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nikchar

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retrieval_verification_roberta

like 0

[ "Charles_Howard_Hinton", "Howard_Brenton", "Terrence_Howard", "Charles_Davis_-LRB-sport_shooter-RRB-", "Will_Buchanon" ]

[ "Charles Howard Hinton -LRB- 1853 , United Kingdom -- 30 April 1907 , Washington D.C. , United States -RRB- was a British mathematician and writer of science fiction works titled Scientific Romances . He was interested in higher dimensions , particularly the fourth dimension . He is known for coining the word `` tesseract '' and for his work on methods of visualising the geometry of higher dimensions . ", "Howard John Brenton -LRB- born 13 December 1942 -RRB- is an English playwright and screenwriter . ", "Terrence Dashon Howard -LRB- born March 11 , 1969 -RRB- is an American actor and singer . Having his first major roles in the 1995 films Dead Presidents and Mr. Holland 's Opus , Howard broke into the mainstream with a succession of television and cinema roles between 2004 and 2006 . He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor for his role in Hustle & Flow . Howard has had prominent roles in many other movies including Winnie , Ray , Lackawanna Blues , Crash , Four Brothers , Get Rich or Die Tryin ' , Idlewild , August Rush , The Brave One and Prisoners . Howard played James Rhodes in Iron Man and reprised the role in the video game adaptation . However , he was replaced by Don Cheadle for the future films . He currently stars as the lead character Lucious Lyon in the television series Empire . His debut album , Shine Through It , was released in September 2008 . ", "Charles Davis -LRB- born February 12 , 1927 -RRB- is an American former sports shooter . He competed in the 50 metre running target event at the 1972 Summer Olympics . ", "William James Buchanon -LRB- born April 5 , 1983 -RRB- is a former American football wide receiver who played one season with the Oakland Raiders of the National Football League . He was signed by the Oakland Raiders as an undrafted free agent in 2006 . He played college football at Southern California . Buchanon has also been a member of the New York Giants , Kansas City Chiefs and Carolina Panthers . He is the son of former NFL cornerback Willie Buchanon . " ]

[ 1, 0, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Sausage_Party", "The_Hunting_Party_-LRB-album-RRB-", "The_Parties", "Conrad_Vernon", "Chop_Chop_-LRB-series-RRB-" ]

[ "Sausage Party is a 2016 adult computer-animated comedy film directed by Greg Tiernan and Conrad Vernon and written by Kyle Hunter , Ariel Shaffir , Seth Rogen and Evan Goldberg . It stars the voices of Seth Rogen , Kristen Wiig , Jonah Hill , Bill Hader , Michael Cera , James Franco , Danny McBride , Craig Robinson , Paul Rudd , Nick Kroll , David Krumholtz , Edward Norton , and Salma Hayek . It is the first CGI-animated film to be rated R by the MPAA . A spoof of Disney and Pixar films , it follows a sausage who tries to discover the truth about his existence and goes on a journey with his friends to escape their fate . The film 's rough cut premiered on March 14 , 2016 at South by Southwest and the film was theatrically released in the United States and Canada on August 12 , 2016 by Columbia Pictures . The film received positive reviews from critics and grossed more than $ 140 million . ", "The Hunting Party is the sixth studio album by American rock band Linkin Park . The album , produced by band members Mike Shinoda and Brad Delson , was released by Warner Bros. . Records and Machine Shop on June 13 , 2014 . It is the first album since Meteora -LRB- 2003 -RRB- not to be produced with Rick Rubin , after producing the band 's previous three studio albums . The title The Hunting Party is a contextual metaphor : Linkin Park is the party that is hunting to bring back the energy and soul of rock . The Hunting Party is a departure from the electronic rock sound of the band 's previous two studio albums . The album , described by Shinoda as simply `` a rock record '' , serves a statement by the band against contemporary mainstream and active rock bands , accused by him as `` trying to be other bands and playing it safe '' . Packaged by an artwork by Brandon Parvini based on an original drawing by James Jean , the album took under a year to record and produce , with material being improvisationally written by the band . The album also features guest appearances from Page Hamilton of Helmet , Daron Malakian of System of a Down , Tom Morello of Rage Against the Machine , and Rakim , marking the first time Linkin Park has collaborated with other artists on a studio album . The album was promoted by the band and Warner Bros , with multiple promotional teasers and interviews produced and published in the lead-up to the album 's release and listening parties of the album being held worldwide on multiple dates . The band embarked on the Carnivores Tour , a double-headline tour with Thirty Seconds to Mars , as well as The Hunting Party Tour , in support of the album . Five singles from The Hunting Party have been released ; `` Guilty All the Same '' in March 2014 , `` Until It 's Gone '' in May 2014 , and `` Wastelands '' , `` Rebellion '' and `` Final Masquerade '' in June 2014 . The album received generally positive reviews from critics , who praised its return to the heavier rock sound of their older albums . It debuted at number three on Billboard 200 , and has placed at number four on Revolver 's list of `` The 20 Best Albums of 2014 '' . ", "The Parties may refer to : The Parties -LRB- band -RRB- `` The Parties '' , an episode of That 's So Raven Protected Area Run Time Interface Extension Services -LRB- PARTIES -RRB- , a BIOS interface to access reserved areas on harddisks ", "Conrad Vernon -LRB- born July 11 , 1968 -RRB- is an American director , storyboard artist , writer , and voice actor , best known for his work on the DreamWorks animated film series Shrek as well as other films such as Monsters vs. Aliens , Madagascar 3 : Europe 's Most Wanted , and Penguins of Madagascar . He also co-directed the adult animated film , Sausage Party , which is a spoof of his notable works in DreamWorks . ", "Chop Chop is a series of iOS video games developed by Gamerizon since 2009 . The games in the series cover a wide variety of game types , primarily action and sports games , though they generally share a common art style . According to Gamerizon , 15 million `` Chop Chop '' games were downloaded by 2011 on the App Store and six of those have been downloaded a million times each . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "Yin_and_yang", "Second_wave_positive_psychology", "Empress_Yin", "As_U_Like", "The_Heaven_Sword_and_Dragon_Saber_-LRB-2000_TV_series-RRB-" ]

[ "In Chinese philosophy , yin and yang -LRB- also yin -- yang or yin yang , yīnyáng `` dark -- bright '' -RRB- describe how seemingly opposite or contrary forces may actually be complementary , interconnected , and interdependent in the natural world , and how they may give rise to each other as they interrelate to one another . Many tangible dualities -LRB- such as light and dark , fire and water , expanding and contracting -RRB- are thought of as physical manifestations of the duality symbolized by yin and yang . This duality lies at the origins of many branches of classical Chinese science and philosophy , as well as being a primary guideline of traditional Chinese medicine , and a central principle of different forms of Chinese martial arts and exercise , such as baguazhang , taijiquan -LRB- t ` ai chi -RRB- , and qigong -LRB- Chi Kung -RRB- , as well as appearing in the pages of the I Ching . Duality is found in many belief systems , but Yin and Yang are parts of a Oneness that is also equated with the Tao . A term has been coined dualistic-monism or dialectical monism . Yin and yang can be thought of as complementary -LRB- rather than opposing -RRB- forces that interact to form a dynamic system in which the whole is greater than the assembled parts . Everything has both yin and yang aspects -LRB- for instance , shadow can not exist without light -RRB- . Either of the two major aspects may manifest more strongly in a particular object , depending on the criterion of the observation . The yin yang -LRB- i.e. taijitu symbol -RRB- shows a balance between two opposites with a portion of the opposite element in each section . In Taoist metaphysics , distinctions between good and bad , along with other dichotomous moral judgments , are perceptual , not real ; so , the duality of yin and yang is an indivisible whole . In the ethics of Confucianism on the other hand , most notably in the philosophy of Dong Zhongshu -LRB- 2nd century BC -RRB- , a moral dimension is attached to the idea of yin and yang . ", "Second wave positive psychology -LRB- PP 2.0 -RRB- is concerned with how to bring out the best in individuals and society in spite of and because of the dark side of human existence through the dialectical principles of yin and yang . There has also been a distinct shift from focusing on individual happiness and success to the double vision of individual well-being and the big picture of humanity . PP 2.0 is more about bringing out the `` better angels of our nature '' than achieving optimal happiness or personal success , because the better angels of empathy , compassion , reason , justice , and self-transcendence will make people better human beings and this world a better place . PP 2.0 pivots around the universal human capacity for meaning seeking and meaning making in achieving optimal human functioning under both desirable and undesirable conditions . This emerging movement is an inevitable and necessary corrective response to the inherent problems of what has been called `` positive psychology as usual '' . ", "Empress Yin may mean or refer to : Empress Yin Lihua -LRB- 5 -- 64 -RRB- , wife of Emperor Guangwu of Han Empress Yin -LRB- He -RRB- -LRB- died 102 -RRB- , wife of Emperor He of Han Empress Yin Yuying -LRB- died 453 -RRB- , wife of Liu Shao of Liu Song Lady Yin , first wife of Emperor Taizong of Song , posthumously honored an empress Yin ", "As U Like or As You Like ` Nin Say Yin ' is a 2013 Burmese drama film produced by Sein Htay Film Production . It was based on Nay Naw 's novel . It was directed by Wyne -LRB- Own Creator -RRB- . Pyay Ti Oo , Min Oo and Wut Hmone Shwe Yee starred as the main characters . ", "The Heavenly Sword and Dragon Saber is a Hong Kong television series adapted from Louis Cha 's novel of the same title . The series was released overseas in 2000 before broadcasting on TVB Jade in Hong Kong in 2001 . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Sejong_the_Great", "Taejong_of_Joseon", "Injong_of_Joseon", "Maya_Rosa", "Prince_Jeongwon" ]

[ "Sejong the Great -LRB- -LSB- se.dʑoŋ -RSB- ; 15 May 1397 - 8 April 1450 -RRB- was the fourth king of Joseon-dynasty Korea . He was the third son of King Taejong and Queen consort Min . He was designated as heir-apparent , Crown Prince , after his older brother Jae was stripped of his title . He ascended to the throne in 1418 . During the first four years of his reign , Taejong governed as regent , after which his father-in-law , Sim On , and his close associates were executed . Sejong reinforced Confucian policies and executed major `` legal amendments '' . He also created the Korean alphabet Hangul , encouraged advancements of scientific technology , and instituted many other efforts to stabilize and improve prosperity . He dispatched military campaigns to the north and instituted the Samin Policy to attract new settlers to the region . To the south , he subjugated Japanese raiders and captured Tsushima Island . During his reign from 1418 to 1450 , he governed from 1422 to 1442 and governed as regent with his son Crown Prince Munjong until his death in either 1442 or 1450 . Although the appellation `` the Great '' / '' '' was given posthumously to almost every ruler of Goryeo and Joseon , this title is usually associated with Gwanggaeto and Sejong . ", "Taejong of Joseon -LRB- 13 June 1367 -- 30 May 1422 -RRB- was the third king of the Joseon dynasty in Korea and the father of King Sejong the Great . ", "Injong of Joseon -LRB- 10 March 1515 -- 8 August 1545 , r. 1544 -- 1545 -RRB- was the 12th king of the Joseon Dynasty of Korea . His father was King Jungjong , and his mother was Queen Janggyeong , whose brother was Yun Im . As the firstborn , he became Crown Prince in 1520 and succeeded his father to the throne following Jungjong 's death in 1544 . ", "Maya Rosa Ariana Stefanie -LRB- born 17 August 1986 in Wonosobo -RRB- better known as Maya Rosa , is an Indonesian professional tennis player . She made her debut as a professional in 2003 , aged 16 , at an ITF tournament in Jakarta . In that year , she won gold in the women 's doubles , silver in the women 's team , and silver in the mixed doubles at the Southeast Asian Games in Ho Chi Minh City . In her first year of professional competition , she won two ITF doubles titles , at Jakarta and Manila . Her most recent ITF match was played in 2006 . In 2011 , she returned to international competition in a different sport , Soft Tennis . At the 2011 Southeast Asian Games in Palembang , she won two gold medals for Women 's Doubles and Women 's Team , and one silver medal for Mixed Doubles . Along with partner Prima Simpatiaji , she won the mixed doubles bronze medal in Soft Tennis at the 2014 Asian Games in Incheon . ", "Wonjong of Joseon or Prince Jeongwon -LRB- 2 August 1580 - 29 December 1619 -RRB- was a prince during the Joseon dynasty . He was an illegitimate son of the Joseon dynasty 's 14th monarch , king Seonjo , and half brother of king Gwanghaegun and father of king Injo . His birth name was Yi Bu . He first held the title of Prince Jeongwon and later re-titled as Grand Prince Jeongwon . In 1592 , during the Japanese invasions of Korea , he escaped with king Seonjo and awarded in 1604 in recognition of helping the king to escape . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "IMDb", "List_of_Movie_Fights_episodes", "List_of_biographical_films", "Scanning_the_Movies", "Pokémon_the_Movie-COLON-_Diancie_and_the_Cocoon_of_Destruction" ]

[ "The Internet Movie Database -LRB- abbreviated IMDb -RRB- is an online database of information related to films , television programs and video games , including cast , production crew , fictional characters , biographies , plot summaries , trivia and reviews , operated by IMDb.com , Inc. , a subsidiary of Amazon . Launched in 1990 by computer programmer Col Needham , the company was incorporated in the UK as Internet Movie Database Ltd in 1996 with revenue generated through advertising , licensing and partnerships . In 1998 it became a subsidiary of Amazon Inc. , who were then able to use it as an advertising resource for selling DVDs and videotapes . , IMDb has approximately million titles -LRB- including episodes -RRB- and million personalities in its database , as well as 75 million registered users . The site enables registered users to submit new material and edits to existing entries . Although all data is checked before going live , the system has been open to abuse and occasional errors are acknowledged . Users are also invited to rate any film on a scale of 1 to 10 , and the totals are converted into a weighted mean-rating that is displayed beside each title , with online filters employed to deter ballot-stuffing . The site also featured message boards which stimulate regular debates and dialogue among authenticated users . IMDb shutdown the message boards permanently on February 20 , 2017 . Anyone with an internet connection can view the movie and talent pages of IMDb . A registration process is necessary however , to contribute info to the site . A registered user chooses a site name for themselves , and is given a profile page . This profile page also shows how long a registered user has been a member , as well as personal movie ratings -LRB- should the user decide to display them -RRB- , and is also awarded badges representing how many contributions any particular registered user has submitted . These badges range from total contributions made , to independent categories such as photos , trivia , bios , etc. . If a registered user or visitor happens to be in the entertainment industry , and has an IMDb page , that user/visitor can add photos to that page by enrolling in IMDbPRO . ", "This is a list of Movie Fights episodes which have been published on YouTube by Screen Junkies . ", "This is a list of biographical films . ", "Scanning the Movies is a Canadian educational television series which debuted in September 1997 , and takes a look at current films to understand and analyze films impact on pop culture . The show was created by host John Pungente for educators in media literacy . The show is produced by Bravo ! Canada . Scanning the Movies is presented in classrooms as part of the Cable in the Classroom project . ", "is a 2014 Japanese anime film directed by Kunihiko Yuyama . It is the 17th Pokémon anime movie and the first movie in the XY Series . The movie was released in Japanese theaters on July 19 , 2014 . The movie features the Jewel Pokémon , Diancie , alongside Xerneas , the Life Pokémon , and Yveltal , the Destruction Pokémon . It premiered in Australia and in New Zealand in theaters on November 8 , 2014 . The movie aired on Cartoon Network in the United States on November 8 , 2014 . It was released on DVD and Blu-ray in Japan on December 17 , 2014 . It was also released on DVD format in the United States on February 17 , 2015 . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "China", "Republic_of_China_at_the_1972_Summer_Olympics", "1951_in_China", "外交部", "Polícia_de_Segurança_Pública_-LRB-football-RRB-" ]

[ "China , officially the People 's Republic of China -LRB- PRC -RRB- , is a unitary sovereign state in East Asia and the world 's most populous country , with a population of over 1.381 billion . Covering approximately 9.6 e6km2 , China is the world 's second-largest state by land area and third - or fourth-largest by total area . Governed by the Communist Party of China , it exercises jurisdiction over 22 provinces , five autonomous regions , four direct-controlled municipalities -LRB- Beijing , Tianjin , Shanghai and Chongqing -RRB- and the Special Administrative Regions Hong Kong and Macau , also claiming sovereignty over Taiwan . China is a great power and a major regional power within Asia , and has been characterized as a potential superpower . China emerged as one of the world 's earliest civilizations in the fertile basin of the Yellow River in the North China Plain . For millennia , China 's political system was based on hereditary monarchies , or dynasties , beginning with the legendary Xia dynasty . Since 221 , when the Qin dynasty conquered the other largest six states to form the first unified Chinese empire , China has then expanded , fractured and re-unified numerous times in the following millennia . In 1912 , the Republic of China -LRB- ROC -RRB- replaced the last dynasty and ruled the Chinese mainland until 1949 , when it was defeated by the communist People 's Liberation Army in the Chinese Civil War . The Communist Party established the People 's Republic of China in Beijing on 1 October 1949 , while the ROC government relocated to Taiwan with its present de facto temporary capital in Taipei . Both the ROC and PRC continue to claim to be the legitimate government of all China , though the latter has more recognition in the world and controls more territory . China has had the largest economy in the world for much of the last two thousand years , during which it has seen cycles of prosperity and decline . Since the introduction of economic reforms in 1978 , China has become one of the world 's fastest-growing major economies . , it is the world 's second-largest economy by nominal GDP and largest by purchasing power parity -LRB- PPP -RRB- . China is also the world 's largest exporter and second-largest importer of goods . China is a recognized nuclear weapons state and has the world 's largest standing army and second-largest defense budget . The PRC is a member of the United Nations , as it replaced the ROC as a permanent member of the U.N. Security Council in 1971 . China is also a member of numerous formal and informal multilateral organizations , including the WTO , APEC , BRICS , the Shanghai Cooperation Organization -LRB- SCO -RRB- , the BCIM and the G-20 . ", "The Republic of China -LRB- Taiwan -RRB- competed at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich for the last time as the `` Republic of China '' . The ROC would not return to the Olympics until 1984 and under the name `` Chinese Taipei '' due to objections by the People 's Republic of China over the political status of Taiwan . The PRC , amid the height of the Cultural Revolution , boycotted the Olympics due to the ROC participation under the name `` Republic of China '' . 21 competitors , 15 men and 6 women , took part in 41 events in 10 sports . ", "Events in the year 1951 in the People 's Republic of China . ", "外交部 may refer to : Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People 's Republic of China Ministry of Foreign Affairs -LRB- Singapore -RRB- Ministry of Foreign Affairs -LRB- Taiwan -RRB- ", "Polícia de Segurança Pública -LRB- Traditional Chinese : 警察 -RRB- is a Macanese football team which currently competes in the Liga de Elite . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Henry_III_of_France", "Henry_V_of_England", "Henry_IV_of_France", "Henry_III_of_England", "James_Francis_Edward_Stuart" ]

[ "Henry III -LRB- 19 September 1551 -- 2 August 1589 ; born Alexandre Édouard de France , Henryk Walezy , Henrikas Valua -RRB- was a monarch of the House of Valois who was elected the monarch of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth from 1573 to 1575 and ruled as King of France from 1574 until his death . He was the last French monarch of the Valois dynasty . As the fourth son of King Henry II of France and Catherine de ' Medici , Henry was not expected to assume the throne of France . He was thus a good candidate for the vacant Commonwealth throne , and he was elected with the dual titles King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania . Henry 's rule over the Commonwealth was brief , but notable . The Henrician Articles he signed into law accepting the Commonwealth throne established Poland as an elective monarchy subject to free election by the Polish nobility . Of his three older brothers , two would live long enough to ascend the French throne , but both died young and without a legitimate male heir . He abandoned Commonwealth upon receiving word that he had inherited the throne of France at the age of 22 . The kingdom of France was at the time plagued by the Wars of Religion , and Henry 's authority was undermined by violent political parties funded by foreign powers : the Catholic League -LRB- supported by Spain -RRB- , the Protestant Huguenots -LRB- supported by England and the Dutch -RRB- and the Malcontents , led by Henry 's own brother , the Duke of Alençon , which was a party of Catholic and Protestant aristocrats who jointly opposed the absolutist ambitions of the king . Henry III was himself a politique , arguing that a strong and religiously tolerant monarchy would save France from collapse . After the death of Henry 's younger brother Francis , Duke of Anjou , and when it became apparent that Henry would not produce an heir , the Wars of Religion grew into a succession crisis that resulted in a war known as the War of the Three Henrys . Henry III 's legitimate heir was his distant cousin Henry , King of Navarre , a Protestant . The Catholic League , led by Henry I , Duke of Guise , sought to exclude Protestants from the succession and championed the Catholic Charles , Cardinal of Bourbon , as Henry III 's heir . In 1589 , Jacques Clément , a Catholic fanatic , murdered Henry III , who was succeeded by the King of Navarre who , as Henry IV , would assume the throne of France after converting to Catholicism , and become the first French king of the House of Bourbon . ", "Henry V -LRB- 9 August 1386 -- 31 August 1422 -RRB- was King of England from 1413 until his death at the age of 36 in 1422 . He was the second English monarch who came from the House of Lancaster . After military experience fighting the Welsh during the revolt of Owain Glyndŵr , and against the powerful aristocratic Percys of Northumberland at the Battle of Shrewsbury , Henry came into political conflict with his father , whose health was increasingly precarious from 1405 onward . After his father 's death in 1413 , Henry assumed control of the country and embarked on war with France in the ongoing Hundred Years ' War -LRB- 1337 -- 1453 -RRB- between the two nations . His military successes culminated in his famous victory at the Battle of Agincourt -LRB- 1415 -RRB- and saw him come close to conquering France . After months of negotiation with Charles VI of France , the Treaty of Troyes -LRB- 1420 -RRB- recognised Henry V as regent and heir apparent to the French throne , and he was subsequently married to Charles 's daughter , Catherine of Valois -LRB- 1401 -- 37 -RRB- . Following Henry V 's sudden and unexpected death in France two years later , he was succeeded by his infant son , who reigned as Henry VI -LRB- 1422 -- 61 , 1470 -- 71 -RRB- . ", "Henry IV -LRB- Henri IV , read as Henri-Quatre -LSB- ɑ̃ʁi.katʁ -RSB- ; 13 December 1553 -- 14 May 1610 -RRB- , also known by the epithet `` Good King Henry '' , was King of Navarre -LRB- as Henry III -RRB- from 1572 to 1610 and King of France from 1589 to 1610 . He was the first French monarch of the House of Bourbon , a branch of the Capetian dynasty . Baptised as a Catholic but raised in the Protestant faith by his mother Jeanne d'Albret , Queen of Navarre , he inherited the throne of Navarre in 1572 on the death of his mother . As a Huguenot , Henry was involved in the French Wars of Religion , barely escaping assassination in the St. Bartholomew 's Day massacre , and later led Protestant forces against the royal army . Henry , as Head of the House of Bourbon , was a direct male-line descendant of Louis IX of France , and `` first prince of the blood '' . Upon the death of his brother-in-law and distant cousin Henry III of France in 1589 , Henry was called to the French succession by the Salic law . He initially kept the Protestant faith and had to fight against the Catholic League , which denied that he could wear France 's crown as a Protestant . To obtain mastery over his kingdom , after four years of stalemate , he found it prudent to abjure the Calvinist faith . As a pragmatic politician -LRB- in the parlance of the time , a politique -RRB- , he displayed an unusual religious tolerance for the era . Notably , he promulgated the Edict of Nantes -LRB- 1598 -RRB- , which guaranteed religious liberties to Protestants , thereby effectively ending the Wars of Religion . He was assassinated in 1610 by François Ravaillac , a fanatical Catholic , and was succeeded by his son Louis XIII . Considered a usurper by some Catholics and a traitor by some Protestants , Henry became target of at least 12 assassination attempts . An unpopular king immediately after his accession , Henry 's popularity greatly improved after his death , in light of repeated victories over his enemies and his conversion to Catholicism . The `` Good King Henry '' -LRB- le bon roi Henri -RRB- was remembered for his geniality and his great concern about the welfare of his subjects . He was celebrated in the popular song Vive le roi Henri and in Voltaire 's Henriade . ", "Henry III -LRB- 1 October 1207 -- 16 November 1272 -RRB- , also known as Henry of Winchester , was King of England , Lord of Ireland and Duke of Aquitaine from 1216 until his death . The son of King John and Isabella of Angoulême , Henry assumed the throne when he was only nine in the middle of the First Barons ' War . Cardinal Guala declared the war against the rebel barons to be a religious crusade and Henry 's forces , led by William Marshal , defeated the rebels at the battles of Lincoln and Sandwich in 1217 . Henry promised to abide by the Great Charter of 1225 , which limited royal power and protected the rights of the major barons . His early rule was dominated first by Hubert de Burgh and then Peter des Roches , who re-established royal authority after the war . In 1230 the King attempted to reconquer the provinces of France that had once belonged to his father , but the invasion was a debacle . A revolt led by William Marshal 's son , Richard , broke out in 1232 , ending in a peace settlement negotiated by the Church . Following the revolt , Henry ruled England personally , rather than governing through senior ministers . He travelled less than previous monarchs , investing heavily in a handful of his favourite palaces and castles . He married Eleanor of Provence , with whom he had five children . Henry was known for his piety , holding lavish religious ceremonies and giving generously to charities ; the King was particularly devoted to the figure of Edward the Confessor , whom he adopted as his patron saint . He extracted huge sums of money from the Jews in England , ultimately crippling their ability to do business , and as attitudes towards the Jews hardened , he introduced the Statute of Jewry , attempting to segregate the community . In a fresh attempt to reclaim his family 's lands in France , he invaded Poitou in 1242 , leading to the disastrous Battle of Taillebourg . After this , Henry relied on diplomacy , cultivating an alliance with Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II . Henry supported his brother Richard in his bid to become King of the Romans in 1256 , but was unable to place his own son Edmund on the throne of Sicily , despite investing large amounts of money . He planned to go on crusade to the Levant , but was prevented from doing so by rebellions in Gascony . By 1258 , Henry 's rule was increasingly unpopular , the result of the failure of his expensive foreign policies and the notoriety of his Poitevin half-brothers , the Lusignans , as well as the role of his local officials in collecting taxes and debts . A coalition of his barons , initially probably backed by Eleanor , seized power in a coup d'état and expelled the Poitevins from England , reforming the royal government through a process called the Provisions of Oxford . Henry and the baronial government enacted a peace with France in 1259 , under which Henry gave up his rights to his other lands in France in return for King Louis IX of France recognising him as the rightful ruler of Gascony . The baronial regime collapsed but Henry was unable to reform a stable government and instability across England continued . In 1263 one of the more radical barons , Simon de Montfort , seized power , resulting in the Second Barons ' War . Henry persuaded Louis to support his cause and mobilised an army . The Battle of Lewes occurred in 1264 , where Henry was defeated and taken prisoner . Henry 's eldest son , Edward , escaped from captivity to defeat de Montfort at the Battle of Evesham the following year and freed his father . Henry initially enacted a harsh revenge on the remaining rebels , but was persuaded by the Church to mollify his policies through the Dictum of Kenilworth . Reconstruction was slow and Henry had to acquiesce to various measures , including further suppression of the Jews , to maintain baronial and popular support . Henry died in 1272 , leaving Edward as his successor . He was buried in Westminster Abbey , which he had rebuilt in the second half of his reign , and was moved to his current tomb in 1290 . Some miracles were declared after his death but he was not canonised . ", "James Francis Edward , Prince of Wales -LRB- 10 June 1688 -- 1 January 1766 -RRB- , nicknamed the Old Pretender , was the son of King James II and VII , the monarch of the three kingdoms of England , Scotland and Ireland , and his second wife Mary of Modena . His Catholic father was deposed in the Glorious Revolution of 1688 only months after his birth , and his Protestant older half-sister , Mary II and her husband William III of Orange became king and queen . The Bill of Rights 1689 and Act of Succession 1701 excluded Catholics from the British throne , and James was raised in exile . After his father 's death in 1701 , James claimed the English , Scottish and Irish thrones as James III of England and Ireland and James VIII of Scotland , in which he was supported by his Jacobite followers and his cousin Louis XIV of France . In 1715 , he unsuccessfully attempted to gain power in Britain during the Jacobite Rising of 1715 . Following his death in 1766 , his oldest son Charles Edward Stuart continued to make these claims pursuant to the Jacobite Succession . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 2, 1 ]

[ "Kareem_Abdul-Jabbar", "Sajjan_Singh_Cheema", "Ibrahim_Ghaleb", "Fadi_El_Khatib", "Nemanja_Jelesijević" ]

[ "Kareem Abdul-Jabbar -LRB- born Ferdinand Lewis Alcindor Jr. ; April 16 , 1947 -RRB- is an American retired professional basketball player who played 20 seasons in the National Basketball Association -LRB- NBA -RRB- for the Milwaukee Bucks and the Los Angeles Lakers . During his career as a center , Abdul-Jabbar was a record six-time NBA Most Valuable Player -LRB- MVP -RRB- , a record 19-time NBA All-Star , a 15-time All-NBA selection , and an 11-time NBA All-Defensive Team member . A member of six NBA championship teams as a player and two as an assistant coach , Abdul-Jabbar twice was voted NBA Finals MVP . In 1996 , he was honored as one of the 50 Greatest Players in NBA History . NBA coach Pat Riley and players Isiah Thomas and Julius Erving have called him the greatest basketball player of all time . After winning 71 consecutive basketball games on his high school team in New York City , Alcindor attended college at UCLA , where he played for coach John Wooden on three consecutive national championship basketball teams and was a record three-time MVP of the NCAA Tournament . Drafted by the one-season-old Bucks franchise in the 1969 NBA draft with the first overall pick , Alcindor spent six seasons in Milwaukee . After winning his first NBA championship in 1971 , he adopted the Muslim name Kareem Abdul-Jabbar at age 24 . Using his trademark `` skyhook '' shot , he established himself as one of the league 's top scorers . In 1975 , he was traded to the Lakers , with whom he played the last 14 seasons of his career and won five additional NBA championships . Abdul-Jabbar 's contributions were a key component in the `` Showtime '' era of Lakers basketball . Over his 20-year NBA career his team succeeded in making the playoffs 18 times and past the 1st round in 14 of them ; his team reached the NBA Finals 10 times . At the time of his retirement in 1989 , Abdul-Jabbar was the NBA 's all-time leader in points scored -LRB- 38,387 -RRB- , games played -LRB- 1,560 -RRB- , minutes played -LRB- 57,446 -RRB- , field goals made -LRB- 15,837 -RRB- , field goal attempts -LRB- 28,307 -RRB- , blocked shots -LRB- 3,189 -RRB- , defensive rebounds -LRB- 9,394 -RRB- , career wins -LRB- 1,074 -RRB- , and personal fouls -LRB- 4,657 -RRB- . He remains the all-time leading scorer in the NBA , and player with most career wins . He is ranked 3rd all-time in both rebounds and blocks . In 2007 , ESPN voted him the greatest center of all time , in 2008 , they named him the `` greatest player in college basketball history '' , and in 2016 , they named him the second best player in NBA history -LRB- behind Michael Jordan -RRB- . Abdul-Jabbar has also been an actor , a basketball coach , and a best-selling author . In 2012 , he was selected by Secretary of State Hillary Clinton to be a U.S. global cultural ambassador . In 2016 , he received the Presidential Medal of Freedom from President Barack Obama . ", "Sajjan Singh Cheema is a former basketball player from India . He represented India in 1982 Asian Games and other international tournaments and matches including Asian Basketball Championship in 1981 , 1983 and 1985 . He was honoured with Arjuna award in 1999 and Maharaja Ranjit Singh Award in 1983 . Sajjan Singh was born in 1957 in Dabulian village in Kapurthala district in Punjab state . He studied at Kamalia Khalsa High School Kapurthala and at Sport College Jalandhar . He started playing basketball in 1976 and first participated in Inter university tournament held in Jaipur in 1976 . He retired from playing in 1994 . He served as SP with Punjab Police and additionally the Deputy Commissioner of Police -LRB- Traffic -RRB- Ludhiana . His brothers Balkar Singh and Gurmeet Singh and cousin Kuldeep Singh Cheema also played basketball and represented India . Guneet Kaur the daughter of Sajjan Singh has played in the under-17 category at the national level . Being appointed as the Candidate for Aam Aadmi Party from Sultanpur Lodhi Constituency for the punjab elections of 2017 . ", "Ibrahim Mohammed Ghaleb Jahshan -LRB- Arabic : إبراهيم محمد غالب جحشان ; born 28 September 1990 -RRB- is a Saudi Arabian footballer . He currently plays for Al-Nassr in the Saudi Professional League . ", "Fadi El Khatib , born December 18 , 1979 -RRB- is a Lebanese professional basketball player for Homenetmen Beirut in the Lebanese Basketball League He was also a main member of the Lebanon national basketball team that participated in the 2002 FIBA World Championship in Indianapolis in the United States , in the 2006 FIBA World Championship which took place in Japan , and in the 2010 FIBA World Championship held in Turkey . ", "Nemanja Jelesijevic -LRB- born July 1 , 1979 -RRB- is a Serbian professional basketball player who last played for Gimle BBK Bergen of the Norway First League . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Brian_De_Palma", "Brian_Robinson_-LRB-cyclist-RRB-", "Brian_Robinson", "Brian_Oliván", "Brian_Wilson_-LRB-footballer,_born_1957-RRB-" ]

[ "Brian Russell De Palma -LRB- born September 11 , 1940 -RRB- is an American film director and screenwriter . He is considered part of the New Hollywood wave of filmmaking . In a career spanning over 50 years , he is best known for his suspense , psychological thriller , and crime films . He directed successful and popular films such as the supernatural horror Carrie , the erotic crime thriller Dressed to Kill , the thriller Blow Out , the crime dramas Scarface , The Untouchables , and Carlito 's Way , and the action spy film Mission : Impossible . ", "Brian Robinson BEM -LRB- born 3 November 1930 -RRB- is an English former road bicycle racer of the 1950s and early 1960s . He was the first Briton to finish the Tour de France and the first to win a Tour stage . His success as a professional cyclist in mainland Europe paved the way for other Britons such as Tom Simpson and Barry Hoban . ", "Brian Robinson may refer to : ", "Brian Oliván Herrero -LRB- born 1 April 1994 -RRB- is a Spanish footballer who plays for Cádiz CF on loan from Granada CF as a left back . ", "Brian Wilson -LRB- born 14 April 1957 -RRB- is an English former professional footballer who played in the Football League , as a defender . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 0, 1 ]

[ "Touch_My_Body", "Moving_on_the_Edges_of_Things", "Gifts_-LRB-song-RRB-", "A_Touch_of_Sadness", "Never_Wanted_to_Dance" ]

[ "`` Touch My Body '' is a song by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey , taken from her eleventh studio album , E = MC ² -LRB- 2008 -RRB- . Carey co-produced the song with Christopher `` Tricky '' Stewart , and they co-wrote it with Crystal `` Cri $ tyle '' Johnson , and Terius `` The Dream '' Nash . `` Touch My Body '' was released as the album 's lead single on February 12 , 2008 . The song 's lyrics feature a double message , with the first describing sexual fantasies with her lover , while also jokingly warning him against recording or releasing information regarding their rendezvous . The song received generally positive reviews from music critics , with many highlighting the song 's light pop melody and hook ; however , it also garnered some backlash from certain music reviewers , who felt the song did not properly represent the singer 's acclaimed 5-octave vocal range . `` Touch My Body '' became Carey 's eighteenth chart topper on the Billboard Hot 100 , making Carey the solo artist with the most number one singles in United States history , surpassing the record held by Elvis Presley . Additionally , it gave Carey her 79th week atop the chart , tying Presley for most weeks at number one . Throughout Europe , the song also achieved high charting , peaking within the top five on the charts in Italy , Japan , New Zealand , Switzerland , and the United Kingdom . Carey performed `` Touch My Body '' on several live televised events and programs , debuting it on Saturday Night Live as a two-piece performance . Similarly , Carey opened the Good Morning America `` Summer Concert Series '' on April 25 , 2008 , singing the song , as well as two other singles from E = MC ² . Similar renditions took place at the season premiere party of The Hills , as well as a mash-up of the song with `` I 'll Be Lovin ' U Long Time '' at the Teen Choice Awards . Aside from reprising performances of the British programs The Sunday Night Project and The Paul O'Grady Show , and German talent show Deutschland sucht den Superstar , the song was included on the set-list of Carey 's North American Angels Advocate Tour , held throughout 2009 and 2010 . The song 's music video was directed by filmmaker Brett Ratner , who had previously worked with Carey on five other music videos . It follows around a story revolving around a computer employee 's fantasy as he visits Carey 's home . As he fixes her computer , he enters a fantasy in which the pair perform several activities together , including pillow fights , laser tag , Guitar Hero , slot cars , and frisbee throwing , all while Carey shows off her figure in several revealing outfits . The music video won in the category of `` Best Comedic Video '' at the 2008 BET Awards , and won the `` MTV Video Vanguard Award '' at the 2008 MTV Video Music Awards Japan . Additionally , the video was nominated for `` Best Female Video '' at the 2008 MTV Video Music Awards . ", "Moving on the Edges of Things is an EP by the American band This Will Destroy You . It was released on August 10 , 2010 through Magic Bullet Records , although it was available on the label 's website from July . It was released on 12 '' vinyl , with the first , and currently only , pressing limited to 1000 copies . ", "`` Gifts '' is the second single from Ray J 's album All I Feel . The video was released on June 12 , 2008 . ", "A Touch of Sadness is a posthumous 1968 album of material by Jim Reeves who died in 1964 . The album reached No. 3 on the US Country chart . The song `` When You Are Gone was released in September 1968 as the first single from the album and peaked at number 7 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles . ", "`` Never Wanted to Dance '' is a single by the American electropunk group Mindless Self Indulgence , released in the US on March 18 , 2008 . The single reached number 1 on the Billboard Hot 100 Singles Sales chart . Released in the U.S. as a CD of 6 remixes , it was later released in the UK as a 2-part CD single , and a 7 '' record on August 25 , 2008 . `` Never Wanted to Dance '' is on the soundtrack to Madden NFL 09 and the Combichrist Electro Hurtz Mix is on the soundtrack for Need for Speed : Undercover . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 1 ]

[ "Dulquer_Salmaan", "Miquel_Brines_Ferrer", "Pellam", "Federico_Elduayen", "Ustad_Hotel" ]

[ "Dulquer Salmaan -LRB- born 28 July 1986 -RRB- , referred popularly as DQ , is an Indian film actor who appears predominantly in Malayalam films . The son of film actor Mammootty , Salmaan graduated with a bachelor 's degree in Business Management from Purdue University , and worked as a business manager before pursuing a career in acting . Salmaan made his acting debut in the 2012 action drama Second Show , for which he received the Filmfare Award for Best Male Debut . He received his first Filmfare Award for Best Actor nomination for his performance in Ustad Hotel -LRB- 2012 -RRB- . After the commercial success of the comedy ABCD : American-Born Confused Desi -LRB- 2013 -RRB- and the romantic drama Neelakasham Pachakadal Chuvanna Bhoomi -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , Salmaan appeared in the Tamil romantic comedy Vaayai Moodi Pesavum -LRB- 2014 -RRB- . He followed it by starring in the ensemble romantic drama Bangalore Days -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , which rank among the highest-grossing Malayalam films . He achieved further success in Tamil cinema with Mani Ratnam 's a critically and commercially successful romance O Kadhal Kanmani -LRB- 2014 -RRB- . Subsequently , Salmaan garnered acclaim for portraying the title role in the 2015 romantic drama Charlie , winning him the Kerala State Film Award for Best Actor . Salmaan married architect Amal Sufiya in 2011 with whom he has one daughter . Cited in the media as one of the most attractive Indian celebrities , Salmaan has also been recognised for his fashion style . He owns several entrepreneurship ventures and promotes various social causes . ", "Miquel Brines Ferrer -LRB- Simat de la Valldigna -RRB- , a.k.a. Coeter I , is a Valencian pilota player , in the category of raspall . He is brother of the also champion Paco Luis , Coeter II . ", "King Pellam of Listeneise is the name that Malory gives to the Maimed King in his rendition of the tale of Sir Balin , at whose hands Pellam suffers the Dolorous Stroke . In the Vulgate and Post-Vulgate Cycles , Malory 's source for these episodes , the character is called Pellehan . The Dolorous Stroke is typically represented as divine vengeance for a sin on the part its recipient . The nature of Pellam 's sin is not stated explicitly , though he at least tolerates his murderous brother Garlon , who slays knights while under cover of invisibility , apparently at random . Pellam also holds feasts to which `` no knight may come there but if he bring his wife with him , or his paramour '' : this seems at odds with the adulation of chastity commonly associated with the Holy Grail . Pellam is eventually healed when Galahad , Bors , and Percival achieve the Grail . At one point , Malory unambiguously identifies Pellam with Pelles , another Maimed King and the grandfather of Galahad -LRB- Le Morte d'Arthur , book 18 , chapter 5 -RRB- . This may be the result of Malory 's confusion of two different sources ; he used the Post-Vulgate Cycle for the story of Balin , and the earlier Vulgate Cycle for his account of the Quest for the Holy Grail . In the Vulgate 's -LRB- somewhat -RRB- clearer Grail lineage , Pelles is the son of Pellehan and is wounded in a separate accident , while in the Post-Vulgate Pelles and Pellehan are brothers . The further step of mistaking them as the same character would be understandable ; he makes a similar confusion between the brothers Ywain and Ywain the Bastard , whom he eventually regards as the same character , though he had initially treated as separate . Category : Arthurian characters ", "Federico Martín Elduayén Saldaña -LRB- born June 25 , 1977 -RRB- is an Uruguayan football goalkeeper who plays for Universitario de Sucre in the Liga de Fútbol Profesional Boliviano . His nickname is `` Vikingo '' -LRB- Viking -RRB- . He began his career in the youth squads of Peñarol . He made his professional debut in 1999 , in the Copa Mercosur defending Peñarol against Vasco Da Gama in Brazil . Elduayén participated in six straight Copa Libertadores editions with Peñarol from 2000 -- 2005 . He was the team 's starting goalkeeper until 2005 when he lost his job and moved to Universidad de Concepción in Chile . Ever since joining the Chilean side he became the starting goalkeeper there . He renewed his contract until the end of the 2009 season . The following year Elduayén transferred to O'Higgins where he played for one season , before signing with Unión Española . In 2012 , he landed in Bolivia and signing for Universitario de Sucre . Elduayen made one appearance for the Uruguay national football team and was part of the squad for the 2002 FIFA World Cup . ", "Ustad Hotel is a 2012 Indian Malayalam-language drama film directed by Anwar Rasheed , written by Anjali Menon and produced by Listin Stephen under the banner of Magic Frames . The film 's distribution was handled by Central Pictures . The film stars Dulquer Salmaan and Nithya Menen in lead roles , with a stellar side cast including veterans Thilakan , Siddique , Mamukkoya , and Lena Abhilash , along with Asif Ali and Jishnu in cameo roles . The film is about a young man named Faizal , known as Faizi -LRB- played by Dulquer -RRB- , who studies in Switzerland as a chef against his father 's -LRB- played by Siddique -RRB- wishes . When this matter comes to light , the father snatches away his passport to prevent him from taking up his new job in UK . As the relation between father and son deteriorates , Faizi is forced to work as a cook in a restaurant at Kozhikode -LRB- Calicut -RRB- run by his grandfather Karim -LRB- played by Thilakan -RRB- till he can plan something alternate . A strong bond develops between Karim , an elderly Sufi Muslim , and his educated grandson who over the course of the story , learns about servitude and the purpose of his profession . He eventually decides to work permanently in the restaurant . The film goes beyond its fun-filled moments to discuss issues of poverty , under-privilege and tensions between rich and poor in India . Food and its role in basic sustenance and bonding between people , becomes a central character in the film . Ustad Hotel was released on 13 July 2012 . It was a commercial success . The film won three National Film Awards , for Best Popular Film , Anjali Menon won the award for Best Dialogues and Thilakan got a Special Mention . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Probot", "Theo_Goutzinakis", "Andy_Provan", "Jack_Taylor_-LRB-musician-RRB-", "Joe_B._Mauldin" ]

[ "Probot was a heavy metal side project of ex-Nirvana drummer and Foo Fighters rhythm guitarist and lead-singer Dave Grohl . Described by Grohl as `` a death metal Supernatural '' , the album mixes instrumentals recorded by Grohl himself with various metal singers which the musician admired . The album was released in February 2004 by Southern Lord Records . It featured one single entitled `` Centuries of Sin '' / `` The Emerald Law '' . ", "Theo Goutzinakis -LRB- born 19 July 1978 -RRB- is a founding member of punk band Gob . He is the guitarist and vocalist . He is of Greek descent . He has also appeared in the movies Going the Distance and Sharp as Marbles . He mainly plays Gibson Les Paul and Gibson ES models . He served as a vocalist , a guitarist , and a bassist in many other bands before he started Gob with co-vocalist/guitarist Tom Thacker . ", "Andrew McKelvie Hughes `` Andy '' Provan -LRB- born 1 January 1944 in Greenock -RRB- , also known as Drew Provan , is a Scottish former footballer who played in the Scottish Football League for St Mirren , in the Football League for Barnsley , York City , Chester , Wrexham , Southport and Torquay United , and in the North American Soccer League for the Philadelphia Atoms . ", "Jack Taylor -LRB- 1965 -- 1997 -RRB- was an American musician and member of several popular bands . He was born Richard Violet in Urbana , Ohio . In his early twenties he played guitar with The Gibson Bros and went on to form the Columbus , Ohio , avant-garde noise band Monster Truck Five . Late in his career he fronted , with Jeffrey Evans , the Memphis rock n roll act the '68 Comeback and appeared in , and provided the title song for , the John Michael McCarthy film The Sore Losers . He died in 1997 of an overdose . ", "Joseph Benson Mauldin , Jr. -LRB- July 8 , 1940 -- February 7 , 2015 -RRB- was an American bass player , songwriter , and audio engineer who was best known as the bassist for the early rock and roll group The Crickets . Mauldin initially played a double -LRB- standup -RRB- bass , then switched to a Fender Precision Bass guitar . After several years with The Crickets , he became a recording engineer at Gold Star Studios , the Los Angeles studio which became the `` hit factory '' for Phil Spector , Brian Wilson , and other major 1960s rock performers . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Anxiety", "Anxiety_disorder", "Nightmare", "Adjustment_disorder", "Anxiety_-LRB-painting-RRB-" ]

[ "Anxiety is an emotion characterized by an unpleasant state of inner turmoil , often accompanied by nervous behavior , such as pacing back and forth , somatic complaints , and rumination . It is the subjectively unpleasant feelings of dread over anticipated events , such as the feeling of imminent death . Anxiety is not the same as fear , which is a response to a real or perceived immediate threat , whereas anxiety is the expectation of future threat . Anxiety is a feeling of uneasiness and worry , usually generalized and unfocused as an overreaction to a situation that is only subjectively seen as menacing . It is often accompanied by muscular tension , restlessness , fatigue and problems in concentration . Anxiety can be appropriate , but when experienced regularly the individual may suffer from an anxiety disorder . People facing anxiety may withdraw from situations which have provoked anxiety in the past . There are various types of anxiety . Existential anxiety can occur when a person faces angst , an existential crisis , or nihilistic feelings . People can also face mathematical anxiety , somatic anxiety , stage fright , or test anxiety . Social anxiety and stranger anxiety are caused when people are apprehensive around strangers or other people in general . Furthermore , anxiety has been linked with physical symptoms such as IBS and can heighten other mental health illnesses such as OCD and panic disorder . The first step in the management of a person with anxiety symptoms is to evaluate the possible presence of an underlying medical cause , whose recognition is essential in order to decide its correct treatment . Anxiety symptoms may be masking an organic disease , or appear associated or as a result of a medical disorder . Anxiety can be either a short term `` state '' or a long term `` trait '' . Whereas trait anxiety represents worrying about future events , anxiety disorders are a group of mental disorders characterized by feelings of anxiety and fear . Anxiety disorders are partly genetic but may also be due to drug use , including alcohol , caffeine , and benzodiazepines -LRB- which are often prescribed to treat anxiety -RRB- , as well as withdrawal from drugs of abuse . They often occur with other mental disorders , particularly bipolar disorder , eating disorders , major depressive disorder , or certain personality disorders . Common treatment options include lifestyle changes , medication , and therapy . ", "Anxiety disorders are a group of mental disorders characterized by feelings of anxiety and fear . Anxiety is a worry about future events and fear is a reaction to current events . These feelings may cause physical symptoms , such as a fast heart rate and shakiness . There are a number of anxiety disorders : including generalized anxiety disorder , specific phobia , social anxiety disorder , separation anxiety disorder , agoraphobia , panic disorder , and selective mutism . The disorder differs by what results in the symptoms . People often have more than one anxiety disorder . The cause of anxiety disorders is a combination of genetic and environmental factors . Risk factors include a history of child abuse , family history of mental disorders , and poverty . Anxiety disorders often occur with other mental disorders , particularly major depressive disorder , personality disorder , and substance use disorder . To be diagnosed symptoms typically need to be present for at least six months , be more than would be expected for the situation , and decrease functioning . Other problems that may result in similar symptoms including hyperthyroidism ; heart disease ; caffeine , alcohol , or cannabis use ; and withdrawal from certain drugs , among others . Without treatment , anxiety disorders tend to remain . Treatment may include lifestyle changes , counselling , and medications . Counselling is typically with a type of cognitive behavioural therapy . Medications , such as antidepressants or beta blockers , may improve symptoms . About 12 % of people are affected by an anxiety disorder in a given year and between 5-30 % are affected at some point in their life . They occur about twice as often in females as males , and generally begin before the age of 25 . The most common are specific phobia which affects nearly 12 % and social anxiety disorder which affects 10 % at some point in their life . They affect those between the ages of 15 and 35 the most and become less common after the age of 55 . Rates appear to be higher in the United States and Europe . ", "A nightmare , also called a bad dream , is an unpleasant dream that can cause a strong emotional response from the mind , typically fear but also despair , anxiety and great sadness . The dream may contain situations of discomfort , psychological or physical terror or panic . Sufferers often awaken in a state of distress and may be unable to return to sleep for a small period . Nightmares can have physical causes such as sleeping in an uncomfortable or awkward position , having a fever , or psychological causes such as stress , anxiety , and as a side effect of various drugs . Eating before going to sleep , which triggers an increase in the body 's metabolism and brain activity , is a potential stimulus for nightmares . Recurrent nightmares may require medical help , as they can interfere with sleeping patterns and cause insomnia . ", "An adjustment disorder -LRB- AD -RRB- -- sometimes called exogenous , reactive , or situational depression -- occurs when an individual is unable to adjust to or cope with a particular stress or a major life event . Since people with this disorder normally have symptoms that depressed people do , such as general loss of interest , feelings of hopelessness and crying , this disorder is sometimes known as situational depression . Unlike major depression , the disorder is caused by an outside stressor and generally resolves once the individual is able to adapt to the situation . One hypothesis about AD is that it may represent a sub-threshold clinical syndrome . The condition is different from anxiety disorder , which lacks the presence of a stressor , or post-traumatic stress disorder and acute stress disorder , which usually are associated with a more intense stressor . Common characteristics of AD include mild depressive symptoms , anxiety symptoms , and traumatic stress symptoms or a combination of the three . There are nine types of AD listed in the DSM-III-R . According to the DSM-IV-TR , there are six types of AD , which are characterized by the following predominant symptoms : depressed mood , anxiety , mixed depression and anxiety , disturbance of conduct , mixed disturbance of emotions and conduct , and unspecified . However , the criteria for these symptoms are not specified in greater detail . AD may be acute or chronic , depending on whether it lasts more or less than six months . According to the DSM-IV-TR , if the AD lasts less than 6 months , then it may be considered acute . If it lasts more than six months , it may be considered chronic . Moreover , the symptoms can not last longer than six months after the stressor -LRB- s -RRB- , or its consequences , have terminated . Diagnosis of AD is quite common ; there is an estimated incidence of 5 % -- 21 % among psychiatric consultation services for adults . Adult women are diagnosed twice as often as are adult men . Among children and adolescents , girls and boys are equally likely to receive this diagnosis . AD was introduced into the psychiatric classification systems almost 30 years ago , but similar syndromes were recognized for many years before that . ", "Anxiety -LRB- Angst -RRB- is an oil-on-canvas painting created by the expressionist artist Edvard Munch in 1894 . It 's currently housed in Munch Museum in Oslo , Norway . Many art critics feel that Anxiety is closely related to Munch 's more famous piece , The Scream . The faces show despair and the dark colors show a depressed state . Many critics also believe it 's meant to show heartbreak and sorrow , which are common emotions all people feel . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]

[ "Northwestern_University", "List_of_Northwestern_University_presidents", "Michigan_State_University_College_of_Nursing", "Wayne_State_University_Buildings", "The_Detroit_Partnership" ]

[ "Northwestern University -LRB- NU -RRB- is a private research university based in Evanston , Illinois , with campuses in Chicago , Illinois , and Doha , Qatar , and academic programs/facilities in Washington , D.C. , and San Francisco , California . Composed of twelve schools and colleges , Northwestern offers 124 undergraduate degrees and 145 graduate and professional degrees . It is considered one of the most prestigious universities in the United States , notably in social sciences where it ranks 11th worldwide . Northwestern was founded in 1851 by John Evans , for whom the City of Evanston is named , and eight other lawyers , businessmen and Methodist leaders . Its founding purpose was to serve the Northwest Territory , an area that today includes the states of Ohio , Indiana , Illinois , Michigan , Wisconsin and parts of Minnesota . Instruction began in 1855 ; women were admitted in 1869 . Today , the main campus is a 240 acre parcel in Evanston , along the shores of Lake Michigan 12 miles north of downtown Chicago . The university 's law , medical , and professional schools are located on a 25 acre campus in Chicago 's Streeterville neighborhood . In 2008 , the university opened a campus in Education City , Doha , Qatar with programs in journalism and communication . In 2016 , Northwestern opened its San Francisco space at 44 Montgomery St. , which hosts journalism , engineering , and marketing programs . Northwestern is a large research university with a comprehensive doctoral program and it attracts over $ 650 million in sponsored research each year . Northwestern has the tenth largest university endowment in the United States , currently valued at $ 9.6 billion . In 2017 , the university accepted 9.0 % of undergraduate applicants from a pool of 37,255 . Northwestern is a founding member of the Big Ten Conference and remains the only private university in the conference . The Northwestern Wildcats compete in 19 intercollegiate sports in the NCAA 's Division I Big Ten Conference . ", "Northwestern University has had 21 presidents since it was founded in 1851 . ", "The Michigan State University College of Nursing is the nursing college at Michigan State University . It is located on the southeastern side of campus in East Lansing , Michigan , United States . The college is centered in the Life Sciences Building , adjacent to the College of Human Medicine . The dean of the school is Randolph F. R. Rasch , PhD , RN , FAANP . The College of Nursing is among the top 100 graduate nursing programs in the country , ranking at # 36 in the nation according to U.S. News & World Report . The College of Nursing at Michigan State University offers a professional student environment that fosters professional and personal development of pre-nursing and nursing students . The College shares the university 's research , compassion , and high-achieving educational goals . The College provides several options to become a nurse or advance your nursing education . Those include : BSN Pathways -LRB- Traditional , Accelerated Second Degree , and Registered Nurses -RRB- , MSN Concentrations -LRB- Nurse Practitioner , Clinical Nurse Specialist with Nurse Education , and Nurse Anesthesia -RRB- , DNP program , PhD program and Continuing Education . According to the College of Nursing 's website , `` 80 faculty members represent a diverse blend of leading scholars and distinguished healthcare professionals who bring real world experience to the classroom . They conduct research that helps students graduate with confidence of moving forward with careers . '' As a part of their role in the College of Nursing , faculty maintains a clinical practice . According to the Faculty Practice page , the clinic believes `` teaching research , practice and service must be closely integrated to achieve excellence . It is also backed by the research of MSU , education programs of the College and Michigan State University Health Team . '' The College of Nursing also offers professional partnerships to deliver community care that improves health outcomes . The College believes utilizing partnerships with numerous individual nurses , healthcare organizations , and institutions increases the skills of nursing professionals and positively impact the growing healthcare system . According to Michigan State University College of Nursing , offering Academic Instructional Support Services -LRB- AISS -RRB- provides teaching and learning support for faculty and students involved in onsite , offsite , and distance education programs . There are five technology classrooms located on the first floor of the Life Sciences and Bott Building for nursing education and research . These classrooms include a combination of audio , visual , and computing equipment . The Bott Building supports the College 's growth as a national research leader and will help the state address its nursing shortage . The three-story , 50,000-square-foot building has two of three floors that are devoted to nursing research and doctoral studies . The second and third floors provides space for PhD students and College of Nursing researchers to conduct research and host seminars . ", "The Wayne State University Buildings historic district consists of three buildings on 4735-4841 Cass Avenue in Midtown Detroit , Michigan : the Mackenzie House -LRB- 4735 Cass -RRB- , Hilberry Theatre -LRB- 4743 Cass -RRB- , and Old Main -LRB- 4841 Cass -RRB- , all on the campus of Wayne State University . The buildings were designated a Michigan State Historic Site in 1957 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978 . ", "The Detroit Partnership -LRB- The DP -RRB- is a student-run organization at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor , MI with the mission of connecting the Ann Arbor and Detroit communities through active service learning . Each year , the group holds weekly programs with over 200 students volunteering as tutors and mentors in schools , churches , and non-profits in the Brightmoor , East Side , and Southwest neighborhoods of Detroit . In addition to weekly service-learning programs , the organization also holds two large events . In the fall , The Detroit Partnership partners with community members to bring a large food and clothing drive titled One-Stop Shop to the citizens of Brightmoor and surrounding areas . Also , every March or April , the group routinely brings approximately 1,300 student volunteers from the University of Michigan to sites in and around the city of Detroit for a one-day service-learning event known as DP Day . " ]

