second season of the FOX animated series Family Guy . It is the 28th episode of the show , the season two finale , and the final episode before the show was officially canceled . It was renewed in 2001 , but yet again canceled in 2002 , before being revived again in 2005 . This episode is rated TV-14 DS . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 0, 0 ]

[ "Baadshah_-LRB-2013_film-RRB-", "Barsaat_Ki_Raat", "Barefooted_Youth", "Kuch_Kuch_Hota_Hai", "Virgin_Snow_-LRB-film-RRB-" ]

[ "For disambiguation , See Baadshah Baadshah -LRB- Emperor -RRB- is a 2013 Telugu action thriller film directed by Sreenu Vaitla . The film was produced by Bandla Ganesh under his Parameswara Art Productions banner . It stars Jr. . NTR and Kajal Aggarwal in the lead roles and is their second film together after Brindavanam . The soundtrack was composed by S. Thaman and this is his second collaboration with Sreenu Vaitla . Cinematography was handled by Jayanan Vincent , R D Rajasekhar and K V Guhan . The film was released worldwide on 5 April 2013 , receiving positive reviews from critics and recorded as Super Hit at the box-office . and was premiered at the Osaka Asian Film Festival 2014 held in Japan . The film was also dubbed into Hindi under the title Rowdy Baadshah by Goldmines TeleFilms . Baadshah released in 1550 Screens worldwide with 1200 Prints . Later , this movie was dubbed into Malayalam , Japanese , and Korean under the same name . ", "Barsaat Ki Raat -LRB- बरसात की रात Translated : ' A Rainy Night ' -RRB- is a 1960 Bollywood film starring Bharat Bhushan , Madhubala , Shyama , Mumtaz Begum and K.N. Singh . It was directed by P. L. Santoshi . This film was released in black-and-white . It became particularly popular for its qawwali songs and was one of the biggest hits at the box-office in 1960 . This is music director Roshan 's first big success ; almost all the film songs became hits . Barsaat Ki Raat was also one of the last films to star celebrated actress Madhubala . ", "Barefooted Youth -LRB- 맨발의 청춘 - Maenbaleui cheongchun -RRB- is a 1964 South Korean film directed by Kim Ki-duk . It is one of the best-known examples of the `` adolescent film '' genre that was popular in South Korea during the 1960s . it was adapted as 1997 television series with Bae Yong-joon and Ko So-young ", "Kuch Kuch Hota Hai -LRB- English : Something Happens -RRB- also known as KKHH , is an Indian Hindi coming-of-age romantic comedy drama film , released in India and the United Kingdom on 16 October 1998 . It was written and directed by Karan Johar , and starred the popular on-screen pair of Shah Rukh Khan and Kajol in their fourth film together . Rani Mukerji featured in a supporting role , while Salman Khan also had an extended-cameo appearance . Sana Saeed , who was featured in a supporting role , made her film debut in this movie . Filmed in India , Mauritius , and Scotland , this was Karan Johar 's directorial debut . One of his goals for the film was to set a new level for style in Hindi cinema . The plot combines two love triangles set years apart . The first half covers friends on a college campus , while the second tells the story of a widower 's young daughter who tries to reunite her dad with his old friend . The film was extremely successful in India and abroad , becoming the highest-grossing Indian film of the year and the third highest-grossing Indian film ever behind Hum Aapke Hain Koun . . ! and Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge . Outside India , the film was the highest grossing Hindi film ever until its record was broken by Karan 's next directorial , Kabhi Khushi Kabhie Gham ... -LRB- 2001 -RRB- . Kuch Kuch Hota Hai received a positive reception from critics , with special praise directed to Kajol 's performance . The soundtrack also became the biggest seller of the year . The film won many major awards including the National Film Award for Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment and the `` Best Film '' honor at the Filmfare Awards , Zee Cine Awards , Screen Awards , and Bollywood Movie Awards . The film won 8 Filmfare Awards and is the only film in history to win all the four acting category awards at the ceremony -LRB- Best Actor , Best Actress , Best Supporting Actor & Best Supporting Actress -RRB- . ", "Virgin Snow -LRB- 첫눈 - Cheotnun , 初雪の恋 ヴァージン ・ スノー - Hatsuyuki no koi -RRB- is a 2007 South Korean film directed by Han Sang-hye and starring Korean actor , Lee Joon-gi and Japanese actress , Aoi Miyazaki . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "Sensitive_Skin_-LRB-UK_TV_series-RRB-", "Skins_-LRB-UK_TV_series-RRB-", "Rich_-LRB-Skins_series_5-RRB-", "Pilot_-LRB-The_Shield-RRB-", "Submission_-LRB-TV_series-RRB-" ]

[ "Sensitive Skin is a BBC television comedy-drama series , produced by Baby Cow Productions for BBC Two . It stars Joanna Lumley and was first broadcast in 2005 , with a second series following in 2007 . Series 1 and 2 have aired on CBC Country Canada . Series 1 aired in Australia on ABC TV in mid-2007 -LRB- repeated 2009 -RRB- . On 16 April 2008 , BBC Video announced a DVD release . Sensitive Skin - The Complete Seasons 1 and 2 -- a 2-disc set including all 12 original episodes from the First and Second Seasons -- would be released on 5 August 2008 . ", "Skins is a British teen drama that follows the lives of a group of teenagers in Bristol , South West England , through the two years of sixth form . Its controversial story-lines have explored issues such as dysfunctional families , mental illness -LRB- such as depression , eating disorders and bipolar disorder -RRB- , adolescent sexuality , gender , substance abuse , death and bullying . Each episode generally focuses on a particular character and the struggles they face in their life . The episodes are named after the featured character . The show was created by father-and-son television writers Bryan Elsley and Jamie Brittain for Company Pictures , and premiered on E4 on 25 January 2007 . The show went on to be a critical success as well as a ratings winner within its target demographic . Over its initial six-year run , Skins proved to be atypical of ongoing drama series in that it replaced its primary cast every two years . Plans for a film spin-off were first discussed in 2009 , but ultimately did not come to fruition . Instead , a specially-commissioned seventh and final series of the show was broadcast in 2013 , featuring some of the cast from its 2007 -- 10 run . The show 's name comes from the cigarette rolling papers known as `` skins '' . Other ventures to expand the brand have included a short-lived North American remake , which aired on MTV in 2011 but was cancelled after one season after advertisers abandoned the series in response to low ratings and the significant controversy which arose over its depiction of teen sexuality . ", "Rich is the second episode of the fifth series of the British teen drama Skins . It first aired on E4 in the UK on 3 February 2011 . The episode focuses on the character Rich Hardbeck -LRB- Alex Arnold -RRB- as he attempts to find a girlfriend , with the help of his friend Grace Blood -LRB- Jessica Sula -RRB- . ", "`` Pilot '' is the first episode of the FX crime drama television series The Shield . It was written by series creator Shawn Ryan , directed by Clark Johnson , and originally aired on March 12 , 2002 . The episode received Emmy Award nominations for both its writing and directing . ", "Submission is an American erotic thriller mini-series created by Jacky St. James and Paul Fishbein , starring Ashlynn Yennie , Justin Berti , Victoria Levine and Skin Diamond . The series premiered on Showtime on 12 May 2016 . " ]

[ 2, 1, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Jean-Jacques_Dessalines", "Marcel_Martinet", "History_of_far-right_movements_in_France", "Henri_Guilbeaux", "Jean-Jacques-Antoine_Caussin_de_Perceval" ]

[ "Jean-Jacques Dessalines -LRB- -LSB- ʒɑ̃ ʒak dɛs.salin -RSB- ; 20 September 1758 -- 17 October 1806 -RRB- was a leader of the Haitian Revolution and the first ruler of an independent Haiti under the 1805 constitution . Initially regarded as governor-general , Dessalines later named himself Emperor Jacques I of Haiti -LRB- 1804 -- 1806 -RRB- . He is regarded as a founding father of Haiti . Dessalines served as an officer in the French army , when the colony was fending off Spanish and British incursions . Later he rose to become a commander in the revolt against France . As Toussaint Louverture 's principal lieutenant , he led many successful engagements , including the Battle of Crête-à-Pierrot . After the betrayal and capture of Toussaint Louverture in 1802 , Dessalines became the leader of the revolution . He defeated a French army at the Battle of Vertières in 1803 . Declaring Haiti an independent nation in 1804 , Dessalines was chosen by a council of generals to assume the office of governor-general . He ordered the 1804 Haiti massacre of the white Haitian minority , resulting in the deaths of between 3,000 and 5,000 people , between February and April 1804 . In September 1804 , he proclaimed himself emperor and ruled in that capacity until being assassinated in 1806 . ", "Marcel Martinet -LRB- Dijon , 22 August 1887 -- Saumur , 18 February 1944 -RRB- was a French pacifist socialist revolutionary militant and a prolétarian writer . ", "The far-right tradition in France finds its origins in the Third Republic with Boulangism and the Dreyfus Affair . The modern `` far right '' or radical right grew out of two separate events of 1889 : the splitting off in the Socialist International of those who chose the nation and the culmination of the `` Boulanger Affair '' , which championed the demands of the former Minister of War General Georges Boulanger . The Dreyfus Affair provided one of the political division lines of France . Nationalism , which had been before the Dreyfus Affair a left-wing and Republican ideology , turned after that to be a main trait of the right-wing and , moreover , of the far right . A new right emerged , and nationalism was reappropriated by the far right who turned it into a form of ethnic nationalism , itself blended with anti-Semitism , xenophobia , anti-Protestantism and anti-Masonry . The Action française , first founded as a review , was the matrix of a new type of counter-revolutionary right-wing , and continues to exist today . During the interwar period , the Action française -LRB- AF -RRB- and its youth militia , the Camelots du Roi , were very active . Far right leagues organized riots . The Organisation armée secrète -LRB- OAS -RRB- was created in Madrid by French military opposed to the independence of Algeria . Jean-Marie Le Pen founded the Front National -LRB- FN -RRB- party in 1972 . At the 1986 legislative elections , the FN managed to obtain 35 seats , with 10 % of the votes . Mark Frederiksen , a French Algeria activist , created in April 1966 a Neo-Nazi group , the FANE -LRB- Fédération d'action nationaliste et européenne , Nationalist and European Federation of Action -RRB- . But in 1978 , Neo-nazi members of the GNR-FANE broke again with the FN . During the 1980s , the National Front managed to gather , under Jean-Marie Le Pen 's leadership , most rival far-right tendencies of France , following a succession of splits and alliances with other , minor parties , during the 1970s . ", "Henri Guilbeaux -LRB- 1885 -- 1938 -RRB- was a French socialist politician . Active in the Zimmerwald Anti-War Movement during World War I . He was a prominent figure of a group of intellectuals who fought in Geneva against the war ; friend of Stefan Zweig , whose poems he translated in French . Zweig nonetheless criticizes him in `` Die Welt von Gestern , '' saying that he `` was not a gifted person '' and that `` I must frankly denominate his literary ability as inconsiderable . His command of language was not more than average ; his education was not profound . His entire power lay in controversy . '' He published a magazine , `` Demain '' , that became a point of reference for all who were against the war . Among the other , on those pages wrote Lenin , Trotsky and Lunacharsky . Because of his political credo and his strong personality , he was judged by default in France and sentenced to death . He could escape in Russia , with the help of Lenin . Became a Communist and was active in the Comintern . Supporter of Trotsky . Pardoned by the French justice , he died , almost forgotten , in Paris . ", "Jean-Jacques-Antoine Caussin de Perceval -LRB- 24 June 1759 -- 29 July 1835 -RRB- was an 18th -- 19th-century French orientalist . " ]

[ 1, 0, 1, 0, 0 ]

[ "Robinson_Crusoe_on_Mars", "Anchises", "22_Kalliope", "Hephaestus_in_popular_culture", "Heracleides_of_Sinope" ]

[ "Robinson Crusoe on Mars is a 1964 independently made American Technicolor science fiction film in Techniscope , produced by Aubrey Schenck , directed by Byron Haskin , that stars Paul Mantee , Victor Lundin , and Adam West . The film was distributed by Paramount Pictures . As the title indicates , it is a science fiction retelling of the classic novel Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe . ", "In Greek mythology , Anchises -LRB- -LSB- ænˈkaɪsiːz -RSB- or -LSB- æŋˈkaɪsiːz -RSB- ; , -LSB- aŋkʰi͜ísɛ͜ɛs -RSB- -RRB- was the son of Capys and Themiste -LRB- daughter of Ilus , who was son of Tros -RRB- . He was the father of Aeneas and a member of the royal family of Troy . His major claim to fame in Greek mythology is that he was a mortal lover of the goddess Aphrodite -LRB- and in Roman mythology , the lover of Venus -RRB- . One version is that Aphrodite pretended to be a Phrygian princess and seduced him . She later revealed herself and informed him that they would have a son named Aeneas . Aphrodite had warned him that if he boasted of the affair , he would be blasted by the thunderbolt of Zeus . He did not heed her warning and was struck with a thunderbolt , which in different versions either blinds him or kills him . The principal early narrative of Aphrodite 's seduction of Anchises and the birth of Aeneas is the Homeric Hymn to Aphrodite . According to the Bibliotheca , Anchises and Aphrodite had another son , Lyrus , who died childless . He later had a mortal wife named Eriopis , according to the scholiasts , and he is credited with other children beside Aeneas and Lyrus . Homer , in the Iliad , mentions a daughter named Hippodameia , their eldest -LRB- `` the darling of her father and mother '' -RRB- , who married her cousin Alcathous . After the defeat of Troy in the Trojan War , the elderly Anchises was carried from the burning city by his son Aeneas , accompanied by Aeneas ' wife Creusa , who died in the escape attempt , and small son Ascanius . The subject is depicted in several paintings , including a famous version by Federico Barocci in the Galleria Borghese in Rome . The rescue is also mentioned in a speech in Shakespeare 's Julius Caesar when Cassius attempts to persuade Brutus to murder Caesar . Anchises himself died and was buried in Sicily many years later . Aeneas later visited Hades and saw his father again in the Elysian Fields . Homer 's Iliad mentions another Anchises , a wealthy native of Sicyon in Greece and father of Echepolus . ", "22 Kalliope is a large M-type asteroid from the asteroid belt discovered by J. R. Hind on November 16 , 1852 . It is named after Calliope , the Greek Muse of epic poetry . It is orbited by a small moon named Linus . ", "Hephaestus makes many appearances in popular culture . Hephaestus participates in a story science fiction duology Ilium/Olympos by Dan Simmons . Hephaestus crafts a mechanical replica of the owl Bubo in the 1981 film Clash of the Titans . Hephaestus plays a role in the 2010 video game God of War III and is voiced by actor Rip Torn ; he assists protagonist Kratos by providing him with new weapons , the electrically based Nemesis Whip , but betrays Kratos and in turn is killed by him in an attempt to keep him away from his created daughter Pandora . He also created the weapon , the Gauntlet of Zeus , that appears in the 2008 video game God of War : Chains of Olympus . In the God of War novel -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , it is revealed that he created Kratos ' Blades of Chaos in Tartarus -LRB- the original video game only said that Ares had them forged in Tartarus but did not state who forged them -RRB- . In Diablo II , the player has to kill Hephasto the Armorer in order to complete a quest . Hephaestus appears in several episodes of the TV series Hercules : The Legendary Journeys and Xena : Warrior Princess . He is portrayed by the actors Julian Garner and Jason Hoyte . Hephaestus appears in the Pastoral Symphony segment of the 1940 Disney film Fantasia . He is shown forging thunderbolts for Zeus to throw at Dionysus . However , while Zeus kept his Greek name , the animators referred to Hephaestus and Dionysus by their Roman names , Vulcan and Bacchus . Hephaestus appeared in the 1997 Disney movie , Hercules and the animated series based on it , as one of the gods upon Mount Olympus and the brother of Hercules . He is shown to be engaged to Aphrodite and hates it when Hades flirts with her . Hephaestus appears in Justice League Unlimited Hephaestus appears in the fourth book in the Percy Jackson and the Olympians series , The Battle of the Labyrinth and in the Heroes of Olympus series , `` The Lost Hero '' as the father of Leo Valdez . In these series , his workshop is shown to have moved from Mount Aetna to Mount St. Helens . In John C. Wright 's Titans of Chaos , Hephaestus -LRB- Mulciber -RRB- is one of the powerful gods who attends the conference on what to do with the children ; he offers Amelia a job as part of their plan to split the children up . Vulcan appears in The Apotheosis of Washington , producing a cannon and a steam engine . Hephaestus was also visited by German adventurer Baron Munchausen . This visit was also pictured in 1988 film `` The Adventures of Baron Munchausen '' by Terry Gilliam . In the 2012 film `` Wrath of the Titans '' , Hephaestus is played by Bill Nighy . He is , in the film , credited with the creation of Tartarus and the forging of the weapons of the gods . In Homestuck Hephaestus is the denizen , a sort of final boss , in Land of Heat and Clockwork . It is assumed that he is the denizen of all time-players . In the video game Smite Hephaestus appears in-game under his Roman name Vulcan , he is a playable god whose role is a mage . He also has a prosthetic left leg and right hand , in reference to both his lameness from mythology and his own ingenuity and peerless craftsmanship . In David Weber 's Honorverse , Hephaestus is the name of the Star Kingdom of Manticore 's primary orbital warship construction and repair platform . In its 2013 Expansion -LRB- based on Greek and Roman Mythology -RRB- entitled Theros , Magic , The Gathering paralleled Hephaestus with the creature card `` Purphoros , God of the Forge '' mimicking his hammer as well . Hephaestus is a main character in the novel The Automation by the anonymous author `` B.L.A. and G.B. Gabbler . '' The other characters also call him Vulcan on occasion . Hephaestus is an important god in the light novel Is It Wrong to Try to Pick Up Girls in a Dungeon ? and is the leader of the smith familia . This incarnation has been gender swapped . ", "Heracleides of Sinope was a writer of ancient Greece . Under this name we possess a Greek epigram in the Greek Anthology . It is not improbable that two other epigrams are likewise his productions , though his native place is not mentioned there . He seems to have been a poet of some celebrity , as Diogenes Laërtius mentions him as ἐπιγραμμάτων ποιητὴς λιγυρός . Diogenes Laërtius mentions fourteen persons of this name . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "Antigua_and_Barbuda", "Antigua", "All_Saints,_Antigua_and_Barbuda", "List_of_companies_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda", "Index_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda-related_articles" ]

[ "Antigua and Barbuda -LRB- -LSB- ænˈtiːɡə_ənd_bɑːrˈbjuːdə -RSB- ;-RRB- is a twin-island country in the Americas , lying between the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean . It consists of two major inhabited islands , Antigua and Barbuda , and a number of smaller islands -LRB- including Great Bird , Green , Guinea , Long , Maiden and York Islands and further south , the island of Redonda -RRB- . The permanent population numbers about 81,800 -LRB- at the 2011 Census -RRB- and the capital and largest port and city is St. John 's , on Antigua . Separated by a few nautical miles , Antigua and Barbuda are in the middle of the Leeward Islands , part of the Lesser Antilles , roughly at 17 ° N of the equator . The country 's name was given by Christopher Columbus in 1493 after discovering the island , in honor of the Virgin of La Antigua in the Seville Cathedral . The country is nicknamed `` Land of 365 Beaches '' due to the many beaches surrounding the islands . Its governance , language , and culture have all been strongly influenced by the British Empire , of which the country was formerly a part . ", "Antigua -LRB- -LSB- ænˈtiːɡə -RSB- -RRB- , also known as Waladli or Wadadli by the native population , is an island in the West Indies . It is one of the Leeward Islands in the Caribbean region and the main island of the country of Antigua and Barbuda . Antigua and Barbuda became an independent state within the Commonwealth of Nations on 1 November 1981 . Antigua means `` ancient '' in Spanish after an icon in Seville Cathedral , `` Santa Maria de la Antigua '' -- St. Mary of the Old Cathedral . The name Waladli comes from the indigenous inhabitants and means approximately `` our own '' . The island 's circumference is roughly 87 km and its area 281 km2 . Its population was 80,161 -LRB- at the 2011 Census -RRB- . The economy is mainly reliant on tourism , with the agricultural sector serving the domestic market . Over 32,000 people live in the capital city , St. John 's , at . The capital is situated in the north-west and has a deep harbour which is able to accommodate large cruise ships . Other leading population settlements are All Saints -LRB- 3,412 -RRB- and Liberta -LRB- 2,239 -RRB- , according to the 2001 census . English Harbour on the south-eastern coast is famed for its protected shelter during violent storms . It is the site of a restored British colonial naval station called `` Nelson 's Dockyard '' after Captain Horatio Nelson . Today English Harbour and the neighbouring village of Falmouth are internationally famous as a yachting and sailing destination and provisioning centre . During Antigua Sailing Week , at the end of April and beginning of May , the annual world-class regatta brings many sailing vessels and sailors to the island to play sports . ", "All Saints is the second largest town in Antigua and Barbuda , with a population of 3,412 . It is located in the middle of Antigua , at . Just 5 miles SE of here is the capital , St. John 's . Within the vicinity of the town is Betty 's Hope , the first large-scale sugarcane plantation in Antigua . Betty 's Hope was built in 1674 by Sir Christopher Codrington , the namesake of Codrington , and was named for his daughter , Elizabeth Codrington . The only remaining structures are two stone sugar mills and the remains of the stillhouse , though its important role in Antigua 's history has inspired its government to turn it into an open-air museum . The area around All Saints is known for its traditional pottery . Potter 's Village , a nearby settlement , is named after it . ", "Antigua and Barbuda is a twin-island country in the Americas , lying between the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean . It consists of two major inhabited islands , Antigua and Barbuda , and a number of smaller islands -LRB- including Great Bird , Green , Guinea , Long , Maiden and York Islands and further south , the island of Redonda -RRB- . The permanent population numbers about 81,800 -LRB- at the 2011 Census -RRB- and the capital and largest port and city is St. John 's , on Antigua . Tourism dominates the economy , accounting for more than half of the Gross Domestic Product -LRB- GDP -RRB- . Antigua is famous for its many luxury resorts . Investment banking and financial services also make up an important part of the economy . ", "The following is an alphabetical list of topics related to the nation of Antigua and Barbuda . " ]

[ 2, 1, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "Akon", "Locked_Up_-LRB-song-RRB-", "List_of_awards_and_nominations_received_by_iKon", "Loreen_discography", "One_Dance" ]

[ "Aliaume Damala Badara Akon Thiam -LRB- born April 16 , 1973 -RRB- , better known as Akon -LRB- pronounced -LSB- ˈeɪkɒn -RSB- -RRB- , is an American singer , rapper , songwriter , businessman , record producer and actor of Senegalese descent . He rose to prominence in 2004 following the release of `` Locked Up '' , the first single from his debut album Trouble . He has since founded two successful record labels , Konvict Muzik and Kon Live Distribution . His second album , Konvicted received three nominations for the Grammy Awards in two categories , Best Contemporary R&B Album for Konvicted album and Best Rap/Sung Collaboration for `` Smack That '' and `` I Wan na Love You '' . He is the first solo artist to hold both the number one and two spots simultaneously on the Billboard Hot 100 charts twice . Akon has had four songs certified as 3 × platinum , three songs certified as 2 × platinum , more than ten songs certified as 1 × platinum and more than ten songs certified as gold in digital sales . Akon has sung songs in other languages including Tamil , Hindi , and Spanish . He was listed by the Guinness Book of World Records as the # 1 selling artist for master ringtones in the world . Akon often provides vocals as a featured artist and is currently credited with over 300 guest appearances and more than 35 Billboard Hot 100 songs . He has worked with numerous performers such as Michael Jackson , Eminem , Snoop Dogg , Whitney Houston , Bone Thugs-N-Harmony , and Gwen Stefani . He has had five Grammy Awards nominations and has produced songs for artists such as Lady Gaga , Colby O'Donis , Kardinal Offishall , Leona Lewis , and T-Pain . Forbes ranked Akon 80th -LRB- Power Rank -RRB- in Forbes Celebrity 100 in 2010 and 5th in 40 Most Powerful Celebrities in Africa list , in 2011 . Billboard ranked Akon No. 6 on the list of Top Digital Songs Artists of the decade . ", "`` Locked Up '' is the debut single by American singer Akon , taken as the lead single from his debut studio album , Trouble . The single was released in 2004 , peaking at # 8 on the Billboard Hot 100 . Outside the United States , `` Locked Up '' peaked within the top 10 of the charts in the Republic of Ireland and the United Kingdom . ", "This is a list of awards and nominations received by iKon , a South Korean boy band formed in 2015 by YG Entertainment . After their successful debut in 2015 , the group won best new artist in Mnet Asian Music Awards , MelOn Music Awards , Seoul Music Awards , Golden Disk Awards and Gaon Chart K-Pop Awards . In 2016 the group focused their activities in Japan and China , which led them win best new artist in Japan Record Award and QQ Music Awards . ", "The discography of Loreen , a Swedish pop music singer-songwriter , consists of one studio album and ten singles . Loreen first appeared as a featured artist on Freestyle 's single `` Vill ha dig '' in 2004 , following her appearance on Idol . Loreen returned to the public eye when she took part in Melodifestivalen 2011 with the song `` My Heart Is Refusing Me '' , which she co-wrote with Moh Denebi and Björn Djupström . The single had commercial success in Sweden , entering the top 10 , peaking at number nine . She followed this with the release of `` Sober '' which gave her a second top 30 hit in Sweden , charting at number twenty-six . Her major breakthrough occurred after her appearance at the Eurovision Song Contest 2012 which she won with her single `` Euphoria '' . The song charted at number one in seventeen countries , including her native Sweden , Germany and Russia . The single also charted top 3 in the United Kingdom and Spain . The song also received success outside of Europe ; it charted in Australia and Japan . Loreen re-released `` My Heart Is Refusing Me '' as her worldwide second single . The song was considerably less successfully and charted in a handful of countries only . Meanwhile , in Sweden she released an exclusive single -- `` Crying Out Your Name '' which became her fourth top 30 hit , charting at number nineteen after release in October 2012 . `` We Got the Power '' marked Loreen 's third worldwide single and appears in the reissue of Loreen 's debut album Heal . In Sweden it charted at number fifty-two . ", "`` One Dance '' is a song by Canadian rapper Drake from his fourth studio album , Views -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . It features guest vocals from Nigerian Afrobeat artist Wizkid and British singer Kyla . The artists co-wrote the dancehall and afrobeat song with its co-producers Nineteen85 , DJ Maphorisa , and Noah `` 40 '' Shebib , with production assistance from Wizkid . Crazy Cousinz and Kyla also received songwriting credits for the sampling of their 2008 UK funky song `` Do You Mind '' . `` One Dance '' was released for digital download on April 5 , 2016 and was serviced to US urban , rhythmic , and contemporary hit radio on April 12 , 2016 . `` One Dance '' was released shortly after the release date for Views was announced , alongside `` Pop Style '' . `` One Dance '' was the first of three dancehall singles to be released from Views , along with `` Controlla '' and `` Too Good '' . `` One Dance '' reached number one in 15 countries , including Australia , Canada , France , Germany , Ireland , the Netherlands , New Zealand , Switzerland , the United Kingdom , and the United States , becoming Drake 's first number-one single in all 15 countries as the lead artist . It topped the US Billboard Hot 100 for 10 non-consecutive weeks and the UK Singles Chart for 15 consecutive weeks , making it the joint-second longest consecutive number one in the country . Featured artist Wizkid became the first Nigerian artist to top the US Billboard Hot 100 chart . `` One Dance '' became the second dancehall song of 2016 to top the Billboard Hot 100 after Rihanna 's `` Work '' which also featured Drake . On September 7 , 2016 , Billboard named `` One Dance '' the 2016 Song of the Summer . As of December 2016 , it has sold 2 million copies in the US , thus being the fifth-best-selling song of the year . For Apple Music it was the best performing song of the year . On October 15 , 2016 , `` One Dance '' became the most played song ever on streaming media service Spotify , with over one billion individual streams , overtaking the previous record held by Major Lazer and DJ Snake 's `` Lean On '' . `` One Dance '' was the best-performing single worldwide of 2016 and is one of the best-selling of all-time . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Castlevania_-LRB-1986_video_game-RRB-", "Castlevania", "Fate/stay_night", "Kaze_no_Klonoa-COLON-_Moonlight_Museum", "Appleseed_XIII" ]

[ "Castlevania , known in Japan as , is an action-platformer video game developed and published by Konami for the Family Computer Disk System video game console in Japan in September 1986 . It was ported to cartridge format and released in North America for the Nintendo Entertainment System -LRB- NES -RRB- in May 1987 followed by a European release in 1988 . The game takes place in the year 1691 where players control Simon Belmont who is tasked with defeating the vampire Dracula . It was re-released for the Family Computer -LRB- FC -RRB- in cartridge format in 1993 . It is the first game in Konami 's Castlevania video game series ; it was followed by two more NES games titled Castlevania II : Simon 's Quest -LRB- released for the NES in 1988 -RRB- and Castlevania III : Dracula 's Curse -LRB- 1989 -RRB- . A fourth game , retelling the events of the original , was released for the Super NES and titled Super Castlevania IV . Castlevania was positively received and financially successful . It is considered an NES classic by PC World , while Nintendo Power and Game Informer ranked it in their best video games list -LRB- at 22 and 48 respectively -RRB- . IGN ranked it 19 among their favourite NES games . ", "Castlevania , also known in Japanese as , is a series of dark fantasy-themed action-adventure video games created and developed by Konami , centered on the Belmont family , a clan of vampire hunters , and their fight with Dracula . The series debuted in Japan on September 26 , 1986 , with the release for the Family Computer Disk System -LRB- FDS -RRB- , followed by an alternate version for the MSX2 platform on October 30 . Although the MSX 2 port -LRB- localized in Europe and Brazil as Vampire Killer -RRB- was released first outside Japan , the series did not receive wide attention outside Japan until the FCD version was ported to cartridge format for the Nintendo Entertainment System and localized for North American and European releases of Castlevania in 1987 and 1988 , respectively . The earliest games were side scrolling platform games . Castlevania : Symphony of the Night marked a change in the series which focused more on exploration than straight forward platforming . Along with Super Metroid , it popularized the metroidvania genre . The first two 3D titles in the series were on the N64 in 1999 . The Metroidvania style game was continued in six titles for the Gameboy Advance and Nintendo DS from 2001 to 2008 . 2003 and 2005 saw the release of Lament of Innocence and Curse of Darkness , two 3D action games for the Playstation 2 . In 2010 saw the release of Castlevania : Lords of Shadow , a reboot of the series featuring 3D action and developed not in Japan , but by Spanish devs . The sequel in 2014 remains the last official Castlevania title . The Castlevania titles have been released on various platforms , from early systems including the Nintendo Entertainment System to modern consoles . It has also been released for Pocket PCs , emulators and mobile phones . ", "is a Japanese visual novel developed by Type-Moon , which was originally released as an adult game for Windows . A version of Fate/stay night rated for ages 15 and up titled Fate/stay night Réalta Nua -LRB- Irish for `` new stars '' -RRB- , which features the Japanese voice actors from the anime series , was released for the PlayStation 2 and later for download on Windows as a trilogy covering the three main story lines . Réalta Nua is also ported to the PlayStation Vita . On October 28 , 2005 , Type-Moon released a sequel to Fate/stay night , titled Fate/hollow ataraxia . Its plot is set half a year after the events of Fate/stay night . A manga series adaptation by Datto Nishiwaki was serialized in Kadokawa Shoten 's Shōnen Ace magazine between the February 2006 and December 2012 issues . In 2007 , the manga was licensed for an English-language release in North America by Tokyopop . A 24-episode anime series created by Studio Deen aired in Japan between January and June 2006 . Sentai Filmworks has licensed the television series and re-released the series on DVD and for the first time on Blu-ray Disc . A film adaptation by Studio Deen was released in Japanese theaters on January 23 , 2010 . A second anime television series , Fate/stay night : Unlimited Blade Works , was produced by Ufotable and aired between October 2014 and June 2015 . Three consecutive films have also been announced which adapt the Heaven 's Feel route of the visual novel . A series of light novels titled Fate/Zero , set as a prequel to Fate/stay night , were produced from 2006 to 2007 , with an anime adaptation by Ufotable airing between October 2011 and June 2012 . A spin-off magical girl manga series , Fate/kaleid liner Prisma Illya , began serialization in 2012 and has received multiple anime television series . Three fighting games have been released : Fate/unlimited codes for arcades and PlayStation 2 , Fate/tiger colosseum and its sequel Fate/tiger colosseum Upper for PSP . A PSP RPG titled Fate/Extra was released on July 22 , 2010 , and a sequel and companion game , Fate/Extra CCC , was released on March 28 , 2013 . An online RPG titled Fate/Grand Order was released on Android on July 29 , 2015 , followed by an August 12 release on iOS ; an anime film adaptation by Lay-duce was released on December 31 , 2016 . ", "is a video game developed and published by Namco and released in Japan for the Bandai WonderSwan in 1999 . As Klonoa 's first handheld adventure , it was the first game in the series to place him in a fully two-dimensional world , and established the system that his Game Boy Advance titles later used . ", "is a 2011 Japanese CGI anime adaptation of Masamune Shirow 's science fiction manga series Appleseed . Composed of 13 episodes , the series retold the exploits of ES.W.A.T . member Deunan and her cyborg partner Briareos . The series was produced by Production I.G and under the direction of Takayuki Hamana with Junichi Fujisaku as script supervisor . All 13 episodes were compiled into two feature-length films . The first feature film titled was announced by Shochiku and released on June 13 , 2011 . The second film , was released on October 24 , 2011 . A North American release of the TV series was released in June 2013 . It was licensed by Funimation . " ]

[ 2, 2, 1, 0, 0 ]

[ "Independent_Spirit_Awards", "Black_Reel_Awards_of_2001", "Spirit_House_-LRB-album-RRB-", "2007_Soul_Train_Music_Awards", "Eye_of_God_-LRB-film-RRB-" ]

[ "The Film Independent Spirit Awards -LRB- abbreviated `` Spirit Awards '' and originally known as the FINDIE or Friends of Independents Awards -RRB- , founded in 1984 , are awards dedicated to independent filmmakers . Winners were typically presented with acrylic glass pyramids containing suspended shoestrings representing the paltry budgets of independent films . In 1986 , the event was renamed the Independent Spirit Awards . Since 2006 , winners have received a trophy depicting a bird with its wings spread sitting atop of a pole with the shoestrings from the previous design wrapped around the pole . Now called the Film Independent Spirit Awards , the show is produced by Film Independent , the non-profit arts organization whose mission is to champion creative independence in visual storytelling and support a community of artists who embody diversity , innovation and uniqueness of vision . Film Independent Members vote to determine the winners of the Spirit Awards . The awards show is held inside a tent on the beach in Santa Monica , California , usually on the day before the Academy Awards -LRB- since 1999 ; originally the Saturday before -RRB- . The show is broadcast live on the IFC network , as well as Hollywood Suite in Canada and A&E Latin America . The 32nd Independent Spirit Awards ceremony , hosted by Nick Kroll and John Mulaney , was broadcast live on IFC on Saturday , February 25 at 2p/5e with an on-demand version available on Sundance Now . ", "The 2001 Black Reel Awards , which annually recognize and celebrate the achievements of black people in feature , independent and television films , took place in Washington , D.C. on February 12 , 2001 . Love & Basketball swept the awards , picking up six trophies during the evening . The Corner followed very closely behind with five awards . ", "Spirit House is an album by American jazz saxophonist Jemeel Moondoc , which was recorded live in 2000 at the Magic Triangle Jazz Series organized by the University of Massachusetts Amherst and released on the Eremite label . It was the debut recording by the Jus Grew Orchestra , a large ensemble founded by Moondoc in the early 80s . He learned the conduction techniques from Butch Morris , who was the original conductor of the band . ", "The 2007 Soul Train Music Awards were held on March 10 , 2007 at the Pasadena Civic Auditorium in Pasadena , California and was hosted by LeToya Luckett and Omarion . The awards ceremony was televised on March 17 and 24 on cable TV . The ceremony included a performance by Jennifer Hudson , Hudson also received the Entertainer of the Year award . Other performers included , were Robin Thicke , LeToya Luckett , Rick Ross and Ronald Isley , also a special tribute to the God Father of Soul , James Brown . ", "Eye of God is a 1997 crime film directed by Tim Blake Nelson . It stars Martha Plimpton . Nelson won best director in the American Independent Award for the Seattle International Film Festival in 1997 and Bronze Award in the 1997 Tokyo International Film Festival . He was also nominated for the Someone to Watch Award in the 1998 Independent Spirit Awards and Grand Jury Prize at the 1997 Sundance Film Festival . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 1, 1 ]

[ "Alfred_P._Murrah_Federal_Building", "Executive_Tower_-LRB-Washington,_D.C.-RRB-", "C.F._Haynsworth_Federal_Building_and_United_States_Courthouse", "Ted_Weiss_Federal_Building", "Chancellors_Hotel_&_Conference_Centre" ]

[ "The Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building was a United States federal government complex located at 200 N.W. 5th Street in Downtown Oklahoma City , Oklahoma , United States . It was the target of the Oklahoma City bombing on April 19 , 1995 9:02 am , which killed 168 people , 19 of whom were children under the age of six . Half of the building collapsed seconds after the truck bomb detonated . The remains were imploded a month after the attack , and the Oklahoma City National Memorial was built on the site . ", "Executive Tower -LRB- Washington , D.C. -RRB- is a high-rise skyscraper building located in the United States capital of Washington , D.C. Its construction was completed in 2001 . It rises to 153 ft , featuring 12 floors . The architect of the building was Hellmuth , Obata & Kassabaum . ", "The C.F. Haynsworth Federal Building and United States Courthouse , formerly known as the U.S. Post Office and Courthouse , is a historic civic building at 300 East Washington Street in Greenville , South Carolina . It is named for jurist Clement Haynsworth . It is a three story building , clad in limestone with granite trim , resting on a brick foundation . It was designed by Eric Kebbon and built in 1937 with funding from the federal Public Works Administration , and was designed to house the local post office and federal court facilities . It continues to perform these functions , also housing other federal offices . The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2014 . ", "The Ted Weiss Federal Building , also known as the Foley Square Federal Building , is a 34-story United States Federal Building located at 290 Broadway in Foley Square in the Civic Center district of Lower Manhattan , New York City . The building , which is adjacent to the African Burial Ground National Monument , was opened in 1995 . The building is named for Ted Weiss , deceased Democratic member of the United States House of Representatives from New York . The building houses the Internal Revenue Service , Environmental Protection Agency , and the General Accounting Office . ", "Chancellors Hotel & Conference Centre -LRB- formerly named The Firs -RRB- , is a Grade II listed mansion in Fallowfield , Manchester , England The house was built in 1850 for Sir Joseph Whitworth , by Edward Walters , who was also responsible for Manchester 's Free Trade Hall . The house was surrounded by a 52 acre estate . Whitworth used The Firs mainly as a social , political and business base , entertaining radicals of the age such as John Bright , Richard Cobden , William Forster and T. H. Huxley at the time of the Reform Bill of 1867 . Whitworth , credited with raising the art of machine-tool building to a previously unknown level , supported the new Mechanics Institute in Manchester -- the birthplace of UMIST -- and helped to found the Manchester School of Design . To the rear of Chancellors , on the site of the Firs Botanical Gardens belonging to The University of Manchester , Whitworth had a shooting range -- now the site of the University 's horticultural glasshouses -- on which he tested his famous but unsuccessful Whitworth gun featuring a rifled barrel . In 1882 , having built a new house in Darley Dale , Whitworth leased The Firs to his friend C.P. Scott , editor of the Manchester Guardian . After Scott 's death the house became the property of the University of Manchester , and was the Vice-Chancellor 's residence until 1991 . The house was converted into a hotel and re-opened as the western wing of Chancellors Hotel & Conference Centre in 1997 . Today the house is surrounded by five and a half acres of gardens . " ]

[ 0, 2, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "Elizabeth_Olsen", "Elizabeth_Norberg-Schulz", "Joyce_Heron", "Beth_Henley", "Lauren_Chase" ]

[ "Elizabeth Chase `` Lizzie '' Olsen -LRB- born February 16 , 1989 -RRB- is an American actress . She is known for her roles in the films Silent House -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , Liberal Arts -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , Godzilla -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , Avengers : Age of Ultron -LRB- 2015 -RRB- and Captain America : Civil War -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . For her role in the critically acclaimed Martha Marcy May Marlene -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , she was nominated for numerous awards including the Independent Spirit Award for Best Female Lead . She is the younger sister of actresses and fashion designers Mary-Kate Olsen and Ashley Olsen . ", "Elizabeth Norberg-Schulz -LRB- born 27 January 1959 , Oslo -RRB- is a Norwegian/Italian operatic soprano . ", "Elizabeth Joyce Heron -LRB- 6 November 1916 -- 1 April 1980 -RRB- was a British stage , film and television actress . She was a West End stage star from 1937 , and was married to the actor Ralph Michael . ", "Elizabeth Becker `` Beth '' Henley -LRB- born May 8 , 1952 -RRB- is an award-winning American playwright , screen writer , and actress . Her play , Crimes of the Heart won the 1981 Pulitzer Prize for Drama , as well as the 1981 New York Drama Critics ' Circle Award for Best American Play , and a nomination for a Tony Award . Her screenplay for Crimes of the Heart was nominated for an Oscar as Best Adapted Screenplay . ", "Lauren Chase is an American actress most notably recognized for her role as Lady Elizabeth Peale on NBC 's soap opera Santa Barbara . She portrayed the role from 1984 to 1985 . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 0 ]

[ "Pocahontas", "Powhatan_-LRB-Native_American_leader-RRB-", "Pocahontas,_Missouri", "Semakookiro_of_Buganda", "Savages_-LRB-Pocahontas_song-RRB-" ]

[ "Pocahontas -LRB- born Matoaka , known as Amonute , 1596 -- 1617 -RRB- was a Native American woman notable for her association with the colonial settlement at Jamestown , Virginia . Pocahontas was the daughter of Powhatan , the paramount chief of a network of tributary tribal nations in the Tsenacommacah , encompassing the Tidewater region of Virginia . In a well-known historical anecdote , she is said to have saved the life of a captive of the Native Americans , the Englishman John Smith , in 1607 by placing her head upon his own when her father raised his war club to execute him . Some historians have suggested that this story , as told by Smith , is untrue . Pocahontas was captured by the English during Anglo-Indian hostilities in 1613 , and held for ransom . During her captivity , she converted to Christianity and took the name Rebecca . When the opportunity arose for her to return to her people , she chose to remain with the English . In April 1614 , she married tobacco planter John Rolfe , and in January 1615 , bore their son , Thomas Rolfe . In 1616 , the Rolfes traveled to London . Pocahontas was presented to English society as an example of the `` civilized savage '' in hopes of stimulating investment in the Jamestown settlement . She became something of a celebrity , was elegantly fêted , and attended a masque at Whitehall Palace . In 1617 , the Rolfes set sail for Virginia , but Pocahontas died at Gravesend of unknown causes . She was buried in a church in Gravesend in the United Kingdom , but the exact location of her grave is unknown . Numerous places , landmarks , and products in the United States have been named after Pocahontas . Her story has been romanticized over the years , and she is a subject of art , literature , and film . Many famous people have claimed to be among her descendants through her son Thomas , including members of the First Families of Virginia , First Lady Edith Wilson , American Western actor Glenn Strange , and astronomer Percival Lowell . ", "Powhatan -LRB- June 17 , 1545 -- April 1618 -RRB- , whose proper name was Wahunsenacawh -LRB- alternately spelled Wahunsenacah , Wahunsunacock or Wahunsonacock -RRB- , was the paramount chief of Tsenacommacah , an alliance of Algonquian-speaking Virginia Indians in the Tidewater region of Virginia at the time English settlers landed at Jamestown in 1607 . Powhatan , alternately called `` King '' or `` Chief '' Powahatan by the English , led the main political and military power facing the early colonists , was probably the older brother of Opechancanough , who led attacks against the English in 1622 and 1644 . He was the father of Pocahontas , who eventually converted to Christianity and married the English settler John Rolfe . ", "Pocahontas is a village in Cape Girardeau County , Missouri , United States . The population was 114 at the 2010 census . It is part of the Cape Girardeau -- Jackson , MO-IL Metropolitan Statistical Area . ", "Semakookiro , also spelled as Ssemakookiro , whose full name is Semakookiro Wasajja Nabbunga , was Kabaka of the Kingdom of Buganda , from 1797 until 1814 . He was the twenty-seventh -LRB- 27th -RRB- Kabaka of Buganda . ", "`` Savages '' is a song from the 1995 Disney animated film Pocahontas . It addresses themes of othering , xenophobia , and genocide . The song has been negatively received by critics , with some deeming it to be racist , arguing that it encourages the listener to dehumanise Native Americans . " ]

[ 2, 1, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Jimi_Hendrix", "Paratrooper", "The_Cry_of_Love_Tour", "Frank_Ackerman_Hill", "Robert_B._Williams" ]

[ "James Marshall `` Jimi '' Hendrix -LRB- born Johnny Allen Hendrix ; November 27 , 1942 -- September 18 , 1970 -RRB- was an American rock guitarist , singer , and songwriter . Although his mainstream career spanned only four years , he is widely regarded as one of the most influential electric guitarists in the history of popular music , and one of the most celebrated musicians of the 20th century . The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame describes him as `` arguably the greatest instrumentalist in the history of rock music '' . Born in Seattle , Washington , Hendrix began playing guitar at the age of 15 . In 1961 , he enlisted in the U.S. Army and trained as a paratrooper in the 101st Airborne Division ; he was granted an honorable discharge the following year . Soon afterward , he moved to Clarksville , Tennessee , and began playing gigs on the Chitlin ' Circuit , earning a place in the Isley Brothers ' backing band and later with Little Richard , with whom he continued to work through mid-1965 . He then played with Curtis Knight and the Squires before moving to England in late 1966 after being discovered by Linda Keith , who in turn interested bassist Chas Chandler of the Animals in becoming his first manager . Within months , Hendrix had earned three UK top ten hits with the Jimi Hendrix Experience : `` Hey Joe '' , `` Purple Haze '' , and `` The Wind Cries Mary '' . He achieved fame in the U.S. after his performance at the Monterey Pop Festival in 1967 , and in 1968 his third and final studio album , Electric Ladyland , reached number one in the U.S. ; it was Hendrix 's most commercially successful release and his first and only number one album . The world 's highest-paid performer , he headlined the Woodstock Festival in 1969 and the Isle of Wight Festival in 1970 before his accidental death from barbiturate-related asphyxia on September 18 , 1970 , at the age of 27 . Hendrix was inspired musically by American rock and roll and electric blues . He favored overdriven amplifiers with high volume and gain , and was instrumental in utilizing the previously undesirable sounds caused by guitar amplifier feedback . He helped to popularize the use of a wah-wah pedal in mainstream rock , and was the first artist to use stereophonic phasing effects in music recordings . Holly George-Warren of Rolling Stone commented : `` Hendrix pioneered the use of the instrument as an electronic sound source . Players before him had experimented with feedback and distortion , but Hendrix turned those effects and others into a controlled , fluid vocabulary every bit as personal as the blues with which he began . '' Hendrix was the recipient of several music awards during his lifetime and posthumously . In 1967 , readers of Melody Maker voted him the Pop Musician of the Year , and in 1968 , Rolling Stone declared him the Performer of the Year . Disc and Music Echo honored him with the World Top Musician of 1969 and in 1970 , Guitar Player named him the Rock Guitarist of the Year . The Jimi Hendrix Experience was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1992 and the UK Music Hall of Fame in 2005 . Rolling Stone ranked the band 's three studio albums , Are You Experienced , Axis : Bold as Love , and Electric Ladyland , among the 100 greatest albums of all time , and they ranked Hendrix as the greatest guitarist and the sixth greatest artist of all time . ", "Paratroopers are military parachutists -- military personnel trained in parachuting into an operation and usually functioning as part of an airborne force . Military parachutists -LRB- troops -RRB- and parachutes were first used on a large scale during World War II for troop distribution and transportation . Paratroopers are often used to seize strategic objectives such as airfields or bridges . ", "The Cry of Love Tour was a concert tour by American rock singer-songwriter and guitarist Jimi Hendrix , which ran from April 25 to September 6 , 1970 , in the United States and Europe . The tour turned out to be the last on which Hendrix performed before his death in September , and featured many songs that he was working on for his double album First Rays of the New Rising Sun . Though the band did not feature original bassist Noel Redding , the trio of Hendrix , Mitch Mitchell -LRB- drums -RRB- and Billy Cox -LRB- bass -RRB- was often billed as `` The Jimi Hendrix Experience '' . ", "Frank Ackerman Hill -LRB- March 20 , 1919 -- January 5 , 2012 -RRB- was an American veteran who served in the U.S. Army Air Corps and the U.S. Air Force . He primarily taught himself to fly gliders as early as 1937 . He flew 166 combat missions during World War II , fighting in France , North Africa , Sicily , and Italy . During his career he served as the senior air instructor for the New York Air National Guard , served as director of operations at Air Defense Command in Colorado , and was commander of the 33rd Air Division in Virginia . His decorations include the Silver Star , the Distinguished Flying Cross , the Air Medal with 19 Oak Leaf Clusters , the Legion of Merit with two Oak Leaf Clusters , and five Air Force Commendation Medals . In 1969 , he retired at the rank of Colonel . In 1992 , he was inducted into the New Jersey Aviation Hall of Fame . ", "Robert Boyd Williams -LRB- November 9 , 1901 -- February 10 , 1977 -RRB- was a major general in the United States Army Air Forces and an eminent combat commander during World War II . He personally led the B-17 raid on the Schweinfurt ball-bearing factories on 17 August 1943 , the first large-scale deep penetration bombing raid on Germany . He was also an important personage in the training of heavy bombardment units both before and after his combat tour . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Saw_II", "Walt_Disney_Treasures-COLON-_Wave_Four", "See_You_in_Jail", "Guarded", "Gifts_-LRB-song-RRB-" ]

