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nikchar

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retrieval_verification_roberta

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[ "Sierra_Morena", "Josefina_Aguilar", "Trasmiera", "Museo_de_Cultura_Popular", "Selvagem_Pequena_Island" ]

[ "The Sierra Morena is one of the main systems of mountain ranges in Spain . It stretches for 450 kilometres from east to west across the south of the Iberian Peninsula , forming the southern border of the Meseta Central plateau and providing the watershed between the valleys of the Guadiana to the north and the west , and the Guadalquivir to the south . Its highest summit is 1,332 m high Bañuela . Other notable peaks are Corral de Borros 1,312 m and Cerro de la Estrella 1,298 m. The name Sierra Morena has a strong legendary reputation in Spanish culture and tradition , with myths about bandits -LRB- Los bandidos de Sierra Morena -RRB- , a giant snake -LRB- El Saetón de Sierra Morena -RRB- and a child brought up by wolves -LRB- Marcos Rodríguez Pantoja -RRB- , among others . This range is also mentioned in the famous Mexican song `` Cielito Lindo '' and in one of the most well known traditional Spanish songs , `` Soy Minero '' , interpreted by Antonio Molina . ", "Josefina Aguilar is a Mexican folk artist from Ocotlán de Morelos , Oaxaca . Josefina was mentored by her mother -LRB- Isaura Alcantara Díaz -RRB- and grandmother . She began learning her craft from them when she was six years old . She is best known for her small clay figurines , called muñecas -LRB- dolls -RRB- , an art form she learned from her mother Isaura Aguilar . Aguilar uses red clay to create depictions of everyday village activities , religious and folkloric scenes , famous figures and special Day of the Dead statues . Collectors of her work include Nelson Rockefeller , who discovered her work on a trip to Oaxaca in 1975 as well as repeat visitors to Oaxaca , who come to see her latest work . Children 's book author Jeanette Winter has written and illustrated a counting book inspired by Aguilar 's life and work . ", "Trasmiera -LRB- Spanish : Trasmiera ; Cantabrian and historically : Tresmiera -RRB- is a historic comarca of Cantabria -LRB- Spain -RRB- , located to the east of the Miera River -LRB- tras Miera , meaning behind Miera , from the point of view of Asturias de Santillana -RRB- , reaching the western side of the Asón . It extends between the bays of Santander and Santoña , occupying most of the Eastern seaboard of Cantabria . This piece of coast is known for its cliffs and fine beaches , such as those of Langre , Loredo , Isla , Noja and Berria . Towards the interior , the comarca offers large prairies as well as considerable hotel and camping development . It is subdivided into the municipalities of Argoños , Arnuero , Bárcena de Cicero , Bareyo , Entrambasaguas , Escalante , Hazas de Cesto , Liérganes , Marina de Cudeyo , Medio Cudeyo , Meruelo , Miera , Noja , Ribamontán al Mar , Ribamontán al Monte , Riotuerto , Santoña , Solórzano and Voto . ", "Museo de Cultura Popular is a museum in the village of Santa Lucia de Barva , just south of Barva , Costa Rica . It is located in the former home of ex-president Alfredo Gonzalez Flores . It has a number of notable displays related to 19th century Costa Rica , demonstrating the fashion and popular culture during this period . ", "Selvagem Pequena Island -LRB- lit . Small Wild/Savage Island ; size : 800 x 500 m -RRB- is an island in the Southeast Group of the Savage Islands , Madeira , Portugal . Its fauna and flora are well-preserved due to lack of human interference . In the 1890 book The Cruise of the Alerte , the island was called the ` Great Piton ' . It has an active lighthouse . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 0, 0 ]

[ "The_Winds_of_Winter", "Warm_Winds", "The_Winter's_Tale_-LRB-opera-RRB-", "Catch_the_Wind_-LRB-1971_album-RRB-", "A_Dance_with_Dragons" ]

[ "The Winds of Winter is the forthcoming sixth novel in the epic fantasy series A Song of Ice and Fire by George R. R. Martin . The previous installment , A Dance with Dragons , covered less story than Martin intended , excluding at least one planned large battle sequence and leaving several character threads ending in cliffhangers . Martin intends to resolve these storylines `` very early '' in The Winds of Winter , saying `` I 'm going to open with the two big battles that I was building up to , the battle in the ice and the battle at Meereen -- the battle of Slaver 's Bay . And then take it from there . '' A Victarion Greyjoy chapter will begin five minutes after the end of A Dance with Dragons , taking place on the eve of the Iron Islanders ' arrival in Slaver 's Bay . Arianne Martell sample chapters that Martin released on his website showed her heading for Griffin 's Roost to see the young man who is calling himself Aegon . Martin said in March 2012 that the final two novels will take readers farther north than any of the previous books , and that the Others will appear in the book . ", "Warm Winds is an album by organist Charles Kynard and flautist Buddy Collette recorded in 1964 in California and released on the World Pacific label . ", "The Winter 's Tale is an opera in three acts by Ryan Wigglesworth . The libretto is by the composer , based on the play of the same name by William Shakespeare . The opera , in a production directed by Rory Kinnear , and conducted by the composer , was premiered at the English National Opera on 27 February 2017 . ", "Catch the Wind is a compilation album from Scottish singer-songwriter Donovan . It was released in the United Kingdom -LRB- Hallmark Records HMA 200 -RRB- in 1971 and did not chart . This 1971 release bears little resemblance to the 1965 version of What 's Bin Did and What 's Bin Hid released as Catch the Wind in the United States . ", "A Dance with Dragons is the fifth of seven planned novels in the epic fantasy series A Song of Ice and Fire by American author George R. R. Martin . In some areas the paperback edition was published in two parts titled Dreams and Dust and After the Feast . It was the first novel in the series to be published following the commencement of the HBO series adaptation , Game of Thrones , and runs to 1,040 pages . On March 3 , 2011 , publishing imprint Bantam Spectra announced that the novel would be released on July 12 , 2011 . Martin delivered the manuscript to his editor on April 27 , 2011 ; however , as early as 2006 , Martin made sample chapters available on his website and at Amazon.co.uk . Additionally , the German branch of Amazon.com -LRB- Amazon.de -RRB- released a reported 180 copies two weeks early by mistake . The US hardcover was officially published on July 12 , 2011 , having gone back to press for six printings -LRB- totaling more than 650,000 copies -RRB- prior to the 1,000 + page novel being available ; 298,000 copies in print , digital , and audio formats were sold that first day alone , becoming publishing giant Random House 's biggest book of 2011 and a runaway bestseller . The book was the second in the series to debut at the # 1 position on the New York Times Best Seller list . A few weeks after publication , A Dance with Dragons went on to be # 1 on both Publishers Weekly and USA Today Bestsellers lists . The novel , along with A Feast for Crows , has been adapted for television as the fifth season of Game of Thrones , although elements of the book have also appeared in the series ' third , fourth and sixth seasons . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Stomp_the_Yard", "List_of_Child's_Play_characters", "Hatchet_II", "Scary_or_Die", "The_Coven_-LRB-film-RRB-" ]

[ "Stomp the Yard is a 2007 dance drama film produced by Rainforest Films and released through Sony Pictures ' Screen Gems division on January 12 , 2007 . Directed by Sylvain White , Stomp the Yard centers on DJ Williams , a college student at a fictional historically Black university who pledges to join a fictional Greek-letter fraternity . The film 's central conflict involves DJ 's fraternity competing in various stepping competitions against a rival fraternity from the same school . The film 's script was written by Robert Adetuyi , working from an original draft by Gregory Ramon Anderson . The film was originally titled Steppin '' ' , but to avoid confusion over the 2006 film Step Up , the title was changed . Delta Sigma Theta along with other sororities like Gamma Theta were in the movie . The film stars Columbus Short , Meagan Good , Darrin Henson , Brian White , Laz Alonso , and Valarie Pettiford , with Harry Lennix , and , in their film debuts , R&B singers Ne-Yo & Chris Brown . Stomp the Yard was filmed in Atlanta , Georgia , on the campuses of Morris Brown College , Georgia Institute of Technology , Morehouse College , and Clark Atlanta University , and in the MAK Historic District of Decatur , Georgia . Elsewhere Short and Brown had also starred together in the film This Christmas '' . ", "Chucky is an American horror franchise that consists of six slasher films and numerous comic books . The main antagonist is Chucky , also known as Charles Lee Ray , the notorious Lakeshore Strangler , whose soul was passed into a Good Guy Doll . Chucky pursues a variation of victims in each installment , usually with the purpose of possessing the body of a new human host . Recurring characters in the series include Chucky 's first target , Andy Barclay , and his wife , Tiffany . ", "Hatchet II is a 2010 American slasher film written and directed by Adam Green . It is the sequel to Green 's film , Hatchet . Picking up right where the first film ended , Hatchet II follows Marybeth as she escapes the clutches of the deformed , swamp-dwelling killer Victor Crowley . After learning the truth about her family 's connection to the hatchet-wielding madman , Marybeth returns to the Louisiana swamps along with an army of hunters to recover the bodies of her family and exact the bloodiest revenge against the bayou butcher . The film sees the return of Kane Hodder and Tony Todd who portrayed Victor Crowley and Reverend Zombie in the 2006 film , respectively . Danielle Harris portrays Marybeth , a role originally played by Tamara Feldman . The film was originally screened at the 2010 London FrightFest Film Festival on August 26 , 2010 . It was released unrated in the United States on October 1 , 2010 . ", "Scary or Die is a 2012 American horror anthology film that was directed by Bob Badway , Michael Emanuel , and Igor Meglic . The film was released on video on demand on May 1 , 2012 and on DVD on September 11 , 2012 . Initially titled Terror Bytes , the film 's name was later changed to coincide with a horror website by the same name that Emanuel ran with his co-director Igor Meglic and two other filmmakers . The anthology stars Domiziano Arcangeli , Corbin Bleu , and Bill Oberst Jr. , and is composed of five interlocking stories set within the city of Los Angeles . ", "The Coven is a 2015 United Kingdom fantasy horror feature film directed by John Mackie -LRB- director -RRB- and starring Dexter Fletcher . It is stated that the film is based upon actual events . The plot revolves around a Wiccan group , whose leader Uri Clef , and seven followers disappear . They were last seen at The Coven , a ring of trees in Queens Wood once used as a meeting place by practitioners of Cochrane 's Craft . Some schoolkids are drawn to visit Queen 's Wood in Highgate on Halloween . The film was finally released direct to DVD in the UK on 16 March 2015 . " ]

[ 1, 2, 0, 2, 2 ]

[ "Ekta_Kapoor", "Kahaani_Ghar_Ghar_Kii", "Dheeraj_Kumar", "Kumkum_Bhagya", "Kareena_Kapoor" ]

[ "Ekta Kapoor -LRB- born 7 June 1975 -RRB- is an Indian TV and film producer . She is the Joint Managing Director and Creative Director of Balaji Telefilms , her production company . Kapoor is the daughter of actor Jeetendra and Shobha Kapoor . Her younger brother Tusshar Kapoor is also a Bollywood actor . She did her schooling at Bombay Scottish School , Mahim and attended college at Mithibai College . She has produced numerous soap opera , television series and movies . Some soap operas she had worked on include Hum Paanch , Kyunki Saas Bhi Kabhi Bahu Thi , Kahaani Ghar Ghar Ki , Kasautii Zindagii Kay , Pavitra Rishta , Bade Acche Lagte Hain , and Jodha Akbar . Kapoor has also produced the television series Naagin , Ye Hai Mohabbatein , Kumkum Bhagya , Kavach and Kasam Tere Pyaar Ki . She has also launched her fashion series with EK Label . She ventured into Bollywood movie production in 2001 beginning with Kyo Kii ... Main Jhuth Nahin Bolta , Kucch To Hai and Krishna Cottage based on supernatural themes followed in 2003 and 2004 . Kyaa Kool Hai Hum starred her brother Tusshar Kapoor . She then went on to co-produce Shootout at Lokhandwala with Sanjay Gupta . Mission Istanbul and EMI -- Liya Hai Toh Chukana Padhega in collaboration with Sunil Shetty followed . In 2010 to 2014 she released a number of films including Love Sex aur Dhokha , Once Upon a Time in Mumbaai , and Shor in the City . ", "Kahaani Ghar Ghar Kii -LRB- English : The Story of Each Home -RRB- is a Hindi-language soap opera on Indian television which ran on Star Plus from 16 October 2000 . The soap opera was created by Ekta Kapoor and was produced by her production company Balaji Telefilms . The show explored the worlds of its protagonists Parvati Aggarwal and Om Aggarwal , who live in a joint family where by Parvati is an ideal daughter-in-law of Aggarwal family and Om the ideal son . The show is the story of the sons of Vishwanath Aggarwal -LRB- Deepak Qazir Kejriwal -RRB- and their children thereof . The show also had Ali Asgar who played the role of Kammal Aggarwal , Shweta Kawatra / Achint Kaur who played the role of Pallavi Aggarwal as the major supporting cast . Kahaani Ghar Ghar Kii was dubbed in Sinhala and broadcast on Sirasa TV . The series was dubbed in English and broadcast on Omnitrix TV -LRB- DStv Channel 157 , Openview HD Channel 110 and StarSat Channel 161 -RRB- , on 14 February 2021 , at 11h30 am . And a rebroadcasting in South Africa and airs on SABC 3 , on 12 February 2020 , at 8:00 PM . ", "Dheeraj Kapoor is an Indian actor , television producer and director . He started Creative Eye Limited , a television production house in 1986 . He acted in both Bollywood and Punjabi movies , including Sargam -LRB- 1979 -RRB- , Roti Kapada Aur Makaan -LRB- 1974 -RRB- and Beharoopia -LRB- 1971 -RRB- . ", "Kumkum Bhagya -LRB- English : Vermillion In My Fate -RRB- is a Hindi-language Indian soap opera which premiered on 15 April 2014 . and is broadcast on weeknights on Zee TV . The show is loosely based on the novel Sense and Sensibility by Jane Austen . Kumkum Bhagya is its Indian interpretation , which follows the life of a Hindu-Punjabi matriarch , Sarla Arora , who runs a marriage hall . Sarla lives with the hope of seeing her two daughters Pragya and Bulbul , happily married some day . The pivotal characters of this show are strong , feisty women , living together in an all-female matriarchal family . The series stars Sriti Jha , Shabbir Ahluwalia with Mrunal Thakur , Arjit Taneja/Vin Rana , Shikha Singh and Leena Jumani in supporting roles . The series is produced by Ekta Kapoor under the banner Balaji Telefilms . Continuing her tradition , Ekta Kapoor has named the series starting with the letter `` K '' because she feels it is lucky . The show is directed by Sameer Kulkarni and developed by Ekta Kapoor . ", "Kareena Kapoor -LRB- -LSB- kəˈriːnaː kəˈpuːr -RSB- ; born 21 September 1980 -RRB- , also known by her married name Kareena Kapoor Khan , is an Indian actress who appears in Hindi films . She is the daughter of actors Randhir Kapoor and Babita , and the younger sister of actress Karisma Kapoor . Noted for playing a variety of characters in a range of film genres -- from romantic comedies to crime dramas -- Kapoor is the recipient of several awards , including six Filmfare Awards , and is one of Bollywood 's most popular and highest-paid actresses . After making her acting debut in the 2000 war film Refugee , Kapoor established herself in Hindi cinema with roles in the historical drama Aśoka , and the blockbuster melodrama Kabhi Khushi Kabhie Gham ... -LRB- both 2001 -RRB- . This initial success was followed by a series of commercial failures and repetitive roles , which garnered her negative reviews . The year 2004 marked a turning point for Kapoor when she played against type in the role of a sex worker in the drama Chameli . She subsequently earned wide critical recognition for her portrayal of a riot victim in the 2004 drama Dev and a character based on William Shakespeare 's heroine Desdemona in the 2006 crime film Omkara . She went on to receive Filmfare Awards for Best Actress and Best Supporting Actress for her performances in the 2007 romantic comedy Jab We Met and the 2010 drama We Are Family , respectively . Kapoor achieved further success by featuring as the female lead in two of India 's top-grossing productions -- the 2009 comedy-drama 3 Idiots and the 2015 social drama Bajrangi Bhaijaan -- and received praise for her roles in the 2009 thriller Kurbaan and the 2012 drama Heroine . Married to actor Saif Ali Khan , with whom she has a son , Kapoor 's off-screen life is the subject of widespread coverage in India . She has a reputation for being outspoken and assertive , and is recognised for her contributions to the film industry through her fashion style and film roles . In addition to film acting , Kapoor is a stage performer and has contributed as a co-author to three books : an autobiographical memoir and two nutrition guides . She has also launched her own clothing line in association with the retail chain Globus . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 2, 0 ]