[ 1, 0, 1, 2, 1 ]

[ "Agent_Raghav_–_Crime_Branch", "Giovanni_Riggi", "Nicholas_Deak", "Patrick_W._Boyd", "National_Criminal_Intelligence_Service" ]

[ "Agent Raghav -- Crime Branch is an Indian crime fiction anthology television series , which premiered on & TV from 5 September 2015 to 10 April 2016 for one hour at Saturday and Sunday nights . The series was produced by Contiloe Entertainment of Abhimanyu Singh and starred Sharad Kelkar in the eponymous role of Agent Raghav Sinha , along with Aahana Kumra , Deepali Pansare , Danish Pandor , Jason Tham and Mahesh Manjrekar , the latter appeared in a recurring role . The serial received Indian Telly Awards in the category of Best Thriller and Horror Show and was also nominated for Best Weekend Show . The show is said to be inspired from the American police drama/mystery television series , '' The Mentalist . ", "Giovanni `` John the Eagle '' Riggi -LRB- February 1 , 1925 -- August 3 , 2015 -RRB- was a New Jersey mobster and member of the DeCavalcante crime family since the 1940s , before the family had acquired its name . Riggi was the leader of the `` Elizabeth crew '' in the family when he was a Caporegime . He had been the acting boss during the 1970s and became the official boss around 1980 . Riggi was incarcerated at the Federal Medical Center -LRB- FMC -RRB- Devens , Massachusetts on extortion and labor racketeering convictions . He was released on November 27 , 2012 . ", "Nicolas Louis Deák -LRB- 8 October 1905 , Transylvania , Hungary -- 18 November 1985 , New York City , US -RRB- was a Hungarian-born US banker , chairman of the Deak-Perera group and a secret service operative , serving both in the OSS during World War II and its successor the CIA during the Cold War . Deak earned a Ph.D. from the University of Neuchâtel in Switzerland in 1929 . In 1939 he came to New York to open Deak & Company , a foreign exchange business . During World War II he worked for the Office of Strategic Services , serving in Egypt , Burma , Thailand and Malaya . In 1946 he returned to New York and resumed his business , subsequently acquiring Perera U.S. , Inc. . His business expanded into banking and dealing in gold coins and bullion . His worldwide financial group , spanning both legitimate enterprises and fronts for CIA operations , was shaken in the late '70s and early '80s by multiple scandals involving money laundering and criminal connections . In 1984 , Deak & Co. faced allegations from the President 's Commission on Organized Crime that they laundered money for Latin American drug traffickers , facilitated the Lockheed bribery scandals , and smuggled currency from the Philippines . As a result , Deak & Co. declared bankruptcy in December 1984 in order to reorganize . In 1985 , the company was purchased by a Singapore lawyer for $ 52 million -- the most valued asset was Deak 's Swiss bank . In 1986 , the foreign exchange and gold business was sold to Australia 's Martin Properties Ltd. -LRB- later renamed Deak Morgan -RRB- for $ 12 million . In the following year , the company was transferred to New Zealand based NZI and expanded its gold coin dealerships by one-third . At the same time , Deak Investor Services , Inc. changed its name to Deak International Goldline Ltd. . On November 18 , 1985 , a mentally unstable and homeless woman , Lois Lang , entered Deak 's office and shot and killed both Deak and his receptionist . Lang was arrested and tried in court . She had claimed that she was a part owner of Deak & Co. and said that she had suffered some injustice from the company . She was initially institutionalized at Kirby Forensic Psychiatric Center , but later sent to Bedford Hills Correctional Facility for Women . Because of Deak 's work for the intelligence community and the company 's involvement with money laundering , some theories have been suggested that he was targeted for assassination . ", "Patrick W. Boyd is an Air Force Master Sergeant who pleaded guilty to accepting bribes when he served in Afghanistan . Prosecutors estimated he accepted $ 130,000 in bribes from Afghan contractors . Major Christopher P. West also faced bribery charges . The two men were arrested on August 26 and August 27 , 2008 . Four Afghans who were alleged to have been among those who issued the bribes were tricked into entering the US on August 25 , 2008 . Boyd , West , and another GI Charles W. Patton , pleaded guilty on June 2009 . The bribery took place when Boyd and West were deployed to Afghanistan in 2004 and 2005 . Patton , who was n't deployed to Afghanistan , pleaded guilty to receiving and hiding cash from West . In October 2009 Sergeant Ana C. Chavez , who served at the base in 2005 -- 2006 , pleaded guilty to taking US$ 90,000 in bribe payments . The men accused of bribery were : Assad John Ramin and Tahir Ramin , of AZ Corporation and Top 's Construction , brothers who were joint citizens of Afghanistan and the USA ; Noor Alam , owner of Northern Reconstruction Organization ; and Abdul Qudoos Bakhshi of Naweed Bakhshi Company . Three other Afghan men , Ziaulhaq , Bashir Ahmad , and Kiomars Mohammad Rafi were being held as material witnesses . The Afghans arrived in Chicago in response to an invitation to a conference to celebrate the successes of Operation Enduring Freedom . ", "The National Criminal Intelligence Service -LRB- NCIS -RRB- was a United Kingdom policing agency . Following the Police and Criminal Justice Act 2001 , NCIS returned to direct funding by the Home Office in 2002 and was a non-departmental public body . On 1 April 2006 it was merged into the newly created Serious Organised Crime Agency . The unit was established in April 1992 previously known as the National Drugs Intelligence Unit . Organised according to the Police Act 1997 , the functions of NCIS were to gather intelligence data and analysed this information to provide the necessary insight and intelligence to national police forces . The act also empowered the service with rights to perform surveillance operations . Organisation of the service included units specialising in organised crimes and crimes involving illicit drugs , football and financial issues . A specialised unit was focused especially on kidnap and extortion , counterfeit money , the stealing of automobiles and paedophilic crimes . At the time of the creation of the service , there was a paedophile unit integral to the organisation of the service . The service consisted of 500 officers . The service was designed specifically to act against crime classified as both organised in performance and of a serious nature . Relevant groups were to include necessarily : at least three people engaging in ongoing criminal activity for prolonged periods , something like a `` career criminal '' are motivated in acting to gain in power and for the accumulation of profit . The service received # 138 million in funding during 1999 . The unit was disbanded during 2006 and replaced by SOCA . The Director General was responsible with other officers for terrorist responses . " ]

[ 0, 0, 2, 0, 2 ]

[ "Backing_vocalist", "Stand_by_Your_Side", "Vocal_harmony", "Fool_No_More", "Sing!_Sing!_Sing!" ]

[ "Backing vocalists are singers who provide vocal harmony with the lead vocalist or other backing vocalists . In some cases , a backing singer may sing alone as a lead-in to the main vocalist 's entry or to sing a counter-melody . Backing vocalists are used in a broad range of popular music , traditional music and world music styles . Solo artists may employ professional backing vocalists in studio recording sessions as well as during concerts . In many rock and metal bands -LRB- e.g. , the power trio -RRB- , the musicians doing backup vocals also play instruments , such as guitar , electric bass , drums , or keyboards . In Latin or Afro-Cuban groups , backup singers may play percussion instruments or shakers while singing . In some pop and hip-hop groups and in musical theater , the backup singers may be required to perform elaborately choreographed dance routines while they sing through headset microphones . The style of singing used by backup singers varies according to the type of song and the genre of music the band plays . In pop and country songs , backup vocalists may perform vocal harmony parts to support the lead vocalist . In hardcore punk or rockabilly , other band members who play instruments may sing or shout backup vocals during the chorus -LRB- refrain -RRB- section of the songs . ", "`` Stand by Your Side '' is a song recorded by Canadian recording artist Celine Dion , for her eight English studio album One Heart -LRB- 2003 -RRB- . It was written by Paul Barry , Mark Taylor , and produced by Taylor and Humberto Gatica . The moving ballad sees Dion promising to someone who has been deeply wounded that she will comfort and support it . It was released on 29 September 2003 as the third -LRB- promotional only -RRB- single from the album , in the United States . `` Stand by Your Side '' reached number 17 on the US Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks . ", "Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture . Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music , including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads . In the simplest style of vocal harmony , the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line , either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line , often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song . In more complex vocal harmony arrangements , different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes , mostly with consonant , pleasing-sounding thirds , sixths , and fifths -LRB- although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes -RRB- . ", "`` Fool No More '' is a song by British pop group S Club 8 released as the first single from their second album Sundown . Released 30 June 2003 , it reached # 4 on the UK Singles Chart . Frankie Sandford sings the song 's intro , the first verse , the bridge at the end of every chorus , the fourth verse , the main bridge of the song , and backing vocals during the final chorus and the end of the song . Rochelle Wiseman sings the second and third verses , and backing vocals during the final chorus and the end of the song . Calvin Goldspink , Aaron Renfree , Stacey McClean , Daisy Evans , Hannah Richings and Jay Asforis do not have any solos in this song . ", "Sing ! Sing ! Sing ! was John Pizzarelli 's only record on the P-Vine Records label before signing with Chesky Records , performing without his usual ensemble and joined by Eddie Daniels . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 0 ]

[ "Scream_2", "Scream_-LRB-1996_film-RRB-", "Scream_-LRB-franchise-RRB-", "Hatchet_II", "The_Scream_-LRB-film-RRB-" ]

[ "Scream 2 is a 1997 American slasher film directed by Wes Craven and written by Kevin Williamson . It stars David Arquette , Neve Campbell , Courteney Cox , Sarah Michelle Gellar , Jamie Kennedy , Laurie Metcalf , Jerry O'Connell , Jada Pinkett and Liev Schreiber . The film was released on December 12 , 1997 by Dimension Films as the second installment in the Scream film series . Scream 2 takes place one year after Scream and again follows the character of Sidney Prescott -LRB- Campbell -RRB- , now a student at the fictional Windsor College , who becomes the target of a copycat killer using the guise of Ghostface . Sidney is accompanied by film-geek Randy Meeks -LRB- Kennedy -RRB- , retired deputy sheriff Dewey Riley -LRB- Arquette -RRB- and news reporter Gale Weathers -LRB- Cox -RRB- . Like its predecessor , Scream 2 combines the violence of the slasher genre with elements of comedy and `` whodunit '' mystery while satirizing the cliché of film sequels . The film was followed by two sequels , Scream 3 -LRB- 2000 -RRB- and Scream 4 -LRB- 2011 -RRB- . Williamson provided a five-page outline for a sequel to Scream when auctioning his original script , hoping to entice bidders with the potential of buying a franchise . Following a successful test screening of Scream and the film 's financial and critical success , Dimension moved forward with the sequel while Scream was still in theaters , with the principal cast all returning to star , Craven to direct and Beltrami to provide music . The film suffered controversy following its significant issues with plot information leaking onto the Internet , revealing the identity of the killers . Combined with the film 's rushed schedule , the script was rewritten often ; pages were sometimes completed on the day of filming . Despite these issues , Scream 2 earned $ 172 million , received several awards and nominations . The film also received positive reviews , with some critics arguing that the sequel surpassed the original in terms of quality . Beltrami received positive critical reception for his score for evolving the musical themes of the characters created in Scream although some critics claimed that the most memorable pieces from the film were created by composers Danny Elfman and Hans Zimmer . Elfman 's contribution had been specially written for the film , but Zimmer 's score for Broken Arrow was controversially used in the film , replacing Beltrami 's own work . The soundtrack received negative feedback from reviewers but achieved moderate sales success , reaching # 50 on the Billboard 200 . ", "Scream is a 1996 American slasher film written by Kevin Williamson and directed by Wes Craven . The film stars David Arquette , Neve Campbell , Courteney Cox , Matthew Lillard , Rose McGowan , Skeet Ulrich , and Drew Barrymore . Released on December 20 , 1996 , Scream follows the character of Sidney Prescott -LRB- Campbell -RRB- , a high school student in the fictional town of Woodsboro , California , who becomes the target of a mysterious killer known as Ghostface . The film combined black comedy and `` whodunit '' mystery with the violence of the slasher genre to satirize the clichés of the horror film genre popularized in films such as Halloween and Friday the 13th . The film was considered unique at the time of its release for featuring characters who were aware of real world horror films and openly discussed the clichés that Scream attempted to subvert . Based partly on the real life case of the Gainesville Ripper , Scream was inspired by Williamson 's passion for horror films , especially Halloween -LRB- 1978 -RRB- . The script , originally titled Scary Movie , was bought by Dimension Films and was retitled by the Weinstein Brothers just before filming was complete . The production faced censorship issues with the Motion Picture Association of America and obstacles from locals while filming on location . The film went on to financial and critical acclaim , earning $ 173 million worldwide , and became the highest-grossing slasher film in the US in unadjusted dollars . It received several awards and award nominations . The soundtrack by Marco Beltrami was also acclaimed , and was cited as '' -LSB- one -RSB- of the most intriguing horror scores composed in years . '' It has since earned `` cult status . '' Scream marked a change in the genre as it cast already-established and successful actors , which was considered to have helped it find a wider audience , including a significant female viewership . Scream was credited with revitalizing the horror genre in the 1990s , which was considered to be almost dead following an influx of direct-to-video titles and numerous sequels to established horror franchises of the 1970s and 1980s . These sequels drew decreasing financial and critical success , as they exploited clichés upon which films in the genre had become reliant . Screams success spawned a series of sequels , though only Scream 2 , released in 1997 , achieved a level of commercial and critical success equal to the original film . In the years following the release of Scream , the film was accused of inspiring and even inducing violent crimes and murders . ", "Scream is an American horror franchise created by Kevin Williamson and Wes Craven . Starring Neve Campbell , Courteney Cox , and David Arquette , the film series grossed over $ 604 million in worldwide box-office receipts and consists of four motion pictures directed by Craven . The first series entry , Scream , was released on December 20 , 1996 and is currently the highest-grossing slasher film in the United States . The second entry Scream 2 was released on December 12 , 1997 followed by a third installment , Scream 3 , released February 4 , 2000 . Eleven years after the previous film , Scream 4 was released on April 15 , 2011 . The films follow Sidney Prescott , and her war against a succession of murderers who adopt the guise of Ghostface to stalk and torment their victims . Sidney receives support in the films from town deputy Dewey Riley , reporter Gale Weathers , and film-geek Randy Meeks . A tv spin off of the series was released by MTV on June 30 , 2015 . The series follows different characters and new storylines , not connected to the film series . Williamson 's original script was bought by Miramax and developed under the Dimension Films label by Bob and Harvey Weinstein , who recruited Craven to direct , who in turn recruited composer Marco Beltrami to score the film . This team went on to be involved in each film in the series though Williamson was forced to take a smaller role for Scream 3 , writing only a brief plot outline due to his commitments to other projects , with Ehren Kruger replacing him as screenwriter . The series ' violence resulted in conflicts with the Motion Picture Association of America and news media concerning censorship resulting in a reduction of violence and gore in Scream 3 when the Columbine High School massacre brought increased focus on the media 's influence on society . Scream became notable for its use of established and recognizable actors which was uncommon for horror films at the time , yet has since become common in part due to Scream 's success . The series , particularly the first two films , has received significant critical acclaim . Scream has been credited with revitalizing the horror genre in the late 90s by combining a traditional slasher film with humor , awareness of horror film cliché and a clever plot . Scream was one of the highest-grossing films of 1996 and became , and remains , the highest grossing slasher film in the world . Its success was matched by Scream 2 which not only broke box-office records of the time , but was also argued by some critics to actually be superior to the original . Scream 3 fared worse than its predecessors , both critically and financially , with critics commenting that it had become the type of horror film it originally parodied in Scream . It did , however , receive some positive response , with claims that it was the perfect end to the trilogy . The film series has been the recipient of several awards including a Saturn Award for Best Actress and MTV Movie Award for Best Female Performance for Campbell and Best Horror Film for Scream . ", "Hatchet II is a 2010 American slasher film written and directed by Adam Green . It is the sequel to Green 's film , Hatchet . Picking up right where the first film ended , Hatchet II follows Marybeth as she escapes the clutches of the deformed , swamp-dwelling killer Victor Crowley . After learning the truth about her family 's connection to the hatchet-wielding madman , Marybeth returns to the Louisiana swamps along with an army of hunters to recover the bodies of her family and exact the bloodiest revenge against the bayou butcher . The film sees the return of Kane Hodder and Tony Todd who portrayed Victor Crowley and Reverend Zombie in the 2006 film , respectively . Danielle Harris portrays Marybeth , a role originally played by Tamara Feldman . The film was originally screened at the 2010 London FrightFest Film Festival on August 26 , 2010 . It was released unrated in the United States on October 1 , 2010 . ", "The Scream -LRB- Fəryad -RRB- is a 1993 Azerbaijani war film directed by Jeyhun Mirzayev based loosely on the Nagorno-Karabakh War and Khojaly Massacre . The film stars Jeyhun Mirzayev himself , Haci Ismayilov , and Melik Dadashev . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "SummerSlam", "SummerSlam_-LRB-2015-RRB-", "Bedlam_-LRB-2011_TV_series-RRB-", "Shane_Summers", "Like_Weather" ]

[ "SummerSlam is a professional wrestling pay-per-view -LRB- PPV -RRB- event , produced annually in August by professional wrestling promotion WWE . Dubbed as `` The Biggest Party of the Summer '' , it is one of the original `` Big Four '' pay-per-view events of WWE -LRB- along with WrestleMania , Royal Rumble and Survivor Series -RRB- . The inaugural SummerSlam took place on August 29 , 1988 at Madison Square Garden in New York City and was broadcast via pay-per-view . SummerSlam has been touted by WWE as their second biggest event of the year after WrestleMania . From 2009 to 2014 , SummerSlam remained exclusive to Staples Center in Los Angeles . Since 2015 , the event has took place at the Barclays Center in the New York City borough of Brooklyn . ", "SummerSlam -LRB- 2015 -RRB- was a professional wrestling pay-per-view -LRB- PPV -RRB- event produced by WWE . It took place on August 23 , 2015 , at Barclays Center in Brooklyn , New York . The twenty-eighth event under the SummerSlam chronology , this was the first since 2008 to be held outside of Los Angeles as Staples Center was the exclusive home for SummerSlam from 2009 to 2014 , and the eighth SummerSlam to be held in the New York metropolitan area . The Izod Center was originally supposed to host SummerSlam , but due to its closure in April 2015 , the event was moved to Barclays Center . The event was the first in the SummerSlam chronology to be four hours in length , a length previously reserved only for WrestleMania . The event was the second night of what was billed as a `` triple-header '' at Barclays Center , with NXT TakeOver : Brooklyn having taken place the previous night , and Raw the following night . Ten matches were contested at the event , with no pre-show . In the main event , The Undertaker defeated Brock Lesnar in controversial fashion ; Lesnar put Undertaker in his Kimura lock and the timekeeper rang the bell after seeing the Undertaker supposedly indicating submission , but since the referee had n't seen a submission and never stopped the match , the match continued . The confusion allowed Undertaker to surprise Lesnar with a low blow before trapping him in the Hell 's Gate submission hold , during which Lesnar passed out to give Undertaker the win . ", "Bedlam is a British supernatural drama television series created by David Allison , Neil Jones , and Chris Parker . It was first broadcast on 7 February 2011 on Sky Living and Sky Living HD . The series finale was broadcast on 15 March 2011 . In December 2011 , it was announced that a second series had been commissioned for broadcasting in Spring 2012 with an updated cast . Series 2 was broadcast from June 2012 with Lacey Turner taking the lead as a suspended paramedic who can see dead people . On 13 November 2012 Jack Roth , who plays Max in the series , revealed that Bedlam may return for Series 3 and that a decision on the show 's future is to be made around Christmas 2012 . On 11 March 2013 Roth announced on Twitter that Bedlam would not be returning for a third series . ", "Shane Lister Summers -LRB- 23 June 1936 -- 1 June 1961 -RRB- was a British racing driver , born in Rossett , Denbighshire , Wales . Although he raced in Formula One , he never participated in a World Championship event . He was the son of the Conservative politician Spencer Summers . In 1960 , Summers had a successful season racing a Lotus 15 sports car prepared by Terry Bartram , and for the following season , he and Bartram decided to enter Formula One with a new Cooper T53 , chassis number F1-8-61 . At the season opener , the non-Championship Lombank Trophy , 24-year-old Summers qualified tenth of the 14 runners , and finished eighth and last . The following week he crashed out of the Glover Trophy after again qualifying tenth . Travelling to Europe for the next two races , he was refused a start at the 1961 Brussels Grand Prix despite posting the 12th fastest time in qualifying , but started from the front row at the Vienna Grand Prix . From second on the grid , he ran near the front until his suspension failed . Returning to the UK , Summers entered the Aintree 200 , qualifying 13th of 28 starters , and finishing 12th . A month later he achieved his best result , finishing fourth in the London Trophy . However , during practice in the rain for the Silver City Trophy race at Brands Hatch , Summers was killed when he spun at Paddock Hill Bend and crashed into a concrete wall at the pit tunnel entrance . ", "Like Weather is the debut studio album by electronic music artist Leila , released by Rephlex Records in 1998 . In 2015 , Fact ranked the album at number 6 on its list of `` The 50 Best Trip-Hop Albums of All Time '' . In 2017 , Pitchfork ranked it at number 39 on its list of `` The 50 Best IDM Albums of All Time '' . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 2, 0 ]

[ "Johann_Wolfgang_von_Goethe", "Gustav_Schwab", "Carl_Siegfried", "Friedrich_Hölderlin", "Nik_Welter" ]

[ "Johann Wolfgang von Goethe -LRB- -LSB- ˈgɜːrtə -RSB- -LSB- ˈjoːhan ˈvɔlfɡaŋ fɔn ˈɡøːtə -RSB- ; 28 August 1749 -- 22 March 1832 -RRB- was a German writer and statesman . His works include epic and lyric poetry ; prose and verse dramas ; memoirs ; an autobiography ; literary and aesthetic criticism ; treatises on botany , anatomy , and colour ; and four novels . In addition , numerous literary and scientific fragments , more than 10,000 letters , and nearly 3,000 drawings by him exist . A literary celebrity by the age of 25 , Goethe was ennobled by the Duke of Saxe-Weimar , Carl August in 1782 after taking up residence there in November 1775 following the success of his first novel , The Sorrows of Young Werther . He was an early participant in the Sturm und Drang literary movement . During his first ten years in Weimar , Goethe was a member of the Duke 's privy council , sat on the war and highway commissions , oversaw the reopening of silver mines in nearby Ilmenau , and implemented a series of administrative reforms at the University of Jena . He also contributed to the planning of Weimar 's botanical park and the rebuilding of its Ducal Palace , which in 1998 were together designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site . His first major scientific work , the Metamorphosis of Plants , was published after he returned from a 1788 tour of Italy . In 1791 , he was made managing director of the theatre at Weimar , and in 1794 he began a friendship with the dramatist , historian , and philosopher Friedrich Schiller , whose plays he premiered until Schiller 's death in 1805 . During this period , Goethe published his second novel , Wilhelm Meister 's Apprenticeship , the verse epic Hermann and Dorothea , and , in 1808 , the first part of his most celebrated drama , Faust . His conversations and various common undertakings throughout the 1790s with Schiller , Johann Gottlieb Fichte , Johann Gottfried Herder , Alexander von Humboldt , Wilhelm von Humboldt , and August and Friedrich Schlegel have , in later years , been collectively termed Weimar Classicism . Arthur Schopenhauer cited Wilhelm Meister 's Apprenticeship as one of the four greatest novels ever written , along with Tristram Shandy , La Nouvelle Héloïse , and Don Quixote , and Ralph Waldo Emerson selected Goethe as one of six `` representative men '' in his work of the same name , along with Plato , Emanuel Swedenborg , Michel de Montaigne , Napoleon , and William Shakespeare . Goethe 's comments and observations form the basis of several biographical works , most notably Johann Peter Eckermann 's Conversations with Goethe . ", "Gustav Benjamin Schwab -LRB- 19 June 1792 -- 4 November 1850 -RRB- was a German writer , pastor and publisher . ", "Carl Gustav Adolf Siegfried -LRB- 22 January 1830 , Magdeburg -- 9 January 1903 , Jena -RRB- was a German theologian who specialized in Old Testament studies . He studied theology and philology at the universities of Halle and Bonn . In 1859 he received his doctorate from Halle , and afterwards worked as a teacher at the cathedral gymnasium in Magdeburg and at the regional school in Pforta . In 1875 , he was appointed professor of Old Testament theology at the University of Jena . ", "Johann Christian Friedrich Hölderlin -LRB- -LSB- ˈjoːhan ˈkʁɪsti.aːn ˈfʁiːdʁɪç ˈhœldɐliːn -RSB- ; 20 March 1770 -- 7 June 1843 -RRB- was a German lyric poet . Described by Norbert von Hellingrath as `` the most German of Germans , '' Hölderlin was a key figure of German Romanticism . Particularly due to his early association with and philosophical influence on Hegel and Schelling , he was also an important thinker in the development of German Idealism . Born in Lauffen am Neckar , Hölderlin 's childhood was marked by bereavement . His mother intended for him to enter the Lutheran ministry , and he attended the Tübinger Stift , where he was friends with Hegel and Schelling . He graduated in 1793 but could not devote himself to the Christian faith , instead becoming a tutor . Two years later , he briefly attended the University of Jena , where he interacted with Fichte and Novalis , before resuming his career as a tutor . He struggled to establish himself as a poet , and was plagued by mental illness . He was sent to a clinic in 1805 but deemed incurable and instead given lodging by a carpenter , Ernst Zimmer . He spent the final 36 years of his life in Zimmer 's residence , and died in 1843 at the age of seventy-three . Hölderlin followed the tradition of Goethe and Schiller as an admirer of Greek mythology and ancient poets such as Pindar and Sophocles , and melded Christian and Hellenic themes in his works . Martin Heidegger , a great admirer of Hölderlin , said of him : `` Hölderlin is one of our greatest , that is , most impending thinkers because he is our greatest poet . The poetic understanding of his poetry is possible only as a philosophical confrontation with the manifestation of being achieved in his work . '' ", "Nikolaus `` Nik '' Welter -LRB- 2 January 1871 , Mersch -- 13 July 1951 , Luxembourg City -RRB- was a Luxembourgish writer , playwright , poet , professor , literary critic -LRB- Germanic and Romance languages -RRB- , and statesman . He wrote predominantly in German . He also served as a Minister for Education in the government of Émile Reuter . After his university studies in Leuven , Paris , Bonn and Berlin , he became a teacher in Diekirch -LRB- 1897-1906 -RRB- and later at the Athénée de Luxembourg in Luxembourg City -LRB- 1906-1918 -RRB- . Welter mainly wrote plays and poetry . His work Griselinde -LRB- 1901 -RRB- inspired the Luxembourgish composer Alfred Kowalsky to write the opera of the same name . Other well-known works are Die Söhne des Öslings , Goethes Husar , Der Abtrünnige , Professor Forster and Lene Frank . From early on , Nik Welter was involved with the Félibrige , a poets ' movement in the Provence , and was in contact with the members of the Felibertum félibrige : Frédéric Mistral , Joseph Roumanille and Théodore Aubanel . He was often at Mistral 's house in Bouches-du-Rhône and was taken up into the circle of the Féliber . In the same way , he also met German Romanists such as Eduard Koschwitz and August Bertuch . Along with the two German Romanists , he campaigned successfully for Frédéric Mistral to be awarded the 1904 Nobel Prrize for Literature . Nik Welter recorded his travels in the Provence and in Tunisia in the book Hohe Sonnentage . In his book Im Werden und Wachsen , he wrote about his childhood in Mersch . He was the author of the first Luxembourgish schoolbook Das Luxemburgische und sein Schrifttum . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "ASAP_Rocky", "Peso_-LRB-song-RRB-", "Rocky_-LRB-2008_film-RRB-", "Music_video_director", "Marc_Klasfeld" ]

[ "Rakim Mayers -LRB- born October 3 , 1988 -RRB- , better known by his stage name ASAP Rocky -LRB- stylized as A$ AP Rocky -RRB- , is an American rapper , record producer , director , actor and model from the Harlem neighborhood of Manhattan , New York . He is a member of the hip hop group A$ AP Mob , from which he adopted his moniker . Rocky released his debut mixtape Live . Love . A$ AP , in 2011 to critical acclaim . The success of his mixtape led to a record deal with Polo Grounds Music , RCA Records , and Sony Music Entertainment . He subsequently recorded his 2013 debut album Long . Live . A$ AP , which was also well received by critics and debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 . In 2015 , Rocky released his second studio album titled At . Long . Last . A$ AP . The album debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 , making it Rocky 's second consecutive album to debut at number one and has received critical acclaim from music critics . Rocky has also directed music videos for himself , Danny Brown and other A$ AP Mob members . He is also a noted record producer , producing under the pseudonym Lord Flacko . ", "`` Peso '' is a song by American hip hop recording artist ASAP Rocky , produced by his ASAP Mob cohort , ASAP Ty Beats . The song , released as Rocky 's debut single , is also the lead single from his critically acclaimed breakout mixtape Live . Love . ASAP -LRB- 2011 -RRB- . The song contains a sample of The S.O.S. Band 's `` No One 's Gon na Love You '' , from their 1984 album Just the Way You Like It . ", "Rocky is a 2008 Kannada romantic drama film directed by S. K. Nagendra Urs and written by Vijay Chendur . The film features Yash and newcomer Bianca Desai in the lead roles along with Jai Jagadish , Ramesh Bhat and Santhosh in other pivotal roles . The film featured original score and soundtrack composed by Venkat-Narayan . The film met with negative response with critics noting the screenplay and story to be following the lines of Mungaaru Male . ", "A music video director is the head of music video production . The director conceives of videos ' artistic and dramatic aspects while instructing the musical act , technical crew , actors , models , and dancers . They may or may not be in collaboration with the musical act . On November 8 , 1992 , MTV began listing directors with the artist , song , and record company credits , because music videos had increasingly become an auteur 's medium . `` The case for the director as music video author is strong . It is the music video director who has principal control of everything that is added to the pre-existing recorded sound text . '' Directors , including Michel Gondry , Spike Jonze , and F. Gary Gray , have gone on to direct feature films , continuing a trend that had begun earlier with directors such as Lasse Hallström and David Fincher . The most expensive video of all time was directed by Mark Romanek : Michael and Janet Jackson 's `` Scream '' -LRB- 1995 -RRB- , which cost $ 7 million to produce . In 2003 , Spike Jonze , Chris Cunningham , and Michel Gondry founded the Directors Label . ", "Marc Klasfeld is an American music video director . He has directed over two hundred music videos for artists such as Katy Perry , Jay-Z , Red Hot Chili Peppers , Britney Spears , Kid Rock , Michael Bublé , Nelly , Foo Fighters , Charli XCX , Nick Jonas , Shakira , Avril Lavigne , Aerosmith and many others with multiple award wins and nominations . His hit video for Wiz Khalifa and Charlie Puth 's `` See You Again '' is not only the first Hip Hop video to ever reach 2 billion views on YouTube , but the fastest to ever achieve the landmark . It is currently the 2nd most viewed music video ever behind Psy 's `` Gangnam Style '' . He is also the founder of Rockhard , a music video production company that has produced videos for Justin Bieber , Lady Gaga , LMFAO , Britney Spears , Aerosmith , Prince , Mariah Carey , Kelly Rowland , Jessie J , Pixie Lott , Adam Lambert , Big Time Rush among others . He is also a director of television commercials for Target , Nike , NFL , NBA , Motorola , Reebok , Cartoon Network and Hummer . His best-known commercial work is for Justin Timberlake 's Target campaign , ESPN 's This is Sportscenter campaign , Hammer Pants Dance for the A&E Network 's reality show Hammertime , Avril Lavigne 's Canon campaigns and Smirnoff 's Green Tea Partay viral video sung by Sebastian Siegel . On March 29 , 2010 Klasfeld released a comedic video of an elementary school reenactment of the Al Pacino film Scarface , entitled `` Scarface School Play '' . It was a viral sensation that was featured on CNN , CBS , ABC , NBC and Fox News Channel . Klasfeld made his feature film writing and directorial debut in 2005 with The L.A. Riot Spectacular . He has also directed for the HBO show Oz . He is a graduate of NYU 's Tisch School of the Arts . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]

[ "Doxycycline", "Noxiptiline", "N-Ethyl-3-piperidyl_benzilate", "Cytarabine", "Nonsteroidal_anti-inflammatory_drug" ]

[ "Doxycycline is an antibiotic that is used in the treatment of a number of types of infections caused by bacteria and protozoa . It is useful for bacterial pneumonia , acne , chlamydia infections , early Lyme disease , cholera and syphilis . It is also useful for the treatment of malaria when used with quinine and for the prevention of malaria . Doxycycline can be used either by mouth or intravenously . Common side effects include diarrhea , nausea , vomiting , a red rash , and an increased risk of a sunburn . If used during pregnancy or in young children may result in permanent problems with the teeth including changes in their color . Its use during breastfeeding is probably safe . Doxycycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic of the tetracycline class . Like other agents of this class it kills bacteria and protozoa by inhibiting protein production . Doxycycline was patented in 1957 and came into commercial use in 1967 . It is on the World Health Organization 's List of Essential Medicines , the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system . Doxycycline is available as a generic medicine and is generally inexpensive . The wholesale cost in the developing world is between 0.01 and 0.04 USD per pill . In the United States 10 days of treatment is about 14 USD , however some in 2014 were selling it for more than 3.00 to 10.00 USD per pill . ", "Noxiptiline -LRB- Agedal , Elronon , Nogedal -RRB- , also known as noxiptyline and dibenzoxine , is a tricyclic antidepressant -LRB- TCA -RRB- that was introduced in Europe in the 1970s for the treatment of depression . It has imipramine-like effects , acting as a serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor , among other properties . Of the TCAs , noxiptiline has been described as one of the most effective , rivaling amitriptyline in clinical efficacy . ", "N-Ethyl-3-piperidyl benzilate -LRB- JB-318 -RRB- is an anticholinergic drug related to the chemical warfare agent 3-Quinuclidinyl benzilate . N-Ethyl-3-piperidyl benzilate is less potent and shorter acting than 3-quinuclidyl benzilate , but like 3-QNB its effects on the central nervous system predominate over peripheral effects . It produces deliriant and hallucinogenic effects similar to those of plants such as datura and may be used recreationally at low doses ; however , unpleasant side effects such as dysphoria , nausea and vomiting , dizziness and extreme dry mouth tend to make abuse of drugs of this kind uncommon . Both the N-methyl and N-ethyl analogues of 3-piperidyl benzilate are , however , Schedule I controlled drugs . Radiolabelled versions of this drug have been used in scientific research to map the distribution of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in the brain , however this drug has slightly lower binding affinity than the N-methyl analogue and so is less potent and not so widely used for this application . ", "Cytarabine , also known as cytosine arabinoside -LRB- ara-C -RRB- , is a chemotherapy medication used to treat acute myeloid leukemia -LRB- AML -RRB- , acute lymphocytic leukemia -LRB- ALL -RRB- , chronic myelogenous leukemia -LRB- CML -RRB- , and non-Hodgkin 's lymphoma . It is given by injection into a vein , under the skin , or into the cerebrospinal fluid . There is a liposomal formulation for which there is tentative evidence of better outcomes in lymphoma involving the meninges . Common side effects include bone marrow suppression , vomiting , diarrhea , liver problems , rash , ulcer formation in the mouth , and bleeding . Other serious side effects include loss of consciousness , lung disease , and allergic reactions . Use during pregnancy may harm the baby . Cytarabine is in the antimetabolite and nucleoside analog families of medication . It works by blocking the function of DNA polymerase . Cytarabine was patented in 1960 and approved for medical use in 1969 . It is on the World Health Organization 's List of Essential Medicines , the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system . The wholesale cost in the developing world is about 4.27 to 5.7 USD per 500 mg vial . This dose in the United Kingdom costs the NHS about 50.00 pounds while the liposomal form is 1,223.75 pounds per 50 mg vial . ", "Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs -LRB- NSAIDs -RRB- are a drug class that groups together drugs that provide analgesic -LRB- pain-killing -RRB- and antipyretic -LRB- fever-reducing -RRB- effects , and , in higher doses , anti-inflammatory effects . The term nonsteroidal distinguishes these drugs from steroids , which , among a broad range of other effects , have a similar eicosanoid-depressing , anti-inflammatory action . First used in 1960 , the term served to distance new drugs from steroid-related iatrogenic tragedies . The most prominent members of this group of drugs are aspirin , ibuprofen and naproxen , all available over the counter in most countries . Paracetamol -LRB- acetaminophen -RRB- is generally not considered an NSAID because it has only little anti-inflammatory activity . It treats pain mainly by blocking COX-2 mostly in the central nervous system , but not much in the rest of the body . Most NSAIDs inhibit the activity of cyclooxygenase-1 -LRB- COX-1 -RRB- and cyclooxygenase-2 -LRB- COX-2 -RRB- , and thereby the synthesis of prostaglandins and thromboxanes . It is thought that inhibiting COX-2 leads to the anti-inflammatory , analgesic and antipyretic effects and that those NSAIDs also inhibiting COX-1 , particularly aspirin , may cause gastrointestinal bleeding and ulcers . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Zoey_Deutch", "Anneliese_van_der_Pol", "Molly_Kiely", "Hanna_Verboom", "Anouchka_Delon" ]

[ "Zoey Francis Thompson Deutch -LRB- born November 10 , 1994 -RRB- is an American actress . She is known for portraying Rosemarie `` Rose '' Hathaway in Vampire Academy -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , Beverly in the Richard Linklater film Everybody Wants Some !! -LRB- 2016 -RRB- , Stephanie Fleming in Why Him ? -LRB- 2016 -RRB- , Samantha Kingston in Before I Fall -LRB- 2017 -RRB- and Erica Vandross in Flower -LRB- 2017 -RRB- . Her other film roles include Beautiful Creatures -LRB- 2013 -RRB- and Dirty Grandpa -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . ", "Anneliese Louise van der Pol -LRB- Born September 23 , 1984 -RRB- is a Dutch and American actress , singer , model , and dancer . Following her early career in musical theatre , she was best known for her role as Chelsea Daniels on That 's So Raven . Van der Pol also has a career as a singer and has recorded several songs for The Walt Disney Company . She made her Broadway debut in 2007 , and appeared Off-Broadway in 2009 . She has also acted in the 2010 vampire spoof film Vampires Suck directed by Jason Friedberg and Aaron Seltzer . ", "Molly Maud Kiely -LRB- born October 10 , 1969 -RRB- is an American alternative cartoonist best known for erotica . Her work is published by Fantagraphics/Eros Comix and has influenced other artists such as Jess Fink . Kiely was born in Bracebridge , Ontario , raised in Kitchener , and attended the University of Waterloo . She has liked drawing her whole life , and discovered comics through Krazy Kat and Li'l Abner . She created her first minicomic in 1991 at the San Diego Comic-Con . She left Canada for San Francisco in 1992 . Her first comic , Communion , was a collaboration with J. Hagey based on a stream-of-conscience poem about a one-night stand . It was published by the Eros Comix imprint of Fantagraphics in 1992 . In 1993 , Wooley Comics commissioned her to do a comic adaptation of Marquis de Sade 's novel Philosophy in the Bedroom . She describes her work as `` clean line style '' that has been compared to Aubrey Beardsley and Jaime Hernandez . The pornographic nature of her work sometimes draws judgement from feminists who see her as helping men exploit women . Under Subsection 163 of the Canadian Criminal Code , the Canadian Customs and Post Office occasionally confiscated Kiely 's work when it was being mailed between her and Eros in 1995 . She had a daughter with her husband in 2007 before being widowed in 2015 . Kiely now resides in Tucson , Arizona with her daughter . ", "Hanna Verboom -LRB- born 11 May 1983 -RRB- is a Dutch actress . Born in Belgium , she spent her early childhood in the African nations of Kenya and Sudan . After moving to the Netherlands , Verboom worked as a model and won the `` Dutch Elite Model Look 2003 '' . She also majored in economics and philosophy , and minored in film science at the Amsterdam University , where she joined the Amsterdam student theater group and convincingly showed her talent for acting in several plays with the production company . Verboom is also a painter and had her first work exhibited in the Amsterdam gallery in 2004 . She made her motion picture debut in 2004 playing the female lead in the film Snowfever . She hosted the Dutch National TV channel BNN 's weekly music show Top of the Pops . Outside of the Netherlands she is perhaps best known for her role starring alongside Rob Schneider in the 2005 sequel Deuce Bigalow : European Gigolo . Verboom played Eva Voorsboch , a stunning artist with no less than one hundred and thirty obsessive-compulsive tendencies and Rob Schneider 's character 's love interest in the movie . She was one of the contestants in the celebrity version of Peking Express . ", "Anouchka Delon -LRB- born November 25 , 1990 -RRB- is a French-Dutch actress . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 1, 0 ]

[ "Salman_Rushdie", "Timeri_N._Murari", "Bapsi_Sidhwa", "Spinneret_-LRB-novel-RRB-", "The_Man_Who_Bridged_the_Mist" ]

[ "Ahmed Salman Rushdie , FRSL -LRB- -LSB- sælˈmɑːn_ˈrʊʃdi -RSB- अहमद सलमान रुशदी , ; born 19 June 1947 -RRB- is a British Indian novelist and essayist . His second novel , Midnight 's Children -LRB- 1981 -RRB- , won the Booker Prize in 1981 and was deemed to be `` the best novel of all winners '' on two separate occasions , marking the 25th and the 40th anniversary of the prize . Much of his fiction is set on the Indian subcontinent . He combines magical realism with historical fiction ; his work is concerned with the many connections , disruptions , and migrations between Eastern and Western civilizations . His epic fourth novel , The Satanic Verses -LRB- 1988 -RRB- , was the subject of a major controversy , provoking protests from Muslims in several countries . Death threats were made against him , including a fatwā calling for his assassination issued by Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini , the Supreme Leader of Iran , on 14 February 1989 . The British government put Rushdie under police protection . In 1983 Rushdie was elected a fellow of the Royal Society of Literature , the UK 's senior literary organisation . He was appointed Commandeur de l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres of France in January 1999 . In June 2007 , Queen Elizabeth II knighted him for his services to literature . In 2008 , The Times ranked him thirteenth on its list of the 50 greatest British writers since 1945 . Since 2000 , Rushdie has lived in the United States . He was named Distinguished Writer in Residence at the Arthur L. Carter Journalism Institute of New York University in 2015 . Earlier , he taught at Emory University . He was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Letters . In 2012 , he published Joseph Anton : A Memoir , an account of his life in the wake of the controversy over The Satanic Verses . Rushdie was strongly favoured to have received the Nobel Prize in Literature but the Nobel organisers were later quoted as saying that they would have been `` too predictable , too popular . '' ", "Timeri Murari is an Indian novelist , journalist , playwright and screenwriter . He is the author of fourteen published novels , including best-sellers The Taliban Cricket Club -LRB- 2012 -RRB- and Taj -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , and has written extensively for Indian and international newspapers including The Guardian . He has also written the screenplay of the award-winning Hindi movie Daayraa -LRB- 1997 -RRB- , which was voted one of the ten best films of 1997 by Time magazine . He adapted and directed it as a stage play , The Square Circle , at the Leicester Haymarket Theatre in November 1999 , starring Parminder Nagra . His latest novel is called Chanakya Returns . ", "Bapsi Sidhwa -LRB- باپسا سادہوا born August 11 , 1938 -RRB- is a Pakistani novelist who writes in English and is resident in the United States of America . She is best known for her collaborative work with Indo-Canadian filmmaker Deepa Mehta : Sidhwa wrote both the 1991 novel Ice Candy Man which served as the basis for Mehta 's 1998 film Earth as well as the 2006 novel Water : A Novel which is based upon Mehta 's 2005 film Water . ", "Spinneret is a science fiction novel by Timothy Zahn . It was published in 1985 . ", "`` The Man Who Bridged the Mist '' is an award-winning science fiction/fantasy novella by Kij Johnson . It was first published in Isaac Asimov 's Science Fiction Magazine in October/November 2011 , and subsequently republished in The Year 's Best Science Fiction : Twenty-Ninth Annual Collection , in The Best Science Fiction and Fantasy of the Year : Volume 6 , in The Year 's Best Science Fiction & Fantasy 2012 , in Nebula Awards Showcase 2013 , in Johnson 's collection At the Mouth of the River of Bees , and as a chapbook from Phoenix Pick . In 2013 , a Persian version was published by Parian Publications . " ]

[ 2, 1, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Boeing_787_Dreamliner", "Boeing_767", "Airbus_A380", "F7", "Top_Secret_-LRB-aircraft-RRB-" ]

[ "The Boeing 787 Dreamliner is an American long-haul , mid-size widebody , twin-engine jet airliner made by Boeing Commercial Airplanes . Its variants seat 242 to 335 passengers in typical three-class seating configurations . It is a pioneering airliner with the use of composite materials as the primary material in the construction of its airframe . The 787 was designed to be 20 % more fuel efficient than the Boeing 767 , which it was intended to replace . The 787 Dreamliner 's distinguishing features include mostly electrical flight systems , raked wingtips , and noise-reducing chevrons on its engine nacelles . It shares a common type rating with the larger Boeing 777 to allow qualified pilots to operate both models . The aircraft 's initial designation was the 7E7 , prior to its renaming in January 2005 . The first 787 was unveiled in a roll-out ceremony on July 8 , 2007 at Boeing 's Everett factory . Development and production of the 787 has involved a large-scale collaboration with numerous suppliers worldwide . Final assembly takes place at the Boeing Everett Factory in Everett , Washington , and at the Boeing South Carolina factory in North Charleston , South Carolina . Originally planned to enter service in May 2008 , the project experienced multiple delays . The airliner 's maiden flight took place on December 15 , 2009 , and completed flight testing in mid-2011 . Boeing has reportedly spent $ 32 billion on the 787 program . Final US Federal Aviation Administration -LRB- FAA -RRB- and European Aviation Safety Agency -LRB- EASA -RRB- type certification was received in August 2011 and the first 787-8 was delivered in September 2011 . It entered commercial service on October 26 , 2011 with launch customer All Nippon Airways . The stretched 787-9 variant , which is 20 ft longer and can fly 450 nmi farther than the -8 , first flew in September 2013 . Deliveries of the 787-9 began in July 2014 ; it entered commercial service on August 7 , 2014 with All Nippon Airways , with 787-9 launch customer Air New Zealand following two days later . As of April 2017 , the 787 had orders for 1,213 aircraft from 64 customers , with All Nippon Airways having the largest number on order . The aircraft has suffered from several in-service problems , including fires on board related to its lithium-ion batteries . These systems were reviewed by both the FAA and the Japan Civil Aviation Bureau . The FAA issued a directive in January 2013 that grounded all 787s in the US and other civil aviation authorities followed suit . After Boeing completed tests on a revised battery design , the FAA approved the revised design and lifted the grounding in April 2013 ; the 787 returned to passenger service later that month . ", "The Boeing 767 is a mid - to large-size , long-range , wide-body twin-engine jet airliner built by Boeing Commercial Airplanes . It was Boeing 's first wide-body twinjet and its first airliner with a two-crew glass cockpit . The aircraft has two turbofan engines , a conventional tail , and , for reduced aerodynamic drag , a supercritical wing design . Designed as a smaller wide-body airliner than earlier aircraft such as the 747 , the 767 has seating capacity for 181 to 375 people , and a design range of 3850 to , depending on variant . Development of the 767 occurred in tandem with a narrow-body twinjet , the 757 , resulting in shared design features which allow pilots to obtain a common type rating to operate both aircraft . The 767 is produced in three fuselage lengths . The original 767-200 entered service in 1982 , followed by the 767-300 in 1986 and the 767-400ER , an extended-range -LRB- ER -RRB- variant , in 2000 . The extended-range 767-200ER and 767-300ER models entered service in 1984 and 1988 , respectively , while a production freighter version , the 767-300F , debuted in 1995 . Conversion programs have modified passenger 767-200 and 767-300 series aircraft for cargo use , while military derivatives include the E-767 surveillance aircraft , the KC-767 and KC-46 aerial tankers , and VIP transports . Engines featured on the 767 include the General Electric CF6 , Pratt & Whitney JT9D and PW4000 , and Rolls-Royce RB211 turbofans . United Airlines first placed the 767 in commercial service in 1982 . The aircraft was initially flown on domestic and transcontinental routes , during which it demonstrated the reliability of its twinjet design . In 1985 , the 767 became the first twin-engined airliner to receive regulatory approval for extended overseas flights . The aircraft was then used to expand non-stop service on medium - to long-haul intercontinental routes . In 1986 , Boeing initiated studies for a higher-capacity 767 , ultimately leading to the development of the 777 , a larger wide-body twinjet . In the 1990s , the 767 became the most frequently used airliner for transatlantic flights between North America and Europe . The 767 is the first twinjet wide-body type to reach 1,000 aircraft delivered . As of April 2017 , Boeing has received 1,204 orders for the 767 from 74 customers ; 1,098 have been delivered . A total of 742 of these aircraft were in service in July 2016 ; the most popular variant is the 767-300ER , with 583 delivered ; Delta Air Lines is the largest operator , with 91 aircraft . Competitors have included the Airbus A300 , A310 , and A330-200 , while a successor , the 787 Dreamliner , entered service in October 2011 . Despite this , the 767 still remains in production . ", "The Airbus A380 is a double-deck , wide-body , four-engine jet airliner manufactured by European manufacturer Airbus . It is the world 's largest passenger airliner , and the airports at which it operates have upgraded facilities to accommodate it . It was initially named Airbus A3XX and designed to challenge Boeing 's monopoly in the large-aircraft market . The A380 made its first flight on 27 April 2005 and entered commercial service on 25 October 2007 with Singapore Airlines . The A380 's upper deck extends along the entire length of the fuselage , with a width equivalent to a wide-body aircraft . This gives the A380-800 's cabin 550 m2 of usable floor space , 40 % more than the next largest airliner , the Boeing 747-8 , and provides seating for 525 people in a typical three-class configuration or up to 853 people in an all-economy class configuration . The A380-800 has a design range of 15700 km , serving the second - and third-longest non-stop scheduled flights in the world -LRB- as of February 2017 -RRB- , and a cruising speed of Mach 0.85 -LRB- about 900 km/h , 560 mph or 490 kt at cruising altitude -RRB- . , Airbus had received 317 firm orders and delivered 210 aircraft ; Emirates is the biggest A380 customer with 142 ordered of which 94 have been delivered . ", "F7 , F.VII , F07 , F 7 or F-7 may refer to : Ambrosini F. 7 Rondone II , an Italian light touring monoplane that first flew in 1954 Caproni Vizzola F. 7 , an Italian fighter design of the 1940s F-7 Liberator , a U.S. reconnaissance version of the B-24 bomber F 7 Såtenäs , a Swedish Air Force wing F 7 , a Kriegsmarine F-class escort ship of the late 1930s F-7 Sea Dart , American experimental hydro-ski seaplane fighter F-7 Skybolt/Airguard , the export version of the Chinese Chengdu J-7 fighter F7 -LRB- video game character -RRB- , a Street Fighter character EMD F7 , a diesel locomotive Fokker F.VII , a 1924 Dutch airliner HMAS Yarra -LRB- F07 -RRB- , a 1958 Royal Australian Navy River class destroyer escort HMS Afridi -LRB- F07 -RRB- , a 1937 British Royal Navy Tribal-class destroyer HMS Vidette -LRB- F07 -RRB- , 1918 British Royal Navy V class destroyer IHI Corporation F7 , a small Japanese turbofan LNER Class F7 , a class of twelve steam locomotives transferred from the GER Milwaukee Road class F7 , a steam locomotive Flybaboo , IATA airline designator A standard white point for narrow band daylight fluorescent lamps F7 , a note of high altitude in the seventh octave and the whistle register Factor VII , a coagulation factor F7 , a wheelchair sport classification that corresponds to the neurological level S1-S2 F7U Cutlass , a fighter plane used by the US Navy A function key on a computer keyboard F07 , personality and behavioural disorders due to brain disease , damage and dysfunction ICD-10 code F-7 , a residential sector in Islamabad , Pakistan Sydney Ferries ' Eastern Suburbs ferry services , known as the F7 F7 : an EEG electrode site according to the 10-20 system . ", "Top Secret was the name of a Boeing B-29 Superfortress -LRB- B-29-36-MO 44-27302 , `` victor number ' 72 -RRB- modified to carry the atomic bomb in World War II . It served with the Army Air Forces and United States Air Force from 1945 until 1954 . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 0, 0 ]

[ "L._Ron_Hubbard", "Ray_Wylie_Hubbard", "Hub_-LRB-bassist-RRB-", "Gunnar_Berg_-LRB-Scouting-RRB-", "Ronnie_Self" ]