[ "Saw II is a 2005 American horror film , a sequel to 2004 's Saw and the second installment in the seven-part Saw franchise , directed and co-written by Darren Lynn Bousman . Co-written with series creator Leigh Whannell , it stars Donnie Wahlberg , Franky G , Glenn Plummer , Beverley Mitchell , Dina Meyer , Emmanuelle Vaugier , Erik Knudsen , Shawnee Smith , and Tobin Bell . The film features Jigsaw being apprehended by the police , but trapping the arresting officer in one of his own games while showing another game of eight people -- including the officer 's son -- in progress on TV monitors at another location . It also explores some of John Kramer 's backstory , providing a partial explanation of his reason for becoming Jigsaw . After the financial success of Saw , a sequel was immediately green-lit . Leigh Whannell and James Wan were busy preparing for their next film and were unable to write or direct . Bousman wrote a script called The Desperate before Saw was released and was looking for a producer but many studios rejected it . Hoffman received the script and showed it to his partners Mark Burg and Oren Koules . It was decided that , with some changes , it could be made into Saw II . Whannell became available to provide rewrites of the script . The film was given a larger budget and was shot from May to June 2005 in Toronto . Saw II was released on October 28 , 2005 and , despite mixed reviews from critics , was a financial success , with opening takings of $ 31.9 million and grossing $ 88 million in the United States and Canada . It has remained the highest grossing Saw film in those countries . Bell was nominated for `` Best Villain '' at the 2006 MTV Movie Awards for his role as Jigsaw in the film . Saw II was released to DVD on and topped charts its first week , selling more than 3 million units . At the time , it was the fastest-selling theatrical DVD in Lionsgate 's history . It was followed by Saw III which released October 2006 . ", "The fourth wave of Walt Disney Treasures was released December 7 , 2004 . This is the only wave that comes in White cases , and is the final wave that is in double DVD cases . Starting with this wave , the side strap was replaced with seal wrap with stickers and the back was no longer printed on the tin but included as a card glued to the back . ", "See You in Jail is a 1927 silent film comedy directed by Joseph Henabery and starring Jack Mulhall . The film was produced by Ray Rocket and distributed through First National Pictures . ", "`` Guarded '' is a song by the American heavy metal band Disturbed . The song was released on June 28 , 2005 as a promotional single from their third studio album , Ten Thousand Fists . It was the first single featuring their new bassist John Moyer . `` Guarded '' is featured in the soundtrack of the film Saw III . ", "`` Gifts '' is the second single from Ray J 's album All I Feel . The video was released on June 12 , 2008 . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Jed_Whedon", "Marty_Willson-Piper", "Matthew_Lillard", "Jack_Fritscher", "Paula_Robison" ]

[ "Jed Tucker Whedon -LRB- born July 18 , 1974 -RRB- is an American screenwriter and musician , and the son of screenwriter Tom Whedon , grandson of screenwriter John Whedon , and the brother of screenwriter Zack Whedon and producer/director/writer Joss Whedon . ", "Marty Willson-Piper is an English guitarist and singer best known as a long-time member of the Australian psychedelic rock band The Church . While he was not a founding member of the band , he joined in 1980 after seeing an early gig where they were performing as a three-piece . He was an integral member of the band for over 30 years . He was also the guitarist for the English alternative rock band All About Eve from 1991 to 1993 and again from 1999 to 2002 . He is currently working with Swedish progressive rock band Anekdoten . ", "Matthew Lyn Lillard -LRB- born January 24 , 1970 -RRB- is an American actor , voice actor , director , and producer . He is known for his roles as Stu Macher in Scream , Stevo in SLC Punk ! , Chip in Serial Mom , and Shaggy Rogers in the live-action Scooby-Doo . He has also voiced Shaggy in various Scooby-Doo media since 2010 . ", "Jack Fritscher is an American author , novelist , magazine journalist , photographer , videographer , university professor , and social activist known internationally for his fiction and non-fiction analyses of popular culture . As a pre-Stonewall activist he was an out and founding member of the American Popular Culture Association . Fritscher is the founding San Francisco editor-in-chief of Drummer Magazine . Among literary peers Edmund White , Felice Picano , Andrew Holleran , Ethan Mordden , and Rita Mae Brown , Fritscher was the first born . ", "Paula Robison -LRB- born June 8 , 1941 -RRB- is a flutist and music teacher . Robison was recognized early as one of the great solo flutists of her generation , at a time when few if any had careers outside an orchestra . Her broad education , however , developed in the highly cultivated and morally conscious family environment she grew up in and in her training with outstanding teachers , has given her a passion for theater , dance , and all the arts , as well as a humanistic perspective on music and the instrument she plays . Ms. Robison puts this to work in her teaching and in her collaborative work with contemporary music groups like Argento New Music and in museum contexts . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Konidela_Production_Company", "Red_Chillies_Entertainment", "Tujhe_Nahin_Chhodunga", "Ram_Charan", "Dheeraj_Kumar" ]

[ "Konidela Production Company is an Indian film production company established by actor Ram Charan , son of Chiranjeevi . ", "Red Chillies Entertainment -LRB- RCE -RRB- founded in 2002 , is an Indian motion picture production , distribution and a premier visual effects company based in the city of Mumbai . The company was founded in 2002 by Bollywood actor Shah Rukh Khan and his wife Gauri Khan . It was transformed from the now defunct Dreamz Unlimited . Red Chillies Entertainment has formed a full-fledged film studio in India . The studio 's activities span across creative development , production , marketing , distribution , licensing , merchandising and syndication of films in India and worldwide . Apart from film production , RCE has a visual effects studio known as Red Chillies VFX . The company also has a 49 % stake in the Indian Premier League cricket team Kolkata Knight Riders . Sanjiv Chawla was the former CEO of the company , while Gauri Khan serves as a producer . In February 2013 , Venky Mysore , the CEO of Kolkata Knight Riders took over additional responsibility as chief of Red Chillies Entertainment as well . ", "Tujhe Nahin Chhodunga is a 1989 Bollywood film produced by Abdul Sattar Khan and directed by Iqbal Khan and starring Akbar Khan , Shekhar Suman , Swapna , Suresh Oberoi , Shafi Inamdar , Amrish Puri and Zeenat Aman . ", "Ram Charan is an Indian film actor , dancer , producer , businessman and entrepreneur , who works in Telugu cinema . He won two Nandi Awards , two South Filfare awards , two CineMAA Awards , and two Santosham Best Actor Awards . Charan is one of the highest paid actors in Tollywood . In 2016 , he established his production house called Konidela Production Company . ", "Dheeraj Kapoor is an Indian actor , television producer and director . He started Creative Eye Limited , a television production house in 1986 . He acted in both Bollywood and Punjabi movies , including Sargam -LRB- 1979 -RRB- , Roti Kapada Aur Makaan -LRB- 1974 -RRB- and Beharoopia -LRB- 1971 -RRB- . " ]

[ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Salman_Rushdie", "Timeri_N._Murari", "Baharistan-i-shahi", "Piers_Moore_Ede", "Durdane_series" ]

[ "Ahmed Salman Rushdie , FRSL -LRB- -LSB- sælˈmɑːn_ˈrʊʃdi -RSB- अहमद सलमान रुशदी , ; born 19 June 1947 -RRB- is a British Indian novelist and essayist . His second novel , Midnight 's Children -LRB- 1981 -RRB- , won the Booker Prize in 1981 and was deemed to be `` the best novel of all winners '' on two separate occasions , marking the 25th and the 40th anniversary of the prize . Much of his fiction is set on the Indian subcontinent . He combines magical realism with historical fiction ; his work is concerned with the many connections , disruptions , and migrations between Eastern and Western civilizations . His epic fourth novel , The Satanic Verses -LRB- 1988 -RRB- , was the subject of a major controversy , provoking protests from Muslims in several countries . Death threats were made against him , including a fatwā calling for his assassination issued by Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini , the Supreme Leader of Iran , on 14 February 1989 . The British government put Rushdie under police protection . In 1983 Rushdie was elected a fellow of the Royal Society of Literature , the UK 's senior literary organisation . He was appointed Commandeur de l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres of France in January 1999 . In June 2007 , Queen Elizabeth II knighted him for his services to literature . In 2008 , The Times ranked him thirteenth on its list of the 50 greatest British writers since 1945 . Since 2000 , Rushdie has lived in the United States . He was named Distinguished Writer in Residence at the Arthur L. Carter Journalism Institute of New York University in 2015 . Earlier , he taught at Emory University . He was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Letters . In 2012 , he published Joseph Anton : A Memoir , an account of his life in the wake of the controversy over The Satanic Verses . Rushdie was strongly favoured to have received the Nobel Prize in Literature but the Nobel organisers were later quoted as saying that they would have been `` too predictable , too popular . '' ", "Timeri Murari is an Indian novelist , journalist , playwright and screenwriter . He is the author of fourteen published novels , including best-sellers The Taliban Cricket Club -LRB- 2012 -RRB- and Taj -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , and has written extensively for Indian and international newspapers including The Guardian . He has also written the screenplay of the award-winning Hindi movie Daayraa -LRB- 1997 -RRB- , which was voted one of the ten best films of 1997 by Time magazine . He adapted and directed it as a stage play , The Square Circle , at the Leicester Haymarket Theatre in November 1999 , starring Parminder Nagra . His latest novel is called Chanakya Returns . ", "Baharistan-i-shahi is a chronicle of medieval Kashmir . The Persian manuscript was written by an anonymous author , presumably in 1614 . The work was translated into English by Kashinath Pandit -LRB- Punjab University , Teheran University -RRB- , former director at the Center of Central Asian Studies at the University of Kashmir . ", "Piers Moore Ede is a British born writer , with a travel book Honey and Dust published by Bloomsbury in 2004 . Born in 1975 , he was educated at Winchester College , Exeter University and the University of California , Santa Cruz . While living in San Francisco he was involved in a hit and run accident , during the recovery from which he conceived of his first travel book , a global adventure in search of wild honey . Honey and Dust documents his search for wholeness , while looking for the last of the tribes that still hunt wild honey in jungles and cliffs . He visits Bedouin tribesman in the Syrian desert , Gurung mountain people in Nepal , the Veddhas or Wild Men in Sri Lanka , and even a rooftop beekeeper on the skyscrapers of Manhattan . Honey and Dust won the non fiction category of the DH Lawrence prize , and was nominated for the Jeremy Round first book award with the British Guild of Food Writers . His second book All Kinds of Magic was published by Bloomsbury in 2010 , recounting a journey round India in search of mystical experience . Drawing comparisons to In Search of Sacred India by Paul Brunton this modern spiritual travelogue was praised by Tahir Shah , Justine Hardy and Isabel Losada and includes a visit to the Ramana Maharshi ashram in Tiruvanamalai , India . He is also a photographer and blues guitarist , and holds regular exhibitions of his work in London . ", "The Durdane series is a trilogy of science fiction books written by Jack Vance between 1971 and 1973 , and detail the political and social adventures of Gastel Etzwane on the world Durdane . The trilogy , as a whole , portrays the rise of Gastel Etzwane from common boy , to the autocrat The Anome , and finally , as a saviour of his world against the alien Asutra of the third book . The three books in the trilogy are , in reading order : The Anome The Brave Free Men The Asutra " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Web_page", "Dynamic_web_page", "Web-to-print", "Web_usability", "World_Wide_Web" ]

[ "A web page , or webpage , is a document that is suitable for the World Wide Web and web browsers . A web browser displays a web page on a monitor or mobile device . The web page is what displays , but the term also refers to a computer file , usually written in HTML or comparable markup language . Web browsers coordinate the various web resource elements for the written web page , such as style sheets , scripts , and images , to present the web page . Typical web pages provide hypertext that includes a navigation bar or a sidebar menu to other web pages via hyperlinks , often referred to as links . On a network , a web browser can retrieve a web page from a remote web server . On a higher level , the web server may restrict access to only a private network such as a corporate intranet or it provides access to the World Wide Web . On a lower level , the web browser uses the Hypertext Transfer Protocol -LRB- HTTP -RRB- to make such requests . A static web page is delivered exactly as stored , as web content in the web server 's file system , while a dynamic web page is generated by a web application that is driven by server-side software or client-side scripting . Dynamic website pages help the browser -LRB- the client -RRB- to enhance the web page through user input to the server . ", "A server-side dynamic web page is a web page whose construction is controlled by an application server processing server-side scripts . In server-side scripting , parameters determine how the assembly of every new web page proceeds , including the setting up of more client-side processing . A client-side dynamic web page processes the web page using HTML scripting running in the browser as it loads . JavaScript and other scripting languages determine the way the HTML in the received page is parsed into the Document Object Model , or DOM , that represents the loaded web page . The same client-side techniques can then dynamically update or change the DOM in the same way . A dynamic web page is then reloaded by the user or by a computer program to change some variable content . The updating information could come from the server , or from changes made to that page 's DOM . This may or may not truncate the browsing history or create a saved version to go back to , but a dynamic web page update using Ajax technologies will neither create a page to go back to , nor truncate the web browsing history forward of the displayed page . Using Ajax technologies the end user gets one dynamic page managed as a single page in the web browser while the actual web content rendered on that page can vary . The Ajax engine sits only on the browser requesting parts of its DOM , the DOM , for its client , from an application server . DHTML is the umbrella term for technologies and methods used to create web pages that are not static web pages . Client-side-scripting , server-side scripting , or a combination of these make for the dynamic web experience in a browser . ", "Web-to-print , also known as Web2Print , remote publishing or print e-commerce is a broad term that refers to the practice of doing print business using web sites . Companies and software solutions that deal in web-to-print often bleed into more standard e-commerce and online services like hosting , website design , and cross medial marketing . The growing popularity of the internet and the World Wide Web has opened up opportunities for commercial printers to communicate with their partners and customers to do things like submit print jobs , do online prepress reviews/previews , design things like postcards directly on a website using rich user interfaces , direct cross media marketing and offer services such as variable data printing , photo printing , booklets , marketing campaigns , etc. . Web-to-print sites are available for commercial users or to the general public . A common offering from print houses is public or private online storefronts or catalogues . Web-to-print increasingly calls for a Portable Document Format -LRB- PDF -RRB- workflow environment with output provided by digital printing ; although there is certainly no requirement that fulfillment be accomplished using digital production equipment ; web-to-print is also used today by printers with both offset and digital production facilities . Prepress reviews can be done online , allowing a print house , a client , and possibly a graphic designer to create , edit , and approve computer-based online artwork . Some web-to-print sites offer online print products that replace editing tools like Adobe InDesign where buyers can author work and alter the typeface , copy , images , and layout . These products often include a library of templates for product types , such as post cards , posters , flyers etc. . It is frequently possible for clients to upload their own unique content for automated print production . This may be termed Ad Hoc printing . When a digital press is used for the final output , the template usually is transformed into a PDF file that serves as the ` master plate ' for the digital press . In more traditional printing processes , like offset printing , the template is used to create a plate or plates that are used to produce the final printed product . Web-to-print sites often provide approval mechanism so that managers can approve print requests by their employees . Materials produced by a web-to-print process include business cards , brochures , and stationery , among other printed matter , that can be printed in full color or in black and white on various papers and on various presses . Web-to-print systems are also expanding to handle personalization and distribution of other marketing materials such as presentations , seminars , logo items , and even email and other electronic media . This change is driven by enterprise clients seeking a single repository/tool to manage all marketing efforts including print . ", "Web usability is the ease of use of a website . Some broad goals of usability are the presentation of information and choices in a clear and concise way , a lack of ambiguity and the placement of important items in appropriate areas . Another important element of web usability is ensuring that the content works on various devices and browsers . Another concern for usability is ensuring that the website is appropriate for all ages and genders . The idea of Usability is centered on the concept of making the interface of the website more user-friendly . Some of the common aspects of Usability are -- simplicity , consistency , familiarity , clarity , credibility , relevancy and accessibility . The focus is to make users feel at ease and remove all the bottlenecks from the conversion path so that users do n't have to deal with any inconvenience while browsing or purchasing a product online . ", "The World Wide Web -LRB- abbreviated WWW or the Web -RRB- is an information space where documents and other web resources are identified by Uniform Resource Locators -LRB- URLs -RRB- , interlinked by hypertext links , and can be accessed via the Internet . English scientist Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web in 1989 . He wrote the first web browser computer program in 1990 while employed at CERN in Switzerland . The Web browser was released outside of CERN in 1991 , first to other research institutions starting in January 1991 and to the general public on the Internet in August 1991 . The World Wide Web has been central to the development of the Information Age and is the primary tool billions of people use to interact on the Internet . Web pages are primarily text documents formatted and annotated with Hypertext Markup Language -LRB- HTML -RRB- . In addition to formatted text , web pages may contain images , video , audio , and software components that are rendered in the user 's web browser as coherent pages of multimedia content . Embedded hyperlinks permit users to navigate between web pages . Multiple web pages with a common theme , a common domain name , or both , make up a website . Website content can largely be provided by the publisher , or interactive where users contribute content or the content depends upon the user or their actions . Websites may be mostly informative , primarily for entertainment , or largely for commercial , governmental , or non-governmental organisational purposes . In the 2006 Great British Design Quest organised by the BBC and the Design Museum , the World Wide Web was voted among the top 10 British design icons . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 1 ]

[ "Nawaz_Sharif", "Pir_Sabir_Shah", "Mohammad_Nawaz", "Mumtaz_Qadri", "Munaza_Hassan" ]

[ "Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif , is a Pakistani politician who is the 20th and current Prime Minister of Pakistan , in office since June 2013 . He has previously also served as the Prime Minister from 1990 to 1993 and from 1997 to 1999 . Born on 25 December 1949 into Sharif family in Lahore , he is the son of Ittefaq and Sharif Group founder Muhammad Sharif , and the elder-brother of three-time elected Punjab Chief Minister , Shehbaz . Sharif studied business at Government College and later law at the University of Punjab before entering politics in the later 1970s . In 1981 , Sharif was appointed by the military government as the Minister of Finance for the province of Punjab . Backed by a loose coalition of conservatives , he was elected as the Chief Minister of Punjab in 1985 and re-elected after the end of martial law in 1988 . In 1990 , Sharif led a conservative alliance to victory , leading him to become the Prime Minister . Later it was blamed that the election was rigged in favor of Sharif by the Pakistani intelligence through channeling millions of rupees into his election campaign . It should be noted that Sharif has an approximate net worth of 20.55 billion USD , as of 2017 . Sharif 's first administration came to an end when then President Ghulam dismissed Sharif on corruption charges . Sharif successfully challenged the dismissal in the Supreme Court , but both men were ultimately persuaded to step down in 1993 by army chief Waheed . Sharif 's second term also saw tussles with the judiciary and the military . Sharif also forcibly relieved General Karamat from command and replaced him with Musharraf in 1998 . However , Kargil War deteriorated his relations with Musharraf . When he attempted to relieve Musharraf from his command on 12 October 1999 , the military instead ousted Sharif 's government , exiling him to Saudi Arabia . In 2013 elections , Sharif 's Muslim League formed a coalition government . As a result , Sharif was elected Prime Minister by Parliament . On security front , in 2015 the military launched an offensive to remove extremist groups in northwestern Pakistan and another paramilitary offensive in 2017 . Sharif 's third term is also underpinned by social centrism rather than the social conservatism , which guided his prior two terms . Sharif 's third term has brought macroeconomic stability with the help of substantial loans from IMF , and signed multi-billion investment deals with China . However , has faced criticism over rising sovereign debt , which has risen by 35 % . Sharif 's family has come under trial over Panama Papers . ", "Syed Muhammad Sabir Shah or more commonly as Pir Sabir Shah is a Pakistani politician from the Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan . He served as the 18th Chief Minister of the province from 20 October 1993 to 25 February 1994 . ", "Mohammad or Muhammad Nawaz may refer to : Mohammad Nawaz -LRB- cricketer , born 1970 -RRB- , Pakistani first-class cricketer for Faisalabad and Sargodha Mohammad Nawaz -LRB- cricketer , born 1974 -RRB- , Pakistani first-class cricketer for Faisalabad and Hyderabad Mohammad Nawaz -LRB- cricketer , born 1994 -RRB- , Pakistani first-class cricketer for Rawalpindi and Quetta Gladiators Mohammad Nawaz -LRB- Karachi cricketer -RRB- , Pakistani first-class cricketer for Karachi and Port Qasim Mohammad Nawaz Sharif , Pakistani politician and three times elected Prime Minister Muhammad Nawaz -LRB- general -RRB- , Pakistani general Muhammad Nawaz Bhatti , Pakistani judge Muhammad Nawaz Khan -LRB- politician -RRB- , Pakistani politician Muhammad Nawaz Khan -LRB- writer -RRB- , Pakistani writer Muhammad Nawaz Abbasi , former Pakistani judge ", "Malik Mumtaz Hussain Qadri -LRB- 1985 -- 29 February 2016 -RRB- , better known as Mumtaz Qadri , was a Pakistani policeman and Islamic fundamentalist . He served as a commando of the Elite Police and in the squad of personal bodyguards of former Governor of Punjab Salmaan Taseer until , on 4 January 2011 , he assassinated Taseer for speaking in favor of blasphemy-convicted Asia Bibi and against the blasphemy law . He was convicted by the Islamabad High Court , sentenced to death and hanged in February 2016 . ", "Munaza Hassan is a Pakistani politician who is currently a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Akon", "Locked_Up_-LRB-song-RRB-", "Scion_of_Ikshvaku", "Amon_Miyamoto", "Best-COLON-_Third_Universe" ]

[ "Aliaume Damala Badara Akon Thiam -LRB- born April 16 , 1973 -RRB- , better known as Akon -LRB- pronounced -LSB- ˈeɪkɒn -RSB- -RRB- , is an American singer , rapper , songwriter , businessman , record producer and actor of Senegalese descent . He rose to prominence in 2004 following the release of `` Locked Up '' , the first single from his debut album Trouble . He has since founded two successful record labels , Konvict Muzik and Kon Live Distribution . His second album , Konvicted received three nominations for the Grammy Awards in two categories , Best Contemporary R&B Album for Konvicted album and Best Rap/Sung Collaboration for `` Smack That '' and `` I Wan na Love You '' . He is the first solo artist to hold both the number one and two spots simultaneously on the Billboard Hot 100 charts twice . Akon has had four songs certified as 3 × platinum , three songs certified as 2 × platinum , more than ten songs certified as 1 × platinum and more than ten songs certified as gold in digital sales . Akon has sung songs in other languages including Tamil , Hindi , and Spanish . He was listed by the Guinness Book of World Records as the # 1 selling artist for master ringtones in the world . Akon often provides vocals as a featured artist and is currently credited with over 300 guest appearances and more than 35 Billboard Hot 100 songs . He has worked with numerous performers such as Michael Jackson , Eminem , Snoop Dogg , Whitney Houston , Bone Thugs-N-Harmony , and Gwen Stefani . He has had five Grammy Awards nominations and has produced songs for artists such as Lady Gaga , Colby O'Donis , Kardinal Offishall , Leona Lewis , and T-Pain . Forbes ranked Akon 80th -LRB- Power Rank -RRB- in Forbes Celebrity 100 in 2010 and 5th in 40 Most Powerful Celebrities in Africa list , in 2011 . Billboard ranked Akon No. 6 on the list of Top Digital Songs Artists of the decade . ", "`` Locked Up '' is the debut single by American singer Akon , taken as the lead single from his debut studio album , Trouble . The single was released in 2004 , peaking at # 8 on the Billboard Hot 100 . Outside the United States , `` Locked Up '' peaked within the top 10 of the charts in the Republic of Ireland and the United Kingdom . ", "Scion of Ikshvaku is a fantasy book by Indian author Amish Tripathi , released on 22 June 2015 . It is based on Ram , the legendary Indian king regarded as an incarnation of Vishnu . The title was revealed by the author at the Jaipur Literature Festival . The story begins with King Dashrath of Ayodhya being defeated in a war by Lankan trader Raavan , and the birth of his son Ram . It follows through Ram 's childhood and tutelage , along with the politics surrounding his ascension to the throne , and ultimately his 14-year exile , accompanied by wife Sita and brother Lakshman . ", "Amon Miyamoto -LRB- 宮本亜門 , born January 4 , 1958 in Tokyo -RRB- is a Japanese director of musicals , operas , plays , kabuki and other art genres . He has directed over 110 productions -LRB- incl . revivals -RRB- worldwide , and 2017 marks his 30th anniversary as a director . Miyamoto made his directing debut with his original musical I Got Merman , winning the National Performing Arts Festival Award . In 2004 , he became the first Asian director on Broadway for his staging of the musical Pacific Overtures which received four Tony Award nominations . He made his North American opera-directing debut in 2007 with Tan Dun 's TEA : A Mirror of Soul -LRB- U.S. premiere -RRB- at the Santa Fe Opera . In Europe , he directed Mozart 's The Magic Flute at Landestheater Linz in Austria in 2013 . He served as the inaugural Artistic Director of Kanagawa Arts Theater -LRB- KAAT -RRB- from 2010 to 2014 . He is a recipient of the Matsuyo Akimoto Award of the Asahi Performing Arts Awards . ", "Best : Third Universe -LRB- stylized as BEST ～ third universe ～ -RRB- is the third greatest hits album by Japanese recording artist Kumi Koda . It was released as a double album with her eighth studio album Universe on February 3 , 2010 by Rhythm Zone . The greatest hits album includes singles between May 2006 `` Koi no Tsubomi '' and her December 2008 single `` Stay with Me '' , with a bonus disc with newly recorded material . As a double album , it was released in four different formats ; a two album bundle , a two album and DVD bundle , a two album first pressing bundle , and a two album digital release . A fifth format was released , but only featured the compilation . Upon its release , Best : Third Universe was met with generally positive reviews from music critics , many of whom complimented the vastness of Kumi 's back catalogue and was noted as one of her strongest releases . Commercially , Best : Third Universe was a success . Charting together as a double album , Best : Third Universe and Universe became Koda 's third and fourth number one compilation and studio album album to reach the top spot on Japan 's Oricon Albums Chart respectively . Best : Third Universe and Universe was certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of Japan -LRB- RIAJ -RRB- for shipments of 250,000 units . It also charted in Taiwan , entering the top twenty on two competent charts . Koda promoted the album on her 2010 Universe Tour and her 10th Anniversary Tour , and followed up with remix albums ; Koda Kumi Driving Hit 's 2 and its third issue . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Guthrie_Theater", "Imperial_Theatre,_Saint_John", "Moon_Theater", "Manila_Film_Center", "American_Theater" ]

[ "The Guthrie Theater , founded in 1963 , is a center for theater performance , production , education , and professional training in Minneapolis , Minnesota . The concept of the theater was born in 1959 in a series of discussions between Sir Tyrone Guthrie , Oliver Rea and Peter Zeisler . Disenchanted with Broadway , they intended to form a theater with a resident acting company , to perform classic plays in rotating repertory , while maintaining the highest professional standards . The Guthrie Theater has performed in two main-stage facilities . The first building was designed by Ralph Rapson , included a 1,441-seat thrust stage designed by Tanya Moiseiwitsch , and was operated from 1963 -- 2006 . After closing its 2005 -- 2006 season , the theater moved to its current facility designed by Jean Nouvel . In 1982 , the theater won the Regional Theatre Tony Award . ", "The Imperial Theatre , in Saint John , New Brunswick , was designed by Philadelphia architect Albert Westover and built in 1912 by the Imperial Theatre by the Keith-Albee-Orpheum Corporation vaudeville chain of New York City and their Canadian subsidiary , the Saint John Amusements Company Ltd. . It opened to the public on September 19 , 1913 . One of Canada 's first comedy troupes , The Dumbbells staged several of their first shows there . Many early stars of silent film had their films played in the Imperial , such as Charlie Chaplin , Buster Keaton , Fatty Arbuckle , Greta Garbo , and Harold Lloyd . The theatre was designed as a modern adaptation of the Italian Renaissance , and opened on September 19 , 1913 , and was used both for live vaudeville acts as well as `` talkies '' . In 1929 , it was renamed the Capitol Theatre , and like most vaudeville houses across the continent , became a cinema . From 1957-1982 the Imperial Theatre was used as a meeting space by the Full Gospel Assembly . In 1982 the Imperial was abandoned by the religious group . ", "The Moon Theater was a silent movie theater at 1410 Douglas Street in Downtown Omaha , Nebraska . The 1,600 seat theater was built on the site of Omaha 's first movie theater , the Parlor . In later years the theater was renamed the Town Theater and eventually the Cooper Theater . The building was demolished in 1976 . ", "The Manila Film Center is a national building located at the southwest end of the Cultural Center of the Philippines Complex in Pasay , Philippines . The structure was designed by architect Froilan Hong where its edifice is supported on more than nine hundred piles which reaches to the bed-rock about 120 feet below . The Manila Film Center served as the main theater for the First Manila International Film Festival -LRB- MIFF -RRB- January 18 -- 29 , 1982 . The building has also been the subject of controversies due to an accident that happened during the final stages of its construction in 1981 . ", "American Theater or American Theatre may refer to : Theater of the United States , about stage theater in the U.S. American Theatre in New Orleans , opened in 1824 Roberts Orpheum Theater , formerly known as the American Theater ; listed on the NRHP in St. Louis , Missouri American Theater of World War II , about military operations Bowery Theatre , also called the `` American Theatre '' American Theatre -LRB- magazine -RRB- " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Kyra_Sedgwick", "The_Closer", "Something_to_Talk_About_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Cy_Chadwick", "Sylvia_Syms" ]

[ "Kyra Minturn Sedgwick Bacon -LRB- born August 19 , 1965 -RRB- is an American actress and producer . She is best known for her starring role as Deputy Chief Brenda Leigh Johnson on the TNT crime drama The Closer . Sedgwick 's role in the series won her a Golden Globe Award in 2007 and an Emmy Award in 2010 . The series ended on August 13 , 2012 , following the completion of its seventh season . She is also known for her recurring role as Madeline Wuntch on the successful sitcom Brooklyn Nine Nine . Sedgwick was nominated for a Golden Globe award for her performance in Something to Talk About -LRB- 1995 -RRB- . Sedgwick 's other film roles include Oliver Stone 's Born on the Fourth of July -LRB- 1989 -RRB- , Cameron Crowe 's Singles -LRB- 1992 -RRB- , as well as Heart and Souls -LRB- 1992 -RRB- , Phenomenon -LRB- 1996 -RRB- , What 's Cooking -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , Secondhand Lions -LRB- 2003 -RRB- , The Game Plan -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , and The Possession -LRB- 2012 -RRB- . She also has one of the starring roles in the critically acclaimed 2016 comedy-drama movie The Edge of Seventeen . ", "The Closer is an American television police procedural , starring Kyra Sedgwick as Brenda Leigh Johnson , a Los Angeles Police Department Deputy Chief . Originally from Atlanta , Georgia , and CIA-trained , Brenda has a reputation as a closer -- an interrogator who not only solves a case , but obtains confessions that lead to convictions and so `` closing '' the case . Deputy Chief Johnson sometimes uses deceit and intimidation to persuade a suspect to confess . The series ran on TNT from June 13 , 2005 , to August 13 , 2012 . The Closer was created by James Duff and the Shephard/Robin Company in association with Warner Bros. . Television . On Monday , July 11 , 2011 , the series began its seventh and final season , having finished its sixth season as cable 's highest rated drama . The Closers final six episodes began airing on Monday , July 9 , 2012 , with its finale airing on Monday , August 13 , 2012 . Following the finale , The Closers spin-off Major Crimes premiered . ", "Something to Talk About is a 1995 American comedy-drama film directed by Lasse Hallström , from a screenplay written by Callie Khouri . It stars Julia Roberts and Dennis Quaid as an estranged couple , Kyra Sedgwick as Roberts ' sister , and Robert Duvall and Gena Rowlands as their parents . The film 's title stems from the Bonnie Raitt song of the same name . It was shot in various locations around Savannah , Georgia , South Carolina and Georgia near Beaufort . ", "Cy Chadwick -LRB- born 2 June 1969 -RRB- is an English actor , director , producer , and presenter . His most notable acting role was of Nick Bates in 205 episodes of the long-running British soap Emmerdale Farm between 1985 and 1996 . A year after leaving the series , Leeds-born Chadwick rejoined ITV Yorkshire as a director . As a freelance television producer , Chadwick co-founded the production company `` ATypical Media '' . He works for BBC Entertainment and is directing and producing the Young Professionals of the Year series for the BBC Three . Cy has recently returned to a role in front of the camera , playing Peter Stringfellow in the forthcoming TV Drama , The String , to be broadcast on ITV3 . ", "Sylvia May Laura Syms OBE -LRB- born 6 January 1934 -RRB- is an English actress , best known for her roles in the films Woman in a Dressing Gown -LRB- 1957 -RRB- , Ice Cold in Alex -LRB- 1958 -RRB- , No Trees in the Street -LRB- 1959 -RRB- , Victim -LRB- 1961 -RRB- , The Tamarind Seed -LRB- 1974 -RRB- and The Queen -LRB- 2006 -RRB- . She remains active in films , television and theatre . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "The_Times", "The_Sunday_Times", "Spirit_of_the_Times", "The_Free_Press_Journal", "Freedom's_Journal" ]

[ "The Times is a British daily -LRB- Monday to Saturday -RRB- national newspaper based in London , England . It began in 1785 under the title , adopting its current name on 1 January 1788 . The Times and its sister paper The Sunday Times -LRB- founded in 1821 -RRB- are published by Times Newspapers , since 1981 a subsidiary of News UK , itself wholly owned by News Corp. . The Times and The Sunday Times do not share editorial staff , were founded independently and have only had common ownership since 1967 . In 1959 the historian of journalism Allan Nevins analysed the importance of The Times in shaping the views of events of London 's elite : For much more than a century The Times has been an integral and important part of the political structure of Great Britain . Its news and its editorial comment have in general been carefully coordinated , and have at most times been handled with an earnest sense of responsibility . While the paper has admitted some trivia to its columns , its whole emphasis has been on important public affairs treated with an eye to the best interests of Britain . To guide this treatment , the editors have for long periods been in close touch with 10 Downing Street . The Times is the first newspaper to have borne that name , lending it to numerous other papers around the world , including The Times of India -LRB- founded in 1838 -RRB- , The Straits Times -LRB- Singapore -RRB- -LRB- 1845 -RRB- , The New York Times -LRB- 1851 -RRB- , The Irish Times -LRB- 1859 -RRB- , Le Temps -LRB- France -RRB- -LRB- 1861-1942 -RRB- , the Cape Times -LRB- South Africa -RRB- -LRB- 1872 -RRB- , the Los Angeles Times -LRB- 1881 -RRB- , the Trenton Times -LRB- 1882 -RRB- , The Seattle Times -LRB- 1891 -RRB- , The Manila Times -LRB- 1898 -RRB- , The Daily Times -LRB- Malawi -RRB- -LRB- 1900 -RRB- , El Tiempo -LRB- Colombia -RRB- -LRB- 1911 -RRB- , The Canberra Times -LRB- 1926 -RRB- , Times of Malta -LRB- 1935 -RRB- , and The Washington Times -LRB- 1982 -RRB- . In these countries , the newspaper is often referred to as or , although the newspaper is of national scope and distribution . The Times is the originator of the widely used Times Roman typeface , originally developed by Stanley Morison of The Times in collaboration with the Monotype Corporation for its legibility in low-tech printing . In November 2006 The Times began printing headlines in a new font , Times Modern . The Times was printed in broadsheet format for 219 years , but switched to compact size in 2004 in an attempt to appeal more to younger readers and commuters using public transport . The Sunday Times remains a broadsheet . The Times had an average daily circulation of 446,164 in December 2016 ; in the same period , The Sunday Times had an average daily circulation of 792,210 . An American edition of The Times has been published since 6 June 2006 . It has been heavily used by scholars and researchers because of its widespread availability in libraries and its detailed index . A complete historical file of the digitised paper , up to 2010 , is online from Gale Cengage Learning . ", "The Sunday Times is the largest-selling British national newspaper in the `` quality press '' market category . It is published by Times Newspapers Ltd , a subsidiary of News UK , which is in turn owned by News Corp. . Times Newspapers also publishes The Times . The two papers were founded independently and have been under common ownership only since 1966 . They were bought by News International in 1981 . The Sunday Times occupies a dominant position in the quality Sunday market ; its circulation of just under one million equals that of its main rivals , The Sunday Telegraph and The Observer , combined . While some other national newspapers moved to a tabloid format in the early 2000s , The Sunday Times has retained the larger broadsheet format and has said that it will continue to do so . It sells more than twice as many copies as its sister paper , The Times , which is published Monday to Saturday . The Sunday Times has acquired a reputation for the strength of its investigative reporting -- much of it by its award-winning Insight team -- and also for its wide-ranging foreign coverage . It has a number of popular writers , columnists and commentators including Jeremy Clarkson and Bryan Appleyard . A. A. Gill was a prominent columnist for many years . It was Britain 's first multi-section newspaper and remains substantially larger than its rivals . A typical edition contains the equivalent of 450 to 500 tabloid pages . Besides the main news section , it has standalone News Review , Business , Sport , Money and Appointments sections -- all broadsheet . There are three magazines -LRB- The Sunday Times Magazine , Culture , and Style -RRB- and two tabloid supplements -LRB- Travel and Home -RRB- . It has a website and separate digital editions configured for both the iOS operating system for the Apple iPad and the Android operating system for such devices as the Google Nexus , all of which offer video clips , extra features and multimedia and other material not found in the printed version of the newspaper . The paper publishes The Sunday Times Rich List , an annual survey of the wealthiest people in Britain and Ireland , equivalent to the Forbes 400 list in the United States , and a series of league tables with reviews of private British companies , in particular The Sunday Times Fast Track 100 . The paper also produces an annual league table of the best-performing state and independent schools at both junior and senior level across the United Kingdom , entitled Parent Power -LRB- with additional information available online -RRB- , and an annual league table of British universities and a similar one for Irish universities . It publishes The Sunday Times Bestseller List of books in Britain , and a list of the `` 100 Best Companies to Work For '' , focusing on UK companies . It also organises The Sunday Times Oxford Literary Festival , held annually , and The Sunday Times Festival of Education , which takes place every year at Wellington College . ", "The Spirit of the Times : A Chronicle of the Turf , Agriculture , Field Sports , Literature and the Stage was an American weekly newspaper published in New York City . The paper aimed for an upper-class readership made up largely of sportsmen . The Spirit also included humorous material , much of it based on experience of settlers near the southwestern frontier . Theatre news was a third important component . The Spirit had an average circulation of about 22,000 , with a peak of about 40,000 subscribers . ", "The Free Press Journal is an Indian English-language daily newspaper that was established in 1930 by Swaminathan Sadanand , who also acted as its first editor . First produced to complement a news agency , the Free Press of India , it was a supporter of the Independence movement . It is published in Mumbai , India . ", "Freedom 's Journal was the first African-American owned and operated newspaper published in the United States . Founded by Rev. Peter Williams , Jr. and other free black men in New York City , it was published weekly starting with the 16 March 1827 issue . Freedom 's Journal was superseded in 1829 by The Rights of All , published between 1829 and 1830 by Samuel Cornish , the former senior editor of the Journal . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "The_Times", "The_Sunday_Times", "Spirit_of_the_Times", "The_Free_Press_Journal", "Freedom's_Journal" ]

[ "The Times is a British daily -LRB- Monday to Saturday -RRB- national newspaper based in London , England . It began in 1785 under the title , adopting its current name on 1 January 1788 . The Times and its sister paper The Sunday Times -LRB- founded in 1821 -RRB- are published by Times Newspapers , since 1981 a subsidiary of News UK , itself wholly owned by News Corp. . The Times and The Sunday Times do not share editorial staff , were founded independently and have only had common ownership since 1967 . In 1959 the historian of journalism Allan Nevins analysed the importance of The Times in shaping the views of events of London 's elite : For much more than a century The Times has been an integral and important part of the political structure of Great Britain . Its news and its editorial comment have in general been carefully coordinated , and have at most times been handled with an earnest sense of responsibility . While the paper has admitted some trivia to its columns , its whole emphasis has been on important public affairs treated with an eye to the best interests of Britain . To guide this treatment , the editors have for long periods been in close touch with 10 Downing Street . The Times is the first newspaper to have borne that name , lending it to numerous other papers around the world , including The Times of India -LRB- founded in 1838 -RRB- , The Straits Times -LRB- Singapore -RRB- -LRB- 1845 -RRB- , The New York Times -LRB- 1851 -RRB- , The Irish Times -LRB- 1859 -RRB- , Le Temps -LRB- France -RRB- -LRB- 1861-1942 -RRB- , the Cape Times -LRB- South Africa -RRB- -LRB- 1872 -RRB- , the Los Angeles Times -LRB- 1881 -RRB- , the Trenton Times -LRB- 1882 -RRB- , The Seattle Times -LRB- 1891 -RRB- , The Manila Times -LRB- 1898 -RRB- , The Daily Times -LRB- Malawi -RRB- -LRB- 1900 -RRB- , El Tiempo -LRB- Colombia -RRB- -LRB- 1911 -RRB- , The Canberra Times -LRB- 1926 -RRB- , Times of Malta -LRB- 1935 -RRB- , and The Washington Times -LRB- 1982 -RRB- . In these countries , the newspaper is often referred to as or , although the newspaper is of national scope and distribution . The Times is the originator of the widely used Times Roman typeface , originally developed by Stanley Morison of The Times in collaboration with the Monotype Corporation for its legibility in low-tech printing . In November 2006 The Times began printing headlines in a new font , Times Modern . The Times was printed in broadsheet format for 219 years , but switched to compact size in 2004 in an attempt to appeal more to younger readers and commuters using public transport . The Sunday Times remains a broadsheet . The Times had an average daily circulation of 446,164 in December 2016 ; in the same period , The Sunday Times had an average daily circulation of 792,210 . An American edition of The Times has been published since 6 June 2006 . It has been heavily used by scholars and researchers because of its widespread availability in libraries and its detailed index . A complete historical file of the digitised paper , up to 2010 , is online from Gale Cengage Learning . ", "The Sunday Times is the largest-selling British national newspaper in the `` quality press '' market category . It is published by Times Newspapers Ltd , a subsidiary of News UK , which is in turn owned by News Corp. . Times Newspapers also publishes The Times . The two papers were founded independently and have been under common ownership only since 1966 . They were bought by News International in 1981 . The Sunday Times occupies a dominant position in the quality Sunday market ; its circulation of just under one million equals that of its main rivals , The Sunday Telegraph and The Observer , combined . While some other national newspapers moved to a tabloid format in the early 2000s , The Sunday Times has retained the larger broadsheet format and has said that it will continue to do so . It sells more than twice as many copies as its sister paper , The Times , which is published Monday to Saturday . The Sunday Times has acquired a reputation for the strength of its investigative reporting -- much of it by its award-winning Insight team -- and also for its wide-ranging foreign coverage . It has a number of popular writers , columnists and commentators including Jeremy Clarkson and Bryan Appleyard . A. A. Gill was a prominent columnist for many years . It was Britain 's first multi-section newspaper and remains substantially larger than its rivals . A typical edition contains the equivalent of 450 to 500 tabloid pages . Besides the main news section , it has standalone News Review , Business , Sport , Money and Appointments sections -- all broadsheet . There are three magazines -LRB- The Sunday Times Magazine , Culture , and Style -RRB- and two tabloid supplements -LRB- Travel and Home -RRB- . It has a website and separate digital editions configured for both the iOS operating system for the Apple iPad and the Android operating system for such devices as the Google Nexus , all of which offer video clips , extra features and multimedia and other material not found in the printed version of the newspaper . The paper publishes The Sunday Times Rich List , an annual survey of the wealthiest people in Britain and Ireland , equivalent to the Forbes 400 list in the United States , and a series of league tables with reviews of private British companies , in particular The Sunday Times Fast Track 100 . The paper also produces an annual league table of the best-performing state and independent schools at both junior and senior level across the United Kingdom , entitled Parent Power -LRB- with additional information available online -RRB- , and an annual league table of British universities and a similar one for Irish universities . It publishes The Sunday Times Bestseller List of books in Britain , and a list of the `` 100 Best Companies to Work For '' , focusing on UK companies . It also organises The Sunday Times Oxford Literary Festival , held annually , and The Sunday Times Festival of Education , which takes place every year at Wellington College . ", "The Spirit of the Times : A Chronicle of the Turf , Agriculture , Field Sports , Literature and the Stage was an American weekly newspaper published in New York City . The paper aimed for an upper-class readership made up largely of sportsmen . The Spirit also included humorous material , much of it based on experience of settlers near the southwestern frontier . Theatre news was a third important component . The Spirit had an average circulation of about 22,000 , with a peak of about 40,000 subscribers . ", "The Free Press Journal is an Indian English-language daily newspaper that was established in 1930 by Swaminathan Sadanand , who also acted as its first editor . First produced to complement a news agency , the Free Press of India , it was a supporter of the Independence movement . It is published in Mumbai , India . ", "Freedom 's Journal was the first African-American owned and operated newspaper published in the United States . Founded by Rev. Peter Williams , Jr. and other free black men in New York City , it was published weekly starting with the 16 March 1827 issue . Freedom 's Journal was superseded in 1829 by The Rights of All , published between 1829 and 1830 by Samuel Cornish , the former senior editor of the Journal . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "South_Island", "North_Caicos", "North_Broughton_Island", "Bluff_Harbour", "British_Overseas_Territories" ]

[ "The South Island or Te Waipounamu -LRB- Māori -RRB- is the larger of the two major islands of New Zealand , the other being the smaller but more populous North Island . It is bordered to the north by Cook Strait , to the west by the Tasman Sea , and to the south and east by the Pacific Ocean . The South Island covers 150437 km2 and has a temperate climate . It has a 32 percent larger landmass than the North Island so is sometimes referred to as the `` mainland '' of New Zealand , especially by South Island residents , but only 23 percent of New Zealand 's million inhabitants live there . In the early stages of European -LRB- Pākehā -RRB- settlement of the country , the South Island had the majority of the European population and wealth due to the 1860s gold rushes . The North Island population overtook the South in the early 20th century , with 56 percent of the population living in the North in 1911 , and the drift north of people and businesses continued throughout the century . In prose , the two main islands of New Zealand are called the North Island and the South Island , with the definite article . ", "North Caicos is the second-largest island in the Turks and Caicos Islands -LRB- after Middle Caicos -RRB- . To the west , the Caicos Cays -LRB- the closest is Parrot Cay -RRB- link to Providenciales . To the east , it is separated from Middle Caicos by Juniper Hole , a narrow passage that can accommodate only small boats . A 1-mile causeway connects North Caicos to Middle Caicos . ", "North Broughton Island is an island in the Broughton Archipelago , located as its name suggests to the north of Broughton Island in the Queen Charlotte Strait region of the Central Coast of British Columbia , Canada . Broughton Point is on the south coast of the island , facing Broughton Island at ", "thumb | The entrance to Bluff Harbour viewed from the International Space Station in 2008 , with Foveaux Strait at bottom . The town of Bluff sits on the north shore of the Bluff promontory , lower left , with the angular form of Island Harbour immediately to its north . Tiwai Point and the entrance to Awarua Bay -LRB- top -RRB- are to the left Bluff Harbour is a harbour and lagoon in the South Island , New Zealand town of Bluff . The main port facilities are located close to the entrance of a large natural inlet -LRB- also known as Bluff Harbour -RRB- which includes a large , low-lying eastern arm , Awarua Bay , immediately to the east of the promontory which gives the town and harbour its name . ", "The 14 British Overseas Territories -LRB- BOT -RRB- are territories under the jurisdiction and sovereignty of the United Kingdom . They are the parts of the British Empire that have not been granted independence or have voted to remain British territories . These territories do not form part of the United Kingdom and , with the exception of Gibraltar , are not part of the European Union . Most of the inhabited territories are internally self-governing , with the UK retaining responsibility for defence and foreign relations . The rest are either uninhabited or have a transitory population of military or scientific personnel . They share the British monarch -LRB- Elizabeth II -RRB- as head of state . The term `` British Overseas Territory '' was introduced by the British Overseas Territories Act 2002 , replacing the term British Dependent Territory , introduced by the British Nationality Act 1981 . Prior to 1 January 1983 , the territories were officially referred to as British Crown Colonies . With the exceptions of the British Antarctic Territory and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands -LRB- which host only officials and research station staff -RRB- and the British Indian Ocean Territory -LRB- used as a military base -RRB- , the Territories retain permanent civilian populations . Permanent residency for the 7,000 or so civilians living in the Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia is limited to citizens of the Republic of Cyprus . Collectively , the Territories encompass a population of about 250,000 people and a land area of about 667018 sqmi . The vast majority of this land area , 660000 sqmi , constitutes the almost uninhabited British Antarctic Territory , while the largest territory by population , Bermuda , accounts for almost a quarter of the total BOT population . At the other end of the scale , three territories have no civilian population ; the Antarctic territory , the British Indian Ocean Territory -LRB- from which the Chagos Islanders were controversially removed -RRB- and South Georgia . Pitcairn Islands , settled by the survivors of the Mutiny on the Bounty , is the smallest settled territory with 49 inhabitants , while the smallest by land area is Gibraltar on the southern tip of the Iberian peninsula . The United Kingdom participates in the Antarctic Treaty System and , as part of a mutual agreement , the British Antarctic Territory is recognised by four of the other sovereign nations making claims to Antarctic territory . Although the Crown dependencies of Jersey , Guernsey and the Isle of Man are also under the sovereignty of the British monarch , they are in a different constitutional relationship with the United Kingdom . The British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies are themselves distinct from the Commonwealth realms , a group of 15 independent countries -LRB- and the United Kingdom -RRB- which each also have Elizabeth II as their reigning monarch , and from the Commonwealth of Nations , a voluntary association of 52 countries mostly with historic links to the British Empire -LRB- which also includes all Commonwealth realms -RRB- . the Minister responsible for the Territories excluding the Falkland Islands , Gibraltar and the Sovereign Base Areas is Baroness Anelay , Minister of State for the Commonwealth and the UN . The other three territories are the responsibility of Sir Alan Duncan MP , Minister of State for Europe and the Americas . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 1, 2 ]

[ "South_Island", "North_Caicos", "North_Broughton_Island", "Bluff_Harbour", "British_Overseas_Territories" ]

