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nikchar

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retrieval_verification_roberta

like 0

[ "Veep", "68th_Primetime_Emmy_Awards", "Timothy_Simons", "Nam_Le", "People's_Choice_Award_for_Favorite_Band" ]

[ "Veep is an American political satire comedy television series , starring Julia Louis-Dreyfus , that premiered on HBO on April 22 , 2012 . The series was created by Armando Iannucci as an adaptation of the British sitcom The Thick of It . Veep is set in the office of Selina Meyer , a fictional Vice President , and subsequent President , of the United States . The series follows Meyer and her team as they attempt to make their mark and leave a lasting legacy without getting tripped up in the day-to-day political games that define Washington , D.C. Veep has received critical acclaim and won several major awards . It has been nominated five years in a row for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Comedy Series , winning the award for its fourth and fifth seasons . Its second and fourth seasons won the Writers Guild of America Award for Television : Comedy Series , with the third season winning the Television Critics Association Award for Outstanding Achievement in Comedy . Louis-Dreyfus has won five consecutive Primetime Emmy Awards , two Screen Actors Guild Award , two Critics ' Choice Television Awards and one Television Critics Association Award for her performance . Supporting cast members Anna Chlumsky and Tony Hale have both received four consecutive Emmy nominations for their work on the series , including Hale winning in 2013 and 2015 . The series ' 10-episode sixth season premiered on April 16 , 2017 . Veep has been renewed for a seventh season , which will premiere in 2018 . ", "The 68th Primetime Emmy Awards honored the best in U.S. prime time television programming from June 1 , 2015 until May 31 , 2016 , as chosen by the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences . The ceremony was held on Sunday , September 18 , 2016 at the Microsoft Theater in Downtown Los Angeles , California , and was broadcast in the U.S. by ABC . The ceremony was hosted by Jimmy Kimmel . It was preceded by the 68th Primetime Creative Arts Emmy Awards , which took place over two nights , September 10 and 11 , at the Microsoft Theater . Crime anthology The People v. O. J. Simpson : American Crime Story won five major awards , the most awards of the night , while fantasy drama Game of Thrones won three , including Outstanding Drama Series and surpassing Frasier -LRB- 37 -RRB- as the fictional television program with the most Primetime Emmy Awards with 38 wins in six seasons . The political satire series Veep also won Outstanding Comedy Series for the second time in a row , while its producer and lead star Julia Louis-Dreyfus established a new record of wins for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series ; it was her fifth consecutive win for the series and sixth overall in the category . ", "Timothy Simons -LRB- born June 12 , 1978 -RRB- is an American actor and comedian best known for his role as Jonah Ryan on the HBO television series Veep , for which he has received three nominations for the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series . He has also had acting roles in the films The Interview , Christine , and The Boss . ", "Nam Le -LRB- born 1978 -RRB- is a Vietnamese-born Australian writer , who won the Dylan Thomas Prize for his book The Boat , a collection of short stories . His stories have been published in many places including Best Australian Stories 2007 , Best New American Voices , Zoetrope : All-Story , A Public Space and One Story . In 2008 he was named a 3 under 35 honoree by the National Book Foundation . ", "Category : People 's Choice Awards " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 0, 0 ]

[ "Coins_of_the_Swiss_franc", "Bullion_coin", "Mandats_territoriaux", "Legal_basis_of_official_statistics_in_Switzerland", "Ecuadorian_centavo_coins" ]

[ "The coins of the Swiss franc are the official coins used in Switzerland and Liechtenstein . The name of the subunit is Centime in French , Rappen in German , Centisimo in Italian and Rap in Romansh . There are coins in denominations of 5 centimes , 10 centimes , 20 centimes , 1/2 franc -LRB- 50 centimes -RRB- , 1 franc , 2 francs and 5 francs . In the past , there were also coins of 1 and 2 centimes . ", "A bullion coin is a coin struck from precious metal and kept as a store of value or an investment , rather than used in day-to-day commerce . The United Kingdom defines investment coins more specifically as coins that have been minted after 1800 , have a purity of not less than 900 thousandths and are , or have been , legal tender in their country of origin . Under United States law , `` coins '' that fail the last of these requirements are not coins at all , and must be advertised as `` rounds '' instead . Bullion coins are usually available in both gold and silver , with the exceptions of the Krugerrand -LRB- note in 2017 the first silver Krugerrand was minted -RRB- and the Swiss Vreneli which are only available in gold . The American Eagle series is available in gold , silver and platinum , and the Canadian Maple Leaf series is available in gold , silver , platinum , and palladium . Bullion coins are typically available in various weights . These are usually multiples or fractions of 1 troy ounce , but some bullion coins are produced in very limited quantities in kilograms or heavier . Bullion coins sell for a premium over the market price of the metal on the commodities exchanges . Reasons include their comparative small size and the costs associated with manufacture , storage and distribution . The amount of the premium varies depending on the coin 's type and weight and the precious metal . The premium also is affected by prevailing demand . The ISO currency code for gold bullion is XAU . ISO 4217 includes codes not only for currencies , but also for precious metals -LRB- gold , silver , palladium and platinum ; by definition expressed per one troy ounce , as compared to `` 1 USD '' -RRB- and certain other entities used in international finance , e.g. special drawing rights . ", "Mandats territoriaux were paper bank notes issued as currency by the French Directory in 1796 to replace the assignats which had become virtually worthless . They were land-warrants supposedly redeemable in the lands confiscated from royalty , the clergy and the church after the outbreak of the French Revolution in 1789 . In February 1796 , 800,000,000 francs of mandats were issued as legal tender to replace the 24,000,000,000 francs of assignats then outstanding . In all about 2,500,000,000 francs of mandats were issued . They were heavily counterfeited and their value depreciated rapidly within six months . In February 1797 , they lost their legal tender quality and by May were worth virtually nothing . ", "The legal basis of official statistics in Switzerland is the Swiss Federal Constitution . Article 65 of the Swiss Federal Constitution sets out the mandate and competencies of official statistics . The legal bases of Swiss official statistics are set out in more detail in the Federal Statistics Act of 9 October 1992 . The Federal Statistics Act formulates the tasks and organisation of federal statistics as well as basic principles relating to statistical data collection , publications and services . In particular , it outlines the principles of data protection . Being the largest and oldest statistical survey , the census is governed by its own law -LRB- promulgated on 22 June 2007 -RRB- . This also applies to the simplified collection of data thanks to the harmonisation of population and other official personal registers , which is mentioned in Art. 65 of the Constitution . Various ordinances add detail to the provisions in the above-named laws -- concerning matters such as the organisation of federal statistics , the conduct of federal statistical surveys , fees for statistical services provided by administrative units of the Confederation , the Business and Enterprise Register and the Register of Buildings and Dwellings . ", "Ecuadorian centavo coins were introduced in 2000 when Ecuador converted its currency from the sucre to the U.S. dollar . The coins are in denominations of 1 , 5 , 10 , 25 and 50 centavos and are identical in size and value to their U.S. cent counterparts -LRB- although the U.S. 50-cent coin counterpart is not often seen in circulation -RRB- . They circulate within Ecuador alongside coins and banknotes from the USA . Although U.S. $ 1 coins are rarely used in the U.S. , they are commonly used in Ecuador . Ecuador managed to introduce a $ 1 coin -LRB- Un sucre -RRB- but finally decided to not release in common circulation , only in 2000 coin sets . Ecuador does not issue any banknotes , relying on U.S. issues . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "The_Woodsman_-LRB-2004_film-RRB-", "Kevin_Bacon", "Hollow_Man", "Kevin_Costner", "Alan_Blumenfeld" ]

[ "The Woodsman is a 2004 drama film directed and co-written -LRB- with Steven Fechter -RRB- by Nicole Kassell , based on Fechter 's play of the same name . The movie stars Kevin Bacon as a convicted child molester who must adjust to life after prison . The movie 's name refers to the woodsman from the fairy tale of Little Red Riding Hood who kills the wolf to save the titular child . ", "Kevin Norwood Bacon -LRB- born July 8 , 1958 -RRB- is an American actor and musician . His notable films include musical-drama film Footloose -LRB- 1984 -RRB- , the controversial historical conspiracy legal thriller JFK -LRB- 1991 -RRB- , the legal drama A Few Good Men -LRB- 1992 -RRB- , the historical docudrama Apollo 13 -LRB- 1995 -RRB- , and the mystery drama Mystic River -LRB- 2003 -RRB- . Bacon is also known for taking on darker roles such as that of a sadistic guard in Sleepers and troubled former child abuser in a critically acclaimed performance in The Woodsman . Also on television , he starred in the Fox series The Following from 2013 to 2015 . Bacon has won a Golden Globe Award and three Screen Actors Guild Awards , and was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award . The Guardian named him one of the best actors never to have received an Academy Award nomination . In 2003 , Bacon received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for his contributions to the motion pictures industry . Bacon has become an icon for the concept of interconnectedness -LRB- as in social networks -RRB- , having been popularized by the game `` Six Degrees of Kevin Bacon '' . In 2007 , he created SixDegrees.org , a charitable foundation . ", "Hollow Man is a 2000 American-German science fiction horror film directed by Paul Verhoeven and starring Kevin Bacon , Elisabeth Shue and Josh Brolin . Bacon portrays the title character , a scientist who renders himself invisible and goes on a killing spree , a story inspired by H. G. Wells ' novel The Invisible Man . The film was nominated for an Academy Award for Visual Effects in 2001 , but lost to Gladiator . The film is Verhoeven 's most recent American production . In 2013 , Verhoeven remarked to The Hollywood Reporter : `` I decided after Hollow Man , this is a movie , the first movie that I made that I thought I should not have made . It made money and this and that , but it really is not me anymore . I think many other people could have done that . I do n't think many people could have made RoboCop that way , or either Starship Troopers . But Hollow Man , I thought there might have been 20 directors in Hollywood who could have done that . I felt depressed with myself after 2002 . '' It partly contributed in his return to the Netherlands , his home country , where he made Black Book in 2006 , which was considered a return to form . A direct-to-video stand-alone sequel called Hollow Man 2 starring Christian Slater and Peter Facinelli was released in 2006 . ", "Kevin Michael Costner -LRB- born January 18 , 1955 -RRB- is an American actor , director , producer , and musician . His accolades include two Academy Awards , three Golden Globe Awards , and one Emmy Award . Costner has played Eliot Ness in The Untouchables , Crash Davis in Bull Durham , Ray Kinsella in Field of Dreams , Lt. John J. Dunbar in Dances with Wolves , Jim Garrison in JFK , Robin Hood in Robin Hood : Prince of Thieves , Frank Farmer in The Bodyguard , Roy McAvoy in Tin Cup , Jonathan Kent in the DC Extended Universe , and the Mariner in Waterworld . He directed , produced , and starred in The Postman . In television , Costner won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Miniseries or a Movie , the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor -- Miniseries or Television Film , and the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Miniseries or Television Movie for his role as Devil Anse Hatfield in Hatfields & McCoys -LRB- 2012 -RRB- . ", "Alan Blumenfeld -LRB- born September 4 , 1952 -RRB- is a veteran American character actor best known for his role in NBC 's TV series Heroes as Maury Parkman , the telepath father of Matt Parkman played by Greg Grunberg , and as Bob Buss in the telefilm 2gether . He has played Greg Grunberg 's father in both Felicity and Heroes . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "Ann_Biderman", "Akiko_Ichikawa", "Mierle_Laderman_Ukeles", "New_York_Woman", "Edith_Hillinger" ]

[ "Ann Biderman -LRB- born August 15 , 1951 -RRB- is an American film and television writer . She is the creator and executive producer of the NBC/TNT series Southland -LRB- 2009 -- 2013 -RRB- , and won an Emmy Award for Outstanding Individual Achievement in Writing in a Drama Series for an episode of NYPD Blue . She created , wrote , and produced '' Ray Donovan . ", "is a New York City-based interdisciplinary visual artist , writer , and editor . She has exhibited her work in The Hague , Berlin , Washington D.C. , Newark , St. Paul , Minnesota , and Incheon , South Korea , as well as in New York City 's Brooklyn , Queens , Manhattan , and the Bronx . She has also written on contemporary and 20th century art and culture for Flash Art , Hyperallergic , and zingmagazine . ", "Mierle Laderman Ukeles -LRB- born 1939 , Denver , Colorado -RRB- is a New York City-based artist known for her feminist and service-oriented artwork , which relates the idea of process in conceptual art to domestic and civic `` maintenance '' . ", "New York Woman was a magazine that blended features on fashion and the arts , literary and humorous essays , and consumer-oriented services pieces such as reviews of restaurants , shops or films . Its target audience was intelligent women living in the New York Metropolitan area . It was launched as a bimonthly by the Esquire Magazine Group Inc. in 1986 . The first issue was published in September-October of that year . The mergers-and-acquisitions specialist Bruce Wasserstein of Wasserstein Perella reportedly brokered the magazine 's sale to American Express Publishing , publisher of Travel + Leisure and Food & Wine . New York Woman '' 's founding publisher was Julie Lewit-Nirenberg , who was later the founding publisher of Mirabella , often referred to as a smart woman 's fashion magazine . Later she was a director of special projects at Conde-Nast . The magazine 's founding editor was Betsy Carter -LRB- who went on to work for O , The Oprah Magazine , Oprah Winfrey 's magazine -RRB- . The French graphic designer Fabien Baron used his creative director position at the magazine as an opportunity to further develop relationships with important clients in the fashion business such as Barneys and Calvin Klein . After leaving New York Woman , Baron continued to earn accolades for his fashion-oriented work in advertising and for magazines such as Harper 's Bazaar . Writers included the playwright Wendy Wasserstein , the Andy Warhol superstar Viva , the sociologist Barbara Ehrenreich , the comedy writer Merrill Markoe , the actress Theresa Meeker and Maureen Orth , who later wrote for Vanity Fair magazine.New York Woman '' ceased publication in 1992 . ", "Edith Hillinger -LRB- 1933 -RRB- is a California artist who primarily creates watercolor paintings and mixed media collages . She was born in 1933 in Berlin , Germany . In 1937 , her family fled to Turkey , where they lived in Istanbul and Ankara . In 1948 , the family moved to New York , New York , where Hillinger eventually began her formal art education at Cooper Union . She now lives and works in Berkeley , California . She is the daughter of architect Franz Hillinger . " ]

[ 1, 0, 2, 2, 0 ]

[ "Florida_State_University", "Florida_A&M_University", "Florida_State–Virginia_football_rivalry", "Tallahassee_in_popular_culture", "List_of_universities_and_colleges_affiliated_with_the_Churches_of_Christ" ]

[ "Florida State University -LRB- commonly referred to as Florida State or FSU -RRB- is an American public space-grant and sea-grant research university . Its primary campus is located on a 1,391.54-acre -LRB- 5.631 km2 -RRB- campus in Tallahassee , Florida , United States . It is a senior member of the State University System of Florida . Founded in 1851 , it is located on the oldest continuous site of higher education in the state of Florida . The university is classified as a Research University with Very High Research by the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching . The university comprises 16 separate colleges and more than 110 centers , facilities , labs and institutes that offer more than 360 programs of study , including professional school programs . The university has an annual budget of over $ 1.7 billion and an annual economic impact of over $ 10 billion . Florida State is home to Florida 's only National Laboratory -- the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory and is the birthplace of the commercially viable anti-cancer drug Taxol . Florida State University also operates The John & Mable Ringling Museum of Art , the State Art Museum of Florida and one of the largest museum/university complexes in the nation . The university is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools -LRB- SACS -RRB- . Florida State University is home to nationally ranked programs in many academic areas , including law , business , engineering , medicine , social policy , film , music , theater , dance , visual art , political science , psychology , social work , and the sciences . Florida State University leads Florida in four of eight areas of external funding for the STEM disciplines -LRB- Science , Technology , Engineering and Math -RRB- . FSU officially launched the `` Raise the Torch : The Campaign for Florida State '' on October 17 , 2014 . The campaign has a fundraising goal of more than $ 1 billion which will improve academics , research , and the overall student experience . As of September 30 , 2016 , Florida State University 's `` Raise the Torch '' campaign has raised $ 938,972,249 . For 2017 , U.S. News & World Report ranked Florida State as the 38th best public university in the United States . Florida Governor Rick Scott and the state legislature designated Florida State University as one of two `` preeminent '' state universities in the spring of 2013 among the twelve universities of the State University System of Florida . FSU 's intercollegiate sports teams , commonly known by their `` Florida State Seminoles '' nickname , compete in National Collegiate Athletic Association -LRB- NCAA -RRB- Division I and the Atlantic Coast Conference -LRB- ACC -RRB- . In their 113-year history , Florida State 's varsity sports teams have won 20 national athletic championships and Seminole athletes have won 78 individual NCAA national championships . ", "Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University , commonly known as FAMU , is a public , historically black university in Tallahassee , Florida , United States . Florida A&M University was founded on the highest of seven hills in Tallahassee , Florida on October 3 , 1887 . It is one of the largest historically black universities in the United States by enrollment and the only public historically black university in Florida . It is a member institution of the State University System of Florida , as well as one of the state 's land grant universities , and is accredited to award baccalaureate , master 's and doctoral degrees by the Commission on Colleges of the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools . The university is a member-school of the Thurgood Marshall College Fund . The 2017 edition of the U.S. News & World Report college rankings placed the university # 1 among public HBCUs and # 7 among all HBCUs . In 2016 , FAMU was promoted to the second degree R2 : Doctoral University - Higher Research Activity in the Carnegie Classifications by the Indiana University Center for Postsecondary Research . In 2015 , the National Science Foundation ranked Florida A&M University as the # 1 HBCU in the nation for total research and development expenditures . ", "The Florida State -- Virginia football rivalry is an American college football rivalry between the Florida State Seminoles football team of Florida State University and Virginia Cavaliers football team of the University of Virginia . The Jefferson -- Eppes Trophy is awarded to the winner of the game . The trophy was created in 1995 and was named for former President of the United States and founder of the University of Virginia , Thomas Jefferson , and Francis W. Eppes VII , Jefferson 's grandson and two-time mayor of Tallahassee , and president of the Board of Trustees of the West Florida Seminary , now Florida State University . Although the game is played for a trophy , it is not considered a significant rivalry . Virginia 's biggest rivalries are with Virginia Tech for the Commonwealth Cup and North Carolina in the South 's Oldest Rivalry . FSU 's most meaningful rivalries are with Florida and Miami . When the ACC split into divisions in 2005 , the annual rivalry between Florida State and Virginia ceased , as the Seminoles were assigned to the Atlantic Division and the Cavaliers to the Coastal Division . Though each team in the ACC plays an annual game against one designated cross-divisional rival , both teams ' more historic rivals were awarded these positions -LRB- Maryland for Virginia , Miami for Florida State -RRB- . As a result , Florida State and Virginia have not played on an annual basis since 2006 . ", "Tallahassee has been represented well in popular culture through the years . Moreover , Tallahassee has many references on books , television , motion pictures and music because Tallahassee is home to three major colleges and universities , is a mid-to-large sized city in Florida , and also it is the capital of the state . ", "Universities and colleges affiliated with the Churches of Christ include these institutions : Florida College has a loose affiliation with the churches of Christ -LRB- non-institutional -RRB- , but the relationship is informal in nature . Churches of Christ Universities and colleges affiliated Churches of Christ " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Donald_Duck", "Donald_Duck_in_comics", "Donald_Duck_Party", "Sombrero,_Anguilla", "Dolores_Gonzales" ]

[ "Donald Duck is a cartoon character created in 1934 at Walt Disney Productions . Donald is an anthropomorphic white duck with a yellow-orange bill , legs , and feet . He typically wears a sailor shirt and cap with a bow tie . Donald is most famous for his semi-intelligible speech and his mischievous and temperamental personality . Along with his friend Mickey Mouse , Donald is one of the most popular Disney characters and was included in TV Guide 's list of the 50 greatest cartoon characters of all time in 2002 . He has appeared in more films than any other Disney character , and is the most published comic book character in the world outside of the superhero genre . Donald Duck rose to fame with his comedic roles in animated cartoons . Donald 's first appearance was in 1934 in The Wise Little Hen , but it was his second appearance in Orphan 's Benefit which introduced him as a temperamental comic foil to Mickey Mouse . Throughout the next two decades , Donald appeared in over 150 theatrical films , several of which were recognized at the Academy Awards . In the 1930s , he typically appeared as part of a comic trio with Mickey and Goofy and was given his own film series in 1937 starting with Don Donald . These films introduced Donald 's love interest Daisy Duck and often included his three nephews Huey , Dewey , and Louie . After the 1956 film Chips Ahoy , Donald appeared primarily in educational films before eventually returning to theatrical animation in Mickey 's Christmas Carol -LRB- 1983 -RRB- . His most recent appearance in a theatrical film was 1999 's Fantasia 2000 . Donald has also appeared in direct-to-video features such as Mickey , Donald , Goofy : The Three Musketeers -LRB- 2004 -RRB- , television series such as Mickey Mouse Clubhouse -LRB- 2006 -- 2016 -RRB- , and video games such as QuackShot -LRB- 1991 -RRB- . Beyond animation , Donald is primarily known for his appearances in comics . Donald was most famously drawn by Al Taliaferro , Carl Barks , and Don Rosa . Barks , in particular , is credited for greatly expanding the `` Donald Duck universe '' , the world in which Donald lives , and creating many additional characters such as Donald 's rich uncle Scrooge McDuck . Donald has been a very popular character in Europe , particularly in Nordic countries where his weekly magazine Donald Duck & Co was the most popular comics publication from the 1950s to 2009 . Disney comics ' fandom is sometimes referred to as `` Donaldism '' , a term which originated in Norway -LRB- Donaldisme -RRB- . ", "Donald Duck , a cartoon character created by the Walt Disney Company , is today the star of dozens of comic-book and comic-strip stories published each month -LRB- in certain parts of the world , each week -RRB- around the world . ", "The Donald Duck Party is a Swedish joke political party named after the Disney character Donald Duck . The party has received joke or protest votes without actually existing for several years ; however , before the Swedish general election , 2002 , Malmö citizen Bosse Persson had ballots made for the party -LRB- as well as for several other frivolous parties -RRB- . Contrary to popular belief , however , the party was never officially registered with the Election Authority . At the very most , the Donald Duck Party has scored enough write-in votes at points theoretically to be the country 's ninth-most popular -LRB- in 1991 , it received 1,535 votes -RRB- . In the 2002 national election , the party received 10 votes from pre-printed ballots and an unknown number of hand-written ballots . In the 2006 elections , the party -LRB- including all spellings -RRB- received 225 votes , placing it in the middle of the pack - 21st place out of about 40 parties running for office . All votes were write-in . In the 2010 elections , the party received 107 votes , making it the largest party without pre-printed ballots , and the 21st largest party in the Swedish riksdag elections . In the 2014 elections , the party received 133 votes , the 24th most voted for party in the Riksdag elections and the third largest party without pre-printed ballots . ", "Sombrero , also known as Hat Island , is part of the British overseas territory of Anguilla and is the northernmost island of the Lesser Antilles . It lies 54 km north-west of Anguilla across the Dog and Prickly Pear Passage . The distance to Dog Island , the next nearest island of Anguilla , is 38 km . Sombrero is 1.67 km long north-south , and 0.38 km wide . The land area is 0.38 km2 . Originally , when viewed from the sea , the island had the shape of a sombrero hat but guano mining operations have left the island with precipitous sides and a relatively flat top that is 12 m above sea level . The surface of the island is rough , and vegetation is sparse . The guano-mining operation yielded some 3000 tons of phosphate a year by 1870 . By 1890 , the phosphate reserves had been exhausted . ", "Dolores Gonzales -LRB- 1907 -- 1994 -RRB- was a Mexican -- American fashion designer based in Tucson , Arizona . She is best known for blending Native American and Mexican clothing traditions to create distinctive southwest resort wear dresses known as patio dresses , the fiesta dresses , -LRB- also known as the pejorative squaw dress -RRB- . She founded the company Dolores Resort Wear that manufactured dresses for the American market , selling in upscale department stores across the country . He iconic design was appropriated and copied by other designers throughout the southwest becoming seminomas with mid-twentieth century regionalist fashion of the American Southwest . The dress design became the official dress of the American Square-dancing movement . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 2, 1 ]

[ "The_Ellen_Show", "Ellen_-LRB-TV_series-RRB-", "Ellen_DeGeneres", "America's_Got_Talent_-LRB-season_11-RRB-", "Kathy's_So-Called_Reality" ]

[ "The Ellen Show is a television sitcom created by and starring Ellen DeGeneres that was broadcast during the 2001 -- 02 season on CBS . It was DeGeneres 's second attempt at a sitcom , following Ellen on ABC -LRB- 1994 -- 98 -RRB- , but it was unable to attract strong ratings and was quickly cancelled after 13 episodes , leaving 5 episodes unaired . After coming out as a lesbian on her first sitcom , DeGeneres 's character on The Ellen Show , Ellen Richmond , was also a lesbian , although the show did not focus as heavily on the character 's sexuality as did the final season of her first sitcom . The Ellen Show also starred Cloris Leachman , Martin Mull , Kerri Kenney , Jim Gaffigan , and Emily Rutherfurd . ", "Ellen is an American television sitcom that aired on the ABC network from March 29 , 1994 , to July 22 , 1998 , consisting of 109 episodes . The title role is Ellen Morgan , played by stand-up comedian Ellen DeGeneres , a neurotic bookstore owner in her thirties . The title of the series was These Friends of Mine for the first season , but it was subsequently changed to avoid confusion with the NBC series Friends , which premiered in September 1994 . The series centered on Ellen 's dealing with her quirky friends , her family , and the problems of daily life . The series is notable for being one of the first with a main character to come out as gay , which DeGeneres ' character did in the 1997 episode `` The Puppy Episode '' , which aired shortly after DeGeneres publicly revealed that she was gay in real life . This event received a great deal of media exposure , ignited controversy , and prompted ABC to place a parental advisory at the beginning of each episode . The series ' theme song -LRB- used in season 3 onwards -RRB- , `` So Called Friend '' , is by Scottish band Texas . A running gag during the third and fourth seasons was that each episode had a distinct/different opening credits sequence -LRB- often with singing and dancing -RRB- , resulting from Ellen 's ongoing search for the perfect opening credits . ", "Ellen Lee DeGeneres -LRB- -LSB- dᵻˈdʒɛnərᵻs -RSB- born January 26 , 1958 -RRB- is an American comedian , television host , actress , writer , and producer . DeGeneres starred in the popular sitcom Ellen from 1994 to 1998 and has hosted her syndicated TV talk show , The Ellen DeGeneres Show , since 2003 . Her stand-up career started in the early 1980s , and included a 1986 appearance on The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson . As a film actress , DeGeneres starred in Mr. Wrong -LRB- 1996 -RRB- , appeared in EDtv -LRB- 1999 -RRB- , and The Love Letter -LRB- 1999 -RRB- , and provided the voice of Dory in the Pixar animated films Finding Nemo -LRB- 2003 -RRB- and Finding Dory -LRB- 2016 -RRB- ; for Nemo , she was awarded the Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actress , the first time an actress won a Saturn Award for a voice performance . In 2010 , she was a judge on American Idol for its ninth season . She starred in two television sitcoms , Ellen from 1994 to 1998 , and The Ellen Show from 2001 to 2002 . During the fourth season of Ellen in 1997 , she came out as a lesbian in an appearance on The Oprah Winfrey Show . Her character , Ellen Morgan , also came out to a therapist played by Winfrey , and the series went on to explore various LGBT issues , including the coming-out process . This made her the first openly lesbian actress to play an openly lesbian character on television . In 2008 , she married her longtime girlfriend Portia de Rossi . DeGeneres has hosted the Academy Awards , Grammy Awards , and the Primetime Emmys . She has authored three books and started her own record company , Eleveneleven . She has won 29 Emmys , 20 People 's Choice Awards -LRB- more than any other person -RRB- , and numerous other awards for her work and charitable efforts . In 2016 , she received the Presidential Medal of Freedom . ", "Season eleven of the reality competition series America 's Got Talent was ordered on September 1 , 2015 . The season premiered on NBC on Tuesday , May 31 , 2016 . Nick Cannon returned for his eighth and final season as host . Howie Mandel returned for his seventh season as a judge , while Mel B and Heidi Klum returned for their fourth season . Simon Cowell replaced Howard Stern as the fourth judge . The live shows began on July 26 , at the Dolby Theatre in Los Angeles instead of Radio City Music Hall in New York from previous years . Due to the 2016 Summer Olympics broadcast schedule on NBC , the show took a hiatus from August 9 -- 17 . Dunkin' Donuts sponsored the show for a second season , and this season again featured the golden buzzer for each judge and Cannon . Four guest judges joined the panel for the judge 's cuts : George Lopez , Reba McEntire , Ne-Yo , and Louis Tomlinson . Each judge was given a golden buzzer . Grace VanderWaal was announced as the winner on September 14 , 2016 , making her the second female act and the second child act to win the show since season 1 . Mentalist duo , The Clairvoyants , placed second , marking the first time that females placed in the top two positions . Magician Jon Dorenbos , the NFL Long Snapper for the Philadelphia Eagles , placed third . Comedian Tape Face was named the most memorable act of this season . ", "Kathy 's So-Called Reality is a television clip show that aired in 2001 , hosted by comedian and former Suddenly Susan star Kathy Griffin . The show was `` part monologue , part round-table '' , featuring Griffin discussing clips from a variety of reality television shows the week prior with a panel of family and friends . According to Griffin , the reality shows , even the `` scandal-plagued '' Temptation Island , `` amazingly '' contributed clips to be mocked . The show premiered on February 4 , 2001 on MTV , and ended on April 1 , 2001 after airing only six episodes ; the network did not renew the show due to low ratings . USA Today columnist Whitney Matheson wrote that the show `` seemed to be struggling for content , '' and `` all the good jokes are taken by the time Kathy 's weekly rant sees airtime . '' " ]

[ 0, 0, 1, 1, 0 ]

[ "Malta", "Languages_of_Malta", "Maltese_language", "John_Matthew_Rispoli", "Catholic_Church" ]

[ "Malta -LRB- -LSB- ˈmɒltə -RSB- -LSB- ˈmɐltɐ -RSB- -RRB- , officially known as the Republic of Malta -LRB- Repubblika ta ' Malta -RRB- , is a Southern European island country consisting of an archipelago in the Mediterranean Sea . It lies 80 km south of Italy , 284 km east of Tunisia , and 333 km north of Libya . The country covers just over 316 km2 , with a population of just under 450,000 , making it one of the world 's smallest and most densely populated countries . The capital of Malta is Valletta , which at 0.8 km2 , is the smallest national capital in the European Union by area . Malta has one national language , which is Maltese , and English as an official language . Malta 's location in the middle of the Mediterranean has historically given it great strategic importance as a naval base , and a succession of powers , including the Phoenicians , Carthaginians , Greeks , Romans , Byzantines , Moors , Normans , Sicilians , Spanish , Knights of St. John , French and British , have ruled the islands . King George VI of the United Kingdom awarded the George Cross to Malta in 1942 for the country 's bravery in the Second World War . The George Cross continues to appear on Malta 's national flag . Under the Malta Independence Act , passed by the British Parliament in 1964 , Malta gained independence from the United Kingdom as an independent sovereign Commonwealth realm , officially known from 1964 to 1974 as the State of Malta , with Elizabeth II as its head of state . The country became a republic in 1974 , and although no longer a Commonwealth realm , remains a member state of the Commonwealth of Nations . Malta was admitted to the United Nations in 1964 and to the European Union in 2004 ; in 2008 , it became part of the Eurozone . Malta has a long Christian legacy and its Archdiocese of Malta is claimed to be an apostolic see because , according to Acts of the Apostles , St Paul was shipwrecked on `` Melita '' , now widely taken to be Malta . Catholicism is the official religion in Malta . Malta is a popular tourist destination with its warm climate , numerous recreational areas , and architectural and historical monuments , including three UNESCO World Heritage Sites : Ħal Saflieni Hypogeum , Valletta , and seven Megalithic Temples , which are some of the oldest free-standing structures in the world . ", "Malta has two official languages : Maltese and English . Maltese is also the national language . Until 1934 Italian was also an official language in Malta . Having been governed by many different countries in the past , the Maltese population is generally able to converse in languages which are not native to the country , namely English and Italian . According to the Eurobarometer poll conducted in 2012 , 98 % of Maltese people can speak Maltese , 88 % can speak English , 66 % can speak Italian , and more than 17 % speak French . This shows a recent increase in the fluency of languages , since in 1995 , only 98 % of the population spoke Maltese , 76 % English , 36 % Italian , and 10 % French . Surprisingly , it also shows an increase in Italian fluency compared to when Italian was an official language of Malta . French , German and Spanish are the other main languages studied in secondary and tertiary education . ", "Maltese -LRB- links = no -RRB- is the national language of Malta and a co-official language of the country alongside English , while also serving as an official language of the European Union , the only Semitic language so distinguished . Maltese is descended from Siculo-Arabic , the variety of Arabic that developed in Sicily and was later introduced to Malta , between the end of the ninth century and the end of the twelfth century . Maltese is a unique branch of Arabic because it has evolved independently of Literary Arabic into a standardized language over the past 800 years in a gradual process of Latinisation . The original Semitic base -LRB- Siculo-Arabic -RRB- comprises around one-third of the Maltese vocabulary , especially words that denote basic ideas and the function words , but about half of the vocabulary is derived from standard Italian and Sicilian ; and English words make up between 6 % and 20 % of the vocabulary . Maltese has always been written in the Latin script , the earliest surviving example dating from the late Middle Ages . ", "John Matthew Rispoli -LRB- 17 August 1582 -- 6 April 1639 -RRB- was a major Maltese philosopher of great erudition . He was held in high esteem by the Grand Masters of the Knights Hospitaller Order , the Bishops of Malta , the Viceroys of Sicily , cardinals , bishops , inquisitors , and the common people . Perhaps the most eminent Maltese philosopher of the Middle Ages , the various extant writings of his are witness to his philosophical aptitude and dexterity as to his high calibre as a philosopher . These qualities were highly appreciated during his lifetime , in Malta as in France and Italy . He lived a busy life , both as an intellectual and as an administrator . He was professor of philosopher at various institutions of high education , an able preacher , and an official at various posts within the Dominican Order , of which his was a member . He was an avid aficionado of music , and was talented with playing musical instruments . Though the fame of holiness accompanied him in his life , this did not deter the Inquisition from suspecting him of heresy , and keeping him in its dungeons for fourteen months . When he died , he was given an almost state funeral . ", "The Catholic Church , also known as the Roman Catholic Church , is the largest Christian Church , with more than 1.29 billion members worldwide . As one of the oldest religious institutions in the world , it has played a prominent role in the history and development of Western civilisation . Headed by the Bishop of Rome , known as the Pope , the church 's doctrines are summarised in the Nicene Creed . Its central administration , the Holy See , is in the Vatican City , enclaved within Rome , Italy . The Catholic Church teaches that it is the one true church founded by Jesus Christ , that its bishops are the successors of Christ 's apostles , and that the Pope is the successor to Saint Peter . The Catholic Church maintains that the doctrine on faith and morals that it declares as definitive is infallible . The Latin Church and Eastern Catholic Churches , as well as institutes such as mendicant orders and enclosed monastic orders , reflect a variety of theological and spiritual emphases in the Church . The Catholic Church is notable within Western Christianity for its sacred tradition and seven sacraments . The principal sacrament , the Eucharist , is celebrated liturgically in the Mass. . The church teaches that through consecration by a priest the sacrificial bread and wine become the body and blood of Christ . The Catholic Church practises closed communion , with only baptised members in a state of grace ordinarily permitted to receive the Eucharist . The Virgin Mary is venerated in the Catholic Church as Queen of Heaven and is honoured in numerous Marian devotions . The Catholic Church has defined four Marian dogmas : the Immaculate Conception , the dogma that Mary was conceived without original sin ; her status as the Mother of God ; her perpetual virginity ; and her bodily assumption into Heaven at the end of her earthly life . The Catholic Church has influenced Western philosophy , science , art and culture , and from the Middle Ages until the Modern Age acted as the principal force of unity in the Western world . Catholic spiritual teaching includes spreading the Gospel while Catholic social teaching emphasises support for the sick , the poor and the afflicted through the corporal and spiritual works of mercy . The Catholic Church is the largest non-government provider of education and medical services in the world . From the late 20th century , the Catholic Church has been criticised for its doctrines on sexuality , its refusal to ordain women and its handling of sexual abuse cases . " ]

[ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ]

[ "One_Flew_Over_the_Cuckoo's_Nest_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Academy_Award_for_Best_Actor", "Brad_Dourif", "Will_Sampson", "Best_Actress" ]

[ "One Flew Over the Cuckoo 's Nest is a 1975 American comedy-drama film directed by Miloš Forman , based on the 1962 novel One Flew Over the Cuckoo 's Nest by Ken Kesey . The film stars Jack Nicholson and features a supporting cast of Louise Fletcher , William Redfield , Will Sampson , and Brad Dourif . Considered to be one of the greatest films ever made , One Flew Over the Cuckoo 's Nest is No. 33 on the American Film Institute 's 100 Years ... 100 Movies list . The film was the second to win all five major Academy Awards -LRB- Best Picture , Actor in Lead Role , Actress in Lead Role , Director , and Screenplay -RRB- following It Happened One Night in 1934 , an accomplishment not repeated until 1991 by The Silence of the Lambs . It also won numerous Golden Globe and BAFTA Awards . In 1993 , the film was deemed `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' by the United States Library of Congress and selected for preservation in the National Film Registry . ", "The Academy Award for Best Actor is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences -LRB- AMPAS -RRB- . It is given in honor of an actor who has delivered an outstanding performance in a leading role while working within the film industry . The 1st Academy Awards ceremony was held in 1929 with Emil Jannings receiving the award for his roles in The Last Command and The Way of All Flesh . Currently , nominees are determined by single transferable vote within the actors branch of AMPAS ; winners are selected by a plurality vote from the entire eligible voting members of the Academy . In the first three years of the awards , actors were nominated as the best in their categories . At that time , all of their work during the qualifying period -LRB- as many as three films , in some cases -RRB- was listed after the award . However , during the 3rd ceremony held in 1930 , only one of those films was cited in each winner 's final award , even though each of the acting winners had two films following their names on the ballots . The following year , this unwieldy and confusing system was replaced by the current system in which an actor is nominated for a specific performance in a single film . Starting with the 9th ceremony held in 1937 , the category was officially limited to five nominations per year . Since its inception , the award has been given to 79 actors . Daniel Day-Lewis has received the most awards in this category with three Oscars . Spencer Tracy and Laurence Olivier were nominated on nine occasions , more than any other actor . As of the 2017 ceremony , Casey Affleck is the most recent winner in this category for his role as Lee Chandler in Manchester by the Sea . ", "Bradford Claude `` Brad '' Dourif -LRB- -LSB- ˈdɔːrᵻf -RSB- born March 18 , 1950 -RRB- is an American stage , film , and voice actor , best known for playing Billy Bibbit in One Flew Over the Cuckoo 's Nest -LRB- which won him a Golden Globe Award and BAFTA Award , as well as a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor -RRB- , Chucky in the Chucky franchise , Gríma Wormtongue in The Lord of the Rings , Deputy Clinton Pell in Mississippi Burning , Piter De Vries in Dune and Doc Cochran in Deadwood -LRB- for which he earned an Emmy Award nomination -RRB- . He also acted in Tales from the Crypt . Dourif has worked with director Werner Herzog on many occasions , appearing in Scream of Stone , The Wild Blue Yonder , Bad Lieutenant : Port of Call New Orleans , and My Son , My Son , What Have Ye Done ? . From June to September 2013 , he starred in an Off Broadway revival of Tennessee Williams ' The Two-Character Play , his first stage appearance in 29 years . ", "William `` Will '' Sampson , Jr. -LRB- September 27 , 1933 -- June 3 , 1987 -RRB- was a Native American painter , actor , and rodeo performer . He is best known for his performance as Chief Bromden in the Academy Award winning film , One Flew Over the Cuckoo 's Nest , as well as for his role as Taylor in Poltergeist II : The Other Side and Ten Bears in the Clint Eastwood 1976 classic The Outlaw Josey Wales . ", "Best Actress is the name of an award which is presented by various film , television and theatre organizations , festivals , and people 's awards to leading actresses in a film , television series , television film or play . The first Best Actress award was awarded for acting in a film , on May 16 , 1929 by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences -LRB- AMPAS -RRB- at the Academy Awards to Janet Gaynor for her role of Diane in 7th Heaven , Angela in Street Angel and The Wife - Indre in Sunrise : A Song of Two Humans . In theatre , it was first awarded on April 6 , 1947 by the American Theatre Wing and The Broadway League at the Tony Awards to Ingrid Bergman for her role of Mary Grey / Joan of Arc in Joan of Lorraine and to Helen Hayes for her role of Addie in Happy Birthday . In television , it was first awarded on January 23 , 1951 by Academy of Television Arts & Sciences at the Primetime Emmy Awards to Gertrude Berg for her role of Molly in The Goldbergs . In a film festival , presented as the Volpi Cup , it was first awarded between August 1 -- 20 , 1934 by the Venice Film Festival to Katharine Hepburn for her role of Josephine ` Jo ' March in Little Women . " ]

[ 0, 0, 2, 0, 0 ]

[ "Trouble_with_the_Curve", "Classical_Curves", "Music's_in_Trouble", "Funny_Little_Frog", "Headfirst_Slide_into_Cooperstown_on_a_Bad_Bet" ]

[ "Trouble with the Curve is a 2012 sports-drama film directed by Robert Lorenz , and starring Clint Eastwood , Amy Adams , Justin Timberlake , Matthew Lillard and John Goodman . The film revolves around an aging baseball scout whose daughter joins him on a scouting trip . Filming began in March 2012 , and the film was released on September 21 , 2012 . This was Eastwood 's first acting project since 2008 's Gran Torino and his first acting role in a film he did not direct since his cameo in 1995 's Casper . A year after its release the film became the subject of a plagiarism lawsuit by a producer alleging that his former partner had taken an unfinished script after a dispute and conspired with his agent and Warner Brothers to present it as the work of a relative unknown . ", "Classical Curves is the debut album by the British producer Jam City . It was released on May 28th 2012 on Night Slugs . ", "Music 's in Trouble is the Drugs ' debut album , released in 2002 on CD . It earned the Drugs positive press , an appearance on Rove Live , an ARIA award and spawned four singles : `` The Bold and the Beautiful '' , `` Metal vs. Hip Hop '' , `` Burger King '' and `` Was Sport Better in the 70 's ? '' . `` Burger King '' was released as a free download from the Drugs ' website and Yahoo! Groups list as a Christmas present from the band . The irony of the album is that track 14 , `` No Fade Outs '' , is the only track to have a fade out . ", "`` Funny Little Frog '' was the first single lifted from Belle & Sebastian 's The Life Pursuit . The track was released in January 2006 on Rough Trade Records , and is produced by Tony Hoffer . The single became the band 's highest-charting single in the UK so far , reaching # 13 . The artwork for the single features Julie Coyle and Marisa Privitera . A different version of the song `` Funny Little Frog '' appears in Stuart Murdoch 's project `` God Help the Girl '' . ", "`` Headfirst Slide into Cooperstown on a Bad Bet '' is a song by the American rock band Fall Out Boy from their fourth studio album Folie à Deux -LRB- 2008 -RRB- . It was initially released as a digital single as part of the buildup to the new album on iTunes on October 7 , 2008 . The song impacted United States modern rock radio on June 15 , 2009 . The title of the song refers to former Major League Baseball player Pete Rose , known for sliding headfirst into bases . Rose agreed never to work in baseball again due to an accused betting scandal while managing the Cincinnati Reds and will likely be kept out of the Hall of Fame , located in Cooperstown , New York , because of it . The band originally intended to name-drop Rose in the song 's title . They changed their minds because of concerns about the lawsuit brought against OutKast over their 1999 single `` Rosa Parks '' by the civil rights activist , who was name-dropped in the title . `` Headfirst '' 's original working title was `` Does Your Husband Know ? '' . Chronologically , `` What a Catch , Donnie '' and `` America 's Suitehearts '' were released to iTunes after `` Headfirst Slide into Cooperstown on a Bad Bet '' . However , `` Headfirst Slide ... '' was never serviced to radio as an official single , while the former two were later released as radio singles , albeit in vice versa order . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Boeing_787_Dreamliner", "Boeing_767", "Boeing_X-48", "Airbus_A380", "TS_Maxim_Gorkiy" ]

[ "The Boeing 787 Dreamliner is an American long-haul , mid-size widebody , twin-engine jet airliner made by Boeing Commercial Airplanes . Its variants seat 242 to 335 passengers in typical three-class seating configurations . It is a pioneering airliner with the use of composite materials as the primary material in the construction of its airframe . The 787 was designed to be 20 % more fuel efficient than the Boeing 767 , which it was intended to replace . The 787 Dreamliner 's distinguishing features include mostly electrical flight systems , raked wingtips , and noise-reducing chevrons on its engine nacelles . It shares a common type rating with the larger Boeing 777 to allow qualified pilots to operate both models . The aircraft 's initial designation was the 7E7 , prior to its renaming in January 2005 . The first 787 was unveiled in a roll-out ceremony on July 8 , 2007 at Boeing 's Everett factory . Development and production of the 787 has involved a large-scale collaboration with numerous suppliers worldwide . Final assembly takes place at the Boeing Everett Factory in Everett , Washington , and at the Boeing South Carolina factory in North Charleston , South Carolina . Originally planned to enter service in May 2008 , the project experienced multiple delays . The airliner 's maiden flight took place on December 15 , 2009 , and completed flight testing in mid-2011 . Boeing has reportedly spent $ 32 billion on the 787 program . Final US Federal Aviation Administration -LRB- FAA -RRB- and European Aviation Safety Agency -LRB- EASA -RRB- type certification was received in August 2011 and the first 787-8 was delivered in September 2011 . It entered commercial service on October 26 , 2011 with launch customer All Nippon Airways . The stretched 787-9 variant , which is 20 ft longer and can fly 450 nmi farther than the -8 , first flew in September 2013 . Deliveries of the 787-9 began in July 2014 ; it entered commercial service on August 7 , 2014 with All Nippon Airways , with 787-9 launch customer Air New Zealand following two days later . As of April 2017 , the 787 had orders for 1,213 aircraft from 64 customers , with All Nippon Airways having the largest number on order . The aircraft has suffered from several in-service problems , including fires on board related to its lithium-ion batteries . These systems were reviewed by both the FAA and the Japan Civil Aviation Bureau . The FAA issued a directive in January 2013 that grounded all 787s in the US and other civil aviation authorities followed suit . After Boeing completed tests on a revised battery design , the FAA approved the revised design and lifted the grounding in April 2013 ; the 787 returned to passenger service later that month . ", "The Boeing 767 is a mid - to large-size , long-range , wide-body twin-engine jet airliner built by Boeing Commercial Airplanes . It was Boeing 's first wide-body twinjet and its first airliner with a two-crew glass cockpit . The aircraft has two turbofan engines , a conventional tail , and , for reduced aerodynamic drag , a supercritical wing design . Designed as a smaller wide-body airliner than earlier aircraft such as the 747 , the 767 has seating capacity for 181 to 375 people , and a design range of 3850 to , depending on variant . Development of the 767 occurred in tandem with a narrow-body twinjet , the 757 , resulting in shared design features which allow pilots to obtain a common type rating to operate both aircraft . The 767 is produced in three fuselage lengths . The original 767-200 entered service in 1982 , followed by the 767-300 in 1986 and the 767-400ER , an extended-range -LRB- ER -RRB- variant , in 2000 . The extended-range 767-200ER and 767-300ER models entered service in 1984 and 1988 , respectively , while a production freighter version , the 767-300F , debuted in 1995 . Conversion programs have modified passenger 767-200 and 767-300 series aircraft for cargo use , while military derivatives include the E-767 surveillance aircraft , the KC-767 and KC-46 aerial tankers , and VIP transports . Engines featured on the 767 include the General Electric CF6 , Pratt & Whitney JT9D and PW4000 , and Rolls-Royce RB211 turbofans . United Airlines first placed the 767 in commercial service in 1982 . The aircraft was initially flown on domestic and transcontinental routes , during which it demonstrated the reliability of its twinjet design . In 1985 , the 767 became the first twin-engined airliner to receive regulatory approval for extended overseas flights . The aircraft was then used to expand non-stop service on medium - to long-haul intercontinental routes . In 1986 , Boeing initiated studies for a higher-capacity 767 , ultimately leading to the development of the 777 , a larger wide-body twinjet . In the 1990s , the 767 became the most frequently used airliner for transatlantic flights between North America and Europe . The 767 is the first twinjet wide-body type to reach 1,000 aircraft delivered . As of April 2017 , Boeing has received 1,204 orders for the 767 from 74 customers ; 1,098 have been delivered . A total of 742 of these aircraft were in service in July 2016 ; the most popular variant is the 767-300ER , with 583 delivered ; Delta Air Lines is the largest operator , with 91 aircraft . Competitors have included the Airbus A300 , A310 , and A330-200 , while a successor , the 787 Dreamliner , entered service in October 2011 . Despite this , the 767 still remains in production . ", "The Boeing X-48 is an American experimental unmanned aerial vehicle -LRB- UAV -RRB- built to investigate the characteristics of blended wing body -LRB- BWB -RRB- aircraft , a type of flying wing . Boeing designed the X-48 and two examples were built by Cranfield Aerospace in the UK . Boeing began flight testing the X-48B version for NASA in 2007 . The X-48B was later modified into the X-48C version , which was flight tested from August 2012 to April 2013 . Boeing and NASA plan to develop a larger BWB demonstrator . ", "The Airbus A380 is a double-deck , wide-body , four-engine jet airliner manufactured by European manufacturer Airbus . It is the world 's largest passenger airliner , and the airports at which it operates have upgraded facilities to accommodate it . It was initially named Airbus A3XX and designed to challenge Boeing 's monopoly in the large-aircraft market . The A380 made its first flight on 27 April 2005 and entered commercial service on 25 October 2007 with Singapore Airlines . The A380 's upper deck extends along the entire length of the fuselage , with a width equivalent to a wide-body aircraft . This gives the A380-800 's cabin 550 m2 of usable floor space , 40 % more than the next largest airliner , the Boeing 747-8 , and provides seating for 525 people in a typical three-class configuration or up to 853 people in an all-economy class configuration . The A380-800 has a design range of 15700 km , serving the second - and third-longest non-stop scheduled flights in the world -LRB- as of February 2017 -RRB- , and a cruising speed of Mach 0.85 -LRB- about 900 km/h , 560 mph or 490 kt at cruising altitude -RRB- . , Airbus had received 317 firm orders and delivered 210 aircraft ; Emirates is the biggest A380 customer with 142 ordered of which 94 have been delivered . ", "TS Maxim Gorkiy was , until 30 November 2008 , a cruise ship owned by Sovcomflot , Russia , under long-term charter to Phoenix Reisen , Germany . She was built in 1969 by Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft , Hamburg , West Germany for the German Atlantic Line as TS Hamburg . In late 1973 she was very briefly renamed TS Hanseatic . The following year she was sold to the Black Sea Shipping Company , Soviet Union and received the name Maksim Gorkiy in honour of the poet Maxim Gorky , renamed to Maxim Gorkiy after collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 . On 20 August 2008 Maxim Gorkiy was sold to Orient Lines . She was due to enter service with her new owners on 15 April 2009 under the name TS Marco Polo II , but in November 2008 the relaunch of the Orient Lines brand was cancelled . On 8 January 2009 the ship was sold for scrap , and she was beached at Alang , India on 26 February 2009 . Although never used as such , the ship was originally planned as a dual ocean liner/cruise ship , for service between Hamburg and New York City as well as cruising . She was the first major passenger liner built in Germany since 1938 . On entering service for the Black Sea Shipping Company , she became the first four-star cruise ship operated under the Soviet flag . Several variants of the ship 's name were used through her career . Some sources refer to her with the prefix TS -LRB- turbine ship -RRB- instead of SS -LRB- steamship -RRB- , while her final name Maxim Gorkiy was also written as Maksim Gorkiy and Maxim Gorki . She should not be confused with any of the Soviet era cruise liners of the Ivan Franko-class , the so-called `` poet '' or `` writer '' class , including the current MS Marco Polo . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Hammer_Film_Productions", "Under_the_Black_Eagle", "The_Man_from_Toronto", "The_Red_Widow", "Black_-LRB-2004_film-RRB-" ]

[ "Hammer Film Productions is a British film production company based in London . Founded in 1934 , the company is best known for a series of Gothic `` Hammer Horror '' films made from the mid-1950s until the 1970s . Hammer also produced science fiction , thrillers , film noir and comedies -- and , in later years , television series . During its most successful years , Hammer dominated the horror film market , enjoying worldwide distribution and considerable financial success . This success was due , in part , to distribution partnerships with major United States studios , such as Warner Bros. . During the late 1960s and 1970s the saturation of the horror film market by competitors and the loss of American funding forced changes to the previously lucrative Hammer formula , with varying degrees of success . The company eventually ceased production in the mid-1980s . In 2000 , the studio was bought by a consortium including advertising executive and art collector Charles Saatchi and publishing millionaires Neil Mendoza and William Sieghart . The company announced plans to begin making films again after this , but none were produced . In May 2007 , the company was sold again , this time to a consortium headed by Dutch media tycoon John de Mol , who announced plans to spend some $ 50m -LRB- # 25m -RRB- on new horror films . The new owners also acquired the Hammer group 's film library , consisting of 295 movies . Simon Oakes , who took over as CEO of Hammer , said : `` Hammer is a great British brand -- we intend to take it back into production and develop its global potential . The brand is still alive but no one has invested in it for a long time '' . Since then it has produced several films , including Let Me In -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , The Resident -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , The Woman in Black -LRB- 2012 -RRB- and The Quiet Ones -LRB- 2014 -RRB- . ", "Under the Black Eagle is a 1928 American drama silent film directed by W. S. Van Dyke and written by Norman Houston , Bradley King and Madeleine Ruthven . The film stars Ralph Forbes , Marceline Day , Bert Roach , William Fairbanks and Marc McDermott . The film was released on March 24 , 1928 , by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer . ", "The Man from Toronto is a 1933 British romantic comedy film directed by Sinclair Hill and starring Jessie Matthews , Ian Hunter and Kathleen Harrison . After an inheritance is left to them if they marry , an Englishwoman and a Canadian must meet for the first time to investigate the other - with comedic results . Matthews was considered a rising film star at the time of the production , and she quickly became one of Gainsborough Pictures ' leading names . ", "The Red Widow is a lost 1916 silent comedy film produced by Famous Players-Lasky , distributed by Paramount Pictures . The film was based on a 1911 Broadway musical play The Red Widow by Channing Pollock and Rennold Wolf and starring comedian Raymond Hitchcock . John Barrymore stars in this film in the Hitchcock part of Cicero Butts . Hitchcock 's wife , Flora Zabelle , is the leading lady in this film . This particular comedy was shot twice . The negative for the first version burned up in a nitrate fire before prints were made . This was probably the same Famous Players fire of September 11 , 1915 that destroyed the first version of Mary Pickford 's Esmerelda -LRB- 1915 -RRB- . Barrymore and cast reshot the film for no salary . ", "Black is a 2004 Indian Malayalam crime thriller film written and directed by Ranjith , and produced by Lal . It deals with the underworld operations in Kochi . Mammootty plays the role of Police Constable Karikkamuri Shanmugham , who ironically is a hit man and a contract killer . The film features cinematography by Amal Neerad . The film was a comeback for actor Rahman to Malayalam cinema . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Personality", "Novelty_seeking", "Dissociative_identity_disorder", "Spetskhran", "Personal_Data_Privacy_and_Security_Act_of_2009" ]

[ "Personality is a set of individual differences that are affected by the development of an individual : values , attitudes , personal memories , social relationships , habits , and skills . Different personality theorists present their own definitions of the word based on their theoretical positions . The term `` personality trait '' refers to enduring personal characteristics that are revealed in a particular pattern of behaviour in a variety of situations . ", "In psychology , novelty seeking -LRB- NS -RRB- is a personality trait associated with exploratory activity in response to novel stimulation , impulsive decision making , extravagance in approach to reward cues , quick loss of temper , and avoidance of frustration . It is measured in the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire as well as the later version Temperament and Character Inventory and is considered one of the temperament dimensions of personality . Like the other temperament dimensions , it has been found to be highly heritable . High NS has been suggested to be related to low dopaminergic activity . In the revised version of the Temperament and Character Inventory -LRB- TCI-R -RRB- novelty seeking consists of the following four subscales : Exploratory excitability -LRB- NS1 -RRB- Impulsiveness -LRB- NS2 -RRB- Extravagance -LRB- NS3 -RRB- Disorderliness -LRB- NS4 -RRB- ", "Dissociative identity disorder -LRB- DID -RRB- , also known as multiple personality disorder -LRB- MPD -RRB- , is a mental disorder characterized by at least two distinct and relatively enduring identities or dissociated personality states . These states alternately show in a person 's behavior , accompanied by memory impairment for important information not explained by ordinary forgetfulness . These symptoms are not accounted for by substance abuse , seizures , or other medical conditions , nor by imaginative play in children . Dissociative symptoms range from common lapses in attention , becoming distracted by something else , and daydreaming , to pathological dissociative disorders . Symptoms vary over time . Dissociative disorders , including DID , have been attributed to disruptions in memory caused by trauma or other forms of stress . Research on this hypothesis has been characterized by poor methodology . An alternative hypothesis is that DID is a by-product of techniques employed by some therapists , especially those using hypnosis , and disagreement between the two positions is characterized by intense debate . DID is one of the most controversial psychiatric disorders , with no clear consensus on diagnostic criteria or treatment . No systematic , empirically supported definition of `` dissociation '' exists . Diagnosis is often difficult , as the entity is frequently associated with other mental disorders . Differential diagnosis should consider malingering if the individual 's principal concern is with financial or forensic gain or with the avoidance of obligations ; and factitious disorder , if the individual 's principal concern is with assuming a patient role . It is generally believed that DID rarely resolves spontaneously . In general , the prognosis is poor , especially for those with comorbid disorders . There is little systematic data on rates of the condition . It is believed to affect between 1 % and 3 % of the general population , and between 1 % and 5 % in inpatient groups in Europe and North America . DID is diagnosed more frequently in North America than in the rest of the world , and is diagnosed three to nine times more often in females than in males . Rates of diagnoses increased greatly in the latter half of the 20th century , along with the number of identities -LRB- often referred to as `` alters '' -RRB- claimed by people -LRB- increasing from an average of two or three to approximately 16 -RRB- . DID is also controversial within the legal system , where it has been used as a rarely successful form of the insanity defense . The 1990s showed a parallel increase in the number of court cases involving the diagnosis . DID became a popular diagnosis in the 1970s , '80s , and '90s , but it is unclear whether the actual rate of the disorder increased , whether it was more recognized by health care providers , or whether sociocultural factors caused an increase in therapy-induced -LRB- iatrogenic -RRB- presentations . The unusual number of diagnoses after 1980 , clustered around a small number of clinicians , and the suggestibility characteristic of those with DID , support the hypothesis that DID is therapist-induced . The unusual clustering of diagnoses has also been explained as due to a lack of awareness and training among clinicians to recognize cases of DID . ", "Spetskhran -LRB- Спецхран an abbreviation for `` Special Storage Section '' , отдел специального хранения -RRB- were limited access collections and archival reserves in libraries and archives of the Soviet Union , as part of the system of censorship in the Soviet Union . Access to materials from Special Storage was conditional on special permission : a person had to either have the corresponding level of security access or to have a written permission from the First Department from person 's job . Special Storage was for two major types of publications : those deemed `` ideologically dangerous '' and classified information whose disclosure could threaten the economy and defense of the state . Examples : Early Soviet publications associated with the `` banned '' names -LRB- Leon Trotsky , Nikolai Bukharin , etc. . -RRB- Early Russian non-communist publications Russian emigre publications Foreign language publications deemed threatening to the Soviet State . Foreign scientific and technical publications were normally available to general readership , with `` threatening '' pages cut out , and full versions available from spetskhran . Various classified publications , such as Soviet classified dissertations , classified technical references , etc. . ", "The Personal Data Privacy and Security Act of 2009 -LRB- Official title : A bill to prevent and mitigate identity theft , to ensure privacy , to provide notice of security breaches , and to enhance criminal penalties , law enforcement assistance , and other protections against security breaches , fraudulent access , and misuse of personally identifiable information -RRB- , was a bill proposed in the United States Congress to increase protection of personally identifiable information by private companies and government agencies , set guidelines and restrictions on personal data sharing by data brokers , and to enhance criminal penalty for identity theft and other violations of data privacy and security . The bill was sponsored in the United States Senate by Patrick Leahy -LRB- Democrat-Vermont -RRB- , where it is known as S. 1490 . " ]

[ 0, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Pulmonary_embolism", "Shortness_of_breath", "Venous_thrombosis", "Tropical_eosinophilia", "Hypertensive_encephalopathy" ]

[ "Pulmonary embolism -LRB- PE -RRB- is a blockage of an artery in the lungs by a substance that has traveled from elsewhere in the body through the bloodstream -LRB- embolism -RRB- . Symptoms of a PE may include shortness of breath , chest pain particularly upon breathing in , and coughing up blood . Symptoms of a blood clot in the leg may also be present such as a red , warm , swollen , and painful leg . Signs of a PE include low blood oxygen levels , rapid breathing , rapid heart rate , and sometimes a mild fever . Severe cases can lead to passing out , abnormally low blood pressure , and sudden death . PE usually results from a blood clot in the leg that travels to the lung . The risk of blood clots is increased by cancer , prolonged bed rest , smoking , stroke , certain genetic conditions , estrogen-based medication , pregnancy , obesity , and after some types of surgery . A small proportion of cases are due to the embolization of air , fat , or amniotic fluid . Diagnosis is based on signs and symptoms in combination with test results . If the risk is low a blood test known as a D-dimer will rule out the condition . Otherwise a CT pulmonary angiography , lung ventilation/perfusion scan , or ultrasound of the legs may confirm the diagnosis . Together deep vein thrombosis and PE are known as venous thromboembolism -LRB- VTE -RRB- . Efforts to prevent PE include beginning to move as soon as possible after surgery , lower leg exercises during periods of sitting , and the use of blood thinners after some types of surgery . Treatment is typically with blood thinners such as heparin or warfarin . Often these are recommended for six months or longer . Severe cases may require thrombolysis using medication such as tissue plasminogen activator -LRB- tPA -RRB- , or may require surgery such as a pulmonary thrombectomy . If blood thinners are not appropriate , a vena cava filter may be used . Pulmonary emboli affect about 430,000 people each year in Europe . In the United States between 300,000 and 600,000 cases occur each year , which results in between 50,000 and 200,000 deaths . Rates are similar in males and females . They become more common as people get older . ", "Shortness of breath , also known as dyspnea , is a feeling like one can not breathe well enough . The American Thoracic Society defines it as `` a subjective experience of breathing discomfort that consists of qualitatively distinct sensations that vary in intensity '' , and recommends evaluating dyspnea by assessing the intensity of the distinct sensations , the degree of distress involved , and its burden or impact on activities of daily living . Distinct sensations include effort/work , chest tightness , and air hunger -LRB- the feeling of not enough oxygen -RRB- . Dyspnea is a normal symptom of heavy exertion but becomes pathological if it occurs in unexpected situations or light exertion . In 85 % of cases it is due to asthma , pneumonia , cardiac ischemia , interstitial lung disease , congestive heart failure , chronic obstructive pulmonary disease , or psychogenic causes , such as panic disorder and anxiety . Treatment typically depends on the underlying cause . ", "A venous thrombus is a blood clot -LRB- thrombus -RRB- that forms within a vein . Thrombosis is a term for a blood clot occurring inside a blood vessel . A common type of venous thrombosis is a deep vein thrombosis -LRB- DVT -RRB- , which is a blood clot in the deep veins of the leg . If the thrombus breaks off -LRB- embolizes -RRB- and flows towards the lungs , it can become a pulmonary embolism -LRB- PE -RRB- , a blood clot in the lungs . An inflammatory reaction is usually present , mainly in the superficial veins and , for this reason this pathology is called most of the time thrombophlebitis . The inflammatory reaction and the white blood cells play a role in the resolution of venous clots . The initial treatment for venous thromboembolism is typically with either low molecular weight heparin -LRB- LMWH -RRB- or unfractionated heparin . LMWH appears to have lower rates of side effects ; however , both result in similar rates of survival . ", "Tropical -LRB- pulmonary -RRB- eosinophilia , or TPE , is characterized by coughing , asthmatic attacks , and an enlarged spleen , and is caused by Wuchereria bancrofti , a filarial infection . It occurs most frequently in India and Southeast Asia . Tropical eosinophilia is considered a manifestation of a species of microfilaria . This disease can be confused with tuberculosis , asthma , or coughs related to roundworms . Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia is a rare , but well recognised , syndrome characterised by pulmonary interstitial infiltrates and marked peripheral eosinophilia . This condition is more widely recognised and promptly diagnosed in filariasis-endemic regions , such as the Indian subcontinent , Africa , Asia and South America . In nonendemic countries , patients are commonly thought to have bronchial asthma . Chronic symptoms may delay the diagnosis by up to five years . Early recognition and treatment with the antifilarial drug , diethylcarbamazine , is important , as delay before treatment may lead to progressive interstitial fibrosis and irreversible impairment . The condition of marked eosinophilia with pulmonary involvement was first termed tropical pulmonary eosinophilia in 1950 . The syndrome is caused by a distinct hypersensitive immunological reaction to microfilariae of W. bancrofti and Brugia malayi . However , only a small percentage -LRB- < 0.5 % -RRB- of the 130 million people globally who are infected with filariasis apparently develop this reaction . The clearance of rapidly opsonised microfilariae from the bloodstream results in a hypersensitive immunological process and abnormal recruitment of eosinophils , as reflected by extremely high IgE levels of over 1000 kU/L . The typical patient is a young adult man from the Indian subcontinent . ", "Hypertensive encephalopathy is a neurological dysfunction induced by hypertensive emergency . The term `` hypertensive encephalopathy '' was introduced to describe this type of encephalopathy by Oppenheimer and Fishberg in 1928 . It describes cerebral conditions , typically reversible , caused by sudden and sustained severe elevation of blood pressure . Hypertensive encephalopathy occurs in eclampsia , acute nephritis and crises in essential hypertension . Symptoms of hypertensive encephalopathy include headache , restlessness , nausea , disturbances of consciousness , seizures , bleeding in the retina , and papilledema . Focal brain lesions may be associated with specific neurological symptoms . These neurological impairments may culminate in a coma . The condition is treated by drugs that decrease blood pressure . " ]

[ 2, 0, 2, 2, 0 ]

[ "Keegan-Michael_Key", "Michael_Keaton", "The_Paper_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Key_&_Peele", "Carrie_-LRB-1976_film-RRB-" ]