[ "Lafayette Ronald Hubbard -LRB- March 13 , 1911 -- January 24 , 1986 -RRB- , better known as L. Ron Hubbard -LRB- -LSB- ɛl_rɒn_ˈhʌˌbərd -RSB- -RRB- and often referred to by his initials , LRH , was an American author and the founder of the Church of Scientology . In 2014 , Hubbard was cited by the Smithsonian magazine as one of the 100 most significant Americans of all time , as one of the eleven religious figures on that list . After establishing a career as a writer , becoming best known for his science fiction and fantasy stories , he developed a system called Dianetics which was first expounded in book form in May 1950 . He subsequently developed his ideas into a wide-ranging set of doctrines and practices as part of a new religious movement that he called Scientology . His writings became the guiding texts for the Church of Scientology and a number of affiliated organizations that address such diverse topics as business administration , literacy and drug rehabilitation . The Church 's dissemination of these materials led to Hubbard being listed by the Guinness Book of World Records as the most translated and published author in the world . The Guinness World Record for the most audio books published for one author is also held by Hubbard . Although many aspects of Hubbard 's life story are disputed , there is general agreement about its basic outline . Born in Tilden , Nebraska , he spent much of his childhood in Helena , Montana . He traveled in Asia and the South Pacific in the late 1920s after his father , an officer in the United States Navy , was posted to the U.S. naval base on Guam . He attended George Washington University in Washington , D.C. at the start of the 1930s , before dropping out and beginning his career as a prolific writer of pulp fiction stories . He served briefly in the United States Marine Corps Reserve and was an officer in the United States Navy during World War II , briefly commanding two ships , the USS YP-422 and USS PC-815 . He was removed both times when his superiors found him incapable of command . The last few months of his active service were spent in a hospital , being treated for a duodenal ulcer . After the war , Hubbard developed a philosophy he called Dianetics , which he called `` the modern science of mental health '' . He founded Scientology in 1952 and oversaw the growth of the Church of Scientology into a worldwide organization . During the late 1960s and early 1970s , he spent much of his time at sea on his personal fleet of ships as `` Commodore '' of the Sea Organization , an elite inner group of Scientologists . His expedition came to an end when Britain , Greece , Spain , Portugal , and Venezuela all closed their ports to his fleet . At one point , a court in Australia revoked the Church 's status as a religion , though it was later reinstated . Hubbard returned to the United States in 1975 and went into seclusion in the California desert . In 1978 , a trial court in France convicted Hubbard of fraud in absentia . Others convictions from the same trial were reversed on appeal , but Hubbard died before the court considered his case . In 1983 L. Ron Hubbard was named as an unindicted co-conspirator in an international information infiltration and theft project called `` Operation Snow White '' . He spent the remaining years of his life on his ranch , the `` Whispering Wind , '' near Creston , California , where he died in 1986 . A small group of Scientology officials and physician Dr. Eugene Denk attended to him before his death , for a number of ailments including chronic pancreatitis . In 1986 , he died at age 74 in a 1982 Blue Bird motor home , which was situated on his property . The Church of Scientology describes Hubbard in hagiographic terms , and he portrayed himself as a pioneering explorer , world traveler , and nuclear physicist with expertise in a wide range of disciplines , including photography , art , poetry , and philosophy . In Scientology publications , he is referred to as `` Founder '' and `` Source '' of Scientology and Dianetics . His critics , including his own son Ronald DeWolf , have characterized him as a liar , a charlatan , and mentally unstable , though DeWolf later repudiated those statements . Though many of Hubbard 's autobiographical statements have been found to be fictitious , the Church rejects any suggestion that its account of Hubbard 's life is not historical fact . ", "Ray Wylie Hubbard -LRB- born November 13 , 1946 -RRB- is a Texas country singer and songwriter . ", "Leonard `` Hub '' Hubbard is a former band member of The Roots and played bass for the Philadelphia outfit from 1992 to 2007 . He played on all of their records until his departure from the group , including 1999 's Things Fall Apart and 2004 's The Tipping Point . He is known for always having a chew stick in his mouth , both on and off the stage . Hubbard studied at Settlement Music School during his youth in Philadelphia , then went on to study classical upright bass at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania . Hub played his last show with The Roots on August 31 , 2007 . ", "Gunnar H. Berg -LRB- June 30 , 1897 -- August 28 , 1987 -RRB- was a national director of the Boy Scouts of America . Berg was born in Oslo and came to the United States at age 13 . He was a graduate of Columbia University , and received a doctorate in education in 1946 . Berg was associated with Scouting for 42 years , retiring in 1962 . He was the founder of the Mortimer L. Schiff Scout Reservation -LRB- now Schiff Nature Preserve -RRB- , as a professional training center in Mendham Borough , Morris County , New Jersey . Berg lived in Lake Telemark , New Jersey . He died at 90 years at age at Dover General Hospital -LRB- now Saint Clare 's Hospital/Dover General -RRB- in Dover , New Jersey . ", "Ronnie Self -LRB- July 5 , 1938 -- August 28 , 1981 -RRB- was a United States rockabilly singer and songwriter . His solo career was unsuccessful , despite being signed to contracts with Columbia and then Decca from the late 1950s through the early 1960s . His only charted single was `` Bop-A-Lena '' ; recorded in 1957 and released in 1958 , it reached No. 68 on the Billboard charts . His boastful country anthem `` Ai n't I 'm a Dog '' was a regional hit in the South , but failed to score nationally . A talented performer and songwriter , Self 's career was blighted by his severe alcoholism and erratic behavior , including incidents of violence . However , Brenda Lee 's recordings of his songs `` I 'm Sorry '' , `` Sweet Nothin 's '' , and `` Everybody Loves Me But You '' became major pop classics . His country gospel song `` Ai n't That Beautiful Singing '' , recorded by Jake Hess , was awarded a Grammy Award for Best Sacred Performance in 1969 . He also wrote Brenda Lee 's 1963 No. 28 UK hit single `` Sweet Impossible You '' -LRB- the B-side to `` The Grass is Greener '' in the United States -RRB- . He died in Springfield , Missouri , in 1981 aged 43 . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Pulmonary_embolism", "Venous_thrombosis", "EBOO", "Hypoxic_ventilatory_response", "Tropical_eosinophilia" ]

[ "Pulmonary embolism -LRB- PE -RRB- is a blockage of an artery in the lungs by a substance that has traveled from elsewhere in the body through the bloodstream -LRB- embolism -RRB- . Symptoms of a PE may include shortness of breath , chest pain particularly upon breathing in , and coughing up blood . Symptoms of a blood clot in the leg may also be present such as a red , warm , swollen , and painful leg . Signs of a PE include low blood oxygen levels , rapid breathing , rapid heart rate , and sometimes a mild fever . Severe cases can lead to passing out , abnormally low blood pressure , and sudden death . PE usually results from a blood clot in the leg that travels to the lung . The risk of blood clots is increased by cancer , prolonged bed rest , smoking , stroke , certain genetic conditions , estrogen-based medication , pregnancy , obesity , and after some types of surgery . A small proportion of cases are due to the embolization of air , fat , or amniotic fluid . Diagnosis is based on signs and symptoms in combination with test results . If the risk is low a blood test known as a D-dimer will rule out the condition . Otherwise a CT pulmonary angiography , lung ventilation/perfusion scan , or ultrasound of the legs may confirm the diagnosis . Together deep vein thrombosis and PE are known as venous thromboembolism -LRB- VTE -RRB- . Efforts to prevent PE include beginning to move as soon as possible after surgery , lower leg exercises during periods of sitting , and the use of blood thinners after some types of surgery . Treatment is typically with blood thinners such as heparin or warfarin . Often these are recommended for six months or longer . Severe cases may require thrombolysis using medication such as tissue plasminogen activator -LRB- tPA -RRB- , or may require surgery such as a pulmonary thrombectomy . If blood thinners are not appropriate , a vena cava filter may be used . Pulmonary emboli affect about 430,000 people each year in Europe . In the United States between 300,000 and 600,000 cases occur each year , which results in between 50,000 and 200,000 deaths . Rates are similar in males and females . They become more common as people get older . ", "A venous thrombus is a blood clot -LRB- thrombus -RRB- that forms within a vein . Thrombosis is a term for a blood clot occurring inside a blood vessel . A common type of venous thrombosis is a deep vein thrombosis -LRB- DVT -RRB- , which is a blood clot in the deep veins of the leg . If the thrombus breaks off -LRB- embolizes -RRB- and flows towards the lungs , it can become a pulmonary embolism -LRB- PE -RRB- , a blood clot in the lungs . An inflammatory reaction is usually present , mainly in the superficial veins and , for this reason this pathology is called most of the time thrombophlebitis . The inflammatory reaction and the white blood cells play a role in the resolution of venous clots . The initial treatment for venous thromboembolism is typically with either low molecular weight heparin -LRB- LMWH -RRB- or unfractionated heparin . LMWH appears to have lower rates of side effects ; however , both result in similar rates of survival . ", "EBOO or Extracorporeal Blood Oxygenation and Ozonation is a hemofiltration-like procedure developed and reported in 2005 as being used in the medical department at the University of Siena in Italy . ", "Hypoxic ventilatory response -LRB- HVR -RRB- is the increase in ventilation induced by hypoxia that allows the body to intake and process oxygen at higher rates . It is initially elevated in lowlanders who travel to high altitude , but reduces significantly over time as people acclimatize . In biological anthropology , HVR also refers to human adaptation to environmental stresses resulting from high altitude . In mammals , HVR invokes several physiological mechanisms . It is a direct result of the decrease in partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood , and leads to increased ventilation . The body has different ways of coping with acute hypoxia . Mammals that rely on pulmonary ventilation will increase their ventilation to account for the lack of oxygen reaching the tissues . Mammals will also experience decreases in aerobic metabolism and oxygen demand , along with increases in ATP production . The physiological mechanisms differ in effect and in course of time . HVR is time dependent and can be divided into two phases : the first -LRB- 0 -- 5 minutes -RRB- of ventilation increase , and the second -LRB- 5 -- 20 minutes -RRB- of slow decline . The initial increase in ventilation from HVR is initiated by the carotid bodies , which are bilaterally located at the port of brain circulation . Carotid bodies contain oxygen-sensitive cells that become more active in response to hypoxia . They send input to the brainstem which is then processed by respiratory centers . Other mechanisms include hypoxia-inducible factors , particularly HIF1 . Hormonal changes have also been associated with HVR , particularly those that affect the functioning of the carotid bodies . As HVR is a response to decreased oxygen availability , it shares the same environmental triggers as hypoxia . Such precursors include travelling to high altitude locations and living in an environment with high levels of carbon monoxide . Combined with climate , HVR can affect fitness and hydration . Especially for lowlanders who traverse past 6000 meters in altitude , the limit of prolonged human exposure to hypoxia , HVR may result in hyperventilation and ultimately the deterioration of the body . Oxygen consumption is reduced to a maximum of 1 liter per minute . Travelers acclimatized to high altitudes exhibit high levels of HVR , as it provides advantages such as increased oxygen intake , enhanced physical and mental performance , and lower susceptibility to illnesses associated with high altitude . Adaptations in populations living at high altitudes range from cultural to genetic , and vary among populations . For example , Tibetans living at high altitudes have a more sensitive hypoxic ventilatory response than do Andean peoples living at similar altitudes , even though both populations exhibit greater aerobic capacity compared to lowlanders . The cause of this difference is most likely genetic , although developmental factors may also contribute . ", "Tropical -LRB- pulmonary -RRB- eosinophilia , or TPE , is characterized by coughing , asthmatic attacks , and an enlarged spleen , and is caused by Wuchereria bancrofti , a filarial infection . It occurs most frequently in India and Southeast Asia . Tropical eosinophilia is considered a manifestation of a species of microfilaria . This disease can be confused with tuberculosis , asthma , or coughs related to roundworms . Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia is a rare , but well recognised , syndrome characterised by pulmonary interstitial infiltrates and marked peripheral eosinophilia . This condition is more widely recognised and promptly diagnosed in filariasis-endemic regions , such as the Indian subcontinent , Africa , Asia and South America . In nonendemic countries , patients are commonly thought to have bronchial asthma . Chronic symptoms may delay the diagnosis by up to five years . Early recognition and treatment with the antifilarial drug , diethylcarbamazine , is important , as delay before treatment may lead to progressive interstitial fibrosis and irreversible impairment . The condition of marked eosinophilia with pulmonary involvement was first termed tropical pulmonary eosinophilia in 1950 . The syndrome is caused by a distinct hypersensitive immunological reaction to microfilariae of W. bancrofti and Brugia malayi . However , only a small percentage -LRB- < 0.5 % -RRB- of the 130 million people globally who are infected with filariasis apparently develop this reaction . The clearance of rapidly opsonised microfilariae from the bloodstream results in a hypersensitive immunological process and abnormal recruitment of eosinophils , as reflected by extremely high IgE levels of over 1000 kU/L . The typical patient is a young adult man from the Indian subcontinent . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 1, 1 ]

[ "Jack_Dylan_Grazer", "Fricker", "John_DiMaggio", "Jack_Lowden", "Joshua_Harris_-LRB-actor-RRB-" ]

[ "Jack Dylan Grazer -LRB- born September 3 , 2003 -RRB- is an American child actor and was born in Los Angeles , California to parents Angela Lafever and Gavin Grazer . His role as Eddie Kaspbrak in Stephen King 's feature film It marks Grazer 's first studio picture . ", "Fricker is a surname . Notable people with the surname include : Brenda Fricker -LRB- born 1945 -RRB- , Academy Award winning Irish actress John Fricker , British actor , played Marteetee in Your Highness Lizzie Fricker , fellow and tutor at Magdalen College , Oxford Mark Fricker , sub-Four-minute miler of the 1980s Miranda Fricker , English philosopher Oliver Fricker , Singaporean criminal Pat Fricker -LRB- 1916 -- 1970 -RRB- , Australian rules footballer and former captain Peter Racine Fricker -LRB- 1920 -- 1990 -RRB- , English composer who lived in the United States for the last 30 years of his life Sara Fricker , wife of English poet Samuel Taylor Coleridge Sylvia Fricker Tyson , CM -LRB- born 1940 -RRB- , musician , performer , singer-songwriter and broadcaster Werner Fricker -LRB- 1936 -- 2001 -RRB- , U.S. soccer halfback who later became president of the United States Soccer Federation ", "John William DiMaggio -LRB- born September 4 , 1968 -RRB- is an American actor , voice actor and comedian , known for his gruff voice , and for his work as Bender from the television show Futurama , Jake the Dog on Adventure Time , and Marcus Fenix in the hit Xbox video game Gears Of War . Other voice-over roles of his include Dr. Drakken and Motor Ed on Kim Possible , Brother Blood on Teen Titans , Rico in The Penguins of Madagascar , Fu Dog and Ogre In American Dragon : Jake Long , Niblet on Pound Puppies , the Scotsman on Samurai Jack , and as the voice of Shnitzel on Chowder . ", "Jack Lowden -LRB- born 2 June 1990 -RRB- is a Scottish stage , television , and film actor . Following a highly successful and award-winning four-year stage career , his first major international onscreen success was in the 2016 miniseries War & Peace , which led to starring roles in feature films . Lowden starred as Eric Liddell in the 2012 play Chariots of Fire in London . In 2014 he won an Olivier Award and the Ian Charleson Award for his role as Oswald in Richard Eyre 's 2013 adaptation of Ibsen 's Ghosts . In 2014 Screen Daily named him one of the UK Stars of Tomorrow . Since 2013 he has been in British television series and feature films , including substantial roles in The Tunnel -LRB- 2013 -RRB- and '71 -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , and leading roles in the BBC miniseries The Passing Bells -LRB- 2014 -RRB- and War & Peace -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . His current projects include roles as golfing legend Tommy Morris in Tommy 's Honour , Tony Benn in the historical film A United Kingdom , a main-cast role in the Holocaust legal-drama film Denial , one of the leads in Christopher Nolan 's Dunkirk , the starring role of Morrissey in the biopic England Is Mine , one of the two leads in the thriller Calibre , and Zak `` Zodiac '' Bevis in Fighting with My Family . In late 2016 the UK arts and entertainment magazine The List chose Lowden as one of The Hot 100 2016 . ", "Joshua Harris -LRB- born November 27 , 1978 -RRB- is an American former child actor , former baseball player , and television producer . He is known for playing Christopher Ewing on the primetime soap opera Dallas . " ]

[ 2, 0, 2, 1, 2 ]

[ "See_You_on_the_Other_Side_-LRB-Korn_album-RRB-", "A_Side_Productions", "The_Other_Side_-LRB-2011_film-RRB-", "Marley_Marl_production_discography", "Astro_Boy_-LRB-2004_video_game-RRB-" ]

[ "See You on the Other Side is the seventh studio album by Korn . It was released on December 6 , 2005 , by Virgin Records . It is their first album without long-time guitarist Brian `` Head '' Welch and the last album with original drummer David Silveria . The album was first certified gold in the United States on January 12 , 2006 ; a subsequent platinum record certification was awarded on March 16 , 2006 . The album is best known for the involvement of renowned production team ` The Matrix ' , best known for coproduction on works by Avril Lavigne , Britney Spears , and Shakira , who managed to give Korn 's music a different sound . The album features layout design and an original painting by the American surrealist / gothic painter David Stoupakis as a cover , eleven more paintings by the artist appear for the additional artwork and the deluxe special edition . ", "A Side Productions is a music production company established by Per Magnusson and David Kreuger in early 2001 . Located in the center of Stockholm , A Side Productions writes and produces songs for artists such as Il Divo , Leona Lewis , Shayne Ward and Paul Potts to mention a few . Together Magnusson and Kreuger started off a musical career in 1994 when invited by Denniz PoP to join his recently founded Cheiron Productions . The following years the tandem gained huge international recognition working with Boyzone , Britney Spears , Westlife and the Backstreet Boys . Shortly after Cheiron was dissolved , Magnusson and Kreuger formed A Side Productions and success has kept coming . This includes co-writing and / or producing three UK No 1 singles to date : Evergreen -LRB- Will Young -RRB- Anyone of Us -LRB- Stupid Mistake -RRB- -LRB- Gareth Gates -RRB- That 's My Goal -LRB- Shayne Ward -RRB- Involved in the immense global success of Il Divo , A Side Productions since 2004 has contributed with more than a dozen productions and songs across their four studio albums . The latest production for the quartet is L'Alba Del Mondo included on The Promise , which was released in the UK on November 10 , 2008 , instantly reaching No 1 . A week later , previous X Factor winner Leona Lewis bounced back to the top of the charts with Spirit The Deluxe Edition including her third single , the A Side Productions ' co-written song Footprints in the Sand , which earlier in 2008 reached No 2 . ", "The Other Side is a 2011 comedy-drama film . The film is the directorial debut of writer David Michaels , who co-wrote the script with Phil Reeves . The film stars Woody Harrelson , Giovanni Ribisi , Dave Matthews , Anjelica Huston and Jason Lee . ", "The following is a discography of production credited to Marley Marl . ", "is a video game based on the 2003 anime television series , produced by Sonic Team . The story deviates from the positive 2003 series with several plot twists like the lack of important characters like Skunk and the lack of backgrounds for characters like Atlas who just appears as a robot bent into destroying all humans and as well changes in several characters personalities like Shadow who just wants to destroy all humans . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 0, 0 ]

[ "Night_of_the_Living_Dead_-LRB-1990_film-RRB-", "Night_of_the_Living_Dead", "Judith_O'Dea", "Scary_or_Die", "The_Living" ]

[ "Night of the Living Dead is a 1990 American horror film directed by Tom Savini and starring Tony Todd , Patricia Tallman and Tom Towles . It is a remake of George A. Romero 's 1968 horror film of the same name . Romero rewrote the original 1968 screenplay co-authored by John A. Russo . ", "Night of the Living Dead is a 1968 American independent horror film , directed by George A. Romero , starring Duane Jones and Judith O'Dea . It was completed on a $ 114,000 budget and premiered October 1 , 1968 . The film became a financial success , grossing $ 12 million domestically and $ 18 million internationally . It has been a cult classic ever since . Night of the Living Dead was heavily criticized at its release for its explicit gore . It eventually garnered critical acclaim and has been selected by the Library of Congress for preservation in the National Film Registry , as a film deemed `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' . The story follows characters Ben -LRB- Jones -RRB- , Barbra -LRB- O'Dea -RRB- , and five others trapped in a rural farmhouse in Western Pennsylvania , which is attacked by a large and growing group of unnamed `` living dead '' monsters drawing on earlier depictions in popular culture of the ghoul , which has led this type of creature to be referred to most popularly as a zombie . This is the most easily recognized version of the living dead , to the point where people gather in mass quantities for conventions dressed as zombies , complete with makeup and prosthetic limbs . Night of the Living Dead led to five subsequent films between 1978 and 2010 , also directed by Romero , and inspired two remakes ; the most well-known remake was released in 1990 , directed by Tom Savini . ", "Judith O'Dea -LRB- born April 20 , 1945 -RRB- is an American actress . She is best known for her role as Barbra in the 1968 George A. Romero film Night of the Living Dead . ", "Scary or Die is a 2012 American horror anthology film that was directed by Bob Badway , Michael Emanuel , and Igor Meglic . The film was released on video on demand on May 1 , 2012 and on DVD on September 11 , 2012 . Initially titled Terror Bytes , the film 's name was later changed to coincide with a horror website by the same name that Emanuel ran with his co-director Igor Meglic and two other filmmakers . The anthology stars Domiziano Arcangeli , Corbin Bleu , and Bill Oberst Jr. , and is composed of five interlocking stories set within the city of Los Angeles . ", "The Living is a 2014 American drama film written and directed by Jack Bryan . It stars Fran Kranz , Jocelin Donahue , Kenny Wormald , Chris Mulkey , and Joelle Carter . Teddy -LRB- Kranz -RRB- learns he has beaten his wife , Molly -LRB- Donahue -RRB- , in a drunken rage . Her brother , Gordon -LRB- Wormald -RRB- , hires an ex-con -LRB- Mulkey -RRB- to kill Teddy . The film premiered at the 2014 Manhattan Film Festival . " ]

[ 0, 2, 0, 0, 1 ]

[ "Elizabeth_Olsen", "Elizabeth_Norberg-Schulz", "Burn_Your_Fire_for_No_Witness", "Beth_Henley", "Anne-Cathrine_Herdorf" ]

[ "Elizabeth Chase `` Lizzie '' Olsen -LRB- born February 16 , 1989 -RRB- is an American actress . She is known for her roles in the films Silent House -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , Liberal Arts -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , Godzilla -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , Avengers : Age of Ultron -LRB- 2015 -RRB- and Captain America : Civil War -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . For her role in the critically acclaimed Martha Marcy May Marlene -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , she was nominated for numerous awards including the Independent Spirit Award for Best Female Lead . She is the younger sister of actresses and fashion designers Mary-Kate Olsen and Ashley Olsen . ", "Elizabeth Norberg-Schulz -LRB- born 27 January 1959 , Oslo -RRB- is a Norwegian/Italian operatic soprano . ", "Burn Your Fire for No Witness is the second studio album by American singer-songwriter Angel Olsen . It was released in February 2014 under Jagjaguwar Records . Forgiven/Forgotten , Hi-Five and Windows were released as singles . A deluxe edition was released on November 18 , 2014 with five additional tracks . ", "Elizabeth Becker `` Beth '' Henley -LRB- born May 8 , 1952 -RRB- is an award-winning American playwright , screen writer , and actress . Her play , Crimes of the Heart won the 1981 Pulitzer Prize for Drama , as well as the 1981 New York Drama Critics ' Circle Award for Best American Play , and a nomination for a Tony Award . Her screenplay for Crimes of the Heart was nominated for an Oscar as Best Adapted Screenplay . ", "Anne-Cathrine Herdorf , -LRB- born 10 July 1967 in Copenhagen -RRB- , is a Danish singer and actress who represented Denmark with the group Bandjo at the 1987 Eurovision Song Contest . Performing the song `` En lille melodi '' -LRB- `` A little tune '' / English recording title : `` A Simple Little Song '' -RRB- she finished in 5th place with 83 points . In 1992 she co-hosted the Danish national final - Dansk Melodi Grand Prix - with another Danish former Eurovision competitor , Anders Frandsen . She appeared at the national final again in 1999 as a jury member and was one of several guest presenters in 2001 . From 1987 to 1993 she played acting roles in several Danish TV productions and from 2001 she has guested or performed as a singer on a number of TV shows . " ]

[ 1, 0, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Elizabeth_Olsen", "Elizabeth_Norberg-Schulz", "Burn_Your_Fire_for_No_Witness", "Beth_Henley", "Anne-Cathrine_Herdorf" ]

[ "Elizabeth Chase `` Lizzie '' Olsen -LRB- born February 16 , 1989 -RRB- is an American actress . She is known for her roles in the films Silent House -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , Liberal Arts -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , Godzilla -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , Avengers : Age of Ultron -LRB- 2015 -RRB- and Captain America : Civil War -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . For her role in the critically acclaimed Martha Marcy May Marlene -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , she was nominated for numerous awards including the Independent Spirit Award for Best Female Lead . She is the younger sister of actresses and fashion designers Mary-Kate Olsen and Ashley Olsen . ", "Elizabeth Norberg-Schulz -LRB- born 27 January 1959 , Oslo -RRB- is a Norwegian/Italian operatic soprano . ", "Burn Your Fire for No Witness is the second studio album by American singer-songwriter Angel Olsen . It was released in February 2014 under Jagjaguwar Records . Forgiven/Forgotten , Hi-Five and Windows were released as singles . A deluxe edition was released on November 18 , 2014 with five additional tracks . ", "Elizabeth Becker `` Beth '' Henley -LRB- born May 8 , 1952 -RRB- is an award-winning American playwright , screen writer , and actress . Her play , Crimes of the Heart won the 1981 Pulitzer Prize for Drama , as well as the 1981 New York Drama Critics ' Circle Award for Best American Play , and a nomination for a Tony Award . Her screenplay for Crimes of the Heart was nominated for an Oscar as Best Adapted Screenplay . ", "Anne-Cathrine Herdorf , -LRB- born 10 July 1967 in Copenhagen -RRB- , is a Danish singer and actress who represented Denmark with the group Bandjo at the 1987 Eurovision Song Contest . Performing the song `` En lille melodi '' -LRB- `` A little tune '' / English recording title : `` A Simple Little Song '' -RRB- she finished in 5th place with 83 points . In 1992 she co-hosted the Danish national final - Dansk Melodi Grand Prix - with another Danish former Eurovision competitor , Anders Frandsen . She appeared at the national final again in 1999 as a jury member and was one of several guest presenters in 2001 . From 1987 to 1993 she played acting roles in several Danish TV productions and from 2001 she has guested or performed as a singer on a number of TV shows . " ]

[ 1, 0, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Elizabeth_Olsen", "Elizabeth_Norberg-Schulz", "Burn_Your_Fire_for_No_Witness", "Beth_Henley", "Anne-Cathrine_Herdorf" ]

[ "Elizabeth Chase `` Lizzie '' Olsen -LRB- born February 16 , 1989 -RRB- is an American actress . She is known for her roles in the films Silent House -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , Liberal Arts -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , Godzilla -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , Avengers : Age of Ultron -LRB- 2015 -RRB- and Captain America : Civil War -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . For her role in the critically acclaimed Martha Marcy May Marlene -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , she was nominated for numerous awards including the Independent Spirit Award for Best Female Lead . She is the younger sister of actresses and fashion designers Mary-Kate Olsen and Ashley Olsen . ", "Elizabeth Norberg-Schulz -LRB- born 27 January 1959 , Oslo -RRB- is a Norwegian/Italian operatic soprano . ", "Burn Your Fire for No Witness is the second studio album by American singer-songwriter Angel Olsen . It was released in February 2014 under Jagjaguwar Records . Forgiven/Forgotten , Hi-Five and Windows were released as singles . A deluxe edition was released on November 18 , 2014 with five additional tracks . ", "Elizabeth Becker `` Beth '' Henley -LRB- born May 8 , 1952 -RRB- is an award-winning American playwright , screen writer , and actress . Her play , Crimes of the Heart won the 1981 Pulitzer Prize for Drama , as well as the 1981 New York Drama Critics ' Circle Award for Best American Play , and a nomination for a Tony Award . Her screenplay for Crimes of the Heart was nominated for an Oscar as Best Adapted Screenplay . ", "Anne-Cathrine Herdorf , -LRB- born 10 July 1967 in Copenhagen -RRB- , is a Danish singer and actress who represented Denmark with the group Bandjo at the 1987 Eurovision Song Contest . Performing the song `` En lille melodi '' -LRB- `` A little tune '' / English recording title : `` A Simple Little Song '' -RRB- she finished in 5th place with 83 points . In 1992 she co-hosted the Danish national final - Dansk Melodi Grand Prix - with another Danish former Eurovision competitor , Anders Frandsen . She appeared at the national final again in 1999 as a jury member and was one of several guest presenters in 2001 . From 1987 to 1993 she played acting roles in several Danish TV productions and from 2001 she has guested or performed as a singer on a number of TV shows . " ]

[ 1, 0, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Elizabeth_Olsen", "Elizabeth_Norberg-Schulz", "Burn_Your_Fire_for_No_Witness", "Beth_Henley", "Anne-Cathrine_Herdorf" ]

[ "Elizabeth Chase `` Lizzie '' Olsen -LRB- born February 16 , 1989 -RRB- is an American actress . She is known for her roles in the films Silent House -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , Liberal Arts -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , Godzilla -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , Avengers : Age of Ultron -LRB- 2015 -RRB- and Captain America : Civil War -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . For her role in the critically acclaimed Martha Marcy May Marlene -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , she was nominated for numerous awards including the Independent Spirit Award for Best Female Lead . She is the younger sister of actresses and fashion designers Mary-Kate Olsen and Ashley Olsen . ", "Elizabeth Norberg-Schulz -LRB- born 27 January 1959 , Oslo -RRB- is a Norwegian/Italian operatic soprano . ", "Burn Your Fire for No Witness is the second studio album by American singer-songwriter Angel Olsen . It was released in February 2014 under Jagjaguwar Records . Forgiven/Forgotten , Hi-Five and Windows were released as singles . A deluxe edition was released on November 18 , 2014 with five additional tracks . ", "Elizabeth Becker `` Beth '' Henley -LRB- born May 8 , 1952 -RRB- is an award-winning American playwright , screen writer , and actress . Her play , Crimes of the Heart won the 1981 Pulitzer Prize for Drama , as well as the 1981 New York Drama Critics ' Circle Award for Best American Play , and a nomination for a Tony Award . Her screenplay for Crimes of the Heart was nominated for an Oscar as Best Adapted Screenplay . ", "Anne-Cathrine Herdorf , -LRB- born 10 July 1967 in Copenhagen -RRB- , is a Danish singer and actress who represented Denmark with the group Bandjo at the 1987 Eurovision Song Contest . Performing the song `` En lille melodi '' -LRB- `` A little tune '' / English recording title : `` A Simple Little Song '' -RRB- she finished in 5th place with 83 points . In 1992 she co-hosted the Danish national final - Dansk Melodi Grand Prix - with another Danish former Eurovision competitor , Anders Frandsen . She appeared at the national final again in 1999 as a jury member and was one of several guest presenters in 2001 . From 1987 to 1993 she played acting roles in several Danish TV productions and from 2001 she has guested or performed as a singer on a number of TV shows . " ]

[ 1, 0, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Keegan-Michael_Key", "Jackson_Heywood", "Dreams_from_My_Real_Father", "Randy_Quaid", "Key_&_Peele" ]

[ "Keegan-Michael Key -LRB- born March 22 , 1971 -RRB- is an American actor , comedian , writer , and producer . He starred in the Comedy Central sketch series Key & Peele and co-stars in the USA Network comedy series Playing House . He spent six seasons as a cast member on MADtv and has made several guest appearances on Whose Line is it Anyway ? . In 2014 , he also starred in the first season of the FX series Fargo and had a recurring role on the sixth and seventh season of the NBC series Parks and Recreation . He has had supporting roles in several films , including Let 's Be Cops , Tomorrowland and Pitch Perfect 2 . In 2015 , Key appeared at the White House Correspondents ' Dinner as the character Luther , President Barack Obama 's anger translator . In 2016 , he produced and starred in Keanu -LRB- 2016 -RRB- with his Key & Peele co-star Jordan Peele . He also hosted the show Planet 's Funniest Animals on Animal Planet . ", "Jackson Heywood is an Australian actor . He is perhaps most notable for his role as Brody Morgan on the long-running Seven Network soap opera Home and Away . ", "Dreams from My Real Father : A Story of Reds and Deception is a 2012 American film by Joel Gilbert . It presents his conspiracy theory that U.S. President Barack Obama 's biological father was Frank Marshall Davis , an American poet and labor activist in Chicago and Hawaii , rather than the Kenyan Barack Obama , Sr. . The film claims that Davis -LRB- who had been a closet member of the Communist Party USA -RRB- influenced the young Obama 's ideology , a claim disputed by Obama biographer David Remnick . The title is derived from Obama 's memoir about his early life , Dreams from My Father -LRB- 1995 -RRB- . Reviews of the film were generally negative , noting that Gilbert had not proved any of his allegations , and the film was described as a `` pseudo-documentary '' and in `` bad taste '' . ", "Randy Randall Rudy Quaid -LRB- born October 1 , 1950 -RRB- is an American actor . He has been nominated for a Golden Globe Award , BAFTA Award and an Academy Award for his role in The Last Detail . Quaid also won a Golden Globe and was nominated for an Emmy Award for his portrayal of U.S. President Lyndon Johnson in LBJ : The Early Years . He also received Emmy nominations for his roles in A Streetcar Named Desire and Elvis . Quaid is also well known for his roles in the National Lampoon 's Vacation movies , Brokeback Mountain , Independence Day and Kingpin . ", "Key & Peele is an American sketch comedy television series created by Keegan-Michael Key and Jordan Peele for Comedy Central . Both Key and Peele previously worked on MADtv . Each episode of the show consists mainly of several pre-taped skits starring the two actors . The sketches cover a variety of societal topics , often with a focus on American popular culture , ethnic stereotypes , and race relations . Key & Peele premiered on January 31 , 2012 and ended on September 9 , 2015 , with a total of 53 episodes , over the course of five seasons . A special entitled `` Key & Peele 's Super Bowl Special '' aired on January 30 , 2015 . Key & Peele won a Peabody Award and two Primetime Emmy Awards and has been nominated for various other awards , including Writers Guild Award , NAACP Image Award and 16 additional Primetime Emmy Awards in various categories . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Deepika_Padukone", "Piku", "Cocktail_-LRB-2012_film-RRB-", "Deepak_Prasad", "Mallika_Kapoor" ]

[ "Deepika Padukone -LRB- -LSB- d̪iːpɪkaː pəɖʊkoːɳ -RSB- ; born 5 January 1986 -RRB- is an Indian film actress . One of the highest-paid actresses in the world , Padukone is the recipient of several awards , including three Filmfare Awards . She features in listings of the nation 's most popular and attractive personalities . Padukone , the daughter of the badminton player Prakash Padukone , was born in Copenhagen and raised in Bangalore . As a teenager , she played badminton in national level championships but left her career in the sport to become a fashion model . She soon received offers for film roles and made her acting debut in 2006 as the title character of the Kannada film Aishwarya . Padukone then played a dual role in her first Bollywood releasethe 2007 blockbuster Om Shanti Omand won a Filmfare Award for Best Female Debut . Padukone received praise for portraying the lead roles in the romance Love Aaj Kal -LRB- 2009 -RRB- and the drama Lafangey Parindey -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , but her performances in the romance Bachna Ae Haseeno -LRB- 2008 -RRB- and the comedy Housefull -LRB- 2010 -RRB- were met with negative reviews . The 2012 box office hit Cocktail marked a turning point in Padukone 's career , earning her praise and Best Actress nominations at several award ceremonies . She rose to prominence with starring roles in the romantic comedies Yeh Jawaani Hai Deewani -LRB- 2013 -RRB- and Chennai Express -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , the heist comedy Happy New Year -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , and the historical romance Bajirao Mastani -LRB- 2015 -RRB- , all of which rank among the highest-grossing Bollywood films . Padukone 's acclaimed portrayal of a character based on Juliet in the tragic romance Goliyon Ki Raasleela Ram-Leela -LRB- 2013 -RRB- and a headstrong architect in the comedy-drama Piku -LRB- 2015 -RRB- won her two Best Actress awards at Filmfare . Her first project in Hollywood came with the action film xXx : Return of Xander Cage -LRB- 2017 -RRB- . Alongside her acting career , Padukone participates in stage shows , has written columns for an Indian newspaper , is a prominent celebrity endorser for brands and products , and is vocal about issues such as feminism and depression . She has designed her own line of clothing for women and is the founder of The Live Love Laugh Foundation , which creates awareness on mental health in India . ", "Piku is a 2015 Indian comedy-drama film directed by Shoojit Sircar and produced by N.P. Singh , Ronnie Lahiri and Sneha Rajani . It stars Deepika Padukone as the titular protagonist , Amitabh Bachchan and Irrfan Khan , with Moushumi Chatterjee and Jisshu Sengupta portraying supporting roles . It tells the story of the short-tempered Piku Banerjee -LRB- Padukone -RRB- , her grumpy , ageing father Bhashkor -LRB- Bachchan -RRB- and Rana Chaudhary -LRB- Khan -RRB- , who is stuck between the father-daughter duo , as they embark on a journey from Delhi to Kolkata . The story and screenplay was written by Juhi Chaturvedi . Principal photography began in August 2014 and was wrapped up in December . Anupam Roy composed the soundtrack and score , and wrote the lyrics . Piku was released on 8 May 2015 . It garnered wide critical acclaim upon release . Critics praised the screenplay , performances , humour and overall simplicity . It also emerged as a commercial success worldwide . Made on a budget of , Piku earned worldwide . On January 11 , 2016 , the film was nominated for Best Film in the 61st Filmfare Awards , as well as other categories . Padukone won her second Filmfare Award for Best Actress , and Bachchan received his fourth National Film Award for Best Actor at the 63rd National Film Awards and his third Filmfare Critics Award for Best Actor for his performance . ", "Cocktail is a 2012 Indian romantic comedy-drama film directed by Homi Adajania under the banner of Illuminati Films . The film stars Saif Ali Khan , Deepika Padukone and newcomer Diana Penty in lead roles , with Dimple Kapadia and Boman Irani appearing in supporting roles . Randeep Hooda has a special appearance . Adajania has previously worked with Khan , Kapadia , and Irani in his directorial debut Being Cyrus . Cocktail released worldwide on 13 July 2012 and received a positive to mixed reception from critics , with high praise to Deepika Padukone 's performance and was declared as the best performance of her career , earning her Best Actress nominations at various award ceremonies . Padukone was honoured with a Smita Patil memorial award for her breakthrough performance . The film also emerged as a major commercial success in both India and abroad . After its three-week run , Box Office India declared the movie a hit in India and abroad . ", "Deepak Sunil Prasadh is an Indian film director and writer . ", "Mallika Kapoor is an Indian film actress , working in the South Indian film industries mainly in Malayalam , Tamil and Kannada . She has also appeared in a few Telugu and Hindi films . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Latvian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic", "Soviet_Union", "Armenian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic", "Latvia", "Estonian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" ]

[ "The Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic -LRB- Latvian SSR ; Latvijas Padomju Sociālistiskā Republika Латвийская Советская Социалистическая Республика , Latviyskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika -RRB- , also known as Soviet Latvia or Latvia , was a republic of the Soviet Union . It was established on 21 July 1940 , during World War II , as a Soviet puppet state in the territory of the previously independent Republic of Latvia after it had been occupied on June 17 , 1940 by the Soviet Army , in conformity with the terms of the 23 August 1939 Molotov -- Ribbentrop Pact . Following the Welles Declaration of July 23 , 1940 , the annexation of Latvia into the Soviet Union -LRB- USSR -RRB- on 5 August 1940 was not recognized as legitimate by the United States , the European Community , and recognition of it as the nominal fifteenth constituent republic of the USSR was withheld for five decades . Its territory was subsequently conquered by Nazi Germany in June -- July 1941 , before being retaken by the Soviets in 1944 -- 1945 . Nevertheless , Latvia continued to exist as an de jure independent country with a number of countries continued to recognize Latvian diplomats and consuls who still functioned in the name of their former governments . Soviet rule came to the end during the dissolution of the Soviet Union . The first freely elected parliament of the Latvian SSR passed a declaration `` On the Renewal of the Independence of the Republic of Latvia '' on May 4 , 1990 , restoring the official name of the State of Latvia as the Republic of Latvia . and restoring its former state symbols - flag and anthem . The full independence of the Republic of Latvia was restored on 21 August 1991 , during the 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt and fully recognized by the Soviet Union on 6 September 1991 . ", "The Soviet Union -LRB- -LSB- Сове́тский Сою́з , r = Sovetskiy Soyuz -RSB- -LSB- sɐ ` vʲetskʲɪj sɐˈjʉs -RSB- -RRB- , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics -LRB- USSR ; Сою́з Сове́тских Социалисти́ческих Респу́блик , -LSB- sɐˈjus sɐˈvʲɛtskʲɪx sətsɨəlʲɪsˈtʲitɕɪskʲɪx rʲɪˈspublʲɪk -RSB- -RRB- , also known unofficially as Russia -LRB- -LSB- Росси́я , Rossiya , rɐˈsʲijə -RSB- -RRB- , was a socialist state in Eurasia that existed from 1922 to 1991 . Nominally a union of multiple equal national Soviet republics , its government and economy were highly centralized in a state that was unitary in most respects . The country was a one-party federation , governed by the Communist Party with Moscow as its capital . The Soviet Union had its roots in the October Revolution of 1917 , when the Bolsheviks , led by Vladimir Lenin , overthrew the Russian Provisional Government which had replaced Tsar Nicholas II . In 1922 , the Soviet Union was formed with the unification of the Russian , Transcaucasian , Ukrainian , and Byelorussian republics . Following Lenin 's death in 1924 and a brief power struggle , Joseph Stalin came to power in the mid-1920s . Stalin committed the state 's ideology to Marxism -- Leninism -LRB- which he created -RRB- , and initiated a centrally planned economy . As a result , the country underwent a period of rapid industrialization and collectivization . Political paranoia was also fomented around Stalin , and the Great Purge was carried out to remove his opponents from the Communist Party through arbitrary arrests and persecutions of many people . Shortly before World War II , Stalin signed the Molotov -- Ribbentrop Pact agreeing to non-aggression with Nazi Germany , after which the two countries invaded Poland in September 1939 . In June 1941 , Germany invaded the Soviet Union , opening the largest and bloodiest theater of war in history . Soviet war casualties accounted for the highest proportion of the conflict in the effort of acquiring the upper hand over Axis forces at intense battles such as Stalingrad . The territories overtaken by the Red Army became satellite states of the USSR . The Cold War emerged by 1947 as the Eastern Bloc which united under the Warsaw Pact in 1955 confronted the Western states which united under NATO in 1949 . Following Stalin 's death in 1953 , a period of political and economic liberalization , known as `` de-Stalinization '' and `` Khrushchev 's Thaw '' , occurred under the leadership of Nikita Khrushchev . The Soviet Union took an early lead in the Space Race , with the first artificial satellite and the first human spaceflight . In the 1970s , there was a brief détente of relations with the United States , but tensions resumed with the Soviet -- Afghan War in 1979 . In the mid-1980s , the last Soviet leader , Mikhail Gorbachev , sought to reform and liberalize the economy through his policies of glasnost and perestroika . The Cold War ended during his tenure , and in 1989 , Soviet satellite states in Eastern Europe overthrew their respective communist governments . This led to the rise of strong nationalist and separatist movements inside the USSR as well . The government initiated a referendum , boycotted by some Soviet republics , which resulted in the majority of participating citizens voting in favor of preserving the union as a renewed federation . In August 1991 , an abortive coup d'état was attempted by Communist Party hardliners . The Russian President Boris Yeltsin played a high-profile role in facing down the coup . On 25 December 1991 , Gorbachev resigned and the remaining twelve constituent republics emerged from the dissolution of the Soviet Union as independent post-Soviet states . The Russian Federation -- formerly the Russian SFSR -- assumed the Soviet Union 's rights and obligations and is recognized as the primary legal successor of the Soviet Union . ", "Armenia -LRB- -LSB- ɑrˈmiːniə -RSB- , -LSB- - ˈmiːnjə -RSB- Հայաստան , tr . Hayastan , -LSB- hɑjɑsˈtɑn -RSB- ; Армения Armeniya -RRB- , officially the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic ; -LRB- Armenian SSR ; Հայկական Սովետական Սոցիալիստական Հանրապետություն Haykakan Sovetakan Soc ` ialistakan Hanrapetut ` yun Армя́нская Сове́тская Социалисти́ческая Респу́блика Armyanskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialističeskaya Respublika -RRB- , also commonly referred to as Soviet Armenia was one of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union in December 1922 located in the South Caucasus region of Eurasia . It was established in December 1920 , when the Soviets took over control of the short-lived First Republic of Armenia and lasted until 1991 . It is sometimes called the Second Republic of Armenia , following the First Republic of Armenia 's demise . As part of the Soviet Union , the Armenian SSR transformed from a largely agricultural hinterland to an important industrial production center , while its population almost quadrupled from around 880,000 in 1926 to 3.3 million in 1989 due to natural growth and large-scale influx of Armenian Genocide survivors and their descendants . On August 23 , 1990 , it was renamed the Republic of Armenia after its sovereignty was declared , but remained in the Soviet Union until its official proclamation of independence on 21 September 1991 . Its independence was recognized on 26 December 1991 when the Soviet Union ceased to exist . After the dissolution of the Soviet Union , the state of the post-Union Republic of Armenia existed until the adoption of the new constitution in 1995 . ", "Latvia -LRB- -LSB- ˈlætviə -RSB- Latvija -LSB- ˈlatvija -RSB- -RRB- , officially the Republic of Latvia -LRB- -LSB- Latvijas Republika , links = no -RSB- -RRB- , is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe , one of the three Baltic states . It is bordered by Estonia to the north , Lithuania to the south , Russia to the east , and Belarus to the southeast , as well as a maritime border to the west alongside Sweden . Latvia has 1,957,200 inhabitants and a territory of 64589 km2 . The country has a temperate seasonal climate . Latvia is a democratic parliamentary republic established in 1918 . The capital city is Riga , the European Capital of Culture 2014 . Latvian is the official language . Latvia is a unitary state , divided into 119 administrative divisions , of which 110 are municipalities and 9 are cities . Latvians and Livs are the indigenous people of Latvia . Latvian and Lithuanian are the only two surviving Baltic languages . Despite foreign rule from the 13th to 20th centuries , the Latvian nation maintained its identity throughout the generations via the language and musical traditions . Latvia and Estonia share a long common history . As a consequence of centuries of Russian rule -LRB- 1710-1918 -RRB- and later Soviet occupation , both countries are home to a large number of ethnic Russians -LRB- 26.9 % in Latvia and 25.5 % in Estonia -RRB- , some of whom -LRB- 14.1 % of Latvian residents -RRB- have not gained citizenship , leaving them with no citizenship at all . Until World War II , Latvia also had significant minorities of ethnic Germans and Jews . Latvia is historically predominantly Protestant Lutheran , except for the Latgale region in the southeast , which has historically been predominantly Roman Catholic . The Russian population has also brought a significant portion of Eastern Orthodox Christians . The Republic of Latvia was founded on 18 November 1918 . However , its de facto independence was interrupted at the outset of World War II . In 1940 , the country was forcibly incorporated into the Soviet Union , invaded and occupied by Nazi Germany in 1941 , and re-occupied by the Soviets in 1944 to form the Latvian SSR for the next fifty years . The peaceful Singing Revolution , starting in 1987 , called for Baltic emancipation of Soviet rule . It ended with the Declaration on the Restoration of Independence of the Republic of Latvia on 4 May 1990 , and restoring de facto independence on 21 August 1991 . Latvia is a democratic and developed country and member of the European Union , NATO , the Council of Europe , the United Nations , CBSS , the IMF , NB8 , NIB , OECD , OSCE , and WTO . For 2014 , Latvia was listed 46th on the Human Development Index and as a high income country on 1 July 2014 . It used the Latvian lats as its currency until it was replaced by the euro on 1 January 2014 . ", "The Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic -LRB- Estonian SSR or ESSR ; Eesti Nõukogude Sotsialistlik Vabariik ENSV ; Эстонская Советская Социалистическая Республика ЭССР , Estonskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika ESSR -RRB- , also known as Soviet Estonia or Estonia was a republic of the Soviet Union , administered by a subordinate of the Government of the Soviet Union . The ESSR was initially established on the territory of the Republic of Estonia on July 21 , 1940 , following the invasion of Soviet troops on June 17 , 1940 , and the installation of a puppet government backed by the Soviet Union , which declared Estonia a Soviet state . The Estonian SSR was subsequently incorporated into the USSR on August 9 , 1940 . The territory was occupied by Nazi Germany from 1941 to 1944 . Most countries did not recognise the incorporation of Estonia de jure and only recognised its Soviet government de facto or not at all . A number of these countries continued to recognize Estonian diplomats and consuls who still functioned in the name of their former government . This policy of non-recognition gave rise to the principle of legal continuity , which held that de jure , Estonia remained an independent state under occupation throughout the period 1940 -- 91 . On 16 November 1988 , the Estonian SSR became the first republic within the Soviet sphere of influence to declare state sovereignty from Moscow . On 30 March 1990 , the Estonian SSR declared that Estonia had been occupied since 1940 and declared a transitional period for the country 's full independence . The Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic was renamed as the Republic of Estonia on May 8 , 1990 . The independence of the Republic of Estonia was re-established on August 20 during the 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt the following year and the Soviet Union itself recognized the independence of Estonia on September 6 , 1991 . " ]

[ 2, 1, 1, 2, 0 ]

[ "Latvian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic", "Soviet_Union", "Armenian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic", "Latvia", "Estonian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" ]

[ "The Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic -LRB- Latvian SSR ; Latvijas Padomju Sociālistiskā Republika Латвийская Советская Социалистическая Республика , Latviyskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika -RRB- , also known as Soviet Latvia or Latvia , was a republic of the Soviet Union . It was established on 21 July 1940 , during World War II , as a Soviet puppet state in the territory of the previously independent Republic of Latvia after it had been occupied on June 17 , 1940 by the Soviet Army , in conformity with the terms of the 23 August 1939 Molotov -- Ribbentrop Pact . Following the Welles Declaration of July 23 , 1940 , the annexation of Latvia into the Soviet Union -LRB- USSR -RRB- on 5 August 1940 was not recognized as legitimate by the United States , the European Community , and recognition of it as the nominal fifteenth constituent republic of the USSR was withheld for five decades . Its territory was subsequently conquered by Nazi Germany in June -- July 1941 , before being retaken by the Soviets in 1944 -- 1945 . Nevertheless , Latvia continued to exist as an de jure independent country with a number of countries continued to recognize Latvian diplomats and consuls who still functioned in the name of their former governments . Soviet rule came to the end during the dissolution of the Soviet Union . The first freely elected parliament of the Latvian SSR passed a declaration `` On the Renewal of the Independence of the Republic of Latvia '' on May 4 , 1990 , restoring the official name of the State of Latvia as the Republic of Latvia . and restoring its former state symbols - flag and anthem . The full independence of the Republic of Latvia was restored on 21 August 1991 , during the 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt and fully recognized by the Soviet Union on 6 September 1991 . ", "The Soviet Union -LRB- -LSB- Сове́тский Сою́з , r = Sovetskiy Soyuz -RSB- -LSB- sɐ ` vʲetskʲɪj sɐˈjʉs -RSB- -RRB- , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics -LRB- USSR ; Сою́з Сове́тских Социалисти́ческих Респу́блик , -LSB- sɐˈjus sɐˈvʲɛtskʲɪx sətsɨəlʲɪsˈtʲitɕɪskʲɪx rʲɪˈspublʲɪk -RSB- -RRB- , also known unofficially as Russia -LRB- -LSB- Росси́я , Rossiya , rɐˈsʲijə -RSB- -RRB- , was a socialist state in Eurasia that existed from 1922 to 1991 . Nominally a union of multiple equal national Soviet republics , its government and economy were highly centralized in a state that was unitary in most respects . The country was a one-party federation , governed by the Communist Party with Moscow as its capital . The Soviet Union had its roots in the October Revolution of 1917 , when the Bolsheviks , led by Vladimir Lenin , overthrew the Russian Provisional Government which had replaced Tsar Nicholas II . In 1922 , the Soviet Union was formed with the unification of the Russian , Transcaucasian , Ukrainian , and Byelorussian republics . Following Lenin 's death in 1924 and a brief power struggle , Joseph Stalin came to power in the mid-1920s . Stalin committed the state 's ideology to Marxism -- Leninism -LRB- which he created -RRB- , and initiated a centrally planned economy . As a result , the country underwent a period of rapid industrialization and collectivization . Political paranoia was also fomented around Stalin , and the Great Purge was carried out to remove his opponents from the Communist Party through arbitrary arrests and persecutions of many people . Shortly before World War II , Stalin signed the Molotov -- Ribbentrop Pact agreeing to non-aggression with Nazi Germany , after which the two countries invaded Poland in September 1939 . In June 1941 , Germany invaded the Soviet Union , opening the largest and bloodiest theater of war in history . Soviet war casualties accounted for the highest proportion of the conflict in the effort of acquiring the upper hand over Axis forces at intense battles such as Stalingrad . The territories overtaken by the Red Army became satellite states of the USSR . The Cold War emerged by 1947 as the Eastern Bloc which united under the Warsaw Pact in 1955 confronted the Western states which united under NATO in 1949 . Following Stalin 's death in 1953 , a period of political and economic liberalization , known as `` de-Stalinization '' and `` Khrushchev 's Thaw '' , occurred under the leadership of Nikita Khrushchev . The Soviet Union took an early lead in the Space Race , with the first artificial satellite and the first human spaceflight . In the 1970s , there was a brief détente of relations with the United States , but tensions resumed with the Soviet -- Afghan War in 1979 . In the mid-1980s , the last Soviet leader , Mikhail Gorbachev , sought to reform and liberalize the economy through his policies of glasnost and perestroika . The Cold War ended during his tenure , and in 1989 , Soviet satellite states in Eastern Europe overthrew their respective communist governments . This led to the rise of strong nationalist and separatist movements inside the USSR as well . The government initiated a referendum , boycotted by some Soviet republics , which resulted in the majority of participating citizens voting in favor of preserving the union as a renewed federation . In August 1991 , an abortive coup d'état was attempted by Communist Party hardliners . The Russian President Boris Yeltsin played a high-profile role in facing down the coup . On 25 December 1991 , Gorbachev resigned and the remaining twelve constituent republics emerged from the dissolution of the Soviet Union as independent post-Soviet states . The Russian Federation -- formerly the Russian SFSR -- assumed the Soviet Union 's rights and obligations and is recognized as the primary legal successor of the Soviet Union . ", "Armenia -LRB- -LSB- ɑrˈmiːniə -RSB- , -LSB- - ˈmiːnjə -RSB- Հայաստան , tr . Hayastan , -LSB- hɑjɑsˈtɑn -RSB- ; Армения Armeniya -RRB- , officially the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic ; -LRB- Armenian SSR ; Հայկական Սովետական Սոցիալիստական Հանրապետություն Haykakan Sovetakan Soc ` ialistakan Hanrapetut ` yun Армя́нская Сове́тская Социалисти́ческая Респу́блика Armyanskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialističeskaya Respublika -RRB- , also commonly referred to as Soviet Armenia was one of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union in December 1922 located in the South Caucasus region of Eurasia . It was established in December 1920 , when the Soviets took over control of the short-lived First Republic of Armenia and lasted until 1991 . It is sometimes called the Second Republic of Armenia , following the First Republic of Armenia 's demise . As part of the Soviet Union , the Armenian SSR transformed from a largely agricultural hinterland to an important industrial production center , while its population almost quadrupled from around 880,000 in 1926 to 3.3 million in 1989 due to natural growth and large-scale influx of Armenian Genocide survivors and their descendants . On August 23 , 1990 , it was renamed the Republic of Armenia after its sovereignty was declared , but remained in the Soviet Union until its official proclamation of independence on 21 September 1991 . Its independence was recognized on 26 December 1991 when the Soviet Union ceased to exist . After the dissolution of the Soviet Union , the state of the post-Union Republic of Armenia existed until the adoption of the new constitution in 1995 . ", "Latvia -LRB- -LSB- ˈlætviə -RSB- Latvija -LSB- ˈlatvija -RSB- -RRB- , officially the Republic of Latvia -LRB- -LSB- Latvijas Republika , links = no -RSB- -RRB- , is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe , one of the three Baltic states . It is bordered by Estonia to the north , Lithuania to the south , Russia to the east , and Belarus to the southeast , as well as a maritime border to the west alongside Sweden . Latvia has 1,957,200 inhabitants and a territory of 64589 km2 . The country has a temperate seasonal climate . Latvia is a democratic parliamentary republic established in 1918 . The capital city is Riga , the European Capital of Culture 2014 . Latvian is the official language . Latvia is a unitary state , divided into 119 administrative divisions , of which 110 are municipalities and 9 are cities . Latvians and Livs are the indigenous people of Latvia . Latvian and Lithuanian are the only two surviving Baltic languages . Despite foreign rule from the 13th to 20th centuries , the Latvian nation maintained its identity throughout the generations via the language and musical traditions . Latvia and Estonia share a long common history . As a consequence of centuries of Russian rule -LRB- 1710-1918 -RRB- and later Soviet occupation , both countries are home to a large number of ethnic Russians -LRB- 26.9 % in Latvia and 25.5 % in Estonia -RRB- , some of whom -LRB- 14.1 % of Latvian residents -RRB- have not gained citizenship , leaving them with no citizenship at all . Until World War II , Latvia also had significant minorities of ethnic Germans and Jews . Latvia is historically predominantly Protestant Lutheran , except for the Latgale region in the southeast , which has historically been predominantly Roman Catholic . The Russian population has also brought a significant portion of Eastern Orthodox Christians . The Republic of Latvia was founded on 18 November 1918 . However , its de facto independence was interrupted at the outset of World War II . In 1940 , the country was forcibly incorporated into the Soviet Union , invaded and occupied by Nazi Germany in 1941 , and re-occupied by the Soviets in 1944 to form the Latvian SSR for the next fifty years . The peaceful Singing Revolution , starting in 1987 , called for Baltic emancipation of Soviet rule . It ended with the Declaration on the Restoration of Independence of the Republic of Latvia on 4 May 1990 , and restoring de facto independence on 21 August 1991 . Latvia is a democratic and developed country and member of the European Union , NATO , the Council of Europe , the United Nations , CBSS , the IMF , NB8 , NIB , OECD , OSCE , and WTO . For 2014 , Latvia was listed 46th on the Human Development Index and as a high income country on 1 July 2014 . It used the Latvian lats as its currency until it was replaced by the euro on 1 January 2014 . ", "The Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic -LRB- Estonian SSR or ESSR ; Eesti Nõukogude Sotsialistlik Vabariik ENSV ; Эстонская Советская Социалистическая Республика ЭССР , Estonskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika ESSR -RRB- , also known as Soviet Estonia or Estonia was a republic of the Soviet Union , administered by a subordinate of the Government of the Soviet Union . The ESSR was initially established on the territory of the Republic of Estonia on July 21 , 1940 , following the invasion of Soviet troops on June 17 , 1940 , and the installation of a puppet government backed by the Soviet Union , which declared Estonia a Soviet state . The Estonian SSR was subsequently incorporated into the USSR on August 9 , 1940 . The territory was occupied by Nazi Germany from 1941 to 1944 . Most countries did not recognise the incorporation of Estonia de jure and only recognised its Soviet government de facto or not at all . A number of these countries continued to recognize Estonian diplomats and consuls who still functioned in the name of their former government . This policy of non-recognition gave rise to the principle of legal continuity , which held that de jure , Estonia remained an independent state under occupation throughout the period 1940 -- 91 . On 16 November 1988 , the Estonian SSR became the first republic within the Soviet sphere of influence to declare state sovereignty from Moscow . On 30 March 1990 , the Estonian SSR declared that Estonia had been occupied since 1940 and declared a transitional period for the country 's full independence . The Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic was renamed as the Republic of Estonia on May 8 , 1990 . The independence of the Republic of Estonia was re-established on August 20 during the 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt the following year and the Soviet Union itself recognized the independence of Estonia on September 6 , 1991 . " ]