[ "The South Island or Te Waipounamu -LRB- Māori -RRB- is the larger of the two major islands of New Zealand , the other being the smaller but more populous North Island . It is bordered to the north by Cook Strait , to the west by the Tasman Sea , and to the south and east by the Pacific Ocean . The South Island covers 150437 km2 and has a temperate climate . It has a 32 percent larger landmass than the North Island so is sometimes referred to as the `` mainland '' of New Zealand , especially by South Island residents , but only 23 percent of New Zealand 's million inhabitants live there . In the early stages of European -LRB- Pākehā -RRB- settlement of the country , the South Island had the majority of the European population and wealth due to the 1860s gold rushes . The North Island population overtook the South in the early 20th century , with 56 percent of the population living in the North in 1911 , and the drift north of people and businesses continued throughout the century . In prose , the two main islands of New Zealand are called the North Island and the South Island , with the definite article . ", "North Caicos is the second-largest island in the Turks and Caicos Islands -LRB- after Middle Caicos -RRB- . To the west , the Caicos Cays -LRB- the closest is Parrot Cay -RRB- link to Providenciales . To the east , it is separated from Middle Caicos by Juniper Hole , a narrow passage that can accommodate only small boats . A 1-mile causeway connects North Caicos to Middle Caicos . ", "North Broughton Island is an island in the Broughton Archipelago , located as its name suggests to the north of Broughton Island in the Queen Charlotte Strait region of the Central Coast of British Columbia , Canada . Broughton Point is on the south coast of the island , facing Broughton Island at ", "thumb | The entrance to Bluff Harbour viewed from the International Space Station in 2008 , with Foveaux Strait at bottom . The town of Bluff sits on the north shore of the Bluff promontory , lower left , with the angular form of Island Harbour immediately to its north . Tiwai Point and the entrance to Awarua Bay -LRB- top -RRB- are to the left Bluff Harbour is a harbour and lagoon in the South Island , New Zealand town of Bluff . The main port facilities are located close to the entrance of a large natural inlet -LRB- also known as Bluff Harbour -RRB- which includes a large , low-lying eastern arm , Awarua Bay , immediately to the east of the promontory which gives the town and harbour its name . ", "The 14 British Overseas Territories -LRB- BOT -RRB- are territories under the jurisdiction and sovereignty of the United Kingdom . They are the parts of the British Empire that have not been granted independence or have voted to remain British territories . These territories do not form part of the United Kingdom and , with the exception of Gibraltar , are not part of the European Union . Most of the inhabited territories are internally self-governing , with the UK retaining responsibility for defence and foreign relations . The rest are either uninhabited or have a transitory population of military or scientific personnel . They share the British monarch -LRB- Elizabeth II -RRB- as head of state . The term `` British Overseas Territory '' was introduced by the British Overseas Territories Act 2002 , replacing the term British Dependent Territory , introduced by the British Nationality Act 1981 . Prior to 1 January 1983 , the territories were officially referred to as British Crown Colonies . With the exceptions of the British Antarctic Territory and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands -LRB- which host only officials and research station staff -RRB- and the British Indian Ocean Territory -LRB- used as a military base -RRB- , the Territories retain permanent civilian populations . Permanent residency for the 7,000 or so civilians living in the Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia is limited to citizens of the Republic of Cyprus . Collectively , the Territories encompass a population of about 250,000 people and a land area of about 667018 sqmi . The vast majority of this land area , 660000 sqmi , constitutes the almost uninhabited British Antarctic Territory , while the largest territory by population , Bermuda , accounts for almost a quarter of the total BOT population . At the other end of the scale , three territories have no civilian population ; the Antarctic territory , the British Indian Ocean Territory -LRB- from which the Chagos Islanders were controversially removed -RRB- and South Georgia . Pitcairn Islands , settled by the survivors of the Mutiny on the Bounty , is the smallest settled territory with 49 inhabitants , while the smallest by land area is Gibraltar on the southern tip of the Iberian peninsula . The United Kingdom participates in the Antarctic Treaty System and , as part of a mutual agreement , the British Antarctic Territory is recognised by four of the other sovereign nations making claims to Antarctic territory . Although the Crown dependencies of Jersey , Guernsey and the Isle of Man are also under the sovereignty of the British monarch , they are in a different constitutional relationship with the United Kingdom . The British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies are themselves distinct from the Commonwealth realms , a group of 15 independent countries -LRB- and the United Kingdom -RRB- which each also have Elizabeth II as their reigning monarch , and from the Commonwealth of Nations , a voluntary association of 52 countries mostly with historic links to the British Empire -LRB- which also includes all Commonwealth realms -RRB- . the Minister responsible for the Territories excluding the Falkland Islands , Gibraltar and the Sovereign Base Areas is Baroness Anelay , Minister of State for the Commonwealth and the UN . The other three territories are the responsibility of Sir Alan Duncan MP , Minister of State for Europe and the Americas . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 1, 2 ]

[ "Sweet_Home_Alabama", "I_Wanna_Come_Over", "Tom_Douglas_-LRB-songwriter-RRB-", "I_Ain't_Got_Time_to_Tarry", "My_Old_Man_-LRB-Zac_Brown_Band_song-RRB-" ]

[ "`` Sweet Home Alabama '' is a song by Southern rock band Lynyrd Skynyrd that first appeared in 1974 on their second album , Second Helping . It reached number 8 on the US chart in 1974 and was the band 's second hit single . The song was written in reply to `` Southern Man '' and `` Alabama '' by Neil Young ; Young is name-checked in the song 's lyrics . ", "`` I Wan na Come Over '' is a song written by Richard Berardi and Michael Berardi , and performed by American country music band Alabama . It was first recorded by pop and rock singer Ronnie Spector in 1978 as the B-side of her cover of the Bonnie Tyler song `` It 's a Heartache '' It was released in September 1979 as the first single to feature drummer Mark Herndon from the album My Home 's in Alabama . The song represented a number of milestones in the career of the Fort Payne , Alabama-based band . In 1979 , Alabama had started to record again after a two-year hiatus -LRB- due to a number of legal restrictions with their first recording contract , the now-defunct GRT Records -RRB- . One of their first recordings following the hiatus was `` I Wan na Come Over , '' which they included on a self-produced album . When released in September 1979 , the song was issued on the small MDJ Records . The song entered the Billboard magazine Hot Country Singles chart later that month , eventually becoming their first Top 40 hit . The song peaked at No. 33 in early December . `` I Wan na Come Over '' also proved crucial for introducing Alabama 's fans to one aspect core to their style -- the mellow love ballad , which would be repeated on their most successful songs , including `` Feels So Right , '' `` There 's No Way '' and `` Forever 's as Far as I 'll Go . '' It also paved the way for the bigger success of the follow-up single , `` My Home 's in Alabama '' -LRB- which provided fans with the country rock-influenced side of the band 's sound -RRB- . Both `` I Wan na Come Over '' and `` My Home 's in Alabama '' are included on Alabama 's first RCA Records album , My Home 's in Alabama , released in May 1980 . `` I Wan na Come Over '' later served as the B-side to a later Alabama single , `` Why Lady Why '' -LRB- itself originally a B-side hit -RRB- . ", "Thomas Stevenson `` Tom '' Douglas is an American country music songwriter . Douglas has been active in the industry since the early 1990s . He has written Top Ten hits for John Michael Montgomery , Martina McBride , Tim McGraw , Collin Raye , Lady Antebellum , Miranda Lambert and others . Douglas first worked in real estate before beginning his songwriting career in Nashville , Tennessee . One of his first cuts was `` Little Rock , '' which Collin Raye took into the country Top Ten in 1993 . By 1994 , Douglas was signed with Sony/ATV Music Publishing in June 1994 . `` Little Rock '' was nominated for Song of the Year by the Country Music Association in 1994 , and received a `` Million-Air '' award from Broadcast Music Incorporated -LRB- BMI -RRB- for receiving one million spins on country radio . Following the song 's success , Douglas moved to Nashville , Tennessee in 1997 . Douglas has also co-written several songs for Tim McGraw , including the Number One singles `` Grown Men Do n't Cry '' and `` Southern Voice , '' as well as the Top Five songs `` My Little Girl '' and `` Let It Go . '' He also co-wrote Martina McBride 's `` Love 's the Only House , '' as well as Lady Antebellum 's Number One `` I Run to You . '' In 2009 Tom Douglas was awarded a Tripple Play Award , for three number one songs written within a year . Douglas 's song `` The House That Built Me '' was nominated for a 2010 Grammy Award - Song of the Year and Country Song of the Year . The song went on to win CMA Song of the Year , as well as ACM 's Song Of The Year and Single Record Of The Year . Also in 2010 , Douglas was also nominated for an Oscar and a Golden Globe for the song `` Coming Home -LRB- song -RRB- '' featured in the film `` Country Strong . '' In 2014 , `` Meanwhile Back at Mama 's '' was nominated for Grammy 's Country Song Of The Year . Douglas was inducted to the Nashville Songwriters Hall of Fame on October 5 , 2014 . ", "`` I Ai n't Got Time to Tarry '' , also known as `` The Land of Freedom '' , is an American song written by blackface minstrel composer Dan Emmett . It premiered in a minstrel show performance by Bryant 's Minstrels in late November 1858 . The song was published in New York City in 1859 . The lyrics tell of a black man in the Northern United States who is homesick for the South . He decides to return to the South , as illustrated in the chorus : For I ` se gwine home to Dinah , Yes , I am gwine home . Den I ai n't got time to tarry , I ai n't got time to dwell , I 'm bound to de land of freedom , oh , niggars ! fare you well . The pining ex-slave scenario was a common idiom of blackface minstrelsy during the 1850s . Emmett would repeat it in other songs , including `` Johnny Roach '' and `` Dixie '' . Emmett 's later `` I 'm Going Home to Dixie '' reuses the tune to `` I Ai n't Got Time to Tarry '' . ", "`` My Old Man '' is a song by American country music band Zac Brown Band . The song is the lead single to their fifth major-label studio album , Welcome Home . " ]

[ 2, 1, 1, 0, 0 ]

[ "Issa_Rae", "Awkward_Black_Girl", "LaToya_Forever", "Shut_Up_-LRB-Stormzy_song-RRB-", "Craig_Benzine" ]

[ "Jo-Issa `` Issa '' Rae Diop -LRB- born January 12 , 1985 -RRB- is an American actress , writer , director , producer and web series creator . She is best known as the creator of the YouTube web series Awkward Black Girl . Since the premiere of Awkward Black Girl , Rae has developed her own YouTube platform where she features various content created by people of color . Rae 's shows have garnered over 20 million views and over 260,000 subscribers on YouTube . As of 2017 , Rae is the creator , co-writer and star of the HBO series Insecure , which is partially based on Awkward Black Girl . '' ", "The Mis-Adventures of Awkward Black Girl -LRB- often simply referred to as Awkward Black Girl -RRB- is an American comedy web series created by and starring Issa Rae . It premiered on a dedicated YouTube on February 3 , 2011 . The show follows the life of J as she interacts with co-workers and love interests who place her in uncomfortable situations . The story is told through first-person narrative as J usually reveals how she feels about her circumstances through voice-over or dream sequence . The series received critical acclaim and won a Shorty Award for Best Web Series in 2012 . ", "LaToya Ali -LRB- nee Howard -RRB- , better known under the name LaToya Forever , is a Canadian YouTube personality and author , best known for her eponymous YouTube channel as well as her video blog channel `` LaToya 's Life '' . In 2012 , she was the official Vibe TV host at the American Music Awards and in 2015 she participated in the Buffer Festival . ", "`` Shut Up '' is a song by English Grime artist and MC Stormzy . The song was released independently for digital download in the United Kingdom on 11 September 2015 as the B-side to the `` WickedSkengMan 4 '' single . It was produced by XTC and written by Stormzy . `` Shut Up '' was originally released as a freestyle video in May 2015 but gained popularity over the year . The song initially entered at number 59 on the UK Singles Chart in September 2015 , however following a Christmas number one campaign the song rose to number 8 . ", "Craig Gene Benzine -LRB- born October 5 , 1980 -RRB- is an American video producer , musician , and vlogger better known by his YouTube channel name of WheezyWaiter . As of January 20 , 2017 , his channel has 585,969 subscribers and 116,692,543 total video views . On January 23 , 2015 , Benzine became host of the Crash Course U.S. government and politics series . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Prague", "Prague_Castle", "List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Germany", "National_Technical_Museum_-LRB-Prague-RRB-", "Jinonice" ]

[ "Prague -LRB- -LSB- ˈprɑːɡ -RSB- Praha , -LSB- ˈpraɦa -RSB- , Prag -RRB- is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic . It is the 14th largest city in the European Union . It is also the historical capital of Bohemia . Situated in the north-west of the country on the Vltava river , the city is home to about 1.26 million people , while its larger urban zone is estimated to have a population of nearly 2 million . The city has a temperate climate , with warm summers and chilly winters . Prague has been a political , cultural , and economic centre of central Europe with waxing and waning fortunes during its history . Founded during the Romanesque and flourishing by the Gothic , Renaissance and Baroque eras , Prague was the capital of the kingdom of Bohemia and the main residence of several Holy Roman Emperors , most notably of Charles IV -LRB- r. 1346 -- 1378 -RRB- . It was an important city to the Habsburg Monarchy and its Austro-Hungarian Empire . The city played major roles in the Bohemian and Protestant Reformation , the Thirty Years ' War , and in 20th-century history as the capital of Czechoslovakia , during both World Wars and the post-war Communist era . Prague is home to a number of famous cultural attractions , many of which survived the violence and destruction of 20th-century Europe . Main attractions include the Prague Castle , the Charles Bridge , Old Town Square with the Prague astronomical clock , the Jewish Quarter , Petřín hill and Vyšehrad . Since 1992 , the extensive historic centre of Prague has been included in the UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites . The city has more than ten major museums , along with numerous theatres , galleries , cinemas , and other historical exhibits . An extensive modern public transportation system connects the city . Also , it is home to a wide range of public and private schools , including Charles University in Prague , the oldest university in Central Europe . Prague is classified as an `` Alpha - '' global city according to GaWC studies . Prague ranked sixth in the Tripadvisor world list of best destinations in 2016 . Its rich history makes it a popular tourist destination , and the city receives more than 6.4 million international visitors annually , . Prague is the fifth most visited European city after London , Paris , Istanbul and Rome . ", "Prague Castle -LRB- -LSB- cz : Pražský hrad , Pražský hrad -RSB- -RRB- is a castle complex in Prague , Czech Republic , dating from the 9th century . It is the official residence of the President of the Czech Republic . The castle was a seat of power for kings of Bohemia , Holy Roman emperors , and presidents of Czechoslovakia . The Bohemian Crown Jewels are kept within a hidden room inside it . According to the Guinness Book of Records , Prague Castle is the largest ancient castle in the world , occupying an area of almost 70000 m2 , at about 570 m in length and an average of about 130 m wide . The castle is among the most visited tourist attractions in Prague attracting over 1.8 million visitors annually . ", "There are 41 official UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Germany , 38 cultural and 3 natural , with one additional previous site struck from the list . In addition , there are 17 German entries in the Memory of the World Programme . Germany ratified the World Heritage Convention on 23 August 1976 . ", "The National Technical Museum -LRB- Národní technické muzeum -RRB- -LRB- NTM -RRB- in Prague is the largest institution dedicated to preserving information and artifacts related to the history of technology in the Czech Republic . The museum was founded in 1908 and has been in its current location -LRB- adjacent to Letná Park -RRB- since 1941 . Among the forerunners of the NTM , we can rank the collecting activities of the professional engineering school -LRB- founded in 1717 in Prague -RRB- , continued by the polytechnical institute -LRB- founded in 1806 -RRB- and finally the opening of the Czech industrial museum , founded by Vojtěch Náprstek in 1874 . Parts of his collections were even transferred to today 's NTM later in the 20th century . The museum has large exhibits representing approximately 15 % of its total collection . The museum also manages substantial archives consisting of approximately 3,500 linear shelf meters of archival material and about 250,000 books . In 2001 the museum opened a Railroad Museum that contains about 100 railway vehicles . The 2002 European floods caused damage to some 200 cubic metres of documents at the museum - in a location separate to the main building . Work involved in drying and restoring the materials is expected to continue until 2013 . The National Technical Museum was closed in September 2006 for extensive renovations . The reopening was scheduled for February 2008 , but eventually took place in February 2011 . ", "Jinonice is a district of Prague , mostly part of Prague 5 , but a small area is part of Prague 13 . It is located on the north edge of Prokopské údolí national park . Jinonice has been a part of Prague city since 1922 . In 1872 the Smíchov -- Hostivice railway line was built . The area is also served by Jinonice metro station on line B of the Prague Metro " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "American_Civil_War", "Postage_stamps_and_postal_history_of_the_Confederate_States", "1865_State_of_the_Union_Address", "Jonesborough_Union_order_of_battle", "John_W._Conaway" ]

[ "The American Civil War was fought in the United States from 1861 to 1865 . After a long standing controversy over slavery and state 's rights , war broke out in April 1861 , when Confederates attacked Fort Sumter in South Carolina , shortly after Abraham Lincoln was elected . The nationalists of the Union proclaimed loyalty to the U.S. Constitution . They faced secessionists of the Confederate States of America advocating states ' rights to perpetual slavery and its expansion in the Americas . Among the 34 U.S. states in February 1861 , seven Southern slave states individually declared their secession from the U.S. to form the Confederate States of America . The Confederacy grew to include eleven states ; it claimed two more border states -LRB- Kentucky and Missouri -RRB- , the Indian Territory , and the southern portions of the Union 's western territories of Arizona and New Mexico , which was organized and incorporated into the Confederacy as Confederate Arizona . The Confederacy was never diplomatically recognized by the United States government , nor was it recognized by any foreign country -LRB- although Britain and France granted it belligerent status -RRB- . The states that remained loyal , including the border states where slavery was legal , were known as the Union or the North . The North and South quickly raised volunteer and conscription armies that fought mostly in the South over four years . During this time many innovations in warfare occurred , including the development and use of iron-clad ships , ultimately changing naval strategy around the world . The Union finally won the war when General Robert E. Lee surrendered to General Ulysses S. Grant at the battle of Appomattox , which triggered a series of surrenders by Confederate generals throughout the southern states . Four years of intense combat left 620,000 to 750,000 soldiers dead , a higher number than the number of American military deaths in World War I and World War II combined , and much of the South 's infrastructure was destroyed . The Confederacy collapsed , slavery was abolished and 4 million slaves were freed . The Reconstruction Era -LRB- 1863 -- 1877 -RRB- overlapped and followed the war , with the process of restoring national unity , strengthening the national government , and granting civil rights to freed slaves throughout the country . The Civil War is arguably the most studied and written about episode in American history . ", "The postage stamps and postal system of the Confederate States of America carried the mail of the Confederacy for a brief period in American history . Early in 1861 when South Carolina no longer considered itself part of the Union and demanded that the U.S. Army abandon Fort Sumter , plans for a Confederate postal system were already underway . Indeed , the Confederate Post office was established on February 21 , 1861 ; and it was not until April 12 that the American Civil War officially began , when the Confederate Army fired upon US soldiers who had refused to abandon the fort . However , the United States Post Office Department continued to handle the mail of the seceded states as usual during the first weeks of the war . It was not until June 1 that the Confederate Post office took over collection and delivery , now faced with the task of providing postage stamps and mail services for its citizens . The CSA Constitution had provided for a national postal service to be established , then required it to be self-financing beginning March 1 , 1863 -LRB- Section 8 . Powers of Congress , Item 7 -RRB- . President Jefferson Davis had appointed John Henninger Reagan on March 6 , 1861 , to head the new Confederate States of America Post-office Department . The Confederate Post Office proved to be very efficient and remained in operation for the entire duration of the Civil War . ", "The 1865 State of the Union Address was written by the 17th President of the United States , Andrew Johnson . It was presented to the United States Congress on December 4 , 1865 . He stated , `` Our thoughts next revert to the death of the late President by an act of parricidal treason . The grief of the nation is still fresh . It finds some solace in the consideration that he lived to enjoy the highest proof of its confidence by entering on the renewed term of the Chief Magistracy to which he had been elected ; that he brought the civil war substantially to a close ; that his loss was deplored in all parts of the Union , and that foreign nations have rendered justice to his memory . '' The American Civil War had ended , and now it was time for the Reconstruction era to begin . ", "The following Union Army units and commanders fought in the Battle of Jonesborough of the American Civil War on August 31-September 1 , 1864 . The Confederate order of battle is listed separately . ", "John Wesley Conaway -LRB- September 19 , 1843 -- November 21 , 1913 -RRB- was a Union Army soldier during the American Civil War . He received the Medal of Honor for gallantry during the Siege of Vicksburg on May 22 , 1863 . Conaway joined the army from Indiana in August 1862 , and was discharged in June 1865 . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 0, 1 ]

[ "Annie_-LRB-2014_film-RRB-", "Annie_-LRB-1982_film-RRB-", "Life_After_Tomorrow", "The_Edge_of_Seventeen", "Ahead_of_My_Time" ]

[ "Annie is a 2014 American musical comedy-drama film directed by Will Gluck and produced by Village Roadshow Pictures and Will Smith 's Overbrook Entertainment for Sony Pictures ' Columbia Pictures . A contemporary adaptation of the 1977 Broadway musical of the same name , the film stars Quvenzhané Wallis , Jamie Foxx , Rose Byrne , Bobby Cannavale , and Cameron Diaz . The third film adaptation , following Columbia 's 1982 theatrical film and Disney 's 1999 television film , Annie began production in August 2013 and opened on December 19 , 2014 to generally negative reviews , but was a box-office success , grossing over $ 133 million internationally . Annie received two Golden Globe Award nominations , one for Best Actress in a Motion Picture -- Comedy or Musical -LRB- for Wallis -RRB- and another for Best Original Song . Conversely , the film won the Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Prequel , Remake , Rip-off or Sequel and Cameron Diaz was nominated for Worst Supporting Actress . ", "Annie is a 1982 American musical comedy-drama film adapted from Broadway musical of the same name by Charles Strouse , Martin Charnin and Thomas Meehan , which in turn is based on Little Orphan Annie , the 1924 comic strip by Harold Gray . The film was directed by John Huston , scripted by Carol Sobieski , and stars Albert Finney , Carol Burnett , Ann Reinking , Tim Curry , Bernadette Peters , Geoffrey Holder , Edward Herrmann , and Aileen Quinn in her film debut . Set during the Great Depression , the film tells the story of Annie , an orphan from New York City who is taken in by America 's richest billionaire Oliver Warbucks . Filming took place for six weeks at Monmouth University in New Jersey . The film , released on June 18 , 1982 , received mixed reviews from critics and was nominated for Best Production Design and Best Song Score and its Adaptation at the 55th Academy Awards . Quinn won a Best Young Actress at the Young Artist Awards . A television film sequel , named Annie : A Royal Adventure ! was released in 1995 . In their first film collaboration , Disney and Columbia Pictures produced a made for television version in 1999 . Columbia released a contemporary film adaptation on December 19 , 2014 . ", "Life After Tomorrow is a 2006 documentary film directed by Gil Cates Jr. and Julie Stevens about the lives of the women who had once played Little Orphan Annie or one of the other orphans in the musical Annie . On March 24 , 2006 , the film was premiered at the Phoenix Film Festival where it won awards for both Best Documentary and Best Director . ", "The Edge of Seventeen is a 2016 American coming-of-age comedy-drama film written and directed by Kelly Fremon Craig . The film stars Hailee Steinfeld , Woody Harrelson , Kyra Sedgwick , and Haley Lu Richardson . Principal photography began on October 21 , 2015 , in Vancouver and ended on December 3 , 2015 . The film premiered at the 2016 Toronto International Film Festival on September 16 , 2016 , and was theatrically released on November 18 , 2016 , by STX Entertainment . It received critical acclaim and grossed just over $ 18 million against its $ 9 million budget . ", "Ahead of My Time is the fourth independent album -LRB- seventh overall -RRB- by rapper Lil ' Flip , released on July 6 , 2010 . The first single from the album is `` Heartbreaker '' , which features Eeden & Sean Thomas . A video was released for `` 50 in My Pinkyrang '' on July 17 , 2010 . Another video was released for `` Heartbreaker '' on August 6 , 2010 . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 2, 0 ]

[ "Pocahontas", "John_Rolfe", "Savages_-LRB-Pocahontas_song-RRB-", "Powhatan_-LRB-Native_American_leader-RRB-", "Pocahontas,_Missouri" ]

[ "Pocahontas -LRB- born Matoaka , known as Amonute , 1596 -- 1617 -RRB- was a Native American woman notable for her association with the colonial settlement at Jamestown , Virginia . Pocahontas was the daughter of Powhatan , the paramount chief of a network of tributary tribal nations in the Tsenacommacah , encompassing the Tidewater region of Virginia . In a well-known historical anecdote , she is said to have saved the life of a captive of the Native Americans , the Englishman John Smith , in 1607 by placing her head upon his own when her father raised his war club to execute him . Some historians have suggested that this story , as told by Smith , is untrue . Pocahontas was captured by the English during Anglo-Indian hostilities in 1613 , and held for ransom . During her captivity , she converted to Christianity and took the name Rebecca . When the opportunity arose for her to return to her people , she chose to remain with the English . In April 1614 , she married tobacco planter John Rolfe , and in January 1615 , bore their son , Thomas Rolfe . In 1616 , the Rolfes traveled to London . Pocahontas was presented to English society as an example of the `` civilized savage '' in hopes of stimulating investment in the Jamestown settlement . She became something of a celebrity , was elegantly fêted , and attended a masque at Whitehall Palace . In 1617 , the Rolfes set sail for Virginia , but Pocahontas died at Gravesend of unknown causes . She was buried in a church in Gravesend in the United Kingdom , but the exact location of her grave is unknown . Numerous places , landmarks , and products in the United States have been named after Pocahontas . Her story has been romanticized over the years , and she is a subject of art , literature , and film . Many famous people have claimed to be among her descendants through her son Thomas , including members of the First Families of Virginia , First Lady Edith Wilson , American Western actor Glenn Strange , and astronomer Percival Lowell . ", "John Rolfe -LRB- 1585 -- 1622 -RRB- was one of the early English settlers of North America . He is credited with the first successful cultivation of tobacco as an export crop in the Colony of Virginia and is known as the husband of Pocahontas , daughter of the chief of the Powhatan . ", "`` Savages '' is a song from the 1995 Disney animated film Pocahontas . It addresses themes of othering , xenophobia , and genocide . The song has been negatively received by critics , with some deeming it to be racist , arguing that it encourages the listener to dehumanise Native Americans . ", "Powhatan -LRB- June 17 , 1545 -- April 1618 -RRB- , whose proper name was Wahunsenacawh -LRB- alternately spelled Wahunsenacah , Wahunsunacock or Wahunsonacock -RRB- , was the paramount chief of Tsenacommacah , an alliance of Algonquian-speaking Virginia Indians in the Tidewater region of Virginia at the time English settlers landed at Jamestown in 1607 . Powhatan , alternately called `` King '' or `` Chief '' Powahatan by the English , led the main political and military power facing the early colonists , was probably the older brother of Opechancanough , who led attacks against the English in 1622 and 1644 . He was the father of Pocahontas , who eventually converted to Christianity and married the English settler John Rolfe . ", "Pocahontas is a village in Cape Girardeau County , Missouri , United States . The population was 114 at the 2010 census . It is part of the Cape Girardeau -- Jackson , MO-IL Metropolitan Statistical Area . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Lois_Lane", "Nellie_Bly", "Faith_Soloway", "Annie_Reilly", "Isa_Bowman" ]

[ "Lois Lane is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics , commonly in association with the superhero Superman . Created by writer Jerry Siegel and artist Joe Shuster , she first appeared in Action Comics # 1 -LRB- June 1938 -RRB- . Lois is a reporter for the Metropolis newspaper , the Daily Planet , an award-winning journalist and the primary love interest of Superman . Her physical appearance was originally based on Joanne Carter , a model hired by Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster , and Siegel 's future wife . For her character , Siegel was inspired by actress Glenda Farrell , the movie star who portrayed Torchy Blane -- a gutsy , beautiful headline-hunting reporter , starring in a series of 1930s films . Siegel took her name from actress Lola Lane . She was also influenced by the real-life journalist Nellie Bly . Depictions of the character have varied spanning the comics and other media adaptations . The original Golden Age version of Lois Lane , as well as versions of her from the 1970s onwards , portrays Lois as a tough-as-nails journalist and intellectually equal to Superman . During the Silver Age of Comics , she was the star of Superman 's Girl Friend , Lois Lane , a comic book series that had a light and humorous tone . Beginning in 2015 , she stars as the protagonist in the young adult novel series , Lois Lane , by writer Gwenda Bond . Lois is among the best-known female comic book characters . She has appeared in various Superman media adaptations . Actress Noel Neill first portrayed Lois Lane in the 1940s Superman film series and late reprise her role in the 1950s television series Adventures of Superman . Margot Kidder played the character in four Superman films in the 1970s and '80s . Teri Hatcher portrayed her in the 1990s television series Lois & Clark : The New Adventures of Superman and Erica Durance in the ' 00s series , Smallville . In the 2006 film Superman Returns , she was played by Kate Bosworth . The character was most recently portrayed by actress Amy Adams in the films Man of Steel -LRB- 2013 -RRB- and Batman v Superman : Dawn of Justice -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . ", "Elizabeth Cochran Seaman -LRB- May 5 , 1864 -- January 27 , 1922 -RRB- , known by her pen name Nellie Bly , was an American journalist . She was also a writer , industrialist , inventor , and a charity worker who was widely known for her record-breaking trip around the world in 72 days , in emulation of Jules Verne 's fictional character Phileas Fogg , and an exposé in which she faked insanity to study a mental institution from within . She was a pioneer in her field , and launched a new kind of investigative journalism . ", "Faith Soloway -LRB- born March 28 , 1964 -RRB- is an American folk-rock musician , comedic performer , and creator of several folk-rock musicals . She studied theater at Indiana University and performed improv comedy regularly , along with leaving school to tour with Second City . She spent three years as music director for Second City , which led to the creation of Soloway 's first original musical , The Real Life Brady Bunch . The show , which premiered in 1990 , was a collaboration with her sister , Jill Soloway , and it toured across the country . Both Soloway sisters moved to Hollywood briefly to produce television shows , but Faith Soloway decided she was not interested in television work and in 1994 , moved to Cambridge , Massachusetts to pursue a songwriting career . After performing at open mike nights as a solo musician , Soloway began producing a series of rock operas that were performed at Club Passim . She started with the minimalist The Principal and the Potter , which was followed by Miss Folk America -LRB- which featured what became one of Soloway 's signature songs , Queer in Revere and Debbie Does Falcon Ridge , both of which parodied the folk scene . In 2000 , Soloway produced Miss Folk America at the Somerville Theater , a larger venue . This was followed by Jesus Has Two Mommies -LRB- the title refers to the controversial children 's book Heather Has Two Mommies -RRB- , which featured such notable Boston folk musicians as Catie Curtis and Jennifer Kimball . Soloway also works at Charles River Creative Arts Program , in Dover , Massachusetts in the summer , in the theater and music departments . For the camp , she has written the musicals `` Harrie '' `` Norbert Beany is Action Man '' and `` Hamletta '' with Tom Evans . Soloway 's lone solo album , Training Wheels , features her song Lesbo Song , which is at once a statement of her sexuality and a tweaking of the earnest , humorless stereotype of women 's music . Her song Sister 's Boyfriend was featured on the Respond compilation , a benefit for domestic violence causes . She continues to perform with her band , the Faith Soloway Crisis . Soloway 's ex-partner , writer Harlyn Aizley , wrote a book entitled Buying Dad about the couple 's efforts to conceive a child via artificial insemination -LRB- their daughter Betsy was born in 2002 -RRB- . Soloway wrote an essay , Betsy Loves Bobbies , that will appear in a forthcoming anthology edited by Aizley , The Other Mother : Tales from the Lesbian Home-front , or , Nonbiological Mothers Tell All . After the couple separated , Soloway started work on a new show , `` Journey to the Self : One Woman 's Self Journey '' . Her new partner , Carol Rosenthal , is very active in Hollywood . ", "`` Little '' Annie Reilly -LRB- 1844-unknown -RRB- , also known under the aliases Kate Cooley , Connelly and Manning , was a 19th-century American thief and con artist widely regarded as `` the cleverest woman in her line in America '' . A well-known member of New York 's underworld , she was part of an elite `` inner circle '' of female career criminals under Marm Mandelbaum during the 1860s and 1870s . These included some of the most notorious thieves , blackmailers and confidence women in the country such as Lena Kleinschmidt , Sophie Lyons , Kid Glove Rosey , Queen Liz , Big Mary and Old Mother Hubbard , ", "Isa Bowman -LRB- 1874 -- 1958 -RRB- was an actress , a close friend of Lewis Carroll and author of a memoir about his life , The Story of Lewis Carroll , Told for Young People by the Real Alice in Wonderland . She met Carroll in 1886 when she played a small part in the stage version of Alice in Wonderland : she played the part of Alice in the 1888 revival . She visited and stayed with him between the ages of fifteen and nineteen : Carroll described a visit in July 1888 in Isa 's Visit to Oxford , which she reprinted in her memoir . Carroll introduced her to Ellen Terry , who gave her elocution lessons . Carroll dedicated his last novel Sylvie and Bruno to her in 1889 : her name appears in a double acrostic poem in the introduction . She married the journalist George Reginald Bacchus in 1899 . In 1899-1900 Bacchus published a fictionalised version of her life in Society , a magazine he was editing . The publisher Leonard Smithers then commissioned a pornographic version which was published as The Confessions of Nemesis Hunt -LRB- issued in three volumes 1902 , 1903 , 1906 -RRB- . Isa Bowman was the daughter of Charles Andrew Bowman -LRB- b. 1851 -RRB- , a music teacher , and Helen Herd , née Holmes . Her sisters , Empsie , Nellie -LRB- Mrs Spens -RRB- and Maggie -LRB- Mrs Tom Morton -RRB- Bowman were all actresses , and also friends of Carroll . According to Maggie 's father-in-law , William Morton , the sisters were all actresses from a very early age . He said that Maggie had an amusing diary in rhyme written by Carroll about her visit to Oxford as a young child . Isa played a small part in the 1949 British film Vote for Huggett , together with her sisters Empsie and Nellie . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Elizabeth_of_York", "Elizabeth_I_of_England", "Margaret_Holland,_Duchess_of_Clarence", "Maud_Francis,_Countess_of_Salisbury", "Catherine_Woodville,_Duchess_of_Buckingham" ]

[ "Elizabeth of York -LRB- 11 February 1466 -- 11 February 1503 -RRB- was queen consort of England from 1486 until her death . As the wife of Henry VII , she was the first Tudor queen . She was the daughter of Edward IV and niece of Richard III , and she married the king following Henry 's victory at the Battle of Bosworth which started the last phase of the Wars of the Roses . She was the mother of King Henry VIII . Therefore , she was the daughter , sister , niece , wife , mother and grandmother of successive Kings of England . The period of Henry VI 's readaption from October 1470 until April 1471 and the period between her father 's death in 1483 , when she was 17 , and the making of peace between her mother and her uncle Richard were violent and anxious interludes in what was mostly a peaceful life . Her two brothers disappeared , the `` Princes in the Tower '' , their fate unknown . She was welcomed back to court by her Uncle Richard III , along with all of her sisters . As a Yorkist princess , the final victory of the Lancastrian faction in the War of the Roses may have seemed a further disaster , but Henry Tudor knew the importance of Yorkist support for his invasion and promised to marry her before he arrived in England ; this was an important move , which , however , failed to bring him the desired Yorkist support . Her marriage seems to have been successful , though her eldest son Arthur , Prince of Wales , died at age 15 in 1502 , and three other children died young . She seems to have played little part in politics . Her surviving children became a King of England and queens of France and Scotland ; it is through the Scottish Stuart dynasty that her many modern royal descendants trace their descent from her . ", "Elizabeth I -LRB- 7 September 1533 -- 24 March 1603 -RRB- was Queen of England and Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death . Sometimes called The Virgin Queen , Gloriana or Good Queen Bess , the childless Elizabeth was the last monarch of the Tudor dynasty . Elizabeth was the daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn , his second wife , who was executed two-and-a-half years after Elizabeth 's birth . Anne 's marriage to Henry VIII was annulled , and Elizabeth was declared illegitimate . Her half-brother , Edward VI , ruled until his death in 1553 , bequeathing the crown to Lady Jane Grey and ignoring the claims of his two half-sisters , Elizabeth and the Roman Catholic Mary , in spite of statute law to the contrary . Edward 's will was set aside and Mary became queen , deposing Lady Jane Grey . During Mary 's reign , Elizabeth was imprisoned for nearly a year on suspicion of supporting Protestant rebels . In 1558 , Elizabeth succeeded her half-sister to the throne and set out to rule by good counsel . She depended heavily on a group of trusted advisers , led by William Cecil , 1st Baron Burghley . One of her first actions as queen was the establishment of an English Protestant church , of which she became the Supreme Governor . This Elizabethan Religious Settlement was to evolve into the Church of England . It was expected that Elizabeth would marry and produce an heir to continue the Tudor line . She never did , despite numerous courtships . As she grew older , Elizabeth became famous for her virginity . A cult grew around her which was celebrated in the portraits , pageants , and literature of the day . In government , Elizabeth was more moderate than her father and half-siblings had been . One of her mottoes was `` video et taceo '' -LRB- `` I see but say nothing '' -RRB- . In religion , she was relatively tolerant and avoided systematic persecution . After the pope declared her illegitimate in 1570 and released her subjects from obedience to her , several conspiracies threatened her life , all of which were defeated with the help of her ministers ' secret service . Elizabeth was cautious in foreign affairs , manoeuvring between the major powers of France and Spain . She only half-heartedly supported a number of ineffective , poorly resourced military campaigns in the Netherlands , France , and Ireland . By the mid-1580s , England could no longer avoid war with Spain . England 's defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588 associated Elizabeth with one of the greatest military victories in English history . Elizabeth 's reign is known as the Elizabethan era . The period is famous for the flourishing of English drama , led by playwrights such as William Shakespeare and Christopher Marlowe , and for the seafaring prowess of English adventurers such as Francis Drake . Some historians depict Elizabeth as a short-tempered , sometimes indecisive ruler , who enjoyed more than her share of luck . Towards the end of her reign , a series of economic and military problems weakened her popularity . Elizabeth is acknowledged as a charismatic performer and a dogged survivor in an era when government was ramshackle and limited , and when monarchs in neighbouring countries faced internal problems that jeopardised their thrones . Such was the case with Elizabeth 's rival , Mary , Queen of Scots , whom she imprisoned in 1568 and had executed in 1587 . After the short reigns of Elizabeth 's half-siblings , her 44 years on the throne provided welcome stability for the kingdom and helped forge a sense of national identity . ", "Margaret Holland , Countess of Somerset -LRB- 1385 -- 31 December 1439 -RRB- was the daughter of Thomas Holland , 2nd Earl of Kent , who was the son of Joan `` the Fair Maid of Kent '' -LRB- granddaughter of Edward I of England , wife of Edward the Black Prince and mother of Richard II of England -RRB- . Margaret 's mother was Alice FitzAlan , daughter of Richard FitzAlan , 10th Earl of Arundel and Eleanor of Lancaster . Margaret married John Beaufort , 1st Earl of Somerset , son of John of Gaunt , 1st Duke of Lancaster and his mistress Katherine Swynford . They had six children : Henry Beaufort , 2nd Earl of Somerset -LRB- c. 1401 -- 25 November 1418 -RRB- . John Beaufort , 1st Duke of Somerset -LRB- baptized 25 March 1404 -- 27 May 1444 -RRB- . Thomas Beaufort , Count of Perche -LRB- c. 1405 -- 1431 -RRB- . Lady Joan Beaufort -LRB- c. 1406 -- 15 July 1445 -RRB- , who married James I of Scotland and Sir James Stewart , the Black Knight of Lorn . Edmund Beaufort , 2nd Duke of Somerset -LRB- c. 1406 -- 22 May 1455 -RRB- . Lady Margaret Beaufort , Countess of Devon -LRB- c. 1409 -- 1449 -RRB- , married Thomas de Courtenay , 13th Earl of Devon . In 1399 , she was invested as a Lady Companion , Order of the Garter -LRB- L.G. -RRB- . After Beaufort died in 1410 -LRB- in the Tower of London -RRB- , she married his nephew Thomas of Lancaster , 1st Duke of Clarence , the son of King Henry IV . They had no children . She died on 31 December 1439 at St. Saviour 's Abbey , Bermondsey , in London , England . Margaret and both her husbands are buried together in a carved alabaster tomb in Canterbury Cathedral that shows her lying between the two of them . ", "Maud Francis , Countess of Salisbury -LRB- c. 1370 -- c. 1424 -RRB- was daughter of Sir Adam Francis , born 1362 , Mayor of London , and Agnes Champnes . She was married and widowed three times . Her first husband was John Aubrey -LRB- son of another Mayor of London , Andrew Aubrey -RRB- and her second Sir Alan Buxhull , KG in 1372 . Her third husband was John Montacute , 3rd Earl of Salisbury , and they had five children : Richard Montacute Thomas Montacute , 4th Earl of Salisbury Lady Anne Montacute who married Sir Richard II Hankford as his second wife , then Sir Lewis Johan as his second wife and thirdly John Holland , 2nd Duke of Exeter as his third wife . Lady Anne was the mother of Anne Hankford by her first marriage . Lady Margaret Montacute Lady Elizabeth Montacute Following the death of Mary de Bohun , her son , the future Henry V , was given into the care of the Earl and Countess of Salisbury by his father , Henry Bolingbroke , the future King Henry IV of England . They cared for him at the manor of Courtfield in Herefordshire . An effigy in the church at Welsh Bicknor is believed to be that of the countess . In 1400 , the Earl of Salisbury was executed for treason by King Henry IV . In 1420 , Maud petitioned King Henry V to have the earl 's remains transferred from Cirencester Abbey to Bisham Priory . ", "Catherine Woodville -LRB- or Wydeville ; c. 1458 -- 18 May 1497 -RRB- was an English medieval noblewoman . She was the sister-in-law of King Edward IV of England and gave birth to several illustrious children . Catherine was the daughter of Richard Woodville , 1st Earl Rivers , and Jacquetta of Luxembourg . When her sister Elizabeth married King Edward IV , the King elevated and promoted many members of the Woodville family . Elizabeth Woodville 's household records for 1466/67 indicate that Catherine was being raised in the queen 's household . Sometime before the coronation of Elizabeth in May 1465 , Catherine was married to Henry Stafford , 2nd Duke of Buckingham ; both were still children . A contemporary description of Elizabeth Woodville 's coronation relates that Catherine and her husband were carried on squires ' shoulders due to their youth . According to Dominic Mancini , Buckingham resented his marriage to a woman of inferior birth . However , the couple had four children : Edward Stafford , 3rd Duke of Buckingham -LRB- 3 February 1478 -- 17 May 1521 -RRB- Elizabeth Stafford , Countess of Sussex -LRB- ca. 1479 -- 11 May 1532 -RRB- Henry Stafford , 1st Earl of Wiltshire -LRB- c. 1479 -- 6 April 1523 -RRB- Anne Stafford , Countess of Huntingdon -LRB- c. 1483 -- 1544 -RRB- In 1483 , Buckingham first allied himself to the Richard , Duke of Gloucester , helping him succeed to the throne as Richard III , and then to Henry Tudor , leading an unsuccessful rebellion in his name . Buckingham was executed for treason on 2 November 1483 . After Richard III was defeated by Henry Tudor at Bosworth in 1485 , Catherine married the new king 's uncle Jasper Tudor on 7 November 1485 . After Jasper 's death in 1495 - not later than 24 February 1496 , - Catherine married Richard Wingfield , who outlived her . " ]

[ 2, 1, 1, 0, 1 ]

[ "Shannon_Lee", "Bethany_Joy_Lenz", "Chumlee", "Ruth_Reichl", "Chelsie_Preston_Crayford" ]

[ "Shannon Emery Lee -LRB- born April 19 , 1969 -RRB- is an American actress , martial artist and businesswoman . She is the daughter of martial arts film star Bruce Lee and Linda Lee Cadwell , the granddaughter of Cantonese opera singer Lee Hoi-Chuen , and the younger sister of Brandon Lee . ", "Bethany Joy Lenz -LRB- formerly Galeotti ; born April 2 , 1981 -RRB- , also credited as Joie Lenz , is an American actress singer-songwriter and filmmaker , best known for her portrayal of Haley James Scott on The WB/CW television drama One Tree Hill . She has also starred as Michelle Bauer Santos on the CBS Daytime soap opera Guiding Light and is recognized for her music as a solo artist and as a member of the band Everly . ", "Austin Lee Russell -LRB- born September 8 , 1982 -RRB- , better known by his stage name of Chumlee , is an American actor , businessman and reality television personality , known as a cast member on the History Channel television show Pawn Stars , which depicts the daily business at the Gold and Silver Pawn Shop in Las Vegas where Russell works as an employee . Chumlee came to work at the pawn shop five years before filming of the first season , having been a childhood friend of Corey Harrison , whose father , Rick Harrison , and grandfather , Richard Benjamin Harrison , opened the shop in 1989 . On the show , he is often portrayed as the comic foil , but often appraises items in his area of expertise of pinball machines , sneakers and video games , and is considered the breakout character of the series . ", "Ruth Reichl -LRB- pronounced RYE-shil -RRB- is an American chef , food writer , co-producer of PBS 's Gourmet 's Diary of a Foodie , culinary editor for the Modern Library , host of PBS 's Gourmet 's Adventures With Ruth , and the last editor-in-chief of the now shuttered Gourmet magazine . She has written critically acclaimed , best-selling memoirs : Tender at the Bone : Growing Up at the Table , Comfort Me with Apples : More Adventures at the Table , Garlic and Sapphires : The Secret Life of a Critic in Disguise and Not Becoming My Mother . In 2009 she published Gourmet Today a 1,008 page cookbook containing over 1,000 recipes . She published her first novel , Delicious ! in 2014 , and , in 2015 , published My Kitchen Year : 136 Recipes That Saved My Life , a memoir of recipes prepared in the year following the shuttering of Gourmet . ", "Chelsie Florence Preston Crayford -LRB- born 1987 -RRB- is a New Zealand actress . Preston Crayford was born in Wellington to film maker Gaylene Preston and musician Jonathan Crayford . Apart from appearing in a water safety commercial at the age of four , her acting debut was at the age of 13 in the New Zealand-made TV series A Twist in the Tale starring William Shatner . Several years later , her performance in a stage production was praised by Ian McKellen , encouraging her to pursue an acting career and enrol in the Toi Whakaari national drama school from 2006 to 2008 . Preston Crayford played a guest role in the soap opera Shortland Street in 2003 , and made her feature film debut in the comedy Eagle vs Shark in 2007 . In 2009 , she played a major role in the TV series The Cult . In 2011 , she played brothel madam Tilly Devine in the Australian crime drama Underbelly : Razor , a role for which she won the Graham Kennedy Award for Most Outstanding Newcomer at the 2012 Logie Awards . Since then she has appeared in an ABC TV adaptation of The Mystery of a Hansom Cab , in Hope and Wire -LRB- a mini-series produced by her mother about the 2010 Canterbury earthquake -RRB- , and as government communications advisor Sophie Walsh in the Australian techno-thriller The Code . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Honeymoon_-LRB-Lana_Del_Rey_album-RRB-", "Gypsy_Honeymoon-COLON-_The_Best_of_Kim_Carnes", "Honeymoon_Trip", "My_Christmas", "Home_-LRB-Angela_Aki_album-RRB-" ]

[ "Honeymoon is the fourth studio album and third major-label record by American singer and songwriter Lana Del Rey . It was released on September 18 , 2015 , by Polydor Records and Interscope Records , and was produced by Del Rey alongside longtime collaborators Rick Nowels and Kieron Menzies . The album is , stylistically , described as a departure from the rock-oriented music of Del Rey 's previous album Ultraviolence and a return to the baroque pop of Born to Die and Paradise . Lyrically , the album touches on themes of tortured romance , bitterness , lust , escapism , and violence . Upon release , Honeymoon received positive reviews from music critics , appearing on the 2015 best albums lists of many publications . Many critics consider the album Del Rey 's best album to date . The album debuted at number two on the US Billboard 200 , selling 116,000 units in first week , and peaking at number one in Australia , Greece and Ireland . The album was supported by the release of two singles : `` High by the Beach '' , and `` Music to Watch Boys To '' . ", "Gypsy Honeymoon : The Best of Kim Carnes is a compilation album by Kim Carnes , released in 1993 . The album received a worldwide release and featured some tracks not previously released in the US or any European territories . Carnes picked the tracks herself . The title track , `` Gypsy Honeymoon '' , was released as a single in Europe , giving Carnes a minor hit in Germany -LRB- # 65 -RRB- where she returned to the charts after an 11-year gap . Collin Raye recorded a version of Gypsy Honeymoon on his 2002 album `` Ca n't Back Down '' . Carnes provided backing vocals for the track . Some of the tracks on the album such as `` I 'll Be Here Where the Heart Is '' and `` Bette Davis Eyes '' were newly mixed and do not sound exactly the same as their original release . ", "Honeymoon Trip -LRB- French : Voyage de noces -RRB- is a 1933 Austrian-French comedy film directed by Germain Fried , Joe May and Erich Schmidt . It stars Brigitte Helm , Albert Préjean and Jacqueline Made . A separate German-language film Three on a Honeymoon was also made . The film 's sets were designed by Artur Berger . ", "My Christmas is the thirteenth studio album and first Christmas album released by Italian tenor Andrea Bocelli . The album is a compilation of seasonal holiday favorites , mainly in English , with a few selections in Italian , German , and French , produced by multiple Grammy Award winner David Foster , containing duets with Mary J. Blige , Natalie Cole , Reba McEntire , Katherine Jenkins , The Mormon Tabernacle Choir , and The Muppets . It also includes `` God Bless Us Everyone '' , the only original song of the album , which Bocelli recorded for the closing of the 2009 film , A Christmas Carol . A Spanish version of the album , called Mi Navidad , was released November 23 , 2009 , and a PBS Christmas special of the album , filmed in the Kodak Theatre , was released on DVD December 8 , 2010 , after airing on PBS stations nationwide . With over 2.2 million copies sold in the last two months of 2009 in the United States alone , the album was the best-selling holiday album of the year , and one of the best-selling albums of 2009 , with worldwide sales exceeding 5 million copies . As of November 2014 , My Christmas has sold over 3,010,000 copies in the United States , making it one of the best-selling holiday albums in the United States , since Nielsen SoundScan tracking music sales tracking began in 1991 . ", "Home is the first major-label album from Angela Aki . The album includes the songs from the singles released over the monthly period . In addition to the normal version of the album , a limited edition was also released . A special song entitled `` Rain '' from her previous mini album One is also featured . The album has charted at # 2 on the Oricon Charts , selling well over 121,000 copies in its first week . " ]

[ 2, 1, 1, 1, 0 ]

[ "One_True_Thing", "Information_Sources_in_Law", "What_is_truth", "Great_books", "A_Very_Natural_Thing" ]

[ "One True Thing is a 1998 American drama film directed by Carl Franklin . It tells the story of a woman who is forced to put her life on hold in order to care for her mother who is dying of cancer . It was adapted by Karen Croner from the novel by Anna Quindlen . The novel and film are based on Anna Quindlen 's real life and her struggle of dealing with the death of her mother , Prudence Pantano Quindlen in 1972 , due to ovarian cancer . The film stars Meryl Streep , Renée Zellweger , William Hurt and Tom Everett Scott . Bette Midler sings the lead song , `` My One True Friend '' , over the end credits . The track was first released on Midler 's 1998 album Bathhouse Betty . It was shot in Morristown , NJ , Maplewood , NJ , as well as in Princeton University . ", "Information Sources in Law is a book . ", "What is truth may refer to : John 18:38 , a verse from the Bible , also known as `` What is truth ? '' Edi Nijam , a 1965 Telugu film whose English title is What is Truth `` What Is Truth '' , a 1970 single by Johnny Cash What is Truth ? , a 1976 book by philosopher C. J. F. Williams ", "The great books are books that are thought to constitute an essential foundation in the literature of Western culture . Specified sets of great books typically range from 100 -- 150 , though they differ according to purpose and context . For instance , some lists are built to be read by undergraduates in a college semester system -LRB- 130 books , Torrey Honors Institute -RRB- , some are compiled to be sold as a single set of volumes -LRB- 500 books , Mortimer Adler -RRB- , while some lists aim at a thorough literary criticism -LRB- 2,400 books , Harold Bloom -RRB- . ", "A Very Natural Thing is a 1974 film about a gay man named David who leaves a monastery to become a public school teacher by day , while looking for true love in a gay bar by night . It was one of the first films about gay relationships intended for mainstream , commercial distribution . The original title of the film was For as Long as Possible . It was directed by Christopher Larkin and was released to lukewarm reviews in 1973 and given an R rating by the Motion Picture Association of America . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 1 ]