[ "Keegan-Michael Key -LRB- born March 22 , 1971 -RRB- is an American actor , comedian , writer , and producer . He starred in the Comedy Central sketch series Key & Peele and co-stars in the USA Network comedy series Playing House . He spent six seasons as a cast member on MADtv and has made several guest appearances on Whose Line is it Anyway ? . In 2014 , he also starred in the first season of the FX series Fargo and had a recurring role on the sixth and seventh season of the NBC series Parks and Recreation . He has had supporting roles in several films , including Let 's Be Cops , Tomorrowland and Pitch Perfect 2 . In 2015 , Key appeared at the White House Correspondents ' Dinner as the character Luther , President Barack Obama 's anger translator . In 2016 , he produced and starred in Keanu -LRB- 2016 -RRB- with his Key & Peele co-star Jordan Peele . He also hosted the show Planet 's Funniest Animals on Animal Planet . ", "Michael John Douglas -LRB- born September 5 , 1951 -RRB- , known professionally as Michael Keaton , is an American actor , producer and director . He first rose to fame for his comedic film roles in Night Shift -LRB- 1982 -RRB- , Mr. Mom -LRB- 1983 -RRB- , Johnny Dangerously -LRB- 1984 -RRB- and Beetlejuice -LRB- 1988 -RRB- , and he earned further acclaim for his dramatic portrayal of the title character in Tim Burton 's Batman -LRB- 1989 -RRB- and Batman Returns -LRB- 1992 -RRB- . Since then , he has appeared in a variety of films ranging from dramas and romantic comedies to thriller and action films ; such as Clean and Sober -LRB- 1988 -RRB- , The Dream Team -LRB- 1989 -RRB- , Pacific Heights -LRB- 1990 -RRB- , Much Ado About Nothing -LRB- 1993 -RRB- , My Life -LRB- 1993 -RRB- , The Paper -LRB- 1994 -RRB- , Multiplicity -LRB- 1996 -RRB- , Jackie Brown -LRB- 1997 -RRB- , Herbie : Fully Loaded -LRB- 2005 -RRB- , The Other Guys -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , Need for Speed -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , RoboCop -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , Spotlight -LRB- 2015 -RRB- and The Founder -LRB- 2016 -RRB- , and he has also provided voices for characters in animated films such as Cars -LRB- 2006 -RRB- , Toy Story 3 -LRB- 2010 -RRB- and Minions -LRB- 2015 -RRB- . In 2017 , Keaton will play the role of Marvel Comics supervillain the Vulture in Spider-Man : Homecoming . Keaton 's lead performance in Birdman or -LRB- The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance -RRB- -LRB- 2014 -RRB- earned him a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor in a Musical or Comedy , the Critics ' Choice Award for Best Actor and Best Actor in a Comedy , and nominations for the Screen Actors Guild Award , British Academy Film Award , and Academy Award for Best Actor . He previously received a Golden Globe Award nomination for his performance in Live from Baghdad -LRB- 2002 -RRB- and a Screen Actors Guild Award nomination for The Company -LRB- 2007 -RRB- . Keaton was awarded a Career Achievement Award from both the Hollywood Film Festival and Zurich Film Festivals . On January 18 , 2016 , he was named Officer of Order of Arts and Letters in France . He is also a visiting scholar at Carnegie Mellon University . </span> ", "The Paper is a 1994 American comedy-drama film directed by Ron Howard and starring Michael Keaton , Glenn Close , Marisa Tomei , Randy Quaid and Robert Duvall . It received an Academy Award nomination for Best Original Song for `` Make Up Your Mind '' , which was written and performed by Randy Newman . The film depicts a hectic 24 hours in a newspaper editor 's professional and personal life . The main story of the day is the murder of a couple of visiting businessmen . The reporters discover evidence suggesting a police cover-up of evidence of the suspects ' innocence , and rush to scoop the story in the midst of professional , private and financial chaos . ", "Key & Peele is an American sketch comedy television series created by Keegan-Michael Key and Jordan Peele for Comedy Central . Both Key and Peele previously worked on MADtv . Each episode of the show consists mainly of several pre-taped skits starring the two actors . The sketches cover a variety of societal topics , often with a focus on American popular culture , ethnic stereotypes , and race relations . Key & Peele premiered on January 31 , 2012 and ended on September 9 , 2015 , with a total of 53 episodes , over the course of five seasons . A special entitled `` Key & Peele 's Super Bowl Special '' aired on January 30 , 2015 . Key & Peele won a Peabody Award and two Primetime Emmy Awards and has been nominated for various other awards , including Writers Guild Award , NAACP Image Award and 16 additional Primetime Emmy Awards in various categories . ", "Carrie is a 1976 American supernatural horror film based on Stephen King 's 1974 epistolary novel of the same name . The film was directed by Brian De Palma and produced by Paul Monash , with a screenplay by Lawrence D. Cohen . The film received two Academy Award nominations , one for Sissy Spacek in the title role and one for Piper Laurie as her abusive mother . The film featured numerous young actors -- including Nancy Allen , William Katt , Amy Irving , and John Travolta -- whose careers were launched , or escalated , by the film . It also relaunched the screen and television career of Laurie , who had not been active in show business since 1961 . Carrie was the first of more than 100 film and television productions adapted from , or based on , the published works of Stephen King . " ]

[ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Personality", "Schizothymia", "Maturation", "Novelty_seeking", "Agency_-LRB-sociology-RRB-" ]

[ "Personality is a set of individual differences that are affected by the development of an individual : values , attitudes , personal memories , social relationships , habits , and skills . Different personality theorists present their own definitions of the word based on their theoretical positions . The term `` personality trait '' refers to enduring personal characteristics that are revealed in a particular pattern of behaviour in a variety of situations . ", "Schizothymia is a temperament related to schizophrenia in a way analogous to cyclothymia 's relationship with bipolar disorder . A schizothymic individual displays a flat affect and a high degree of introversion , withdrawing from social relations generally ; nevertheless , some individuals with this characteristic may be able to achieve relatively affable social relations and a measure of affectivity in some situations . As a kind of temperament , schizothymic personality traits are thought to be more or less innate rather than the result of socialization -LRB- or a lack thereof -RRB- . ", "Maturation is the process of becoming mature ; the emergence of individual and behavioral characteristics through growth processes over time . It can also refer to any of the following : Foetal development Developmental biology In petroleum geology , the maturation of a rock is a measure of its state in terms of hydrocarbon generation . Psychological development Physical maturation of any biological life form -- see individual articles for maturation of different life forms . In research , a threat to internal validity in which subjects change during the course of the experiment or even between measurements and the researcher may not be able to determine if the cause of the discrepancy is due to time or the independent variable . The final stages of cellular differentiation of cells , tissues , or organs . The process of storing alcoholic beverages in wooden cylindrical containers intended to impart a change in flavour and colouring . Any process that develops a finished product that is different from its beginning stage through processes that involve the passing of time , often resulting in a more desired or effective product . Such processes can encompass things such as cheese or other food fermentations , and mature technology . ", "In psychology , novelty seeking -LRB- NS -RRB- is a personality trait associated with exploratory activity in response to novel stimulation , impulsive decision making , extravagance in approach to reward cues , quick loss of temper , and avoidance of frustration . It is measured in the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire as well as the later version Temperament and Character Inventory and is considered one of the temperament dimensions of personality . Like the other temperament dimensions , it has been found to be highly heritable . High NS has been suggested to be related to low dopaminergic activity . In the revised version of the Temperament and Character Inventory -LRB- TCI-R -RRB- novelty seeking consists of the following four subscales : Exploratory excitability -LRB- NS1 -RRB- Impulsiveness -LRB- NS2 -RRB- Extravagance -LRB- NS3 -RRB- Disorderliness -LRB- NS4 -RRB- ", "In social science , agency is the capacity of individuals to act independently and to make their own free choices . By contrast , structure is those factors of influence -LRB- such as social class , religion , gender , ethnicity , ability , customs , etc. -RRB- that determine or limit an agent and his or her decisions . The relative difference in influences from structure and agency is debated -- it is unclear to what extent a person 's actions are constrained by social systems . One 's agency is one 's independent capability or ability to act on one 's will . This ability is affected by the cognitive belief structure which one has formed through one 's experiences , and the perceptions held by the society and the individual , of the structures and circumstances of the environment one is in and the position they are born into . Disagreement on the extent of one 's agency often causes conflict between parties , e.g. parents and children . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]

[ "Tennessee", "American_Civil_War", "Andrew_Johnson", "Alfred_Cate", "6th_Regiment_Tennessee_Volunteer_Infantry" ]

[ "Tennessee -LRB- -LSB- tɛnᵻˈsiː -RSB- -RRB- -LRB- -LSB- ᏔᎾᏏ , translit = Tanasi -RSB- -RRB- is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States . Tennessee is the 36th largest and the 16th most populous of the 50 United States . Tennessee is bordered by Kentucky and Virginia to the north , North Carolina to the east , Georgia , Alabama , and Mississippi to the south , and Arkansas and Missouri to the west . The Appalachian Mountains dominate the eastern part of the state , and the Mississippi River forms the state 's western border . Nashville is the state 's largest city , with a population of 660,388 . Tennessee 's second largest city is Memphis , which has a population of 652,717 . The state of Tennessee is rooted in the Watauga Association , a 1772 frontier pact generally regarded as the first constitutional government west of the Appalachians . What is now Tennessee was initially part of North Carolina , and later part of the Southwest Territory . Tennessee was admitted to the Union as the 16th state on June 1 , 1796 . Tennessee was the last state to leave the Union and join the Confederacy at the outbreak of the American Civil War in 1861 . Occupied by Union forces from 1862 , it was the first state to be readmitted to the Union at the end of the war . Tennessee furnished more soldiers for the Confederate Army than any other state besides Virginia , and more soldiers for the Union Army than the rest of the Confederacy combined . Beginning during Reconstruction , it had competitive party politics , but a Democratic takeover in the late 1880s resulted in passage of disfranchisement laws that excluded most blacks and many poor whites from voting . This sharply reduced competition in politics in the state until after passage of civil rights legislation in the mid-20th century . In the 20th century , Tennessee transitioned from an agrarian economy to a more diversified economy , aided by massive federal investment in the Tennessee Valley Authority and , in the early 1940s , the city of Oak Ridge . This city was established to house the Manhattan Project 's uranium enrichment facilities , helping to build the world 's first atomic bomb , which was used during World War II . Tennessee 's major industries include agriculture , manufacturing , and tourism . Poultry , soybeans , and cattle are the state 's primary agricultural products , and major manufacturing exports include chemicals , transportation equipment , and electrical equipment . The Great Smoky Mountains National Park , the nation 's most visited national park , is headquartered in the eastern part of the state , and a section of the Appalachian Trail roughly follows the Tennessee-North Carolina border . Other major tourist attractions include the Tennessee Aquarium in Chattanooga ; Dollywood in Pigeon Forge ; Ripley 's Aquarium of the Smokies and Ober Gatlinburg in Gatlinburg ; the Parthenon , the Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum , and Ryman Auditorium in Nashville ; the Jack Daniel 's Distillery in Lynchburg ; Elvis Presley 's Graceland residence and tomb , the Memphis Zoo , and the National Civil Rights Museum in Memphis ; and Bristol Motor Speedway in Bristol . ", "The American Civil War was fought in the United States from 1861 to 1865 . After a long standing controversy over slavery and state 's rights , war broke out in April 1861 , when Confederates attacked Fort Sumter in South Carolina , shortly after Abraham Lincoln was elected . The nationalists of the Union proclaimed loyalty to the U.S. Constitution . They faced secessionists of the Confederate States of America advocating states ' rights to perpetual slavery and its expansion in the Americas . Among the 34 U.S. states in February 1861 , seven Southern slave states individually declared their secession from the U.S. to form the Confederate States of America . The Confederacy grew to include eleven states ; it claimed two more border states -LRB- Kentucky and Missouri -RRB- , the Indian Territory , and the southern portions of the Union 's western territories of Arizona and New Mexico , which was organized and incorporated into the Confederacy as Confederate Arizona . The Confederacy was never diplomatically recognized by the United States government , nor was it recognized by any foreign country -LRB- although Britain and France granted it belligerent status -RRB- . The states that remained loyal , including the border states where slavery was legal , were known as the Union or the North . The North and South quickly raised volunteer and conscription armies that fought mostly in the South over four years . During this time many innovations in warfare occurred , including the development and use of iron-clad ships , ultimately changing naval strategy around the world . The Union finally won the war when General Robert E. Lee surrendered to General Ulysses S. Grant at the battle of Appomattox , which triggered a series of surrenders by Confederate generals throughout the southern states . Four years of intense combat left 620,000 to 750,000 soldiers dead , a higher number than the number of American military deaths in World War I and World War II combined , and much of the South 's infrastructure was destroyed . The Confederacy collapsed , slavery was abolished and 4 million slaves were freed . The Reconstruction Era -LRB- 1863 -- 1877 -RRB- overlapped and followed the war , with the process of restoring national unity , strengthening the national government , and granting civil rights to freed slaves throughout the country . The Civil War is arguably the most studied and written about episode in American history . ", "Andrew Johnson -LRB- December 29 , 1808 July 31 , 1875 -RRB- was the 17th President of the United States , serving from 1865 to 1869 . Johnson became president as he was vice president at the time of the assassination of Abraham Lincoln . A Democrat who ran with Lincoln on the National Union ticket , Johnson came to office as the Civil War concluded . The new president favored quick restoration of the seceded states to the Union . His plans did not give protection to the former slaves , and he came into conflict with the Republican-dominated Congress , culminating in his impeachment by the House of Representatives . The first American president to be impeached , he was acquitted in the Senate by one vote . Johnson was born in poverty in Raleigh , North Carolina . Apprenticed as a tailor , he worked in several frontier towns before settling in Greeneville , Tennessee . He served as alderman and mayor there before being elected to the Tennessee House of Representatives in 1835 . After brief service in the Tennessee Senate , Johnson was elected to the federal House of Representatives in 1843 , where he served five two-year terms . He became Governor of Tennessee for four years , and was elected by the legislature to the US Senate in 1857 . In his congressional service , he sought passage of the Homestead Bill , which was enacted soon after he left his Senate seat in 1862 . As Southern slave states , including Tennessee , seceded to form the Confederate States of America , Johnson remained firmly with the Union . He was the only sitting senator from a Confederate state who did not resign his seat upon learning of his state 's secession . In 1862 , Lincoln appointed him as military governor of Tennessee after most of it had been retaken . In 1864 , Johnson , as a War Democrat and Southern Unionist , was a logical choice as running mate for Lincoln , who wished to send a message of national unity in his re-election campaign ; their ticket easily won . When Johnson was sworn in as vice president in March 1865 , he gave a rambling speech , after which he secluded himself to avoid public ridicule . Six weeks later , the assassination of Lincoln made him president . Johnson implemented his own form of Presidential Reconstruction -- a series of proclamations directing the seceded states to hold conventions and elections to re-form their civil governments . When Southern states returned many of their old leaders , and passed Black Codes to deprive the freedmen of many civil liberties , Congressional Republicans refused to seat legislators from those states and advanced legislation to overrule the Southern actions . Johnson vetoed their bills , and Congressional Republicans overrode him , setting a pattern for the remainder of his presidency . Johnson opposed the Fourteenth Amendment , which gave citizenship to former slaves . In 1866 , Johnson went on an unprecedented national tour promoting his executive policies , seeking to destroy his Republican opponents . As the conflict between the branches of government grew , Congress passed the Tenure of Office Act , restricting Johnson 's ability to fire Cabinet officials . When he persisted in trying to dismiss Secretary of War Edwin Stanton , he was impeached by the House of Representatives , and narrowly avoided conviction in the Senate and removal from office . Returning to Tennessee after his presidency , Johnson sought political vindication and gained it in his eyes when he was elected to the Senate again in 1875 -LRB- the only former president to serve there -RRB- , just months before his death . Johnson is regarded by many historians as one of the worst presidents in American history . While some admire his strict constitutionalism , his strong opposition to federally guaranteed rights for African Americans is widely criticized . ", "Alfred Madison Cate -LRB- December 12 , 1822 -- September 13 , 1871 -RRB- was an American politician , soldier and farmer who served two terms in the Tennessee Senate from 1865 to 1869 . A Radical Republican , he generally supported the policies of Governor William G. Brownlow , including ratification of the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution . He served as chairman of the Republican State Central Committee in the late 1860s . Cate remained loyal to the Union during the Civil War . He was a delegate to the pro-Union East Tennessee Convention in 1861 , and was a key organizer of the East Tennessee bridge burnings later that year . He fought for the Union Army during the war , eventually rising to the rank of captain . ", "The 6th Regiment Tennessee Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . " ]

[ 1, 2, 2, 2, 0 ]

[ "Woodrow_Wilson", "James_H._Wilson", "Preparedness_Movement", "United_States_presidential_election,_1916", "John_F._Knott" ]

[ "Thomas Woodrow Wilson -LRB- December 28 , 1856 -- February 3 , 1924 -RRB- was an American politician and academic who served as the 28th President of the United States from 1913 to 1921 . A member of the Democratic Party , Wilson served as the President of Princeton University from 1902 to 1910 and as Governor of New Jersey from 1911 to 1913 . Wilson 's victory in the 1912 presidential election made him the first Southerner elected to the presidency since Zachary Taylor in 1848 , and Wilson became a leading force in the Progressive Movement . He also led the United States during World War I , establishing an activist foreign policy known as `` Wilsonianism . '' He was a major leader at the Paris Peace Conference in 1919 , where he championed the proposed League of Nations . However , he was unable to obtain Senate approval for U.S. membership . He suffered debilitating strokes in September 1919 ; after that his wife and staff handled most of his presidential duties . Born in Staunton , Virginia , he spent his early years in Augusta , Georgia and Columbia , South Carolina . His father was a leading Presbyterian in the Confederacy during the Civil War , and Wilson was always a devout Presbyterian and a proud Southerner . He took a law degree and then one of the first PhDs in political science awarded by Johns Hopkins University . He served as a professor and scholar at various institutions before being selected as President of Princeton University , a position he held from 1902 to 1910 . Wilson became a notable academic , arguing for the superiority of the parliamentary system . He was associated with Grover Cleveland and the conservative Bourbon Democrats until 1910 , when he moved left . With the help of state Democratic bosses , Wilson won the 1910 Democratic nomination for governor of New Jersey , and was elected as a fresh reformer , holding office from 1911 to 1913 . He overthrew the same bosses and gained a national reputation . He won the 1912 Democratic presidential nomination after forty-six rounds of balloting , with support from William Jennings Bryan . Former President Theodore Roosevelt 's third party candidacy split the Republican Party , which re-nominated incumbent President William Howard Taft . Wilson won the 1912 election with a plurality of the popular vote and a large majority in the electoral college . Leading the Congress that was now in Democratic hands , he oversaw the passage of progressive legislative policies unparalleled until the New Deal in 1933 . The Federal Reserve Act , Federal Trade Commission Act , the Clayton Antitrust Act , and the Federal Farm Loan Act were some of these new policies . Having taken office one month after ratification of the Sixteenth Amendment , Wilson called a special session of Congress , whose work culminated in the Revenue Act of 1913 , introducing an income tax and lowering tariffs . Through passage of the Adamson Act that imposed an 8-hour workday for railroads , he averted a railroad strike and an ensuing economic crisis . Upon the outbreak of World War I in 1914 , Wilson maintained a policy of neutrality , while pursuing a more aggressive policy in dealing with Mexico 's civil war . Wilson staffed his government with Southern Democrats who implemented racial segregation at the Treasury , Navy and other Federal offices . In the presidential election of 1916 , Wilson faced former New York Governor Charles Evans Hughes . By a narrow margin , he became the first Democrat since Andrew Jackson elected to two consecutive terms . In April 1917 , when Germany had resumed unrestricted submarine warfare and sent the Zimmermann Telegram , Wilson asked Congress to declare war in order to make `` the world safe for democracy . '' The United States conducted military operations alongside the Allies , although without a formal alliance . During the war , Wilson focused on diplomacy and financial considerations , leaving military strategy to the generals , especially General John J. Pershing . Through the Selective Service Act , conscription sent 10,000 freshly trained soldiers to France per day by the summer of 1918 . On the home front , he raised income taxes , borrowing billions of dollars through the public 's purchase of Liberty Bonds . He set up the War Industries Board , promoted labor union cooperation , regulated agriculture and food production through the Lever Act , and took direct control of the nation 's railroad system . Wilson asked Congress for what became the Espionage Act of 1917 and the Sedition Act of 1918 , suppressing anti-draft activists . The crackdown was intensified by his Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer to include expulsion of non-citizen radicals during the First Red Scare of 1919 -- 1920 . Early in 1918 , Wilson issued his principles for an end to the war , the Fourteen Points , and in 1919 , following an armistice , he traveled to Paris , promoting the formation of a League of Nations and concluding the Treaty of Versailles . Following his return from Europe , Wilson embarked on a nationwide tour in 1919 to campaign for the treaty , but suffered a severe stroke . The treaty was met with serious concern by Senate Republicans , and the Senate ultimately rejected the treaty . Due to his stroke , Wilson secluded himself in the White House , disability having diminished his power and influence , and he failed in his bid to win re-nomination at the 1920 Democratic National Convention . Wilson retired at the end of his presidency , and he died in 1924 . ", "James Harrison Wilson -LRB- September 2 , 1837 -- February 23 , 1925 -RRB- was a United States Army topographic engineer and a Union Army Major General in the American Civil War . He served as an aide to Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan during the Maryland Campaign before joining Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant 's army in the Western Theater , where he was promoted to brigadier general . In 1864 , he transferred from engineering to the cavalry , where he displayed notable leadership in many engagements of the Overland Campaign , though his attempt to destroy Lee 's supply lines failed when he was routed by a much smaller force of Confederate irregulars . Returning to the Western Theater , Wilson became one of the few Union commanders to defeat Confederate cavalier Nathan Bedford Forrest in battle - at the Battle of Franklin in November 1864 and again during his raid through Alabama and Georgia in March and April 1865 . Wilson ended the war with his men capturing both Confederate President Jefferson Davis and Andersonville Prison commandant Henry Wirz in May 1865 . Upon his death in 1925 , he was the fourth-to-last living Union Civil War general . ", "The Preparedness Movement , also referred to as the Preparedness Controversy , was a campaign led by Leonard Wood and Theodore Roosevelt to strengthen the military of the United States after the outbreak of World War I.Roosevelt wrote two books , America and the World War , and Fear God and Take Your Own Part to popularize the movement . Wood advocated a summer training school for reserve officers to be held in Plattsburg , New York . The movement was originally opposed by President Woodrow Wilson , who believed the United States should be in a position of neutrality in order to broker a compromise peace in Europe . Several organizations were formed around the Preparedness Movement and held parades and organized opposition to Wilson 's policies . After the Lusitania was sunk by German U-boats on May 7 , 1915 and Pancho Villa launched his raid against Columbus , New Mexico , Wilson 's attitude changed . Congress passed the National Defense Act of 1916 in June 1916 to authorize an increase in the size of the army from 100,000 men in 1916 to 200,000 on active duty and 400,000 in the National Guard , by 1921 . It also padded a large long-term increase in the navy . ", "The United States presidential election of 1916 was the 33rd quadrennial presidential election , held on Tuesday , November 7 , 1916 . Incumbent President Woodrow Wilson , the Democratic candidate , was pitted against Supreme Court Justice Charles Evans Hughes , the Republican candidate . After a hard-fought contest , Wilson defeated Hughes by nearly 600,000 votes in the popular vote and secured a narrow majority in the Electoral College by winning several swing states with razor-thin margins . Wilson 's re-election marked the first time that a Democratic Party candidate had won two consecutive Presidential elections since Andrew Jackson won re-election in the 1832 election . This was the last election before the ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution , which granted women the right to vote . The election took place during the time of the Mexican Revolution and Europe 's involvement in World War I. Although officially neutral in the European conflict , public opinion in the United States leaned towards the Allied forces headed by Great Britain and France against the German Empire and Austria-Hungary , due in large measure to the harsh treatment of civilians by the German Army in Belgium and northern France and the militaristic character of the German and Austrian monarchies . But in spite of their sympathy with the Allied forces , most American voters wanted to avoid involvement in the war and preferred to continue a policy of neutrality . Wilson 's campaign used the popular slogans `` He kept us out of war '' and `` America First '' to appeal to those voters who wanted to avoid a war in Europe or with Mexico . The progressive Hughes criticized Wilson for not taking the `` necessary preparations '' to face a conflict , which only served to strengthen Wilson 's image as an anti-war candidate . America entered the war in April 1917 , one month after Wilson 's inauguration as president . Despite the narrow margin of his win , the 1916 election saw an increase in Wilson 's popular vote from his election in 1912 , when he won a landslide in the Electoral College . Wilson accomplished this as a result of a split in the Republican vote in 1912 between the incumbent President William Howard Taft , a conservative , and former President Theodore Roosevelt , who ran as a Progressive . In 1916 , conservative and progressive Republicans were largely united under the moderate Hughes in their bid to oust Wilson . Nonetheless , Wilson attracted many voters who had earlier supported Roosevelt . The election of 1916 is one of only three elections in which a candidate was elected president without the support of his state of residence -LRB- in this case , New Jersey -RRB- . The other two were the election of 1844 , in which James K. Polk failed to carry Tennessee and the election of 2016 , in which Donald Trump failed to carry New York . Wilson , however , did win his state of birth -LRB- Virginia -RRB- . ", "John Francis Knott -LRB- December 7 , 1878 -- February 16 , 1963 -RRB- was an American cartoonist . He was born in Plzeň , Austria-Hungary and emigrated to Sioux City , Iowa with his widowed mother at the age of five . Knott started working at The Dallas Morning News in 1905 . He drew daily cartoons in the paper during Woodrow Wilson 's first presidential campaign and World War I. Knott 's most famous cartoon character `` Old Man Texas '' was a champion for government honesty , low taxes and property ownership . It is believed his cartoons supporting American entry into World War I helped increase the sales of Liberty Bonds and donations towards the war effort . Knott 's cartoons were reprinted in several publications including The Literary Digest , Review of Reviews , The Wall Street Journal , Los Angeles Times , New York Evening Post , the New York Herald Tribune , the St. Louis Post-Dispatch , and the Philadelphia Public Ledger . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Woodrow_Wilson", "James_H._Wilson", "Preparedness_Movement", "United_States_presidential_election,_1916", "John_F._Knott" ]

[ "Thomas Woodrow Wilson -LRB- December 28 , 1856 -- February 3 , 1924 -RRB- was an American politician and academic who served as the 28th President of the United States from 1913 to 1921 . A member of the Democratic Party , Wilson served as the President of Princeton University from 1902 to 1910 and as Governor of New Jersey from 1911 to 1913 . Wilson 's victory in the 1912 presidential election made him the first Southerner elected to the presidency since Zachary Taylor in 1848 , and Wilson became a leading force in the Progressive Movement . He also led the United States during World War I , establishing an activist foreign policy known as `` Wilsonianism . '' He was a major leader at the Paris Peace Conference in 1919 , where he championed the proposed League of Nations . However , he was unable to obtain Senate approval for U.S. membership . He suffered debilitating strokes in September 1919 ; after that his wife and staff handled most of his presidential duties . Born in Staunton , Virginia , he spent his early years in Augusta , Georgia and Columbia , South Carolina . His father was a leading Presbyterian in the Confederacy during the Civil War , and Wilson was always a devout Presbyterian and a proud Southerner . He took a law degree and then one of the first PhDs in political science awarded by Johns Hopkins University . He served as a professor and scholar at various institutions before being selected as President of Princeton University , a position he held from 1902 to 1910 . Wilson became a notable academic , arguing for the superiority of the parliamentary system . He was associated with Grover Cleveland and the conservative Bourbon Democrats until 1910 , when he moved left . With the help of state Democratic bosses , Wilson won the 1910 Democratic nomination for governor of New Jersey , and was elected as a fresh reformer , holding office from 1911 to 1913 . He overthrew the same bosses and gained a national reputation . He won the 1912 Democratic presidential nomination after forty-six rounds of balloting , with support from William Jennings Bryan . Former President Theodore Roosevelt 's third party candidacy split the Republican Party , which re-nominated incumbent President William Howard Taft . Wilson won the 1912 election with a plurality of the popular vote and a large majority in the electoral college . Leading the Congress that was now in Democratic hands , he oversaw the passage of progressive legislative policies unparalleled until the New Deal in 1933 . The Federal Reserve Act , Federal Trade Commission Act , the Clayton Antitrust Act , and the Federal Farm Loan Act were some of these new policies . Having taken office one month after ratification of the Sixteenth Amendment , Wilson called a special session of Congress , whose work culminated in the Revenue Act of 1913 , introducing an income tax and lowering tariffs . Through passage of the Adamson Act that imposed an 8-hour workday for railroads , he averted a railroad strike and an ensuing economic crisis . Upon the outbreak of World War I in 1914 , Wilson maintained a policy of neutrality , while pursuing a more aggressive policy in dealing with Mexico 's civil war . Wilson staffed his government with Southern Democrats who implemented racial segregation at the Treasury , Navy and other Federal offices . In the presidential election of 1916 , Wilson faced former New York Governor Charles Evans Hughes . By a narrow margin , he became the first Democrat since Andrew Jackson elected to two consecutive terms . In April 1917 , when Germany had resumed unrestricted submarine warfare and sent the Zimmermann Telegram , Wilson asked Congress to declare war in order to make `` the world safe for democracy . '' The United States conducted military operations alongside the Allies , although without a formal alliance . During the war , Wilson focused on diplomacy and financial considerations , leaving military strategy to the generals , especially General John J. Pershing . Through the Selective Service Act , conscription sent 10,000 freshly trained soldiers to France per day by the summer of 1918 . On the home front , he raised income taxes , borrowing billions of dollars through the public 's purchase of Liberty Bonds . He set up the War Industries Board , promoted labor union cooperation , regulated agriculture and food production through the Lever Act , and took direct control of the nation 's railroad system . Wilson asked Congress for what became the Espionage Act of 1917 and the Sedition Act of 1918 , suppressing anti-draft activists . The crackdown was intensified by his Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer to include expulsion of non-citizen radicals during the First Red Scare of 1919 -- 1920 . Early in 1918 , Wilson issued his principles for an end to the war , the Fourteen Points , and in 1919 , following an armistice , he traveled to Paris , promoting the formation of a League of Nations and concluding the Treaty of Versailles . Following his return from Europe , Wilson embarked on a nationwide tour in 1919 to campaign for the treaty , but suffered a severe stroke . The treaty was met with serious concern by Senate Republicans , and the Senate ultimately rejected the treaty . Due to his stroke , Wilson secluded himself in the White House , disability having diminished his power and influence , and he failed in his bid to win re-nomination at the 1920 Democratic National Convention . Wilson retired at the end of his presidency , and he died in 1924 . ", "James Harrison Wilson -LRB- September 2 , 1837 -- February 23 , 1925 -RRB- was a United States Army topographic engineer and a Union Army Major General in the American Civil War . He served as an aide to Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan during the Maryland Campaign before joining Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant 's army in the Western Theater , where he was promoted to brigadier general . In 1864 , he transferred from engineering to the cavalry , where he displayed notable leadership in many engagements of the Overland Campaign , though his attempt to destroy Lee 's supply lines failed when he was routed by a much smaller force of Confederate irregulars . Returning to the Western Theater , Wilson became one of the few Union commanders to defeat Confederate cavalier Nathan Bedford Forrest in battle - at the Battle of Franklin in November 1864 and again during his raid through Alabama and Georgia in March and April 1865 . Wilson ended the war with his men capturing both Confederate President Jefferson Davis and Andersonville Prison commandant Henry Wirz in May 1865 . Upon his death in 1925 , he was the fourth-to-last living Union Civil War general . ", "The Preparedness Movement , also referred to as the Preparedness Controversy , was a campaign led by Leonard Wood and Theodore Roosevelt to strengthen the military of the United States after the outbreak of World War I.Roosevelt wrote two books , America and the World War , and Fear God and Take Your Own Part to popularize the movement . Wood advocated a summer training school for reserve officers to be held in Plattsburg , New York . The movement was originally opposed by President Woodrow Wilson , who believed the United States should be in a position of neutrality in order to broker a compromise peace in Europe . Several organizations were formed around the Preparedness Movement and held parades and organized opposition to Wilson 's policies . After the Lusitania was sunk by German U-boats on May 7 , 1915 and Pancho Villa launched his raid against Columbus , New Mexico , Wilson 's attitude changed . Congress passed the National Defense Act of 1916 in June 1916 to authorize an increase in the size of the army from 100,000 men in 1916 to 200,000 on active duty and 400,000 in the National Guard , by 1921 . It also padded a large long-term increase in the navy . ", "The United States presidential election of 1916 was the 33rd quadrennial presidential election , held on Tuesday , November 7 , 1916 . Incumbent President Woodrow Wilson , the Democratic candidate , was pitted against Supreme Court Justice Charles Evans Hughes , the Republican candidate . After a hard-fought contest , Wilson defeated Hughes by nearly 600,000 votes in the popular vote and secured a narrow majority in the Electoral College by winning several swing states with razor-thin margins . Wilson 's re-election marked the first time that a Democratic Party candidate had won two consecutive Presidential elections since Andrew Jackson won re-election in the 1832 election . This was the last election before the ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution , which granted women the right to vote . The election took place during the time of the Mexican Revolution and Europe 's involvement in World War I. Although officially neutral in the European conflict , public opinion in the United States leaned towards the Allied forces headed by Great Britain and France against the German Empire and Austria-Hungary , due in large measure to the harsh treatment of civilians by the German Army in Belgium and northern France and the militaristic character of the German and Austrian monarchies . But in spite of their sympathy with the Allied forces , most American voters wanted to avoid involvement in the war and preferred to continue a policy of neutrality . Wilson 's campaign used the popular slogans `` He kept us out of war '' and `` America First '' to appeal to those voters who wanted to avoid a war in Europe or with Mexico . The progressive Hughes criticized Wilson for not taking the `` necessary preparations '' to face a conflict , which only served to strengthen Wilson 's image as an anti-war candidate . America entered the war in April 1917 , one month after Wilson 's inauguration as president . Despite the narrow margin of his win , the 1916 election saw an increase in Wilson 's popular vote from his election in 1912 , when he won a landslide in the Electoral College . Wilson accomplished this as a result of a split in the Republican vote in 1912 between the incumbent President William Howard Taft , a conservative , and former President Theodore Roosevelt , who ran as a Progressive . In 1916 , conservative and progressive Republicans were largely united under the moderate Hughes in their bid to oust Wilson . Nonetheless , Wilson attracted many voters who had earlier supported Roosevelt . The election of 1916 is one of only three elections in which a candidate was elected president without the support of his state of residence -LRB- in this case , New Jersey -RRB- . The other two were the election of 1844 , in which James K. Polk failed to carry Tennessee and the election of 2016 , in which Donald Trump failed to carry New York . Wilson , however , did win his state of birth -LRB- Virginia -RRB- . ", "John Francis Knott -LRB- December 7 , 1878 -- February 16 , 1963 -RRB- was an American cartoonist . He was born in Plzeň , Austria-Hungary and emigrated to Sioux City , Iowa with his widowed mother at the age of five . Knott started working at The Dallas Morning News in 1905 . He drew daily cartoons in the paper during Woodrow Wilson 's first presidential campaign and World War I. Knott 's most famous cartoon character `` Old Man Texas '' was a champion for government honesty , low taxes and property ownership . It is believed his cartoons supporting American entry into World War I helped increase the sales of Liberty Bonds and donations towards the war effort . Knott 's cartoons were reprinted in several publications including The Literary Digest , Review of Reviews , The Wall Street Journal , Los Angeles Times , New York Evening Post , the New York Herald Tribune , the St. Louis Post-Dispatch , and the Philadelphia Public Ledger . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Woodrow_Wilson", "James_H._Wilson", "Preparedness_Movement", "United_States_presidential_election,_1916", "John_F._Knott" ]

[ "Thomas Woodrow Wilson -LRB- December 28 , 1856 -- February 3 , 1924 -RRB- was an American politician and academic who served as the 28th President of the United States from 1913 to 1921 . A member of the Democratic Party , Wilson served as the President of Princeton University from 1902 to 1910 and as Governor of New Jersey from 1911 to 1913 . Wilson 's victory in the 1912 presidential election made him the first Southerner elected to the presidency since Zachary Taylor in 1848 , and Wilson became a leading force in the Progressive Movement . He also led the United States during World War I , establishing an activist foreign policy known as `` Wilsonianism . '' He was a major leader at the Paris Peace Conference in 1919 , where he championed the proposed League of Nations . However , he was unable to obtain Senate approval for U.S. membership . He suffered debilitating strokes in September 1919 ; after that his wife and staff handled most of his presidential duties . Born in Staunton , Virginia , he spent his early years in Augusta , Georgia and Columbia , South Carolina . His father was a leading Presbyterian in the Confederacy during the Civil War , and Wilson was always a devout Presbyterian and a proud Southerner . He took a law degree and then one of the first PhDs in political science awarded by Johns Hopkins University . He served as a professor and scholar at various institutions before being selected as President of Princeton University , a position he held from 1902 to 1910 . Wilson became a notable academic , arguing for the superiority of the parliamentary system . He was associated with Grover Cleveland and the conservative Bourbon Democrats until 1910 , when he moved left . With the help of state Democratic bosses , Wilson won the 1910 Democratic nomination for governor of New Jersey , and was elected as a fresh reformer , holding office from 1911 to 1913 . He overthrew the same bosses and gained a national reputation . He won the 1912 Democratic presidential nomination after forty-six rounds of balloting , with support from William Jennings Bryan . Former President Theodore Roosevelt 's third party candidacy split the Republican Party , which re-nominated incumbent President William Howard Taft . Wilson won the 1912 election with a plurality of the popular vote and a large majority in the electoral college . Leading the Congress that was now in Democratic hands , he oversaw the passage of progressive legislative policies unparalleled until the New Deal in 1933 . The Federal Reserve Act , Federal Trade Commission Act , the Clayton Antitrust Act , and the Federal Farm Loan Act were some of these new policies . Having taken office one month after ratification of the Sixteenth Amendment , Wilson called a special session of Congress , whose work culminated in the Revenue Act of 1913 , introducing an income tax and lowering tariffs . Through passage of the Adamson Act that imposed an 8-hour workday for railroads , he averted a railroad strike and an ensuing economic crisis . Upon the outbreak of World War I in 1914 , Wilson maintained a policy of neutrality , while pursuing a more aggressive policy in dealing with Mexico 's civil war . Wilson staffed his government with Southern Democrats who implemented racial segregation at the Treasury , Navy and other Federal offices . In the presidential election of 1916 , Wilson faced former New York Governor Charles Evans Hughes . By a narrow margin , he became the first Democrat since Andrew Jackson elected to two consecutive terms . In April 1917 , when Germany had resumed unrestricted submarine warfare and sent the Zimmermann Telegram , Wilson asked Congress to declare war in order to make `` the world safe for democracy . '' The United States conducted military operations alongside the Allies , although without a formal alliance . During the war , Wilson focused on diplomacy and financial considerations , leaving military strategy to the generals , especially General John J. Pershing . Through the Selective Service Act , conscription sent 10,000 freshly trained soldiers to France per day by the summer of 1918 . On the home front , he raised income taxes , borrowing billions of dollars through the public 's purchase of Liberty Bonds . He set up the War Industries Board , promoted labor union cooperation , regulated agriculture and food production through the Lever Act , and took direct control of the nation 's railroad system . Wilson asked Congress for what became the Espionage Act of 1917 and the Sedition Act of 1918 , suppressing anti-draft activists . The crackdown was intensified by his Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer to include expulsion of non-citizen radicals during the First Red Scare of 1919 -- 1920 . Early in 1918 , Wilson issued his principles for an end to the war , the Fourteen Points , and in 1919 , following an armistice , he traveled to Paris , promoting the formation of a League of Nations and concluding the Treaty of Versailles . Following his return from Europe , Wilson embarked on a nationwide tour in 1919 to campaign for the treaty , but suffered a severe stroke . The treaty was met with serious concern by Senate Republicans , and the Senate ultimately rejected the treaty . Due to his stroke , Wilson secluded himself in the White House , disability having diminished his power and influence , and he failed in his bid to win re-nomination at the 1920 Democratic National Convention . Wilson retired at the end of his presidency , and he died in 1924 . ", "James Harrison Wilson -LRB- September 2 , 1837 -- February 23 , 1925 -RRB- was a United States Army topographic engineer and a Union Army Major General in the American Civil War . He served as an aide to Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan during the Maryland Campaign before joining Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant 's army in the Western Theater , where he was promoted to brigadier general . In 1864 , he transferred from engineering to the cavalry , where he displayed notable leadership in many engagements of the Overland Campaign , though his attempt to destroy Lee 's supply lines failed when he was routed by a much smaller force of Confederate irregulars . Returning to the Western Theater , Wilson became one of the few Union commanders to defeat Confederate cavalier Nathan Bedford Forrest in battle - at the Battle of Franklin in November 1864 and again during his raid through Alabama and Georgia in March and April 1865 . Wilson ended the war with his men capturing both Confederate President Jefferson Davis and Andersonville Prison commandant Henry Wirz in May 1865 . Upon his death in 1925 , he was the fourth-to-last living Union Civil War general . ", "The Preparedness Movement , also referred to as the Preparedness Controversy , was a campaign led by Leonard Wood and Theodore Roosevelt to strengthen the military of the United States after the outbreak of World War I.Roosevelt wrote two books , America and the World War , and Fear God and Take Your Own Part to popularize the movement . Wood advocated a summer training school for reserve officers to be held in Plattsburg , New York . The movement was originally opposed by President Woodrow Wilson , who believed the United States should be in a position of neutrality in order to broker a compromise peace in Europe . Several organizations were formed around the Preparedness Movement and held parades and organized opposition to Wilson 's policies . After the Lusitania was sunk by German U-boats on May 7 , 1915 and Pancho Villa launched his raid against Columbus , New Mexico , Wilson 's attitude changed . Congress passed the National Defense Act of 1916 in June 1916 to authorize an increase in the size of the army from 100,000 men in 1916 to 200,000 on active duty and 400,000 in the National Guard , by 1921 . It also padded a large long-term increase in the navy . ", "The United States presidential election of 1916 was the 33rd quadrennial presidential election , held on Tuesday , November 7 , 1916 . Incumbent President Woodrow Wilson , the Democratic candidate , was pitted against Supreme Court Justice Charles Evans Hughes , the Republican candidate . After a hard-fought contest , Wilson defeated Hughes by nearly 600,000 votes in the popular vote and secured a narrow majority in the Electoral College by winning several swing states with razor-thin margins . Wilson 's re-election marked the first time that a Democratic Party candidate had won two consecutive Presidential elections since Andrew Jackson won re-election in the 1832 election . This was the last election before the ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution , which granted women the right to vote . The election took place during the time of the Mexican Revolution and Europe 's involvement in World War I. Although officially neutral in the European conflict , public opinion in the United States leaned towards the Allied forces headed by Great Britain and France against the German Empire and Austria-Hungary , due in large measure to the harsh treatment of civilians by the German Army in Belgium and northern France and the militaristic character of the German and Austrian monarchies . But in spite of their sympathy with the Allied forces , most American voters wanted to avoid involvement in the war and preferred to continue a policy of neutrality . Wilson 's campaign used the popular slogans `` He kept us out of war '' and `` America First '' to appeal to those voters who wanted to avoid a war in Europe or with Mexico . The progressive Hughes criticized Wilson for not taking the `` necessary preparations '' to face a conflict , which only served to strengthen Wilson 's image as an anti-war candidate . America entered the war in April 1917 , one month after Wilson 's inauguration as president . Despite the narrow margin of his win , the 1916 election saw an increase in Wilson 's popular vote from his election in 1912 , when he won a landslide in the Electoral College . Wilson accomplished this as a result of a split in the Republican vote in 1912 between the incumbent President William Howard Taft , a conservative , and former President Theodore Roosevelt , who ran as a Progressive . In 1916 , conservative and progressive Republicans were largely united under the moderate Hughes in their bid to oust Wilson . Nonetheless , Wilson attracted many voters who had earlier supported Roosevelt . The election of 1916 is one of only three elections in which a candidate was elected president without the support of his state of residence -LRB- in this case , New Jersey -RRB- . The other two were the election of 1844 , in which James K. Polk failed to carry Tennessee and the election of 2016 , in which Donald Trump failed to carry New York . Wilson , however , did win his state of birth -LRB- Virginia -RRB- . ", "John Francis Knott -LRB- December 7 , 1878 -- February 16 , 1963 -RRB- was an American cartoonist . He was born in Plzeň , Austria-Hungary and emigrated to Sioux City , Iowa with his widowed mother at the age of five . Knott started working at The Dallas Morning News in 1905 . He drew daily cartoons in the paper during Woodrow Wilson 's first presidential campaign and World War I. Knott 's most famous cartoon character `` Old Man Texas '' was a champion for government honesty , low taxes and property ownership . It is believed his cartoons supporting American entry into World War I helped increase the sales of Liberty Bonds and donations towards the war effort . Knott 's cartoons were reprinted in several publications including The Literary Digest , Review of Reviews , The Wall Street Journal , Los Angeles Times , New York Evening Post , the New York Herald Tribune , the St. Louis Post-Dispatch , and the Philadelphia Public Ledger . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Woodrow_Wilson", "James_H._Wilson", "Preparedness_Movement", "United_States_presidential_election,_1916", "John_F._Knott" ]

[ "Thomas Woodrow Wilson -LRB- December 28 , 1856 -- February 3 , 1924 -RRB- was an American politician and academic who served as the 28th President of the United States from 1913 to 1921 . A member of the Democratic Party , Wilson served as the President of Princeton University from 1902 to 1910 and as Governor of New Jersey from 1911 to 1913 . Wilson 's victory in the 1912 presidential election made him the first Southerner elected to the presidency since Zachary Taylor in 1848 , and Wilson became a leading force in the Progressive Movement . He also led the United States during World War I , establishing an activist foreign policy known as `` Wilsonianism . '' He was a major leader at the Paris Peace Conference in 1919 , where he championed the proposed League of Nations . However , he was unable to obtain Senate approval for U.S. membership . He suffered debilitating strokes in September 1919 ; after that his wife and staff handled most of his presidential duties . Born in Staunton , Virginia , he spent his early years in Augusta , Georgia and Columbia , South Carolina . His father was a leading Presbyterian in the Confederacy during the Civil War , and Wilson was always a devout Presbyterian and a proud Southerner . He took a law degree and then one of the first PhDs in political science awarded by Johns Hopkins University . He served as a professor and scholar at various institutions before being selected as President of Princeton University , a position he held from 1902 to 1910 . Wilson became a notable academic , arguing for the superiority of the parliamentary system . He was associated with Grover Cleveland and the conservative Bourbon Democrats until 1910 , when he moved left . With the help of state Democratic bosses , Wilson won the 1910 Democratic nomination for governor of New Jersey , and was elected as a fresh reformer , holding office from 1911 to 1913 . He overthrew the same bosses and gained a national reputation . He won the 1912 Democratic presidential nomination after forty-six rounds of balloting , with support from William Jennings Bryan . Former President Theodore Roosevelt 's third party candidacy split the Republican Party , which re-nominated incumbent President William Howard Taft . Wilson won the 1912 election with a plurality of the popular vote and a large majority in the electoral college . Leading the Congress that was now in Democratic hands , he oversaw the passage of progressive legislative policies unparalleled until the New Deal in 1933 . The Federal Reserve Act , Federal Trade Commission Act , the Clayton Antitrust Act , and the Federal Farm Loan Act were some of these new policies . Having taken office one month after ratification of the Sixteenth Amendment , Wilson called a special session of Congress , whose work culminated in the Revenue Act of 1913 , introducing an income tax and lowering tariffs . Through passage of the Adamson Act that imposed an 8-hour workday for railroads , he averted a railroad strike and an ensuing economic crisis . Upon the outbreak of World War I in 1914 , Wilson maintained a policy of neutrality , while pursuing a more aggressive policy in dealing with Mexico 's civil war . Wilson staffed his government with Southern Democrats who implemented racial segregation at the Treasury , Navy and other Federal offices . In the presidential election of 1916 , Wilson faced former New York Governor Charles Evans Hughes . By a narrow margin , he became the first Democrat since Andrew Jackson elected to two consecutive terms . In April 1917 , when Germany had resumed unrestricted submarine warfare and sent the Zimmermann Telegram , Wilson asked Congress to declare war in order to make `` the world safe for democracy . '' The United States conducted military operations alongside the Allies , although without a formal alliance . During the war , Wilson focused on diplomacy and financial considerations , leaving military strategy to the generals , especially General John J. Pershing . Through the Selective Service Act , conscription sent 10,000 freshly trained soldiers to France per day by the summer of 1918 . On the home front , he raised income taxes , borrowing billions of dollars through the public 's purchase of Liberty Bonds . He set up the War Industries Board , promoted labor union cooperation , regulated agriculture and food production through the Lever Act , and took direct control of the nation 's railroad system . Wilson asked Congress for what became the Espionage Act of 1917 and the Sedition Act of 1918 , suppressing anti-draft activists . The crackdown was intensified by his Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer to include expulsion of non-citizen radicals during the First Red Scare of 1919 -- 1920 . Early in 1918 , Wilson issued his principles for an end to the war , the Fourteen Points , and in 1919 , following an armistice , he traveled to Paris , promoting the formation of a League of Nations and concluding the Treaty of Versailles . Following his return from Europe , Wilson embarked on a nationwide tour in 1919 to campaign for the treaty , but suffered a severe stroke . The treaty was met with serious concern by Senate Republicans , and the Senate ultimately rejected the treaty . Due to his stroke , Wilson secluded himself in the White House , disability having diminished his power and influence , and he failed in his bid to win re-nomination at the 1920 Democratic National Convention . Wilson retired at the end of his presidency , and he died in 1924 . ", "James Harrison Wilson -LRB- September 2 , 1837 -- February 23 , 1925 -RRB- was a United States Army topographic engineer and a Union Army Major General in the American Civil War . He served as an aide to Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan during the Maryland Campaign before joining Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant 's army in the Western Theater , where he was promoted to brigadier general . In 1864 , he transferred from engineering to the cavalry , where he displayed notable leadership in many engagements of the Overland Campaign , though his attempt to destroy Lee 's supply lines failed when he was routed by a much smaller force of Confederate irregulars . Returning to the Western Theater , Wilson became one of the few Union commanders to defeat Confederate cavalier Nathan Bedford Forrest in battle - at the Battle of Franklin in November 1864 and again during his raid through Alabama and Georgia in March and April 1865 . Wilson ended the war with his men capturing both Confederate President Jefferson Davis and Andersonville Prison commandant Henry Wirz in May 1865 . Upon his death in 1925 , he was the fourth-to-last living Union Civil War general . ", "The Preparedness Movement , also referred to as the Preparedness Controversy , was a campaign led by Leonard Wood and Theodore Roosevelt to strengthen the military of the United States after the outbreak of World War I.Roosevelt wrote two books , America and the World War , and Fear God and Take Your Own Part to popularize the movement . Wood advocated a summer training school for reserve officers to be held in Plattsburg , New York . The movement was originally opposed by President Woodrow Wilson , who believed the United States should be in a position of neutrality in order to broker a compromise peace in Europe . Several organizations were formed around the Preparedness Movement and held parades and organized opposition to Wilson 's policies . After the Lusitania was sunk by German U-boats on May 7 , 1915 and Pancho Villa launched his raid against Columbus , New Mexico , Wilson 's attitude changed . Congress passed the National Defense Act of 1916 in June 1916 to authorize an increase in the size of the army from 100,000 men in 1916 to 200,000 on active duty and 400,000 in the National Guard , by 1921 . It also padded a large long-term increase in the navy . ", "The United States presidential election of 1916 was the 33rd quadrennial presidential election , held on Tuesday , November 7 , 1916 . Incumbent President Woodrow Wilson , the Democratic candidate , was pitted against Supreme Court Justice Charles Evans Hughes , the Republican candidate . After a hard-fought contest , Wilson defeated Hughes by nearly 600,000 votes in the popular vote and secured a narrow majority in the Electoral College by winning several swing states with razor-thin margins . Wilson 's re-election marked the first time that a Democratic Party candidate had won two consecutive Presidential elections since Andrew Jackson won re-election in the 1832 election . This was the last election before the ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution , which granted women the right to vote . The election took place during the time of the Mexican Revolution and Europe 's involvement in World War I. Although officially neutral in the European conflict , public opinion in the United States leaned towards the Allied forces headed by Great Britain and France against the German Empire and Austria-Hungary , due in large measure to the harsh treatment of civilians by the German Army in Belgium and northern France and the militaristic character of the German and Austrian monarchies . But in spite of their sympathy with the Allied forces , most American voters wanted to avoid involvement in the war and preferred to continue a policy of neutrality . Wilson 's campaign used the popular slogans `` He kept us out of war '' and `` America First '' to appeal to those voters who wanted to avoid a war in Europe or with Mexico . The progressive Hughes criticized Wilson for not taking the `` necessary preparations '' to face a conflict , which only served to strengthen Wilson 's image as an anti-war candidate . America entered the war in April 1917 , one month after Wilson 's inauguration as president . Despite the narrow margin of his win , the 1916 election saw an increase in Wilson 's popular vote from his election in 1912 , when he won a landslide in the Electoral College . Wilson accomplished this as a result of a split in the Republican vote in 1912 between the incumbent President William Howard Taft , a conservative , and former President Theodore Roosevelt , who ran as a Progressive . In 1916 , conservative and progressive Republicans were largely united under the moderate Hughes in their bid to oust Wilson . Nonetheless , Wilson attracted many voters who had earlier supported Roosevelt . The election of 1916 is one of only three elections in which a candidate was elected president without the support of his state of residence -LRB- in this case , New Jersey -RRB- . The other two were the election of 1844 , in which James K. Polk failed to carry Tennessee and the election of 2016 , in which Donald Trump failed to carry New York . Wilson , however , did win his state of birth -LRB- Virginia -RRB- . ", "John Francis Knott -LRB- December 7 , 1878 -- February 16 , 1963 -RRB- was an American cartoonist . He was born in Plzeň , Austria-Hungary and emigrated to Sioux City , Iowa with his widowed mother at the age of five . Knott started working at The Dallas Morning News in 1905 . He drew daily cartoons in the paper during Woodrow Wilson 's first presidential campaign and World War I. Knott 's most famous cartoon character `` Old Man Texas '' was a champion for government honesty , low taxes and property ownership . It is believed his cartoons supporting American entry into World War I helped increase the sales of Liberty Bonds and donations towards the war effort . Knott 's cartoons were reprinted in several publications including The Literary Digest , Review of Reviews , The Wall Street Journal , Los Angeles Times , New York Evening Post , the New York Herald Tribune , the St. Louis Post-Dispatch , and the Philadelphia Public Ledger . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Woodrow_Wilson", "James_H._Wilson", "Preparedness_Movement", "United_States_presidential_election,_1916", "John_F._Knott" ]

[ "Thomas Woodrow Wilson -LRB- December 28 , 1856 -- February 3 , 1924 -RRB- was an American politician and academic who served as the 28th President of the United States from 1913 to 1921 . A member of the Democratic Party , Wilson served as the President of Princeton University from 1902 to 1910 and as Governor of New Jersey from 1911 to 1913 . Wilson 's victory in the 1912 presidential election made him the first Southerner elected to the presidency since Zachary Taylor in 1848 , and Wilson became a leading force in the Progressive Movement . He also led the United States during World War I , establishing an activist foreign policy known as `` Wilsonianism . '' He was a major leader at the Paris Peace Conference in 1919 , where he championed the proposed League of Nations . However , he was unable to obtain Senate approval for U.S. membership . He suffered debilitating strokes in September 1919 ; after that his wife and staff handled most of his presidential duties . Born in Staunton , Virginia , he spent his early years in Augusta , Georgia and Columbia , South Carolina . His father was a leading Presbyterian in the Confederacy during the Civil War , and Wilson was always a devout Presbyterian and a proud Southerner . He took a law degree and then one of the first PhDs in political science awarded by Johns Hopkins University . He served as a professor and scholar at various institutions before being selected as President of Princeton University , a position he held from 1902 to 1910 . Wilson became a notable academic , arguing for the superiority of the parliamentary system . He was associated with Grover Cleveland and the conservative Bourbon Democrats until 1910 , when he moved left . With the help of state Democratic bosses , Wilson won the 1910 Democratic nomination for governor of New Jersey , and was elected as a fresh reformer , holding office from 1911 to 1913 . He overthrew the same bosses and gained a national reputation . He won the 1912 Democratic presidential nomination after forty-six rounds of balloting , with support from William Jennings Bryan . Former President Theodore Roosevelt 's third party candidacy split the Republican Party , which re-nominated incumbent President William Howard Taft . Wilson won the 1912 election with a plurality of the popular vote and a large majority in the electoral college . Leading the Congress that was now in Democratic hands , he oversaw the passage of progressive legislative policies unparalleled until the New Deal in 1933 . The Federal Reserve Act , Federal Trade Commission Act , the Clayton Antitrust Act , and the Federal Farm Loan Act were some of these new policies . Having taken office one month after ratification of the Sixteenth Amendment , Wilson called a special session of Congress , whose work culminated in the Revenue Act of 1913 , introducing an income tax and lowering tariffs . Through passage of the Adamson Act that imposed an 8-hour workday for railroads , he averted a railroad strike and an ensuing economic crisis . Upon the outbreak of World War I in 1914 , Wilson maintained a policy of neutrality , while pursuing a more aggressive policy in dealing with Mexico 's civil war . Wilson staffed his government with Southern Democrats who implemented racial segregation at the Treasury , Navy and other Federal offices . In the presidential election of 1916 , Wilson faced former New York Governor Charles Evans Hughes . By a narrow margin , he became the first Democrat since Andrew Jackson elected to two consecutive terms . In April 1917 , when Germany had resumed unrestricted submarine warfare and sent the Zimmermann Telegram , Wilson asked Congress to declare war in order to make `` the world safe for democracy . '' The United States conducted military operations alongside the Allies , although without a formal alliance . During the war , Wilson focused on diplomacy and financial considerations , leaving military strategy to the generals , especially General John J. Pershing . Through the Selective Service Act , conscription sent 10,000 freshly trained soldiers to France per day by the summer of 1918 . On the home front , he raised income taxes , borrowing billions of dollars through the public 's purchase of Liberty Bonds . He set up the War Industries Board , promoted labor union cooperation , regulated agriculture and food production through the Lever Act , and took direct control of the nation 's railroad system . Wilson asked Congress for what became the Espionage Act of 1917 and the Sedition Act of 1918 , suppressing anti-draft activists . The crackdown was intensified by his Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer to include expulsion of non-citizen radicals during the First Red Scare of 1919 -- 1920 . Early in 1918 , Wilson issued his principles for an end to the war , the Fourteen Points , and in 1919 , following an armistice , he traveled to Paris , promoting the formation of a League of Nations and concluding the Treaty of Versailles . Following his return from Europe , Wilson embarked on a nationwide tour in 1919 to campaign for the treaty , but suffered a severe stroke . The treaty was met with serious concern by Senate Republicans , and the Senate ultimately rejected the treaty . Due to his stroke , Wilson secluded himself in the White House , disability having diminished his power and influence , and he failed in his bid to win re-nomination at the 1920 Democratic National Convention . Wilson retired at the end of his presidency , and he died in 1924 . ", "James Harrison Wilson -LRB- September 2 , 1837 -- February 23 , 1925 -RRB- was a United States Army topographic engineer and a Union Army Major General in the American Civil War . He served as an aide to Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan during the Maryland Campaign before joining Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant 's army in the Western Theater , where he was promoted to brigadier general . In 1864 , he transferred from engineering to the cavalry , where he displayed notable leadership in many engagements of the Overland Campaign , though his attempt to destroy Lee 's supply lines failed when he was routed by a much smaller force of Confederate irregulars . Returning to the Western Theater , Wilson became one of the few Union commanders to defeat Confederate cavalier Nathan Bedford Forrest in battle - at the Battle of Franklin in November 1864 and again during his raid through Alabama and Georgia in March and April 1865 . Wilson ended the war with his men capturing both Confederate President Jefferson Davis and Andersonville Prison commandant Henry Wirz in May 1865 . Upon his death in 1925 , he was the fourth-to-last living Union Civil War general . ", "The Preparedness Movement , also referred to as the Preparedness Controversy , was a campaign led by Leonard Wood and Theodore Roosevelt to strengthen the military of the United States after the outbreak of World War I.Roosevelt wrote two books , America and the World War , and Fear God and Take Your Own Part to popularize the movement . Wood advocated a summer training school for reserve officers to be held in Plattsburg , New York . The movement was originally opposed by President Woodrow Wilson , who believed the United States should be in a position of neutrality in order to broker a compromise peace in Europe . Several organizations were formed around the Preparedness Movement and held parades and organized opposition to Wilson 's policies . After the Lusitania was sunk by German U-boats on May 7 , 1915 and Pancho Villa launched his raid against Columbus , New Mexico , Wilson 's attitude changed . Congress passed the National Defense Act of 1916 in June 1916 to authorize an increase in the size of the army from 100,000 men in 1916 to 200,000 on active duty and 400,000 in the National Guard , by 1921 . It also padded a large long-term increase in the navy . ", "The United States presidential election of 1916 was the 33rd quadrennial presidential election , held on Tuesday , November 7 , 1916 . Incumbent President Woodrow Wilson , the Democratic candidate , was pitted against Supreme Court Justice Charles Evans Hughes , the Republican candidate . After a hard-fought contest , Wilson defeated Hughes by nearly 600,000 votes in the popular vote and secured a narrow majority in the Electoral College by winning several swing states with razor-thin margins . Wilson 's re-election marked the first time that a Democratic Party candidate had won two consecutive Presidential elections since Andrew Jackson won re-election in the 1832 election . This was the last election before the ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution , which granted women the right to vote . The election took place during the time of the Mexican Revolution and Europe 's involvement in World War I. Although officially neutral in the European conflict , public opinion in the United States leaned towards the Allied forces headed by Great Britain and France against the German Empire and Austria-Hungary , due in large measure to the harsh treatment of civilians by the German Army in Belgium and northern France and the militaristic character of the German and Austrian monarchies . But in spite of their sympathy with the Allied forces , most American voters wanted to avoid involvement in the war and preferred to continue a policy of neutrality . Wilson 's campaign used the popular slogans `` He kept us out of war '' and `` America First '' to appeal to those voters who wanted to avoid a war in Europe or with Mexico . The progressive Hughes criticized Wilson for not taking the `` necessary preparations '' to face a conflict , which only served to strengthen Wilson 's image as an anti-war candidate . America entered the war in April 1917 , one month after Wilson 's inauguration as president . Despite the narrow margin of his win , the 1916 election saw an increase in Wilson 's popular vote from his election in 1912 , when he won a landslide in the Electoral College . Wilson accomplished this as a result of a split in the Republican vote in 1912 between the incumbent President William Howard Taft , a conservative , and former President Theodore Roosevelt , who ran as a Progressive . In 1916 , conservative and progressive Republicans were largely united under the moderate Hughes in their bid to oust Wilson . Nonetheless , Wilson attracted many voters who had earlier supported Roosevelt . The election of 1916 is one of only three elections in which a candidate was elected president without the support of his state of residence -LRB- in this case , New Jersey -RRB- . The other two were the election of 1844 , in which James K. Polk failed to carry Tennessee and the election of 2016 , in which Donald Trump failed to carry New York . Wilson , however , did win his state of birth -LRB- Virginia -RRB- . ", "John Francis Knott -LRB- December 7 , 1878 -- February 16 , 1963 -RRB- was an American cartoonist . He was born in Plzeň , Austria-Hungary and emigrated to Sioux City , Iowa with his widowed mother at the age of five . Knott started working at The Dallas Morning News in 1905 . He drew daily cartoons in the paper during Woodrow Wilson 's first presidential campaign and World War I. Knott 's most famous cartoon character `` Old Man Texas '' was a champion for government honesty , low taxes and property ownership . It is believed his cartoons supporting American entry into World War I helped increase the sales of Liberty Bonds and donations towards the war effort . Knott 's cartoons were reprinted in several publications including The Literary Digest , Review of Reviews , The Wall Street Journal , Los Angeles Times , New York Evening Post , the New York Herald Tribune , the St. Louis Post-Dispatch , and the Philadelphia Public Ledger . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Woodrow_Wilson", "James_H._Wilson", "Preparedness_Movement", "United_States_presidential_election,_1916", "John_F._Knott" ]

[ "Thomas Woodrow Wilson -LRB- December 28 , 1856 -- February 3 , 1924 -RRB- was an American politician and academic who served as the 28th President of the United States from 1913 to 1921 . A member of the Democratic Party , Wilson served as the President of Princeton University from 1902 to 1910 and as Governor of New Jersey from 1911 to 1913 . Wilson 's victory in the 1912 presidential election made him the first Southerner elected to the presidency since Zachary Taylor in 1848 , and Wilson became a leading force in the Progressive Movement . He also led the United States during World War I , establishing an activist foreign policy known as `` Wilsonianism . '' He was a major leader at the Paris Peace Conference in 1919 , where he championed the proposed League of Nations . However , he was unable to obtain Senate approval for U.S. membership . He suffered debilitating strokes in September 1919 ; after that his wife and staff handled most of his presidential duties . Born in Staunton , Virginia , he spent his early years in Augusta , Georgia and Columbia , South Carolina . His father was a leading Presbyterian in the Confederacy during the Civil War , and Wilson was always a devout Presbyterian and a proud Southerner . He took a law degree and then one of the first PhDs in political science awarded by Johns Hopkins University . He served as a professor and scholar at various institutions before being selected as President of Princeton University , a position he held from 1902 to 1910 . Wilson became a notable academic , arguing for the superiority of the parliamentary system . He was associated with Grover Cleveland and the conservative Bourbon Democrats until 1910 , when he moved left . With the help of state Democratic bosses , Wilson won the 1910 Democratic nomination for governor of New Jersey , and was elected as a fresh reformer , holding office from 1911 to 1913 . He overthrew the same bosses and gained a national reputation . He won the 1912 Democratic presidential nomination after forty-six rounds of balloting , with support from William Jennings Bryan . Former President Theodore Roosevelt 's third party candidacy split the Republican Party , which re-nominated incumbent President William Howard Taft . Wilson won the 1912 election with a plurality of the popular vote and a large majority in the electoral college . Leading the Congress that was now in Democratic hands , he oversaw the passage of progressive legislative policies unparalleled until the New Deal in 1933 . The Federal Reserve Act , Federal Trade Commission Act , the Clayton Antitrust Act , and the Federal Farm Loan Act were some of these new policies . Having taken office one month after ratification of the Sixteenth Amendment , Wilson called a special session of Congress , whose work culminated in the Revenue Act of 1913 , introducing an income tax and lowering tariffs . Through passage of the Adamson Act that imposed an 8-hour workday for railroads , he averted a railroad strike and an ensuing economic crisis . Upon the outbreak of World War I in 1914 , Wilson maintained a policy of neutrality , while pursuing a more aggressive policy in dealing with Mexico 's civil war . Wilson staffed his government with Southern Democrats who implemented racial segregation at the Treasury , Navy and other Federal offices . In the presidential election of 1916 , Wilson faced former New York Governor Charles Evans Hughes . By a narrow margin , he became the first Democrat since Andrew Jackson elected to two consecutive terms . In April 1917 , when Germany had resumed unrestricted submarine warfare and sent the Zimmermann Telegram , Wilson asked Congress to declare war in order to make `` the world safe for democracy . '' The United States conducted military operations alongside the Allies , although without a formal alliance . During the war , Wilson focused on diplomacy and financial considerations , leaving military strategy to the generals , especially General John J. Pershing . Through the Selective Service Act , conscription sent 10,000 freshly trained soldiers to France per day by the summer of 1918 . On the home front , he raised income taxes , borrowing billions of dollars through the public 's purchase of Liberty Bonds . He set up the War Industries Board , promoted labor union cooperation , regulated agriculture and food production through the Lever Act , and took direct control of the nation 's railroad system . Wilson asked Congress for what became the Espionage Act of 1917 and the Sedition Act of 1918 , suppressing anti-draft activists . The crackdown was intensified by his Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer to include expulsion of non-citizen radicals during the First Red Scare of 1919 -- 1920 . Early in 1918 , Wilson issued his principles for an end to the war , the Fourteen Points , and in 1919 , following an armistice , he traveled to Paris , promoting the formation of a League of Nations and concluding the Treaty of Versailles . Following his return from Europe , Wilson embarked on a nationwide tour in 1919 to campaign for the treaty , but suffered a severe stroke . The treaty was met with serious concern by Senate Republicans , and the Senate ultimately rejected the treaty . Due to his stroke , Wilson secluded himself in the White House , disability having diminished his power and influence , and he failed in his bid to win re-nomination at the 1920 Democratic National Convention . Wilson retired at the end of his presidency , and he died in 1924 . ", "James Harrison Wilson -LRB- September 2 , 1837 -- February 23 , 1925 -RRB- was a United States Army topographic engineer and a Union Army Major General in the American Civil War . He served as an aide to Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan during the Maryland Campaign before joining Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant 's army in the Western Theater , where he was promoted to brigadier general . In 1864 , he transferred from engineering to the cavalry , where he displayed notable leadership in many engagements of the Overland Campaign , though his attempt to destroy Lee 's supply lines failed when he was routed by a much smaller force of Confederate irregulars . Returning to the Western Theater , Wilson became one of the few Union commanders to defeat Confederate cavalier Nathan Bedford Forrest in battle - at the Battle of Franklin in November 1864 and again during his raid through Alabama and Georgia in March and April 1865 . Wilson ended the war with his men capturing both Confederate President Jefferson Davis and Andersonville Prison commandant Henry Wirz in May 1865 . Upon his death in 1925 , he was the fourth-to-last living Union Civil War general . ", "The Preparedness Movement , also referred to as the Preparedness Controversy , was a campaign led by Leonard Wood and Theodore Roosevelt to strengthen the military of the United States after the outbreak of World War I.Roosevelt wrote two books , America and the World War , and Fear God and Take Your Own Part to popularize the movement . Wood advocated a summer training school for reserve officers to be held in Plattsburg , New York . The movement was originally opposed by President Woodrow Wilson , who believed the United States should be in a position of neutrality in order to broker a compromise peace in Europe . Several organizations were formed around the Preparedness Movement and held parades and organized opposition to Wilson 's policies . After the Lusitania was sunk by German U-boats on May 7 , 1915 and Pancho Villa launched his raid against Columbus , New Mexico , Wilson 's attitude changed . Congress passed the National Defense Act of 1916 in June 1916 to authorize an increase in the size of the army from 100,000 men in 1916 to 200,000 on active duty and 400,000 in the National Guard , by 1921 . It also padded a large long-term increase in the navy . ", "The United States presidential election of 1916 was the 33rd quadrennial presidential election , held on Tuesday , November 7 , 1916 . Incumbent President Woodrow Wilson , the Democratic candidate , was pitted against Supreme Court Justice Charles Evans Hughes , the Republican candidate . After a hard-fought contest , Wilson defeated Hughes by nearly 600,000 votes in the popular vote and secured a narrow majority in the Electoral College by winning several swing states with razor-thin margins . Wilson 's re-election marked the first time that a Democratic Party candidate had won two consecutive Presidential elections since Andrew Jackson won re-election in the 1832 election . This was the last election before the ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution , which granted women the right to vote . The election took place during the time of the Mexican Revolution and Europe 's involvement in World War I. Although officially neutral in the European conflict , public opinion in the United States leaned towards the Allied forces headed by Great Britain and France against the German Empire and Austria-Hungary , due in large measure to the harsh treatment of civilians by the German Army in Belgium and northern France and the militaristic character of the German and Austrian monarchies . But in spite of their sympathy with the Allied forces , most American voters wanted to avoid involvement in the war and preferred to continue a policy of neutrality . Wilson 's campaign used the popular slogans `` He kept us out of war '' and `` America First '' to appeal to those voters who wanted to avoid a war in Europe or with Mexico . The progressive Hughes criticized Wilson for not taking the `` necessary preparations '' to face a conflict , which only served to strengthen Wilson 's image as an anti-war candidate . America entered the war in April 1917 , one month after Wilson 's inauguration as president . Despite the narrow margin of his win , the 1916 election saw an increase in Wilson 's popular vote from his election in 1912 , when he won a landslide in the Electoral College . Wilson accomplished this as a result of a split in the Republican vote in 1912 between the incumbent President William Howard Taft , a conservative , and former President Theodore Roosevelt , who ran as a Progressive . In 1916 , conservative and progressive Republicans were largely united under the moderate Hughes in their bid to oust Wilson . Nonetheless , Wilson attracted many voters who had earlier supported Roosevelt . The election of 1916 is one of only three elections in which a candidate was elected president without the support of his state of residence -LRB- in this case , New Jersey -RRB- . The other two were the election of 1844 , in which James K. Polk failed to carry Tennessee and the election of 2016 , in which Donald Trump failed to carry New York . Wilson , however , did win his state of birth -LRB- Virginia -RRB- . ", "John Francis Knott -LRB- December 7 , 1878 -- February 16 , 1963 -RRB- was an American cartoonist . He was born in Plzeň , Austria-Hungary and emigrated to Sioux City , Iowa with his widowed mother at the age of five . Knott started working at The Dallas Morning News in 1905 . He drew daily cartoons in the paper during Woodrow Wilson 's first presidential campaign and World War I. Knott 's most famous cartoon character `` Old Man Texas '' was a champion for government honesty , low taxes and property ownership . It is believed his cartoons supporting American entry into World War I helped increase the sales of Liberty Bonds and donations towards the war effort . Knott 's cartoons were reprinted in several publications including The Literary Digest , Review of Reviews , The Wall Street Journal , Los Angeles Times , New York Evening Post , the New York Herald Tribune , the St. Louis Post-Dispatch , and the Philadelphia Public Ledger . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Woodrow_Wilson", "James_H._Wilson", "Preparedness_Movement", "United_States_presidential_election,_1916", "John_F._Knott" ]