[ 2, 1, 1, 2, 0 ]

[ "Romani_diaspora", "Romani_people", "Romani_people_in_Greece", "Romani_people_in_the_Republic_of_Macedonia", "Giuseppe_Romani" ]

[ "The Roma people have a number of distinct populations , the largest being the Roma and the Iberian Calé or Caló , who reached Anatolia and the Balkans about the early 12th century , from a migration out of northwestern India beginning about 600 years earlier . They settled in present-day Turkey , Greece , Serbia , Romania , Moldova , Bulgaria , Macedonia , Hungary and Slovakia , by order of volume , and Spain . From the Balkans , they migrated throughout Europe and , in the nineteenth and later centuries , to the Americas . The Romani population in the United States is estimated at more than one million . There is no official or reliable count of the Romani populations worldwide . Many Romani refuse to register their ethnic identity in official censuses for fear of discrimination . Others are descendants of intermarriage with local populations and no longer identify only as Romani , or not at all . As of the early 2000s , an estimated 4 to 9 million Romani people lived in Europe and Asia Minor . although some Romani organizations estimate numbers as high as 14 million . Significant Romani populations are found in the Balkan peninsula , in some Central European states , in Spain , France , Russia , and Ukraine . The total number of Romani living outside Europe are primarily in the Middle East and North Africa and in the Americas , and are estimated in total at more than two million . Some countries do not collect data by ethnicity . The Romani people identify as distinct ethnicities based in part on territorial , cultural and dialectal differences , and self-designation . The main branches are : Roma , concentrated in Central and Eastern Europe and Italy , they emigrated -LRB- mostly from the 19th century onwards -RRB- to the rest of Europe , as well as the Americas ; Iberian Kale , mostly in Spain -LRB- see Romani people in Spain -RRB- , but also in Portugal -LRB- see Romani people in Portugal -RRB- , Southern France and Latin America ; Finnish Kale , in Finland , emigrated also in Sweden ; Welsh Kale , in Wales and the British Isles ; Romanichal , in the United Kingdom , some emigrated also to the United States , Canada and Australia ; Sinti , in German-speaking areas of Europe and some neighboring countries ; Manush , in French-speaking areas of Europe -LRB- in French : Manouche -RRB- ; and Romanisæl , in Norway and Sweden . The Romani have additional internal distinctions , with groups identified as Bashaldé ; Churari ; Luri ; Ungaritza ; Lovari -LRB- Lovara -RRB- from Hungary ; Machvaya -LRB- Machavaya , Machwaya , or Macwaia -RRB- from Serbia ; Romungro from Hungary and neighbouring Carpathian countries ; Erlides -LRB- also Yerlii or Arli -RRB- ; Xoraxai -LRB- Horahane -RRB- from Greece/Turkey ; Boyash -LRB- Lingurari , Ludar , Ludari , Rudari , or Zlătari -RRB- from Romanian/Moldovan miners ; Ursari from Romanian/Moldovan bear-trainers ; Argintari from silversmiths ; Aurari from goldsmiths ; Florari from florists ; and Lăutari from singers . ", "The Romani -LRB- also spelled Romany ; -LSB- ˈroʊməni -RSB- , -LSB- ˈrɒ - -RSB- -RRB- , or Roma , are a traditionally nomadic ethnic group , living mostly in Europe and the Americas and originating from the northern regions of the Indian subcontinent , apparently from the region that is currently occupied by the Indian states of Rajasthan , Haryana , and Punjab . The Romani are widely known among English-speaking people by the exonym `` Gypsies '' -LRB- or `` Gipsies '' -RRB- , which some people consider pejorative due to its connotations of illegality and irregularity . They are a dispersed people , but their most concentrated populations are located in Europe , especially Central , Eastern and Southern Europe -LRB- including Turkey , Spain and Southern France -RRB- . The Romani originated in Northern India and arrived in Mid-West Asia , and Europe soon thereafter , around 1,000 years ago , either separating from the Dom people or , at least , having a similar history . Specifically , the ancestors of both the Romani and the Dom left North India sometime between the sixth and eleventh century . Since the 19th century , some Romani have also migrated to the Americas . There are an estimated one million Roma in the United States ; and 800,000 in Brazil , most of whose ancestors emigrated in the nineteenth century from eastern Europe . Brazil also includes some Romani descended from people deported by the government of Portugal during the Inquisition in the colonial era . In migrations since the late nineteenth century , Romani have also moved to other countries in South America and to Canada . In February 2016 , during the International Roma Conference , the Indian Minister of External Affairs stated that the people of the Roma community were children of India . The conference ended with a recommendation to the Government of India to recognize the Roma community spread across 30 countries as a part of the Indian diaspora . The Romani language is divided into several dialects , which add up to an estimated number of speakers larger than two million . The total number of Romani people is at least twice as large -LRB- several times as large according to high estimates -RRB- . Many Romani are native speakers of the language current in their country of residence , or of mixed languages combining the two ; those varieties are sometimes called Para-Romani . ", "The Romani people of Greece are called Arlije/Erlides , Tsiganoi or the more derogatory term Gyftoi -LRB- Gypsies -RRB- . The number of Roma in Greece is currently estimated to be between 200,000 and 300,000 people . ", "According to the last census from 2002 , there were 53 879 people counted as Romani in the Republic of Macedonia '' ' , or 2.66 % of the population . Another 3 843 people have been counted as `` Egyptians '' -LRB- 0.2 % -RRB- . Altogether , 2.85 % Romani and Egyptians have been registered in Macedonia . Other sources claim the number to be between 80 000 and 260 000 Roma in Macedonia or approximately 4 to 12 % of the total population . The municipality of Šuto Orizari is the only municipality in the world with a Romani majority and the only municipality where Romani is an official language . Due to the demographics , both Romani and Macedonian are official in Šuto Orizari , the municipality being officially bilingual . The mayor of the municipality , Elvis Bajram , is an ethnic Roma . In 2009 , the Government of the Republic of Macedonia took measures to enlarge inclusion of Romani in the education process . The Republic of Macedonia is the region 's leader in respecting the rights of the Romani people . It is the first country in the region with a minister of Romani ethnicity and also has a lot of Romani in high government positions . However , there is still a lot to be done concerning the education and integration of the Romani . ", "Giuseppe Romani -LRB- c. 1654 -- 1718 -RRB- was an Italian painter of the Baroque era . There are very few information available about the life of this artist born in Como , Italy , although many paintings of his still survive . It is not certain if Romani can be identified with the `` Joseph Romani '' , an Italian artist active in Madrid , described by Antonio Palomino in his An account of the lives and works of the most eminent Spanish painters , sculptors and architects . " ]

[ 0, 2, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "The_Monster_-LRB-song-RRB-", "Monster_-LRB-Arashi_song-RRB-", "Black_Toys", "I_of_the_Storm", "Killed_the_Radio_Star" ]

[ "`` The Monster '' is a song by American rapper Eminem , featuring guest vocals from Barbadian singer Rihanna , taken from Eminem 's album The Marshall Mathers LP 2 -LRB- 2013 -RRB- . The song was written by Eminem , Jon Bellion , and Bebe Rexha , with production handled by Frequency . `` The Monster '' marks the fourth collaboration between Eminem and Rihanna , following `` Love the Way You Lie '' , its sequel `` Love the Way You Lie -LRB- Part II -RRB- '' -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , and `` Numb '' -LRB- 2012 -RRB- . `` The Monster '' was released on October 29 , 2013 , as the fourth single from the album . The song 's lyrics present Rihanna coming to grips with her inner demons , while Eminem ponders the negative effects of his fame . Upon release the song was met with positive reviews from music critics , who compared the song to `` Love the Way You Lie '' . `` The Monster '' has successfully charted worldwide , topping the charts in twelve countries including Australia , Canada , France , Ireland , New Zealand , Switzerland , the United Kingdom and the United States ' Billboard Hot 100 . It also marks Eminem 's first number one on the US Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Songs chart and has reached the top ten in Austria , Belgium , Italy and Spain . The song 's accompanying music video was directed by the American filmmaker Rich Lee , the video depicts Rihanna as Eminem 's therapist in a session , as previous videos from his career are shown and referenced including `` Mockingbird '' , `` My Name Is '' , `` Lose Yourself '' , `` 3 a.m. '' , `` The Way I Am '' and the 2001 Grammy Awards performance of `` Stan '' with Elton John . The video was well received and was nominated for several awards . Eminem and Rihanna performed the song live at the 2014 MTV Movie Awards . ", "`` Monster '' is a song recorded by Japanese boy band Arashi . It was released on May 19 , 2010 by their record label J Storm . `` Monster '' is currently being used as the theme song to the drama starring Arashi member Satoshi Ohno . It was released as a CD single in two formats : a regular edition containing two B-sides and the instrumental of all the songs , and a limited edition containing the B-side and a DVD . ", "Black Toys is the third studio album by German techno and electro project of Munich-based DJ and producer Florian Senfter a.k.a. Zombie Nation . It was released on 6 November 2006 on Senfter 's own record label UKW Records . ", "`` I of the Storm '' is a single recorded by the Icelandic indie folk/indie pop rock band Of Monsters and Men . The song was released as the second single from their second studio album , Beneath the Skin -LRB- 2015 -RRB- . It was written by Nanna Bryndís Hilmarsdóttir and Ragnar Þórhallsson -LRB- of Of Monsters and Men -RRB- . The single artwork was created by artistic director Leif Podhajsky . ", "Killed The Radio Star was the fifth album by Canadian punk rock band Closet Monster , released in 2002 . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 0 ]

[ "Temple_of_the_Dog_-LRB-album-RRB-", "Temple_of_the_Dog", "Doggie_Adventure", "The_Golden_Dog", "Exotic_Animal_Petting_Zoo" ]

[ "Temple of the Dog is the only studio album by the American rock band Temple of the Dog , released on April 16 , 1991 , through A&M Records . The album is a tribute to Andrew Wood , the former lead singer of Malfunkshun and Mother Love Bone , who died on March 19 , 1990 , of a heroin overdose . The album has been certified platinum by the RIAA in the United States . ", "Temple of the Dog was an American rock band that formed in Seattle , Washington in 1990 . It was conceived by vocalist Chris Cornell of Soundgarden as a tribute to his friend , the late Andrew Wood , lead singer of the bands Malfunkshun and Mother Love Bone . The line-up includes Stone Gossard on rhythm guitar , Jeff Ament on bass guitar -LRB- both ex-members of Mother Love Bone -RRB- , Mike McCready on lead guitar , and Matt Cameron on drums . Eddie Vedder appeared as a guest to provide some lead and backing vocals . The band released its only album , the self-titled Temple of the Dog , in April 1991 through A&M Records . The recording sessions took place in November and December 1990 at London Bridge Studios , in Seattle , Washington with producer Rakesh `` Rick '' Parashar . Although earning praise from music critics at the time of its release , the album was not widely recognized until 1992 , when Vedder , Ament , Gossard , and McCready had their breakthrough with Pearl Jam . The band toured in 2016 in celebration of the 25th anniversary of their self-titled album . ", "Doggie Adventure is the world 's first video made to entertain the family dog . Shot in 1989 in Minneapolis , Minnesota , the 24 minute VHS video was produced and directed by Harley Toberman . The movie was shot using the steadicam camera mount to give the movie a `` dogs point of view '' taken about 2 feet above the ground . It was reviewed in Time , Newsweek , CNN and appeared in newspapers and magazines around the world . It has been recently released on DVD . ", "The Golden Dog -LRB- Le Chien d'Or -RRB- was a novel by William Kirby -LRB- 1817-1906 -RRB- that was written between April 1869 and 1872 , with further revisions being up through 1876 . After being rejected by several publishers , the work was finally arranged to be published in 1877 by Lovell , Adam , Wesson and Company . However , because the publisher neglected to register the novel , the author lost any royalties to this work . He received a sum total of $ 100 -- 200 for the publication . This novel is based upon three works by James MacPherson Le Moine : The Golden Dog , Château Bigot and La Corriveau . It draws upon the historical background of the city of Quebec for its characters , and tells its story through two intertwining plotlines . The first is of the lady Angélique de Méloizes , Madame de Péan , while the second is of Coronel Pierre Philibert , the son of a prosperous merchant . ", "Exotic Animal Petting Zoo is an experimental mathcore quartet based in Crown Point , Indiana . They released their debut album , I Have Made My Bed In Darkness , on Mediaskare records . Their second album , Tree Of Tongues , was released August 5 , 2012 . They have toured with acts such as Fear Before and Dead Letter Circus . " ]

[ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Elizabeth_I_of_England", "Elizabeth_of_York", "Thomas_Boleyn,_1st_Earl_of_Wiltshire", "Children_of_Henry_VIII", "Anne_Boleyn" ]

[ "Elizabeth I -LRB- 7 September 1533 -- 24 March 1603 -RRB- was Queen of England and Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death . Sometimes called The Virgin Queen , Gloriana or Good Queen Bess , the childless Elizabeth was the last monarch of the Tudor dynasty . Elizabeth was the daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn , his second wife , who was executed two-and-a-half years after Elizabeth 's birth . Anne 's marriage to Henry VIII was annulled , and Elizabeth was declared illegitimate . Her half-brother , Edward VI , ruled until his death in 1553 , bequeathing the crown to Lady Jane Grey and ignoring the claims of his two half-sisters , Elizabeth and the Roman Catholic Mary , in spite of statute law to the contrary . Edward 's will was set aside and Mary became queen , deposing Lady Jane Grey . During Mary 's reign , Elizabeth was imprisoned for nearly a year on suspicion of supporting Protestant rebels . In 1558 , Elizabeth succeeded her half-sister to the throne and set out to rule by good counsel . She depended heavily on a group of trusted advisers , led by William Cecil , 1st Baron Burghley . One of her first actions as queen was the establishment of an English Protestant church , of which she became the Supreme Governor . This Elizabethan Religious Settlement was to evolve into the Church of England . It was expected that Elizabeth would marry and produce an heir to continue the Tudor line . She never did , despite numerous courtships . As she grew older , Elizabeth became famous for her virginity . A cult grew around her which was celebrated in the portraits , pageants , and literature of the day . In government , Elizabeth was more moderate than her father and half-siblings had been . One of her mottoes was `` video et taceo '' -LRB- `` I see but say nothing '' -RRB- . In religion , she was relatively tolerant and avoided systematic persecution . After the pope declared her illegitimate in 1570 and released her subjects from obedience to her , several conspiracies threatened her life , all of which were defeated with the help of her ministers ' secret service . Elizabeth was cautious in foreign affairs , manoeuvring between the major powers of France and Spain . She only half-heartedly supported a number of ineffective , poorly resourced military campaigns in the Netherlands , France , and Ireland . By the mid-1580s , England could no longer avoid war with Spain . England 's defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588 associated Elizabeth with one of the greatest military victories in English history . Elizabeth 's reign is known as the Elizabethan era . The period is famous for the flourishing of English drama , led by playwrights such as William Shakespeare and Christopher Marlowe , and for the seafaring prowess of English adventurers such as Francis Drake . Some historians depict Elizabeth as a short-tempered , sometimes indecisive ruler , who enjoyed more than her share of luck . Towards the end of her reign , a series of economic and military problems weakened her popularity . Elizabeth is acknowledged as a charismatic performer and a dogged survivor in an era when government was ramshackle and limited , and when monarchs in neighbouring countries faced internal problems that jeopardised their thrones . Such was the case with Elizabeth 's rival , Mary , Queen of Scots , whom she imprisoned in 1568 and had executed in 1587 . After the short reigns of Elizabeth 's half-siblings , her 44 years on the throne provided welcome stability for the kingdom and helped forge a sense of national identity . ", "Elizabeth of York -LRB- 11 February 1466 -- 11 February 1503 -RRB- was queen consort of England from 1486 until her death . As the wife of Henry VII , she was the first Tudor queen . She was the daughter of Edward IV and niece of Richard III , and she married the king following Henry 's victory at the Battle of Bosworth which started the last phase of the Wars of the Roses . She was the mother of King Henry VIII . Therefore , she was the daughter , sister , niece , wife , mother and grandmother of successive Kings of England . The period of Henry VI 's readaption from October 1470 until April 1471 and the period between her father 's death in 1483 , when she was 17 , and the making of peace between her mother and her uncle Richard were violent and anxious interludes in what was mostly a peaceful life . Her two brothers disappeared , the `` Princes in the Tower '' , their fate unknown . She was welcomed back to court by her Uncle Richard III , along with all of her sisters . As a Yorkist princess , the final victory of the Lancastrian faction in the War of the Roses may have seemed a further disaster , but Henry Tudor knew the importance of Yorkist support for his invasion and promised to marry her before he arrived in England ; this was an important move , which , however , failed to bring him the desired Yorkist support . Her marriage seems to have been successful , though her eldest son Arthur , Prince of Wales , died at age 15 in 1502 , and three other children died young . She seems to have played little part in politics . Her surviving children became a King of England and queens of France and Scotland ; it is through the Scottish Stuart dynasty that her many modern royal descendants trace their descent from her . ", "Thomas Boleyn , 1st Earl of Wiltshire , 1st Earl of Ormond , 1st Viscount Rochford KG KB -LRB- c. 1477 -- 12 March 1539 -RRB- was an English diplomat and politician in the Tudor era . He was born at the family home , Hever Castle , Kent , which had been purchased by his grandfather Sir Geoffrey Boleyn , who was a wealthy mercer . He was buried at St. Peter 's parish church in the village of Hever . His parents were Sir William Boleyn -LRB- 1451 -- 10 October 1505 -RRB- and Lady Margaret Butler -LRB- 1454 -- 1539 -RRB- . He was the father of Anne Boleyn , the second wife of Henry VIII of England . As such , he was the maternal grandfather of Queen Elizabeth I. ", "Henry VIII of England had several children . The best-known are the three legitimate children who survived Henry and succeeded him as monarchs of England successively , Edward VI , Mary I and Elizabeth I. His first two wives , Catherine of Aragon and Anne Boleyn , had several pregnancies that ended in stillbirth , miscarriage , or death in infancy . Henry acknowledged one illegitimate child , Henry FitzRoy , as his own , but is suspected to have fathered several illegitimate children by different mistresses . The number and identity of these is a matter of historical debate . There are many theories about whether Henry VIII had fertility difficulties . His last three wives , Anne of Cleves , Catherine Howard and Catherine Parr are not known to have conceived by him , although Parr conceived in her next marriage . ", "Anne Boleyn -LRB- -LSB- ˈbʊlɪn -RSB- , -LSB- bəˈlɪn -RSB- or -LSB- bʊˈlɪn -RSB- -RRB- -LRB- 1501 -- 19 May 1536 -RRB- was Queen of England from 1533 to 1536 as the second wife of King Henry VIII , and Marquess of Pembroke in her own right . Henry 's marriage to her , and her subsequent execution by beheading , made her a key figure in the political and religious upheaval that was the start of the English Reformation . Her daughter Elizabeth would later succeed Henry VIII as Elizabeth I , Queen of England and Ireland . Anne was the daughter of Thomas Boleyn , 1st Earl of Wiltshire , and his wife , Lady Elizabeth Howard , and was educated in the Netherlands and France , largely as a maid of honour to Claude of France . Anne returned to England in early 1522 , to marry her Irish cousin James Butler , 9th Earl of Ormond ; the marriage plans were broken up by Cardinal Wolsey , and instead she secured a post at court as maid of honour to Henry VIII 's wife , Catherine of Aragon . Early in 1523 Anne was secretly betrothed to Henry Percy , son of the 5th Earl of Northumberland , but the betrothal was broken by Cardinal Wolsey in January 1524 and Anne was sent back home to Hever Castle . In February/March 1526 , Henry VIII began his pursuit of Anne . She resisted his attempts to seduce her , refusing to become his mistress -- which her sister Mary had been . It soon became the one absorbing object of Henry 's desires to annul his marriage to Queen Catherine so he would be free to marry Anne . When it became clear that Pope Clement VII would not annul the marriage , the breaking of the power of the Catholic Church in England began . In 1532 , Henry granted Anne the Marquessate of Pembroke . Henry and Anne married on 25 January 1533 , after a secret marriage on 14 November 1532 . On 23 May 1533 , newly appointed Archbishop of Canterbury Thomas Cranmer declared Henry and Catherine 's marriage null and void ; five days later , he declared Henry and Anne 's marriage valid . Shortly afterwards , the Pope decreed sentences of excommunication against Henry and Cranmer . As a result of this marriage and these excommunications , the first break between the Church of England and Rome took place and the Church of England was brought under the King 's control . Anne was crowned Queen of England on 1 June 1533 . On 7 September , she gave birth to the future Queen Elizabeth I. Henry was disappointed to have a daughter rather than a son but hoped a son would follow and professed to love Elizabeth . Anne subsequently had three miscarriages , and by March 1536 , Henry was courting Jane Seymour . In order to marry Jane Seymour , Henry had to find reasons for his marriage with Anne to end . Henry had Anne investigated for high treason in April 1536 . On 2 May she was arrested and sent to the Tower of London , where she was tried before a jury of peers -- which included Henry Percy , her former betrothed , and her own uncle , Thomas Howard -- and found guilty on 15 May . She was beheaded four days later . Modern historians view the charges against her , which included adultery , incest , and plotting to kill the king , as unconvincing . Some say that Anne was accused of witchcraft but the indictments make no mention of this charge . After the coronation of her daughter , Elizabeth , as queen , Anne was venerated as a martyr and heroine of the English Reformation , particularly through the works of John Foxe . Over the centuries , she has inspired , or been mentioned , in many artistic and cultural works and thereby retained her hold on the popular imagination . She has been called `` the most influential and important queen consort England has ever had '' , for she provided the occasion for Henry VIII to annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragon and declare his independence from the Holy See . " ]

[ 1, 1, 2, 0, 1 ]

[ "Kate_Walsh_-LRB-actress-RRB-", "Wentworth_-LRB-season_5-RRB-", "The_X_Factor_-LRB-UK_TV_series-RRB-", "Kate_Patrick", "The_Americans_-LRB-season_3-RRB-" ]

[ "Kathleen Erin Walsh -LRB- born October 13 , 1967 -RRB- is an American actress and businesswoman . Her roles include Dr. Addison Montgomery on the ABC television dramas Grey 's Anatomy and Private Practice , Rebecca Wright on the short-lived NBC sitcom Bad Judge , and Olivia Baker on the Netflix drama series 13 Reasons Why . ", "The fifth season of the television drama series Wentworth premiered on Showcase in Australia on 4 April 2017 , having previously aired on SoHo . It was executive produced by FremantleMedia 's Director of Drama , Jo Porter . The season is set to comprise 12 episodes . The fifth season picks up just days after the stabbing to death of Bea Smith . ", "The X Factor is a British reality television music competition to find new singing talent . The contestants are aspiring singers drawn from public auditions . Created by Simon Cowell , the show began in 2004 and has since aired annually from August/September until December . The show is produced by FremantleMedia 's Thames -LRB- previously Talkback Thames -RRB- and Cowell 's production company Syco TV . It is broadcast on the ITV network in the UK and simulcast on TV3 in Ireland . `` X Factor '' refers to the undefinable `` something '' that makes for star quality . The series consists of auditions , bootcamp , judges ' houses , several weeks of live shows , semi-finals and the final . The series had a spin-off behind-the-scenes show called The Xtra Factor , which aired directly after the main show on ITV2 . This lasted from series 1 until series 13 when it was cancelled by ITV in January 2017 . The original judging panel consisted of Louis Walsh , Sharon Osbourne and Cowell . In 2005 Paula Abdul joined the show as a guest judge whilst Osbourne was away then joined the panel in 2006 for three sets of auditions . Brian Friedman replaced Walsh in series 4 , which also saw Dannii Minogue join the panel . Friedman left during the auditions and Walsh replaced Friedman . Cheryl Cole replaced Osbourne in series 5 . Gary Barlow , Kelly Rowland and Tulisa joined the panel in series 8 as replacements for Cowell , Minogue , and Cole . Rowland left before series 9 and was replaced by Nicole Scherzinger . Osbourne returned to the panel in series 10 , replacing Tulisa . Cowell and Cole -LRB- now Fernandez-Versini -RRB- returned to replace Barlow and Osbourne in series 11 , while Mel B replaced Scherzinger . In series 12 , Mel B and Walsh were replaced by Rita Ora and Nick Grimshaw . In series 13 , Walsh , Osbourne and Scherzinger returned , replacing Grimshaw , Fernandez-Versini and Ora . The first three series were presented by Kate Thornton , then from the fourth to 11th series , the show was presented by Dermot O'Leary , he then returned from the 13th series . In series 12 , the show was presented by Caroline Flack and Olly Murs . Also , in series 10 , Flack served as a backstage presenter during the Saturday night live shows . Roman Kemp will begin serving as the digital presenter of the show in series 13 . The show is split into different stages , following the contestants from auditions through to the final . In the original televised audition stage of the show , contestants sang in an audition room in front of just the judges , but from the sixth series onwards , auditionees sing on a stage in front of the judges and a live audience . In series 10 and 11 , both auditions formats were used . In series 12 , the room auditions were scrapped , leaving just the arena auditions . The room auditions were revived in series 13 , and no arena auditions followed . Successful auditionees go through to `` bootcamp '' and then to `` judges ' houses '' , where judges narrow down the acts in their category down to three or four acts to mentor for the live shows , where the public vote for their favourite acts following weekly live performances by the contestants . There have been 13 winners of the show to date : Steve Brookstein , Shayne Ward , Leona Lewis , Leon Jackson , Alexandra Burke , Joe McElderry , Matt Cardle , Little Mix , James Arthur , Sam Bailey , Ben Haenow , Louisa Johnson and Matt Terry . Winners receive a recording contract with record label Syco Music with a stated value of # 1 million . This includes a cash payment to the winner , but the majority is allocated to marketing and recording costs . From 2004 to 2010 , and again in 2013 and 2014 , the winning contestant 's single was released in time for the end-of-year chart battle for the UK 's Christmas number one , with all of them -LRB- bar McElderry in 2009 and Terry in 2016 -RRB- reaching the top spot . As of November 2016 , 41 number-one singles have been achieved by artists who have appeared on the show , such as Lewis , Burke , JLS , Olly Murs , Cher Lloyd , One Direction and Little Mix . The show is the originator of the international The X Factor franchise . A prominent show in British popular culture , The X Factor has proved hugely popular with the public . The sixth series attracted 200,000 auditionees and peaked at 19.7 million UK viewers -LRB- a 63.2 % audience share -RRB- . More than 10 million votes were cast in the sixth series final . ", "Kate Patrick is a fictional character from the British Channel 4 soap opera , Hollyoaks , played by Natasha Symms . She debuted on-screen during the episodes airing in 1997 . She departed in 2000 and returned for guest appearances in 2002 and 2003 . ", "The third season of the American television drama series The Americans , consisting of 13 episodes , premiered on FX on January 28 , 2015 , and concluded on April 22 , 2015 . The series was renewed for the third season on April 16 , 2014 . " ]

[ 0, 0, 2, 0, 0 ]

[ "Cyclades", "Rhythm_and_blues", "Cyclargus", "Cyphomandra", "The_Lunabelles" ]

[ "The Cyclades -LRB- -LSB- ˈsɪklədiːz -RSB- Κυκλάδες , -LSB- cikˈlaðes -RSB- -RRB- are an island group in the Aegean Sea , southeast of mainland Greece and a former administrative prefecture of Greece . They are one of the island groups which constitute the Aegean archipelago . The name refers to the islands around the sacred island of Delos . The largest island of the Cyclades is Naxos . ", "Rhythm and blues , often abbreviated as R&B or RnB , is a genre of popular African-American music that originated in the 1940s . The term was originally used by record companies to describe recordings marketed predominantly to urban African Americans , at a time when `` urbane , rocking , jazz based music with a heavy , insistent beat '' was becoming more popular . In the commercial rhythm and blues music typical of the 1950s through the 1970s , the bands usually consisted of piano , one or two guitars , bass , drums , saxophone , and sometimes background vocalists . R&B lyrical themes often encapsulate the African-American experience of pain and the quest for freedom and joy . The lyrics in this genre of music focus heavily on the themes of triumphs and failures in terms of relationships , freedom , economics , aspirations , and sex . The term rhythm and blues has undergone a number of shifts in meaning . In the early 1950s it was frequently applied to blues records . Starting in the mid-1950s , after this style of music contributed to the development of rock and roll , the term `` R&B '' became used to refer to music styles that developed from and incorporated electric blues , as well as gospel and soul music . In the 1960s , several British rock bands such as the Rolling Stones , The Who and The Animals were referred to and promoted as being RnB bands ; posters for The Who 's residency at the Marquee Club in 1964 contained the slogan , `` Maximum R&B '' . This tangent of RnB is now known as `` British rhythm and blues '' . By the 1970s , the term rhythm and blues changed again and was used as a blanket term for soul and funk . In the 1980s , a newer style of R&B developed , becoming known as `` Contemporary R&B '' . It combines elements of rhythm and blues , soul , funk , pop , hip hop and dance . Popular R&B vocalists at the end of the 20th century included Michael Jackson , R. Kelly , Stevie Wonder , Whitney Houston , and Mariah Carey . ", "Cyclargus is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae . It was split off from the genus Hemiargus in 1948 by Vladimir Nabokov , although many lepidopterists have not accepted the new genus as valid . Nabokov designated C. ammon -LRB- Lucas 's blue , from Cuba -RRB- as the type species for the genus , and included C. dominica -LRB- Jamaican blue , from Jamaica -RRB- , C. thomasi -LRB- Thomas 's blue , from Florida , the Bahamas , Puerto Rico and Hispaniola -RRB- , C. woodruffi -LRB- from the Virgin Islands -RRB- and C. erembis -LRB- from the Cayman Islands , synonym of C. ammon erembis -RRB- . In 1992 K. Johnston and Matusik described C. sorpresus and C. kathleena , both from Hispaniola . The critically endangered Miami blue -LRB- C. thomasi bethunebakeri -RRB- is a member of the genus . C. a. erembis was described originally as a full species , as opinion is at present divided as to whether or not this might be its status . ", "Cyphomandra was a genus in the flowering plant family Solanaceae -LRB- the nightshades and relative -RRB- . It used to contain about 35 species native to countries of the Americas from Mexico southwards to Northern Argentina . Recent authors have treated Cyphomandra as a clade within the genus Solanum rather than as a separate genus , uniting the members of the old genus with some other Solanum . This lineage is one among a group related to part of the traditional subgenus Leptostemonum . Thus , if is preferred to retain the taxon , Cyphomandra is probably best considered a section in Solanum subgenus Leptostemonum . Most grow as shrubs or small trees 2 or 3 metres in height . The best known species is the widely cultivated Tamarillo or tree tomato , but a number of the others are also cultivated as garden plants because of their attractive flowers or fruits . Several other species -LRB- e.g. S. cajanumense , S. circinatum , S. sibundoyense -RRB- also have fruits that are edible when ripe , and yet others are used as dyestuffs or in folk medicine where they are native . ", "The Lunabelles are an American country music group consisting of sisters Olivia Arciero -LRB- lead vocals , rhythm guitar -RRB- , Dominique Arciero -LRB- vocals , piano , mandolin -RRB- and Gabby Arciero -LRB- vocals , drums , percussion -RRB- . It formerly included Alex Kline -LRB- lead guitar , Dobro , mandolin , banjo -RRB- . In April 2011 , the group released its debut single `` A Place to Shine '' through BNA Records . Billy Dukes of Taste of Country rated the single 7 out of 10 , praising the instrumentation and personality . The song entered the country charts at number 58 for the chart dated June 18 , 2011 , and peaked at number 52 . The Lunabelles were dropped by their record label in May 2012 , leaving their debut album unreleased . " ]

[ 2, 2, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Cyclades", "Rhythm_and_blues", "Cyclargus", "Cyphomandra", "The_Lunabelles" ]

[ "The Cyclades -LRB- -LSB- ˈsɪklədiːz -RSB- Κυκλάδες , -LSB- cikˈlaðes -RSB- -RRB- are an island group in the Aegean Sea , southeast of mainland Greece and a former administrative prefecture of Greece . They are one of the island groups which constitute the Aegean archipelago . The name refers to the islands around the sacred island of Delos . The largest island of the Cyclades is Naxos . ", "Rhythm and blues , often abbreviated as R&B or RnB , is a genre of popular African-American music that originated in the 1940s . The term was originally used by record companies to describe recordings marketed predominantly to urban African Americans , at a time when `` urbane , rocking , jazz based music with a heavy , insistent beat '' was becoming more popular . In the commercial rhythm and blues music typical of the 1950s through the 1970s , the bands usually consisted of piano , one or two guitars , bass , drums , saxophone , and sometimes background vocalists . R&B lyrical themes often encapsulate the African-American experience of pain and the quest for freedom and joy . The lyrics in this genre of music focus heavily on the themes of triumphs and failures in terms of relationships , freedom , economics , aspirations , and sex . The term rhythm and blues has undergone a number of shifts in meaning . In the early 1950s it was frequently applied to blues records . Starting in the mid-1950s , after this style of music contributed to the development of rock and roll , the term `` R&B '' became used to refer to music styles that developed from and incorporated electric blues , as well as gospel and soul music . In the 1960s , several British rock bands such as the Rolling Stones , The Who and The Animals were referred to and promoted as being RnB bands ; posters for The Who 's residency at the Marquee Club in 1964 contained the slogan , `` Maximum R&B '' . This tangent of RnB is now known as `` British rhythm and blues '' . By the 1970s , the term rhythm and blues changed again and was used as a blanket term for soul and funk . In the 1980s , a newer style of R&B developed , becoming known as `` Contemporary R&B '' . It combines elements of rhythm and blues , soul , funk , pop , hip hop and dance . Popular R&B vocalists at the end of the 20th century included Michael Jackson , R. Kelly , Stevie Wonder , Whitney Houston , and Mariah Carey . ", "Cyclargus is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae . It was split off from the genus Hemiargus in 1948 by Vladimir Nabokov , although many lepidopterists have not accepted the new genus as valid . Nabokov designated C. ammon -LRB- Lucas 's blue , from Cuba -RRB- as the type species for the genus , and included C. dominica -LRB- Jamaican blue , from Jamaica -RRB- , C. thomasi -LRB- Thomas 's blue , from Florida , the Bahamas , Puerto Rico and Hispaniola -RRB- , C. woodruffi -LRB- from the Virgin Islands -RRB- and C. erembis -LRB- from the Cayman Islands , synonym of C. ammon erembis -RRB- . In 1992 K. Johnston and Matusik described C. sorpresus and C. kathleena , both from Hispaniola . The critically endangered Miami blue -LRB- C. thomasi bethunebakeri -RRB- is a member of the genus . C. a. erembis was described originally as a full species , as opinion is at present divided as to whether or not this might be its status . ", "Cyphomandra was a genus in the flowering plant family Solanaceae -LRB- the nightshades and relative -RRB- . It used to contain about 35 species native to countries of the Americas from Mexico southwards to Northern Argentina . Recent authors have treated Cyphomandra as a clade within the genus Solanum rather than as a separate genus , uniting the members of the old genus with some other Solanum . This lineage is one among a group related to part of the traditional subgenus Leptostemonum . Thus , if is preferred to retain the taxon , Cyphomandra is probably best considered a section in Solanum subgenus Leptostemonum . Most grow as shrubs or small trees 2 or 3 metres in height . The best known species is the widely cultivated Tamarillo or tree tomato , but a number of the others are also cultivated as garden plants because of their attractive flowers or fruits . Several other species -LRB- e.g. S. cajanumense , S. circinatum , S. sibundoyense -RRB- also have fruits that are edible when ripe , and yet others are used as dyestuffs or in folk medicine where they are native . ", "The Lunabelles are an American country music group consisting of sisters Olivia Arciero -LRB- lead vocals , rhythm guitar -RRB- , Dominique Arciero -LRB- vocals , piano , mandolin -RRB- and Gabby Arciero -LRB- vocals , drums , percussion -RRB- . It formerly included Alex Kline -LRB- lead guitar , Dobro , mandolin , banjo -RRB- . In April 2011 , the group released its debut single `` A Place to Shine '' through BNA Records . Billy Dukes of Taste of Country rated the single 7 out of 10 , praising the instrumentation and personality . The song entered the country charts at number 58 for the chart dated June 18 , 2011 , and peaked at number 52 . The Lunabelles were dropped by their record label in May 2012 , leaving their debut album unreleased . " ]

[ 2, 2, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Gary_Ross", "The_Hunger_Games_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Francis_Lawrence", "The_Hunger_Games_-LRB-film_series-RRB-", "The_Hunger_Games_-LRB-novel-RRB-" ]

[ "Gary Ross -LRB- born November 3 , 1956 -RRB- is an American film director , writer , and author . He directed the film The Hunger Games , as well as Pleasantville and the Best Picture nominated Seabiscuit . ", "The Hunger Games is a 2012 American dystopian science fiction adventure film directed by Gary Ross and based on the novel of the same name by Suzanne Collins . It is the first installment in The Hunger Games film series and was produced by Nina Jacobson and Jon Kilik , with a screenplay by Ross , Collins , and Billy Ray . The film stars Jennifer Lawrence , Josh Hutcherson , Liam Hemsworth , Woody Harrelson , Elizabeth Banks , Lenny Kravitz , Stanley Tucci , and Donald Sutherland . The story takes place in a dystopian post-apocalyptic future in the nation of Panem , where boys and girls between the ages of 12 and 18 must take part in the Hunger Games , a televised annual event in which the `` tributes '' are required to fight to the death until there is only one survivor . Katniss Everdeen -LRB- Lawrence -RRB- volunteers to take her younger sister 's place . Joined by her district 's male tribute , Peeta Mellark -LRB- Hutcherson -RRB- , Katniss travels to the Capitol to train for the Hunger Games under the guidance of former victor Haymitch Abernathy -LRB- Harrelson -RRB- . Development of The Hunger Games began in March 2009 when Lions Gate Entertainment entered into a co-production agreement with Color Force , which had acquired the rights a few weeks earlier . Collins collaborated with Ray and Ross to write the screenplay . The screenplay expanded the character of Seneca Crane to allow several developments to be shown directly to the audience and Ross added several scenes between Crane and Coriolanus Snow . The main characters were cast between March and May 2011 . Principal photography began in May 2011 and ended in September 2011 , with filming taking place in North Carolina . The Hunger Games was shot entirely on film as opposed to digital . The film was released on March 21 , 2012 , in some European countries and in the US on March 23 , 2012 , in both conventional theaters and digital IMAX theaters . Japan received it last , on September 28 . When the film released , it set records for opening day -LRB- $ 67.3 million -RRB- and opening weekend for a non-sequel . At the time of its release , the film 's opening weekend gross -LRB- $ 152.5 million -RRB- was the third-largest of any movie in North America . It is the first film since Avatar to remain in first place at the North American box office for four consecutive weekends . The film was a massive box-office success by grossing over $ 694 million worldwide against its budget of $ 78 million , making it the third-highest-grossing film in the United States and ninth-highest-grossing worldwide of 2012 . It was released on DVD and Blu-ray Disc on August 18 , 2012 . With 7,434,058 units sold , the DVD was the best-selling DVD of 2012 . A sequel , The Hunger Games : Catching Fire , was released on November 22 , 2013 , in the United States . The Hunger Games received positive reviews from critics , with praise for its themes and messages , as well as Jennifer Lawrence 's portrayal of Katniss , though there was criticism of the film 's use of shaky cam in the action sequences . Like the novel , the film has been noted for its similarities to other works , such as Robert Sheckley 's short story `` Seventh Victim '' and its Italian film adaptation The 10th Victim , the Japanese novel Battle Royale and its film adaptation , and the Shirley Jackson short story `` The Lottery '' , with some criticizing The Hunger Games for being derivative of such works . Collins stated in an interview that her novel and screenplay drew on sources of inspiration such as the myth of Theseus , Roman gladiatorial games , reality television , and the desensitization of viewers to media coverage of real-life tragedy and war , not to think as just an audience member , `` Because those are real people on the screen , and they 're not going away when the commercials start to roll . '' The song `` Safe & Sound '' won a Grammy Award and was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song . For her performance , Lawrence won the Saturn Award for Best Actress , the Broadcast Film Critics Association Award for Best Actress in an Action Movie , the Empire Award for Best Actress and was also nominated for the New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actress . ", "Francis Lawrence -LRB- born March 26 , 1971 -RRB- is an American filmmaker and producer , who has worked on films , television shows , and music videos . He is best known for directing three of the four films in the Hunger Games film series . ", "The Hunger Games film series consists of four science fiction dystopian adventure films based on The Hunger Games trilogy of novels , by the American author Suzanne Collins . Distributed by Lionsgate and produced by Nina Jacobson and Jon Kilik , it stars Jennifer Lawrence as Katniss Everdeen , Josh Hutcherson as Peeta Mellark , Woody Harrelson as Haymitch Abernathy , Elizabeth Banks as Effie Trinket , Philip Seymour Hoffman as Plutarch Heavensbee , Stanley Tucci as Caesar Flickerman , Donald Sutherland as President Snow and Liam Hemsworth as Gale Hawthorne . Gary Ross directed the first film , while Francis Lawrence directed the next three films . The first three films set records at the box office . The Hunger Games -LRB- 2012 -RRB- set records for the opening day and the biggest opening weekend for a non-sequel film . The Hunger Games : Catching Fire -LRB- 2013 -RRB- set the record for biggest opening weekend in the month of November . The Hunger Games : Mockingjay -- Part 1 -LRB- 2014 -RRB- had the largest opening day and weekend of 2014 . The films , including The Hunger Games : Mockingjay -- Part 2 -LRB- 2015 -RRB- , received a positive reception from critics , with praise aimed at its themes and messages , as well as Jennifer Lawrence 's portrayal of the main protagonist , Katniss Everdeen . The Hunger Games is the 16th highest-grossing film franchise of all time , having grossed over US$ 2.9 billion worldwide . ", "The Hunger Games is a 2008 dystopian novel by the American writer Suzanne Collins . It is written in the voice of 16-year-old Katniss Everdeen , who lives in the future , post-apocalyptic nation of Panem in North America . The Capitol , a highly advanced metropolis , exercises political control over the rest of the nation . The Hunger Games is an annual event in which one boy and one girl aged 12 -- 18 from each of the twelve districts surrounding the Capitol are selected by lottery to compete in a televised battle to the death . The book received mostly positive responses from major reviewers and authors . It was praised for its plot and character development . In writing The Hunger Games , Collins drew upon Greek mythology , Roman gladiatorial games , and contemporary reality television for thematic content . The novel won many awards , including the California Young Reader Medal , and was named one of Publishers Weeklys `` Best Books of the Year '' in 2008 . The Hunger Games was first published in hardcover on September 14 , 2008 , by Scholastic , featuring a cover designed by Tim O'Brien . It has since been released in paperback and also as an audiobook and ebook . After an initial print of 200,000 , the book had sold 800,000 copies by February 2010 . Since its release , The Hunger Games has been translated into 26 languages , and publishing rights have been sold in 38 territories . The novel is the first in The Hunger Games trilogy , followed by Catching Fire -LRB- 2009 -RRB- and Mockingjay -LRB- 2010 -RRB- . A film adaptation , directed by Gary Ross and co-written and co-produced by Collins herself , was released in 2012 . " ]

[ 1, 0, 1, 0, 2 ]

[ "A._P._J._Abdul_Kalam", "Indian_vice-presidential_election,_2007", "President_of_India", "List_of_Presidents_of_India", "Nitish_Chandra_Laharry" ]

[ "Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam better known as A.P.J. Abdul Kalam -LSB- ˈæbdʊl_kəˈlɑːm -RSB- -LRB- 15 October 1931 -- 27 July 2015 -RRB- was the 11th President of India from 2002 to 2007 . A career scientist turned statesman , Kalam was born and raised in Rameswaram , Tamil Nadu , and studied physics and aerospace engineering . He spent the next four decades as a scientist and science administrator , mainly at the Defence Research and Development Organisation -LRB- DRDO -RRB- and Indian Space Research Organisation -LRB- ISRO -RRB- and was intimately involved in India 's civilian space programme and military missile development efforts . He thus came to be known as the Missile Man of India for his work on the development of ballistic missile and launch vehicle technology . He also played a pivotal organisational , technical , and political role in India 's Pokhran-II nuclear tests in 1998 , the first since the original nuclear test by India in 1974 . Kalam was elected as the 11th President of India in 2002 with the support of both the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party and the then-opposition Indian National Congress . Widely referred to as the `` People 's President , '' he returned to his civilian life of education , writing and public service after a single term . He was a recipient of several prestigious awards , including the Bharat Ratna , India 's highest civilian honour . While delivering a lecture at the Indian Institute of Management Shillong , Kalam collapsed and died from an apparent cardiac arrest on 27 July 2015 , aged 83 . Thousands including national-level dignitaries attended the funeral ceremony held in his hometown of Rameshwaram , where he was buried with full state honours . ", "The Indian vice presidential election , 2007 was held in 2007 to elect Vice President of India . Hamid Ansari was elected for the post . ", "The President of the Republic of India is the Head of State of India and the Commander-in-chief of the Indian Armed Forces . The President is indirectly elected by the people through elected members of both the houses of the Parliament of India , the Legislative Assemblies of all the states of India and the Legislative Assembly of the Union Territory of Puducherry , as well as , the Legislative Assembly of the National Capital Territory of Delhi and serves for a renewable term of five years . The oath of the President is taken in the presence of the Chief Justice of India , and in his/her absence , by the most senior judge of the Supreme Court of India . Although the Article 53 of the Constitution of India states that the President can exercise his powers directly or by subordinate authority , with few exceptions , all of the executive authority vested in the President are , in practice , exercised by the Prime Minister with the help of the Council of Ministers . The President resides in an estate known as the Rashtrapati Bhavan -LRB- which roughly translates as President 's House -RRB- situated in Raisina Hill in New Delhi . The presidential retreats are The Retreat in Chharabra , Shimla and Rashtrapati Nilayam -LRB- President 's Place -RRB- in Hyderabad . The 13th and current President is Pranab Mukherjee , who was elected on 22 July 2012 , and sworn in on 25 July 2012 . He is also the first Bengali to be elected as President . ", "The President of India is the head of state and first citizen of India . The President is also the Commander-in-Chief of the Indian Armed Forces . Although the president is vested such powers by the Constitution of India , the position is largely a ceremonial role and the executive powers are de facto exercised by the Prime Minister . The post of President is known in Hindi as Rashtrapati , a Sanskrit neologism meaning `` lord of the realm '' . The President is elected by the Electoral College composed of elected members of the parliament houses , the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha , and also members of the Vidhan Sabha , the state legislative assemblies . There have been 13 presidents of India since the introduction of the post in 1950 . The post was established when India was declared as a republic with the adoption of the Indian constitution . Apart from these thirteen , three acting presidents have also been in office for short periods of time . Varahagiri Venkata Giri became Acting President of India in 1969 following the death of Zakir Hussain , who died in office . Giri was elected President a few months later . He remains the only person to have held office both as a president and acting president . The President may remain in office for a tenure of five years , as stated by article 56 , part V , of the constitution of India . In the case where a president 's term of office is terminated early or during the absence of the president , the vice president assumes office . By article 70 of part V , the parliament may decide how to discharge the functions of the president where this is not possible , or in any other unexpected contingency . Rajendra Prasad , the first President of India , is the only person to have held office for two terms . Seven presidents have been members of a political party before being elected . Six of these were active party members of the Indian National Congress . The Janata Party has had one member , Neelam Sanjiva Reddy , who later became president . Two presidents , Zakir Hussain and Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed , have died in office . Their vice-presidents functioned as acting president until a new president was elected . Following Zakir Hussain 's death , two acting presidents held office until the new president , Varahagiri Venkata Giri , was elected . Varahagiri Venkata Giri himself , Zakir Hussain 's vice president , was the first acting president . When Giri resigned to take part in the presidential elections , he was succeeded by Muhammad Hidayatullah as acting president . The current President is Pranab Mukherjee elected on 25 July 2012 . Mukherjee held various posts in the cabinet ministry for the Government of India such as Finance Minister , Foreign Minister , Defence Minister and Deputy Chairman of the Planning Commission . He originally comes from West Bengal and is also the first Bengali to hold the post of the President . The ex - president , Pratibha Patil , who was in office till 25 July 2012 , was elected as the 12th President of India in 2007 . She is also the first woman to serve as President of India . ", "Nitish Chandra Laharry -LRB- 1892 -- 1964 -RRB- was an Indian lawyer , social worker and film producer from Kolkata . He was the first person of Asian origin to be elected as the president of Rotary International and was the producer of the first motion picture of Bengal . It was during his presidency that Rotary International started its Youth wing , Interact Club . The Government of India awarded him the third highest civilian honour of the Padma Bhushan , in 1963 , for his contributions to society . " ]

[ 2, 0, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Elizabeth_I_of_England", "Elizabeth_of_York", "Elizabeth_Alexeievna_-LRB-Louise_of_Baden-RRB-", "Grand_Duchess_Anastasia_Mikhailovna_of_Russia", "Clare_Imrie" ]

[ "Elizabeth I -LRB- 7 September 1533 -- 24 March 1603 -RRB- was Queen of England and Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death . Sometimes called The Virgin Queen , Gloriana or Good Queen Bess , the childless Elizabeth was the last monarch of the Tudor dynasty . Elizabeth was the daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn , his second wife , who was executed two-and-a-half years after Elizabeth 's birth . Anne 's marriage to Henry VIII was annulled , and Elizabeth was declared illegitimate . Her half-brother , Edward VI , ruled until his death in 1553 , bequeathing the crown to Lady Jane Grey and ignoring the claims of his two half-sisters , Elizabeth and the Roman Catholic Mary , in spite of statute law to the contrary . Edward 's will was set aside and Mary became queen , deposing Lady Jane Grey . During Mary 's reign , Elizabeth was imprisoned for nearly a year on suspicion of supporting Protestant rebels . In 1558 , Elizabeth succeeded her half-sister to the throne and set out to rule by good counsel . She depended heavily on a group of trusted advisers , led by William Cecil , 1st Baron Burghley . One of her first actions as queen was the establishment of an English Protestant church , of which she became the Supreme Governor . This Elizabethan Religious Settlement was to evolve into the Church of England . It was expected that Elizabeth would marry and produce an heir to continue the Tudor line . She never did , despite numerous courtships . As she grew older , Elizabeth became famous for her virginity . A cult grew around her which was celebrated in the portraits , pageants , and literature of the day . In government , Elizabeth was more moderate than her father and half-siblings had been . One of her mottoes was `` video et taceo '' -LRB- `` I see but say nothing '' -RRB- . In religion , she was relatively tolerant and avoided systematic persecution . After the pope declared her illegitimate in 1570 and released her subjects from obedience to her , several conspiracies threatened her life , all of which were defeated with the help of her ministers ' secret service . Elizabeth was cautious in foreign affairs , manoeuvring between the major powers of France and Spain . She only half-heartedly supported a number of ineffective , poorly resourced military campaigns in the Netherlands , France , and Ireland . By the mid-1580s , England could no longer avoid war with Spain . England 's defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588 associated Elizabeth with one of the greatest military victories in English history . Elizabeth 's reign is known as the Elizabethan era . The period is famous for the flourishing of English drama , led by playwrights such as William Shakespeare and Christopher Marlowe , and for the seafaring prowess of English adventurers such as Francis Drake . Some historians depict Elizabeth as a short-tempered , sometimes indecisive ruler , who enjoyed more than her share of luck . Towards the end of her reign , a series of economic and military problems weakened her popularity . Elizabeth is acknowledged as a charismatic performer and a dogged survivor in an era when government was ramshackle and limited , and when monarchs in neighbouring countries faced internal problems that jeopardised their thrones . Such was the case with Elizabeth 's rival , Mary , Queen of Scots , whom she imprisoned in 1568 and had executed in 1587 . After the short reigns of Elizabeth 's half-siblings , her 44 years on the throne provided welcome stability for the kingdom and helped forge a sense of national identity . ", "Elizabeth of York -LRB- 11 February 1466 -- 11 February 1503 -RRB- was queen consort of England from 1486 until her death . As the wife of Henry VII , she was the first Tudor queen . She was the daughter of Edward IV and niece of Richard III , and she married the king following Henry 's victory at the Battle of Bosworth which started the last phase of the Wars of the Roses . She was the mother of King Henry VIII . Therefore , she was the daughter , sister , niece , wife , mother and grandmother of successive Kings of England . The period of Henry VI 's readaption from October 1470 until April 1471 and the period between her father 's death in 1483 , when she was 17 , and the making of peace between her mother and her uncle Richard were violent and anxious interludes in what was mostly a peaceful life . Her two brothers disappeared , the `` Princes in the Tower '' , their fate unknown . She was welcomed back to court by her Uncle Richard III , along with all of her sisters . As a Yorkist princess , the final victory of the Lancastrian faction in the War of the Roses may have seemed a further disaster , but Henry Tudor knew the importance of Yorkist support for his invasion and promised to marry her before he arrived in England ; this was an important move , which , however , failed to bring him the desired Yorkist support . Her marriage seems to have been successful , though her eldest son Arthur , Prince of Wales , died at age 15 in 1502 , and three other children died young . She seems to have played little part in politics . Her surviving children became a King of England and queens of France and Scotland ; it is through the Scottish Stuart dynasty that her many modern royal descendants trace their descent from her . ", "Louise of Baden -LRB- 13/24 January 1779 -- 4 May/16 May 1826 -RRB- was , as Elizabeth Alexeievna , Empress of Russia during her marriage with Emperor Alexander I. Born Princess Louise of Baden , she was a daughter of Charles Louis , Hereditary Prince of Baden , and his wife , Landgravine Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt . She grew up in a close , warm family environment in Karlsruhe during the long reign of her grandfather Charles Frederick , Margrave of Baden . Princess Louise came to Russia in November 1792 , when she was chosen by Empress Catherine II of Russia as a bride for her eldest grandson , Grand Duke Alexander Pavlovich of Russia , the future Tsar Alexander I. Louise converted to the Orthodox Church , took the title of Grand Duchess of Russia and traded the name Louise Maria for Elizabeth Alexeievna . She married Alexander on 28 September 1793 , when he was fifteen and she was fourteen . Initially the marriage was happy . Elizabeth was beautiful , but shy and withdrawn . She had two daughters , but both died in early childhood . During the reign of her father-in-law , Tsar Paul I , Elizabeth supported her husband 's policies and she was with him on the night of Paul 's assassination . As empress consort , Elizabeth Alexeievna took part in Court life and the duties of representation , but the role of first lady in the Empire was reserved for her mother-in-law , Maria Feodorovna , who played a more prominent position than the young empress . For almost two decades , Alexander I and Elizabeth lived in harmony , but led separate lives , with both having affairs . She was neither popular in Russia nor much loved by her Romanov relations . Elizabeth Alexeievna did not play any major political role , but during the Napoleonic Wars , she was a reliable supporter of her husband 's policies . She joined her husband at the Congress of Vienna in 1814 . After many years living apart , Elizabeth and Alexander I reconciled in the early 1820s . By 1824 , they were once again the happy couple of their youth . As Elizabeth 's health was fragile , they moved to Taganrog , where Emperor Alexander died in December 1825 . Empress Elizabeth died on her return journey to the capital , five months after her husband 's death . ", "Grand Duchess Anastasia Mikhailovna of Russia -LRB- Анастасия Михайловна 28 July 1860 -- 11 March 1922 -RRB- was a daughter of Grand Duke Michael Nicolaievich of Russia and a granddaughter of Tsar Nicholas I of Russia . She was raised in the Caucasus , where she lived between 1862 and 1878 with her family . In 1879 she married Friedrich Franz III of Mecklenburg-Schwerin , who in 1883 became the reigning Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin . The couple had three children , but her husband was plagued by ill health and they spent most of the year living abroad . The Grand Duchess never became used to her new country where she was unpopular . After the death of her husband in 1897 , her visits to Schwerin were sparse . A strong-willed , independent and unconventional woman , she caused a royal scandal when in 1902 she had a child fathered by her personal secretary . In her widowhood , she lived most of the year in the South of France . During World War I , she decided to settle in neutral Switzerland , living in Lausanne . She died after a stroke a few years later . ", "Amy Elizabeth Imrie -LRB- 4 Oct 1870 -- 4 Apr 1944 -RRB- , Born Pollard , was a British heiress and one of the wealthiest women in Britain who , at the age of 37 , became a Roman Catholic nun , Sister Mary Clare and , subsequently , Mother Superior of the Order of Poor Clares . Born as Amy Elizabeth Rosalie Pollard in British Guiana to William Branch Pollard and his first wife , Elizabeth Anne -LRB- née Blackley -RRB- . After the death of her mother , at aged 1 , she went to live with her mother 's sister Hannah and her husband William Imrie . She was later adopted by Hannah and William . William Imrie was co-owner of White Star Line shipping , and Amy was the sole heir to his fortune upon his death in 1906 , receiving income from his estate during her life . The following year she became Sister Mary Clare of the Order of Poor Clares , eventually leading the convent as Mother Clare . In 1910 she funded the building and interior decorating of St Mary of the Angels Roman Catholic Church in Liverpool , which is known as `` the Vatican outside of Rome '' , because of the splendid artistry displayed in its interior . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Wedding_of_Charles,_Prince_of_Wales,_and_Lady_Diana_Spencer", "Sapphire_Jubilee_of_Queen_Elizabeth_II", "Ruth_Roche,_Baroness_Fermoy", "Prince_Andrew,_Duke_of_York", "Marie_Adélaïde_of_Savoy" ]