[ "Sean_Gunn", "Kyle_MacLachlan", "Nathan_Parsons", "Kyle_Lowder", "Sean_McVay" ]

[ "Sean Gunn is an American actor , best known for his role as Kirk Gleason on the television show Gilmore Girls -LRB- 2000 -- 2007 -RRB- and Kraglin in Guardians of the Galaxy . He is the younger brother of filmmaker James Gunn . ", "Kyle Merritt MacLachlan -LRB- -LSB- məˈglɒklən -RSB- born February 22 , 1959 -RRB- is an American actor . MacLachlan is best known for his role as Dale Cooper in Twin Peaks -LRB- 1990 -- 1991 ; 2017 -RRB- and its subsequent film continuation Twin Peaks : Fire Walk with Me -LRB- 1992 -RRB- , as well as in cult films such as two of David Lynch 's films : Paul Atreides in Dune -LRB- 1984 -RRB- and Jeffrey Beaumont in Blue Velvet -LRB- 1986 -RRB- . MacLachlan 's other film roles include Lloyd Gallagher in the science fiction action film The Hidden -LRB- 1987 -RRB- , Ray Manzarek in The Doors -LRB- 1991 -RRB- , Clifford Vandercave in The Flintstones -LRB- 1994 -RRB- , and the voice of Riley 's dad in Inside Out -LRB- 2015 -RRB- . He has also had prominent roles in television shows including appearing as Trey MacDougal in Sex and the City -LRB- 2000 -- 2002 -RRB- , Orson Hodge in Desperate Housewives -LRB- 2006 -- 2012 -RRB- , The Captain in How I Met Your Mother -LRB- 2010 -- 14 -RRB- , the Mayor of Portland in Portlandia -LRB- 2011 -- 2017 -RRB- , and Calvin Zabo in Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. -LRB- 2014 -- 2015 -RRB- . MacLachlan has won a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor -- Television Series Drama and has been nominated for two Emmy Awards , all for Twin Peaks . ", "Nathan Dean Parsons -LRB- born 16 June 1988 -RRB- is an Australian-born American actor , best known for his work in daytime television on the ABC daytime soap opera General Hospital as the character of Ethan Lovett . He also had roles on primetime television shows as vampire James Kent on the seventh and final season of the HBO drama series True Blood , and recently exited the role of werewolf Jackson Kenner on The CW drama series The Originals . Also played the role as extra camera man in the Disney channel movie Starstruck along with his `` The Originals '' costar Danielle Campbell ", "Kyle Brandon Lowder -LRB- born August 27 , 1980 -RRB- is an American actor . He is known for his role as Brady Black on Days of Our Lives -LRB- 2000 -- 2005 -RRB- and for his role as Rick Forrester on The Bold and the Beautiful -LRB- 2007 -- 2011 -RRB- . ", "Sean McVay -LRB- born January 24 , 1986 -RRB- is an American football coach and former player who is the head coach of the Los Angeles Rams of the National Football League -LRB- NFL -RRB- . Upon his hiring in 2017 at the age of 30 , he became the youngest head coach in modern NFL history . " ]

[ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Stomp_the_Yard", "Craft_of_Scandinavia", "Foot_Locker", "Columbus_Short", "Adidas" ]

[ "Stomp the Yard is a 2007 dance drama film produced by Rainforest Films and released through Sony Pictures ' Screen Gems division on January 12 , 2007 . Directed by Sylvain White , Stomp the Yard centers on DJ Williams , a college student at a fictional historically Black university who pledges to join a fictional Greek-letter fraternity . The film 's central conflict involves DJ 's fraternity competing in various stepping competitions against a rival fraternity from the same school . The film 's script was written by Robert Adetuyi , working from an original draft by Gregory Ramon Anderson . The film was originally titled Steppin '' ' , but to avoid confusion over the 2006 film Step Up , the title was changed . Delta Sigma Theta along with other sororities like Gamma Theta were in the movie . The film stars Columbus Short , Meagan Good , Darrin Henson , Brian White , Laz Alonso , and Valarie Pettiford , with Harry Lennix , and , in their film debuts , R&B singers Ne-Yo & Chris Brown . Stomp the Yard was filmed in Atlanta , Georgia , on the campuses of Morris Brown College , Georgia Institute of Technology , Morehouse College , and Clark Atlanta University , and in the MAK Historic District of Decatur , Georgia . Elsewhere Short and Brown had also starred together in the film This Christmas '' . ", "Swedish brand CRAFT is a producer of functional sports apparel . The company is based in Borås , an old , traditional textile industry town in the South of Sweden . The initial concept of founder Anders Bengtsson was to develop underwear , which propels moisture away from the skin during physical activity -- and thus guarantees the perfect microclimate . CRAFT started with technical baselayers and soon developed the three layer principle with a 2nd layer of insulation and moisture transportation and an outer shell for protection . Today , the company offers gear for all kinds of sports focusing with layer 3 on running , triathlon , bike and cross-country skiing . ", "Foot Locker Retail , Inc. is an American sportswear and footwear retailer , with its headquarters in Midtown Manhattan , New York City , and operating in 28 countries worldwide . Although established in 1974 , and founded as a separate company in 1988 , Foot Locker is a successor corporation to the F. W. Woolworth Company -LRB- `` Woolworth 's '' -RRB- , as many of its freestanding stores were former Woolworth 's locations . The company operates the eponymous `` Foot Locker '' chain of athletic footwear retail outlets -LRB- along with `` Kids Foot Locker '' and `` Lady Foot Locker '' stores -RRB- , and other athletic-based divisions including Champs Sports , Footaction USA , House of Hoops , and Eastbay/Footlocker . com , which owns the rights to Final Score . The company is also famous for its employees ' uniforms at its flagship Foot Locker chain , resembling those of referees . According to the company 's filings with the SEC , as of January 28 , 2017 , Foot Locker , Inc. had 3,363 primarily mall-based stores in the United States , Canada , Europe , and Asia . ", "Columbus Keith Short , Jr. -LRB- born September 19 , 1982 -RRB- is an American choreographer , actor , and singer . He choreographed Britney Spears 's Onyx Hotel Tour and worked with Brian Friedman -LRB- of So You Think You Can Dance fame -RRB- . He is best known for his roles in the films Stomp the Yard , Cadillac Records , Armored , and The Losers . He previously starred as a series regular in the ABC drama Scandal , as Harrison Wright . On April 26 , 2014 , it was announced that Short would leave Scandal after three seasons with the show . ", "Adidas AG -LRB- -LSB- ˈadiˌdas -RSB- -RRB- -LRB- stylised as adidas since 1949 -RRB- is a German multinational corporation , headquartered in Herzogenaurach , Germany , that designs and manufactures shoes , clothing and accessories . It is the largest sportswear manufacturer in Europe , and the second biggest in the world . It is the holding company for the Adidas Group , which consists of the Reebok sportswear company , TaylorMade-Adidas golf company -LRB- including Ashworth -RRB- , 9.1 % of Bayern Munich and Runtastic , an Austrian fitness technology company . Adidas revenue for 2016 was listed at $ 19.29 billion . Adidas was registered on 18 August 1949 by Adolf Dassler , following a family feud at the Gebrüder Dassler Schuhfabrik company between him and his older brother Rudolf . Rudolf had earlier established Puma , which quickly became the business rival of Adidas , and is also headquartered in Herzogenaurach . The company 's clothing and shoe designs typically feature three parallel bars , and the same motif is incorporated into Adidas 's current official logo . The brand name is uncapitalized and is stylized with a lower case `` a '' . " ]

[ 1, 2, 2, 1, 2 ]

[ "Maximum_Overdrive", "The_Dead_Zone_-LRB-novel-RRB-", "Stephen_King", "Stephen_Mirrione", "The_Slow_Mutants" ]

[ "Maximum Overdrive is a 1986 American science fiction action horror comedy film written and directed by Stephen King . The film stars Emilio Estevez , Pat Hingle , Laura Harrington , and Yeardley Smith . The screenplay was inspired by and loosely based on King 's short story `` Trucks '' , which was included in King 's first collection of short stories , Night Shift . Maximum Overdrive is King 's only directorial effort , though dozens of films have been based on one of his novels or short stories . The film contained black humor elements and a generally campy tone , which contrasts with King 's sombre subject matter in books . The film has a mid-1980s hard rock soundtrack composed entirely by the group AC/DC , King 's favorite band . AC/DC 's album Who Made Who was released as the Maximum Overdrive soundtrack . It includes the best-selling singles `` Who Made Who '' , `` You Shook Me All Night Long '' , and `` Hells Bells '' . The film was nominated for two Golden Raspberry Awards including Worst Director for King and Worst Actor for Estevez in 1987 , but both lost against Prince for Under the Cherry Moon . In 1988 , Maximum Overdrive was nominated for `` Best Film '' at the International Fantasy Film Awards . King himself described the film as a `` moron movie '' and stated his intention to never direct again soon after . King considers the film a learning experience . ", "The Dead Zone is a science-fiction thriller novel by Stephen King published in 1979 . It concerns Johnny Smith , who is injured in an accident and remains in a coma for nearly five years . Upon emergence , he exhibits clairvoyance and precognition with limitations , apparently due to a `` dead zone '' , an area of his brain that suffered permanent damage as the result of his accident . The Dead Zone was nominated for the Locus Award in 1980 . The book is dedicated to King 's son , Owen . The book spawned a 1983 film adaptation , and a television series . ", "Stephen Edwin King -LRB- born September 21 , 1947 -RRB- is an American author of horror , supernatural fiction , suspense , science fiction , and fantasy . His books have sold more than 350 million copies , many of which have been adapted into feature films , miniseries , television shows , and comic books . King has published 54 novels , including seven under the pen name Richard Bachman , and six non-fiction books . He has written nearly 200 short stories , most of which have been collected in book collections . Many of his stories are set in his home state of Maine . His novella Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption was the basis for the movie The Shawshank Redemption which is widely regarded as one of the greatest films of all time . King has received Bram Stoker Awards , World Fantasy Awards , and British Fantasy Society Awards . His novella The Way Station -LRB- 1980 -RRB- was a Nebula Award novelette nominee . In 2003 , the National Book Foundation awarded him the Medal for Distinguished Contribution to American Letters . His short story `` The Man in the Black Suit '' -LRB- 1994 -RRB- received the O. Henry Award . He has also received awards for his contribution to literature for his entire oeuvre , such as the World Fantasy Award for Life Achievement -LRB- 2004 -RRB- , the Canadian Booksellers Association Lifetime Achievement Award -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , and the Grand Master Award from the Mystery Writers of America -LRB- 2007 -RRB- . In 2015 , King was awarded with a National Medal of Arts from the United States National Endowment for the Arts for his contributions to literature . ", "Stephen Mirrione -LRB- born February 17 , 1969 -RRB- is an American film editor . He won an Academy Award for his editing of the film Traffic -LRB- 2000 -RRB- . ", "`` The Slow Mutants '' is a fantasy novella by American writer Stephen King , originally published in The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction in July 1981 . In 1982 , `` The Slow Mutants '' was collected with four other stories King published in The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction as The Dark Tower : The Gunslinger . `` The Slow Mutants '' formed the fourth chapter of the book , and was slightly revised for the inclusion . " ]

[ 2, 0, 2, 0, 0 ]

[ "Dawood_Ibrahim", "D-Company", "Bahr_Idriss_Abu_Garda", "Riz_Ahmed", "Robert_\"Kool\"_Bell" ]

[ "Dawood Ibrahim -LRB- Marathi : दाऊद इब्राहीम कासकर , born Dawood Ibrahim Kaskar 26 December 1955 -RRB- , known as Dawood Bhai or simply Bhai is a gangster and terrorist originally from Dongri in Mumbai , India . The word `` Bhai '' means `` Big brother '' . In the lingo of the Mumbai underworld , the word `` Bhai '' is attributed to members of the underworld who hold considerable power . He heads the Indian organised crime syndicate D-Company founded in Mumbai . He is currently on the wanted list of Interpol for cheating , criminal conspiracy and running an organised crime syndicate . He was number three on the The World 's 10 Most Wanted . ", "Dawood Company is a term coined by the media for the organized criminal group controlled by wanted terrorist and crime boss Dawood Ibrahim ", "Bahr Idriss Abu Garda -LRB- born 1 January 1963 -RRB- is the leader of the United Resistance Front , a rebel group fighting against the Sudanese government in Darfur . He is a former commander of the Justice and Equality Movement . Abu Garda was summonsed to appear before the International Criminal Court for alleged war crimes relating to a 2007 attack in which twelve African Union peacekeepers were killed . He is the first person ever to appear voluntarily before the ICC , and the first person to appear before the court in connection with the war in Darfur . He denies the allegations against him and says `` I am looking forward to clear my name from this case because I am sure ... that absolutely I am not guilty '' . The hearing to confirm the charges against him was held from 19 -- 29 October 2009 , ending in a decision by the judges not to confirm the charges ", "Rizwan Ahmed -LRB- -LSB- ; born 1 December 1982 -RRB- , also known as Riz MC , is a British actor and rapper of Pakistani descent . As an actor , he was initially known for his work in independent films such as The Road to Guantanamo , Shifty , Four Lions , Trishna , and Ill Manors , before his breakout role in Nightcrawler . Since then , he has appeared in the films Una , Jason Bourne , and the first Star Wars Anthology film , Rogue One . He also starred in the HBO miniseries The Night Of as Nasir Khan ; the show and his performance were critically lauded , earning him Golden Globe and SAG nominations . He appeared on TIME magazine 's The Most Influential People of 2017 list . As a rapper , he is a member of the Swet Shop Boys . ", "Robert Earl `` Kool '' Bell , also known by his Muslim name Muhammad Bayyan , -LRB- born October 8 , 1950 -RRB- is an American singer-songwriter and musician . He is the founding member of the jazz/R & B/soul/funk / disco band , Kool & the Gang . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Personality", "Social_evolution", "Schizothymia", "Attitude-toward-the-ad_models", "Honesty-humility_factor_of_the_HEXACO_model_of_personality" ]

[ "Personality is a set of individual differences that are affected by the development of an individual : values , attitudes , personal memories , social relationships , habits , and skills . Different personality theorists present their own definitions of the word based on their theoretical positions . The term `` personality trait '' refers to enduring personal characteristics that are revealed in a particular pattern of behaviour in a variety of situations . ", "Social evolution is a subdiscipline of evolutionary biology that is concerned with social behaviors that have fitness consequences for individuals other than the actor . Social behaviors can be categorized according to the fitness consequences they entail for the actor and recipient . Mutually beneficial -- a behavior that increases the direct fitness of both the actor and the recipient Selfish -- a behavior that increases the direct fitness of the actor , but the recipient suffers a loss Altruistic -- a behavior that increases the direct fitness of the recipient , but the actor may suffer a loss Spiteful -- a behavior that decreases the direct fitness of both the actor and the recipient This classification was proposed by W. D. Hamilton , arguing that natural selection favors mutually beneficial or selfish behaviors . Hamilton 's insight was to show how kin selection could explain altruism and spite . Social evolution is also often regarded -LRB- especially , in the field of social anthropology -RRB- as evolution of social systems and structures . In 2010 , Harvard biologist E. O. Wilson , a founder of modern sociobiology , proposed a new theory of social evolution . He argued that the traditional approach of focusing on eusociality had limitations , which he illustrated primarily with examples from the insect world . ", "Schizothymia is a temperament related to schizophrenia in a way analogous to cyclothymia 's relationship with bipolar disorder . A schizothymic individual displays a flat affect and a high degree of introversion , withdrawing from social relations generally ; nevertheless , some individuals with this characteristic may be able to achieve relatively affable social relations and a measure of affectivity in some situations . As a kind of temperament , schizothymic personality traits are thought to be more or less innate rather than the result of socialization -LRB- or a lack thereof -RRB- . ", "Attitude toward the ad is defined as `` a predisposition to respond in a favorable or unfavorable manner to a particular advertising stimulus during a particular exposure occasion . '' After Mitchell and Olsen -LRB- 1981 -RRB- and Shimp -LRB- 1981 -RRB- introduced the importance of the Aad construct , research on the causal relationships among Aad and other measures of advertising effectiveness become a main study stream . In the causal relationship , Aad usually acts a moderator , and it influences on brand attitude -LRB- Ab -RRB- and intention to purchase the brand -LRB- purchase intention , PI -RRB- . Based on conceptual and empirical research on Aad , four alternative models of attitude toward the ad are postulated . ", "The Honesty-humility factor of the HEXACO model of personality measures individual differences in peoples ' sincerity , fairness , greed avoidance , and modesty . It arose from cross-cultural lexical studies that showed a six-factor model of personality that was slightly different from , and more predictive than , the previously accepted and still widely used Big Five and Five-Factor models of personality . It has been shown to predict workplace delinquency , risk-taking behavior , vengefulness , creativity , and several other personality traits and life outcomes that are not accounted for by five-factor questionnaires . " ]

[ 0, 1, 1, 1, 0 ]

[ "Melilla", "Bombilla", "Mustafa_Aberchán", "Melampus_coffea", "Mayor-President_of_Melilla" ]

[ "Melilla -LRB- -LSB- məˈliːjə -RSB- ; -LSB- meˈliʎa -RSB- , -LSB- meˈliʝa -RSB- ; Mřič -LSB- , Maliliyyah -RRB- is a Spanish autonomous city located on the north coast of Africa , sharing a border with Morocco with an area of 12.3 km2 . Melilla , along with Ceuta , is one of two permanently inhabited Spanish cities in mainland Africa . It was part of Málaga province until 14 March 1995 when the city 's Statute of Autonomy was passed . Melilla , like Ceuta , was a free port before Spain joined the European Union . , it had a population of 78,476 made up of ethnic Spaniards , ethnic Riffian Berbers , and a small number of Sephardic Jews and Sindhi Hindus . Both Spanish and Riffian-Berber are the two most widely spoken languages , with Spanish as the only official language . Melilla is officially subject to a territorial claim along with the city of Ceuta . ", "A bombilla -LRB- Spanish -RRB- , bomba -LRB- Portuguese -RRB- or masassa -LRB- Arabic -RRB- is type of drinking straw , used to drink mate . Bombillas contain a filter in the lower end to separate the mate infusion from leaves and stems . Traditional bombillas are made of alpacca silver , a metal alloy of copper and nickel , while other common materials are stainless steel and hollow-stemmed cane . The Spanish term is also used for electric lightbulbs , bombilla eléctrica , being a diminutive of bomba . ", "Mustafa Hamed Mohamed -LRB- October 17 , 1959 in Melilla , Spain -RRB- , better known as Mustafa Aberchán after his Riffian clan name , is a Spanish politician from Melilla . He is the leader of the political organization Coalition for Melilla . He was the Mayor-President of the city from July 5 , 1999 , to July 19 , 2000 , with backing from the Spanish Socialist Workers ' Party and the Independent Liberal Group , which made him the first Muslim to hold this position . ", "Melampus coffea , commonly known as the coffee bean snail , is a species of small air-breathing salt marsh snail , a pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Ellobiidae . ", "The Mayor-President of the Autonomous City of Melilla -LRB- Presidente de la Ciudad Autónoma de Melilla -RRB- or simply the President of Melilla , is the head of government of the Spanish enclave of Melilla . The current and fourth Mayor-President of Melilla is Juan José Imbroda of the People 's Party , who has held the office since 20 July 2000 . Prior to March 1995 , when the enclave 's Statute of Autonomy was passed , the city was part of Málaga province . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 0, 0 ]

[ "Tenacious_D_-LRB-album-RRB-", "Am_I_Evil_-LRB-album-RRB-", "Music_recording_sales_certification", "Andrew_Gold", "Unreleased_-LRB-Andre_Nickatina_album-RRB-" ]

[ "Tenacious D is the first studio album by American comedy rock band Tenacious D , released on September 25 , 2001 by Epic Records . The album 's polished production was a departure from the band 's acoustic origins , due in part to the production of the Dust Brothers . `` Tribute '' was the first single released from the album , followed by `` Wonderboy '' . Both singles had music videos filmed for them , with the Liam Lynch -- directed Tribute video achieving cult status . While Tenacious D did not achieve chart success after its release , it was certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America by the end of 2005 . Despite only peaking at # 38 in the UK , it had sold 426,000 copies countrywide by 2006 . ", "Am I Evil is an album by the Heavy Metal band Diamond Head and was released in 1987 by FM Revolver Records before being re-released by Heavy Metal Records in 1994 . This album contains early recordings of the tracks from Diamond Head 's 1982 Borrowed Time , except `` Call Me '' , plus two extra tracks `` Dead Reckoning '' and `` Sucking My Love '' . The latter was previously released on the bands 1980 debut Lightning to the Nations . The former had already been released on two previous Diamond Head records . It appears on the Four Cuts EP and as a B-side to the single `` Call Me '' ; both were released by MCA in 1982 -LRB- however , the 7 '' version of `` Call Me '' was only released in France -RRB- . The album is also similar to Borrowed Time by the fact that this album 's artwork was done by Rodney Matthews , a British Illustrator from Somerset who had previously worked with bands such as Thin Lizzy and Scorpions . The songs off this compilation are much less polished compared to their Borrowed Time versions . Many fans prefer the versions of the songs on this album as many blamed Diamond Head 's previous label , MCA , of trying to over commercialize the band . ", "Music recording sales certification is a system of certifying that a music recording has shipped or sold a certain number of copies . The threshold quantity varies by type -LRB- such as album , single , music video -RRB- and by nation or territory -LRB- see List of music recording certifications -RRB- . Almost all countries follow variations of the RIAA certification categories , which are named after precious materials -LRB- gold , platinum and diamond -RRB- . The number of sales or shipments required for these awards depends upon the population of the territory in which the recording is released . Typically , they are awarded only to international releases and are awarded individually for each country in which the album is sold . Different sales levels , some perhaps 10 times lower than others , may exist for different music media -LRB- for example : videos versus albums , singles , or downloads -RRB- . ", "Andrew Maurice Gold -LRB- August 2 , 1951 -- June 3 , 2011 -RRB- was an American singer , songwriter , musician and arranger . His works include the US Top 10 single `` Lonely Boy '' -LRB- 1977 -RRB- , as well as `` Thank You for Being a Friend '' -LRB- 1978 -RRB- and the UK Top Five hit `` Never Let Her Slip Away '' -LRB- 1978 -RRB- . He had further international chart success in the 1980s as the lead singer of Wax , a collaboration with English musician and songwriter Graham Gouldman . Gold was a multi-instrumentalist who played guitar , bass , keyboards , accordion , synthesizer , harmonica , saxophone , flute , drums and percussion , and more arcane musical instruments such as ukulele , musette , and harmonium . He was also a producer , sound engineer , film composer , session musician , actor , and painter . Gold played and recorded with artists such as Linda Ronstadt , Paul McCartney , Don Henley , James Taylor , Brian Wilson , Roy Orbison , Ringo Starr , Carly Simon , John Waite , Roxy Music , Jennifer Warnes , Stephen Bishop , America , Nicolette Larson , Maria Muldaur , Neil Diamond , Barbi Benton , Eric Carmen , Juice Newton , Leo Sayer , Freddie Mercury , Nitty Gritty Dirt Band , Karla Bonoff , Bette Midler , Diana Ross , Cher , Jesse McCartney and J. D. Souther . ", "Unreleased is the eighth album released by rapper , Andre Nickatina . It was released in 2001 and was produced by Andre Nickatina , Nick Peace , Juilan Piccolo , Smoov-E and the Fillmoe Coleman Band -LRB- Black Diamond & Tebo -RRB- . The album contained unreleased and rare tracks that did not make it to any of Nickatina 's previous albums and was sold exclusively at Nickatina 's concerts . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "Scream_2", "Scream_-LRB-franchise-RRB-", "The_Scream_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Scream_-LRB-1996_film-RRB-", "Scary_or_Die" ]

[ "Scream 2 is a 1997 American slasher film directed by Wes Craven and written by Kevin Williamson . It stars David Arquette , Neve Campbell , Courteney Cox , Sarah Michelle Gellar , Jamie Kennedy , Laurie Metcalf , Jerry O'Connell , Jada Pinkett and Liev Schreiber . The film was released on December 12 , 1997 by Dimension Films as the second installment in the Scream film series . Scream 2 takes place one year after Scream and again follows the character of Sidney Prescott -LRB- Campbell -RRB- , now a student at the fictional Windsor College , who becomes the target of a copycat killer using the guise of Ghostface . Sidney is accompanied by film-geek Randy Meeks -LRB- Kennedy -RRB- , retired deputy sheriff Dewey Riley -LRB- Arquette -RRB- and news reporter Gale Weathers -LRB- Cox -RRB- . Like its predecessor , Scream 2 combines the violence of the slasher genre with elements of comedy and `` whodunit '' mystery while satirizing the cliché of film sequels . The film was followed by two sequels , Scream 3 -LRB- 2000 -RRB- and Scream 4 -LRB- 2011 -RRB- . Williamson provided a five-page outline for a sequel to Scream when auctioning his original script , hoping to entice bidders with the potential of buying a franchise . Following a successful test screening of Scream and the film 's financial and critical success , Dimension moved forward with the sequel while Scream was still in theaters , with the principal cast all returning to star , Craven to direct and Beltrami to provide music . The film suffered controversy following its significant issues with plot information leaking onto the Internet , revealing the identity of the killers . Combined with the film 's rushed schedule , the script was rewritten often ; pages were sometimes completed on the day of filming . Despite these issues , Scream 2 earned $ 172 million , received several awards and nominations . The film also received positive reviews , with some critics arguing that the sequel surpassed the original in terms of quality . Beltrami received positive critical reception for his score for evolving the musical themes of the characters created in Scream although some critics claimed that the most memorable pieces from the film were created by composers Danny Elfman and Hans Zimmer . Elfman 's contribution had been specially written for the film , but Zimmer 's score for Broken Arrow was controversially used in the film , replacing Beltrami 's own work . The soundtrack received negative feedback from reviewers but achieved moderate sales success , reaching # 50 on the Billboard 200 . ", "Scream is an American horror franchise created by Kevin Williamson and Wes Craven . Starring Neve Campbell , Courteney Cox , and David Arquette , the film series grossed over $ 604 million in worldwide box-office receipts and consists of four motion pictures directed by Craven . The first series entry , Scream , was released on December 20 , 1996 and is currently the highest-grossing slasher film in the United States . The second entry Scream 2 was released on December 12 , 1997 followed by a third installment , Scream 3 , released February 4 , 2000 . Eleven years after the previous film , Scream 4 was released on April 15 , 2011 . The films follow Sidney Prescott , and her war against a succession of murderers who adopt the guise of Ghostface to stalk and torment their victims . Sidney receives support in the films from town deputy Dewey Riley , reporter Gale Weathers , and film-geek Randy Meeks . A tv spin off of the series was released by MTV on June 30 , 2015 . The series follows different characters and new storylines , not connected to the film series . Williamson 's original script was bought by Miramax and developed under the Dimension Films label by Bob and Harvey Weinstein , who recruited Craven to direct , who in turn recruited composer Marco Beltrami to score the film . This team went on to be involved in each film in the series though Williamson was forced to take a smaller role for Scream 3 , writing only a brief plot outline due to his commitments to other projects , with Ehren Kruger replacing him as screenwriter . The series ' violence resulted in conflicts with the Motion Picture Association of America and news media concerning censorship resulting in a reduction of violence and gore in Scream 3 when the Columbine High School massacre brought increased focus on the media 's influence on society . Scream became notable for its use of established and recognizable actors which was uncommon for horror films at the time , yet has since become common in part due to Scream 's success . The series , particularly the first two films , has received significant critical acclaim . Scream has been credited with revitalizing the horror genre in the late 90s by combining a traditional slasher film with humor , awareness of horror film cliché and a clever plot . Scream was one of the highest-grossing films of 1996 and became , and remains , the highest grossing slasher film in the world . Its success was matched by Scream 2 which not only broke box-office records of the time , but was also argued by some critics to actually be superior to the original . Scream 3 fared worse than its predecessors , both critically and financially , with critics commenting that it had become the type of horror film it originally parodied in Scream . It did , however , receive some positive response , with claims that it was the perfect end to the trilogy . The film series has been the recipient of several awards including a Saturn Award for Best Actress and MTV Movie Award for Best Female Performance for Campbell and Best Horror Film for Scream . ", "The Scream -LRB- Fəryad -RRB- is a 1993 Azerbaijani war film directed by Jeyhun Mirzayev based loosely on the Nagorno-Karabakh War and Khojaly Massacre . The film stars Jeyhun Mirzayev himself , Haci Ismayilov , and Melik Dadashev . ", "Scream is a 1996 American slasher film written by Kevin Williamson and directed by Wes Craven . The film stars David Arquette , Neve Campbell , Courteney Cox , Matthew Lillard , Rose McGowan , Skeet Ulrich , and Drew Barrymore . Released on December 20 , 1996 , Scream follows the character of Sidney Prescott -LRB- Campbell -RRB- , a high school student in the fictional town of Woodsboro , California , who becomes the target of a mysterious killer known as Ghostface . The film combined black comedy and `` whodunit '' mystery with the violence of the slasher genre to satirize the clichés of the horror film genre popularized in films such as Halloween and Friday the 13th . The film was considered unique at the time of its release for featuring characters who were aware of real world horror films and openly discussed the clichés that Scream attempted to subvert . Based partly on the real life case of the Gainesville Ripper , Scream was inspired by Williamson 's passion for horror films , especially Halloween -LRB- 1978 -RRB- . The script , originally titled Scary Movie , was bought by Dimension Films and was retitled by the Weinstein Brothers just before filming was complete . The production faced censorship issues with the Motion Picture Association of America and obstacles from locals while filming on location . The film went on to financial and critical acclaim , earning $ 173 million worldwide , and became the highest-grossing slasher film in the US in unadjusted dollars . It received several awards and award nominations . The soundtrack by Marco Beltrami was also acclaimed , and was cited as '' -LSB- one -RSB- of the most intriguing horror scores composed in years . '' It has since earned `` cult status . '' Scream marked a change in the genre as it cast already-established and successful actors , which was considered to have helped it find a wider audience , including a significant female viewership . Scream was credited with revitalizing the horror genre in the 1990s , which was considered to be almost dead following an influx of direct-to-video titles and numerous sequels to established horror franchises of the 1970s and 1980s . These sequels drew decreasing financial and critical success , as they exploited clichés upon which films in the genre had become reliant . Screams success spawned a series of sequels , though only Scream 2 , released in 1997 , achieved a level of commercial and critical success equal to the original film . In the years following the release of Scream , the film was accused of inspiring and even inducing violent crimes and murders . ", "Scary or Die is a 2012 American horror anthology film that was directed by Bob Badway , Michael Emanuel , and Igor Meglic . The film was released on video on demand on May 1 , 2012 and on DVD on September 11 , 2012 . Initially titled Terror Bytes , the film 's name was later changed to coincide with a horror website by the same name that Emanuel ran with his co-director Igor Meglic and two other filmmakers . The anthology stars Domiziano Arcangeli , Corbin Bleu , and Bill Oberst Jr. , and is composed of five interlocking stories set within the city of Los Angeles . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "The_Nice_Guys", "I_Love_You,_Man", "A_Kind_of_Loving_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Mike_MacDonald_-LRB-comedian-RRB-", "A_Very_Natural_Thing" ]

[ "The Nice Guys is a 2016 American neo-noir action comedy film directed by Shane Black and written by Black and Anthony Bagarozzi . The film stars Russell Crowe , Ryan Gosling , Angourie Rice , Matt Bomer , Margaret Qualley , Keith David and Kim Basinger . Set in Los Angeles , 1977 , the film focuses on a private eye -LRB- Gosling -RRB- and a tough enforcer -LRB- Crowe -RRB- who team up to investigate the disappearance of a teenage girl . The Nice Guys premiered on May 15 , 2016 , at the 2016 Cannes Film Festival and was released by Warner Bros. . Pictures in the United States on May 20 , 2016 . It received positive reviews from critics but grossed just $ 57 million against its $ 50 million budget . ", "I Love You , Man -LRB- originally titled Let 's Be Friends -RRB- is a 2009 American romantic comedy film directed by John Hamburg and written by Hamburg , based on a script previously by Larry Levin . The film stars Paul Rudd as a friendless man looking for a best man for his upcoming wedding . However , his new friend -LRB- Jason Segel -RRB- is straining his relationship with his bride . The film was released theatrically in North America on March 20 , 2009 , to mostly positive reviews . It opened second at the box office next to Knowing , and was a modest hit , grossing 91 million on a 40 million budget . This movie marks the third collaboration between Jason Segel and Paul Rudd , who had worked together on Knocked Up and Forgetting Sarah Marshall previously . ", "A Kind of Loving is a 1962 British drama film directed by John Schlesinger , based on the 1960 novel of the same name by Stan Barstow . It stars Alan Bates and June Ritchie as two lovers in 1960s Lancashire . The photography was by Denys Coop , and the music by Ron Grainer . Filming locations included the towns of Preston , Blackburn , Bolton , Salford , Manchester , Radcliffe and St Anne 's - on-sea in the northwest of England . The film belongs to the British New Wave movement in film , and the related genre commonly known as `` kitchen sink drama '' . The novel was later turned into a 1982 television series A Kind of Loving . ", "Mike MacDonald -LRB- born June 21 , 1954 -RRB- is a Canadian stand-up comedian and actor . He has written and/or starred in many movies , including Mr. Nice Guy . In addition to his successful and well received live performances all over North America , MacDonald has appeared in such TV shows as the Late Show with David Letterman and The Arsenio Hall Show . ", "A Very Natural Thing is a 1974 film about a gay man named David who leaves a monastery to become a public school teacher by day , while looking for true love in a gay bar by night . It was one of the first films about gay relationships intended for mainstream , commercial distribution . The original title of the film was For as Long as Possible . It was directed by Christopher Larkin and was released to lukewarm reviews in 1973 and given an R rating by the Motion Picture Association of America . " ]

[ 1, 2, 1, 1, 0 ]

[ "Ľuboš_Blaha", "Eric_Bana", "Jasminka_Domaš", "Proinsias_De_Rossa", "Charles_Arthur_Moser" ]

[ "PhDr . Luboš Blaha , PhD -LRB- born 1979 -RRB- is a Slovak Marxist philosopher , political scientist and politician . Currently , he is a member of parliament for the left-wing SMER-SD party . He is the Chairman of the Committee of the National Council of the Slovak Republic for European Affairs since 2012 . He is also a member of the Committee on Foreign Affairs . Between 2006 and 2012 , he worked as an advisor to the former Speaker of the National Council of the Slovak Republic Pavol Paška -LRB- SMER-SD -RRB- . In 2004 -- 2006 , Blaha worked for the Communist Party of Slovakia as the Head of its International Department . Additionally , Blaha works as a political scientist at the Institute of Political Sciences at the Slovak Academy of Sciences , and teaches at the Faculty of Social Sciences at the University of Ss . Cyril and Methodius -LRB- UCM -RRB- in Trnava . ", "Eric Banadinović -LRB- born 9 August 1968 -RRB- , known professionally as Eric Bana , is an Australian actor and comedian . He began his career in the sketch comedy series Full Frontal before gaining critical recognition in the biographical crime film Chopper -LRB- 2000 -RRB- . After a decade of roles in Australian TV shows and films , Bana gained Hollywood 's attention for his performance in the war film Black Hawk Down -LRB- 2001 -RRB- and by playing the title character in the Ang Lee 's Marvel Comics film Hulk -LRB- 2003 -RRB- . He has since played Hector in the movie Troy -LRB- 2004 -RRB- , the lead in Steven Spielberg 's historical drama and political thriller Munich -LRB- 2005 -RRB- , Henry VIII in The Other Boleyn Girl -LRB- 2008 -RRB- , and the villain Nero in the science-fiction film Star Trek -LRB- 2009 -RRB- . Bana also played Henry De Tamble in The Time Traveler 's Wife -LRB- 2009 -RRB- . In 2013 , he played Lt. Cmdr. Erik S. Kristensen in the war film Lone Survivor and in the following year he played police sergeant Ralph Sarchie in the horror film Deliver Us from Evil . An accomplished dramatic actor and comedian , he received Australia 's highest film and television awards for his performances in Chopper , Full Frontal and Romulus , My Father . Bana has performed across a wide spectrum of leading roles in a variety of low-budget and major studio films , ranging from romantic comedies and drama to science fiction and action thrillers . ", "Jasminka Domaš -LRB- born 5 September 1948 , Banja Luka -RRB- is a Croatian Jewish writer , journalist and scientist . Domaš was born in Banja Luka and graduated from the Faculty of Political Sciences at the University of Zagreb . Domaš is master of biblical and modern Judaism , and specialises in such issues as national minorities and interfaith relations . She is an associate of many national and international magazines . In the area of Judaism , she has published more than three hundred articles . Domaš is also the guest lecturer at the Jesus Society , Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences , University of Zagreb . Since 1995 to 1998 , Domaš made more than two hundred documentary testimonials for the Shoah Foundation , whose founder and president is Steven Spielberg . She is a member of the World Conference of Religions for Peace , PEN Croatia and Croatian Writers Society . Domaš was active member of the Jewish community in Zagreb until it 's split . She is an active member of the Beth Israel Jewish community . Domaš is also active in the Jewish cultural society `` Miroslav Šalom Freiberger '' , Croatian Helsinki Committee and Association for Religious Freedom in Croatia , where she is the president . Domaš works at the Croatian Radiotelevision as a journalist . ", "Proinsias De Rossa -LRB- born 15 May 1940 -RRB- is an Irish former politician . He was President of the Workers ' Party and subsequently leader of Democratic Left ; later , he was a senior member of the Labour Party . He was Minister for Social Welfare from 1994 to 1997 . He was a Member of the European Parliament for the Dublin constituency from 1989 to 1992 and from 1999 to 2012 . ", "Charles Arthur Moser -LRB- January 6 , 1935 -- December 11 , 2006 -RRB- was an American lierary critic and political activist . As a literary critic he is known for his interests in Russian and Bulgarian literatures and cultures . His political views are described as conservative . In 1956 Charles Moser earned his B.A. -LRB- summa cum laude -RRB- in Slavic Languages from Yale University . In 1958 he earned his M.A. in Slavic Languages from Columbia University . The thesis of his 1962 Ph.D. -LRB- Columbia Unibersity -RRB- was `` Antinihilism in the Russian Novel of the 1860s '' . During 1958-1959 he studied at Leningrad State University , as part of the first graduate student exchange between the United States and the Soviet Union . After teaching at Yale -LRB- 1960-1967 -RRB- , he joined the Department of Slavic Languages and Literatures at the George Washington University , where he was chairman during 1969-1974 and 1980-1989 . He founded and cofounded an number of organizations , including University Professors for Academic Order -LRB- 1970 -RRB- , Committee for a Free Afghanistan , and Freedom League . In 1986 and 1987 President Ronald Reagan nominated Charles Moser for membership on the National Council for the Humanities , however the nominations were rejected by the Senate . In 1992 , in Bulgaria , Moser founded the Free Initiative Foundation , to promote the transition of Bulgaria to democracy . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ]

[ "Qin_dynasty", "Han_dynasty", "Duke_Xian_of_Qin_-LRB-725–704_BC-RRB-", "Mozi", "Guanqiu_Jian_and_Wen_Qin's_Rebellion" ]

[ "The Qin dynasty was the first dynasty of Imperial China , lasting from 221 to 206 BC . Named for its heartland of Qin , in modern-day Gansu and Shaanxi , the dynasty was formed after the conquest of six other states by the Qin state , and its founding emperor named Qin Shi Huang , the First Emperor of Qin . The strength of the Qin state was greatly increased by the `` Legalist '' reforms of Shang Yang in the fourth century BC , during the Warring States period . In the mid and late third century BC , the Qin accomplished a series of swift conquests , first ending the powerless Zhou dynasty , and eventually conquering the other six of the Seven Warring States to gain control over the whole of China . It is also the shortest dynasty in Chinese history , lasting only 15 years with two emperors . Far from monolithic and demonstrating a sophisticated political outlook , excavated Qin texts show a more pragmatic and eclectic approach than a reading of traditional accounts of Shang Yang would suggest . Qin administration was by no means purely punitive , and was not harsher than was generally prevalent at the time . The Qin were not doctrinaire . Though often anathema to Legalist philosophy , Confucianism and its values too coexisted with `` Legalism '' during the reign of the First Emperor . Qin administrative documents considered such matters as filial piety , and one circulated letter reads that `` The purpose of all standards -LRB- fa -RRB- ... is to teach and lead the people , rid them of dissoluteness and depravity ... and turn them toward goodness . '' During its reign over China , the Qin sought to create an imperial state unified by highly structured political power and a stable economy able to support a large military . The Qin central government sought to minimize the role of aristocrats and landowners and have direct administrative control over the peasantry , who comprised the overwhelming majority of the population , and control over whom would grant the Qin access to a large labor force . This allowed for the construction of ambitious projects , such as a wall on the northern border , now known as the Great Wall of China . For years , local rulers built walls along China 's northern border to protect their villages from invaders , but Emperor Shi Huangdi decided to connect them . Three hundred thousand peasants and convicts were forced to work on this 1,400 mile wall . The Qin dynasty introduced several reforms : currency , weights and measures were standardized , and a uniform system of writing was established . The Qin 's military was revolutionary in that it used the most recently developed weaponry , transportation , and tactics , though the government was heavy-handed and bureaucratic . An attempt to restrict criticism and purge all traces of old dynasties led to the supposed burning of books and burying of scholars later espoused by Confucians . Despite its military strength , the Qin dynasty did not last long . When the first emperor died in 210 BC , a different son was placed on the throne by two of the previous emperor 's advisers , in an attempt to influence and control the administration of the entire dynasty through him . The advisors squabbled among themselves , however , resulting in both their deaths and that of the second Qin emperor . Popular revolt broke out a few years later , and the weakened empire soon fell to a Chu lieutenant , who went on to found the Han dynasty . Despite its rapid end , the dynasty influenced future Chinese empires , particularly the Han , and the European name for China is thought to be derived from it . ", "The Han dynasty was the second imperial dynasty of China -LRB- 206 BC -- 220 AD -RRB- , preceded by the Qin dynasty -LRB- 221 -- 206 BC -RRB- and succeeded by the Three Kingdoms period -LRB- 220 -- 280 AD -RRB- . Spanning over four centuries , the Han period is considered a golden age in Chinese history . To this day , China 's majority ethnic group refers to themselves as the `` Han people '' and the Chinese script is referred to as `` Han characters '' . It was founded by the rebel leader Liu Bang , known posthumously as Emperor Gaozu of Han , and briefly interrupted by the Xin dynasty -LRB- 9 -- 23 AD -RRB- of the former regent Wang Mang . This interregnum separates the Han dynasty into two periods : the Western Han or Former Han -LRB- 206 BC -- 9 AD -RRB- and the Eastern Han or Later Han -LRB- 25 -- 220 AD -RRB- . The emperor was at the pinnacle of Han society . He presided over the Han government but shared power with both the nobility and appointed ministers who came largely from the scholarly gentry class . The Han Empire was divided into areas directly controlled by the central government using an innovation inherited from the Qin known as commanderies , and a number of semi-autonomous kingdoms . These kingdoms gradually lost all vestiges of their independence , particularly following the Rebellion of the Seven States . From the reign of Emperor Wu -LRB- r. 141 -- 87 BC -RRB- onward , the Chinese court officially sponsored Confucianism in education and court politics , synthesized with the cosmology of later scholars such as Dong Zhongshu . This policy endured until the fall of the Qing dynasty in 1911 AD . The Han dynasty was an age of economic prosperity and saw a significant growth of the money economy first established during the Zhou dynasty -LRB- c. 1050 -- 256 BC -RRB- . The coinage issued by the central government mint in 119 BC remained the standard coinage of China until the Tang dynasty -LRB- 618 -- 907 AD -RRB- . The period saw a number of limited institutional innovations . To pay for its military campaigns and the settlement of newly conquered frontier territories , the government nationalized the private salt and iron industries in 117 BC , but these government monopolies were repealed during the Eastern Han period . Science and technology during the Han period saw significant advances , including papermaking , the nautical steering rudder , the use of negative numbers in mathematics , the raised-relief map , the hydraulic-powered armillary sphere for astronomy , and a seismometer employing an inverted pendulum . The Xiongnu , a nomadic steppe confederation , defeated the Han in 200 BC and forced the Han to submit as a de facto inferior partner , but continued their raids on the Han borders . Emperor Wu launched several military campaigns against them . The ultimate Han victory in these wars eventually forced the Xiongnu to accept vassal status as Han tributaries . These campaigns expanded Han sovereignty into the Tarim Basin of Central Asia , divided the Xiongnu into two separate confederations , and helped establish the vast trade network known as the Silk Road , which reached as far as the Mediterranean world . The territories north of Han 's borders were quickly overrun by the nomadic Xianbei confederation . Emperor Wu also launched successful military expeditions in the south , annexing Nanyue in 111 BC and Dian in 109 BC , and in the Korean Peninsula where the Xuantu and Lelang Commanderies were established in 108 BC . After 92 AD , the palace eunuchs increasingly involved themselves in court politics , engaging in violent power struggles between the various consort clans of the empresses and empresses dowager , causing the Han 's ultimate downfall . Imperial authority was also seriously challenged by large Daoist religious societies which instigated the Yellow Turban Rebellion and the Five Pecks of Rice Rebellion . Following the death of Emperor Ling -LRB- r. 168 -- 189 AD -RRB- , the palace eunuchs suffered wholesale massacre by military officers , allowing members of the aristocracy and military governors to become warlords and divide the empire . When Cao Pi , King of Wei , usurped the throne from Emperor Xian , the Han dynasty ceased to exist . ", "Duke Xian of Qin -LRB- , 725 -- 704 BC -RRB- was from 715 to 704 BC the eighth ruler of the Zhou Dynasty Chinese state of Qin that eventually united China to become the Qin Dynasty . His ancestral name was Ying , and Duke Xian was his posthumous title . His title was recorded as Duke Ning of Qin in the Records of the Grand Historian by Han Dynasty historian Sima Qian , but inscriptions on excavated bronzes from the era have proven that `` Ning '' was a miscopy of the correct character `` Xian '' . ", "Mozi -LRB- , Lat . as Micius , ca. 468 -- ca. 391 BC -RRB- , original name Mo Di , was a Chinese philosopher during the Hundred Schools of Thought period -LRB- early Warring States period -RRB- . A book named after him , the Mozi , contains material ascribed to him and his followers . Born in what is now Tengzhou , Shandong Province , he founded the school of Mohism that argued strongly against Confucianism and Taoism . His philosophy emphasized self-restraint , self-reflection and authenticity rather than obedience to ritual . During the Warring States period , Mohism was actively developed and practiced in many states but fell out of favour when the legalist Qin dynasty came to power . During that period , many Mohist classics are by many believed to have been ruined when the emperor Qin Shi Huang supposedly carried out the burning of books and burying of scholars . The importance of Mohism further declined when Confucianism became the dominant school of thought during the Han Dynasty , until mostly disappearing by the middle of the Western Han dynasty . Mozi is known by children throughout Chinese culture by way of the Thousand Character Classic , which records that he was saddened when he saw dyeing of pure white silk , which embodied his conception of austerity -LRB- simplicity , chastity -RRB- . For the modern juvenile audience of Chinese speakers , the image of his school and its founder were popularized by the animated TV series The Legend of Qin . ", "Guanqiu Jian and Wen Qin 's Rebellion , or the Second Rebellion in Shouchun , was a punitive uprising led by Guanqiu Jian and Wen Qin , two generals from the state of Cao Wei , against the regent Sima Shi and his clan . This was the second of a series of three rebellions that all took place in Shouchun -LRB- 壽春 ; present-day Shou County , Lu'an , Anhui -RRB- in the 250s during the Three Kingdoms period in Chinese history . " ]

[ 0, 1, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "Simon_Cowell", "The_X_Factor_-LRB-UK_TV_series-RRB-", "Got_Talent", "America's_Got_Talent_-LRB-season_11-RRB-", "American_Idol_-LRB-season_8-RRB-" ]