[ "Thomas Woodrow Wilson -LRB- December 28 , 1856 -- February 3 , 1924 -RRB- was an American politician and academic who served as the 28th President of the United States from 1913 to 1921 . A member of the Democratic Party , Wilson served as the President of Princeton University from 1902 to 1910 and as Governor of New Jersey from 1911 to 1913 . Wilson 's victory in the 1912 presidential election made him the first Southerner elected to the presidency since Zachary Taylor in 1848 , and Wilson became a leading force in the Progressive Movement . He also led the United States during World War I , establishing an activist foreign policy known as `` Wilsonianism . '' He was a major leader at the Paris Peace Conference in 1919 , where he championed the proposed League of Nations . However , he was unable to obtain Senate approval for U.S. membership . He suffered debilitating strokes in September 1919 ; after that his wife and staff handled most of his presidential duties . Born in Staunton , Virginia , he spent his early years in Augusta , Georgia and Columbia , South Carolina . His father was a leading Presbyterian in the Confederacy during the Civil War , and Wilson was always a devout Presbyterian and a proud Southerner . He took a law degree and then one of the first PhDs in political science awarded by Johns Hopkins University . He served as a professor and scholar at various institutions before being selected as President of Princeton University , a position he held from 1902 to 1910 . Wilson became a notable academic , arguing for the superiority of the parliamentary system . He was associated with Grover Cleveland and the conservative Bourbon Democrats until 1910 , when he moved left . With the help of state Democratic bosses , Wilson won the 1910 Democratic nomination for governor of New Jersey , and was elected as a fresh reformer , holding office from 1911 to 1913 . He overthrew the same bosses and gained a national reputation . He won the 1912 Democratic presidential nomination after forty-six rounds of balloting , with support from William Jennings Bryan . Former President Theodore Roosevelt 's third party candidacy split the Republican Party , which re-nominated incumbent President William Howard Taft . Wilson won the 1912 election with a plurality of the popular vote and a large majority in the electoral college . Leading the Congress that was now in Democratic hands , he oversaw the passage of progressive legislative policies unparalleled until the New Deal in 1933 . The Federal Reserve Act , Federal Trade Commission Act , the Clayton Antitrust Act , and the Federal Farm Loan Act were some of these new policies . Having taken office one month after ratification of the Sixteenth Amendment , Wilson called a special session of Congress , whose work culminated in the Revenue Act of 1913 , introducing an income tax and lowering tariffs . Through passage of the Adamson Act that imposed an 8-hour workday for railroads , he averted a railroad strike and an ensuing economic crisis . Upon the outbreak of World War I in 1914 , Wilson maintained a policy of neutrality , while pursuing a more aggressive policy in dealing with Mexico 's civil war . Wilson staffed his government with Southern Democrats who implemented racial segregation at the Treasury , Navy and other Federal offices . In the presidential election of 1916 , Wilson faced former New York Governor Charles Evans Hughes . By a narrow margin , he became the first Democrat since Andrew Jackson elected to two consecutive terms . In April 1917 , when Germany had resumed unrestricted submarine warfare and sent the Zimmermann Telegram , Wilson asked Congress to declare war in order to make `` the world safe for democracy . '' The United States conducted military operations alongside the Allies , although without a formal alliance . During the war , Wilson focused on diplomacy and financial considerations , leaving military strategy to the generals , especially General John J. Pershing . Through the Selective Service Act , conscription sent 10,000 freshly trained soldiers to France per day by the summer of 1918 . On the home front , he raised income taxes , borrowing billions of dollars through the public 's purchase of Liberty Bonds . He set up the War Industries Board , promoted labor union cooperation , regulated agriculture and food production through the Lever Act , and took direct control of the nation 's railroad system . Wilson asked Congress for what became the Espionage Act of 1917 and the Sedition Act of 1918 , suppressing anti-draft activists . The crackdown was intensified by his Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer to include expulsion of non-citizen radicals during the First Red Scare of 1919 -- 1920 . Early in 1918 , Wilson issued his principles for an end to the war , the Fourteen Points , and in 1919 , following an armistice , he traveled to Paris , promoting the formation of a League of Nations and concluding the Treaty of Versailles . Following his return from Europe , Wilson embarked on a nationwide tour in 1919 to campaign for the treaty , but suffered a severe stroke . The treaty was met with serious concern by Senate Republicans , and the Senate ultimately rejected the treaty . Due to his stroke , Wilson secluded himself in the White House , disability having diminished his power and influence , and he failed in his bid to win re-nomination at the 1920 Democratic National Convention . Wilson retired at the end of his presidency , and he died in 1924 . ", "James Harrison Wilson -LRB- September 2 , 1837 -- February 23 , 1925 -RRB- was a United States Army topographic engineer and a Union Army Major General in the American Civil War . He served as an aide to Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan during the Maryland Campaign before joining Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant 's army in the Western Theater , where he was promoted to brigadier general . In 1864 , he transferred from engineering to the cavalry , where he displayed notable leadership in many engagements of the Overland Campaign , though his attempt to destroy Lee 's supply lines failed when he was routed by a much smaller force of Confederate irregulars . Returning to the Western Theater , Wilson became one of the few Union commanders to defeat Confederate cavalier Nathan Bedford Forrest in battle - at the Battle of Franklin in November 1864 and again during his raid through Alabama and Georgia in March and April 1865 . Wilson ended the war with his men capturing both Confederate President Jefferson Davis and Andersonville Prison commandant Henry Wirz in May 1865 . Upon his death in 1925 , he was the fourth-to-last living Union Civil War general . ", "The Preparedness Movement , also referred to as the Preparedness Controversy , was a campaign led by Leonard Wood and Theodore Roosevelt to strengthen the military of the United States after the outbreak of World War I.Roosevelt wrote two books , America and the World War , and Fear God and Take Your Own Part to popularize the movement . Wood advocated a summer training school for reserve officers to be held in Plattsburg , New York . The movement was originally opposed by President Woodrow Wilson , who believed the United States should be in a position of neutrality in order to broker a compromise peace in Europe . Several organizations were formed around the Preparedness Movement and held parades and organized opposition to Wilson 's policies . After the Lusitania was sunk by German U-boats on May 7 , 1915 and Pancho Villa launched his raid against Columbus , New Mexico , Wilson 's attitude changed . Congress passed the National Defense Act of 1916 in June 1916 to authorize an increase in the size of the army from 100,000 men in 1916 to 200,000 on active duty and 400,000 in the National Guard , by 1921 . It also padded a large long-term increase in the navy . ", "The United States presidential election of 1916 was the 33rd quadrennial presidential election , held on Tuesday , November 7 , 1916 . Incumbent President Woodrow Wilson , the Democratic candidate , was pitted against Supreme Court Justice Charles Evans Hughes , the Republican candidate . After a hard-fought contest , Wilson defeated Hughes by nearly 600,000 votes in the popular vote and secured a narrow majority in the Electoral College by winning several swing states with razor-thin margins . Wilson 's re-election marked the first time that a Democratic Party candidate had won two consecutive Presidential elections since Andrew Jackson won re-election in the 1832 election . This was the last election before the ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution , which granted women the right to vote . The election took place during the time of the Mexican Revolution and Europe 's involvement in World War I. Although officially neutral in the European conflict , public opinion in the United States leaned towards the Allied forces headed by Great Britain and France against the German Empire and Austria-Hungary , due in large measure to the harsh treatment of civilians by the German Army in Belgium and northern France and the militaristic character of the German and Austrian monarchies . But in spite of their sympathy with the Allied forces , most American voters wanted to avoid involvement in the war and preferred to continue a policy of neutrality . Wilson 's campaign used the popular slogans `` He kept us out of war '' and `` America First '' to appeal to those voters who wanted to avoid a war in Europe or with Mexico . The progressive Hughes criticized Wilson for not taking the `` necessary preparations '' to face a conflict , which only served to strengthen Wilson 's image as an anti-war candidate . America entered the war in April 1917 , one month after Wilson 's inauguration as president . Despite the narrow margin of his win , the 1916 election saw an increase in Wilson 's popular vote from his election in 1912 , when he won a landslide in the Electoral College . Wilson accomplished this as a result of a split in the Republican vote in 1912 between the incumbent President William Howard Taft , a conservative , and former President Theodore Roosevelt , who ran as a Progressive . In 1916 , conservative and progressive Republicans were largely united under the moderate Hughes in their bid to oust Wilson . Nonetheless , Wilson attracted many voters who had earlier supported Roosevelt . The election of 1916 is one of only three elections in which a candidate was elected president without the support of his state of residence -LRB- in this case , New Jersey -RRB- . The other two were the election of 1844 , in which James K. Polk failed to carry Tennessee and the election of 2016 , in which Donald Trump failed to carry New York . Wilson , however , did win his state of birth -LRB- Virginia -RRB- . ", "John Francis Knott -LRB- December 7 , 1878 -- February 16 , 1963 -RRB- was an American cartoonist . He was born in Plzeň , Austria-Hungary and emigrated to Sioux City , Iowa with his widowed mother at the age of five . Knott started working at The Dallas Morning News in 1905 . He drew daily cartoons in the paper during Woodrow Wilson 's first presidential campaign and World War I. Knott 's most famous cartoon character `` Old Man Texas '' was a champion for government honesty , low taxes and property ownership . It is believed his cartoons supporting American entry into World War I helped increase the sales of Liberty Bonds and donations towards the war effort . Knott 's cartoons were reprinted in several publications including The Literary Digest , Review of Reviews , The Wall Street Journal , Los Angeles Times , New York Evening Post , the New York Herald Tribune , the St. Louis Post-Dispatch , and the Philadelphia Public Ledger . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Woodrow_Wilson", "James_H._Wilson", "Preparedness_Movement", "United_States_presidential_election,_1916", "John_F._Knott" ]

[ "Thomas Woodrow Wilson -LRB- December 28 , 1856 -- February 3 , 1924 -RRB- was an American politician and academic who served as the 28th President of the United States from 1913 to 1921 . A member of the Democratic Party , Wilson served as the President of Princeton University from 1902 to 1910 and as Governor of New Jersey from 1911 to 1913 . Wilson 's victory in the 1912 presidential election made him the first Southerner elected to the presidency since Zachary Taylor in 1848 , and Wilson became a leading force in the Progressive Movement . He also led the United States during World War I , establishing an activist foreign policy known as `` Wilsonianism . '' He was a major leader at the Paris Peace Conference in 1919 , where he championed the proposed League of Nations . However , he was unable to obtain Senate approval for U.S. membership . He suffered debilitating strokes in September 1919 ; after that his wife and staff handled most of his presidential duties . Born in Staunton , Virginia , he spent his early years in Augusta , Georgia and Columbia , South Carolina . His father was a leading Presbyterian in the Confederacy during the Civil War , and Wilson was always a devout Presbyterian and a proud Southerner . He took a law degree and then one of the first PhDs in political science awarded by Johns Hopkins University . He served as a professor and scholar at various institutions before being selected as President of Princeton University , a position he held from 1902 to 1910 . Wilson became a notable academic , arguing for the superiority of the parliamentary system . He was associated with Grover Cleveland and the conservative Bourbon Democrats until 1910 , when he moved left . With the help of state Democratic bosses , Wilson won the 1910 Democratic nomination for governor of New Jersey , and was elected as a fresh reformer , holding office from 1911 to 1913 . He overthrew the same bosses and gained a national reputation . He won the 1912 Democratic presidential nomination after forty-six rounds of balloting , with support from William Jennings Bryan . Former President Theodore Roosevelt 's third party candidacy split the Republican Party , which re-nominated incumbent President William Howard Taft . Wilson won the 1912 election with a plurality of the popular vote and a large majority in the electoral college . Leading the Congress that was now in Democratic hands , he oversaw the passage of progressive legislative policies unparalleled until the New Deal in 1933 . The Federal Reserve Act , Federal Trade Commission Act , the Clayton Antitrust Act , and the Federal Farm Loan Act were some of these new policies . Having taken office one month after ratification of the Sixteenth Amendment , Wilson called a special session of Congress , whose work culminated in the Revenue Act of 1913 , introducing an income tax and lowering tariffs . Through passage of the Adamson Act that imposed an 8-hour workday for railroads , he averted a railroad strike and an ensuing economic crisis . Upon the outbreak of World War I in 1914 , Wilson maintained a policy of neutrality , while pursuing a more aggressive policy in dealing with Mexico 's civil war . Wilson staffed his government with Southern Democrats who implemented racial segregation at the Treasury , Navy and other Federal offices . In the presidential election of 1916 , Wilson faced former New York Governor Charles Evans Hughes . By a narrow margin , he became the first Democrat since Andrew Jackson elected to two consecutive terms . In April 1917 , when Germany had resumed unrestricted submarine warfare and sent the Zimmermann Telegram , Wilson asked Congress to declare war in order to make `` the world safe for democracy . '' The United States conducted military operations alongside the Allies , although without a formal alliance . During the war , Wilson focused on diplomacy and financial considerations , leaving military strategy to the generals , especially General John J. Pershing . Through the Selective Service Act , conscription sent 10,000 freshly trained soldiers to France per day by the summer of 1918 . On the home front , he raised income taxes , borrowing billions of dollars through the public 's purchase of Liberty Bonds . He set up the War Industries Board , promoted labor union cooperation , regulated agriculture and food production through the Lever Act , and took direct control of the nation 's railroad system . Wilson asked Congress for what became the Espionage Act of 1917 and the Sedition Act of 1918 , suppressing anti-draft activists . The crackdown was intensified by his Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer to include expulsion of non-citizen radicals during the First Red Scare of 1919 -- 1920 . Early in 1918 , Wilson issued his principles for an end to the war , the Fourteen Points , and in 1919 , following an armistice , he traveled to Paris , promoting the formation of a League of Nations and concluding the Treaty of Versailles . Following his return from Europe , Wilson embarked on a nationwide tour in 1919 to campaign for the treaty , but suffered a severe stroke . The treaty was met with serious concern by Senate Republicans , and the Senate ultimately rejected the treaty . Due to his stroke , Wilson secluded himself in the White House , disability having diminished his power and influence , and he failed in his bid to win re-nomination at the 1920 Democratic National Convention . Wilson retired at the end of his presidency , and he died in 1924 . ", "James Harrison Wilson -LRB- September 2 , 1837 -- February 23 , 1925 -RRB- was a United States Army topographic engineer and a Union Army Major General in the American Civil War . He served as an aide to Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan during the Maryland Campaign before joining Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant 's army in the Western Theater , where he was promoted to brigadier general . In 1864 , he transferred from engineering to the cavalry , where he displayed notable leadership in many engagements of the Overland Campaign , though his attempt to destroy Lee 's supply lines failed when he was routed by a much smaller force of Confederate irregulars . Returning to the Western Theater , Wilson became one of the few Union commanders to defeat Confederate cavalier Nathan Bedford Forrest in battle - at the Battle of Franklin in November 1864 and again during his raid through Alabama and Georgia in March and April 1865 . Wilson ended the war with his men capturing both Confederate President Jefferson Davis and Andersonville Prison commandant Henry Wirz in May 1865 . Upon his death in 1925 , he was the fourth-to-last living Union Civil War general . ", "The Preparedness Movement , also referred to as the Preparedness Controversy , was a campaign led by Leonard Wood and Theodore Roosevelt to strengthen the military of the United States after the outbreak of World War I.Roosevelt wrote two books , America and the World War , and Fear God and Take Your Own Part to popularize the movement . Wood advocated a summer training school for reserve officers to be held in Plattsburg , New York . The movement was originally opposed by President Woodrow Wilson , who believed the United States should be in a position of neutrality in order to broker a compromise peace in Europe . Several organizations were formed around the Preparedness Movement and held parades and organized opposition to Wilson 's policies . After the Lusitania was sunk by German U-boats on May 7 , 1915 and Pancho Villa launched his raid against Columbus , New Mexico , Wilson 's attitude changed . Congress passed the National Defense Act of 1916 in June 1916 to authorize an increase in the size of the army from 100,000 men in 1916 to 200,000 on active duty and 400,000 in the National Guard , by 1921 . It also padded a large long-term increase in the navy . ", "The United States presidential election of 1916 was the 33rd quadrennial presidential election , held on Tuesday , November 7 , 1916 . Incumbent President Woodrow Wilson , the Democratic candidate , was pitted against Supreme Court Justice Charles Evans Hughes , the Republican candidate . After a hard-fought contest , Wilson defeated Hughes by nearly 600,000 votes in the popular vote and secured a narrow majority in the Electoral College by winning several swing states with razor-thin margins . Wilson 's re-election marked the first time that a Democratic Party candidate had won two consecutive Presidential elections since Andrew Jackson won re-election in the 1832 election . This was the last election before the ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution , which granted women the right to vote . The election took place during the time of the Mexican Revolution and Europe 's involvement in World War I. Although officially neutral in the European conflict , public opinion in the United States leaned towards the Allied forces headed by Great Britain and France against the German Empire and Austria-Hungary , due in large measure to the harsh treatment of civilians by the German Army in Belgium and northern France and the militaristic character of the German and Austrian monarchies . But in spite of their sympathy with the Allied forces , most American voters wanted to avoid involvement in the war and preferred to continue a policy of neutrality . Wilson 's campaign used the popular slogans `` He kept us out of war '' and `` America First '' to appeal to those voters who wanted to avoid a war in Europe or with Mexico . The progressive Hughes criticized Wilson for not taking the `` necessary preparations '' to face a conflict , which only served to strengthen Wilson 's image as an anti-war candidate . America entered the war in April 1917 , one month after Wilson 's inauguration as president . Despite the narrow margin of his win , the 1916 election saw an increase in Wilson 's popular vote from his election in 1912 , when he won a landslide in the Electoral College . Wilson accomplished this as a result of a split in the Republican vote in 1912 between the incumbent President William Howard Taft , a conservative , and former President Theodore Roosevelt , who ran as a Progressive . In 1916 , conservative and progressive Republicans were largely united under the moderate Hughes in their bid to oust Wilson . Nonetheless , Wilson attracted many voters who had earlier supported Roosevelt . The election of 1916 is one of only three elections in which a candidate was elected president without the support of his state of residence -LRB- in this case , New Jersey -RRB- . The other two were the election of 1844 , in which James K. Polk failed to carry Tennessee and the election of 2016 , in which Donald Trump failed to carry New York . Wilson , however , did win his state of birth -LRB- Virginia -RRB- . ", "John Francis Knott -LRB- December 7 , 1878 -- February 16 , 1963 -RRB- was an American cartoonist . He was born in Plzeň , Austria-Hungary and emigrated to Sioux City , Iowa with his widowed mother at the age of five . Knott started working at The Dallas Morning News in 1905 . He drew daily cartoons in the paper during Woodrow Wilson 's first presidential campaign and World War I. Knott 's most famous cartoon character `` Old Man Texas '' was a champion for government honesty , low taxes and property ownership . It is believed his cartoons supporting American entry into World War I helped increase the sales of Liberty Bonds and donations towards the war effort . Knott 's cartoons were reprinted in several publications including The Literary Digest , Review of Reviews , The Wall Street Journal , Los Angeles Times , New York Evening Post , the New York Herald Tribune , the St. Louis Post-Dispatch , and the Philadelphia Public Ledger . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Woodrow_Wilson", "James_H._Wilson", "Preparedness_Movement", "United_States_presidential_election,_1916", "John_F._Knott" ]

[ "Thomas Woodrow Wilson -LRB- December 28 , 1856 -- February 3 , 1924 -RRB- was an American politician and academic who served as the 28th President of the United States from 1913 to 1921 . A member of the Democratic Party , Wilson served as the President of Princeton University from 1902 to 1910 and as Governor of New Jersey from 1911 to 1913 . Wilson 's victory in the 1912 presidential election made him the first Southerner elected to the presidency since Zachary Taylor in 1848 , and Wilson became a leading force in the Progressive Movement . He also led the United States during World War I , establishing an activist foreign policy known as `` Wilsonianism . '' He was a major leader at the Paris Peace Conference in 1919 , where he championed the proposed League of Nations . However , he was unable to obtain Senate approval for U.S. membership . He suffered debilitating strokes in September 1919 ; after that his wife and staff handled most of his presidential duties . Born in Staunton , Virginia , he spent his early years in Augusta , Georgia and Columbia , South Carolina . His father was a leading Presbyterian in the Confederacy during the Civil War , and Wilson was always a devout Presbyterian and a proud Southerner . He took a law degree and then one of the first PhDs in political science awarded by Johns Hopkins University . He served as a professor and scholar at various institutions before being selected as President of Princeton University , a position he held from 1902 to 1910 . Wilson became a notable academic , arguing for the superiority of the parliamentary system . He was associated with Grover Cleveland and the conservative Bourbon Democrats until 1910 , when he moved left . With the help of state Democratic bosses , Wilson won the 1910 Democratic nomination for governor of New Jersey , and was elected as a fresh reformer , holding office from 1911 to 1913 . He overthrew the same bosses and gained a national reputation . He won the 1912 Democratic presidential nomination after forty-six rounds of balloting , with support from William Jennings Bryan . Former President Theodore Roosevelt 's third party candidacy split the Republican Party , which re-nominated incumbent President William Howard Taft . Wilson won the 1912 election with a plurality of the popular vote and a large majority in the electoral college . Leading the Congress that was now in Democratic hands , he oversaw the passage of progressive legislative policies unparalleled until the New Deal in 1933 . The Federal Reserve Act , Federal Trade Commission Act , the Clayton Antitrust Act , and the Federal Farm Loan Act were some of these new policies . Having taken office one month after ratification of the Sixteenth Amendment , Wilson called a special session of Congress , whose work culminated in the Revenue Act of 1913 , introducing an income tax and lowering tariffs . Through passage of the Adamson Act that imposed an 8-hour workday for railroads , he averted a railroad strike and an ensuing economic crisis . Upon the outbreak of World War I in 1914 , Wilson maintained a policy of neutrality , while pursuing a more aggressive policy in dealing with Mexico 's civil war . Wilson staffed his government with Southern Democrats who implemented racial segregation at the Treasury , Navy and other Federal offices . In the presidential election of 1916 , Wilson faced former New York Governor Charles Evans Hughes . By a narrow margin , he became the first Democrat since Andrew Jackson elected to two consecutive terms . In April 1917 , when Germany had resumed unrestricted submarine warfare and sent the Zimmermann Telegram , Wilson asked Congress to declare war in order to make `` the world safe for democracy . '' The United States conducted military operations alongside the Allies , although without a formal alliance . During the war , Wilson focused on diplomacy and financial considerations , leaving military strategy to the generals , especially General John J. Pershing . Through the Selective Service Act , conscription sent 10,000 freshly trained soldiers to France per day by the summer of 1918 . On the home front , he raised income taxes , borrowing billions of dollars through the public 's purchase of Liberty Bonds . He set up the War Industries Board , promoted labor union cooperation , regulated agriculture and food production through the Lever Act , and took direct control of the nation 's railroad system . Wilson asked Congress for what became the Espionage Act of 1917 and the Sedition Act of 1918 , suppressing anti-draft activists . The crackdown was intensified by his Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer to include expulsion of non-citizen radicals during the First Red Scare of 1919 -- 1920 . Early in 1918 , Wilson issued his principles for an end to the war , the Fourteen Points , and in 1919 , following an armistice , he traveled to Paris , promoting the formation of a League of Nations and concluding the Treaty of Versailles . Following his return from Europe , Wilson embarked on a nationwide tour in 1919 to campaign for the treaty , but suffered a severe stroke . The treaty was met with serious concern by Senate Republicans , and the Senate ultimately rejected the treaty . Due to his stroke , Wilson secluded himself in the White House , disability having diminished his power and influence , and he failed in his bid to win re-nomination at the 1920 Democratic National Convention . Wilson retired at the end of his presidency , and he died in 1924 . ", "James Harrison Wilson -LRB- September 2 , 1837 -- February 23 , 1925 -RRB- was a United States Army topographic engineer and a Union Army Major General in the American Civil War . He served as an aide to Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan during the Maryland Campaign before joining Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant 's army in the Western Theater , where he was promoted to brigadier general . In 1864 , he transferred from engineering to the cavalry , where he displayed notable leadership in many engagements of the Overland Campaign , though his attempt to destroy Lee 's supply lines failed when he was routed by a much smaller force of Confederate irregulars . Returning to the Western Theater , Wilson became one of the few Union commanders to defeat Confederate cavalier Nathan Bedford Forrest in battle - at the Battle of Franklin in November 1864 and again during his raid through Alabama and Georgia in March and April 1865 . Wilson ended the war with his men capturing both Confederate President Jefferson Davis and Andersonville Prison commandant Henry Wirz in May 1865 . Upon his death in 1925 , he was the fourth-to-last living Union Civil War general . ", "The Preparedness Movement , also referred to as the Preparedness Controversy , was a campaign led by Leonard Wood and Theodore Roosevelt to strengthen the military of the United States after the outbreak of World War I.Roosevelt wrote two books , America and the World War , and Fear God and Take Your Own Part to popularize the movement . Wood advocated a summer training school for reserve officers to be held in Plattsburg , New York . The movement was originally opposed by President Woodrow Wilson , who believed the United States should be in a position of neutrality in order to broker a compromise peace in Europe . Several organizations were formed around the Preparedness Movement and held parades and organized opposition to Wilson 's policies . After the Lusitania was sunk by German U-boats on May 7 , 1915 and Pancho Villa launched his raid against Columbus , New Mexico , Wilson 's attitude changed . Congress passed the National Defense Act of 1916 in June 1916 to authorize an increase in the size of the army from 100,000 men in 1916 to 200,000 on active duty and 400,000 in the National Guard , by 1921 . It also padded a large long-term increase in the navy . ", "The United States presidential election of 1916 was the 33rd quadrennial presidential election , held on Tuesday , November 7 , 1916 . Incumbent President Woodrow Wilson , the Democratic candidate , was pitted against Supreme Court Justice Charles Evans Hughes , the Republican candidate . After a hard-fought contest , Wilson defeated Hughes by nearly 600,000 votes in the popular vote and secured a narrow majority in the Electoral College by winning several swing states with razor-thin margins . Wilson 's re-election marked the first time that a Democratic Party candidate had won two consecutive Presidential elections since Andrew Jackson won re-election in the 1832 election . This was the last election before the ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution , which granted women the right to vote . The election took place during the time of the Mexican Revolution and Europe 's involvement in World War I. Although officially neutral in the European conflict , public opinion in the United States leaned towards the Allied forces headed by Great Britain and France against the German Empire and Austria-Hungary , due in large measure to the harsh treatment of civilians by the German Army in Belgium and northern France and the militaristic character of the German and Austrian monarchies . But in spite of their sympathy with the Allied forces , most American voters wanted to avoid involvement in the war and preferred to continue a policy of neutrality . Wilson 's campaign used the popular slogans `` He kept us out of war '' and `` America First '' to appeal to those voters who wanted to avoid a war in Europe or with Mexico . The progressive Hughes criticized Wilson for not taking the `` necessary preparations '' to face a conflict , which only served to strengthen Wilson 's image as an anti-war candidate . America entered the war in April 1917 , one month after Wilson 's inauguration as president . Despite the narrow margin of his win , the 1916 election saw an increase in Wilson 's popular vote from his election in 1912 , when he won a landslide in the Electoral College . Wilson accomplished this as a result of a split in the Republican vote in 1912 between the incumbent President William Howard Taft , a conservative , and former President Theodore Roosevelt , who ran as a Progressive . In 1916 , conservative and progressive Republicans were largely united under the moderate Hughes in their bid to oust Wilson . Nonetheless , Wilson attracted many voters who had earlier supported Roosevelt . The election of 1916 is one of only three elections in which a candidate was elected president without the support of his state of residence -LRB- in this case , New Jersey -RRB- . The other two were the election of 1844 , in which James K. Polk failed to carry Tennessee and the election of 2016 , in which Donald Trump failed to carry New York . Wilson , however , did win his state of birth -LRB- Virginia -RRB- . ", "John Francis Knott -LRB- December 7 , 1878 -- February 16 , 1963 -RRB- was an American cartoonist . He was born in Plzeň , Austria-Hungary and emigrated to Sioux City , Iowa with his widowed mother at the age of five . Knott started working at The Dallas Morning News in 1905 . He drew daily cartoons in the paper during Woodrow Wilson 's first presidential campaign and World War I. Knott 's most famous cartoon character `` Old Man Texas '' was a champion for government honesty , low taxes and property ownership . It is believed his cartoons supporting American entry into World War I helped increase the sales of Liberty Bonds and donations towards the war effort . Knott 's cartoons were reprinted in several publications including The Literary Digest , Review of Reviews , The Wall Street Journal , Los Angeles Times , New York Evening Post , the New York Herald Tribune , the St. Louis Post-Dispatch , and the Philadelphia Public Ledger . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Woodrow_Wilson", "James_H._Wilson", "Preparedness_Movement", "United_States_presidential_election,_1916", "John_F._Knott" ]

[ "Thomas Woodrow Wilson -LRB- December 28 , 1856 -- February 3 , 1924 -RRB- was an American politician and academic who served as the 28th President of the United States from 1913 to 1921 . A member of the Democratic Party , Wilson served as the President of Princeton University from 1902 to 1910 and as Governor of New Jersey from 1911 to 1913 . Wilson 's victory in the 1912 presidential election made him the first Southerner elected to the presidency since Zachary Taylor in 1848 , and Wilson became a leading force in the Progressive Movement . He also led the United States during World War I , establishing an activist foreign policy known as `` Wilsonianism . '' He was a major leader at the Paris Peace Conference in 1919 , where he championed the proposed League of Nations . However , he was unable to obtain Senate approval for U.S. membership . He suffered debilitating strokes in September 1919 ; after that his wife and staff handled most of his presidential duties . Born in Staunton , Virginia , he spent his early years in Augusta , Georgia and Columbia , South Carolina . His father was a leading Presbyterian in the Confederacy during the Civil War , and Wilson was always a devout Presbyterian and a proud Southerner . He took a law degree and then one of the first PhDs in political science awarded by Johns Hopkins University . He served as a professor and scholar at various institutions before being selected as President of Princeton University , a position he held from 1902 to 1910 . Wilson became a notable academic , arguing for the superiority of the parliamentary system . He was associated with Grover Cleveland and the conservative Bourbon Democrats until 1910 , when he moved left . With the help of state Democratic bosses , Wilson won the 1910 Democratic nomination for governor of New Jersey , and was elected as a fresh reformer , holding office from 1911 to 1913 . He overthrew the same bosses and gained a national reputation . He won the 1912 Democratic presidential nomination after forty-six rounds of balloting , with support from William Jennings Bryan . Former President Theodore Roosevelt 's third party candidacy split the Republican Party , which re-nominated incumbent President William Howard Taft . Wilson won the 1912 election with a plurality of the popular vote and a large majority in the electoral college . Leading the Congress that was now in Democratic hands , he oversaw the passage of progressive legislative policies unparalleled until the New Deal in 1933 . The Federal Reserve Act , Federal Trade Commission Act , the Clayton Antitrust Act , and the Federal Farm Loan Act were some of these new policies . Having taken office one month after ratification of the Sixteenth Amendment , Wilson called a special session of Congress , whose work culminated in the Revenue Act of 1913 , introducing an income tax and lowering tariffs . Through passage of the Adamson Act that imposed an 8-hour workday for railroads , he averted a railroad strike and an ensuing economic crisis . Upon the outbreak of World War I in 1914 , Wilson maintained a policy of neutrality , while pursuing a more aggressive policy in dealing with Mexico 's civil war . Wilson staffed his government with Southern Democrats who implemented racial segregation at the Treasury , Navy and other Federal offices . In the presidential election of 1916 , Wilson faced former New York Governor Charles Evans Hughes . By a narrow margin , he became the first Democrat since Andrew Jackson elected to two consecutive terms . In April 1917 , when Germany had resumed unrestricted submarine warfare and sent the Zimmermann Telegram , Wilson asked Congress to declare war in order to make `` the world safe for democracy . '' The United States conducted military operations alongside the Allies , although without a formal alliance . During the war , Wilson focused on diplomacy and financial considerations , leaving military strategy to the generals , especially General John J. Pershing . Through the Selective Service Act , conscription sent 10,000 freshly trained soldiers to France per day by the summer of 1918 . On the home front , he raised income taxes , borrowing billions of dollars through the public 's purchase of Liberty Bonds . He set up the War Industries Board , promoted labor union cooperation , regulated agriculture and food production through the Lever Act , and took direct control of the nation 's railroad system . Wilson asked Congress for what became the Espionage Act of 1917 and the Sedition Act of 1918 , suppressing anti-draft activists . The crackdown was intensified by his Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer to include expulsion of non-citizen radicals during the First Red Scare of 1919 -- 1920 . Early in 1918 , Wilson issued his principles for an end to the war , the Fourteen Points , and in 1919 , following an armistice , he traveled to Paris , promoting the formation of a League of Nations and concluding the Treaty of Versailles . Following his return from Europe , Wilson embarked on a nationwide tour in 1919 to campaign for the treaty , but suffered a severe stroke . The treaty was met with serious concern by Senate Republicans , and the Senate ultimately rejected the treaty . Due to his stroke , Wilson secluded himself in the White House , disability having diminished his power and influence , and he failed in his bid to win re-nomination at the 1920 Democratic National Convention . Wilson retired at the end of his presidency , and he died in 1924 . ", "James Harrison Wilson -LRB- September 2 , 1837 -- February 23 , 1925 -RRB- was a United States Army topographic engineer and a Union Army Major General in the American Civil War . He served as an aide to Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan during the Maryland Campaign before joining Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant 's army in the Western Theater , where he was promoted to brigadier general . In 1864 , he transferred from engineering to the cavalry , where he displayed notable leadership in many engagements of the Overland Campaign , though his attempt to destroy Lee 's supply lines failed when he was routed by a much smaller force of Confederate irregulars . Returning to the Western Theater , Wilson became one of the few Union commanders to defeat Confederate cavalier Nathan Bedford Forrest in battle - at the Battle of Franklin in November 1864 and again during his raid through Alabama and Georgia in March and April 1865 . Wilson ended the war with his men capturing both Confederate President Jefferson Davis and Andersonville Prison commandant Henry Wirz in May 1865 . Upon his death in 1925 , he was the fourth-to-last living Union Civil War general . ", "The Preparedness Movement , also referred to as the Preparedness Controversy , was a campaign led by Leonard Wood and Theodore Roosevelt to strengthen the military of the United States after the outbreak of World War I.Roosevelt wrote two books , America and the World War , and Fear God and Take Your Own Part to popularize the movement . Wood advocated a summer training school for reserve officers to be held in Plattsburg , New York . The movement was originally opposed by President Woodrow Wilson , who believed the United States should be in a position of neutrality in order to broker a compromise peace in Europe . Several organizations were formed around the Preparedness Movement and held parades and organized opposition to Wilson 's policies . After the Lusitania was sunk by German U-boats on May 7 , 1915 and Pancho Villa launched his raid against Columbus , New Mexico , Wilson 's attitude changed . Congress passed the National Defense Act of 1916 in June 1916 to authorize an increase in the size of the army from 100,000 men in 1916 to 200,000 on active duty and 400,000 in the National Guard , by 1921 . It also padded a large long-term increase in the navy . ", "The United States presidential election of 1916 was the 33rd quadrennial presidential election , held on Tuesday , November 7 , 1916 . Incumbent President Woodrow Wilson , the Democratic candidate , was pitted against Supreme Court Justice Charles Evans Hughes , the Republican candidate . After a hard-fought contest , Wilson defeated Hughes by nearly 600,000 votes in the popular vote and secured a narrow majority in the Electoral College by winning several swing states with razor-thin margins . Wilson 's re-election marked the first time that a Democratic Party candidate had won two consecutive Presidential elections since Andrew Jackson won re-election in the 1832 election . This was the last election before the ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution , which granted women the right to vote . The election took place during the time of the Mexican Revolution and Europe 's involvement in World War I. Although officially neutral in the European conflict , public opinion in the United States leaned towards the Allied forces headed by Great Britain and France against the German Empire and Austria-Hungary , due in large measure to the harsh treatment of civilians by the German Army in Belgium and northern France and the militaristic character of the German and Austrian monarchies . But in spite of their sympathy with the Allied forces , most American voters wanted to avoid involvement in the war and preferred to continue a policy of neutrality . Wilson 's campaign used the popular slogans `` He kept us out of war '' and `` America First '' to appeal to those voters who wanted to avoid a war in Europe or with Mexico . The progressive Hughes criticized Wilson for not taking the `` necessary preparations '' to face a conflict , which only served to strengthen Wilson 's image as an anti-war candidate . America entered the war in April 1917 , one month after Wilson 's inauguration as president . Despite the narrow margin of his win , the 1916 election saw an increase in Wilson 's popular vote from his election in 1912 , when he won a landslide in the Electoral College . Wilson accomplished this as a result of a split in the Republican vote in 1912 between the incumbent President William Howard Taft , a conservative , and former President Theodore Roosevelt , who ran as a Progressive . In 1916 , conservative and progressive Republicans were largely united under the moderate Hughes in their bid to oust Wilson . Nonetheless , Wilson attracted many voters who had earlier supported Roosevelt . The election of 1916 is one of only three elections in which a candidate was elected president without the support of his state of residence -LRB- in this case , New Jersey -RRB- . The other two were the election of 1844 , in which James K. Polk failed to carry Tennessee and the election of 2016 , in which Donald Trump failed to carry New York . Wilson , however , did win his state of birth -LRB- Virginia -RRB- . ", "John Francis Knott -LRB- December 7 , 1878 -- February 16 , 1963 -RRB- was an American cartoonist . He was born in Plzeň , Austria-Hungary and emigrated to Sioux City , Iowa with his widowed mother at the age of five . Knott started working at The Dallas Morning News in 1905 . He drew daily cartoons in the paper during Woodrow Wilson 's first presidential campaign and World War I. Knott 's most famous cartoon character `` Old Man Texas '' was a champion for government honesty , low taxes and property ownership . It is believed his cartoons supporting American entry into World War I helped increase the sales of Liberty Bonds and donations towards the war effort . Knott 's cartoons were reprinted in several publications including The Literary Digest , Review of Reviews , The Wall Street Journal , Los Angeles Times , New York Evening Post , the New York Herald Tribune , the St. Louis Post-Dispatch , and the Philadelphia Public Ledger . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "The_Catcher_in_the_Rye", "Holden_Caulfield", "Rebel_in_the_Rye", "A_Pocketful_of_Rye", "The_Woodsman_-LRB-2004_film-RRB-" ]

[ "The Catcher in the Rye is a 1951 novel by J. D. Salinger . A controversial novel originally published for adults , it has since become popular with adolescent readers for its themes of teenage angst and alienation . It has been translated into almost all of the world 's major languages . Around 1 million copies are sold each year with total sales of more than 65 million books . The novel 's protagonist Holden Caulfield has become an icon for teenage rebellion . The novel also deals with complex issues of innocence , identity , belonging , loss , and connection . The novel was included on Times 2005 list of the 100 best English-language novels written since 1923 and it was named by Modern Library and its readers as one of the 100 best English-language novels of the 20th century . In 2003 , it was listed at # 15 on the BBC 's survey The Big Read . ", "Holden Caulfield is a fictional character in author J. D. Salinger 's 1951 novel The Catcher in the Rye . Since the book 's publication , Holden has become an icon for teenage rebellion and angst , and now stands among the most important characters of 20th-century American literature . The name Holden Caulfield was used in an unpublished short story written in 1942 and first appeared in print in 1945 . Although it has been conjectured that J. D. Salinger got the name for Holden Caulfield in The Catcher in the Rye when he saw a marquee for Dear Ruth -LRB- 1947 -RRB- , starring William Holden and Joan Caulfield , Salinger 's first Holden Caulfield story , `` I 'm Crazy , '' appeared in Collier 's on December 22 , 1945 , a year and a half before this movie was released . ", "Rebel in the Rye is a 2017 American biographical drama film directed and written by Danny Strong . It is based on the book J. D. Salinger : A Life by Kenneth Slawenski , about the life of young writer J. D. Salinger during World War II . The film stars Nicholas Hoult , Zoey Deutch , Kevin Spacey , Sarah Paulson , Brian d'Arcy James , Victor Garber , Hope Davis , and Lucy Boynton . Principal photography on the film began on April 26 , 2016 in New York City . It premiered at the 2017 Sundance Film Festival on January 24 , 2017 . ", "A Pocketful of Rye is a 1969 novel by A. J. Cronin about a young Scottish doctor , Carroll , and his life in Switzerland . It is a sequel to A Song of Sixpence . As with several of his other novels , Cronin drew on his own experiences as a doctor for this book . The titles of both novels come from the children 's nursery rhyme , Sing a Song of Sixpence . Category : Novels by A. J. Cronin Category : Sequel novels Category : Novels set in Switzerland Category :1969 British novels Category : Medical novels Category : Victor Gollancz Ltd books Category : Little , Brown and Company books ", "The Woodsman is a 2004 drama film directed and co-written -LRB- with Steven Fechter -RRB- by Nicole Kassell , based on Fechter 's play of the same name . The movie stars Kevin Bacon as a convicted child molester who must adjust to life after prison . The movie 's name refers to the woodsman from the fairy tale of Little Red Riding Hood who kills the wolf to save the titular child . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "The_Catcher_in_the_Rye", "Holden_Caulfield", "Rebel_in_the_Rye", "A_Pocketful_of_Rye", "The_Woodsman_-LRB-2004_film-RRB-" ]

[ "The Catcher in the Rye is a 1951 novel by J. D. Salinger . A controversial novel originally published for adults , it has since become popular with adolescent readers for its themes of teenage angst and alienation . It has been translated into almost all of the world 's major languages . Around 1 million copies are sold each year with total sales of more than 65 million books . The novel 's protagonist Holden Caulfield has become an icon for teenage rebellion . The novel also deals with complex issues of innocence , identity , belonging , loss , and connection . The novel was included on Times 2005 list of the 100 best English-language novels written since 1923 and it was named by Modern Library and its readers as one of the 100 best English-language novels of the 20th century . In 2003 , it was listed at # 15 on the BBC 's survey The Big Read . ", "Holden Caulfield is a fictional character in author J. D. Salinger 's 1951 novel The Catcher in the Rye . Since the book 's publication , Holden has become an icon for teenage rebellion and angst , and now stands among the most important characters of 20th-century American literature . The name Holden Caulfield was used in an unpublished short story written in 1942 and first appeared in print in 1945 . Although it has been conjectured that J. D. Salinger got the name for Holden Caulfield in The Catcher in the Rye when he saw a marquee for Dear Ruth -LRB- 1947 -RRB- , starring William Holden and Joan Caulfield , Salinger 's first Holden Caulfield story , `` I 'm Crazy , '' appeared in Collier 's on December 22 , 1945 , a year and a half before this movie was released . ", "Rebel in the Rye is a 2017 American biographical drama film directed and written by Danny Strong . It is based on the book J. D. Salinger : A Life by Kenneth Slawenski , about the life of young writer J. D. Salinger during World War II . The film stars Nicholas Hoult , Zoey Deutch , Kevin Spacey , Sarah Paulson , Brian d'Arcy James , Victor Garber , Hope Davis , and Lucy Boynton . Principal photography on the film began on April 26 , 2016 in New York City . It premiered at the 2017 Sundance Film Festival on January 24 , 2017 . ", "A Pocketful of Rye is a 1969 novel by A. J. Cronin about a young Scottish doctor , Carroll , and his life in Switzerland . It is a sequel to A Song of Sixpence . As with several of his other novels , Cronin drew on his own experiences as a doctor for this book . The titles of both novels come from the children 's nursery rhyme , Sing a Song of Sixpence . Category : Novels by A. J. Cronin Category : Sequel novels Category : Novels set in Switzerland Category :1969 British novels Category : Medical novels Category : Victor Gollancz Ltd books Category : Little , Brown and Company books ", "The Woodsman is a 2004 drama film directed and co-written -LRB- with Steven Fechter -RRB- by Nicole Kassell , based on Fechter 's play of the same name . The movie stars Kevin Bacon as a convicted child molester who must adjust to life after prison . The movie 's name refers to the woodsman from the fairy tale of Little Red Riding Hood who kills the wolf to save the titular child . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "The_Catcher_in_the_Rye", "Holden_Caulfield", "Rebel_in_the_Rye", "A_Pocketful_of_Rye", "The_Woodsman_-LRB-2004_film-RRB-" ]

[ "The Catcher in the Rye is a 1951 novel by J. D. Salinger . A controversial novel originally published for adults , it has since become popular with adolescent readers for its themes of teenage angst and alienation . It has been translated into almost all of the world 's major languages . Around 1 million copies are sold each year with total sales of more than 65 million books . The novel 's protagonist Holden Caulfield has become an icon for teenage rebellion . The novel also deals with complex issues of innocence , identity , belonging , loss , and connection . The novel was included on Times 2005 list of the 100 best English-language novels written since 1923 and it was named by Modern Library and its readers as one of the 100 best English-language novels of the 20th century . In 2003 , it was listed at # 15 on the BBC 's survey The Big Read . ", "Holden Caulfield is a fictional character in author J. D. Salinger 's 1951 novel The Catcher in the Rye . Since the book 's publication , Holden has become an icon for teenage rebellion and angst , and now stands among the most important characters of 20th-century American literature . The name Holden Caulfield was used in an unpublished short story written in 1942 and first appeared in print in 1945 . Although it has been conjectured that J. D. Salinger got the name for Holden Caulfield in The Catcher in the Rye when he saw a marquee for Dear Ruth -LRB- 1947 -RRB- , starring William Holden and Joan Caulfield , Salinger 's first Holden Caulfield story , `` I 'm Crazy , '' appeared in Collier 's on December 22 , 1945 , a year and a half before this movie was released . ", "Rebel in the Rye is a 2017 American biographical drama film directed and written by Danny Strong . It is based on the book J. D. Salinger : A Life by Kenneth Slawenski , about the life of young writer J. D. Salinger during World War II . The film stars Nicholas Hoult , Zoey Deutch , Kevin Spacey , Sarah Paulson , Brian d'Arcy James , Victor Garber , Hope Davis , and Lucy Boynton . Principal photography on the film began on April 26 , 2016 in New York City . It premiered at the 2017 Sundance Film Festival on January 24 , 2017 . ", "A Pocketful of Rye is a 1969 novel by A. J. Cronin about a young Scottish doctor , Carroll , and his life in Switzerland . It is a sequel to A Song of Sixpence . As with several of his other novels , Cronin drew on his own experiences as a doctor for this book . The titles of both novels come from the children 's nursery rhyme , Sing a Song of Sixpence . Category : Novels by A. J. Cronin Category : Sequel novels Category : Novels set in Switzerland Category :1969 British novels Category : Medical novels Category : Victor Gollancz Ltd books Category : Little , Brown and Company books ", "The Woodsman is a 2004 drama film directed and co-written -LRB- with Steven Fechter -RRB- by Nicole Kassell , based on Fechter 's play of the same name . The movie stars Kevin Bacon as a convicted child molester who must adjust to life after prison . The movie 's name refers to the woodsman from the fairy tale of Little Red Riding Hood who kills the wolf to save the titular child . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "Gotham_City_Sirens", "Gotham_-LRB-TV_series-RRB-", "List_of_Gotham_episodes", "Heroes_Rise-COLON-_How_the_Riddler_Got_His_Name", "Siren_-LRB-magazine-RRB-" ]

[ "Gotham City Sirens is an American comic book series was written by Paul Dini with art by Guillem March and published by DC Comics . The term Gotham City Sirens refers to three of the most popular female characters that inhabit Gotham City , which include Catwoman , Harley Quinn , and Poison Ivy . The first issue of the series was released in June , 2009 , as a part of the Batman : Reborn relaunch in all of DC 's Batman titles . Warner Bros. is developing a film with the same title , although it has not been announced if the film will be based on the comic book series . ", "Gotham is an American crime drama television series developed by Bruno Heller , based on characters published by DC Comics and appearing in the Batman franchise , primarily those of James Gordon and Bruce Wayne . The series stars Ben McKenzie as the young Gordon , while Heller executive-produces , along with Danny Cannon , who also directed the pilot . Originally the series would have related only Gordon 's early days on the Gotham City Police Department , but the series subsequently included the Wayne character and the origin stories of several Batman villains , including Penguin , Riddler , Catwoman , Poison Ivy , Two-Face , Scarecrow , Mr. Freeze , and Hugo Strange . Gotham premiered on Fox on September 22 , 2014 . In March 2016 , the series was renewed for a third season which premiered on September 19 , 2016 . In May 2017 , Fox renewed the series for a fourth season . ", "Gotham is an American crime-drama television series developed by Bruno Heller , based on characters appearing in and published by DC Comics in their Batman franchise , primarily those of James Gordon and Bruce Wayne . The series stars Ben McKenzie as the young Gordon , while Heller executive produces along with Danny Cannon , who also directed the pilot . As originally conceived , the series would have served as a straightforward story of Gordon 's early days on the Gotham City police force . Gotham was renewed for a third season in March 2016 , which premiered on September 19 , 2016 . ", "`` Heroes Rise : How the Riddler Got His Name '' is the fifteenth episode and spring premiere of the third season , and 59th episode overall from the Fox series Gotham . The show is itself based on the characters created by DC Comics set in the Batman mythology . It 's also the first episode with the subtitle `` Heroes Rise '' . The episode was written by Megan Mostyn-Brown and directed by TJ Scott . It was first broadcast on April 24 , 2017 . In the episode , following shooting Cobblepot and dropping his body in the Gotham Harbor , Nygma begins to question what path he will take next , having remembered his words that without Cobblepot , he wo n't be anything else . Nygma decides that he will need something or someone to acknowledge who he really is and begins committing crimes that are related to his riddle games in order to find his true purpose : a real enemy . Meanwhile , Bruce continues his training while Gordon talks with his Uncle Frank for information regarding his father 's death and his role in the Court of Owls . The episode received mostly positive reviews , with critics praising the character development and Smith 's performance . ", "Siren was a bimonthly Canadian magazine , published in Toronto , Ontario for the city 's lesbian community . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "The_Block_-LRB-album-RRB-", "New_Kids_on_the_Block", "Knock_Out_-LRB-Bonfire_album-RRB-", "Don't_Try_to_Stop_It", "Out_of_Control_-LRB-Nothing's_Carved_in_Stone_song-RRB-" ]

[ "The Block is the fifth studio album by New Kids on the Block . The album was released on September 2 , 2008 , along with a deluxe edition that included four bonus tracks . It sold 100,000 copies in its first week of release and debuted at number one on the U.S. Top Pop Albums chart and at number two on the Billboard 200 . Several artists collaborated on the album , such as Ne-Yo , Lady Gaga , The Pussycat Dolls , Akon , Teddy Riley and New Edition . The first official single from the album is `` Summertime '' and the song was released on May 13 , 2008 . The second official single titled `` Single '' featuring Ne-Yo was released on August 12 , 2008 . The third single `` Dirty Dancing '' was released on December 19 . The single was the album 's most successful single in Europe and Canada , peaking at number 31 and reaching the number-one position on the CHUM Chart in Toronto on February 21 , 2009 after twelve weeks on the chart . The album 's fourth single , `` 2 in the Morning '' , was officially released February 23 , 2009 in the United States and the United Kingdom . It is the group 's first studio album in fourteen years since Face the Music . ", "New Kids on the Block -LRB- also initialized as NKOTB -RRB- is an American boy band from Boston , Massachusetts . The band currently consists of brothers Jordan and Jonathan Knight , Joey McIntyre , Donnie Wahlberg , and Danny Wood . New Kids on the Block enjoyed success in the late 1980s and early 1990s and have sold more than 80 million records worldwide . They won two American Music Awards in 1990 for Favorite Pop/Rock Band , Duo , or Group and Favorite Pop/Rock Album . The group disbanded in 1994 , after which several attempts were made to get the group back together , all of them unsuccessful . After secretly reuniting in 2007 and recording a new CD , the group released that new album and embarked on a concert tour in 2008 . The album , entitled The Block , was released on September 2 , 2008 . New Kids on the Block was listed as number 16 on Rolling Stone 's Top 25 Teen Idol Breakout Moments . The group was on tour with the Backstreet Boys in 2011 -- 12 as NKOTBSB . This collaboration first performed live together on November 21 , 2010 at the American Music Awards on ABC and again on 2011 New Year 's on ABC 's Dick Clark/Ryan Seacrest show . The group received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame on October 9 , 2014 . They are still touring as of 2017 with their Total Package Tour . ", "Knock Out is the fourth album by the hard rock band Bonfire . It was released in 1991 on the label BMG International . ", "`` Do n't Try to Stop It '' is a song released as the third single by British band Roman Holliday . It was released on 10 June 1983 as a 7 '' , 12 '' and 7 '' shaped picture disc single . ", "`` Out of Control '' is a single by the Japanese rock band Nothing 's Carved in Stone released on March 6 , 2013 . The music was used as the second opening theme for the anime series Psycho-Pass . " ]

[ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Leonie_Reynolds", "J._Harvie_Wilkinson_III", "Thomas_Hardiman", "Anthony_Hooper_-LRB-judge-RRB-", "Michael_McCormack_-LRB-judge-RRB-" ]

[ "Leonie Reynolds is a judge of the High Court since October 2016 . She was a judge of the Circuit Court since January 2010 . On 27 July 2016 , the Government of Ireland agreed in principle to nominate Judge Reynolds for appointment by the President of Ireland to the High Court once an expected vacancy arose . She was educated at University College Dublin and King 's Inns . She was called to the Irish Bar in 1993 . She has served as a Member of the Special Criminal Court since October 2015 . ", "James Harvie Wilkinson III -LRB- born September 29 , 1944 -RRB- is a federal judge serving on the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit . His name has been raised at several junctures in the past as a possible nominee to the United States Supreme Court . ", "Thomas Michael Hardiman -LRB- born July 8 , 1965 -RRB- is a United States Circuit Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit . He was previously a United States District Judge . He maintains chambers in Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania . In 2017 , Hardiman was a finalist to succeed Antonin Scalia as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States , alongside eventual nominee Neil M. Gorsuch . ", "Sir Anthony Hooper PC -LRB- born 16 September 1937 -RRB- is a former member of the Court of Appeal of England and Wales . Hooper was educated at Sherborne School and Trinity Hall , Cambridge . He was called to the Bar in 1965 -LRB- Inner Temple -RRB- , elected a bencher in 2003 , and served as Chairman of the Inns of Court School of Law . He was also admitted to the Bar in British Columbia and was a professor at Osgoode Hall Law School in Toronto . He became a Queen 's Counsel in 1987 and served as a Recorder from 1976 until his appointment to High Court on 14 February 1995 . He received the customary knighthood and was assigned to the Queen 's Bench Division and served as Presiding Judge on the South East Circuit from 1997 to 2000 . On 24 March 2004 , Hooper became a Lord Justice of Appeal , and was appointed to the Privy Council on 4 May of that year . Hooper reached the mandatory retirement age on 16 September 2012 . ", "Michael McCormack -LRB- born July 30 , 1939 -RRB- is a retired justice of the Nebraska Supreme Court , appointed by Governor Ben Nelson in 1997 . He graduated from Creighton University School of Law in 1963 as well as graduating from Creighton Preparatory School in 1957 and worked as an Assistant Public Defender in Douglas County from 1963 to 1966 . He then worked as an attorney in a private practice until being appointed to the Court . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Year_of_the_Four_Emperors", "Nero", "Tacitus_on_Christ", "Peruvian_civil_war_of_1867", "Crisis_of_the_Third_Century" ]

[ "The Year of the Four Emperors was a year in the history of the Roman Empire , AD 69 , in which four emperors ruled in succession : Galba , Otho , Vitellius , and Vespasian . The suicide of the emperor Nero in 68 was followed by a brief period of civil war , the first Roman civil war since Mark Antony 's death in 30 BC . Between June of 68 and December of 69 Galba , Otho , and Vitellius successively rose and fell before the July 69 accession of Vespasian , who founded Flavian dynasty . The social , military and political upheavals of the period had Empire-wide repercussions , which included the outbreak of the Revolt of the Batavi . ", "Nero -LRB- -LSB- ˈnɪəroʊ -RSB- Latin : Nerō Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus ; 15 December 37 AD -- 9 June 68 AD -RRB- was Roman Emperor from 54 to 68 AD , and the last in the Julio-Claudian dynasty . Nero was adopted by his great-uncle Claudius to become his heir and successor , and like him , became emperor with the consent of the praetorian guard . Nero 's mother , Agrippina the Younger , was implicated in Claudius ' death and Nero 's nomination as emperor . She dominated Nero 's early life and decisions until he cast her off ; five years into his reign , he had her murdered . His reign began well . At first he was content to be guided by his mother , his tutor Lucius Annaeus Seneca and his Praetorian Prefect , Sextus Afranius Burrus . As time passed , he played a more active and independent role in government and foreign policy . During his reign , the redoubtable general Corbulo conducted a successful war and negotiated peace with the Parthian Empire . His general Suetonius Paulinus crushed a major revolt in Britain . The Bosporan Kingdom was briefly annexed to the empire , and the First Jewish -- Roman War began . Nero focused much of his attention on diplomacy , trade and the cultural life of the empire , ordering theatres built and promoting athletic games . He made public appearances as a poet , musician and charioteer ; in the eyes of traditionalists , this undermined the dignity and authority of his person , status and office . His extravagant , empire-wide program of public and private works was funded by a rise in taxes , much resented by the middle and upper classes . Various plots against his life were revealed , and their ringleaders were executed ; most were Nero 's own courtiers . In 68 , the governor Vindex in Gaul rebelled , with the support of Galba , Governor of Hispania Tarraconensis . Vindex 's revolt failed in its immediate aim but Rome 's discontented civil and military authorities declared for Galba , and chose him as emperor . Nero fled Rome . He committed suicide on June 9 , 68 AD when told that he had been tried in absentia and condemned to death as a public enemy -LRB- The first Roman Emperor to do so -RRB- . His death ended the Julio-Claudian dynasty , sparking a brief period of civil wars known as the Year of the Four Emperors . Nero 's rule is usually associated with tyranny and extravagance ; his more infamous executions include that of his mother . Most Roman sources , such as Suetonius and Cassius Dio , offer overwhelmingly negative assessments of his personality and reign ; Tacitus claims that the Roman people thought him compulsive and corrupt . Many Romans believed that the great Roman fire of 64 was instigated by Nero to clear the way for his planned palatial complex , the Domus Aurea . He was said to have seized Christians as scapegoats for the fire and burned them alive , seemingly motivated not by public justice but by personal cruelty . Some modern historians question the reliability of the ancient sources on Nero 's tyrannical acts . A few sources paint Nero in a more favourable light . There is evidence of his popularity among the Roman commoners , especially in the eastern provinces of the Empire , where a popular legend arose that Nero had not died and would return . At least three leaders of short-lived , failed rebellions presented themselves as `` Nero reborn '' , to enlist popular support . ", "The Roman historian and senator Tacitus referred to Christ , his execution by Pontius Pilate , and the existence of early Christians in Rome in one page of his final work , Annals -LRB- written ca . AD 116 -RRB- , book 15 , chapter 44 . The context of the passage is the six-day Great Fire of Rome that burned much of the city in AD 64 during the reign of Roman Emperor Nero . The passage is one of the earliest non-Christian references to the origins of Christianity , the execution of Christ described in the canonical gospels , and the presence and persecution of Christians in 1st-century Rome . Scholars generally consider Tacitus ' reference to the execution of Jesus by Pontius Pilate to be both authentic , and of historical value as an independent Roman source . Eddy and Boyd state that it is now `` firmly established '' that Tacitus provides a non-Christian confirmation of the crucifixion of Jesus . Historian Ronald Mellor has stated that the Annals is `` Tacitus 's crowning achievement '' which represents the `` pinnacle of Roman historical writing '' . Scholars view it as establishing three separate facts about Rome around AD 60 : -LRB- i -RRB- that there were a sizable number of Christians in Rome at the time , -LRB- ii -RRB- that it was possible to distinguish between Christians and Jews in Rome , and -LRB- iii -RRB- that at the time pagans made a connection between Christianity in Rome and its origin in Roman Judea . ", "The Peruvian Civil War of 1867 was the fifth internal conflict in 19th century Peru . It was caused the adoption of a new constitution to replace the previous one adopted in 1860 . Ignacio Prado , put in power as a result of the Peruvian civil war of 1865 , faced by a revolt by his former allies Canseco and Balta . On May 30 , 1867 , former president Ramon Castilla died while attempting to take advantage of the situation . ", "The Crisis of the Third Century , also known as Military Anarchy or the Imperial Crisis -LRB- AD 235 -- 284 -RRB- , was a period in which the Roman Empire nearly collapsed under the combined pressures of invasion , civil war , plague , and economic depression . The crisis began with the assassination of Emperor Severus Alexander by his own troops in 235 , initiating a 50-year period in which there were at least 26 claimants to the title of Emperor , mostly prominent Roman army generals , who assumed imperial power over all or part of the Empire . The same number of men became accepted by the Roman Senate as emperor during this period and so became legitimate emperors . By 268 , the empire had split into three competing states : the Gallic Empire , including the Roman provinces of Gaul , Britannia and -LRB- briefly -RRB- Hispania ; the Palmyrene Empire , including the eastern provinces of Syria Palaestina and Aegyptus ; and the Italian-centered and independent Roman Empire , proper , between them . Later , Aurelian -LRB- 270 -- 275 -RRB- reunited the empire ; the crisis ended with the ascension and reforms of Diocletian in 284 . The crisis resulted in such profound changes in the empire 's institutions , society , economic life and , eventually , religion , that it is increasingly seen by most historians as defining the transition between the historical periods of classical antiquity and late antiquity . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "Mount_Hood", "Mount_Galloway", "Mount_Hood_Wilderness", "Mount_Hobson_-LRB-Great_Barrier_Island-RRB-", "Mount_Blunt" ]

[ "Mount Hood , called Wy'east by the Multnomah tribe , is a potentially active stratovolcano in the Cascade Volcanic Arc of northern Oregon . It was formed by a subduction zone on the Pacific coast and rests in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States . It is located about 50 mi east-southeast of Portland , on the border between Clackamas and Hood River counties . In addition to being Oregon 's highest mountain , it is one of the loftiest mountains in the nation based on its prominence . The height assigned to Mount Hood 's snow-covered peak has varied over its history . Modern sources point to three different heights : 11249 ft , a 1991 adjustment of a 1986 measurement by the U.S. National Geodetic Survey -LRB- NGS -RRB- , 11240 ft based on a 1993 scientific expedition , and 11239 ft of slightly older origin . The peak is home to 12 named glaciers and snowfields . It is the highest point in Oregon and the fourth highest in the Cascade Range . Mount Hood is considered the Oregon volcano most likely to erupt , though based on its history , an explosive eruption is unlikely . Still , the odds of an eruption in the next 30 years are estimated at between 3 and 7 percent , so the U.S. Geological Survey -LRB- USGS -RRB- characterizes it as `` potentially active '' , but the mountain is informally considered dormant . ", "Mount Galloway is the highest point on Antipodes Island , one of New Zealand 's outlying islands . It rises to a height on 402 metres -LRB- 1319 ft -RRB- . It is part of the most recently active volcano in the group , but there is no exact eruption date known . Mount Galloway together with Mount Waterhouse are probably formed during the most recent eruption . They are at least as old as the Holocene era . Mount Galloway is situated on the western side of the main island of the Antipodes group . It is a bold round-topped hill as determined by Captain Fairchild -LRB- 1834-1898 -RRB- . About this Captain Fairchild is written : `` Probably no man was better acquainted with the coasts and harbours of New Zealand , more popular or widely respected '' . Chapman reached the summit of Mount Galloway in 1903 and describes it as '' -LSB- c -RSB- lear ground , matted with Pleurophyllum and low-growing Ligusticum . Owing to fog we failed to see a clear lake said to exist there . There was a good deal of flat ground up there , which was literally alive with albatross '' . W. Dougall saw this small lake of approximately 13 acre on the top of Mt Galloway -LSB- 5 -RSB- . The largest of three species of Coprosma plants is confined to Mt Galloway . This mountain is also the home of the small yellow-crowned parakeet -LRB- Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae -RRB- . ", "The Mount Hood Wilderness is a protected wilderness area inside the Mount Hood National Forest which is located in the U.S. state of Oregon . The area , covering 67320 acre , includes the peak of Mount Hood and its upper slopes , and ranges from temperate rain forests at the lower elevations , to glaciers and rocky ridges at higher elevations . The wilderness wraps around the mountain from west to northeast , and borders Timberline Lodge and Mount Hood Meadows ski lifts on some of the south and east slopes of the mountain . ", "Mount Hobson -LRB- Hirakimata in Maori -RRB- is the highest mountain on Great Barrier Island , New Zealand . Located in the centre of the island , it rises 621 m above sea level . Various mountain tracks allow relatively easy access to the summit , with the shortest -LRB- 2 hour -RRB- track leading through the famous Windy Canyon . Great views over the island , to the Coromandel Peninsula and the Poor Knights Islands are often possible from the top of the mountain . The summit area is also a breeding ground for the black petrel , and the track in this part is mostly composed of boardwalks and stairs to protect the breeding areas and prevent erosion . A number of rare and declining plants on the mainland are largely restricted -LRB- or completely restricted -RRB- to Great Barrier Island are found on Mount Hobson , these include , Pittosporum kirkii , Epacris sinclairii , Kunzea sinclairii , and also Olearia allomii . ", "Mount Blunt is a rounded ice-covered mountain -LRB- 1,500 m -RRB- rising from the west flank of Weyerhaeuser Glacier , on the east side of Antarctic Peninsula . Based on peakery data , it ranks as the 1697th highest mountain in Antarctica . The mountain was photographed from the air by the United States Antarctic Service -LRB- USAS -RRB- on September 28 , 1940 . It was roughly surveyed by Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey -LRB- FIDS -RRB- in December 1958 , and resurveyed in November 1960 . It was named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee -LRB- UK-APC -RRB- after Edmund Blunt -LRB- 1770 -- 1862 -RRB- , American publisher of charts and sailing directions , whose establishment was acquired by U.S. Government to form the nucleus of the U.S. Hydrographic Office -LRB- since 1972 , the Defense Mapping Agency Hydrographic Center -RRB- . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 1, 1 ]