[ "Savages_-LRB-Pocahontas_song-RRB-", "Pocahontas", "Pocahontas,_Missouri", "Pocahontas_-LRB-soundtrack-RRB-", "Waipapa_-LRB-canoe-RRB-" ]

[ "`` Savages '' is a song from the 1995 Disney animated film Pocahontas . It addresses themes of othering , xenophobia , and genocide . The song has been negatively received by critics , with some deeming it to be racist , arguing that it encourages the listener to dehumanise Native Americans . ", "Pocahontas -LRB- born Matoaka , known as Amonute , 1596 -- 1617 -RRB- was a Native American woman notable for her association with the colonial settlement at Jamestown , Virginia . Pocahontas was the daughter of Powhatan , the paramount chief of a network of tributary tribal nations in the Tsenacommacah , encompassing the Tidewater region of Virginia . In a well-known historical anecdote , she is said to have saved the life of a captive of the Native Americans , the Englishman John Smith , in 1607 by placing her head upon his own when her father raised his war club to execute him . Some historians have suggested that this story , as told by Smith , is untrue . Pocahontas was captured by the English during Anglo-Indian hostilities in 1613 , and held for ransom . During her captivity , she converted to Christianity and took the name Rebecca . When the opportunity arose for her to return to her people , she chose to remain with the English . In April 1614 , she married tobacco planter John Rolfe , and in January 1615 , bore their son , Thomas Rolfe . In 1616 , the Rolfes traveled to London . Pocahontas was presented to English society as an example of the `` civilized savage '' in hopes of stimulating investment in the Jamestown settlement . She became something of a celebrity , was elegantly fêted , and attended a masque at Whitehall Palace . In 1617 , the Rolfes set sail for Virginia , but Pocahontas died at Gravesend of unknown causes . She was buried in a church in Gravesend in the United Kingdom , but the exact location of her grave is unknown . Numerous places , landmarks , and products in the United States have been named after Pocahontas . Her story has been romanticized over the years , and she is a subject of art , literature , and film . Many famous people have claimed to be among her descendants through her son Thomas , including members of the First Families of Virginia , First Lady Edith Wilson , American Western actor Glenn Strange , and astronomer Percival Lowell . ", "Pocahontas is a village in Cape Girardeau County , Missouri , United States . The population was 114 at the 2010 census . It is part of the Cape Girardeau -- Jackson , MO-IL Metropolitan Statistical Area . ", "Pocahontas : An Original Walt Disney Records Soundtrack is the soundtrack to the 1995 Disney animated film , Pocahontas . It was released by Walt Disney Records on May 23 , 1995 on CD and audio cassette . The soundtrack contains songs from the film , including each instrumental song , written by Alan Menken and Stephen Schwartz , and conducted by David Friedman . The main songs were performed by artists : Judy Kuhn , Mel Gibson , Linda Hunt , Jim Cummings , David Ogden Stiers , and Bobbi Page . The soundtrack features two hit singles ; `` Colors of the Wind '' performed by singer and actress Vanessa Williams , and the film 's love theme song `` If I Never Knew You '' performed by recording artists Jon Secada and Shanice . On August 7 , 2015 , in honor of the 20th anniversary of the film , a new edition of the soundtrack was released as part of the Walt Disney Records : The Legacy Collection series . The new edition includes the film 's complete original soundtrack in chronological order , along with six demo recordings in a two-disc set . There are 28 tracks on disc one , and 8 tracks on disc two . This release includes the song `` If I Never Knew You '' , performed by Judy Kuhn and Mel Gibson in the film . The original song performed by the characters was cut from the film , and not included on the original soundtrack . The song was put back into the movie when it was re-released for the 10th anniversary of the film , and finally featured on the new edition of the soundtrack . ", "In Māori tradition , Waipapa was one of the great ocean-going , voyaging canoes that was used in the migrations that settled New Zealand . In the Māori traditions of Northland , the Waipapa is said to have landed in Doubtless Bay . The captain asked his crew to take tawapou log rollers off the canoe , which had been carried from Hawaiki , and plant them on the slopes of a nearby hill . From the rollers grew a grove of tawapou trees that today serve as a memorial of the arrival of the canoe . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Cthulhu", "The_Trail_of_Cthulhu", "Insect_from_Shaggai", "Anupam_Sinha", "Yaacov_Schul" ]

[ "Cthulhu -LRB- -LSB- - all -LRB- k -RRB- ʟ̝̊ʊlʔɬuː -RSB- -RRB- is a cosmic entity created by writer H. P. Lovecraft and first introduced in the short story `` The Call of Cthulhu '' , published in the American pulp magazine Weird Tales in 1928 . Considered a Great Old One within the pantheon of Lovecraftian cosmic entities , the creature has since been featured in numerous popular culture references . Lovecraft depicts Cthulhu as a gigantic entity worshipped by cultists . Cthulhu 's appearance is described as looking like an octopus , a dragon and a caricature of human form . Its name was given to the Lovecraft-inspired universe where it and its fellow entities existed , the Cthulhu Mythos . ", "The Trail of Cthulhu is a series of interconnected short stories written by August Derleth as part of the Cthulhu Mythos genre of horror fiction . The stories chronicle the struggles of Laban Shrewsbury and his companions against the Great Old Ones , particularly Cthulhu . The stories were originally published in Weird Tales from 1944 to 1952 , and were republished in collected form as The Trail of Cthulhu by Arkham House in 1962 in an edition of 2,470 copies . ", "An Insect from Shaggai is a member of a fictional alien race -LRB- also known as the Shan -RRB- in the Cthulhu Mythos . The being was created by British author Ramsey Campbell , who was inspired by a similar creature in H. P. Lovecraft 's commonplace book . The Shan first appeared in Campbell 's short story `` The Insects From Shaggai '' -LRB- 1964 -RRB- . ", "Anupam Sinha is an Indian comic book artist and writer , credited as the creator of the Raj Comics superhero Super Commando Dhruva . The BusinessWorld website said that Sinha revolutionised Indian comics with his work at Raj Comics . Starting his career in 1975 at the age of 13 for a small magazine called Deewana Tej at Kanpur , Sinha got his `` big break '' four years later , when he joined Diamond Comics . While working on popular comics such as Tauji and Jadoo Ka Danda , Sinha also attended Kanpur 's Christchurch College . He worked with Diamond Comics creating Fauladi Singh comics Fauladi Singh Aur Shaitan Tarwill , Fauladi Singh Ki Tarwill se Takkar and Fauladi Singh aur Vinash Ke Pujari . In 2012 , he published his very first full-length fiction , The Virtuals . ", "Yaacov Schul -LRB- born 1951 -RRB- is an Israeli professor of cognitive and social psychology at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem . " ]

[ 0, 2, 2, 1, 0 ]

[ "No_Strings_Attached_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Soon_-LRB-EP-RRB-", "Baby_81_-LRB-album-RRB-", "Out_of_Control_-LRB-Nothing's_Carved_in_Stone_song-RRB-", "Gifts_-LRB-song-RRB-" ]

[ "No Strings Attached is a 2011 American romantic comedy film directed by Ivan Reitman and written by Elizabeth Meriwether . Starring Natalie Portman and Ashton Kutcher , the film is about two friends who decide to make a pact to have `` no strings attached '' casual sex without falling in love with each other . The film was released in the United States on January 21 , 2011 . ", "Soon is an EP released in 1997 by American rock band Far . It contains two songs later released on their 1998 release `` Water & Solutions '' , an acoustic version of a song released on their earlier release `` Tin Cans With Strings To You '' , and one song previously unreleased . This EP was a limited release and has long been out of print , it is extremely hard to find . ", "Baby 81 is the fourth studio album by American rock band Black Rebel Motorcycle Club . It was released on April 30 , 2007 in Europe and on May 1 , 2007 in the U.S. . The album features a harder , more raw sound compared with their previous record Howl . It was also a studio comeback for drummer Nick Jago who was unable to participate during the recordings of Howl -LRB- other than the last track recorded during the sessions , ` Promise ' -RRB- . A DualDisc edition of the album was set to be released on May 1 in the U.S. ; however , it has since been canceled . The album debuted at number 46 on the U.S. Billboard 200 , selling about 14,000 copies in its first week . The album title refers to Baby 81 , a survivor of the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake . The track `` Weapon Of Choice '' is featured in the bonus setlist in Guitar Hero : World Tour , Driver : San Francisco , and as downloadable content for Rock Band . It is also featured in the racing game Ferrari Challenge : Trofeo Pirelli . `` Need Some Air '' was featured in NASCAR 08 . Tracks `` Berlin '' and `` Weapon of Choice '' was featured in Shaun White Snowboarding . A short film was created for the American X track and can be found on the American X EP and the Live DVD released from the Baby 81 Tour . ", "`` Out of Control '' is a single by the Japanese rock band Nothing 's Carved in Stone released on March 6 , 2013 . The music was used as the second opening theme for the anime series Psycho-Pass . ", "`` Gifts '' is the second single from Ray J 's album All I Feel . The video was released on June 12 , 2008 . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "The_SpongeBob_SquarePants_Movie", "SpongeBob_SquarePants_-LRB-character-RRB-", "SpongeBob_SquarePants_-LRB-season_10-RRB-", "SpongeBob_SquarePants", "Dunces_and_Dragons" ]

[ "The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie is a 2004 American animated adventure comedy film based on the Nickelodeon television series SpongeBob SquarePants . The film was directed by series creator Stephen Hillenburg and starred the series ' cast of Tom Kenny , Bill Fagerbakke , Clancy Brown , Rodger Bumpass and Mr. Lawrence , with guest performances by Scarlett Johansson , Jeffrey Tambor , Alec Baldwin and David Hasselhoff . It was produced by Hillenburg 's production company United Plankton Pictures and Nickelodeon Movies , it was distributed by Paramount Pictures and also it was first film in the SpongeBob SquarePants film series . In the film , Plankton devises a plan to steal King Neptune 's crown and send it to Shell City , and SpongeBob and Patrick must retrieve the crown to save Mr. Krabs from King Neptune 's wrath and Bikini Bottom from Plankton 's plan . Previous offers by Paramount Pictures for a film adaptation of SpongeBob SquarePants had been rejected by Stephen Hillenburg , but he eventually accepted one offer in 2002 . A writing team consisting of Hillenburg , Paul Tibbitt , Derek Drymon , Aaron Springer , Kent Osborne and Tim Hill was assembled , conceiving the idea of a mythical hero 's quest and the search for a stolen crown , which would bring SpongeBob and Patrick to the surface . The film was originally intended as the series finale , but Nickelodeon ordered more episodes of the series as the series had become increasingly profitable , so Hillenburg resigned as showrunner , with Tibbitt taking Hillenburg 's place . The film was promoted immensely by Paramount and Nickelodeon , with tie-in promotions made by 7-Eleven , the Cayman Islands and Burger King , which decorated various of its franchises with 9 ft SpongeBob inflatable figures . The film was a box office success and grossed $ 85 million in the United States and $ 140 million worldwide , and received generally positive reviews from critics . A stand-alone sequel titled The SpongeBob Movie : Sponge Out of Water was released on February 6 , 2015 , and a third film is scheduled for release on August 2 , 2019 . ", "SpongeBob SquarePants is the titular character and protagonist of the American animated television series of the same name . He is voiced by actor and comedian Tom Kenny , and first appeared on television in the series ' pilot episode on May 1 , 1999 . SpongeBob SquarePants was created and designed by cartoonist and marine biologist Stephen Hillenburg shortly after the cancellation of Rocko 's Modern Life in 1996 . Hillenburg intended to create a series about an over-optimistic sponge that annoys other characters . Hillenburg compared the concept to Laurel and Hardy and Pee-wee Herman . As he drew the character , he decided that a `` squeaky-clean square '' -LRB- like a kitchen sponge -RRB- fit the concept . His name is derived from `` Bob the Sponge '' , the host of Hillenburg 's comic strip The Intertidal Zone that he originally drew in the 1980s while teaching marine biology to visitors of the Ocean Institute . SpongeBob is a naïve and goofy sea sponge who works as a fry cook in the fictional underwater town of Bikini Bottom . The character has received positive critical response from media critics and achieved popularity with both children and adults , though he has been involved in public controversy . SpongeBob appeared in a We Are Family Foundation video promoting tolerance , which was criticized by James Dobson of Focus on the Family because of the foundation 's link to homosexuality . ", "The tenth season of the American animated television series SpongeBob SquarePants , created by former marine biologist and animator Stephen Hillenburg , began airing on Nickelodeon in the United States on October 15 , 2016 . It opened with the episode `` Whirly Brains '' and is scheduled to conclude with `` Feral Friends '' and `` Do n't Wake Patrick '' . The series chronicles the exploits and adventures of the title character and his various friends in the fictional underwater city of Bikini Bottom . The season was executive produced by series creator Hillenburg and was the first season of the show not to involve long-time crew member and former showrunner Paul Tibbitt . The showrunners for this season were Marc Ceccarelli and Vincent Waller , who also acted as supervising producers . It is the shortest season , containing 11 episodes instead of the usual 26-episode length . The show received several accolades during the run of its tenth season , including the 2017 Kids ' Choice Award for Favorite Cartoon . The series was also nominated in various international Kids ' Choice Awards ceremonies for the same category . The show received a pending nomination at the BAFTA Children 's Awards for the International category as well . ", "SpongeBob SquarePants is an American animated television series created by marine biologist and animator Stephen Hillenburg for Nickelodeon . The series chronicles the adventures and endeavors of the title character and his various friends in the fictional underwater city of Bikini Bottom . The series ' popularity has made it a media franchise , as well as the highest rated series to ever air on Nickelodeon , and the most distributed property of MTV Networks . As of 2015 , the media franchise has generated $ 12 billion in merchandising revenue for Nickelodeon . Many of the ideas for the series originated in an unpublished educational comic book titled The Intertidal Zone , which Hillenburg created in 1989 . He began developing SpongeBob SquarePants into a television series in 1996 upon the cancellation of Rocko 's Modern Life , and turned to Tom Kenny , who had worked with him on that series , to voice the title character . SpongeBob was originally going to be named SpongeBoy , and the series was to be called SpongeBoy Ahoy ! , but these were both changed , as the name was already trademarked . Nickelodeon held a preview for the series in the United States on May 1 , 1999 , following the television airing of the 1999 Kids ' Choice Awards . The series officially premiered on July 17 , 1999 . It has received worldwide critical acclaim since its premiere and gained enormous popularity by its second season . A feature film , The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie , was released in theaters on November 19 , 2004 , and a sequel was released on February 6 , 2015 . On October 15 , 2016 , the series began airing its current tenth season , beginning with the episode `` Whirly Brains '' . In May 2017 , the show was announced to be renewed for a 12th season . The series has won a variety of awards , including six Annie Awards , eight Golden Reel Awards , two Emmy Awards , 12 Kids ' Choice Awards , and two BAFTA Children 's Awards . Despite its widespread popularity , the series has been involved in several public controversies , including one centered on speculation over SpongeBob 's intended sexual orientation , and another focusing on the perceived declining quality of the show 's content since the release of the first film . In 2011 , a newly described species of fungi , Spongiforma squarepantsii , was named after the cartoon 's title character . ", "`` Dunces and Dragons '' , also known as `` Lost in Time '' , is the sixth episode of the fourth season and the 66th overall episode of the American animated television series SpongeBob SquarePants . It was written by Zeus Cervas , Erik Wiese and Tim Hill , and the animation was directed by supervising director , Alan Smart and Tom Yasumi . Cervas and Wiese also functioned as storyboard directors . The episode originally aired on Nickelodeon in the United States on February 20 , 2006 as a half-hour special . The series follows the adventures and endeavors of the title character and his various friends in the underwater city of Bikini Bottom . In this episode , SpongeBob and Patrick go back in time . There , they find that Mr. Krabs ' ancestor is the ruler of the kingdom , which is being attacked by Planktonimor , Plankton 's ancestor and an evil wizard . SpongeBob and Patrick , assisted by Squidly , a jester and ancestor of Squidward , and the Dark Knight , Sandy 's ancestor , have to rescue Princess Pearl , ancestor of Pearl and King Krabs ' daughter , who has been captured by Planktominor the wizard . Tie-in promotions were made with Burger King , which released a series of toys based on the episode . `` Dunces and Dragons '' was the most successful of the season , drawing 8.6 million viewers , and was met with positive reviews . It was also elected as the third most-voted episode on the Best Day Ever Marathon , just behind two other episodes from the same season , `` Karate Island '' and `` Wishing You Well '' . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 2, 2 ]