[ "Simon Phillip Cowell -LRB- -LSB- ˈkaʊəl -RSB- -RRB- -LRB- born 7 October 1959 -RRB- is an English reality television judge and producer , entrepreneur , and philanthropist . He is most recognised as a judge on the British TV talent competition series Pop Idol , The X Factor , and Britain 's Got Talent , and the American TV talent competition shows American Idol , The X Factor , and America 's Got Talent . Cowell is the principal founder and chief executive of the British entertainment company Syco . As a judge , Cowell often makes blunt and controversial comments , including insults and wisecracks about contestants and their singing abilities . He combines activities in both the television and music industries . Cowell has produced and promoted singles and albums for various singers that he has taken under his wing . He is currently appearing on the eleventh Series of Britain 's Got Talent and , recently , the thirteenth series of UK 's The X Factor along with the eleventh series of America 's Got Talent . In 2004 and 2010 , Time named Cowell one of the 100 most influential people in the world . In 2008 The Daily Telegraph ranked him sixth in their list of the `` 100 most powerful people in British culture '' . ", "The X Factor is a British reality television music competition to find new singing talent . The contestants are aspiring singers drawn from public auditions . Created by Simon Cowell , the show began in 2004 and has since aired annually from August/September until December . The show is produced by FremantleMedia 's Thames -LRB- previously Talkback Thames -RRB- and Cowell 's production company Syco TV . It is broadcast on the ITV network in the UK and simulcast on TV3 in Ireland . `` X Factor '' refers to the undefinable `` something '' that makes for star quality . The series consists of auditions , bootcamp , judges ' houses , several weeks of live shows , semi-finals and the final . The series had a spin-off behind-the-scenes show called The Xtra Factor , which aired directly after the main show on ITV2 . This lasted from series 1 until series 13 when it was cancelled by ITV in January 2017 . The original judging panel consisted of Louis Walsh , Sharon Osbourne and Cowell . In 2005 Paula Abdul joined the show as a guest judge whilst Osbourne was away then joined the panel in 2006 for three sets of auditions . Brian Friedman replaced Walsh in series 4 , which also saw Dannii Minogue join the panel . Friedman left during the auditions and Walsh replaced Friedman . Cheryl Cole replaced Osbourne in series 5 . Gary Barlow , Kelly Rowland and Tulisa joined the panel in series 8 as replacements for Cowell , Minogue , and Cole . Rowland left before series 9 and was replaced by Nicole Scherzinger . Osbourne returned to the panel in series 10 , replacing Tulisa . Cowell and Cole -LRB- now Fernandez-Versini -RRB- returned to replace Barlow and Osbourne in series 11 , while Mel B replaced Scherzinger . In series 12 , Mel B and Walsh were replaced by Rita Ora and Nick Grimshaw . In series 13 , Walsh , Osbourne and Scherzinger returned , replacing Grimshaw , Fernandez-Versini and Ora . The first three series were presented by Kate Thornton , then from the fourth to 11th series , the show was presented by Dermot O'Leary , he then returned from the 13th series . In series 12 , the show was presented by Caroline Flack and Olly Murs . Also , in series 10 , Flack served as a backstage presenter during the Saturday night live shows . Roman Kemp will begin serving as the digital presenter of the show in series 13 . The show is split into different stages , following the contestants from auditions through to the final . In the original televised audition stage of the show , contestants sang in an audition room in front of just the judges , but from the sixth series onwards , auditionees sing on a stage in front of the judges and a live audience . In series 10 and 11 , both auditions formats were used . In series 12 , the room auditions were scrapped , leaving just the arena auditions . The room auditions were revived in series 13 , and no arena auditions followed . Successful auditionees go through to `` bootcamp '' and then to `` judges ' houses '' , where judges narrow down the acts in their category down to three or four acts to mentor for the live shows , where the public vote for their favourite acts following weekly live performances by the contestants . There have been 13 winners of the show to date : Steve Brookstein , Shayne Ward , Leona Lewis , Leon Jackson , Alexandra Burke , Joe McElderry , Matt Cardle , Little Mix , James Arthur , Sam Bailey , Ben Haenow , Louisa Johnson and Matt Terry . Winners receive a recording contract with record label Syco Music with a stated value of # 1 million . This includes a cash payment to the winner , but the majority is allocated to marketing and recording costs . From 2004 to 2010 , and again in 2013 and 2014 , the winning contestant 's single was released in time for the end-of-year chart battle for the UK 's Christmas number one , with all of them -LRB- bar McElderry in 2009 and Terry in 2016 -RRB- reaching the top spot . As of November 2016 , 41 number-one singles have been achieved by artists who have appeared on the show , such as Lewis , Burke , JLS , Olly Murs , Cher Lloyd , One Direction and Little Mix . The show is the originator of the international The X Factor franchise . A prominent show in British popular culture , The X Factor has proved hugely popular with the public . The sixth series attracted 200,000 auditionees and peaked at 19.7 million UK viewers -LRB- a 63.2 % audience share -RRB- . More than 10 million votes were cast in the sixth series final . ", "Got Talent is a British talent show television format conceived and owned by Simon Cowell 's SYCOtv company . A pilot was made in the United Kingdom in 2005 , hosted by Paul O'Grady , but after O'Grady 's split with ITV , the series was postponed , resulting in NBC 's America 's Got Talent -- the first full series of the format . It has spawned spin-offs in over 58 countries -LRB- as of April 2014 -RRB- , in what is now referred to as the ` Got Talent ' format , similar to that described by FremantleMedia of the Idol and The X Factor formats . Unlike those shows , Got Talent showcases several artistic disciplines in addition to singing . In April 2014 , the format was named the world 's most successful reality TV format ever by the Guinness World Records . ", "Season eleven of the reality competition series America 's Got Talent was ordered on September 1 , 2015 . The season premiered on NBC on Tuesday , May 31 , 2016 . Nick Cannon returned for his eighth and final season as host . Howie Mandel returned for his seventh season as a judge , while Mel B and Heidi Klum returned for their fourth season . Simon Cowell replaced Howard Stern as the fourth judge . The live shows began on July 26 , at the Dolby Theatre in Los Angeles instead of Radio City Music Hall in New York from previous years . Due to the 2016 Summer Olympics broadcast schedule on NBC , the show took a hiatus from August 9 -- 17 . Dunkin' Donuts sponsored the show for a second season , and this season again featured the golden buzzer for each judge and Cannon . Four guest judges joined the panel for the judge 's cuts : George Lopez , Reba McEntire , Ne-Yo , and Louis Tomlinson . Each judge was given a golden buzzer . Grace VanderWaal was announced as the winner on September 14 , 2016 , making her the second female act and the second child act to win the show since season 1 . Mentalist duo , The Clairvoyants , placed second , marking the first time that females placed in the top two positions . Magician Jon Dorenbos , the NFL Long Snapper for the Philadelphia Eagles , placed third . Comedian Tape Face was named the most memorable act of this season . ", "The eighth season of American Idol premiered on January 13 , 2009 , and concluded on May 20 , 2009 . Judges Simon Cowell , Paula Abdul , and Randy Jackson continued to judge the show 's contestants , along with Ryan Seacrest as host . The season introduced Kara DioGuardi as the fourth judge on the Idol panel . It was also Abdul 's final season as a judge . Kris Allen , a native of Conway , Arkansas , was announced the winner of the competition on May 20 , 2009 , defeating runner-up Adam Lambert after nearly 100 million votes . Kris Allen is the only married winner of the competition at the time of his victory . This was the second season where both of the final two contestants had been in the bottom three or two at least once before the finale , with the first being season three . The eighth season saw numerous changes to the format of the show . There were 36 semi-finalists instead of 24 , and thirteen finalists instead of twelve , nine contestants chosen by the public and four by the judges in a wild card round . Another addition was the `` save , '' which was used on the top seven results show to veto Matt Giraud 's elimination . Seven contestants from this season were signed to record deals . The signed artists are Kris Allen , who was then signed to 19 Entertainment/Jive Records . In addition to Allen , Adam Lambert , Danny Gokey , Allison Iraheta , Lil Rounds , Anoop Desai and Michael Sarver . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "The_Good_German", "Das_Paar_im_Kahn", "The_Nice_Guys", "A_Fine_and_Private_Place_-LRB-film-RRB-", "The_Thin_Red_Line_-LRB-1998_film-RRB-" ]

[ "The Good German is a 2006 film adaptation of Joseph Kanon 's eponymous 2001 novel . It was directed by Steven Soderbergh , and stars George Clooney , Cate Blanchett , and Tobey Maguire . Set in Berlin following the Allied victory over the Nazis , it begins as a murder mystery but weaves in elements involving the American postwar employment of Nazi rocket scientists in Operation Paperclip . The film was shot in black-and-white and is designed to imitate the appearance of film noir from the 1940s , although it also includes material -- such as sex scenes and swearing -- that would have been prohibited by the Production Code . Its poster is an homage to the poster for the classic film Casablanca -LRB- 1942 , also a Warner Bros. film -RRB- , as is the closing scene at an airport . The DVD release presents the film in the 1.33:1 aspect ratio which declined in use from about 1953 , though the theatrical release used the slightly more modern but still unusual 1.66:1 ratio . The film received mixed reviews and grossed $ 5.9 million worldwide against a budget of $ 32 million . ", "Das Paar im Kahn is a 2004 Swiss German language television film that was filmed and produced at locations in Basel respectively in Switzerland and in France . It is the first film of the six-episode serial starring Mathias Gnädinger as Kommissär Hunkeler . ", "The Nice Guys is a 2016 American neo-noir action comedy film directed by Shane Black and written by Black and Anthony Bagarozzi . The film stars Russell Crowe , Ryan Gosling , Angourie Rice , Matt Bomer , Margaret Qualley , Keith David and Kim Basinger . Set in Los Angeles , 1977 , the film focuses on a private eye -LRB- Gosling -RRB- and a tough enforcer -LRB- Crowe -RRB- who team up to investigate the disappearance of a teenage girl . The Nice Guys premiered on May 15 , 2016 , at the 2016 Cannes Film Festival and was released by Warner Bros. . Pictures in the United States on May 20 , 2016 . It received positive reviews from critics but grossed just $ 57 million against its $ 50 million budget . ", "A Fine and Private Place was a proposed feature film from Paul Watson that was abandoned during filming , ostensibly due to poor weather . ", "The Thin Red Line is a 1998 American ensemble epic war film written and directed by Terrence Malick . Based on the novel by James Jones , it tells a semi-fictionalized version of the Battle of Mount Austen , which was part of the Guadalcanal Campaign in the Pacific Theater of World War II . It portrays soldiers of C Company , 1st Battalion , 27th Infantry Regiment , 25th Infantry Division , played by Sean Penn , Jim Caviezel , Nick Nolte , Elias Koteas and Ben Chaplin . Although the title may seem to refer to a line from Rudyard Kipling 's poem `` Tommy '' , from Barrack-Room Ballads , in which he calls foot soldiers `` the thin red line of heroes '' , referring to the stand of the 93rd Regiment in the Battle of Balaclava of the Crimean War , it is in reality a quote from Jones 's book which reads , `` they discover the thin red line that divides the sane from the mad ... and the living from the dead ... '' The film marked Malick 's return to filmmaking after a 20-year absence . It co-stars Nick Nolte , Adrien Brody , George Clooney , John Cusack , Woody Harrelson , Elias Koteas , Jared Leto , John C. Reilly , and John Travolta . Reportedly , the first assembled cut took seven months to edit and ran five hours . By the final cut , footage of performances by Bill Pullman , Lukas Haas , and Mickey Rourke had been removed -LRB- although one of Rourke 's scenes was included in the special features outtakes of the Criterion Blu-ray and DVD release -RRB- . The film was scored by Hans Zimmer , and shot by John Toll . Principal photography took place in New Zealand , and Australia in the state of Queensland . The film grossed $ 98 million against its $ 52 million budget . Critical response was generally positive and the film was nominated for seven Academy Awards : Best Picture , Best Director , Best Adapted Screenplay , Best Cinematography , Best Film Editing , Best Original Score and Best Sound Mixing . It won the Golden Bear at the 1999 Berlin International Film Festival . Martin Scorsese ranked it as his second favorite film of the 1990s on At the Movies . Gene Siskel called it `` the greatest contemporary war film I 've seen '' . A previous film adaptation of the novel was released in 1964 . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ]

[ "The_Hunger_Games_-LRB-novel-RRB-", "The_Hunger_Pains", "The_Hunger_Games_-LRB-film-RRB-", "The_Hunger_Games_-LRB-film_series-RRB-", "Gary_Ross" ]

[ "The Hunger Games is a 2008 dystopian novel by the American writer Suzanne Collins . It is written in the voice of 16-year-old Katniss Everdeen , who lives in the future , post-apocalyptic nation of Panem in North America . The Capitol , a highly advanced metropolis , exercises political control over the rest of the nation . The Hunger Games is an annual event in which one boy and one girl aged 12 -- 18 from each of the twelve districts surrounding the Capitol are selected by lottery to compete in a televised battle to the death . The book received mostly positive responses from major reviewers and authors . It was praised for its plot and character development . In writing The Hunger Games , Collins drew upon Greek mythology , Roman gladiatorial games , and contemporary reality television for thematic content . The novel won many awards , including the California Young Reader Medal , and was named one of Publishers Weeklys `` Best Books of the Year '' in 2008 . The Hunger Games was first published in hardcover on September 14 , 2008 , by Scholastic , featuring a cover designed by Tim O'Brien . It has since been released in paperback and also as an audiobook and ebook . After an initial print of 200,000 , the book had sold 800,000 copies by February 2010 . Since its release , The Hunger Games has been translated into 26 languages , and publishing rights have been sold in 38 territories . The novel is the first in The Hunger Games trilogy , followed by Catching Fire -LRB- 2009 -RRB- and Mockingjay -LRB- 2010 -RRB- . A film adaptation , directed by Gary Ross and co-written and co-produced by Collins herself , was released in 2012 . ", "The Hunger Pains is a 2012 New York Times bestselling novel by The Harvard Lampoon and a parody of Suzanne Collins 's The Hunger Games . It was first published on February 7 , 2012 through Touchstone Books , and a cinematic book trailer was released in March of the same year . ", "The Hunger Games is a 2012 American dystopian science fiction adventure film directed by Gary Ross and based on the novel of the same name by Suzanne Collins . It is the first installment in The Hunger Games film series and was produced by Nina Jacobson and Jon Kilik , with a screenplay by Ross , Collins , and Billy Ray . The film stars Jennifer Lawrence , Josh Hutcherson , Liam Hemsworth , Woody Harrelson , Elizabeth Banks , Lenny Kravitz , Stanley Tucci , and Donald Sutherland . The story takes place in a dystopian post-apocalyptic future in the nation of Panem , where boys and girls between the ages of 12 and 18 must take part in the Hunger Games , a televised annual event in which the `` tributes '' are required to fight to the death until there is only one survivor . Katniss Everdeen -LRB- Lawrence -RRB- volunteers to take her younger sister 's place . Joined by her district 's male tribute , Peeta Mellark -LRB- Hutcherson -RRB- , Katniss travels to the Capitol to train for the Hunger Games under the guidance of former victor Haymitch Abernathy -LRB- Harrelson -RRB- . Development of The Hunger Games began in March 2009 when Lions Gate Entertainment entered into a co-production agreement with Color Force , which had acquired the rights a few weeks earlier . Collins collaborated with Ray and Ross to write the screenplay . The screenplay expanded the character of Seneca Crane to allow several developments to be shown directly to the audience and Ross added several scenes between Crane and Coriolanus Snow . The main characters were cast between March and May 2011 . Principal photography began in May 2011 and ended in September 2011 , with filming taking place in North Carolina . The Hunger Games was shot entirely on film as opposed to digital . The film was released on March 21 , 2012 , in some European countries and in the US on March 23 , 2012 , in both conventional theaters and digital IMAX theaters . Japan received it last , on September 28 . When the film released , it set records for opening day -LRB- $ 67.3 million -RRB- and opening weekend for a non-sequel . At the time of its release , the film 's opening weekend gross -LRB- $ 152.5 million -RRB- was the third-largest of any movie in North America . It is the first film since Avatar to remain in first place at the North American box office for four consecutive weekends . The film was a massive box-office success by grossing over $ 694 million worldwide against its budget of $ 78 million , making it the third-highest-grossing film in the United States and ninth-highest-grossing worldwide of 2012 . It was released on DVD and Blu-ray Disc on August 18 , 2012 . With 7,434,058 units sold , the DVD was the best-selling DVD of 2012 . A sequel , The Hunger Games : Catching Fire , was released on November 22 , 2013 , in the United States . The Hunger Games received positive reviews from critics , with praise for its themes and messages , as well as Jennifer Lawrence 's portrayal of Katniss , though there was criticism of the film 's use of shaky cam in the action sequences . Like the novel , the film has been noted for its similarities to other works , such as Robert Sheckley 's short story `` Seventh Victim '' and its Italian film adaptation The 10th Victim , the Japanese novel Battle Royale and its film adaptation , and the Shirley Jackson short story `` The Lottery '' , with some criticizing The Hunger Games for being derivative of such works . Collins stated in an interview that her novel and screenplay drew on sources of inspiration such as the myth of Theseus , Roman gladiatorial games , reality television , and the desensitization of viewers to media coverage of real-life tragedy and war , not to think as just an audience member , `` Because those are real people on the screen , and they 're not going away when the commercials start to roll . '' The song `` Safe & Sound '' won a Grammy Award and was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song . For her performance , Lawrence won the Saturn Award for Best Actress , the Broadcast Film Critics Association Award for Best Actress in an Action Movie , the Empire Award for Best Actress and was also nominated for the New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actress . ", "The Hunger Games film series consists of four science fiction dystopian adventure films based on The Hunger Games trilogy of novels , by the American author Suzanne Collins . Distributed by Lionsgate and produced by Nina Jacobson and Jon Kilik , it stars Jennifer Lawrence as Katniss Everdeen , Josh Hutcherson as Peeta Mellark , Woody Harrelson as Haymitch Abernathy , Elizabeth Banks as Effie Trinket , Philip Seymour Hoffman as Plutarch Heavensbee , Stanley Tucci as Caesar Flickerman , Donald Sutherland as President Snow and Liam Hemsworth as Gale Hawthorne . Gary Ross directed the first film , while Francis Lawrence directed the next three films . The first three films set records at the box office . The Hunger Games -LRB- 2012 -RRB- set records for the opening day and the biggest opening weekend for a non-sequel film . The Hunger Games : Catching Fire -LRB- 2013 -RRB- set the record for biggest opening weekend in the month of November . The Hunger Games : Mockingjay -- Part 1 -LRB- 2014 -RRB- had the largest opening day and weekend of 2014 . The films , including The Hunger Games : Mockingjay -- Part 2 -LRB- 2015 -RRB- , received a positive reception from critics , with praise aimed at its themes and messages , as well as Jennifer Lawrence 's portrayal of the main protagonist , Katniss Everdeen . The Hunger Games is the 16th highest-grossing film franchise of all time , having grossed over US$ 2.9 billion worldwide . ", "Gary Ross -LRB- born November 3 , 1956 -RRB- is an American film director , writer , and author . He directed the film The Hunger Games , as well as Pleasantville and the Best Picture nominated Seabiscuit . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 1 ]

[ "Keegan-Michael_Key", "Michael_Keaton", "Key_&_Peele", "Desmond_Keegan", "Jackson_Heywood" ]

[ "Keegan-Michael Key -LRB- born March 22 , 1971 -RRB- is an American actor , comedian , writer , and producer . He starred in the Comedy Central sketch series Key & Peele and co-stars in the USA Network comedy series Playing House . He spent six seasons as a cast member on MADtv and has made several guest appearances on Whose Line is it Anyway ? . In 2014 , he also starred in the first season of the FX series Fargo and had a recurring role on the sixth and seventh season of the NBC series Parks and Recreation . He has had supporting roles in several films , including Let 's Be Cops , Tomorrowland and Pitch Perfect 2 . In 2015 , Key appeared at the White House Correspondents ' Dinner as the character Luther , President Barack Obama 's anger translator . In 2016 , he produced and starred in Keanu -LRB- 2016 -RRB- with his Key & Peele co-star Jordan Peele . He also hosted the show Planet 's Funniest Animals on Animal Planet . ", "Michael John Douglas -LRB- born September 5 , 1951 -RRB- , known professionally as Michael Keaton , is an American actor , producer and director . He first rose to fame for his comedic film roles in Night Shift -LRB- 1982 -RRB- , Mr. Mom -LRB- 1983 -RRB- , Johnny Dangerously -LRB- 1984 -RRB- and Beetlejuice -LRB- 1988 -RRB- , and he earned further acclaim for his dramatic portrayal of the title character in Tim Burton 's Batman -LRB- 1989 -RRB- and Batman Returns -LRB- 1992 -RRB- . Since then , he has appeared in a variety of films ranging from dramas and romantic comedies to thriller and action films ; such as Clean and Sober -LRB- 1988 -RRB- , The Dream Team -LRB- 1989 -RRB- , Pacific Heights -LRB- 1990 -RRB- , Much Ado About Nothing -LRB- 1993 -RRB- , My Life -LRB- 1993 -RRB- , The Paper -LRB- 1994 -RRB- , Multiplicity -LRB- 1996 -RRB- , Jackie Brown -LRB- 1997 -RRB- , Herbie : Fully Loaded -LRB- 2005 -RRB- , The Other Guys -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , Need for Speed -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , RoboCop -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , Spotlight -LRB- 2015 -RRB- and The Founder -LRB- 2016 -RRB- , and he has also provided voices for characters in animated films such as Cars -LRB- 2006 -RRB- , Toy Story 3 -LRB- 2010 -RRB- and Minions -LRB- 2015 -RRB- . In 2017 , Keaton will play the role of Marvel Comics supervillain the Vulture in Spider-Man : Homecoming . Keaton 's lead performance in Birdman or -LRB- The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance -RRB- -LRB- 2014 -RRB- earned him a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor in a Musical or Comedy , the Critics ' Choice Award for Best Actor and Best Actor in a Comedy , and nominations for the Screen Actors Guild Award , British Academy Film Award , and Academy Award for Best Actor . He previously received a Golden Globe Award nomination for his performance in Live from Baghdad -LRB- 2002 -RRB- and a Screen Actors Guild Award nomination for The Company -LRB- 2007 -RRB- . Keaton was awarded a Career Achievement Award from both the Hollywood Film Festival and Zurich Film Festivals . On January 18 , 2016 , he was named Officer of Order of Arts and Letters in France . He is also a visiting scholar at Carnegie Mellon University . </span> ", "Key & Peele is an American sketch comedy television series created by Keegan-Michael Key and Jordan Peele for Comedy Central . Both Key and Peele previously worked on MADtv . Each episode of the show consists mainly of several pre-taped skits starring the two actors . The sketches cover a variety of societal topics , often with a focus on American popular culture , ethnic stereotypes , and race relations . Key & Peele premiered on January 31 , 2012 and ended on September 9 , 2015 , with a total of 53 episodes , over the course of five seasons . A special entitled `` Key & Peele 's Super Bowl Special '' aired on January 30 , 2015 . Key & Peele won a Peabody Award and two Primetime Emmy Awards and has been nominated for various other awards , including Writers Guild Award , NAACP Image Award and 16 additional Primetime Emmy Awards in various categories . ", "Desmond Keegan is an Irish academic . ", "Jackson Heywood is an Australian actor . He is perhaps most notable for his role as Brody Morgan on the long-running Seven Network soap opera Home and Away . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 0, 0 ]

[ "Sabbir_Khan", "Dobir_Saheber_Songsar", "Cinema_500_km", "Heropanti", "Shuva_-LRB-film-RRB-" ]

[ "Sabbir Khan is an Indian film director and screenwriter . In 2009 he made his directorial debut with the film Kambakkht Ishq -LRB- 2009 -RRB- that starred Akshay Kumar and Kareena Kapoor . The film released on 3 July 2009 worldwide . Sabbir 's second movie , Heropanti starring Tiger Shroff & Kriti Sanon , released on 23 May 2014 . ", "Dobir Saheber Songsar is a Bangladeshi Bengali-language Romantic Comedy film directed by Jakir Hossain Raju . Bappy Chowdhury , Mahiya Mahi and Asif Imrose lead role . The film co-star Ali Raj , Alekgander Bo and many more . Releasing on 4 April 2014 . Shakib Khan played a Cameo Role in this film . ", "Cinema 500 km -LRB- السينما 500 كم -RRB- is a 2006 Saudi Arabian documentary film and was directed by Abdullah Al-Eyaf . The film depicts the experiences of Tariq Al-Husaini , a 21-year-old Saudi movie fan despite no cinemas and are available only on home video in Saudi Arabia . Al-Husaini is shown applying for a passport and traveling 500 kilometers to Bahrain to see a movie in a cinema for the first time . Abdullah Al-Eyaf secured permission from the Saudi Ministry of Culture and Information to shoot this documentary . The film premiered at the Emirates Film Competition in Abu Dhabi , United Arab Emirates in 2006 , but due to the lack of cinemas in Saudi Arabia there are no plans yet to show the film in its home country . ", "Heropanti -LRB- English : Big Attitude -RRB- a Bollywood action film directed by Sabbir Khan and produced by Sajid Nadiadwala . Actors Tiger Shroff and Kriti Sanon make their Hindi film debut with the film , alongside Prakash Raj as an important supporting role . This is a remake of the Telugu film Parugu , Heropanti released on 23 May 2014 . The film received mixed reviews from critics , but managed to become a box office super hit . The satellite rights were bagged by Sony Entertainment Television . ", "Shuva also is a Bangladeshi Bengali-language film , released in 2006 all over Bangladesh . It is directed by Chashi Nazrul Islam . The story is based on Rabindra Nath Thakur 's novel Shuvashini . The film was produced and distributed by Impress Telefilm Ltd. . It stars Shakib Khan , Purnima , Chashi Nazrul Islam and Sujata . Shakib Khan And Purnima receive the highest accolades for their performance . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Sabbir_Khan", "Dobir_Saheber_Songsar", "Cinema_500_km", "Heropanti", "Shuva_-LRB-film-RRB-" ]

[ "Sabbir Khan is an Indian film director and screenwriter . In 2009 he made his directorial debut with the film Kambakkht Ishq -LRB- 2009 -RRB- that starred Akshay Kumar and Kareena Kapoor . The film released on 3 July 2009 worldwide . Sabbir 's second movie , Heropanti starring Tiger Shroff & Kriti Sanon , released on 23 May 2014 . ", "Dobir Saheber Songsar is a Bangladeshi Bengali-language Romantic Comedy film directed by Jakir Hossain Raju . Bappy Chowdhury , Mahiya Mahi and Asif Imrose lead role . The film co-star Ali Raj , Alekgander Bo and many more . Releasing on 4 April 2014 . Shakib Khan played a Cameo Role in this film . ", "Cinema 500 km -LRB- السينما 500 كم -RRB- is a 2006 Saudi Arabian documentary film and was directed by Abdullah Al-Eyaf . The film depicts the experiences of Tariq Al-Husaini , a 21-year-old Saudi movie fan despite no cinemas and are available only on home video in Saudi Arabia . Al-Husaini is shown applying for a passport and traveling 500 kilometers to Bahrain to see a movie in a cinema for the first time . Abdullah Al-Eyaf secured permission from the Saudi Ministry of Culture and Information to shoot this documentary . The film premiered at the Emirates Film Competition in Abu Dhabi , United Arab Emirates in 2006 , but due to the lack of cinemas in Saudi Arabia there are no plans yet to show the film in its home country . ", "Heropanti -LRB- English : Big Attitude -RRB- a Bollywood action film directed by Sabbir Khan and produced by Sajid Nadiadwala . Actors Tiger Shroff and Kriti Sanon make their Hindi film debut with the film , alongside Prakash Raj as an important supporting role . This is a remake of the Telugu film Parugu , Heropanti released on 23 May 2014 . The film received mixed reviews from critics , but managed to become a box office super hit . The satellite rights were bagged by Sony Entertainment Television . ", "Shuva also is a Bangladeshi Bengali-language film , released in 2006 all over Bangladesh . It is directed by Chashi Nazrul Islam . The story is based on Rabindra Nath Thakur 's novel Shuvashini . The film was produced and distributed by Impress Telefilm Ltd. . It stars Shakib Khan , Purnima , Chashi Nazrul Islam and Sujata . Shakib Khan And Purnima receive the highest accolades for their performance . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Alcoholic_drink", "Dry_January", "Obesity_in_the_United_States", "W._J._Rorabaugh", "World_population" ]

[ "An alcoholic drink , or alcoholic beverage , is a drink that contains a substantial amount of ethanol -LRB- informally called alcohol -RRB- , a depressant which in low doses causes euphoria , reduced anxiety , and sociability and in higher doses causes intoxication -LRB- drunkenness -RRB- , stupor and unconsciousness . Long-term use can lead to alcohol abuse , physical dependence , and alcoholism . Drinking alcohol plays an important social role in many cultures . Most countries have laws regulating their production , sale , and consumption ; some countries ban such activities entirely . However , alcoholic drinks are legal in most parts of the world . The global alcoholic drink industry exceeded $ 1 trillion in 2014 . Alcohol is one of the most widely used recreational drugs in the world . For instance , in 2015 , among Americans , 89 % of adults had consumed alcohol at some point , 70 % had drunk it in the last year , and 56 % in the last month . Alcoholic drinks are typically divided into three classes -- beers , wines , and spirits -- and typically contain between 3 % and 40 % alcohol by volume . Discovery of late Stone Age jugs suggest that intentionally fermented drinks existed at least as early as the Neolithic period -LRB- cir . 10,000 BC -RRB- . Many nonhuman animals also consume alcohol when given the opportunity and are affected in much the same way as humans , although humans are the only species known to produce alcoholic drinks intentionally . ", "Dry January is a public health campaign urging people to abstain from alcohol for the month of January , particularly practised in the United Kingdom . The campaign , as a formal entity , appears to be relatively recent , being described as having `` sprung up in recent years '' even in 2014 . Although the Finnish government launched a campaign called `` Sober January '' already in 1942 as part of its war effort . The term `` Dry January '' was registered as a trademark by the charity Alcohol Concern in mid-2014 ; the first ever Dry January campaign by Alcohol Concern occurred in January 2013 . In the leadup to the January 2015 campaign , for the first time Alcohol Concern partnered with Public Health England . In January 2014 according to Alcohol Concern , which initiated the campaign , over 17,000 Britons stopped drinking for that month . While there is controversy as to the efficacy and benefits of the practice , a 2014 survey by the University of Sussex found that six months following January 2014 , out of 900 surveyed participants in the custom , 72 % had `` kept harmful drinking episodes down '' and 4 % were still not drinking . ", "Obesity in the United States has been increasingly cited as a major health issue in recent decades , resulting in diseases such as coronary heart disease that lead to mortality . While many industrialized countries have experienced similar increases , obesity rates in the United States are among the highest in the world . Obesity has continued to grow within the United States . Two out of every three Americans are considered to be overweight or obese . During the early 21st century , America often contained the highest percentage of obese people in the world . Obesity has led to over 120,000 preventable deaths each year in the United States . An obese person in America incurs an average of $ 1,429 more in medical expenses annually . Approximately $ 147 billion is spent in added medical expenses per year within the United States . This number is suspected to increase approximately $ 1.24 billion per year until the year 2030 . The United States had the highest rate of obesity within the OECD grouping of large trading economies , until obesity rates in Mexico surpassed those of the United States in 2013 . From 13 % obesity in 1962 , estimates have steadily increased . The following statistics comprise adults age 20 and over living at or near the poverty level . The obesity percentages for the overall US population are higher reaching 19.4 % in 1997 , 24.5 % in 2004 , 26.6 % in 2007 , and 33.8 % -LRB- adults -RRB- and 17 % -LRB- children -RRB- in 2008 . In 2010 , the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention -LRB- CDC -RRB- reported higher numbers once more , counting 35.7 % of American adults as obese , and 17 % of American children . In 2013 the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development -LRB- OECD -RRB- found that 27.6 % of American citizens were obese . The organization estimates that 3/4 of the American population will likely be overweight or obese by 2020 . The latest figures from the CDC show that more than one-third -LRB- 34.9 % or 78.6 million -RRB- of U.S. adults are obese and 17 % for children and adolescents aged 2 -- 19 years . Obesity has been cited as a contributing factor to approximately 100,000 -- 400,000 deaths in the United States per year and has increased health care use and expenditures , costing society an estimated $ 117 billion in direct -LRB- preventive , diagnostic , and treatment services related to weight -RRB- and indirect -LRB- absenteeism , loss of future earnings due to premature death -RRB- costs . This exceeds health care costs associated with smoking and accounts for 6 % to 12 % of national health care expenditures in the United States . ", "W.J. -LRB- William Joseph -RRB- Rorabaugh -LRB- born 1945 -RRB- is an American historian . He is a professor of history at the University of Washington and from 2003-08 was the managing editor of Pacific Northwest Quarterly . He graduated from Stanford University and the University of California , Berkeley with a PhD in 1976 . He is a book reviewer and the author of several works of American history . In July 2006 he became president of the Alcohol and Drugs History Society . He has studied the history of beer in America . Rorabaugh 's 1979 book The Alcoholic Republic : An American Tradition demonstrated the exceedingly high rate of alcohol consumption in the United States in the early nineteenth century . At the time , Rorabaugh argued , `` Americans preferred cider and whiskey because those drinks contained more alcohol than beer , which was too weak for American taste ... One can only conclude that at the root of the alcoholic republic was the fact that Americans chose the most highly alcoholic beverages that they could obtain easily and cheaply . '' In his more recent work on the decade of the 1960s in American history , Rorabaugh has suggested a redefinition of `` the sixties . '' In his 2002 book Kennedy and the Promise of the Sixties , he wrote : `` It is possible to argue that the sixties did not begin until 1965 , when African Americans rioted in Watts and when large numbers of American combat troops were sent to Vietnam , and did not end until 1974 when Richard Nixon resigned , or even 1975 , when the North Vietnamese marched into Saigon . '' Rorabaugh identified the earlier half of the decade as distinct both from the 1950s and `` the sixties '' : `` The early sixties , then , is important because it was an in-between time , a short space lodged between a more conservative , cautious , and complacent era that preceded it and a more frenzied , often raucous , and even violent era that followed . '' ", "In demographics , the world population is the total number of humans currently living . The world population was estimated to have reached 7,500,000,000 at 16:21 -LRB- UTC -RRB- on April 24 , 2017 . The United Nations estimates it will further increase to 11.2 billion in the year 2100 . World population has experienced continuous growth since the end of the Great Famine of 1315 -- 17 and the Black Death in 1350 , when it was near 370 million . The highest population growth rates -- global population increases above 1.8 % per year -- occurred between 1955-1975 peaking to 2.06 % between 1965-1970 . The growth rate has declined to 1.18 % between 2010-2015 and is projected to decline to 0.13 % by the year 2100 . Total annual births were highest in the late 1980s at about 139 million , and are now expected to remain essentially constant at their 2011 level of 135 million , while deaths number 56 million per year and are expected to increase to 80 million per year by 2040 . World population reached 7 billion on October 31 , 2011 according to the United Nations Population Fund , and on March 12 , 2012 according to the United States Census Bureau . The median age of the world 's population was estimated to be 30.1 years in 2016 , with the male median age estimated to be 29.4 years and female , 30.9 years . The 2012 UN projections show a continued increase in population in the near future with a steady decline in population growth rate ; the global population is expected to reach between 8.3 and 10.9 billion by 2050 . 2003 UN Population Division population projections for the year 2150 range between 3.2 and 24.8 billion . One of many independent mathematical models supports the lower estimate , while a 2014 estimate forecasts between 9.3 and 12.6 billion in 2100 , and continued growth thereafter . Some analysts have questioned the sustainability of further world population growth , highlighting the growing pressures on the environment , global food supplies , and energy resources . Estimates on the total number of humans who have ever lived range in the order of 106 to 108 billion . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Timur", "Crusader_invasions_of_Egypt", "Battle_of_La_Higueruela", "List_of_Mongol_and_Tatar_attacks_in_Europe", "Siege_of_Taormina_-LRB-1078-RRB-" ]

[ "Timur -LRB- تیمور Temūr , Chagatai : Temür , 9 April 1336 -- 18 February 1405 -RRB- , historically known as Amir Timur and Tamerlane -LRB- تيمور لنگ Temūr -LRB- - i -RRB- Lang , `` Timur the Lame '' -RRB- , was a Turco-Mongol conqueror . As the founder of the Timurid Empire in Persia and Central Asia he became the first ruler in the Timurid dynasty . Born into the Barlas confederation in Transoxiana on 9 April 1336 , Timur gained control of the western Chagatai Khanate by 1370 . From that base he led military campaigns across Western , South and Central Asia , the Caucasus and southern Russia , and emerged as the most powerful ruler in the Muslim world after defeating the Mamluks of Egypt and Syria , the emerging Ottoman Empire , and the declining Delhi Sultanate . From these conquests he founded the Timurid Empire , but this empire fragmented shortly after his death . Timur is considered the last of the great nomadic conquerors of the Eurasian Steppe , and his empire set the stage for the rise of the more structured and lasting Gunpowder Empires in the 1500s and 1600s . According to John Joseph Saunders , Timur 's background was Iranized and not steppe nomad . Timur envisioned the restoration of the Mongol Empire of Genghis Khan -LRB- died 1227 -RRB- . `` In his formal correspondence Temur continued throughout his life to portray himself as the restorer of Chinggisid rights . He justified his Iranian , Mamluk , and Ottoman campaigns as a re-imposition of legitimate Mongol control over lands taken by usurpers . To legitimize his conquests , Timur relied on Islamic symbols and language , referred to himself as the `` Sword of Islam '' , and patronized educational and religious institutions . He converted nearly all the Borjigin leaders to Islam during his lifetime . `` Temur , a non-Chinggisid , tried to build a double legitimacy based on his role as both guardian and restorer of the Mongol Empire . '' Timur also decisively defeated the Christian Knights Hospitaller at the Siege of Smyrna , styling himself a ghazi . By the end of his reign , Timur had gained complete control over all the remnants of the Chagatai Khanate , the Ilkhanate , and the Golden Horde , and even attempted to restore the Yuan dynasty in China . Timur 's armies were inclusively multi-ethnic and were feared throughout Asia , Africa , and Europe , sizable parts of which his campaigns laid to waste . Scholars estimate that his military campaigns caused the deaths of 17 million people , amounting to about 5 % of the world population at the time . He was the grandfather of the renowned Timurid sultan , astronomer and mathematician Ulugh Beg , who ruled Central Asia from 1411 to 1449 , and the great-great-great-grandfather of Babur -LRB- 1483-1530 -RRB- , founder of the Mughal Empire , which ruled parts of South Asia for over three centuries , from 1526 until 1857 . Timur is also recognized as a great patron of art and architecture , as he interacted with Muslim intellectuals such as Ibn Khaldun and Hafiz-i Abru . ", "The Crusader invasion of Egypt -LRB- 1154 -- 1169 -RRB- was a series of campaigns undertaken by the Kingdom of Jerusalem to strengthen its position in the Levant by taking advantage of the weakness of Fatimid Egypt . The war began as part of a succession crisis in the Fatimid Caliphate , which began to crumble under the pressure of Syria and the Crusader states . While one side called for help from Nur ad-Din Zangi , the other called for Crusader assistance . As the war progressed however it became a war of conquest . A number of Syrian campaigns into Egypt were stopped short of total victory by the aggressive campaigning of Amalric I of Jerusalem . Even so , the Crusaders generally speaking did not have things go their way , despite several sackings . A combined Byzantine-Crusader siege of Damietta failed in 1169 , the same year that Salah ad-Din , also known as Saladin in the West , took power in Egypt as vizier . In 1171 Saladin became Sultan of Egypt and the Crusaders thereafter turned their attention to the defence of their Kingdom , which , despite being surrounded by Syria and Egypt , held for another 16 years . Later crusades tried to support the Kingdom of Jerusalem by targeting the danger that was Egypt , but to no avail . ", "The Battle of La Higueruela -LRB- literally : `` Battle at the little fig tree '' -RRB- was fought in the Vega of the river Genil near Granada on 1 July 1431 between the forces of John II of Castile , led by Álvaro de Luna , and troops loyal to Muhammed IX , Nasrid Sultan of Granada . The battle was a modest victory for the forces of Castile , with no territorial gain and failing to take Granada . Following this battle , John II of Castile installed Yusuf IV , grandson of Muhammed VI , as Sultan of Granada . The battle is depicted in a famous series of fresco paintings by Fabrizio Castello , Orazio Cambiasi and Lazzaro Tavarone in the Gallery of Battles at the Royal Monastery of San Lorenzo de El Escorial . ", "The Mongol invasion of Europe from the east took place over the course of three centuries , from the Middle Ages to the early modern period . The terms Tatars or Tartars are applied to nomadic Mongolic peoples who , themselves , were conquered by Mongols and incorporated into their horde . They were mainly composed of Kipchaks-Cuman people . Mongol-Tatar Golden Horde forces led by Batu Khan , -LRB- a grandson of Genghis Khan -RRB- , began attacking Europe in 1223 , starting with Cumans , Volga Bulgaria and Kievan Rus . They destroyed many Rus cities including Kiev , Vladimir and Moscow in the process , sparing Novgorod and Pskov however . They originally planned to continue all the way to the shores of the `` Great Sea '' -LRB- Atlantic Ocean -RRB- . However , upon learning of the death of Ögedei Khan -LRB- third son of Genghis Khan , uncle of Batu Khan -RRB- in 1241 they returned eastwards to their steppe homelands . This , it could be argued , saved the rest of Europe from suffering the catastrophes that befell the armies and towns of Poland and Hungary , although over-stretched lines of communication and the lack of vast open tracts of pasture land might well have proved the undoing of such a venture . ", "The Siege of Taormina in 1078 was one of the final acts in the Norman conquest of Sicily . The Norman Count of Sicily , Roger I , after storming Castronovo , turned to the conquest of the Val Demone region . The Normans laid siege to Taormina by constructing 22 wooden forts around it in circumvallation . The Norman army divided into four contingents , commanded by Otto the Aleramid , probably the uncle of Adelaide del Vasto , the illegitimate son of the Count , Jordan , the Norman Arisgot du Pucheuil and Elias Cartomensis , a Muslim from Cártama who converted to Christianity . Nevertheless , the Arabs resisted for some time , before capitulating . Category :1078 in Europe Category : Conflicts in 1078 Category : Emirate of Sicily Taormina Taormina 962 Category : Taormina " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Sausage_Party", "Greg_Tiernan", "War_Party_-LRB-band-RRB-", "The_Hunting_Party_-LRB-album-RRB-", "The_Birthday_Party_-LRB-film-RRB-" ]

[ "Sausage Party is a 2016 adult computer-animated comedy film directed by Greg Tiernan and Conrad Vernon and written by Kyle Hunter , Ariel Shaffir , Seth Rogen and Evan Goldberg . It stars the voices of Seth Rogen , Kristen Wiig , Jonah Hill , Bill Hader , Michael Cera , James Franco , Danny McBride , Craig Robinson , Paul Rudd , Nick Kroll , David Krumholtz , Edward Norton , and Salma Hayek . It is the first CGI-animated film to be rated R by the MPAA . A spoof of Disney and Pixar films , it follows a sausage who tries to discover the truth about his existence and goes on a journey with his friends to escape their fate . The film 's rough cut premiered on March 14 , 2016 at South by Southwest and the film was theatrically released in the United States and Canada on August 12 , 2016 by Columbia Pictures . The film received positive reviews from critics and grossed more than $ 140 million . ", "Greg Tiernan -LRB- born June 19 , 1965 -RRB- is an Irish-Canadian animator , director and voice actor . Along with his wife Nicole Stinn , he founded Nitrogen Studios Canada , Inc. in 2003 , through which he introduced CGI to the Thomas & Friends series . Prior to this , Tiernan collaborated on various projects with filmmaker Don Bluth , Walt Disney Animation Studios and Klasky Csupo , Inc. . Tiernan made his feature film debut with the long-gestating R-rated animated film Sausage Party -LRB- 2016 -RRB- , joining Conrad Vernon to direct production of a story conceived by Seth Rogen , Evan Goldberg and Jonah Hill . ", "War Party is an award-winning Cree hip-hop group from Hobbema , Alberta . Founded in 1995 by Rex Smallboy , the group won the Canadian Aboriginal Music Award for Best Rap Album in 2001 , and was nominated again in 2002 and 2003 . As well , they were the first First Nations rap group to have a music video aired on Much Music . The band has since split into differing factions , as both Hellnback and Big Stomp of the group have separated to form RezOfficial . ", "The Hunting Party is the sixth studio album by American rock band Linkin Park . The album , produced by band members Mike Shinoda and Brad Delson , was released by Warner Bros. . Records and Machine Shop on June 13 , 2014 . It is the first album since Meteora -LRB- 2003 -RRB- not to be produced with Rick Rubin , after producing the band 's previous three studio albums . The title The Hunting Party is a contextual metaphor : Linkin Park is the party that is hunting to bring back the energy and soul of rock . The Hunting Party is a departure from the electronic rock sound of the band 's previous two studio albums . The album , described by Shinoda as simply `` a rock record '' , serves a statement by the band against contemporary mainstream and active rock bands , accused by him as `` trying to be other bands and playing it safe '' . Packaged by an artwork by Brandon Parvini based on an original drawing by James Jean , the album took under a year to record and produce , with material being improvisationally written by the band . The album also features guest appearances from Page Hamilton of Helmet , Daron Malakian of System of a Down , Tom Morello of Rage Against the Machine , and Rakim , marking the first time Linkin Park has collaborated with other artists on a studio album . The album was promoted by the band and Warner Bros , with multiple promotional teasers and interviews produced and published in the lead-up to the album 's release and listening parties of the album being held worldwide on multiple dates . The band embarked on the Carnivores Tour , a double-headline tour with Thirty Seconds to Mars , as well as The Hunting Party Tour , in support of the album . Five singles from The Hunting Party have been released ; `` Guilty All the Same '' in March 2014 , `` Until It 's Gone '' in May 2014 , and `` Wastelands '' , `` Rebellion '' and `` Final Masquerade '' in June 2014 . The album received generally positive reviews from critics , who praised its return to the heavier rock sound of their older albums . It debuted at number three on Billboard 200 , and has placed at number four on Revolver 's list of `` The 20 Best Albums of 2014 '' . ", "The Birthday Party is a 1968 British drama film directed by William Friedkin , and starring Robert Shaw , based on the 1957 play The Birthday Party by Harold Pinter . The screenplay for the film was written by Pinter as well . The film , and the play , are considered examples of `` comedy of menace '' , a genre associated with Pinter . The film was a passion project for Friedkin , who had been a fan of the play , and he remained proud of the film after its release , though it was a box office disappointment . " ]

[ 0, 1, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "Padua", "St._Anthony_of_Padua_Cathedral,_Patos_de_Minas", "Padovo_pri_Osilnici", "Iberian_Peninsula", "Corsica" ]

[ "Padua -LRB- -LSB- ˈpædju.ə -RSB- or -LSB- ˈpædʒu.ə -RSB- , Padova -LSB- ˈpaːdova -RSB- ; Pàdova -RRB- is a city and comune in Veneto , northern Italy . It is the capital of the province of Padua and the economic and communications hub of the area . Padua 's population is 214,000 . The city is sometimes included , with Venice -LRB- Italian Venezia -RRB- and Treviso , in the Padua-Treviso-Venice Metropolitan Area , which has a population of c. 1,600,000 . Padua stands on the Bacchiglione River , 40 km west of Venice and 29 km southeast of Vicenza . The Brenta River , which once ran through the city , still touches the northern districts . Its agricultural setting is the Venetian Plain -LRB- Pianura Veneta -RRB- . To the city 's south west lies the Euganaean Hills , praised by Lucan and Martial , Petrarch , Ugo Foscolo , and Shelley . It hosts the University of Padua , founded in 1222 , where Galileo Galilei was a lecturer . The city is picturesque , with a dense network of arcaded streets opening into large communal piazze , and many bridges crossing the various branches of the Bacchiglione , which once surrounded the ancient walls like a moat . Padua is the setting for most of the action in Shakespeare 's The Taming of the Shrew . There is a play by the Victorian writer Oscar Wilde , titled The Duchess Of Padua . ", "The St. Anthony of Padua Cathedral -LRB- Catedral Santo Antônio de Pádua -RRB- Also Patos de Minas Cathedral It is a Catholic church located in Patos de Minas , in the state of Minas Gerais in the South American country of Brazil . Dedicated to St. Anthony of Padua , it is the episcopal seat of the Catholic diocese of Patos de Minas . The Parish of Santo Antonio was established in Patos de Minas on May 31 , 1850 , through Provincial Law 472 . In the place where today the Memorial of Patos de Minas , there was a chapel that was built in 1839 . The old chapel Was remodeled in 1875 , but the space was insufficient to accommodate the faithful . The idea of constructing a new parochial church appeared in 1892 and a committee for this purpose was established in 1917 by Canon Getulio Alves de Melo . The first stone of the present temple , however , was only put on June 13 , 1934 . The construction was completed and the church opened to the public on June 13 , 1954 . Since the creation of the Catholic diocese of Patos de Minas , on April 5 , 1955 , the parish became a cathedral , which was solemnly consecrated on October 28 , 1961 by the then archbishop of Brasilia , the priest José Newton de Almeida . The old chapel was demolished only in 1965 . ", "Padovo pri Osilnici -LRB- -LSB- ˈpaːdɔʋɔ pɾi ɔˈsiːu̯nitsi -RSB- ; in older sources also Padova , Padua -RRB- is a small settlement in the hills above the left bank of the Kolpa River in the Municipality of Osilnica in southern Slovenia . The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region . ", "The Iberian Peninsula -LSB- aɪˈbɪəriən_pəˈnɪnsjᵿlə -RSB- , also known as Iberia -LSB- aɪˈbɪəriə -RSB- , is located in the southwest corner of Europe . The peninsula is principally divided between Portugal and Spain , comprising most of their territory . It also includes Andorra and a small part of France along the peninsula 's northeastern edge , as well as Gibraltar on its south coast , a small peninsula that forms an overseas territory of the United Kingdom . With an area of approximately 582000 km2 , it is the second largest European peninsula , after the Scandinavian . ", "Corsica -LRB- -LSB- ˈkɔrsɪkə -RSB- Corse -LSB- kɔʁs -RSB- Corsican and Italian : Corsica -LSB- ˈkɔrsika -RSB- -RRB- is an island in the Mediterranean Sea and one of the 13 regions of France . It is located west of the Italian Peninsula , southeast of the French mainland , and north of the Italian island of Sardinia . A single chain of mountains makes up two-thirds of the island . While being part of France , Corsica is also designated as a territorial collectivity -LRB- collectivité territoriale -RRB- by law . As a territorial collectivity , Corsica enjoys a greater degree of autonomy than other French regions ; for example , the Corsican Assembly is able to exercise limited executive powers . The island formed a single department until it was split in 1975 into two departments : Haute-Corse -LRB- Upper Corsica -RRB- and Corse-du-Sud -LRB- Southern Corsica -RRB- , with its regional capital in Ajaccio , the prefecture city of Corse-du-Sud . Bastia , the prefecture city of Haute-Corse , is the second-largest settlement in Corsica . After being ruled by the Republic of Genoa since 1284 , Corsica was briefly an independent Corsican Republic from 1755 until it was conquered by France in 1769 . Due to Corsica 's historical ties with the Italian peninsula , the island retains to this day many elements of the culture of Italy . The native Corsican language , whose northern variant is closely related to the Italian language , is recognised as a regional language by the French government . This Mediterranean island was ruled by various nations over the course of history but had several brief periods of independence . Napoleon was born in 1769 in the Corsican capital of Ajaccio . His ancestral home , Maison Bonaparte , is today used as a museum . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Lyon", "Lyon_County,_Iowa", "List_of_towns_and_cities_with_100,000_or_more_inhabitants/cityname-COLON-_H", "Eddyville,_Kentucky", "World_population" ]