[ "Mount_Hood", "Mount_Galloway", "Mount_Hood_Wilderness", "Mount_Hobson_-LRB-Great_Barrier_Island-RRB-", "Mount_Blunt" ]

[ "Mount Hood , called Wy'east by the Multnomah tribe , is a potentially active stratovolcano in the Cascade Volcanic Arc of northern Oregon . It was formed by a subduction zone on the Pacific coast and rests in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States . It is located about 50 mi east-southeast of Portland , on the border between Clackamas and Hood River counties . In addition to being Oregon 's highest mountain , it is one of the loftiest mountains in the nation based on its prominence . The height assigned to Mount Hood 's snow-covered peak has varied over its history . Modern sources point to three different heights : 11249 ft , a 1991 adjustment of a 1986 measurement by the U.S. National Geodetic Survey -LRB- NGS -RRB- , 11240 ft based on a 1993 scientific expedition , and 11239 ft of slightly older origin . The peak is home to 12 named glaciers and snowfields . It is the highest point in Oregon and the fourth highest in the Cascade Range . Mount Hood is considered the Oregon volcano most likely to erupt , though based on its history , an explosive eruption is unlikely . Still , the odds of an eruption in the next 30 years are estimated at between 3 and 7 percent , so the U.S. Geological Survey -LRB- USGS -RRB- characterizes it as `` potentially active '' , but the mountain is informally considered dormant . ", "Mount Galloway is the highest point on Antipodes Island , one of New Zealand 's outlying islands . It rises to a height on 402 metres -LRB- 1319 ft -RRB- . It is part of the most recently active volcano in the group , but there is no exact eruption date known . Mount Galloway together with Mount Waterhouse are probably formed during the most recent eruption . They are at least as old as the Holocene era . Mount Galloway is situated on the western side of the main island of the Antipodes group . It is a bold round-topped hill as determined by Captain Fairchild -LRB- 1834-1898 -RRB- . About this Captain Fairchild is written : `` Probably no man was better acquainted with the coasts and harbours of New Zealand , more popular or widely respected '' . Chapman reached the summit of Mount Galloway in 1903 and describes it as '' -LSB- c -RSB- lear ground , matted with Pleurophyllum and low-growing Ligusticum . Owing to fog we failed to see a clear lake said to exist there . There was a good deal of flat ground up there , which was literally alive with albatross '' . W. Dougall saw this small lake of approximately 13 acre on the top of Mt Galloway -LSB- 5 -RSB- . The largest of three species of Coprosma plants is confined to Mt Galloway . This mountain is also the home of the small yellow-crowned parakeet -LRB- Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae -RRB- . ", "The Mount Hood Wilderness is a protected wilderness area inside the Mount Hood National Forest which is located in the U.S. state of Oregon . The area , covering 67320 acre , includes the peak of Mount Hood and its upper slopes , and ranges from temperate rain forests at the lower elevations , to glaciers and rocky ridges at higher elevations . The wilderness wraps around the mountain from west to northeast , and borders Timberline Lodge and Mount Hood Meadows ski lifts on some of the south and east slopes of the mountain . ", "Mount Hobson -LRB- Hirakimata in Maori -RRB- is the highest mountain on Great Barrier Island , New Zealand . Located in the centre of the island , it rises 621 m above sea level . Various mountain tracks allow relatively easy access to the summit , with the shortest -LRB- 2 hour -RRB- track leading through the famous Windy Canyon . Great views over the island , to the Coromandel Peninsula and the Poor Knights Islands are often possible from the top of the mountain . The summit area is also a breeding ground for the black petrel , and the track in this part is mostly composed of boardwalks and stairs to protect the breeding areas and prevent erosion . A number of rare and declining plants on the mainland are largely restricted -LRB- or completely restricted -RRB- to Great Barrier Island are found on Mount Hobson , these include , Pittosporum kirkii , Epacris sinclairii , Kunzea sinclairii , and also Olearia allomii . ", "Mount Blunt is a rounded ice-covered mountain -LRB- 1,500 m -RRB- rising from the west flank of Weyerhaeuser Glacier , on the east side of Antarctic Peninsula . Based on peakery data , it ranks as the 1697th highest mountain in Antarctica . The mountain was photographed from the air by the United States Antarctic Service -LRB- USAS -RRB- on September 28 , 1940 . It was roughly surveyed by Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey -LRB- FIDS -RRB- in December 1958 , and resurveyed in November 1960 . It was named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee -LRB- UK-APC -RRB- after Edmund Blunt -LRB- 1770 -- 1862 -RRB- , American publisher of charts and sailing directions , whose establishment was acquired by U.S. Government to form the nucleus of the U.S. Hydrographic Office -LRB- since 1972 , the Defense Mapping Agency Hydrographic Center -RRB- . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 1, 1 ]

[ "Pink_Eye_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Pink_-LRB-singer-RRB-", "Pink_String_and_Sealing_Wax", "Kathleen_Turner", "Music_video_director" ]

[ "Pink Eye is a 2008 American horror film directed by James Tucker . The film is set in a run-down asylum where drugs are tested in a small town in upstate New York . ", "Alecia Beth Moore -LRB- born September 8 , 1979 -RRB- , known professionally as Pink -LRB- frequently stylized as -RRB- , is an American singer , songwriter , dancer , and actress . She was signed to her first record label with original R&B girl group Choice in 1995 . The label , LaFace Records saw potential in only Pink , offering her a solo deal . Choice disbanded in 1998 . Pink rose as an artist with her debut solo album , Ca n't Take Me Home -LRB- 2000 -RRB- . It was certified double-platinum in the United States and spawned two Billboard Hot 100 top-ten hits : `` There You Go '' and `` Most Girls '' . She gained further recognition with the Moulin Rouge ! soundtrack `` Lady Marmalade '' , which gave Pink her first Grammy Award as well as her first number-one single on the Billboard Hot 100 . Pink took control in early 2001 insisting she wanted to work with her childhood hero , Linda Perry . Pink took more artistic control and pursued a pop rock direction for her second album , Missundaztood -LRB- 2001 -RRB- . It sold more than 15 million copies worldwide and yielded three United States top-ten singles , `` Get the Party Started '' , `` Do n't Let Me Get Me '' , and `` Just Like a Pill '' . Pink 's third album , Try This -LRB- 2003 -RRB- , generated considerably lower sales , but earned her the Grammy Award for Best Female Rock Vocal Performance . Pink revived her popularity with her fourth and fifth studio albums , I 'm Not Dead -LRB- 2006 -RRB- and Funhouse -LRB- 2008 -RRB- , with the latter containing her second United States number-one hit , `` So What '' . Pink concluded the first decade of her career with the compilation album Greatest Hits ... So Far !! -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , which featured `` Fuckin ' Perfect '' and the chart-topping single `` Raise Your Glass '' . Her sixth studio album , The Truth About Love -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 and spawned the top-ten singles `` Blow Me -LRB- One Last Kiss -RRB- '' , `` Try '' , and `` Just Give Me a Reason '' , with the latter becoming her fourth United States number-one single . In 2014 Pink recorded a collaborative album , Rose Ave. , with Canadian musician Dallas Green under a folk music duo named You + Me . Recognized for her strong signature vocals and acrobatic performances , Pink has sold over 47 million albums worldwide , including over 16 million albums in the United States . Her career accolades include three Grammy Awards , a Brit Award , a Daytime Emmy Award and six MTV Video Music Awards . In 2009 , Billboard named Pink the Pop Songs Artist of the Decade . Pink was also the second most-played female solo artist in the United Kingdom during the 2000s decade , behind Madonna . VH1 ranked her number 10 on their list of the 100 Greatest Women in Music , while Billboard awarded her the Woman of the Year award in 2013 . At the 63rd annual BMI Pop Awards , she received the BMI President 's Award for `` her outstanding achievement in songwriting and global impact on pop culture and the entertainment industry . '' ", "Pink String and Sealing Wax is a 1945 British drama film directed by Robert Hamer and starring Mervyn Johns , Googie Withers and Gordon Jackson . It is based on a play with the same name by Roland Pertwee . It was the first feature film Robert Hamer directed on his own . ", "Mary Kathleen Turner -LRB- born June 19 , 1954 -RRB- , better known as Kathleen Turner , is an American film and stage actress and director . Known for her distinctive raspy voice , Turner has won two Golden Globe Awards and has been nominated for an Academy Award . Turner came to fame during the 1980s , after roles in Body Heat -LRB- 1981 -RRB- , Crimes of Passion -LRB- 1984 -RRB- , Romancing the Stone -LRB- 1984 -RRB- , and Prizzi 's Honor -LRB- 1985 -RRB- , the latter two earning her a Golden Globe Award for Best Actress . In the later 1980s and early 1990s , Turner had roles in The Accidental Tourist -LRB- 1988 -RRB- , The War of the Roses -LRB- 1989 -RRB- , Serial Mom -LRB- 1994 -RRB- and Peggy Sue Got Married -LRB- 1986 -RRB- , for which she was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress . Turner later had roles in The Virgin Suicides -LRB- 1999 -RRB- , Baby Geniuses -LRB- 1999 -RRB- , and Beautiful -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , as well as guest-starring on the NBC sitcom Friends as Chandler Bing 's cross-dressing father Charles Bing , and in the third season of Showtime 's Californication as Sue Collini , the jaded , sex-crazed owner of a talent agency . Turner has also done considerable work as a voice actress , namely as Jessica Rabbit in Who Framed Roger Rabbit -LRB- 1988 -RRB- , as well as Monster House -LRB- 2006 -RRB- , and the television series The Simpsons and King of the Hill . In addition to film , Turner has worked in the theatre , and has been nominated for the Tony Award twice for her Broadway roles as Maggie in Cat on a Hot Tin Roof and as Martha in Who 's Afraid of Virginia Woolf ? Turner has also taught acting classes at New York University . ", "A music video director is the head of music video production . The director conceives of videos ' artistic and dramatic aspects while instructing the musical act , technical crew , actors , models , and dancers . They may or may not be in collaboration with the musical act . On November 8 , 1992 , MTV began listing directors with the artist , song , and record company credits , because music videos had increasingly become an auteur 's medium . `` The case for the director as music video author is strong . It is the music video director who has principal control of everything that is added to the pre-existing recorded sound text . '' Directors , including Michel Gondry , Spike Jonze , and F. Gary Gray , have gone on to direct feature films , continuing a trend that had begun earlier with directors such as Lasse Hallström and David Fincher . The most expensive video of all time was directed by Mark Romanek : Michael and Janet Jackson 's `` Scream '' -LRB- 1995 -RRB- , which cost $ 7 million to produce . In 2003 , Spike Jonze , Chris Cunningham , and Michel Gondry founded the Directors Label . " ]

[ 0, 1, 2, 1, 1 ]

[ "Research", "Hypothetico-deductive_model", "Machine-or-transformation_test", "External_independent_evaluation", "Rectovaginal_examination" ]

[ "Research comprises `` creative work undertaken on a systematic basis in order to increase the stock of knowledge , including knowledge of humans , culture and society , and the use of this stock of knowledge to devise new applications . '' It is used to establish or confirm facts , reaffirm the results of previous work , solve new or existing problems , support theorems , or develop new theories . A research project may also be an expansion on past work in the field . Research projects can be used to develop further knowledge on a topic , or in the example of a school research project , they can be used to further a student 's research prowess to prepare them for future jobs or reports . To test the validity of instruments , procedures , or experiments , research may replicate elements of prior projects or the project as a whole . The primary purposes of basic research -LRB- as opposed to applied research -RRB- are documentation , discovery , interpretation , or the research and development -LRB- R&D -RRB- of methods and systems for the advancement of human knowledge . Approaches to research depend on epistemologies , which vary considerably both within and between humanities and sciences . There are several forms of research : scientific , humanities , artistic , economic , social , business , marketing , practitioner research , life , technological , etc. . ", "The hypothetico-deductive model or method is a proposed description of scientific method . According to it , scientific inquiry proceeds by formulating a hypothesis in a form that could conceivably be falsified by a test on observable data . A test that could and does run contrary to predictions of the hypothesis is taken as a falsification of the hypothesis . A test that could but does not run contrary to the hypothesis corroborates the theory . It is then proposed to compare the explanatory value of competing hypotheses by testing how stringently they are corroborated by their predictions . ", "In United States patent law , the machine-or-transformation test is a test of patent eligibility under which a claim to a process qualifies for consideration if it -LRB- 1 -RRB- is implemented by a particular machine in a non-conventional and non-trivial manner or -LRB- 2 -RRB- transforms an article from one state to another . The test was first articulated under its present form in the government 's brief in Gottschalk v. Benson . In its reply brief on the merits in that case , the government said , `` we submit that the cases follow such a rule -- implicitly or explicitly -- and that they can not be rationalized otherwise . '' The court declined to adopt the proposed rule as categorical and as an exclusive test . It opined that future cases might present fact patterns calling for a different rule from that applicable to past cases , and therefore the machine-or-transformation test was just a `` clue '' to eligibility for a patent . The test has been recently articulated in Bilski , but dates back to the nineteenth century . The test is articulated also in the patent-eligibility trilogy -- Gottschalk v. Benson , Parker v. Flook , and Diamond v. Diehr . In the wake of the Supreme Court 's opinion in Bilski v. Kappos , rejecting machine-or-transformation as the sole test of patent eligibility , and confirming that it is only a `` useful clue , '' it is now clear that this test is only a way to measure whether the patent claim in issue preempts substantially all applications of the underlying idea or principle on which a patent is based -- such preemption being a far more basic and general test of patent eligibility or ineligibility . ", "External independent evaluation or External independent testing -LRB- EIT , external testing , ET -RRB- - examinations for admission to universities in Ukraine . Complex organizational procedures -LRB- first - testing -RRB- aims to determine the level of academic performance of secondary schools during their admission to higher education . The purpose of external evaluation : improving public education and implementation of Ukraine 's constitutional rights to equal access to quality education , monitoring of compliance with the State Standard of secondary education and the analysis of the education system , predict its development . The results of external testing results are counted as a state of final attestation and the results of entrance examinations to higher educational institutions . Since 2004 , with the support of international NGOs and external testing system is formed in Ukraine . Provision of external evaluation carried out by the Ukrainian Center for Educational Quality Assessment in partnership with local education authorities , Regional Institute of Postgraduate Education , educational institutions . Some test can be conducted in a minority language ; Polish , Hungarian , Russian , Moldavian , Romanian or Crimean Tatar . ", "A rectovaginal examination is a type of gynecological examination used to supplement a pelvic examination . In the rectovaginal examination , a doctor or other health care provider places one finger in the vagina and another in the rectum to assess the rectovaginal septum . The examiner will look for any scarring or masses that may indicate cancer or another disease . Typically , a rectovaginal examination is performed to assess pelvic pain , rectal symptoms , or a pelvic mass . It can also provide a sample for fecal occult blood testing . " ]

[ 2, 0, 2, 2, 0 ]

[ "No_Way_Out_-LRB-Puff_Daddy_album-RRB-", "Puff_and_the_Incredible_Mr._Nobody", "Who_Cares?_-LRB-Gnarls_Barkley_song-RRB-", "Best_Baby_Father", "Coming_Home_-LRB-Diddy_–_Dirty_Money_song-RRB-" ]

[ "No Way Out is the debut studio album by American hip hop recording artist , songwriter and record producer Puff Daddy . It was released on July 1 , 1997 , by his Bad Boy record label . The label 's official crediting as `` The Family '' , featuring guest appearances from his label-mates and other artists . The production on the album was provided by Puff Daddy -LRB- real name Sean Combs -RRB- , alongside with a variety of the members from the production group , called The Hitmen . Puff Daddy was also serving as a executive producer alongside The Notorious B.I.G. and Deric `` D-Dot '' Angelettie -LRB- of The Hitmen -RRB- . It contains the generally introspective content based on his friend and rapper The Notorious B.I.G. , who died from the shooting on March 9 , 1997 , which affected Combs emotionally . The album 's content consists largely of aggressive lyrics but also includes elements of positive emotion . The album received generally mixed to positive reviews from music critics , who generally wrote positively about its emotional feel and its production , but were divided in their reviews towards both Puff Daddy 's rapping and songwriting . The album earned Combs five nominations at the 40th Grammy Awards in 1998 , winning the Grammy Award for Best Rap Album . ", "Puff and the Incredible Mr. Nobody is a 30-minute animated television film loosely based on the song Puff , the Magic Dragon by Leonard Lipton and Peter Yarrow . The title character was voiced by Burgess Meredith , and the film also featured the voice of David Mendenhall . The special first aired May 17 , 1982 on CBS . This was the last `` Puff the Magic Dragon '' Special . ", "`` Who Cares ? '' and `` Gone Daddy Gone '' are songs performed by Gnarls Barkley and are featured on their debut album , St. Elsewhere . The songs were released on November 6 , 2006 as a double A-sided single from that album in the United Kingdom -LRB- see 2006 in British music -RRB- . A week later , on November 13 , 2006 , the single debuted at No. 60 in the UK Singles Chart . `` Gone Daddy Gone '' is a cover of the Violent Femmes song . The song peaked at No. 26 on Billboard 's Modern Rock Tracks chart , and at No. 35 on Billboard 's Adult Top 40 chart . The song `` Gone Daddy Gone '' is also featured in the soundtrack for the video game Tony Hawk 's Project 8 , the soundtrack for Forza Motorsport 2 and in the trailer for the Chris Rock film I Think I Love My Wife . ", "Best Baby Father is the fourth album released by Shabba Ranks . ", "`` Coming Home '' is a song by American rapper and producer Diddy and his band Dirty Money , from their debut album Last Train to Paris -LRB- 2010 -RRB- . It was released on November 21 , 2010 , as the album 's fourth single . The contemporary hip-hop pop song was written by Jermaine Cole , Diddy , Jay-Z , Alex da Kid and Skylar Grey . Kid and Jay-Z produced the song while Grey featured vocals on the song 's chorus . Jay-Z and Kid gifted the song to Diddy for Last Train to Paris . Autobiographically written , `` Coming Home '' is inspired by moments in Diddy 's life , the loss of his close friend , The Notorious B.I.G and references to classic songs by Dionne Warwick , McFadden & Whitehead and Smokey Robinson & the Miracles . Critics praised the redemptive ballad for the personal themes and lyrics which were a snapshot of Diddy 's life . Praise was also given for Grey 's soft vocals which complemented the warmth of the song . An accompanying music video , directed by Rich Lee , follows the trio wandering through the desert in search of home only to find burned belongings and the shell of a home . Singled out as one of the album 's highlights , `` Coming Home '' was promoted with live TV performances including at the American Music Awards on November 21 , 2010 , the WWE Tribute to the Troops concert , and the March 10 , 2011 episode of American Idol which marked the first live performance of the song featuring Skylar Grey . The song is also one of the theme songs for WWE WrestleMania 29 . To date , `` Coming Home '' is Diddy-Dirty Money 's most successful single and the highest charting single from Last Train to Paris . Aside from amassing one million digital sales , it peaked at number eleven on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 and number nine in Canada . Internationally , the single topped both Belgium Ultratip charts and the Swiss Singles Chart , as well as reaching top five in the UK . This comes in addition to breaking onto the A-playlists on British urban music radio and mainstream radio , and topping the UK R&B Singles chart for three consecutive weeks . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 1 ]

[ "Far_from_the_Madding_Crowd_-LRB-1967_film-RRB-", "Separated_by_Motorways", "Beggin'", "Closer_Than_Veins", "Soon_-LRB-EP-RRB-" ]

[ "Far from the Madding Crowd is a 1967 British epic drama film adapted from Thomas Hardy 's book of the same name . The film , starring Julie Christie , Alan Bates , Terence Stamp and Peter Finch , and directed by John Schlesinger , was Schlesinger 's fourth film -LRB- and his third collaboration with Christie -RRB- . It marked a stylistic shift away from his earlier works exploring contemporary urban mores . The cinematography was by Nicolas Roeg and the soundtrack was by Richard Rodney Bennett . He also used traditional folk songs in various scenes throughout the film . It was nominated for one Oscar for Best Original Music Score and two BAFTAs , Best British Cinematography -LRB- Colour -RRB- and Best British Costume -LRB- Colour -RRB- -LRB- Alan Barrett -RRB- . ", "`` Separated By Motorways '' was a 7 '' only release by Sheffield band The Long Blondes . It was released on December 12 , 2005 , on Paul Epworth 's Good and Evil label . Kate described the song as a mini-road movie . She said it had elements of Thelma and Louise in the lyrics . ", "`` Beggin '' is a song composed by Bob Gaudio and Peggy Farina and popularized by The Four Seasons in 1967 . In 2007 , the song received new popularity when it was remixed by the French DJ Pilooski and then covered by the Norwegian hip-hop band Madcon . ", "Closer Than Veins is the third studio album by the Danish hip hop group Outlandish , released on October 31 , 2005 by RCA Records . ", "Soon is an EP released in 1997 by American rock band Far . It contains two songs later released on their 1998 release `` Water & Solutions '' , an acoustic version of a song released on their earlier release `` Tin Cans With Strings To You '' , and one song previously unreleased . This EP was a limited release and has long been out of print , it is extremely hard to find . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "University_of_Chicago_Law_School", "Times_Higher_Education_World_University_Rankings", "THE–QS_World_University_Rankings,_2006", "University_of_Houston_Law_Center", "Weinberg_College_of_Arts_and_Sciences" ]

[ "The University of Chicago Law School is the graduate school of law at the University of Chicago . It was founded in 1902 by a coalition of donors led by John D. Rockefeller . U.S. News & World Report ranks Chicago fourth among U.S. law schools , and it is noted for its influence on the economic analysis of law . The University of Chicago Law School was ranked third in the country by the 2015 Above The Law Rankings , which ranks law schools based on employment outcomes such as quality of jobs , federal clerkships , and alumni satisfaction . Chicago is ranked second by Brian Leiter of the University of Chicago Law School on the `` Top 15 Schools From Which the Most ` Prestigious ' Law Firms Hire New Lawyers , '' and first for `` Faculty quality based on American Academy of Arts and Sciences Membership . '' It is ranked 12th in the 2016 QS World University Rankings . The Law School has the third highest gross and third highest per capita placement of alumni in U.S. Supreme Court clerkships with approximately 15-25 % of each graduating class going on to a state or federal clerkship . The ABA disclosures indicate that 75 % of Chicago graduates earned starting salaries of $ 160,000 or greater upon graduation . The law school was ranked # 3 of all law schools nationwide by the National Law Journal in terms of sending the highest percentage of 2015 graduates to the largest 100 law firms in the US -LRB- 52.04 % -RRB- . ", "Times Higher Education World University Rankings is an annual publication of university rankings by Times Higher Education -LRB- THE -RRB- magazine . The publisher had collaborated with Quacquarelli Symonds -LRB- QS -RRB- to publish the joint THE -- QS World University Rankings from 2004 to 2009 before it turned to Thomson Reuters for a new ranking system . The publication now comprises the world 's overall , subject , and reputation rankings , alongside three regional league tables , Asia , Latin America , and BRICS & Emerging Economies which are generated by consistent methodology . It is considered as one of the most widely observed university measures together with Academic Ranking of World Universities and QS World University Rankings . It is praised for having a new improved methodology but undermining non-English-instructing institutions and being commercialized are the major criticisms . ", "This is the 2006 THE -- QS World University Rankings list of the top 200 universities in the world . ", "The University of Houston Law Center is the law school of the University of Houston in Houston , Texas . Founded in 1947 , the Law Center is one of 12 colleges of the University of Houston , a state university . It is accredited by the American Bar Association and is a member of the Association of American Law Schools . The law school 's facilities are located on the university 's 667-acre campus in southeast Houston . The Law Center awards the Juris Doctor -LRB- J.D. -RRB- and Master of Laws -LRB- LL.M . -RRB- degrees . The law school is among four law schools tied for 50th in the 2016 U.S. News & World Report law school rankings . According to UHLC 's 2013 ABA-required disclosures , 63.2 % of the class of 2013 obtained full-time , long-term , JD-required employment nine months after graduation . The dean of the Law Center is Leonard M. Baynes . ", "The Judd A. and Marjorie Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences -LRB- WCAS or Weinberg College -RRB- is the largest of the twelve schools comprising Northwestern University , located in Evanston , Illinois and downtown Chicago , Illinois . It was established in 1851 and today comprises 25 departments and many specialty programs . Weinberg enrolls students in its classes from all of Northwestern 's undergraduate schools , including the Medill School of Journalism , School of Music , McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science , School of Communication , and School of Education and Social Policy . All faculty members in Weinberg teach undergraduate students . About 3 percent of student enrollments are in courses taught exclusively by teaching assistants , mostly in small introductory courses in foreign languages ; all other courses are taught by professors . The number of men and women in Weinberg is about equal ; 30 percent of undergraduates belong to racial or ethnic minorities . Students also come from all 50 states ; Illinois is the home of the largest number of students , followed by California , Ohio , and New York . Seven percent of Weinberg students are from foreign countries . Weinberg has 15 interdisciplinary programs that offer minors or majors . These include American studies , European studies , Integrated Science Program -LRB- ISP -RRB- , Legal Studies , Mathematical Experience for Northwestern Undergraduates -LRB- MENU -RRB- , Mathematical Methods in the Social Sciences -LRB- MMSS -RRB- , and the Writing Major . Each of these programs has special admissions requirements . Each first-year student in Weinberg is required to take two `` First-Year Seminars , '' 15 or 16 students in each , focused on the development of writing and discussion skills . A first-year student 's typical schedule each quarter includes a small class of 15 students , a class of 20-25 students , and two larger lecture courses . Last year fewer than 10 of more than 2000 courses in Weinberg College enrolled over 300 students . Each year , faculty members associated with several of Northwestern 's graduate programs teach undergraduates . Professors from the Kellogg School of Management offer courses in accounting , finance , and marketing especially designed for Weinberg students . Law School faculty each year teach several undergraduate courses in Weinberg as well . Weinberg also has special agreements with Chicago 's major cultural institutions , including the Field Museum , Art Institute of Chicago , Adler Planetarium , Chicago Botanic Garden , and American Bar Foundation , to offer courses taught by Chicago-area experts . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "Nate_Diaz", "Gabriela_Díaz", "Taizo_Sugitani", "Zé_Marco_de_Melo", "Yoshihide_Fukao" ]

[ "Nathan Donald `` Nate '' Diaz -LRB- born April 16 , 1985 -RRB- is an American professional mixed martial artist currently competing for the Ultimate Fighting Championship -LRB- UFC -RRB- . He was the winner of The Ultimate Fighter 5 . Diaz is the younger brother of former Strikeforce Welterweight Champion and WEC Welterweight Champion , Nick Diaz . Prior to signing with the UFC , Diaz competed in World Extreme Cagefighting , Strikeforce , and Pancrase . As of 7 November 2016 , Diaz is # 5 in official UFC lightweight rankings . Diaz is also tied with Joe Lauzon for the most UFC bonus awards , with 15 in total . ", "María Gabriela Díaz -LRB- born January 2 , 1981 in Alta Gracia , Córdoba -RRB- is an Argentine professional BMX cyclist . Emerging as the world 's most decorated female BMX rider in history , Diaz has claimed multiple Argentine national titles , six Pan American championship titles , and five medals -LRB- three golds , one silver , and one bronze -RRB- in women 's elite category at the UCI World Championships . She also won two medals , including a prestigious gold , in the same category at the Pan American Games -LRB- 2007 and 2011 -RRB- , and later represented her nation Argentina at the 2008 Summer Olympics . Diaz sought sporting headlines at the UCI BMX World Championships , where she claimed a total of five medals -LRB- three golds , one silver , and one bronze -RRB- in the women 's elite category , making her the world 's most decorated female rider of all time . At the 2007 Pan American Games in Rio de Janeiro , Brazil , Diaz powered her lead over the eight-strong female squad on the final stretch to take home the first gold for Argentina in the women 's BMX category , finishing ahead of host nation 's Ana Flávia Sgobin . Diaz qualified for the Argentine squad in women 's BMX cycling at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing by receiving one of the nation 's two available berths based on her top-ten performance from the UCI BMX World Rankings . After grabbing a fifth seed on the morning prelims with a time of 37.590 and then mounting a third spot in her semifinal heat with 13 placing points , Diaz narrowly missed out the podium by more than a second with a fifth-place finish in 39.747 . At the 2011 Pan American Games in Guadalajara , Mexico , Diaz could not defend her women 's BMX title with a bronze-medal time in 42.971 , holding off her sister Mariana on the final turn by a two-second advantage . Diaz also sought her bid for the 2012 Summer Olympics in London , but she finished sixth in her quarterfinal heat at the 2012 UCI BMX World Championships in Birmingham , England , failing to advance further to the latter rounds for a coveted Olympic spot . ", "is a Japanese Olympic show jumping rider . Representing Japan , he competed at six Summer Olympics -LRB- in 1996 , 2000 , 2004 , 2008 , 2012 and 2016 -RRB- . He placed 11th in team jumping in 2000 . Meanwhile , his current best individual Olympic placement is 15th place from Athens in 2004 . Sugitani also competed at six editions World Equestrian Games -LRB- each edition from 1994 to 2014 -RRB- and at two editions of Show Jumping World Cup finals -LRB- in 2000 and 2007 -RRB- . Sugitani won two bronze medals at the 2014 Asian Games in Incheon , South Korea . ", "José Marco `` Zé Marco '' Nóbrega Ferreira de Melo -LRB- born March 19 , 1971 in João Pessoa , Paraíba -RRB- is a beach volleyball player from Brazil , who won the silver medal in the men 's beach team competition at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney , Australia , partnering Ricardo Santos . He also represented his native country at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta , Georgia . ", "is a Japanese former volleyball player who competed in the 1972 Summer Olympics and in the 1976 Summer Olympics . He was born in Hikone . In 1972 he was part of the Japanese team which won the gold medal in the Olympic tournament . He played all seven matches . Four years later he finished fourth with the Japanese team in the Olympic tournament . He played all five matches . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Africa_Cup_of_Nations", "1968_African_Cup_of_Nations", "2002_African_Cup_of_Nations", "2013_Africa_Cup_of_Nations", "1957_African_Cup_of_Nations" ]

[ "The Africa Cup of Nations , officially CAN -LRB- Coupe d'Afrique des Nations -RRB- , also referred to as African Cup of Nations , or AFCON , is the main international association football competition in Africa . It is sanctioned by the Confederation of African Football -LRB- CAF -RRB- , and was first held in 1957 . Since 1968 , it has been held every two years . The title holders at the time of a FIFA Confederations Cup qualify for that competition . In 1957 there were only three participating nations : Egypt , Sudan and Ethiopia . South Africa was originally scheduled to compete , but were disqualified due to the apartheid policies of the government then in power . Since then , the tournament has grown greatly , making it necessary to hold a qualifying tournament . The number of participants in the final tournament reached 16 in 1998 -LRB- 16 teams were to compete in 1996 but Nigeria withdrew , reducing the field to 15 , and the same happened with Togo 's withdrawal in 2010 -RRB- , and since then , the format has been unchanged , with the sixteen teams being drawn into four groups of four teams each , with the top two teams of each group advancing to a `` knock-out '' stage . Egypt is the most successful nation in the cup 's history , winning the tournament a record of seven times -LRB- including when Egypt was known as the United Arab Republic between 1958 and 1961 -RRB- . Three different trophies have been awarded during the tournament 's history , with Ghana and Cameroon winning the first two versions to keep after each of them won a tournament three times . The current trophy was first awarded in 2002 and with Egypt winning it indefinitely after winning their unprecedented third consecutive title in 2010 . As of 2013 , the tournament was switched to being held in odd-numbered years so as not to clash with the FIFA World Cup . In July 2016 , Total has secured an eight-year sponsorship package from the Confederation of African Football -LRB- CAF -RRB- to support 10 of its principal competitions . Total will start with the Africa Cup of Nations to be held in Gabon therefore renaming it Total Africa cup of Nations . ", "The 1968 African Cup of Nations was the sixth edition of the Africa Cup of Nations , the soccer championship of Africa -LRB- CAF -RRB- . It was hosted by Ethiopia . The field expanded to eight teams , split into two groups of four ; the top two teams in each group advanced to the semifinals . Congo-Kinshasa won its first championship , beating Ghana in the final 1 − 0 . Prior to this tournament , the African Cup of Nations were held once every three years , following 1968 they were held once every two years . ", "The 2002 African Cup of Nations was the 23rd edition of the Africa Cup of Nations , the association football championship of Africa -LRB- CAF -RRB- . It was hosted by Mali . Just like in 2000 , the field of sixteen teams was split into four groups of four . Cameroon won its fourth championship -LRB- repeating as champions -RRB- , beating Senegal on penalty kicks 3 − 2 after a goalless draw . ", "The 2013 Africa Cup of Nations , also known as the Orange Africa Cup of Nations South Africa 2013 for sponsorship reasons , held from 19 January to 10 February 2013 , was the 29th Africa Cup of Nations , the football championship of Africa organized by the Confederation of African Football -LRB- CAF -RRB- . Starting from this edition , the tournament was switched to being held in odd-numbered years instead of even-numbered years so that it does not clash with the FIFA World Cup . South Africa hosted the tournament for the second time , after previously hosting the 1996 African Cup of Nations . The 2013 tournament is the highest attended edition of the Africa Cup of Nations under the current , 16-team format . The South African team was eliminated in the quarter-finals by Mali , following a penalty shoot-out . Nigeria won its third Africa Cup of Nations championship with a 1 -- 0 victory over Burkina Faso in the final . Nigeria participated in the 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup in Brazil as the representative from CAF . ", "The 1957 African Cup of Nations was the first edition of the Africa Cup of Nations , the football championship of Africa -LRB- CAF -RRB- . It was hosted by Sudan , and three teams participated : Egypt , Sudan , and Ethiopia . The tournament has the fewest goals to be scored , as well as the fewest games to be played , at any African cup of nations tournaments . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]

[ "The_Last_Song_-LRB-film-RRB-", "As_Time_Goes_By_-LRB-M*A*S*H-RRB-", "End_of_a_Century", "Summer_Ends", "At_Last" ]

[ "The Last Song is a 2010 American coming of age teen romantic drama film developed alongside Nicholas Sparks ' 2009 novel of the same name . The film was directed by Julie Anne Robinson in her feature film directorial debut and co-written by Sparks and Jeff Van Wie . The Last Song stars Miley Cyrus , Liam Hemsworth , and Greg Kinnear and follows a troubled teenager as she reconnects with her estranged father and falls in love during a summer in a quiet Southern United States beach town . Sparks was approached to write both the film 's screenplay and the novel . Sparks completed the screenplay in January 2009 , prior to the completion of the novel , making The Last Song his first script to be optioned for film . The setting , originally in North Carolina like the novel , relocated to Georgia after the states had campaigned for months to host production . Upon beginning production in Tybee Island , Georgia and nearby Savannah , The Last Song became the first movie to be both filmed and set in Tybee Island . Filming lasted from June 15 to August 18 , 2009 with much of it occurring on the island 's beach and pier . The Last Song was released by Touchstone Pictures on March 31 , 2010 . Upon release , the film received a negative response from critics , particularly towards its screenplay and casting . ", "`` As Time Goes By '' is the 255th episode of M * A * S * H , airing on February 21 -LRB- first-run -RRB- and September 12 -LRB- repeat -RRB- , 1983 , and the last episode filmed . As it was the final episode filmed they took a moment to pay tribute to the characters -LRB- except for Trapper John McIntyre -RRB- who had left the series before its conclusion . It also introduces the character of Soon-Lee , who would play a vital role in the series ' final episode and the short-lived spin-off AfterMASH . The episode is dedicated to Connie Izay , RN , one of the show 's medical advisors . Although this was the penultimate episode of the series , it was the final episode that was produced with , wrapping January 14 , 1983 at exactly 6:05 PM . The series finale was filmed earlier in the production of that season . ", "`` End of a Century '' is a song by alternative rock band Blur . Released in November 1994 , it was the last single to be released from their third album Parklife . `` End of a Century '' reached number 19 on the UK Singles Chart , considered a disappointment by Andy Ross of Food Records . Albarn later stated that `` End of a Century '' may not have been the best choice for the album 's fourth single , and that `` This Is a Low '' would have been a better alternative . ", "`` Summer Ends '' is a song written and performed by Barry Gibb in 1970 in the sessions of his debut solo album The Kid 's No Good , but this song was not included . Recorded on 15 February and finished on 20 February with `` I 'll Kiss Your Memory '' , `` The Victim '' and `` Moonlight '' . He re-recorded `` Summer Ends '' around October 1971 with `` King Kathy '' and `` I Can Bring Love '' for his EP called Barry Gibb Fan Club . The opening chord was E . He recorded the song , with only his acoustic guitar . In 1972 , this song was recorded by the band Company and was released for the first time on Playboy Records . Their version was sung by David Stuart , Jack Moran and Joe Croyle . ", "`` At Last '' is a 1941 song written by Mack Gordon and Harry Warren for the musical film Sun Valley Serenade -LRB- 1941 -RRB- , starring Sonja Henie and John Payne . Prior to release , it was performed in the film by Glenn Miller and his orchestra , with vocal by John Payne and Lynn Bari , dubbed by Pat Friday . Studio head Darryl Zanuck reportedly said , `` There are too many big ones in this . Let 's save one for the next . '' The `` At Last '' vocal by Payne and Bari was thus deleted , although instrumental versions remained in the film , including in the Black Ice Ballet finale . `` At Last '' was added to Glenn Miller 's subsequent and only other film , Orchestra Wives -LRB- 1942 -RRB- , starring George Montgomery and Ann Rutherford . Vocal was by Ray Eberle and , again , Lynn Bari , dubbed by Pat Friday . Unreleased recordings of the song had been made in 1941 by Glenn Miller . A new version was recorded by Glenn Miller and His Orchestra in Chicago on May 20 , 1942 , and released by RCA Victor Records as a 78 single , catalogue number 27934-B , backed with the A side '' -LRB- I 've Got a Gal In -RRB- Kalamazoo '' . The song reached number 9 on the Billboard pop charts in 1942 , staying on the charts for nine weeks , and later became a standard . When RCA Victor issued two 10-inch LP soundtracks to `` Sun Valley Serenade '' -LRB- LPT - 3064 -RRB- and `` Orchestra Wives '' -LRB- LPT-3065 -RRB- in 1954 , to coincide with the theatrical reissue of the two films , the outtake version of `` At Last '' from `` Sun Valley Serenade '' was included , heard for the first time , but the version in `` Orchestra Wives '' was not . This latter rendition was eventually on LP in 1958 , in the 20th-Fox double-disc -LRB- TCF-100-2 -RRB- Glenn Miller `` Compilation of His Original Film Soundtracks '' In 1960 , it was covered by blues singer Etta James in an arrangement by Riley Hampton that improvised on Warren 's melody . James ' version was the title track in the same-named album At Last ! and was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame in 1999 . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Great_white_shark", "Shark_Kill", "Pyjama_shark", "Longnose_stingray", "Left_Shark" ]

[ "The great white shark -LRB- Carcharodon carcharias -RRB- , also known as the great white , white pointer , white shark , or white death , is a species of large mackerel shark which can be found in the coastal surface waters of all the major oceans . The great white shark is notable for its size , with mature female individuals growing up to 6.1 m in length and 1950 kg in weight . However most are smaller , males measuring 11 to and females 15 to on average . According to a 2014 study the lifespan of great white sharks is estimated to be as long as 70 years or more , well above previous estimates , making it one of the longest lived cartilaginous fish currently known . According to the same study , male great white sharks take 26 years to reach sexual maturity , while the females take 33 years to be ready to produce offspring . Great white sharks can accelerate to over 56 km/h for short bursts . The great white shark has no known natural predators other than the killer whale . The great white shark is arguably the world 's largest known extant macropredatory fish , and is one of the primary predators of marine mammals . It is also known to prey upon a variety of other marine animals , including fish and seabirds . It is the only known surviving species of its genus Carcharodon , and is ranked first in having the most recorded shark bite incidents on humans . The IUCN list the great white shark as a vulnerable species , while it is included in Appendix II of CITES . The novel Jaws by Peter Benchley and the subsequent film by Steven Spielberg depicted the great white shark as a `` ferocious man eater '' . Humans are not the preferred prey of the great white shark , but , nevertheless , the great white is responsible for the largest number of reported and identified fatal unprovoked shark attacks on humans . ", "Shark Kill is a 1976 made-for-television adventure film directed by William A. Graham . The film was one of the first films released to capitalize on the success of the 1975 film Jaws ; both films follow the premise of men hunting a bloodthirsty great white shark . ", "The pyjama shark or striped catshark -LRB- Poroderma africanum -RRB- is a species of catshark , and part of the family Scyliorhinidae , endemic to the coastal waters of South Africa . This abundant , bottom-dwelling species can be found from the intertidal zone to a depth of around 100 m , particularly over rocky reefs and kelp beds . With a series of thick , parallel , dark stripes running along its stout body , the pyjama shark has an unmistakable appearance . It is additionally characterized by a short head and snout with a pair of slender barbels that do not reach the mouth , and two dorsal fins that are placed far back on the body . It can grow up to a length of 1.1 m long . The pyjama shark is primarily nocturnal , spending most of the day lying motionless and hidden in a cave or crevice or among vegetation . It often forms groups , particularly during summer . This species is an opportunistic predator that feeds on a wide variety of fishes and invertebrates ; it favors cephalopods and frequents the spawning grounds of the chokka squid -LRB- Loligo reynaudi -RRB- . When threatened , it curls into a circle with its tail covering its head . Reproduction is oviparous , with females laying rectangular , dark brown egg cases two at a time year-round . This small and harmless shark adapts well to captivity and is commonly displayed in public aquariums . It is often caught as a bycatch of commercial and recreational fisheries . Many are killed by fishers who regard them as pests . Although there are no data suggesting its numbers have declined , the International Union for Conservation of Nature -LRB- IUCN -RRB- has assessed the pyjama shark as Near Threatened because of expanding small shark fishery activities within its limited range . ", "The longnose stingray -LRB- Dasyatis guttata -RRB- is a species of stingray in the family Dasyatidae , native to the western Atlantic Ocean from the southern Gulf of Mexico to Brazil . Found in coastal waters no deeper than 36 m , this demersal species favors muddy or sandy habitats . The longnose stingray is characterized by its angular , rhomboid pectoral fin disc , moderately projecting snout , and whip-like tail with a dorsal keel and ventral fin fold . It typically grows to 1.25 m across and is brownish above and light-colored below . Longnose stingrays feed mainly on bottom-dwelling invertebrates and small bony fishes . Reproduction is aplacental viviparous , with females bearing two litters of 1 -- 2 pups per year . The young are born in relatively fresh water , move into saltier water as juveniles , and then back into fresher water as adults . This species is valued by commercial and recreational fishers in many parts of its range , and utilized for meat , gelatin , oil , and even the aquarium trade . However , the International Union for Conservation of Nature -LRB- IUCN -RRB- presently lacks enough specific information on these activities to assess its conservation status . ", "`` Left Shark '' is the name of a character from Katy Perry 's performance at the Super Bowl XLIX halftime show in 2015 . Left Shark , on house left , Perry 's right , received significant fan and media attention during and after the halftime performance because of its distinct dance moves , which were both offbeat and out of sync to the `` Right Shark '' . Left Shark quickly became an Internet sensation , appearing on social media sites such as Facebook and Twitter and also became an internet meme . Left Shark was performed by Bryan Gaw , one of Perry 's longtime background dancers . " ]

[ 2, 0, 1, 1, 0 ]

[ "Brie_Larson", "Jon_Brion", "Bethany_Joy_Lenz", "Shannon_Lee", "Jennifer_Knapp" ]

[ "Brianne Sidonie Desaulniers -LRB- born October 1 , 1989 -RRB- , known professionally as Brie Larson , is an American actress , director , and singer . Born in Sacramento , California , Larson was home-schooled before she studied acting at the American Conservatory Theater . She began her acting career in television , appearing as a regular on the 2001 sitcom Raising Dad , for which she was nominated for a Young Artist Award . As a teenager , Larson had brief roles in the 2004 films 13 Going on 30 and Sleepover . Her performance in the comedy film Hoot -LRB- 2006 -RRB- was praised , and she subsequently played supporting roles in the films Greenberg -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , Scott Pilgrim vs. the World -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , 21 Jump Street -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , and Don Jon -LRB- 2013 -RRB- . From 2009 to 2011 , Larson featured as a rebellious teenager in the television series United States of Tara . Larson 's breakthrough role came with the independent drama Short Term 12 -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , for which she received critical acclaim . Further success came in 2015 when she starred in Room , an acclaimed drama based on Emma Donoghue 's novel of the same name . She won several awards for her portrayal of a troubled mother kidnap victim in the film , including the Academy Award , BAFTA Award , Critic 's Choice Award , Golden Globe Award , Screen Actors Guild Award and Canadian Screen Award for Best Actress . In 2017 , she starred as a war photographer in the adventure film Kong : Skull Island , her highest-grossing release . In 2016 , Larson was cast as Carol Danvers / Captain Marvel in the Marvel Cinematic Universe . ", "Jon Brion -LRB- born December 11 , 1963 -RRB- is an American rock and pop multi-instrumentalist , singer , songwriter , composer and record producer . He performed with The Excerpts and The Bats in his early career , before going on to composing film scores , including Paul Thomas Anderson 's Hard Eight , Magnolia , and Punch-Drunk Love , as well as Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind and I Heart Huckabees . Brion also works as a solo artist and released his debut solo album , Meaningless , in 2001 . ", "Bethany Joy Lenz -LRB- formerly Galeotti ; born April 2 , 1981 -RRB- , also credited as Joie Lenz , is an American actress singer-songwriter and filmmaker , best known for her portrayal of Haley James Scott on The WB/CW television drama One Tree Hill . She has also starred as Michelle Bauer Santos on the CBS Daytime soap opera Guiding Light and is recognized for her music as a solo artist and as a member of the band Everly . ", "Shannon Emery Lee -LRB- born April 19 , 1969 -RRB- is an American actress , martial artist and businesswoman . She is the daughter of martial arts film star Bruce Lee and Linda Lee Cadwell , the granddaughter of Cantonese opera singer Lee Hoi-Chuen , and the younger sister of Brandon Lee . ", "Jennifer Lynn Knapp -LRB- born April 12 , 1974 -RRB- is an American-Australian folk rock , and formerly contemporary Christian musician . She is best known for her first single `` Undo Me '' from her debut album , Kansas -LRB- 1998 -RRB- , and the song `` A Little More '' from her Grammy Award-nominated album , Lay It Down -LRB- 2000 -RRB- . The Way I Am -LRB- 2001 -RRB- , was also nominated for a Grammy . In total , the three albums have sold approximately 1 million copies . After taking a seven-year hiatus , Knapp announced in September 2009 that she was returning to music . On May 11 , 2010 she released Letting Go with the single `` Dive In '' . The album debuted at No. 73 on the Billboard 200 chart . Knapp 's memoir Facing the Music -LRB- Howard Books / Simon & Schuster -RRB- and new album Set Me Free -LRB- Righteous Babe Records -RRB- came out in October 2014 . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "Personality", "Superhuman", "Novelty_seeking", "Sex_Differences_in_Cognitive_Abilities", "Schizothymia" ]

[ "Personality is a set of individual differences that are affected by the development of an individual : values , attitudes , personal memories , social relationships , habits , and skills . Different personality theorists present their own definitions of the word based on their theoretical positions . The term `` personality trait '' refers to enduring personal characteristics that are revealed in a particular pattern of behaviour in a variety of situations . ", "Superhuman qualities are qualities that exceed those found in humans . Superhuman abilities are found in some fictional characters , especially as superheroes in American comic books . Fictional characters have been portrayed as having psychic abilities , flying abilities , impossible strength , or exceptional proficiency beyond human capability . Superhuman can also mean something that is not human , but considered to be `` superior '' to humans in some way , e.g. a tiger may be described as having `` superhuman strength '' . Superhuman abilities may result from human enhancement by genetic modification , cybernetic implants , nanotechnology , radiation or from human evolution in the future . ", "In psychology , novelty seeking -LRB- NS -RRB- is a personality trait associated with exploratory activity in response to novel stimulation , impulsive decision making , extravagance in approach to reward cues , quick loss of temper , and avoidance of frustration . It is measured in the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire as well as the later version Temperament and Character Inventory and is considered one of the temperament dimensions of personality . Like the other temperament dimensions , it has been found to be highly heritable . High NS has been suggested to be related to low dopaminergic activity . In the revised version of the Temperament and Character Inventory -LRB- TCI-R -RRB- novelty seeking consists of the following four subscales : Exploratory excitability -LRB- NS1 -RRB- Impulsiveness -LRB- NS2 -RRB- Extravagance -LRB- NS3 -RRB- Disorderliness -LRB- NS4 -RRB- ", "Sex Differences in Cognitive Abilities -LRB- ISBN 9780805827927 -RRB- is a book by Diane Halpern published by Lawrence Erlbaum Associates in 2000 , and now in its fourth edition . Diane Halpern served as president of the American Psychological Association in 2004 . Halpern writes that gender differences in cognitive abilities can be caused by a `` stereotype threat '' , defined as `` the fear of conforming to a negative stereotype associated with one 's group membership , which paradoxically results in the individual behaving in line with the stereotype '' . If an individual is made aware of a stereotype then `` the activation of stereotypes might explain why the magnitude of sex differences in sex-sensitive cognitive task varies across studies , depending on whether participants gender-stereotypes are activated or not '' . ", "Schizothymia is a temperament related to schizophrenia in a way analogous to cyclothymia 's relationship with bipolar disorder . A schizothymic individual displays a flat affect and a high degree of introversion , withdrawing from social relations generally ; nevertheless , some individuals with this characteristic may be able to achieve relatively affable social relations and a measure of affectivity in some situations . As a kind of temperament , schizothymic personality traits are thought to be more or less innate rather than the result of socialization -LRB- or a lack thereof -RRB- . " ]

[ 2, 0, 2, 2, 0 ]

[ "A.J._Styles", "Rusher_Kimura", "Kazuyuki_Fujita", "J.J._Dillon", "Tiger_Jeet_Singh" ]

[ "Allen Neal Jones -LRB- born June 2 , 1977 -RRB- , best known by the ring name A.J. Styles -LRB- also stylized as AJ Styles -RRB- , is an American professional wrestler currently signed to WWE performing on the SmackDown brand . Styles , who has long been regarded as one of the world 's best professional wrestlers , is widely known for his tenure in Total Nonstop Action Wrestling -LRB- TNA -RRB- from 2002 -- 2013 , where he was dubbed `` Mr. TNA '' . While in TNA , Styles held the NWA World Heavyweight Championship three times and the TNA World Heavyweight Championship twice . He was also the first X Division Champion , a title he held six times . Styles is the first professional wrestler ever to complete the TNA Triple Crown -LRB- five times -RRB- and the TNA Grand Slam -LRB- two times -RRB- . In 2010 , Styles became the first ever TNA-contracted wrestler to be ranked number one on the annual Pro Wrestling Illustrated -LRB- PWI -RRB- PWI 500 list . He simultaneously appeared in Ring of Honor -LRB- ROH -RRB- from 2002 -- 2006 , winning the ROH World Tag Team Championship -LRB- with Amazing Red -RRB- and becoming the first ROH Pure Champion . In 2014 , he signed with New Japan Pro-Wrestling -LRB- NJPW -RRB- and won the IWGP Heavyweight Championship in his first match with the company , later becoming the leader of the Bullet Club . He has also competed extensively on the independent circuit , winning titles such as the PWG World Championship and the RPW British Heavyweight Championship , among many others . Styles first appeared in WWE -LRB- then the World Wrestling Federation , or the WWF -RRB- in 2002 , but turned down a developmental deal he was offered with the company . He signed a multi-year contract with WWE fourteen years later in January 2016 , making his re-debut at that month 's Royal Rumble pay-per-view event . After appearing at his first WrestleMania that April , Styles headlined multiple pay-per-view events en route to winning his first WWE Championship at Backlash in September , holding the title up until 2017 's Royal Rumble in January . Also in 2016 , both PWI and Wrestling Observer Newsletter voted Styles as the `` Wrestler of the Year '' . ", "was Japanese professional wrestler , best known by his ring name . He was a five-time IWA World Heavyweight Champion . ", "-LRB- born October 16 , 1970 -RRB- is a Japanese professional wrestler , mixed martial artist and a former amateur wrestler . He has fought in mixed martial arts promotions including Pride Fighting Championships , K-1 and World Victory Road . He competes in mixed martial arts , shoot style wrestling and puroresu , and holds notable victories over Ken Shamrock , Gilbert Yvel , Mark Kerr , Bob Sapp , Karam Gaber , Peter Graham , and James Thompson . ", "James Morrison -LRB- born June 26 , 1942 -RRB- is an American retired professional wrestler and manager , better known by his ring name , J.J. Dillon . ", "Jagjeet Singh Hans -LRB- born April 3 , 1948 -RRB- is an Indian semi-retired professional wrestler , known better by his ring name Tiger Jeet Singh . Singh wrestled in the Indian crazed villain style , and was known for his elaborate ring entrances . He wrestled in Japan for 22 years and was the first professional wrestler in Japan to defeat sumo wrestler Wajima Hiroshi . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Jack_Lowden", "Hollow_Man", "Jack_Nicholson", "John_McClane", "Robert_Forster" ]

[ "Jack Lowden -LRB- born 2 June 1990 -RRB- is a Scottish stage , television , and film actor . Following a highly successful and award-winning four-year stage career , his first major international onscreen success was in the 2016 miniseries War & Peace , which led to starring roles in feature films . Lowden starred as Eric Liddell in the 2012 play Chariots of Fire in London . In 2014 he won an Olivier Award and the Ian Charleson Award for his role as Oswald in Richard Eyre 's 2013 adaptation of Ibsen 's Ghosts . In 2014 Screen Daily named him one of the UK Stars of Tomorrow . Since 2013 he has been in British television series and feature films , including substantial roles in The Tunnel -LRB- 2013 -RRB- and '71 -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , and leading roles in the BBC miniseries The Passing Bells -LRB- 2014 -RRB- and War & Peace -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . His current projects include roles as golfing legend Tommy Morris in Tommy 's Honour , Tony Benn in the historical film A United Kingdom , a main-cast role in the Holocaust legal-drama film Denial , one of the leads in Christopher Nolan 's Dunkirk , the starring role of Morrissey in the biopic England Is Mine , one of the two leads in the thriller Calibre , and Zak `` Zodiac '' Bevis in Fighting with My Family . In late 2016 the UK arts and entertainment magazine The List chose Lowden as one of The Hot 100 2016 . ", "Hollow Man is a 2000 American-German science fiction horror film directed by Paul Verhoeven and starring Kevin Bacon , Elisabeth Shue and Josh Brolin . Bacon portrays the title character , a scientist who renders himself invisible and goes on a killing spree , a story inspired by H. G. Wells ' novel The Invisible Man . The film was nominated for an Academy Award for Visual Effects in 2001 , but lost to Gladiator . The film is Verhoeven 's most recent American production . In 2013 , Verhoeven remarked to The Hollywood Reporter : `` I decided after Hollow Man , this is a movie , the first movie that I made that I thought I should not have made . It made money and this and that , but it really is not me anymore . I think many other people could have done that . I do n't think many people could have made RoboCop that way , or either Starship Troopers . But Hollow Man , I thought there might have been 20 directors in Hollywood who could have done that . I felt depressed with myself after 2002 . '' It partly contributed in his return to the Netherlands , his home country , where he made Black Book in 2006 , which was considered a return to form . A direct-to-video stand-alone sequel called Hollow Man 2 starring Christian Slater and Peter Facinelli was released in 2006 . ", "John Joseph `` Jack '' Nicholson -LRB- born April 22 , 1937 -RRB- is an American actor and filmmaker , who has performed for over 60 years . Nicholson is known for playing a wide range of starring or supporting roles , including satirical comedy , romance and dark portrayals of antiheroes and psychopathic characters . In many of his films , he has played the `` eternal outsider , the sardonic drifter , '' someone who rebels against the social structure . Nicholson 's 12 Academy Award nominations make him the most nominated male actor in the Academy 's history . Nicholson has won the Academy Award for Best Actor twice , one for the drama One Flew Over the Cuckoo 's Nest -LRB- 1975 -RRB- and the other for the romantic comedy As Good as It Gets -LRB- 1997 -RRB- . He also won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for the comedy-drama Terms of Endearment -LRB- 1983 -RRB- . Nicholson is one of three male actors to win three Academy Awards . Nicholson is one of only two actors to be nominated for an Academy Award for acting in every decade from the 1960s to the 2000s ; the other is Michael Caine . He has won six Golden Globe Awards , and received the Kennedy Center Honor in 2001 . In 1994 , he became one of the youngest actors to be awarded the American Film Institute 's Life Achievement Award . Other films in which he has starred include the road movie Easy Rider -LRB- 1969 -RRB- , the drama Five Easy Pieces -LRB- 1970 -RRB- , the comedy-drama film The Last Detail -LRB- 1973 -RRB- , the neo-noir mystery film Chinatown -LRB- 1974 -RRB- , the drama The Passenger -LRB- 1975 -RRB- , and the epic film Reds -LRB- 1981 -RRB- . He played Jack Torrance in Stanley Kubrick 's horror film The Shining -LRB- 1980 -RRB- , the Joker in Tim Burton 's superhero film Batman -LRB- 1989 -RRB- , and Frank Costello in Martin Scorsese 's neo-noir crime drama The Departed -LRB- 2006 -RRB- . Other films include the legal drama A Few Good Men -LRB- 1992 -RRB- , the Sean Penn-directed mystery film The Pledge -LRB- 2001 -RRB- , and the comedy-drama About Schmidt -LRB- 2002 -RRB- . ", "John McClane is the main protagonist of the Die Hard film series . He is portrayed by Bruce Willis . He is known for his sardonic one-liners , including the famous catchphrase `` Yippee-ki-yay , motherfucker '' . ", "Robert Wallace Forster , Jr. -LRB- born July 13 , 1941 -RRB- is an American actor . He is best known for his roles as news cameraman John Cassellis in Haskell Wexler 's Medium Cool -LRB- 1969 -RRB- , Lebanese terrorist Abdul Rafai in the action-thriller The Delta Force -LRB- 1986 -RRB- and bail bondsman Max Cherry in Quentin Tarantino 's Jackie Brown -LRB- 1997 -RRB- , the last of which saw him nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor . Forster 's varied filmography further includes titles such as Reflections in a Golden Eye -LRB- 1967 -RRB- , The Black Hole -LRB- 1979 -RRB- as Captain Dan Holland , Alligator -LRB- 1980 -RRB- , Psycho -LRB- 1998 -RRB- , Me , Myself & Irene -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , Mulholland Drive -LRB- 2001 -RRB- , Like Mike -LRB- 2002 -RRB- , Firewall -LRB- 2006 -RRB- , Lucky Number Slevin -LRB- 2006 -RRB- and The Descendants -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , plus Olympus Has Fallen -LRB- 2013 -RRB- and its sequel , London Has Fallen -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . He has also had recurring roles in television series such as Huff -LRB- 2004 -- 05 -RRB- , Heroes -LRB- 2007 -- 08 -RRB- , Alcatraz -LRB- 2012 -RRB- and Last Man Standing -LRB- 2012 -- 15 -RRB- . He received a Saturn Award for his performance in the 2013 `` Granite State '' episode of Breaking Bad . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Baloch_people", "Balochi_language", "Western_Iranian_languages", "Karachay-Balkar_language", "Ferozkohi" ]

[ "The Baloch or Baluch -LRB- Balochi : -RRB- are a people who live mainly in the Balochistan region of the southeastern-most edge of the Iranian plateau in Pakistan , Iran , and Afghanistan , as well as in the Arabian Peninsula . They mainly speak the Balochi language , a branch of Northwestern Iranian languages , and are an Iranic people . About 50 % of the total Baloch population live in Balochistan , a western province of Pakistan ; 40 % of Baloch are settled in Sindh ; and a significant number of Baloch people in Punjab of Pakistan . They make up nearly 3.6 % of the Pakistani population , about 2 % of Iran 's population -LRB- 1.5 million -RRB- and about 2 % of Afghanistan 's population . Baloch people co-inhabit desert and mountainous regions with Pashtuns , Baloch people practice Islam , are predominantly Sunni , and use Urdu as a lingua-franca to communicate with other ethnic groups , such as Pashtuns and Sindhis , similar to the rest of Pakistan . Prominent Baloch people in Pakistan include former Prime Minister Zafarullah Khan Jamali and former President Asif Ali Zardari who is an ethnic Baloch from Sindh . Iftikhar Muhammad Chaudhry born in Quetta , is the longest-serving Chief Justice of Pakistan is another prominent Baloch personality . The son of Benazir Bhutto , Bilawal Bhutto Zardari is the Chief of the Baloch Zardari tribe . Farooq Leghari was the first ever ethnic Baloch to be elected President , he was the tribal chief of the Leghari tribe . ", "Balochi -LRB- -LSB- بلؤچی , links = no -RSB- -RRB- is a Northwestern Iranian language . It is the principal language of the Baloch people . ", "The Western Iranian languages are a branch of the Iranian languages , attested from the time of Old Persian -LRB- 6th century BC -RRB- and Median . ", "The Karachay-Balkar language -LRB- Къарачай-Малкъар тил , Qaraçay-Malqar til or Таулу тил , Tawlu til -RRB- is a Turkic language spoken by the Karachays and Balkars . It is divided into two dialects : Karachay-Baksan-Chegem , which pronounces two phonemes as -LSB- / tʃ / -RSB- and -LSB- / dʒ / -RSB- , and Balkar , which pronounces the corresponding phonemes as -LSB- / ts / -RSB- and -LSB- / z / -RSB- . The modern Karachay-Balkar written language is based on the Karachay-Baksan-Chegem dialect . The language is closely related to Kumyk . ", "Ferozkohi are tribes who presently live in Firuzkuh , Iran and speak the Persian languages , but are ethnic Kurds . Category : Kurdish tribes Category : Ethnic groups in Iran " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "Baloch_people", "Balochi_language", "Western_Iranian_languages", "Karachay-Balkar_language", "Ferozkohi" ]

[ "The Baloch or Baluch -LRB- Balochi : -RRB- are a people who live mainly in the Balochistan region of the southeastern-most edge of the Iranian plateau in Pakistan , Iran , and Afghanistan , as well as in the Arabian Peninsula . They mainly speak the Balochi language , a branch of Northwestern Iranian languages , and are an Iranic people . About 50 % of the total Baloch population live in Balochistan , a western province of Pakistan ; 40 % of Baloch are settled in Sindh ; and a significant number of Baloch people in Punjab of Pakistan . They make up nearly 3.6 % of the Pakistani population , about 2 % of Iran 's population -LRB- 1.5 million -RRB- and about 2 % of Afghanistan 's population . Baloch people co-inhabit desert and mountainous regions with Pashtuns , Baloch people practice Islam , are predominantly Sunni , and use Urdu as a lingua-franca to communicate with other ethnic groups , such as Pashtuns and Sindhis , similar to the rest of Pakistan . Prominent Baloch people in Pakistan include former Prime Minister Zafarullah Khan Jamali and former President Asif Ali Zardari who is an ethnic Baloch from Sindh . Iftikhar Muhammad Chaudhry born in Quetta , is the longest-serving Chief Justice of Pakistan is another prominent Baloch personality . The son of Benazir Bhutto , Bilawal Bhutto Zardari is the Chief of the Baloch Zardari tribe . Farooq Leghari was the first ever ethnic Baloch to be elected President , he was the tribal chief of the Leghari tribe . ", "Balochi -LRB- -LSB- بلؤچی , links = no -RSB- -RRB- is a Northwestern Iranian language . It is the principal language of the Baloch people . ", "The Western Iranian languages are a branch of the Iranian languages , attested from the time of Old Persian -LRB- 6th century BC -RRB- and Median . ", "The Karachay-Balkar language -LRB- Къарачай-Малкъар тил , Qaraçay-Malqar til or Таулу тил , Tawlu til -RRB- is a Turkic language spoken by the Karachays and Balkars . It is divided into two dialects : Karachay-Baksan-Chegem , which pronounces two phonemes as -LSB- / tʃ / -RSB- and -LSB- / dʒ / -RSB- , and Balkar , which pronounces the corresponding phonemes as -LSB- / ts / -RSB- and -LSB- / z / -RSB- . The modern Karachay-Balkar written language is based on the Karachay-Baksan-Chegem dialect . The language is closely related to Kumyk . ", "Ferozkohi are tribes who presently live in Firuzkuh , Iran and speak the Persian languages , but are ethnic Kurds . Category : Kurdish tribes Category : Ethnic groups in Iran " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "List_of_companies_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda", "Antigua", "Antigua_and_Barbuda", "Index_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda-related_articles", "All_Saints,_Antigua_and_Barbuda" ]

[ "Antigua and Barbuda is a twin-island country in the Americas , lying between the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean . It consists of two major inhabited islands , Antigua and Barbuda , and a number of smaller islands -LRB- including Great Bird , Green , Guinea , Long , Maiden and York Islands and further south , the island of Redonda -RRB- . The permanent population numbers about 81,800 -LRB- at the 2011 Census -RRB- and the capital and largest port and city is St. John 's , on Antigua . Tourism dominates the economy , accounting for more than half of the Gross Domestic Product -LRB- GDP -RRB- . Antigua is famous for its many luxury resorts . Investment banking and financial services also make up an important part of the economy . ", "Antigua -LRB- -LSB- ænˈtiːɡə -RSB- -RRB- , also known as Waladli or Wadadli by the native population , is an island in the West Indies . It is one of the Leeward Islands in the Caribbean region and the main island of the country of Antigua and Barbuda . Antigua and Barbuda became an independent state within the Commonwealth of Nations on 1 November 1981 . Antigua means `` ancient '' in Spanish after an icon in Seville Cathedral , `` Santa Maria de la Antigua '' -- St. Mary of the Old Cathedral . The name Waladli comes from the indigenous inhabitants and means approximately `` our own '' . The island 's circumference is roughly 87 km and its area 281 km2 . Its population was 80,161 -LRB- at the 2011 Census -RRB- . The economy is mainly reliant on tourism , with the agricultural sector serving the domestic market . Over 32,000 people live in the capital city , St. John 's , at . The capital is situated in the north-west and has a deep harbour which is able to accommodate large cruise ships . Other leading population settlements are All Saints -LRB- 3,412 -RRB- and Liberta -LRB- 2,239 -RRB- , according to the 2001 census . English Harbour on the south-eastern coast is famed for its protected shelter during violent storms . It is the site of a restored British colonial naval station called `` Nelson 's Dockyard '' after Captain Horatio Nelson . Today English Harbour and the neighbouring village of Falmouth are internationally famous as a yachting and sailing destination and provisioning centre . During Antigua Sailing Week , at the end of April and beginning of May , the annual world-class regatta brings many sailing vessels and sailors to the island to play sports . ", "Antigua and Barbuda -LRB- -LSB- ænˈtiːɡə_ənd_bɑːrˈbjuːdə -RSB- ;-RRB- is a twin-island country in the Americas , lying between the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean . It consists of two major inhabited islands , Antigua and Barbuda , and a number of smaller islands -LRB- including Great Bird , Green , Guinea , Long , Maiden and York Islands and further south , the island of Redonda -RRB- . The permanent population numbers about 81,800 -LRB- at the 2011 Census -RRB- and the capital and largest port and city is St. John 's , on Antigua . Separated by a few nautical miles , Antigua and Barbuda are in the middle of the Leeward Islands , part of the Lesser Antilles , roughly at 17 ° N of the equator . The country 's name was given by Christopher Columbus in 1493 after discovering the island , in honor of the Virgin of La Antigua in the Seville Cathedral . The country is nicknamed `` Land of 365 Beaches '' due to the many beaches surrounding the islands . Its governance , language , and culture have all been strongly influenced by the British Empire , of which the country was formerly a part . ", "The following is an alphabetical list of topics related to the nation of Antigua and Barbuda . ", "All Saints is the second largest town in Antigua and Barbuda , with a population of 3,412 . It is located in the middle of Antigua , at . Just 5 miles SE of here is the capital , St. John 's . Within the vicinity of the town is Betty 's Hope , the first large-scale sugarcane plantation in Antigua . Betty 's Hope was built in 1674 by Sir Christopher Codrington , the namesake of Codrington , and was named for his daughter , Elizabeth Codrington . The only remaining structures are two stone sugar mills and the remains of the stillhouse , though its important role in Antigua 's history has inspired its government to turn it into an open-air museum . The area around All Saints is known for its traditional pottery . Potter 's Village , a nearby settlement , is named after it . " ]