[ "The_SpongeBob_SquarePants_Movie", "SpongeBob_SquarePants_-LRB-character-RRB-", "SpongeBob_SquarePants_-LRB-season_10-RRB-", "SpongeBob_SquarePants", "Dunces_and_Dragons" ]

[ "The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie is a 2004 American animated adventure comedy film based on the Nickelodeon television series SpongeBob SquarePants . The film was directed by series creator Stephen Hillenburg and starred the series ' cast of Tom Kenny , Bill Fagerbakke , Clancy Brown , Rodger Bumpass and Mr. Lawrence , with guest performances by Scarlett Johansson , Jeffrey Tambor , Alec Baldwin and David Hasselhoff . It was produced by Hillenburg 's production company United Plankton Pictures and Nickelodeon Movies , it was distributed by Paramount Pictures and also it was first film in the SpongeBob SquarePants film series . In the film , Plankton devises a plan to steal King Neptune 's crown and send it to Shell City , and SpongeBob and Patrick must retrieve the crown to save Mr. Krabs from King Neptune 's wrath and Bikini Bottom from Plankton 's plan . Previous offers by Paramount Pictures for a film adaptation of SpongeBob SquarePants had been rejected by Stephen Hillenburg , but he eventually accepted one offer in 2002 . A writing team consisting of Hillenburg , Paul Tibbitt , Derek Drymon , Aaron Springer , Kent Osborne and Tim Hill was assembled , conceiving the idea of a mythical hero 's quest and the search for a stolen crown , which would bring SpongeBob and Patrick to the surface . The film was originally intended as the series finale , but Nickelodeon ordered more episodes of the series as the series had become increasingly profitable , so Hillenburg resigned as showrunner , with Tibbitt taking Hillenburg 's place . The film was promoted immensely by Paramount and Nickelodeon , with tie-in promotions made by 7-Eleven , the Cayman Islands and Burger King , which decorated various of its franchises with 9 ft SpongeBob inflatable figures . The film was a box office success and grossed $ 85 million in the United States and $ 140 million worldwide , and received generally positive reviews from critics . A stand-alone sequel titled The SpongeBob Movie : Sponge Out of Water was released on February 6 , 2015 , and a third film is scheduled for release on August 2 , 2019 . ", "SpongeBob SquarePants is the titular character and protagonist of the American animated television series of the same name . He is voiced by actor and comedian Tom Kenny , and first appeared on television in the series ' pilot episode on May 1 , 1999 . SpongeBob SquarePants was created and designed by cartoonist and marine biologist Stephen Hillenburg shortly after the cancellation of Rocko 's Modern Life in 1996 . Hillenburg intended to create a series about an over-optimistic sponge that annoys other characters . Hillenburg compared the concept to Laurel and Hardy and Pee-wee Herman . As he drew the character , he decided that a `` squeaky-clean square '' -LRB- like a kitchen sponge -RRB- fit the concept . His name is derived from `` Bob the Sponge '' , the host of Hillenburg 's comic strip The Intertidal Zone that he originally drew in the 1980s while teaching marine biology to visitors of the Ocean Institute . SpongeBob is a naïve and goofy sea sponge who works as a fry cook in the fictional underwater town of Bikini Bottom . The character has received positive critical response from media critics and achieved popularity with both children and adults , though he has been involved in public controversy . SpongeBob appeared in a We Are Family Foundation video promoting tolerance , which was criticized by James Dobson of Focus on the Family because of the foundation 's link to homosexuality . ", "The tenth season of the American animated television series SpongeBob SquarePants , created by former marine biologist and animator Stephen Hillenburg , began airing on Nickelodeon in the United States on October 15 , 2016 . It opened with the episode `` Whirly Brains '' and is scheduled to conclude with `` Feral Friends '' and `` Do n't Wake Patrick '' . The series chronicles the exploits and adventures of the title character and his various friends in the fictional underwater city of Bikini Bottom . The season was executive produced by series creator Hillenburg and was the first season of the show not to involve long-time crew member and former showrunner Paul Tibbitt . The showrunners for this season were Marc Ceccarelli and Vincent Waller , who also acted as supervising producers . It is the shortest season , containing 11 episodes instead of the usual 26-episode length . The show received several accolades during the run of its tenth season , including the 2017 Kids ' Choice Award for Favorite Cartoon . The series was also nominated in various international Kids ' Choice Awards ceremonies for the same category . The show received a pending nomination at the BAFTA Children 's Awards for the International category as well . ", "SpongeBob SquarePants is an American animated television series created by marine biologist and animator Stephen Hillenburg for Nickelodeon . The series chronicles the adventures and endeavors of the title character and his various friends in the fictional underwater city of Bikini Bottom . The series ' popularity has made it a media franchise , as well as the highest rated series to ever air on Nickelodeon , and the most distributed property of MTV Networks . As of 2015 , the media franchise has generated $ 12 billion in merchandising revenue for Nickelodeon . Many of the ideas for the series originated in an unpublished educational comic book titled The Intertidal Zone , which Hillenburg created in 1989 . He began developing SpongeBob SquarePants into a television series in 1996 upon the cancellation of Rocko 's Modern Life , and turned to Tom Kenny , who had worked with him on that series , to voice the title character . SpongeBob was originally going to be named SpongeBoy , and the series was to be called SpongeBoy Ahoy ! , but these were both changed , as the name was already trademarked . Nickelodeon held a preview for the series in the United States on May 1 , 1999 , following the television airing of the 1999 Kids ' Choice Awards . The series officially premiered on July 17 , 1999 . It has received worldwide critical acclaim since its premiere and gained enormous popularity by its second season . A feature film , The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie , was released in theaters on November 19 , 2004 , and a sequel was released on February 6 , 2015 . On October 15 , 2016 , the series began airing its current tenth season , beginning with the episode `` Whirly Brains '' . In May 2017 , the show was announced to be renewed for a 12th season . The series has won a variety of awards , including six Annie Awards , eight Golden Reel Awards , two Emmy Awards , 12 Kids ' Choice Awards , and two BAFTA Children 's Awards . Despite its widespread popularity , the series has been involved in several public controversies , including one centered on speculation over SpongeBob 's intended sexual orientation , and another focusing on the perceived declining quality of the show 's content since the release of the first film . In 2011 , a newly described species of fungi , Spongiforma squarepantsii , was named after the cartoon 's title character . ", "`` Dunces and Dragons '' , also known as `` Lost in Time '' , is the sixth episode of the fourth season and the 66th overall episode of the American animated television series SpongeBob SquarePants . It was written by Zeus Cervas , Erik Wiese and Tim Hill , and the animation was directed by supervising director , Alan Smart and Tom Yasumi . Cervas and Wiese also functioned as storyboard directors . The episode originally aired on Nickelodeon in the United States on February 20 , 2006 as a half-hour special . The series follows the adventures and endeavors of the title character and his various friends in the underwater city of Bikini Bottom . In this episode , SpongeBob and Patrick go back in time . There , they find that Mr. Krabs ' ancestor is the ruler of the kingdom , which is being attacked by Planktonimor , Plankton 's ancestor and an evil wizard . SpongeBob and Patrick , assisted by Squidly , a jester and ancestor of Squidward , and the Dark Knight , Sandy 's ancestor , have to rescue Princess Pearl , ancestor of Pearl and King Krabs ' daughter , who has been captured by Planktominor the wizard . Tie-in promotions were made with Burger King , which released a series of toys based on the episode . `` Dunces and Dragons '' was the most successful of the season , drawing 8.6 million viewers , and was met with positive reviews . It was also elected as the third most-voted episode on the Best Day Ever Marathon , just behind two other episodes from the same season , `` Karate Island '' and `` Wishing You Well '' . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 2, 2 ]

[ "Babur", "Pir_Baba", "Boban_Babunski", "Mübariz_Mansimov", "Evgeny_Baburin" ]

[ "Babur -LRB- -LSB- بابر , lit = Tiger , translit = Bābur -RSB- 14 February 148326 December 1530 -RRB- , born Ẓahīr-ud-Dīn Muḥammad -LRB- -LSB- ظهیرالدین محمد , translit = Ẓahīr ad-Dīn Muḥammad -RSB- -RRB- , was a conqueror from Central Asia who , following a series of setbacks , finally succeeded in laying the basis for the Mughal dynasty in the Indian subcontinent and became the first Mughal emperor . He was a direct descendant of Turco-Mongol conqueror Timur -LRB- Tamurlane -RRB- from the Barlas clan , through his father , and also a descendant of Genghis Khan through his mother . He was also influenced by the Persian culture and this affected both his own actions and those of his successors , giving rise to a significant expansion of the Persianate ethos in the Indian subcontinent . Babur was the eldest son of Umar Sheikh Mirza . He ascended the throne of Fergana in 1495 at the age of twelve and faced rebellion from his own relatives . He conquered Samarkand two years later , only to lose the city of Fergana soon after . In his attempt to reconquer Fergana , he lost control of Samarkand . In 1501 , his attempt to recapture both cities went in vain as he was defeated by Muhammad Shaybani Khan . In 1504 , he conquered Kabul , which was under the rule of the infant heir of Ulugh Begh . Babur formed a partnership with Safavid ruler Ismail I and reconquered parts of central Asia , including Samarkand , only to again lose it and the other newly conquered lands to the Uzbeks . After losing Samarkand for the third time , Babur turned his attention to creating his empire in north India . At that time , the Indo-Gangetic Plain of the northern Indian Subcontinent was ruled by Ibrahim Lodi of the Afghan Lodi dynasty , whereas Rajputana was ruled by a Hindu Rajput Confederacy , led by Rana Sanga of Mewar . In 1524 , Daulat Khan Lodi , a rebel of the Lodhi dynasty , invited Babur to overthrow Ibrahim and become ruler . Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodi at the First Battle of Panipat in 1526 and founded the Mughal empire . However , he again faced opposition , this time from Rana Sanga of Mewar who considered Babur a foreigner . The Rana was defeated at the Battle of Khanwa . Babur married several times . Notable among his sons are Humayun , Kamran Mirza and Hindal Mirza . Babur died in 1530 and was succeeded by Humayun . According to Babur 's wishes , he was buried in Bagh-e-Babur in Kabul , Afghanistan . Being a patrilineal descendant of Timur , Babur considered himself a Timurid and Turk , though Uzbek sources claim him as an ethnic Uzbek . He is considered a national hero in Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan . Many of his poems also have become popular folk songs . He wrote his autobiography , Baburnama , in Chaghatai Turkic and this was translated into Persian during Akbar 's reign . ", "Hazrat Pir Baba , was a Sufi saint whose real name was Ali Tirmizi , of the Kubrawi Sufi Order He was probably born in Hijri or AH 908 -LRB- 1431 CE -RRB- , in present-day Uzbekistan , died in AH 991 -LRB- 1502 CE -RRB- . ", "Boban Babunski -LRB- Бобан Бабунски born 5 May 1968 -RRB- is a Macedonian retired footballer who played as a central defender , and a coach . ", "Mübariz Mansimov -LRB- Mübariz Mənsimov , legally Mübariz Gurbanoğlu ; born March 22 , 1968 -RRB- is an Azerbaijani-born entrepreneur and the founder of Palmali Group of Companies , a major shipping company , as well of the Azerbaijani football club Khazar Lankaran . He became a naturalized Turkish citizen in 2006 . He is currently listed on Forbes list of billionaires , the youngest billionaire in Turkey as of March 1 , 2009 . He has invested heavily in Turkey and owns Palmarina Yalikavak , which often has many of the world 's billionaires accumulate here . ", "Evgeny Baburin -LRB- born July 4 , 1987 -RRB- is a Russian basketball player for Lokomotiv Kuban and the Russian national team , where he participated at the EuroBasket 2015 . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 1, 1 ]

[ "Color_of_Night", "Los_Angeles_Film_Critics_Association_Award_for_Best_Screenplay", "Black_Reel_Award_for_Best_Original_or_Adapted_Song", "Best_Director_Award_-LRB-Cannes_Film_Festival-RRB-", "Black_Reel_Award_for_Outstanding_Supporting_Actress,_Television_Movie_or_Limited_Series" ]

[ "Color of Night is a 1994 American erotic mystery thriller film produced by Cinergi Pictures and released in the United States by Hollywood Pictures . Directed by Richard Rush , the film stars Bruce Willis and Jane March . The cast also features Ruben Blades , Lesley Ann Warren , Brad Dourif , Lance Henriksen , Kevin J. O'Connor and Scott Bakula . It is one of two well-known works by director Rush , the other being The Stunt Man 14 years before . Color of Night flopped at the box office and won a Golden Raspberry Award as the worst film of 1994 . Nonetheless , it became one of the 20 most-rented films in the United States home video market in 1995 . Maxim magazine also singled the film out as having the Best Sex Scene in film history . ", "The Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Screenplay is one of the annual film awards given by the Los Angeles Film Critics Association . ", "Here are the winners and nominees of the Black Reel Award for Best Original or Adapted Song . The award goes to the artist and the writers of the song . Most Wins : John Legend - 3 wins Most Nominations : Beyoncé , John Legend - 4 nominations Henry Krieger , Ludacris , Alicia Keys - 3 nominations Eminem , Joe Budden , Mary J. Blige , Jennifer Hudson , Randy Newman , Ne-Yo , Terry Lewis , Jimmy Jam , Snoop Dogg , Anika Noni Rose , R. Kelly , Raphael Saadiq , Luis Restro , Jay Z , Kanye West , Pharrell Williams , Common , Ludwig Gorannson - 2 nominations ", "The Best Director Award -LRB- Prix de la mise en scène -RRB- is an annual award presented at the Cannes Film Festival for best directing achievements in a feature film screened as part of festival 's official selection -LRB- i.e. films selected for the competition program which compete for the festival 's main prize Palme d'Or -RRB- . Awarded by festival 's jury , it was first given in 1946 . The prize was not awarded on 12 occasions -LRB- 1947 , 1953 -- 54 , 1960 , 1962 -- 64 , 1971 , 1973 -- 74 , 1977 , 1980 -RRB- . In addition , the festival was not held at all in 1948 and 1950 , while in 1968 no awards were given as the festival was called off mid-way due to the May 1968 events in France . Also , the jury vote was tied and prize was shared by two directors on seven occasions -LRB- 1955 , 1969 , 1975 , 1983 , 2001 , 2002 and 2016 -RRB- . The winner of Best Director Award rarely wins the Palme d'Or , the main prize at the festival -LRB- note that the Palme d'Or is awarded to the film 's director as well ; the only exception is the case of Blue Is the Warmest Colour , where the actresses are also awarded with the director -RRB- . This happened only twice , in 1991 , when Joel Coen won both awards for Barton Fink , and in 2003 , when Gus Van Sant won for his film Elephant . ", "Here are the nominees and winners of the Black Reel Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress , TV Movie or Limited Series . The category was reinstated in 2013 after a five -- year hiatus . Cicely Tyson & Alfre Woodard are the biggest winners in this category with two wins . Tyson , Woodard along with Jurnee Smollett , Loretta Devine , Lisa Arrindell Anderson & CCH Pounder have the most nominations in this category with two . Multiple Nominees 1 . Cicely Tyson , Kimberly Elise , Alfre Woodard , Jurnee Smollett , Lisa Arrindell Anderson , CCH Pounder & Mo'Nique - 2 nominations " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "John_S._McCain_Jr.", "William_Bee_Ravenel_III", "John_Joe_Rice", "John_Calhoun_Phillips", "Massachusetts_Republican_presidential_primary,_2008" ]