[ "Lyon -LRB- -LSB- liːˈɒn -RSB- or -LSB- ˈliːɒn -RSB- -LSB- ljɔ̃ -RSB- , locally : -LSB- lijɔ̃ -RSB- Liyon -LSB- - frpʎjɔ̃ -RSB- -RRB- is a city in east-central France , in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region , about 470 km from Paris , 320 km from Marseille and 55 km from Saint-Etienne . Inhabitants of the city are called Lyonnais . Lyon had a population of 506,615 in 2014 and is France 's third-largest city after Paris and Marseille . Lyon is the capital of the Metropolis of Lyon and the region of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes . The metropolitan area of Lyon had a population of 2,237,676 in 2013 , the second-largest in France after Paris . The city is known for its cuisine and gastronomy and historical and architectural landmarks and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site . Lyon was historically an important area for the production and weaving of silk . It played a significant role in the history of cinema : Auguste and Louis Lumière invented the cinematographe in Lyon . The city is also known for its famous light festival , Fête des Lumières , which occurs every 8 December and lasts for four days , earning Lyon the title of Capital of Lights . Economically , Lyon is a major centre for banking , as well as for the chemical , pharmaceutical , and biotech industries . The city contains a significant software industry with a particular focus on video games , and in recent years has fostered a growing local start-up sector . Lyon hosts the international headquarters of Interpol , Euronews , and International Agency for Research on Cancer . Lyon was ranked 19th globally and second in France for innovation in 2014 . It ranked second in France and 39th globally in Mercer 's 2015 liveability rankings . ", "Lyon County is the most northwesterly county of the U.S. state of Iowa . As of the 2010 census , the population was 11,581 . The county seat is Rock Rapids . Lyon County is named in honor of Brigadier General Nathaniel Lyon , who served in the Mexican-American War and the Civil War . He was killed at the battle of Wilson 's Creek , Missouri , on August 10 , 1861 , after which the county was named for him . The county 's name was originally Buncombe County , but was changed by the state legislature on September 11 , 1862 . ", "This is a list of towns and cities in the world believed to have 100,000 or more inhabitants , as of 2006 . ", "Eddyville is a home rule-class city in and the county seat of Lyon County , Kentucky , United States . The population was 2,554 at the 2010 census , up from 2,350 in 2000 . The Kentucky State Penitentiary is located at Eddyville . ", "In demographics , the world population is the total number of humans currently living . The world population was estimated to have reached 7,500,000,000 at 16:21 -LRB- UTC -RRB- on April 24 , 2017 . The United Nations estimates it will further increase to 11.2 billion in the year 2100 . World population has experienced continuous growth since the end of the Great Famine of 1315 -- 17 and the Black Death in 1350 , when it was near 370 million . The highest population growth rates -- global population increases above 1.8 % per year -- occurred between 1955-1975 peaking to 2.06 % between 1965-1970 . The growth rate has declined to 1.18 % between 2010-2015 and is projected to decline to 0.13 % by the year 2100 . Total annual births were highest in the late 1980s at about 139 million , and are now expected to remain essentially constant at their 2011 level of 135 million , while deaths number 56 million per year and are expected to increase to 80 million per year by 2040 . World population reached 7 billion on October 31 , 2011 according to the United Nations Population Fund , and on March 12 , 2012 according to the United States Census Bureau . The median age of the world 's population was estimated to be 30.1 years in 2016 , with the male median age estimated to be 29.4 years and female , 30.9 years . The 2012 UN projections show a continued increase in population in the near future with a steady decline in population growth rate ; the global population is expected to reach between 8.3 and 10.9 billion by 2050 . 2003 UN Population Division population projections for the year 2150 range between 3.2 and 24.8 billion . One of many independent mathematical models supports the lower estimate , while a 2014 estimate forecasts between 9.3 and 12.6 billion in 2100 , and continued growth thereafter . Some analysts have questioned the sustainability of further world population growth , highlighting the growing pressures on the environment , global food supplies , and energy resources . Estimates on the total number of humans who have ever lived range in the order of 106 to 108 billion . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 0, 1 ]

[ "Mariah_Carey", "E=MC²_-LRB-Mariah_Carey_album-RRB-", "Jacqueline_Horner-Kwiatek", "Rockell", "Can't_Let_Go_-LRB-Mariah_Carey_song-RRB-" ]

[ "Mariah Carey -LRB- born March 27 , 1969 or 1970 -RRB- is an American singer , songwriter , record producer , and actress . In 1990 , she rose to fame with the release of `` Vision of Love '' from her eponymous debut album . The album produced four chart-topping singles in the US and began what would become a string of commercially successful albums which solidified the singer as Columbias highest selling act . Carey and Boyz II Men spent a record sixteen weeks atop the Billboard Hot 100 in 1995 -- 96 with `` One Sweet Day , '' which remains the longest-running number-one song in US chart history . Following a contentious divorce from Sony Music head Tommy Mottola , Carey adopted a new image and traversed towards hip hop with the release of Butterfly -LRB- 1997 -RRB- . In 1998 , she was honored as the world 's best-selling recording artist of the 1990s at the World Music Awards and subsequently named the best-selling female artist of the millennium in 2000 . Carey parted with Columbia in 2000 , and signed a record-breaking $ 100 million recording contract with Virgin Records America . In the weeks prior to the release of her film Glitter and its accompanying soundtrack in 2001 , she suffered a physical and emotional breakdown and was hospitalized for severe exhaustion . The project was poorly received and led to a general decline in the singer 's career . Carey 's recording contract was bought out for $ 50 million by Virgin and she signed a multi-million dollar deal with Island Records the following year . After a relatively unsuccessful period , she returned to the top of music charts with The Emancipation of Mimi -LRB- 2005 -RRB- . The album became the best-selling album in the US and the second best-seller worldwide in 2005 and produced `` We Belong Together , '' which became her most successful single of the 2000s , and was later named `` Song of the Decade '' by Billboard . Carey once again ventured into film with a well-received supporting role in Precious -LRB- 2009 -RRB- , and was awarded the `` Breakthrough Performance Award '' at the Palm Springs International Film Festival . Throughout her career , Carey has sold more than 200 million records worldwide , making her one of the best-selling music artists of all time . According to the RIAA , she is the third-best-selling female artist in the United States , with 63.5 million certified albums . With the release of `` Touch My Body '' -LRB- 2008 -RRB- , Carey gained her 18th number-one single in the United States , more than any other solo artist . In 2012 , the singer was ranked second on VH1 's list of the `` 100 Greatest Women in Music . '' Aside from her commercial accomplishments , Carey has won 5 Grammy Awards , 19 World Music Awards , 11 American Music Awards , and 14 Billboard Music Awards and has been consistently credited with inspiring a generation of singers . Referred to as the `` songbird supreme '' by the Guinness World Records , she has a five-octave vocal range , power , melismatic style and signature use of the whistle register . ", "E = MC ² is the eleventh studio album by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey . It was released in the United States on April 15 , 2008 by Island Records . The singer began recording the album in 2007 in Anguilla , after writing and composing most of its material during and after her 2006 Adventures of Mimi Tour . Carey worked with several notable songwriters and producers during the course of the project , including Jermaine Dupri , Bryan-Michael Cox , Stargate , The-Dream , Tricky Stewart , Scott Storch and Danja . The album revealed a more personal side of the singer , illustrated in its declarative theme of emancipation from her previous marriage , and from her personal and professional setbacks . Although it shared similar vocal production as well as an inclination to her signature pop and R&B ballads , the album also encompassed a variety of dance-oriented and uptempo styles . It was meant to be a continuation , or a second part of her tenth studio album , The Emancipation of Mimi -LRB- 2005 -RRB- . Carey collaborated with a number of artists on the album , including T-Pain , Damian Marley and Young Jeezy . Though considered by critics very similar to the formula its predecessor had been built on , E = MC ² included other genres she had never explored , such as reggae , and her continued recording of gospel-influenced hymns . E = MC ² was generally well received by music critics , with many complimenting the record 's broad genre influences , and musical and production styles . Some critics , however , felt that the album was too similar to The Emancipation of Mimi , and did n't offer anything new from the formula . The album debuted at number one on the US Billboard 200 with opening week sales of 463,000 copies ; the highest first-week sales of Carey 's career . It opened inside the top-five on the albums chart in Australia , Canada , Switzerland and the United Kingdom . The album achieved worldwide sales of over 2.5 million copies . Four singles were commission in promotion of the album . The album 's lead single , `` Touch My Body '' , became Carey 's eighteenth chart topper on the Billboard Hot 100 , making her the solo artist with the most number one singles in United States history , surpassing the record held by Elvis Presley . Additionally , it gave Carey her 79th week atop the chart , tying Presley for most weeks at number one . It achieved strong worldwide charting , peaking within the top five of the singles charts in Italy , Japan , New Zealand , Switzerland and the United Kingdom . `` Bye Bye '' served as the album 's second release . Although hailed by critics , and expected to have achieved large commercial success , the song stalled at number nineteen on the Hot 100 , and managed to chart weakly internationally . Both the third and fourth singles , `` I 'll Be Lovin ' U Long Time '' and `` I Stay in Love '' failed to garner success in any prominent music market . ", "Jacqueline Horner-Kwiatek is a mezzo-soprano specializing in both early music and new works . She is a member of the critically acclaimed ensemble Anonymous 4 and was a featured soloist on Christopher Tin 's Grammy award-winning CD `` Calling All Dawns '' . Originally from Belfast , N. Ireland , she worked in Europe with many iconic composers including Stockhausen , Berio , Xenakis and Judith Weir before moving to the United States . In addition to her work with Anonymous 4 she has continued her work in new music , collaborating with David Lang , Gregory Spears , Daniel Thomas Davis and Phil Kline . She is a voice teacher and has been a visiting artist at many universities in the United States including Princeton , Yale , The Catholic University , Georgetown University and Mannes School of Music . ", "Rachel Alexandra Mercaldo -LRB- born March 4 , 1977 in Staten Island , New York -RRB- , better known as Rockell , is an American freestyle , dance , Hi-NRG and pop singer-songwriter . ", "`` Ca n't Let Go '' is a ballad written and produced by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey and Walter Afanasieff , and recorded for Carey 's second album Emotions -LRB- 1991 -RRB- . It was released as the album 's second single in the fourth quarter of 1991 in the United States and the first quarter of 1992 elsewhere . The protagonist of this synthesizer-heavy ballad laments an ex-lover who has moved on , and though she tries she `` ca n't let go . '' Carey had fallen out with her songwriting partner Ben Margulies following a financial dispute , and her record label suggested that she work with the other producers of her debut album such as Rhett Lawrence , Ric Wake and Narada Michael Walden . She chose Walter Afanasieff , who had produced her second single `` Love Takes Time '' -LRB- 1990 -RRB- , and `` Ca n't Let Go '' was one of the songs they created . After the release of the single `` Emotions , '' `` Ca n't Let Go '' was promoted on both The Arsenio Hall Show in September 1991 and Saturday Night Live in November 1991 when she was the musical guest in the episode which featured Linda Hamilton as the host . `` Ca n't Let Go '' was later included on Carey 's The Ballads -LRB- 2008 -RRB- . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 1, 1 ]

[ "Mariah_Carey", "E=MC²_-LRB-Mariah_Carey_album-RRB-", "Jacqueline_Horner-Kwiatek", "Rockell", "Can't_Let_Go_-LRB-Mariah_Carey_song-RRB-" ]

[ "Mariah Carey -LRB- born March 27 , 1969 or 1970 -RRB- is an American singer , songwriter , record producer , and actress . In 1990 , she rose to fame with the release of `` Vision of Love '' from her eponymous debut album . The album produced four chart-topping singles in the US and began what would become a string of commercially successful albums which solidified the singer as Columbias highest selling act . Carey and Boyz II Men spent a record sixteen weeks atop the Billboard Hot 100 in 1995 -- 96 with `` One Sweet Day , '' which remains the longest-running number-one song in US chart history . Following a contentious divorce from Sony Music head Tommy Mottola , Carey adopted a new image and traversed towards hip hop with the release of Butterfly -LRB- 1997 -RRB- . In 1998 , she was honored as the world 's best-selling recording artist of the 1990s at the World Music Awards and subsequently named the best-selling female artist of the millennium in 2000 . Carey parted with Columbia in 2000 , and signed a record-breaking $ 100 million recording contract with Virgin Records America . In the weeks prior to the release of her film Glitter and its accompanying soundtrack in 2001 , she suffered a physical and emotional breakdown and was hospitalized for severe exhaustion . The project was poorly received and led to a general decline in the singer 's career . Carey 's recording contract was bought out for $ 50 million by Virgin and she signed a multi-million dollar deal with Island Records the following year . After a relatively unsuccessful period , she returned to the top of music charts with The Emancipation of Mimi -LRB- 2005 -RRB- . The album became the best-selling album in the US and the second best-seller worldwide in 2005 and produced `` We Belong Together , '' which became her most successful single of the 2000s , and was later named `` Song of the Decade '' by Billboard . Carey once again ventured into film with a well-received supporting role in Precious -LRB- 2009 -RRB- , and was awarded the `` Breakthrough Performance Award '' at the Palm Springs International Film Festival . Throughout her career , Carey has sold more than 200 million records worldwide , making her one of the best-selling music artists of all time . According to the RIAA , she is the third-best-selling female artist in the United States , with 63.5 million certified albums . With the release of `` Touch My Body '' -LRB- 2008 -RRB- , Carey gained her 18th number-one single in the United States , more than any other solo artist . In 2012 , the singer was ranked second on VH1 's list of the `` 100 Greatest Women in Music . '' Aside from her commercial accomplishments , Carey has won 5 Grammy Awards , 19 World Music Awards , 11 American Music Awards , and 14 Billboard Music Awards and has been consistently credited with inspiring a generation of singers . Referred to as the `` songbird supreme '' by the Guinness World Records , she has a five-octave vocal range , power , melismatic style and signature use of the whistle register . ", "E = MC ² is the eleventh studio album by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey . It was released in the United States on April 15 , 2008 by Island Records . The singer began recording the album in 2007 in Anguilla , after writing and composing most of its material during and after her 2006 Adventures of Mimi Tour . Carey worked with several notable songwriters and producers during the course of the project , including Jermaine Dupri , Bryan-Michael Cox , Stargate , The-Dream , Tricky Stewart , Scott Storch and Danja . The album revealed a more personal side of the singer , illustrated in its declarative theme of emancipation from her previous marriage , and from her personal and professional setbacks . Although it shared similar vocal production as well as an inclination to her signature pop and R&B ballads , the album also encompassed a variety of dance-oriented and uptempo styles . It was meant to be a continuation , or a second part of her tenth studio album , The Emancipation of Mimi -LRB- 2005 -RRB- . Carey collaborated with a number of artists on the album , including T-Pain , Damian Marley and Young Jeezy . Though considered by critics very similar to the formula its predecessor had been built on , E = MC ² included other genres she had never explored , such as reggae , and her continued recording of gospel-influenced hymns . E = MC ² was generally well received by music critics , with many complimenting the record 's broad genre influences , and musical and production styles . Some critics , however , felt that the album was too similar to The Emancipation of Mimi , and did n't offer anything new from the formula . The album debuted at number one on the US Billboard 200 with opening week sales of 463,000 copies ; the highest first-week sales of Carey 's career . It opened inside the top-five on the albums chart in Australia , Canada , Switzerland and the United Kingdom . The album achieved worldwide sales of over 2.5 million copies . Four singles were commission in promotion of the album . The album 's lead single , `` Touch My Body '' , became Carey 's eighteenth chart topper on the Billboard Hot 100 , making her the solo artist with the most number one singles in United States history , surpassing the record held by Elvis Presley . Additionally , it gave Carey her 79th week atop the chart , tying Presley for most weeks at number one . It achieved strong worldwide charting , peaking within the top five of the singles charts in Italy , Japan , New Zealand , Switzerland and the United Kingdom . `` Bye Bye '' served as the album 's second release . Although hailed by critics , and expected to have achieved large commercial success , the song stalled at number nineteen on the Hot 100 , and managed to chart weakly internationally . Both the third and fourth singles , `` I 'll Be Lovin ' U Long Time '' and `` I Stay in Love '' failed to garner success in any prominent music market . ", "Jacqueline Horner-Kwiatek is a mezzo-soprano specializing in both early music and new works . She is a member of the critically acclaimed ensemble Anonymous 4 and was a featured soloist on Christopher Tin 's Grammy award-winning CD `` Calling All Dawns '' . Originally from Belfast , N. Ireland , she worked in Europe with many iconic composers including Stockhausen , Berio , Xenakis and Judith Weir before moving to the United States . In addition to her work with Anonymous 4 she has continued her work in new music , collaborating with David Lang , Gregory Spears , Daniel Thomas Davis and Phil Kline . She is a voice teacher and has been a visiting artist at many universities in the United States including Princeton , Yale , The Catholic University , Georgetown University and Mannes School of Music . ", "Rachel Alexandra Mercaldo -LRB- born March 4 , 1977 in Staten Island , New York -RRB- , better known as Rockell , is an American freestyle , dance , Hi-NRG and pop singer-songwriter . ", "`` Ca n't Let Go '' is a ballad written and produced by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey and Walter Afanasieff , and recorded for Carey 's second album Emotions -LRB- 1991 -RRB- . It was released as the album 's second single in the fourth quarter of 1991 in the United States and the first quarter of 1992 elsewhere . The protagonist of this synthesizer-heavy ballad laments an ex-lover who has moved on , and though she tries she `` ca n't let go . '' Carey had fallen out with her songwriting partner Ben Margulies following a financial dispute , and her record label suggested that she work with the other producers of her debut album such as Rhett Lawrence , Ric Wake and Narada Michael Walden . She chose Walter Afanasieff , who had produced her second single `` Love Takes Time '' -LRB- 1990 -RRB- , and `` Ca n't Let Go '' was one of the songs they created . After the release of the single `` Emotions , '' `` Ca n't Let Go '' was promoted on both The Arsenio Hall Show in September 1991 and Saturday Night Live in November 1991 when she was the musical guest in the episode which featured Linda Hamilton as the host . `` Ca n't Let Go '' was later included on Carey 's The Ballads -LRB- 2008 -RRB- . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 1, 1 ]

[ "Probot", "Ray_Prochaska", "Gary_Grubbs", "John_Schneider_-LRB-producer-RRB-", "Alan_Blumenfeld" ]

[ "Probot was a heavy metal side project of ex-Nirvana drummer and Foo Fighters rhythm guitarist and lead-singer Dave Grohl . Described by Grohl as `` a death metal Supernatural '' , the album mixes instrumentals recorded by Grohl himself with various metal singers which the musician admired . The album was released in February 2004 by Southern Lord Records . It featured one single entitled `` Centuries of Sin '' / `` The Emerald Law '' . ", "Raymond Edward Prochaska -LRB- August 9 , 1919 -- March 9 , 1997 -RRB- was an American gridiron football player and coach . Born in Ulysses , Nebraska , he attended the University of Nebraska and played one season in the National Football League -LRB- NFL -RRB- . Prochaska made his professional debut in the NFL in 1941 with the Cleveland Rams before leaving football for military service during World War II . Prochaska went on to be an assistant coach , often serving under Chuck Knox with multiple NFL teams , and in 1961 briefly served as interim head coach of the St. Louis Cardinals . He coached under Knox with the Los Angeles Rams , Buffalo Bills , and Seattle Seahawks . After Pop Ivy resigned late in the season , Prochaska shared head coaching duties with fellow assistant coaches Chuck Drulis and Ray Willsey . Under the trio 's guidance , the team won its last two games . ", "Gary Grubbs -LRB- born November 14 , 1949 -RRB- is an American actor . Grubbs has several film and television credits to his name , including his portrayal of attorney Al Oser in Oliver Stone 's JFK . He appeared as George Russell on The Wonderful World of Disney 's 1988 miniseries `` Davy Crockett : Rainbow in the Thunder '' starring Tim Dunigan . In the 1990s , Grubbs landed two notable -LRB- albeit short-lived -RRB- recurring television roles . On Growing Pains , he played George Brower , Luke Brower 's -LRB- Leonardo DiCaprio -RRB- long-lost father , and during the first two seasons of Will & Grace , he played Harlin Polk , Will Truman 's -LRB- Eric McCormack -RRB- number-one client . He also played Cal Stephens , a car dealer who sold Al Bundy a lemon , on Married ... with Children . In the 2001 film Double Take , Grubbs played the role of CIA agent Timothy Jarret McReady . More recently , he appeared in the recurring role of Gordon Bullit on the final season of The O.C. . Grubbs also made a cameo on a few episodes of the WB series Angel as Fred 's father , Roger Burkle . He had a recurring role on Treme as Richard Desautel , father of chef Janette Desautel -LRB- Kim Dickens -RRB- . In 2012 , he appeared in an episode of Criminal Minds as Detective Oren Carr . ", "John Schneider -LRB- born April 23 , 1962 -RRB- is an American film , television and multi-media producer and artists ' manager based in Los Angeles , California . The Pacifica , California native made his first forays into show business when he took on the position of personal manager for his younger brother , comedian and actor Rob Schneider , and subsequently managed the San Francisco area rock band Head On . Eventually , John transitioned into producing movies such as The Hot Chick and Deuce Bigalow : Male Gigolo , alongside executive producers Adam Sandler and Jack Giarraputo . John was the executive producer of Rob , a situation comedy starring Rob Schneider , which aired on the CBS television network in 2012 , and co-produced the Academy Award-nominated 2012 feature film Hitchcock . He also serves as the personal manager of comedian , talk-show host and actor Tom Green , and creative consultant for Limp Bizkit frontman Fred Durst . Schneider produced Tom Green Live -- the weekly talk show hosted by Green on entrepreneur/media mogul Mark Cuban 's AXS TV channel -- and is currently engaged in program development for CBS-TV , Showtime and The CW networks in conjunction with The Tannenbaum Company . In addition to his various production and management credits , John previously owned and operated the San Francisco nightclub DNA Lounge , and , at the age of 23 , was elected to the Pacifica , California school board . He now resides in the Los Angeles area with his wife and three daughters . ", "Alan Blumenfeld -LRB- born September 4 , 1952 -RRB- is a veteran American character actor best known for his role in NBC 's TV series Heroes as Maury Parkman , the telepath father of Matt Parkman played by Greg Grunberg , and as Bob Buss in the telefilm 2gether . He has played Greg Grunberg 's father in both Felicity and Heroes . " ]

[ 2, 0, 1, 0, 0 ]

[ "Cary_Elwes", "Charles_Bigelow_-LRB-type_designer-RRB-", "Wilde_Oscar", "Melanie_Dawes", "Alexandra_Elizabeth_Parker" ]

[ "Ivan Simon Cary Elwes -LRB- -LSB- ˈɛlwɪs -RSB- born 26 October 1962 -RRB- , known professionally as Cary Elwes , is an English actor and writer . He is best known for his roles in films such as The Princess Bride , Glory , Robin Hood : Men in Tights , Days of Thunder , Bram Stoker 's Dracula , Hot Shots ! , Twister , The Jungle Book , Liar , Liar , and Saw . He has also had recurring roles in series such as The X-Files and Psych , and currently stars in the Crackle series The Art of More . ", "Charles A. Bigelow -LRB- born July 29 , 1945 in Detroit , Michigan -RRB- is an American type historian , professor , and designer . Bigelow grew up in the Detroit suburbs and attended the Cranbrook School in Bloomfield Hills . He received a MacArthur Fellowship in 1982 , the Frederic W. Goudy Award in 1987 , Sloan Science and Film screenwriting awards in 2001 and 2002 , and other honors . Along with Kris Holmes , he is the co-creator of Lucida and Wingdings font families . He is a principal of the Bigelow and Holmes studio . Bigelow received a BA in anthropology in Reed College was a professor of digital typography at Stanford University from 1982 to 1995 . As president of the Committee on Letterform Research and Education of ATypI , he organized the first international seminar on digital type design : `` The Computer and the Hand in Type Design '' , at Stanford in 1983 . In mid-2006 , Bigelow was appointed to the Melbert B. Cary Distinguished Professorship at Rochester Institute of Technology . At RIT , he co-organized the 2010 international symposium on `` The Future of Reading '' and the 2012 `` Reading Digital '' symposium , in which type designers , publication designers , and vision scientists discussed the present and future of reading on digital devices . He retired from teaching at RIT in 2012 , and is currently Cary Scholar in Residence at the Cary Graphic Arts Collection of the RIT Wallace Center . ", "Wilde Oscar -LRB- born April 8 , 1967 in Burnham , Buckinghamshire , England -RRB- is an English retired pornographic film actor , and he is noted for being married to , and frequently performing with the English pornographic film actress Nici Sterling . ", "Melanie Henrietta Dawes , CB -LRB- born 9 March 1966 -RRB- is a British economist and civil servant . Since March 2015 , she has been Permanent Secretary of the Department for Communities and Local Government . She was the first permanent secretary to be appointed under a new scheme in which the Prime Minister has the final say over selection . She previously worked at HM Treasury , at HM Revenue and Customs , and in the Cabinet Office . ", "Alexandra Elizabeth Parker is a beauty pageant title holder . She was crowned Miss Earth Dominican Republic on September 20 , 2015 . Born October 7 , 1994 in Higuey , Dominican Republic she is a dual citizen of the United States and Dominican Republic . She grew up in Santo Domingo , Dominican Republic , Lakeland , Florida and Sylva , North Carolina . She currently resides in Toccoa , Georgia . She began modeling at the age of 15 and has appeared in numerous publications , television shows and movies . She competed in the Miss Earth worldwide pageant in Vienna , Austria in December 2015 . " ]

[ 2, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Argentina", "National_Congress_of_Argentina", "Argirópolis", "América,_Buenos_Aires", "Neighbourhoods_of_Buenos_Aires" ]

[ "Argentina -LRB- -LSB- ɑrdʒənˈtiːnə -RSB- -LSB- aɾxenˈtina -RSB- -RRB- , officially the Argentine Republic -LRB- República Argentina -RRB- , is a federal republic in the southern portion of South America . Sharing the bulk of the Southern Cone with its neighbor Chile to the west , the country is also bordered by Bolivia and Paraguay to the north , Brazil to the northeast , Uruguay and the South Atlantic Ocean to the east , and the Drake Passage to the south . With a mainland area of 2780400 km2 , Argentina is the eighth-largest country in the world , the second largest in Latin America , and the largest Spanish-speaking one . The country is subdivided into twenty-three provinces -LRB- provincias , singular provincia -RRB- and one autonomous city -LRB- ciudad autónoma -RRB- , Buenos Aires , which is the federal capital of the nation -LRB- -LSB- Capital Federal , links = no -RSB- -RRB- as decided by Congress . The provinces and the capital have their own constitutions , but exist under a federal system . Argentina claims sovereignty over part of Antarctica , the Falkland Islands -LRB- -LSB- Islas Malvinas , links = no -RSB- -RRB- , and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands . The earliest recorded human presence in the area of modern-day Argentina dates back to the Paleolithic period . The country has its roots in Spanish colonization of the region during the 16th century . Argentina rose as the successor state of the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata , a Spanish overseas viceroyalty founded in 1776 . The declaration and fight for independence -LRB- 1810 -- 1818 -RRB- was followed by an extended civil war that lasted until 1861 , culminating in the country 's reorganization as a federation of provinces with Buenos Aires as its capital city . The country thereafter enjoyed relative peace and stability , with massive waves of European immigration radically reshaping its cultural and demographic outlook . The almost-unparalleled increase in prosperity led to Argentina becoming the seventh wealthiest developed nation in the world by the early 20th century . After 1930 , Argentina descended into political instability and periodic economic crises that pushed it back into underdevelopment , though it nevertheless remained among the fifteen richest countries until the mid-20th century . Argentina retains its historic status as a middle power in international affairs , and is a prominent regional power in the Southern Cone and Latin America . Argentina has the second largest economy in South America , the third-largest in Latin America and is a member of the G-15 and G-20 major economies . It is also a founding member of the United Nations , World Bank , World Trade Organization , Mercosur , Union of South American Nations , Community of Latin American and Caribbean States and the Organization of Ibero-American States . It is the country with the second highest Human Development Index in Latin America with a rating of `` very high '' . Because of its stability , market size and growing high-tech sector , Argentina is classified as a high-income economy . ", "The Congress of the Argentine Nation -LRB- Congreso de la Nación Argentina -RRB- is the legislative branch of the government of Argentina . Its composition is bicameral , constituted by a 72-seat Senate and a 257-seat Chamber of Deputies . The Congressional Palace is located in Buenos Aires , at the western end of Avenida de Mayo -LRB- at the other end of which is located the Casa Rosada -RRB- . The Kilometre Zero for all Argentine National Highways is marked on a milestone at the Congressional Plaza , next to the building . ", "Argirópolis -LRB- From Greek Άργυροπόλις `` Silver City '' -RRB- is an imaginary city conceived by Argentine statesman Domingo Faustino Sarmiento as the capital of the Confederated States of Plata -LRB- Argentina , Paraguay and Uruguay -RRB- . It is also the title of the book that outlines this proposal . ", "América is a city in Buenos Aires Province , Argentina , and the head town of the Rivadavia Partido , located some 500 km from Buenos Aires City and 560 km from the provincial capital , La Plata . Its population was , as per the 2001 census , 12,361 . ", "Buenos Aires , autonomous city and capital of Argentina , is composed of forty-eight neighbourhoods -LRB- locally known as barrios -RRB- . The city is also legally divided into communes , each one including one or more barrios . Among the most visited and populated barrios are Palermo , Recoleta , Puerto Madero , Belgrano , San Telmo , La Boca , Monserrat and Caballito . Sectors of the city are also traditionally known as neighborhoods by the inhabitants of Buenos Aires , but not officially by the authorities of the city ; some examples include Chinatown , Barrio Norte and the Microcentro . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 0, 1 ]

[ "Indian_National_Congress", "Madras_Mahajana_Sabha", "Indian_Federal_Democratic_Party", "Communist_Party_of_India_-LRB-Marxist–Leninist-RRB-_Second_Central_Committee", "Azad_Hind_Dal" ]

[ "The Indian National Congress -LRB- INC , often called Congress -RRB- is a broad-based political party in India . Founded in 1885 , the Congress led India to independence from Great Britain , and powerfully influenced other anti-colonial nationalist movements in the British Empire . After India 's independence in 1947 , the Congress formed the government at center in most instances , and also many regional state governments . The Congress is a secular , left-of-centre , party . Although it did not fare well in the last general elections in India in 2014 , it remains one of two major , nationwide , political parties in India , along with the right-wing , Hindu nationalist , Bhartiya Janata Party -LRB- BJP -RRB- . The Congress was the first modern nationalist movement to emerge in the British Empire in Asia and Africa . It was founded in Bombay in late December 1885 , during the British Raj in India . Its principal founders were , Allan Octavian Hume -LRB- a former administrator of Etawah district , North-Western Provinces , and pioneering ornithologist of India -RRB- , as well as William Wedderburn , Pherozeshah Mehta , Dadabhai Naoroji , Dinshaw Wacha , and others . From the late 19th-century , and especially after 1920 , under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi , Congress became the principal leader of the Indian independence movement , with over 15 million members and over 70 million participants . After independence in 1947 , Congress became India 's dominant political party ; , in the 15 general elections since independence , it has won an outright majority on six occasions and has led the ruling coalition a further four times , heading the central government for 49 years . There have been seven Congress Prime Ministers , the first being Jawaharlal Nehru -LRB- 1947 -- 64 -RRB- , and the most recent Manmohan Singh -LRB- 2004 -- 14 -RRB- . The party 's social liberal platform is generally considered to be on the centre-left of Indian politics . From 2004 to 2014 , the Congress-led United Progressive Alliance , a coalition of several regional parties , formed the Indian government and was headed by Prime Minister Manmohan Singh . As of March 2017 , the party is in power in five states : Punjab , Himachal Pradesh , Karnataka , Meghalaya and Mizoram . In Bihar , it is a part of the ruling coalition . The Congress has previously directly ruled Andhra Pradesh , Tamil Nadu , Gujarat , Madhya Pradesh , Rajasthan , Uttar Pradesh and Goa . In the 2014 general election , the Congress had its poorest post-independence general election performance , winning only 44 seats of the 543-member house . The Congress ' social policy is based upon the Gandhian principle of Sarvodaya -- the lifting up of all sections of society -- which involves the improvement of the lives of economically underprivileged and socially marginalised people . The party primarily endorses social liberalism -- seeking to balance individual liberty and social justice , and secularism -- asserting the right to be free from religious rule and teachings . ", "Madras Mahajana Sabha was an Indian nationalist organisation based in the Madras Presidency . Along with the Poona Sarvajanik Sabha , Bombay Presidency Association and the Indian Association , it is considered to be a predecessor of the Indian National Congress . ", "The Indian Federal Democratic Party was a political party in India . In the 2004 Lok Sabha elections IFDP won one seat from KeralaP.C . THOMAS Defeating Jose K Mani of Kerala Congress -LRB- M -RRB- . That was the first parliamentary electoral victory of a National Democratic Alliance member in the state . Later , IFDP merged with the Kerala Congress -LRB- J -RRB- . A breakaway faction of IFDP led by M.P. George is still existing in Kerala . This faction may merge with the proposed United Kerala Congress . Category : Defunct political parties in India Category : Political parties with year of establishment missing Category : Political parties with year of disestablishment missing Category : Political parties in India ", "The Communist Party of India -LRB- Marxist-Leninist -RRB- Second Central Committee -LSB- CPI -LRB- M-L -RRB- 2nd CC -RSB- is a political party in India . It emerged in 1973 when the pro-Charu Majumdar faction of the original CPI -LRB- M-L -RRB- got divided into pro and anti-Lin Piao groups . The CPI -LRB- M-L -RRB- 2nd CC represents the pro-Lin Piao stream . At present , the party is active in states like Bihar , Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal . The undivided CPI -LRB- M-L -RRB- , the mother organization of CPI -LRB- M-L -RRB- 2nd CC , was formed in 1969 by the All India Coordination Committee of Communist Revolutionaries , which had actually split from the Communist Party of India -LRB- Marxist -RRB- in 1967 after a protracted course of inner-party struggle against revisionist and neo-revisionist deviations . The CPI -LRB- M-L -RRB- , led by radical Communist leaders like Charu Majumdar , Saroj Dutta , Jagjit Singh Sohal and others , advocated armed struggle against parliamentary elections . They categorised India as a semi-feudal , semi-colonial state led by the comprador bourgeoisie and the feudal class under the dictates of imperialism and social-imperialism . From 1969 to 1972 , the party fought the Indian state tirelessly by taking to the path of ` Protracted People 's War ' of Mao Tse-tung and built up the struggles of Srikakulam , Kheri-Lakhimpur , Mushahari , Debra-Gopiballabhpur etc. . In 1970 it organised its First Party Congress in Calcutta , West Bengal . The CPI -LRB- M-L -RRB- , however , could not continue with the struggle it had launched against the state and its alleged agents . After its general secretary 's -LRB- Charu Majumdar -RRB- death on 28 July 1972 at Lal Bazar Police Custody in Calcutta , it got divided into different factions , one of which was pro-Charu Majumdar by nature . In 1973 , after the 10th Congress of the Chinese Communist Party , the pro-Charu Majumdar CPI -LRB- M-L -RRB- became further divided into two groups , namely pro and anti-Lin Piao factions . Mahadev Mukherjee was the leader of the pro-Lin Piao group . The pro-Lin Piao faction organized its ` Second Party Congress ' in December 1973 at Kamalpur , a Naxalite bastion in Hooghly-Burdwan district frontier . The Congress reaffirmed the programme of the undivided CPI -LRB- M-L -RRB- , adopted at the first party congress in 1970 , and paid red salutes to Lin Piao and Charu Majumdar . As soon as the Congress was over , the party launched a wave of weapon snatches , attacks on police , prison escapes and annihilation campaigns . By 1973-74 10 policemen in West Bengal were killed by the party and there were 39 incidents of gun snatching . But when the state machinery came down on the revolutionaries heavily , the party had to face a serious setback . Most of the leaders were either incarcerated or killed . The reorganisation process , therefore , began after August 1977 when the detainees were released . In September 1978 , as a result of the annihilation of a landowner at Manihari in Katihar district of Bihar , the Central Committee got divided between Mahadev Mukherjee and his supporters on the one hand and the hardliner section of the party led by Azizul Haque and Nishit Bhattacharya on the other . After Mahadev Mukherjee 's expulsion Haque and Bhattacharya assumed leadership and reorganised the party . They named it CPI -LRB- M-L -RRB- 2nd CC as a continuation of the Central Committee that was elected in the Second Party Congress -LRB- Kamalpur -RRB- in 1973 . During Haque and Bhattacharya 's tenure , that is between 1978 and 1982 , CPI -LRB- M-L -RRB- 2nd CC formed a provisional revolutionary government in the rural areas of North and South Bengal and in the struggle zones of Bihar . The 2nd CC leadership installed a number of revolutionary committees in these areas and built up the embryo of proletarian dictatorship under the guidance of the People 's Liberation Army . Later , however , after a series of clashes with the state , both Haque and Bhattacharya were arrested . They were subsequently expelled from the party due to Haque signing a cease fire deal with the government of West Bengal . After their expulsion 2nd CC gradually became a dying force . Despite a number of efforts , the new leadership could not raise the level of struggles . On 19 May 2003 a part of the party merged with the Maoist Communist Centre of India . It had to withdraw its pro-Lin Piao stand for the merger to go through . The Basic Standpoints of CPI -LRB- M-L -RRB- 2nd CC are as follows : -LRB- 1 -RRB- It believes that it is the only genuine heir of the undivided CPI -LRB- M-L -RRB- that was formed on 22 April 1969 by Charu Majumdar and his comrades . -LRB- 2 -RRB- It takes Marxism-Leninism-Mao Tse-tung Thought and Charu Mazumdar 's Politics as its theoretical guideline . -LRB- 3 -RRB- It believes that this is the era of imperialism and proletarian revolution in which imperialism is heading for total collapse and socialism is advancing , despite temporary setbacks , to worldwide victory . -LRB- 4 -RRB- It maintains that India is a semi-feudal and semi-colonial country based on Neo-colonial nature of exploitation . -LRB- 5 -RRB- It rejects the parliamentary path for the whole of this strategic period and advocates the path of armed agrarian revolution by waging a successful People 's war -- encircling cities with villages as shown by Mao and Lin Piao . ", "The Azad Hind Dal was a branch of the Indian Independence League that was formed during World War II to take administrative control of the Indian territories to fall to the Indian National Army starting with the latter 's Imphal campaign . The branch was created by Subhas Chandra Bose to replace the Indian Civil Service in areas of British India , and is also thought to have been the nascent concept of a one-party political , bureaucractic and civil administrative system similar to that of the Soviet Union or the Fascist states of the time . During the brief period that Azad Hind was in possession of small Indian territories around Imphal and Kohima during the U Go offensive between April and May 1944 , parties of the Azad Hind Dal were sent along with the INA contingents to take administrative charge and rehabilitation of these areas . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Indian_National_Congress", "Madras_Mahajana_Sabha", "Indian_Federal_Democratic_Party", "Communist_Party_of_India_-LRB-Marxist–Leninist-RRB-_Second_Central_Committee", "Azad_Hind_Dal" ]

[ "The Indian National Congress -LRB- INC , often called Congress -RRB- is a broad-based political party in India . Founded in 1885 , the Congress led India to independence from Great Britain , and powerfully influenced other anti-colonial nationalist movements in the British Empire . After India 's independence in 1947 , the Congress formed the government at center in most instances , and also many regional state governments . The Congress is a secular , left-of-centre , party . Although it did not fare well in the last general elections in India in 2014 , it remains one of two major , nationwide , political parties in India , along with the right-wing , Hindu nationalist , Bhartiya Janata Party -LRB- BJP -RRB- . The Congress was the first modern nationalist movement to emerge in the British Empire in Asia and Africa . It was founded in Bombay in late December 1885 , during the British Raj in India . Its principal founders were , Allan Octavian Hume -LRB- a former administrator of Etawah district , North-Western Provinces , and pioneering ornithologist of India -RRB- , as well as William Wedderburn , Pherozeshah Mehta , Dadabhai Naoroji , Dinshaw Wacha , and others . From the late 19th-century , and especially after 1920 , under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi , Congress became the principal leader of the Indian independence movement , with over 15 million members and over 70 million participants . After independence in 1947 , Congress became India 's dominant political party ; , in the 15 general elections since independence , it has won an outright majority on six occasions and has led the ruling coalition a further four times , heading the central government for 49 years . There have been seven Congress Prime Ministers , the first being Jawaharlal Nehru -LRB- 1947 -- 64 -RRB- , and the most recent Manmohan Singh -LRB- 2004 -- 14 -RRB- . The party 's social liberal platform is generally considered to be on the centre-left of Indian politics . From 2004 to 2014 , the Congress-led United Progressive Alliance , a coalition of several regional parties , formed the Indian government and was headed by Prime Minister Manmohan Singh . As of March 2017 , the party is in power in five states : Punjab , Himachal Pradesh , Karnataka , Meghalaya and Mizoram . In Bihar , it is a part of the ruling coalition . The Congress has previously directly ruled Andhra Pradesh , Tamil Nadu , Gujarat , Madhya Pradesh , Rajasthan , Uttar Pradesh and Goa . In the 2014 general election , the Congress had its poorest post-independence general election performance , winning only 44 seats of the 543-member house . The Congress ' social policy is based upon the Gandhian principle of Sarvodaya -- the lifting up of all sections of society -- which involves the improvement of the lives of economically underprivileged and socially marginalised people . The party primarily endorses social liberalism -- seeking to balance individual liberty and social justice , and secularism -- asserting the right to be free from religious rule and teachings . ", "Madras Mahajana Sabha was an Indian nationalist organisation based in the Madras Presidency . Along with the Poona Sarvajanik Sabha , Bombay Presidency Association and the Indian Association , it is considered to be a predecessor of the Indian National Congress . ", "The Indian Federal Democratic Party was a political party in India . In the 2004 Lok Sabha elections IFDP won one seat from KeralaP.C . THOMAS Defeating Jose K Mani of Kerala Congress -LRB- M -RRB- . That was the first parliamentary electoral victory of a National Democratic Alliance member in the state . Later , IFDP merged with the Kerala Congress -LRB- J -RRB- . A breakaway faction of IFDP led by M.P. George is still existing in Kerala . This faction may merge with the proposed United Kerala Congress . Category : Defunct political parties in India Category : Political parties with year of establishment missing Category : Political parties with year of disestablishment missing Category : Political parties in India ", "The Communist Party of India -LRB- Marxist-Leninist -RRB- Second Central Committee -LSB- CPI -LRB- M-L -RRB- 2nd CC -RSB- is a political party in India . It emerged in 1973 when the pro-Charu Majumdar faction of the original CPI -LRB- M-L -RRB- got divided into pro and anti-Lin Piao groups . The CPI -LRB- M-L -RRB- 2nd CC represents the pro-Lin Piao stream . At present , the party is active in states like Bihar , Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal . The undivided CPI -LRB- M-L -RRB- , the mother organization of CPI -LRB- M-L -RRB- 2nd CC , was formed in 1969 by the All India Coordination Committee of Communist Revolutionaries , which had actually split from the Communist Party of India -LRB- Marxist -RRB- in 1967 after a protracted course of inner-party struggle against revisionist and neo-revisionist deviations . The CPI -LRB- M-L -RRB- , led by radical Communist leaders like Charu Majumdar , Saroj Dutta , Jagjit Singh Sohal and others , advocated armed struggle against parliamentary elections . They categorised India as a semi-feudal , semi-colonial state led by the comprador bourgeoisie and the feudal class under the dictates of imperialism and social-imperialism . From 1969 to 1972 , the party fought the Indian state tirelessly by taking to the path of ` Protracted People 's War ' of Mao Tse-tung and built up the struggles of Srikakulam , Kheri-Lakhimpur , Mushahari , Debra-Gopiballabhpur etc. . In 1970 it organised its First Party Congress in Calcutta , West Bengal . The CPI -LRB- M-L -RRB- , however , could not continue with the struggle it had launched against the state and its alleged agents . After its general secretary 's -LRB- Charu Majumdar -RRB- death on 28 July 1972 at Lal Bazar Police Custody in Calcutta , it got divided into different factions , one of which was pro-Charu Majumdar by nature . In 1973 , after the 10th Congress of the Chinese Communist Party , the pro-Charu Majumdar CPI -LRB- M-L -RRB- became further divided into two groups , namely pro and anti-Lin Piao factions . Mahadev Mukherjee was the leader of the pro-Lin Piao group . The pro-Lin Piao faction organized its ` Second Party Congress ' in December 1973 at Kamalpur , a Naxalite bastion in Hooghly-Burdwan district frontier . The Congress reaffirmed the programme of the undivided CPI -LRB- M-L -RRB- , adopted at the first party congress in 1970 , and paid red salutes to Lin Piao and Charu Majumdar . As soon as the Congress was over , the party launched a wave of weapon snatches , attacks on police , prison escapes and annihilation campaigns . By 1973-74 10 policemen in West Bengal were killed by the party and there were 39 incidents of gun snatching . But when the state machinery came down on the revolutionaries heavily , the party had to face a serious setback . Most of the leaders were either incarcerated or killed . The reorganisation process , therefore , began after August 1977 when the detainees were released . In September 1978 , as a result of the annihilation of a landowner at Manihari in Katihar district of Bihar , the Central Committee got divided between Mahadev Mukherjee and his supporters on the one hand and the hardliner section of the party led by Azizul Haque and Nishit Bhattacharya on the other . After Mahadev Mukherjee 's expulsion Haque and Bhattacharya assumed leadership and reorganised the party . They named it CPI -LRB- M-L -RRB- 2nd CC as a continuation of the Central Committee that was elected in the Second Party Congress -LRB- Kamalpur -RRB- in 1973 . During Haque and Bhattacharya 's tenure , that is between 1978 and 1982 , CPI -LRB- M-L -RRB- 2nd CC formed a provisional revolutionary government in the rural areas of North and South Bengal and in the struggle zones of Bihar . The 2nd CC leadership installed a number of revolutionary committees in these areas and built up the embryo of proletarian dictatorship under the guidance of the People 's Liberation Army . Later , however , after a series of clashes with the state , both Haque and Bhattacharya were arrested . They were subsequently expelled from the party due to Haque signing a cease fire deal with the government of West Bengal . After their expulsion 2nd CC gradually became a dying force . Despite a number of efforts , the new leadership could not raise the level of struggles . On 19 May 2003 a part of the party merged with the Maoist Communist Centre of India . It had to withdraw its pro-Lin Piao stand for the merger to go through . The Basic Standpoints of CPI -LRB- M-L -RRB- 2nd CC are as follows : -LRB- 1 -RRB- It believes that it is the only genuine heir of the undivided CPI -LRB- M-L -RRB- that was formed on 22 April 1969 by Charu Majumdar and his comrades . -LRB- 2 -RRB- It takes Marxism-Leninism-Mao Tse-tung Thought and Charu Mazumdar 's Politics as its theoretical guideline . -LRB- 3 -RRB- It believes that this is the era of imperialism and proletarian revolution in which imperialism is heading for total collapse and socialism is advancing , despite temporary setbacks , to worldwide victory . -LRB- 4 -RRB- It maintains that India is a semi-feudal and semi-colonial country based on Neo-colonial nature of exploitation . -LRB- 5 -RRB- It rejects the parliamentary path for the whole of this strategic period and advocates the path of armed agrarian revolution by waging a successful People 's war -- encircling cities with villages as shown by Mao and Lin Piao . ", "The Azad Hind Dal was a branch of the Indian Independence League that was formed during World War II to take administrative control of the Indian territories to fall to the Indian National Army starting with the latter 's Imphal campaign . The branch was created by Subhas Chandra Bose to replace the Indian Civil Service in areas of British India , and is also thought to have been the nascent concept of a one-party political , bureaucractic and civil administrative system similar to that of the Soviet Union or the Fascist states of the time . During the brief period that Azad Hind was in possession of small Indian territories around Imphal and Kohima during the U Go offensive between April and May 1944 , parties of the Azad Hind Dal were sent along with the INA contingents to take administrative charge and rehabilitation of these areas . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Sensitive_Skin_-LRB-UK_TV_series-RRB-", "Rich_-LRB-Skins_series_5-RRB-", "Skins_-LRB-UK_TV_series-RRB-", "The_Skin_I'm_In_-LRB-film-RRB-", "If_Tomorrow_Never_Comes_-LRB-Grey's_Anatomy-RRB-" ]

[ "Sensitive Skin is a BBC television comedy-drama series , produced by Baby Cow Productions for BBC Two . It stars Joanna Lumley and was first broadcast in 2005 , with a second series following in 2007 . Series 1 and 2 have aired on CBC Country Canada . Series 1 aired in Australia on ABC TV in mid-2007 -LRB- repeated 2009 -RRB- . On 16 April 2008 , BBC Video announced a DVD release . Sensitive Skin - The Complete Seasons 1 and 2 -- a 2-disc set including all 12 original episodes from the First and Second Seasons -- would be released on 5 August 2008 . ", "Rich is the second episode of the fifth series of the British teen drama Skins . It first aired on E4 in the UK on 3 February 2011 . The episode focuses on the character Rich Hardbeck -LRB- Alex Arnold -RRB- as he attempts to find a girlfriend , with the help of his friend Grace Blood -LRB- Jessica Sula -RRB- . ", "Skins is a British teen drama that follows the lives of a group of teenagers in Bristol , South West England , through the two years of sixth form . Its controversial story-lines have explored issues such as dysfunctional families , mental illness -LRB- such as depression , eating disorders and bipolar disorder -RRB- , adolescent sexuality , gender , substance abuse , death and bullying . Each episode generally focuses on a particular character and the struggles they face in their life . The episodes are named after the featured character . The show was created by father-and-son television writers Bryan Elsley and Jamie Brittain for Company Pictures , and premiered on E4 on 25 January 2007 . The show went on to be a critical success as well as a ratings winner within its target demographic . Over its initial six-year run , Skins proved to be atypical of ongoing drama series in that it replaced its primary cast every two years . Plans for a film spin-off were first discussed in 2009 , but ultimately did not come to fruition . Instead , a specially-commissioned seventh and final series of the show was broadcast in 2013 , featuring some of the cast from its 2007 -- 10 run . The show 's name comes from the cigarette rolling papers known as `` skins '' . Other ventures to expand the brand have included a short-lived North American remake , which aired on MTV in 2011 but was cancelled after one season after advertisers abandoned the series in response to low ratings and the significant controversy which arose over its depiction of teen sexuality . ", "The Skin I 'm In is a 2012 autobiographical documentary film that was produced , directed , shot , and edited by American filmmaker , scholar , and professor Broderick Fox . The film had its world premiere at the 2012 Byron Bay Film Festival and had its United States premiere at the Arizona International Film Festival , where it was awarded a Special Jury Award for Best Personal Filmmaking . The Skin I 'm In will be released for stream and download on October 1 , 2013 through The Orchard . ", "`` If Tomorrow Never Comes '' is the sixth episode of the first season of the American television medical drama Grey 's Anatomy , which first aired on American Broadcasting Company -LRB- ABC -RRB- on Sunday May 1 , 2005 . The episode was written by Krista Vernoff and was directed by Scott Brazil . " ]

[ 2, 0, 1, 0, 0 ]

[ "Gamal_Abdel_Nasser", "Jamal_Abdel_Nasser_Street", "Nasser_al-Rashed", "TT31", "Amenmose_-LRB-noble-RRB-" ]