[ 1, 1, 2, 0, 2 ]

[ "Foot_Locker", "ABC-Mart", "Matthew_Rubel", "Herschel_Supply_Co.", "Néit_-LRB-company-RRB-" ]

[ "Foot Locker Retail , Inc. is an American sportswear and footwear retailer , with its headquarters in Midtown Manhattan , New York City , and operating in 28 countries worldwide . Although established in 1974 , and founded as a separate company in 1988 , Foot Locker is a successor corporation to the F. W. Woolworth Company -LRB- `` Woolworth 's '' -RRB- , as many of its freestanding stores were former Woolworth 's locations . The company operates the eponymous `` Foot Locker '' chain of athletic footwear retail outlets -LRB- along with `` Kids Foot Locker '' and `` Lady Foot Locker '' stores -RRB- , and other athletic-based divisions including Champs Sports , Footaction USA , House of Hoops , and Eastbay/Footlocker . com , which owns the rights to Final Score . The company is also famous for its employees ' uniforms at its flagship Foot Locker chain , resembling those of referees . According to the company 's filings with the SEC , as of January 28 , 2017 , Foot Locker , Inc. had 3,363 primarily mall-based stores in the United States , Canada , Europe , and Asia . ", "ABC-Mart is a Japanese footwear company , founded by Masahiro Miki . It has stores in Japan , Taiwan , and South Korea . In 2012 , ABC bought the American company LaCrosse Footwear , which in turn purchased the US bootmaker Whites Boots in 2014 . ", "Matthew E. Rubel -LRB- born November 29 , 1957 -RRB- is an American entrepreneur and investor and is currently the Chief Executive Officer of Varsity Brands . Formerly he was Chairman , CEO and President of Collective Brands , Inc. . , the parent company for Payless ShoeSource , a footwear , accessory and lifestyle brand company ; Collective Brands ' Performance + Lifestyles Group -LRB- formerly The Stride Rite Corporation -RRB- ; and Collective Licensing International . ", "Herschel Supply Co. is a Canadian manufacturer of hipster retro backpacks and accessories . The company was founded by Lyndon and Jamie Cormack in 2009 and is based in Vancouver , British Columbia . It expanded quickly , and featured 10,000 points of sale in 2016 . Slate described the brand as `` a global phenomenon , glimpsed wherever hipsters dare to tread . '' Its products comprise backpacks , duffel bags , other luggage , hats and other accessories . The brand is aimed at 18-to-35-year-old consumers , and is based on evoking a sense of American nostalgia -- for instance through synthetic leather straps and an old-time logo , as well as through its name , which refers to Herschel , Saskatchewan , a very small Canadian frontier village . ", "Néit -LRB- pronounced as neat -RRB- , is a company based in London , United Kingdom , that manufactures smart hard case luggage . The company is known for its eponymous smart luggage . Néit 's Kickstarter Luggage campaign was launched at the end of January 2016 and reached its initial goal in 50 days . As of August 2016 , it is in production and expected to ship December 2016 . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Kung_Fu_Panda", "2010_Hong_Kong_Super_Series", "Godzilla_-LRB-2014_film-RRB-", "2013_Chinese_Taipei_Open_Grand_Prix_Gold", "The_Party_at_Kitty_and_Stud's" ]

[ "Kung Fu Panda is a 2008 American computer-animated action comedy martial arts film produced by DreamWorks Animation and distributed by Paramount Pictures . It was directed by John Stevenson and Mark Osborne and produced by Melissa Cobb , and stars the voices of Jack Black , Dustin Hoffman , Angelina Jolie , Ian McShane , Seth Rogen , Lucy Liu , David Cross , Randall Duk Kim , James Hong , and Jackie Chan . Set in a version of ancient China populated by anthropomorphic talking animals , the plot revolves around a bumbling panda named Po who aspires to be a kung fu master . When an evil kung fu warrior is foretold to escape after twenty years in prison , Po is unwittingly named the chosen one destined to defeat him and bring peace to the land , much to the chagrin of the resident kung fu warriors . The idea for the film was conceived by Michael Lachance , a DreamWorks Animation executive . The film was originally intended to be a parody , but director Stevenson decided instead , to shoot an action comedy wuxia film that incorporates the hero 's journey narrative archetype for the lead character . The computer animation in the film was more complex than anything DreamWorks had done before . As with most DreamWorks animated films , Hans Zimmer -LRB- collaborating with John Powell this time -RRB- scored Kung Fu Panda . He visited China to absorb the culture and get to know the China National Symphony Orchestra as part of his preparation . A sequel , Kung Fu Panda 2 , was released on May 26 , 2011 , along with a television series , Kung Fu Panda : Legends of Awesomeness later that same year as a part of a franchise . A second sequel called Kung Fu Panda 3 was released on January 29 , 2016 . Kung Fu Panda premiered in the United States on June 6 , 2008 . The film received critical acclaim upon release . Kung Fu Panda opened in 4,114 theaters , grossing $ 20.3 million on its opening day and $ 60.2 million on its opening weekend , resulting in the number one position at the box office . The film became DreamWorks ' biggest opening for a non-sequel film , the highest grossing animated film of the year worldwide , and also had the fourth-largest opening weekend for a DreamWorks animated film at the American and Canadian box office , behind Shrek 2 , Shrek the Third , and Shrek Forever After . ", "The 2010 Hong Kong Super Series was a top level badminton competition which was held from December 7 , 2010 to December 12 , 2010 in Hong Kong . It was the 12th BWF Super Series competition on the 2010 BWF Super Series schedule . The total purse for the event was $ 200,000 . ", "Godzilla is a 2014 American monster film directed by Gareth Edwards and a reboot of Toho 's Godzilla franchise . It is the 30th film in the Godzilla franchise , the first film in Legendary 's MonsterVerse , and the second Godzilla film to be completely produced by a Hollywood studio , the first being the 1998 film of the same name . It stars Aaron Taylor-Johnson , Ken Watanabe , Elizabeth Olsen , Juliette Binoche , Sally Hawkins , David Strathairn , and Bryan Cranston . The film is a co-production between Legendary Pictures and Warner Bros. . Pictures , with the latter also distributing the film worldwide , except in Japan where it was distributed by Toho . The project initially began in 2004 and was originally intended to be an IMAX short film but was later transferred to Legendary for development as a feature film . Principal photography took place in the United States and Canada in 2013 . Godzilla was released worldwide in 2D , 3D and IMAX on May 16 , 2014 to generally positive reviews and was a box office success , grossing $ 200 million domestically and $ 529.1 million worldwide . The film 's success prompted Toho to produce a reboot of its own and Legendary to proceed with sequels and a shared cinematic franchise , with Godzilla : King of the Monsters set to be released in 2019 and Godzilla vs. Kong to be released in 2020 . ", "The 2013 Chinese Taipei Open Grand Prix Gold was the ninth grand prix gold and grand prix tournament of the 2013 BWF Grand Prix Gold and Grand Prix . The tournament was held in Hsing Chuang Gymnasium , Taipei , Chinese Taipei September 3 until September 8 , 2013 and had a total purse of $ 200,000 . ", "The Party at Kitty and Stud 's , better known under the alternative title Italian Stallion , is a 1970 American softcore adult film and is Sylvester Stallone 's film debut and first starring role , for which he worked two days and was paid $ 200 . In 1976 , shortly after the release of Stallone 's popular hit Rocky , the film was edited and re-released as Italian Stallion to capitalize on its now-famous star . " ]

[ 1, 0, 1, 0, 0 ]

[ "Story_of_My_Life_-LRB-One_Direction_song-RRB-", "All_My_Life_-LRB-K-Ci_&_JoJo_song-RRB-", "Never_Even_Told_Me_Her_Name", "The_Little_Girl_I_Once_Knew", "That's_Life_-LRB-song-RRB-" ]

[ "`` Story of My Life '' is a song recorded by English Irish boy band One Direction . It was released on 6 November 2013 by Syco Music and Columbia Records as the second single from the group 's third studio album , Midnight Memories -LRB- 2013 -RRB- . Written by band members Niall Horan , Zayn Malik , Harry Styles , Liam Payne and Louis Tomlinson , along with Julian Bunetta , Jamie Scott , and John Ryan , the lyrics speak of a tumultuous relationship leading to lament and heartbreak . ", "`` All My Life '' is a song recorded by American R&B duo K-Ci & JoJo . The track was produced and written by Joel `` JoJo '' Hailey and Rory Bennett for K-Ci & JoJo 's debut studio album , Love Always -LRB- 1997 -RRB- . It samples Paul Anka 's 1983 hit , `` Hold Me 'Til the Mornin ' Comes '' . The song was released physically as airplay on December 1997 and January 6 , 1998 as the third single from the album through MCA Records . `` All My Life '' is an R&B , and soul song . Music critics have claimed this as the duo 's most successful song of their career . `` All My Life '' was a commercial success , and topped the Billboard Hot 100 for three consecutive weeks . It was certified platinum in the US , and was the duo 's longest-running number-one single of their career . `` All My Life '' performed well internationally , reaching top ten in many countries , including Australia , Belgium , Netherlands , New Zealand , Norway , Sweden , Switzerland , as well as the United Kingdom and achieving platinum status in Australia and gold status in Sweden . ", "Never Even Told Me Her Name is a song by Bournemouth-based band Air Traffic taken from their debut album , Fractured Life '' , released on 2 July 2007 . It was the first song from the band to be added to the influential BBC Radio 1 playlist , where it was added to the 1-Up-front playlist , as well as being crowned `` Hottest Record In The World '' AND `` Single Of The Week '' by Radio 1 's Zane Lowe . It was released as an EP along with 3 other songs from the album on 30 October 2006 , as the band 's first release with EMI Records . `` Time Goes By '' is found on the EP as an acoustic version , and would later be re-recorded with the full band for the album . One of these tracks , a demo named `` Shooting Star '' , would later be re-recorded and re-released as a single on 18 June 2007 . The artwork for the EP was designed by the band , and photographed in the Recording Studio where they were currently recording their debut album , Fractured Life , in Rockfield Studio , Monmouth , Wales . Due to being an EP , `` Never Even Told Me Her Name '' was ineligible to enter the UK Top 40 . It was released as a CD , download , and limited edition , numbered double 7 '' vinyl . ", "`` The Little Girl I Once Knew '' is a song written by Brian Wilson for the American rock band the Beach Boys , released as a non-album single in 1965 . AllMusic called the song `` a virtual link between the slightly progressive work on songs such as ` California Girls ' and the then-quantum leap taken by Wilson on Pet Sounds and ` Good Vibrations ' '' . Unified by an opening hook which intertwines keyboards with guitars , the song is eccentric for using stop-start melody sections along with a few dramatic periods of silence lasting several seconds each . ", "`` That 's Life '' is a popular song written by Dean Kay and Kelly Gordon and first recorded by Marion Montgomery . The most famous version is by Frank Sinatra , released on his 1966 album of the same name . Sinatra recorded the song after hearing an earlier cover of it by O.C. Smith ; the song proved successful and reached the fourth spot on the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart . Following the success of Sinatra 's version , it was subsequently recorded by a number of artists including Aretha Franklin , James Booker , Shirley Bassey , James Brown , Van Morrison , David Lee Roth , Michael Bolton , Michael Bublé , Russell Watson , and Deana Martin . Sinatra 's version appeared in the 1993 film A Bronx Tale and the 2004 video game Tony Hawk 's Underground 2 , while a cover by Bono was on the soundtrack of the The Good Thief -LRB- 2002 -RRB- . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "The_Chaperone_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Nearly_a_Deserter", "The_Sultan's_Wife", "Reno_-LRB-1930_film-RRB-", "The_Spitfire" ]

[ "The Chaperone is a 2011 American comedy film directed by Stephen Herek , and also produced by WWE Studios . It stars Triple H , Yeardley Smith , Ariel Winter , Kevin Corrigan , José Zúñiga , Kevin Rankin , Enrico Colantoni , and Israel Boussard . ", "Nearly a Deserter is a 1916 American short silent comedy film produced by the United States Motion Picture Corporation under the Black Diamond Comedy name . The film was the first Black Diamond Comedy distributed by the Paramount Pictures . ", "The Sultan 's Wife is a 1917 American silent comedy film directed by Clarence G. Badger and starring Bobby Vernon and Gloria Swanson . The film is also known under the title Caught in a Harem . ", "Reno is a 1930 drama film directed by George J. Crone and starring silent serial queen Ruth Roland . It was produced and distributed by early sound era production studio Sono Art-World Wide Pictures . Roland 's rare foray into a sound film , it would be followed by only one more talkie . ", "The Spitfire is a 1914 American comedy film directed by Edwin S. Porter and Frederick A. Thomson and written by Edward Henry Peple . The film stars Carlyle Blackwell , Violet Mersereau , Lionel Adams , Robert Cummings , William R. Dunn and Redfield Clarke . The film was released on June 20 , 1914 , by Paramount Pictures . " ]

[ 1, 2, 2, 0, 0 ]

[ "Corsica", "Monte_Cinto", "List_of_mammals_of_Corsica", "Gritulu", "Corsi_people" ]

[ "Corsica -LRB- -LSB- ˈkɔrsɪkə -RSB- Corse -LSB- kɔʁs -RSB- Corsican and Italian : Corsica -LSB- ˈkɔrsika -RSB- -RRB- is an island in the Mediterranean Sea and one of the 13 regions of France . It is located west of the Italian Peninsula , southeast of the French mainland , and north of the Italian island of Sardinia . A single chain of mountains makes up two-thirds of the island . While being part of France , Corsica is also designated as a territorial collectivity -LRB- collectivité territoriale -RRB- by law . As a territorial collectivity , Corsica enjoys a greater degree of autonomy than other French regions ; for example , the Corsican Assembly is able to exercise limited executive powers . The island formed a single department until it was split in 1975 into two departments : Haute-Corse -LRB- Upper Corsica -RRB- and Corse-du-Sud -LRB- Southern Corsica -RRB- , with its regional capital in Ajaccio , the prefecture city of Corse-du-Sud . Bastia , the prefecture city of Haute-Corse , is the second-largest settlement in Corsica . After being ruled by the Republic of Genoa since 1284 , Corsica was briefly an independent Corsican Republic from 1755 until it was conquered by France in 1769 . Due to Corsica 's historical ties with the Italian peninsula , the island retains to this day many elements of the culture of Italy . The native Corsican language , whose northern variant is closely related to the Italian language , is recognised as a regional language by the French government . This Mediterranean island was ruled by various nations over the course of history but had several brief periods of independence . Napoleon was born in 1769 in the Corsican capital of Ajaccio . His ancestral home , Maison Bonaparte , is today used as a museum . ", "Monte Cinto -LRB- Monte Cintu -RRB- is the highest mountain on the island of Corsica , a région of France . ", "This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Corsica , France . The following tags are used to highlight each species ' conservation status as assessed by the IUCN . Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria . Species assessed using this system have the following instead of Near Threatened and Least Concern categories : ", "Gritulu is an archaeological site in Corsica . It is located in the commune of Luri , Haute-Corse . Category : Archaeological sites in Corsica ", "The Corsi were an ancient people of Corsica and Sardinia , noted by Ptolemy -LRB- III , 3 -RRB- . They dwelt at the extreme north-east of the latter island , in the region today known as Gallura , near the Tibulati and immediately north of the Coracenses . According to historian Ettore Pais and archeologist Giovanni Ugas , the Corsi probably belong to the Ligurian people . In the myth , reported by Sallust , the peopling of Corsica is traced back to Corsa , a Ligurian woman who when grazing her cattle , went to the island , which then took her name . Pausanias in the Description of Greece wrote : . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Rick_Ross", "Leech_-LRB-comics-RRB-", "Urban_Rapsody", "Rather_You_Than_Me", "Hatchet_II" ]

[ "William Leonard Roberts II -LRB- born January 28 , 1976 -RRB- , known professionally by his stage name Rick Ross , is an American rapper and entrepreneur . In 2009 , Ross founded the record label Maybach Music Group , on which he released his studio albums Deeper Than Rap -LRB- 2009 -RRB- , Teflon Don -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , God Forgives , I Do n't -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , Mastermind , Hood Billionaire -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , Black Market -LRB- 2015 -RRB- , and Rather You Than Me -LRB- 2017 -RRB- . Ross was also the first artist signed to Diddy 's management company Ciroc Entertainment . In early 2012 , MTV named Ross as the Hottest MC in the Game . ", "Leech is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . Leech made his first appearance in Uncanny X-Men as a Morlock , a group of mutants whose deformities force them to live in the sewers under Manhattan . He is usually depicted as being around twelve years old -LRB- his exact age is unrevealed -RRB- . He speaks in broken English and refers to himself in the third person . ", "Urban Rapsody is the final album by American funk singer Rick James before his death . It was released through Mercury Records and Private-I Records in 1997 . The album combines rap and funk . Urban Rapsody received both a Parental Advisory sticker , James ' only album with it , and mixed reviews . It was his first release since 1988 's Wonderful , due to substance abuse problems and periods incarcerated in prison . ", "Rather You Than Me is the ninth studio album by American rapper Rick Ross . It was released on March 17 , 2017 , by Maybach Music Group and Epic Records . The album features guest appearances from Anthony Hamilton , Dej Loaf , Jeezy , Yo Gotti , Nas , Future , Gucci Mane , Meek Mill , Raphael Saadiq , Ty Dolla Sign , Wale , and Young Thug , among others . It was supported by two singles : `` I Think She Like Me '' and `` Trap Trap Trap '' . ", "Hatchet II is a 2010 American slasher film written and directed by Adam Green . It is the sequel to Green 's film , Hatchet . Picking up right where the first film ended , Hatchet II follows Marybeth as she escapes the clutches of the deformed , swamp-dwelling killer Victor Crowley . After learning the truth about her family 's connection to the hatchet-wielding madman , Marybeth returns to the Louisiana swamps along with an army of hunters to recover the bodies of her family and exact the bloodiest revenge against the bayou butcher . The film sees the return of Kane Hodder and Tony Todd who portrayed Victor Crowley and Reverend Zombie in the 2006 film , respectively . Danielle Harris portrays Marybeth , a role originally played by Tamara Feldman . The film was originally screened at the 2010 London FrightFest Film Festival on August 26 , 2010 . It was released unrated in the United States on October 1 , 2010 . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "DodgeBall-COLON-_A_True_Underdog_Story", "Underdogs_-LRB-2013_drama_film-RRB-", "School_Spirit", "Gamebox_1.0", "Like_Mike_2-COLON-_Streetball" ]

[ "DodgeBall : A True Underdog Story is a 2004 American sports comedy film written and directed by Rawson Marshall Thurber and starring Vince Vaughn and Ben Stiller . The film follows friends who enter a dodgeball tournament in order to win enough money to save their failing gym from being bought by a corporate fitness chain . DodgeBall received generally positive reviews , including a 70 % approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes , and grossed $ 167 million worldwide . ", "Underdogs is a 2013 football sports drama film , directed by Doug Dearth . The film is loosely based on true events which occurred in and around Canton , Ohio . ", "For the term , see School spiritSchool Spirit '' is a 1985 comedy film about a college student who is killed in a car accident and returns as a ghost to haunt his school . The film was directed by Alan Holleb , and stars Tom Nolan , Roberta Collins , and Larry Linville . ", "Gamebox 1.0 -LRB- 2004 -RRB- is a film starring Nate Richert -LRB- Sabrina , the Teenage Witch -RRB- and Danielle Fishel -LRB- Boy Meets World -RRB- about a video game that traps the player inside it when started . The only escape is to win the game . It was directed by the brothers David and Scott Hillenbrand , who wrote it with Patrick Casey and Worm Miller . It was released on DVD in the United States on April 10 , 2007 . ", "Like Mike 2 : Streetball is an American direct-to-video film , and stand-alone sequel to Like Mike . It was directed by David Nelson and released on June 6 , 2006 . This film does not feature any of the original cast nor are there any mentions of the previous film . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "Robert_Singer_-LRB-producer-RRB-", "Robert_Teitel", "Robert_Lorenz", "Rob_McElhenney", "Robert_Hull" ]

[ "Robert Singer is an American television producer , director and writer . He is best known for his work on Supernatural where he serves as an executive producer , director and occasional writer . The character Bobby Singer was named after him . A fictionalized version of Singer appears in the season 6 episode The French Mistake played by Brian Doyle-Murray . Singer also created the series Reasonable Doubts and has worked as a producer and director on various television series , including Lois & Clark : The New Adventures of Superman . He also served as a producer for the film Cujo ", "Robert Teitel is an American film producer . Teitel produced the films Soul Food -LRB- 1997 -RRB- , Men of Honor -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , and the three films in the Barbershop series : Barbersop , Barbershop 2 : Back in Business , and Beauty Shop . He also co-produced of the television series Barbershop : The Series . A 1990 graduate of Columbia College Chicago , he has been associated with writer/director George Tillman , Jr. since they were students there . ", "Robert Lorenz is an American film producer and director , best known for his collaborations with Clint Eastwood . ", "Robert Dale `` Rob '' McElhenney -LRB- born April 14 , 1977 -RRB- is an American actor , director , producer , and screenwriter . He is best known for playing Mac on the FX/FXX comedy series It 's Always Sunny in Philadelphia . He is also one of the developers , executive producers , and the creator of the show , which has provided him with writing and directing credits on various episodes . ", "Robert Hull is an American television writer and producer . He is well known for his work on The CW Television Network drama/Mystery `` Veronica Mars '' and `` Gossip Girl '' as well as the Fox Television Network/Bad Robot drama `` Alcatraz '' produced by J.J. Abrams and the ABC fantasy/mystery series Once Upon a Time . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 2, 2 ]

[ "Wolfgang_Amadeus_Mozart", "Maria_Anna_Thekla_Mozart", "Elisabeth_Wendling", "Ferdinand_I_of_Limburg_Stirum", "Johann_of_Isenberg-Limburg" ]

[ "Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart -LRB- -LSB- ˈwʊlfɡæŋ_æməˈdeɪəs_ˈmoʊtsɑrt -RSB- ; -LSB- ˈvɔlfɡaŋ amaˈdeːʊs ˈmoːtsaʁt -RSB- ; 27 January 1756 -- 5 December 1791 -RRB- , baptised as Johannes Chrysostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart , was a prolific and influential composer of the Classical era . Born in Salzburg , he showed prodigious ability from his earliest childhood . Already competent on keyboard and violin , he composed from the age of five and performed before European royalty . At 17 , Mozart was engaged as a musician at the Salzburg court , but grew restless and traveled in search of a better position . While visiting Vienna in 1781 , he was dismissed from his Salzburg position . He chose to stay in the capital , where he achieved fame but little financial security . During his final years in Vienna , he composed many of his best-known symphonies , concertos , and operas , and portions of the Requiem , which was largely unfinished at the time of his death . The circumstances of his early death have been much mythologized . He was survived by his wife Constanze and two sons . He composed more than 600 works , many acknowledged as pinnacles of symphonic , concertante , chamber , operatic , and choral music . He is among the most enduringly popular of classical composers , and his influence is profound on subsequent Western art music . Ludwig van Beethoven composed his own early works in the shadow of Mozart , and Joseph Haydn wrote : `` posterity will not see such a talent again in 100 years '' . ", "Maria Anna Thekla Mozart -LRB- September 25 , 1758 -- January 25 , 1841 -RRB- , called Marianne , known as Bäsle -LRB- `` little cousin '' -RRB- , was the cousin of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart . ", "Elisabeth -LRB- `` Lisl '' -RRB- Augusta Wendling , -LRB- née Sarselli ; 20 February 1746 -LRB- baptised -RRB- -- 10 January 1786 -RRB- was a German soprano , for whom Mozart wrote the role of Electra in his opera Idomeneo , re di Creta . Wendling was born in Mannheim . There were four musicians in the original Idomeneo from the Wendling family . She usually sang with her sister-in-law Dorothea Wendling , after her début in 1762 in Sofonisba by Tommaso Traetta . Later , she occasionally sang as the prima donna , most famously as Anna in Günther von Schwarzburg -LRB- 1777 -RRB- by Ignaz Holzbauer . In a letter , Mozart says he has been introduced to her by Cannabich and that she was very good-looking , and a good musician . Wendling had been greatly praised by Mozart 's father and thus was chosen for the role of Electra . In 1785 she was engaged to sing in Alessio Prati 's Armida abbandonata , but fell ill and had to hand the role to her niece ; she never sang in public again . She died in Munich . ", "Ferdinand Gotthard Meinrad of Limburg Stirum , count of Limburg , `` Fürst '' von Styrum , sovereign lord zu Gemen , was born in 1701 , son of Maximilian Wilhelm of Limburg Stirum . He inherited the immediate lordship of Gemen at the death of his cousin the Prince-Bishop of Speyer , August Philipp of Limburg-Stirum-Gemen . He married Katharina Karoline von Eptingen and they had one son , Ferdinand III , who died young . Ferdinand I died in 1791 and Gemen passed to his nephew Karl Josef of Limburg Stirum . Category : Counts of Limburg Stirum Category :1701 births Category :1801 deaths ", "Johann of Isenberg-Limburg , count of Limburg -LRB- born before 1246 , died before 1277 -RRB- , son of Dietrich I of Isenberg . He married Agnes von Wildenberg ; they had three children : Dietrich II , count of Isenberg-Limburg -LRB- died c. 1303 -RRB- . Friedrich , a canon in Cologne -LRB- died 1321 -RRB- ; Mechtild , married Egbert von Almelo . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Bill_Graham_Civic_Auditorium", "Auditorium_-LRB-Torrance_High_School-RRB-", "Imperial_Theatre,_Saint_John", "Menominee_Opera_House", "Fourteenth_Street_Theatre" ]

[ "The Bill Graham Civic Auditorium -LRB- formerly San Francisco Civic Auditorium -RRB- is a multi-purpose arena in San Francisco , California , named after promoter Bill Graham . The arena holds 7,000 people . It was designed by renowned Bay Area architect John Galen Howard and built in 1915 as part of the Panama -- Pacific International Exposition . The auditorium hosted the 1920 Democratic National Convention , National AAU boxing trials in 1948 , and it was the home of the San Francisco Warriors of the National Basketball Association from 1964 to 1967 . The World Cyber Games 2004 were held in the civic auditorium . In 1992 , the San Francisco Board of Supervisors voted to rename the San Francisco Civic Auditorium after the rock concert impresario Bill Graham , who had died the year before in a helicopter crash . The arena has hosted concerts by many famous artists , spanning many different genres . It is owned by the City of San Francisco and since 2010 has been operated by Another Planet Entertainment , generating about $ 100,000 in leasing revenue for the city annually . ", "The Auditorium , also known as the Assembly Hall , is a PWA Moderne style building located on the campus of Torrance High School in Torrance , Los Angeles County , California . When built in 1924 the building was a source of pride for Torrance , and was its first large meeting hall , preceding construction of a civic center . It was damaged in the 1933 Long Beach earthquake and was rebuilt as a New Deal project . It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983 . The Torrance High School Campus Thematic Resources study states that the auditorium is an outstanding example of PWA Moderne work . The Auditorium is one of four buildings on the campus of the Torrance High School listed on the NRHP , the other buildings are : Torrance School Main Building Home Economics Building ", "The Imperial Theatre , in Saint John , New Brunswick , was designed by Philadelphia architect Albert Westover and built in 1912 by the Imperial Theatre by the Keith-Albee-Orpheum Corporation vaudeville chain of New York City and their Canadian subsidiary , the Saint John Amusements Company Ltd. . It opened to the public on September 19 , 1913 . One of Canada 's first comedy troupes , The Dumbbells staged several of their first shows there . Many early stars of silent film had their films played in the Imperial , such as Charlie Chaplin , Buster Keaton , Fatty Arbuckle , Greta Garbo , and Harold Lloyd . The theatre was designed as a modern adaptation of the Italian Renaissance , and opened on September 19 , 1913 , and was used both for live vaudeville acts as well as `` talkies '' . In 1929 , it was renamed the Capitol Theatre , and like most vaudeville houses across the continent , became a cinema . From 1957-1982 the Imperial Theatre was used as a meeting space by the Full Gospel Assembly . In 1982 the Imperial was abandoned by the religious group . ", "Built in 1902 , the Menominee Opera House -LRB- later known as Menominee Theatre -RRB- resides in the Historic Waterfront District of downtown Menominee , Michigan . It was designed by well-known American architect George O. Garnsey , whose other designs include the Ogle County Courthouse in Oregon , Illinois and Queen Anne style homes such as the Ellwood House in DeKalb , Illinois . ", "The Fourteenth Street Theatre was a New York City theatre located at 107 West 14th Street just west of Sixth Avenue . It was designed by Alexander Saeltzer and opened in 1866 as the Theatre Francais , as a home for French language dramas and opera . The theatre was renamed the Lyceum in 1871 . When J.H. Haverly took it over in 1879 , he had renamed it Haverly 's 14th Street Theatre . By the mid-1880s , it had become simply the Fourteenth Street Theatre . By the mid 1910s it was being used as a movie theatre , until actress Eva Le Gallienne turned it into the Civic Repertory Theatre in 1926 . She mounted 34 successful productions , but the Great Depression ended that venture in 1934 . -LRB- 30 May 1942 -RRB- . Producer of Play Found Dead in Hotel , The New York Times The building was demolished in 1938 . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Web_page", "Dynamic_web_page", "B4N", "Category", "Web_usability" ]

[ "A web page , or webpage , is a document that is suitable for the World Wide Web and web browsers . A web browser displays a web page on a monitor or mobile device . The web page is what displays , but the term also refers to a computer file , usually written in HTML or comparable markup language . Web browsers coordinate the various web resource elements for the written web page , such as style sheets , scripts , and images , to present the web page . Typical web pages provide hypertext that includes a navigation bar or a sidebar menu to other web pages via hyperlinks , often referred to as links . On a network , a web browser can retrieve a web page from a remote web server . On a higher level , the web server may restrict access to only a private network such as a corporate intranet or it provides access to the World Wide Web . On a lower level , the web browser uses the Hypertext Transfer Protocol -LRB- HTTP -RRB- to make such requests . A static web page is delivered exactly as stored , as web content in the web server 's file system , while a dynamic web page is generated by a web application that is driven by server-side software or client-side scripting . Dynamic website pages help the browser -LRB- the client -RRB- to enhance the web page through user input to the server . ", "A server-side dynamic web page is a web page whose construction is controlled by an application server processing server-side scripts . In server-side scripting , parameters determine how the assembly of every new web page proceeds , including the setting up of more client-side processing . A client-side dynamic web page processes the web page using HTML scripting running in the browser as it loads . JavaScript and other scripting languages determine the way the HTML in the received page is parsed into the Document Object Model , or DOM , that represents the loaded web page . The same client-side techniques can then dynamically update or change the DOM in the same way . A dynamic web page is then reloaded by the user or by a computer program to change some variable content . The updating information could come from the server , or from changes made to that page 's DOM . This may or may not truncate the browsing history or create a saved version to go back to , but a dynamic web page update using Ajax technologies will neither create a page to go back to , nor truncate the web browsing history forward of the displayed page . Using Ajax technologies the end user gets one dynamic page managed as a single page in the web browser while the actual web content rendered on that page can vary . The Ajax engine sits only on the browser requesting parts of its DOM , the DOM , for its client , from an application server . DHTML is the umbrella term for technologies and methods used to create web pages that are not static web pages . Client-side-scripting , server-side scripting , or a combination of these make for the dynamic web experience in a browser . ", "Category : Internet slang ", "Category , plural categories , may refer to : ", "Web usability is the ease of use of a website . Some broad goals of usability are the presentation of information and choices in a clear and concise way , a lack of ambiguity and the placement of important items in appropriate areas . Another important element of web usability is ensuring that the content works on various devices and browsers . Another concern for usability is ensuring that the website is appropriate for all ages and genders . The idea of Usability is centered on the concept of making the interface of the website more user-friendly . Some of the common aspects of Usability are -- simplicity , consistency , familiarity , clarity , credibility , relevancy and accessibility . The focus is to make users feel at ease and remove all the bottlenecks from the conversion path so that users do n't have to deal with any inconvenience while browsing or purchasing a product online . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "The_Joy_of_Painting", "Bob_Ross", "Chris_Harris_on_Cars", "Cars_Toons", "Amateur's_Guide_to_Love" ]

[ "The Joy of Painting is an American half-hour instructional television show hosted by painter Bob Ross which ran from January 11 , 1983 , until May 17 , 1994 . In each episode , Ross taught techniques for landscape oil painting , completing a painting in each session . The program followed the same format as its predecessor , The Magic of Oil Painting , hosted by Ross 's mentor Bill Alexander . ", "Robert Norman Ross -LRB- October 29 , 1942 -- July 4 , 1995 -RRB- was an American painter , art instructor , and television host . He was the creator and host of The Joy of Painting , an instructional television program that aired from 1983 to 1994 on PBS in the United States , and also aired in Canada , Latin America , and Europe . With a soft voice and a permed afro , Ross went from being a television personality in the 1980s and 1990s to an Internet celebrity popular with fans on YouTube and many other websites . ", "Chris Harris on Cars is a British-American motoring television series , presented by Chris Harris , and broadcast by BBC America from July 11 , 2016 . It is a spinoff show to Top Gear , and is also a television remake of YouTube channel Chris Harris on Cars . ", "Cars Toons is a series of American computer-animated short films by Pixar . It features Lightning McQueen and Mater from Cars . Larry the Cable Guy reprises his role as Mater while Keith Ferguson replaces Owen Wilson as Lightning McQueen -LRB- until The Radiator Springs 500 1/2 when Wilson reprises his role -RRB- . The series ' first broadcast was on October 27 , 2008 on Toon Disney , Disney Channel , and ABC Family . Not exclusive to television , some of those episodes have also premiered on DVDs / Blu-rays or as a theatrical short . ", "The Amateur 's Guide to Love is an American television game show , created by Merrill Heatter and Bob Quigley , that ran on CBS from March 27 to June 23 , 1972 . Gene Rayburn was the emcee , while Kenny Williams was the announcer . The theme was written by Mort Garson . Each episode began with Garson 's theme song , set to shots of a van emblazoned with the Amateur 's Guide to Love logo driving around southern California , with scenes of men and women falling in love with each other . As the van travels around , host Gene Rayburn sets the scene for the game show : Afterwards , the show would then cut to the studio , where announcer Kenny Williams would introduce this week 's panelists -LRB- `` our guidebook advisors '' -RRB- , and Rayburn . " ]

[ 0, 1, 0, 2, 0 ]

[ "You_Only_Live_Twice_-LRB-film-RRB-", "You_Only_Live_2wice", "The_Living", "Jeff,_Who_Lives_at_Home", "Heaven_Can_Wait_-LRB-1978_film-RRB-" ]

[ "You Only Live Twice -LRB- 1967 -RRB- is the fifth spy film in the James Bond series , and the fifth to star Sean Connery as the fictional MI6 agent James Bond . The film 's screenplay was written by Roald Dahl , and loosely based on Ian Fleming 's 1964 novel of the same name . It is the first James Bond film to discard most of Fleming 's plot , using only a few characters and locations from the book as the background for an entirely new story . In the film , Bond is dispatched to Japan after American and Soviet manned spacecraft disappear mysteriously in orbit . With each nation blaming the other amidst the Cold War , Bond travels secretly to a remote Japanese island to find the perpetrators and comes face to face with Ernst Stavro Blofeld , the head of SPECTRE . The film reveals the appearance of Blofeld , who was previously a partially unseen character . SPECTRE is working for the government of an unnamed Asian power , implied to be the People 's Republic of China , to provoke war between the superpowers . During the filming in Japan , it was announced that Sean Connery would retire from the role of Bond , but after a hiatus , he returned in 1971 's Diamonds Are Forever and later 1983 's non-Eon Bond film Never Say Never Again . You Only Live Twice is the first Bond film to be directed by Lewis Gilbert , who later directed the 1977 film The Spy Who Loved Me and the 1979 film Moonraker , both starring Roger Moore . You Only Live Twice was a great success , receiving positive reviews and grossing over $ 111 million in worldwide box office . ", "You Only Live 2wice is the third studio album by American rapper Freddie Gibbs . It was released on March 31 , 2017 , by ESGN and Empire Distribution . The album includes eight tracks with no guest appearances . ", "The Living is a 2014 American drama film written and directed by Jack Bryan . It stars Fran Kranz , Jocelin Donahue , Kenny Wormald , Chris Mulkey , and Joelle Carter . Teddy -LRB- Kranz -RRB- learns he has beaten his wife , Molly -LRB- Donahue -RRB- , in a drunken rage . Her brother , Gordon -LRB- Wormald -RRB- , hires an ex-con -LRB- Mulkey -RRB- to kill Teddy . The film premiered at the 2014 Manhattan Film Festival . ", "Jeff , Who Lives at Home is an American comedy-drama film starring Jason Segel and Ed Helms , written and directed by Jay and Mark Duplass and co-starring Judy Greer and Susan Sarandon . The film premiered on September 14 , 2011 at the 2011 Toronto International Film Festival and then saw a limited release in USA and Canada on March 16 , 2012 , after having been pushed back from the original date of March 2 . The film received positive reviews from critics . ", "Heaven Can Wait is a 1978 American fantasy-comedy film co-directed by Warren Beatty and Buck Henry . It was the second film adaptation of Harry Segall 's play of the same name , being preceded by Here Comes Mr. Jordan -LRB- 1941 -RRB- . The film was nominated for nine Academy Awards . The cast reunites Beatty and Julie Christie , who also starred together in the 1971 McCabe & Mrs. Miller and the 1975 Shampoo . A third film adaptation of the play was done in 2001 , titled Down to Earth . " ]

[ 1, 0, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Cary_Elwes", "Charles_Bigelow_-LRB-type_designer-RRB-", "Veanne_Cox", "Julia_DeMato", "Lucius_Cary,_2nd_Viscount_Falkland" ]

[ "Ivan Simon Cary Elwes -LRB- -LSB- ˈɛlwɪs -RSB- born 26 October 1962 -RRB- , known professionally as Cary Elwes , is an English actor and writer . He is best known for his roles in films such as The Princess Bride , Glory , Robin Hood : Men in Tights , Days of Thunder , Bram Stoker 's Dracula , Hot Shots ! , Twister , The Jungle Book , Liar , Liar , and Saw . He has also had recurring roles in series such as The X-Files and Psych , and currently stars in the Crackle series The Art of More . ", "Charles A. Bigelow -LRB- born July 29 , 1945 in Detroit , Michigan -RRB- is an American type historian , professor , and designer . Bigelow grew up in the Detroit suburbs and attended the Cranbrook School in Bloomfield Hills . He received a MacArthur Fellowship in 1982 , the Frederic W. Goudy Award in 1987 , Sloan Science and Film screenwriting awards in 2001 and 2002 , and other honors . Along with Kris Holmes , he is the co-creator of Lucida and Wingdings font families . He is a principal of the Bigelow and Holmes studio . Bigelow received a BA in anthropology in Reed College was a professor of digital typography at Stanford University from 1982 to 1995 . As president of the Committee on Letterform Research and Education of ATypI , he organized the first international seminar on digital type design : `` The Computer and the Hand in Type Design '' , at Stanford in 1983 . In mid-2006 , Bigelow was appointed to the Melbert B. Cary Distinguished Professorship at Rochester Institute of Technology . At RIT , he co-organized the 2010 international symposium on `` The Future of Reading '' and the 2012 `` Reading Digital '' symposium , in which type designers , publication designers , and vision scientists discussed the present and future of reading on digital devices . He retired from teaching at RIT in 2012 , and is currently Cary Scholar in Residence at the Cary Graphic Arts Collection of the RIT Wallace Center . ", "Veanne Cox -LRB- born January 19 , 1963 -RRB- is an American stage and screen actress and former ballet dancer . Cox was born in Norfolk , Virginia . She studied ballet at the Washington School of Ballet , acting at the Studio Theatre -LRB- Washington , D.C. -RRB- and voice at Catholic University . Her Broadway debut was in the Marvin Hamlisch musical Smile -LRB- 1986 -RRB- . She appeared in the Roundabout Theatre revival of Stephen Sondheim 's Company -LRB- 1995 -RRB- , as `` Amy '' , for which she received a Tony Award nomination , and both The Public Theater -LRB- 2003 -RRB- and the Broadway productions of Caroline , or Change -LRB- 2004 -RRB- as Rose . Cox appeared in the made-for-television movie Cinderella -LRB- 1997 -RRB- as one of the stepsisters , and later acted in Erin Brockovich as Theresa Dallavale . She has appeared in episodes of many television series , such as Boston Legal , CSI : Crime Scene Investigation , Seinfeld , and Judging Amy . She starred in the Guthrie Theatre production of Private Lives as Amanda in 2007 . ", "Julia Megan DeMato -LRB- born March 7 , 1979 in Brookfield , Connecticut -RRB- is an American professional cosmetologist and singer who made it to tenth place on the second season on the television show American Idol . ", "Lucius Cary , 2nd Viscount Falkland -LRB- c. 1610 -- 20 September 1643 -RRB- was an English author and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1640 to 1642 . He fought on the Royalist side in the English Civil War and was killed in action at the First Battle of Newbury . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 0, 0 ]

[ "Alfred_P._Murrah_Federal_Building", "Creek_National_Capitol", "Oklahoma_Natural_Gas_Company_Building", "Executive_Tower_-LRB-Washington,_D.C.-RRB-", "Enid_Symphony_Center" ]

[ "The Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building was a United States federal government complex located at 200 N.W. 5th Street in Downtown Oklahoma City , Oklahoma , United States . It was the target of the Oklahoma City bombing on April 19 , 1995 9:02 am , which killed 168 people , 19 of whom were children under the age of six . Half of the building collapsed seconds after the truck bomb detonated . The remains were imploded a month after the attack , and the Oklahoma City National Memorial was built on the site . ", "Creek National Capitol , also known as Creek Council House , is a building in downtown Okmulgee , Oklahoma . It was capitol of the Muscogee -LRB- Creek -RRB- Nation nation from 1878 to 1907 , when Oklahoma became a state . In 1919 the U.S. Department of the Interior sold the building to the city of Okmulgee . It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1961 . The building now houses the Creek Council House Museum , with artifacts and exhibits about the history of the Muscogee -LRB- Creek -RRB- people and Native American arts and crafts . Since 2006 the Muscogee -LRB- Creek -RRB- Nation had expressed an interest in buying back the building . In August 2010 the city of Okmulgee agreed to sell the building back to the tribe for $ 3.2 million ; the sale was completed and ownership transferred in November 2010 . ", "The Oklahoma Natural Gas Company Building is a historic building in Tulsa , Oklahoma , at 624 South Boston Ave. It was one of the first local Art Deco buildings built in the new Art Deco style , along with the Public Service of Oklahoma Building . This choice by the relatively conservative utility companies made the style acceptable in the city , with many Art Deco buildings built subsequently in Tulsa . The building was designed by Frank V. Kirshner and Arthur M. Atkinson . It was built of reinforced concrete , and clad in buff brick , except for the lower two stories , which are clad in limestone . The verticalness of the building is emphasized by piers rising the entire height of the facade with windows placed between the piers . This building was spared from demolition in 1982 , when ONEOK -LRB- the successor to ONG -RRB- abandoned its plan to replace the structure with a new high-rise headquarters building . Instead , ONEOK took over a high-rise then under construction by Citgo at Fifth Street and Boulder Avenue . The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on April 10 , 1984 , for architectural significance and as a representative of the tremendous growth Tulsa experienced during the 1920s . It is included in the Oil Capital Historic District as a contributing structure . ", "Executive Tower -LRB- Washington , D.C. -RRB- is a high-rise skyscraper building located in the United States capital of Washington , D.C. Its construction was completed in 2001 . It rises to 153 ft , featuring 12 floors . The architect of the building was Hellmuth , Obata & Kassabaum . ", "The Enid Symphony Center -LRB- also known as Enid Masonic Temple and the Knox Building -RRB- , is a historic building located in Enid , Oklahoma . It is the home of the Enid Symphony Orchestra , and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984 . The Italian Renaissance Revival building is also located within the Enid Downtown Historic District which became listed on the register in 2007 . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 1, 1 ]

[ "Alberto_Contador", "Alberto_Croce", "1923_Giro_d'Italia", "List_of_teams_and_cyclists_in_the_2002_Tour_de_France", "1955_Vuelta_a_España" ]

[ "Alberto Contador Velasco -LRB- -LSB- alˈβerto kontaˈðor βeˈlasko -RSB- ; born 6 December 1982 -RRB- is a Spanish professional cyclist , one of six riders to have won all three Grand Tours of road cycling . He was the winner of the 2007 Tour de France with the team . With the Astana team he has won the 2008 Giro d'Italia , the 2008 Vuelta a España and the 2009 Tour de France . He initially also won the 2010 Tour de France with this team , and the 2011 Giro d'Italia with team Saxo Bank-SunGard , only to be stripped of these titles later having been found guilty of a doping offence . Following his return from a suspension , he won the 2012 Vuelta a España , the 2014 Vuelta a España and the 2015 Giro d'Italia . Notable summit stage finishes on which he has victories include the Alto de El Angliru in the Vuelta , the Plateau de Beille in the Tour and Mount Etna in the Giro . After being widely expected to lose his tenuous lead in the 2007 Tour de France in that race 's final individual time trial , Contador has become a more accomplished time trialist , with several victories in the discipline . He has earned a reputation as an all-rounder , a cyclist who excels in all aspects of stage racing which are needed for high places in the general classification . Contador 's career has been marked by doping allegations . The Operación Puerto doping case led his team -LRB- a team restructured to the current Astana team -RRB- to withdraw en masse from the 2006 Tour de France before it began . He was eventually cleared of any wrongdoing . In September 2010 , Contador announced that he had tested positive for clenbuterol in a control taken during that year 's Tour de France , in which he finished as winner , but although he was suspended during an investigation , he was cleared by the RFEC . A review by the Court of Arbitration for Sport initially set for June 2011 was later deferred several times until February 2012 , when the CAS decided that Contador be stripped of the results obtained in the 2010 Tour de France and later , which also caused him to lose his 2011 Giro d'Italia victory . He was also suspended until 5 August 2012 , and his contract with was annulled . Upon the completion of his ban , Contador rejoined the renamed team . ", "Alberto Croce -LRB- born 5 May 1944 -RRB- is an Italian professional golfer who won twice on the European Seniors Tour . ", "The 1923 Giro d'Italia was the 11th edition of the Giro d'Italia , a cycling race organized and sponsored by the newspaper La Gazzetta dello Sport . The race began on 23 May in Milan with a stage that stretched 328 km to Turin , finishing back in Milan on 10 June after a 341.3 km stage and a total distance covered of 3202.7 km . The race was won by the Italian rider Costante Girardengo of the Maino team . Second and third respectively were the Italian riders Giovanni Brunero and Bartolomeo Aymo . This year saw the debutant Ottavio Bottecchia finish in 5th place overall , and the leading ` isolate ' -LRB- rider without a team -RRB- . Bottecchia caught the attention of French rider Henri Pélissier , who instigated his glorious Tour de France career . ", "For the 2002 Tour de France , the selection was done as follows : was selected because it included the winner -LRB- prior to disqualification -RRB- of the previous edition , Lance Armstrong . was selected because it included the winner of the 2001 UCI Road World Cup -LRB- Erik Dekker -RRB- . , and were selected because they won the team classifications in respectively the 2001 Giro d'Italia , 2001 Tour de France and 2001 Vuelta a España . This was extended to 16 teams based on the UCI ranking in the highest UCI division at the end of 2001 , after compensating for transfers . The teams selected in this way were : Five more teams were given wildcards by the organisation : After the wildcards were given , it was announced that Saeco 's main rider Gilberto Simoni had tested positive for cocaine on two occasions . In response , the wildcard for Saeco was withdrawn and given to . In total , 21 teams participated , each with 9 cyclists , for a total of 189 cyclists . ", "The 10th Vuelta a España -LRB- Tour of Spain -RRB- , a long-distance bicycle stage race and one of the 3 grand tours , was held from April 25 to May 8 , 1955 . It consisted of 15 stages covering a total of 2,740 km , and was won by Jean Dotto . Fiorenzo Magni won the points classification and Giuseppe Buratti won the mountains classification . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "The_Wonder_Years", "The_Wonderbox", "Wonders_of_a_Godless_World", "Fred_Savage", "Peter_Ibbetson" ]

[ "The Wonder Years is an American television comedy-drama created by Neal Marlens and Carol Black . It ran on ABC from 1988 until 1993 . The pilot aired on January 31 , 1988 , following ABC 's coverage of Super Bowl XXII . The show achieved a spot in the Nielsen Top 30 for four of its six seasons . TV Guide named the show one of the 20 best of the 1980s . After only six episodes aired , The Wonder Years won a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Comedy Series in 1988 . In addition , at age 13 , Fred Savage became the youngest actor ever nominated as Outstanding Lead Actor for a Comedy Series . The show was also awarded a Peabody Award in 1989 , for `` pushing the boundaries of the sitcom format and using new modes of storytelling . '' In total , the series won 22 awards and was nominated for 54 more . In 1997 , `` My Father 's Office '' was ranked # 29 on TV Guide 's 100 Greatest Episodes of All Time , and in the 2009 revised list the pilot episode was ranked # 43 . In 2016 , Rolling Stone ranked The Wonder Years # 63 on its list of 100 Greatest TV Shows of All Time . In 2017 , James Charisma of Paste ranked the show 's opening sequence # 14 on a list of The 75 Best TV Title Sequences of All Time . ", "The Wonderbox : Curious Histories of How to Live is a 2012 book by Roman Krznaric . It explores aspects of the human psyche , and makes the case for people to empathise more with each other . The book uses broad range of historical examples . ", "Wonders of a Godless World is a 2009 novel by Andrew McGahan . Described as `` a kind of modern fable '' that `` verges on fantasy '' , it won the 2009 Aurealis Award for best science fiction novel . It follows the story of an orphan girl who is working in the wards of the insane and incapable , but the inhabitants are thrown into turmoil after a series of strange murders following the arrival of a new patient . ", "Frederick Aaron `` Fred '' Savage -LRB- born July 9 , 1976 -RRB- is an American actor , director , and producer . He is best known for his role as Kevin Arnold in the American television series The Wonder Years , which ran from 1988 to 1993 . He has earned several awards and nominations , such as People 's Choice Awards and Young Artist Awards . ", "Peter Ibbetson is an American black-and-white drama film released in 1935 and directed by Henry Hathaway . The picture is based on a novel by George du Maurier , first published in 1891 . In 1917 , du Maurier 's story was adapted into a very successful Broadway play starring John Barrymore , Lionel Barrymore , Constance Collier and Laura Hope Crews . The story had also been filmed in 1921 , as a silent film called Forever -LRB- 1921 -RRB- , directed by George Fitzmaurice and starring the popular Wallace Reid . In the years that followed , a Ford Theater television Peter Ibbetson -LRB- 1951 -RRB- starring Richard Greene , and a Campbell Playhouse radio Peter Ibbetson -LRB- 1951 -RRB- directed by and starring Orson Welles were produced . This tale of a love that transcends all obstacles relates the story of two young lovers who are separated in childhood and then drawn together by destiny years later . Even though they are separated in real life because Peter is unjustly convicted of murder -LRB- it was actually self-defense -RRB- , they discover they can dream themselves into each other 's consciousness while asleep . In this way , they live out their life together . The transitions between reality and fantasy are captured by the cinematography of Charles Lang , as discussed in the documentary Visions of Light -LRB- 1992 -RRB- . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 1, 2 ]

[ "Sidney_Parkinson", "Parkinson's_disease", "Fred_Parkinson", "Fight_of_the_Century_-LRB-disambiguation-RRB-", "Jordan_Watson" ]

[ "Sidney `` Sid '' F. Parkinson born in Wakefield , is an English amateur and professional middleweight boxer of the 1950s , and '60s . ", "Parkinson 's disease -LRB- PD -RRB- is a long-term degenerative disorder of the central nervous system that mainly affects the motor system . The symptoms generally come on slowly over time . Early in the disease , the most obvious are shaking , rigidity , slowness of movement , and difficulty with walking . Thinking and behavioral problems may also occur . Dementia becomes common in the advanced stages of the disease . Depression and anxiety are also common occurring in more than a third of people with PD . Other symptoms include sensory , sleep , and emotional problems . The main motor symptoms are collectively called `` parkinsonism '' , or a `` parkinsonian syndrome '' . The cause of Parkinson 's disease is generally unknown , but believed to involve both genetic and environmental factors . Those with a family member affected are more likely to get the disease themselves . There is also an increased risk in people exposed to certain pesticides and among those who have had prior head injuries while there is a reduced risk in tobacco smokers and those who drink coffee or tea . The motor symptoms of the disease result from the death of cells in the substantia nigra , a region of the midbrain . This results in not enough dopamine in these areas . The reason for this cell death is poorly understood , but involves the build-up of proteins into Lewy bodies in the neurons . Diagnosis of typical cases is mainly based on symptoms , with tests such as neuroimaging being used to rule out other diseases . There is no cure for Parkinson 's disease . Initial treatment is typically with the antiparkinson medication L-DOPA -LRB- levodopa -RRB- , with dopamine agonists being used once levodopa becomes less effective . As the disease progresses and neurons continue to be lost , these medications become less effective while at the same time they produce a complication marked by involuntary writhing movements . Diet and some forms of rehabilitation have shown some effectiveness at improving symptoms . Surgery to place microelectrodes for deep brain stimulation has been used to reduce motor symptoms in severe cases where drugs are ineffective . Evidence for treatments for the non-movement-related symptoms of PD , such as sleep disturbances and emotional problems , is less strong . In 2015 , PD affected 6.2 million people and resulted in about 117,400 deaths globally . Parkinson 's disease typically occurs in people over the age of 60 , of which about one percent are affected . Males are more often affected than females . When it is seen in people before the age of 50 , it is called young-onset PD . The average life expectancy following diagnosis is between 7 and 14 years . The disease is named after the English doctor James Parkinson , who published the first detailed description in An Essay on the Shaking Palsy , in 1817 . Public awareness campaigns include World Parkinson 's Day -LRB- on the birthday of James Parkinson , 11 April -RRB- and the use of a red tulip as the symbol of the disease . People with parkinsonism who have increased the public 's awareness of the condition include actor Michael J. Fox , Olympic cyclist Davis Phinney , and late professional boxer Muhammad Ali . ", "George Joshua Francis `` Fred '' Parkinson -LRB- 27 January 1884 -- 22 October 1913 -RRB- was an Australian rules footballer who played with Essendon and Collingwood in the Victorian Football League -LRB- VFL -RRB- . Parkinson , a follower , came to the league from South Bendigo and debuted in the 1907 VFL season , at the age of 23 . He played 15 games that year . In 1908 , Parkinson made 18 appearances , including Essendon 's semi-final win over Collingwood , but was n't selected for the grand final . His best performance that season came in round 16 when he played up forward and kicked seven goals against Melbourne at East Melbourne . He was a regular in the Essendon team again in 1909 , with 15 games , then only played five games in 1910 , but did make another semi-final appearance , for the third year in a row . In 1912 he transferred to Collingwood , where he played five senior games . Off the field , Parkinson was a railways worker , initially at Bendigo railway station before he moved to Melbourne . On 21 October 1913 , Parkinson was alighting from a train at South Yarra station , on his way home from work , when his leg slipped in between the train and platform . The train was already in motion and Parkinson received severe leg injuries . He died from shock the following day , at The Alfred Hospital . ", "Fight of the Century usually refers to the 1971 boxing match between Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier . Fight of the Century may also refer to : the 1910 boxing match between James Jeffries and Jack Johnson the 1921 boxing match between Georges Carpentier and Jack Dempsey the 1938 boxing match between Joe Louis and Max Schmeling the 2015 boxing match between Floyd Mayweather Jr. and Manny Pacquiao ", "Jordan Watson -LRB- born 4 December 1987 -RRB- is an English Muay Thai kickboxer who competes in the middleweight division . A powerful kicker , Watson began training in Muay Thai at six years old with Richard Smith at Bad Company , Leeds , UK and first came to prominence when he reached the final of the K-1 UK MAX Tournament 2007 Pain & Glory at nineteen . He won the ISKA World Super Welterweight Muay Thai Championship in 2010 and then found further recognition the following year by finishing as runner-up on The Challenger Muay Thai reality television show . He began fighting for Glory in 2012 . He is the first ever and current yokkao -70 kg champion . " ]

[ 0, 2, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Kajol", "Kitana_Kiki_Rodriguez", "Kenza_Braiga", "Gudiya,_Kargil_war_victim", "Kareena_Kapoor" ]

[ "Kajol -LRB- born Kajol Mukherjee ; 5 August 1974 -RRB- , is an Indian film actress , who predominantly works in Hindi cinema . Born into the Mukherjee-Samarth family , she is the daughter of actress Tanuja Samarth and late filmmaker Shomu Mukherjee . Regarded as one of India 's most successful and highest-paid actresses , Kajol is the recipient of numerous accolades , including six Filmfare Awards , among twelve nominations . Along with her late aunt Nutan , she holds the record for most Best Actress wins at Filmfare , with five . In 2011 , the Government of India awarded her with the Padma Shri , the fourth highest civilian honour of the country . After making her acting debut in the 1992 romance Bekhudi , with her mother Kajol had her first commercial success with the 1993 thriller Baazigar . She rose to prominence by featuring as the female lead in four of India 's annually top-grossing romances -- Yeh Dillagi -LRB- 1994 -RRB- , Pyaar Kiya To Darna Kya -LRB- 1998 -RRB- , Pyaar To Hona Hi Tha -LRB- 1998 -RRB- and Hum Aapke Dil Mein Rehte Hain -LRB- 1999 -RRB- -- and received wide critical recognition for playing against type in the 1997 mystery film Gupt : The Hidden Truth , that earned her a Filmfare Award for Best Villain , and the 1998 psychological thriller Dushman . Her acclaimed portrayal of a conservative NRI in the blockbuster romance Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge -LRB- 1995 -RRB- , a tomboy in the blockbuster romance Kuch Kuch Hota Hai -LRB- 1998 -RRB- , a lower middle class Punjabi woman in the blockbuster melodrama Kabhi Khushi Kabhie Gham ... -LRB- 2001 -RRB- , a blind Kashmiri woman in the romantic thriller Fanaa -LRB- 2006 -RRB- and a divorced , single mother in the drama My Name Is Khan -LRB- 2010 -RRB- garnered her five Filmfare Awards for Best Actress . Following a five-year sabbatical from full-time acting in 2001 , Kajol received praise for portraying the lead female roles in the dramas U Me Aur Hum -LRB- 2008 -RRB- and We Are Family -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , and the comedy Dilwale -LRB- 2015 -RRB- . In addition to acting in films , Kajol is a social activist and is noted for her work with widows and children , for which she received the Karmaveer Puraskaar in 2008 . She has featured as a talent judge for Zee TV 's reality show Rock-N-Roll Family and holds a managerial position at Devgn Entertainment and Software Ltd. . Kajol has been married to actor Ajay Devgan since 1999 , with whom she has two children . ", "Kitana Kiki Rodriguez is an American transgender actress . She was once a sex worker . She is best known for her role as Sin-Dee Rella in Sean Baker 's 2015 film Tangerine . The first Academy Award campaigns for openly transgender actresses supported by a film producer were launched for Rodriguez and Mya Taylor for Tangerine . ", "Manal Braiga better known as Kenza Braiga -LRB- born November 13 , 1976 in Baghdad , Iraq -RRB- is a French television contestant , actress and author of Iraqi origin , she is simply known as Kenza Braiga . She and her family left Iraq during the Gulf War , in February 1991 , when she was only 14 . She is author of `` Un jour j' ai quitté Bagdad '' , which is about her escape from Iraq , it was released in April 2003 . She was made known in France by appearing on reality television show Loft Story . She starred as a host in French television series Boudoir , Le . She currently lives in Paris . ", "Gudiya is the name of an Indian Muslim woman who was tragically affected by the Kargil war and whose plight was prominently highlighted by the print and electronic media . She was married to Arif in 1999 , 10 days before the sapper was called on duty to Kargil . Arif failed to return from the war and was declared an army deserter until the authorities realised that he had been taken prisoner of war and was in Pakistan . In the meanwhile , the 26-year-old woman , thinking Arif had died , had been remarried by her relatives to another man , Taufiq in 2003 , and was pregnant with his child . A twist in Gudiya 's life surfaced when the Pakistanis finally released Arif and he returned home to a warm welcome . Gudiya was then living with her parents in Kalunda village on the outskirts of Delhi . Gudiya then moved to Mundali village in Meerut district of Uttar Pradesh -- about 75 km from Delhi at her inlaws house . She told the media assembled at the Village Panchayat that she wanted go with her first husband . The Islamic scholars present in the audience at that point of time applauded her decision , proclaiming it to be in accordance with the Shariat . The second marriage , they claimed , was illegal . However , an investigation by Rediff revealed that Gudiya reverted to her first husband Arif under pressure from him , his family members , the villagers and most importantly , the religious leaders . In fact , Gudiya herself asserted dominant pressure in her decision by saying `` It was everybody 's decision '' . The entire process of Gudiya favouring her first husband over the second husband Taufeeq was done without informing the latter . Also , Gudiya 's uncle Riyasat Ali said , `` She was pressured by the people there . She was not allowed to speak . The clerics told her that she had to follow the Shariat and go to Arif . They said her son would become illegitimate if she did not . Taufeeq , on the other hand , said Gudiya had spoken to him on telephone five days before this incident . She had explained to him the pressure she was being under . Her father had even threatened to commit suicide if she did not go back to Arif . Arif , who had proclaimed that it was his love for Gudiya which brought him back , declared he was ready to take his wife back but not the step-child . ", "Kareena Kapoor -LRB- -LSB- kəˈriːnaː kəˈpuːr -RSB- ; born 21 September 1980 -RRB- , also known by her married name Kareena Kapoor Khan , is an Indian actress who appears in Hindi films . She is the daughter of actors Randhir Kapoor and Babita , and the younger sister of actress Karisma Kapoor . Noted for playing a variety of characters in a range of film genres -- from romantic comedies to crime dramas -- Kapoor is the recipient of several awards , including six Filmfare Awards , and is one of Bollywood 's most popular and highest-paid actresses . After making her acting debut in the 2000 war film Refugee , Kapoor established herself in Hindi cinema with roles in the historical drama Aśoka , and the blockbuster melodrama Kabhi Khushi Kabhie Gham ... -LRB- both 2001 -RRB- . This initial success was followed by a series of commercial failures and repetitive roles , which garnered her negative reviews . The year 2004 marked a turning point for Kapoor when she played against type in the role of a sex worker in the drama Chameli . She subsequently earned wide critical recognition for her portrayal of a riot victim in the 2004 drama Dev and a character based on William Shakespeare 's heroine Desdemona in the 2006 crime film Omkara . She went on to receive Filmfare Awards for Best Actress and Best Supporting Actress for her performances in the 2007 romantic comedy Jab We Met and the 2010 drama We Are Family , respectively . Kapoor achieved further success by featuring as the female lead in two of India 's top-grossing productions -- the 2009 comedy-drama 3 Idiots and the 2015 social drama Bajrangi Bhaijaan -- and received praise for her roles in the 2009 thriller Kurbaan and the 2012 drama Heroine . Married to actor Saif Ali Khan , with whom she has a son , Kapoor 's off-screen life is the subject of widespread coverage in India . She has a reputation for being outspoken and assertive , and is recognised for her contributions to the film industry through her fashion style and film roles . In addition to film acting , Kapoor is a stage performer and has contributed as a co-author to three books : an autobiographical memoir and two nutrition guides . She has also launched her own clothing line in association with the retail chain Globus . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Andrea_Pirlo", "Andrea_Bianchimano", "Giancarlo_Marocchi", "Andrea_Arrighini", "Andrea_Viviano" ]

[ "Andrea Pirlo , Ufficiale OMRI -LRB- born 19 May 1979 -RRB- is an Italian professional footballer who plays for American club New York City FC and the Italy national team . Pirlo is usually deployed as a deep-lying playmaker in midfield for both his club and national sides , and he is widely regarded as one of the greatest ever exponents of this position , due to his vision , ball control , creativity and passing ability ; he is also a free-kick specialist . Pirlo began his club career as an attacking midfielder with his home-town side Brescia , where he later helped the team to win the Serie B title and obtain Serie A promotion in 1997 . His promising performances led to a move to Internazionale in 1998 , but he struggled to gain playing time at his new club , due to his lack of pace , as well as heavy competition with other players in his position , and was subsequently sent on loan in 1999 . Despite successful spells with Reggina , and Brescia once again , Pirlo was still unable to break into Inter 's starting line-up , and was sold to cross-city rivals Milan in 2001 . At Milan , manager Carlo Ancelotti decided to shift Pirlo in front of the defence as a deep-lying playmaker , which allowed him more time on the ball to orchestrate his team 's attacks . Pirlo excelled in his new role , and soon developed into a world-class midfielder , playing a key role in Milan 's subsequent successes , as he won two UEFA Champions Leagues -LRB- 2003 and 2007 -RRB- , two UEFA Super Cups -LRB- 2003 and 2007 -RRB- , two Serie A titles -LRB- 2004 and 2011 -RRB- , a FIFA Club World Cup -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , a Supercoppa Italiana -LRB- 2004 -RRB- , and a Coppa Italia -LRB- 2003 -RRB- with the club . After joining Juventus on a free transfer in 2011 , who had gone trophyless since 2003 , he added four more Serie A titles -LRB- 2012 , 2013 , 2014 , and 2015 -RRB- , which he won consecutively , as well as two Supercoppa Italiana titles -LRB- 2012 and 2013 -RRB- , and a Coppa Italia -LRB- 2015 -RRB- . After playing in Italy for over 20 seasons , Pirlo joined MLS expansion side New York City FC in 2015 , helping the team to reach the playoffs in his second season . At international level , Pirlo is the fourth-most capped player in the history of the Italian national team with 116 caps . He has played for the Italian youth teams at U15 , U18 and U21 level , captaining and leading the latter to victory in the 2000 UEFA European Under-21 Championship as the Golden Player and Top Scorer of the tournament . He joined the Italian senior side in September 2002 and captained the Olympic team to a bronze medal in the 2004 Olympics . Later , he was instrumental in their victory in the 2006 FIFA World Cup . He was named Man of the Match three times , including the final , more than any other player in the tournament , and ultimately won the Bronze Ball -LRB- awarded to the third best player of the tournament -RRB- also being elected to the Team of the Tournament . He was also elected as part of the UEFA Euro 2012 Team of the Tournament , after leading Italy to the final , winning three Man of the Match awards in the process , the most of any player along with Andrés Iniesta . He has also represented the Italian senior side at the 2004 and 2008 UEFA European Championships , the 2010 and 2014 FIFA World Cups , and the 2009 and 2013 FIFA Confederations Cups , finishing third in the latter edition in Brazil , where he was also elected to the Team of the Tournament . Pirlo came in third , second , fourth , and third twice more in the IFFHS World Playmaker of the Year awards in 2006 , 2007 , 2012 , 2013 , and 2015 , respectively . He placed fourth in the 2012 UEFA Best Player in Europe Award , and seventh in the 2015 edition . He placed 7th in the 2007 FIFA World Player , 5th in the 2007 Ballon d'Or and 7th in the 2012 FIFA Ballon d'Or award . He was also named as part of the 2006 FIFPro World XI and the 2012 UEFA Team of the Year . In 2012 , 2013 , and 2014 , Pirlo was also elected as Serie A Footballer of the Year , and was also named as part of the Serie A team of the Year . After helping Juventus to the 2015 UEFA Champions League Final , he was named to the squad of the season . In 2012 , Pirlo was named the eighth best footballer in the World by The Guardian , and in 2013 , Bloomberg ranked him the fifth best player in Europe . In 2015 , France Football rated him as one of the 10 best footballers in the world who are over the age of 36 . ", "Andrea Bianchimano -LRB- born 25 December 1996 -RRB- is an Italian professional football striker who plays for Reggina , on loan from Milan . ", "Giancarlo Marocchi -LRB- born 4 July 1965 in Imola -RRB- is a former Italian footballer , who played as a central midfielder . Throughout his club career , he played for Juventus , the club with which he won a Scudetto , two Coppe Italia , one UEFA Champions League , and two UEFA Cups ; he also played for his home-town club Bologna , on two separate occasions . At international level , he represented Italy at the 1990 FIFA World Cup , where they finished in third place on home soil . ", "Andrea Arrighini -LRB- born 6 June 1990 -RRB- is an Italian footballer who plays for Cittadella , on loan from Avellino . ", "Andrea Viviano was an Italian footballer who played as a forward . He competed in the 1928 Summer Olympics with the Italy national football team . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 0 ]