[ "John Sidney `` Jack '' McCain Jr. -LRB- January 17 , 1911 -- March 22 , 1981 -RRB- was a United States Navy admiral , who served in conflicts from the 1940s through the 1970s , including as the Commander , United States Pacific Command . McCain grew up in Washington , D.C. , and graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1931 , after which he entered the submarine service . In World War II , he commanded submarines in several theaters of operation , was responsible for sinking several Japanese ships , and was decorated with both the Silver Star and Bronze Star . After the war , he held a variety of commands , specializing in amphibious warfare . He led the 1965 U.S. invasion of the Dominican Republic . He also served in several posts in Washington , including the Legislative Affairs Office and Chief of Naval Information , where he became influential in political affairs . He was a staunch anti-Communist , and was such an advocate of a strong naval presence that he became known as `` Mr. Seapower '' . During the Vietnam War , McCain was Commander-in-Chief , Pacific Command -LRB- CINCPAC -RRB- , commander of all U.S. forces in the Vietnam theater from 1968 to 1972 . He was a stalwart supporter of President Richard Nixon 's policy of Vietnamization . McCain played a significant role in the militarization of U.S. policy towards Cambodia , helping to convince Nixon to launch the 1970 Cambodian Incursion and establishing a personal relationship with Cambodian leader Lon Nol . McCain was also a proponent of the 1971 incursion into Laos . McCain retired from the Navy in 1972 . His father , John S. McCain Sr. , was also an admiral in the Navy and a naval aviator , and the two were the first father-son pair to achieve four-star rank . His son , John S. McCain III , is a former naval aviator who was a prisoner of war in North Vietnam during McCain 's time as CINCPAC , who retired with the rank of captain and then became a United States Senator and the 2008 Republican Party nominee for President of the United States . ", "William Bee Ravenel III -LRB- Aug 9 , 1914 -- May 12 , 1968 -RRB- was an educator and a soldier . As head of the English Department at the Episcopal High School in Alexandria , Virginia , he was a major influence on the life of Arizona senator and 2008 U.S. presidential candidate John McCain , who called Ravenel `` one of the finest men I have ever known '' . During World War II Maj. Ravenel received both the Silver Star and the Bronze Star with two Oak Leaf Clusters while serving in the 6th Armored Division of General George Patton 's Third Army . He became a Colonel in the U.S. Army Reserve while teaching at Episcopal High . Sen. McCain reflected on the positive impact Mr. Ravenel had on his life in an interview with the Harvard Mentoring Project of the Harvard School of Public Health : `` I have never forgotten the confidence his praise gave me . Nor did I ever forget the man who praised me . Years later , during the time I was imprisoned in Vietnam , I thought about Mr. Ravenel a lot . He was the one who reinforced in me the standards of honorable behavior . I was faced with several decisions and one in particular , would I accept an offer of the Vietnamese to go home early ? I thought about the fact that Mr. Ravenel had been in combat in World War II and thus had a feel for what I was involved in . And I really believed , as I thought about it and considered it , that Mr. Ravenel would n't look favorably upon such a decision , because it was not an honorable one . So , I refused the offer ... `` After I returned home , Mr. Ravenel was the only person outside of my family who I wanted to see , because his approval or disapproval of me was probably more important than anyone else 's in my life , outside of my father 's . I felt he was someone to whom I could explain what had happened to me , and who would understand . That is a high tribute to Mr. Ravenel . `` I regret that I was never able to pay him that tribute . Upon return I found that my mentor had passed on . Mr. Ravenel had died of a heart attack two years -LSB- sic -RSB- before my release from prison . He lived for only 53 years . His early death was a great loss to his family , friends , and students , and to everyone who had been blessed with his company ; a loss I found difficult to accept . `` Were William B. Ravenel the only person I remembered from high school , I would credit those days as among the best of my life . He was an inspirational man , and I was n't the only one that he inspired . His influence over my life , while perhaps not apparent to most who have observed its progress , was more important and more benevolent than that of any other person save members of my family . '' ", "John Joe Rice -LRB- died 1 July 1970 -RRB- was an Irish Sinn Féin politician . He was elected as a Sinn Féin Teachta Dála -LRB- TD -RRB- for the Kerry South constituency at the 1957 general election . He did not take his seat in the Dáil as Sinn Féin ran on an abstentionist ticket . He was one of four Sinn Féin TDs elected at the 1957 general election , the others were Ruairí Ó Brádaigh , John Joe McGirl and Eighneachán Ó hAnnluain . He was defeated at the 1961 general election . ", "John Calhoun Phillips -LRB- November 13 , 1870 -- June 25 , 1943 -RRB- was the third Governor of the state of Arizona . He served from January 7 , 1929 to January 5 , 1931 . Born in 1870 in Vermont , Illinois , Phillips graduated from Hedding College in 1893 and passed the bar in Illinois . He moved to Arizona in 1898 where he practiced private law while at the same time working as a construction worker to earn a living . He helped to build the state capitol building that he would later occupy as governor . He served as a probate judge from 1902 to 1912 before being elected to the Arizona House of Representatives and later , the Arizona Senate . Phillips became governor in 1929 during the Great Depression . He was instrumental in the creation of a free county library system , the Colorado River Commission , the State Bureau of Criminal Identification and the Arizona Game and Fish Department . During his governorship , he refused to raise the salary for the state judges for political reasons . Considered an unattractive man with a sense of humor , Phillips referred to himself as `` the ugliest man in Arizona . '' Phillips died in 1943 from a heart attack while fishing on Lake Mary near Flagstaff , Arizona . He was entombed at Greenwood/Memory Lawn Mortuary & Cemetery in Phoenix . ", "The Massachusetts Republican Primary took place on February 5 , 2008 , with 40 national delegates . Polls indicated that former Governor of Massachusetts Mitt Romney was leading rival John McCain ; Romney ended up defeating McCain by roughly 10 % of the vote . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Julie_Bowen", "Julie_Trustrup_Jensen", "Julie_Hanan_Carruthers", "Emily_Temple-Wood", "Roberta_Dodd_Crawford" ]

[ "Julie Bowen Luetkemeyer -LRB- born March 3 , 1970 -RRB- , known professionally as Julie Bowen , is an American actress . She is best known for playing Carol Vessey on Ed -LRB- 2000 -- 04 -RRB- , Denise Bauer on Boston Legal -LRB- 2005 -- 07 -RRB- , Sarah Shephard on Lost -LRB- 2005 -- 07 -RRB- , and Claire Dunphy on the comedy Modern Family -LRB- since 2009 -RRB- . The latter earned her six nominations for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series , winning in 2011 and 2012 . Bowen has also appeared in films such as Happy Gilmore -LRB- 1996 -RRB- , Multiplicity -LRB- 1996 -RRB- , Venus and Mars -LRB- 2001 -RRB- , Joe Somebody -LRB- 2001 -RRB- , Kids in America -LRB- 2005 -RRB- , Sex and Death 101 -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , Crazy on the Outside -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , Jumping the Broom -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , and Horrible Bosses -LRB- 2011 -RRB- . ", "Julie Trustrup Jensen -LRB- born 6 April 1994 -RRB- is a Danish women 's international footballer who plays as a midfielder for the Danish women 's national team as well as for Brøndby IF in the Danish Elitedivisionen . ", "Julie Hanan Carruthers -LRB- born January 30 , 1960 in Sarasota , FL . -RRB- is an American soap opera producer . ", "Emily Temple-Wood -LRB- born May 24 , 1994 , in Chicago , Illinois -RRB- is an American Wikipedia editor who goes by the name of Keilana on the site . She is known for her efforts to counter the effects and causes of gender bias on Wikipedia , particularly through the creation of articles about women in science . She was declared a joint recipient of the 2016 Wikipedian of the Year , by Jimmy Wales , at Wikimania on June 24 , 2016 . ", "Roberta Dodd Crawford -LRB- 5 August 1897 -- 14 June 1954 -RRB- was an African-American lyric soprano and voice instructor who performed throughout the United States and Paris in the 1920s and 1930s . Roberta was born in Bonham , Texas before studying singing in Nashville , Chicago , and Paris . While in Paris , she married Prince Kojo Tovalou Houénou of Dahomey . When Houénou died in a French prison , Roberta was left without access to their marriage funds and returned to Paris where she lived through the Nazi occupation from 1940 until 1944 . After the war , she returned to Texas where she died in 1954 in Dallas . " ]

[ 2, 0, 2, 2, 0 ]

[ "David_Attenborough", "Alasdair_Milne", "Jonathan_Ruffle", "Alan_Dossor", "Rhodri_Talfan_Davies" ]

[ "Sir David Frederick Attenborough -LRB- -LSB- ˈætənb ər ə -RSB- born 8 May 1926 -RRB- is an English veteran broadcaster and naturalist . He is best known for writing and presenting the nine Life series , in conjunction with the BBC Natural History Unit , which collectively form a comprehensive survey of animal and plant life on the planet . He is also a former senior manager at the BBC , having served as controller of BBC Two and director of programming for BBC Television in the 1960s and 1970s . He is the only person to have won BAFTAs for programmes in each of black and white , colour , HD , and 3D . Attenborough is widely considered a national treasure in Britain , although he himself does not like the term . In 2002 he was named among the 100 Greatest Britons following a UK-wide poll for the BBC . He is the younger brother of the late director , producer and actor Richard Attenborough , and older brother of the late motor executive John Attenborough . ", "Alasdair David Gordon Milne -LRB- 8 October 19308 January 2013 -RRB- was Director-General of the British Broadcasting Corporation between July 1982 and January 1987 . Earlier in his career Milne was a BBC producer involved in founding Tonight in 1957 . Later , after a period outside the BBC , he became Controller of BBC Scotland , and BBC Television 's Director of Programmes . In early 1987 , Milne was forced to resign from his post as DG by the BBC Governors following several difficult years for the Corporation , sustained pressure from the Thatcher government and editorial decisions which proved controversial . ", "Jonathan Ruffle is a British writer , director and producer who has made TV and radio programmes for the BBC , ITV and Channel 4 . At one time Steve Wright 's and Simon Bates 's radio producer on BBC Radio 1 , he left to produce the acclaimed BBC radio drama version of Len Deighton 's Bomber , and the award-winning 1995 Channel 4 documentary Edward VIII : The Traitor King . He then split his career in two new directions : airshow and event commentary , and TV comedy writing including Never Mind the Buzzcocks . In 2009 he took his real-time First World War drama idea Tommies to the BBC which began its four and half year transmission in October 2014 . He still produces comedy shows for the BBC with Andrew McGibbon and writes TV scripts and feature film projects for GB Films . ", "Alan Dossor -LRB- 19 September 1941 -- 7 August 2016 -RRB- was a British theatre director . He was artistic director of the Everyman Theatre Liverpool from 1970 to 1975 . He was considered by British theatre/entertainment newspaper The Stage to have been `` a major influence on some of our greatest actors and writers '' - in a period described by British national newspaper The Guardian as `` a golden five-year period in British regional theatre '' . His production of John , Paul , George , Ringo ... and Bert by Willy Russell transferred to the West End in 1974 . He directed plays in the West End , at West Yorkshire Playhouse , Hampstead Theatre , the Royal Court Theatre , the Young Vic and the Lyric Hammersmith . He had an extensive career directing television drama since 1977 . Dossor directed theatre and television plays by contemporary playwrights like Alan Bleasdale , Chris Bond , Stephen Lowe , John McGrath , Adrian Mitchell and Willy Russell , Mike Stott , C.P.Taylor and Charles Wood ; as well as classic plays by Bertolt Brecht and Shakespeare . ", "Rhodri Talfan Davies -LRB- born 9 February 1971 -RRB- is the director of BBC Cymru Wales . He is a member of the BBC 's management board , and a former journalist and communications executive . He has been director of BBC Cymru Wales since September 2011 . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Roberto_Orci", "Corrado_Alvaro", "Roberto_Fernández_Sastre", "Facundo", "Gianrico_Carofiglio" ]

[ "Roberto Gaston Orci -LRB- born July 20 , 1973 -RRB- is a Mexican-American film and television screenwriter and producer . He began his longtime collaboration with Alex Kurtzman while at school in California . Together they have been employed on television series such as Hercules : The Legendary Journeys and Xena : Warrior Princess . In 2008 , together with J. J. Abrams , they created Fringe . In 2013 , they created Sleepy Hollow alongside Phillip Iscove . Orci and Kurtzman 's first film project was Michael Bay 's The Island , and due to that partnership they went on to write the scripts for the first three films of the Transformers film series . Orci first became a film producer with 2008 's Eagle Eye and again with 2009 's The Proposal . He and Kurtzman since returned to working with Abrams on Mission : Impossible III and both Star Trek and Star Trek Into Darkness . Between 2005 and 2011 , Kurtzman and Orci 's film projects took revenues of more than $ 3 billion . In April 2014 , Orci and Kurtzman announced that they would only collaborate in television projects , and Orci worked on the third Star Trek film , Star Trek Beyond , until being replaced the following December . Orci created the television series Matador for the El Rey Network , but after this was initially renewed , it was cancelled at the end of the first season . Both Kurtzman and Orci continue to work as producers on the television series Limitless and Scorpion . Orci was awarded the Norman Lear Writer 's Award and the Raul Julia Award for Excellence , in addition to shared awards and nominations including The George Pal Memorial Award . ", "Corrado Alvaro -LRB- 15 April 1895 in San Luca -- 11 June 1956 in Rome -RRB- was an Italian journalist and writer of novels , short stories , screenplays and plays . He often used the verismo style to describes the hopeless poverty in his native Calabria . His first success was Gente in Aspromonte -LRB- Revolt in Aspromonte -RRB- , which examined the exploitation of rural peasants by greedy landowners in Calabria , and is considered by many critics to be his masterpiece . ", "Roberto Fernández Sastre -LRB- born 1951 -RRB- is an Uruguayan writer , critic and musician . Born in Montevideo , he moved permanently to Barcelona in 1981 . His novel La manipulacion was nominated for the Premio Herralde in 1986 ; he was also nominated the following year for El turismo infame . Fernández Sastre is also an accomplished drummer . ", "Facundo : Civilization and Barbarism -LRB- original Spanish title : Facundo : Civilización i Barbarie -RRB- is a book written in 1845 by Domingo Faustino Sarmiento , a writer and journalist who became the seventh president of Argentina . It is a cornerstone of Latin American literature : a work of creative non-fiction that helped to define the parameters for thinking about the region 's development , modernization , power , and culture . Subtitled Civilization and Barbarism , Facundo contrasts civilization and barbarism as seen in early 19th-century Argentina . Literary critic Roberto González Echevarría calls the work `` the most important book written by a Latin American in any discipline or genre '' . Facundo describes the life of Juan Facundo Quiroga , a gaucho who had terrorized provincial Argentina in the 1820s and 1830s . Kathleen Ross , one of Facundo '' 's English translators , points out that the author also published Facundo to `` denounce the tyranny of the Argentine dictator Juan Manuel de Rosas '' . Juan Manuel de Rosas ruled Argentina from 1829 to 1832 and again from 1835 to 1852 ; it was because of Rosas that Sarmiento was in exile in Chile , where he wrote the book . Sarmiento sees Rosas as heir to Facundo : both are caudillos and representatives of a barbarism that derives from the nature of the Argentine countryside . As Ross explains , Sarmiento 's book is therefore engaged in describing the `` Argentine national character , explaining the effects of Argentina 's geographical conditions on personality , the ` barbaric ' nature of the countryside versus the ` civilizing ' influence of the city , and the great future awaiting Argentina when it opened its doors wide to European immigration '' . Throughout the text , Sarmiento explores the dichotomy between civilization and barbarism . As Kimberly Ball observes , `` civilization is identified with northern Europe , North America , cities , Unitarians , Paz , and Rivadavia '' , while `` barbarism is identified with Latin America , Spain , Asia , the Middle East , the countryside , Federalists , Facundo , and Rosas '' . It is in the way that Facundo articulates this opposition that Sarmiento 's book has had such a profound influence . In the words of González Echevarría : `` in proposing the dialectic between civilization and barbarism as the central conflict in Latin American culture Facundo gave shape to a polemic that began in the colonial period and continues to the present day '' . The first edition of Facundo '' was published in instalments in 1845 . Sarmiento removed the last two chapters of the second edition -LRB- 1851 -RRB- , but restored them in the 1874 edition , deciding that they were important to the book 's development . The first translation into English , by Mary Mann , was published in 1868 . A modern and complete translation by Kathleen Ross appeared in 2003 from the University of California Press . ", "Gianrico Carofiglio -LRB- born 30 May 1961 -RRB- is a novelist and former anti-Mafia judge in the Italian city of Bari . His debut novel , Involuntary Witness , published in 2002 and translated into English in 2005 by Patrick Creagh , was published by the Bitter Lemon Press and has been adapted as the basis for a popular television series in Italy . The subsequent novels were translated by Howard Curtis . Carofiglio won the 2005 Premio Bancarella award for his novel `` Il passato è una terra straniera '' . He is also Honorary President of The Edinburgh Gadda Prize which celebrates the work of Carlo Emilio Gadda . " ]

[ 0, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "General_Motors", "GM2900_platform", "National_Motor_Vehicle_Company", "Opel_Wien", "1994_in_motoring" ]