[ "The wedding of Charles , Prince of Wales , and Lady Diana Spencer took place on Wednesday 29 July 1981 at St Paul 's Cathedral , London , United Kingdom . The ceremony was a traditional Church of England wedding service . Notable figures in attendance included many members of royal families from across the world , republican heads of state , and members of the bride 's and groom 's families . Their marriage was widely billed as a `` fairytale wedding '' and the `` wedding of the century '' . It was watched by an estimated global TV audience of 750 million . The United Kingdom had a national holiday on that day to mark the wedding . The couple separated in 1992 and divorced in 1996 . ", "On 6 February 2017 , the Sapphire Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II , marking sixty-five years of her reign , occurred . The longest-reigning monarch in British history , Queen Elizabeth II was the first British monarch to have a sapphire jubilee . This Jubilee featured blue stamps from the Royal Mail , commemorative coins from the Royal Mint , and a reissue of an official 2014 portrait of Queen Elizabeth II by David Bailey . In this official portrait the Queen wears sapphire jewellery which she received as a wedding present from her father . The Jubilee also involved a gun salute at the Tower of London , a gun salute in Green Park , gun salutes in several other places around the United Kingdom , and the ringing of the bells in Westminster Abbey . Theresa May , then the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom , congratulated Queen Elizabeth II in regard to the occasion , saying in part , `` I know the nation will join with me today in celebrating and giving thanks for the lifetime of service Her Majesty the Queen has given to our country and to the Commonwealth . '' ", "Ruth Sylvia Roche , Baroness Fermoy -LRB- née Gill ; 2 October 1908 -- 6 July 1993 -RRB- was a friend and confidante of Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother and the maternal grandmother of Diana , Princess of Wales . Lady Fermoy was born Ruth Sylvia Gill on 2 October 1908 at her father 's house , Dalhebity , Bieldside , Aberdeenshire , the daughter of Colonel William Smith Gill and his wife Ruth -LRB- née Littlejohn -RRB- . She showed early promise as a pianist and studied under Alfred Cortot at the Paris Conservatoire in the 1920s . Her musical career was cut short when she met , and later married in 1931 , the wealthy and much older Maurice Roche , 4th Baron Fermoy . Lord and Lady Fermoy had three children , including her younger daughter , Frances , who would become the mother of Diana . Lady Fermoy did play the piano in public occasionally after her marriage , most notably with Josef Krips at the Royal Albert Hall in 1950 , and with Sir John Barbirolli and the Hallé Orchestra at King 's Lynn in 1966 . She founded the King 's Lynn Festival in 1951 and remained closely involved with the Festival for 25 years , persuading Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother to become its patron . In 1956 , the Queen Mother appointed Lady Fermoy an Extra Woman of the Bedchamber . The Queen Mother , being a widow herself , showed a preference for appointing widows to her household , and four years later Lady Fermoy was promoted to Woman of the Bedchamber , a post she held for the next 33 years . Lady Fermoy was a firm believer in the sanctity of marriage . In 1969 , her daughter Frances and John Spencer , Viscount Althorp , divorced after Frances left her husband for Peter Shand Kydd . Lady Fermoy testified against her daughter , which allowed Lord Spencer to retain custody of Diana . The Queen Mother and Lady Fermoy became confidantes , and it was assumed by many that the two women engineered the match between their grandchildren , the Prince of Wales and Lady Diana Spencer . However , when asked about it , Lady Fermoy remarked : `` You can say that if you like -- but it simply would n't be true '' . She was also said to have counselled her granddaughter against the marriage , saying : `` Darling , you must understand that their sense of humour and their lifestyle are different , and I do n't think it will suit you . '' Lady Fermoy died at her home at 36 Eaton Square , London , on 6 July 1993 , aged 84 . It was reported that she was not on speaking terms with Diana when she died . Lady Fermoy 's great-grandmother , Kitty Forbes , was the daughter of Scotsman Theodore Forbes and Indian-Armenian Eliza Kewark . Eliza 's father , Hakob Kevork or Kevorkian , was Armenian ; her Indian mother was likely to have been Muslim . ", "Prince Andrew , Duke of York , -LRB- Andrew Albert Christian Edward , born 19 February 1960 -RRB- , is the second son and third child of Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip , Duke of Edinburgh . At the time of his birth , he was second in the line of succession to succeed his mother ; as of 2017 he is sixth in line . He holds the rank of commander and the honorary rank of vice admiral -LRB- as of February 2015 -RRB- in the Royal Navy , in which he served as an active duty helicopter pilot and instructor and as the captain of a warship . He saw active service during the Falklands War , flying on multiple missions including anti-surface warfare , Exocet missile decoy , and casualty evacuation . In 1986 , Prince Andrew married Sarah Ferguson ; the couple 's marriage , subsequent separation and eventual divorce in 1996 attracted a high level of media coverage . As well as carrying out various official engagements , he served as Britain 's Special Representative for International Trade and Investment until July 2011 . ", "Princess Marie Adélaïde of Savoy -LRB- 6 December 1685 -- 12 February 1712 -RRB- was the wife of Louis , Dauphin of France , Duke of Burgundy . She was the eldest daughter of Duke Victor Amadeus II of Savoy and of Anne Marie d'Orléans . Her betrothal to the Duke of Burgundy in June 1696 was part of the Treaty of Turin , signed on 29 August 1696 . She was the mother of the future King Louis XV of France . Styled as Duchess of Burgundy after her marriage , she became dauphine of France upon the death of her father-in-law , Le Grand Dauphin , in 1711 . She died of measles in 1712 , followed by her husband a week later . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Prince_Valiant_-LRB-1997_film-RRB-", "Stephen_Moyer", "The_Little_Prince_-LRB-2015_film-RRB-", "Tobruk_-LRB-2008_film-RRB-", "Simon_Coates_-LRB-actor-RRB-" ]

[ "Prince Valiant is a 1997 Irish-British independent sword and sorcery film directed by Anthony Hickox , written by Michael Frost Beckner , and starring Stephen Moyer , Katherine Heigl , Thomas Kretschmann , Joanna Lumley , Ron Perlman , and Edward Fox . It is a loose adaptation of the long-running Prince Valiant comic strip of Hal Foster , some panels of which were used in the movie . In it , Valiant must battle the Vikings and a scheming sorceress to save the kingdom . ", "Stephen Moyer -LRB- born Stephen John Emery ; 11 October 1969 -RRB- is an English film and television actor and director who is best known as vampire Bill Compton in the HBO series True Blood . Moyer 's first television role was in 1993 as Philip Masefield in the TV adaptation of the play Conjugal Rites , written by actor/playwright Roger Hall . This was followed by the television film Lord of Misrule , filmed in Fowey , Cornwall , which also featured Richard Wilson , Emily Mortimer and Prunella Scales . In 1997 , Moyer made his big-screen debut landing the lead role in the film adaptation of the long-running comic strip Prince Valiant by Hal Foster , working alongside Ron Perlman and Katherine Heigl . ", "The Little Prince is a 2015 English-language French-Italian 3D animated fantasy adventure family drama film directed by Mark Osborne and based on the 1943 novel of the same name by Antoine de Saint-Exupéry . It is the first adaptation as a full-length animated feature of The Little Prince . The film relates the story of the book using stop motion animation which is woven into a computer animated framing narrative about a young girl who has just met the book 's now-elderly aviator narrator who tells her the story of his meeting with the Little Prince in the Sahara Desert . The film stars the voices of Jeff Bridges , Rachel McAdams , Paul Rudd , Bud Cort , Marion Cotillard , Benicio del Toro , James Franco , Ricky Gervais , Paul Giamatti , Riley Osborne , Albert Brooks and Mackenzie Foy . It was produced by Dimitri Rassam , Aton Soumache and Alexis Vonarb , and written by Irena Brignull and Bob Persichetti with music by Hans Zimmer and Richard Harvey . The film premiered on 22 May 2015 at the 68th Cannes Film Festival in an out-of-competition screening , followed by a wide release in France on 29 July by Paramount Pictures . The US theatrical release was set for a release date of 18 March 2016 in RealD 3D , but was dropped mysteriously . Netflix later acquired the US distribution rights and released it on 5 August 2016 . The film has received positive reviews , earning praise for its style of animation and homage paid to the source material and earned $ 97.6 million on a $ 77.5 million budget , becoming the most successful French animated film abroad of all time . ", "Tobruk is a 2008 film written and directed by Václav Marhoul and starring Jan Meduna and Petr Vanek . It is an adaptation of the classic American Civil War novel The Red Badge of Courage by Stephen Crane , but transfers the action to North Africa during World War II . ", "Simon Coates is a British actor who has worked extensively with the National Theatre and the Royal Shakespeare Company , with whom he has appeared throughout the world , working with directors such as Sir Richard Eyre , Robert Lepage , Howard Davies , William Gaskill , Sir David Hare , Declan Donnellan , Tim Supple , Sir Tom Stoppard , David Farr , Lyndsay Posner , Sean Holmes , Rachel Kavanaugh , Gemma Bodinetz , Katie Mitchell , Phyllida Lloyd , Jonathan Munby , Thea Sharrock , Sir Trevor Nunn , Robert Icke , Simon Godwin , James Dacre and Rupert Goold . He has appeared in many celebrated productions including Robert Lepage 's A Midsummer Night 's Dream , Tim Supple 's The Comedy of Errors , David Farr 's Coriolanus , Robert Icke 's ' 1984 ' and Declan Donnellan 's As You Like It , for which he received an Olivier award nomination for Best Supporting Actor and a New York Drama Desk Award nomination for Outstanding Featured Actor . Among the theatres he has performed at are The National Theatre , Royal Shakespeare Company , Almeida , Shakespeare 's Globe , Donmar Warehouse , Old Vic , Young Vic , Liverpool Playhouse , Liverpool Everyman , Birmingham Rep , Sheffield Crucible , Bristol Old Vic , Hampstead Theatre , Chichester Festival , Headlong Theatre , Kingston Rose , and the Dublin Gate Theatre . On television he has appeared in ' A Touch of Frost ' , ` Eastenders ' , ` The Bill ' , ` Dream Team ' , ` Doctors ' , ` The Amazing Mrs Pritchard ' and ` Holby City ' . Among the roles he has played are King Philip in ` King John ' , Dr. Yealland in ` Regeneration ' , Parsons in ' 1984 ' , Bishop of Ely in ` Richard III ' , Norman Tate in ` Donkeys Years ' , Philinte in ` The Misanthrope ' , Sir Epicure Mammon in ` The Alchemist ' , Friar Lawrence in ` Romeo and Juliet ' , Cleante in ` Tartuffe ' , Sir Andrew Charleson in ` Plenty ' , Colonel Hennings in ` The Prince of Homburg ' , Captain Anson in ` Arthur and George ' , Beralde in ` The Hypochondriac ' , Max in ` The Real Thing ' , Major Charles Ingram in ` Life After Scandal ' , John Middleton in ` The Constant Wife ' , Lockwood in ` Wuthering Heights ' , Captain Lancey in ` Translations ' , George Page in ` The Merry Wives of Windsor ' , Junius Brutus in ` Coriolanus ' , Hortensio in ` The Taming of the Shrew ' , Antipholus of Ephesus in ` The Comedy of Errors ' , Valere in ` The Miser ' , Celia in ` As You Like It ' , Valentine in ` Arcadia ' , Malcolm in ` Macbeth ' , Demetrius in ' A Midsummer Night 's Dream ' , Freddie in ` Pygmalion ' and John Worthing in ` The Importance of Being Earnest ' . His daughter , Bessie Coates , is also an actor . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 0, 2 ]

[ "General_Motors", "GM2900_platform", "National_Motor_Vehicle_Company", "Daimler-Benz", "Mercedes-Benz" ]

[ "General Motors Company , commonly known as GM , is an American multinational corporation headquartered in Detroit , Michigan , that designs , manufactures , markets , and distributes vehicles and vehicle parts , and sells financial services . With global headquarters at the Renaissance Center in Detroit , Michigan , United States , GM manufactures cars and trucks in 35 countries . In 2008 , 8.35 million GM cars and trucks were sold globally under various brands . 10 million cars sold milestone was exceeded on 2016 . Current auto brands are Buick , Cadillac , Chevrolet , GMC , Holden , and Wuling . Former GM automotive brands include McLaughlin , Oakland , Oldsmobile , Pontiac , Hummer , Saab , Saturn , Vauxhall , and Opel . The company was founded by William C. Durant on September 16 , 1908 as a holding company . The company was the largest automobile manufacturer from 1931 through 2007 . In addition to brands selling assembled vehicles , GM has also had various automotive-component and non-automotive brands , many of which it divested in the 1980s through 2000s . These have included Euclid and Terex -LRB- earthmoving/construction/mining equipment & vehicles -RRB- ; Electro-Motive Diesel -LRB- locomotive , marine , and industrial diesel engines -RRB- ; Detroit Diesel -LRB- automotive and industrial diesel engines -RRB- ; Allison -LRB- Aircraft engines , transmissions , gas turbine engines -RRB- ; Frigidaire -LRB- Appliances including refrigeration and air conditioning -RRB- ; New Departure -LRB- bearings -RRB- ; Delco Electronics and ACDelco -LRB- electrical and electronic components -RRB- ; GMAC -LRB- finance -RRB- ; General Aviation and North American Aviation -LRB- airplanes -RRB- ; GM Defense -LRB- military vehicles -RRB- ; and Electronic Data Systems -LRB- information technology -RRB- . General Motors produces vehicles in 37 countries under twelve brands : Chevrolet , Buick , GMC , Cadillac , Holden , HSV , Opel , Vauxhall , Wuling , Baojun , Jie Fang , and Ravon . The current company , General Motors Company -LRB- `` new GM '' -RRB- , was formed in 2009 following the bankruptcy of General Motors Corporation -LRB- `` old GM '' -RRB- , which became Motors Liquidation Company . The new company purchased the majority of the assets of the old GM , including the brand `` General Motors '' . ", "General Motors introduced the mid-size front-wheel drive GM2900 platform in 1988 with the introductions of the Opel Vectra A and the Vauxhall Cavalier Mk .3 for the 1989 model year . The platform was intended to replace both division 's J-cars , the Opel Ascona C and the Vauxhall Cavalier Mk .2 , although the platform eventually branched out to Holden , Chevrolet 's Latin American branch , and even Saab and Saturn . The GM2900 platform was replaced by the Epsilon platform in 2003 , although Saab continued to use the lengthened GM2902 platform for its 9-5 model until 2010 , when it was switched to the Epsilon 2 platform . The tooling for the first generation Saab 9-5 was sold to BAIC and with help from Saab engineers they will develop new models for production in China , probably under the `` Beijing '' brand . ", "The National Motor Vehicle Company was an American manufacturer of automobiles in Indianapolis , Indiana between 1900 and 1924 . One of its presidents , Arthur C. Newby , was also one of the investors who created the Indianapolis Motor Speedway . The company first concentrated on electric vehicles but soon began producing gasoline-engined cars . National produced a range of four , six , and twelve-cylinder passenger vehicles , as well as numerous successful racing cars . In 1922 , National was merged into Associated Motor Industries , which subsequently went out of business in 1924 . ", "Daimler-Benz AG -LRB- -LSB- ˈdaɪ̯mlɐ ˈbɛnt͡s -RSB- -RRB- was a German manufacturer of automobiles , motor vehicles , and internal combustion engines ; founded in 1926 . An Agreement of Mutual Interest - which was valid until 2000 - was signed on 1 May 1924 between Karl Benz 's Benz & Cie. , and Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft , which had been founded by Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach . Daimler had died in 1900 , and Maybach had left in 1907 . Both companies continued to manufacture their separate automobile and internal combustion engine marques until , on 28 June 1926 , when Benz & Cie. and Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft formally merged - becoming Daimler-Benz AG -LRB- Aktiengesellschaft -RRB- - and agreed that thereafter , all of the factories would use the brand name of `` Mercedes-Benz '' on their automobiles . The inclusion of the name Mercedes in the new brand name honored the most important model series of DMG automobiles , the Mercedes series , which were designed and built by Wilhelm Maybach . They derived their name from a 1900 engine named after the daughter of Emil Jellinek . Jellinek became one of DMG 's directors in 1900 , ordered a small number of motor racing cars built to his specifications by Maybach , stipulated that the engine must be named Daimler-Mercedes , and made the new automobile famous through motorsports . That race car later became known as the Mercedes 35 hp . The first of the series of production models bearing the name , Mercedes , had been produced by DMG in 1902 . Jellinek left the DMG board of directors in 1909 . The name of Daimler as a marque of automobiles had been sold by DMG - following his death in 1900 - for use by other companies -LRB- Daimler Motor Company and Austro-Daimler -RRB- , so the new company , Daimler-Benz , would have created confusion and legal problems to include Daimler in its new brand name , and therefore , used Mercedes to represent the Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft interest . Karl Benz remained as a member of the board of directors of Daimler-Benz AG until his death in 1929 . Although Daimler-Benz is best known for its Mercedes-Benz automobile brand , during World War II it also created a notable series of aircraft , tank , and submarine engines . Daimler also produced parts for German arms , most notably barrels for the Mauser rifle . During World War II Daimler-Benz employed slave labour . In 1989 Daimler-Benz InterServices AG -LRB- Debis -RRB- was created to handle data processing , financial and insurance services , and real estate management for the Daimler group . In 1998 , Daimler-Benz AG bought the American automobile manufacturer Chrysler Corporation , and formed DaimlerChrysler AG . When the Chrysler Group was subsequently sold off to Cerberus Capital Management and renamed Chrysler LLC in August 2007 , the name of the parent company was changed to simply Daimler AG within two months . ", "Mercedes-Benz -LRB- -LSB- mɛʁˈtseːdəsˌbɛnts -RSB- -RRB- is a global automobile manufacturer and a division of the German company Daimler AG . The brand is known for luxury vehicles , buses , coaches , and trucks . The headquarters is in Stuttgart , Baden-Württemberg . The name first appeared in 1926 under Daimler-Benz , but traces its origins to Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft 's 1901 Mercedes and Karl Benz 's 1886 Benz Patent-Motorwagen , which is widely regarded as the first gasoline-powered automobile . The slogan for the brand is `` the best or nothing '' and Mercedes-Benz was one of the top growing brands in 2014 with 18 % growth . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "Arthur_Schopenhauer", "August_Fick", "Walter_Baade", "Ernst_Krieck", "Arthur_Spiethoff" ]

[ "Arthur Schopenhauer -LRB- -LSB- ˈaɐ̯tʊɐ̯ ˈʃoːpm̩ˌhaʊ̯ɐ -RSB- ; 22 February 1788 -- 21 September 1860 -RRB- was a German philosopher . He is best known for his 1818 work The World as Will and Representation -LRB- expanded in 1844 -RRB- , wherein he characterizes the phenomenal world as the product of a blind and insatiable metaphysical will . Proceeding from the transcendental idealism of Immanuel Kant , Schopenhauer developed an atheistic metaphysical and ethical system that has been described as an exemplary manifestation of philosophical pessimism , rejecting the contemporaneous post-Kantian philosophies of German idealism . Schopenhauer was among the first thinkers in Western philosophy to share and affirm significant tenets of Eastern philosophy -LRB- e.g. , asceticism , the world-as-appearance -RRB- , having initially arrived at similar conclusions as the result of his own philosophical work . His writing on aesthetics , morality , and psychology would exert important influence on thinkers and artists throughout the 19th and 20th centuries . Though his work failed to garner substantial attention during his life , Schopenhauer has had a posthumous impact across various disciplines , including philosophy , literature , and science . Those who have cited his influence include Friedrich Nietzsche , Richard Wagner , Leo Tolstoy , Ludwig Wittgenstein , Erwin Schrödinger , Otto Rank , Gustav Mahler , Joseph Campbell , Albert Einstein , Carl Jung , Thomas Mann , Jorge Luis Borges , and Samuel Beckett , among others . ", "Friedrich Conrad August Fick -LRB- May 5 , 1833 , in Petershagen , Germany -- March 24 , 1916 , in Hildesheim or Breslau -RRB- was a German philologist . He spent his life chiefly at Göttingen , where he first studied philology under Theodor Benfey ; became a teacher in the Gymnasium , and eventually in 1876 professor of comparative philology at the university ; in 1887 accepted a professorship in Breslau , but retired four years later ; author of a variety of learned works on philology . ", "Wilhelm Heinrich Walter Baade -LRB- March 24 , 1893 -- June 25 , 1960 -RRB- was a German astronomer who worked in the United States from 1931 to 1959 . ", "Ernst Krieck -LRB- born July 6 , 1882 in Vögisheim ; died March 19 , 1947 in Moosburg an der Isar -RRB- was a German teacher , writer , and professor . Aside from Alfred Baeumler , Krieck was considered a leading National Socialistic -LRB- Nazi -RRB- theoretical scientist . After his graduation from junior high school , Krieck went to a teacher 's college in Karlsruhe . During his following work as an elementary school teacher , he began to criticize the dominant school system as mechanical and too bureaucratic . During this time , Krieck continued to be self-educated . In 1910 , his first literary work , Persönlichkeit und Kultur -LRB- Personality and Culture -RRB- , was published . In 1917 , Krieck published Die deutsche Staatsidee -LRB- The German National Idea -RRB- . Then in 1920 Die Revolution der Wissenschaft -LRB- The Revolution of Science -RRB- was published , and , finally , in 1922 Philosophie der Erziehung -LRB- Philosophy of Education -RRB- was published . Philosophie der Erziehung is considered Krieck 's most important book . For his work on this book , he received an honorary doctorate from Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg . After four years as working as a freelance writer he was appointed to work at the Pädagogische -LRB- pedagogy i.e. Science of education -RRB- Akademie in Frankfurt am Main in 1928 . Until the end of the 1920s , he supported the traditional opinions of the liberal teaching staff which was in conflict with the school politics of the SPD -LRB- Social Democratic Party -RRB- , Zentrumspartei -LRB- Central Party -RRB- , and the Catholic Church . Then , he took a political turn . In 1931 , he became a member of the racial minded , anti-semitic fighting union for German culture . After he had declared , `` Heil auf das Dritte Reich '' -LRB- `` Hail to the Third Reich '' -RRB- at the solstice festival in 1931 , Krieck was transferred to the Pädagogische Akademie Dortmund for disciplinary reasons . During this time , throughout the Ruhr region in Germany , Krieck acted frequently as a political speaker . On January 1 , 1932 he became a member of the NSDAP -LRB- Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei or National Socialistic German Workers Party -RRB- and the National Socialistic teachers union . In 1932 , due to further Nazi agitation , Krieck was suspended as professor . After the Nazi `` takeover , '' due to a secretarial decree , Krieck was elected President of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main in April 1933 . He had been the only candidate . It was only a day before that he had been elected Professor of Education and Philosophy . He was the first Nazi President of a German University . After his election he declared that `` the old gap between Volkstum -LRB- the people -RRB- and the University was finally bridged . '' His election marked the beginning of a union `` between the Führer of the town , the guidance of the NSDAP , and the Führer of the University . '' He announced an aggressive cleanup of the University : `` It is our collective goal , to make a stronghold for the German spirit in the city of Frankfurt . We are marching toward a new culture , that of National Socialism and its Führer to make way for the political revolution ... '' One of the first measures was the public burning of books on the Römerberg on May 10 , 1933 . Krieck became the publisher of the new magazine `` Volk im Werden '' -LRB- NS Race Coming into Being -RRB- , which was published every two months from 1933-1944 and depicted Nazi ideas about education . Krieck published many articles in this magazine . In 1934 , Krieck went to Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg and took a position as chair of the Philosophy and Education department . In the summer of 1936 he appeared with Bernhard Rust both publicly and programmatically . Starting in 1934 , he also worked with the Sicherheitsdienst -LRB- Security Service -RRB- des Reichsführers SS and worked as a spy in the science section . In 1935 he became the leader of the Gau Nazi teachers union in Baden . From April 1937 to October 1938 he was President at the University of Heidelberg . His core philosophy caused severe controversy with the NS race theorists in the years of 1936-1938 , whereupon he left all party and academic offices . In 1938 , he left the SS , but was then given the honorary role of SS-Obersturmbannführer . He was chairman of the Philosophy and Education department in Heidelberg until the end of World War II . In 1944 he became one of several leaders of the NS teachers union . After the end of World War II , he was dismissed from the University and detained by US occupying forces . He died on March 19 , 1947 in an internment camp located in Moosburg an der Isar . Krieck became a professor despite the fact that he had no Abitur -LRB- a diploma from German secondary school qualifying a person for admission into a University -RRB- . Krieck grew up in a working class environment-his father was a mason and a peasant-and it was n't possible for Krieck to attend high school . Therefore , his training as an elementary school teacher was the only possibility for him to receive a higher education . Through his absolute support of the NS and because of his education as a teacher , it was possible for Krieck to be appointed to higher teaching positions . He was himself unsatisfied with his resume and incorporated his personal experience of social criticism into his resume . The Heidelberg University Archives has received estate items belonging to Ernst Krieck and his daughter , Ilse Krieck . This inheritance includes photo albums , single frame pictures , a bust , correspondence , and five gramophone records that play a speech given by Krieck in 1933 . ", "Arthur Spiethoff -LRB- 13 May 1873 , Düsseldorf -- 4 April 1957 , Tübingen -RRB- was a German economist , born in Duseeldorf . He studied economics at the University of Berlin , and later taught in Prague and Bonn . Category : German economists Category :1873 births Category :1957 deaths " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "Zoe_Saldana", "Ted_Gibson", "Heidi_Van_Horne", "Sara_Ramirez", "Zoe_Lee" ]

[ "Zoe Saldana-Perego -LRB- born Zoe Yadira Saldaña Nazario , June 19 , 1978 -RRB- , known professionally as Zoe Saldana or Zoë Saldana , is an American actress and dancer . Following her performances with the theater group Faces , Saldana made her screen debut in an episode of Law & Order -LRB- 1999 -RRB- . Her film career began a year later with Center Stage -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , where she played a struggling ballet dancer , followed by a role in Crossroads -LRB- 2002 -RRB- . Saldana 's breakthrough came in 2009 with the roles of Nyota Uhura in Star Trek and Neytiri in James Cameron 's Avatar -LRB- 2009 -RRB- . The latter film received widespread acclaim , and is the highest-grossing film of all time . Saldana continued her career with films such as Colombiana -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , Guardians of the Galaxy -LRB- 2014 -RRB- and Star Trek Beyond -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . ", "Ted Gibson is a celebrity hairdresser with a salon in New York City . He is the hair expert on the cable show What Not to Wear . Notable clients include Anne Hathaway , Renée Zellweger , Kate Gosselin , Zoe Saldana , Ashley Greene and the fashion houses Chanel and Prada . ", "Heidi Van Horne is an American actress , pin-up model and writer . Besides modeling , she has acted in independent films and on several TV series , including ER , The O.C. , and Gilmore Girls and as the prize girl on the revival of The Gong Show with Dave Attell for Comedy Central and Happy Madison Productions . At the age of 14 , she was cast in the film Dazed and Confused by director Richard Linklater . Van Horne acts in indie films , as well as on TV and in commercials , such as starring in one of the popular `` What Happens in Vegas '' ads for the Las Vegas Tourism Board and opposite James Woods and Vince Van Patten for their website , Hollywood Poker.net . She also writes a weekly column for Hearst Publications ' Houston Chronicle and has authored pieces for other publications . ", "Sara Elena Ramírez -LRB- -LSB- ˈsaɾa eˈlena raˈmiɾes -RSB- ; born August 31 , 1975 -RRB- is a Mexican-American actress , singer and songwriter . Born in Mazatlán , Sinaloa , to Mexican parents , she graduated with fine arts degree from the Juilliard School . She began acting in Broadway productions , making her debut with Paul Simon 's The Capeman , and later ventured into film and television roles . Ramirez is a receipient of a Tony Award , a Screen Actors Guild Award , and a Satellite Award among other accolades . Ramirez 's portrayal of the original Lady of the Lake in the 2005 Broadway musical Spamalot , won her acclaim and the Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Musical . She gained wider recognition for her role as Dr. Callie Torres , in ABC 's long-running medical drama Grey 's Anatomy . The character 's popularity soared as the series progressed , and Ramirez garnered multiple nominations for Best Actress at the ALMA Awards , and a Favorite Dramatic TV Actress nomination at the People 's Choice Awards . She made her debut as a voice artist with the 1999 video game entitled UmJammer Lammy , and has voiced Queen Miranda in the animated series Sofia the First -LRB- 2012 -- present -RRB- . In addition to her acting career , Ramirez released her first single `` Silent Night '' in 2009 . Her self titled extended play debuted at no. 37 at the Billboard 200 in 2011 . Ramirez is also an activist and extensively campaigns for LGBT rights . She was awarded the Ally for Equality Award by the Human Rights Campaign Foundation in 2015 . She has been married to Ryan Debolt since 2012 . ", "Zoe Lee -LRB- born 15 December 1985 -RRB- is a British rower . She won a silver medal in the women 's eight at the 2016 Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro and a gold medal at the 2016 European Rowing Championships . She read geography at the Hertford College , Oxford and completed her PhD in geography at King 's College London in 2016 . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Little_Dorrit", "Tiny_Titans", "The_Life_and_Times_of_Scrooge_McDuck", "The_Fortune_of_the_Rougons", "Pippin_-LRB-comics-RRB-" ]

[ "Little Dorrit is a novel by Charles Dickens , originally published in serial form between 1855 and 1857 . It satirises the shortcomings of both government and society , including the institution of debtors ' prisons , where debtors were imprisoned , unable to work , until they repaid their debts . The prison in this case is the Marshalsea , where Dickens 's own father had been imprisoned . Dickens is also critical of the lack of a social safety net , the treatment and safety of industrial workers , as well the bureaucracy of the British Treasury , in the form of his fictional `` Circumlocution Office '' . In addition he satirises the stratification of society that results from the British class system . ", "Tiny Titans was an Eisner Award-winning comic book series by Art Baltazar and Franco Aureliani . It was published by DC Comics , beginning publication in February 2008 . The first issue was also released as part of the annual Free Comic Book Day promotion in May 2008 . The series concluded its run with the 50th issue , released March 21 , 2012 -LRB- cover date May 2012 -RRB- . During its history , Tiny Titans won the Eisner Award for Best Series for Kids twice , in 2009 and 2011 . In 2014 -- 2015 , the series was revived as Tiny Titans : Return to the Tree House , a six-issue miniseries . Tiny Titans stars alternate versions of DC Universe characters , primarily those from the Teen Titans series . It is set in a kid-friendly , elementary school environment . Issues typically consist of several individual stories as opposed to one cohesive storyline . ", "The Life and Times of Scrooge McDuck -LRB- Lo -RRB- is a serial of 12 comic book stories written and drawn by Don Rosa , first published by the Danish publisher Egmont in the magazine Anders And & Co. from 1992-94 and later in English in Uncle Scrooge # 285 through # 296 -LRB- 1994-96 -RRB- . The stories chronicle the in-universe biography of Scrooge McDuck before his introduction in 1947 . The stories were later collected and published together in a single volume . Rosa later published additional stories which expanded on Scrooge 's biography . These were released as The Life and Times of Scrooge McDuck Companion . The story follows the main events of Scrooge 's life between 1877 and 1947 , including almost all references found in Carl Barks stories about Scrooge 's life until 1947 but leaving some room for Rosa and other creators to add more details later . The comic also provides information on the backgrounds and origins of many characters related to Scrooge . Don Rosa earned the Will Eisner Award in 1997 for this work . The trade paperback collection was also a top vote-getter for the Comics Buyer 's Guide Fan Award for Favorite Reprint Graphic Novel/Album for 1997 . After being out of print for several years with high demand , the book was reprinted under the BOOM ! Studios label in two deluxe hardcover volumes . The Finnish composer Tuomas Holopainen released a concept album based on the book , titled Music Inspired by the Life and Times of Scrooge . Don Rosa illustrated the cover artwork for the album . ", "The Fortune of the Rougons -LRB- French : La Fortune des Rougon -RRB- , originally published in 1871 , is the first novel in Émile Zola 's monumental twenty-volume series Les Rougon-Macquart . The novel is partly an origin story , with a huge cast of characters swarming around - many of whom become the central figures of later novels in the series - and partly an account of the December 1851 coup d'état that created the French Second Empire under Napoleon III as experienced in a large provincial town in southern France . The title refers not only to the `` fortune '' chased by protagonists Pierre and Felicité Rougon , but also to the fortunes of the various disparate family members Zola introduces , whose lives are of central importance to later books in the series . ", "Pippin was a UK children 's comic , published by Polystyle Publications between 24.09.1966 and 26.09.1986 , featuring characters from British pre-school television programmes . Stories were generally of four or eight numbered panels , with a short sentence below each illustration -LRB- similar to Rupert -RRB- , although some stories did appear in prose form . Regular stories included The Pogles -LRB- whose Pippin character gave the comic its name -RRB- , Bizzy Lizzy , Joe , The Woodentops , Andy Pandy , Bill and Ben , Camberwick Green , Trumpton and Chigley , Titch and Quackers , Toytown , Mary Mungo & Midge , The Moonbeans , Tales of the Riverbank , The Herbs , Mr Benn , Teddy Edward , Barnaby the Bear , Ivor the Engine , Rubovia and Sooty and Sweep . Andy Pandy and Bill and Ben also appeared regularly in Robin . Each issue was around 16 pages in colour and black and white , and also featured a puzzle page , readers letters & photographs , and a bible story . Each year a hardback annual was published , containing new stories and puzzles , and regular holiday specials . Around 1983 a special winter holiday edition reprinted some old strips from the past 15 years -LRB- `` ask your older brothers or sisters '' -RRB- . A companion comic , Playland , was launched in 1968 and ran alongside Pippin until 1975 when the two titles were merged under the title Pippin in Playland -- although each continued to issue separate annuals at Christmas . Several strips , such as Sooty , Andy Pandy , The Herbs and Camberwick Green , appeared in both comics at one time or another . First published 24 September 1966 , the final edition appeared on 26 September 1986 -LRB- absorbed into Buttons -RRB- . Artists included Neville Main and Bill Melvin . Pippin ran for 1044 issues . " ]

[ 2, 0, 2, 1, 1 ]

[ "Little_Dorrit", "Tiny_Titans", "The_Life_and_Times_of_Scrooge_McDuck", "The_Fortune_of_the_Rougons", "Pippin_-LRB-comics-RRB-" ]

[ "Little Dorrit is a novel by Charles Dickens , originally published in serial form between 1855 and 1857 . It satirises the shortcomings of both government and society , including the institution of debtors ' prisons , where debtors were imprisoned , unable to work , until they repaid their debts . The prison in this case is the Marshalsea , where Dickens 's own father had been imprisoned . Dickens is also critical of the lack of a social safety net , the treatment and safety of industrial workers , as well the bureaucracy of the British Treasury , in the form of his fictional `` Circumlocution Office '' . In addition he satirises the stratification of society that results from the British class system . ", "Tiny Titans was an Eisner Award-winning comic book series by Art Baltazar and Franco Aureliani . It was published by DC Comics , beginning publication in February 2008 . The first issue was also released as part of the annual Free Comic Book Day promotion in May 2008 . The series concluded its run with the 50th issue , released March 21 , 2012 -LRB- cover date May 2012 -RRB- . During its history , Tiny Titans won the Eisner Award for Best Series for Kids twice , in 2009 and 2011 . In 2014 -- 2015 , the series was revived as Tiny Titans : Return to the Tree House , a six-issue miniseries . Tiny Titans stars alternate versions of DC Universe characters , primarily those from the Teen Titans series . It is set in a kid-friendly , elementary school environment . Issues typically consist of several individual stories as opposed to one cohesive storyline . ", "The Life and Times of Scrooge McDuck -LRB- Lo -RRB- is a serial of 12 comic book stories written and drawn by Don Rosa , first published by the Danish publisher Egmont in the magazine Anders And & Co. from 1992-94 and later in English in Uncle Scrooge # 285 through # 296 -LRB- 1994-96 -RRB- . The stories chronicle the in-universe biography of Scrooge McDuck before his introduction in 1947 . The stories were later collected and published together in a single volume . Rosa later published additional stories which expanded on Scrooge 's biography . These were released as The Life and Times of Scrooge McDuck Companion . The story follows the main events of Scrooge 's life between 1877 and 1947 , including almost all references found in Carl Barks stories about Scrooge 's life until 1947 but leaving some room for Rosa and other creators to add more details later . The comic also provides information on the backgrounds and origins of many characters related to Scrooge . Don Rosa earned the Will Eisner Award in 1997 for this work . The trade paperback collection was also a top vote-getter for the Comics Buyer 's Guide Fan Award for Favorite Reprint Graphic Novel/Album for 1997 . After being out of print for several years with high demand , the book was reprinted under the BOOM ! Studios label in two deluxe hardcover volumes . The Finnish composer Tuomas Holopainen released a concept album based on the book , titled Music Inspired by the Life and Times of Scrooge . Don Rosa illustrated the cover artwork for the album . ", "The Fortune of the Rougons -LRB- French : La Fortune des Rougon -RRB- , originally published in 1871 , is the first novel in Émile Zola 's monumental twenty-volume series Les Rougon-Macquart . The novel is partly an origin story , with a huge cast of characters swarming around - many of whom become the central figures of later novels in the series - and partly an account of the December 1851 coup d'état that created the French Second Empire under Napoleon III as experienced in a large provincial town in southern France . The title refers not only to the `` fortune '' chased by protagonists Pierre and Felicité Rougon , but also to the fortunes of the various disparate family members Zola introduces , whose lives are of central importance to later books in the series . ", "Pippin was a UK children 's comic , published by Polystyle Publications between 24.09.1966 and 26.09.1986 , featuring characters from British pre-school television programmes . Stories were generally of four or eight numbered panels , with a short sentence below each illustration -LRB- similar to Rupert -RRB- , although some stories did appear in prose form . Regular stories included The Pogles -LRB- whose Pippin character gave the comic its name -RRB- , Bizzy Lizzy , Joe , The Woodentops , Andy Pandy , Bill and Ben , Camberwick Green , Trumpton and Chigley , Titch and Quackers , Toytown , Mary Mungo & Midge , The Moonbeans , Tales of the Riverbank , The Herbs , Mr Benn , Teddy Edward , Barnaby the Bear , Ivor the Engine , Rubovia and Sooty and Sweep . Andy Pandy and Bill and Ben also appeared regularly in Robin . Each issue was around 16 pages in colour and black and white , and also featured a puzzle page , readers letters & photographs , and a bible story . Each year a hardback annual was published , containing new stories and puzzles , and regular holiday specials . Around 1983 a special winter holiday edition reprinted some old strips from the past 15 years -LRB- `` ask your older brothers or sisters '' -RRB- . A companion comic , Playland , was launched in 1968 and ran alongside Pippin until 1975 when the two titles were merged under the title Pippin in Playland -- although each continued to issue separate annuals at Christmas . Several strips , such as Sooty , Andy Pandy , The Herbs and Camberwick Green , appeared in both comics at one time or another . First published 24 September 1966 , the final edition appeared on 26 September 1986 -LRB- absorbed into Buttons -RRB- . Artists included Neville Main and Bill Melvin . Pippin ran for 1044 issues . " ]

[ 2, 0, 2, 1, 1 ]

[ "Coins_of_the_Swiss_franc", "Bullion_coin", "A._Favre_&_Fils", "Snake_in_the_tunnel", "Mandats_territoriaux" ]

[ "The coins of the Swiss franc are the official coins used in Switzerland and Liechtenstein . The name of the subunit is Centime in French , Rappen in German , Centisimo in Italian and Rap in Romansh . There are coins in denominations of 5 centimes , 10 centimes , 20 centimes , 1/2 franc -LRB- 50 centimes -RRB- , 1 franc , 2 francs and 5 francs . In the past , there were also coins of 1 and 2 centimes . ", "A bullion coin is a coin struck from precious metal and kept as a store of value or an investment , rather than used in day-to-day commerce . The United Kingdom defines investment coins more specifically as coins that have been minted after 1800 , have a purity of not less than 900 thousandths and are , or have been , legal tender in their country of origin . Under United States law , `` coins '' that fail the last of these requirements are not coins at all , and must be advertised as `` rounds '' instead . Bullion coins are usually available in both gold and silver , with the exceptions of the Krugerrand -LRB- note in 2017 the first silver Krugerrand was minted -RRB- and the Swiss Vreneli which are only available in gold . The American Eagle series is available in gold , silver and platinum , and the Canadian Maple Leaf series is available in gold , silver , platinum , and palladium . Bullion coins are typically available in various weights . These are usually multiples or fractions of 1 troy ounce , but some bullion coins are produced in very limited quantities in kilograms or heavier . Bullion coins sell for a premium over the market price of the metal on the commodities exchanges . Reasons include their comparative small size and the costs associated with manufacture , storage and distribution . The amount of the premium varies depending on the coin 's type and weight and the precious metal . The premium also is affected by prevailing demand . The ISO currency code for gold bullion is XAU . ISO 4217 includes codes not only for currencies , but also for precious metals -LRB- gold , silver , palladium and platinum ; by definition expressed per one troy ounce , as compared to `` 1 USD '' -RRB- and certain other entities used in international finance , e.g. special drawing rights . ", "A. Favre & Fils is a Swiss luxury watch manufacturer located in Carouge , a municipality in the Canton of Geneva , Switzerland . Their timepieces are made from 18k gold -LRB- white or rose -RRB- . ", "The snake in the tunnel was the first attempt at European monetary cooperation in the 1970s , aiming at limiting fluctuations between different European currencies . It was an attempt at creating a single currency band for the European Economic Community -LRB- EEC -RRB- , essentially pegging all the EEC currencies to one another . Pierre Werner presented a report on economic and monetary union to the EEC on 8 October 1970 . The first of three recommended steps involved the coordination of economic policies and a reduction in fluctuations between European currencies . With the failure of the Bretton Woods system with the Nixon shock in 1971 , the Smithsonian agreement set bands of ± 2.25 % for currencies to move relative to their central rate against the US dollar . This provided a tunnel within which European currencies could trade . However , it implied much larger bands in which they could move against each other : for example if currency A started at the bottom of its band it could appreciate by 4.5 % against the dollar , while if currency B started at the top of its band it could depreciate by 4.5 % against the dollar . If both happened simultaneously , then currency A would appreciate by 9 % against currency B . This was seen as excessive , and the Basel agreement in 1972 between the six existing EEC members and three about to join established a snake in the tunnel with bilateral margins between their currencies limited to 2.25 % , implying a maximum change between any two currencies of 4.5 % , and with all the currencies tending to move together against the dollar . This agreement also led to the formal end of the Sterling Area . The tunnel collapsed in 1973 when the US dollar floated freely . The snake proved unsustainable , with several currencies leaving and in some cases rejoining . By 1977 , it had become a Deutsche Mark zone with just the Belgian and Luxembourg franc , the Dutch guilder and the Danish krone tracking it . The Werner plan was abandoned . The European Monetary System followed the `` snake '' as a system for monetary coordination in the EEC . ", "Mandats territoriaux were paper bank notes issued as currency by the French Directory in 1796 to replace the assignats which had become virtually worthless . They were land-warrants supposedly redeemable in the lands confiscated from royalty , the clergy and the church after the outbreak of the French Revolution in 1789 . In February 1796 , 800,000,000 francs of mandats were issued as legal tender to replace the 24,000,000,000 francs of assignats then outstanding . In all about 2,500,000,000 francs of mandats were issued . They were heavily counterfeited and their value depreciated rapidly within six months . In February 1797 , they lost their legal tender quality and by May were worth virtually nothing . " ]

[ 0, 1, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "Veep", "Timothy_Simons", "68th_Primetime_Emmy_Awards", "Sam_Richardson_-LRB-actor-RRB-", "25th_Annie_Awards" ]

[ "Veep is an American political satire comedy television series , starring Julia Louis-Dreyfus , that premiered on HBO on April 22 , 2012 . The series was created by Armando Iannucci as an adaptation of the British sitcom The Thick of It . Veep is set in the office of Selina Meyer , a fictional Vice President , and subsequent President , of the United States . The series follows Meyer and her team as they attempt to make their mark and leave a lasting legacy without getting tripped up in the day-to-day political games that define Washington , D.C. Veep has received critical acclaim and won several major awards . It has been nominated five years in a row for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Comedy Series , winning the award for its fourth and fifth seasons . Its second and fourth seasons won the Writers Guild of America Award for Television : Comedy Series , with the third season winning the Television Critics Association Award for Outstanding Achievement in Comedy . Louis-Dreyfus has won five consecutive Primetime Emmy Awards , two Screen Actors Guild Award , two Critics ' Choice Television Awards and one Television Critics Association Award for her performance . Supporting cast members Anna Chlumsky and Tony Hale have both received four consecutive Emmy nominations for their work on the series , including Hale winning in 2013 and 2015 . The series ' 10-episode sixth season premiered on April 16 , 2017 . Veep has been renewed for a seventh season , which will premiere in 2018 . ", "Timothy Simons -LRB- born June 12 , 1978 -RRB- is an American actor and comedian best known for his role as Jonah Ryan on the HBO television series Veep , for which he has received three nominations for the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series . He has also had acting roles in the films The Interview , Christine , and The Boss . ", "The 68th Primetime Emmy Awards honored the best in U.S. prime time television programming from June 1 , 2015 until May 31 , 2016 , as chosen by the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences . The ceremony was held on Sunday , September 18 , 2016 at the Microsoft Theater in Downtown Los Angeles , California , and was broadcast in the U.S. by ABC . The ceremony was hosted by Jimmy Kimmel . It was preceded by the 68th Primetime Creative Arts Emmy Awards , which took place over two nights , September 10 and 11 , at the Microsoft Theater . Crime anthology The People v. O. J. Simpson : American Crime Story won five major awards , the most awards of the night , while fantasy drama Game of Thrones won three , including Outstanding Drama Series and surpassing Frasier -LRB- 37 -RRB- as the fictional television program with the most Primetime Emmy Awards with 38 wins in six seasons . The political satire series Veep also won Outstanding Comedy Series for the second time in a row , while its producer and lead star Julia Louis-Dreyfus established a new record of wins for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series ; it was her fifth consecutive win for the series and sixth overall in the category . ", "Sam Richardson is an American actor , writer , and comedian , known for playing Richard Splett in the TV series Veep . ", "25thAnnie Awards November 16 , 1997 Best Feature Film : Cats Do n't Dance Best Television Program : The Simpsons Best Home Video Production : Aladdin and the King of Thieves Best Short Subject : Bjork : I Miss You -LRB- Bjork 's Music Video -RRB- The 25th Annie Awards were given by the International Animated Film Association to honor outstanding achievements in animation in 1997 . Cats Do n't Dance led the nominations with 8 and won two awards , including Best Animated Feature , the first Non-Disney film to win it . Disney 's Hercules and Fox 's The Simpsons won the most awards with four . The Simpsons won its Best Animated Television Program fifth time in a row . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 0 ]

[ "Phoenix,_Arizona", "Phoenix_metropolitan_area", "Arizona", "Tempe,_Arizona", "St._Mary's_High_School_-LRB-Phoenix,_Arizona-RRB-" ]

[ "Phoenix -LRB- -LSB- ˈfiːnᵻks -RSB- -RRB- is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Arizona . With 1,615,017 people , Phoenix is the fifth most populous city nationwide , the most populous state capital in the United States , and the only state capital with a population of more than one million residents . Phoenix is the anchor of the Phoenix metropolitan area , also known as the Valley of the Sun , which in turn is a part of the Salt River Valley . The metropolitan area is the 12th largest by population in the United States , with approximately 4.3 million people . In addition , Phoenix is the seat of Maricopa County and , at 517.9 square miles -LRB- 1,341 km2 -RRB- , it is the largest city in the state , more than twice the size of Tucson and one of the largest cities in the United States . Settled in 1867 as an agricultural community near the confluence of the Salt and Gila Rivers , Phoenix incorporated as a city in 1881 . Located in the northeastern reaches of the Sonoran Desert , Phoenix has a subtropical desert climate . Despite this , its canal system led to a thriving farming community , many of the original crops remaining important parts of the Phoenix economy for decades , such as alfalfa , cotton , citrus , and hay -LRB- which was important for the cattle industry -RRB- . In fact , the `` Five C 's '' -LRB- Cotton , Cattle , Citrus , Climate , and Copper -RRB- , remained the driving forces of Phoenix 's economy until after World War II , when high-tech industries began to move into the valley and air conditioning made residences much more comfortable in the very hot summers . The city averaged a four percent annual population growth rate over a 40-year period from the mid-1960s to the mid-2000s . This growth rate slowed during the Great Recession of 2007 -- 09 , and has rebounded slowly . Phoenix is the cultural center of the Valley of the Sun , as well as the entire state . ", "The Phoenix Metropolitan Area -- often referred to as the Valley of the Sun , the Salt River Valley or Metro Phoenix -- is a metropolitan area , centered on the city of Phoenix , that includes much of the central part of the U.S. State of Arizona . The United States Census Bureau designates the area as the Phoenix-Mesa-Chandler Metropolitan Statistical Area -LRB- MSA -RRB- , defining it as Maricopa and Pinal counties . As of the Census Bureau 's 2015 population estimates , the Valley had 4,574,351 residents , making it the 12th largest Metropolitan Area in the nation by population . The gross domestic product of the Phoenix Metropolitan Area was $ 215 billion in 2014 , 15th largest amongst metro areas in the United States . It is also one of the fastest growing major metropolitan areas , gaining nearly 400,000 residents from 2010 to 2015 , and more than 1.3 million since 2000 . The population of the Phoenix Metropolitan Area increased by 45.3 % from 1990 through 2000 , compared to the average United States rate of 13.2 % , helping to make Arizona the second fastest growing state in the nation in the 1990s -LRB- the fastest was Nevada -RRB- . The 2000 Census reported the population of the metropolitan area to be 3,251,876 . As for the 2010 Census , the two-county metropolitan area was reported to have a population of 4,192,887 . Metro Phoenix grew by 941,011 people from April 2000 to April 2010 , making it one of the fastest growing metro areas in the country . This also contributed to the entire state 's exceptional growth , as the area is home to just over two-thirds of Arizona 's population . ", "Arizona -LRB- -LSB- ɛərᵻˈzoʊnə , _ ærᵻ - -RSB- -RRB- -LRB- Hoozdo Hahoodzo -LSB- xòːztò xɑ̀xòːtsò -RSB- O'odham : Alĭ ṣonak -LSB- ˡaɺi ˡʃonak -RSB- -RRB- is a state in the southwestern region of the United States . It is also part of the Western and the Mountain states . It is the sixth largest and the 14th most populous of the 50 states . Its capital and largest city is Phoenix . Arizona is one of the Four Corners states . It has borders with New Mexico , Utah , Nevada , California , and Mexico , and one point in common with the southwestern corner of Colorado . Arizona 's border with Mexico is 389 miles -LRB- 626 km -RRB- long , on the northern border of the Mexican states of Sonora and Baja California . Arizona is the 48th state and last of the contiguous states to be admitted to the Union , achieving statehood on February 14 , 1912 . Historically part of the territory of Alta California in New Spain , it became part of independent Mexico in 1821 . After being defeated in the Mexican -- American War , Mexico ceded much of this territory to the United States in 1848 . The southernmost portion of the state was acquired in 1853 through the Gadsden Purchase . Southern Arizona is known for its desert climate , with very hot summers and mild winters . Northern Arizona features forests of pine , Douglas fir , and spruce trees ; the Colorado Plateau ; some mountain ranges -LRB- such as the San Francisco Mountains -RRB- ; as well as large , deep canyons , with much more moderate summer temperatures and significant winter snowfalls . There are ski resorts in the areas of Flagstaff , Alpine , and Tucson . In addition to the Grand Canyon National Park , there are several national forests , national parks , and national monuments . About one-quarter of the state is made up of Indian reservations that serve as the home of 27 federally recognized Native American tribes , including the Navajo Nation , the largest in the state and the United States , with more than 300,000 citizens . Although federal law gave all Native Americans the right to vote in 1924 , Arizona excluded those living on reservations from voting until its state Supreme Court ruled in 1948 in favor of Native American plaintiffs . ", "Tempe -LRB- -LSB- tɛmˈpiː -RSB- ; Oidbaḍ in Pima -RRB- , also known as Hayden 's Ferry during the territorial times of Arizona , is a city in Maricopa County , Arizona , United States , with the Census Bureau reporting a 2010 population of 161,719 . The city is named after the Vale of Tempe in Greece . Tempe is located in the East Valley section of metropolitan Phoenix ; it is bordered by Phoenix and Guadalupe on the west , Scottsdale on the north , Chandler on the south , and Mesa on the east . Tempe is also the location of Arizona State University . ", "St. Mary 's Catholic High School is a private , Roman Catholic high school in Phoenix , Arizona , United States . It is located in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Phoenix . " ]

[ 1, 1, 2, 1, 1 ]

[ "Vampire_Academy_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Creature_Academy", "I…Vampire", "Darren_Aronofsky", "The_Vampire's_Ghost" ]

[ "Vampire Academy -LRB- also known as Vampire Academy : Blood Sisters -RRB- is a 2014 American fantasy comedy film based on Richelle Mead 's 2007 best-selling novel of the same name , directed by Mark Waters , and scripted by Daniel Waters . The film stars Zoey Deutch , Danila Kozlovsky , Lucy Fry , and Dominic Sherwood in lead roles . It was released in North America on February 7 , 2014 and globally between March and July of the same year . It was distributed in the United States by The Weinstein Company . The film was a failure critically and financially , grossing only $ 15.4 million worldwide against a $ 30 million budget , making the film a box office flop . ", "Creature Academy is an all-ages/science fiction/fantasy digital comic series created by Kevin Hanna , that ran for four issues and was published in a collected edition for the first time in 2013 . In 2008 , LeftJet announced that they had taken steps for a possible future film adaptation ; The film , The Creature Academy , is currently in preproduction . ", "I. . . Vampire is a 24 issue series , created by writer J. M. DeMatteis , that appeared in American comic book House of Mystery between 1981 and 1983 . It originally started as a backup story among House of Mystery '' 's three story format but soon became so popular that it eventually overtook the title on the cover . Even I. . . Vampire '' 's finale was almost book length . ", "Darren Aronofsky -LRB- born February 12 , 1969 -RRB- is an American filmmaker , and environmentalist . He has received acclaim , and generated controversy for his often surreal , disturbing films . Aronofsky attended Harvard University , where he studied film and social anthropology , and the American Film Institute where he studied directing . He won several film awards after completing his senior thesis film , Supermarket Sweep , which went on to become a National Student Academy Award finalist . Aronofsky 's feature debut , the surrealist psychological thriller Pi , was shot in November 1997 . The low-budget , $ 60,000 production , starring Sean Gullette , was sold to Artisan Entertainment for $ 1 million , and grossed over $ 3 million ; Aronofsky won the Directing Award at the 1998 Sundance Film Festival and an Independent Spirit Award for best first screenplay . Aronofsky 's followup , the psychological drama Requiem for a Dream , was based on the novel of the same name by Hubert Selby , Jr. . The film garnered strong reviews and received an Academy Award nomination for Ellen Burstyn 's performance . After writing the World War II horror film Below , Aronofsky began production on his third film , the romantic fantasy sci-fi drama The Fountain . The film received mixed reviews and performed poorly at the box-office , but has since garnered a cult following . His fourth film , the sports drama The Wrestler , was released to critical acclaim and both of the film 's stars , Mickey Rourke and Marisa Tomei , received Academy Award nominations . In 2010 Aronofsky was an executive producer on The Fighter and his fifth feature film , the psychological horror film Black Swan , received further critical acclaim and many accolades , being nominated for five Academy Awards including Best Picture and Best Director and winning Best Actress for Natalie Portman 's performance in the film . Aronofsky received nominations for Best Director at the Golden Globes , and a Directors Guild of America Award nomination . Aronofsky 's sixth film , the biblically inspired epic Noah , was released in theaters on March 28 , 2014 . Noah grossed over $ 43.7 million during its opening box office weekend , becoming Aronofsky 's highest opening weekend and his first film to open at No. 1 . The film was an international hit , eventually grossing over $ 362,000,000 worldwide . ", "The Vampire 's Ghost is 1945 American horror film directed by Lesley Selander written by Leigh Brackett and John K. Butler . The film stars John Abbott , Charles Gordon , Peggy Stewart , Grant Withers , Emmett Vogan and Adele Mara . The film is based on John William Polidori 's short story `` The Vampyre '' and was released on May 21 , 1945 , by Republic Pictures . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Grateful_Dead", "Frank_Watkins_-LRB-musician-RRB-", "Tom_Constanten", "Exquisite_Corpse_-LRB-EP-RRB-", "Jack_Taylor_-LRB-musician-RRB-" ]