[ "Jimi_Hendrix", "The_Cry_of_Love_Tour", "Elizabeth_Jimie", "Jimi_Tenor", "Pedro_Eustache" ]

[ "James Marshall `` Jimi '' Hendrix -LRB- born Johnny Allen Hendrix ; November 27 , 1942 -- September 18 , 1970 -RRB- was an American rock guitarist , singer , and songwriter . Although his mainstream career spanned only four years , he is widely regarded as one of the most influential electric guitarists in the history of popular music , and one of the most celebrated musicians of the 20th century . The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame describes him as `` arguably the greatest instrumentalist in the history of rock music '' . Born in Seattle , Washington , Hendrix began playing guitar at the age of 15 . In 1961 , he enlisted in the U.S. Army and trained as a paratrooper in the 101st Airborne Division ; he was granted an honorable discharge the following year . Soon afterward , he moved to Clarksville , Tennessee , and began playing gigs on the Chitlin ' Circuit , earning a place in the Isley Brothers ' backing band and later with Little Richard , with whom he continued to work through mid-1965 . He then played with Curtis Knight and the Squires before moving to England in late 1966 after being discovered by Linda Keith , who in turn interested bassist Chas Chandler of the Animals in becoming his first manager . Within months , Hendrix had earned three UK top ten hits with the Jimi Hendrix Experience : `` Hey Joe '' , `` Purple Haze '' , and `` The Wind Cries Mary '' . He achieved fame in the U.S. after his performance at the Monterey Pop Festival in 1967 , and in 1968 his third and final studio album , Electric Ladyland , reached number one in the U.S. ; it was Hendrix 's most commercially successful release and his first and only number one album . The world 's highest-paid performer , he headlined the Woodstock Festival in 1969 and the Isle of Wight Festival in 1970 before his accidental death from barbiturate-related asphyxia on September 18 , 1970 , at the age of 27 . Hendrix was inspired musically by American rock and roll and electric blues . He favored overdriven amplifiers with high volume and gain , and was instrumental in utilizing the previously undesirable sounds caused by guitar amplifier feedback . He helped to popularize the use of a wah-wah pedal in mainstream rock , and was the first artist to use stereophonic phasing effects in music recordings . Holly George-Warren of Rolling Stone commented : `` Hendrix pioneered the use of the instrument as an electronic sound source . Players before him had experimented with feedback and distortion , but Hendrix turned those effects and others into a controlled , fluid vocabulary every bit as personal as the blues with which he began . '' Hendrix was the recipient of several music awards during his lifetime and posthumously . In 1967 , readers of Melody Maker voted him the Pop Musician of the Year , and in 1968 , Rolling Stone declared him the Performer of the Year . Disc and Music Echo honored him with the World Top Musician of 1969 and in 1970 , Guitar Player named him the Rock Guitarist of the Year . The Jimi Hendrix Experience was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1992 and the UK Music Hall of Fame in 2005 . Rolling Stone ranked the band 's three studio albums , Are You Experienced , Axis : Bold as Love , and Electric Ladyland , among the 100 greatest albums of all time , and they ranked Hendrix as the greatest guitarist and the sixth greatest artist of all time . ", "The Cry of Love Tour was a concert tour by American rock singer-songwriter and guitarist Jimi Hendrix , which ran from April 25 to September 6 , 1970 , in the United States and Europe . The tour turned out to be the last on which Hendrix performed before his death in September , and featured many songs that he was working on for his double album First Rays of the New Rising Sun . Though the band did not feature original bassist Noel Redding , the trio of Hendrix , Mitch Mitchell -LRB- drums -RRB- and Billy Cox -LRB- bass -RRB- was often billed as `` The Jimi Hendrix Experience '' . ", "Elizabeth Jimie -LRB- born 28 June 1992 in Kuching , Sarawak -RRB- is a Malaysian diver , who specialised in individual and synchronised springboard events . She won the gold medal , along with her partner Leong Mun Yee , in the women 's 3 m synchronised springboard event , and added the bronze for the 1 m springboard at the 2007 Southeast Asian Games in Bangkok , Thailand . She is also a two-time bronze medalist at the 2006 Asian Games in Doha , Qatar . Jimie qualified for the women 's 3 m individual springboard event at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing , after finishing fifth in the Olympic test event . She finished twenty-first in the preliminary rounds of the competition , with a score of 253.50 points , tying a position with her diving partner Leung Mun Yee . ", "Jimi Tenor -LRB- born Lassi O. T. Lehto , 1965 in Lahti , Finland -RRB- is a Finnish musician . His artist name is a combination of the first name of his youth idol Jimmy Osmond and the tenor saxophone . His band Jimi Tenor & His Shamans released its first album in 1988 , whilst Tenor 's first solo album appeared in 1994 . `` Take Me Baby '' became his first hit in 1994 . He has released albums on Sähkö Recordings , Warp Records and Kitty-Yo record labels . Tenor has performed several times with the avant-garde big band Flat Earth Society . In 2009 , he contributed a cover of an Elektroids song to the Warp20 -LRB- Recreated -RRB- compilation album , as well as having his song `` Paint the Stars '' covered by Hudson Mohawke . ", "Pedro Eustache -LRB- Caracas born August 18 , 1959 -RRB- , is a flautist , reeds , world woodwinds , wind synthesist , composer and lecturer with extensive academic studies and more than 40 years of professional experience . He has more than seven years of symphonic experience and a collection of around 600 instruments from all over the world , many of which having been designed , built and , or modified by himself . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Temple_Mount", "Temple_in_Jerusalem", "Aathara_Stalam", "Beijing_Dongyue_Temple", "Dome_of_the_Rock" ]

[ "The Temple Mount -LRB- הַר הַבַּיִת , Har HaBáyit , `` Mount of the House -LSB- of God , i.e. the Temple -RSB- '' -RRB- , known to Muslims as the Haram esh-Sharif -LRB- الحرم الشريف , al-Ḥaram al-Šarīf , `` the Noble Sanctuary '' , or الحرم القدسي الشريف , al-Ḥaram al-Qudsī al-Šarīf , `` the Noble Sanctuary of Jerusalem '' -RRB- , a hill located in the Old City of Jerusalem , is one of the most important religious sites in the world . It has been venerated as a holy site for thousands of years by Judaism , Christianity , and Islam . The present site is dominated by three monumental structures from the early Umayyad period : the al-Aqsa Mosque , the Dome of the Rock and the Dome of the Chain , as well as four minarets . Herodian walls and gates with additions dating back to the late Byzantine and early Islamic periods cut through the flanks of the Mount . Currently it can be reached through eleven gates , ten reserved for Muslims and one for non-Muslims , with guard posts of Israeli police in the vicinity of each . The Temple Mount is the holiest site in Judaism , which regards it as the place where God 's divine presence is manifested more than in any other place . According to the rabbinic sages whose debates produced the Talmud , it was from here the world expanded into its present form and where God gathered the dust used to create the first human , Adam . Since at least the first century CE , the site has been associated in Judaism with Mount Moriah -LRB- הַר הַמוריה , Har HaMōriyā -RRB- ; Mount Moriah is the name given by the Hebrew Bible to the location of Abraham 's binding of Isaac , this identification being perpetuated by Jewish and Christian tradition . Several passages in the Hebrew Bible indicate that during the time when they were written , the Temple Mount was identified as Mount Zion . The Mount Zion mentioned in the later parts of the Book of Isaiah , in the Book of Psalms , and the First Book of Maccabees -LRB- c. 2nd century BCE -RRB- seems to refer to the top of the hill , generally known as the Temple Mount . According to the Book of Samuel , Mount Zion was the site of the Jebusite fortress called the `` stronghold of Zion '' , but once the First Temple was erected , according to the Bible , at the top of the Eastern Hill -LRB- `` Temple Mount '' -RRB- , the name `` Mount Zion '' migrated there too . The name later migrated for a last time , this time to Jerusalem 's Western Hill . According to the Bible , both Jewish Temples stood at the Temple Mount , though archaeological evidence only exists for the Second Temple . However , the identification of Solomon 's Temple with the area of the Temple Mount is widespread . According to the Bible the site should function as the center of all national life -- a governmental , judicial and religious center . During the Second Temple period it functioned also as an economic center . According to Jewish tradition and scripture , the First Temple was built by King Solomon the son of King David in 957 BCE and destroyed by the Babylonians in 586 BCE . The second was constructed under the auspices of Zerubbabel in 516 BCE and destroyed by the Roman Empire in 70 CE . In the 2nd century , the site was used for a temple to Jupiter Capitolinus . It was redeveloped following the Arab conquest . Jewish tradition maintains it is here a Third and final Temple will also be built . The location is the holiest site in Judaism and is the place Jews turn towards during prayer . Due to its extreme sanctity , many Jews will not walk on the Mount itself , to avoid unintentionally entering the area where the Holy of Holies stood , since according to Rabbinical law , some aspect of the divine presence is still present at the site . It was from the Holy of Holies that the High Priest communicated directly with God . The Temple was of central importance in Jewish worship , in the Tanakh and the Christian Old Testament . In the New Testament it remains the site of several events in the life of Jesus , and Christian loyalty to it as a focal point remained long after his death . After the destruction of the Temple in 70 CE , which came to be regarded by early Christians , as it was by Josephus and the sages of the Jerusalem Talmud , to be a divine act of punishment for the sins of the Jewish people , the Temple Mount lost its significance for Christian worship with the Christians considering it a fulfillment of Christ 's prophecy at , for example , and . It was to this end , proof of a biblical prophecy fulfilled and of Christianity 's victory over Judaism with the New Covenant , that early Christian pilgrims also visited the site . Byzantine Christians , despite some signs of constructive work on the esplanade , generally neglected the Temple Mount , especially when a Jewish attempt to rebuild the Temple was destroyed by the earthquake in 363 . and it became a desolate local rubbish dump , perhaps outside the city limits , as Christian worship in Jerusalem shifted to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre , and Jerusalem 's centrality was replaced by Rome . Almost immediately after the Muslim conquest of Jerusalem in 638 CE , Caliph ` Omar ibn al Khatab , disgusted by the filth covering the site , had it thoroughly cleaned , and granted Jews access to the site . Among Sunni Muslims , the Mount is widely considered the third holiest site in Islam . Revered as the Noble Sanctuary , the location of Muhammad 's journey to Jerusalem and ascent to heaven , the site is also associated with Jewish biblical prophets who are also venerated in Islam . Muslims preferred to the esplanade as the heart for the Muslim quarter since it had been abandoned by Christians , to avoid disturbing the Christian quarters of Jerusalem . Umayyad Caliphs commissioned the construction of the al-Aqsa Mosque and Dome of the Rock on the site . The Dome was completed in 692 CE , making it one of the oldest extant Islamic structures in the world . The Al Aqsa Mosque rests on the far southern side of the Mount , facing Mecca . The Dome of the Rock currently sits in the middle , occupying or close to the area where the Holy Temple previously stood . In light of the dual claims of both Judaism and Islam , it is one of the most contested religious sites in the world . Since the Crusades , the Muslim community of Jerusalem has managed the site as a Waqf , without interruption . As the site is part of the Old City , controlled by Israel since 1967 , both Israel and the Palestinian Authority claim sovereignty over it , and it remains a major focal point of the Arab -- Israeli conflict . In an attempt to keep the status quo , the Israeli government enforces a controversial ban on prayer by non-Muslims . ", "The Temple in Jerusalem or Holy Temple -LRB- , Modern : Beit HaMikdash , Tiberian : Beiṯ HamMiqdāš , Ashkenazi : Beis HaMikdosh ; ቤተ መቅደስ : Betä Mäqdäs -RRB- was any of a series of structures which were located on the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem , the current site of the Dome of the Rock and Al-Aqsa Mosque . These successive temples stood at this location and functioned as a site of ancient Israelite and later Jewish worship . ", "Aathara Stalam indicates the places which are considered to be divine impersonations of Tantric chakras , associated with human anatomy . The Annamalaiyar temple is called the Manipooraga stalam , associated with `` Manipooraga '' , the human anatomical cause for spiritual ignorance , thirst , jealousy , treachery , shame , fear , disgust , delusion , foolishness and sadness . Five temples are located in Tamil Nadu , and one at Varanasi . -RCB- -RRB- | Brain directly behind eyebrow | Natarajar Temple | Chidambaram | | - | Visuthi -LRB- Sanskrit : विशुद्ध , Viśuddha -RRB- | Neck region near spine | Sri Kalahastheeswara Swami Temple | Kalahasthi | | - | Anahata -LRB- Sanskrit : अनाहत , Anāhata -RRB- | Central channel behind spine | Kashi Vishwanath Temple | Varanasi | | - | Manipooragam -LRB- Sanskrit : मणिपूर , -RRB- | Spine directly behind the navel | Arunachaleshwarar Temple | Thiruvannamalai | | - | Swathistanam -LRB- Sanskrit : स्वाधिष्ठान , Svādhiṣṭhāna -RRB- | One 's own abode | Thiruvanaikaval | Trichy | | - | Moolatharam -LRB- Sanskrit : मूलाधार , Mūlādhāra -RRB- | Basal end of the spinal column | Thyagaraja Swamy Temple | Tiruvarur | | -RCB- Category : Shiva temples ", "The Temple of the Eastern Peak in Beijing is a Taoist temple in the Chaowai area , Chaoyang District , Beijing , China . The temple is dedicated to the Great Deity of the Eastern Peak . `` Eastern Peak '' is the cosmological name of Mount Tai , the easternmost and holiest of the Five Sacred Mountains of China . Founded during the Yuan dynasty , the Eastern Peak Temple is the largest temple of Zhengyi Taoism in Beijing and protected as a national cultural spot . The temple also hosts the Beijing Folk Customs Museum . ", "The Dome of the Rock -LRB- -LSB- قبة الصخرة , links = no -RSB- Qubbat al-Sakhrah , -LSB- כיפת הסלע , links = no -RSB- Kippat ha-Sela -RRB- is an Islamic shrine located on the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem . It was initially completed in 691 CE at the order of Umayyad Caliph Abd al-Malik during the Second Fitna , built on the site of the Roman temple of Jupiter Capitolinus , which had in turn been built on the site of Herod 's Temple , destroyed during the Roman Siege of Jerusalem in 70 CE . The original dome collapsed in 1015 and was rebuilt in 1022 -- 23 . The Dome of the Rock is in its core one of the oldest extant works of Islamic architecture . Its architecture and mosaics were patterned after nearby Byzantine churches and palaces , although its outside appearance has been significantly changed in the Ottoman period and again in the modern period , notably with the addition of the gold-plated roof , in 1959 -- 61 and again in 1993 . The octagonal plan of the structure may also have been influenced by the Byzantine Church of the Seat of Mary -LRB- also known as Kathisma in Greek and al-Qadismu in Arabic -RRB- built between 451 and 458 on the road between Jerusalem and Bethlehem . The site 's great significance for Muslims derives from traditions connecting it to the creation of the world and to the belief that the Prophet Muhammad 's Night Journey to heaven started from the rock at the center of the structure . The rock also bears great significance for Jews as the site of Abraham 's attempted sacrifice of his son . It has been called `` Jerusalem 's most recognizable landmark , '' and it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site , along with two nearby Temple Mount structures , the Western Wall , and the `` Resurrection Rotunda '' in the nearby Church of the Holy Sepulchre . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "Temple_Mount", "Temple_in_Jerusalem", "Aathara_Stalam", "Beijing_Dongyue_Temple", "Dome_of_the_Rock" ]

[ "The Temple Mount -LRB- הַר הַבַּיִת , Har HaBáyit , `` Mount of the House -LSB- of God , i.e. the Temple -RSB- '' -RRB- , known to Muslims as the Haram esh-Sharif -LRB- الحرم الشريف , al-Ḥaram al-Šarīf , `` the Noble Sanctuary '' , or الحرم القدسي الشريف , al-Ḥaram al-Qudsī al-Šarīf , `` the Noble Sanctuary of Jerusalem '' -RRB- , a hill located in the Old City of Jerusalem , is one of the most important religious sites in the world . It has been venerated as a holy site for thousands of years by Judaism , Christianity , and Islam . The present site is dominated by three monumental structures from the early Umayyad period : the al-Aqsa Mosque , the Dome of the Rock and the Dome of the Chain , as well as four minarets . Herodian walls and gates with additions dating back to the late Byzantine and early Islamic periods cut through the flanks of the Mount . Currently it can be reached through eleven gates , ten reserved for Muslims and one for non-Muslims , with guard posts of Israeli police in the vicinity of each . The Temple Mount is the holiest site in Judaism , which regards it as the place where God 's divine presence is manifested more than in any other place . According to the rabbinic sages whose debates produced the Talmud , it was from here the world expanded into its present form and where God gathered the dust used to create the first human , Adam . Since at least the first century CE , the site has been associated in Judaism with Mount Moriah -LRB- הַר הַמוריה , Har HaMōriyā -RRB- ; Mount Moriah is the name given by the Hebrew Bible to the location of Abraham 's binding of Isaac , this identification being perpetuated by Jewish and Christian tradition . Several passages in the Hebrew Bible indicate that during the time when they were written , the Temple Mount was identified as Mount Zion . The Mount Zion mentioned in the later parts of the Book of Isaiah , in the Book of Psalms , and the First Book of Maccabees -LRB- c. 2nd century BCE -RRB- seems to refer to the top of the hill , generally known as the Temple Mount . According to the Book of Samuel , Mount Zion was the site of the Jebusite fortress called the `` stronghold of Zion '' , but once the First Temple was erected , according to the Bible , at the top of the Eastern Hill -LRB- `` Temple Mount '' -RRB- , the name `` Mount Zion '' migrated there too . The name later migrated for a last time , this time to Jerusalem 's Western Hill . According to the Bible , both Jewish Temples stood at the Temple Mount , though archaeological evidence only exists for the Second Temple . However , the identification of Solomon 's Temple with the area of the Temple Mount is widespread . According to the Bible the site should function as the center of all national life -- a governmental , judicial and religious center . During the Second Temple period it functioned also as an economic center . According to Jewish tradition and scripture , the First Temple was built by King Solomon the son of King David in 957 BCE and destroyed by the Babylonians in 586 BCE . The second was constructed under the auspices of Zerubbabel in 516 BCE and destroyed by the Roman Empire in 70 CE . In the 2nd century , the site was used for a temple to Jupiter Capitolinus . It was redeveloped following the Arab conquest . Jewish tradition maintains it is here a Third and final Temple will also be built . The location is the holiest site in Judaism and is the place Jews turn towards during prayer . Due to its extreme sanctity , many Jews will not walk on the Mount itself , to avoid unintentionally entering the area where the Holy of Holies stood , since according to Rabbinical law , some aspect of the divine presence is still present at the site . It was from the Holy of Holies that the High Priest communicated directly with God . The Temple was of central importance in Jewish worship , in the Tanakh and the Christian Old Testament . In the New Testament it remains the site of several events in the life of Jesus , and Christian loyalty to it as a focal point remained long after his death . After the destruction of the Temple in 70 CE , which came to be regarded by early Christians , as it was by Josephus and the sages of the Jerusalem Talmud , to be a divine act of punishment for the sins of the Jewish people , the Temple Mount lost its significance for Christian worship with the Christians considering it a fulfillment of Christ 's prophecy at , for example , and . It was to this end , proof of a biblical prophecy fulfilled and of Christianity 's victory over Judaism with the New Covenant , that early Christian pilgrims also visited the site . Byzantine Christians , despite some signs of constructive work on the esplanade , generally neglected the Temple Mount , especially when a Jewish attempt to rebuild the Temple was destroyed by the earthquake in 363 . and it became a desolate local rubbish dump , perhaps outside the city limits , as Christian worship in Jerusalem shifted to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre , and Jerusalem 's centrality was replaced by Rome . Almost immediately after the Muslim conquest of Jerusalem in 638 CE , Caliph ` Omar ibn al Khatab , disgusted by the filth covering the site , had it thoroughly cleaned , and granted Jews access to the site . Among Sunni Muslims , the Mount is widely considered the third holiest site in Islam . Revered as the Noble Sanctuary , the location of Muhammad 's journey to Jerusalem and ascent to heaven , the site is also associated with Jewish biblical prophets who are also venerated in Islam . Muslims preferred to the esplanade as the heart for the Muslim quarter since it had been abandoned by Christians , to avoid disturbing the Christian quarters of Jerusalem . Umayyad Caliphs commissioned the construction of the al-Aqsa Mosque and Dome of the Rock on the site . The Dome was completed in 692 CE , making it one of the oldest extant Islamic structures in the world . The Al Aqsa Mosque rests on the far southern side of the Mount , facing Mecca . The Dome of the Rock currently sits in the middle , occupying or close to the area where the Holy Temple previously stood . In light of the dual claims of both Judaism and Islam , it is one of the most contested religious sites in the world . Since the Crusades , the Muslim community of Jerusalem has managed the site as a Waqf , without interruption . As the site is part of the Old City , controlled by Israel since 1967 , both Israel and the Palestinian Authority claim sovereignty over it , and it remains a major focal point of the Arab -- Israeli conflict . In an attempt to keep the status quo , the Israeli government enforces a controversial ban on prayer by non-Muslims . ", "The Temple in Jerusalem or Holy Temple -LRB- , Modern : Beit HaMikdash , Tiberian : Beiṯ HamMiqdāš , Ashkenazi : Beis HaMikdosh ; ቤተ መቅደስ : Betä Mäqdäs -RRB- was any of a series of structures which were located on the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem , the current site of the Dome of the Rock and Al-Aqsa Mosque . These successive temples stood at this location and functioned as a site of ancient Israelite and later Jewish worship . ", "Aathara Stalam indicates the places which are considered to be divine impersonations of Tantric chakras , associated with human anatomy . The Annamalaiyar temple is called the Manipooraga stalam , associated with `` Manipooraga '' , the human anatomical cause for spiritual ignorance , thirst , jealousy , treachery , shame , fear , disgust , delusion , foolishness and sadness . Five temples are located in Tamil Nadu , and one at Varanasi . -RCB- -RRB- | Brain directly behind eyebrow | Natarajar Temple | Chidambaram | | - | Visuthi -LRB- Sanskrit : विशुद्ध , Viśuddha -RRB- | Neck region near spine | Sri Kalahastheeswara Swami Temple | Kalahasthi | | - | Anahata -LRB- Sanskrit : अनाहत , Anāhata -RRB- | Central channel behind spine | Kashi Vishwanath Temple | Varanasi | | - | Manipooragam -LRB- Sanskrit : मणिपूर , -RRB- | Spine directly behind the navel | Arunachaleshwarar Temple | Thiruvannamalai | | - | Swathistanam -LRB- Sanskrit : स्वाधिष्ठान , Svādhiṣṭhāna -RRB- | One 's own abode | Thiruvanaikaval | Trichy | | - | Moolatharam -LRB- Sanskrit : मूलाधार , Mūlādhāra -RRB- | Basal end of the spinal column | Thyagaraja Swamy Temple | Tiruvarur | | -RCB- Category : Shiva temples ", "The Temple of the Eastern Peak in Beijing is a Taoist temple in the Chaowai area , Chaoyang District , Beijing , China . The temple is dedicated to the Great Deity of the Eastern Peak . `` Eastern Peak '' is the cosmological name of Mount Tai , the easternmost and holiest of the Five Sacred Mountains of China . Founded during the Yuan dynasty , the Eastern Peak Temple is the largest temple of Zhengyi Taoism in Beijing and protected as a national cultural spot . The temple also hosts the Beijing Folk Customs Museum . ", "The Dome of the Rock -LRB- -LSB- قبة الصخرة , links = no -RSB- Qubbat al-Sakhrah , -LSB- כיפת הסלע , links = no -RSB- Kippat ha-Sela -RRB- is an Islamic shrine located on the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem . It was initially completed in 691 CE at the order of Umayyad Caliph Abd al-Malik during the Second Fitna , built on the site of the Roman temple of Jupiter Capitolinus , which had in turn been built on the site of Herod 's Temple , destroyed during the Roman Siege of Jerusalem in 70 CE . The original dome collapsed in 1015 and was rebuilt in 1022 -- 23 . The Dome of the Rock is in its core one of the oldest extant works of Islamic architecture . Its architecture and mosaics were patterned after nearby Byzantine churches and palaces , although its outside appearance has been significantly changed in the Ottoman period and again in the modern period , notably with the addition of the gold-plated roof , in 1959 -- 61 and again in 1993 . The octagonal plan of the structure may also have been influenced by the Byzantine Church of the Seat of Mary -LRB- also known as Kathisma in Greek and al-Qadismu in Arabic -RRB- built between 451 and 458 on the road between Jerusalem and Bethlehem . The site 's great significance for Muslims derives from traditions connecting it to the creation of the world and to the belief that the Prophet Muhammad 's Night Journey to heaven started from the rock at the center of the structure . The rock also bears great significance for Jews as the site of Abraham 's attempted sacrifice of his son . It has been called `` Jerusalem 's most recognizable landmark , '' and it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site , along with two nearby Temple Mount structures , the Western Wall , and the `` Resurrection Rotunda '' in the nearby Church of the Holy Sepulchre . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "Temple_Mount", "Temple_in_Jerusalem", "Aathara_Stalam", "Beijing_Dongyue_Temple", "Dome_of_the_Rock" ]

[ "The Temple Mount -LRB- הַר הַבַּיִת , Har HaBáyit , `` Mount of the House -LSB- of God , i.e. the Temple -RSB- '' -RRB- , known to Muslims as the Haram esh-Sharif -LRB- الحرم الشريف , al-Ḥaram al-Šarīf , `` the Noble Sanctuary '' , or الحرم القدسي الشريف , al-Ḥaram al-Qudsī al-Šarīf , `` the Noble Sanctuary of Jerusalem '' -RRB- , a hill located in the Old City of Jerusalem , is one of the most important religious sites in the world . It has been venerated as a holy site for thousands of years by Judaism , Christianity , and Islam . The present site is dominated by three monumental structures from the early Umayyad period : the al-Aqsa Mosque , the Dome of the Rock and the Dome of the Chain , as well as four minarets . Herodian walls and gates with additions dating back to the late Byzantine and early Islamic periods cut through the flanks of the Mount . Currently it can be reached through eleven gates , ten reserved for Muslims and one for non-Muslims , with guard posts of Israeli police in the vicinity of each . The Temple Mount is the holiest site in Judaism , which regards it as the place where God 's divine presence is manifested more than in any other place . According to the rabbinic sages whose debates produced the Talmud , it was from here the world expanded into its present form and where God gathered the dust used to create the first human , Adam . Since at least the first century CE , the site has been associated in Judaism with Mount Moriah -LRB- הַר הַמוריה , Har HaMōriyā -RRB- ; Mount Moriah is the name given by the Hebrew Bible to the location of Abraham 's binding of Isaac , this identification being perpetuated by Jewish and Christian tradition . Several passages in the Hebrew Bible indicate that during the time when they were written , the Temple Mount was identified as Mount Zion . The Mount Zion mentioned in the later parts of the Book of Isaiah , in the Book of Psalms , and the First Book of Maccabees -LRB- c. 2nd century BCE -RRB- seems to refer to the top of the hill , generally known as the Temple Mount . According to the Book of Samuel , Mount Zion was the site of the Jebusite fortress called the `` stronghold of Zion '' , but once the First Temple was erected , according to the Bible , at the top of the Eastern Hill -LRB- `` Temple Mount '' -RRB- , the name `` Mount Zion '' migrated there too . The name later migrated for a last time , this time to Jerusalem 's Western Hill . According to the Bible , both Jewish Temples stood at the Temple Mount , though archaeological evidence only exists for the Second Temple . However , the identification of Solomon 's Temple with the area of the Temple Mount is widespread . According to the Bible the site should function as the center of all national life -- a governmental , judicial and religious center . During the Second Temple period it functioned also as an economic center . According to Jewish tradition and scripture , the First Temple was built by King Solomon the son of King David in 957 BCE and destroyed by the Babylonians in 586 BCE . The second was constructed under the auspices of Zerubbabel in 516 BCE and destroyed by the Roman Empire in 70 CE . In the 2nd century , the site was used for a temple to Jupiter Capitolinus . It was redeveloped following the Arab conquest . Jewish tradition maintains it is here a Third and final Temple will also be built . The location is the holiest site in Judaism and is the place Jews turn towards during prayer . Due to its extreme sanctity , many Jews will not walk on the Mount itself , to avoid unintentionally entering the area where the Holy of Holies stood , since according to Rabbinical law , some aspect of the divine presence is still present at the site . It was from the Holy of Holies that the High Priest communicated directly with God . The Temple was of central importance in Jewish worship , in the Tanakh and the Christian Old Testament . In the New Testament it remains the site of several events in the life of Jesus , and Christian loyalty to it as a focal point remained long after his death . After the destruction of the Temple in 70 CE , which came to be regarded by early Christians , as it was by Josephus and the sages of the Jerusalem Talmud , to be a divine act of punishment for the sins of the Jewish people , the Temple Mount lost its significance for Christian worship with the Christians considering it a fulfillment of Christ 's prophecy at , for example , and . It was to this end , proof of a biblical prophecy fulfilled and of Christianity 's victory over Judaism with the New Covenant , that early Christian pilgrims also visited the site . Byzantine Christians , despite some signs of constructive work on the esplanade , generally neglected the Temple Mount , especially when a Jewish attempt to rebuild the Temple was destroyed by the earthquake in 363 . and it became a desolate local rubbish dump , perhaps outside the city limits , as Christian worship in Jerusalem shifted to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre , and Jerusalem 's centrality was replaced by Rome . Almost immediately after the Muslim conquest of Jerusalem in 638 CE , Caliph ` Omar ibn al Khatab , disgusted by the filth covering the site , had it thoroughly cleaned , and granted Jews access to the site . Among Sunni Muslims , the Mount is widely considered the third holiest site in Islam . Revered as the Noble Sanctuary , the location of Muhammad 's journey to Jerusalem and ascent to heaven , the site is also associated with Jewish biblical prophets who are also venerated in Islam . Muslims preferred to the esplanade as the heart for the Muslim quarter since it had been abandoned by Christians , to avoid disturbing the Christian quarters of Jerusalem . Umayyad Caliphs commissioned the construction of the al-Aqsa Mosque and Dome of the Rock on the site . The Dome was completed in 692 CE , making it one of the oldest extant Islamic structures in the world . The Al Aqsa Mosque rests on the far southern side of the Mount , facing Mecca . The Dome of the Rock currently sits in the middle , occupying or close to the area where the Holy Temple previously stood . In light of the dual claims of both Judaism and Islam , it is one of the most contested religious sites in the world . Since the Crusades , the Muslim community of Jerusalem has managed the site as a Waqf , without interruption . As the site is part of the Old City , controlled by Israel since 1967 , both Israel and the Palestinian Authority claim sovereignty over it , and it remains a major focal point of the Arab -- Israeli conflict . In an attempt to keep the status quo , the Israeli government enforces a controversial ban on prayer by non-Muslims . ", "The Temple in Jerusalem or Holy Temple -LRB- , Modern : Beit HaMikdash , Tiberian : Beiṯ HamMiqdāš , Ashkenazi : Beis HaMikdosh ; ቤተ መቅደስ : Betä Mäqdäs -RRB- was any of a series of structures which were located on the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem , the current site of the Dome of the Rock and Al-Aqsa Mosque . These successive temples stood at this location and functioned as a site of ancient Israelite and later Jewish worship . ", "Aathara Stalam indicates the places which are considered to be divine impersonations of Tantric chakras , associated with human anatomy . The Annamalaiyar temple is called the Manipooraga stalam , associated with `` Manipooraga '' , the human anatomical cause for spiritual ignorance , thirst , jealousy , treachery , shame , fear , disgust , delusion , foolishness and sadness . Five temples are located in Tamil Nadu , and one at Varanasi . -RCB- -RRB- | Brain directly behind eyebrow | Natarajar Temple | Chidambaram | | - | Visuthi -LRB- Sanskrit : विशुद्ध , Viśuddha -RRB- | Neck region near spine | Sri Kalahastheeswara Swami Temple | Kalahasthi | | - | Anahata -LRB- Sanskrit : अनाहत , Anāhata -RRB- | Central channel behind spine | Kashi Vishwanath Temple | Varanasi | | - | Manipooragam -LRB- Sanskrit : मणिपूर , -RRB- | Spine directly behind the navel | Arunachaleshwarar Temple | Thiruvannamalai | | - | Swathistanam -LRB- Sanskrit : स्वाधिष्ठान , Svādhiṣṭhāna -RRB- | One 's own abode | Thiruvanaikaval | Trichy | | - | Moolatharam -LRB- Sanskrit : मूलाधार , Mūlādhāra -RRB- | Basal end of the spinal column | Thyagaraja Swamy Temple | Tiruvarur | | -RCB- Category : Shiva temples ", "The Temple of the Eastern Peak in Beijing is a Taoist temple in the Chaowai area , Chaoyang District , Beijing , China . The temple is dedicated to the Great Deity of the Eastern Peak . `` Eastern Peak '' is the cosmological name of Mount Tai , the easternmost and holiest of the Five Sacred Mountains of China . Founded during the Yuan dynasty , the Eastern Peak Temple is the largest temple of Zhengyi Taoism in Beijing and protected as a national cultural spot . The temple also hosts the Beijing Folk Customs Museum . ", "The Dome of the Rock -LRB- -LSB- قبة الصخرة , links = no -RSB- Qubbat al-Sakhrah , -LSB- כיפת הסלע , links = no -RSB- Kippat ha-Sela -RRB- is an Islamic shrine located on the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem . It was initially completed in 691 CE at the order of Umayyad Caliph Abd al-Malik during the Second Fitna , built on the site of the Roman temple of Jupiter Capitolinus , which had in turn been built on the site of Herod 's Temple , destroyed during the Roman Siege of Jerusalem in 70 CE . The original dome collapsed in 1015 and was rebuilt in 1022 -- 23 . The Dome of the Rock is in its core one of the oldest extant works of Islamic architecture . Its architecture and mosaics were patterned after nearby Byzantine churches and palaces , although its outside appearance has been significantly changed in the Ottoman period and again in the modern period , notably with the addition of the gold-plated roof , in 1959 -- 61 and again in 1993 . The octagonal plan of the structure may also have been influenced by the Byzantine Church of the Seat of Mary -LRB- also known as Kathisma in Greek and al-Qadismu in Arabic -RRB- built between 451 and 458 on the road between Jerusalem and Bethlehem . The site 's great significance for Muslims derives from traditions connecting it to the creation of the world and to the belief that the Prophet Muhammad 's Night Journey to heaven started from the rock at the center of the structure . The rock also bears great significance for Jews as the site of Abraham 's attempted sacrifice of his son . It has been called `` Jerusalem 's most recognizable landmark , '' and it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site , along with two nearby Temple Mount structures , the Western Wall , and the `` Resurrection Rotunda '' in the nearby Church of the Holy Sepulchre . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "Temple_Mount", "Temple_in_Jerusalem", "Aathara_Stalam", "Beijing_Dongyue_Temple", "Dome_of_the_Rock" ]

[ "The Temple Mount -LRB- הַר הַבַּיִת , Har HaBáyit , `` Mount of the House -LSB- of God , i.e. the Temple -RSB- '' -RRB- , known to Muslims as the Haram esh-Sharif -LRB- الحرم الشريف , al-Ḥaram al-Šarīf , `` the Noble Sanctuary '' , or الحرم القدسي الشريف , al-Ḥaram al-Qudsī al-Šarīf , `` the Noble Sanctuary of Jerusalem '' -RRB- , a hill located in the Old City of Jerusalem , is one of the most important religious sites in the world . It has been venerated as a holy site for thousands of years by Judaism , Christianity , and Islam . The present site is dominated by three monumental structures from the early Umayyad period : the al-Aqsa Mosque , the Dome of the Rock and the Dome of the Chain , as well as four minarets . Herodian walls and gates with additions dating back to the late Byzantine and early Islamic periods cut through the flanks of the Mount . Currently it can be reached through eleven gates , ten reserved for Muslims and one for non-Muslims , with guard posts of Israeli police in the vicinity of each . The Temple Mount is the holiest site in Judaism , which regards it as the place where God 's divine presence is manifested more than in any other place . According to the rabbinic sages whose debates produced the Talmud , it was from here the world expanded into its present form and where God gathered the dust used to create the first human , Adam . Since at least the first century CE , the site has been associated in Judaism with Mount Moriah -LRB- הַר הַמוריה , Har HaMōriyā -RRB- ; Mount Moriah is the name given by the Hebrew Bible to the location of Abraham 's binding of Isaac , this identification being perpetuated by Jewish and Christian tradition . Several passages in the Hebrew Bible indicate that during the time when they were written , the Temple Mount was identified as Mount Zion . The Mount Zion mentioned in the later parts of the Book of Isaiah , in the Book of Psalms , and the First Book of Maccabees -LRB- c. 2nd century BCE -RRB- seems to refer to the top of the hill , generally known as the Temple Mount . According to the Book of Samuel , Mount Zion was the site of the Jebusite fortress called the `` stronghold of Zion '' , but once the First Temple was erected , according to the Bible , at the top of the Eastern Hill -LRB- `` Temple Mount '' -RRB- , the name `` Mount Zion '' migrated there too . The name later migrated for a last time , this time to Jerusalem 's Western Hill . According to the Bible , both Jewish Temples stood at the Temple Mount , though archaeological evidence only exists for the Second Temple . However , the identification of Solomon 's Temple with the area of the Temple Mount is widespread . According to the Bible the site should function as the center of all national life -- a governmental , judicial and religious center . During the Second Temple period it functioned also as an economic center . According to Jewish tradition and scripture , the First Temple was built by King Solomon the son of King David in 957 BCE and destroyed by the Babylonians in 586 BCE . The second was constructed under the auspices of Zerubbabel in 516 BCE and destroyed by the Roman Empire in 70 CE . In the 2nd century , the site was used for a temple to Jupiter Capitolinus . It was redeveloped following the Arab conquest . Jewish tradition maintains it is here a Third and final Temple will also be built . The location is the holiest site in Judaism and is the place Jews turn towards during prayer . Due to its extreme sanctity , many Jews will not walk on the Mount itself , to avoid unintentionally entering the area where the Holy of Holies stood , since according to Rabbinical law , some aspect of the divine presence is still present at the site . It was from the Holy of Holies that the High Priest communicated directly with God . The Temple was of central importance in Jewish worship , in the Tanakh and the Christian Old Testament . In the New Testament it remains the site of several events in the life of Jesus , and Christian loyalty to it as a focal point remained long after his death . After the destruction of the Temple in 70 CE , which came to be regarded by early Christians , as it was by Josephus and the sages of the Jerusalem Talmud , to be a divine act of punishment for the sins of the Jewish people , the Temple Mount lost its significance for Christian worship with the Christians considering it a fulfillment of Christ 's prophecy at , for example , and . It was to this end , proof of a biblical prophecy fulfilled and of Christianity 's victory over Judaism with the New Covenant , that early Christian pilgrims also visited the site . Byzantine Christians , despite some signs of constructive work on the esplanade , generally neglected the Temple Mount , especially when a Jewish attempt to rebuild the Temple was destroyed by the earthquake in 363 . and it became a desolate local rubbish dump , perhaps outside the city limits , as Christian worship in Jerusalem shifted to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre , and Jerusalem 's centrality was replaced by Rome . Almost immediately after the Muslim conquest of Jerusalem in 638 CE , Caliph ` Omar ibn al Khatab , disgusted by the filth covering the site , had it thoroughly cleaned , and granted Jews access to the site . Among Sunni Muslims , the Mount is widely considered the third holiest site in Islam . Revered as the Noble Sanctuary , the location of Muhammad 's journey to Jerusalem and ascent to heaven , the site is also associated with Jewish biblical prophets who are also venerated in Islam . Muslims preferred to the esplanade as the heart for the Muslim quarter since it had been abandoned by Christians , to avoid disturbing the Christian quarters of Jerusalem . Umayyad Caliphs commissioned the construction of the al-Aqsa Mosque and Dome of the Rock on the site . The Dome was completed in 692 CE , making it one of the oldest extant Islamic structures in the world . The Al Aqsa Mosque rests on the far southern side of the Mount , facing Mecca . The Dome of the Rock currently sits in the middle , occupying or close to the area where the Holy Temple previously stood . In light of the dual claims of both Judaism and Islam , it is one of the most contested religious sites in the world . Since the Crusades , the Muslim community of Jerusalem has managed the site as a Waqf , without interruption . As the site is part of the Old City , controlled by Israel since 1967 , both Israel and the Palestinian Authority claim sovereignty over it , and it remains a major focal point of the Arab -- Israeli conflict . In an attempt to keep the status quo , the Israeli government enforces a controversial ban on prayer by non-Muslims . ", "The Temple in Jerusalem or Holy Temple -LRB- , Modern : Beit HaMikdash , Tiberian : Beiṯ HamMiqdāš , Ashkenazi : Beis HaMikdosh ; ቤተ መቅደስ : Betä Mäqdäs -RRB- was any of a series of structures which were located on the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem , the current site of the Dome of the Rock and Al-Aqsa Mosque . These successive temples stood at this location and functioned as a site of ancient Israelite and later Jewish worship . ", "Aathara Stalam indicates the places which are considered to be divine impersonations of Tantric chakras , associated with human anatomy . The Annamalaiyar temple is called the Manipooraga stalam , associated with `` Manipooraga '' , the human anatomical cause for spiritual ignorance , thirst , jealousy , treachery , shame , fear , disgust , delusion , foolishness and sadness . Five temples are located in Tamil Nadu , and one at Varanasi . -RCB- -RRB- | Brain directly behind eyebrow | Natarajar Temple | Chidambaram | | - | Visuthi -LRB- Sanskrit : विशुद्ध , Viśuddha -RRB- | Neck region near spine | Sri Kalahastheeswara Swami Temple | Kalahasthi | | - | Anahata -LRB- Sanskrit : अनाहत , Anāhata -RRB- | Central channel behind spine | Kashi Vishwanath Temple | Varanasi | | - | Manipooragam -LRB- Sanskrit : मणिपूर , -RRB- | Spine directly behind the navel | Arunachaleshwarar Temple | Thiruvannamalai | | - | Swathistanam -LRB- Sanskrit : स्वाधिष्ठान , Svādhiṣṭhāna -RRB- | One 's own abode | Thiruvanaikaval | Trichy | | - | Moolatharam -LRB- Sanskrit : मूलाधार , Mūlādhāra -RRB- | Basal end of the spinal column | Thyagaraja Swamy Temple | Tiruvarur | | -RCB- Category : Shiva temples ", "The Temple of the Eastern Peak in Beijing is a Taoist temple in the Chaowai area , Chaoyang District , Beijing , China . The temple is dedicated to the Great Deity of the Eastern Peak . `` Eastern Peak '' is the cosmological name of Mount Tai , the easternmost and holiest of the Five Sacred Mountains of China . Founded during the Yuan dynasty , the Eastern Peak Temple is the largest temple of Zhengyi Taoism in Beijing and protected as a national cultural spot . The temple also hosts the Beijing Folk Customs Museum . ", "The Dome of the Rock -LRB- -LSB- قبة الصخرة , links = no -RSB- Qubbat al-Sakhrah , -LSB- כיפת הסלע , links = no -RSB- Kippat ha-Sela -RRB- is an Islamic shrine located on the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem . It was initially completed in 691 CE at the order of Umayyad Caliph Abd al-Malik during the Second Fitna , built on the site of the Roman temple of Jupiter Capitolinus , which had in turn been built on the site of Herod 's Temple , destroyed during the Roman Siege of Jerusalem in 70 CE . The original dome collapsed in 1015 and was rebuilt in 1022 -- 23 . The Dome of the Rock is in its core one of the oldest extant works of Islamic architecture . Its architecture and mosaics were patterned after nearby Byzantine churches and palaces , although its outside appearance has been significantly changed in the Ottoman period and again in the modern period , notably with the addition of the gold-plated roof , in 1959 -- 61 and again in 1993 . The octagonal plan of the structure may also have been influenced by the Byzantine Church of the Seat of Mary -LRB- also known as Kathisma in Greek and al-Qadismu in Arabic -RRB- built between 451 and 458 on the road between Jerusalem and Bethlehem . The site 's great significance for Muslims derives from traditions connecting it to the creation of the world and to the belief that the Prophet Muhammad 's Night Journey to heaven started from the rock at the center of the structure . The rock also bears great significance for Jews as the site of Abraham 's attempted sacrifice of his son . It has been called `` Jerusalem 's most recognizable landmark , '' and it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site , along with two nearby Temple Mount structures , the Western Wall , and the `` Resurrection Rotunda '' in the nearby Church of the Holy Sepulchre . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "Temple_Mount", "Temple_in_Jerusalem", "Aathara_Stalam", "Beijing_Dongyue_Temple", "Dome_of_the_Rock" ]

[ "The Temple Mount -LRB- הַר הַבַּיִת , Har HaBáyit , `` Mount of the House -LSB- of God , i.e. the Temple -RSB- '' -RRB- , known to Muslims as the Haram esh-Sharif -LRB- الحرم الشريف , al-Ḥaram al-Šarīf , `` the Noble Sanctuary '' , or الحرم القدسي الشريف , al-Ḥaram al-Qudsī al-Šarīf , `` the Noble Sanctuary of Jerusalem '' -RRB- , a hill located in the Old City of Jerusalem , is one of the most important religious sites in the world . It has been venerated as a holy site for thousands of years by Judaism , Christianity , and Islam . The present site is dominated by three monumental structures from the early Umayyad period : the al-Aqsa Mosque , the Dome of the Rock and the Dome of the Chain , as well as four minarets . Herodian walls and gates with additions dating back to the late Byzantine and early Islamic periods cut through the flanks of the Mount . Currently it can be reached through eleven gates , ten reserved for Muslims and one for non-Muslims , with guard posts of Israeli police in the vicinity of each . The Temple Mount is the holiest site in Judaism , which regards it as the place where God 's divine presence is manifested more than in any other place . According to the rabbinic sages whose debates produced the Talmud , it was from here the world expanded into its present form and where God gathered the dust used to create the first human , Adam . Since at least the first century CE , the site has been associated in Judaism with Mount Moriah -LRB- הַר הַמוריה , Har HaMōriyā -RRB- ; Mount Moriah is the name given by the Hebrew Bible to the location of Abraham 's binding of Isaac , this identification being perpetuated by Jewish and Christian tradition . Several passages in the Hebrew Bible indicate that during the time when they were written , the Temple Mount was identified as Mount Zion . The Mount Zion mentioned in the later parts of the Book of Isaiah , in the Book of Psalms , and the First Book of Maccabees -LRB- c. 2nd century BCE -RRB- seems to refer to the top of the hill , generally known as the Temple Mount . According to the Book of Samuel , Mount Zion was the site of the Jebusite fortress called the `` stronghold of Zion '' , but once the First Temple was erected , according to the Bible , at the top of the Eastern Hill -LRB- `` Temple Mount '' -RRB- , the name `` Mount Zion '' migrated there too . The name later migrated for a last time , this time to Jerusalem 's Western Hill . According to the Bible , both Jewish Temples stood at the Temple Mount , though archaeological evidence only exists for the Second Temple . However , the identification of Solomon 's Temple with the area of the Temple Mount is widespread . According to the Bible the site should function as the center of all national life -- a governmental , judicial and religious center . During the Second Temple period it functioned also as an economic center . According to Jewish tradition and scripture , the First Temple was built by King Solomon the son of King David in 957 BCE and destroyed by the Babylonians in 586 BCE . The second was constructed under the auspices of Zerubbabel in 516 BCE and destroyed by the Roman Empire in 70 CE . In the 2nd century , the site was used for a temple to Jupiter Capitolinus . It was redeveloped following the Arab conquest . Jewish tradition maintains it is here a Third and final Temple will also be built . The location is the holiest site in Judaism and is the place Jews turn towards during prayer . Due to its extreme sanctity , many Jews will not walk on the Mount itself , to avoid unintentionally entering the area where the Holy of Holies stood , since according to Rabbinical law , some aspect of the divine presence is still present at the site . It was from the Holy of Holies that the High Priest communicated directly with God . The Temple was of central importance in Jewish worship , in the Tanakh and the Christian Old Testament . In the New Testament it remains the site of several events in the life of Jesus , and Christian loyalty to it as a focal point remained long after his death . After the destruction of the Temple in 70 CE , which came to be regarded by early Christians , as it was by Josephus and the sages of the Jerusalem Talmud , to be a divine act of punishment for the sins of the Jewish people , the Temple Mount lost its significance for Christian worship with the Christians considering it a fulfillment of Christ 's prophecy at , for example , and . It was to this end , proof of a biblical prophecy fulfilled and of Christianity 's victory over Judaism with the New Covenant , that early Christian pilgrims also visited the site . Byzantine Christians , despite some signs of constructive work on the esplanade , generally neglected the Temple Mount , especially when a Jewish attempt to rebuild the Temple was destroyed by the earthquake in 363 . and it became a desolate local rubbish dump , perhaps outside the city limits , as Christian worship in Jerusalem shifted to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre , and Jerusalem 's centrality was replaced by Rome . Almost immediately after the Muslim conquest of Jerusalem in 638 CE , Caliph ` Omar ibn al Khatab , disgusted by the filth covering the site , had it thoroughly cleaned , and granted Jews access to the site . Among Sunni Muslims , the Mount is widely considered the third holiest site in Islam . Revered as the Noble Sanctuary , the location of Muhammad 's journey to Jerusalem and ascent to heaven , the site is also associated with Jewish biblical prophets who are also venerated in Islam . Muslims preferred to the esplanade as the heart for the Muslim quarter since it had been abandoned by Christians , to avoid disturbing the Christian quarters of Jerusalem . Umayyad Caliphs commissioned the construction of the al-Aqsa Mosque and Dome of the Rock on the site . The Dome was completed in 692 CE , making it one of the oldest extant Islamic structures in the world . The Al Aqsa Mosque rests on the far southern side of the Mount , facing Mecca . The Dome of the Rock currently sits in the middle , occupying or close to the area where the Holy Temple previously stood . In light of the dual claims of both Judaism and Islam , it is one of the most contested religious sites in the world . Since the Crusades , the Muslim community of Jerusalem has managed the site as a Waqf , without interruption . As the site is part of the Old City , controlled by Israel since 1967 , both Israel and the Palestinian Authority claim sovereignty over it , and it remains a major focal point of the Arab -- Israeli conflict . In an attempt to keep the status quo , the Israeli government enforces a controversial ban on prayer by non-Muslims . ", "The Temple in Jerusalem or Holy Temple -LRB- , Modern : Beit HaMikdash , Tiberian : Beiṯ HamMiqdāš , Ashkenazi : Beis HaMikdosh ; ቤተ መቅደስ : Betä Mäqdäs -RRB- was any of a series of structures which were located on the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem , the current site of the Dome of the Rock and Al-Aqsa Mosque . These successive temples stood at this location and functioned as a site of ancient Israelite and later Jewish worship . ", "Aathara Stalam indicates the places which are considered to be divine impersonations of Tantric chakras , associated with human anatomy . The Annamalaiyar temple is called the Manipooraga stalam , associated with `` Manipooraga '' , the human anatomical cause for spiritual ignorance , thirst , jealousy , treachery , shame , fear , disgust , delusion , foolishness and sadness . Five temples are located in Tamil Nadu , and one at Varanasi . -RCB- -RRB- | Brain directly behind eyebrow | Natarajar Temple | Chidambaram | | - | Visuthi -LRB- Sanskrit : विशुद्ध , Viśuddha -RRB- | Neck region near spine | Sri Kalahastheeswara Swami Temple | Kalahasthi | | - | Anahata -LRB- Sanskrit : अनाहत , Anāhata -RRB- | Central channel behind spine | Kashi Vishwanath Temple | Varanasi | | - | Manipooragam -LRB- Sanskrit : मणिपूर , -RRB- | Spine directly behind the navel | Arunachaleshwarar Temple | Thiruvannamalai | | - | Swathistanam -LRB- Sanskrit : स्वाधिष्ठान , Svādhiṣṭhāna -RRB- | One 's own abode | Thiruvanaikaval | Trichy | | - | Moolatharam -LRB- Sanskrit : मूलाधार , Mūlādhāra -RRB- | Basal end of the spinal column | Thyagaraja Swamy Temple | Tiruvarur | | -RCB- Category : Shiva temples ", "The Temple of the Eastern Peak in Beijing is a Taoist temple in the Chaowai area , Chaoyang District , Beijing , China . The temple is dedicated to the Great Deity of the Eastern Peak . `` Eastern Peak '' is the cosmological name of Mount Tai , the easternmost and holiest of the Five Sacred Mountains of China . Founded during the Yuan dynasty , the Eastern Peak Temple is the largest temple of Zhengyi Taoism in Beijing and protected as a national cultural spot . The temple also hosts the Beijing Folk Customs Museum . ", "The Dome of the Rock -LRB- -LSB- قبة الصخرة , links = no -RSB- Qubbat al-Sakhrah , -LSB- כיפת הסלע , links = no -RSB- Kippat ha-Sela -RRB- is an Islamic shrine located on the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem . It was initially completed in 691 CE at the order of Umayyad Caliph Abd al-Malik during the Second Fitna , built on the site of the Roman temple of Jupiter Capitolinus , which had in turn been built on the site of Herod 's Temple , destroyed during the Roman Siege of Jerusalem in 70 CE . The original dome collapsed in 1015 and was rebuilt in 1022 -- 23 . The Dome of the Rock is in its core one of the oldest extant works of Islamic architecture . Its architecture and mosaics were patterned after nearby Byzantine churches and palaces , although its outside appearance has been significantly changed in the Ottoman period and again in the modern period , notably with the addition of the gold-plated roof , in 1959 -- 61 and again in 1993 . The octagonal plan of the structure may also have been influenced by the Byzantine Church of the Seat of Mary -LRB- also known as Kathisma in Greek and al-Qadismu in Arabic -RRB- built between 451 and 458 on the road between Jerusalem and Bethlehem . The site 's great significance for Muslims derives from traditions connecting it to the creation of the world and to the belief that the Prophet Muhammad 's Night Journey to heaven started from the rock at the center of the structure . The rock also bears great significance for Jews as the site of Abraham 's attempted sacrifice of his son . It has been called `` Jerusalem 's most recognizable landmark , '' and it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site , along with two nearby Temple Mount structures , the Western Wall , and the `` Resurrection Rotunda '' in the nearby Church of the Holy Sepulchre . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "Temple_Mount", "Temple_in_Jerusalem", "Aathara_Stalam", "Beijing_Dongyue_Temple", "Dome_of_the_Rock" ]

[ "The Temple Mount -LRB- הַר הַבַּיִת , Har HaBáyit , `` Mount of the House -LSB- of God , i.e. the Temple -RSB- '' -RRB- , known to Muslims as the Haram esh-Sharif -LRB- الحرم الشريف , al-Ḥaram al-Šarīf , `` the Noble Sanctuary '' , or الحرم القدسي الشريف , al-Ḥaram al-Qudsī al-Šarīf , `` the Noble Sanctuary of Jerusalem '' -RRB- , a hill located in the Old City of Jerusalem , is one of the most important religious sites in the world . It has been venerated as a holy site for thousands of years by Judaism , Christianity , and Islam . The present site is dominated by three monumental structures from the early Umayyad period : the al-Aqsa Mosque , the Dome of the Rock and the Dome of the Chain , as well as four minarets . Herodian walls and gates with additions dating back to the late Byzantine and early Islamic periods cut through the flanks of the Mount . Currently it can be reached through eleven gates , ten reserved for Muslims and one for non-Muslims , with guard posts of Israeli police in the vicinity of each . The Temple Mount is the holiest site in Judaism , which regards it as the place where God 's divine presence is manifested more than in any other place . According to the rabbinic sages whose debates produced the Talmud , it was from here the world expanded into its present form and where God gathered the dust used to create the first human , Adam . Since at least the first century CE , the site has been associated in Judaism with Mount Moriah -LRB- הַר הַמוריה , Har HaMōriyā -RRB- ; Mount Moriah is the name given by the Hebrew Bible to the location of Abraham 's binding of Isaac , this identification being perpetuated by Jewish and Christian tradition . Several passages in the Hebrew Bible indicate that during the time when they were written , the Temple Mount was identified as Mount Zion . The Mount Zion mentioned in the later parts of the Book of Isaiah , in the Book of Psalms , and the First Book of Maccabees -LRB- c. 2nd century BCE -RRB- seems to refer to the top of the hill , generally known as the Temple Mount . According to the Book of Samuel , Mount Zion was the site of the Jebusite fortress called the `` stronghold of Zion '' , but once the First Temple was erected , according to the Bible , at the top of the Eastern Hill -LRB- `` Temple Mount '' -RRB- , the name `` Mount Zion '' migrated there too . The name later migrated for a last time , this time to Jerusalem 's Western Hill . According to the Bible , both Jewish Temples stood at the Temple Mount , though archaeological evidence only exists for the Second Temple . However , the identification of Solomon 's Temple with the area of the Temple Mount is widespread . According to the Bible the site should function as the center of all national life -- a governmental , judicial and religious center . During the Second Temple period it functioned also as an economic center . According to Jewish tradition and scripture , the First Temple was built by King Solomon the son of King David in 957 BCE and destroyed by the Babylonians in 586 BCE . The second was constructed under the auspices of Zerubbabel in 516 BCE and destroyed by the Roman Empire in 70 CE . In the 2nd century , the site was used for a temple to Jupiter Capitolinus . It was redeveloped following the Arab conquest . Jewish tradition maintains it is here a Third and final Temple will also be built . The location is the holiest site in Judaism and is the place Jews turn towards during prayer . Due to its extreme sanctity , many Jews will not walk on the Mount itself , to avoid unintentionally entering the area where the Holy of Holies stood , since according to Rabbinical law , some aspect of the divine presence is still present at the site . It was from the Holy of Holies that the High Priest communicated directly with God . The Temple was of central importance in Jewish worship , in the Tanakh and the Christian Old Testament . In the New Testament it remains the site of several events in the life of Jesus , and Christian loyalty to it as a focal point remained long after his death . After the destruction of the Temple in 70 CE , which came to be regarded by early Christians , as it was by Josephus and the sages of the Jerusalem Talmud , to be a divine act of punishment for the sins of the Jewish people , the Temple Mount lost its significance for Christian worship with the Christians considering it a fulfillment of Christ 's prophecy at , for example , and . It was to this end , proof of a biblical prophecy fulfilled and of Christianity 's victory over Judaism with the New Covenant , that early Christian pilgrims also visited the site . Byzantine Christians , despite some signs of constructive work on the esplanade , generally neglected the Temple Mount , especially when a Jewish attempt to rebuild the Temple was destroyed by the earthquake in 363 . and it became a desolate local rubbish dump , perhaps outside the city limits , as Christian worship in Jerusalem shifted to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre , and Jerusalem 's centrality was replaced by Rome . Almost immediately after the Muslim conquest of Jerusalem in 638 CE , Caliph ` Omar ibn al Khatab , disgusted by the filth covering the site , had it thoroughly cleaned , and granted Jews access to the site . Among Sunni Muslims , the Mount is widely considered the third holiest site in Islam . Revered as the Noble Sanctuary , the location of Muhammad 's journey to Jerusalem and ascent to heaven , the site is also associated with Jewish biblical prophets who are also venerated in Islam . Muslims preferred to the esplanade as the heart for the Muslim quarter since it had been abandoned by Christians , to avoid disturbing the Christian quarters of Jerusalem . Umayyad Caliphs commissioned the construction of the al-Aqsa Mosque and Dome of the Rock on the site . The Dome was completed in 692 CE , making it one of the oldest extant Islamic structures in the world . The Al Aqsa Mosque rests on the far southern side of the Mount , facing Mecca . The Dome of the Rock currently sits in the middle , occupying or close to the area where the Holy Temple previously stood . In light of the dual claims of both Judaism and Islam , it is one of the most contested religious sites in the world . Since the Crusades , the Muslim community of Jerusalem has managed the site as a Waqf , without interruption . As the site is part of the Old City , controlled by Israel since 1967 , both Israel and the Palestinian Authority claim sovereignty over it , and it remains a major focal point of the Arab -- Israeli conflict . In an attempt to keep the status quo , the Israeli government enforces a controversial ban on prayer by non-Muslims . ", "The Temple in Jerusalem or Holy Temple -LRB- , Modern : Beit HaMikdash , Tiberian : Beiṯ HamMiqdāš , Ashkenazi : Beis HaMikdosh ; ቤተ መቅደስ : Betä Mäqdäs -RRB- was any of a series of structures which were located on the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem , the current site of the Dome of the Rock and Al-Aqsa Mosque . These successive temples stood at this location and functioned as a site of ancient Israelite and later Jewish worship . ", "Aathara Stalam indicates the places which are considered to be divine impersonations of Tantric chakras , associated with human anatomy . The Annamalaiyar temple is called the Manipooraga stalam , associated with `` Manipooraga '' , the human anatomical cause for spiritual ignorance , thirst , jealousy , treachery , shame , fear , disgust , delusion , foolishness and sadness . Five temples are located in Tamil Nadu , and one at Varanasi . -RCB- -RRB- | Brain directly behind eyebrow | Natarajar Temple | Chidambaram | | - | Visuthi -LRB- Sanskrit : विशुद्ध , Viśuddha -RRB- | Neck region near spine | Sri Kalahastheeswara Swami Temple | Kalahasthi | | - | Anahata -LRB- Sanskrit : अनाहत , Anāhata -RRB- | Central channel behind spine | Kashi Vishwanath Temple | Varanasi | | - | Manipooragam -LRB- Sanskrit : मणिपूर , -RRB- | Spine directly behind the navel | Arunachaleshwarar Temple | Thiruvannamalai | | - | Swathistanam -LRB- Sanskrit : स्वाधिष्ठान , Svādhiṣṭhāna -RRB- | One 's own abode | Thiruvanaikaval | Trichy | | - | Moolatharam -LRB- Sanskrit : मूलाधार , Mūlādhāra -RRB- | Basal end of the spinal column | Thyagaraja Swamy Temple | Tiruvarur | | -RCB- Category : Shiva temples ", "The Temple of the Eastern Peak in Beijing is a Taoist temple in the Chaowai area , Chaoyang District , Beijing , China . The temple is dedicated to the Great Deity of the Eastern Peak . `` Eastern Peak '' is the cosmological name of Mount Tai , the easternmost and holiest of the Five Sacred Mountains of China . Founded during the Yuan dynasty , the Eastern Peak Temple is the largest temple of Zhengyi Taoism in Beijing and protected as a national cultural spot . The temple also hosts the Beijing Folk Customs Museum . ", "The Dome of the Rock -LRB- -LSB- قبة الصخرة , links = no -RSB- Qubbat al-Sakhrah , -LSB- כיפת הסלע , links = no -RSB- Kippat ha-Sela -RRB- is an Islamic shrine located on the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem . It was initially completed in 691 CE at the order of Umayyad Caliph Abd al-Malik during the Second Fitna , built on the site of the Roman temple of Jupiter Capitolinus , which had in turn been built on the site of Herod 's Temple , destroyed during the Roman Siege of Jerusalem in 70 CE . The original dome collapsed in 1015 and was rebuilt in 1022 -- 23 . The Dome of the Rock is in its core one of the oldest extant works of Islamic architecture . Its architecture and mosaics were patterned after nearby Byzantine churches and palaces , although its outside appearance has been significantly changed in the Ottoman period and again in the modern period , notably with the addition of the gold-plated roof , in 1959 -- 61 and again in 1993 . The octagonal plan of the structure may also have been influenced by the Byzantine Church of the Seat of Mary -LRB- also known as Kathisma in Greek and al-Qadismu in Arabic -RRB- built between 451 and 458 on the road between Jerusalem and Bethlehem . The site 's great significance for Muslims derives from traditions connecting it to the creation of the world and to the belief that the Prophet Muhammad 's Night Journey to heaven started from the rock at the center of the structure . The rock also bears great significance for Jews as the site of Abraham 's attempted sacrifice of his son . It has been called `` Jerusalem 's most recognizable landmark , '' and it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site , along with two nearby Temple Mount structures , the Western Wall , and the `` Resurrection Rotunda '' in the nearby Church of the Holy Sepulchre . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "Temple_Mount", "Temple_in_Jerusalem", "Aathara_Stalam", "Beijing_Dongyue_Temple", "Dome_of_the_Rock" ]