[ "General Motors Company , commonly known as GM , is an American multinational corporation headquartered in Detroit , Michigan , that designs , manufactures , markets , and distributes vehicles and vehicle parts , and sells financial services . With global headquarters at the Renaissance Center in Detroit , Michigan , United States , GM manufactures cars and trucks in 35 countries . In 2008 , 8.35 million GM cars and trucks were sold globally under various brands . 10 million cars sold milestone was exceeded on 2016 . Current auto brands are Buick , Cadillac , Chevrolet , GMC , Holden , and Wuling . Former GM automotive brands include McLaughlin , Oakland , Oldsmobile , Pontiac , Hummer , Saab , Saturn , Vauxhall , and Opel . The company was founded by William C. Durant on September 16 , 1908 as a holding company . The company was the largest automobile manufacturer from 1931 through 2007 . In addition to brands selling assembled vehicles , GM has also had various automotive-component and non-automotive brands , many of which it divested in the 1980s through 2000s . These have included Euclid and Terex -LRB- earthmoving/construction/mining equipment & vehicles -RRB- ; Electro-Motive Diesel -LRB- locomotive , marine , and industrial diesel engines -RRB- ; Detroit Diesel -LRB- automotive and industrial diesel engines -RRB- ; Allison -LRB- Aircraft engines , transmissions , gas turbine engines -RRB- ; Frigidaire -LRB- Appliances including refrigeration and air conditioning -RRB- ; New Departure -LRB- bearings -RRB- ; Delco Electronics and ACDelco -LRB- electrical and electronic components -RRB- ; GMAC -LRB- finance -RRB- ; General Aviation and North American Aviation -LRB- airplanes -RRB- ; GM Defense -LRB- military vehicles -RRB- ; and Electronic Data Systems -LRB- information technology -RRB- . General Motors produces vehicles in 37 countries under twelve brands : Chevrolet , Buick , GMC , Cadillac , Holden , HSV , Opel , Vauxhall , Wuling , Baojun , Jie Fang , and Ravon . The current company , General Motors Company -LRB- `` new GM '' -RRB- , was formed in 2009 following the bankruptcy of General Motors Corporation -LRB- `` old GM '' -RRB- , which became Motors Liquidation Company . The new company purchased the majority of the assets of the old GM , including the brand `` General Motors '' . ", "General Motors introduced the mid-size front-wheel drive GM2900 platform in 1988 with the introductions of the Opel Vectra A and the Vauxhall Cavalier Mk .3 for the 1989 model year . The platform was intended to replace both division 's J-cars , the Opel Ascona C and the Vauxhall Cavalier Mk .2 , although the platform eventually branched out to Holden , Chevrolet 's Latin American branch , and even Saab and Saturn . The GM2900 platform was replaced by the Epsilon platform in 2003 , although Saab continued to use the lengthened GM2902 platform for its 9-5 model until 2010 , when it was switched to the Epsilon 2 platform . The tooling for the first generation Saab 9-5 was sold to BAIC and with help from Saab engineers they will develop new models for production in China , probably under the `` Beijing '' brand . ", "The National Motor Vehicle Company was an American manufacturer of automobiles in Indianapolis , Indiana between 1900 and 1924 . One of its presidents , Arthur C. Newby , was also one of the investors who created the Indianapolis Motor Speedway . The company first concentrated on electric vehicles but soon began producing gasoline-engined cars . National produced a range of four , six , and twelve-cylinder passenger vehicles , as well as numerous successful racing cars . In 1922 , National was merged into Associated Motor Industries , which subsequently went out of business in 1924 . ", "Opel Wien GmbH -LRB- formerly GM Powertrain Austria GmbH -RRB- is an Austrian manufacturing company based in Vienna / Aspern , Austria and a subsidiary of General Motors . ", "1994 in motoring includes developments in the automotive industry that occurred throughout the year 1994 by various automobile manufacturers , grouped by country . The automotive industry designs , develops , manufactures , markets , and sells motor vehicles . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 0 ]

[ "English_Wikipedia", "Persian_Wikipedia", "Encyclopedia_of_Analytical_Chemistry", "Canadian_Oxford_Dictionary", "JournalServer" ]

[ "The English Wikipedia is the English-language edition of the free online encyclopedia Wikipedia . Founded on 15 January 2001 , it is the first edition of Wikipedia and , as of July 2016 , has the most articles of any of the editions . As of , nearly % of articles in all Wikipedias belong to the English-language edition . This share has gradually declined from more than 50 percent in 2003 , due to the growth of Wikipedias in other languages . There are articles on the site -LRB- live count -RRB- . In October 2015 , the combined text of the English Wikipedia 's articles totalled 11.5 gigabytes when compressed . On 1 November 2015 , the English Wikipedia announced it had reached 5,000,000 articles and ran a special logo to reflect the milestone . The Simple English Wikipedia is a variation in which most of the articles use only basic English vocabulary . There is also the Old English -LRB- Ænglisc / Anglo-Saxon -RRB- Wikipedia -LRB- angwiki -RRB- . Community-produced news publications include The Signpost . ", "The Persian Wikipedia -LRB- ویکی پدیا ، دانشنامهٔ آزاد , Romanized as Wikipediā , Dānešnāme-ye Āzād / `` Wikipedia , The Free Encyclopedia '' -RRB- is the Persian language version of Wikipedia , pronounced `` Wikipedia -LRB- Wikipediā -RRB- '' . The Persian version of Wikipedia was started in December 2003 . It passed 1,000 articles on December 16 , 2004 and 200,000 articles on July 10 , 2012 . ", "The Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry is an English-language multivolume encyclopedia published by John Wiley & Sons . It is a comprehensive analytical chemistry reference , covering all aspects from theory and instrumentation through applications and techniques . Containing over 600 articles and over 6500 illustrations the 15-volume print edition published in 2000 . The encyclopedia has also been available online since the end of 2006 . Online access to the complete encyclopedia requires a subscription or one-time purchase , but individual articles can be accessed by pay-per-view . Free sample articles are also available . ", "The Canadian Oxford Dictionary is a dictionary of Canadian English . First published by Oxford University Press Canada in 1998 , it became a well-known reference for Canadian English . The second edition , published in 2004 , contains about 300,000 entries , including about 2,200 true Canadianisms . It also provides information on Canadian pronunciation and on Canadian spelling , which has features of both British and American spelling : colour , centre , and travelling , but tire , aluminum and realize . ", "JournalServer is an Oxford-based international initiative to create a digital library of academic journals freely available to the public . It involves the collaboration of several leading universities across the world . As of May , 2007 , there were 8 journals listed , of which only 5 had any actual content available . The website officially closed in 2009 . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Sarah_Hyland", "Zainab_Al-Suwaij", "Sarah_Austin_-LRB-Internet_celebrity-RRB-", "Dashni_Morad", "Amber_Rose_Revah" ]

[ "Sarah Jane Hyland -LRB- born November 24 , 1990 -RRB- is an American actress . Born in New York City , Hyland attended the Professional Performing Arts School in Manhattan , followed by small roles in the films Private Parts -LRB- 1997 -RRB- , Annie -LRB- 1999 -RRB- , and Blind Date -LRB- 2007 -RRB- . She gained her first major role as Haley Dunphy on the ABC sitcom Modern Family , for which she has received critical acclaim and numerous accolades and nominations , sharing four Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series with her cast members and garnering a Critics ' Choice Television Award nomination Best Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series . Alongside Modern Family , Hyland is also known for her roles in the films Struck by Lightning -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , Scary Movie 5 -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , Vampire Academy -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , and XOXO -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . ", "Zainab Al-Suwaij -LRB- Arabic : زينب السويج -RRB- -LRB- b. 1971 -RRB- is an Iraqi American activist and the co-founder and Executive Director of the American Islamic Congress . She advocates for women 's equality , civil and religious rights , and interfaith understanding . ", "Sarah Maria Austin -LRB- born 1986 in Rogers , Arkansas ; formerly known by the stage name Sarah Meyers -RRB- is an American Internet personality and entrepreneur . She is the CEO and founder of Broad Listening , an artificial emotional intelligence agent , and the chairperson of the board of directors at Coding FTW , a nonprofit organization that promotes diversity and equal rights in the technology sector through education . Austin produced the web series Party Crashers , where she crashed tech parties , before being selected to lifecast for the Justin.tv test runs . She later went to produce Pop17 , a web series documenting Internet culture . She was also a cast member of the Bravo ! reality series , Start-Ups : Silicon Valley . ", "Dashni Morad -LRB- Kurdish : Deşnê Morad / دەشنێ موراد ; born 1 January 1986 -RRB- is an Iraqi Kurdish-Dutch singer , songwriter , television presenter , human rights and environmental activist . Born in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq , she moved to Holland as a refugee with her family in 1997 . She rose to prominence in 2005 through her television show , `` Bê Kontrol '' , which was the first of its kind in the Kurdistan Region to explore Western culture candidly . Many people in the Kurdistan Region , particularly the youth , consider Dashni to have broken down cultural and traditional barriers for young women . In 2009 , Dashni began her musical career with the release of her first album , `` Hela Hupa '' , which although successful was also controversial . Her provocative dance moves in the music video led media outlets to refer to her as the `` Shakira of Kurdistan '' . Although many of the younger generation appreciated her music and music videos , the more conservative side of society saw them as inappropriate . Morad released two further albums , `` Hom Shika Wawa '' and `` Frishtay Mihreban '' , and a series of singles , before taking time off from her musical career in 2014 to pursue her humanitarian and environmentalist projects . She founded `` Green Kids '' in 2012 , which is a charity focused on underprivileged children , in particular refugee children , as well as the environment . Morad has been actively working to try and improve conditions at the refugee camps in the Kurdistan Region , and through campaigns has managed to donate significant money and aid . She is also a prominent campaigner for women 's rights and is seen as an inspirational feminist figure to many young women in the Kurdistan Region . ", "Amber Rose Revah -LRB- born June 24 , 1986 -RRB- is an English born actress . She played Hala Hussein , Saddam Hussein 's daughter , in the BBC/HBO series House of Saddam . Later she appeared in From Paris With Love -LRB- 2010 -RRB- and Aazaan -LRB- 2011 -RRB- . She also played in Son of God and The Bible series . Revah made several appearances in other smaller acting roles . " ]

[ 1, 0, 1, 0, 1 ]

[ "Meghan_Markle", "Liz_Rosenberg", "One_True_Thing", "James_Minahan", "Pearl_-LRB-Steven_Universe-RRB-" ]

[ "Rachel Meghan Markle -LRB- born August 4 , 1981 -RRB- is an American actress , humanitarian , and activist . She was born and raised in Los Angeles , California . Since 2011 , she has portrayed Rachel Zane on the legal drama series Suits and is also known for her work as FBI special agent Amy Jessup in the sci-fi thriller Fringe . In 2016 , Markle was appointed a Global Ambassador for World Vision Canada , worked with the United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women , and was a United Nations Women 's advocate for political participation and leadership . ", "Lizbeth Meg Rosenberg -LRB- born February 3 , 1955 -RRB- is an American poet , novelist , children 's book author , and book reviewer . She is currently a professor of English at Binghamton University , and in previous years has taught at Colgate University , Sarah Lawrence College , Hamilton College , Bennington College , and Hollins College . Her children 's book reviews appear monthly in The Boston Globe . ", "One True Thing is a 1998 American drama film directed by Carl Franklin . It tells the story of a woman who is forced to put her life on hold in order to care for her mother who is dying of cancer . It was adapted by Karen Croner from the novel by Anna Quindlen . The novel and film are based on Anna Quindlen 's real life and her struggle of dealing with the death of her mother , Prudence Pantano Quindlen in 1972 , due to ovarian cancer . The film stars Meryl Streep , Renée Zellweger , William Hurt and Tom Everett Scott . Bette Midler sings the lead song , `` My One True Friend '' , over the end credits . The track was first released on Midler 's 1998 album Bathhouse Betty . It was shot in Morristown , NJ , Maplewood , NJ , as well as in Princeton University . ", "James Mark Minahan -LRB- 1872 -- 11 October 1941 -RRB- was an Irish-born Australian politician . He was born in County Clare to bootmaker Patrick Minahan and Mary Murphy . He migrated to New South Wales around 1883 , partnering with his brother Patrick as a boot manufacturer . Around 1900 he married Mary Eileen Killeen , with whom he had four children . From 1925 to 1934 he was a Labor member of the New South Wales Legislative Council ; he opposed Jack Lang in the 1930s and sat as Federal Labor . Minahan died at Waverley in 1941 . ", "Pearl is a fictional character from the 2013 animated series Steven Universe , created by Rebecca Sugar . She is a `` Gem '' , a fictional alien being that exists as a magical gemstone projecting a holographic body . She is portrayed as a loving , gentle and delicate character , who acts as a motherly figure for Steven . However , she also tends to be overprotective with him and has low self-esteem ; she is also deeply overwhelmed with the grief caused by the loss of Steven 's mother , Rose Quartz , who she was in love with . She is frequently praised for being a positive depiction of a queer character , though her strong obsession with Rose has been described as `` unhealthy '' . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Cyclades", "Cyclargus", "Cystoidea", "Kirchenpaueriidae", "Neocycloceras" ]

[ "The Cyclades -LRB- -LSB- ˈsɪklədiːz -RSB- Κυκλάδες , -LSB- cikˈlaðes -RSB- -RRB- are an island group in the Aegean Sea , southeast of mainland Greece and a former administrative prefecture of Greece . They are one of the island groups which constitute the Aegean archipelago . The name refers to the islands around the sacred island of Delos . The largest island of the Cyclades is Naxos . ", "Cyclargus is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae . It was split off from the genus Hemiargus in 1948 by Vladimir Nabokov , although many lepidopterists have not accepted the new genus as valid . Nabokov designated C. ammon -LRB- Lucas 's blue , from Cuba -RRB- as the type species for the genus , and included C. dominica -LRB- Jamaican blue , from Jamaica -RRB- , C. thomasi -LRB- Thomas 's blue , from Florida , the Bahamas , Puerto Rico and Hispaniola -RRB- , C. woodruffi -LRB- from the Virgin Islands -RRB- and C. erembis -LRB- from the Cayman Islands , synonym of C. ammon erembis -RRB- . In 1992 K. Johnston and Matusik described C. sorpresus and C. kathleena , both from Hispaniola . The critically endangered Miami blue -LRB- C. thomasi bethunebakeri -RRB- is a member of the genus . C. a. erembis was described originally as a full species , as opinion is at present divided as to whether or not this might be its status . ", "Cystoidea or cystoids , is a class of extinct echinoderms that lived attached to the sea floor by stalks . They existed during the Paleozoic Era , in the Middle Ordovician and Silurian Periods , until their extinction in the Devonian Period . ", "The Kirchenpaueriidae are a hydrozoan family of the superfamily Plumularioidea . Their hydrocladia are characteristically set in an alternating fashion as one progresses along the stems , forming two neat rows except in Oswaldella laertesi , which has three such rows . The alternating placement of the hydrocladia can be used to distinguish them from the Plumulariidae which may look superficially similar . The eight genera are : Halicornopsis Kirchenpaueria Naumovia Ophinella Oswaldella - formerly in Plumulariidae Pycnotheca - formerly in Plumulariidae Ventromma Wimveria ", "Neocycloceras is an extinct genus of nautiloid included in the Pseudorthocerida that lived during the Late Devonian and Mississippian -LRB- early Carboniferous -RRB- . Neoclycloceras is characterized by a slender , generally circular shell with slightly oblique , sinuous surficial annulations . Its sutures have dorsal and ventral saddles and lateral lobes and become more oblique with age . Saddles point forward , lobes to the rear . Dorsal saddles are broad and low but the ventral ones are high and conspicuous . The siphuncle is located between the center and venter and is nummuloidal , composed of rounded expanded segments , the inside of which contains a continuous laminar lining that is thickest in the middle of the segments and thinnest at the septal necks . Neocycloceras has been found in Pennsylvania in North America and in Morocco in north Africa . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "William_Blackstone", "Bill_Overstreet", "Harry_Blackstone_Sr.", "Charles_Blackstone", "William_Gray_-LRB-priest-RRB-" ]