[ "Gamal Abdel Nasser Hussein -LRB- جمال عبد الناصر حسين , -LSB- ɡæˈmæːl ʕæbdenˈnɑːsˤeɾ ħeˈseːn -RSB- ; 15 January 1918 -- 28 September 1970 -RRB- was the second President of Egypt , serving from 1956 until his death . Nasser led the 1952 overthrow of the monarchy and introduced far-reaching land reforms the following year . Following a 1954 attempt on his life by a Muslim Brotherhood member , he cracked down on the organization , put President Muhammad Naguib under house arrest , and assumed executive office , officially becoming president in June 1956 . Nasser 's popularity in Egypt and the Arab world skyrocketed after his nationalization of the Suez Canal and his political victory in the subsequent Suez Crisis . Calls for pan-Arab unity under his leadership increased , culminating with the formation of the United Arab Republic with Syria -LRB- 1958 -- 1961 -RRB- . In 1962 , Nasser began a series of major socialist measures and modernization reforms in Egypt . Despite setbacks to his pan-Arabist cause , by 1963 Nasser 's supporters gained power in several Arab countries , but he became embroiled in the North Yemen Civil War . He began his second presidential term in March 1965 after his political opponents were banned from running . Following Egypt 's defeat by Israel in the 1967 Six-Day War , Nasser resigned , but he returned to office after popular demonstrations called for his reinstatement . By 1968 , Nasser had appointed himself prime minister , launched the War of Attrition to regain lost territory , began a process of depoliticizing the military , and issued a set of political liberalization reforms . After the conclusion of the 1970 Arab League summit , Nasser suffered a heart attack and died . His funeral in Cairo drew five million mourners and an outpouring of grief across the Arab world . Nasser remains an iconic figure in the Arab world , particularly for his strides towards social justice and Arab unity , modernization policies , and anti-imperialist efforts . His presidency also encouraged and coincided with an Egyptian cultural boom , and launched large industrial projects , including the Aswan Dam and Helwan City . Nasser 's detractors criticize his authoritarianism , corruption , incompetence , and human rights violations , his propagandistic manipulation of the populace , and his dominance of military over civil institutions , establishing a pattern of military and dictatorial rule in Egypt . ", "Jamal Abdel Nasser Street -LRB- also spelled Gamal Abdel Nasser Street and alternatively known as Thalatheny Street -RRB- is a major street in Gaza that originates in the Old City where it branches off Ni'im al-Din al-Arabi Street and runs north into Rimal where it connects to Ahmed Orabi Street , the main coastal highway . It runs parallel to Omar Mukhtar Street . The street was named after the late President of Egypt and pan-Arabist leader Gamal Abdel Nasser . The unofficial , but common local name is Thalatheny Street , which is named after the Thalatheny clan who have historically lived in that area . Major buildings located along Jamal Abdel Nasser Street include the Gaza headquarters of the United Nations Relief and Works Agency -LRB- UNRWA -RRB- , the al-Azhar University and the Islamic University of Gaza . ", "Nasser al-Rashed -LRB- 22 July 1992 -- May 15 , 2013 -RRB- was a Kuwaiti squash player . He was a several-time national champion . He died of a heart attack on May 15 , 2013 , at the age of 20 . ", "The Theban Tomb TT31 is located in Sheikh Abd el-Qurna , part of the Theban Necropolis , on the west bank of the Nile , opposite to Luxor . It is the burial place of the Ancient Egyptian official , Khonsu who was First Prophet of Menkheperre -LRB- Thutmose III -RRB- , during the 19th Dynasty or 20th Dynasty . ", "The Ancient Egyptian noble Amenmose lived in Thebes during the reigns of Amenhotep II . He was buried in a tomb in Sheikh Abd el-Qurna , part of the Theban Necropolis . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Castlevania", "Castlevania_-LRB-1986_video_game-RRB-", "Inuyasha", "Fate/stay_night", "Air_Fortress" ]

[ "Castlevania , also known in Japanese as , is a series of dark fantasy-themed action-adventure video games created and developed by Konami , centered on the Belmont family , a clan of vampire hunters , and their fight with Dracula . The series debuted in Japan on September 26 , 1986 , with the release for the Family Computer Disk System -LRB- FDS -RRB- , followed by an alternate version for the MSX2 platform on October 30 . Although the MSX 2 port -LRB- localized in Europe and Brazil as Vampire Killer -RRB- was released first outside Japan , the series did not receive wide attention outside Japan until the FCD version was ported to cartridge format for the Nintendo Entertainment System and localized for North American and European releases of Castlevania in 1987 and 1988 , respectively . The earliest games were side scrolling platform games . Castlevania : Symphony of the Night marked a change in the series which focused more on exploration than straight forward platforming . Along with Super Metroid , it popularized the metroidvania genre . The first two 3D titles in the series were on the N64 in 1999 . The Metroidvania style game was continued in six titles for the Gameboy Advance and Nintendo DS from 2001 to 2008 . 2003 and 2005 saw the release of Lament of Innocence and Curse of Darkness , two 3D action games for the Playstation 2 . In 2010 saw the release of Castlevania : Lords of Shadow , a reboot of the series featuring 3D action and developed not in Japan , but by Spanish devs . The sequel in 2014 remains the last official Castlevania title . The Castlevania titles have been released on various platforms , from early systems including the Nintendo Entertainment System to modern consoles . It has also been released for Pocket PCs , emulators and mobile phones . ", "Castlevania , known in Japan as , is an action-platformer video game developed and published by Konami for the Family Computer Disk System video game console in Japan in September 1986 . It was ported to cartridge format and released in North America for the Nintendo Entertainment System -LRB- NES -RRB- in May 1987 followed by a European release in 1988 . The game takes place in the year 1691 where players control Simon Belmont who is tasked with defeating the vampire Dracula . It was re-released for the Family Computer -LRB- FC -RRB- in cartridge format in 1993 . It is the first game in Konami 's Castlevania video game series ; it was followed by two more NES games titled Castlevania II : Simon 's Quest -LRB- released for the NES in 1988 -RRB- and Castlevania III : Dracula 's Curse -LRB- 1989 -RRB- . A fourth game , retelling the events of the original , was released for the Super NES and titled Super Castlevania IV . Castlevania was positively received and financially successful . It is considered an NES classic by PC World , while Nintendo Power and Game Informer ranked it in their best video games list -LRB- at 22 and 48 respectively -RRB- . IGN ranked it 19 among their favourite NES games . ", ", also known as , is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Rumiko Takahashi . It premiered in Weekly Shōnen Sunday on November 13 , 1996 and concluded on June 18 , 2008 , with the chapters collected into 56 tankōbon volumes by Shogakukan . The series follows Kagome Higurashi , a 15-year-old girl from Tokyo who is transported to the Sengoku period after falling into a well in her family shrine , where she meets the half-demon dog Inuyasha . When a monster from that era tries to take the magical Shikon Jewel embodied in Kagome , she accidentally shatters the Jewel into many pieces that are dispersed across Japan . Inuyasha and Kagome start traveling to recover it before the powerful demon Naraku finds all the shards . Inuyasha and Kagome gain several allies during their journey , including Shippo , Miroku , Sango and Kirara . In contrast to the typically comedic nature of much of Takahashi 's previous work , Inuyasha deals with darker subject matter , using the setting of the Sengoku period to easily display the violent content . It was adapted into two anime television series produced by Sunrise . The first was broadcast for 167 episodes on Yomiuri TV and Nippon TV in Japan from October 16 , 2000 until September 13 , 2004 . The second series , called Inuyasha : The Final Act , began airing five years later on October 3 , 2009 to cover the rest of the manga series and ended on March 29 , 2010 after 26 episodes . Four feature films and an original video animation have also been released . Other merchandise include video games and a light novel . Viz Media licensed the manga , the two anime series , and movies for North America . Both Inuyasha and Inuyasha : The Final Act aired in the United States on Adult Swim -LRB- and later on its revived Toonami block -RRB- from 2002 until 2015 . ", "is a Japanese visual novel developed by Type-Moon , which was originally released as an adult game for Windows . A version of Fate/stay night rated for ages 15 and up titled Fate/stay night Réalta Nua -LRB- Irish for `` new stars '' -RRB- , which features the Japanese voice actors from the anime series , was released for the PlayStation 2 and later for download on Windows as a trilogy covering the three main story lines . Réalta Nua is also ported to the PlayStation Vita . On October 28 , 2005 , Type-Moon released a sequel to Fate/stay night , titled Fate/hollow ataraxia . Its plot is set half a year after the events of Fate/stay night . A manga series adaptation by Datto Nishiwaki was serialized in Kadokawa Shoten 's Shōnen Ace magazine between the February 2006 and December 2012 issues . In 2007 , the manga was licensed for an English-language release in North America by Tokyopop . A 24-episode anime series created by Studio Deen aired in Japan between January and June 2006 . Sentai Filmworks has licensed the television series and re-released the series on DVD and for the first time on Blu-ray Disc . A film adaptation by Studio Deen was released in Japanese theaters on January 23 , 2010 . A second anime television series , Fate/stay night : Unlimited Blade Works , was produced by Ufotable and aired between October 2014 and June 2015 . Three consecutive films have also been announced which adapt the Heaven 's Feel route of the visual novel . A series of light novels titled Fate/Zero , set as a prequel to Fate/stay night , were produced from 2006 to 2007 , with an anime adaptation by Ufotable airing between October 2011 and June 2012 . A spin-off magical girl manga series , Fate/kaleid liner Prisma Illya , began serialization in 2012 and has received multiple anime television series . Three fighting games have been released : Fate/unlimited codes for arcades and PlayStation 2 , Fate/tiger colosseum and its sequel Fate/tiger colosseum Upper for PSP . A PSP RPG titled Fate/Extra was released on July 22 , 2010 , and a sequel and companion game , Fate/Extra CCC , was released on March 28 , 2013 . An online RPG titled Fate/Grand Order was released on Android on July 29 , 2015 , followed by an August 12 release on iOS ; an anime film adaptation by Lay-duce was released on December 31 , 2016 . ", "is a video game published in Japan for the Famicom in 1987 , in North America for the Nintendo Entertainment System in September 1989 after an initial test release of 385 copies in 1987 , and a PAL release exclusively in Australia in 1989 . " ]

[ 2, 2, 1, 1, 0 ]

[ "Castlevania", "Castlevania_-LRB-1986_video_game-RRB-", "Inuyasha", "Fate/stay_night", "Air_Fortress" ]

[ "Castlevania , also known in Japanese as , is a series of dark fantasy-themed action-adventure video games created and developed by Konami , centered on the Belmont family , a clan of vampire hunters , and their fight with Dracula . The series debuted in Japan on September 26 , 1986 , with the release for the Family Computer Disk System -LRB- FDS -RRB- , followed by an alternate version for the MSX2 platform on October 30 . Although the MSX 2 port -LRB- localized in Europe and Brazil as Vampire Killer -RRB- was released first outside Japan , the series did not receive wide attention outside Japan until the FCD version was ported to cartridge format for the Nintendo Entertainment System and localized for North American and European releases of Castlevania in 1987 and 1988 , respectively . The earliest games were side scrolling platform games . Castlevania : Symphony of the Night marked a change in the series which focused more on exploration than straight forward platforming . Along with Super Metroid , it popularized the metroidvania genre . The first two 3D titles in the series were on the N64 in 1999 . The Metroidvania style game was continued in six titles for the Gameboy Advance and Nintendo DS from 2001 to 2008 . 2003 and 2005 saw the release of Lament of Innocence and Curse of Darkness , two 3D action games for the Playstation 2 . In 2010 saw the release of Castlevania : Lords of Shadow , a reboot of the series featuring 3D action and developed not in Japan , but by Spanish devs . The sequel in 2014 remains the last official Castlevania title . The Castlevania titles have been released on various platforms , from early systems including the Nintendo Entertainment System to modern consoles . It has also been released for Pocket PCs , emulators and mobile phones . ", "Castlevania , known in Japan as , is an action-platformer video game developed and published by Konami for the Family Computer Disk System video game console in Japan in September 1986 . It was ported to cartridge format and released in North America for the Nintendo Entertainment System -LRB- NES -RRB- in May 1987 followed by a European release in 1988 . The game takes place in the year 1691 where players control Simon Belmont who is tasked with defeating the vampire Dracula . It was re-released for the Family Computer -LRB- FC -RRB- in cartridge format in 1993 . It is the first game in Konami 's Castlevania video game series ; it was followed by two more NES games titled Castlevania II : Simon 's Quest -LRB- released for the NES in 1988 -RRB- and Castlevania III : Dracula 's Curse -LRB- 1989 -RRB- . A fourth game , retelling the events of the original , was released for the Super NES and titled Super Castlevania IV . Castlevania was positively received and financially successful . It is considered an NES classic by PC World , while Nintendo Power and Game Informer ranked it in their best video games list -LRB- at 22 and 48 respectively -RRB- . IGN ranked it 19 among their favourite NES games . ", ", also known as , is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Rumiko Takahashi . It premiered in Weekly Shōnen Sunday on November 13 , 1996 and concluded on June 18 , 2008 , with the chapters collected into 56 tankōbon volumes by Shogakukan . The series follows Kagome Higurashi , a 15-year-old girl from Tokyo who is transported to the Sengoku period after falling into a well in her family shrine , where she meets the half-demon dog Inuyasha . When a monster from that era tries to take the magical Shikon Jewel embodied in Kagome , she accidentally shatters the Jewel into many pieces that are dispersed across Japan . Inuyasha and Kagome start traveling to recover it before the powerful demon Naraku finds all the shards . Inuyasha and Kagome gain several allies during their journey , including Shippo , Miroku , Sango and Kirara . In contrast to the typically comedic nature of much of Takahashi 's previous work , Inuyasha deals with darker subject matter , using the setting of the Sengoku period to easily display the violent content . It was adapted into two anime television series produced by Sunrise . The first was broadcast for 167 episodes on Yomiuri TV and Nippon TV in Japan from October 16 , 2000 until September 13 , 2004 . The second series , called Inuyasha : The Final Act , began airing five years later on October 3 , 2009 to cover the rest of the manga series and ended on March 29 , 2010 after 26 episodes . Four feature films and an original video animation have also been released . Other merchandise include video games and a light novel . Viz Media licensed the manga , the two anime series , and movies for North America . Both Inuyasha and Inuyasha : The Final Act aired in the United States on Adult Swim -LRB- and later on its revived Toonami block -RRB- from 2002 until 2015 . ", "is a Japanese visual novel developed by Type-Moon , which was originally released as an adult game for Windows . A version of Fate/stay night rated for ages 15 and up titled Fate/stay night Réalta Nua -LRB- Irish for `` new stars '' -RRB- , which features the Japanese voice actors from the anime series , was released for the PlayStation 2 and later for download on Windows as a trilogy covering the three main story lines . Réalta Nua is also ported to the PlayStation Vita . On October 28 , 2005 , Type-Moon released a sequel to Fate/stay night , titled Fate/hollow ataraxia . Its plot is set half a year after the events of Fate/stay night . A manga series adaptation by Datto Nishiwaki was serialized in Kadokawa Shoten 's Shōnen Ace magazine between the February 2006 and December 2012 issues . In 2007 , the manga was licensed for an English-language release in North America by Tokyopop . A 24-episode anime series created by Studio Deen aired in Japan between January and June 2006 . Sentai Filmworks has licensed the television series and re-released the series on DVD and for the first time on Blu-ray Disc . A film adaptation by Studio Deen was released in Japanese theaters on January 23 , 2010 . A second anime television series , Fate/stay night : Unlimited Blade Works , was produced by Ufotable and aired between October 2014 and June 2015 . Three consecutive films have also been announced which adapt the Heaven 's Feel route of the visual novel . A series of light novels titled Fate/Zero , set as a prequel to Fate/stay night , were produced from 2006 to 2007 , with an anime adaptation by Ufotable airing between October 2011 and June 2012 . A spin-off magical girl manga series , Fate/kaleid liner Prisma Illya , began serialization in 2012 and has received multiple anime television series . Three fighting games have been released : Fate/unlimited codes for arcades and PlayStation 2 , Fate/tiger colosseum and its sequel Fate/tiger colosseum Upper for PSP . A PSP RPG titled Fate/Extra was released on July 22 , 2010 , and a sequel and companion game , Fate/Extra CCC , was released on March 28 , 2013 . An online RPG titled Fate/Grand Order was released on Android on July 29 , 2015 , followed by an August 12 release on iOS ; an anime film adaptation by Lay-duce was released on December 31 , 2016 . ", "is a video game published in Japan for the Famicom in 1987 , in North America for the Nintendo Entertainment System in September 1989 after an initial test release of 385 copies in 1987 , and a PAL release exclusively in Australia in 1989 . " ]

[ 2, 2, 1, 1, 0 ]

[ "Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry", "List_of_Nobel_Peace_Prize_laureates", "Niels_Bohr_International_Gold_Medal", "Louisa_Gross_Horwitz_Prize", "Rumford_Prize" ]

[ "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry -LRB- Nobelpriset i kemi -RRB- is awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to scientists in the various fields of chemistry . It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895 , awarded for outstanding contributions in chemistry , physics , literature , peace , and physiology or medicine . This award is administered by the Nobel Foundation and awarded by Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences on proposal of the Nobel Committee for Chemistry which consists of five members elected by Academy . The award is presented in Stockholm at an annual ceremony on December 10 , the anniversary of Nobel 's death . The first Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded in 1901 to Jacobus Henricus van ' t Hoff , of the Netherlands , `` for his discovery of the laws of chemical dynamics and osmotic pressure in solutions . '' From 1901 to 2016 , the award has been bestowed on a total of 174 individuals , of which four have been women . ", "The Norwegian Nobel Committee each year awards the Nobel Peace Prize -LRB- Norwegian and Nobels fredspris -RRB- `` to the person who shall have done the most or the best work for fraternity between nations , for the abolition or reduction of standing armies and for the holding and promotion of peace congresses . '' ", "The Niels Bohr International Gold Medal is an international engineering award . It has been awarded since 1955 for `` outstanding work by an engineer or physicist for the peaceful utilization of atomic energy '' . The medal is administered by the Danish Society of Engineers -LRB- Denmark -RRB- in collaboration with the Niels Bohr Institute and the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences . It was awarded 10 times between 1955 and 1982 and again in 2013 . The first recipient was Niels Bohr himself who received the medal in connection with his 70th birthday . ", "The Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize for Biology or Biochemistry is an annual prize awarded by Columbia University to a researcher or group of researchers who have made an outstanding contribution in basic research in the fields of biology or biochemistry . The prize was established at the bequest of S. Gross Horwitz and is named to honor his mother . The prize was first awarded in 1967 . As of October 2014 , 47 -LRB- 49 % -RRB- of the 95 prize recipients have subsequently been awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine -LRB- 36 -RRB- or Chemistry -LRB- 11 -RRB- . It is regarded as one of the important precursors of a future Nobel Prize award . ", "Founded in 1796 , the Rumford Prize , awarded by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences , is one of the oldest scientific prizes in the United States . The prize recognizes contributions by scientists to the fields of heat and light . These terms are widely interpreted ; awards range from discoveries in thermodynamics to improvements in the construction of steam boilers . The award was created through the endowment of US$ 5,000 to the Academy by Benjamin Thompson , who held the title `` Count Rumford of the United Kingdom '' , in 1796 . The terms state that the award be given to `` authors of discoverie 's in any part of the Continent of America , or in any of the American islands '' . Although it was founded in 1796 , the first prize was not given until 1839 , as the academy could not find anyone who , in their judgement , deserved the award . The academy found the terms of the prize to be too restrictive , and in 1832 the Supreme Court of Massachusetts allowed the Academy to change some of the provisions ; mainly , the award was to be given annually instead of biennially , and the Academy was allowed to award the prize as it saw fit , whereas before it had to give it yearly . The first award was given to Robert Hare , for his invention of the oxy-hydrogen blowpipe , in 1839 . Twenty-three years elapsed before the award was given a second time , to John Ericsson . The prize is awarded whenever the academy recognizes a significant achievement in either of the two fields . It has been given 62 times to 79 individuals , and once to a tri-group committee of 21 people . Awardees receive a gold-and-silver medal . Previous prizewinners include Thomas Alva Edison , for his investigations in electric lighting ; Enrico Fermi , for his studies of radiation theory and nuclear energy ; and Charles H. Townes , for his development of the laser . One man , Samuel Pierpont Langley , has won both the Rumford Prize and the related Rumford Medal -LRB- the European equivalent of the Rumford Prize -RRB- , both in 1886 . Because the prize is awarded by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences , all of the recipients are American , except for one , John Stanley Plaskett , who is from British Columbia . The most recent award was given in 2008 to Sidney D. Drell , Sam Nunn , William J. Perry , and George P. Shultz `` for their efforts to reduce the global threat of nuclear weapons '' . " ]

[ 2, 0, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Locations_of_Kenya", "Kenya", "East_Africa", "Tanzania", "Joshua_Oigara" ]

[ "Locations are a type of administrative region in Kenya . Locations are a third level subdivision below counties and sub-counties . Locations are further subdivided into sub-locations . At the 1999 census there were 2,427 locations and 6,612 sublocations in Kenya . Each division in Kenya is divided into some locations . Locations often , but not necessarily , coincide with electoral wards . Locations are usually named after their central village or town . Many larger towns consist of several locations . Each location has a chief , appointed by the state . ", "Kenya -LRB- -LSB- ˈkɛnjə -RSB- -LSB- ˈkɛɲa -RSB- -RRB- , officially the Republic of Kenya , is a country in Africa and a founding member of the East African Community -LRB- EAC -RRB- . Its capital and largest city is Nairobi . Kenya 's territory lies on the equator and overlies the East African Rift covering a diverse and expansive terrain that extends roughly from Lake Victoria to Lake Turkana -LRB- formerly called Lake Rudolf -RRB- and further south-east to the Indian Ocean . It is bordered by Tanzania to the south and southwest , Uganda to the west , South Sudan to the north-west , Ethiopia to the north and Somalia to the north-east . Kenya covers 581309 km2 , and had a population of approximately 48 million people in January 2017 . Kenya has a warm and humid tropical climate on its Indian Ocean coastline . The climate is cooler in the savannah grasslands around the capital city , Nairobi , and especially closer to Mount Kenya , which has snow permanently on its peaks . Further inland are highlands in Central and Rift Valley regions where tea and coffee are grown as cash crops which are major foreign revenue earners . In the West are Nyanza and Western regions , there is an equatorial , hot and dry climate which becomes humid around Lake Victoria , the largest tropical fresh-water lake in the world . This gives way to temperate and forested hilly areas in the neighbouring western region . The north-eastern regions along the border with Somalia and Ethiopia are arid and semi-arid areas with near-desert landscapes . Kenya is known for its world class athletes in track and field and rugby . Thanks to its diverse climate and geography , expansive wildlife reserves and national parks such as the East and West Tsavo National Park , Amboseli National Park , Maasai Mara , Lake Nakuru National Park , Aberdares National Park and white sand beaches at the Coastal region , Kenya is home to the modern safari and has several world heritage sites such as Lamu and numerous beaches , including in Diani , Bamburi and Kilifi , where international yachting competitions are held every year . The African Great Lakes region , which Kenya is a part of , has been inhabited by humans since the Lower Paleolithic period . By the first millennium AD , the Bantu expansion had reached the area from West-Central Africa . The borders of the modern state consequently comprise the crossroads of the Niger-Congo , Nilo-Saharan and Afroasiatic areas of the continent , representing most major ethnolinguistic groups found in Africa . Bantu and Nilotic populations together constitute around 97 % of the nation 's residents . European and Arab presence in coastal Mombasa dates to the Early Modern period ; European exploration of the interior began in the 19th century . The British Empire established the East Africa Protectorate in 1895 , which starting in 1920 gave way to the Kenya Colony . Kenya obtained independence in December 1963 . Following a referendum in August 2010 and adoption of a new constitution , Kenya is now divided into 47 semi-autonomous counties , governed by elected governors . The capital , Nairobi , is a regional commercial hub . The economy of Kenya is the largest by GDP in East and Central Africa . Agriculture is a major employer ; the country traditionally exports tea and coffee and has more recently begun to export fresh flowers to Europe . The service industry is also a major economic driver . Additionally , Kenya is a member of the East African Community trading bloc . ", "East Africa or Eastern Africa is the easterly region of the African continent , variably defined by geography or geopolitics . In the United Nations Statistics Division scheme of geographic regions , 20 territories constitute Eastern Africa : Tanzania , Kenya , Uganda , Rwanda , Burundi and South Sudan -- in Central East Africa , are members of the East African Community -LRB- EAC -RRB- . The first five are also included in the African Great Lakes region . Burundi and Rwanda are sometimes also considered to be part of Central Africa . Djibouti , Eritrea , Ethiopia and Somalia -- collectively known as the Horn of Africa . Comoros , Mauritius and Seychelles -- small island nations in the Indian Ocean . Réunion and Mayotte -- French overseas territories also in the Indian Ocean . Mozambique and Madagascar -- often considered part of Southern Africa , on the eastern side of the sub-continent . Madagascar has close cultural ties to Southeast Asia and the islands of the Indian Ocean . Malawi , Zambia and Zimbabwe -- often also included in Southern Africa , and formerly constituted the Central African Federation -LRB- also known historically as the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland -RRB- . Egypt , Sudan and South Sudan -LRB- newly independent from Sudan -RRB- -- collectively part of the Nile Valley . Situated in the northeastern portion of the continent , and Egypt and the Sudans are often included in Northern Africa . Also members of the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa -LRB- COMESA -RRB- free trade area . Due to colonial territories of the British East Africa Protectorate and German East Africa , the term East Africa is often -LRB- especially in the English language -RRB- used to specifically refer to the area now comprising the three countries of Kenya , Tanzania and Uganda . However , this has never been the convention in many other languages , where the term generally had a wider , strictly geographic context and therefore typically included Djibouti , Eritrea , Ethiopia , and Somalia . ", "Tanzania -LSB- ˌtænzəˈniːə -RSB- , officially the United Republic of Tanzania -LRB- Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania -RRB- , is a country in Eastern Africa within the African Great Lakes region . Parts of the country are in Southern Africa . It is bordered by Kenya and Uganda to the north ; Rwanda , Burundi , and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west ; Zambia , Malawi , and Mozambique to the south ; and by the Indian Ocean to the east . Mount Kilimanjaro , Africa 's highest mountain , is in northeastern Tanzania . Tanzania 's population of 51.82 million -LRB- 2014 -RRB- is diverse , composed of several ethnic , linguistic , and religious groups . Tanzania is a presidential constitutional republic , and since 1996 , its official capital city has been Dodoma , where the President 's Office , the National Assembly , and some government ministries are located . Dar es Salaam , the former capital , retains most government offices and is the country 's largest city , principal port , and leading commercial centre . Tanzania is a one party dominant state with the socialist-progressive Chama Cha Mapinduzi -LRB- CCM -RRB- party in power . From its formation until 1992 , it was the only legally permitted party in the country . This changed on 1 July 1992 , when amendments to the Constitution and a number of laws permitting and regulating the formation and operations of more than one political party were enacted by the National Assembly . Elections for president and all National Assembly seats were last held in October 2015 . The CCM holds approximately 75 % of the seats in the assembly . Prehistoric population migrations include Southern Cushitic speakers , who are ancestral to the Iraqw , Gorowa , and Burunge and who moved south from Ethiopia into Tanzania . Based on linguistic evidence , there may also have been two movements into Tanzania of Eastern Cushitic people at about 4,000 and 2,000 years ago , originating from north of Lake Turkana . Archaeological evidence supports the conclusion that Southern Nilotes , including the Datoog , moved south from the present-day South Sudan-Ethiopia border region into central northern Tanzania between 2,900 and 2,400 years ago . These movements took place at about the same time as the settlement of the iron-making Mashariki Bantu from West Africa in the Lake Victoria and Lake Tanganyika areas . They brought with them the west African planting tradition and the primary staple of yams . They subsequently migrated out of these regions across the rest of Tanzania , between 2,300 and 1,700 years ago . European colonialism began in mainland Tanzania during the late 19th century when Germany formed German East Africa , which gave way to British rule following World War I . The mainland was governed as Tanganyika , with the Zanzibar Archipelago remaining a separate colonial jurisdiction . Following their respective independence in 1961 and 1963 , the two entities merged in April 1964 to form the United Republic of Tanzania . Tanzania is mountainous and densely forested in the northeast , where Mount Kilimanjaro is located . Three of Africa 's Great Lakes are partly within Tanzania . To the north and west lie Lake Victoria , Africa 's largest lake , and Lake Tanganyika , the continent 's deepest lake , known for its unique species of fish . The eastern shore is hot and humid , with the Zanzibar Archipelago just offshore . The Kalambo water falls in the southwestern region of Rukwa are the second highest uninterrupted fall in Africa and are located near the southeastern shore of Lake Tanganyika on the border with Zambia . The Menai Bay Conservation Area is Zanzibar 's largest marine protected area . Over 100 different languages are spoken in Tanzania , making it the most linguistically diverse country in East Africa . Among the languages spoken in Tanzania are all four of Africa 's language families : Bantu , Cushitic , Nilotic , and Khoisan . Swahili and English are Tanzania 's official languages . A highly multilingual country , Swahili is used in parliamentary debate , in the lower courts , and as a medium of instruction in primary school ; and English is used in foreign trade , in diplomacy , in higher courts , and as a medium of instruction in secondary and higher education , although the Tanzanian government plans to discontinue English as a language of instruction altogether . In connection with his Ujamaa social policies , President Nyerere encouraged the use of Swahili ; as a means of unifying the country 's many ethnic groups . Approximately 10 % of Tanzanians speak Swahili as a first language , and up to 90 % speak it as a second language . Most Tanzanians thus speak both Swahili and a local language ; many educated Tanzanians are trilingual ; also speaking English . The widespread use and promotion of Swahili is contributing to the decline of smaller languages in the country . Young children increasingly speak Swahili as a first language , mostly in urban areas . Tanzania-Malawi relations have been tense because of a dispute over the countries ' Lake Nyasa -LRB- Lake Malawi -RRB- border . An unsuccessful mediation regarding this issue happened in March 2014 . The two countries agreed in 2013 to ask the International Court of Justice -LRB- ICJ -RRB- to resolve the dispute should mediation be unsuccessful . Malawi , but not Tanzania , has accepted the compulsory jurisdiction of the ICJ . ", "Joshua Nyamweya Oigara is the Group Chief Executive Officer of the Kenya Commercial Bank Group . At age 37 , his appointment in November 2012 to replace the outgoing CEO Martin Oduor-Otieno made him the youngest CEO of a publicly traded bank at the NSE . Prior to his appointment , he served as Chief Financial Officer and Member of the Board of Directors of the Company between January 12 , 2012 and January 2013 . He also served as Group Chief Financial Officer at KCB Bank Group for East Africa . He joined the Bank in November 2011 from Bamburi Cement where he served as Group Financial Director and Chief Financial Officer for the East Africa region . Oigara holds a Bachelor of Commerce degree from University of Nairobi and Master of Business Administration from Edith Cowan University and a host of other qualifications . " ]

[ 0, 2, 2, 2, 0 ]

[ "Guthrie_Theater", "Courtyard,_Hereford", "Pittsburgh_Civic_Light_Opera", "Oklahoma_Shakespeare_in_the_Park", "Imperial_Theatre,_Saint_John" ]

[ "The Guthrie Theater , founded in 1963 , is a center for theater performance , production , education , and professional training in Minneapolis , Minnesota . The concept of the theater was born in 1959 in a series of discussions between Sir Tyrone Guthrie , Oliver Rea and Peter Zeisler . Disenchanted with Broadway , they intended to form a theater with a resident acting company , to perform classic plays in rotating repertory , while maintaining the highest professional standards . The Guthrie Theater has performed in two main-stage facilities . The first building was designed by Ralph Rapson , included a 1,441-seat thrust stage designed by Tanya Moiseiwitsch , and was operated from 1963 -- 2006 . After closing its 2005 -- 2006 season , the theater moved to its current facility designed by Jean Nouvel . In 1982 , the theater won the Regional Theatre Tony Award . ", "The Courtyard Centre for the Arts is a theatre and arts venue in Hereford , England , located on Edgar Street just outside the city centre . The building was constructed between 1997 and 1998 on the site of another theatre ; The New Hereford Theatre , a converted swimming baths which had become outdated . It hosts in-house shows , such as a Pantomime and productions by a Youth Theatre and a Community Company , alongside national tours . It is also one of the main sites for the annual Borderlines Film Festival . Planning for the replacement building began in 1993 and received a significant boost when the Lottery Commission provided # 3.75 million towards the fund . The glass and wooden building was designed by Glenn Howells , following selection through an architectural design competition managed by RIBA Competitions , and opened on 18 September 1998 after a ribbon-cutting ceremony by Jonathan Stone , then Artistic Director . The design of the Main House is based upon the shape of an Elizabethan Courtyard or Inn Yard Theatre , from which the building takes its name . The building contains a Studio theatre in addition to its Main House -LRB- and both double as cinemas -RRB- , an art gallery and two conference rooms , on the ground and first floor . There is a rehearsal room/dance studio on the second floor . It has a total seating capacity of approximately 520 , in both of its venues . The studio has a third role as a lecture hall ; it was from here that David Cameron launched his LibDems 4 Cameron campaign in December 2005 . The seating in both venues can be dismantled to create open spaces for events such as the annual Craft Fair -LRB- in the Main House -RRB- and the Comedy or Folk Club -LRB- in the Studio -RRB- . Both the Main House and the Studio are sound proofed and are not linked structurally within the building , in order to eliminate sound conduction between the two . There is also a licensed Cafe-Bar which hosts a number of free events such as ` Jazz Cafe ' -LRB- Saturday lunchtimes -RRB- , ` Sunday Social ' -LRB- Sunday afternoons -RRB- and ` Open Mike Night ' -LRB- First Tuesday of the month -RRB- . Between 1998 and 2004 the centre received approximately 1.2 million visitors and in 1999 it was described as being an `` ultra-cool , rigorously modern '' building . The Courtyard 's patrons include Sir Derek Jacobi and Jo Brand . ", "Pittsburgh Civic Light Opera is a nonprofit professional theater company based in the Cultural District of Downtown Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania , USA . Pittsburgh CLO stages productions of musical theater classics , drawing more than 200,000 patrons each year ; its annual budget is nearly $ 10 million . Established on 20 February 1946 , it premiered at Pitt Stadium on 3 June 1946 , where it offered outdoor performances until 1958 . In 1961 , the Civic Arena , was built to house the CLO . The arena , former home of the Pittsburgh Hornets -LRB- AHL , 1961-67 -RRB- and the Pittsburgh Penguins -LRB- NHL , 1967-2010 -RRB- hockey franchises , is covered by the world 's first retractable roof , designed so that audiences might enjoy theater under the stars.In 1973 the company moved to the newly renovated former Penn Theatre that was now called Heinz Hall . The company moved to the Benedum Center in 1988 . CLO opened its newest venue in 2004 , The CLO Cabaret at Theater Square . Pittsburgh CLO 's history began when Abraham Lewis Wolk , a Pittsburgh City Councilman , attended a performance of the St. Louis Municipal Opera , the first American summertime musical theater . Wolk wanted to copy the idea , and after discussions with Pittsburgh retail magnate Edgar J. Kaufmann , who helped with financing , Pittsburgh CLO was established . Since 1946 , Pittsburgh CLO has been dedicated to the preservation , creation and promotion of live musical theater . Pittsburgh CLO produces a Main Stage Season , A Musical Christmas Carol and operates the CLO Cabaret . Programs include the Academy , Mini Stars , the Richard Rodgers Award , the Construction Center for the Arts and being a partner in Elephant Eye Theatricals . National touring includes Doctor Dolittle , Barry Manilow 's Copacabana and Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat . On Broadway Pittsburgh CLO has participated in Legally Blonde , Curtains , Monty Python 's Spamalot , The Color Purple , Chita Rivera : The Dancer 's Life , Thoroughly Modern Millie , Bombay Dreams , Flower Drum Song and Big River . Pittsburgh CLO 's numerous programs for students include the Gene Kelly Awards , founded in 1990 . In 2004 , the Pittsburgh CLO produced The Music Man , featuring Jeff Goldblum as Harold Hill , alongside his then-girlfriend , Catherine Wreford , Illeana Douglas , and Ed Begley , Jr. . This production was later made the centerpiece of mockumentary/documentary Pittsburgh . ", "Oklahoma Shakespeare in the Park -LRB- OSP -RRB- was founded in 1985 in Edmond , Oklahoma , USA by current Executive Director and Artistic Director Kathryn McGill -LRB- née Huey -RRB- and Jack J. O'Meara . With two different performing venues , the organization is dedicated to excellence in producing an eclectic range of classic plays to the entire Oklahoma City metro area and beyond . Oklahoma Shakespeare in the Park is a non-profit organization overseen by a Board of Directors . Jason Foreman serves as Board President . Jon Haque serves as Managing Director , Michelle Swink as PR/Marketing Associate , and Norman H. Hammon serves as Development Director . In 2007 , it relocated to downtown Oklahoma City . ", "The Imperial Theatre , in Saint John , New Brunswick , was designed by Philadelphia architect Albert Westover and built in 1912 by the Imperial Theatre by the Keith-Albee-Orpheum Corporation vaudeville chain of New York City and their Canadian subsidiary , the Saint John Amusements Company Ltd. . It opened to the public on September 19 , 1913 . One of Canada 's first comedy troupes , The Dumbbells staged several of their first shows there . Many early stars of silent film had their films played in the Imperial , such as Charlie Chaplin , Buster Keaton , Fatty Arbuckle , Greta Garbo , and Harold Lloyd . The theatre was designed as a modern adaptation of the Italian Renaissance , and opened on September 19 , 1913 , and was used both for live vaudeville acts as well as `` talkies '' . In 1929 , it was renamed the Capitol Theatre , and like most vaudeville houses across the continent , became a cinema . From 1957-1982 the Imperial Theatre was used as a meeting space by the Full Gospel Assembly . In 1982 the Imperial was abandoned by the religious group . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Kate_Patrick", "Kate_Walsh_-LRB-actress-RRB-", "Kate_en_Boogie", "Morgan_Fairchild", "Lisa_K._Wyatt" ]

[ "Kate Patrick is a fictional character from the British Channel 4 soap opera , Hollyoaks , played by Natasha Symms . She debuted on-screen during the episodes airing in 1997 . She departed in 2000 and returned for guest appearances in 2002 and 2003 . ", "Kathleen Erin Walsh -LRB- born October 13 , 1967 -RRB- is an American actress and businesswoman . Her roles include Dr. Addison Montgomery on the ABC television dramas Grey 's Anatomy and Private Practice , Rebecca Wright on the short-lived NBC sitcom Bad Judge , and Olivia Baker on the Netflix drama series 13 Reasons Why . ", "Kate en Boogie was a situation comedy produced by Viva Television and aired by GMA Network from 1993 -- 1994 . ", "Morgan Fairchild -LRB- born Patsy Ann McClenny ; February 3 , 1950 -RRB- is an American actress . She achieved prominence during the late 1970s and early 1980s with continuing roles in several television series , in which she usually conveyed a glamorous image . Fairchild began her career on the CBS daytime soap opera Search for Tomorrow as Jennifer Pace from 1973 to 1977 . In 1978 , she appeared on the primetime soap opera Dallas as the first actress to portray Jenna Wade , before taking a lead role on the NBC series Flamingo Road in 1980 -LRB- for which she was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Actress -- Television Series Drama -RRB- . In 1984 , she co-starred on ABC 's short-lived television drama Paper Dolls , and then appeared on Falcon Crest as attorney Jordan Roberts from 1985 to 1986 . Fairchild has also performed in theater and played guest roles in television comedies , including Murphy Brown -LRB- for which she was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series -RRB- , Roseanne , Cybill , and Friends . She is a board member of SAG-AFTRA . ", "Lisa K. Wyatt is an American actress and comedian . According to the biography on her official site , she has appeared in more than 150 film , television and regional theatre credits . In the show 's fifth season , she was hired for the recurring role as Lynne , the love interest of Kevin Malone , in NBC 's The Office . " ]

[ 0, 2, 0, 2, 2 ]

[ "Pink_-LRB-singer-RRB-", "Ovo-lacto_vegetarianism", "Utricularia_multifida", "Pink_Triangle_Trust", "Sheep_-LRB-song-RRB-" ]

[ "Alecia Beth Moore -LRB- born September 8 , 1979 -RRB- , known professionally as Pink -LRB- frequently stylized as -RRB- , is an American singer , songwriter , dancer , and actress . She was signed to her first record label with original R&B girl group Choice in 1995 . The label , LaFace Records saw potential in only Pink , offering her a solo deal . Choice disbanded in 1998 . Pink rose as an artist with her debut solo album , Ca n't Take Me Home -LRB- 2000 -RRB- . It was certified double-platinum in the United States and spawned two Billboard Hot 100 top-ten hits : `` There You Go '' and `` Most Girls '' . She gained further recognition with the Moulin Rouge ! soundtrack `` Lady Marmalade '' , which gave Pink her first Grammy Award as well as her first number-one single on the Billboard Hot 100 . Pink took control in early 2001 insisting she wanted to work with her childhood hero , Linda Perry . Pink took more artistic control and pursued a pop rock direction for her second album , Missundaztood -LRB- 2001 -RRB- . It sold more than 15 million copies worldwide and yielded three United States top-ten singles , `` Get the Party Started '' , `` Do n't Let Me Get Me '' , and `` Just Like a Pill '' . Pink 's third album , Try This -LRB- 2003 -RRB- , generated considerably lower sales , but earned her the Grammy Award for Best Female Rock Vocal Performance . Pink revived her popularity with her fourth and fifth studio albums , I 'm Not Dead -LRB- 2006 -RRB- and Funhouse -LRB- 2008 -RRB- , with the latter containing her second United States number-one hit , `` So What '' . Pink concluded the first decade of her career with the compilation album Greatest Hits ... So Far !! -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , which featured `` Fuckin ' Perfect '' and the chart-topping single `` Raise Your Glass '' . Her sixth studio album , The Truth About Love -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 and spawned the top-ten singles `` Blow Me -LRB- One Last Kiss -RRB- '' , `` Try '' , and `` Just Give Me a Reason '' , with the latter becoming her fourth United States number-one single . In 2014 Pink recorded a collaborative album , Rose Ave. , with Canadian musician Dallas Green under a folk music duo named You + Me . Recognized for her strong signature vocals and acrobatic performances , Pink has sold over 47 million albums worldwide , including over 16 million albums in the United States . Her career accolades include three Grammy Awards , a Brit Award , a Daytime Emmy Award and six MTV Video Music Awards . In 2009 , Billboard named Pink the Pop Songs Artist of the Decade . Pink was also the second most-played female solo artist in the United Kingdom during the 2000s decade , behind Madonna . VH1 ranked her number 10 on their list of the 100 Greatest Women in Music , while Billboard awarded her the Woman of the Year award in 2013 . At the 63rd annual BMI Pop Awards , she received the BMI President 's Award for `` her outstanding achievement in songwriting and global impact on pop culture and the entertainment industry . '' ", "An ovo-lacto vegetarian -LRB- or lacto-ovo vegetarian -RRB- is a vegetarian who does not eat meat , but does consume some animal products such as eggs and dairy . A typical ovo-lacto vegetarian diet can include fruits , vegetables , grains , nuts , seeds , herbs , roots , fungi , milk , cheese , yogurt , kefir , and eggs . ", "Utricularia multifida , commonly called pink petticoat or fairy aprons , is a terrestrial carnivorous plant that belongs to the bladderwort genus , Utricularia , of family Lentibulariaceae . It is endemic to the south west corner of Western Australia . It was once placed in a separate genus as Polypompholyx multifida . ", "The Pink Triangle Trust is a UK-registered charity whose aims are `` to advance the education of the public , and particularly of lesbians and gay men , in the principles and practice of Humanism , and to advance the education of the public , and particularly of Humanists , about all aspects of homosexuality . '' Its long-standing secretary is George Broadhead . ", "`` Sheep '' is a song by English band Pink Floyd , released on the album Animals in 1977 . In 1974 , it was originally titled `` Raving and Drooling '' . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Weill_Cornell_Medicine", "Weill", "Pharmaceutical_physician", "Biology", "Biological_therapy_for_inflammatory_bowel_disease" ]

[ "Weill Cornell Medicine -LSB- waɪl_kɔrˈnɛl -RSB- is the biomedical research unit and medical school of Cornell University , a private Ivy League university . The medical college is located at 1300 York Avenue , on the Upper East Side of Manhattan in New York City , along with the Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences . One of the most selective medical schools in the United States -LRB- based on analysis by U.S. News & World Report -RRB- , Cornell enrolls approximately 100 students per class . In 2015 , 6,183 persons applied , and 800 were interviewed for only 106 seats . The average undergraduate GPA and MCAT scores for successful applicants were 3.84 and 36 , respectively . The college is named after benefactor and former Citigroup chairman Sanford Weill . ", "Weill is an educational institution affiliated with Cornell University , named after Sanford I. Weill and may refer to : Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology , research institute located on Cornell University 's Ithaca , NY campus Weill Medical College of Cornell University , medical school located in New York City Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences , graduate college for biomedical sciences located in New York City Weill Medical College in Qatar , medical school located in Qatar ", "A Pharmaceutical Physician is a healthcare professional who performs actions related to pharmacology . They work in biotechnology companies , Clinical Research Organisations -LRB- CROs -RRB- , Regulatory Authorities , and pharmaceutical companies . ", "Biology is a natural science concerned with the study of life and living organisms , including their structure , function , growth , evolution , distribution , identification and taxonomy . Modern biology is a vast and eclectic field , composed of many branches and subdisciplines . However , despite the broad scope of biology , there are certain unifying concepts within it that consolidate it into single , coherent field . In general , biology recognizes the cell as the basic unit of life , genes as the basic unit of heredity , and evolution as the engine that propels the creation of new species . It is also understood today that all organisms survive by consuming and transforming energy and by regulating their internal environment to maintain a stable and vital condition known as homeostasis . Sub-disciplines of biology are defined by the scale at which organisms are studied , the kinds of organisms studied , and the methods used to study them : biochemistry examines the rudimentary chemistry of life ; molecular biology studies the complex interactions among biological molecules ; botany studies the biology of plants ; cellular biology examines the basic building-block of all life , the cell ; physiology examines the physical and chemical functions of tissues , organs , and organ systems of an organism ; evolutionary biology examines the processes that produced the diversity of life ; and ecology examines how organisms interact in their environment . ", "Biological therapy refers to the use of medication that is tailored to specifically target an immune or genetic mediator of disease . Even for diseases of unknown cause , molecules that are involved in the disease process have been identified , and can be targeted for biological therapy ; many of these molecules , which are mainly cytokines , are directly involved in the immune system . Biological therapy has found a niche in the management of cancer , autoimmune diseases , and diseases of unknown cause that result in symptoms due to immune related mechanisms . Inflammatory bowel disease , or IBD , is a collection of systemic diseases involving inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract . IBD includes two -LRB- or three -RRB- diseases of unknown causation : ulcerative colitis , which affects only the large bowel ; Crohn 's disease , which can affect the entire gastrointestinal tract ; and , indeterminate colitis , which consists of large bowel inflammation that shows elements of both Crohn 's disease and ulcerative colitis . Although the causes of these diseases are unknown , genetic , environmental , immune and other mechanisms have been proposed . Of these , the immune system plays a large role in the development of symptoms . Given this , a variety of biological therapies have been developed for the treatment of these diseases . These have changed the way physicians treat Crohn 's disease and ulcerative colitis . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "UNICEF_UK", "Erica_Kochi", "National_Children's_Bureau", "Commonwealth_Heads_of_Government_Meeting", "Commonwealth_Heads_of_Government_Meeting_1997" ]

[ "UNICEF UK , also known as the United Kingdom Committee for UNICEF , is one of 36 UNICEF National Committees based in industrialised countries . The National Committees raise funds for the organisation 's worldwide emergency and development work . In 2007 , UNICEF UK raised # 41.3 million for UNICEF 's work with children worldwide . UNICEF UK also advocates for lasting change for children . For example , it works to change government policies and practices that are detrimental to children 's rights in the UK and internationally . Internationally , UNICEF is the leading children 's organisation , reaching children in more than 150 less-developed countries around the world . It works with local communities , organisations and governments to make a lasting difference to children 's lives . The organisation 's global reach allows it to share knowledge across borders , while its local presence -- over 85 per cent of UNICEF staff work in developing countries - means it can deliver assistance where it is needed most . With its worldwide presence , UNICEF can respond rapidly wherever disaster strikes , delivering life-saving help for children . UNICEF believes that every child should have clean water , food , health care , education , and a safe environment in which to grow up . The organisation upholds the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child and works to hold the international community responsible for their promises to children . UNICEF is not funded by the UN . Instead , it relies on voluntary donations to fund its work for children worldwide . UNICEF UK raises funds for these programmes through donations , the sale of cards and gifts , partnerships with companies and special events . UNICEF UK is a registered charity . ", "Erica Kochi , -LRB- born 1979 , in Sendai , Japan -RRB- is a humanitarian and a technologist who Co-Leads UNICEF 's Innovation Unit , together with Christopher Fabian . In 2013 , she was chosen by Time Magazine to be on the Time 100 list of the 100 most influential people in the world . UNICEF Innovation has recognized success in innovative design of development solutions . Examples of this work include the Digital Drum , which was recognized by Time magazine as one of the Top 50 inventions of 2011 , the award-winning RapidSMS - a system that uses basic mobile phones and SMS messages to communicate with front-line workers and improve the speed and quality of data collection and health and education services , and a Gold and Silver IDSA awards , and a Redhat prize for being one of the top four open source projects Since 2007 , UNICEF Innovation has worked with partners to develop open source technologies that have registered 7 million births in Nigeria over 15 months and provided antenatal care to thousands of pregnant women across Rwanda . These systems have led to successes such as the tracking of the distribution of more than 25 million insecticide treated mosquito nets and a direct feedback loop from more than 190,000 young Ugandans to engage with their government and change policy in real time . Before UNICEF , Kochi worked with the Commission for Macroeconomics and Health , a joint collaboration between the World Bank and the World Health Organization . Kochi has also co-taught `` Design for UNICEF '' at New York University 's Tisch School of the Arts with Clay Shirky . She has lectured at the Yale School of Management , Harvard University , the Art Center College of Design , Stanford University School of Engineering , and Columbia University 's School of International and Public Affairs on technology , innovation , design and international development . ", "The National Children 's Bureau -LRB- NCB -RRB- is an English charity , based in Islington , London with another office in Belfast . It is primarily focused on improving the lives of children in England and Northern Ireland . NCB supports children to have influence in decisions that affect their lives through its youth engagement projects , as well as undertaking research and policy work , and having a team focused on improving early childhood . NCB is also an umbrella organisation and incorporates a family of councils and fora that explore a range of issues involving children and young people in England . NCB manages the Children 's Partnership with 4Children . Established in 2013 , The Children 's Partnership is the voluntary and community sector strategic partner to the Department for Education , led by 4Children and the National Children 's Bureau and in collaboration with Barnardo 's , the Family and Childcare Trust , NCVYS and NSPCC . NCB is part of the Health and Care Voluntary Sector Strategic Partner Programme which brings together voluntary and community sector -LRB- VCS -RRB- organisations . It enables VCS organisations to work in partnership with the Department of Health -LRB- DH -RRB- , NHS England and Public Health England -LRB- PHE -RRB- . ", "The Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting -LRB- CHOGM ; -LSB- ˈtʃɒgəm -RSB- or -LSB- ˈtʃəʊm -RSB- -RRB- is a biennial summit meeting of the heads of government from all Commonwealth nations . Every two years the meeting is held in a different member state and is chaired by that nation 's respective Prime Minister or President who becomes the Commonwealth Chair-in-Office until the next meeting . Queen Elizabeth II , who is the Head of the Commonwealth , attended every CHOGM beginning with Ottawa in 1973 until Perth in 2011 , although her formal participation only began in 1997 . However , she was represented by the Prince of Wales at the 2013 meeting as the 87-year-old monarch was curtailing her overseas travel . The Queen continues to attend CHOGMs held in Europe and was present at the 2015 summit in Malta and is expected to attend the 2018 CHOGM which is to be held in London . The first CHOGM was held in 1971 , and there have been 24 held in total : the most recent was held in Valletta , Malta . They are held once every two years , although this pattern has twice been interrupted . They are held around the Commonwealth , rotating by invitation amongst its members . In the past , CHOGMs have attempted to orchestrate common policies on certain contentious issues and current events , with a special focus on issues affecting member nations . CHOGMs have discussed the continuation of apartheid rule in South Africa and how to end it , military coups in Pakistan and Fiji , and allegations of electoral fraud in Zimbabwe . Sometimes the member states agree on a common idea or solution , and release a joint statement declaring their opinion . More recently , beginning at the 1997 CHOGM , the meeting has had an official ` theme ' , set by the host nation , on which the primary discussions have been focused . ", "The Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting 1997 was the fifteenth Meeting of the Heads of Government of the Commonwealth of Nations . It was held in Edinburgh , the United Kingdom , between 24 October and 27 October 1997 , and hosted by Prime Minister Tony Blair . It was the largest summit in modern Commonwealth history up to that point -LRB- a title to be taken from it by the 1999 CHOGM -RRB- , with forty-two heads of state or government . It was also attended by Ahmad Tejan Kabbah , who had recently been ousted as President of Sierra Leone . Most notable , however , was the emergence of the civil society fringe of the ` People 's Commonwealth ' , transforming a conference of policy-makers into a cultural celebration . For this reason , most participants and commentators considered it a success . The appearance of Queen Elizabeth II , Head of the Commonwealth , at the opening of the CHOGM was a novelty . The monarch had never appeared at a CHOGM before , and it marked the beginning of a renewed interest in the Commonwealth from the monarchy . The rest of the opening ceremony was low-key . The Edinburgh Declaration was agreed , endorsing the report of the Inter-Governmental Group on Criteria for Commonwealth Membership -LRB- IGCCM -RRB- which consolidated and revised previous rules and agreements which had developed over the previous 60 years . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Rehab_-LRB-Amy_Winehouse_song-RRB-", "Welcome_Home_-LRB-Rehab_album-RRB-", "List_of_Guggenheim_Fellowships_awarded_in_2008", "Celebrity_Rehab_with_Dr._Drew", "The_Memory_Keeper's_Daughter" ]