[ "The Temple Mount -LRB- הַר הַבַּיִת , Har HaBáyit , `` Mount of the House -LSB- of God , i.e. the Temple -RSB- '' -RRB- , known to Muslims as the Haram esh-Sharif -LRB- الحرم الشريف , al-Ḥaram al-Šarīf , `` the Noble Sanctuary '' , or الحرم القدسي الشريف , al-Ḥaram al-Qudsī al-Šarīf , `` the Noble Sanctuary of Jerusalem '' -RRB- , a hill located in the Old City of Jerusalem , is one of the most important religious sites in the world . It has been venerated as a holy site for thousands of years by Judaism , Christianity , and Islam . The present site is dominated by three monumental structures from the early Umayyad period : the al-Aqsa Mosque , the Dome of the Rock and the Dome of the Chain , as well as four minarets . Herodian walls and gates with additions dating back to the late Byzantine and early Islamic periods cut through the flanks of the Mount . Currently it can be reached through eleven gates , ten reserved for Muslims and one for non-Muslims , with guard posts of Israeli police in the vicinity of each . The Temple Mount is the holiest site in Judaism , which regards it as the place where God 's divine presence is manifested more than in any other place . According to the rabbinic sages whose debates produced the Talmud , it was from here the world expanded into its present form and where God gathered the dust used to create the first human , Adam . Since at least the first century CE , the site has been associated in Judaism with Mount Moriah -LRB- הַר הַמוריה , Har HaMōriyā -RRB- ; Mount Moriah is the name given by the Hebrew Bible to the location of Abraham 's binding of Isaac , this identification being perpetuated by Jewish and Christian tradition . Several passages in the Hebrew Bible indicate that during the time when they were written , the Temple Mount was identified as Mount Zion . The Mount Zion mentioned in the later parts of the Book of Isaiah , in the Book of Psalms , and the First Book of Maccabees -LRB- c. 2nd century BCE -RRB- seems to refer to the top of the hill , generally known as the Temple Mount . According to the Book of Samuel , Mount Zion was the site of the Jebusite fortress called the `` stronghold of Zion '' , but once the First Temple was erected , according to the Bible , at the top of the Eastern Hill -LRB- `` Temple Mount '' -RRB- , the name `` Mount Zion '' migrated there too . The name later migrated for a last time , this time to Jerusalem 's Western Hill . According to the Bible , both Jewish Temples stood at the Temple Mount , though archaeological evidence only exists for the Second Temple . However , the identification of Solomon 's Temple with the area of the Temple Mount is widespread . According to the Bible the site should function as the center of all national life -- a governmental , judicial and religious center . During the Second Temple period it functioned also as an economic center . According to Jewish tradition and scripture , the First Temple was built by King Solomon the son of King David in 957 BCE and destroyed by the Babylonians in 586 BCE . The second was constructed under the auspices of Zerubbabel in 516 BCE and destroyed by the Roman Empire in 70 CE . In the 2nd century , the site was used for a temple to Jupiter Capitolinus . It was redeveloped following the Arab conquest . Jewish tradition maintains it is here a Third and final Temple will also be built . The location is the holiest site in Judaism and is the place Jews turn towards during prayer . Due to its extreme sanctity , many Jews will not walk on the Mount itself , to avoid unintentionally entering the area where the Holy of Holies stood , since according to Rabbinical law , some aspect of the divine presence is still present at the site . It was from the Holy of Holies that the High Priest communicated directly with God . The Temple was of central importance in Jewish worship , in the Tanakh and the Christian Old Testament . In the New Testament it remains the site of several events in the life of Jesus , and Christian loyalty to it as a focal point remained long after his death . After the destruction of the Temple in 70 CE , which came to be regarded by early Christians , as it was by Josephus and the sages of the Jerusalem Talmud , to be a divine act of punishment for the sins of the Jewish people , the Temple Mount lost its significance for Christian worship with the Christians considering it a fulfillment of Christ 's prophecy at , for example , and . It was to this end , proof of a biblical prophecy fulfilled and of Christianity 's victory over Judaism with the New Covenant , that early Christian pilgrims also visited the site . Byzantine Christians , despite some signs of constructive work on the esplanade , generally neglected the Temple Mount , especially when a Jewish attempt to rebuild the Temple was destroyed by the earthquake in 363 . and it became a desolate local rubbish dump , perhaps outside the city limits , as Christian worship in Jerusalem shifted to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre , and Jerusalem 's centrality was replaced by Rome . Almost immediately after the Muslim conquest of Jerusalem in 638 CE , Caliph ` Omar ibn al Khatab , disgusted by the filth covering the site , had it thoroughly cleaned , and granted Jews access to the site . Among Sunni Muslims , the Mount is widely considered the third holiest site in Islam . Revered as the Noble Sanctuary , the location of Muhammad 's journey to Jerusalem and ascent to heaven , the site is also associated with Jewish biblical prophets who are also venerated in Islam . Muslims preferred to the esplanade as the heart for the Muslim quarter since it had been abandoned by Christians , to avoid disturbing the Christian quarters of Jerusalem . Umayyad Caliphs commissioned the construction of the al-Aqsa Mosque and Dome of the Rock on the site . The Dome was completed in 692 CE , making it one of the oldest extant Islamic structures in the world . The Al Aqsa Mosque rests on the far southern side of the Mount , facing Mecca . The Dome of the Rock currently sits in the middle , occupying or close to the area where the Holy Temple previously stood . In light of the dual claims of both Judaism and Islam , it is one of the most contested religious sites in the world . Since the Crusades , the Muslim community of Jerusalem has managed the site as a Waqf , without interruption . As the site is part of the Old City , controlled by Israel since 1967 , both Israel and the Palestinian Authority claim sovereignty over it , and it remains a major focal point of the Arab -- Israeli conflict . In an attempt to keep the status quo , the Israeli government enforces a controversial ban on prayer by non-Muslims . ", "The Temple in Jerusalem or Holy Temple -LRB- , Modern : Beit HaMikdash , Tiberian : Beiṯ HamMiqdāš , Ashkenazi : Beis HaMikdosh ; ቤተ መቅደስ : Betä Mäqdäs -RRB- was any of a series of structures which were located on the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem , the current site of the Dome of the Rock and Al-Aqsa Mosque . These successive temples stood at this location and functioned as a site of ancient Israelite and later Jewish worship . ", "Aathara Stalam indicates the places which are considered to be divine impersonations of Tantric chakras , associated with human anatomy . The Annamalaiyar temple is called the Manipooraga stalam , associated with `` Manipooraga '' , the human anatomical cause for spiritual ignorance , thirst , jealousy , treachery , shame , fear , disgust , delusion , foolishness and sadness . Five temples are located in Tamil Nadu , and one at Varanasi . -RCB- -RRB- | Brain directly behind eyebrow | Natarajar Temple | Chidambaram | | - | Visuthi -LRB- Sanskrit : विशुद्ध , Viśuddha -RRB- | Neck region near spine | Sri Kalahastheeswara Swami Temple | Kalahasthi | | - | Anahata -LRB- Sanskrit : अनाहत , Anāhata -RRB- | Central channel behind spine | Kashi Vishwanath Temple | Varanasi | | - | Manipooragam -LRB- Sanskrit : मणिपूर , -RRB- | Spine directly behind the navel | Arunachaleshwarar Temple | Thiruvannamalai | | - | Swathistanam -LRB- Sanskrit : स्वाधिष्ठान , Svādhiṣṭhāna -RRB- | One 's own abode | Thiruvanaikaval | Trichy | | - | Moolatharam -LRB- Sanskrit : मूलाधार , Mūlādhāra -RRB- | Basal end of the spinal column | Thyagaraja Swamy Temple | Tiruvarur | | -RCB- Category : Shiva temples ", "The Temple of the Eastern Peak in Beijing is a Taoist temple in the Chaowai area , Chaoyang District , Beijing , China . The temple is dedicated to the Great Deity of the Eastern Peak . `` Eastern Peak '' is the cosmological name of Mount Tai , the easternmost and holiest of the Five Sacred Mountains of China . Founded during the Yuan dynasty , the Eastern Peak Temple is the largest temple of Zhengyi Taoism in Beijing and protected as a national cultural spot . The temple also hosts the Beijing Folk Customs Museum . ", "The Dome of the Rock -LRB- -LSB- قبة الصخرة , links = no -RSB- Qubbat al-Sakhrah , -LSB- כיפת הסלע , links = no -RSB- Kippat ha-Sela -RRB- is an Islamic shrine located on the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem . It was initially completed in 691 CE at the order of Umayyad Caliph Abd al-Malik during the Second Fitna , built on the site of the Roman temple of Jupiter Capitolinus , which had in turn been built on the site of Herod 's Temple , destroyed during the Roman Siege of Jerusalem in 70 CE . The original dome collapsed in 1015 and was rebuilt in 1022 -- 23 . The Dome of the Rock is in its core one of the oldest extant works of Islamic architecture . Its architecture and mosaics were patterned after nearby Byzantine churches and palaces , although its outside appearance has been significantly changed in the Ottoman period and again in the modern period , notably with the addition of the gold-plated roof , in 1959 -- 61 and again in 1993 . The octagonal plan of the structure may also have been influenced by the Byzantine Church of the Seat of Mary -LRB- also known as Kathisma in Greek and al-Qadismu in Arabic -RRB- built between 451 and 458 on the road between Jerusalem and Bethlehem . The site 's great significance for Muslims derives from traditions connecting it to the creation of the world and to the belief that the Prophet Muhammad 's Night Journey to heaven started from the rock at the center of the structure . The rock also bears great significance for Jews as the site of Abraham 's attempted sacrifice of his son . It has been called `` Jerusalem 's most recognizable landmark , '' and it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site , along with two nearby Temple Mount structures , the Western Wall , and the `` Resurrection Rotunda '' in the nearby Church of the Holy Sepulchre . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "Temple_Mount", "Temple_in_Jerusalem", "Aathara_Stalam", "Beijing_Dongyue_Temple", "Dome_of_the_Rock" ]

[ "The Temple Mount -LRB- הַר הַבַּיִת , Har HaBáyit , `` Mount of the House -LSB- of God , i.e. the Temple -RSB- '' -RRB- , known to Muslims as the Haram esh-Sharif -LRB- الحرم الشريف , al-Ḥaram al-Šarīf , `` the Noble Sanctuary '' , or الحرم القدسي الشريف , al-Ḥaram al-Qudsī al-Šarīf , `` the Noble Sanctuary of Jerusalem '' -RRB- , a hill located in the Old City of Jerusalem , is one of the most important religious sites in the world . It has been venerated as a holy site for thousands of years by Judaism , Christianity , and Islam . The present site is dominated by three monumental structures from the early Umayyad period : the al-Aqsa Mosque , the Dome of the Rock and the Dome of the Chain , as well as four minarets . Herodian walls and gates with additions dating back to the late Byzantine and early Islamic periods cut through the flanks of the Mount . Currently it can be reached through eleven gates , ten reserved for Muslims and one for non-Muslims , with guard posts of Israeli police in the vicinity of each . The Temple Mount is the holiest site in Judaism , which regards it as the place where God 's divine presence is manifested more than in any other place . According to the rabbinic sages whose debates produced the Talmud , it was from here the world expanded into its present form and where God gathered the dust used to create the first human , Adam . Since at least the first century CE , the site has been associated in Judaism with Mount Moriah -LRB- הַר הַמוריה , Har HaMōriyā -RRB- ; Mount Moriah is the name given by the Hebrew Bible to the location of Abraham 's binding of Isaac , this identification being perpetuated by Jewish and Christian tradition . Several passages in the Hebrew Bible indicate that during the time when they were written , the Temple Mount was identified as Mount Zion . The Mount Zion mentioned in the later parts of the Book of Isaiah , in the Book of Psalms , and the First Book of Maccabees -LRB- c. 2nd century BCE -RRB- seems to refer to the top of the hill , generally known as the Temple Mount . According to the Book of Samuel , Mount Zion was the site of the Jebusite fortress called the `` stronghold of Zion '' , but once the First Temple was erected , according to the Bible , at the top of the Eastern Hill -LRB- `` Temple Mount '' -RRB- , the name `` Mount Zion '' migrated there too . The name later migrated for a last time , this time to Jerusalem 's Western Hill . According to the Bible , both Jewish Temples stood at the Temple Mount , though archaeological evidence only exists for the Second Temple . However , the identification of Solomon 's Temple with the area of the Temple Mount is widespread . According to the Bible the site should function as the center of all national life -- a governmental , judicial and religious center . During the Second Temple period it functioned also as an economic center . According to Jewish tradition and scripture , the First Temple was built by King Solomon the son of King David in 957 BCE and destroyed by the Babylonians in 586 BCE . The second was constructed under the auspices of Zerubbabel in 516 BCE and destroyed by the Roman Empire in 70 CE . In the 2nd century , the site was used for a temple to Jupiter Capitolinus . It was redeveloped following the Arab conquest . Jewish tradition maintains it is here a Third and final Temple will also be built . The location is the holiest site in Judaism and is the place Jews turn towards during prayer . Due to its extreme sanctity , many Jews will not walk on the Mount itself , to avoid unintentionally entering the area where the Holy of Holies stood , since according to Rabbinical law , some aspect of the divine presence is still present at the site . It was from the Holy of Holies that the High Priest communicated directly with God . The Temple was of central importance in Jewish worship , in the Tanakh and the Christian Old Testament . In the New Testament it remains the site of several events in the life of Jesus , and Christian loyalty to it as a focal point remained long after his death . After the destruction of the Temple in 70 CE , which came to be regarded by early Christians , as it was by Josephus and the sages of the Jerusalem Talmud , to be a divine act of punishment for the sins of the Jewish people , the Temple Mount lost its significance for Christian worship with the Christians considering it a fulfillment of Christ 's prophecy at , for example , and . It was to this end , proof of a biblical prophecy fulfilled and of Christianity 's victory over Judaism with the New Covenant , that early Christian pilgrims also visited the site . Byzantine Christians , despite some signs of constructive work on the esplanade , generally neglected the Temple Mount , especially when a Jewish attempt to rebuild the Temple was destroyed by the earthquake in 363 . and it became a desolate local rubbish dump , perhaps outside the city limits , as Christian worship in Jerusalem shifted to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre , and Jerusalem 's centrality was replaced by Rome . Almost immediately after the Muslim conquest of Jerusalem in 638 CE , Caliph ` Omar ibn al Khatab , disgusted by the filth covering the site , had it thoroughly cleaned , and granted Jews access to the site . Among Sunni Muslims , the Mount is widely considered the third holiest site in Islam . Revered as the Noble Sanctuary , the location of Muhammad 's journey to Jerusalem and ascent to heaven , the site is also associated with Jewish biblical prophets who are also venerated in Islam . Muslims preferred to the esplanade as the heart for the Muslim quarter since it had been abandoned by Christians , to avoid disturbing the Christian quarters of Jerusalem . Umayyad Caliphs commissioned the construction of the al-Aqsa Mosque and Dome of the Rock on the site . The Dome was completed in 692 CE , making it one of the oldest extant Islamic structures in the world . The Al Aqsa Mosque rests on the far southern side of the Mount , facing Mecca . The Dome of the Rock currently sits in the middle , occupying or close to the area where the Holy Temple previously stood . In light of the dual claims of both Judaism and Islam , it is one of the most contested religious sites in the world . Since the Crusades , the Muslim community of Jerusalem has managed the site as a Waqf , without interruption . As the site is part of the Old City , controlled by Israel since 1967 , both Israel and the Palestinian Authority claim sovereignty over it , and it remains a major focal point of the Arab -- Israeli conflict . In an attempt to keep the status quo , the Israeli government enforces a controversial ban on prayer by non-Muslims . ", "The Temple in Jerusalem or Holy Temple -LRB- , Modern : Beit HaMikdash , Tiberian : Beiṯ HamMiqdāš , Ashkenazi : Beis HaMikdosh ; ቤተ መቅደስ : Betä Mäqdäs -RRB- was any of a series of structures which were located on the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem , the current site of the Dome of the Rock and Al-Aqsa Mosque . These successive temples stood at this location and functioned as a site of ancient Israelite and later Jewish worship . ", "Aathara Stalam indicates the places which are considered to be divine impersonations of Tantric chakras , associated with human anatomy . The Annamalaiyar temple is called the Manipooraga stalam , associated with `` Manipooraga '' , the human anatomical cause for spiritual ignorance , thirst , jealousy , treachery , shame , fear , disgust , delusion , foolishness and sadness . Five temples are located in Tamil Nadu , and one at Varanasi . -RCB- -RRB- | Brain directly behind eyebrow | Natarajar Temple | Chidambaram | | - | Visuthi -LRB- Sanskrit : विशुद्ध , Viśuddha -RRB- | Neck region near spine | Sri Kalahastheeswara Swami Temple | Kalahasthi | | - | Anahata -LRB- Sanskrit : अनाहत , Anāhata -RRB- | Central channel behind spine | Kashi Vishwanath Temple | Varanasi | | - | Manipooragam -LRB- Sanskrit : मणिपूर , -RRB- | Spine directly behind the navel | Arunachaleshwarar Temple | Thiruvannamalai | | - | Swathistanam -LRB- Sanskrit : स्वाधिष्ठान , Svādhiṣṭhāna -RRB- | One 's own abode | Thiruvanaikaval | Trichy | | - | Moolatharam -LRB- Sanskrit : मूलाधार , Mūlādhāra -RRB- | Basal end of the spinal column | Thyagaraja Swamy Temple | Tiruvarur | | -RCB- Category : Shiva temples ", "The Temple of the Eastern Peak in Beijing is a Taoist temple in the Chaowai area , Chaoyang District , Beijing , China . The temple is dedicated to the Great Deity of the Eastern Peak . `` Eastern Peak '' is the cosmological name of Mount Tai , the easternmost and holiest of the Five Sacred Mountains of China . Founded during the Yuan dynasty , the Eastern Peak Temple is the largest temple of Zhengyi Taoism in Beijing and protected as a national cultural spot . The temple also hosts the Beijing Folk Customs Museum . ", "The Dome of the Rock -LRB- -LSB- قبة الصخرة , links = no -RSB- Qubbat al-Sakhrah , -LSB- כיפת הסלע , links = no -RSB- Kippat ha-Sela -RRB- is an Islamic shrine located on the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem . It was initially completed in 691 CE at the order of Umayyad Caliph Abd al-Malik during the Second Fitna , built on the site of the Roman temple of Jupiter Capitolinus , which had in turn been built on the site of Herod 's Temple , destroyed during the Roman Siege of Jerusalem in 70 CE . The original dome collapsed in 1015 and was rebuilt in 1022 -- 23 . The Dome of the Rock is in its core one of the oldest extant works of Islamic architecture . Its architecture and mosaics were patterned after nearby Byzantine churches and palaces , although its outside appearance has been significantly changed in the Ottoman period and again in the modern period , notably with the addition of the gold-plated roof , in 1959 -- 61 and again in 1993 . The octagonal plan of the structure may also have been influenced by the Byzantine Church of the Seat of Mary -LRB- also known as Kathisma in Greek and al-Qadismu in Arabic -RRB- built between 451 and 458 on the road between Jerusalem and Bethlehem . The site 's great significance for Muslims derives from traditions connecting it to the creation of the world and to the belief that the Prophet Muhammad 's Night Journey to heaven started from the rock at the center of the structure . The rock also bears great significance for Jews as the site of Abraham 's attempted sacrifice of his son . It has been called `` Jerusalem 's most recognizable landmark , '' and it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site , along with two nearby Temple Mount structures , the Western Wall , and the `` Resurrection Rotunda '' in the nearby Church of the Holy Sepulchre . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "Temple_Mount", "Temple_in_Jerusalem", "Aathara_Stalam", "Beijing_Dongyue_Temple", "Dome_of_the_Rock" ]

[ "The Temple Mount -LRB- הַר הַבַּיִת , Har HaBáyit , `` Mount of the House -LSB- of God , i.e. the Temple -RSB- '' -RRB- , known to Muslims as the Haram esh-Sharif -LRB- الحرم الشريف , al-Ḥaram al-Šarīf , `` the Noble Sanctuary '' , or الحرم القدسي الشريف , al-Ḥaram al-Qudsī al-Šarīf , `` the Noble Sanctuary of Jerusalem '' -RRB- , a hill located in the Old City of Jerusalem , is one of the most important religious sites in the world . It has been venerated as a holy site for thousands of years by Judaism , Christianity , and Islam . The present site is dominated by three monumental structures from the early Umayyad period : the al-Aqsa Mosque , the Dome of the Rock and the Dome of the Chain , as well as four minarets . Herodian walls and gates with additions dating back to the late Byzantine and early Islamic periods cut through the flanks of the Mount . Currently it can be reached through eleven gates , ten reserved for Muslims and one for non-Muslims , with guard posts of Israeli police in the vicinity of each . The Temple Mount is the holiest site in Judaism , which regards it as the place where God 's divine presence is manifested more than in any other place . According to the rabbinic sages whose debates produced the Talmud , it was from here the world expanded into its present form and where God gathered the dust used to create the first human , Adam . Since at least the first century CE , the site has been associated in Judaism with Mount Moriah -LRB- הַר הַמוריה , Har HaMōriyā -RRB- ; Mount Moriah is the name given by the Hebrew Bible to the location of Abraham 's binding of Isaac , this identification being perpetuated by Jewish and Christian tradition . Several passages in the Hebrew Bible indicate that during the time when they were written , the Temple Mount was identified as Mount Zion . The Mount Zion mentioned in the later parts of the Book of Isaiah , in the Book of Psalms , and the First Book of Maccabees -LRB- c. 2nd century BCE -RRB- seems to refer to the top of the hill , generally known as the Temple Mount . According to the Book of Samuel , Mount Zion was the site of the Jebusite fortress called the `` stronghold of Zion '' , but once the First Temple was erected , according to the Bible , at the top of the Eastern Hill -LRB- `` Temple Mount '' -RRB- , the name `` Mount Zion '' migrated there too . The name later migrated for a last time , this time to Jerusalem 's Western Hill . According to the Bible , both Jewish Temples stood at the Temple Mount , though archaeological evidence only exists for the Second Temple . However , the identification of Solomon 's Temple with the area of the Temple Mount is widespread . According to the Bible the site should function as the center of all national life -- a governmental , judicial and religious center . During the Second Temple period it functioned also as an economic center . According to Jewish tradition and scripture , the First Temple was built by King Solomon the son of King David in 957 BCE and destroyed by the Babylonians in 586 BCE . The second was constructed under the auspices of Zerubbabel in 516 BCE and destroyed by the Roman Empire in 70 CE . In the 2nd century , the site was used for a temple to Jupiter Capitolinus . It was redeveloped following the Arab conquest . Jewish tradition maintains it is here a Third and final Temple will also be built . The location is the holiest site in Judaism and is the place Jews turn towards during prayer . Due to its extreme sanctity , many Jews will not walk on the Mount itself , to avoid unintentionally entering the area where the Holy of Holies stood , since according to Rabbinical law , some aspect of the divine presence is still present at the site . It was from the Holy of Holies that the High Priest communicated directly with God . The Temple was of central importance in Jewish worship , in the Tanakh and the Christian Old Testament . In the New Testament it remains the site of several events in the life of Jesus , and Christian loyalty to it as a focal point remained long after his death . After the destruction of the Temple in 70 CE , which came to be regarded by early Christians , as it was by Josephus and the sages of the Jerusalem Talmud , to be a divine act of punishment for the sins of the Jewish people , the Temple Mount lost its significance for Christian worship with the Christians considering it a fulfillment of Christ 's prophecy at , for example , and . It was to this end , proof of a biblical prophecy fulfilled and of Christianity 's victory over Judaism with the New Covenant , that early Christian pilgrims also visited the site . Byzantine Christians , despite some signs of constructive work on the esplanade , generally neglected the Temple Mount , especially when a Jewish attempt to rebuild the Temple was destroyed by the earthquake in 363 . and it became a desolate local rubbish dump , perhaps outside the city limits , as Christian worship in Jerusalem shifted to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre , and Jerusalem 's centrality was replaced by Rome . Almost immediately after the Muslim conquest of Jerusalem in 638 CE , Caliph ` Omar ibn al Khatab , disgusted by the filth covering the site , had it thoroughly cleaned , and granted Jews access to the site . Among Sunni Muslims , the Mount is widely considered the third holiest site in Islam . Revered as the Noble Sanctuary , the location of Muhammad 's journey to Jerusalem and ascent to heaven , the site is also associated with Jewish biblical prophets who are also venerated in Islam . Muslims preferred to the esplanade as the heart for the Muslim quarter since it had been abandoned by Christians , to avoid disturbing the Christian quarters of Jerusalem . Umayyad Caliphs commissioned the construction of the al-Aqsa Mosque and Dome of the Rock on the site . The Dome was completed in 692 CE , making it one of the oldest extant Islamic structures in the world . The Al Aqsa Mosque rests on the far southern side of the Mount , facing Mecca . The Dome of the Rock currently sits in the middle , occupying or close to the area where the Holy Temple previously stood . In light of the dual claims of both Judaism and Islam , it is one of the most contested religious sites in the world . Since the Crusades , the Muslim community of Jerusalem has managed the site as a Waqf , without interruption . As the site is part of the Old City , controlled by Israel since 1967 , both Israel and the Palestinian Authority claim sovereignty over it , and it remains a major focal point of the Arab -- Israeli conflict . In an attempt to keep the status quo , the Israeli government enforces a controversial ban on prayer by non-Muslims . ", "The Temple in Jerusalem or Holy Temple -LRB- , Modern : Beit HaMikdash , Tiberian : Beiṯ HamMiqdāš , Ashkenazi : Beis HaMikdosh ; ቤተ መቅደስ : Betä Mäqdäs -RRB- was any of a series of structures which were located on the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem , the current site of the Dome of the Rock and Al-Aqsa Mosque . These successive temples stood at this location and functioned as a site of ancient Israelite and later Jewish worship . ", "Aathara Stalam indicates the places which are considered to be divine impersonations of Tantric chakras , associated with human anatomy . The Annamalaiyar temple is called the Manipooraga stalam , associated with `` Manipooraga '' , the human anatomical cause for spiritual ignorance , thirst , jealousy , treachery , shame , fear , disgust , delusion , foolishness and sadness . Five temples are located in Tamil Nadu , and one at Varanasi . -RCB- -RRB- | Brain directly behind eyebrow | Natarajar Temple | Chidambaram | | - | Visuthi -LRB- Sanskrit : विशुद्ध , Viśuddha -RRB- | Neck region near spine | Sri Kalahastheeswara Swami Temple | Kalahasthi | | - | Anahata -LRB- Sanskrit : अनाहत , Anāhata -RRB- | Central channel behind spine | Kashi Vishwanath Temple | Varanasi | | - | Manipooragam -LRB- Sanskrit : मणिपूर , -RRB- | Spine directly behind the navel | Arunachaleshwarar Temple | Thiruvannamalai | | - | Swathistanam -LRB- Sanskrit : स्वाधिष्ठान , Svādhiṣṭhāna -RRB- | One 's own abode | Thiruvanaikaval | Trichy | | - | Moolatharam -LRB- Sanskrit : मूलाधार , Mūlādhāra -RRB- | Basal end of the spinal column | Thyagaraja Swamy Temple | Tiruvarur | | -RCB- Category : Shiva temples ", "The Temple of the Eastern Peak in Beijing is a Taoist temple in the Chaowai area , Chaoyang District , Beijing , China . The temple is dedicated to the Great Deity of the Eastern Peak . `` Eastern Peak '' is the cosmological name of Mount Tai , the easternmost and holiest of the Five Sacred Mountains of China . Founded during the Yuan dynasty , the Eastern Peak Temple is the largest temple of Zhengyi Taoism in Beijing and protected as a national cultural spot . The temple also hosts the Beijing Folk Customs Museum . ", "The Dome of the Rock -LRB- -LSB- قبة الصخرة , links = no -RSB- Qubbat al-Sakhrah , -LSB- כיפת הסלע , links = no -RSB- Kippat ha-Sela -RRB- is an Islamic shrine located on the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem . It was initially completed in 691 CE at the order of Umayyad Caliph Abd al-Malik during the Second Fitna , built on the site of the Roman temple of Jupiter Capitolinus , which had in turn been built on the site of Herod 's Temple , destroyed during the Roman Siege of Jerusalem in 70 CE . The original dome collapsed in 1015 and was rebuilt in 1022 -- 23 . The Dome of the Rock is in its core one of the oldest extant works of Islamic architecture . Its architecture and mosaics were patterned after nearby Byzantine churches and palaces , although its outside appearance has been significantly changed in the Ottoman period and again in the modern period , notably with the addition of the gold-plated roof , in 1959 -- 61 and again in 1993 . The octagonal plan of the structure may also have been influenced by the Byzantine Church of the Seat of Mary -LRB- also known as Kathisma in Greek and al-Qadismu in Arabic -RRB- built between 451 and 458 on the road between Jerusalem and Bethlehem . The site 's great significance for Muslims derives from traditions connecting it to the creation of the world and to the belief that the Prophet Muhammad 's Night Journey to heaven started from the rock at the center of the structure . The rock also bears great significance for Jews as the site of Abraham 's attempted sacrifice of his son . It has been called `` Jerusalem 's most recognizable landmark , '' and it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site , along with two nearby Temple Mount structures , the Western Wall , and the `` Resurrection Rotunda '' in the nearby Church of the Holy Sepulchre . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "Temple_Mount", "Temple_in_Jerusalem", "Aathara_Stalam", "Beijing_Dongyue_Temple", "Dome_of_the_Rock" ]

[ "The Temple Mount -LRB- הַר הַבַּיִת , Har HaBáyit , `` Mount of the House -LSB- of God , i.e. the Temple -RSB- '' -RRB- , known to Muslims as the Haram esh-Sharif -LRB- الحرم الشريف , al-Ḥaram al-Šarīf , `` the Noble Sanctuary '' , or الحرم القدسي الشريف , al-Ḥaram al-Qudsī al-Šarīf , `` the Noble Sanctuary of Jerusalem '' -RRB- , a hill located in the Old City of Jerusalem , is one of the most important religious sites in the world . It has been venerated as a holy site for thousands of years by Judaism , Christianity , and Islam . The present site is dominated by three monumental structures from the early Umayyad period : the al-Aqsa Mosque , the Dome of the Rock and the Dome of the Chain , as well as four minarets . Herodian walls and gates with additions dating back to the late Byzantine and early Islamic periods cut through the flanks of the Mount . Currently it can be reached through eleven gates , ten reserved for Muslims and one for non-Muslims , with guard posts of Israeli police in the vicinity of each . The Temple Mount is the holiest site in Judaism , which regards it as the place where God 's divine presence is manifested more than in any other place . According to the rabbinic sages whose debates produced the Talmud , it was from here the world expanded into its present form and where God gathered the dust used to create the first human , Adam . Since at least the first century CE , the site has been associated in Judaism with Mount Moriah -LRB- הַר הַמוריה , Har HaMōriyā -RRB- ; Mount Moriah is the name given by the Hebrew Bible to the location of Abraham 's binding of Isaac , this identification being perpetuated by Jewish and Christian tradition . Several passages in the Hebrew Bible indicate that during the time when they were written , the Temple Mount was identified as Mount Zion . The Mount Zion mentioned in the later parts of the Book of Isaiah , in the Book of Psalms , and the First Book of Maccabees -LRB- c. 2nd century BCE -RRB- seems to refer to the top of the hill , generally known as the Temple Mount . According to the Book of Samuel , Mount Zion was the site of the Jebusite fortress called the `` stronghold of Zion '' , but once the First Temple was erected , according to the Bible , at the top of the Eastern Hill -LRB- `` Temple Mount '' -RRB- , the name `` Mount Zion '' migrated there too . The name later migrated for a last time , this time to Jerusalem 's Western Hill . According to the Bible , both Jewish Temples stood at the Temple Mount , though archaeological evidence only exists for the Second Temple . However , the identification of Solomon 's Temple with the area of the Temple Mount is widespread . According to the Bible the site should function as the center of all national life -- a governmental , judicial and religious center . During the Second Temple period it functioned also as an economic center . According to Jewish tradition and scripture , the First Temple was built by King Solomon the son of King David in 957 BCE and destroyed by the Babylonians in 586 BCE . The second was constructed under the auspices of Zerubbabel in 516 BCE and destroyed by the Roman Empire in 70 CE . In the 2nd century , the site was used for a temple to Jupiter Capitolinus . It was redeveloped following the Arab conquest . Jewish tradition maintains it is here a Third and final Temple will also be built . The location is the holiest site in Judaism and is the place Jews turn towards during prayer . Due to its extreme sanctity , many Jews will not walk on the Mount itself , to avoid unintentionally entering the area where the Holy of Holies stood , since according to Rabbinical law , some aspect of the divine presence is still present at the site . It was from the Holy of Holies that the High Priest communicated directly with God . The Temple was of central importance in Jewish worship , in the Tanakh and the Christian Old Testament . In the New Testament it remains the site of several events in the life of Jesus , and Christian loyalty to it as a focal point remained long after his death . After the destruction of the Temple in 70 CE , which came to be regarded by early Christians , as it was by Josephus and the sages of the Jerusalem Talmud , to be a divine act of punishment for the sins of the Jewish people , the Temple Mount lost its significance for Christian worship with the Christians considering it a fulfillment of Christ 's prophecy at , for example , and . It was to this end , proof of a biblical prophecy fulfilled and of Christianity 's victory over Judaism with the New Covenant , that early Christian pilgrims also visited the site . Byzantine Christians , despite some signs of constructive work on the esplanade , generally neglected the Temple Mount , especially when a Jewish attempt to rebuild the Temple was destroyed by the earthquake in 363 . and it became a desolate local rubbish dump , perhaps outside the city limits , as Christian worship in Jerusalem shifted to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre , and Jerusalem 's centrality was replaced by Rome . Almost immediately after the Muslim conquest of Jerusalem in 638 CE , Caliph ` Omar ibn al Khatab , disgusted by the filth covering the site , had it thoroughly cleaned , and granted Jews access to the site . Among Sunni Muslims , the Mount is widely considered the third holiest site in Islam . Revered as the Noble Sanctuary , the location of Muhammad 's journey to Jerusalem and ascent to heaven , the site is also associated with Jewish biblical prophets who are also venerated in Islam . Muslims preferred to the esplanade as the heart for the Muslim quarter since it had been abandoned by Christians , to avoid disturbing the Christian quarters of Jerusalem . Umayyad Caliphs commissioned the construction of the al-Aqsa Mosque and Dome of the Rock on the site . The Dome was completed in 692 CE , making it one of the oldest extant Islamic structures in the world . The Al Aqsa Mosque rests on the far southern side of the Mount , facing Mecca . The Dome of the Rock currently sits in the middle , occupying or close to the area where the Holy Temple previously stood . In light of the dual claims of both Judaism and Islam , it is one of the most contested religious sites in the world . Since the Crusades , the Muslim community of Jerusalem has managed the site as a Waqf , without interruption . As the site is part of the Old City , controlled by Israel since 1967 , both Israel and the Palestinian Authority claim sovereignty over it , and it remains a major focal point of the Arab -- Israeli conflict . In an attempt to keep the status quo , the Israeli government enforces a controversial ban on prayer by non-Muslims . ", "The Temple in Jerusalem or Holy Temple -LRB- , Modern : Beit HaMikdash , Tiberian : Beiṯ HamMiqdāš , Ashkenazi : Beis HaMikdosh ; ቤተ መቅደስ : Betä Mäqdäs -RRB- was any of a series of structures which were located on the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem , the current site of the Dome of the Rock and Al-Aqsa Mosque . These successive temples stood at this location and functioned as a site of ancient Israelite and later Jewish worship . ", "Aathara Stalam indicates the places which are considered to be divine impersonations of Tantric chakras , associated with human anatomy . The Annamalaiyar temple is called the Manipooraga stalam , associated with `` Manipooraga '' , the human anatomical cause for spiritual ignorance , thirst , jealousy , treachery , shame , fear , disgust , delusion , foolishness and sadness . Five temples are located in Tamil Nadu , and one at Varanasi . -RCB- -RRB- | Brain directly behind eyebrow | Natarajar Temple | Chidambaram | | - | Visuthi -LRB- Sanskrit : विशुद्ध , Viśuddha -RRB- | Neck region near spine | Sri Kalahastheeswara Swami Temple | Kalahasthi | | - | Anahata -LRB- Sanskrit : अनाहत , Anāhata -RRB- | Central channel behind spine | Kashi Vishwanath Temple | Varanasi | | - | Manipooragam -LRB- Sanskrit : मणिपूर , -RRB- | Spine directly behind the navel | Arunachaleshwarar Temple | Thiruvannamalai | | - | Swathistanam -LRB- Sanskrit : स्वाधिष्ठान , Svādhiṣṭhāna -RRB- | One 's own abode | Thiruvanaikaval | Trichy | | - | Moolatharam -LRB- Sanskrit : मूलाधार , Mūlādhāra -RRB- | Basal end of the spinal column | Thyagaraja Swamy Temple | Tiruvarur | | -RCB- Category : Shiva temples ", "The Temple of the Eastern Peak in Beijing is a Taoist temple in the Chaowai area , Chaoyang District , Beijing , China . The temple is dedicated to the Great Deity of the Eastern Peak . `` Eastern Peak '' is the cosmological name of Mount Tai , the easternmost and holiest of the Five Sacred Mountains of China . Founded during the Yuan dynasty , the Eastern Peak Temple is the largest temple of Zhengyi Taoism in Beijing and protected as a national cultural spot . The temple also hosts the Beijing Folk Customs Museum . ", "The Dome of the Rock -LRB- -LSB- قبة الصخرة , links = no -RSB- Qubbat al-Sakhrah , -LSB- כיפת הסלע , links = no -RSB- Kippat ha-Sela -RRB- is an Islamic shrine located on the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem . It was initially completed in 691 CE at the order of Umayyad Caliph Abd al-Malik during the Second Fitna , built on the site of the Roman temple of Jupiter Capitolinus , which had in turn been built on the site of Herod 's Temple , destroyed during the Roman Siege of Jerusalem in 70 CE . The original dome collapsed in 1015 and was rebuilt in 1022 -- 23 . The Dome of the Rock is in its core one of the oldest extant works of Islamic architecture . Its architecture and mosaics were patterned after nearby Byzantine churches and palaces , although its outside appearance has been significantly changed in the Ottoman period and again in the modern period , notably with the addition of the gold-plated roof , in 1959 -- 61 and again in 1993 . The octagonal plan of the structure may also have been influenced by the Byzantine Church of the Seat of Mary -LRB- also known as Kathisma in Greek and al-Qadismu in Arabic -RRB- built between 451 and 458 on the road between Jerusalem and Bethlehem . The site 's great significance for Muslims derives from traditions connecting it to the creation of the world and to the belief that the Prophet Muhammad 's Night Journey to heaven started from the rock at the center of the structure . The rock also bears great significance for Jews as the site of Abraham 's attempted sacrifice of his son . It has been called `` Jerusalem 's most recognizable landmark , '' and it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site , along with two nearby Temple Mount structures , the Western Wall , and the `` Resurrection Rotunda '' in the nearby Church of the Holy Sepulchre . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "Temple_Mount", "Temple_in_Jerusalem", "Aathara_Stalam", "Beijing_Dongyue_Temple", "Dome_of_the_Rock" ]

[ "The Temple Mount -LRB- הַר הַבַּיִת , Har HaBáyit , `` Mount of the House -LSB- of God , i.e. the Temple -RSB- '' -RRB- , known to Muslims as the Haram esh-Sharif -LRB- الحرم الشريف , al-Ḥaram al-Šarīf , `` the Noble Sanctuary '' , or الحرم القدسي الشريف , al-Ḥaram al-Qudsī al-Šarīf , `` the Noble Sanctuary of Jerusalem '' -RRB- , a hill located in the Old City of Jerusalem , is one of the most important religious sites in the world . It has been venerated as a holy site for thousands of years by Judaism , Christianity , and Islam . The present site is dominated by three monumental structures from the early Umayyad period : the al-Aqsa Mosque , the Dome of the Rock and the Dome of the Chain , as well as four minarets . Herodian walls and gates with additions dating back to the late Byzantine and early Islamic periods cut through the flanks of the Mount . Currently it can be reached through eleven gates , ten reserved for Muslims and one for non-Muslims , with guard posts of Israeli police in the vicinity of each . The Temple Mount is the holiest site in Judaism , which regards it as the place where God 's divine presence is manifested more than in any other place . According to the rabbinic sages whose debates produced the Talmud , it was from here the world expanded into its present form and where God gathered the dust used to create the first human , Adam . Since at least the first century CE , the site has been associated in Judaism with Mount Moriah -LRB- הַר הַמוריה , Har HaMōriyā -RRB- ; Mount Moriah is the name given by the Hebrew Bible to the location of Abraham 's binding of Isaac , this identification being perpetuated by Jewish and Christian tradition . Several passages in the Hebrew Bible indicate that during the time when they were written , the Temple Mount was identified as Mount Zion . The Mount Zion mentioned in the later parts of the Book of Isaiah , in the Book of Psalms , and the First Book of Maccabees -LRB- c. 2nd century BCE -RRB- seems to refer to the top of the hill , generally known as the Temple Mount . According to the Book of Samuel , Mount Zion was the site of the Jebusite fortress called the `` stronghold of Zion '' , but once the First Temple was erected , according to the Bible , at the top of the Eastern Hill -LRB- `` Temple Mount '' -RRB- , the name `` Mount Zion '' migrated there too . The name later migrated for a last time , this time to Jerusalem 's Western Hill . According to the Bible , both Jewish Temples stood at the Temple Mount , though archaeological evidence only exists for the Second Temple . However , the identification of Solomon 's Temple with the area of the Temple Mount is widespread . According to the Bible the site should function as the center of all national life -- a governmental , judicial and religious center . During the Second Temple period it functioned also as an economic center . According to Jewish tradition and scripture , the First Temple was built by King Solomon the son of King David in 957 BCE and destroyed by the Babylonians in 586 BCE . The second was constructed under the auspices of Zerubbabel in 516 BCE and destroyed by the Roman Empire in 70 CE . In the 2nd century , the site was used for a temple to Jupiter Capitolinus . It was redeveloped following the Arab conquest . Jewish tradition maintains it is here a Third and final Temple will also be built . The location is the holiest site in Judaism and is the place Jews turn towards during prayer . Due to its extreme sanctity , many Jews will not walk on the Mount itself , to avoid unintentionally entering the area where the Holy of Holies stood , since according to Rabbinical law , some aspect of the divine presence is still present at the site . It was from the Holy of Holies that the High Priest communicated directly with God . The Temple was of central importance in Jewish worship , in the Tanakh and the Christian Old Testament . In the New Testament it remains the site of several events in the life of Jesus , and Christian loyalty to it as a focal point remained long after his death . After the destruction of the Temple in 70 CE , which came to be regarded by early Christians , as it was by Josephus and the sages of the Jerusalem Talmud , to be a divine act of punishment for the sins of the Jewish people , the Temple Mount lost its significance for Christian worship with the Christians considering it a fulfillment of Christ 's prophecy at , for example , and . It was to this end , proof of a biblical prophecy fulfilled and of Christianity 's victory over Judaism with the New Covenant , that early Christian pilgrims also visited the site . Byzantine Christians , despite some signs of constructive work on the esplanade , generally neglected the Temple Mount , especially when a Jewish attempt to rebuild the Temple was destroyed by the earthquake in 363 . and it became a desolate local rubbish dump , perhaps outside the city limits , as Christian worship in Jerusalem shifted to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre , and Jerusalem 's centrality was replaced by Rome . Almost immediately after the Muslim conquest of Jerusalem in 638 CE , Caliph ` Omar ibn al Khatab , disgusted by the filth covering the site , had it thoroughly cleaned , and granted Jews access to the site . Among Sunni Muslims , the Mount is widely considered the third holiest site in Islam . Revered as the Noble Sanctuary , the location of Muhammad 's journey to Jerusalem and ascent to heaven , the site is also associated with Jewish biblical prophets who are also venerated in Islam . Muslims preferred to the esplanade as the heart for the Muslim quarter since it had been abandoned by Christians , to avoid disturbing the Christian quarters of Jerusalem . Umayyad Caliphs commissioned the construction of the al-Aqsa Mosque and Dome of the Rock on the site . The Dome was completed in 692 CE , making it one of the oldest extant Islamic structures in the world . The Al Aqsa Mosque rests on the far southern side of the Mount , facing Mecca . The Dome of the Rock currently sits in the middle , occupying or close to the area where the Holy Temple previously stood . In light of the dual claims of both Judaism and Islam , it is one of the most contested religious sites in the world . Since the Crusades , the Muslim community of Jerusalem has managed the site as a Waqf , without interruption . As the site is part of the Old City , controlled by Israel since 1967 , both Israel and the Palestinian Authority claim sovereignty over it , and it remains a major focal point of the Arab -- Israeli conflict . In an attempt to keep the status quo , the Israeli government enforces a controversial ban on prayer by non-Muslims . ", "The Temple in Jerusalem or Holy Temple -LRB- , Modern : Beit HaMikdash , Tiberian : Beiṯ HamMiqdāš , Ashkenazi : Beis HaMikdosh ; ቤተ መቅደስ : Betä Mäqdäs -RRB- was any of a series of structures which were located on the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem , the current site of the Dome of the Rock and Al-Aqsa Mosque . These successive temples stood at this location and functioned as a site of ancient Israelite and later Jewish worship . ", "Aathara Stalam indicates the places which are considered to be divine impersonations of Tantric chakras , associated with human anatomy . The Annamalaiyar temple is called the Manipooraga stalam , associated with `` Manipooraga '' , the human anatomical cause for spiritual ignorance , thirst , jealousy , treachery , shame , fear , disgust , delusion , foolishness and sadness . Five temples are located in Tamil Nadu , and one at Varanasi . -RCB- -RRB- | Brain directly behind eyebrow | Natarajar Temple | Chidambaram | | - | Visuthi -LRB- Sanskrit : विशुद्ध , Viśuddha -RRB- | Neck region near spine | Sri Kalahastheeswara Swami Temple | Kalahasthi | | - | Anahata -LRB- Sanskrit : अनाहत , Anāhata -RRB- | Central channel behind spine | Kashi Vishwanath Temple | Varanasi | | - | Manipooragam -LRB- Sanskrit : मणिपूर , -RRB- | Spine directly behind the navel | Arunachaleshwarar Temple | Thiruvannamalai | | - | Swathistanam -LRB- Sanskrit : स्वाधिष्ठान , Svādhiṣṭhāna -RRB- | One 's own abode | Thiruvanaikaval | Trichy | | - | Moolatharam -LRB- Sanskrit : मूलाधार , Mūlādhāra -RRB- | Basal end of the spinal column | Thyagaraja Swamy Temple | Tiruvarur | | -RCB- Category : Shiva temples ", "The Temple of the Eastern Peak in Beijing is a Taoist temple in the Chaowai area , Chaoyang District , Beijing , China . The temple is dedicated to the Great Deity of the Eastern Peak . `` Eastern Peak '' is the cosmological name of Mount Tai , the easternmost and holiest of the Five Sacred Mountains of China . Founded during the Yuan dynasty , the Eastern Peak Temple is the largest temple of Zhengyi Taoism in Beijing and protected as a national cultural spot . The temple also hosts the Beijing Folk Customs Museum . ", "The Dome of the Rock -LRB- -LSB- قبة الصخرة , links = no -RSB- Qubbat al-Sakhrah , -LSB- כיפת הסלע , links = no -RSB- Kippat ha-Sela -RRB- is an Islamic shrine located on the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem . It was initially completed in 691 CE at the order of Umayyad Caliph Abd al-Malik during the Second Fitna , built on the site of the Roman temple of Jupiter Capitolinus , which had in turn been built on the site of Herod 's Temple , destroyed during the Roman Siege of Jerusalem in 70 CE . The original dome collapsed in 1015 and was rebuilt in 1022 -- 23 . The Dome of the Rock is in its core one of the oldest extant works of Islamic architecture . Its architecture and mosaics were patterned after nearby Byzantine churches and palaces , although its outside appearance has been significantly changed in the Ottoman period and again in the modern period , notably with the addition of the gold-plated roof , in 1959 -- 61 and again in 1993 . The octagonal plan of the structure may also have been influenced by the Byzantine Church of the Seat of Mary -LRB- also known as Kathisma in Greek and al-Qadismu in Arabic -RRB- built between 451 and 458 on the road between Jerusalem and Bethlehem . The site 's great significance for Muslims derives from traditions connecting it to the creation of the world and to the belief that the Prophet Muhammad 's Night Journey to heaven started from the rock at the center of the structure . The rock also bears great significance for Jews as the site of Abraham 's attempted sacrifice of his son . It has been called `` Jerusalem 's most recognizable landmark , '' and it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site , along with two nearby Temple Mount structures , the Western Wall , and the `` Resurrection Rotunda '' in the nearby Church of the Holy Sepulchre . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "Temple_Mount", "Temple_in_Jerusalem", "Aathara_Stalam", "Beijing_Dongyue_Temple", "Dome_of_the_Rock" ]

[ "The Temple Mount -LRB- הַר הַבַּיִת , Har HaBáyit , `` Mount of the House -LSB- of God , i.e. the Temple -RSB- '' -RRB- , known to Muslims as the Haram esh-Sharif -LRB- الحرم الشريف , al-Ḥaram al-Šarīf , `` the Noble Sanctuary '' , or الحرم القدسي الشريف , al-Ḥaram al-Qudsī al-Šarīf , `` the Noble Sanctuary of Jerusalem '' -RRB- , a hill located in the Old City of Jerusalem , is one of the most important religious sites in the world . It has been venerated as a holy site for thousands of years by Judaism , Christianity , and Islam . The present site is dominated by three monumental structures from the early Umayyad period : the al-Aqsa Mosque , the Dome of the Rock and the Dome of the Chain , as well as four minarets . Herodian walls and gates with additions dating back to the late Byzantine and early Islamic periods cut through the flanks of the Mount . Currently it can be reached through eleven gates , ten reserved for Muslims and one for non-Muslims , with guard posts of Israeli police in the vicinity of each . The Temple Mount is the holiest site in Judaism , which regards it as the place where God 's divine presence is manifested more than in any other place . According to the rabbinic sages whose debates produced the Talmud , it was from here the world expanded into its present form and where God gathered the dust used to create the first human , Adam . Since at least the first century CE , the site has been associated in Judaism with Mount Moriah -LRB- הַר הַמוריה , Har HaMōriyā -RRB- ; Mount Moriah is the name given by the Hebrew Bible to the location of Abraham 's binding of Isaac , this identification being perpetuated by Jewish and Christian tradition . Several passages in the Hebrew Bible indicate that during the time when they were written , the Temple Mount was identified as Mount Zion . The Mount Zion mentioned in the later parts of the Book of Isaiah , in the Book of Psalms , and the First Book of Maccabees -LRB- c. 2nd century BCE -RRB- seems to refer to the top of the hill , generally known as the Temple Mount . According to the Book of Samuel , Mount Zion was the site of the Jebusite fortress called the `` stronghold of Zion '' , but once the First Temple was erected , according to the Bible , at the top of the Eastern Hill -LRB- `` Temple Mount '' -RRB- , the name `` Mount Zion '' migrated there too . The name later migrated for a last time , this time to Jerusalem 's Western Hill . According to the Bible , both Jewish Temples stood at the Temple Mount , though archaeological evidence only exists for the Second Temple . However , the identification of Solomon 's Temple with the area of the Temple Mount is widespread . According to the Bible the site should function as the center of all national life -- a governmental , judicial and religious center . During the Second Temple period it functioned also as an economic center . According to Jewish tradition and scripture , the First Temple was built by King Solomon the son of King David in 957 BCE and destroyed by the Babylonians in 586 BCE . The second was constructed under the auspices of Zerubbabel in 516 BCE and destroyed by the Roman Empire in 70 CE . In the 2nd century , the site was used for a temple to Jupiter Capitolinus . It was redeveloped following the Arab conquest . Jewish tradition maintains it is here a Third and final Temple will also be built . The location is the holiest site in Judaism and is the place Jews turn towards during prayer . Due to its extreme sanctity , many Jews will not walk on the Mount itself , to avoid unintentionally entering the area where the Holy of Holies stood , since according to Rabbinical law , some aspect of the divine presence is still present at the site . It was from the Holy of Holies that the High Priest communicated directly with God . The Temple was of central importance in Jewish worship , in the Tanakh and the Christian Old Testament . In the New Testament it remains the site of several events in the life of Jesus , and Christian loyalty to it as a focal point remained long after his death . After the destruction of the Temple in 70 CE , which came to be regarded by early Christians , as it was by Josephus and the sages of the Jerusalem Talmud , to be a divine act of punishment for the sins of the Jewish people , the Temple Mount lost its significance for Christian worship with the Christians considering it a fulfillment of Christ 's prophecy at , for example , and . It was to this end , proof of a biblical prophecy fulfilled and of Christianity 's victory over Judaism with the New Covenant , that early Christian pilgrims also visited the site . Byzantine Christians , despite some signs of constructive work on the esplanade , generally neglected the Temple Mount , especially when a Jewish attempt to rebuild the Temple was destroyed by the earthquake in 363 . and it became a desolate local rubbish dump , perhaps outside the city limits , as Christian worship in Jerusalem shifted to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre , and Jerusalem 's centrality was replaced by Rome . Almost immediately after the Muslim conquest of Jerusalem in 638 CE , Caliph ` Omar ibn al Khatab , disgusted by the filth covering the site , had it thoroughly cleaned , and granted Jews access to the site . Among Sunni Muslims , the Mount is widely considered the third holiest site in Islam . Revered as the Noble Sanctuary , the location of Muhammad 's journey to Jerusalem and ascent to heaven , the site is also associated with Jewish biblical prophets who are also venerated in Islam . Muslims preferred to the esplanade as the heart for the Muslim quarter since it had been abandoned by Christians , to avoid disturbing the Christian quarters of Jerusalem . Umayyad Caliphs commissioned the construction of the al-Aqsa Mosque and Dome of the Rock on the site . The Dome was completed in 692 CE , making it one of the oldest extant Islamic structures in the world . The Al Aqsa Mosque rests on the far southern side of the Mount , facing Mecca . The Dome of the Rock currently sits in the middle , occupying or close to the area where the Holy Temple previously stood . In light of the dual claims of both Judaism and Islam , it is one of the most contested religious sites in the world . Since the Crusades , the Muslim community of Jerusalem has managed the site as a Waqf , without interruption . As the site is part of the Old City , controlled by Israel since 1967 , both Israel and the Palestinian Authority claim sovereignty over it , and it remains a major focal point of the Arab -- Israeli conflict . In an attempt to keep the status quo , the Israeli government enforces a controversial ban on prayer by non-Muslims . ", "The Temple in Jerusalem or Holy Temple -LRB- , Modern : Beit HaMikdash , Tiberian : Beiṯ HamMiqdāš , Ashkenazi : Beis HaMikdosh ; ቤተ መቅደስ : Betä Mäqdäs -RRB- was any of a series of structures which were located on the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem , the current site of the Dome of the Rock and Al-Aqsa Mosque . These successive temples stood at this location and functioned as a site of ancient Israelite and later Jewish worship . ", "Aathara Stalam indicates the places which are considered to be divine impersonations of Tantric chakras , associated with human anatomy . The Annamalaiyar temple is called the Manipooraga stalam , associated with `` Manipooraga '' , the human anatomical cause for spiritual ignorance , thirst , jealousy , treachery , shame , fear , disgust , delusion , foolishness and sadness . Five temples are located in Tamil Nadu , and one at Varanasi . -RCB- -RRB- | Brain directly behind eyebrow | Natarajar Temple | Chidambaram | | - | Visuthi -LRB- Sanskrit : विशुद्ध , Viśuddha -RRB- | Neck region near spine | Sri Kalahastheeswara Swami Temple | Kalahasthi | | - | Anahata -LRB- Sanskrit : अनाहत , Anāhata -RRB- | Central channel behind spine | Kashi Vishwanath Temple | Varanasi | | - | Manipooragam -LRB- Sanskrit : मणिपूर , -RRB- | Spine directly behind the navel | Arunachaleshwarar Temple | Thiruvannamalai | | - | Swathistanam -LRB- Sanskrit : स्वाधिष्ठान , Svādhiṣṭhāna -RRB- | One 's own abode | Thiruvanaikaval | Trichy | | - | Moolatharam -LRB- Sanskrit : मूलाधार , Mūlādhāra -RRB- | Basal end of the spinal column | Thyagaraja Swamy Temple | Tiruvarur | | -RCB- Category : Shiva temples ", "The Temple of the Eastern Peak in Beijing is a Taoist temple in the Chaowai area , Chaoyang District , Beijing , China . The temple is dedicated to the Great Deity of the Eastern Peak . `` Eastern Peak '' is the cosmological name of Mount Tai , the easternmost and holiest of the Five Sacred Mountains of China . Founded during the Yuan dynasty , the Eastern Peak Temple is the largest temple of Zhengyi Taoism in Beijing and protected as a national cultural spot . The temple also hosts the Beijing Folk Customs Museum . ", "The Dome of the Rock -LRB- -LSB- قبة الصخرة , links = no -RSB- Qubbat al-Sakhrah , -LSB- כיפת הסלע , links = no -RSB- Kippat ha-Sela -RRB- is an Islamic shrine located on the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem . It was initially completed in 691 CE at the order of Umayyad Caliph Abd al-Malik during the Second Fitna , built on the site of the Roman temple of Jupiter Capitolinus , which had in turn been built on the site of Herod 's Temple , destroyed during the Roman Siege of Jerusalem in 70 CE . The original dome collapsed in 1015 and was rebuilt in 1022 -- 23 . The Dome of the Rock is in its core one of the oldest extant works of Islamic architecture . Its architecture and mosaics were patterned after nearby Byzantine churches and palaces , although its outside appearance has been significantly changed in the Ottoman period and again in the modern period , notably with the addition of the gold-plated roof , in 1959 -- 61 and again in 1993 . The octagonal plan of the structure may also have been influenced by the Byzantine Church of the Seat of Mary -LRB- also known as Kathisma in Greek and al-Qadismu in Arabic -RRB- built between 451 and 458 on the road between Jerusalem and Bethlehem . The site 's great significance for Muslims derives from traditions connecting it to the creation of the world and to the belief that the Prophet Muhammad 's Night Journey to heaven started from the rock at the center of the structure . The rock also bears great significance for Jews as the site of Abraham 's attempted sacrifice of his son . It has been called `` Jerusalem 's most recognizable landmark , '' and it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site , along with two nearby Temple Mount structures , the Western Wall , and the `` Resurrection Rotunda '' in the nearby Church of the Holy Sepulchre . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "Temple_Mount", "Temple_in_Jerusalem", "Aathara_Stalam", "Beijing_Dongyue_Temple", "Dome_of_the_Rock" ]

[ "The Temple Mount -LRB- הַר הַבַּיִת , Har HaBáyit , `` Mount of the House -LSB- of God , i.e. the Temple -RSB- '' -RRB- , known to Muslims as the Haram esh-Sharif -LRB- الحرم الشريف , al-Ḥaram al-Šarīf , `` the Noble Sanctuary '' , or الحرم القدسي الشريف , al-Ḥaram al-Qudsī al-Šarīf , `` the Noble Sanctuary of Jerusalem '' -RRB- , a hill located in the Old City of Jerusalem , is one of the most important religious sites in the world . It has been venerated as a holy site for thousands of years by Judaism , Christianity , and Islam . The present site is dominated by three monumental structures from the early Umayyad period : the al-Aqsa Mosque , the Dome of the Rock and the Dome of the Chain , as well as four minarets . Herodian walls and gates with additions dating back to the late Byzantine and early Islamic periods cut through the flanks of the Mount . Currently it can be reached through eleven gates , ten reserved for Muslims and one for non-Muslims , with guard posts of Israeli police in the vicinity of each . The Temple Mount is the holiest site in Judaism , which regards it as the place where God 's divine presence is manifested more than in any other place . According to the rabbinic sages whose debates produced the Talmud , it was from here the world expanded into its present form and where God gathered the dust used to create the first human , Adam . Since at least the first century CE , the site has been associated in Judaism with Mount Moriah -LRB- הַר הַמוריה , Har HaMōriyā -RRB- ; Mount Moriah is the name given by the Hebrew Bible to the location of Abraham 's binding of Isaac , this identification being perpetuated by Jewish and Christian tradition . Several passages in the Hebrew Bible indicate that during the time when they were written , the Temple Mount was identified as Mount Zion . The Mount Zion mentioned in the later parts of the Book of Isaiah , in the Book of Psalms , and the First Book of Maccabees -LRB- c. 2nd century BCE -RRB- seems to refer to the top of the hill , generally known as the Temple Mount . According to the Book of Samuel , Mount Zion was the site of the Jebusite fortress called the `` stronghold of Zion '' , but once the First Temple was erected , according to the Bible , at the top of the Eastern Hill -LRB- `` Temple Mount '' -RRB- , the name `` Mount Zion '' migrated there too . The name later migrated for a last time , this time to Jerusalem 's Western Hill . According to the Bible , both Jewish Temples stood at the Temple Mount , though archaeological evidence only exists for the Second Temple . However , the identification of Solomon 's Temple with the area of the Temple Mount is widespread . According to the Bible the site should function as the center of all national life -- a governmental , judicial and religious center . During the Second Temple period it functioned also as an economic center . According to Jewish tradition and scripture , the First Temple was built by King Solomon the son of King David in 957 BCE and destroyed by the Babylonians in 586 BCE . The second was constructed under the auspices of Zerubbabel in 516 BCE and destroyed by the Roman Empire in 70 CE . In the 2nd century , the site was used for a temple to Jupiter Capitolinus . It was redeveloped following the Arab conquest . Jewish tradition maintains it is here a Third and final Temple will also be built . The location is the holiest site in Judaism and is the place Jews turn towards during prayer . Due to its extreme sanctity , many Jews will not walk on the Mount itself , to avoid unintentionally entering the area where the Holy of Holies stood , since according to Rabbinical law , some aspect of the divine presence is still present at the site . It was from the Holy of Holies that the High Priest communicated directly with God . The Temple was of central importance in Jewish worship , in the Tanakh and the Christian Old Testament . In the New Testament it remains the site of several events in the life of Jesus , and Christian loyalty to it as a focal point remained long after his death . After the destruction of the Temple in 70 CE , which came to be regarded by early Christians , as it was by Josephus and the sages of the Jerusalem Talmud , to be a divine act of punishment for the sins of the Jewish people , the Temple Mount lost its significance for Christian worship with the Christians considering it a fulfillment of Christ 's prophecy at , for example , and . It was to this end , proof of a biblical prophecy fulfilled and of Christianity 's victory over Judaism with the New Covenant , that early Christian pilgrims also visited the site . Byzantine Christians , despite some signs of constructive work on the esplanade , generally neglected the Temple Mount , especially when a Jewish attempt to rebuild the Temple was destroyed by the earthquake in 363 . and it became a desolate local rubbish dump , perhaps outside the city limits , as Christian worship in Jerusalem shifted to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre , and Jerusalem 's centrality was replaced by Rome . Almost immediately after the Muslim conquest of Jerusalem in 638 CE , Caliph ` Omar ibn al Khatab , disgusted by the filth covering the site , had it thoroughly cleaned , and granted Jews access to the site . Among Sunni Muslims , the Mount is widely considered the third holiest site in Islam . Revered as the Noble Sanctuary , the location of Muhammad 's journey to Jerusalem and ascent to heaven , the site is also associated with Jewish biblical prophets who are also venerated in Islam . Muslims preferred to the esplanade as the heart for the Muslim quarter since it had been abandoned by Christians , to avoid disturbing the Christian quarters of Jerusalem . Umayyad Caliphs commissioned the construction of the al-Aqsa Mosque and Dome of the Rock on the site . The Dome was completed in 692 CE , making it one of the oldest extant Islamic structures in the world . The Al Aqsa Mosque rests on the far southern side of the Mount , facing Mecca . The Dome of the Rock currently sits in the middle , occupying or close to the area where the Holy Temple previously stood . In light of the dual claims of both Judaism and Islam , it is one of the most contested religious sites in the world . Since the Crusades , the Muslim community of Jerusalem has managed the site as a Waqf , without interruption . As the site is part of the Old City , controlled by Israel since 1967 , both Israel and the Palestinian Authority claim sovereignty over it , and it remains a major focal point of the Arab -- Israeli conflict . In an attempt to keep the status quo , the Israeli government enforces a controversial ban on prayer by non-Muslims . ", "The Temple in Jerusalem or Holy Temple -LRB- , Modern : Beit HaMikdash , Tiberian : Beiṯ HamMiqdāš , Ashkenazi : Beis HaMikdosh ; ቤተ መቅደስ : Betä Mäqdäs -RRB- was any of a series of structures which were located on the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem , the current site of the Dome of the Rock and Al-Aqsa Mosque . These successive temples stood at this location and functioned as a site of ancient Israelite and later Jewish worship . ", "Aathara Stalam indicates the places which are considered to be divine impersonations of Tantric chakras , associated with human anatomy . The Annamalaiyar temple is called the Manipooraga stalam , associated with `` Manipooraga '' , the human anatomical cause for spiritual ignorance , thirst , jealousy , treachery , shame , fear , disgust , delusion , foolishness and sadness . Five temples are located in Tamil Nadu , and one at Varanasi . -RCB- -RRB- | Brain directly behind eyebrow | Natarajar Temple | Chidambaram | | - | Visuthi -LRB- Sanskrit : विशुद्ध , Viśuddha -RRB- | Neck region near spine | Sri Kalahastheeswara Swami Temple | Kalahasthi | | - | Anahata -LRB- Sanskrit : अनाहत , Anāhata -RRB- | Central channel behind spine | Kashi Vishwanath Temple | Varanasi | | - | Manipooragam -LRB- Sanskrit : मणिपूर , -RRB- | Spine directly behind the navel | Arunachaleshwarar Temple | Thiruvannamalai | | - | Swathistanam -LRB- Sanskrit : स्वाधिष्ठान , Svādhiṣṭhāna -RRB- | One 's own abode | Thiruvanaikaval | Trichy | | - | Moolatharam -LRB- Sanskrit : मूलाधार , Mūlādhāra -RRB- | Basal end of the spinal column | Thyagaraja Swamy Temple | Tiruvarur | | -RCB- Category : Shiva temples ", "The Temple of the Eastern Peak in Beijing is a Taoist temple in the Chaowai area , Chaoyang District , Beijing , China . The temple is dedicated to the Great Deity of the Eastern Peak . `` Eastern Peak '' is the cosmological name of Mount Tai , the easternmost and holiest of the Five Sacred Mountains of China . Founded during the Yuan dynasty , the Eastern Peak Temple is the largest temple of Zhengyi Taoism in Beijing and protected as a national cultural spot . The temple also hosts the Beijing Folk Customs Museum . ", "The Dome of the Rock -LRB- -LSB- قبة الصخرة , links = no -RSB- Qubbat al-Sakhrah , -LSB- כיפת הסלע , links = no -RSB- Kippat ha-Sela -RRB- is an Islamic shrine located on the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem . It was initially completed in 691 CE at the order of Umayyad Caliph Abd al-Malik during the Second Fitna , built on the site of the Roman temple of Jupiter Capitolinus , which had in turn been built on the site of Herod 's Temple , destroyed during the Roman Siege of Jerusalem in 70 CE . The original dome collapsed in 1015 and was rebuilt in 1022 -- 23 . The Dome of the Rock is in its core one of the oldest extant works of Islamic architecture . Its architecture and mosaics were patterned after nearby Byzantine churches and palaces , although its outside appearance has been significantly changed in the Ottoman period and again in the modern period , notably with the addition of the gold-plated roof , in 1959 -- 61 and again in 1993 . The octagonal plan of the structure may also have been influenced by the Byzantine Church of the Seat of Mary -LRB- also known as Kathisma in Greek and al-Qadismu in Arabic -RRB- built between 451 and 458 on the road between Jerusalem and Bethlehem . The site 's great significance for Muslims derives from traditions connecting it to the creation of the world and to the belief that the Prophet Muhammad 's Night Journey to heaven started from the rock at the center of the structure . The rock also bears great significance for Jews as the site of Abraham 's attempted sacrifice of his son . It has been called `` Jerusalem 's most recognizable landmark , '' and it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site , along with two nearby Temple Mount structures , the Western Wall , and the `` Resurrection Rotunda '' in the nearby Church of the Holy Sepulchre . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "Temple_Mount", "Temple_in_Jerusalem", "Aathara_Stalam", "Beijing_Dongyue_Temple", "Dome_of_the_Rock" ]