[ "The Grateful Dead was an American rock band formed in 1965 in Palo Alto , California . Ranging from quintet to septet , the band is known for its unique and eclectic style , which fused elements of rock , psychedelia , experimental music , modal jazz , country , folk , bluegrass , blues , reggae , and space rock , for live performances of lengthy instrumental jams , and for their devoted fan base , known as `` Deadheads '' . `` Their music , '' writes Lenny Kaye , `` touches on ground that most other groups do n't even know exists . '' These various influences were distilled into a diverse and psychedelic whole that made the Grateful Dead `` the pioneering Godfathers of the jam band world '' . The band was ranked 57th by Rolling Stone magazine in its The Greatest Artists of All Time issue . The band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1994 and a recording of their May 8 , 1977 performance at Cornell University 's Barton Hall was added to the National Recording Registry of the Library of Congress in 2012 . The Grateful Dead have sold more than 35 million albums worldwide . The Grateful Dead was founded in the San Francisco Bay Area amid the rise of the counterculture of the 1960s . The founding members were Jerry Garcia -LRB- lead guitar , vocals -RRB- , Bob Weir -LRB- rhythm guitar , vocals -RRB- , Ron `` Pigpen '' McKernan -LRB- keyboards , harmonica , vocals -RRB- , Phil Lesh -LRB- bass , vocals -RRB- , and Bill Kreutzmann -LRB- drums -RRB- . Members of the Grateful Dead had played together in various San Francisco bands , including Mother McCree 's Uptown Jug Champions and the Warlocks . Lesh was the last member to join the Warlocks before they became the Grateful Dead ; he replaced Dana Morgan Jr. , who had played bass for a few gigs . Drummer Mickey Hart and nonperforming lyricist Robert Hunter joined in 1967 . With the exception of McKernan , who died in 1973 , and Hart , who took time off from 1971 to 1974 , the core of the band stayed together for its entire 30-year history . The other official members of the band are Tom Constanten -LRB- keyboards ; 1968 -- 1970 -RRB- , John Perry Barlow -LRB- nonperforming lyricist ; 1971 -- 1995 -RRB- , Keith Godchaux -LRB- keyboards ; 1971 -- 1979 -RRB- , Donna Godchaux -LRB- vocals ; 1972 -- 1979 -RRB- , Brent Mydland -LRB- keyboards , vocals ; 1979 -- 1990 -RRB- , and Vince Welnick -LRB- keyboards , vocals ; 1990 -- 1995 -RRB- . Pianist Bruce Hornsby was a touring member from 1990 to 1992 , as well as guesting with the band on occasion before and after the tours . After the death of Jerry Garcia in 1995 , former members of the band , along with other musicians , toured as the Other Ones in 1998 , 2000 , and 2002 , and the Dead in 2003 , 2004 , and 2009 . In 2015 , the four surviving core members marked the band 's 50th anniversary in a series of concerts that were billed as their last performances together . There have also been several spin-offs featuring one or more core members , such as Dead & Company , Furthur , the Rhythm Devils , Phil Lesh & Friends , RatDog , and Billy & the Kids . ", "Frank Watkins -LRB- February 19 , 1968 -- October 18 , 2015 -RRB- was an American heavy metal musician best known as a former , long-time bass player for the death metal band Obituary . From late 2007 until his death , he had been the bass player of the Norwegian black metal band Gorgoroth . ", "Tom Constanten -LRB- born March 19 , 1944 , Long Branch , New Jersey , United States -RRB- is an American keyboardist , best known for playing with Grateful Dead from 1968 to 1970 . ", "Exquisite Corpse is the debut EP by American alternative rock band Warpaint , self-released in late 2008 and subsequently re-released on October 6 , 2009 on Manimal Vinyl . Recorded in 2007 , the EP was mixed by then-Red Hot Chili Peppers guitarist John Frusciante , and features current Red Hot Chili Peppers guitarist Josh Klinghoffer performing drums on `` Billie Holiday '' and guitar on `` Krimson '' . Some of Exquisite Corpse 's tracks had been in the band 's live repertoire for over five years . Promotional music videos were produced for the tracks `` Stars '' , `` Elephants '' and `` Beetles '' . ", "Jack Taylor -LRB- 1965 -- 1997 -RRB- was an American musician and member of several popular bands . He was born Richard Violet in Urbana , Ohio . In his early twenties he played guitar with The Gibson Bros and went on to form the Columbus , Ohio , avant-garde noise band Monster Truck Five . Late in his career he fronted , with Jeffrey Evans , the Memphis rock n roll act the '68 Comeback and appeared in , and provided the title song for , the John Michael McCarthy film The Sore Losers . He died in 1997 of an overdose . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "The_Heist_-LRB-album-RRB-", "Thrift_Shop", "Macklemore_&_Ryan_Lewis", "Can't_Hold_Us", "List_of_RPM_number-one_country_singles_of_1978" ]

[ "The Heist is the debut studio album by American hip hop duo Macklemore & Ryan Lewis . It was released on October 9 , 2012 , by Macklemore LLC , distributed under the Alternative Distribution Alliance . The album was independently self-produced , self-recorded and self-released by the duo , with no mainstream promotion or support . After the album 's release , the duo hired Warner Music Group 's radio promotion department to help the push with their singles for a small percentage of the sales . The album was recorded in Seattle , Washington between 2009 and 2012 . Within each series of singles were released , before the album release from 2010 and onwards ; the fourth single `` Thrift Shop '' , which was the most commercially successful -- peaking at number one on the Billboard Hot 100 , number one in 17 other countries , including number one positions in New Zealand and Australia , as well as a successful run on the charts in many other countries . The album 's third single `` Ca n't Hold Us '' was also largely commercially successful , peaking at number one in the United States , Australia , and Sweden . The album sold 78,000 copies in its first week , debuting at number two on the Billboard 200 , and at number one on the Billboard Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums , while entering the Canadian Albums Chart at number four . The album received generally positive reviews from critics . On January 26 , 2014 , it won the Grammy Award for Best Rap Album , where it was also nominated for Album of the Year and earned Macklemore and Ryan Lewis the award for Best New Artist . As of early 2016 , the album has sold 1,490,000 copies in the United States . ", "`` Thrift Shop '' is a song by American hip hop duo Macklemore & Ryan Lewis . It was released on August 27 , 2012 as Macklemore 's eighth career single and the fourth single from their debut studio album , The Heist -LRB- 2012 -RRB- . It features vocals from Wanz . The song was composed to show Macklemore 's esteem for thrift shops and saving money , opposing the flaunting of expensive items many rappers display . Music reviewers praised the song for its humorous lyrics and social critique . It was released in the United Kingdom in January 2013 . Despite being released on Macklemore 's independent label with distribution by the Alternative Distribution Alliance -LRB- ADA -RRB- , a Warner Music Group Company , the single was a sleeper hit . It peaked at number one on the Billboard Hot 100 and has since sold over 7 million copies in the US alone . The song also reached number one in the United Kingdom , Ireland , Canada , France , Denmark , Netherlands , Australia and New Zealand . A music video was released to accompany the song 's release on August 29 , 2012 . The video has garnered more than 1.0 billion views on YouTube . In 2014 , the single won two Grammy Awards for Best Rap Performance and Best Rap Song . ", "Macklemore & Ryan Lewis are an American hip hop duo , formed in 2008 , from Seattle , Washington . The duo is composed of Ben Haggerty , a singer who goes by the stage name of Macklemore , and Ryan Lewis , a record producer , DJ , and professional photographer , who met the former at a photo shoot and they have significantly collaborated ever since . In 2009 , they released their first collaborative effort , an EP titled VS. EP . They have since followed up with VS. Redux -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , the Grammy Award-winning album The Heist -LRB- 2012 -RRB- and This Unruly Mess I 've Made -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . Macklemore and Lewis ' single `` Thrift Shop '' reached number one on the US Billboard Hot 100 in 2013 . The single was soon dubbed the first song since 1994 to top the Hot 100 chart without the support of a major record label by Billboard , although Macklemore , in a slightly unusual recording contract , pays a nominal percentage of sales to use Warner Bros. . Records ' radio promotion department to push his singles . Their second single , `` Ca n't Hold Us '' , also peaked at number one of the Hot 100 Chart , making Macklemore and Lewis the first duo in the chart 's history to have their first two singles both reach the peak position . Macklemore and Lewis released their debut studio album , The Heist , on October 9 , 2012 , which charted at number 2 on the US Billboard 200 . The pair won four Grammy Awards at the 2014 ceremony , including Best New Artist , Best Rap Album -LRB- The Heist -RRB- , Best Rap Song and Best Rap Performance -LRB- `` Thrift Shop '' -RRB- . Their second album , This Unruly Mess I 've Made , was released on February 26 , 2016 . ", "`` Ca n't Hold Us '' is a song written and performed by American hip hop duo Macklemore & Ryan Lewis and singer Ray Dalton , originally released on August 16 , 2011 as the second single from the duo 's debut studio album The Heist -LRB- 2012 -RRB- . The song became a sleeper hit and reached number one on the Billboard Hot 100 , making it their second number-one hit in the United States . It is also their third consecutive number-one single in Australia . The music video was nominated for Best Music Video at the 56th Annual Grammy Awards in 2014 . The song was also listed as `` The Most-Streamed Song of 2013 '' by Spotify . ", "These are the Canadian number-one country songs of 1978 , per the RPM Country Tracks chart . " ]

[ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ]

[ "Pitch_Perfect_2", "Hexatonic_scale", "Lizzie_McGuire-COLON-_Total_Party!", "The_Miserable_Rich", "Get_Ready_for_This" ]

[ "Pitch Perfect 2 is a 2015 American comedy film directed and co-produced by Elizabeth Banks and written by Kay Cannon . It is a sequel to the 2012 film Pitch Perfect and the second installment in the Pitch Perfect series . The film centers on the fictional Barden University and The Bellas , an all-female a cappella singing group . The film features an ensemble cast , including Anna Kendrick , Rebel Wilson , Hailee Steinfeld , Brittany Snow , Alexis Knapp , Hana Mae Lee , Ester Dean , Chrissie Fit , Kelley Jakle and Shelley Regner as The Bellas . It was released on May 15 , 2015 by Universal Pictures . The film grossed over $ 287 million and surpassed the total gross of the original film -LRB- $ 115.4 million -RRB- in five days , and also became the highest-grossing music comedy film of all-time , overtaking School of Rock -LRB- $ 131.3 million -RRB- . A sequel , Pitch Perfect 3 , is set to be released on December 22 , 2017 . ", "In music and music theory , a hexatonic scale is a scale with six pitches or notes per octave . Famous examples include the whole tone scale , C D E F G A C ; the augmented scale , C D E G A B C ; the Prometheus scale , C D E F A B C ; and the blues scale , C E F G G B C . A hexatonic scale can also be formed by stacking perfect fifths , this results in a diatonic scale with one note removed -LRB- for example , A C D E F G -RRB- . ", "The Lizzie McGuire Total Party ! CD is a CD which contains songs aimed at girls , released as a tie-in to the Lizzie McGuire TV series . Almost all of the songs are party songs . It includes hits from Pink , Vitamin C , A * Teens , Jesse McCartney and Atomic Kitten . ", "The Miserable Rich are a chamber pop band , formed in 2007 and based in Brighton , England . The band is known for its distinctive chamber orchestra sound , created using cello and violin as the primary lead instruments , augmented by double bass , acoustic guitar and occasionally piano . They have released three albums : Twelve Ways to Count -LRB- 2008 -RRB- , Of Flight & Fury -LRB- 2010 -RRB- and Miss You in the Days -LRB- 2011 -RRB- ; and a live album , Live in Frankfurt -LRB- 2014 -RRB- . The band 's name came from an experience Will Calderbank and James de Malplaquet had at the wedding of two rich aristocrats . ", "`` Get Ready for This '' is a 1991 song recorded by Dutch group 2 Unlimited . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "Goldie_Hawn", "Seems_Like_Old_Times_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Jim_McKeown_-LRB-racing_driver-RRB-", "Scott_Sommer", "Holden_Brougham" ]

[ "Goldie Jeanne Hawn -LRB- born November 21 , 1945 -RRB- is an American actress , director , producer , and occasional singer . She rose to fame on the NBC sketch comedy program Rowan & Martin 's Laugh-In -LRB- 1968 -- 70 -RRB- before going on to receive the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress and the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress for her performance in Cactus Flower -LRB- 1969 -RRB- . Hawn maintained bankable star status for more than three decades thereafter , appearing in numerous films such as There 's a Girl in My Soup -LRB- 1970 -RRB- , Butterflies Are Free -LRB- 1972 -RRB- , The Sugarland Express -LRB- 1974 -RRB- , Shampoo -LRB- 1975 -RRB- , Foul Play -LRB- 1978 -RRB- , Seems Like Old Times -LRB- 1980 -RRB- , and the title role in Private Benjamin -LRB- 1980 -RRB- , for which she was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress . Hawn 's later work included further film roles , including appearances in Overboard -LRB- 1987 -RRB- , Bird on a Wire -LRB- 1990 -RRB- , Death Becomes Her -LRB- 1992 -RRB- , Housesitter -LRB- 1992 -RRB- , The First Wives Club -LRB- 1996 -RRB- , and The Banger Sisters -LRB- 2002 -RRB- . After a fifteen-year hiatus from film acting , Hawn made her comeback in Snatched -LRB- 2017 -RRB- . She is the mother of actors Oliver Hudson , Kate Hudson and Wyatt Russell , and has been in a relationship with actor Kurt Russell since 1983 . Additionally , in 2003 , she founded The Hawn Foundation , which helps underprivileged children . ", "Seems Like Old Times is a 1980 American comedy film starring Chevy Chase , Goldie Hawn , and Charles Grodin , directed by Jay Sandrich , with Neil Simon as screenwriter . It is the only film directed by Sandrich . After Nick Gardenia -LRB- Chase -RRB- is forced to rob a bank , and becomes a fugitive , he seeks help from his ex-wife Glenda Parks -LRB- Hawn -RRB- , a public defender . Her current husband , Ira Parks -LRB- Grodin -RRB- , is the Los Angeles county district attorney , who harbors a jealous disdain towards Nick . The film was the second pairing of Goldie Hawn and Chevy Chase , after their hugely popular Foul Play from 1978 . ", "Jim McKeown is a retired Australian racing driver who competed in the Australian Touring Car Championship from 1964 to 1972 , with a best finish of 2nd in the 1970 ATCC . McKeown was part of the successful Neptune Racing Team alongside Norm Beechey and Peter Manton . The team later became known as the Shell Racing Team and consisted of McKeown in a Porsche 911S , Beechey in a Holden Monaro GTS350 and Manton in a Morris Cooper S. In addition to the Australian Touring Car Championship , McKeown also competed in the Bathurst 500 and its forerunner at Phillip Island on four occasions . He and George Reynolds took the Class D win at the 1962 Armstrong 500 , five laps off the lead . McKeown drove for the Ford Works Team under Harry Firth in the 1968 Hardie-Ferodo 500 , finishing 42nd with Spencer Martin in the team 's only XT Falcon GT fitted with an automatic transmission . In the 1970s McKeown raced Porsches in the Sports Sedan category , achieving a 2nd-place finish in the 1974 Toby Lee Series at Oran Park . ", "Scott Sommer -LRB- February 20 , 1951 -- November 18 , 1993 -RRB- was an American author . He graduated from Columbia High School -LRB- 1969 -RRB- and Ohio Wesleyan University -LRB- 1973 -RRB- . Scott was the author of four novels and one collection of short stories . 1979 - Nearing 's Grace 1981 - Lifetime -LRB- Collection of Short Stories -RRB- 1982 - Last Resort 1985 - Hazzard 's Head 1989 - Still Lives He was the screenwriter of the film CrissCross starring Goldie Hawn . His novel Nearing 's Grace was made into the 2002 feature film Nearing Grace . He appeared as an extra in an episode of Crossing Delancy and Knots Landing . The Writer 's Voice offered the `` Scott Sommer Fiction Award '' annually until 1999 . The winner received $ 1,000 and a special reading . ", "The Holden Brougham is a large , luxury automobile that was produced by Holden in Australia between July 1968 and 1971 . It was based on the mainstream Holden Premier of the same years , but with a lengthened rear body . The boot was simply extended by 8 in rather than increasing the 111 in wheelbase . The Premier 's four-headlight grille was also kept . The model was a hasty response to Ford Australia 's successful Fairlane . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "The_Last_Song_-LRB-film-RRB-", "The_Last_Mile", "The_Final_Riot!", "As_Time_Goes_By_-LRB-M*A*S*H-RRB-", "The_Last_Play_at_Shea" ]

[ "The Last Song is a 2010 American coming of age teen romantic drama film developed alongside Nicholas Sparks ' 2009 novel of the same name . The film was directed by Julie Anne Robinson in her feature film directorial debut and co-written by Sparks and Jeff Van Wie . The Last Song stars Miley Cyrus , Liam Hemsworth , and Greg Kinnear and follows a troubled teenager as she reconnects with her estranged father and falls in love during a summer in a quiet Southern United States beach town . Sparks was approached to write both the film 's screenplay and the novel . Sparks completed the screenplay in January 2009 , prior to the completion of the novel , making The Last Song his first script to be optioned for film . The setting , originally in North Carolina like the novel , relocated to Georgia after the states had campaigned for months to host production . Upon beginning production in Tybee Island , Georgia and nearby Savannah , The Last Song became the first movie to be both filmed and set in Tybee Island . Filming lasted from June 15 to August 18 , 2009 with much of it occurring on the island 's beach and pier . The Last Song was released by Touchstone Pictures on March 31 , 2010 . Upon release , the film received a negative response from critics , particularly towards its screenplay and casting . ", "The Last Mile may refer to : The Last Mile -LRB- prison rehabilitation program -RRB- , a program for San Quentin State Prison inmates The Last Mile -LRB- play -RRB- , a play by John Wexley The Last Mile -LRB- 1932 film -RRB- , a film adaptation of the play The Last Mile -LRB- 1953 film -RRB- , a documentary film directed by Robert Altman The Last Mile -LRB- 1959 film -RRB- , a film adaptation of the play featuring Mickey Rooney The Last Mile -LRB- 1992 film -RRB- , a 1992 short comedy-drama TV play The Last Mile -LRB- song -RRB- , a 1988 song by the hard rock and glam metal band Cinderella `` The Last Mile '' -LRB- Nico song -RRB- , a 1965 song issued as B-side of `` I 'm Not Sayin ' '' ", "The Final Riot ! is the second official live album by American rock band Paramore and was released on November 25 , 2008 with a bonus DVD containing the full live concert plus behind-the-scenes footage . The DVD was filmed on August 12 , 2008 , at the Congress Theater in Chicago on The Final Riot ! Summer Tour . It contains a documentary entitled `` 40 Days of Riot ! '' , showing the band on tour . It is available in a standard and limited deluxe edition , which includes a 36-color-page booklet of the tour , along with another documentary , 40 MORE Days of Riot ! . ", "`` As Time Goes By '' is the 255th episode of M * A * S * H , airing on February 21 -LRB- first-run -RRB- and September 12 -LRB- repeat -RRB- , 1983 , and the last episode filmed . As it was the final episode filmed they took a moment to pay tribute to the characters -LRB- except for Trapper John McIntyre -RRB- who had left the series before its conclusion . It also introduces the character of Soon-Lee , who would play a vital role in the series ' final episode and the short-lived spin-off AfterMASH . The episode is dedicated to Connie Izay , RN , one of the show 's medical advisors . Although this was the penultimate episode of the series , it was the final episode that was produced with , wrapping January 14 , 1983 at exactly 6:05 PM . The series finale was filmed earlier in the production of that season . ", "The Last Play at Shea is a 2010 documentary film written by Mark Monroe , directed by Paul Crowder , produced by Steve Cohen and Nigel Sinclair , in conjunction with Billy Joel 's Maritime Pictures and Spitfire Films . The film is centered on Billy Joel 's 2008 concerts of the same name that occurred at Shea Stadium . The shows were staged on July 16 and 18 , 2008 , before a combined 110,000 fans , and were the last performances ever to play the historic stadium before it was demolished . The film debuted at the Tribeca Film Festival on April 26 , 2010 . The film was released on DVD on February 8 , 2011 . The CD and DVD from the show were released on March 8 , 2011 by Sony . The film premiered on August 21 , 2010 at Citi Field , Shea Stadium 's successor , in front of around 20,000 moviegoers . Earlier that day , Joel watched it himself and there was an announcement from him that he liked it and said `` I have n't puked from it , '' which was shown right before the film . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Georgians", "Colchis", "Kingdom_of_Iberia", "Èrs_people", "Alazani_-LRB-wine-RRB-" ]

[ "The Georgians or Kartvelians -LRB- -LSB- ქართველები , tr -RSB- -RRB- are a nation and ethnic group who constitute a majority of the population in Georgia . Large Georgian communities are also present throughout Russia , Turkey , Greece , Iran , Ukraine , United States , and to a lesser extent throughout the European Union . Georgians arose from the ancient Colchian and Iberian civilizations . After Christianization of Iberia by Saint Nino they became one of the first who embraced the faith of Jesus in the early 4th century and now the majority of Georgians are Eastern Orthodox Christians and most follow their national autocephalous Georgian Orthodox Church . There are also small Georgian Catholic and Muslim communities in Tbilisi and Adjara , as well as a significant number of irreligious Georgians . A complex process of nation formation has resulted in a diverse set of geographic subgroups of Georgians , each with its characteristic traditions , manners , dialects and , in the case of Svans and Mingrelians , own regional languages . The Georgian language , with its own unique writing system and extensive written tradition , which goes back to the 5th century , is the official language of Georgia as well as the language of education of all Georgians living in the country . Located on the crossroads of predominantly Christian Europe and Muslim Western Asia , Georgian people have maintained their Christian identity in the face of great pressure from neighboring Muslim empires . By the early 11th century they formed a unified Kingdom of Georgia and inaugurated the Georgian Golden Age , a height of political and cultural power of the nation . This lasted until being weakened by Mongol invasions , as well as internal divisions following the death of George V the Brilliant , the last of the great kings of Georgia . Thereafter and throughout the early modern period Georgians became politically fractured and fell into decline due to the onslaught of various hostile empires , including the Ottoman Empire and successive dynasties of Persia . To ensure Georgia 's survival , in 1783 Heraclius II of Georgia forged an alliance with the Russian Empire , which Georgians viewed as a replacement for their fallen traditional ally -- Byzantine Empire . The Russo-Georgian alliance , however , backfired as Russia was unwilling to fulfill the terms of the treaty , proceeding to annex the troubled kingdom in 1801 . Georgians briefly reasserted their independence from Russia under the First Georgian Republic from 1918-1921 , and finally , in 1991 from the Soviet Union . ", "Colchis -LRB- -LSB- ˈkɒlkɪs -RSB- კოლხეთი Kolkheti ; Greek Κολχίς Kolkhis -RRB- was an ancient kingdom and region on the coast of the Black Sea , centered in present-day western Georgia . It has been described in modern scholarship as `` the earliest Georgian formation '' which , along with the Kingdom of Iberia , would later contribute significantly to the development of the medieval Georgian statehood and the Georgian nation . Internationally , Colchis is perhaps best known for its role in Greek mythology , most notably as the destination of the Argonauts , as well as the home to Medea and the Golden fleece . It was also described as a land rich with gold , iron , timber and honey that would export it 's resources mostly to ancient Greece . Colchis was populated by Colchians , an early Kartvelian-speaking tribe , ancestral to the contemporary Western Georgians , namely Svans and Mingrelians , as well as the related Lazs . Its geography is mostly assigned to what is now the western part of Georgia and encompasses the present-day Georgian provinces of Samegrelo , Imereti , Guria , Adjara , Abkhazeti , Svaneti , Racha ; modern Russia 's Sochi and Tuapse districts ; and present-day Turkey 's Rize , Trabzon and Artvin provinces . ", "In Greco-Roman geography , Iberia -LRB- Ancient Greek : Ἰβηρία Hiberia -RRB- was an exonymic name for a Georgian kingdom of Kartli , known after its core province , which during Classical Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages was a significant monarchy in the Caucasus , either as an independent state or as a dependent of larger empires , notably the Sassanid and Roman empires . Iberia , centered on present-day Eastern Georgia , was bordered by Colchis in the west , Caucasian Albania in the east and Armenia in the south . Its population , the Iberians , formed the nucleus of the Georgians -LRB- Kartvelians -RRB- . Iberia , ruled by Pharnavazid , Arsacid and Chosroid royal dynasties , together with Colchis to its west , would form the nucleus of the unified medieval Kingdom of Georgia under Bagrationi dynasty . In the 4th century , after Christianization of Iberia by Saint Nino during the reign of King Mirian III Christiantity was made the state religion of the kingdom . Starting in the early 6th century AD , the kingdom 's position as a Sassanian vassal state was changed into effectively direct Persian rule . In 580 , king Hormizd IV -LRB- 578-590 -RRB- abolished the monarchy after the death of King Bakur III , and Iberia became a Persian province ruled by a marzpan -LRB- governor -RRB- . The term `` Caucasian Iberia '' is also being used to distinguish it from the Iberian Peninsula in Western Europe . ", "The Èr people , also known as Èrsh or -LRB- in Georgian works -RRB- the Hers , are a hypothetical ancient people inhabiting northern modern Armenia , and to an extent , small areas of northeast Turkey , southern Georgia , and northwest Azerbaijan . Most of their history is constructed based on archaeological and linguistic -LRB- primarily based on placenames , with some elements -RRB- data , compared to historical trends in the region and historical writings , such as the Georgian Chronicles or the Armenian Chronicles , as well as a couple notes made by Strabo . They were a constituent of the state of Urartu , which either incorporated or conquered them during the 8th century BCE . Their relation to the main Urartians -LRB- who were probably ethnically separate from them , judging from place names -RRB- is unknown . Linguistically , based on placenames , they are thought to have been a Nakh people . ", "Alazani wine takes its name from one of Alazani River -LRB- ალაზანი , Qanıx -RRB- , which forms part of the Georgian border with Azerbaijan in eastern Georgia , before flowing into the Kura River . As a result of the slightly warmer climate in the Alazani Valley , grapes grown there are sweeter than elsewhere in Georgia . This wine is made from Rkatsiteli grapes -LRB- Georgian რქაწითელი ; literally `` red stem '' -RRB- . This is one of the oldest variety of grapes in Georgia , with archaeologists having unearthed examples in clay jars from the 3rd millennium BC . Recently Rkatsiteli grapes have been planted in Eastern Europe , the Finger Lakes region of New York and Australia . It has a semi-sweet flavor with light fruit tones and a straw color that darkens as the wine ages . Alazani white wine goes well with fruit , nuts and deserts . " ]

[ 1, 1, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Ang_Lee", "King_Kong_Lee", "Waise_Lee", "Lee_Lik-chi", "Lee_Wai_Lun" ]

[ "Ang Lee OBS -LRB- ; born October 23 , 1954 -RRB- is a Taiwanese film director , screenwriter and producer . Lee 's earlier films , such as The Wedding Banquet , Pushing Hands , and Eat Drink Man Woman explored the relationships and conflicts between tradition and modernity , Eastern and Western . Lee also deals with repressed , hidden emotions in many of his films , including Crouching Tiger , Hidden Dragon ; The Ice Storm ; Hulk ; and Brokeback Mountain . Lee 's work is known for its emotional charge , which critics believe is responsible for his success in offsetting cultural barriers and achieving international recognition . ", "Not to be confused with King Kong Lam Lee Hsin Chiao , known professionally by his stage name King Kong Lee , is a Taiwanese actor and comedian . He hosted the popular Super Trio series and has played some notable roles in some dramas such as No Regrets as a Japanese general . ", "Waise Lee Chi-hung -LRB- born 19 December 1959 -RRB- is a Hong Kong film and television actor best known for playing the roles of villains and antagonists in various films . ", "Lee Lik-chi -LRB- born May 10 , 1961 -RRB- is a Hong Kong-based actor , film director and screenplay writer . He is best known for his collaborations with Stephen Chow . He is also an active contributor to local education , lecturing and organizing filmmaking programs to students . ", "Lee Wai Lun -LRB- , born March 7 , 1981 in Hong Kong -RRB- is a retired Hong Kong footballer who last played as a defender for Hong Kong First Division side Sun Pegasus . He was a member of Hong Kong national football team . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "The_Book_of_Mormon_-LRB-musical-RRB-", "Once_Upon_a_Christmas_-LRB-Mormon_Tabernacle_Choir_album-RRB-", "52nd_Annual_Grammy_Awards", "My_Christmas", "Big_Bang_-LRB-Magdallan_album-RRB-" ]

[ "The Book of Mormon is a musical comedy about two young Mormon missionaries who travel to Africa to preach the Mormon religion . First staged in 2011 , the play satirizes various Mormon beliefs and practices . The script , lyrics , and music were written by Robert Lopez , Trey Parker , and Matt Stone . Best known for creating the animated comedy South Park , Parker and Stone co-created the music with Lopez , the co-composer/co-lyricist of Avenue Q , and , subsequently , Frozen . The Book of Mormon follows two Mormon missionaries as they attempt to share their scriptures with the inhabitants of a remote Ugandan village . The earnest young men are challenged by the lack of interest of the locals , who are preoccupied with more pressing troubles such as AIDS , famine , and oppression from the local warlord . In 2003 , Trey Parker , Robert Lopez , and Matt Stone began developing the musical , meeting sporadically for several years after Parker and Stone saw Avenue Q. Parker and Stone grew up in Colorado , and references to The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints had been commonplace in their previous works . For research , the trio took a trip to Salt Lake City to meet with current and former Mormon missionaries . Beginning in 2008 , developmental workshops were staged . The show 's producer , Scott Rudin , opted to open the show directly on Broadway . The show opened on Broadway in March 2011 , after nearly seven years of development . The LDS Church issued a polite , measured response to the musical , and purchased advertising space in its playbill in later runs . The Book of Mormon garnered overwhelmingly positive critical responses , and set records in ticket sales for the Eugene O'Neill Theatre . The show was awarded nine Tony Awards , one of which was for Best Musical , and a Grammy Award for Best Musical Theater Album . The original Broadway cast recording became the highest-charting Broadway cast album in over four decades , reaching number three on the Billboard charts . In 2013 , the musical premiered in the West End . Since then , it has staged two US national tours . An Australian production opened in Melbourne and a Swedish production opened in Stockholm in 2017 . ", "Once Upon a Christmas was recorded during the Mormon Tabernacle Choir 's 2011 Christmas shows in the LDS Conference Center with special guests Jane Seymour and Nathan Gunn . The album was released on September 4 , 2012 along with a concert DVD . A book titled Good King Wenceslas illustrated by Omar Rayyan and accompanying DVD featuring Jane Seymour introducing and narrating the story also released in conjunction with the album release . The recorded concert was broadcast on PBS during December 2012 to more than 4 million Americans . ", "The 52nd Annual Grammy Awards took place on January 31 , 2010 , at Staples Center in Los Angeles . Neil Young was honored as the 2010 MusiCares Person of the Year on January 29 , two days prior to the Grammy telecast . The show was moved to January to avoid competing against the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver . Only ten of the 109 awards were received during the broadcast . The remaining awards were given during the un-televised portion of the ceremony which preceded the broadcast . Beyoncé , who also received the most nominations , with ten , won a total of six awards breaking the record for most wins by a female artist in one night . Taylor Swift won four while The Black Eyed Peas , Jay-Z and Kings of Leon won three . Artists who won two awards include A. R. Rahman , Colbie Caillat , Eminem , Kanye West , Lady Gaga , Maxwell , Jason Mraz and Rihanna . Judas Priest , AC/DC , and Imogen Heap each won a Grammy for the first time in their careers . Taylor Swift 's Fearless was awarded the Grammy Award for Album of the Year , the youngest to win the award at age 20 . `` Use Somebody '' by rock band Kings of Leon won the Grammy Award for Record of the Year , while `` Single Ladies '' by songwriters Thaddis Harrell , Beyoncé Knowles , Terius Nash and Christopher Stewart , was honored with Grammy Award for Song of the Year . Zac Brown Band was presented with the Grammy Award for Best New Artist , becoming the fourth country music act to ever win the award . They follow behind LeAnn Rimes in 1997 , Shelby Lynne in 2001 and Carrie Underwood in 2007 . ", "My Christmas is the thirteenth studio album and first Christmas album released by Italian tenor Andrea Bocelli . The album is a compilation of seasonal holiday favorites , mainly in English , with a few selections in Italian , German , and French , produced by multiple Grammy Award winner David Foster , containing duets with Mary J. Blige , Natalie Cole , Reba McEntire , Katherine Jenkins , The Mormon Tabernacle Choir , and The Muppets . It also includes `` God Bless Us Everyone '' , the only original song of the album , which Bocelli recorded for the closing of the 2009 film , A Christmas Carol . A Spanish version of the album , called Mi Navidad , was released November 23 , 2009 , and a PBS Christmas special of the album , filmed in the Kodak Theatre , was released on DVD December 8 , 2010 , after airing on PBS stations nationwide . With over 2.2 million copies sold in the last two months of 2009 in the United States alone , the album was the best-selling holiday album of the year , and one of the best-selling albums of 2009 , with worldwide sales exceeding 5 million copies . As of November 2014 , My Christmas has sold over 3,010,000 copies in the United States , making it one of the best-selling holiday albums in the United States , since Nielsen SoundScan tracking music sales tracking began in 1991 . ", "Big Bang is the debut album by the American metal band Magdallan , released in 1992 through Intense Records . Big Bang was nominated for one GMA Dove Award for Best Metal/Hard Rock Album in 1992 , but did not win . " ]

[ 1, 0, 1, 1, 0 ]

[ "Golf", "Valspar_Championship", "Lawn_game", "Golf_club", "The_Championships,_Wimbledon" ]

[ "Golf is a club and ball sport in which players use various clubs to hit balls into a series of holes on a course in as few strokes as possible . Golf , unlike most ball games , can not and does not utilize a standardized playing area . The game is played on a course with an arranged progression of 18 holes . Each hole on the course must contain a tee box to start from , and a putting green containing the actual hole or cup -LRB- 4.25 inches in width -RRB- . There are other standard forms of terrain in between , such as the fairway , rough -LRB- long grass -RRB- , sand traps , and hazards -LRB- water , rocks , fescue -RRB- but each hole on a course is unique in its specific layout and arrangement . Golf is played for the lowest number of strokes by an individual , known as stroke play , or the lowest score on the most individual holes in a complete round by an individual or team , known as match play . Stroke play is the most commonly seen format at all levels . ", "The Valspar Championship is a professional golf tournament in Florida on the PGA Tour , played annually on the Copperhead Course at Innisbrook Resort and Golf Club in Palm Harbor , northwest of Tampa . ", "A lawn game is an outdoor game that can be played on a lawn . Many types and variations of lawn games exist , which includes games that use balls and the throwing of objects as their primary means of gameplay . Some lawn games are historical in nature , having been devised and played in different forms for centuries . Some lawn games are traditionally played on a pitch -LRB- sports field -RRB- . Some companies produce and market lawn games for home use in a front or backyard . ", "A golf club is a club used to hit a golf ball in a game of golf . Each club is composed of a shaft with a grip and a club head . Woods are mainly used for long-distance fairway or tee shots ; irons , the most versatile class , are used for a variety of shots ; hybrids that combine design elements of woods and irons are becoming increasingly popular ; putters are used mainly on the green to roll the ball into the hole . A standard set consists of 14 golf clubs , and while there are traditional combinations sold at retail as matched sets , players are free to use any combination of 14 or fewer legal clubs . An important variation in different clubs is loft , or the angle between the club 's face and the vertical plane . It is loft that is the primary determinant of the ascending trajectory of the golf ball , with the tangential angle of the club head 's swing arc at impact being a secondary and relatively minor consideration -LRB- though these small changes in swing angle can nevertheless have a significant influence on launch angle when using low-lofted clubs -RRB- . The impact of the club compresses the ball , while grooves on the club face give the ball backspin . Together , the compression and backspin create lift . The majority of woods and irons are labeled with a number ; higher numbers indicate shorter shafts and higher lofts , which give the ball a higher and shorter trajectory . ", "The Championships , Wimbledon , commonly known simply as Wimbledon , is the oldest tennis tournament in the world , and is widely considered the most prestigious . It has been held at the All England Club in Wimbledon , London , since 1877 and is played on outdoor grass courts . Wimbledon is one of the four Grand Slam tennis tournaments , the others being the Australian Open , the French Open and the US Open . Since the Australian Open shifted to hardcourt in 1988 , Wimbledon is the only major still played on grass . The tournament takes place over two weeks in late June and early July , culminating with the Ladies ' and Gentlemen 's Singles Final , scheduled for the second Saturday and Sunday of July respectively . Five major , junior , and invitational events are held each year . Wimbledon traditions include a strict dress code for competitors and Royal patronage . The tournament is also notable for the absence of sponsor advertising around the courts . In 2009 , Wimbledon 's Centre Court was fitted with a retractable roof to lessen the loss of playing time due to rain . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "Jenny_McCarthy", "Jenny_Hanley", "Jenny_Miller", "Stephanie_Morgenstern", "Jenny_Spangler" ]

[ "Jennifer Ann McCarthy -LRB- born November 1 , 1972 -RRB- , credited as Jenny McCarthy and Jenny Wahlberg , is an American actress , model , television host , author , screenwriter , and anti-vaccine activist . She began her career in 1993 as a nude model for Playboy magazine and was later named their Playmate of the Year . McCarthy then parlayed her Playboy fame into a television and film acting career starting as a co-host on the MTV game show Singled Out , then some eponymous sitcoms , as well as films such as BASEketball , Diamonds , Scream 3 , and Santa Baby . She is a former co-host of the ABC talk show The View . McCarthy has written books about parenting and has become an activist promoting research into environmental causes and alternative medical treatments for autism . She has promoted the idea that vaccines cause autism and that chelation therapy helped cure her son of autism . Both claims are unsupported by medical consensus , and her son 's autism diagnosis has been questioned . McCarthy has been described as `` the nation 's most prominent purveyor of anti-vaxxer ideology '' , but she has denied the charge , stating : `` I am not anti-vaccine '' . ", "Jenny Hanley -LRB- born 15 August 1947 in Gerrards Cross , Buckinghamshire -RRB- is an English actress , the daughter of Dinah Sheridan and Jimmy Hanley . She remains best known for being one of the presenters of the ITV children 's magazine programme Magpie . ", "Jenny Miller -LRB- born February 8 , 1980 -RRB- is a Filipino actress . She is known on her role as Beverly Castro in the TV remake of the 1989 film Babangon Ako ' t Dudurugin Kita that aired on GMA Network in 2008 and she is under contract of GMA Artist Center . ", "Stéphanie Grace Morgenstern -LRB- born December 10 , 1965 -RRB- is a Canadian actress , filmmaker , and screenwriter for television and film . Born to a Canadian family in Geneva , Switzerland and raised in Montreal , Quebec , Morgenstern began her acting career when she was 15 . She has worked extensively on stage , film , and television in both English and French . Her most widely seen feature film credits have been The Sweet Hereafter , Maelstrom , Revoir Julie and Forbidden Love . Along with her writing partner and husband Mark Ellis , Morgenstern created Flashpoint , a Canadian TV police drama which premiered July 2008 on CTV and CBS , and ran for five years before the show ended by creative choice in 2013 . The show was awarded the Academy Board of Directors Tribute for Outstanding and Enduring Contribution to Canadian Television , in addition to a Canadian Screen Award -LRB- 2009 -RRB- and Gemini Award -LRB- 2013 -RRB- for Best Dramatic Series . She and Mark Ellis are now in development with two new television dramas . Morgenstern has been twice nominated for Genie -LRB- Canadian Academy -RRB- Awards for directing the short film Remembrance , which she also co-wrote and co-starred in with her husband Mark Ellis , and co-directing -LRB- with her brother Mark Morgenstern -RRB- the short film Curtains , which she also wrote and played the lead in . Morgenstern is also widely recognized by anime fans as the original voice of Sailor Venus in the DIC Entertainment English dub of Sailor Moon in the first two seasons as well as the movies , and provides the voice for Yin in the Disney cartoon Yin Yang Yo ! . ", "Jenny Spangler -LRB- born July 20 , 1963 -RRB- is an American long-distance runner . She competed in the women 's marathon at the 1996 Summer Olympics . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 0 ]

[ "Practical_Magic", "Alice_Hoffman", "A_Fine_Magic", "The_Magic_Numbers_-LRB-album-RRB-", "The_Magical_Brush" ]

[ "Practical Magic is a 1998 American romantic comedy film based on the 1995 novel of the same name by Alice Hoffman . The film was directed by Griffin Dunne and stars Sandra Bullock , Nicole Kidman , Stockard Channing , Dianne Wiest , Aidan Quinn , and Goran Visnjic . The film score was composed by Alan Silvestri . Bullock and Kidman play sisters Sally and Gillian Owens , who have always known they were different from each other . Raised by their aunts after their parents ' death , the sisters grew up in a household that was anything but typical -- their aunts fed them chocolate cake for breakfast and taught them the uses of practical magic . But the invocation of the Owens ' sorcery also carries a price -- some call it a curse : the men they fall in love with are doomed to an untimely death . Now adult women with very different personalities , the quiet Sally and the fiery Gillian must use all of their powers to fight the family curse and a swarm of supernatural forces that could take away all the Owens ' lives . ", "Alice Hoffman -LRB- born March 16 , 1952 -RRB- is an American novelist and young-adult and children 's writer , best known for her 1995 novel Practical Magic , which was adapted for a 1998 film of the same name . Many of her works fall into the genre of magic realism and contain elements of magic , irony , and non-standard romances and relationships . ", "`` A Fine Magic '' is a 2006 fantasy short story by Margo Lanagan . ", "The Magic Numbers is the self-titled debut album from The Magic Numbers . It was nominated for a Mercury Music Prize in 2005 . Songwriting duties were taken by Romeo Stodart as was much of the musical composition and arrangement . It incorporated the earlier single release of `` Hymn for Her '' as a hidden track . The album incorporates many folk elements within the main indie sound which resounds throughout . The album also reflects many elements of the writers early childhood dreams , tales of their love life and desperation of youth . For example , `` Love Me Like You '' , the best known single of the album , illustrates the difference of feeling in their love for each other . ", "The Magical Brush -LRB- Chinese : 神笔马良 -RRB- is a 2014 Chinese animated fantasy film directed by Frankie Chung . It was released on 25 July 2014 . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Boeing_787_Dreamliner", "Boeing_767", "Flatliners_-LRB-2017_film-RRB-", "1997_in_film", "Boeing_X-48" ]

[ "The Boeing 787 Dreamliner is an American long-haul , mid-size widebody , twin-engine jet airliner made by Boeing Commercial Airplanes . Its variants seat 242 to 335 passengers in typical three-class seating configurations . It is a pioneering airliner with the use of composite materials as the primary material in the construction of its airframe . The 787 was designed to be 20 % more fuel efficient than the Boeing 767 , which it was intended to replace . The 787 Dreamliner 's distinguishing features include mostly electrical flight systems , raked wingtips , and noise-reducing chevrons on its engine nacelles . It shares a common type rating with the larger Boeing 777 to allow qualified pilots to operate both models . The aircraft 's initial designation was the 7E7 , prior to its renaming in January 2005 . The first 787 was unveiled in a roll-out ceremony on July 8 , 2007 at Boeing 's Everett factory . Development and production of the 787 has involved a large-scale collaboration with numerous suppliers worldwide . Final assembly takes place at the Boeing Everett Factory in Everett , Washington , and at the Boeing South Carolina factory in North Charleston , South Carolina . Originally planned to enter service in May 2008 , the project experienced multiple delays . The airliner 's maiden flight took place on December 15 , 2009 , and completed flight testing in mid-2011 . Boeing has reportedly spent $ 32 billion on the 787 program . Final US Federal Aviation Administration -LRB- FAA -RRB- and European Aviation Safety Agency -LRB- EASA -RRB- type certification was received in August 2011 and the first 787-8 was delivered in September 2011 . It entered commercial service on October 26 , 2011 with launch customer All Nippon Airways . The stretched 787-9 variant , which is 20 ft longer and can fly 450 nmi farther than the -8 , first flew in September 2013 . Deliveries of the 787-9 began in July 2014 ; it entered commercial service on August 7 , 2014 with All Nippon Airways , with 787-9 launch customer Air New Zealand following two days later . As of April 2017 , the 787 had orders for 1,213 aircraft from 64 customers , with All Nippon Airways having the largest number on order . The aircraft has suffered from several in-service problems , including fires on board related to its lithium-ion batteries . These systems were reviewed by both the FAA and the Japan Civil Aviation Bureau . The FAA issued a directive in January 2013 that grounded all 787s in the US and other civil aviation authorities followed suit . After Boeing completed tests on a revised battery design , the FAA approved the revised design and lifted the grounding in April 2013 ; the 787 returned to passenger service later that month . ", "The Boeing 767 is a mid - to large-size , long-range , wide-body twin-engine jet airliner built by Boeing Commercial Airplanes . It was Boeing 's first wide-body twinjet and its first airliner with a two-crew glass cockpit . The aircraft has two turbofan engines , a conventional tail , and , for reduced aerodynamic drag , a supercritical wing design . Designed as a smaller wide-body airliner than earlier aircraft such as the 747 , the 767 has seating capacity for 181 to 375 people , and a design range of 3850 to , depending on variant . Development of the 767 occurred in tandem with a narrow-body twinjet , the 757 , resulting in shared design features which allow pilots to obtain a common type rating to operate both aircraft . The 767 is produced in three fuselage lengths . The original 767-200 entered service in 1982 , followed by the 767-300 in 1986 and the 767-400ER , an extended-range -LRB- ER -RRB- variant , in 2000 . The extended-range 767-200ER and 767-300ER models entered service in 1984 and 1988 , respectively , while a production freighter version , the 767-300F , debuted in 1995 . Conversion programs have modified passenger 767-200 and 767-300 series aircraft for cargo use , while military derivatives include the E-767 surveillance aircraft , the KC-767 and KC-46 aerial tankers , and VIP transports . Engines featured on the 767 include the General Electric CF6 , Pratt & Whitney JT9D and PW4000 , and Rolls-Royce RB211 turbofans . United Airlines first placed the 767 in commercial service in 1982 . The aircraft was initially flown on domestic and transcontinental routes , during which it demonstrated the reliability of its twinjet design . In 1985 , the 767 became the first twin-engined airliner to receive regulatory approval for extended overseas flights . The aircraft was then used to expand non-stop service on medium - to long-haul intercontinental routes . In 1986 , Boeing initiated studies for a higher-capacity 767 , ultimately leading to the development of the 777 , a larger wide-body twinjet . In the 1990s , the 767 became the most frequently used airliner for transatlantic flights between North America and Europe . The 767 is the first twinjet wide-body type to reach 1,000 aircraft delivered . As of April 2017 , Boeing has received 1,204 orders for the 767 from 74 customers ; 1,098 have been delivered . A total of 742 of these aircraft were in service in July 2016 ; the most popular variant is the 767-300ER , with 583 delivered ; Delta Air Lines is the largest operator , with 91 aircraft . Competitors have included the Airbus A300 , A310 , and A330-200 , while a successor , the 787 Dreamliner , entered service in October 2011 . Despite this , the 767 still remains in production . ", "Flatliners is an upcoming 2017 American science fiction psychological horror film directed by Niels Arden Oplev and written by Ben Ripley . The film is a sequel to the 1990 film of the same name , and stars Ellen Page , Diego Luna , Nina Dobrev , James Norton , Kiersey Clemons , and Kiefer Sutherland -LRB- who starred in the original film -RRB- . Screen Gems will release the film on September 29 , 2017 , 27 years after the release of the original film . ", "The year 1997 in film involved many significant films , including the blockbuster success Titanic , and the beginning of the film studio DreamWorks . ", "The Boeing X-48 is an American experimental unmanned aerial vehicle -LRB- UAV -RRB- built to investigate the characteristics of blended wing body -LRB- BWB -RRB- aircraft , a type of flying wing . Boeing designed the X-48 and two examples were built by Cranfield Aerospace in the UK . Boeing began flight testing the X-48B version for NASA in 2007 . The X-48B was later modified into the X-48C version , which was flight tested from August 2012 to April 2013 . Boeing and NASA plan to develop a larger BWB demonstrator . " ]

[ 0, 0, 2, 0, 2 ]

[ "Karimunjava", "Java", "Island", "Thousand_Islands_-LRB-Indonesia-RRB-", "Banten" ]

[ "Crimon Java Islands or Karimunjava Islands -LRB- Indonesian : Kepulauan Karimunjawa -RRB- is an archipelago of 27 islands in the Java Sea , Indonesia , approximately 80 kilometres northwest of Jepara . The islands ' name means ' a stone 's throw from Java ' in Javanese . They have a total land area of 78 km2 . The main island is known as Karimun -LRB- 2,700 ha -RRB- , while the second-largest island is Kemujan -LRB- 1,400 ha -RRB- . In 2011 , the population of the island group was about 9,000 who lived on five of the islands . The population is largely Javanese , with pockets of Bugis and Madurese inhabitants . Javanese culture is dominant in the islands which are the only islands off Java where Javanese is the lingua franca . Twenty-two of the islands have been declared 2001 as a marine reserve , the Karimunjava National Park . Five more islands are either privately owned or are under the control of the Indonesian Navy . ", "Java -LRB- Indonesian : Jawa ; Javanese : ꦗꦮ ; Sundanese : -RRB- is an island of Indonesia . With a population of over 141 million -LRB- the island itself -RRB- or 145 million -LRB- the administrative region -RRB- Census released in December 2015 , Java is home to 56.7 percent of the Indonesian population and is the most populous island on Earth . The Indonesian capital city , Jakarta , is located on western Java . Much of Indonesian history took place on Java . It was the center of powerful Hindu-Buddhist empires , the Islamic sultanates , and the core of the colonial Dutch East Indies . Java was also the center of the Indonesian struggle for independence during the 1930s and 1940s . Java dominates Indonesia politically , economically and culturally . Formed mostly as the result of volcanic eruptions , Java is the 13th largest island in the world and the fifth largest in Indonesia . A chain of volcanic mountains forms an east -- west spine along the island . Three main languages are spoken on the island : Javanese , Sundanese , and Madurese . Of these , Javanese is the dominant ; it is the native language of about 60 million people in Indonesia , most of whom live on Java . Furthermore , most residents are bilingual , speaking Indonesian -LRB- the official language of Indonesia -RRB- as their first or second language . While the majority of the people of Java are Muslim , Java has a diverse mixture of religious beliefs , ethnicities , and cultures . Java is divided into four provinces , West Java , Central Java , East Java , and Banten , and two special regions , Jakarta and Yogyakarta . ", "An island or isle is any piece of sub-continental land that is surrounded by water . Very small islands such as emergent land features on atolls can be called islets , skerries , cays or keys . An island in a river or a lake island may be called an eyot or ait , and a small island off the coast may be called a holm . A grouping of geographically or geologically related islands is called an archipelago , e.g. the Philippines . An island may be described as such , despite the presence of an artificial land bridge ; examples are Singapore and its causeway , and the various Dutch delta islands , such as IJsselmonde . Some places may even retain `` island '' in their names for historical reasons after being connected to a larger landmass by a land bridge or landfill , such as Coney Island and Coronado Island , though these are strictly tied islands . Conversely , when a piece of land is separated from the mainland by a man-made canal , for example the Peloponnese by the Corinth Canal or Marble Hill in northern Manhattan during the time between the building of the United States Ship Canal and the filling-in of the Harlem River which surrounded the area , it is generally not considered an island . There are two main types of islands in the sea : continental and oceanic . There are also artificial islands . ", "The Thousand Islands -LRB- officially Kepulauan Seribu -RRB- are a chain of islands to the north of Jakarta 's coast . It forms the only regency of Jakarta , the capital of Indonesia . It consists of a string of 110 islands stretching 45 km north into the Java Sea at West Jakarta Bay and in fact north of Banten Province . A decree states that 36 islands may be used for recreation . Of these , only 13 islands are fully developed : 11 islands are homes to resorts and two islands are historic parks . 23 are privately owned and are not open to the public . The rest of the islands are either uninhabited or support a fishing village . ", "Banten is the westernmost province on the island of Java , in Indonesia . The provincial capital city is Serang . The population of Banten was officially estimated at 11,834,087 at the start of 2014 , up from over 10.6 million during the 2010 census . Formerly part of the province of West Java , Banten became a separate province in 2000 . The province is a transit corridor to the neighbouring Indonesian island of Sumatra . Historically , it has had a culture distinct from the rest of Java and that of the broader Indonesian archipelago . In recent years , the northern half , particularly those areas near Jakarta and the Java Sea coast , have experienced rapid rises in population and urbanization , while the southern half , particularly that facing the Indian Ocean , maintains more of its traditional character . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 2, 2 ]

[ "Karimunjava", "Java", "Island", "Thousand_Islands_-LRB-Indonesia-RRB-", "Banten" ]

[ "Crimon Java Islands or Karimunjava Islands -LRB- Indonesian : Kepulauan Karimunjawa -RRB- is an archipelago of 27 islands in the Java Sea , Indonesia , approximately 80 kilometres northwest of Jepara . The islands ' name means ' a stone 's throw from Java ' in Javanese . They have a total land area of 78 km2 . The main island is known as Karimun -LRB- 2,700 ha -RRB- , while the second-largest island is Kemujan -LRB- 1,400 ha -RRB- . In 2011 , the population of the island group was about 9,000 who lived on five of the islands . The population is largely Javanese , with pockets of Bugis and Madurese inhabitants . Javanese culture is dominant in the islands which are the only islands off Java where Javanese is the lingua franca . Twenty-two of the islands have been declared 2001 as a marine reserve , the Karimunjava National Park . Five more islands are either privately owned or are under the control of the Indonesian Navy . ", "Java -LRB- Indonesian : Jawa ; Javanese : ꦗꦮ ; Sundanese : -RRB- is an island of Indonesia . With a population of over 141 million -LRB- the island itself -RRB- or 145 million -LRB- the administrative region -RRB- Census released in December 2015 , Java is home to 56.7 percent of the Indonesian population and is the most populous island on Earth . The Indonesian capital city , Jakarta , is located on western Java . Much of Indonesian history took place on Java . It was the center of powerful Hindu-Buddhist empires , the Islamic sultanates , and the core of the colonial Dutch East Indies . Java was also the center of the Indonesian struggle for independence during the 1930s and 1940s . Java dominates Indonesia politically , economically and culturally . Formed mostly as the result of volcanic eruptions , Java is the 13th largest island in the world and the fifth largest in Indonesia . A chain of volcanic mountains forms an east -- west spine along the island . Three main languages are spoken on the island : Javanese , Sundanese , and Madurese . Of these , Javanese is the dominant ; it is the native language of about 60 million people in Indonesia , most of whom live on Java . Furthermore , most residents are bilingual , speaking Indonesian -LRB- the official language of Indonesia -RRB- as their first or second language . While the majority of the people of Java are Muslim , Java has a diverse mixture of religious beliefs , ethnicities , and cultures . Java is divided into four provinces , West Java , Central Java , East Java , and Banten , and two special regions , Jakarta and Yogyakarta . ", "An island or isle is any piece of sub-continental land that is surrounded by water . Very small islands such as emergent land features on atolls can be called islets , skerries , cays or keys . An island in a river or a lake island may be called an eyot or ait , and a small island off the coast may be called a holm . A grouping of geographically or geologically related islands is called an archipelago , e.g. the Philippines . An island may be described as such , despite the presence of an artificial land bridge ; examples are Singapore and its causeway , and the various Dutch delta islands , such as IJsselmonde . Some places may even retain `` island '' in their names for historical reasons after being connected to a larger landmass by a land bridge or landfill , such as Coney Island and Coronado Island , though these are strictly tied islands . Conversely , when a piece of land is separated from the mainland by a man-made canal , for example the Peloponnese by the Corinth Canal or Marble Hill in northern Manhattan during the time between the building of the United States Ship Canal and the filling-in of the Harlem River which surrounded the area , it is generally not considered an island . There are two main types of islands in the sea : continental and oceanic . There are also artificial islands . ", "The Thousand Islands -LRB- officially Kepulauan Seribu -RRB- are a chain of islands to the north of Jakarta 's coast . It forms the only regency of Jakarta , the capital of Indonesia . It consists of a string of 110 islands stretching 45 km north into the Java Sea at West Jakarta Bay and in fact north of Banten Province . A decree states that 36 islands may be used for recreation . Of these , only 13 islands are fully developed : 11 islands are homes to resorts and two islands are historic parks . 23 are privately owned and are not open to the public . The rest of the islands are either uninhabited or support a fishing village . ", "Banten is the westernmost province on the island of Java , in Indonesia . The provincial capital city is Serang . The population of Banten was officially estimated at 11,834,087 at the start of 2014 , up from over 10.6 million during the 2010 census . Formerly part of the province of West Java , Banten became a separate province in 2000 . The province is a transit corridor to the neighbouring Indonesian island of Sumatra . Historically , it has had a culture distinct from the rest of Java and that of the broader Indonesian archipelago . In recent years , the northern half , particularly those areas near Jakarta and the Java Sea coast , have experienced rapid rises in population and urbanization , while the southern half , particularly that facing the Indian Ocean , maintains more of its traditional character . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 2, 2 ]