[ "Sir William Blackstone -LRB- 10 July 1723 -- 14 February 1780 -RRB- was an English jurist , judge and Tory politician of the eighteenth century . He is most noted for writing the Commentaries on the Laws of England . Born into a middle-class family in London , Blackstone was educated at Charterhouse School before matriculating at Pembroke College , Oxford in 1738 . After switching to and completing a Bachelor of Civil Law degree , he was made a Fellow of All Souls , Oxford on 2 November 1743 , admitted to Middle Temple , and called to the Bar there in 1746 . Following a slow start to his career as a barrister , Blackstone became heavily involved in university administration , becoming accountant , treasurer and bursar on 28 November 1746 and Senior Bursar in 1750 . Blackstone is considered responsible for completing the Codrington Library and Warton Building , and simplifying the complex accounting system used by the college . On 3 July 1753 he formally gave up his practice as a barrister and instead embarked on a series of lectures on English law , the first of their kind . These were massively successful , earning him a total of # 453 -LRB- # in terms -RRB- , and led to the publication of An Analysis of the Laws of England in 1756 , which repeatedly sold out and was used to preface his later works . On 20 October 1758 Blackstone was confirmed as the first Vinerian Professor of English Law , immediately embarking on another series of lectures and publishing a similarly successful second treatise , titled A Discourse on the Study of the Law . With his growing fame , Blackstone successfully returned to the bar and maintained a good practice , also securing election as Tory Member of Parliament for the rotten borough of Hindon on 30 March 1761 . In November 1765 he published the first of four volumes of Commentaries on the Laws of England , considered his magnum opus ; the completed work earned Blackstone # 14,000 -LRB- # in terms -RRB- . After repeated failures , he successfully gained appointment to the judiciary as a Justice of the Court of King 's Bench on 16 February 1770 , leaving to replace Edward Clive as a Justice of the Common Pleas on 25 June . He remained in this position until his death , on 14 February 1780 . Blackstone 's legacy and main work of note is his Commentaries . Designed to provide a complete overview of English law , the four-volume treatise was repeatedly republished in 1770 , 1773 , 1774 , 1775 , 1778 and in a posthumous edition in 1783 . Reprints of the first edition , intended for practical use rather than antiquary interest , were published until the 1870s in England and Wales , and a working version by Henry John Stephen , first published in 1841 , was reprinted until after the Second World War . Legal education in England had stalled ; Blackstone 's work gave the law `` at least a veneer of scholarly respectability '' . William Searle Holdsworth , one of Blackstone 's successors as Vinerian Professor , argued that `` If the Commentaries had not been written when they were written , I think it very doubtful that -LSB- the United States -RSB- , and other English speaking countries would have so universally adopted the common law . '' In the United States , the Commentaries influenced Alexander Hamilton , John Marshall , James Wilson , John Jay , John Adams , James Kent and Abraham Lincoln , and remain frequently cited in Supreme Court decisions . ", "William D. `` Bill '' Overstreet was an American teacher , administrator , and polictican . He served as the mayor of Juneau , Alaska from 1976 to 1983 . He was born and raised in Waynoka , Oklahoma . He died in Sun City West , Arizona on April 8 , 2013 at the age of 87 . ", "Harry Blackstone -LRB- September 27 , 1885 -- November 16 , 1965 -RRB- was a famed stage magician and illusionist of the 20th century . Blackstone was born Harry Bouton in Chicago , Illinois , he began his career as a magician in his teens and was popular through World War II as a USO entertainer . He was often billed as The Great Blackstone . His son Harry Blackstone Jr. also became a famous magician . Blackstone Sr. was aided by his younger brother -LRB- 2 years younger -RRB- Pete Bouton who was the stage manager in all his shows . Blackstone Sr. was married three times . Blackstone Jr. was his son by his second wife . ", "Charles Blackstone -LRB- born March 21 , 1977 -RRB- is an American writer and managing editor of literary website Bookslut . His most recent novel is the semi-autobiographical Vintage Attraction -LRB- 2013 -RRB- . ", "William James Gray -LRB- 1874 -- 1960 -RRB- was an eminent Anglican clergyman in the mid 20th century . Gray was educated at the London College of Divinity . After curacies in Brixton and Beckenham he was Vicar of Ide Hill and Chaplain to Sevenoaks Workhouse and Infirmary from 1911 to 1915 . He was the incumbent at St Nicholas with St Clement , Rochester from 1915 to 1942 ; Rural Dean of Rochester from 1925 to 40 ; Archdeacon of Tonbridge from 1940 to 1953 ; and Vicar of Kippington from 1942 to 1952 . He retired in 1953 and died on 17 September 1960 . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Watchmen_-LRB-film-RRB-", "The_Watchers_-LRB-album-RRB-", "Tourgasm", "Cooking_Channel", "Le_Grand_Chef" ]

[ "Watchmen is a 2009 American superhero film directed by Zack Snyder , based on the 1986 -- 87 DC Comics limited series of the same name by Alan Moore and Dave Gibbons . It stars an ensemble cast of Malin Åkerman , Billy Crudup , Matthew Goode , Carla Gugino , Jackie Earle Haley , Jeffrey Dean Morgan , and Patrick Wilson . A dark satirical and dystopian take on the superhero genre , the film is set in an alternate history in the year 1985 at the height of the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union , as a group of mostly retired American superheroes investigates the murder of one of their own before uncovering an elaborate and deadly conspiracy , while their moral limitations are challenged by the complex nature of the circumstances . From October 1987 until October 2005 , a live-action film adaptation of the Watchmen series became stranded in development hell ; producer Lawrence Gordon began developing the project at 20th Century Fox and Warner Bros. , the parent company of Watchmen publisher DC Comics , with producer Joel Silver and director Terry Gilliam , with the latter eventually deeming the complex comic `` un-filmable '' . During the 2000s , Gordon and Lloyd Levin collaborated with Universal Studios and Paramount Pictures to produce a script by David Hayter ; Darren Aronofsky and Paul Greengrass were also attached to the project before it was cancelled over budget disputes ; and in October 2005 , the project returned to Warner Bros. , where Snyder was hired to direct ; Paramount remained as its international distributor whereas Warner Bros. would distribute the film in the United States . However , Fox sued Warner Bros. for copyright violation arising from Gordon 's failure to pay a buy-out in 1991 , which enabled him to develop the film at the other studios . Fox and Warner Bros. settled this before the film 's release , with Fox receiving a portion of the gross . Principal photography began in Vancouver , September 2007 . As with his previous film 300 , Snyder closely modelled his storyboards on the comic , but chose not to shoot all of Watchmen using green screens and opted for real sets instead . Following its world premiere at Odeon Leicester Square on February 23 , 2009 , the film was released in both conventional and IMAX theaters on March 6 , 2009 , and grossed $ 55 million on its opening weekend and over $ 185 million at the worldwide box office . The film 's reception has been very polarized , with many critics voicing strong negative views and vice versa . A DVD based on elements of the Watchmen universe was released , including an animated adaptation of the comic Tales of the Black Freighter within the story starring Gerard Butler , and the fictional biography Under the Hood , detailing the older generation of superheroes from the film 's back-story . A director 's cut with 24 minutes of additional footage was released in July 2009 . The `` Ultimate Cut '' edition incorporated the animated comic Tales of the Black Freighter into the narrative as it was in the original graphic novel , lengthening the runtime to 3 hours and 35 minutes , and was released on November 3 , 2009 . ", "The Watchers is an album released by Danish progressive metal band Royal Hunt , comprising a new long suite , already published in Japan in the EP titled Intervention - Part 1 , re-recorded versions of old songs and some live tracks . The live tracks were recorded from May to August 2000 . ", "Tourgasm is an American documentary television series that aired on HBO in 2006 . The series follows the 2005 30-day 20-show stand-up comedy tour featuring Dane Cook and three of his best friends in the industry : Robert Kelly , Gary Gulman , and Jay Davis . The documentary was created and directed by Dane Cook . Gary Gulman left the tour because of unknown reasons , but returned after a few dates . At each destination Dane Cook and fellow comedians play a game or do an activity before performing . Some of the events include horseback riding , riding Segway scooters , and visiting Niagara Falls . ", "Cooking Channel is an American cable channel owned by Scripps Networks Interactive . The channel is a spin-off of Food Network , broadcasting programming related to food and cooking . As opposed to its parent network 's growing focus on reality and competition series , Cooking Channel is oriented towards instructional and chef-oriented programming -- which have been largely displaced by the growth of Food Network 's reality programming . The network airs both new series , and archived programming from Food Network . Cooking Channel replaced Fine Living Network on May 31 , 2010 -LRB- coinciding with the Memorial Day holiday -RRB- , pushed ahead from a planned launch later in the year . As of February 2015 , Cooking Channel is available to approximately 61,951,000 pay television households -LRB- 53.2 % of households with television -RRB- in the United States . ", "Le Grand Chef is a 2007 South Korean film starring Kim Kang-woo , Im Won-hee and Lee Ha-na . Produced by ShowEast and distributed by CJ Entertainment , it was released on November 1 , 2007 and ran for 114 minutes . Based on the popular manhwa Sikgaek by Huh Young-man , the film tells the story of two chefs competing for the title of heir to the last Royal Chef of the Joseon Dynasty . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Chadwick_Boseman", "GoldenEye", "Terrence_Howard", "William_Brown_-LRB-footballer,_born_1889-RRB-", "Chris_Brown_videography" ]

[ "Chadwick Aaron Boseman -LRB- born November 29 , 1976 -RRB- is an American actor . He is known for portraying Jackie Robinson in 42 -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , James Brown in Get on Up -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , and T'Challa in the Marvel Studios film Captain America : Civil War -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . He also had roles in the television series Lincoln Heights -LRB- 2008 -RRB- and Persons Unknown -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , and the films The Express -LRB- 2008 -RRB- and Draft Day -LRB- 2014 -RRB- . He will reprise his Marvel role in Black Panther , scheduled for a 2018 release as well as in Avengers : Infinity War . ", "GoldenEye -LRB- 1995 -RRB- is the seventeenth spy film in the James Bond series , and the first to star Pierce Brosnan as the fictional MI6 officer James Bond . The film was directed by Martin Campbell and is the first in the series not to take story elements from the works of novelist Ian Fleming . The story was conceived and written by Michael France , with later collaboration by other writers . In the film , Bond fights to prevent an ex-MI6 agent , gone rogue , from using a satellite against London to cause a global financial meltdown . GoldenEye was released in 1995 after a six-year hiatus in the series caused by legal disputes , during which Timothy Dalton resigned from the role of James Bond and was replaced by Pierce Brosnan . M was also recast , with actress Judi Dench becoming the first woman to portray the character , replacing Robert Brown . The role of Miss Moneypenny was also recast , with Caroline Bliss being replaced by Samantha Bond ; Desmond Llewelyn was the only actor to reprise his role as Q. GoldenEye was the first Bond film made after the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War , which provided a background for the plot . The film accumulated a worldwide gross of US$ 350.7 million , considerably better than Dalton 's films , without taking inflation into account . The film received positive reviews , with critics viewing Brosnan as a definite improvement over his predecessor . The film also received award nominations for `` Best Achievement in Special Effects '' and `` Best Sound '' from the British Academy of Film and Television Arts . The name `` GoldenEye '' pays homage to James Bond 's creator , Ian Fleming . While working for British Naval Intelligence as a lieutenant commander , Fleming liaised with the American OSS to monitor developments in Spain after the Spanish Civil War in an operation codenamed Operation Goldeneye . Fleming used the name of his operation for his estate in Oracabessa , Jamaica . ", "Terrence Dashon Howard -LRB- born March 11 , 1969 -RRB- is an American actor and singer . Having his first major roles in the 1995 films Dead Presidents and Mr. Holland 's Opus , Howard broke into the mainstream with a succession of television and cinema roles between 2004 and 2006 . He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor for his role in Hustle & Flow . Howard has had prominent roles in many other movies including Winnie , Ray , Lackawanna Blues , Crash , Four Brothers , Get Rich or Die Tryin ' , Idlewild , August Rush , The Brave One and Prisoners . Howard played James Rhodes in Iron Man and reprised the role in the video game adaptation . However , he was replaced by Don Cheadle for the future films . He currently stars as the lead character Lucious Lyon in the television series Empire . His debut album , Shine Through It , was released in September 2008 . ", "William Pairman Brown was a Scottish amateur football inside forward who played in the Scottish League for Queen 's Park . ", "Chris Brown is an American singer , songwriter and actor who has appeared in many music videos . His videography consists of sixty-four music videos , five guest appearances , four video albums , four film appearances and four television appearances . Brown 's first music video was for his debut single `` Run It ! '' , taken from his self-titled debut album . Directed by Erik White , the video `` introduced the world '' to Brown 's dance moves . White and Brown directed the accompanying music video for the second single `` Yo -LRB- Excuse Me Miss -RRB- '' , which made reference to Michael Jackson . Some of Brown 's other videos have been noted for its similarities to Jackson 's work , including his music videos for `` Wall to Wall '' -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , `` Yeah 3x '' -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , `` She Ai n't You '' -LRB- 2011 -RRB- and `` Turn Up the Music '' -LRB- 2012 -RRB- . In 2007 , Brown made his acting debut in the film , Stomp the Yard , as Duron . That same year , he also appeared in This Christmas as Michael `` Baby '' Whitfield . Brown 's music video for the single `` Forever '' -LRB- 2008 -RRB- was directed by Joseph Kahn and was `` highly regarded as one of the best videos of 2008 '' . It earned Brown three nominations at the 2008 MTV Video Music Awards in the categories of Best Dancing in a Video , Best Choreography and Video of the Year . Joseph Kahn also directed the music videos for the singles `` I Can Transform Ya '' and `` Crawl '' , taken from Brown 's third studio album Graffiti -LRB- 2009 -RRB- . In 2010 , Brown appeared in the film , Takers , as Jesse Attica . His music video for `` Look at Me Now '' -LRB- from his fourth studio album F.A.M.E. -RRB- was well received by critics for displaying various colors and intricate routines performed by Brown and several dancers . It won Video of the Year at the 2011 BET Awards . Colin Tilley directed the video for `` Next 2 You '' -- a collaboration with Justin Bieber -- which was set in a post-apocalyptic environment . The music video for `` Beautiful People '' featured personal footage of Brown 's everyday life and cameo appearances from Diddy , Brandy , Bow Wow , T-Pain , Nelly and Timbaland , among others . In 2012 , Brown starred in the film , Think Like a Man , as Alex. " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 0, 1 ]

[ "Ann_Biderman", "Akiko_Ichikawa", "Marci_Geller", "Julia_Hasting", "Betty_Merken" ]

[ "Ann Biderman -LRB- born August 15 , 1951 -RRB- is an American film and television writer . She is the creator and executive producer of the NBC/TNT series Southland -LRB- 2009 -- 2013 -RRB- , and won an Emmy Award for Outstanding Individual Achievement in Writing in a Drama Series for an episode of NYPD Blue . She created , wrote , and produced '' Ray Donovan . ", "is a New York City-based interdisciplinary visual artist , writer , and editor . She has exhibited her work in The Hague , Berlin , Washington D.C. , Newark , St. Paul , Minnesota , and Incheon , South Korea , as well as in New York City 's Brooklyn , Queens , Manhattan , and the Bronx . She has also written on contemporary and 20th century art and culture for Flash Art , Hyperallergic , and zingmagazine . ", "Marci Anne Geller is an American singer-songwriter from Long Island , New York . She is an internationally acclaimed touring artist with numerous soundtrack placements on VH1 , MTV , A&E , ABC Family , Discovery , FoodTV , etc. . She is a member of SESAC and was also named one of the `` Top 10 Best Singer/Songwriters '' by Independent Songwriter Magazine . She co-owns the independent music production company/label Sonic Underground with Gian DiMauro . The label was birthed from Sonic Underground the recording studio which opened its doors in 1990 . She was the opening act for and a member of Ritchie Blackmore 's group Blackmore 's Night -LRB- 1999 -- 2000 -RRB- playing keyboard and singing background vocals . She has collaborated and shared the stage with noted musicians and composers such as David Amram , Christine Lavin , Buskin and Batteau , Vance Gilbert , James Maddock , Adam Forgione , Alex Alexander -LRB- Drummer for Dido -RRB- , Brian Dunne , Kevin Dunne , John Tabacco , Chris Pati , Jim Dexter . Her husband/manager , musician and recording engineer Gian DiMauro , co-produced the CD Here On The Edge along with producer David Warner Cook . Her song `` We Carry On '' was performed live on the Regis and Kathie Lee show . Marci was a founding member of the acoustic trio Lucky 13. , along with Susan DeVita and Cathy Kreger . Lucky 13 was active from 2008 to early 2011 . They released one album . Marci 's next CD `` Square Peg '' will be officially released in January 2016 . ", "Julia Hasting -LRB- born 1970 -RRB- is a German graphic designer . She is the Creative Director of Phaidon Press , head of the design department . She is known for the many best-selling books she designed such as Andy Warhol Catalogue Raisonné , magnumº , A Day at elBulli , and Bruce Nauman : the True Artist . ", "Betty Merken is an American painter and printmaker who lives and works in Seattle , Washington . Merken 's abstract geometric monotypes and paintings recall the early Modernist works of Piet Mondrian and often echo freedoms of painterly gesture pioneered by the Abstract Expressionists . Her work can be found in several galleries and in numerous private and public collections in the United States , Asia , and Europe , and in the permanent collections of several major museums , including the Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco -LRB- The de Young Museum and the California Palace of the Legion of Honor -RRB- , the UCLA Hammer Museum in Los Angeles , and the Portland Art Museum in Portland , Oregon . Merken has been honored with fellowships from the BAU Institute in Otranto , Italy and New York , and from the Civita Institute for Architecture and Urban Studies in Italy -LRB- formerly Northwest Institute for Architecture and Urban Studies in Italy -RRB- . She is the co-author , with Stefan Merken , of Wall Art , Megamurals and Supergraphics -LRB- Philadelphia : Running Press , 1987 -RRB- . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Jason_Bourne_-LRB-film-RRB-", "SpyHunter_2", "Warlock-COLON-_The_Armageddon", "The_Man_from_U.N.C.L.E._-LRB-film-RRB-", "Jaiden_Kaine" ]