[ "The Temple Mount -LRB- הַר הַבַּיִת , Har HaBáyit , `` Mount of the House -LSB- of God , i.e. the Temple -RSB- '' -RRB- , known to Muslims as the Haram esh-Sharif -LRB- الحرم الشريف , al-Ḥaram al-Šarīf , `` the Noble Sanctuary '' , or الحرم القدسي الشريف , al-Ḥaram al-Qudsī al-Šarīf , `` the Noble Sanctuary of Jerusalem '' -RRB- , a hill located in the Old City of Jerusalem , is one of the most important religious sites in the world . It has been venerated as a holy site for thousands of years by Judaism , Christianity , and Islam . The present site is dominated by three monumental structures from the early Umayyad period : the al-Aqsa Mosque , the Dome of the Rock and the Dome of the Chain , as well as four minarets . Herodian walls and gates with additions dating back to the late Byzantine and early Islamic periods cut through the flanks of the Mount . Currently it can be reached through eleven gates , ten reserved for Muslims and one for non-Muslims , with guard posts of Israeli police in the vicinity of each . The Temple Mount is the holiest site in Judaism , which regards it as the place where God 's divine presence is manifested more than in any other place . According to the rabbinic sages whose debates produced the Talmud , it was from here the world expanded into its present form and where God gathered the dust used to create the first human , Adam . Since at least the first century CE , the site has been associated in Judaism with Mount Moriah -LRB- הַר הַמוריה , Har HaMōriyā -RRB- ; Mount Moriah is the name given by the Hebrew Bible to the location of Abraham 's binding of Isaac , this identification being perpetuated by Jewish and Christian tradition . Several passages in the Hebrew Bible indicate that during the time when they were written , the Temple Mount was identified as Mount Zion . The Mount Zion mentioned in the later parts of the Book of Isaiah , in the Book of Psalms , and the First Book of Maccabees -LRB- c. 2nd century BCE -RRB- seems to refer to the top of the hill , generally known as the Temple Mount . According to the Book of Samuel , Mount Zion was the site of the Jebusite fortress called the `` stronghold of Zion '' , but once the First Temple was erected , according to the Bible , at the top of the Eastern Hill -LRB- `` Temple Mount '' -RRB- , the name `` Mount Zion '' migrated there too . The name later migrated for a last time , this time to Jerusalem 's Western Hill . According to the Bible , both Jewish Temples stood at the Temple Mount , though archaeological evidence only exists for the Second Temple . However , the identification of Solomon 's Temple with the area of the Temple Mount is widespread . According to the Bible the site should function as the center of all national life -- a governmental , judicial and religious center . During the Second Temple period it functioned also as an economic center . According to Jewish tradition and scripture , the First Temple was built by King Solomon the son of King David in 957 BCE and destroyed by the Babylonians in 586 BCE . The second was constructed under the auspices of Zerubbabel in 516 BCE and destroyed by the Roman Empire in 70 CE . In the 2nd century , the site was used for a temple to Jupiter Capitolinus . It was redeveloped following the Arab conquest . Jewish tradition maintains it is here a Third and final Temple will also be built . The location is the holiest site in Judaism and is the place Jews turn towards during prayer . Due to its extreme sanctity , many Jews will not walk on the Mount itself , to avoid unintentionally entering the area where the Holy of Holies stood , since according to Rabbinical law , some aspect of the divine presence is still present at the site . It was from the Holy of Holies that the High Priest communicated directly with God . The Temple was of central importance in Jewish worship , in the Tanakh and the Christian Old Testament . In the New Testament it remains the site of several events in the life of Jesus , and Christian loyalty to it as a focal point remained long after his death . After the destruction of the Temple in 70 CE , which came to be regarded by early Christians , as it was by Josephus and the sages of the Jerusalem Talmud , to be a divine act of punishment for the sins of the Jewish people , the Temple Mount lost its significance for Christian worship with the Christians considering it a fulfillment of Christ 's prophecy at , for example , and . It was to this end , proof of a biblical prophecy fulfilled and of Christianity 's victory over Judaism with the New Covenant , that early Christian pilgrims also visited the site . Byzantine Christians , despite some signs of constructive work on the esplanade , generally neglected the Temple Mount , especially when a Jewish attempt to rebuild the Temple was destroyed by the earthquake in 363 . and it became a desolate local rubbish dump , perhaps outside the city limits , as Christian worship in Jerusalem shifted to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre , and Jerusalem 's centrality was replaced by Rome . Almost immediately after the Muslim conquest of Jerusalem in 638 CE , Caliph ` Omar ibn al Khatab , disgusted by the filth covering the site , had it thoroughly cleaned , and granted Jews access to the site . Among Sunni Muslims , the Mount is widely considered the third holiest site in Islam . Revered as the Noble Sanctuary , the location of Muhammad 's journey to Jerusalem and ascent to heaven , the site is also associated with Jewish biblical prophets who are also venerated in Islam . Muslims preferred to the esplanade as the heart for the Muslim quarter since it had been abandoned by Christians , to avoid disturbing the Christian quarters of Jerusalem . Umayyad Caliphs commissioned the construction of the al-Aqsa Mosque and Dome of the Rock on the site . The Dome was completed in 692 CE , making it one of the oldest extant Islamic structures in the world . The Al Aqsa Mosque rests on the far southern side of the Mount , facing Mecca . The Dome of the Rock currently sits in the middle , occupying or close to the area where the Holy Temple previously stood . In light of the dual claims of both Judaism and Islam , it is one of the most contested religious sites in the world . Since the Crusades , the Muslim community of Jerusalem has managed the site as a Waqf , without interruption . As the site is part of the Old City , controlled by Israel since 1967 , both Israel and the Palestinian Authority claim sovereignty over it , and it remains a major focal point of the Arab -- Israeli conflict . In an attempt to keep the status quo , the Israeli government enforces a controversial ban on prayer by non-Muslims . ", "The Temple in Jerusalem or Holy Temple -LRB- , Modern : Beit HaMikdash , Tiberian : Beiṯ HamMiqdāš , Ashkenazi : Beis HaMikdosh ; ቤተ መቅደስ : Betä Mäqdäs -RRB- was any of a series of structures which were located on the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem , the current site of the Dome of the Rock and Al-Aqsa Mosque . These successive temples stood at this location and functioned as a site of ancient Israelite and later Jewish worship . ", "Aathara Stalam indicates the places which are considered to be divine impersonations of Tantric chakras , associated with human anatomy . The Annamalaiyar temple is called the Manipooraga stalam , associated with `` Manipooraga '' , the human anatomical cause for spiritual ignorance , thirst , jealousy , treachery , shame , fear , disgust , delusion , foolishness and sadness . Five temples are located in Tamil Nadu , and one at Varanasi . -RCB- -RRB- | Brain directly behind eyebrow | Natarajar Temple | Chidambaram | | - | Visuthi -LRB- Sanskrit : विशुद्ध , Viśuddha -RRB- | Neck region near spine | Sri Kalahastheeswara Swami Temple | Kalahasthi | | - | Anahata -LRB- Sanskrit : अनाहत , Anāhata -RRB- | Central channel behind spine | Kashi Vishwanath Temple | Varanasi | | - | Manipooragam -LRB- Sanskrit : मणिपूर , -RRB- | Spine directly behind the navel | Arunachaleshwarar Temple | Thiruvannamalai | | - | Swathistanam -LRB- Sanskrit : स्वाधिष्ठान , Svādhiṣṭhāna -RRB- | One 's own abode | Thiruvanaikaval | Trichy | | - | Moolatharam -LRB- Sanskrit : मूलाधार , Mūlādhāra -RRB- | Basal end of the spinal column | Thyagaraja Swamy Temple | Tiruvarur | | -RCB- Category : Shiva temples ", "The Temple of the Eastern Peak in Beijing is a Taoist temple in the Chaowai area , Chaoyang District , Beijing , China . The temple is dedicated to the Great Deity of the Eastern Peak . `` Eastern Peak '' is the cosmological name of Mount Tai , the easternmost and holiest of the Five Sacred Mountains of China . Founded during the Yuan dynasty , the Eastern Peak Temple is the largest temple of Zhengyi Taoism in Beijing and protected as a national cultural spot . The temple also hosts the Beijing Folk Customs Museum . ", "The Dome of the Rock -LRB- -LSB- قبة الصخرة , links = no -RSB- Qubbat al-Sakhrah , -LSB- כיפת הסלע , links = no -RSB- Kippat ha-Sela -RRB- is an Islamic shrine located on the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem . It was initially completed in 691 CE at the order of Umayyad Caliph Abd al-Malik during the Second Fitna , built on the site of the Roman temple of Jupiter Capitolinus , which had in turn been built on the site of Herod 's Temple , destroyed during the Roman Siege of Jerusalem in 70 CE . The original dome collapsed in 1015 and was rebuilt in 1022 -- 23 . The Dome of the Rock is in its core one of the oldest extant works of Islamic architecture . Its architecture and mosaics were patterned after nearby Byzantine churches and palaces , although its outside appearance has been significantly changed in the Ottoman period and again in the modern period , notably with the addition of the gold-plated roof , in 1959 -- 61 and again in 1993 . The octagonal plan of the structure may also have been influenced by the Byzantine Church of the Seat of Mary -LRB- also known as Kathisma in Greek and al-Qadismu in Arabic -RRB- built between 451 and 458 on the road between Jerusalem and Bethlehem . The site 's great significance for Muslims derives from traditions connecting it to the creation of the world and to the belief that the Prophet Muhammad 's Night Journey to heaven started from the rock at the center of the structure . The rock also bears great significance for Jews as the site of Abraham 's attempted sacrifice of his son . It has been called `` Jerusalem 's most recognizable landmark , '' and it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site , along with two nearby Temple Mount structures , the Western Wall , and the `` Resurrection Rotunda '' in the nearby Church of the Holy Sepulchre . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "Temple_Mount", "Temple_in_Jerusalem", "Aathara_Stalam", "Beijing_Dongyue_Temple", "Dome_of_the_Rock" ]

[ "The Temple Mount -LRB- הַר הַבַּיִת , Har HaBáyit , `` Mount of the House -LSB- of God , i.e. the Temple -RSB- '' -RRB- , known to Muslims as the Haram esh-Sharif -LRB- الحرم الشريف , al-Ḥaram al-Šarīf , `` the Noble Sanctuary '' , or الحرم القدسي الشريف , al-Ḥaram al-Qudsī al-Šarīf , `` the Noble Sanctuary of Jerusalem '' -RRB- , a hill located in the Old City of Jerusalem , is one of the most important religious sites in the world . It has been venerated as a holy site for thousands of years by Judaism , Christianity , and Islam . The present site is dominated by three monumental structures from the early Umayyad period : the al-Aqsa Mosque , the Dome of the Rock and the Dome of the Chain , as well as four minarets . Herodian walls and gates with additions dating back to the late Byzantine and early Islamic periods cut through the flanks of the Mount . Currently it can be reached through eleven gates , ten reserved for Muslims and one for non-Muslims , with guard posts of Israeli police in the vicinity of each . The Temple Mount is the holiest site in Judaism , which regards it as the place where God 's divine presence is manifested more than in any other place . According to the rabbinic sages whose debates produced the Talmud , it was from here the world expanded into its present form and where God gathered the dust used to create the first human , Adam . Since at least the first century CE , the site has been associated in Judaism with Mount Moriah -LRB- הַר הַמוריה , Har HaMōriyā -RRB- ; Mount Moriah is the name given by the Hebrew Bible to the location of Abraham 's binding of Isaac , this identification being perpetuated by Jewish and Christian tradition . Several passages in the Hebrew Bible indicate that during the time when they were written , the Temple Mount was identified as Mount Zion . The Mount Zion mentioned in the later parts of the Book of Isaiah , in the Book of Psalms , and the First Book of Maccabees -LRB- c. 2nd century BCE -RRB- seems to refer to the top of the hill , generally known as the Temple Mount . According to the Book of Samuel , Mount Zion was the site of the Jebusite fortress called the `` stronghold of Zion '' , but once the First Temple was erected , according to the Bible , at the top of the Eastern Hill -LRB- `` Temple Mount '' -RRB- , the name `` Mount Zion '' migrated there too . The name later migrated for a last time , this time to Jerusalem 's Western Hill . According to the Bible , both Jewish Temples stood at the Temple Mount , though archaeological evidence only exists for the Second Temple . However , the identification of Solomon 's Temple with the area of the Temple Mount is widespread . According to the Bible the site should function as the center of all national life -- a governmental , judicial and religious center . During the Second Temple period it functioned also as an economic center . According to Jewish tradition and scripture , the First Temple was built by King Solomon the son of King David in 957 BCE and destroyed by the Babylonians in 586 BCE . The second was constructed under the auspices of Zerubbabel in 516 BCE and destroyed by the Roman Empire in 70 CE . In the 2nd century , the site was used for a temple to Jupiter Capitolinus . It was redeveloped following the Arab conquest . Jewish tradition maintains it is here a Third and final Temple will also be built . The location is the holiest site in Judaism and is the place Jews turn towards during prayer . Due to its extreme sanctity , many Jews will not walk on the Mount itself , to avoid unintentionally entering the area where the Holy of Holies stood , since according to Rabbinical law , some aspect of the divine presence is still present at the site . It was from the Holy of Holies that the High Priest communicated directly with God . The Temple was of central importance in Jewish worship , in the Tanakh and the Christian Old Testament . In the New Testament it remains the site of several events in the life of Jesus , and Christian loyalty to it as a focal point remained long after his death . After the destruction of the Temple in 70 CE , which came to be regarded by early Christians , as it was by Josephus and the sages of the Jerusalem Talmud , to be a divine act of punishment for the sins of the Jewish people , the Temple Mount lost its significance for Christian worship with the Christians considering it a fulfillment of Christ 's prophecy at , for example , and . It was to this end , proof of a biblical prophecy fulfilled and of Christianity 's victory over Judaism with the New Covenant , that early Christian pilgrims also visited the site . Byzantine Christians , despite some signs of constructive work on the esplanade , generally neglected the Temple Mount , especially when a Jewish attempt to rebuild the Temple was destroyed by the earthquake in 363 . and it became a desolate local rubbish dump , perhaps outside the city limits , as Christian worship in Jerusalem shifted to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre , and Jerusalem 's centrality was replaced by Rome . Almost immediately after the Muslim conquest of Jerusalem in 638 CE , Caliph ` Omar ibn al Khatab , disgusted by the filth covering the site , had it thoroughly cleaned , and granted Jews access to the site . Among Sunni Muslims , the Mount is widely considered the third holiest site in Islam . Revered as the Noble Sanctuary , the location of Muhammad 's journey to Jerusalem and ascent to heaven , the site is also associated with Jewish biblical prophets who are also venerated in Islam . Muslims preferred to the esplanade as the heart for the Muslim quarter since it had been abandoned by Christians , to avoid disturbing the Christian quarters of Jerusalem . Umayyad Caliphs commissioned the construction of the al-Aqsa Mosque and Dome of the Rock on the site . The Dome was completed in 692 CE , making it one of the oldest extant Islamic structures in the world . The Al Aqsa Mosque rests on the far southern side of the Mount , facing Mecca . The Dome of the Rock currently sits in the middle , occupying or close to the area where the Holy Temple previously stood . In light of the dual claims of both Judaism and Islam , it is one of the most contested religious sites in the world . Since the Crusades , the Muslim community of Jerusalem has managed the site as a Waqf , without interruption . As the site is part of the Old City , controlled by Israel since 1967 , both Israel and the Palestinian Authority claim sovereignty over it , and it remains a major focal point of the Arab -- Israeli conflict . In an attempt to keep the status quo , the Israeli government enforces a controversial ban on prayer by non-Muslims . ", "The Temple in Jerusalem or Holy Temple -LRB- , Modern : Beit HaMikdash , Tiberian : Beiṯ HamMiqdāš , Ashkenazi : Beis HaMikdosh ; ቤተ መቅደስ : Betä Mäqdäs -RRB- was any of a series of structures which were located on the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem , the current site of the Dome of the Rock and Al-Aqsa Mosque . These successive temples stood at this location and functioned as a site of ancient Israelite and later Jewish worship . ", "Aathara Stalam indicates the places which are considered to be divine impersonations of Tantric chakras , associated with human anatomy . The Annamalaiyar temple is called the Manipooraga stalam , associated with `` Manipooraga '' , the human anatomical cause for spiritual ignorance , thirst , jealousy , treachery , shame , fear , disgust , delusion , foolishness and sadness . Five temples are located in Tamil Nadu , and one at Varanasi . -RCB- -RRB- | Brain directly behind eyebrow | Natarajar Temple | Chidambaram | | - | Visuthi -LRB- Sanskrit : विशुद्ध , Viśuddha -RRB- | Neck region near spine | Sri Kalahastheeswara Swami Temple | Kalahasthi | | - | Anahata -LRB- Sanskrit : अनाहत , Anāhata -RRB- | Central channel behind spine | Kashi Vishwanath Temple | Varanasi | | - | Manipooragam -LRB- Sanskrit : मणिपूर , -RRB- | Spine directly behind the navel | Arunachaleshwarar Temple | Thiruvannamalai | | - | Swathistanam -LRB- Sanskrit : स्वाधिष्ठान , Svādhiṣṭhāna -RRB- | One 's own abode | Thiruvanaikaval | Trichy | | - | Moolatharam -LRB- Sanskrit : मूलाधार , Mūlādhāra -RRB- | Basal end of the spinal column | Thyagaraja Swamy Temple | Tiruvarur | | -RCB- Category : Shiva temples ", "The Temple of the Eastern Peak in Beijing is a Taoist temple in the Chaowai area , Chaoyang District , Beijing , China . The temple is dedicated to the Great Deity of the Eastern Peak . `` Eastern Peak '' is the cosmological name of Mount Tai , the easternmost and holiest of the Five Sacred Mountains of China . Founded during the Yuan dynasty , the Eastern Peak Temple is the largest temple of Zhengyi Taoism in Beijing and protected as a national cultural spot . The temple also hosts the Beijing Folk Customs Museum . ", "The Dome of the Rock -LRB- -LSB- قبة الصخرة , links = no -RSB- Qubbat al-Sakhrah , -LSB- כיפת הסלע , links = no -RSB- Kippat ha-Sela -RRB- is an Islamic shrine located on the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem . It was initially completed in 691 CE at the order of Umayyad Caliph Abd al-Malik during the Second Fitna , built on the site of the Roman temple of Jupiter Capitolinus , which had in turn been built on the site of Herod 's Temple , destroyed during the Roman Siege of Jerusalem in 70 CE . The original dome collapsed in 1015 and was rebuilt in 1022 -- 23 . The Dome of the Rock is in its core one of the oldest extant works of Islamic architecture . Its architecture and mosaics were patterned after nearby Byzantine churches and palaces , although its outside appearance has been significantly changed in the Ottoman period and again in the modern period , notably with the addition of the gold-plated roof , in 1959 -- 61 and again in 1993 . The octagonal plan of the structure may also have been influenced by the Byzantine Church of the Seat of Mary -LRB- also known as Kathisma in Greek and al-Qadismu in Arabic -RRB- built between 451 and 458 on the road between Jerusalem and Bethlehem . The site 's great significance for Muslims derives from traditions connecting it to the creation of the world and to the belief that the Prophet Muhammad 's Night Journey to heaven started from the rock at the center of the structure . The rock also bears great significance for Jews as the site of Abraham 's attempted sacrifice of his son . It has been called `` Jerusalem 's most recognizable landmark , '' and it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site , along with two nearby Temple Mount structures , the Western Wall , and the `` Resurrection Rotunda '' in the nearby Church of the Holy Sepulchre . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "Musala", "Musar", "Uromyces_musae", "Martin_Musaubach", "Sab_the_Artist" ]

[ "Musala -LRB- Мусала from Arabic through Ottoman Turkish : Musalla , `` near God '' or `` place for prayer '' is the highest peak in the entire Balkan Peninsula , standing at 2,925 m -LRB- 9,596 ft -RRB- . The summit of the Rila mountain range in southwestern Bulgaria , Musala is the highest peak between the Alps and the Caucasus and the highest in Eastern Europe bar the Caucasus . With a prominence of 2473 m , Musala is the 7th most prominent mountain peak in Europe . Musala is situated within the Rila National Park , which is noted for its rich flora , including species such as Macedonian Pine and Bulgarian Fir in the forests on its middle slopes , and fauna ; it is one of the easiest places in Europe to see the wallcreeper . All major mountain ranges of Bulgaria can be seen from the top ; these include Vitosha to the northwest , Sredna Gora towards the northeast , the Balkan Mountains along most of the northern horizon behind Vitosha and Sredna Gora , the Rhodope Mountains to the southeast , Pirin to the south , Osogovo and Ruy Mountain to the west , and of course Rila . A Cosmic Ray Station was built on the peak in 1960 with cooperation from the Hungarian Academy of Science . The station conducted scientific experiments using a muon telescope . The station was destroyed by an electrical fire on October 29 , 1983 . With an average annual temperature of -2.3 ° C Musala is the coldest place in Bulgaria and the entire Balkan Peninsula . Temperatures stay below 0 ° C for about 8 months each year . Due to this about 45 % of the annual precipitation on Musala is snow , and snow cover lasts for about 200 days -LRB- more than six months -RRB- . Three of the main rivers of Bulgaria , the Iskar , Maritsa and Mesta have their sources near Musala . The next highest peaks in the vicinity of Musala are Little Musala -LRB- 2,902 m -RRB- and Irechek -LRB- 2,852 m -RRB- . ", "Musar , may refer to the Hebrew word for `` ethics '' Musar literature , Jewish moral literature the Musar movement , a Jewish religious ethical , educational and cultural movement Château Musar , Lebanese winery ", "Uromyces musae is a plant pathogen infecting bananas . ", "Martin `` Musa '' Musaubach -LRB- born on May 23 , 1982 in La Plata , Argentina -RRB- is an Argentine band-leading pianist , composer , arranger and producer in MUSA 's . ", "Musab Saad , better known by his stage name Sab the Artist , Musab , or Beyond , is an American recording artist , rapper , songwriter , record producer and music executive from Minneapolis , Minnesota , currently residing in Las Vegas , Nevada . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 1, 1 ]

[ "The_Chaperone_-LRB-film-RRB-", "The_Favourite_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Making_It_-LRB-film-RRB-", "The_Uninvited_-LRB-2009_film-RRB-", "One_True_Thing" ]

[ "The Chaperone is a 2011 American comedy film directed by Stephen Herek , and also produced by WWE Studios . It stars Triple H , Yeardley Smith , Ariel Winter , Kevin Corrigan , José Zúñiga , Kevin Rankin , Enrico Colantoni , and Israel Boussard . ", "The Favourite is an upcoming British-Irish-American biographical historical film directed by Yorgos Lanthimos , from a screenplay by Deborah Davis and Tony McNamara . It stars Emma Stone , Rachel Weisz , Olivia Colman , Nicholas Hoult and Joe Alwyn . ", "Making It is a 1971 dramedy directed by John Erman and written by Peter Bart and James Leigh . It stars Kristoffer Tabori , Bob Balaban , Lawrence Pressman , Joyce Van Patten , Marlyn Mason , and a number of character actors familiar to TV audiences of the 1970s . Adapted from Leigh 's novel What Can You Do ? , the movie follows several months in the life of an intelligent , precocious 17-year-old high school student who fancies himself a smooth Lothario . ", "The Uninvited is a 2009 American psychological horror film directed by the Guard Brothers , and starring Emily Browning , Elizabeth Banks , Arielle Kebbel and David Strathairn . It is a remake of the 2003 South Korean K-Horror film A Tale of Two Sisters , which is in turn one of several film adaptations of the Korean folk tale Janghwa Hongryeon jeon . The film received mixed to negative reviews . ", "One True Thing is a 1998 American drama film directed by Carl Franklin . It tells the story of a woman who is forced to put her life on hold in order to care for her mother who is dying of cancer . It was adapted by Karen Croner from the novel by Anna Quindlen . The novel and film are based on Anna Quindlen 's real life and her struggle of dealing with the death of her mother , Prudence Pantano Quindlen in 1972 , due to ovarian cancer . The film stars Meryl Streep , Renée Zellweger , William Hurt and Tom Everett Scott . Bette Midler sings the lead song , `` My One True Friend '' , over the end credits . The track was first released on Midler 's 1998 album Bathhouse Betty . It was shot in Morristown , NJ , Maplewood , NJ , as well as in Princeton University . " ]

[ 2, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Cthulhu", "The_Trail_of_Cthulhu", "Insect_from_Shaggai", "Yaacov_Schul", "Anupam_Sinha" ]

[ "Cthulhu -LRB- -LSB- - all -LRB- k -RRB- ʟ̝̊ʊlʔɬuː -RSB- -RRB- is a cosmic entity created by writer H. P. Lovecraft and first introduced in the short story `` The Call of Cthulhu '' , published in the American pulp magazine Weird Tales in 1928 . Considered a Great Old One within the pantheon of Lovecraftian cosmic entities , the creature has since been featured in numerous popular culture references . Lovecraft depicts Cthulhu as a gigantic entity worshipped by cultists . Cthulhu 's appearance is described as looking like an octopus , a dragon and a caricature of human form . Its name was given to the Lovecraft-inspired universe where it and its fellow entities existed , the Cthulhu Mythos . ", "The Trail of Cthulhu is a series of interconnected short stories written by August Derleth as part of the Cthulhu Mythos genre of horror fiction . The stories chronicle the struggles of Laban Shrewsbury and his companions against the Great Old Ones , particularly Cthulhu . The stories were originally published in Weird Tales from 1944 to 1952 , and were republished in collected form as The Trail of Cthulhu by Arkham House in 1962 in an edition of 2,470 copies . ", "An Insect from Shaggai is a member of a fictional alien race -LRB- also known as the Shan -RRB- in the Cthulhu Mythos . The being was created by British author Ramsey Campbell , who was inspired by a similar creature in H. P. Lovecraft 's commonplace book . The Shan first appeared in Campbell 's short story `` The Insects From Shaggai '' -LRB- 1964 -RRB- . ", "Yaacov Schul -LRB- born 1951 -RRB- is an Israeli professor of cognitive and social psychology at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem . ", "Anupam Sinha is an Indian comic book artist and writer , credited as the creator of the Raj Comics superhero Super Commando Dhruva . The BusinessWorld website said that Sinha revolutionised Indian comics with his work at Raj Comics . Starting his career in 1975 at the age of 13 for a small magazine called Deewana Tej at Kanpur , Sinha got his `` big break '' four years later , when he joined Diamond Comics . While working on popular comics such as Tauji and Jadoo Ka Danda , Sinha also attended Kanpur 's Christchurch College . He worked with Diamond Comics creating Fauladi Singh comics Fauladi Singh Aur Shaitan Tarwill , Fauladi Singh Ki Tarwill se Takkar and Fauladi Singh aur Vinash Ke Pujari . In 2012 , he published his very first full-length fiction , The Virtuals . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Two_and_a_Half_Men", "List_of_Two_and_a_Half_Men_characters", "Me_and_the_Boys_-LRB-TV_series-RRB-", "World_War_One_-LRB-TV_series-RRB-", "Angus_T._Jones" ]

[ "Two and a Half Men is an American television sitcom that originally aired on CBS for twelve seasons from September 22 , 2003 to February 19 , 2015 . Originally starring Charlie Sheen , Jon Cryer , and Angus T. Jones , the series was about a hedonistic jingle writer , Charlie Harper ; his uptight brother Alan ; and Alan 's troublesome son Jake . After Alan divorces , he moves with his son to share Charlie 's beachfront Malibu house and complicates Charlie 's freewheeling life . In 2010 , CBS and Warner Bros. . Television reached a multiyear broadcasting agreement for the series , renewing it through at least the 2011 -- 12 season . In February 2011 , however , CBS and Warner Bros. decided to end production for the rest of the eighth season after Sheen entered drug rehabilitation and made `` disparaging comments '' about the series ' creator and executive producer Chuck Lorre . Sheen 's contract was terminated the following month and he was confirmed not to be returning to the series . Ashton Kutcher was hired to replace him the following season as Walden Schmidt , a billionaire who buys Charlie 's house after his death . In April 2013 , CBS renewed the series for an eleventh season after closing one-year deals with Kutcher and Cryer . Jones , who was attending college , was relegated to recurring status for season 11 , but never made an appearance until the series finale . He was replaced by Jenny -LRB- Amber Tamblyn -RRB- , Charlie 's previously unknown daughter . In March 2014 , CBS renewed the series for a twelfth season , which was later announced to be the series ' last . The season began airing in October 2014 and concluded in February 2015 with the 40-minute series finale `` Of Course He 's Dead '' . The success of the series led to it being the fourth-highest revenue-generating program for 2012 , earning $ 3.24 million an episode . ", "The American sitcom Two and a Half Men , created and executive produced by Chuck Lorre and Lee Aronsohn , premiered on CBS on September 22 , 2003 . The show initially centers on seven characters : brothers Charlie and Alan Harper ; Jake Harper , the dimwitted son of Alan and his first ex-wife ; Judith Harper-Melnick , Alan 's first ex-wife , Herb 's ex-wife , and Jake and Milly 's mother ; Rose , one of Charlie 's previous one night stands who continuously stalks him ; Evelyn Harper , Charlie and Alan 's wealthy , five time widowed , bisexual mother , and Jake 's grandmother ; and last of all , Berta , Charlie 's sharp-tongued housekeeper , who later joins the main cast starting with season two after playing a major recurring role throughout the first season . In season nine , the show is revamped when Charlie is struck and killed by a moving train . Walden Schmidt replaces him as the new owner of the beach house , a recently divorced internet billionaire . In season eleven , Jake moves to Japan and leaves the series , so to replace `` the half-man '' , Charlie 's long-lost-daughter moves into the beach house after looking for her late father . Over time , several supporting characters have been promoted to starring roles : Berta -LRB- season 1 recurring ; season 2 -- 12 regular -RRB- , Charlie and Alan 's -LRB- and later Walden 's -RRB- sharp-tongued housekeeper ; Kandi -LRB- season 3 recurring ; season 4 regular ; season 10 guest -RRB- , one of Charlie 's former one night stands , and later on , Alan 's second ex-wife ; Chelsea -LRB- season 6 recurring ; season 7 regular ; season 9 guest -RRB- , Charlie 's second most notable love interest -LRB- after Rose -RRB- , and ex-fiancée ; Walden Schmidt -LRB- season 9 -- 12 -RRB- , an internet billionaire who buys Charlie 's beach house after his death ; Jenny -LRB- season 11 -- 12 -RRB- , Charlie 's illegitimate daughter from a one-night stand twenty years before ; last of all , Louis -LRB- season 12 -RRB- , the 6-year-old boy that Walden decides to adopt . The show also features numerous supporting characters , each of whom plays a prominent role in a small group of episodes . ", "Me and the Boys is an American sitcom that aired on the ABC network from September 20 , 1994 until February 28 , 1995 . The series features comedian Steve Harvey , who also served as a writer , in his first starring role . The series was created by Bob Myer , Rob Dames and Lenny Ripps , and produced by a.k.a. Productions and Bob Myer Productions in association with ABC Productions . ", "World War One is an American documentary television series that was shown on CBS during the 1964 -- 1965 television season to commemorate the fiftieth anniversary of the start of the war . The series , which was produced by CBS News and featured 26 half-hour episodes , was narrated by Robert Ryan . World War One aired on Tuesday nights at 8 pm Eastern Time , but at mid-season it was moved to Sunday nights at 6:30 pm because it was being beaten in the ratings by the second half-hour of ABC 's Combat ! and the second half-hour of NBC 's Mr. Novak . Re-released in 1995 , the series is available on video tape and DVD but no US video-on-demand services have it . The series is available on YouTube . ", "Angus Turner Jones -LRB- born October 8 , 1993 -RRB- is an American actor . Jones is best known for playing Jake Harper in the CBS sitcom Two and a Half Men , for which he had won two Young Artist and a TV Land Award during his 10-year tenure as one of the show 's main characters . " ]

[ 2, 2, 1, 1, 2 ]

[ "A_United_Kingdom", "Amathikama", "The_Man_from_U.N.C.L.E._-LRB-film-RRB-", "Amma_-LRB-1976_film-RRB-", "Sam_Mendes" ]

[ "A United Kingdom is a 2016 British biographical romantic drama film directed by Amma Asante and written by Guy Hibbert , based on the true-life romance between Sir Seretse Khama and his wife Ruth Williams Khama . David Oyelowo and Rosamund Pike portray Seretse and Ruth , respectively . It was screened at the 2016 Toronto International Film Festival , and was the opening film at the 60th London Film Festival , the second year in a row that a British film featured . ", "Amathikama is a 1968 Sri Lankan film directed by Nihal Jayasinghe . ", "The Man from U.N.C.L.E. is a 2015 American action comedy film directed by Guy Ritchie and written by Ritchie and Lionel Wigram . It is based on the 1964 MGM television series of the same name , which was created by Ian Fleming , Norman Felton and Sam Rolfe . The film stars Henry Cavill , Armie Hammer , Alicia Vikander , Elizabeth Debicki , Jared Harris and Hugh Grant . The film was produced by RatPac-Dune Entertainment and Davis Entertainment . In 1993 , John Davis obtained the rights for a film adaptation based on the original series . However , the film fell into development hell due to multiple script rewrites . Over the years , Matthew Vaughn , David Dobkin and Steven Soderbergh were optioned for directing until Ritchie signed on in March 2013 . The film premiered at Barcelona on August 2 , 2015 and was released on August 14 by Warner Bros. . Pictures , receiving mixed reviews and was a box office disappointment , grossing only $ 109 million worldwide against a $ 75 million budget . Vikander , with a number of films that year , won awards from three different critics associations for Actor of the Year and Breakthrough Film Artist . The Man from U.N.C.L.E. was released on DVD and Blu-ray on November 17 , 2015 by Warner Home Video . ", "Amma is a 1976 Indian Malayalam film , directed by M. Krishnan Nair and produced by KP Kottarakkara . The film stars Madhu , Srividya , Adoor Bhasi and Jose Prakash in lead roles . The film had musical score by M. K. Arjunan . The film was a remake of Tamil film Annai which itself was remade from Bengali film Maya Mriga . ", "Samuel Alexander Mendes , -LRB- born 1 August 1965 -RRB- is an English stage and film director . He is best known for directing the comedy-drama film American Beauty -LRB- 1999 -RRB- , which earned him the Academy Award and Golden Globe Award for Best Director , the crime film Road to Perdition -LRB- 2002 -RRB- , and the James Bond films Skyfall -LRB- 2012 -RRB- and Spectre -LRB- 2015 -RRB- . He also is known for dark re-inventions of the stage musicals Cabaret -LRB- 1994 -RRB- , Oliver ! -LRB- 1994 -RRB- , Company -LRB- 1995 -RRB- , and Gypsy -LRB- 2003 -RRB- . He directed an original West End stage musical for the first time with Charlie and the Chocolate Factory -LRB- 2013 -RRB- . In 2000 Mendes was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire by Queen Elizabeth II for `` services to drama '' and in the same year was awarded the Shakespeare Prize by the Alfred Toepfer Foundation in Hamburg , Germany . In 2005 , he received a lifetime achievement award from the Directors Guild of Great Britain . In 2008 The Daily Telegraph ranked him number 15 in their list of the `` 100 most powerful people in British culture '' . " ]

[ 2, 0, 1, 0, 1 ]

[ "Romani_people_in_the_Republic_of_Macedonia", "Romani_people_in_Greece", "Romani_diaspora", "Romani_people", "Lisovići_-LRB-Srebrenik-RRB-" ]

[ "According to the last census from 2002 , there were 53 879 people counted as Romani in the Republic of Macedonia '' ' , or 2.66 % of the population . Another 3 843 people have been counted as `` Egyptians '' -LRB- 0.2 % -RRB- . Altogether , 2.85 % Romani and Egyptians have been registered in Macedonia . Other sources claim the number to be between 80 000 and 260 000 Roma in Macedonia or approximately 4 to 12 % of the total population . The municipality of Šuto Orizari is the only municipality in the world with a Romani majority and the only municipality where Romani is an official language . Due to the demographics , both Romani and Macedonian are official in Šuto Orizari , the municipality being officially bilingual . The mayor of the municipality , Elvis Bajram , is an ethnic Roma . In 2009 , the Government of the Republic of Macedonia took measures to enlarge inclusion of Romani in the education process . The Republic of Macedonia is the region 's leader in respecting the rights of the Romani people . It is the first country in the region with a minister of Romani ethnicity and also has a lot of Romani in high government positions . However , there is still a lot to be done concerning the education and integration of the Romani . ", "The Romani people of Greece are called Arlije/Erlides , Tsiganoi or the more derogatory term Gyftoi -LRB- Gypsies -RRB- . The number of Roma in Greece is currently estimated to be between 200,000 and 300,000 people . ", "The Roma people have a number of distinct populations , the largest being the Roma and the Iberian Calé or Caló , who reached Anatolia and the Balkans about the early 12th century , from a migration out of northwestern India beginning about 600 years earlier . They settled in present-day Turkey , Greece , Serbia , Romania , Moldova , Bulgaria , Macedonia , Hungary and Slovakia , by order of volume , and Spain . From the Balkans , they migrated throughout Europe and , in the nineteenth and later centuries , to the Americas . The Romani population in the United States is estimated at more than one million . There is no official or reliable count of the Romani populations worldwide . Many Romani refuse to register their ethnic identity in official censuses for fear of discrimination . Others are descendants of intermarriage with local populations and no longer identify only as Romani , or not at all . As of the early 2000s , an estimated 4 to 9 million Romani people lived in Europe and Asia Minor . although some Romani organizations estimate numbers as high as 14 million . Significant Romani populations are found in the Balkan peninsula , in some Central European states , in Spain , France , Russia , and Ukraine . The total number of Romani living outside Europe are primarily in the Middle East and North Africa and in the Americas , and are estimated in total at more than two million . Some countries do not collect data by ethnicity . The Romani people identify as distinct ethnicities based in part on territorial , cultural and dialectal differences , and self-designation . The main branches are : Roma , concentrated in Central and Eastern Europe and Italy , they emigrated -LRB- mostly from the 19th century onwards -RRB- to the rest of Europe , as well as the Americas ; Iberian Kale , mostly in Spain -LRB- see Romani people in Spain -RRB- , but also in Portugal -LRB- see Romani people in Portugal -RRB- , Southern France and Latin America ; Finnish Kale , in Finland , emigrated also in Sweden ; Welsh Kale , in Wales and the British Isles ; Romanichal , in the United Kingdom , some emigrated also to the United States , Canada and Australia ; Sinti , in German-speaking areas of Europe and some neighboring countries ; Manush , in French-speaking areas of Europe -LRB- in French : Manouche -RRB- ; and Romanisæl , in Norway and Sweden . The Romani have additional internal distinctions , with groups identified as Bashaldé ; Churari ; Luri ; Ungaritza ; Lovari -LRB- Lovara -RRB- from Hungary ; Machvaya -LRB- Machavaya , Machwaya , or Macwaia -RRB- from Serbia ; Romungro from Hungary and neighbouring Carpathian countries ; Erlides -LRB- also Yerlii or Arli -RRB- ; Xoraxai -LRB- Horahane -RRB- from Greece/Turkey ; Boyash -LRB- Lingurari , Ludar , Ludari , Rudari , or Zlătari -RRB- from Romanian/Moldovan miners ; Ursari from Romanian/Moldovan bear-trainers ; Argintari from silversmiths ; Aurari from goldsmiths ; Florari from florists ; and Lăutari from singers . ", "The Romani -LRB- also spelled Romany ; -LSB- ˈroʊməni -RSB- , -LSB- ˈrɒ - -RSB- -RRB- , or Roma , are a traditionally nomadic ethnic group , living mostly in Europe and the Americas and originating from the northern regions of the Indian subcontinent , apparently from the region that is currently occupied by the Indian states of Rajasthan , Haryana , and Punjab . The Romani are widely known among English-speaking people by the exonym `` Gypsies '' -LRB- or `` Gipsies '' -RRB- , which some people consider pejorative due to its connotations of illegality and irregularity . They are a dispersed people , but their most concentrated populations are located in Europe , especially Central , Eastern and Southern Europe -LRB- including Turkey , Spain and Southern France -RRB- . The Romani originated in Northern India and arrived in Mid-West Asia , and Europe soon thereafter , around 1,000 years ago , either separating from the Dom people or , at least , having a similar history . Specifically , the ancestors of both the Romani and the Dom left North India sometime between the sixth and eleventh century . Since the 19th century , some Romani have also migrated to the Americas . There are an estimated one million Roma in the United States ; and 800,000 in Brazil , most of whose ancestors emigrated in the nineteenth century from eastern Europe . Brazil also includes some Romani descended from people deported by the government of Portugal during the Inquisition in the colonial era . In migrations since the late nineteenth century , Romani have also moved to other countries in South America and to Canada . In February 2016 , during the International Roma Conference , the Indian Minister of External Affairs stated that the people of the Roma community were children of India . The conference ended with a recommendation to the Government of India to recognize the Roma community spread across 30 countries as a part of the Indian diaspora . The Romani language is divided into several dialects , which add up to an estimated number of speakers larger than two million . The total number of Romani people is at least twice as large -LRB- several times as large according to high estimates -RRB- . Many Romani are native speakers of the language current in their country of residence , or of mixed languages combining the two ; those varieties are sometimes called Para-Romani . ", "Lisovići is a village the Srebrenik municipality in northeastern Bosnia and Herzegovina . According to the 1991 census , the village had 826 inhabitants , with a majority identifying as Muslims by ethnicity . " ]

[ 0, 0, 1, 1, 0 ]

[ "Psych_-LRB-season_2-RRB-", "Who_Ya_Gonna_Call?", "Drop_Dead_Diva_-LRB-season_1-RRB-", "The_Guardian_-LRB-season_3-RRB-", "The_Americans_-LRB-season_3-RRB-" ]

[ "The second season of Psych originally aired in the United States on USA Network from July 13 , 2007 to February 15 , 2008 . It consisted of 16 episodes . James Roday , Dulé Hill , Timothy Omundson , Maggie Lawson , and Corbin Bernsen reprised their roles as the main characters , and Kirsten Nelson joined the main cast . James Roday portrayed Shawn Spencer , a fake psychic detective who periodically consults for the Santa Barbara police department . A DVD of the season was released on July 8 , 2008 . ", "`` Who Ya Gon na Call ? '' is the seventh episode of the first season of the American comedy-drama television series Psych . It was written by co-executive producers Jack Sakmar and Kerry Lenhart , and was directed by Michael Lange . The episode originally aired on USA Network in the United States on August 18 , 2006 . The installment features guest appearances by Kirsten Nelson , Sage Brocklebank , Frank Whaley , and Nico McEown among others . The title refers to the song Ghostbusters , written and performed by Ray Parker Jr. . The series follows Shawn Spencer -LRB- James Roday -RRB- and his colleague and best friend Burton `` Gus '' Guster -LRB- Dulé Hill -RRB- , who claim to operate a psychic detective agency ; it is actually based on Shawn 's hyperobservant ability . In the episode , an obviously disturbed man requests help from the two , believing that he is being haunted . Upon investigation , they decide it is actually the man 's ex-girlfriend but find she is engaged and could not be the `` ghost '' . After an attempt on their lives , Shawn and Gus look through the man 's house again , finding a room full of women 's belongings , where Shawn realizes the man has Dissociative Identity Disorder and is the perpetrator of a murder spree . They rush to where they think the man is and prevent one of his other personalities from murdering a doctor . `` Who Ya Gon na Call ? '' received generally positive reviews from critics . At the time of its broadcast , the installment was considered to be one of the best episodes of the first season . According to Nielsen Media Research , the episode was watched by approximately 4.80 million viewers during its original broadcast and received a 1.5 / 4 share in the 18-49 demographic . ", "Drop Dead Diva season one premiered on July 12 , 2009 and concluded October 11 , 2009 on Lifetime . Season one aired on Sundays at 9:00 pm ET for the entire season and consisted of 13 episodes . ", "The 3rd and final season of The Guardian premiered on CBS on September 23 , 2003 , and concluded on May 4 , 2004 . ", "The third season of the American television drama series The Americans , consisting of 13 episodes , premiered on FX on January 28 , 2015 , and concluded on April 22 , 2015 . The series was renewed for the third season on April 16 , 2014 . " ]

[ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Jack_Dylan_Grazer", "Gavin_Woods_-LRB-water_polo-RRB-", "Jack_Dangers", "Jack_Souther", "Jack_Cassin" ]

[ "Jack Dylan Grazer -LRB- born September 3 , 2003 -RRB- is an American child actor and was born in Los Angeles , California to parents Angela Lafever and Gavin Grazer . His role as Eddie Kaspbrak in Stephen King 's feature film It marks Grazer 's first studio picture . ", "Gavin Woods -LRB- born 1 March 1978 in Sydney -RRB- is an Australian water polo player . He was a member of Australia 's Olympic squad at the 2000 , 2004 , 2008 and 2012 Summer Olympics . He began his career playing centre-back but switched to centre-forward for the 2004 Olympics . His father David is a three-time Olympian -LRB- 1964 , 1968 and 1972 -RRB- and former coach of the Australian women 's team -LRB- 1991 -- 1994 -RRB- , while his sister Taryn and his cousin Bronwyn Mayer were in the women 's national team at the Sydney Olympics . ", "Jack Dangers -LRB- born John Stephen Corrigan -RRB- is an electronic musician , DJ , producer , and remixer best known for his work as the primary member of Meat Beat Manifesto . He lives in San Francisco . ", "Jack Gordon Souther -LRB- April 25 , 1924 -- June 1 , 2014 -RRB- was an American-born Canadian geologist , volcanologist , professor and engineer . He contributed significantly to the early understanding of recent volcanic activity in the Canadian Cordillera . Many of his publications continue to be regarded as classics in their field , even now several decades after they were written . ", "Jack Cassin -LRB- 1 July 1915 -- 3 September 1994 -RRB- is a former Australian rules footballer who played for Essendon in the Victorian Football League -LRB- VFL -RRB- . His son John later played for Essendon from 1971 to 1974 . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Death_Note", "Tsugumi_Ohba", "Takeshi_Obata", "KonoSuba", "Death_of_a_Tea_Master" ]

[ "is a Japanese manga series written by Tsugumi Ohba and illustrated by Takeshi Obata . The story follows Light Yagami , a high school student who discovers a supernatural notebook from a Shinigami named Ryuk that grants its user the ability to kill anyone whose name and face he knows . The series centers around Light 's attempts to create and rule a world `` cleansed of evil '' as `` God '' using the notebook , and the efforts of a detective known as L to stop him . Death Note was first serialized in Shueisha 's manga magazine Weekly Shōnen Jump from December 2003 to May 2006 . The 108 chapters were collected and published into 12 tankōbon volumes between May 2004 and October 2006 . An anime television adaptation aired in Japan from October 3 , 2006 to June 26 , 2007 . Composed of 37 episodes , the anime was developed by Madhouse and directed by Tetsuro Araki . A light novel based on the series , written by Nisio Isin , was also released in 2006 . Additionally , various video games have been published by Konami for the Nintendo DS . The series was adapted into three live-action films released in Japan on June 17 , 2006 , November 3 , 2006 , and February 2 , 2008 , and a television drama in 2015 . A miniseries entitled `` Death Note : New Generation '' and a fourth film were released in 2016 . An upcoming American film is scheduled to be released on August 25 , 2017 . Death Note media is licensed and released in North America by Viz Media , with the exception of the video games and soundtracks . The episodes from the anime first appeared in North America as downloadable from IGN , before Viz Media licensed it and it aired on YTV 's Bionix anime block in Canada and on Adult Swim in the United States with a DVD release following . The live-action films briefly played in certain North American theaters in 2008 , before receiving home video releases . In 2015 , the collected volumes of the Death Note manga had over 30 million copies in circulation . ", "is the pen name of a Japanese gensakusha or writer of manga . He is best known for authoring the Death Note manga series with illustrator Takeshi Obata from 2003 to 2006 , which has 30 million collected volumes in circulation . The duo 's second series Bakuman . -LRB- 2008 -- 2012 -RRB- , was also successful with 15 million in circulation . In 2014 , he collaborated with My Little Monster creator Robico for the one-shot `` Skip ! Yamada-kun '' . Another series with Obata called Platinum End began in the December 2015 issue of Jump SQ on November 4 , 2015 . His real identity is a closely guarded secret . He has cited Shotaro Ishinomori , Fujiko Fujio , and Fujio Akatsuka as manga creators by whom he is heavily inspired . As stated by the profile placed at the beginning of each Death Note manga , Ohba collects teacups and develops manga plots while holding his knees on a chair , similar to a habit of L , one of the main characters of the series . There is speculation that Tsugumi Ohba is a pen name of Hiroshi Gamo , pointing out that in Bakuman the main character 's uncle was a one-hit wonder manga artist who worked on a gag super-hero manga , very similar to Gamo and Tottemo ! Luckyman in all aspects , and also that the storyboards drawn by Ohba greatly resemble Tottemo ! Luckyman in style . ", "is a Japanese manga artist that usually works as the illustrator in collaboration with a writer . He first gained international attention for Hikaru no Go -LRB- 1998 -- 2003 -RRB- with Yumi Hotta , but is better known for Death Note -LRB- 2003 -- 2006 -RRB- and Bakuman . -LRB- 2008 -- 2012 -RRB- with Tsugumi Ohba . Obata has mentored several well-known manga artists , including Nobuhiro Watsuki of Rurouni Kenshin fame , Black Cat creator Kentaro Yabuki , and Eyeshield 21 artist Yusuke Murata . ", "is a comedic Japanese novel series written by Natsume Akatsuki . The series follows a boy who is sent to a fantasy world following his death , forming a dysfunctional party with a goddess , a wizard , and a crusader to fight against monsters . Beginning as a web novel series published on Shousetsuka ni Narou between December 2012 and October 2013 , the series was revised into a printed light novel series with illustrations by Kurone Mishima , which began publication under Kadokawa Shoten 's Kadokawa Sneaker Bunko Imprint from October 2013 . A manga adaptation , illustrated by Masahito Watari , began serialization in Fujimi Shobo 's Monthly Dragon Age magazine from October 2014 . A radio drama CD was released by HobiRecords in March 2015 , and an anime television adaptation by Studio Deen aired in Japan between January and March 2016 . A second season of the anime aired between January and March 2017 . A spin-off light novel series , Kono Subarashii Sekai ni Bakuen o ! , began publication from July 2014 . Both the light novels and the manga are licensed in North America by Yen Press . ", "Death of a Tea Master -LRB- 千利休 本覺坊遺文 , Sen no Rikyu : Honkakubô ibun also known as Sen no Rikyū : Honkakubo 's Student Writings -RRB- is a 1989 Japanese biographical drama film directed by Kei Kumai . It is based on real life events of Sen no Rikyū , particularly the events surrounding his ritual suicide . It was entered into the main competition at the 43rd Venice International Film Festival , in which it won the Silver Lion . " ]

[ 2, 1, 1, 2, 1 ]

[ "Death_Note", "Tsugumi_Ohba", "Takeshi_Obata", "KonoSuba", "Death_of_a_Tea_Master" ]

[ "is a Japanese manga series written by Tsugumi Ohba and illustrated by Takeshi Obata . The story follows Light Yagami , a high school student who discovers a supernatural notebook from a Shinigami named Ryuk that grants its user the ability to kill anyone whose name and face he knows . The series centers around Light 's attempts to create and rule a world `` cleansed of evil '' as `` God '' using the notebook , and the efforts of a detective known as L to stop him . Death Note was first serialized in Shueisha 's manga magazine Weekly Shōnen Jump from December 2003 to May 2006 . The 108 chapters were collected and published into 12 tankōbon volumes between May 2004 and October 2006 . An anime television adaptation aired in Japan from October 3 , 2006 to June 26 , 2007 . Composed of 37 episodes , the anime was developed by Madhouse and directed by Tetsuro Araki . A light novel based on the series , written by Nisio Isin , was also released in 2006 . Additionally , various video games have been published by Konami for the Nintendo DS . The series was adapted into three live-action films released in Japan on June 17 , 2006 , November 3 , 2006 , and February 2 , 2008 , and a television drama in 2015 . A miniseries entitled `` Death Note : New Generation '' and a fourth film were released in 2016 . An upcoming American film is scheduled to be released on August 25 , 2017 . Death Note media is licensed and released in North America by Viz Media , with the exception of the video games and soundtracks . The episodes from the anime first appeared in North America as downloadable from IGN , before Viz Media licensed it and it aired on YTV 's Bionix anime block in Canada and on Adult Swim in the United States with a DVD release following . The live-action films briefly played in certain North American theaters in 2008 , before receiving home video releases . In 2015 , the collected volumes of the Death Note manga had over 30 million copies in circulation . ", "is the pen name of a Japanese gensakusha or writer of manga . He is best known for authoring the Death Note manga series with illustrator Takeshi Obata from 2003 to 2006 , which has 30 million collected volumes in circulation . The duo 's second series Bakuman . -LRB- 2008 -- 2012 -RRB- , was also successful with 15 million in circulation . In 2014 , he collaborated with My Little Monster creator Robico for the one-shot `` Skip ! Yamada-kun '' . Another series with Obata called Platinum End began in the December 2015 issue of Jump SQ on November 4 , 2015 . His real identity is a closely guarded secret . He has cited Shotaro Ishinomori , Fujiko Fujio , and Fujio Akatsuka as manga creators by whom he is heavily inspired . As stated by the profile placed at the beginning of each Death Note manga , Ohba collects teacups and develops manga plots while holding his knees on a chair , similar to a habit of L , one of the main characters of the series . There is speculation that Tsugumi Ohba is a pen name of Hiroshi Gamo , pointing out that in Bakuman the main character 's uncle was a one-hit wonder manga artist who worked on a gag super-hero manga , very similar to Gamo and Tottemo ! Luckyman in all aspects , and also that the storyboards drawn by Ohba greatly resemble Tottemo ! Luckyman in style . ", "is a Japanese manga artist that usually works as the illustrator in collaboration with a writer . He first gained international attention for Hikaru no Go -LRB- 1998 -- 2003 -RRB- with Yumi Hotta , but is better known for Death Note -LRB- 2003 -- 2006 -RRB- and Bakuman . -LRB- 2008 -- 2012 -RRB- with Tsugumi Ohba . Obata has mentored several well-known manga artists , including Nobuhiro Watsuki of Rurouni Kenshin fame , Black Cat creator Kentaro Yabuki , and Eyeshield 21 artist Yusuke Murata . ", "is a comedic Japanese novel series written by Natsume Akatsuki . The series follows a boy who is sent to a fantasy world following his death , forming a dysfunctional party with a goddess , a wizard , and a crusader to fight against monsters . Beginning as a web novel series published on Shousetsuka ni Narou between December 2012 and October 2013 , the series was revised into a printed light novel series with illustrations by Kurone Mishima , which began publication under Kadokawa Shoten 's Kadokawa Sneaker Bunko Imprint from October 2013 . A manga adaptation , illustrated by Masahito Watari , began serialization in Fujimi Shobo 's Monthly Dragon Age magazine from October 2014 . A radio drama CD was released by HobiRecords in March 2015 , and an anime television adaptation by Studio Deen aired in Japan between January and March 2016 . A second season of the anime aired between January and March 2017 . A spin-off light novel series , Kono Subarashii Sekai ni Bakuen o ! , began publication from July 2014 . Both the light novels and the manga are licensed in North America by Yen Press . ", "Death of a Tea Master -LRB- 千利休 本覺坊遺文 , Sen no Rikyu : Honkakubô ibun also known as Sen no Rikyū : Honkakubo 's Student Writings -RRB- is a 1989 Japanese biographical drama film directed by Kei Kumai . It is based on real life events of Sen no Rikyū , particularly the events surrounding his ritual suicide . It was entered into the main competition at the 43rd Venice International Film Festival , in which it won the Silver Lion . " ]

[ 2, 1, 1, 2, 1 ]

[ "Babur", "Mughal_Empire", "Azanus", "Timurid_dynasty", "Middle_East" ]

[ "Babur -LRB- -LSB- بابر , lit = Tiger , translit = Bābur -RSB- 14 February 148326 December 1530 -RRB- , born Ẓahīr-ud-Dīn Muḥammad -LRB- -LSB- ظهیرالدین محمد , translit = Ẓahīr ad-Dīn Muḥammad -RSB- -RRB- , was a conqueror from Central Asia who , following a series of setbacks , finally succeeded in laying the basis for the Mughal dynasty in the Indian subcontinent and became the first Mughal emperor . He was a direct descendant of Turco-Mongol conqueror Timur -LRB- Tamurlane -RRB- from the Barlas clan , through his father , and also a descendant of Genghis Khan through his mother . He was also influenced by the Persian culture and this affected both his own actions and those of his successors , giving rise to a significant expansion of the Persianate ethos in the Indian subcontinent . Babur was the eldest son of Umar Sheikh Mirza . He ascended the throne of Fergana in 1495 at the age of twelve and faced rebellion from his own relatives . He conquered Samarkand two years later , only to lose the city of Fergana soon after . In his attempt to reconquer Fergana , he lost control of Samarkand . In 1501 , his attempt to recapture both cities went in vain as he was defeated by Muhammad Shaybani Khan . In 1504 , he conquered Kabul , which was under the rule of the infant heir of Ulugh Begh . Babur formed a partnership with Safavid ruler Ismail I and reconquered parts of central Asia , including Samarkand , only to again lose it and the other newly conquered lands to the Uzbeks . After losing Samarkand for the third time , Babur turned his attention to creating his empire in north India . At that time , the Indo-Gangetic Plain of the northern Indian Subcontinent was ruled by Ibrahim Lodi of the Afghan Lodi dynasty , whereas Rajputana was ruled by a Hindu Rajput Confederacy , led by Rana Sanga of Mewar . In 1524 , Daulat Khan Lodi , a rebel of the Lodhi dynasty , invited Babur to overthrow Ibrahim and become ruler . Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodi at the First Battle of Panipat in 1526 and founded the Mughal empire . However , he again faced opposition , this time from Rana Sanga of Mewar who considered Babur a foreigner . The Rana was defeated at the Battle of Khanwa . Babur married several times . Notable among his sons are Humayun , Kamran Mirza and Hindal Mirza . Babur died in 1530 and was succeeded by Humayun . According to Babur 's wishes , he was buried in Bagh-e-Babur in Kabul , Afghanistan . Being a patrilineal descendant of Timur , Babur considered himself a Timurid and Turk , though Uzbek sources claim him as an ethnic Uzbek . He is considered a national hero in Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan . Many of his poems also have become popular folk songs . He wrote his autobiography , Baburnama , in Chaghatai Turkic and this was translated into Persian during Akbar 's reign . ", "The Mughal Empire or Mogul Empire , self-designated as Gurkani -LRB- گورکانیان , Gūrkāniyān , meaning `` son-in-law '' -RRB- , was an empire in the Indian subcontinent , established and ruled by a Muslim Turkic dynasty of Chagatai origin from Central Asia . The dynasty , though ethnically Turco-Mongol , was Persianate in culture , with local influences visible in its traits and customs . The Mughal empire extended over large parts of the Indian subcontinent and Afghanistan . The empire at its peak was the second largest to have existed in the Indian subcontinent , spanning 4 million square kilometres at its zenith after the Maurya Empire which spanned 5 million square kilometres . The beginning of the empire is conventionally dated to the victory by its founder Babur over Ibrahim Lodi , the last ruler of the Delhi Sultanate , in the First Battle of Panipat -LRB- 1526 -RRB- . The Mughal emperors were Central Asian Turco-Mongols belonging to the Timurid dynasty , who claimed direct descent from both Genghis Khan -LRB- founder of the Mongol Empire , through his son Chagatai Khan -RRB- and Timur -LRB- Turco-Mongol conqueror who founded the Timurid Empire -RRB- . During the reign of Humayun , the successor of Babur , the empire was briefly interrupted by the Sur Empire . The `` classic period '' of the Mughal Empire started in 1556 with the ascension of Akbar the Great to the throne . Under the rule of Akbar and his son Jahangir , the region enjoyed economic progress as well as religious harmony , and the monarchs were interested in local religious and cultural traditions . Akbar was a successful warrior who also forged alliances with several Hindu Rajput kingdoms . Some Rajput kingdoms continued to pose a significant threat to the Mughal dominance of northwestern India , but most of them were subdued by Akbar . All Mughal emperors were Muslims ; while Akbar was Muslim most of his life , he propounded a syncretic religion in the latter part of his life called Dīn-i Ilāhī , as recorded in historical books like Ain-i-Akbari and Dabistān-i Mazāhib . The Mughal Empire did not try to intervene in the local societies during most of its existence , but rather balanced and pacified them through new administrative practices and diverse and inclusive ruling elites , leading to more systematic , centralised , and uniform rule . Traditional and newly coherent social groups in northern and western India , such as the Marathas , the Rajputs , the Pashtuns , the Hindu Jats and the Sikhs , gained military and governing ambitions during Mughal rule , which , through collaboration or adversity , gave them both recognition and military experience . The reign of Shah Jahan , the fifth emperor , between 1628 and 1658 was the golden age of Mughal architecture . He erected several large monuments , the best known of which is the Taj Mahal at Agra , as well as the Moti Masjid , Agra , the Red Fort , the Jama Masjid , Delhi , and the Lahore Fort . The Mughal Empire reached the zenith of its territorial expanse during the reign of Aurangzeb and also started its terminal decline in his reign due to Maratha military resurgence under Shivaji Bhosale . During his lifetime , victories in the south expanded the Mughal Empire to more than 3.2 million square kilometres -LRB- 1.2 million square miles -RRB- , ruling over more than 150 million subjects , nearly one quarter of the world 's population at the time , with a combined GDP of over $ 90 billion . By the mid-18th century , the Marathas had routed Mughal armies and won over several Mughal provinces from the Punjab to Bengal . Internal dissatisfaction arose due to the weakness of the empire 's administrative and economic systems , leading to its break-up and declarations of independence of its former provinces by the Nawab of Bengal , the Nawab of Awadh , the Nizam of Hyderabad and other small states . In 1739 , the Mughals were crushingly defeated in the Battle of Karnal by the forces of Nader Shah , the founder of the Afsharid dynasty in Persia , and Delhi was sacked and looted , drastically accelerating their decline . During the following century Mughal power had become severely limited , and the last emperor , Bahadur Shah II , had authority over only the city of Shahjahanabad . He issued a firman supporting the Indian Rebellion of 1857 and following the defeat was therefore tried by the British East India Company for treason , imprisoned and exiled to Rangoon . The last remnants of the empire were formally taken over by the British , and the Government of India Act 1858 let the British Crown formally assume direct control of India in the form of the new British Raj . ", "Azanus , commonly called babul blues , is a genus of butterflies found in Africa and southwestern Asia . ", "The Timurid dynasty , self-designated as Gurkani -LRB- گورکانیان , Gūrkāniyān -RRB- , was a Sunni Muslim dynasty or clan of Turco-Mongol lineage descended from the warlord Timur -LRB- also known as Tamerlane -RRB- . The word `` Gurkani '' derived from `` gurkan '' , a Persianized form of the Mongolian word `` kuragan '' meaning `` son-in-law '' , as the Timurids being in-laws of the line of Genghis Khan , founder of the Mongol Empire . Members of the Timurid dynasty were strongly influenced by the Persian culture and had established two significant empires in history , the Timurid Empire -LRB- 1370-1507 -RRB- based in Persia and Central Asia and the Mughal Empire -LRB- 1526-1857 -RRB- based in the Indian subcontinent . ", "The Middle Eastالشرق الأوسط , ; Միջին Արևելք , ; Orta Şərq Central Kurdish : ڕۆژھەڵاتی ناوین , Rojhelatî Nawîn ; Moyen-Orient ახლო აღმოსავლეთი , ; Μέση Ανατολή , ; המזרח התיכון , ; Rojhilata Navîn خاورمیانه , ; Bariga Dhexe Orta Doğu مشرق وسطی , is a transcontinental region centered on Western Asia and Egypt . The corresponding adjective is Middle-Eastern and the derived noun is Middle-Easterner . The term has come into wider usage as a replacement of the term Near East -LRB- as opposed to the Far East -RRB- beginning in the early 20th century . Arabs , Turks , Persians , Kurds , and Azeris -LRB- excluding Republic of Azerbaijan -RRB- constitute the largest ethnic groups in the region by population . Indigenous minorities of the Middle East include Jews , Assyrians and other Arameans , Baloch , Berbers , Copts , Druze , Lurs , Mandaeans , Samaritans , Shabaks , Tats , and Zazas . In the Middle East , there is also a Romani community . European ethnic groups that form a diaspora in the region include Albanians , Bosniaks , Circassians , Crimean Tatars , Franco-Levantines , and Italo-Levantines . Among other migrant populations are Bengalis as well as other Indians , Chinese , Filipinos , Indonesians , Pakistanis , and Sub-Saharan Africans . The history of the Middle East dates back to ancient times , with the -LRB- geopolitical -RRB- importance of the region being recognized for millennia . Several major religions have their origins in the Middle East , including Judaism , Christianity , and Islam ; the Baha'i faith , Mandaeism , Unitarian Druze , and numerous other belief systems were also established within the region . The Middle East generally has a hot , arid climate , with several major rivers providing irrigation to support agriculture in limited areas such as the Nile Delta in Egypt , the Tigris and Euphrates watersheds of Mesopotamia , and most of what is known as the Fertile Crescent . Most of the countries that border the Persian Gulf have vast reserves of crude oil , with monarchs of the Arabian Peninsula in particular benefiting economically from petroleum exports . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "Twelve_Olympians", "Hyksos", "Yarhibol", "Zeus", "Hemera" ]

[ "In the ancient Greek religion and Greek mythology , the Twelve Olympians are the major deities of the Greek pantheon , commonly considered to be Zeus , Hera , Poseidon , Demeter , Athena , Apollo , Artemis , Ares , Aphrodite , Hephaestus , Hermes , and either Hestia or Dionysus . Hades and Persephone were sometimes included as part of the twelve Olympians -LRB- primarily due to the influence of the Eleusinian Mysteries -RRB- , although in general Hades was excluded , because he resided permanently in the underworld and never visited Olympus . ", "The Hyksos -LRB- -LSB- ˈhɪksɒs -RSB- or -LSB- ˈhɪksoʊz -RSB- Egyptian heqa khaseshet , `` ruler -LRB- s -RRB- of the foreign countries '' ; Ὑκσώς , Ὑξώς -RRB- were a people of mixed origins from Western Asia , who settled in the eastern Nile Delta , some time before 1650 BC . The arrival of the Hyksos led to the end of the Thirteenth Dynasty of Egypt and initiated the Second Intermediate Period of Egypt . In the context of Ancient Egypt , the term `` Asiatic '' -- which is often used for the Hyksos -- may refer to any people native to areas east of Egypt . Immigration by Canaanite populations preceded the Hyksos . Canaanites first appeared in Egypt towards the end of the 12th Dynasty c. 1800 BC , and either around that time or c. 1720 BC , established an independent realm in the eastern Nile Delta . The Canaanite rulers of the Delta , regrouped in the Fourteenth Dynasty , coexisted with the Egyptian Thirteenth Dynasty , based in Itjtawy . The power of the 13th and 14th Dynasties progressively waned , perhaps due to famine and plague . In about 1650 BC , both dynasties were invaded by the Hyksos , who formed the Fifteenth Dynasty . The collapse of the Thirteenth Dynasty created a power vacuum in the south , which may have led to the rise of the Sixteenth Dynasty , based in Thebes , and possibly of a local Abydos Dynasty . The Hyksos eventually conquered both , albeit for only a short time in the case of Thebes . From then on , the 17th Dynasty took control of Thebes and reigned for some time in peaceful coexistence with the Hyksos kings , perhaps as their vassals . Eventually , Seqenenre Tao , Kamose and Ahmose waged war against the Hyksos and expelled Khamudi , their last king , from Egypt c. 1550 BC . The Hyksos practiced horse burials , and their chief deity , their native storm god , Baal , became associated with the Egyptian storm and desert god , Set . The Hyksos were a people of mixed Asiatic origin with mainly Semitic-speaking components . Although some scholars have suggested that the Hyksos contained a Hurrian component , most other scholars have dismissed this possibility . The Hurrians spoke an isolated language , but were under Indo-European rule and influence , and Hurrian etymologies have been suggested for some Hyksos names while Indo-European etymologies have been suggested for a very few names . If a Hurrian component did indeed exist among the Hyksos , an Indo-European component becomes difficult to explain , as Indo-European peoples only exercised a significant influence upon Hurrians in Syria after the Hyksos were well established in Egypt . The Hyksos brought several technical innovations to Egypt , as well as cultural infusions such as new musical instruments and foreign loanwords . The changes introduced include new techniques of bronze working and pottery , new breeds of animals , and new crops . In warfare , they introduced the horse and chariot , the composite bow , improved battle axes , and advanced fortification techniques . Because of these cultural advances , Hyksos rule became decisive for Egypt 's later empire in the Middle East . ", "Yarhibol is an Aramean god who was worshiped mainly in ancient Palmyra , a city in central Syria . He was depicted with a solar nimbus and styled `` lord of the spring '' . He normally appears alongside Bel , who was a co-supreme god of Palmyra , and Aglibol , one of the other top Palmyrene gods . ", "Zeus -LSB- ˈzju : s -RSB- -LRB- Ζεύς , Zeús , -LSB- zdeǔ̯s -RSB- Modern Δίας , Días -LSB- ˈði.as -RSB- -RRB- is the sky and thunder god in ancient Greek religion , who ruled as king of the gods of Mount Olympus . His name is cognate with the first element of his Roman equivalent Jupiter . His mythologies and powers are similar , though not identical , to those of the Indo-European deities such as Indra , Jupiter , Perun , Thor , and Odin . Zeus is the child of Cronus and Rhea , the youngest of his siblings to be born , though sometimes reckoned the eldest as the others required disgorging from Cronus 's stomach . In most traditions , he is married to Hera , by whom he is usually said to have fathered Ares , Hebe , and Hephaestus . At the oracle of Dodona , his consort was said to be Dione , by whom the Iliad states that he fathered Aphrodite . Zeus was also infamous for his erotic escapades . These resulted in many godly and heroic offspring , including Athena , Apollo , Artemis , Hermes , Persephone , Dionysus , Perseus , Heracles , Helen of Troy , Minos , and the Muses . He was respected as an allfather who was chief of the gods and assigned the others to their roles : `` Even the gods who are not his natural children address him as Father , and all the gods rise in his presence . '' He was equated with many foreign weather gods , permitting Pausanias to observe `` That Zeus is king in heaven is a saying common to all men '' . Zeus ' symbols are the thunderbolt , eagle , bull , and oak . In addition to his Indo-European inheritance , the classical `` cloud-gatherer '' -LRB- Greek : Νεφεληγερέτα , Nephelēgereta -RRB- also derives certain iconographic traits from the cultures of the ancient Near East , such as the scepter . Zeus is frequently depicted by Greek artists in one of two poses : standing , striding forward with a thunderbolt leveled in his raised right hand , or seated in majesty . ", "In Greek mythology Hemera -LRB- -LSB- ˈhɛmərə -RSB- Ἡμέρα -LSB- hɛːméra -RSB- `` day '' -RRB- was the personification of day and one of the Greek primordial deities . She is the goddess of the daytime and , according to Hesiod , the daughter of Erebus and Nyx -LRB- the goddess of night -RRB- . Hemera is remarked upon in Cicero 's De Natura Deorum , where it is logically determined that Dies -LRB- Hemera -RRB- must be a god , if Uranus is a god . The poet Bacchylides states that Nyx and Chronos are the parents , but Hyginus in his preface to the Fabulae mentions Chaos as the mother/father and Nyx as her sister . She was the female counterpart of her brother and consort , Aether -LRB- Light -RRB- , but neither of them figured actively in myth or cult . Hyginus lists their children as Uranus , Gaia , and Thalassa -LRB- the primordial sea goddess -RRB- , while Hesiod only lists Thalassa as their child . According to Hesiod 's Theogony , Hemera left Tartarus just as Nyx entered it ; when Hemera returned , Nyx left : `` Nyx and Hemera draw near and greet one another as they pass the great threshold of bronze : and while the one is about to go down into the house , the other comes out at the door . '' Pausanias seems to confuse her with Eos when saying that she carried Cephalus away . Pausanias makes this identification with Eos upon looking at the tiling of the royal portico in Athens , where the myth of Eos and Kephalos is illustrated . He makes this identification again at Amyklai and at Olympia , upon looking at statues and illustrations where Eos -LRB- Hemera -RRB- is present . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 1, 1 ]