[ "Karimunjava", "Java", "Island", "Thousand_Islands_-LRB-Indonesia-RRB-", "Banten" ]

[ "Crimon Java Islands or Karimunjava Islands -LRB- Indonesian : Kepulauan Karimunjawa -RRB- is an archipelago of 27 islands in the Java Sea , Indonesia , approximately 80 kilometres northwest of Jepara . The islands ' name means ' a stone 's throw from Java ' in Javanese . They have a total land area of 78 km2 . The main island is known as Karimun -LRB- 2,700 ha -RRB- , while the second-largest island is Kemujan -LRB- 1,400 ha -RRB- . In 2011 , the population of the island group was about 9,000 who lived on five of the islands . The population is largely Javanese , with pockets of Bugis and Madurese inhabitants . Javanese culture is dominant in the islands which are the only islands off Java where Javanese is the lingua franca . Twenty-two of the islands have been declared 2001 as a marine reserve , the Karimunjava National Park . Five more islands are either privately owned or are under the control of the Indonesian Navy . ", "Java -LRB- Indonesian : Jawa ; Javanese : ꦗꦮ ; Sundanese : -RRB- is an island of Indonesia . With a population of over 141 million -LRB- the island itself -RRB- or 145 million -LRB- the administrative region -RRB- Census released in December 2015 , Java is home to 56.7 percent of the Indonesian population and is the most populous island on Earth . The Indonesian capital city , Jakarta , is located on western Java . Much of Indonesian history took place on Java . It was the center of powerful Hindu-Buddhist empires , the Islamic sultanates , and the core of the colonial Dutch East Indies . Java was also the center of the Indonesian struggle for independence during the 1930s and 1940s . Java dominates Indonesia politically , economically and culturally . Formed mostly as the result of volcanic eruptions , Java is the 13th largest island in the world and the fifth largest in Indonesia . A chain of volcanic mountains forms an east -- west spine along the island . Three main languages are spoken on the island : Javanese , Sundanese , and Madurese . Of these , Javanese is the dominant ; it is the native language of about 60 million people in Indonesia , most of whom live on Java . Furthermore , most residents are bilingual , speaking Indonesian -LRB- the official language of Indonesia -RRB- as their first or second language . While the majority of the people of Java are Muslim , Java has a diverse mixture of religious beliefs , ethnicities , and cultures . Java is divided into four provinces , West Java , Central Java , East Java , and Banten , and two special regions , Jakarta and Yogyakarta . ", "An island or isle is any piece of sub-continental land that is surrounded by water . Very small islands such as emergent land features on atolls can be called islets , skerries , cays or keys . An island in a river or a lake island may be called an eyot or ait , and a small island off the coast may be called a holm . A grouping of geographically or geologically related islands is called an archipelago , e.g. the Philippines . An island may be described as such , despite the presence of an artificial land bridge ; examples are Singapore and its causeway , and the various Dutch delta islands , such as IJsselmonde . Some places may even retain `` island '' in their names for historical reasons after being connected to a larger landmass by a land bridge or landfill , such as Coney Island and Coronado Island , though these are strictly tied islands . Conversely , when a piece of land is separated from the mainland by a man-made canal , for example the Peloponnese by the Corinth Canal or Marble Hill in northern Manhattan during the time between the building of the United States Ship Canal and the filling-in of the Harlem River which surrounded the area , it is generally not considered an island . There are two main types of islands in the sea : continental and oceanic . There are also artificial islands . ", "The Thousand Islands -LRB- officially Kepulauan Seribu -RRB- are a chain of islands to the north of Jakarta 's coast . It forms the only regency of Jakarta , the capital of Indonesia . It consists of a string of 110 islands stretching 45 km north into the Java Sea at West Jakarta Bay and in fact north of Banten Province . A decree states that 36 islands may be used for recreation . Of these , only 13 islands are fully developed : 11 islands are homes to resorts and two islands are historic parks . 23 are privately owned and are not open to the public . The rest of the islands are either uninhabited or support a fishing village . ", "Banten is the westernmost province on the island of Java , in Indonesia . The provincial capital city is Serang . The population of Banten was officially estimated at 11,834,087 at the start of 2014 , up from over 10.6 million during the 2010 census . Formerly part of the province of West Java , Banten became a separate province in 2000 . The province is a transit corridor to the neighbouring Indonesian island of Sumatra . Historically , it has had a culture distinct from the rest of Java and that of the broader Indonesian archipelago . In recent years , the northern half , particularly those areas near Jakarta and the Java Sea coast , have experienced rapid rises in population and urbanization , while the southern half , particularly that facing the Indian Ocean , maintains more of its traditional character . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 2, 2 ]

[ "Karimunjava", "Java", "Island", "Thousand_Islands_-LRB-Indonesia-RRB-", "Banten" ]

[ "Crimon Java Islands or Karimunjava Islands -LRB- Indonesian : Kepulauan Karimunjawa -RRB- is an archipelago of 27 islands in the Java Sea , Indonesia , approximately 80 kilometres northwest of Jepara . The islands ' name means ' a stone 's throw from Java ' in Javanese . They have a total land area of 78 km2 . The main island is known as Karimun -LRB- 2,700 ha -RRB- , while the second-largest island is Kemujan -LRB- 1,400 ha -RRB- . In 2011 , the population of the island group was about 9,000 who lived on five of the islands . The population is largely Javanese , with pockets of Bugis and Madurese inhabitants . Javanese culture is dominant in the islands which are the only islands off Java where Javanese is the lingua franca . Twenty-two of the islands have been declared 2001 as a marine reserve , the Karimunjava National Park . Five more islands are either privately owned or are under the control of the Indonesian Navy . ", "Java -LRB- Indonesian : Jawa ; Javanese : ꦗꦮ ; Sundanese : -RRB- is an island of Indonesia . With a population of over 141 million -LRB- the island itself -RRB- or 145 million -LRB- the administrative region -RRB- Census released in December 2015 , Java is home to 56.7 percent of the Indonesian population and is the most populous island on Earth . The Indonesian capital city , Jakarta , is located on western Java . Much of Indonesian history took place on Java . It was the center of powerful Hindu-Buddhist empires , the Islamic sultanates , and the core of the colonial Dutch East Indies . Java was also the center of the Indonesian struggle for independence during the 1930s and 1940s . Java dominates Indonesia politically , economically and culturally . Formed mostly as the result of volcanic eruptions , Java is the 13th largest island in the world and the fifth largest in Indonesia . A chain of volcanic mountains forms an east -- west spine along the island . Three main languages are spoken on the island : Javanese , Sundanese , and Madurese . Of these , Javanese is the dominant ; it is the native language of about 60 million people in Indonesia , most of whom live on Java . Furthermore , most residents are bilingual , speaking Indonesian -LRB- the official language of Indonesia -RRB- as their first or second language . While the majority of the people of Java are Muslim , Java has a diverse mixture of religious beliefs , ethnicities , and cultures . Java is divided into four provinces , West Java , Central Java , East Java , and Banten , and two special regions , Jakarta and Yogyakarta . ", "An island or isle is any piece of sub-continental land that is surrounded by water . Very small islands such as emergent land features on atolls can be called islets , skerries , cays or keys . An island in a river or a lake island may be called an eyot or ait , and a small island off the coast may be called a holm . A grouping of geographically or geologically related islands is called an archipelago , e.g. the Philippines . An island may be described as such , despite the presence of an artificial land bridge ; examples are Singapore and its causeway , and the various Dutch delta islands , such as IJsselmonde . Some places may even retain `` island '' in their names for historical reasons after being connected to a larger landmass by a land bridge or landfill , such as Coney Island and Coronado Island , though these are strictly tied islands . Conversely , when a piece of land is separated from the mainland by a man-made canal , for example the Peloponnese by the Corinth Canal or Marble Hill in northern Manhattan during the time between the building of the United States Ship Canal and the filling-in of the Harlem River which surrounded the area , it is generally not considered an island . There are two main types of islands in the sea : continental and oceanic . There are also artificial islands . ", "The Thousand Islands -LRB- officially Kepulauan Seribu -RRB- are a chain of islands to the north of Jakarta 's coast . It forms the only regency of Jakarta , the capital of Indonesia . It consists of a string of 110 islands stretching 45 km north into the Java Sea at West Jakarta Bay and in fact north of Banten Province . A decree states that 36 islands may be used for recreation . Of these , only 13 islands are fully developed : 11 islands are homes to resorts and two islands are historic parks . 23 are privately owned and are not open to the public . The rest of the islands are either uninhabited or support a fishing village . ", "Banten is the westernmost province on the island of Java , in Indonesia . The provincial capital city is Serang . The population of Banten was officially estimated at 11,834,087 at the start of 2014 , up from over 10.6 million during the 2010 census . Formerly part of the province of West Java , Banten became a separate province in 2000 . The province is a transit corridor to the neighbouring Indonesian island of Sumatra . Historically , it has had a culture distinct from the rest of Java and that of the broader Indonesian archipelago . In recent years , the northern half , particularly those areas near Jakarta and the Java Sea coast , have experienced rapid rises in population and urbanization , while the southern half , particularly that facing the Indian Ocean , maintains more of its traditional character . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 2, 2 ]

[ "Hindu_texts", "Hinduism", "The_Hindu_Pantheon", "Smriti", "Agni_Purana" ]

[ "Hindu texts are manuscripts and historic literature related to any of the diverse traditions within Hinduism . A few texts are shared resources across these traditions and broadly considered as Hindu scriptures . These include the Vedas and the Upanishads . Scholars hesitate in defining the term `` Hindu scripture '' given the diverse nature of Hinduism , many include Bhagavad Gita and Agamas as Hindu scriptures , while Dominic Goodall includes Bhagavata Purana and Yajnavalkya Smriti to the list of Hindu scriptures . There are two historic classifications of Hindu texts : Shruti -- that which is heard , and Smriti -- that which is remembered . The Śruti refers to the body of most authoritative , ancient religious texts , without any author , comprising the central canon of Hinduism . It includes the four Vedas including its four types of embedded texts - the Samhitas , the Brahmanas , the Aranyakas and the early Upanishads . Of the Shrutis -LRB- Vedic corpus -RRB- , the Upanishads alone are widely influential among Hindus , considered scriptures par excellence of Hinduism , and their central ideas have continued to influence its thoughts and traditions . The Smriti texts are a specific body of Hindu texts attributed to an author , as a derivative work they are considered less authoritative than Sruti in Hinduism . The Smrti literature is a vast corpus of diverse texts , and includes but is not limited to Vedāngas , the Hindu epics , the Sutras and Shastras , the texts of Hindu philosophies , the Puranas , the Kāvya or poetical literature , the Bhasyas , and numerous Nibandhas -LRB- digests -RRB- covering politics , ethics , culture , arts and society . Many ancient and medieval Hindu texts were composed in Sanskrit , many others in regional Indian languages . In modern times , most ancient texts have been translated into other Indian languages and some in Western languages . Prior to the start of the common era , the Hindu texts were composed orally , then memorized and transmitted orally , from one generation to next , for more than a millennia before they were written down into manuscripts . This verbal tradition of preserving and transmitting Hindu texts , from one generation to next , continued into the modern era . ", "Hinduism is a religion , or a way of life , found most notably in India and Nepal . Hinduism has been called the oldest religion in the world , and some practitioners and scholars refer to it as , `` the eternal law , '' or the `` eternal way , '' beyond human origins . Scholars regard Hinduism as a fusion or synthesis of various Indian cultures and traditions , with diverse roots and no founder . This `` Hindu synthesis '' started to develop between 500 BCE and 300 CE following the Vedic period -LRB- 1500 BCE to 500 BCE -RRB- . Although Hinduism contains a broad range of philosophies , it is linked by shared concepts , recognisable rituals , cosmology , shared textual resources , and pilgrimage to sacred sites . Hindu texts are classified into Shruti -LRB- `` heard '' -RRB- and Smriti -LRB- `` remembered '' -RRB- . These texts discuss theology , philosophy , mythology , Vedic yajna , Yoga , agamic rituals , and temple building , among other topics . Major scriptures include the Vedas and Upanishads , the Bhagavad Gita , and the Agamas . Sources of authority and eternal truths in its texts play an important role , but there is also a strong Hindu tradition of the questioning of this authority , to deepen the understanding of these truths and to further develop the tradition . Prominent themes in Hindu beliefs include the four Puruṣārthas , the proper goals or aims of human life , namely Dharma -LRB- ethics/duties -RRB- , Artha -LRB- prosperity/work -RRB- , Kama -LRB- desires/passions -RRB- and Moksha -LRB- liberation/freedom/salvation -RRB- ; karma -LRB- action , intent and consequences -RRB- , samsara -LRB- cycle of rebirth -RRB- , and the various Yogas -LRB- paths or practices to attain moksha -RRB- . Hindu practices include rituals such as puja -LRB- worship -RRB- and recitations , meditation , family-oriented rites of passage , annual festivals , and occasional pilgrimages . Some Hindus leave their social world and material possessions , then engage in lifelong Sannyasa -LRB- monastic practices -RRB- to achieve Moksha . Hinduism prescribes the eternal duties , such as honesty , refraining from injuring living beings -LRB- ahimsa -RRB- , patience , forbearance , self-restraint , and compassion , among others . Hinduism is the world 's third largest religion , with over one billion followers or 15 % of the global population , known as Hindus . The majority of Hindus reside in India , Nepal , Mauritius , the Caribbean , and Bali in Indonesia . ", "The Hindu Pantheon was a book written by Edward Moor , an early European scholar of Indian religion . The book was intended as an introduction to Hinduism for an English audience and was the first of its kind . It was published in London in 1810 . The Hindu Pantheon was illustrated with examples from Moor 's own collection of Hindu artifacts , which are currently displayed in the British Museum . Many of the illustrations were engraved by William Blake . The Hindu Pantheon is illustrative of the Enlightenment concept of education of foreign cultures and religions ; it was significant as it sought to dispel any European preconceptions that Hinduism was a largely primitive pagan religion . ", "Smriti -LRB- स्मृति , IAST : -RRB- , literally `` that which is remembered , '' refers to a body of Hindu texts usually attributed to an author , traditionally written down but constantly revised , in contrast to Śrutis -LRB- the Vedic literature -RRB- considered authorless , that were transmitted verbally across the generations and fixed . Smriti is a derivative secondary work and is considered less authoritative than Sruti in Hinduism , except in Mimamsa school of Hindu philosophy . The Smrti literature is a corpus of diverse varied texts . This corpus includes , but is not limited to the six Vedāngas -LRB- the auxiliary sciences in the Vedas -RRB- , the epics -LRB- the Mahābhārata and Rāmāyana -RRB- , the Dharmasūtras and Dharmaśāstras -LRB- or Smritiśāstras -RRB- , the Arthasaśāstras , the Purānas , the Kāvya or poetical literature , extensive Bhasyas -LRB- reviews and commentaries on Shrutis and non-Shruti texts -RRB- , and numerous Nibandhas -LRB- digests -RRB- covering politics , ethics -LRB- Nitisastras -RRB- , culture , arts and society . Each Smriti text exists in many versions , with many different readings . Smritis were considered fluid and freely rewritten by anyone in ancient and medieval Hindu tradition . ", "The Agni Purana , is a Sanskrit text and one of the eighteen major Puranas of Hinduism . The text is variously classified as a Purana related to Shaivism , Vaishnavism , Shaktism and Smartism , but also considered as a text that covers them all impartially without leaning towards a particular theology . The text exists in numerous versions , some very different from others . The published manuscripts are divided into 382 or 383 chapters , containing between 12,000 and 15,000 verses . The chapters of the text were likely composed in different centuries , with earliest version probably after the 7th-century , but before the 11th-century because the early 11th-century Persian scholar Al-Biruni acknowledged its existence in his memoir on India . The youngest layer of the text in the Agni Purana may be from the 17th-century . The Agni Purana is a medieval era encyclopedia that covers a diverse range of topics , and its `` 382 or 383 chapters actually deal with anything and everything '' , remark scholars such as Moriz Winternitz and Ludo Rocher . Its encyclopedic secular style led some 19th-century Indologists such as Horace Hayman Wilson to question if it even qualifies as what is assumed to be a Purana . The range of topics covered by this text include cosmology , mythology , genealogy , politics , education system , iconography , taxation theories , organization of army , theories on proper causes for war , martial arts , diplomacy , local laws , building public projects , water distribution methods , trees and plants , medicine , design and architecture , gemology , grammar , metrics , poetry , food and agriculture , rituals , geography and travel guide to Mithila -LRB- Bihar and neighboring states -RRB- , cultural history , and numerous other topics . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 2, 2 ]

[ "Leslie_Alexander_-LRB-businessman-RRB-", "Ken_Murray_-LRB-basketball-RRB-", "1975–76_Boston_Celtics_season", "Walt_Simon", "Jim_Loscutoff" ]

[ "Leslie L. Alexander -LRB- born 1944 -RRB- is an American attorney , businessman and financier . He is a former bond trader from New Jersey who owns the National Basketball Association -LRB- NBA -RRB- team Houston Rockets . ", "Kenneth Stanley `` Ken '' Murray Jr. -LRB- April 20 , 1928 -- June 15 , 2008 -RRB- was an American professional basketball player . Murray was selected in the fourth round of the 1950 NBA Draft by the Chicago Stags after a collegiate career at St. Bonaventure . In the 1950 -- 51 season he was selected as an NBA All-Star alternate for the Eastern Conference while playing for the Baltimore Bullets . ", "The 1975 -- 76 Boston Celtics season was their 30th in the National Basketball Association -LRB- NBA -RRB- and concluded with their 13th championship . ", "Walter Simon -LRB- December 1 , 1939 -- October 10 , 1997 -RRB- was an American basketball player . A 6 ' 6 '' forward/guard from Benedict College , he played seven seasons -LRB- 1967 -- 1974 -RRB- in the American Basketball Association for the New Jersey Americans/New York Nets and Kentucky Colonels . He appeared in the 1969 ABA All-Star Game , and he scored 6,414 career points . After retiring from basketball , he went on to work for John Y. Brown , Jr. -LRB- who had owned the Kentucky Colonels with his wife , Ellie Brown -RRB- at Kentucky Fried Chicken . Simon became the first black Vice President of a Fortune 500 Company . Born in Delcambre , Louisiana , Simon left a wife , Marge Simon , and three children : Michael , Chris , and Geanai . ", "James Loscutoff Jr -LRB- February 4 , 1930 -- December 1 , 2015 -RRB- was a professional basketball player for the NBA 's Boston Celtics . A forward , Loscutoff played on seven Celtics championship teams between 1956 and 1964 . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "SpongeBob_SquarePants", "SpongeBob_SquarePants_-LRB-character-RRB-", "SpongeBob_SquarePants_-LRB-season_10-RRB-", "The_SpongeBob_SquarePants_Movie", "Dunces_and_Dragons" ]

[ "SpongeBob SquarePants is an American animated television series created by marine biologist and animator Stephen Hillenburg for Nickelodeon . The series chronicles the adventures and endeavors of the title character and his various friends in the fictional underwater city of Bikini Bottom . The series ' popularity has made it a media franchise , as well as the highest rated series to ever air on Nickelodeon , and the most distributed property of MTV Networks . As of 2015 , the media franchise has generated $ 12 billion in merchandising revenue for Nickelodeon . Many of the ideas for the series originated in an unpublished educational comic book titled The Intertidal Zone , which Hillenburg created in 1989 . He began developing SpongeBob SquarePants into a television series in 1996 upon the cancellation of Rocko 's Modern Life , and turned to Tom Kenny , who had worked with him on that series , to voice the title character . SpongeBob was originally going to be named SpongeBoy , and the series was to be called SpongeBoy Ahoy ! , but these were both changed , as the name was already trademarked . Nickelodeon held a preview for the series in the United States on May 1 , 1999 , following the television airing of the 1999 Kids ' Choice Awards . The series officially premiered on July 17 , 1999 . It has received worldwide critical acclaim since its premiere and gained enormous popularity by its second season . A feature film , The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie , was released in theaters on November 19 , 2004 , and a sequel was released on February 6 , 2015 . On October 15 , 2016 , the series began airing its current tenth season , beginning with the episode `` Whirly Brains '' . In May 2017 , the show was announced to be renewed for a 12th season . The series has won a variety of awards , including six Annie Awards , eight Golden Reel Awards , two Emmy Awards , 12 Kids ' Choice Awards , and two BAFTA Children 's Awards . Despite its widespread popularity , the series has been involved in several public controversies , including one centered on speculation over SpongeBob 's intended sexual orientation , and another focusing on the perceived declining quality of the show 's content since the release of the first film . In 2011 , a newly described species of fungi , Spongiforma squarepantsii , was named after the cartoon 's title character . ", "SpongeBob SquarePants is the titular character and protagonist of the American animated television series of the same name . He is voiced by actor and comedian Tom Kenny , and first appeared on television in the series ' pilot episode on May 1 , 1999 . SpongeBob SquarePants was created and designed by cartoonist and marine biologist Stephen Hillenburg shortly after the cancellation of Rocko 's Modern Life in 1996 . Hillenburg intended to create a series about an over-optimistic sponge that annoys other characters . Hillenburg compared the concept to Laurel and Hardy and Pee-wee Herman . As he drew the character , he decided that a `` squeaky-clean square '' -LRB- like a kitchen sponge -RRB- fit the concept . His name is derived from `` Bob the Sponge '' , the host of Hillenburg 's comic strip The Intertidal Zone that he originally drew in the 1980s while teaching marine biology to visitors of the Ocean Institute . SpongeBob is a naïve and goofy sea sponge who works as a fry cook in the fictional underwater town of Bikini Bottom . The character has received positive critical response from media critics and achieved popularity with both children and adults , though he has been involved in public controversy . SpongeBob appeared in a We Are Family Foundation video promoting tolerance , which was criticized by James Dobson of Focus on the Family because of the foundation 's link to homosexuality . ", "The tenth season of the American animated television series SpongeBob SquarePants , created by former marine biologist and animator Stephen Hillenburg , began airing on Nickelodeon in the United States on October 15 , 2016 . It opened with the episode `` Whirly Brains '' and is scheduled to conclude with `` Feral Friends '' and `` Do n't Wake Patrick '' . The series chronicles the exploits and adventures of the title character and his various friends in the fictional underwater city of Bikini Bottom . The season was executive produced by series creator Hillenburg and was the first season of the show not to involve long-time crew member and former showrunner Paul Tibbitt . The showrunners for this season were Marc Ceccarelli and Vincent Waller , who also acted as supervising producers . It is the shortest season , containing 11 episodes instead of the usual 26-episode length . The show received several accolades during the run of its tenth season , including the 2017 Kids ' Choice Award for Favorite Cartoon . The series was also nominated in various international Kids ' Choice Awards ceremonies for the same category . The show received a pending nomination at the BAFTA Children 's Awards for the International category as well . ", "The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie is a 2004 American animated adventure comedy film based on the Nickelodeon television series SpongeBob SquarePants . The film was directed by series creator Stephen Hillenburg and starred the series ' cast of Tom Kenny , Bill Fagerbakke , Clancy Brown , Rodger Bumpass and Mr. Lawrence , with guest performances by Scarlett Johansson , Jeffrey Tambor , Alec Baldwin and David Hasselhoff . It was produced by Hillenburg 's production company United Plankton Pictures and Nickelodeon Movies , it was distributed by Paramount Pictures and also it was first film in the SpongeBob SquarePants film series . In the film , Plankton devises a plan to steal King Neptune 's crown and send it to Shell City , and SpongeBob and Patrick must retrieve the crown to save Mr. Krabs from King Neptune 's wrath and Bikini Bottom from Plankton 's plan . Previous offers by Paramount Pictures for a film adaptation of SpongeBob SquarePants had been rejected by Stephen Hillenburg , but he eventually accepted one offer in 2002 . A writing team consisting of Hillenburg , Paul Tibbitt , Derek Drymon , Aaron Springer , Kent Osborne and Tim Hill was assembled , conceiving the idea of a mythical hero 's quest and the search for a stolen crown , which would bring SpongeBob and Patrick to the surface . The film was originally intended as the series finale , but Nickelodeon ordered more episodes of the series as the series had become increasingly profitable , so Hillenburg resigned as showrunner , with Tibbitt taking Hillenburg 's place . The film was promoted immensely by Paramount and Nickelodeon , with tie-in promotions made by 7-Eleven , the Cayman Islands and Burger King , which decorated various of its franchises with 9 ft SpongeBob inflatable figures . The film was a box office success and grossed $ 85 million in the United States and $ 140 million worldwide , and received generally positive reviews from critics . A stand-alone sequel titled The SpongeBob Movie : Sponge Out of Water was released on February 6 , 2015 , and a third film is scheduled for release on August 2 , 2019 . ", "`` Dunces and Dragons '' , also known as `` Lost in Time '' , is the sixth episode of the fourth season and the 66th overall episode of the American animated television series SpongeBob SquarePants . It was written by Zeus Cervas , Erik Wiese and Tim Hill , and the animation was directed by supervising director , Alan Smart and Tom Yasumi . Cervas and Wiese also functioned as storyboard directors . The episode originally aired on Nickelodeon in the United States on February 20 , 2006 as a half-hour special . The series follows the adventures and endeavors of the title character and his various friends in the underwater city of Bikini Bottom . In this episode , SpongeBob and Patrick go back in time . There , they find that Mr. Krabs ' ancestor is the ruler of the kingdom , which is being attacked by Planktonimor , Plankton 's ancestor and an evil wizard . SpongeBob and Patrick , assisted by Squidly , a jester and ancestor of Squidward , and the Dark Knight , Sandy 's ancestor , have to rescue Princess Pearl , ancestor of Pearl and King Krabs ' daughter , who has been captured by Planktominor the wizard . Tie-in promotions were made with Burger King , which released a series of toys based on the episode . `` Dunces and Dragons '' was the most successful of the season , drawing 8.6 million viewers , and was met with positive reviews . It was also elected as the third most-voted episode on the Best Day Ever Marathon , just behind two other episodes from the same season , `` Karate Island '' and `` Wishing You Well '' . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Kyra_Sedgwick", "The_Closer", "Something_to_Talk_About_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Sylvia_Syms", "Cy_Chadwick" ]

[ "Kyra Minturn Sedgwick Bacon -LRB- born August 19 , 1965 -RRB- is an American actress and producer . She is best known for her starring role as Deputy Chief Brenda Leigh Johnson on the TNT crime drama The Closer . Sedgwick 's role in the series won her a Golden Globe Award in 2007 and an Emmy Award in 2010 . The series ended on August 13 , 2012 , following the completion of its seventh season . She is also known for her recurring role as Madeline Wuntch on the successful sitcom Brooklyn Nine Nine . Sedgwick was nominated for a Golden Globe award for her performance in Something to Talk About -LRB- 1995 -RRB- . Sedgwick 's other film roles include Oliver Stone 's Born on the Fourth of July -LRB- 1989 -RRB- , Cameron Crowe 's Singles -LRB- 1992 -RRB- , as well as Heart and Souls -LRB- 1992 -RRB- , Phenomenon -LRB- 1996 -RRB- , What 's Cooking -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , Secondhand Lions -LRB- 2003 -RRB- , The Game Plan -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , and The Possession -LRB- 2012 -RRB- . She also has one of the starring roles in the critically acclaimed 2016 comedy-drama movie The Edge of Seventeen . ", "The Closer is an American television police procedural , starring Kyra Sedgwick as Brenda Leigh Johnson , a Los Angeles Police Department Deputy Chief . Originally from Atlanta , Georgia , and CIA-trained , Brenda has a reputation as a closer -- an interrogator who not only solves a case , but obtains confessions that lead to convictions and so `` closing '' the case . Deputy Chief Johnson sometimes uses deceit and intimidation to persuade a suspect to confess . The series ran on TNT from June 13 , 2005 , to August 13 , 2012 . The Closer was created by James Duff and the Shephard/Robin Company in association with Warner Bros. . Television . On Monday , July 11 , 2011 , the series began its seventh and final season , having finished its sixth season as cable 's highest rated drama . The Closers final six episodes began airing on Monday , July 9 , 2012 , with its finale airing on Monday , August 13 , 2012 . Following the finale , The Closers spin-off Major Crimes premiered . ", "Something to Talk About is a 1995 American comedy-drama film directed by Lasse Hallström , from a screenplay written by Callie Khouri . It stars Julia Roberts and Dennis Quaid as an estranged couple , Kyra Sedgwick as Roberts ' sister , and Robert Duvall and Gena Rowlands as their parents . The film 's title stems from the Bonnie Raitt song of the same name . It was shot in various locations around Savannah , Georgia , South Carolina and Georgia near Beaufort . ", "Sylvia May Laura Syms OBE -LRB- born 6 January 1934 -RRB- is an English actress , best known for her roles in the films Woman in a Dressing Gown -LRB- 1957 -RRB- , Ice Cold in Alex -LRB- 1958 -RRB- , No Trees in the Street -LRB- 1959 -RRB- , Victim -LRB- 1961 -RRB- , The Tamarind Seed -LRB- 1974 -RRB- and The Queen -LRB- 2006 -RRB- . She remains active in films , television and theatre . ", "Cy Chadwick -LRB- born 2 June 1969 -RRB- is an English actor , director , producer , and presenter . His most notable acting role was of Nick Bates in 205 episodes of the long-running British soap Emmerdale Farm between 1985 and 1996 . A year after leaving the series , Leeds-born Chadwick rejoined ITV Yorkshire as a director . As a freelance television producer , Chadwick co-founded the production company `` ATypical Media '' . He works for BBC Entertainment and is directing and producing the Young Professionals of the Year series for the BBC Three . Cy has recently returned to a role in front of the camera , playing Peter Stringfellow in the forthcoming TV Drama , The String , to be broadcast on ITV3 . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Kyra_Sedgwick", "The_Closer", "Something_to_Talk_About_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Sylvia_Syms", "Cy_Chadwick" ]

[ "Kyra Minturn Sedgwick Bacon -LRB- born August 19 , 1965 -RRB- is an American actress and producer . She is best known for her starring role as Deputy Chief Brenda Leigh Johnson on the TNT crime drama The Closer . Sedgwick 's role in the series won her a Golden Globe Award in 2007 and an Emmy Award in 2010 . The series ended on August 13 , 2012 , following the completion of its seventh season . She is also known for her recurring role as Madeline Wuntch on the successful sitcom Brooklyn Nine Nine . Sedgwick was nominated for a Golden Globe award for her performance in Something to Talk About -LRB- 1995 -RRB- . Sedgwick 's other film roles include Oliver Stone 's Born on the Fourth of July -LRB- 1989 -RRB- , Cameron Crowe 's Singles -LRB- 1992 -RRB- , as well as Heart and Souls -LRB- 1992 -RRB- , Phenomenon -LRB- 1996 -RRB- , What 's Cooking -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , Secondhand Lions -LRB- 2003 -RRB- , The Game Plan -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , and The Possession -LRB- 2012 -RRB- . She also has one of the starring roles in the critically acclaimed 2016 comedy-drama movie The Edge of Seventeen . ", "The Closer is an American television police procedural , starring Kyra Sedgwick as Brenda Leigh Johnson , a Los Angeles Police Department Deputy Chief . Originally from Atlanta , Georgia , and CIA-trained , Brenda has a reputation as a closer -- an interrogator who not only solves a case , but obtains confessions that lead to convictions and so `` closing '' the case . Deputy Chief Johnson sometimes uses deceit and intimidation to persuade a suspect to confess . The series ran on TNT from June 13 , 2005 , to August 13 , 2012 . The Closer was created by James Duff and the Shephard/Robin Company in association with Warner Bros. . Television . On Monday , July 11 , 2011 , the series began its seventh and final season , having finished its sixth season as cable 's highest rated drama . The Closers final six episodes began airing on Monday , July 9 , 2012 , with its finale airing on Monday , August 13 , 2012 . Following the finale , The Closers spin-off Major Crimes premiered . ", "Something to Talk About is a 1995 American comedy-drama film directed by Lasse Hallström , from a screenplay written by Callie Khouri . It stars Julia Roberts and Dennis Quaid as an estranged couple , Kyra Sedgwick as Roberts ' sister , and Robert Duvall and Gena Rowlands as their parents . The film 's title stems from the Bonnie Raitt song of the same name . It was shot in various locations around Savannah , Georgia , South Carolina and Georgia near Beaufort . ", "Sylvia May Laura Syms OBE -LRB- born 6 January 1934 -RRB- is an English actress , best known for her roles in the films Woman in a Dressing Gown -LRB- 1957 -RRB- , Ice Cold in Alex -LRB- 1958 -RRB- , No Trees in the Street -LRB- 1959 -RRB- , Victim -LRB- 1961 -RRB- , The Tamarind Seed -LRB- 1974 -RRB- and The Queen -LRB- 2006 -RRB- . She remains active in films , television and theatre . ", "Cy Chadwick -LRB- born 2 June 1969 -RRB- is an English actor , director , producer , and presenter . His most notable acting role was of Nick Bates in 205 episodes of the long-running British soap Emmerdale Farm between 1985 and 1996 . A year after leaving the series , Leeds-born Chadwick rejoined ITV Yorkshire as a director . As a freelance television producer , Chadwick co-founded the production company `` ATypical Media '' . He works for BBC Entertainment and is directing and producing the Young Professionals of the Year series for the BBC Three . Cy has recently returned to a role in front of the camera , playing Peter Stringfellow in the forthcoming TV Drama , The String , to be broadcast on ITV3 . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Night_of_the_Living_Dead_-LRB-1990_film-RRB-", "Night_of_the_Living_Dead", "...For_the_Whole_World_to_See", "Season_of_the_Dead_-LRB-Chasing_Safety_album-RRB-", "New_Electric_Music" ]

[ "Night of the Living Dead is a 1990 American horror film directed by Tom Savini and starring Tony Todd , Patricia Tallman and Tom Towles . It is a remake of George A. Romero 's 1968 horror film of the same name . Romero rewrote the original 1968 screenplay co-authored by John A. Russo . ", "Night of the Living Dead is a 1968 American independent horror film , directed by George A. Romero , starring Duane Jones and Judith O'Dea . It was completed on a $ 114,000 budget and premiered October 1 , 1968 . The film became a financial success , grossing $ 12 million domestically and $ 18 million internationally . It has been a cult classic ever since . Night of the Living Dead was heavily criticized at its release for its explicit gore . It eventually garnered critical acclaim and has been selected by the Library of Congress for preservation in the National Film Registry , as a film deemed `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' . The story follows characters Ben -LRB- Jones -RRB- , Barbra -LRB- O'Dea -RRB- , and five others trapped in a rural farmhouse in Western Pennsylvania , which is attacked by a large and growing group of unnamed `` living dead '' monsters drawing on earlier depictions in popular culture of the ghoul , which has led this type of creature to be referred to most popularly as a zombie . This is the most easily recognized version of the living dead , to the point where people gather in mass quantities for conventions dressed as zombies , complete with makeup and prosthetic limbs . Night of the Living Dead led to five subsequent films between 1978 and 2010 , also directed by Romero , and inspired two remakes ; the most well-known remake was released in 1990 , directed by Tom Savini . ", "... For the Whole World to See is a studio album by the American band Death , released in 2009 and consisting of various demos originally recorded in the mid 1970s . ", "Season of the Dead is the first full-length studio album by American metalcore band Chasing Safety was released by Outerloop Records on October 14 , 2014 . ", "New Electric Music is the eighth album by New Zealand noise rock band The Dead C , released in 2002 through Language Recordings . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "The_Punisher_-LRB-TV_series-RRB-", "Daredevil_-LRB-TV_series-RRB-", "The_Punisher_-LRB-1987_series-RRB-", "Psych_-LRB-season_2-RRB-", "Crime_and_Punishment_-LRB-2002_Russian_film-RRB-" ]

[ "Marvel 's The Punisher , or simply The Punisher , is an upcoming American web television series created for Netflix by Steve Lightfoot , based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name . It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe -LRB- MCU -RRB- , sharing continuity with the films and other television series of the franchise , and is a spin-off of Marvel 's Daredevil . The series is produced by Marvel Television in association with ABC Studios , with Lightfoot serving as showrunner . The series revolves around Frank Castle , who uses lethal methods to fight crime as the vigilante `` the Punisher '' , with Jon Bernthal reprising the role from Daredevil . Ben Barnes , Ebon Moss-Bachrach , Amber Rose Revah , Deborah Ann Woll , Daniel Webber , Jason R. Moore , Paul Schulze , Jaime Ray Newman , and Michael Nathanson also star . A television series centered on the Punisher received a put-pilot commitment at Fox in 2011 , but that project fell through . In June 2015 , Bernthal was cast as the character to appear in the second season of Daredevil . Development on a spin-off titled The Punisher began by January 2016 , before the second season of Daredevil was released . In April 2016 , Marvel and Netflix ordered the series , confirmed Bernthal 's involvement , and announced Lightfoot as executive producer and showrunner . Filming began in New York City in October 2016 , and concluded in April 2017 . The Punisher is scheduled to be released in 2017 . ", "Marvel 's Daredevil , or simply Daredevil , is an American web television series created for Netflix by Drew Goddard , based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name . It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe -LRB- MCU -RRB- , sharing continuity with the films of the franchise , and is the first in a series of shows that will lead up to The Defenders crossover miniseries . The series is produced by Marvel Television in association with ABC Studios and Goddard Textiles , with DeKnight Productions for the first season . Steven S. DeKnight serves as showrunner on the first season , with Doug Petrie and Marco Ramirez taking over for the second ; Goddard serves as a consultant on both seasons . Charlie Cox stars as Matt Murdock / Daredevil , a blind lawyer-by-day who fights crime at night . Daredevil entered development in late 2013 , a year after the film rights to the character reverted to Marvel , with Goddard initially hired in December 2013 . DeKnight replaced him as showrunner and Cox was hired to star in May 2014 , with Deborah Ann Woll , Elden Henson , Rosario Dawson , and Vincent D'Onofrio also starring . Additional season one stars include Toby Leonard Moore , Vondie Curtis-Hall , Bob Gunton , and Ayelet Zurer , while Jon Bernthal , Élodie Yung , and Stephen Rider join the cast for season two . Filming takes place in New York City , in areas that still look like the old Hell 's Kitchen . All episodes of the first season were released on Netflix on April 10 , 2015 , while the second season was released in its entirety on March 18 , 2016 . In July 2016 , the series was renewed for a third season . A spin-off series , centered on Bernthal 's character Frank Castle / Punisher and titled Marvel 's The Punisher , was ordered by Netflix in April 2016 . ", "The Punisher vol . 2 is the first ongoing comic book series starring the fictional Marvel Comics vigilante The Punisher , following a limited series published the previous year . The series ran 104 issues from July 1987 to July 1995 . ", "The second season of Psych originally aired in the United States on USA Network from July 13 , 2007 to February 15 , 2008 . It consisted of 16 episodes . James Roday , Dulé Hill , Timothy Omundson , Maggie Lawson , and Corbin Bernsen reprised their roles as the main characters , and Kirsten Nelson joined the main cast . James Roday portrayed Shawn Spencer , a fake psychic detective who periodically consults for the Santa Barbara police department . A DVD of the season was released on July 8 , 2008 . ", "Crime and Punishment is a 2002 American-Russian-Polish drama film written and directed by Menahem Golan and starring Crispin Glover and Vanessa Redgrave . It is an adaptation of Fyodor Dostoyevsky 's novel of the same name . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "David_Lloyd_George", "Peter_Lloyd_-LRB-aviator-RRB-", "George_Beare_-LRB-painter-RRB-", "Norbert_Lynton", "George_Lewis_-LRB-rugby_league-RRB-" ]

[ "David Lloyd George , 1st Earl Lloyd-George of Dwyfor , -LRB- 17 January 1863 -- 26 March 1945 -RRB- was a British Liberal politician and statesman of Welsh parentage and upbringing . As Chancellor of the Exchequer -LRB- 1908 -- 1915 -RRB- , Lloyd George was a key figure in the introduction of many reforms which laid the foundations of the modern welfare state . His most important role came as the highly energetic Prime Minister of the Wartime Coalition Government -LRB- 1916 -- 22 -RRB- , during and immediately after the First World War . He was a major player at the Paris Peace Conference of 1919 that reordered Europe after the defeat of the Central Powers . Historian Martin Pugh in The Oxford Companion to British History argues that : He made a greater impact on British public life than any other 20th-century leader , thanks to his pre-war introduction of Britain 's social welfare system -LRB- especially medical insurance , unemployment insurance , and old-age pensions , largely paid for by taxes on high incomes and on the land -RRB- . Furthermore , in foreign affairs he played a leading role in winning the First World War , redrawing the map of Europe at the peace conference , and partitioning Ireland . As Prime Minister , Lloyd George favoured the Conservatives in his coalition in the 1918 elections , leaving the Liberal Party a minority . He became leader of the Liberal Party in the late 1920s , but it grew even smaller and more divided . By the 1930s he was a marginalised and widely mistrusted figure . He gave weak support to the Second World War amidst fears that he was favourable toward Germany . He was voted the third greatest British prime minister of the 20th century in a poll of 139 academics organised by MORI , and in 2002 he was named among the 100 Greatest Britons following a UK-wide vote . ", "George Alfred Lloyd , -LRB- born 15 December 1920 -RRB- , known as Peter Lloyd , is an Australian aviator and grazier . Since the 1950s , Lloyd has been involved with administering aero clubs in Australia and internationally , as well as promoting air sports and air safety . ", "George Beare -LRB- died 1749 -RRB- , was an English painter . ", "Norbert Lynton -LRB- 22 September 1927 -- 30 October 2007 , Brighton , England -RRB- was Professor of the History of Art at the University of Sussex . From 1998 - 2006 he was Chairman of the Charleston Trust . He has published on architecture and on modern artists including Paul Klee , Ben Nicholson , William Scott . With Erika Langmuir , he coauthored the ` Yale Dictionary of Modern Art ' . Among his significant works are ` The Story of Modern Art ' published by Phaidon Press Ltd and the introduction for the book that accompanied the major international exhibition ` Painting the Century : 101 Portrait Masterpieces 1900 -- 2000 ' held at the National Portrait Gallery in London to celebrate the millennium . Lynton finished a book about the Russian painter and architect Vladimir Tatlin shortly before his death . A further publication on the work of Bernard Cohen appeared posthumously in 2009 . He left four sons , Jeremy , Oliver , Thomas and Peter . ", "George Lewis was a professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1920s , 1930s , and 1940s , playing at club level for Castleford , and Featherstone Rovers -LRB- Heritage № 237 -RRB- , as a , i.e. number 1 . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Pocahontas", "Savages_-LRB-Pocahontas_song-RRB-", "Pocahontas,_Missouri", "Powhatan_-LRB-Native_American_leader-RRB-", "Pocahontas_-LRB-soundtrack-RRB-" ]

[ "Pocahontas -LRB- born Matoaka , known as Amonute , 1596 -- 1617 -RRB- was a Native American woman notable for her association with the colonial settlement at Jamestown , Virginia . Pocahontas was the daughter of Powhatan , the paramount chief of a network of tributary tribal nations in the Tsenacommacah , encompassing the Tidewater region of Virginia . In a well-known historical anecdote , she is said to have saved the life of a captive of the Native Americans , the Englishman John Smith , in 1607 by placing her head upon his own when her father raised his war club to execute him . Some historians have suggested that this story , as told by Smith , is untrue . Pocahontas was captured by the English during Anglo-Indian hostilities in 1613 , and held for ransom . During her captivity , she converted to Christianity and took the name Rebecca . When the opportunity arose for her to return to her people , she chose to remain with the English . In April 1614 , she married tobacco planter John Rolfe , and in January 1615 , bore their son , Thomas Rolfe . In 1616 , the Rolfes traveled to London . Pocahontas was presented to English society as an example of the `` civilized savage '' in hopes of stimulating investment in the Jamestown settlement . She became something of a celebrity , was elegantly fêted , and attended a masque at Whitehall Palace . In 1617 , the Rolfes set sail for Virginia , but Pocahontas died at Gravesend of unknown causes . She was buried in a church in Gravesend in the United Kingdom , but the exact location of her grave is unknown . Numerous places , landmarks , and products in the United States have been named after Pocahontas . Her story has been romanticized over the years , and she is a subject of art , literature , and film . Many famous people have claimed to be among her descendants through her son Thomas , including members of the First Families of Virginia , First Lady Edith Wilson , American Western actor Glenn Strange , and astronomer Percival Lowell . ", "`` Savages '' is a song from the 1995 Disney animated film Pocahontas . It addresses themes of othering , xenophobia , and genocide . The song has been negatively received by critics , with some deeming it to be racist , arguing that it encourages the listener to dehumanise Native Americans . ", "Pocahontas is a village in Cape Girardeau County , Missouri , United States . The population was 114 at the 2010 census . It is part of the Cape Girardeau -- Jackson , MO-IL Metropolitan Statistical Area . ", "Powhatan -LRB- June 17 , 1545 -- April 1618 -RRB- , whose proper name was Wahunsenacawh -LRB- alternately spelled Wahunsenacah , Wahunsunacock or Wahunsonacock -RRB- , was the paramount chief of Tsenacommacah , an alliance of Algonquian-speaking Virginia Indians in the Tidewater region of Virginia at the time English settlers landed at Jamestown in 1607 . Powhatan , alternately called `` King '' or `` Chief '' Powahatan by the English , led the main political and military power facing the early colonists , was probably the older brother of Opechancanough , who led attacks against the English in 1622 and 1644 . He was the father of Pocahontas , who eventually converted to Christianity and married the English settler John Rolfe . ", "Pocahontas : An Original Walt Disney Records Soundtrack is the soundtrack to the 1995 Disney animated film , Pocahontas . It was released by Walt Disney Records on May 23 , 1995 on CD and audio cassette . The soundtrack contains songs from the film , including each instrumental song , written by Alan Menken and Stephen Schwartz , and conducted by David Friedman . The main songs were performed by artists : Judy Kuhn , Mel Gibson , Linda Hunt , Jim Cummings , David Ogden Stiers , and Bobbi Page . The soundtrack features two hit singles ; `` Colors of the Wind '' performed by singer and actress Vanessa Williams , and the film 's love theme song `` If I Never Knew You '' performed by recording artists Jon Secada and Shanice . On August 7 , 2015 , in honor of the 20th anniversary of the film , a new edition of the soundtrack was released as part of the Walt Disney Records : The Legacy Collection series . The new edition includes the film 's complete original soundtrack in chronological order , along with six demo recordings in a two-disc set . There are 28 tracks on disc one , and 8 tracks on disc two . This release includes the song `` If I Never Knew You '' , performed by Judy Kuhn and Mel Gibson in the film . The original song performed by the characters was cut from the film , and not included on the original soundtrack . The song was put back into the movie when it was re-released for the 10th anniversary of the film , and finally featured on the new edition of the soundtrack . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Ian_Gillan", "Jimmy_Gill", "Alan_Gill_-LRB-cricketer-RRB-", "Ian_Hurst", "John_Phin" ]

[ "Ian Gillan -LRB- born 19 August 1945 -RRB- is an English singer and songwriter . He originally found commercial success as the lead singer and lyricist for Deep Purple . Initially influenced by Elvis Presley , Gillan started and fronted several local bands in the mid-sixties , and eventually joined Episode Six when their original singer left . He first found widespread commercial success after joining Deep Purple in 1969 . After an almost non-stop workload , during which time he recorded six albums in four years , and problematic relationships with other band members , particularly guitarist Ritchie Blackmore , Gillan resigned from the band in June 1973 , having given a lengthy notice period to their managers . After a short time away from the music business , he resumed his music career with solo bands the Ian Gillan Band and Gillan , before a year-long stint as the vocalist for Black Sabbath . He rejoined a reformed Deep Purple in 1984 , but was fired in 1989 . He rejoined the band for a second time in 1992 for their twenty-fifth anniversary , and following the recruitment of guitarist Steve Morse in 1994 , has helped transform the group into a regular touring outfit , which he has fronted ever since . In addition to his main work -- performing with Deep Purple and other bands during the 1970s and 1980s -- he sang the role of Jesus in the original recording of Andrew Lloyd Webber 's rock opera Jesus Christ Superstar , performed in the charity supergroup Rock Aid Armenia , and engaged in a number of business investments and ventures , including a hotel , a motorcycle manufacturer , and music recording facilities at Kingsway Studios . More recently , he has performed solo concerts concurrently with his latter career in Deep Purple , and his work and affinity with Armenia , combined with his continued friendship with Tony Iommi since his brief time in Black Sabbath , has led him to form the supergroup WhoCares with Iommi . His solo career outside of Deep Purple was given a comprehensive overview with the Gillan 's Inn box set in 2006 . ", "James J. `` Jimmy '' Gill -LRB- born 9 November 1894 , date of death unknown -RRB- was an English professional footballer . He was born in Sheffield . Gill began his career at hometown side Sheffield Wednesday in 1913 . With the club suffering financial difficulties he was sold to Cardiff City in 1920 for # 750 and was the club 's top scorer in its first year in the Football League . He would go on to consistentley challenge for the award along with strike partner Len Davies during his five years at the club . While at the club he also played in the 1925 FA Cup Final , which they went on to lose 1 -- 0 to Sheffield United . The following season , he left to join Frank Buckley 's Blackpool . He made a scoring debut for Blackpool on 24 October 1925 , in a 4 -- 0 victory over Wolves at Bloomfield Road , netting the first goal . He made a further fourteen appearances during the 1925 -- 26 league campaign , scoring three more goals . His final game for Blackpool occurred on 6 February 1926 , in a 5 -- 0 defeat at Port Vale . Gill ended his career with spells at Derby County and Crystal Palace . ", "Alan Gill -LRB- born 5 August 1940 in Underwood , Nottinghamshire -RRB- is an English former first-class cricketer active 1960 -- 65 who played for Nottinghamshire . ", "Ian Archibald Hurst -LRB- born 27 August 1951 in Oamaru -RRB- is a former New Zealand rugby union player who played for the All Blacks in the early 1970s . He also played provincial rugby for North Otago and Canterbury . ", "John Phin , born September 9 , 1832 -LRB- although some resources list his birth year as 1830 -RRB- , in Scotland , died December 29 , 1913 , in Paterson , New Jersey , was a prolific author and publisher , a teacher of applied science and a Shakespeare scholar . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Musala", "Nurla", "Musar", "Valley,_Anglesey", "Tyropoeon_Valley" ]

[ "Musala -LRB- Мусала from Arabic through Ottoman Turkish : Musalla , `` near God '' or `` place for prayer '' is the highest peak in the entire Balkan Peninsula , standing at 2,925 m -LRB- 9,596 ft -RRB- . The summit of the Rila mountain range in southwestern Bulgaria , Musala is the highest peak between the Alps and the Caucasus and the highest in Eastern Europe bar the Caucasus . With a prominence of 2473 m , Musala is the 7th most prominent mountain peak in Europe . Musala is situated within the Rila National Park , which is noted for its rich flora , including species such as Macedonian Pine and Bulgarian Fir in the forests on its middle slopes , and fauna ; it is one of the easiest places in Europe to see the wallcreeper . All major mountain ranges of Bulgaria can be seen from the top ; these include Vitosha to the northwest , Sredna Gora towards the northeast , the Balkan Mountains along most of the northern horizon behind Vitosha and Sredna Gora , the Rhodope Mountains to the southeast , Pirin to the south , Osogovo and Ruy Mountain to the west , and of course Rila . A Cosmic Ray Station was built on the peak in 1960 with cooperation from the Hungarian Academy of Science . The station conducted scientific experiments using a muon telescope . The station was destroyed by an electrical fire on October 29 , 1983 . With an average annual temperature of -2.3 ° C Musala is the coldest place in Bulgaria and the entire Balkan Peninsula . Temperatures stay below 0 ° C for about 8 months each year . Due to this about 45 % of the annual precipitation on Musala is snow , and snow cover lasts for about 200 days -LRB- more than six months -RRB- . Three of the main rivers of Bulgaria , the Iskar , Maritsa and Mesta have their sources near Musala . The next highest peaks in the vicinity of Musala are Little Musala -LRB- 2,902 m -RRB- and Irechek -LRB- 2,852 m -RRB- . ", "Nurla is a village in the Leh district of Jammu and Kashmir , India . It is located in the Khalsi tehsil . ", "Musar , may refer to the Hebrew word for `` ethics '' Musar literature , Jewish moral literature the Musar movement , a Jewish religious ethical , educational and cultural movement Château Musar , Lebanese winery ", "Valley is a village and electoral ward near Holyhead/Caergybi on the west coast of Anglesey , North Wales . Population -LRB- 2001 -RRB- 2,413 , decreasing to 2,361 at the 2011 census . In Welsh it is referred to as either Y Dyffryn -LRB- meaning The Valley -RRB- or -LSB- Y -RSB- Fali -LRB- pronounced as Valley -RRB- . Recent research , prompted by local opposition to the name of Y Fali , suggested that Valley may be a corruption of the Irish Bally -LRB- settlement -RRB- , or Baile as it is spelled in Irish . There does not appear to be a traditional Welsh language placename for the village , and thus there has been a reversion to Valley of late . There is no actual valley as the area is very flat , although a dip in the land was created when the Stanley Embankment to Holy Island was constructed , and this may be the origin of the name . RAF Valley is a nearby Royal Air Force station concerned with the training of fast jet pilots . The runways are also used by Anglesey Airport who make commercial flights to Cardiff -LRB- and previously The Isle of Man -RRB- . Valley railway station is on the North Wales Coast Line . ", "Tyropoeon Valley -LRB- i.e. , `` Valley of the Cheesemakers '' -RRB- is the name given by Josephus the historian -LRB- Wars 5.140 -RRB- to the valley or rugged ravine , in the Old City of Jerusalem , which in ancient times separated Mount Moriah from Mount Zion and emptied into the valley of Hinnom . The Tyropoeon , now filled up with a vast accumulation of debris , and almost a plain , was spanned by bridges , the most noted of which was Zion Bridge , which was probably the ordinary means of communication between the royal palace on Zion and the temple . The western wall of the Temple Mount rose up from the bottom of this valley to the height of 84 feet , where it was on a level with the area , and above this , and as a continuance of it , the wall of Solomon 's cloister rose to the height of about 50 feet , `` so that this section of the wall would originally present to view a stupendous mass of masonry scarcely to be surpassed by any mural masonry in the world . '' In the Copper Scroll this valley is called in Hebrew the Outer Valley -LRB- 3Q15 col. 8 , line 4 -RRB- . The name `` Tyropoiōn '' possibly arose as an ancient mistranslation from Hebrew to the Greek of Josephus 's book ; Semitic languages use the same root for `` outer '' and `` congeal '' . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 1, 1 ]

[ "Temple_of_the_Dog_-LRB-album-RRB-", "Temple_of_the_Dog", "A_Giant_Dog", "The_Golden_Dog", "Dogwood_-LRB-album-RRB-" ]