[ "`` Rehab '' is a song written and performed by English singer and songwriter Amy Winehouse , from her second and final studio album Back to Black -LRB- 2006 -RRB- . Produced by Mark Ronson , the lyrics are autobiographical and address Winehouse 's refusal one time to enter a rehabilitation clinic . `` Rehab '' was released as the lead single from Back to Black on 23 October 2006 , and it peaked at number 7 in the United Kingdom on its Singles Chart and number 9 in the United States on the Billboard Hot 100 , becoming Winehouse 's only top 10 hit in the US . `` Rehab '' has become a critical and commercial success internationally , and has been referred to as Winehouse 's `` signature song '' . It won three Grammy Awards at the 50th ceremony , including Record of the Year , Song of the Year , and Best Female Pop Vocal Performance . It also won an Ivor Novello Award for Best Contemporary Song . Winehouse 's public battle with drug and alcohol addiction , and subsequent death , have contributed to the song 's continuing popularity and appearance in the media . The song has been covered by a list of artists , such as Hot Chip , Lea Salonga , Seether , and the Jamaican Mento band The Jolly Boys . ", "Welcome Home is a 2010 studio album by the American rap rock and Southern rock band Rehab . With the exception of the rap-based songs '' # 1 '' and `` Rideout Chick '' , it is a full album of country type pop ballads in the style of their biggest single , `` Sittin ' at a Bar '' . ", "List of Guggenheim Fellowships awarded in 2008 . ", "Celebrity Rehab with Dr. Drew , later called simply Rehab with Dr. Drew , is a reality television show that aired on the cable network VH1 in which many of the episodes chronicle a group of well-known people as they are treated for alcohol and drug addiction by Dr. Drew Pinsky and his staff at the Pasadena Recovery Center in Pasadena , California . The first five seasons of the series , on which Pinsky also serves as executive producer , cast celebrities struggling with addiction , with the first season premiering on January 10 , 2008 , and the fifth airing in 2011 . The sixth season , which filmed in early 2012 , featured non-celebrities as treatment subjects , and the series name shortened to Rehab with Dr. Drew . Season 6 premiered on September 16 , 2012 . In May 2013 , Pinsky announced that season six was the final season , explaining that he was tired of the criticism leveled at him after celebrities he treated had relapsed into addiction and died . ", "The Memory Keeper 's Daughter is a novel by American author Kim Edwards that tells the story of a man who gives away his newborn daughter , who has Down syndrome , to one of the nurses . Published by Viking Press in June 2005 , the novel garnered great interest via word of mouth in the summer of 2006 and placed on the New York Times Paperback Bestsellers List . The novel was adapted to television film and broadcast on Lifetime Television in April 2008 . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Henry_Condell", "Mary_I_of_England", "Anne_Boleyn", "Wulfhilde_of_Saxony", "John_Ingram_-LRB-martyr-RRB-" ]

[ "Henry Condell -LRB- 5 September 1576 -LRB- baptised -RRB- -- December 1627 -RRB- was an actor in the King 's Men , the playing company for which William Shakespeare wrote . With John Heminges , he was instrumental in preparing and editing the First Folio , the collected plays of Shakespeare , published in 1623 . Condell 's early life is obscure . It appears that he may have been from East Anglia , as his will mentions ` my Cosen Gilder late of newe Buckenham ' . According to Edmond : The only Henry Condell so far discovered at a suitable date in that part of England was the son of a Robert Condell of St Peter Mancroft , Norwich , a fishmonger , and his wife , Joan , née Yeomans , of New Buckenham , a market town not far from Norwich . Henry Condell , presumably their son , was baptized at St Peter on 5 September 1576 . Traditionally , he is associated with the `` Harry '' who appears in the cast list for Richard Tarlton 's The Seven Deadly Sins , but this identification is little more than conjecture . If the connection is true , then Condell was an actor as early as 1590 , acting in Lord Strange 's Men alongside John Heminges and Augustine Phillips . Condell was definitely in London by 24 October 1596 , when he married , at St Laurence Pountney , Elizabeth Smart -LRB- d. 1635 -RRB- , the only child of John Smart of the Strand , gentleman . They settled in St Mary Aldermanbury , the parish in which Heminges lived . Condell , like Heminges , served as churchwarden in that church . Nine children were baptized there , born between 1599 and 1614 , of whom only three survived to adulthood : Elizabeth -LRB- baptized 26 October 1606 -RRB- , who married Herbert Finch ; Henry -LRB- baptized 6 May 1610 , died 1630 -RRB- ; and William -LRB- baptized 26 May 1611 -RRB- . Details of Condell 's mature life , as is usual for Renaissance actors , are few . His status within the Lord Chamberlain 's and King 's companies appears to have been high ; in official communications he is generally listed shortly after Burbage and Heminges . Actors ' wills indicate that he was close to at least some of his colleagues in the company . Shakespeare and Phillips bequeathed him money for mourning rings ; Nicholas Tooley and Alexander Cooke named him as trustee for their estates . Condell prospered enough in his profession to purchase a country home at Fulham in Middlesex and other property , including an estate called Brockhampton in Snowshill , Gloucestershire . The indentures recording the latter purchase contain the only known example of Condell 's signature or handwriting apart from his last will . In addition to Every Man in His Humour -LRB- 1598 -RRB- and Every Man Out of His Humour -LRB- 1599 -RRB- , Condell is known to have performed in four more of Jonson 's plays : Sejanus -LRB- 1603 -RRB- , Volpone -LRB- 1605 -RRB- , The Alchemist -LRB- 1610 -RRB- , and Catiline -LRB- 1611 -RRB- . He was the original Cardinal in John Webster 's The Duchess of Malfi -LRB- c. 1613 -RRB- . And he was listed in eight of the cast lists that were added to the second Beaumont and Fletcher folio of 1679 : Bonduca The Captain The Humorous Lieutenant The Knight of Malta The Loyal Subject The Mad Lover The Queen of Corinth Valentinian Condell appears to have ended his stage career around 1619 . He signed each of the nine sheets of his last will and testament on 13 December 1627 . He died at Fulham aged 51 , and was buried at St Mary Aldermanbury on 29 December 1627 . His widow , Elizabeth , was buried there on 3 October 1635 . Condell left an extensive estate , including shares in the Globe and Blackfriars Theatres . ", "Mary I -LRB- 18 February 1516 -- 17 November 1558 -RRB- was the Queen of England and Ireland from July 1553 until her death . Her executions of Protestants led to the posthumous sobriquet `` Bloody Mary '' . She was the only child of Henry VIII by his first wife Catherine of Aragon to survive to adulthood . Her younger half-brother Edward VI -LRB- son of Henry and Jane Seymour -RRB- succeeded their father in 1547 . When Edward became mortally ill in 1553 , he attempted to remove Mary from the line of succession because of religious differences . On his death their first cousin once removed , Lady Jane Grey , was proclaimed queen . Mary assembled a force in East Anglia and deposed Jane , who was ultimately beheaded . Mary was -- excluding the disputed reigns of Jane and the Empress Matilda -- the first queen regnant of England . In 1554 , Mary married Philip of Spain , becoming queen consort of Habsburg Spain on his accession in 1556 . Mary is remembered for her restoration of Roman Catholicism after her half-brother 's short-lived Protestant reign . During her five-year reign , she had over 280 religious dissenters burned at the stake in the Marian persecutions . After her death in 1558 , her re-establishment of Roman Catholicism was reversed by her younger half-sister and successor Elizabeth I , daughter of Henry and Anne Boleyn . ", "Anne Boleyn -LRB- -LSB- ˈbʊlɪn -RSB- , -LSB- bəˈlɪn -RSB- or -LSB- bʊˈlɪn -RSB- -RRB- -LRB- 1501 -- 19 May 1536 -RRB- was Queen of England from 1533 to 1536 as the second wife of King Henry VIII , and Marquess of Pembroke in her own right . Henry 's marriage to her , and her subsequent execution by beheading , made her a key figure in the political and religious upheaval that was the start of the English Reformation . Her daughter Elizabeth would later succeed Henry VIII as Elizabeth I , Queen of England and Ireland . Anne was the daughter of Thomas Boleyn , 1st Earl of Wiltshire , and his wife , Lady Elizabeth Howard , and was educated in the Netherlands and France , largely as a maid of honour to Claude of France . Anne returned to England in early 1522 , to marry her Irish cousin James Butler , 9th Earl of Ormond ; the marriage plans were broken up by Cardinal Wolsey , and instead she secured a post at court as maid of honour to Henry VIII 's wife , Catherine of Aragon . Early in 1523 Anne was secretly betrothed to Henry Percy , son of the 5th Earl of Northumberland , but the betrothal was broken by Cardinal Wolsey in January 1524 and Anne was sent back home to Hever Castle . In February/March 1526 , Henry VIII began his pursuit of Anne . She resisted his attempts to seduce her , refusing to become his mistress -- which her sister Mary had been . It soon became the one absorbing object of Henry 's desires to annul his marriage to Queen Catherine so he would be free to marry Anne . When it became clear that Pope Clement VII would not annul the marriage , the breaking of the power of the Catholic Church in England began . In 1532 , Henry granted Anne the Marquessate of Pembroke . Henry and Anne married on 25 January 1533 , after a secret marriage on 14 November 1532 . On 23 May 1533 , newly appointed Archbishop of Canterbury Thomas Cranmer declared Henry and Catherine 's marriage null and void ; five days later , he declared Henry and Anne 's marriage valid . Shortly afterwards , the Pope decreed sentences of excommunication against Henry and Cranmer . As a result of this marriage and these excommunications , the first break between the Church of England and Rome took place and the Church of England was brought under the King 's control . Anne was crowned Queen of England on 1 June 1533 . On 7 September , she gave birth to the future Queen Elizabeth I. Henry was disappointed to have a daughter rather than a son but hoped a son would follow and professed to love Elizabeth . Anne subsequently had three miscarriages , and by March 1536 , Henry was courting Jane Seymour . In order to marry Jane Seymour , Henry had to find reasons for his marriage with Anne to end . Henry had Anne investigated for high treason in April 1536 . On 2 May she was arrested and sent to the Tower of London , where she was tried before a jury of peers -- which included Henry Percy , her former betrothed , and her own uncle , Thomas Howard -- and found guilty on 15 May . She was beheaded four days later . Modern historians view the charges against her , which included adultery , incest , and plotting to kill the king , as unconvincing . Some say that Anne was accused of witchcraft but the indictments make no mention of this charge . After the coronation of her daughter , Elizabeth , as queen , Anne was venerated as a martyr and heroine of the English Reformation , particularly through the works of John Foxe . Over the centuries , she has inspired , or been mentioned , in many artistic and cultural works and thereby retained her hold on the popular imagination . She has been called `` the most influential and important queen consort England has ever had '' , for she provided the occasion for Henry VIII to annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragon and declare his independence from the Holy See . ", "Wulfhilde Billung of Saxony -LRB- 1072 -- 29 December 1126 in Weingarten Abbey -RRB- was the eldest daughter of Magnus , Duke of Saxony and his wife , Sophia of Hungary . She married Duke Henry IX of Bavaria . As a result of this marriage , part of the Billung possessions came into the hands of the House of Guelph . They had the following children : Henry X Conrad -LRB- died : 17 March 1126 in Bari , buried in Molfetta -RRB- , a Cistercian monk Sophia Judith Matilda -LRB- d. 1138 -RRB- , married Margrave Diephold IV of Vohburg -LRB- d. 1130 -RRB- and Count Gebhard III of Sulzbach -LRB- d. 1188 -RRB- Welf VI Wulfhilde , married Rudolf I , Count of Bregenz -LRB- d. 1160 -RRB- Wulfhilde died in 1126 and was buried at Weingarten Abbey . Category :1072 births Category :1126 deaths Category : House of Billung Category : Duchesses of Bavaria Category :11 th-century German people Category :12 th-century German people Category : Women of medieval Germany Category : Burials at Weingarten Abbey ", "The Blessed John Ingram -LRB- 1565 -- 26 July , 1594 -RRB- was an English Jesuit and martyr from Stoke Edith , Herefordshire , who was executed in Newcastle-on-Tyne on 26 July 1594 , during the reign of Elizabeth I. " ]

[ 2, 1, 2, 0, 0 ]

[ "Leslie_Alexander_-LRB-businessman-RRB-", "Stewart_Alexander", "Sean_T._Kean", "Anna_Kaplan", "Alexander_Webster_-LRB-New_York-RRB-" ]

[ "Leslie L. Alexander -LRB- born 1944 -RRB- is an American attorney , businessman and financier . He is a former bond trader from New Jersey who owns the National Basketball Association -LRB- NBA -RRB- team Houston Rockets . ", "Stewart Alexis Alexander -LRB- born October 1 , 1951 -RRB- is an American democratic socialist politician , presidential nominee for the Socialist Party USA in the 2012 election , and former SPUSA nominee for Vice President of the United States in the 2008 election . A resident of California , Alexander was the Peace and Freedom Party candidate for Lieutenant Governor in 2006 . He received 43,319 votes , 0.5 % of the total . In August 2010 , Alexander declared his candidacy for the President of the United States with the Socialist Party and Green Party . In January 2011 , Alexander also declared his candidacy for the presidential nomination of the Peace and Freedom Party . ", "Sean T. Kean -LRB- born May 21 , 1963 -RRB- is an American Republican Party politician , who has served in the New Jersey General Assembly since being sworn into office on January 10 , 2012 , representing the 30th legislative district . Prior to redistricting , Kean served in the New Jersey Senate from 2008 to 2012 , representing the 11th legislative district . He had previously represented the 11th district in the Assembly from 2002 to 2008 . ", "Anna Kaplan -LRB- née Anna Monahemi -RRB- is an American politician from Great Neck , New York . Kaplan , an Iranian-American , was born in Tabriz , Iran . She fled Iran as a child refugee as a result of the Iranian Revolution . Kaplan is the first Iranian-American elected to municipal office in New York State . ", "Alexander Webster -LRB- 1734 -- September 21 , 1810 -RRB- was an American politician from New York . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Minor_League_Baseball", "Florida_International_League", "Gulf_Coast_League_Padres", "Florida_East_Coast_League", "Oakland_-LRB-California_League-RRB-_Baseball_Team" ]

[ "Minor League Baseball is a hierarchy of professional baseball leagues in the Americas that compete at levels below Major League Baseball -LRB- MLB -RRB- and provide opportunities for player development and a way to prepare for the major leagues . All of the minor leagues are operated as independent businesses . Most are members of the umbrella organization known as Minor League Baseball -LRB- MiLB -RRB- , which operates under the Commissioner of Baseball within the scope of organized baseball . Several leagues , known as independent baseball leagues , do not have any official links to Major League Baseball . Except for the Mexican League , teams in the organized minor leagues are generally independently owned and operated but are directly affiliated with one major league team through a standardized Player Development Contract -LRB- PDC -RRB- . These leagues also go by the nicknames the `` farm system , '' `` farm club , '' or `` farm team -LRB- s -RRB- '' because of a joke passed around by major league players in the 1930s when St. Louis Cardinals general manager Branch Rickey formalized the system , and teams in small towns were `` growing players down on the farm like corn . '' Major League Baseball and Minor League Baseball teams may enter into a PDC for a two - or four-year term . At the expiration of a PDC term , teams may renew their affiliation , or sign new PDCs with different clubs , though many relationships are renewed and endure for extended time periods . For example , the Omaha Storm Chasers -LRB- formerly the Omaha Royals and Omaha Golden Spikes -RRB- have been the Triple-A affiliate of the Kansas City Royals since the Royals joined the American League in 1969 , but the Columbus Clippers changed affiliations , after being associated with the New York Yankees from 1979 , to the Washington Nationals in 2007 and have been affiliated with the Cleveland Indians since 2009 . A few minor league teams are directly owned by their major league parent club , such as the Springfield Cardinals , owned by the St. Louis Cardinals , and all of the Atlanta Braves ' affiliates except the Florida Fire Frogs . Minor League teams that are owned directly by the major league club do not have PDCs with the parent club and are not part of the reaffiliation shuffles that occur every other year . Today , 19 affiliated minor baseball leagues operate with 244 member clubs in large , medium , and small cities , as well as the suburbs of major cities , across the United States , Canada , Mexico , and the Dominican Republic . Several more independent leagues operate in the United States and Canada . ", "The Florida International League was a lower - to mid-level circuit in American and Cuban minor league baseball that existed from 1946 through July 27 , 1954 . It was designated Class C for its first three seasons , then upgraded to Class B in 1949 for the final 5 1/2 years of its existence . ", "The Gulf Coast League -LRB- GCL -RRB- Padres were a minor league baseball team , that played in Bradenton , Florida from 1981-1982 . The club played in the rookie-level Gulf Coast League as an affiliate of the San Diego Padres . ", "The Florida East Coast League was the name of two American minor league baseball circuits , based on the Atlantic coast of Florida . The first incarnation of the FECL was as a Class D circuit that played from through May 14 , . It shut its doors , along with many other minor leagues , a few months after the United States entered World War II , and , despite the postwar baseball boom , it was not revived . The second Florida East Coast League was a Rookie-class `` complex league '' owned and operated by Major League Baseball clubs . It existed for one season -- -- and was intended to provide a second Florida-based league for 18 - and 19-year-old players , along with the established Gulf Coast League , which is located in southwest and west-central Florida . The FECL of 1972 featured four teams based at minor league training complexes in Cocoa and Melbourne . ", "Several different minor league baseball teams played in the city of Oakland , California in the California League -LRB- and its alternate names -RRB- starting in 1879 until 1915 . From that point , the Oakland Oaks of the Pacific Coast League took over as the main team in Oakland . " ]

[ 2, 0, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Elizabeth_of_York", "Elizabeth_I_of_England", "Children_of_Henry_VIII", "Margaret_Holland,_Duchess_of_Clarence", "Edward_Courtenay,_1st_Earl_of_Devon" ]

[ "Elizabeth of York -LRB- 11 February 1466 -- 11 February 1503 -RRB- was queen consort of England from 1486 until her death . As the wife of Henry VII , she was the first Tudor queen . She was the daughter of Edward IV and niece of Richard III , and she married the king following Henry 's victory at the Battle of Bosworth which started the last phase of the Wars of the Roses . She was the mother of King Henry VIII . Therefore , she was the daughter , sister , niece , wife , mother and grandmother of successive Kings of England . The period of Henry VI 's readaption from October 1470 until April 1471 and the period between her father 's death in 1483 , when she was 17 , and the making of peace between her mother and her uncle Richard were violent and anxious interludes in what was mostly a peaceful life . Her two brothers disappeared , the `` Princes in the Tower '' , their fate unknown . She was welcomed back to court by her Uncle Richard III , along with all of her sisters . As a Yorkist princess , the final victory of the Lancastrian faction in the War of the Roses may have seemed a further disaster , but Henry Tudor knew the importance of Yorkist support for his invasion and promised to marry her before he arrived in England ; this was an important move , which , however , failed to bring him the desired Yorkist support . Her marriage seems to have been successful , though her eldest son Arthur , Prince of Wales , died at age 15 in 1502 , and three other children died young . She seems to have played little part in politics . Her surviving children became a King of England and queens of France and Scotland ; it is through the Scottish Stuart dynasty that her many modern royal descendants trace their descent from her . ", "Elizabeth I -LRB- 7 September 1533 -- 24 March 1603 -RRB- was Queen of England and Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death . Sometimes called The Virgin Queen , Gloriana or Good Queen Bess , the childless Elizabeth was the last monarch of the Tudor dynasty . Elizabeth was the daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn , his second wife , who was executed two-and-a-half years after Elizabeth 's birth . Anne 's marriage to Henry VIII was annulled , and Elizabeth was declared illegitimate . Her half-brother , Edward VI , ruled until his death in 1553 , bequeathing the crown to Lady Jane Grey and ignoring the claims of his two half-sisters , Elizabeth and the Roman Catholic Mary , in spite of statute law to the contrary . Edward 's will was set aside and Mary became queen , deposing Lady Jane Grey . During Mary 's reign , Elizabeth was imprisoned for nearly a year on suspicion of supporting Protestant rebels . In 1558 , Elizabeth succeeded her half-sister to the throne and set out to rule by good counsel . She depended heavily on a group of trusted advisers , led by William Cecil , 1st Baron Burghley . One of her first actions as queen was the establishment of an English Protestant church , of which she became the Supreme Governor . This Elizabethan Religious Settlement was to evolve into the Church of England . It was expected that Elizabeth would marry and produce an heir to continue the Tudor line . She never did , despite numerous courtships . As she grew older , Elizabeth became famous for her virginity . A cult grew around her which was celebrated in the portraits , pageants , and literature of the day . In government , Elizabeth was more moderate than her father and half-siblings had been . One of her mottoes was `` video et taceo '' -LRB- `` I see but say nothing '' -RRB- . In religion , she was relatively tolerant and avoided systematic persecution . After the pope declared her illegitimate in 1570 and released her subjects from obedience to her , several conspiracies threatened her life , all of which were defeated with the help of her ministers ' secret service . Elizabeth was cautious in foreign affairs , manoeuvring between the major powers of France and Spain . She only half-heartedly supported a number of ineffective , poorly resourced military campaigns in the Netherlands , France , and Ireland . By the mid-1580s , England could no longer avoid war with Spain . England 's defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588 associated Elizabeth with one of the greatest military victories in English history . Elizabeth 's reign is known as the Elizabethan era . The period is famous for the flourishing of English drama , led by playwrights such as William Shakespeare and Christopher Marlowe , and for the seafaring prowess of English adventurers such as Francis Drake . Some historians depict Elizabeth as a short-tempered , sometimes indecisive ruler , who enjoyed more than her share of luck . Towards the end of her reign , a series of economic and military problems weakened her popularity . Elizabeth is acknowledged as a charismatic performer and a dogged survivor in an era when government was ramshackle and limited , and when monarchs in neighbouring countries faced internal problems that jeopardised their thrones . Such was the case with Elizabeth 's rival , Mary , Queen of Scots , whom she imprisoned in 1568 and had executed in 1587 . After the short reigns of Elizabeth 's half-siblings , her 44 years on the throne provided welcome stability for the kingdom and helped forge a sense of national identity . ", "Henry VIII of England had several children . The best-known are the three legitimate children who survived Henry and succeeded him as monarchs of England successively , Edward VI , Mary I and Elizabeth I. His first two wives , Catherine of Aragon and Anne Boleyn , had several pregnancies that ended in stillbirth , miscarriage , or death in infancy . Henry acknowledged one illegitimate child , Henry FitzRoy , as his own , but is suspected to have fathered several illegitimate children by different mistresses . The number and identity of these is a matter of historical debate . There are many theories about whether Henry VIII had fertility difficulties . His last three wives , Anne of Cleves , Catherine Howard and Catherine Parr are not known to have conceived by him , although Parr conceived in her next marriage . ", "Margaret Holland , Countess of Somerset -LRB- 1385 -- 31 December 1439 -RRB- was the daughter of Thomas Holland , 2nd Earl of Kent , who was the son of Joan `` the Fair Maid of Kent '' -LRB- granddaughter of Edward I of England , wife of Edward the Black Prince and mother of Richard II of England -RRB- . Margaret 's mother was Alice FitzAlan , daughter of Richard FitzAlan , 10th Earl of Arundel and Eleanor of Lancaster . Margaret married John Beaufort , 1st Earl of Somerset , son of John of Gaunt , 1st Duke of Lancaster and his mistress Katherine Swynford . They had six children : Henry Beaufort , 2nd Earl of Somerset -LRB- c. 1401 -- 25 November 1418 -RRB- . John Beaufort , 1st Duke of Somerset -LRB- baptized 25 March 1404 -- 27 May 1444 -RRB- . Thomas Beaufort , Count of Perche -LRB- c. 1405 -- 1431 -RRB- . Lady Joan Beaufort -LRB- c. 1406 -- 15 July 1445 -RRB- , who married James I of Scotland and Sir James Stewart , the Black Knight of Lorn . Edmund Beaufort , 2nd Duke of Somerset -LRB- c. 1406 -- 22 May 1455 -RRB- . Lady Margaret Beaufort , Countess of Devon -LRB- c. 1409 -- 1449 -RRB- , married Thomas de Courtenay , 13th Earl of Devon . In 1399 , she was invested as a Lady Companion , Order of the Garter -LRB- L.G. -RRB- . After Beaufort died in 1410 -LRB- in the Tower of London -RRB- , she married his nephew Thomas of Lancaster , 1st Duke of Clarence , the son of King Henry IV . They had no children . She died on 31 December 1439 at St. Saviour 's Abbey , Bermondsey , in London , England . Margaret and both her husbands are buried together in a carved alabaster tomb in Canterbury Cathedral that shows her lying between the two of them . ", "Edward Courtenay , 1st Earl of Devon -LRB- c. 1527 -- 18 September 1556 -RRB- was an English nobleman during the rule of the Tudor dynasty . Born into a family with close royal connections , he was at various times considered a possible match for the two daughters of Henry VIII , both of whom became queens regnant of England . He was a second cousin to Edward VI , Mary I and Elizabeth I through King Edward IV . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Cary_Elwes", "Charles_Eldridge", "The_Bishop's_Wife", "Freddie_Highmore", "Brad_Dourif" ]

[ "Ivan Simon Cary Elwes -LRB- -LSB- ˈɛlwɪs -RSB- born 26 October 1962 -RRB- , known professionally as Cary Elwes , is an English actor and writer . He is best known for his roles in films such as The Princess Bride , Glory , Robin Hood : Men in Tights , Days of Thunder , Bram Stoker 's Dracula , Hot Shots ! , Twister , The Jungle Book , Liar , Liar , and Saw . He has also had recurring roles in series such as The X-Files and Psych , and currently stars in the Crackle series The Art of More . ", "Charles Eldridge -LRB- September 25 , 1854 -- October 29 , 1922 -RRB- was an American stage and screen actor of the late 19th and early 20th centuries . In the film industry he appeared in over 100 films , although the majority of those were film shorts . He began on the stage during the 1870s , and appeared in at least one Broadway play , Charles Frohman 's 1899 production of Because She Loved Him So . His first appearance in film was in a 1910 short , The Legacy , in which he starred . His first appearance in a feature film was in The Strange Story of Sylvia Gray . In addition to the over 100 shorts he was in , Eldridge appeared in 27 feature films between 1914 and 1922 . In his roles in full-length films , he would usually appear in a supporting role , although occasionally be given a lead , as in 1917 's Polly of the Circus , 1920 's Broken Hearts , and 1922 's Ashamed of Parents . Polly of the Circus was notable for being the first film released by Goldwyn Pictures , which was shot in Fort Lee , New Jersey , mostly at rented space at the studios owned by Universal Studios . His final screen appearance would be in a supporting role in the 1922 film , No Trespassing , which starred Irene Castle of the famous dancing team , Vernon and Irene Castle . No Trespassing was released on June 11 , 1922 , and Eldridge would die soon after , on October 29 , 1922 in New York City . ", "The Bishop 's Wife , also known as Cary and the Bishop 's Wife , is a Samuel Goldwyn romantic comedy feature film from 1947 , starring Cary Grant , Loretta Young , and David Niven in a story about an angel who helps a bishop with his problems . The film was adapted by Leonardo Bercovici and Robert E. Sherwood from the 1928 novel of the same name by Robert Nathan , and was directed by Henry Koster . It was remade in 1996 as The Preacher 's Wife starring Denzel Washington , Whitney Houston , and Courtney B. Vance . ", "Alfred Thomas `` Freddie '' Highmore -LRB- born 14 February 1992 -RRB- is an English actor . He made his acting debut in the comedy film Women Talking Dirty -LRB- 1999 -RRB- , and has since starred in Finding Neverland -LRB- 2004 -RRB- , Five Children and It -LRB- 2004 -RRB- , Charlie and the Chocolate Factory -LRB- 2005 -RRB- , Arthur and the Invisibles -LRB- 2006 -RRB- , August Rush -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , The Spiderwick Chronicles -LRB- 2008 -RRB- , Toast -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , and The Art of Getting By -LRB- 2011 -RRB- . He won the Critics ' Choice Movie Award for Best Young Performer in two consecutive years -LRB- 2004 -- 2005 -RRB- . For five seasons , Highmore starred as Norman Bates in the A&E drama-thriller series Bates Motel -LRB- 2013 -- 2017 -RRB- , for which he was twice nominated for the Critics ' Choice Television Award for Best Actor in a Drama Series . In 2017 , he won a People 's Choice Award for his performance . ", "Bradford Claude `` Brad '' Dourif -LRB- -LSB- ˈdɔːrᵻf -RSB- born March 18 , 1950 -RRB- is an American stage , film , and voice actor , best known for playing Billy Bibbit in One Flew Over the Cuckoo 's Nest -LRB- which won him a Golden Globe Award and BAFTA Award , as well as a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor -RRB- , Chucky in the Chucky franchise , Gríma Wormtongue in The Lord of the Rings , Deputy Clinton Pell in Mississippi Burning , Piter De Vries in Dune and Doc Cochran in Deadwood -LRB- for which he earned an Emmy Award nomination -RRB- . He also acted in Tales from the Crypt . Dourif has worked with director Werner Herzog on many occasions , appearing in Scream of Stone , The Wild Blue Yonder , Bad Lieutenant : Port of Call New Orleans , and My Son , My Son , What Have Ye Done ? . From June to September 2013 , he starred in an Off Broadway revival of Tennessee Williams ' The Two-Character Play , his first stage appearance in 29 years . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Mom_-LRB-TV_series-RRB-", "Ramona_and_Her_Mother", "Jan_Pascale", "Josann_McGibbon", "Okay,_Mother" ]

[ "Mom is an American sitcom that premiered on September 23 , 2013 , on CBS . The series was created by Chuck Lorre , Eddie Gorodetsky , and Gemma Baker and distributed by Warner Bros. . Television . It stars Anna Faris and Allison Janney in lead roles as dysfunctional mother/daughter duo Christy and Bonnie Plunkett . Sadie Calvano , Blake Garrett Rosenthal , Matt L. Jones , Spencer Daniels , Nate Corddry , French Stewart , William Fichtner , Beth Hall , Jaime Pressly and Mimi Kennedy appear in supporting roles . The series has received positive reviews throughout its run . Both Janney and Faris have garnered acclaim for their respective performances and have received numerous accolades with Janney having won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series back to back in 2014 and 2015 . The show has also garnered multiple nominations at the Critics ' Choice Television Awards and the People 's Choice Awards during its run . The show has also received high ratings , which rose from the first to second season with an average viewership of 11.79 million . CBS renewed the series for a third season , which premiered on November 5 , 2015 . On March 25 , 2016 , the series was renewed for a fourth season , which premiered on October 27 , 2016 . On March 23 , 2017 , CBS renewed the series for a fifth season . ", "Ramona and Her Mother by Beverly Cleary is the fifth book of the popular Ramona series . Mr. Quimby has found another job , though it is one he does not like very much . Ramona finds herself caught between being too young to stay home alone and too old to enjoy playing with pesky Willa Jean . She is trying to grow up , but sometimes it seems like her family is making it harder . Ramona and Her Mother won the 1981 National Book Award . From 1980 to 1983 in National Book Award history there were dual awards for hardcover and paperback books in many categories . Almost all of the paperback award-winners were reprints . ", "Jan Pascale is a set decorator who has won an Emmy and has been nominated for an Oscar . She has worked on over 50 different TV shows and films since 1982 . She won her Emmy 2001 for the TV show Boston Public . She was nominated at the 2005 Academy Awards in the category of Best Art Direction . She was nominated for the film Good Night and Good Luck , her nomination was shared with James D. Bissell . ", "Josann McGibbon is an American screenwriter working in partnership with Sara Parriott . The team 's first major success as a screenwriter was the early Brad Pitt film , The Favor . Their biggest hits since then include Three Men and a Little Lady and Runaway Bride . In 2007 , McGibbon and Parriott co-wrote and produced the hit Debra Messing miniseries , The Starter Wife . The Starter Wife received 10 Emmy nominations in 2007 , including for best screenwriting , and won one Emmy Award . It was also nominated for Golden Globe and Writers Guild awards , and was then produced as a series , also on USA Network . McGibbon and Parriott wrote and co-produced the Disney Channel movie , Descendants which was directed by Kenny Ortega and premiered in July , 2015 . On February , 2013 , it won the Writers Guild of America Award in television for Outstanding Children 's Long Form . ", "Okay , Mother is an American daytime variety/game show which originally aired on WABD in New York City in 1948 . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]

[ "Therasia", "Indian_subcontinent", "Turgai_Sea", "Geography_of_North_America", "Thuarea" ]

[ "Therasia , also known as Thirasía , is an island in the volcanic island group of Santorini in the Greek Cyclades . It lies north-west of Nea Kameni , a small island formed in recent centuries by volcanic activity and thus marking the centre of the island group . Therasia is the second largest island of the group , the largest by far being Thera . Therasia has a land area of 9.299 km ² and its population was 319 inhabitants at the 2011 census . It is part of the municipal unit of Oia . Thera and Therasia were separated by the Thera eruption . At Knossos , in a LMIIIA context -LRB- 14th century BC -RRB- , seven Linear B texts while calling upon `` all the gods '' make sure to grant primacy to an elsewhere-unattested entity called qe-ra-si-ja and , once , qe-ra-si-jo . However this probably refers to a god or a person rather than to an island * Qherasia > Therasia . Thirasia is also the book of Greek poet Dimitris Varos that became a music album and theatrical performance by Greek composer Giannis Markopoulos under the title Daring Communication - Electric Theseus . ", "The Indian subcontinent or the subcontinent , also called the Indian continent , is a southern region of Asia , mostly situated on the Indian Plate and projecting southwards into the Indian Ocean from the Himalayas . Geologically , the Indian subcontinent is related to the land mass that rifted from Gondwana and merged with the Eurasian plate nearly 55 million years ago . Geographically , it is the peninsular region in south-central Asia delineated by the Himalayas in the north , the Hindu Kush in the west , and the Arakanese in the east . Politically , the Indian subcontinent usually includes Bangladesh , Bhutan , India , Maldives , Nepal , Pakistan and Sri Lanka . Sometimes , the term South Asia is used interchangeably with Indian subcontinent . There is no consensus about which countries should be included in each . ", "The Turgai -LRB- or Turgay -RRB- Sea or Turgai Strait , also known as the West Siberian Sea , was a large shallow body of salt water -LRB- an epicontinental or epeiric sea -RRB- of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic Eras . It extended north of the present-day Caspian Sea to the `` paleo-Arctic '' region , and was in existence from Middle Jurassic to Oligocene times , from approximately 160 to 29 million years ago . The Turgai Sea was not absolutely continuous throughout this entire era , though it was a persistent and predominating feature in its region ; it `` fragmented southern Europe and southwestern Asia into many large islands , and separated Europe from Asia . '' The division of the Eurasian landmass by the Turgai Sea had the effect of isolating animal populations . Perhaps best known to laypeople were the horned dinosaurs called Ceratopsia of the Cretaceous Period , which were restricted to Asia and western North America -LRB- which were connected for much of this era -RRB- . The existence of the Turgai Sea also restricted various freshwater fish and amphibians . The Turgai Sea derives its name from a region of modern-day Kazakhstan , with its Turgai River and Turgai Valley . ", "North America is the third largest continent , and is also a portion of the second largest supercontinent if North and South America are combined into the Americas and Africa , Europe , and Asia are considered to be part of one supercontinent called Afro-Eurasia . With an estimated population of 460 million and an area of 24,346,000 km ² -LRB- 9,400,000 mi ² -RRB- , the northernmost of the two continents of the Western Hemisphere is bounded by the Pacific Ocean on the west ; the Atlantic Ocean on the east ; the Caribbean Sea , Atlantic and Pacific oceans , and South America on the south ; and the Arctic Ocean on the north . The northern half of North America is sparsely populated and covered mostly by Canada , except for the northeastern portion , which is occupied by Greenland , and the northwestern portion , which is occupied by Alaska , the largest state of the U.S. . The central and southern portions of the continent are represented by the United States , Mexico , and numerous smaller states primarily in Central America and in the Caribbean . The continent is delimited on the southeast by most geographers at the Darién watershed along the Colombia-Panama border , placing all of Panama within North America . Alternatively , a less common view would end North America at the man-made Panama Canal . Islands generally associated with North America include Greenland , the world 's largest island , and archipelagos and islands in the Caribbean . The terminology of the Americas is complex , but `` Anglo-America '' can describe Canada and the U.S. , while `` Latin America '' comprises Mexico and the countries of Central America and the Caribbean , as well as the entire continent of South America . Natural features of North America include the northern portion of the American Cordillera , represented by the geologically new Rocky Mountains in the west ; and the considerably older Appalachian Mountains to the east . The north hosts an abundance of glacial lakes formed during the last glacial period , including the Great Lakes . North America 's major continental divide is the Great Divide , which runs north and south down through Rocky Mountains . The major watersheds all drain to the east : The Mississippi/Missouri and Rio Grande into the Gulf of Mexico , and St. Lawrence into the Atlantic . Climate is determined to a large extent by the latitude , ranging from Arctic cold in the north to tropical heat in the south . The western half of North America tends to have milder and wetter climate than other areas with equivalent latitude , although there are steppes -LRB- known as `` prairies '' -RRB- in the central and western portions , and deserts in the Southwestern United States of Arizona , Colorado , California , Nevada , New Mexico , Utah , Oklahoma , and Texas ; along with the Mexican states of Baja California , Baja California Sur , Sonora , Chihuahua , Coahuila , Nuevo Leon and Tamaulipas . ", "Thuarea is a genus of plants in the grass family , native to Asia , Africa , Australia , and various islands of the Indian and Pacific Oceans . Species Thuarea involuta -LRB- G.Forst . -RRB- R.Br . ex Sm . - Madagascar , China , Japan -LRB- incl Bonin , Volcano , Ryukyu Is -RRB- , Bangladesh , Sri Lanka , Indian Islands -LRB- Andaman , Nicobar , Laccadive -RRB- , Thailand , Vietnam , Cambodia , Malaysia , Indonesia , Philippines , Papuasia , Queensland , Northern Territory , Melanesia , Micronesia , Hawaii . Thuarea perrieri A.Camus - Madagascar " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 0 ]

[ "Watertown,_Massachusetts", "Watertown_Bridge", "Greater_Boston", "Chinese_Americans_in_Boston", "Bemis_-LRB-Watertown,_Massachusetts-RRB-" ]

[ "The Town of Watertown is a city in Middlesex County , Massachusetts , United States . It is part of the Greater Boston area . The population was 31,915 at the 2010 census . Watertown is one of fourteen Massachusetts municipalities that have applied for , and been granted , city forms of government but wish to retain `` The town of '' in their official names . Watertown is made up of six neighborhoods : Bemis , Brigham -LRB- Brigham Historic District -RRB- , Coolidge Square , East Watertown , Watertown Square and the West End . ", "The Watertown Bridge is a five-lane traffic bridge over the Charles River , carrying Rt. 16 and Galen Street . It connects Watertown Square on the north side and Watertown Yard on the south side of Watertown , Massachusetts . Pedestrian walkways line each side . ", "Greater Boston is the metropolitan region of New England encompassing the municipality of Boston , the capital of the US state of Massachusetts , and the most populous city in New England , as well as its surrounding areas . The region forms the northern arc of the US northeast megalopolis and as such , Greater Boston can be described as either a metropolitan statistical area -LRB- MSA -RRB- , or as a broader combined statistical area -LRB- CSA -RRB- . The MSA consists of most of the eastern third of Massachusetts , excluding the South Coast region and Cape Cod ; while the CSA additionally includes the municipalities of Manchester -LRB- the largest city in the US state of New Hampshire -RRB- , Providence -LRB- the capital and largest city of the US state of Rhode Island -RRB- , Worcester , Massachusetts -LRB- the second largest city in New England -RRB- , as well as the South Coast region and Cape Cod in Massachusetts . Some of Greater Boston 's most well-known contributions to human civilization involve the region 's higher education institutions and sports culture . Greater Boston has been influential upon American history and industry . The region and the state of Massachusetts are global leaders in biotechnology , engineering , higher education , finance , and maritime trade . Over 80 % of Massachusetts ' population lives in the Greater Boston metropolitan region . Greater Boston is ranked tenth in population among US metropolitan statistical areas , home to 4,732,161 people as of the 2014 US Census estimate , and sixth among combined statistical areas , with a population of 8,099,575 . The area has hosted many people and sites significant to American culture and history , particularly American literature , politics , and the American Revolution . Plymouth was the site of the first colony in New England , founded in 1620 by the Pilgrims , passengers of the Mayflower . In 1692 , the town of Salem and surrounding areas experienced one of America 's most infamous cases of mass hysteria , the Salem witch trials . In the late 18th century , Boston became known as the `` Cradle of Liberty '' for the agitation there that led to the American Revolution . The Greater Boston region has played a powerful commercial and cultural role in the history of the United States . Before the American Civil War , the region was a center for the abolitionist , temperance , and transcendentalist movements . In 2004 , Massachusetts became the first US state to legally recognize same-sex marriage as a result of the decision of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court in Boston . Many prominent American political dynasties have hailed from the Boston region , including the Adams and Kennedy families . Harvard University in Cambridge is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States , with the largest financial endowment of any university , and whose Law School has spawned a contemporaneous majority of United States Supreme Court Justices . Kendall Square in Cambridge has been called `` the most innovative square mile on the planet '' , in reference to the high concentration of entrepreneurial start-ups and quality of innovation which have emerged in the vicinity of the square since 2010 . Both Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology , also in Cambridge , have been ranked among the most highly regarded academic institutions in the world . ", "The Boston metropolitan area has an active Chinese American community . As of 2013 , the Boston Chinatown was the third largest Chinatown in the United States , and there are also Chinese populations in the suburbs of Greater Boston , including Quincy , Malden , Acton , Newton , and Lexington . As of 2006 , Boston , Quincy , Malden , Newton , Brookline , and Cambridge house about half of all of the ethnic Chinese in Massachusetts , and as a whole , Chinese constituted the largest Asian ethnic group in the state . ", "Bemis is a neighborhood located in the southwest corner of Watertown , Massachusetts , United States . It is bounded by Main Street to the north , the Charles River to the south , and the City of Waltham to the west . The neighborhood derives its name from Seth Bemis -LRB- 1775 -- 1851 -RRB- , who ran mills on both sides of the river near Bridge Street , including the Bemis Mill , which is located just across the Charles River at 1 -- 3 Bridge Street , in Newton , and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places . Seth was the father of George Bemis -LRB- October 13 , 1816 -- January 5 , 1878 -RRB- , a successful lawyer and legal scholar . Bemis Park is located in this neighborhood . " ]

[ 1, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Caesar_-LRB-Mercury_Theatre-RRB-", "Black_Caesar_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Film_adaptation", "Induction_-LRB-play-RRB-", "Gaius_Marcius_Coriolanus" ]

[ "Caesar is the title of Orson Welles 's innovative 1937 adaptation of William Shakespeare 's Julius Caesar , a modern-dress bare-stage production that evoked comparison to contemporary Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany . Considered Welles 's highest achievement in the theatre , it premiered November 11 , 1937 , as the first production of the Mercury Theatre , an independent repertory theatre company that presented an acclaimed series of productions on Broadway through 1941 . ", "Black Caesar -LRB- released theatrically in the UK as Godfather of Harlem -RRB- is a 1973 American blaxploitation crime drama film , starring Fred Williamson , Gloria Hendry and Julius Harris . The film was written and directed by Larry Cohen . Black Caesar is a remake of the 1931 film Little Caesar . It features a musical score -LRB- Black Caesar -RRB- by James Brown -LRB- with heavy input from his bandleader Fred Wesley -RRB- , his first experience with writing music for film . A sequel titled Hell Up in Harlem was released in late 1973 . ", "A film adaptation is the transfer of a written work , in whole or in part , to a feature film . Although often considered a type of derivative work , recent academic developments by scholars such as Robert Stam conceptualize film adaptation as a dialogic process . A common form of film adaptation is the use of a novel as the basis of a feature film . Other works adapted into films include non-fiction -LRB- including journalism -RRB- , autobiography , comic books , scriptures , plays , historical sources , and even other films . From the earliest days of cinema , in nineteenth-century Europe , adaptation from such diverse resources has been a ubiquitous practice of filmmaking . ", "An induction in a play is an explanatory scene , summary or other text that stands outside and apart from the main action with the intent to comment on it , moralize about it or in the case of dumb show to summarize the plot or underscore what is afoot . Typically , an induction precedes the main text of a play . Inductions are a common feature of plays written and performed in the Renaissance period , including those of Shakespeare . While Shakespeare plays do not typically have inductions , they are sometimes depicted as part of the device of the play within the play . Examples include the dumb show in Hamlet and the address to the audience by Puck in A Midsummer Night 's Dream . Another example , in The Spanish Tragedy by Thomas Kyd , is the introduction to that play by the ghost of Andrea who preps the audience by laying out the story to come . Likewise , Shakespeare 's The Taming of the Shrew opens with induction scenes which involve characters watching the play proper . ", "Gaius Marcius -LRB- Caius Martius -RRB- Coriolanus -LRB- -LSB- ˌkɔriəˈleɪnəs , _ ˌkɒr - -RSB- -RRB- was a Roman general who is said to have lived in the 5th century BC . He received his toponymic cognomen `` Coriolanus '' because of his exceptional valor in a Roman siege of the Volscian city of Corioli . He was subsequently exiled from Rome , and led troops of Rome 's enemy the Volsci to besiege Rome . In later ancient times , it was generally accepted by historians that Coriolanus was a real historical individual , and a consensus narrative story of his life appeared , retold by leading historians such as Livy , Plutarch , and Dionysius of Halicarnassus . More recent scholarship has cast doubt on the historicity of Coriolanus , with some portraying him as either a wholly legendary figure or at least disputing the accuracy of the conventional story of his life or the timing of the events . According to Plutarch , his ancestors included prominent patricians such as Censorinus and even an early King of Rome . The story is the basis for the tragedy of Coriolanus , written by William Shakespeare , and a number of other works , including Beethoven 's Coriolan Overture -LRB- based not on Shakespeare but on the play Coriolan by Heinrich Joseph von Collin -RRB- . " ]

[ 2, 1, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "Quay_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Union_Wharf", "Central_Wharf_-LRB-Boston-RRB-", "The_Bostonians_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Parade's_End_-LRB-TV_series-RRB-" ]

[ "Quay is a 2015 British short documentary film composed , shot , edited , produced , and directed by Christopher Nolan about animators Stephen and Timothy Quay . The film premiered at the Film Forum theatre in New York City on 19 August 2015 . ", "Union Wharf is an historic wharf at 295-353 Commercial Street in the North End of Boston , Massachusetts . The wharf began as a more modest wooden structure in the late 18th century , and was developed with a complex of granite buildings roughly between 1830 and 1850 . It was one of the major centers of trade on the Port of Boston in the mid-19th century , and served as a passenger terminal later in the 19th century . The wharf and buildings were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980 . ", "Central Wharf is a historic pier in Boston , Massachusetts . Built in 1815 -- 1816 between Long Wharf and India Wharf , it originally extended from India Street nearly a quarter-mile into Boston Harbor . Today , the much-shortened wharf -LRB- due to land reclamation on the city end -RRB- serves as the home of the New England Aquarium . ", "The Bostonians is a 1984 British romantic drama film based on Henry James 's novel of the same name . The film stars Vanessa Redgrave , Christopher Reeve , Madeleine Potter and Jessica Tandy . The movie received respectable reviews and showings at arthouse theaters in New York , London and other cities . Vanessa Redgrave received 1984 Golden Globe and Academy Award nominations for Best Actress , and the movie earned other award nominations for its costume design . It was filmed in Boston , Martha 's Vineyard , Belvedere Castle in Central Park , New York City , and Troy , New York . ", "Parade 's End is a five-part BBC/HBO/VRT television serial , which is an adaptation of the tetralogy of novels -LRB- 1924-28 -RRB- of the same name by Ford Madox Ford . It premiered on BBC Two on 24 August 2012 and on HBO on 26 February 2013 . The series was also screened at the 39th Ghent Film Festival on 11 October 2012 . Its five episodes were directed by Susanna White and written by Tom Stoppard . The cast was led by Benedict Cumberbatch and Rebecca Hall as Christopher and Sylvia Tietjens , along with Adelaide Clemens , Rupert Everett , Miranda Richardson , Anne-Marie Duff , Roger Allam , Janet McTeer , Freddie Fox , Jack Huston , and Steven Robertson . The series received widespread critical acclaim and is often cited as `` the highbrow Downton Abbey '' . In its BBC Two premiere , it attracted 3.5 million viewers , making it BBC Two 's most watched drama since Rome aired in 2005 . The miniseries received six BAFTA TV nominations including Best Actress for Rebecca Hall and five Primetime Emmy Award nominations including Best Adapted Screenplay for Tom Stoppard and Best Actor for Benedict Cumberbatch . It won Best Costume Design at the BAFTAs . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 1 ]