[ "Jason Bourne is a 2016 American action thriller film directed by Paul Greengrass written by Greengrass and Christopher Rouse . In this fifth installment of the Jason Bourne film series and direct sequel to 2007 's The Bourne Ultimatum , Matt Damon reprises his role as the main character , former CIA assassin and psychogenic amnesiac Jason Bourne . In the film , Bourne remains on the run from CIA hit squads as he tries to uncover hidden truths about his father . CIA director Robert Dewey -LRB- Tommy Lee Jones -RRB- orders the CIA head of cyber-security Heather Lee -LRB- Alicia Vikander -RRB- to hunt him down . Julia Stiles , Vincent Cassel , Riz Ahmed , Ato Essandoh and Scott Shepherd also star . Principal photography on the film commenced on September 8 , 2015 . The film premiered in London on July 11 , 2016 , and was theatrically released in the United States on July 29 , 2016 , by Universal Pictures . The film received mixed reviews from critics but was a box office success , grossing $ 415 million worldwide . ", "Spy Hunter 2 is a video game published by Midway in 2003 for PlayStation 2 and Xbox . This game is the sequel to the 2001 remake of the 1983 game Spy Hunter . The player takes off his 1st mission in Russia , right where the last level left off from leaving Petra , Jordan and the NOSTRA organization completely decimated initializing a sequel from the 2001 remake ; he begins his cooperation with Agent Duvelle . Traveling in various locations all around the planet including the USA , Asia , Swiss Alps , Switzerland , and Antarctica . The weapons van is brought back again and equipped this time with an automatic turret / machine gun being that the player can utilize in extreme vehicular combat resolutions . The newly acquired Interceptor SpyHunter vehicle can enter off-road mode and transform itself into a jet-ski , a snow-mobile , a motor-tricycle , and a speedboat . The player can also choose an arsenal of weapons upon their liking that are coming from the background of James Bond 007 and a chocolate sparkle of Mission Impossible . The various armament includes Mines , Smoke Screen , Oil Slick , Machine Guns , Rockets , Missiles , Lasers and Cannons . The soundtrack features the song `` Dark Carnival '' -LRB- see below -RRB- recorded by Vanessa Carlton . ", "Warlock : The Armageddon is a 1993 American horror film directed by Anthony Hickox and produced by Peter Abrams . It is a sequel in title only to the 1989 film Warlock and stars Julian Sands , who returns in the title role as a warlock who attempts to free Satan from Hell . ", "The Man from U.N.C.L.E. is a 2015 American action comedy film directed by Guy Ritchie and written by Ritchie and Lionel Wigram . It is based on the 1964 MGM television series of the same name , which was created by Ian Fleming , Norman Felton and Sam Rolfe . The film stars Henry Cavill , Armie Hammer , Alicia Vikander , Elizabeth Debicki , Jared Harris and Hugh Grant . The film was produced by RatPac-Dune Entertainment and Davis Entertainment . In 1993 , John Davis obtained the rights for a film adaptation based on the original series . However , the film fell into development hell due to multiple script rewrites . Over the years , Matthew Vaughn , David Dobkin and Steven Soderbergh were optioned for directing until Ritchie signed on in March 2013 . The film premiered at Barcelona on August 2 , 2015 and was released on August 14 by Warner Bros. . Pictures , receiving mixed reviews and was a box office disappointment , grossing only $ 109 million worldwide against a $ 75 million budget . Vikander , with a number of films that year , won awards from three different critics associations for Actor of the Year and Breakthrough Film Artist . The Man from U.N.C.L.E. was released on DVD and Blu-ray on November 17 , 2015 by Warner Home Video . ", "Jaiden Kaine is a Cuban-American actor . He is known for his breakout role as Oswall Swann in Ridley Scott 's Killing Lincoln and Beau on The Vampire Diaries . He has Cuban , Irish , and Antiguan ancestry . He was a member of the military outfit Blackwater . " ]

[ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Chris_Benoit", "Black_Terry", "Royal_Rumble_-LRB-2004-RRB-", "Dolph_Ziggler", "WrestleMania_XX" ]

[ "Christopher Michael Benoit -LRB- -LSB- bəˈnwa -RSB- ; May 21 , 1967 -- June 24 , 2007 -RRB- was a Canadian professional wrestler . During his 22-year career , Benoit worked for numerous promotions including the World Wrestling Federation/World Wrestling Entertainment -LRB- WWF/WWE -RRB- , World Championship Wrestling -LRB- WCW -RRB- , Extreme Championship Wrestling -LRB- ECW -RRB- , and New Japan Pro-Wrestling -LRB- NJPW -RRB- . Industry historian Dave Meltzer considered him `` one of the top 10 , maybe even the top 5 , all-time greats '' . Benoit held 22 championships between WWF/WWE , WCW , NJPW , and ECW . He was a two-time world champion , having been a one-time WCW World Heavyweight Champion , and a one-time World Heavyweight Champion in WWE ; he was booked to win a third world championship at a WWE event on the night of his death . Benoit was the twelfth WWE Triple Crown Champion and sixth WCW Triple Crown Champion , and the second of five men in history to achieve both the WWE and WCW Triple Crown Championships . He was also the 2004 Royal Rumble winner , joining Shawn Michaels as the only two men to win a Royal Rumble as the number one entrant . Benoit headlined multiple pay-per-views for WWE , including a victory in the World Heavyweight Championship main event match of WrestleMania XX in 2004 . Benoit murdered his wife and son on June 22 , 2007 , and hanged himself two days later . Research suggests depression and brain damage from numerous concussions are likely contributing factors leading to the crime . ", "Esteban Mares Castañeda -LRB- born September 3 , 1952 -RRB- is a Mexican luchador , or professional wrestler , better known by the ring name Black Terry . Wrestling since 1973 , he was once part of a group called Los Temerarios alongside Jose Luis Feliciano and Shu El Guerrero . He has previously worked as the masked character Guerrero Maya -LRB- `` Mayan Warrior '' -RRB- where he formed the group called Los Guerreros Del Futuro -LRB- `` The Warriors of the Future '' -RRB- with Guerrero del Futuro -LRB- a masked Feliciano -RRB- and Damian El Guerrero . He is the father of wrestler Guerrero Maya , Jr. although the relationship is not officially recognized due to Guerrero Maya , Jr. being a masked wrestler . ", "Royal Rumble -LRB- 2004 -RRB- was the 17th annual Royal Rumble professional wrestling pay-per-view -LRB- PPV -RRB- event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment -LRB- WWE -RRB- . It was presented by Sony 's PlayStation 2 , took place on January 25 , 2004 , at the Wachovia Center in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania and featured talent from the Raw and SmackDown ! brands . As has been customary since 1993 , the Royal Rumble match winner received a match at that year 's WrestleMania , in this instance WrestleMania XX . Beginning with this Royal Rumble , the winner could challenge at WrestleMania his choice of either the WWE Championship or the World Heavyweight Championship . Six professional wrestling matches were featured on the event 's supercard , a scheduling of more than one main event . The main event was the annual 30-man Royal Rumble match , which featured wrestlers from both brands . Chris Benoit , the first entrant , won the match by last eliminating The Big Show , the twenty-fourth entrant . This win resulted in Benoit breaking the longevity record last held by Bob Backlund , staying in the match for over one hour . The primary match on the Raw brand was a Last Man Standing match between Triple H and Shawn Michaels for the World Heavyweight Championship , which ended in a draw . The predominant match on the SmackDown ! brand was Brock Lesnar versus Hardcore Holly for the WWE Championship , which Lesnar won to retain the championship . The featured match on the undercard was a Tables match for the World Tag Team Championship between Evolution -LRB- Ric Flair and Batista -RRB- and the Dudley Boyz -LRB- Bubba Ray and D-Von -RRB- , which Evolution won to retain the titles . ", "Nicholas Theodore Nemeth -LRB- born July 27 , 1980 -RRB- , best known by the ring name Dolph Ziggler , is an American professional wrestler , actor , and occasional stand-up comedian . He is signed to WWE on the SmackDown brand . Nemeth signed a development contract with WWE in 2004 , and was sent to Ohio Valley Wrestling -LRB- OVW -RRB- . He was brought up to the Raw brand in 2005 as Kerwin White 's sidekick . He was , however , sent back to OVW shortly afterwards , where he joined The Spirit Squad as Nicky . They debuted on Raw in January 2006 , and won the World Tag Team Championship once before returning to OVW that November . In September 2007 , Nemeth was assigned to Florida Championship Wrestling -LRB- FCW -RRB- , where he won the FCW Florida Tag Team Championship twice , with Brad Allen and later Gavin Spears . Nemeth returned to the WWE main roster under his current ring name in September 2008 . Since then , Ziggler has held WWE 's World Heavyweight Championship twice , the Intercontinental Championship five times , the United States Championship once , and was the 2012 Money in the Bank winner . He has also been the sole survivor of two Survivor Series elimination matches at the 2012 and 2014 events . ", "WrestleMania XX was the twentieth annual WrestleMania professional wrestling pay-per-view -LRB- PPV -RRB- event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment -LRB- WWE -RRB- . It took place on March 14 , 2004 , at Madison Square Garden in New York City . The event was a joint-promotion pay-per-view event , featuring performers from the Raw and SmackDown ! brands . The card for the event featured two main events . The main match for the Raw brand was a Triple Threat match for the World Heavyweight Championship between champion Triple H , Shawn Michaels , and Chris Benoit . Benoit won the match , making Triple H submit via the Crippler Crossface . The main match for the SmackDown ! brand featured Eddie Guerrero versus Kurt Angle for the WWE Championship which Guerrero won after a small package . The event featured the return of The Undertaker , who defeated Kane after a Tombstone Piledriver . John Cena made his WrestleMania debut at the event by defeating Big Show to win his first WWE title , the WWE United States Championship . Also on the card was a match between Goldberg and Brock Lesnar with Stone Cold Steve Austin as the special guest referee . This was both Lesnar 's and Goldberg 's final match with WWE until 2012 Extreme Rules and 2016 Survivor Series respectively . After Goldberg won the match following a Jackhammer , both men were given a Stone Cold Stunner by Austin on their way out . WrestleMania XX was the third WrestleMania at Madison Square Garden -LRB- after WrestleManias I and X -RRB- and the fourth of five WrestleManias in the New York metropolitan area -LRB- alongside WrestleManias I , 2 , X and 29 -RRB- . The event grossed US$ 2.4 million in ticket sales , making the Pay-Per-View the highest grossing event ever for WWE at Madison Square Garden . More than 20,000 people from 16 countries , 48 states attended the event , which was also televised in more than 90 countries . The event generated an estimated $ 13.5 million of economic activity for New York City and created an equivalent of 96 full-year jobs . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Anthony_Scaramucci", "Scaramouche", "Gianrico_Carofiglio", "Christophe_Rocancourt", "Gregory_Scarpa" ]

[ "Anthony Scaramucci -LRB- born January 6 , 1964 -RRB- is an American entrepreneur , financier , political figure , and author . On January 12 , 2017 , President Donald Trump announced his intent to appoint Scaramucci Director of the White House Office of Public Liaison and Intergovernmental Affairs . Scaramucci 's swearing-in was reportedly delayed by an extended review of his finances by the Office of Government Ethics , although the ethics office denied that clearance was necessary before making White House appointments . Ultimately , George Sifakis was appointed instead . Following the 2016 election , Scaramucci served on the Presidential Transition Team Executive Committee . In 2005 , Scaramucci founded global investment firm SkyBridge Capital , serving as co-managing partner before selling the company in early 2017 to take a role in the Trump administration . Scaramucci also previously served as host of a financial television show Wall Street Week and contributor to the Fox News Channel . ", "Scaramuccia -LRB- literally `` little skirmisher '' -RRB- , also known as Scaramouche or Scaramouch , is a stock clown character of the Italian commedia dell ` arte . The role combined characteristics of the zanni -LRB- servant -RRB- and the Capitano -LRB- masked henchman -RRB- . Usually attired in black Spanish dress and burlesquing a don , he was often beaten by Harlequin for his boasting and cowardice . ", "Gianrico Carofiglio -LRB- born 30 May 1961 -RRB- is a novelist and former anti-Mafia judge in the Italian city of Bari . His debut novel , Involuntary Witness , published in 2002 and translated into English in 2005 by Patrick Creagh , was published by the Bitter Lemon Press and has been adapted as the basis for a popular television series in Italy . The subsequent novels were translated by Howard Curtis . Carofiglio won the 2005 Premio Bancarella award for his novel `` Il passato è una terra straniera '' . He is also Honorary President of The Edinburgh Gadda Prize which celebrates the work of Carlo Emilio Gadda . ", "Christophe Thierry Daniel Rocancourt , sometimes also called Christopher Rocancourt -LRB- born July 16 , 1967 -RRB- , is a French impostor and confidence man who scammed affluent people by masquerading in turn as a French nobleman , the heir to the Rockefeller family or family member of a celebrity . ", "Gregory Scarpa , Sr. -LRB- May 8 , 1928 -- June 4 , 1994 -RRB- nicknamed The Grim Reaper and also The Mad Hatter , was an American capo and hitman for the Colombo crime family and an informant for the FBI . During the 1970s and 80s , Scarpa was the chief enforcer and a veteran hitman for Colombo boss Carmine Persico . Scarpa was responsible for committing three murders in 1991 and is suspected to have committed a minimum of 80 murders from the early 1950s through 1992 . Scarpa is believed by the FBI to have murdered 100 to 120 people . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Robert_Teitel", "Hollow_Man", "Dead_Men_Dreaming", "Hollow", "Hollow_Man_2" ]

[ "Robert Teitel is an American film producer . Teitel produced the films Soul Food -LRB- 1997 -RRB- , Men of Honor -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , and the three films in the Barbershop series : Barbersop , Barbershop 2 : Back in Business , and Beauty Shop . He also co-produced of the television series Barbershop : The Series . A 1990 graduate of Columbia College Chicago , he has been associated with writer/director George Tillman , Jr. since they were students there . ", "Hollow Man is a 2000 American-German science fiction horror film directed by Paul Verhoeven and starring Kevin Bacon , Elisabeth Shue and Josh Brolin . Bacon portrays the title character , a scientist who renders himself invisible and goes on a killing spree , a story inspired by H. G. Wells ' novel The Invisible Man . The film was nominated for an Academy Award for Visual Effects in 2001 , but lost to Gladiator . The film is Verhoeven 's most recent American production . In 2013 , Verhoeven remarked to The Hollywood Reporter : `` I decided after Hollow Man , this is a movie , the first movie that I made that I thought I should not have made . It made money and this and that , but it really is not me anymore . I think many other people could have done that . I do n't think many people could have made RoboCop that way , or either Starship Troopers . But Hollow Man , I thought there might have been 20 directors in Hollywood who could have done that . I felt depressed with myself after 2002 . '' It partly contributed in his return to the Netherlands , his home country , where he made Black Book in 2006 , which was considered a return to form . A direct-to-video stand-alone sequel called Hollow Man 2 starring Christian Slater and Peter Facinelli was released in 2006 . ", "Dead Men Dreaming is a Rock band from Staten Island , New York . They have performed with bands such as Static X , Bury Your Dead , Life of Agony , Type O Negative , ill Niño , Kittie , Dope , Otep , Walls of Jericho , Black Market Hero , Flaw , Marc Rizzo of Soulfly , Suicide City , Wheatus , Britny Fox , Enuff Z'nuff , Strength in Numbers and The PennyRoyals . Dead Men Dreaming released their self-titled debut on October 14 , 2006 . Songs from their first album can be heard on regular rotation on CMJ radio stations such as 89.5 WSOU in New Jersey . In 2007 and 2008 , they performed showcases at SXSW , as well as a cross-country tour in 2007 which includes headlining the Whisky a Go Go in Hollywood , California . In October 2008 , Dima Shnaydman joined Dead Men Dreaming , replacing the original drummer Chuck Bennetti who parted ways with the band but remains a close friend . In 2009 , they were part of the Bamboozle Tour presented by Wonka at the Meadowlands Complex in East Rutherford , NJ . They have also headlined at the Gramercy Theater as well as the Fillmore at Irving Plaza . In 2010 , they released their album Last Call with producer/engineer Jim Wirt -LRB- Incubus , Something Corporate , Jack 's Mannequin , Live , and Hoobastank -RRB- ", "Hollow may refer to : ", "Hollow Man 2 is a 2006 American science fiction horror film directed by Claudio Fäh and starring Peter Facinelli , Laura Regan and Christian Slater . It is the stand-alone sequel to the film Hollow Man . It was released direct-to-video on May 23 , 2006 . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Stephen_Moyer", "Stephen_W_Tayler", "David_Moyer", "The_Moyer_Foundation", "Peter_Byck" ]