[ "Temple of the Dog is the only studio album by the American rock band Temple of the Dog , released on April 16 , 1991 , through A&M Records . The album is a tribute to Andrew Wood , the former lead singer of Malfunkshun and Mother Love Bone , who died on March 19 , 1990 , of a heroin overdose . The album has been certified platinum by the RIAA in the United States . ", "Temple of the Dog was an American rock band that formed in Seattle , Washington in 1990 . It was conceived by vocalist Chris Cornell of Soundgarden as a tribute to his friend , the late Andrew Wood , lead singer of the bands Malfunkshun and Mother Love Bone . The line-up includes Stone Gossard on rhythm guitar , Jeff Ament on bass guitar -LRB- both ex-members of Mother Love Bone -RRB- , Mike McCready on lead guitar , and Matt Cameron on drums . Eddie Vedder appeared as a guest to provide some lead and backing vocals . The band released its only album , the self-titled Temple of the Dog , in April 1991 through A&M Records . The recording sessions took place in November and December 1990 at London Bridge Studios , in Seattle , Washington with producer Rakesh `` Rick '' Parashar . Although earning praise from music critics at the time of its release , the album was not widely recognized until 1992 , when Vedder , Ament , Gossard , and McCready had their breakthrough with Pearl Jam . The band toured in 2016 in celebration of the 25th anniversary of their self-titled album . ", "A Giant Dog is an American punk-rock band from Austin , Texas . The band is composed of Sabrina Ellis -LRB- lead-singer -RRB- ; Andrew Cashen -LRB- vocals , guitar -RRB- ; Andy Bauer -LRB- guitar -RRB- ; Graham Low -LRB- bass -RRB- ; and Daniel Blanchard -LRB- drums -RRB- . ", "The Golden Dog -LRB- Le Chien d'Or -RRB- was a novel by William Kirby -LRB- 1817-1906 -RRB- that was written between April 1869 and 1872 , with further revisions being up through 1876 . After being rejected by several publishers , the work was finally arranged to be published in 1877 by Lovell , Adam , Wesson and Company . However , because the publisher neglected to register the novel , the author lost any royalties to this work . He received a sum total of $ 100 -- 200 for the publication . This novel is based upon three works by James MacPherson Le Moine : The Golden Dog , Château Bigot and La Corriveau . It draws upon the historical background of the city of Quebec for its characters , and tells its story through two intertwining plotlines . The first is of the lady Angélique de Méloizes , Madame de Péan , while the second is of Coronel Pierre Philibert , the son of a prosperous merchant . ", "Dogwood is the third full-length album by San Diego punk band Dogwood . It was self-recorded and self-released in 1998 and mainly sold by the band at shows or found at the local San Diego music stores Music Trader or Lou 's records . The song Preschool days was rerecorded for this release at the suggestion of Warner Bros. records who were courting the band at the time . The tracks Never Die and Suffer were removed from the future rerelease This Is Not A New Album at the request of Tooth & Nail Records . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 1, 2 ]

[ "Temple_of_the_Dog_-LRB-album-RRB-", "Temple_of_the_Dog", "A_Giant_Dog", "The_Golden_Dog", "Dogwood_-LRB-album-RRB-" ]

[ "Temple of the Dog is the only studio album by the American rock band Temple of the Dog , released on April 16 , 1991 , through A&M Records . The album is a tribute to Andrew Wood , the former lead singer of Malfunkshun and Mother Love Bone , who died on March 19 , 1990 , of a heroin overdose . The album has been certified platinum by the RIAA in the United States . ", "Temple of the Dog was an American rock band that formed in Seattle , Washington in 1990 . It was conceived by vocalist Chris Cornell of Soundgarden as a tribute to his friend , the late Andrew Wood , lead singer of the bands Malfunkshun and Mother Love Bone . The line-up includes Stone Gossard on rhythm guitar , Jeff Ament on bass guitar -LRB- both ex-members of Mother Love Bone -RRB- , Mike McCready on lead guitar , and Matt Cameron on drums . Eddie Vedder appeared as a guest to provide some lead and backing vocals . The band released its only album , the self-titled Temple of the Dog , in April 1991 through A&M Records . The recording sessions took place in November and December 1990 at London Bridge Studios , in Seattle , Washington with producer Rakesh `` Rick '' Parashar . Although earning praise from music critics at the time of its release , the album was not widely recognized until 1992 , when Vedder , Ament , Gossard , and McCready had their breakthrough with Pearl Jam . The band toured in 2016 in celebration of the 25th anniversary of their self-titled album . ", "A Giant Dog is an American punk-rock band from Austin , Texas . The band is composed of Sabrina Ellis -LRB- lead-singer -RRB- ; Andrew Cashen -LRB- vocals , guitar -RRB- ; Andy Bauer -LRB- guitar -RRB- ; Graham Low -LRB- bass -RRB- ; and Daniel Blanchard -LRB- drums -RRB- . ", "The Golden Dog -LRB- Le Chien d'Or -RRB- was a novel by William Kirby -LRB- 1817-1906 -RRB- that was written between April 1869 and 1872 , with further revisions being up through 1876 . After being rejected by several publishers , the work was finally arranged to be published in 1877 by Lovell , Adam , Wesson and Company . However , because the publisher neglected to register the novel , the author lost any royalties to this work . He received a sum total of $ 100 -- 200 for the publication . This novel is based upon three works by James MacPherson Le Moine : The Golden Dog , Château Bigot and La Corriveau . It draws upon the historical background of the city of Quebec for its characters , and tells its story through two intertwining plotlines . The first is of the lady Angélique de Méloizes , Madame de Péan , while the second is of Coronel Pierre Philibert , the son of a prosperous merchant . ", "Dogwood is the third full-length album by San Diego punk band Dogwood . It was self-recorded and self-released in 1998 and mainly sold by the band at shows or found at the local San Diego music stores Music Trader or Lou 's records . The song Preschool days was rerecorded for this release at the suggestion of Warner Bros. records who were courting the band at the time . The tracks Never Die and Suffer were removed from the future rerelease This Is Not A New Album at the request of Tooth & Nail Records . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 1, 2 ]

[ "Temple_of_the_Dog_-LRB-album-RRB-", "Temple_of_the_Dog", "A_Giant_Dog", "The_Golden_Dog", "Dogwood_-LRB-album-RRB-" ]

[ "Temple of the Dog is the only studio album by the American rock band Temple of the Dog , released on April 16 , 1991 , through A&M Records . The album is a tribute to Andrew Wood , the former lead singer of Malfunkshun and Mother Love Bone , who died on March 19 , 1990 , of a heroin overdose . The album has been certified platinum by the RIAA in the United States . ", "Temple of the Dog was an American rock band that formed in Seattle , Washington in 1990 . It was conceived by vocalist Chris Cornell of Soundgarden as a tribute to his friend , the late Andrew Wood , lead singer of the bands Malfunkshun and Mother Love Bone . The line-up includes Stone Gossard on rhythm guitar , Jeff Ament on bass guitar -LRB- both ex-members of Mother Love Bone -RRB- , Mike McCready on lead guitar , and Matt Cameron on drums . Eddie Vedder appeared as a guest to provide some lead and backing vocals . The band released its only album , the self-titled Temple of the Dog , in April 1991 through A&M Records . The recording sessions took place in November and December 1990 at London Bridge Studios , in Seattle , Washington with producer Rakesh `` Rick '' Parashar . Although earning praise from music critics at the time of its release , the album was not widely recognized until 1992 , when Vedder , Ament , Gossard , and McCready had their breakthrough with Pearl Jam . The band toured in 2016 in celebration of the 25th anniversary of their self-titled album . ", "A Giant Dog is an American punk-rock band from Austin , Texas . The band is composed of Sabrina Ellis -LRB- lead-singer -RRB- ; Andrew Cashen -LRB- vocals , guitar -RRB- ; Andy Bauer -LRB- guitar -RRB- ; Graham Low -LRB- bass -RRB- ; and Daniel Blanchard -LRB- drums -RRB- . ", "The Golden Dog -LRB- Le Chien d'Or -RRB- was a novel by William Kirby -LRB- 1817-1906 -RRB- that was written between April 1869 and 1872 , with further revisions being up through 1876 . After being rejected by several publishers , the work was finally arranged to be published in 1877 by Lovell , Adam , Wesson and Company . However , because the publisher neglected to register the novel , the author lost any royalties to this work . He received a sum total of $ 100 -- 200 for the publication . This novel is based upon three works by James MacPherson Le Moine : The Golden Dog , Château Bigot and La Corriveau . It draws upon the historical background of the city of Quebec for its characters , and tells its story through two intertwining plotlines . The first is of the lady Angélique de Méloizes , Madame de Péan , while the second is of Coronel Pierre Philibert , the son of a prosperous merchant . ", "Dogwood is the third full-length album by San Diego punk band Dogwood . It was self-recorded and self-released in 1998 and mainly sold by the band at shows or found at the local San Diego music stores Music Trader or Lou 's records . The song Preschool days was rerecorded for this release at the suggestion of Warner Bros. records who were courting the band at the time . The tracks Never Die and Suffer were removed from the future rerelease This Is Not A New Album at the request of Tooth & Nail Records . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 1, 2 ]

[ "Temple_of_the_Dog_-LRB-album-RRB-", "Temple_of_the_Dog", "A_Giant_Dog", "The_Golden_Dog", "Dogwood_-LRB-album-RRB-" ]

[ "Temple of the Dog is the only studio album by the American rock band Temple of the Dog , released on April 16 , 1991 , through A&M Records . The album is a tribute to Andrew Wood , the former lead singer of Malfunkshun and Mother Love Bone , who died on March 19 , 1990 , of a heroin overdose . The album has been certified platinum by the RIAA in the United States . ", "Temple of the Dog was an American rock band that formed in Seattle , Washington in 1990 . It was conceived by vocalist Chris Cornell of Soundgarden as a tribute to his friend , the late Andrew Wood , lead singer of the bands Malfunkshun and Mother Love Bone . The line-up includes Stone Gossard on rhythm guitar , Jeff Ament on bass guitar -LRB- both ex-members of Mother Love Bone -RRB- , Mike McCready on lead guitar , and Matt Cameron on drums . Eddie Vedder appeared as a guest to provide some lead and backing vocals . The band released its only album , the self-titled Temple of the Dog , in April 1991 through A&M Records . The recording sessions took place in November and December 1990 at London Bridge Studios , in Seattle , Washington with producer Rakesh `` Rick '' Parashar . Although earning praise from music critics at the time of its release , the album was not widely recognized until 1992 , when Vedder , Ament , Gossard , and McCready had their breakthrough with Pearl Jam . The band toured in 2016 in celebration of the 25th anniversary of their self-titled album . ", "A Giant Dog is an American punk-rock band from Austin , Texas . The band is composed of Sabrina Ellis -LRB- lead-singer -RRB- ; Andrew Cashen -LRB- vocals , guitar -RRB- ; Andy Bauer -LRB- guitar -RRB- ; Graham Low -LRB- bass -RRB- ; and Daniel Blanchard -LRB- drums -RRB- . ", "The Golden Dog -LRB- Le Chien d'Or -RRB- was a novel by William Kirby -LRB- 1817-1906 -RRB- that was written between April 1869 and 1872 , with further revisions being up through 1876 . After being rejected by several publishers , the work was finally arranged to be published in 1877 by Lovell , Adam , Wesson and Company . However , because the publisher neglected to register the novel , the author lost any royalties to this work . He received a sum total of $ 100 -- 200 for the publication . This novel is based upon three works by James MacPherson Le Moine : The Golden Dog , Château Bigot and La Corriveau . It draws upon the historical background of the city of Quebec for its characters , and tells its story through two intertwining plotlines . The first is of the lady Angélique de Méloizes , Madame de Péan , while the second is of Coronel Pierre Philibert , the son of a prosperous merchant . ", "Dogwood is the third full-length album by San Diego punk band Dogwood . It was self-recorded and self-released in 1998 and mainly sold by the band at shows or found at the local San Diego music stores Music Trader or Lou 's records . The song Preschool days was rerecorded for this release at the suggestion of Warner Bros. records who were courting the band at the time . The tracks Never Die and Suffer were removed from the future rerelease This Is Not A New Album at the request of Tooth & Nail Records . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 1, 2 ]

[ "A_Good_Day_to_Die_Hard", "It's_Hard_to_Be_Good", "Live_Free_or_Die_Hard", "Die_Hard", "Bad_Night" ]

[ "A Good Day to Die Hard is a 2013 American action thriller film and the fifth installment in the Die Hard film series . The film was directed by John Moore and written by Skip Woods , and stars Bruce Willis as John McClane . The main plot finds McClane travelling to Russia to get his estranged son , Jack , an undercover CIA agent , out of prison . He is soon caught in the crossfire of a global terrorist plot . Alongside Willis , the film also stars Jai Courtney , Cole Hauser , Yuliya Snigir and Sebastian Koch as the film 's villain . Talks of a fifth Die Hard film began before the release of the fourth installment , Live Free or Die Hard , with Willis affirming that the latter would not be the last in the series , but pre-production did not start until September 2011 , when John Moore was officially announced as the director . Filming began in April 2012 , primarily in Budapest , Hungary . A Good Day to Die Hard premiered in Los Angeles on January 31 , 2013 , coinciding with the unveiling of a Die Hard mural at the Fox Lot , and was released in certain East and Southeast Asian countries on February 7 and in the United States and Canada on February 13 . It is the first Die Hard film to use Dolby Atmos Surround Mixing and the first to also be released in IMAX theaters . Unlike the previous films , A Good Day to Die Hard was a critical failure , receiving overwhelmingly negative reviews which cited implausible action sequences , a cliched script , a weak plot , Moore 's direction , and a lack of characterization , although the special effects were praised . It is the first film produced by TSG Entertainment , since distributor 20th Century Fox 's departure from Dune Entertainment upon the completion of their distribution contract at the end of 2012 . A sequel entitled Die Hard : Year One was confirmed to be in works while also intended to be an origin story of John McClane . ", "It 's Hard to Be Good is a 1948 British comedy film directed by Jeffrey Dell and starring Jimmy Hanley , Anne Crawford and Raymond Huntley . In the film , an ex-army officer and do-gooder finds his attempts to improve the world leads invariably to disasters . ", "Live Free or Die Hard -LRB- released as Die Hard 4.0 outside North America -RRB- is a 2007 American action film , and the fourth installment in the Die Hard film series . The film was directed by Len Wiseman and stars Bruce Willis as John McClane . The film 's name was adapted from New Hampshire 's state motto , `` Live Free or Die '' . McClane is attempting to stop cyber terrorists who hack into government and commercial computers across the United States with the goal to start a `` fire sale '' of financial assets . The film was based on the 1997 article `` A Farewell to Arms '' written for Wired magazine by John Carlin . The film was released in the United States on June 27 , 2007 . The project was initially stalled due to the 9/11 terrorist attacks , and when production eventually began , the film 's title was changed several times . A variety of visual effects were used for action sequences , even though Wiseman and Willis stated that they wanted to limit the amount of CGI in the film . In separate incidents during filming , both Willis and his stunt double were injured . Unlike the prior three films in the series , the U.S. rating was PG-13 rather than R . An unrated version contained more strong profanity and violence not shown in the theatrical version , and was included in the DVD release . Reviews were positive with an 82 % approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes and a 69/100 score from Metacritic . The film earned total international box office gross receipts of $ 383.4 million , making it the highest-grossing film in the Die Hard series . It debuted at # 2 at the U.S. box office . For the DVD release , 20th Century Fox pioneered a new kind of DRM , Digital Copy protection that tries to weaken the incentives for consumers to learn how to rip discs by offering them a downloadable version with studio-imposed restrictions . The score for the film was released on July 2 , 2007 . The fifth film in the series , titled A Good Day to Die Hard , was released on February 14 , 2013 . ", "Die Hard is a 1988 American action film directed by John McTiernan and written by Steven E. de Souza and Jeb Stuart . It follows off-duty New York City Police Department officer John McClane -LRB- Bruce Willis -RRB- as he takes on a group of highly organized criminals led by Hans Gruber -LRB- Alan Rickman -RRB- , who perform a heist in a Los Angeles skyscraper under the guise of a terrorist attack using hostages , including McClane 's wife Holly -LRB- Bonnie Bedelia -RRB- , to keep the police at bay . It is based on Roderick Thorp 's 1979 novel Nothing Lasts Forever , the sequel to 1966 's The Detective , which was adapted into a 1968 film of the same name that starred Frank Sinatra . Fox was therefore contractually obligated to offer Sinatra the lead role in Die Hard , but he turned it down . The studio then pitched the film to Arnold Schwarzenegger as a sequel to his 1985 action film Commando ; he turned it down , as well , and the studio finally and reluctantly gave it to Willis , then known primarily as a comedic television actor . Made for $ 28 million , Die Hard grossed over $ 140 million theatrically worldwide , and was given a positive reception from critics . The film turned Willis into an action star , became a metonym for an action film in which a lone hero fights overwhelming odds , and has been named one of the best action movies ever made . The film also ranks # 29 on Empires 2008 list of the 500 greatest movies of all time . The film 's success spawned the Die Hard franchise , which includes four sequels -LRB- Die Hard 2 , Die Hard with a Vengeance , Live Free or Die Hard and A Good Day to Die Hard -RRB- , video games , and a comic book . ", "Bad Night is an American adventure film starring YouTube personalities Jenn McAllister and Lauren Luthringshausen . The screenplay was written by Daniel Kinno and directed by Chris and Nick Riedell . The film was released on July 21 , 2015 exclusively through Vimeo on Demand . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "LinkedIn", "Linkin_Park", "Pulse_360", "Cities_-LRB-Anberlin_album-RRB-", "MindGeek" ]

[ "LinkedIn -LRB- -LSB- ˌliŋkt.ˈɪn -RSB- -RRB- is a business - and employment-oriented social networking service that operates via websites and mobile apps . Founded on December 28 , 2002 , and launched on May 5 , 2003 , it is mainly used for professional networking , including employers posting jobs and job seekers posting their CVs . As of 2015 , most of the company 's revenue came from selling access to information about its members to recruiters and sales professionals . As of September 2016 , LinkedIn had more than 467 million accounts , out of which more than 106 million are active . As of April 2017 , LinkedIn had 500 million members in 200 countries . LinkedIn allows members -LRB- both workers and employers -RRB- to create profiles and `` connections '' to each other in an online social network which may represent real-world professional relationships . Members can invite anyone -LRB- whether an existing member or not -RRB- to become a connection . The `` gated-access approach '' -LRB- where contact with any professional requires either an existing relationship or an introduction through a contact of theirs -RRB- is intended to build trust among the service 's members . LinkedIn participated in the EU 's International Safe Harbor Privacy Principles . The site has an Alexa Internet ranking as the 20th most popular website . According to the New York Times , US high school students are now creating LinkedIn profiles to include with their college applications . Based in the United States , the site is , as of 2013 , available in 24 languages , including Arabic , Chinese , English , French , German , Italian , Portuguese , Spanish , Dutch , Swedish , Danish , Romanian , Russian , Turkish , Japanese , Czech , Polish , Korean , Indonesian , Malay , and Tagalog . LinkedIn filed for an initial public offering in January 2011 and traded its first shares on May 19 , 2011 , under the NYSE symbol `` LNKD '' . On June 13 , 2016 , Microsoft announced plans to acquire LinkedIn for $ 26.2 billion . The acquisition was completed on December 8 , 2016 . The transaction resulted in the payment of approximately $ 26.4 billion in cash merger consideration . ", "Linkin Park is an American rock band from Agoura Hills , California . Formed in 1996 , the band rose to international fame with their debut album Hybrid Theory -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , which was certified diamond by the RIAA in 2005 and multi-platinum in several other countries . Their following studio album Meteora continued the band 's success , topping the Billboard 200 album chart in 2003 , and was followed by extensive touring and charity work around the world . In 2003 , MTV2 named Linkin Park the sixth-greatest band of the music video era and the third-best of the new millennium . Billboard ranked Linkin Park No. 19 on the Best Artists of the Decade chart . In 2012 , the band was voted as the greatest artist of the 2000s in a Bracket Madness poll on VH1 . In 2014 , the band was declared as the Biggest Rock Band in the World Right Now by Kerrang ! . Having adapted nu metal and rap metal to a radio-friendly yet densely layered style in Hybrid Theory and Meteora , the band explored other genres in their next studio album , Minutes to Midnight -LRB- 2007 -RRB- . The album topped the Billboard charts and had the third-best debut week of any album that year . The band continued to explore a wider variation of musical types in their fourth album , A Thousand Suns -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , layering their music with more electronic sounds and beats . Their fifth album , Living Things -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , combines musical elements from all of their previous records . Their sixth album , The Hunting Party -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , returned to a heavier rock sound . Their seventh album One More Light , a more electronic and pop-oriented record , was released on May 19 , 2017 . The band has collaborated with several other artists , including rapper Jay Z in their mashup EP Collision Course , and many others on the remix albums Reanimation and Recharged . Linkin Park has sold over 70 million albums worldwide and has won two Grammy Awards . ", "Pulse 360 , Inc is now defunct online advertising and marketing network which was based in Getzville , New York . The company was founded in October 1999 under the name Kanoodle . The company reaches over 65 % of online users monthly and also reaches 141 million unique visitors across over 1000 websites . The ad distribution is centered on highly visited national and local news sites across the United States . Sites include NBCNews.com , Comcast , Weather.com , and ABCNews.com . ", "Cities is the third studio album by American alternative rock band Anberlin , released on February 20 , 2007 . The songs `` Godspeed '' and `` The Unwinding Cable Car '' were released as singles with accompanying music videos . The album debuted at No. 19 on the Billboard 200 . ", "MindGeek is a global IT company active in content delivery , streaming media , and online advertising , the company is a privately held conglomerate headquartered in Luxembourg City with offices in Dublin , Hamburg , London , Los Angeles , Miami , Montreal , and Nicosia . Its operations are primarily related to Internet pornography , but also include other online properties such as the comedy video and meme website videobash.com and celebrity gossip site celebs.com . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Golf_club", "Racket_Club_Open", "Golf", "Pall-mall", "Valspar_Championship" ]

[ "A golf club is a club used to hit a golf ball in a game of golf . Each club is composed of a shaft with a grip and a club head . Woods are mainly used for long-distance fairway or tee shots ; irons , the most versatile class , are used for a variety of shots ; hybrids that combine design elements of woods and irons are becoming increasingly popular ; putters are used mainly on the green to roll the ball into the hole . A standard set consists of 14 golf clubs , and while there are traditional combinations sold at retail as matched sets , players are free to use any combination of 14 or fewer legal clubs . An important variation in different clubs is loft , or the angle between the club 's face and the vertical plane . It is loft that is the primary determinant of the ascending trajectory of the golf ball , with the tangential angle of the club head 's swing arc at impact being a secondary and relatively minor consideration -LRB- though these small changes in swing angle can nevertheless have a significant influence on launch angle when using low-lofted clubs -RRB- . The impact of the club compresses the ball , while grooves on the club face give the ball backspin . Together , the compression and backspin create lift . The majority of woods and irons are labeled with a number ; higher numbers indicate shorter shafts and higher lofts , which give the ball a higher and shorter trajectory . ", "The Racket Club Open is a tennis tournament held in Buenos Aires , Argentina since 2016 . The event is part of the ATP Challenger Tour and is played on outdoor clay courts . ", "Golf is a club and ball sport in which players use various clubs to hit balls into a series of holes on a course in as few strokes as possible . Golf , unlike most ball games , can not and does not utilize a standardized playing area . The game is played on a course with an arranged progression of 18 holes . Each hole on the course must contain a tee box to start from , and a putting green containing the actual hole or cup -LRB- 4.25 inches in width -RRB- . There are other standard forms of terrain in between , such as the fairway , rough -LRB- long grass -RRB- , sand traps , and hazards -LRB- water , rocks , fescue -RRB- but each hole on a course is unique in its specific layout and arrangement . Golf is played for the lowest number of strokes by an individual , known as stroke play , or the lowest score on the most individual holes in a complete round by an individual or team , known as match play . Stroke play is the most commonly seen format at all levels . ", "Pall-mall , paille-maille , palle-maille , pell-mell , or palle-malle -LRB- -LSB- pælˈmæl -RSB- , -LSB- pɛl 'm ɛl -RSB- , -LSB- pælˈmæl -RSB- or -LSB- pɔːlˈmɔːl -RSB- -RRB- is a lawn game that was mostly played in the 16th and 17th centuries , a precursor to croquet . ", "The Valspar Championship is a professional golf tournament in Florida on the PGA Tour , played annually on the Copperhead Course at Innisbrook Resort and Golf Club in Palm Harbor , northwest of Tampa . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Hammer_Film_Productions", "List_of_British_films_of_2004", "List_of_Brazilian_films_of_1949", "1997_in_film", "Blackhawk_Films" ]

[ "Hammer Film Productions is a British film production company based in London . Founded in 1934 , the company is best known for a series of Gothic `` Hammer Horror '' films made from the mid-1950s until the 1970s . Hammer also produced science fiction , thrillers , film noir and comedies -- and , in later years , television series . During its most successful years , Hammer dominated the horror film market , enjoying worldwide distribution and considerable financial success . This success was due , in part , to distribution partnerships with major United States studios , such as Warner Bros. . During the late 1960s and 1970s the saturation of the horror film market by competitors and the loss of American funding forced changes to the previously lucrative Hammer formula , with varying degrees of success . The company eventually ceased production in the mid-1980s . In 2000 , the studio was bought by a consortium including advertising executive and art collector Charles Saatchi and publishing millionaires Neil Mendoza and William Sieghart . The company announced plans to begin making films again after this , but none were produced . In May 2007 , the company was sold again , this time to a consortium headed by Dutch media tycoon John de Mol , who announced plans to spend some $ 50m -LRB- # 25m -RRB- on new horror films . The new owners also acquired the Hammer group 's film library , consisting of 295 movies . Simon Oakes , who took over as CEO of Hammer , said : `` Hammer is a great British brand -- we intend to take it back into production and develop its global potential . The brand is still alive but no one has invested in it for a long time '' . Since then it has produced several films , including Let Me In -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , The Resident -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , The Woman in Black -LRB- 2012 -RRB- and The Quiet Ones -LRB- 2014 -RRB- . ", "A list of British films released in 2004 : ", "A list of films produced in Brazil in 1949 : ", "The year 1997 in film involved many significant films , including the blockbuster success Titanic , and the beginning of the film studio DreamWorks . ", "Blackhawk Films , from the 1950s through the early 1980s , marketed motion pictures on 16mm , 8mm and Super 8 film . Most were vintage one - or two-reel short subjects , usually comedies starring Laurel and Hardy , Our Gang , Charlie Chaplin , Buster Keaton , and other famous comedy series of the past . Blackhawk also offered newsreels , documentaries , and silent feature films . With the rise of the video market in the early 1980s , Blackhawk began producing video versions of many of their titles in 1981 and within a few years no longer manufactured film copies . The company was later purchased by NTA , and the film elements still later by archivist David Shepard . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Economy_of_Virginia", "Virginia", "Sites_House", "Sunnyside_-LRB-Clarksville,_Virginia-RRB-", "Strode-Morrison-Tabler_House_and_Farm" ]

[ "The Economy of Virginia is well balanced with diverse sources of income . From the Hampton Roads area to Richmond and down to Lee County in the southwest includes military installations , cattle , tobacco and peanut farming in Southside Virginia . Tomatoes recently surpassed soy as the most profitable crop in Virginia . Tobacco , peanuts and hay are also important agricultural products from the commonwealth . Wineries and vineyards in the Northern Neck and along the Blue Ridge Mountains also have become increasingly popular . Northern Virginia -LRB- once considered the state 's dairy capital -RRB- hosts software , communications , consulting , defense contracting , diplomats , and considerable components of the professional government sector . As of the 2000 census , Virginia had the highest number of counties and independent cities -LRB- 15 -RRB- in the top 100 wealthiest jurisdictions in the United States based upon median income , in addition , Virginia tied with Colorado as having the most counties -LRB- 10 -RRB- in the top 100 based on per capita income . Loudoun and Fairfax counties in Northern Virginia have the highest and second highest median household income , respectively , of all counties in the United States as of 2006 . ", "Virginia -LRB- -LSB- vɚˈdʒɪnjə -RSB- , -LSB- vɚˈdʒɪni.ə -RSB- , officially the Commonwealth of Virginia -RRB- is a state located on the Atlantic Coast of the United States . The state is part of both the Southern United States , as well as the Mid-Atlantic . Virginia is nicknamed the `` Old Dominion '' due to its status as the first colonial possession established in mainland British America , and `` Mother of Presidents '' because eight U.S. presidents were born there , more than any other state . The geography and climate of the Commonwealth are shaped by the Blue Ridge Mountains and the Chesapeake Bay , which provide habitat for much of its flora and fauna . The capital of the Commonwealth is Richmond ; Virginia Beach is the most populous city , and Fairfax County is the most populous political subdivision . The Commonwealth 's estimated population is over 8.3 million . The area 's history begins with several indigenous groups , including the Powhatan . In 1607 the London Company established the Colony of Virginia as the first permanent New World English colony . Slave labor and the land acquired from displaced Native American tribes each played a significant role in the colony 's early politics and plantation economy . Virginia was one of the 13 Colonies in the American Revolution and joined the Confederacy in the American Civil War , during which Richmond was made the Confederate capital and Virginia 's northwestern counties seceded to form the state of West Virginia . Although the Commonwealth was under one-party rule for nearly a century following Reconstruction , both major national parties are competitive in modern Virginia . The Virginia General Assembly is the oldest continuous law-making body in the New World . The state government was ranked most effective by the Pew Center on the States in both 2005 and 2008 . It is unique in how it treats cities and counties equally , manages local roads , and prohibits its governors from serving consecutive terms . Virginia 's economy has many sectors : agriculture in the Shenandoah Valley ; federal agencies in Northern Virginia , including the headquarters of the U.S. Department of Defense and Central Intelligence Agency -LRB- CIA -RRB- ; and military facilities in Hampton Roads , the site of the region 's main seaport . Virginia 's economy changed from primarily agricultural to industrial during the 1960s and 1970s , and in 2002 computer chips became the state 's leading export by monetary value . ", "Sites House , also known as Sites Plantation , is a historic home located near Broadway , Rockingham County , Virginia . It was built in 1801 , and is a two-story , limestone structure with a side gable roof . It has a central chimney and a full-width front porch . In the late-19th century , an undistinguished three-bay frame wing with a two-story gallery was attached to the rear . It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979 . ", "Sunnyside is a historic plantation house located at Clarksville , Mecklenburg County , Virginia . The house was built in three sections : a one-room , two-story , thee-bay frame dwelling with a side passage , built in 1833 ; a two-story , three bay I-house , begun in 1836 in front of the first dwelling and connected to it by a one-story hyphen ; and a two-story , one room , one-bay addition built in 1837 . Also on the property are the contributing late-19th century kitchen , an early-to-mid-19th century servant 's quarter , an early-to-mid-19th century smokehouse , a mid-19th century shed , an early-20th century chicken house , the site of a 19th-century ice pit , a 19th and early 20th century tenant house / tobacco processing barn , three late 19th or early-20th century log tobacco barns , a 19th-century log tenant house , and the Carrington / Johnson family cemetery . It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996 . ", "Strode-Morrison-Tabler House and Farm is a historic home located near Hedgesville , Berkeley County , West Virginia . It is a farmhouse of brick , limestone , and wood construction that began in 1752 as a single-story , side-gable , two-bay cottage of rubble limestone that subsequently underwent several additions during the 19th century . These additions include a brick upper story added to the original house and a three-bay , limestone addition constructed about 1830 . This limestone addition became the principal section of the house . A wood frame addition was built along the rear of the house by the end of the 19th century . Also on the property are four sheds / outbuildings -LRB- c. 1920-1950 -RRB- , a garage -LRB- c. 1930 -RRB- , and barn complex -LRB- c. 1752 and later -RRB- . It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2006 . " ]

[ 0, 2, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Johnny_Van_Zant", "Van_Zant", "No_More_Dirty_Deals", "Ronnie_Van_Zant", "Zaytoven" ]

[ "John Roy `` Johnny '' Van Zant -LRB- born February 27 , 1959 -RRB- is an American musician and the current lead vocalist of Southern rock band Lynyrd Skynyrd . He is the younger brother of the late Lynyrd Skynyrd co-founder and former lead vocalist Ronnie Van Zant , and of the .38 Special founder , Donnie Van Zant . Van Zant performed during the 1970s with his first band , The Austin Nickels Band . They later changed their name to The Johnny Van Zant Band releasing their debut solo album , No More Dirty Deals , in 1980 . Original members of The Johnny Van Zant Band consisted of Van Zant on lead vocals , Robbie Gay on guitar , Danny Clausman , on bass , Erik Lundgren on lead guitar , Robbie Morris , drums and Joan Hecht -LRB- previously Joan Cusumano -RRB- and Nancy Henderson on background vocals . Van Zant released three more solo albums between 1981 and 1985 , before taking a break from the music business . He became lead vocalist for the reunited Lynyrd Skynyrd in 1987 , and continues to record and perform with them today . He released another solo album , Brickyard Road , in 1990 , which featured the popular title track , which was a # 1 hit on the U.S. Mainstream Rock Tracks chart for three weeks . He also records and performs with his brother , Donnie , as Van Zant since 1998 . In May 2006 , less than one day before he was to perform at KSAN-FM 107.7 The Bone 's Bone Bash 7 , Van Zant underwent emergency surgery to have his appendix removed . Treated at Stanford University Medical Center in Palo Alto , California , after reporting pain to a doctor earlier in the day . The incident forced the band to cancel three U.S. shows . Van Zant is a fan of the Jacksonville Jaguars . He recorded a video , along with remaining members of Lynyrd Skynyrd , that is played at every Jaguars home game on the Everbank Field video board . According to Skynyrd 's website , Van Zant was again hospitalized on August 6 , 2011 at the Hennepin County Medical Center in Minneapolis , Minnesota due to complications from a previous surgery . According to the website , Van Zant had a `` surgical site '' infected with cellulitus which required both hospitalization ad IV/Antibiotic Treatment . He began displaying signs of a staph infection and other symptoms related to the infection . His subsequent illness resulted in a number of scheduled performances being cancelled . ", "Van Zant is an American musical duo composed of brothers Donnie Van Zant and Johnny Van Zant . Both are brothers of the late Ronnie Van Zant , former lead singer for the Southern rock band Lynyrd Skynyrd . Johnny became the lead vocalist for the reunited Lynyrd Skynyrd in 1987 , and Donnie was also the leader and vocalist of .38 Special . Initially a Southern rock band , Van Zant first recorded in the 1980s on Geffen Records before disbanding . Johnny and Donnie re-established Van Zant in 1998 to record two albums for CMC International , switching their focus to country music in 2005 , with two more albums on Columbia Records as a duo . The duo 's first Columbia album , Get Right with the Man , produced a Top Ten country hit in `` Help Somebody . '' ", "No More Dirty Deals is Johnny Van Zant 's début solo album . ", "Ronald Wayne `` Ronnie '' Van Zant -LRB- January 15 , 1948 -- October 20 , 1977 -RRB- was an American lead vocalist , primary lyricist , and a founding member of the Southern rock band Lynyrd Skynyrd . He was the older brother of current Lynyrd Skynyrd lead vocalist Johnny Van Zant , and of the founder and vocalist of 38 Special , Donnie Van Zant . He was the father of singer Tammy Van Zant , and cousin of musician Jimmie Van Zant . ", "Xavier L. Dotson , professionally known as Zaytoven , is an American record producer , DJ , and pianist from Atlanta , Georgia . He is known for his work with Southern rap artists Gucci Mane and Migos , and has released joint projects with artists such as Future , Waka Flaka Flame , Young Scooter , Bankroll Fresh , and Young Dro . Dotson won a Grammy Award in 2011 for his contribution to Usher 's Raymond v. Raymond album , as a co-producer and writer for the single `` Papers '' along with Sean Garrett . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Granite", "Igneous_rock", "Skarn", "Acidic_rock", "Hornfels" ]

[ "Granite -LRB- -LSB- pronˈɡrænᵻt -RSB- -RRB- is a common type of felsic intrusive igneous rock that is granular and phaneritic in texture . Granites can be predominantly white , pink , or gray in color , depending on their mineralogy . The word `` granite '' comes from the Latin granum , a grain , in reference to the coarse-grained structure of such a holocrystalline rock . Strictly speaking , granite is an igneous rock with between 20 % and 60 % quartz by volume , and at least 35 % of the total feldspar consisting of alkali feldspar , although commonly the term `` granite '' is used to refer to a wider range of coarse grained igneous rocks containing quartz and feldspar . The term `` granitic '' means granite-like and is applied to granite and a group of intrusive igneous rocks with similar textures and slight variations in composition and origin . These rocks mainly consist of feldspar , quartz , mica , and amphibole minerals , which form an interlocking , somewhat equigranular matrix of feldspar and quartz with scattered darker biotite mica and amphibole -LRB- often hornblende -RRB- peppering the lighter color minerals . Occasionally some individual crystals -LRB- phenocrysts -RRB- are larger than the groundmass , in which case the texture is known as porphyritic . A granitic rock with a porphyritic texture is known as a granite porphyry . Granitoid is a general , descriptive field term for lighter-colored , coarse-grained igneous rocks . Petrographic examination is required for identification of specific types of granitoids . The extrusive igneous rock equivalent of granite is rhyolite . Granite is nearly always massive -LRB- lacking any internal structures -RRB- , hard and tough , and therefore it has gained widespread use throughout human history , and more recently as a construction stone . The average density of granite is between 2.65 and 2.75 g/cm3 -LRB- 165.4 - 171.7 lb/ft3 -RRB- , its compressive strength usually lies above 200 MPa , and its viscosity near STP is 3 -- 6 • 1019 Pa · s. The melting temperature of dry granite at ambient pressure is ; it is strongly reduced in the presence of water , down to 650 ° C at a few kBar pressure . Granite has poor primary permeability , but strong secondary permeability . ", "Igneous rock -LRB- derived from the Latin word ignis meaning fire -RRB- , or magmatic rock , is one of the three main rock types , the others being sedimentary and metamorphic . Igneous rock is formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava . The magma can be derived from partial melts of existing rocks in either a planet 's mantle or crust . Typically , the melting is caused by one or more of three processes : an increase in temperature , a decrease in pressure , or a change in composition . Solidification into rock occurs either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks . Igneous rock may form with crystallization to form granular , crystalline rocks , or without crystallization to form natural glasses . ", "Skarns or tactites are calcium-bearing calc -- silicate rocks . Skarns are most often formed at the contact zone between intrusions of granitic magma bodies and carbonate sedimentary rocks such as limestone and dolostone . Hot fluids derived from the granitic magma are rich in silica , iron , aluminium , and magnesium . These fluids mix in the contact zone , dissolve calcium-rich carbonate rocks , and convert the host carbonate rock to skarn deposits in a metamorphic process called metasomatism . The resulting metamorphic rock may consist of a very wide variety of minerals dependent largely on the original composition of the magmatic fluids and the purity of the carbonate sedimentary rocks . Skarns are sometimes associated with mineable accumulations of metallic ores of iron , copper , zinc , lead , gold , and several others . In such cases these deposits are called `` skarn deposits '' . ", "Acidic rock is rock that is either siliceous , having a high content of silica -LRB- SiO2 -RRB- , or rock with a low pH. The two definitions are not equivalent , e.g. , in the case of basalt , which is never high in pH -LRB- basic -RRB- , but is low in SiO2 . The term may be used in a third way , to refer to non-calcareous rocks , i.e. , rocks testing negative for carbonate by not bubbling if a 10 % solution of HCl is applied in a spot test . ", "Hornfels -LRB- German , meaning `` hornstone '' -RRB- is called so because of its exceptional toughness and texture both reminiscent of animal horns . These properties are due to fine grained non-aligned crystals with platy or prismatic habits . Hornfels is the group designation for a series of contact metamorphic rocks that have been baked and indurated by the heat of intrusive igneous masses and have been rendered massive , hard , splintery , and in some cases exceedingly tough and durable . Hornfels rocks were referred to by miners in northern England as whetstones . Most hornfels are fine-grained , and while the original rocks -LRB- such as sandstone , shale , slate , limestone and diabase -RRB- may have been more or less fissile owing to the presence of bedding or cleavage planes , this structure is effaced or rendered inoperative in the hornfels . Though they may show banding , due to bedding , etc. , they break across this as readily as along it ; in fact , they tend to separate into cubical fragments rather than into thin plates . The most common hornfels -LRB- the biotite hornfels -RRB- are dark-brown to black with a somewhat velvety luster owing to the abundance of small crystals of shining black mica . The lime hornfels are often white , yellow , pale-green , brown and other colors . Green and dark-green are the prevalent tints of the hornfels produced by the alteration of igneous rocks . Although for the most part the constituent grains are too small to be determined by the unaided eye , there are often larger crystals of cordierite , garnet or andalusite scattered through the fine matrix , and these may become very prominent on the weathered faces of the rock . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "Fancy_-LRB-Drake_song-RRB-", "The_Monster_-LRB-song-RRB-", "Wicked_-LRB-Ice_Cube_song-RRB-", "Monster_-LRB-Arashi_song-RRB-", "The_Language" ]

[ "`` Fancy '' is a song by Canadian recording artist Drake , from his debut album Thank Me Later . The song features vocals from American rappers T.I. and Swizz Beatz , the latter of whom also co-produced the track alongside Noah `` 40 '' Shebib . The song was released to US radio stations on August 3 , 2010 as the album 's fourth official single , however promotion of the track ended earlier than expected due to Drake 's uncertainty towards the song 's planned music video and promotion . The song contains a sample of `` I Do n't Want to Play Around '' by Ace Spectrum . The original version that had leaked features the chorus sung by Mary J. Blige and Swizz Beatz , while Swizz Beatz raps the first verse and the last two are sung by Blige . It was intended to be on Mary J. Blige 's album Stronger with Each Tear , but missed the deadline and was later given to Drake . Blige 's vocals were kept on Drake 's version as a backing vocal , though formally uncredited . The track received a nomination for Best Rap Performance By A Duo Or Group at the 53rd Annual Grammy Awards . ", "`` The Monster '' is a song by American rapper Eminem , featuring guest vocals from Barbadian singer Rihanna , taken from Eminem 's album The Marshall Mathers LP 2 -LRB- 2013 -RRB- . The song was written by Eminem , Jon Bellion , and Bebe Rexha , with production handled by Frequency . `` The Monster '' marks the fourth collaboration between Eminem and Rihanna , following `` Love the Way You Lie '' , its sequel `` Love the Way You Lie -LRB- Part II -RRB- '' -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , and `` Numb '' -LRB- 2012 -RRB- . `` The Monster '' was released on October 29 , 2013 , as the fourth single from the album . The song 's lyrics present Rihanna coming to grips with her inner demons , while Eminem ponders the negative effects of his fame . Upon release the song was met with positive reviews from music critics , who compared the song to `` Love the Way You Lie '' . `` The Monster '' has successfully charted worldwide , topping the charts in twelve countries including Australia , Canada , France , Ireland , New Zealand , Switzerland , the United Kingdom and the United States ' Billboard Hot 100 . It also marks Eminem 's first number one on the US Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Songs chart and has reached the top ten in Austria , Belgium , Italy and Spain . The song 's accompanying music video was directed by the American filmmaker Rich Lee , the video depicts Rihanna as Eminem 's therapist in a session , as previous videos from his career are shown and referenced including `` Mockingbird '' , `` My Name Is '' , `` Lose Yourself '' , `` 3 a.m. '' , `` The Way I Am '' and the 2001 Grammy Awards performance of `` Stan '' with Elton John . The video was well received and was nominated for several awards . Eminem and Rihanna performed the song live at the 2014 MTV Movie Awards . ", "Wicked is the first single from rapper Ice Cube 's third studio album The Predator . The additional vocals were performed by Don Jagwarr . The song 's music video was directed by Marcus Raboy and features Anthony Kiedis and Flea from the Red Hot Chili Peppers . ", "`` Monster '' is a song recorded by Japanese boy band Arashi . It was released on May 19 , 2010 by their record label J Storm . `` Monster '' is currently being used as the theme song to the drama starring Arashi member Satoshi Ohno . It was released as a CD single in two formats : a regular edition containing two B-sides and the instrumental of all the songs , and a limited edition containing the B-side and a DVD . ", "`` The Language '' is a song by Canadian rapper Drake from his third studio album Nothing Was the Same -LRB- 2013 -RRB- . `` The Language '' was produced by frequent collaborator Boi-1da , along with additional production by Allen Ritter and Vinylz . It also features an outro from Cash Money Records founder Birdman . The song was serviced to mainstream urban radio on October 29 , 2013 as the fourth single from the album in the US and has peaked at number 51 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 1, 1 ]

[ "Floyd_Mayweather_Jr.", "Fight_of_the_Century_-LRB-disambiguation-RRB-", "Zakeem_Graham", "Henrique_da_Silva_-LRB-fighter-RRB-", "Emanuel_Augustus" ]

[ "Floyd Joy Mayweather Jr. -LRB- born Floyd Joy Sinclair ; February 24 , 1977 -RRB- is an American former professional boxer who competed from 1996 to 2015 , and currently works as a boxing promoter . Widely considered to be one of the greatest boxers of all time , undefeated as a professional , and a five-division world champion , Mayweather won fifteen world titles and the lineal championship in four different weight classes -LRB- twice at welterweight -RRB- . As an amateur , he won a bronze medal in the featherweight division at the 1996 Olympics . Mayweather is a two-time winner of The Ring magazine 's Fighter of the Year award -LRB- 1998 and 2007 -RRB- , a three-time winner of the Boxing Writers Association of America -LRB- BWAA -RRB- Fighter of the Year award -LRB- 2007 , 2013 , and 2015 -RRB- , and a six-time winner of the Best Fighter ESPY Award -LRB- 2007 -- 2010 , 2012 -- 2014 -RRB- . In 2016 , Mayweather was ranked by ESPN as the greatest boxer , pound for pound , of the last 25 years . In the same year , he peaked as BoxRec 's number one fighter of all time , pound for pound , as well as the greatest welterweight of all time . Many sporting news and boxing websites ranked Mayweather as the best boxer in the world , pound for pound , twice in a span of ten years ; including The Ring , Sports Illustrated , ESPN , BoxRec , Fox Sports , and Yahoo! Sports . He is also regarded as the best defensive boxer in the sport , as well as being the most accurate puncher since the existence of CompuBox , having the highest plus -- minus ratio in recorded boxing history . He finished his career with a record of 26 wins without a loss or draw in world title fights -LRB- 10 by KO -RRB- ; 23 wins -LRB- 9 KOs -RRB- in lineal title fights ; 24 wins -LRB- 7 KOs -RRB- against former or current world titlists ; 12 wins -LRB- 3 KOs -RRB- against former or current lineal champions ; and 2 wins -LRB- 1 KO -RRB- against International Boxing Hall of Fame inductees . In addition to his accomplishments in the ring , Mayweather is well known for being one of the most lucrative pay-per-view -LRB- PPV -RRB- attractions of all time , in any sport . He topped the Forbes and Sports Illustrated lists of the 50 highest-paid athletes of 2012 and 2013 respectively , and the Forbes list again in both 2014 and 2015 , listing him as the highest paid athlete in the world . In 2007 , he founded Mayweather Promotions , his own boxing promotional firm after defecting from Bob Arum 's Top Rank . Mayweather has generated approximately 19.5 million in PPV buys and $ 1.3 billion in revenue throughout his career , surpassing the likes of former top PPV attractions including Mike Tyson , Evander Holyfield , Lennox Lewis , Oscar De La Hoya , and Manny Pacquiao . ", "Fight of the Century usually refers to the 1971 boxing match between Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier . Fight of the Century may also refer to : the 1910 boxing match between James Jeffries and Jack Johnson the 1921 boxing match between Georges Carpentier and Jack Dempsey the 1938 boxing match between Joe Louis and Max Schmeling the 2015 boxing match between Floyd Mayweather Jr. and Manny Pacquiao ", "Zakeem Graham -LRB- born October 4 , 1970 in Cincinnati , Ohio -RRB- , is a professional Heavyweight boxer , his nickname is `` Showtime '' . ", "Luis Henrique da Silva -LRB- born September 1 , 1989 -RRB- is a Brazilian mixed martial artist who competes in the Ultimate Fighting Championship . He currently competes in the light heavyweight division . ", "Emanuel Augustus -LRB- born January 2 , 1975 -RRB- , previously known as Emanuel Ya ` kov Burton , is an American former professional boxer who fought out of Brownsville , Texas . He faced top level competition throughout his career , winning the IBA light welterweight title in 2004 . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Pitch_Perfect_2", "Five_Star_Final_-LRB-play-RRB-", "Wicked_Summer", "Kim_Possible", "Pip_-LRB-South_Park-RRB-" ]

[ "Pitch Perfect 2 is a 2015 American comedy film directed and co-produced by Elizabeth Banks and written by Kay Cannon . It is a sequel to the 2012 film Pitch Perfect and the second installment in the Pitch Perfect series . The film centers on the fictional Barden University and The Bellas , an all-female a cappella singing group . The film features an ensemble cast , including Anna Kendrick , Rebel Wilson , Hailee Steinfeld , Brittany Snow , Alexis Knapp , Hana Mae Lee , Ester Dean , Chrissie Fit , Kelley Jakle and Shelley Regner as The Bellas . It was released on May 15 , 2015 by Universal Pictures . The film grossed over $ 287 million and surpassed the total gross of the original film -LRB- $ 115.4 million -RRB- in five days , and also became the highest-grossing music comedy film of all-time , overtaking School of Rock -LRB- $ 131.3 million -RRB- . A sequel , Pitch Perfect 3 , is set to be released on December 22 , 2017 . ", "Five Star Final is a play written by Louis Weitzenkorn . The story is a melodrama about the evils of tabloid journalism . Producer A. H. Woods staged it on Broadway , where it was a hit , running for 175 performances . ", "Wicked Summer was a planned TV series similar to the reality series Jersey Shore . According to its producers , it was to be filmed around Boston and Cape Cod in Massachusetts . After an open casting advertisement in 2010 , there has been no subsequent activity associated with the series . This show is not to be confused with the planned reality show that was planned to showcase people in South Boston . ", "Kim Possible is an American animated action comedy-adventure television series created by Bob Schooley and Mark McCorkle that originally aired on Disney Channel from June 7 , 2002 to September 7 , 2007 . The show revolves around eponymous high school student Kim Possible , a teenager tasked with fighting crime on a regular basis while coping with everyday issues commonly associated with adolescence . Kim is aided by her clumsy best friend and sidekick Ron Stoppable , his pet naked mole rat Rufus and 10 year-old computer genius Wade . Known collectively as Team Possible , the majority of Kim and Ron 's missions require them to thwart the evil plans of mad scientist -- supervillain duo Dr. Drakken and Shego , but they occasionally encounter other enemies as well . Veteran Disney Channel writers Schooley and McCorkle were recruited by the network to develop an animated series that could attract both younger and older audiences , and conceived Kim Possible as a show about a talented action heroine and her less competent sidekick . Inspired by the scarcity of female-led animated series at the time , the episodes , some of which are based on the creators ' own high school experiences , combine elements of action , adventure , drama , romance and comedy to appeal to both girls and boys , while parodying the James Bond franchise , spy and superhero films , and teen sitcoms . Distinct from other Disney Channel shows in its use of self-referential humor , Schooley and McCorkle developed fast-paced sitcom-style dialogue to cater to adult viewers . Set in fictional Middleton , USA , the show 's setting and locations exhibit a retro-influenced aesthetic . With a strong emphasis on modern-day technology and the Internet , the series also explores themes such as feminism , girl power and relationships , and receives heavy comparisons to other female-driven action shows such as Buffy the Vampire Slayer , Alias and The Powerpuff Girls . Kim Possible was the second animated Disney Channel Original Series , and the first series produced by Walt Disney Television Animation . Defying initially low expectations , the show premiered to critical acclaim and continued to be praised for its humor , writing and animation . Maintaining strong ratings since 2002 , Kim Possibles premiere was the most-watched of any Disney Channel Original Series . Originally canceled at the end of its third season in 2005 , Disney Channel unprecedentedly ordered a fourth installment of the series to appease devoted fans . Nominated for eight Emmy Awards , Kim Possible won one , for Outstanding Achievement in Sound Mixing - Live Action and Animation , in 2005 . Lasting four seasons and 87 episodes , the show is considered to be one of Disney Channel 's greatest and most successful , and remained the network 's longest-running series until surpassed by Phineas and Ferb in 2013 . The success of the series spawned two television films based on the show , Kim Possible : A Sitch in Time -LRB- 2003 -RRB- -- the first animated Disney Channel Original Movie -- and Kim Possible Movie : So the Drama -LRB- 2005 -RRB- , as well as a video game series . ", "`` Pip '' -LRB- also known as `` Great Expectations '' -RRB- is the fourteenth episode in the fourth season of the American animated television series South Park . The 62nd episode of the series overall , it first aired on Comedy Central in the United States on November 29 , 2000 . The episode is a parody and comedic retelling of Charles Dickens 's 1861 novel Great Expectations , and stars the South Park character Pip , who assumes the role of Pip , the protagonist of the novel , who is his namesake . `` Pip '' features no other regular characters from the show . The story is narrated in a live action parody of the anthology television series Masterpiece Theatre , with the narrator played by Malcolm McDowell . Pip as a character was established to originate from the Dickens novel early on in the series , and South Park creators Trey Parker and Matt Stone had the idea of retelling Great Expectations with the character for a long time . `` Pip '' has a unique design and animation compared to other episodes . To achieve this look , a lot of assets had to be built from scratch . This was a demanding task for the South Park studios at the time , and production of the episode was stretched out across several months . The concept of the episode changed significantly during this time ; for example , the original plan was for the episode to be a musical . Parker and Stone claim that `` Pip '' is one of the least popular episodes . The episode was written by Parker and directed by animation director Eric Stough . Since its original airing , it has been re-run infrequently on Comedy Central . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 1, 1 ]

[ "Jiang_Wen", "Jiang_Wu", "Jiang_Shiquan", "Jiang_Jufeng", "Craig_J._Nevius" ]

[ "Jiang Wen -LRB- born 5 January 1963 -RRB- is a Chinese film actor , screenwriter , and director . As a director , he is sometimes grouped with the `` Sixth Generation '' that emerged in the 1990s . Jiang is also well known internationally as an actor , having starred with Gong Li in Zhang Yimou 's debut film Red Sorghum -LRB- 1986 -RRB- , and more recently as Baze Malbus in the Star Wars anthology film Rogue One -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . He is the older brother of fellow actor Jiang Wu . ", "Jiang Wu -LRB- born 4 November 1967 -RRB- is a Chinese actor . He starred in Zhang Yimou 's To Live -LRB- 1994 -RRB- , and Zhang Yang 's Shower -LRB- 1999 -RRB- . He is the younger brother of Jiang Wen and is or was a member of the Beijing Experimental Theatre Troupe . ", "Jiang Shiquan -LRB- 1725 -- 1785 -RRB- was a Chinese poet of the Qing dynasty . He was active during the Qianlong and Jiaqing eras of the Qing dynasty , and was classed as one of the `` Three Great Masters of the Qianlong Era '' along with Yuan Mei and Zhao Yi . Jiang stated that he learned from Li Shangyin when he was 15 , turned to study Du Fu and Han Yu when he was 19 , and studied Su Shi and Huang Tingjian at the age of 40 , and abandoned the style of the ancient authors to write his own poets . He was against the restorative trend of the `` Former and Latter Seven Masters '' , and disagreed with the poetry theories of Weng Fanggang and Shen Deqian . He claimed to absorb both the styles of Tang and Song . But his comprehension of `` Xingling '' was different from that of Yuan Mei . Today we know about 2500 of his poems . Jiang also wrote Ci and proses . He was also an important playwright , leaving us 16 plays . ", "Jiang Jufeng -LRB- ; born 1948 -RRB- is a Chinese politician . He served as the Governor of Sichuan from 2007 to 2013 . Jiang was born in 1948 in Zhuji , Zhejiang Province . He served as Governor of Sichuan Province since January 2007 , when he succeeded longtime Governor Zhang Zhongwei , who was in office from June 1999 to January 2007 . Jiang was re-elected Governor on January 27 , 2008 , at the first session of the 11th Sichuan Provincial People 's Congress . He left office in 2013 , then joined the National People 's Congress Environment Protection and Resources Conservation Committee as a deputy chair . ", "Craig J. Nevius is an American playwright , screenwriter and film producer . He is the owner of Windmill Entertainment LLC , a television development and production company that specializes in both scripted and unscripted projects with pop culture appeal . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 0 ]