[ "Stephen Moyer -LRB- born Stephen John Emery ; 11 October 1969 -RRB- is an English film and television actor and director who is best known as vampire Bill Compton in the HBO series True Blood . Moyer 's first television role was in 1993 as Philip Masefield in the TV adaptation of the play Conjugal Rites , written by actor/playwright Roger Hall . This was followed by the television film Lord of Misrule , filmed in Fowey , Cornwall , which also featured Richard Wilson , Emily Mortimer and Prunella Scales . In 1997 , Moyer made his big-screen debut landing the lead role in the film adaptation of the long-running comic strip Prince Valiant by Hal Foster , working alongside Ron Perlman and Katherine Heigl . ", "Stephen Tayler is a mixing and recording engineer , music producer , musician , composer and sound designer who has contributed towards many albums for artists including Kate Bush , Suzanne Vega , Peter Gabriel , Underworld , Duncan Sheik , Howard Jones , Stevie Nicks , Milla Jovovich , Rush , Bob Geldof , Rupert Hine and Tina Turner . Stephen works closely with producer , filmmaker and artist Sadia Sadia . Starting with analogue and tape techniques , and subsequently an early adopter of synthesis , sampling and digital technology , he is based out of one of four long-term project spaces at Real World Studios in Wiltshire , UK . ", "David Lloyd Moyer is a former American bishop . He was a priest of the Episcopal Church before becoming a bishop of the Anglican Church in America , a Continuing Anglicanism body . In 2014 , he stepped aside from his ordained ministry to be received into the Roman Catholic Church as a layman , as his congregation , then known as the Blessed John Henry Newman Catholic Community of Straffod , PA , prepared to enter the Personal Ordinariate of the Chair of St. Peter , the North American ordinariate for former Anglicans . The community later merged with a second local Anglican Ordinariate group to form St. John the Baptist Catholic Church in Bridgeport , PA. . ", "The Moyer Foundation is a charity for children founded in 2000 by major league baseball player Jamie Moyer and his wife , Karen . It is based in Seattle , Washington . The Moyer Foundation has raised over $ 20 million to assist hundreds of programs that directly serve the needs of children in severe distress . The Moyer Foundation raises funds through special events , corporate partners , and individual donors . ", "Peter Byck is a film director from Louisville , Kentucky . His most recent and substantial work is the documentary Carbon Nation , narrated by Bill Kurtis . Peter was a guest on Real Time with Bill Maher on August 17 , 2012 and on April 12 , 2013 . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "New_Jersey_Turnpike", "List_of_turnpikes_in_New_Jersey", "List_of_U.S._Routes_in_New_Jersey", "Newburgh_and_Cochecton_Turnpike", "Freedom_Tunnel" ]

[ "The New Jersey Turnpike -LRB- NJTP -RRB- , colloquially known to New Jerseyans as `` the Turnpike '' , is a toll road in New Jersey , maintained by the New Jersey Turnpike Authority . According to the International Bridge , Tunnel and Turnpike Association , the Turnpike is the nation 's sixth-busiest toll road and is one of the most heavily traveled highways in the United States . Having a total length of 122.40 mi , the Turnpike 's southern terminus begins at Interstate 295 -LRB- I-295 -RRB- near the border of Pennsville and Carneys Point Townships in Salem County , one mile east of the Delaware Memorial Bridge . Its northern terminus is located at the George Washington Bridge in Fort Lee , Bergen County . The Turnpike is a major thoroughfare providing access to various localities in New Jersey , as well as Delaware , Pennsylvania , and New York . The route divides into four roadways between exit 6 and exit 14 , with the inner lanes restricted to carrying only cars , and with the outer lanes for cars , trucks and buses . The northern part of the mainline turnpike , along with the entirety of its extensions and spurs , is part of the Interstate Highway System , designated as I-95 between exit 6 and its northern end . South of exit 6 , it has the unsigned Route 700 designation . There are two extensions and two spurs , including the Newark Bay Extension at exit 14 , which carries I-78 ; the Pennsylvania Turnpike Extension -LRB- officially the Pearl Harbor Memorial Turnpike Extension -RRB- at exit 6 ; and the Eastern Spur and the Western Spur at the turnpike 's northernmost end . Construction of the mainline from conceptualization to completion took 23 months , from 1950 to 1952 . It was officially opened to traffic in November 1951 , between its southern terminus and exit 10 . The Turnpike has 12 ft lanes , 10 ft shoulders , 13 rest areas named after notable residents of New Jersey , and unusual exit signage that was considered the pinnacle of highway building in the 1950s . The Interstate Highway System took some of its design guidelines by copying the Turnpike 's design guidelines . To some degree , the Turnpike is considered iconic in pop culture , having been referenced in music , film and television . ", "This is a list of turnpike roads , built and operated by private companies in exchange for the privilege of collecting a toll , in the U.S. state of New Jersey , mainly in the 19th century . While most of the roads are now maintained as free public roads , some have been abandoned . -RCB- | Allentown - Imlaystown | CR 526 | - | Belleville Bridge and Turnpike Road Association | | | | - | Belleville Turnpike | | Belleville - Kearny | Route 7 | - | Belleville and Newark Plank Road | | | | - | Bergen Turnpike | | Hackensack - Ridgefield - Hoboken | Hudson Street , Bergen Turnpike , U.S. Route 1/9 , Bergen Turnpike , Hackensack Plank Road | - | Berlin and Haddonfield Turnpike | | Berlin - Haddonfield | CR 561 | - | Beverly and Charleston Turnpike | | | | - | Beverly and Mount Holly Plank Road or Turnpike | | Beverly - Rancocas - Mount Holly | Mount Holly Road , Beverly Rancocas Road , Rancocas Road | - | Beverly and Riverton Turnpike and Bridge Company | | | | - | Bordentown and Columbus Turnpike | | Bordentown - Columbus - Chambers Corners | U.S. Route 206 | - | Bordentown and Crosswicks Turnpike | | Bordentown - Crosswicks - North Crosswicks ; branch to Chesterfield - New Egypt | CR 528 , Bordentown Crosswicks Road ; CR 528 | - | Bordentown and Drawbridge Turnpike | | Bordentown - White Horse | US 206 | - | Bordentown and Hornerstown Turnpike | | Bordentown - Chesterfield - Hornerstown | County Route 528 , Arneytown Chesterfield Road , Arneytown Hornerstown Road | - | Bordentown and South Amboy Turnpike | | Bordentown - Washington - Hightstown - Cranbury - Jamesburg - Spotswood - South Amboy | U.S. Route 130 , Route 33 , Main Street , County Route 535 , Bordentown Turnpike , County Route 615 | - | Bricksburg and Point Pleasant Turnpike | | | | - | Bridgeton and Deerfield Turnpike | | | | - | Bridgeton and Fairfield Turnpike | | Bridgeton - Fairton | Bridgeton Fairton Road | - | Bridgeton and Marlton Turnpike | | | | - | Bridgeton and Millville Turnpike | | Bridgeton - Millville | Route 49 | - | Burlington Turnpike | | Unbuilt | | - | Burlington and Beverly Turnpike | | Burlington - Beverly | County Route 543 | - | Burlington and Columbus Turnpike | | Burlington - Columbus - Tilghmans Corner | CR 543 , Mt. Pleasant Road | - | Burlington and Jacksonville Turnpike | | | | - | Burlington and Mount Holly Turnpike | | Burlington - Mount Holly | County Route 541 | - | Burlington and Willingboro Turnpike | | Burlington - Willingboro | Salem Road | - | Camden and Atlantic Turnpike | | | | - | Camden and Blackwoodtown Turnpike | | Camden - Mount Ephraim - Blackwood | Route 168 | - | Camden , Ellisburg and Marlton Turnpike | | Camden - Marlton | Route 70 | - | Camden and Gloucester City Turnpike | | | | - | Cape Island Turnpike | | Cape May Point - Cape May | Sunset Boulevard | - | Cape May Turnpike | | Cape May - Cape May Court House | U.S. Route 9 | - | Cape May Boulevard Turnpike | | | | - | Centreton Turnpike | | | | - | Coleville and Carpenter 's Point Turnpike | | Colesville Wantage Twp , Montague Twp | Route 23 | - | Columbia and Walpack Turnpike | | Columbia - Millbrook - Walpack - Tuttles Corner | Interstate 80 , Old Mine Road , Mountain Road , Brook Road | - | Columbus and Kinkora Turnpike | | Kinkora - Columbus | Kinkora Road , Hedding Road | - | Columbus and Wrightstown Turnpike | | | | - | County Line Turnpike | | New Brunswick - Ten Mile Run | | - | Crosswicks and Trenton Turnpike | | Crosswicks - Trenton | Broad Street , County Route 524 | - | Deal and Squan Bridge Turnpike | | Deal - Asbury Park - Belmar - Lake Como | Route 71 | - | Deckertown and Newton Turnpike | | Sussex - Newton | Loomis Avenue , County Route 565 , U.S. Route 206 | - | Delaware and Jobstown Rail or McAdamised Road | | | | - | Dover Turnpike | | Unbuilt | | - | Dutch Lane and Marlboro Turnpike | | | | - | East Brunswick and New Brunswick Turnpike | | | | - | Eatontown and Sea Shore Turnpike | | Eatontown - Long Branch | County Route 537 | - | Eatontown and Squan Turnpike | | | | - | Elizabeth and Rahway Plank Road | | | | - | Englewood Dock and Turnpike | | | | - | Englishtown and Millstone Turnpike | | | | - | Englishtown Turnpike | | | | - | Essex and Middlesex Turnpike | | New Brunswick - Metuchen - Rahway - Elizabeth - Newark | Route 27 , Northeast Corridor right-of-way , Broad Street | - | Ewing and Hopewell Turnpike | | | | - | Farmers ' Turnpike | | Unbuilt | | - | Farmingdale and Squankum Turnpike | | | | - | Florence and Freehold Plank or Turnpike Road | | Florence - Freehold | | - | Florence and Jobstown Turnpike | | | | - | Florence and Keyport Plank Road | | Union Beach - Morganville | County Route 39 , County Route 3 | Was planned to reach Florence | - | Forked River and Barnegat Turnpike | | | | - | Franklin Turnpike | | Ho-Ho-Kus - Allendale - Mahwah - New York -LRB- Orange Turnpike -RRB- | Franklin Turnpike , County Route 507 | - | Freehold and Colt 's Neck Turnpike | | Freehold - Colts Neck | County Route 537 | - | Freehold and Englishtown Turnpike | | Freehold - Englishtown | County Route 522 | - | Freehold and Howell Plank Road | | Freehold - Howell | Route 79 , U.S. Route 9 , County Route 524 | - | Freehold and Jerseyville Turnpike | | | Jerseyville Avenue , Route 33 | - | Freehold and Smithville Plank Road | | | County Route 537 | - | Freehold and Smithville Turnpike | | | County Route 537 | - | Georgetown and Franklin Turnpike | | New Brunswick - Rocky Hill - Hopewell - Lambertville - Pennsylvania | Route 27 , County Route 518 | - | Glassboro and Carpenter 's Landing Turnpike | | Glassboro - Mantua | | - | Glassboro and Malaga Turnpike | | Glassboro - Clayton - Franklinville - Malaga | Route 47 | - | Gloucester Turnpike | | | | - | Gloucester and Salem Turnpike | | | | - | Good Intent and Woodbury Turnpike | | | | - | Godwinville and Paterson McAdamized Road | | | | - | Gravelly Ridge Turnpike | | Jericho - Woods Upper Mill | Jericho Road | - | Great and Little Egg Harbor Turnpike | | | | - | Hackensack and Fort Lee Turnpike | | Hackensack - Fort Lee | Fort Lee Road , Main Street | - | Hackensack and Harrington Plank Road | | Ridgefield Park - Teaneck - Dumont - New York | Teaneck Road , Washington Avenue , Schraalenburgh Road , Tappan Road | - | Hackensack and Paterson Turnpike | | Paterson - Elmwood Park - Saddle Brook - Hackensack | Market Street , Essex Street | - | Hackensack Plank Road | | Bergen Turnpike | | - | Haddonfield and Camden Turnpike | | Haddonfield - Camden | County Route 561 | - | Hainesport , Lumberton and Vincentown Turnpike | | Hainesport - Lumberton - Vincentown | Chestnut Street , Landing Street | - | Highlands and Sea Bright Turnpike | | Navesink Beach -LRB- Highlands Station -RRB- - Sea Bright | Route 36 | - | Hightstown and Allentown Turnpike | | | | - | Hightstown and Cranbury Turnpike | | | | - | Hightstown and Imlaystown Turnpike | | | | - | Hightstown and Manalapanville Turnpike | | Hightstown - Manalapan | Route 33 | - | Hightstown and Perrineville Turnpike | | | | - | Hightstown and Princeton Turnpike | | | | - | Hightstown and Robbinsville Turnpike | | | | - | Hoboken and Hudson River Turnpike | | | | - | Holmdel and Keyport Turnpike | | Holmdel - Keyport | County Route 4 | - | Holmdel and Middletown Point Turnpike | | Holmdel - Matawan | Route 34 | - | Hope and Hackettstown Turnpike | | Unbuilt | | - | Hopewell and Ewing Turnpike | | Trenton - Ewing - Pennington | Route 31 | - | Howell Turnpike | | | | - | Hudson and Bergen Plank Road | | | | - | Hudson and Hackensack Roadway | | | | - | Hunterdon and Sussex Turnpike | | Unbuilt | | - | Jefferson Turnpike | | Unbuilt | | - | Jersey City and Acquackanonk Turnpike | | Unbuilt | | - | Jersey City and Bergen Point Plank Road | | Jersey City - Bayonne - Bergen Point | Grand Street , Ocean Avenue , Broadway | - | Keyport and Middletown Turnpike | | | Route 35 | - | Keyport and Oak Grove Turnpike | | Unbuilt | Broadway , Lloyd Road , Line Road | - | Lambertville and Flemington Plank Road | | | | - | Lambertville and Flemington Turnpike | | | | - | Lambertville and Ringoes Turnpike | | | | - | Lambertville and Rocky Hill Turnpike | | | | - | Lawrence Turnpike | | | | - | Lawrenceville , Berkeley and Thorofare Turnpike | | | | - | Leedsville and Colt 's Neck Turnpike | | | | - | Long Beach Turnpike | | Manahawkin - Ship Bottom | Route 72 | - | Long Branch and Deal Turnpike | | Deal - Long Branch | Monmouth Road | - | Long Branch and Sea Bright Turnpike | | Sea Bright - Long Branch | Route 36 | - | Long-a-coming and Chew 's Landing Turnpike | | Berlin -LRB- Long-a-coming -RRB- - Clementon - Chews Landing | Clementon Road , Berlin Road , Chews Landing Road | - | Longacoming , May 's Landing and Tuckerton Turnpike | | | | - | Manalapan and Freehold Turnpike | | Manalapan - Freehold | Route 33 ; County Route 24 | - | Manalapan and Patton 's Corner Turnpike | | Manalapan - Morganville | County Route 3 | - | Manalapan Turnpike | | | | - | Manalapanville and Englishtown Turnpike | | Manalapan - Englishtown | County Route 527 Alternate | - | Manalapanville and Perrineville Turnpike | | | | - | Mantua Creek and Red Bank Turnpike | | | | - | Marlborough and Quinton 's Bridge Turnpike | | | | - | Matawan and Holmdel Turnpike | | Unbuilt | Bethany Road , Church Street | - | Mechanicsville and Oceanville Turnpike | | | | - | Medford and Indiantown Turnpike | | | | - | Medford and Tuckerton Turnpike | | Medford - Tuckerton | County Route 541 , Stokes Road , Iron Pipe Road , Chatsworth Road , Stage Road | - | Middlesex and Monmouth Turnpike | | | County Route 516 | - | Middletown Turnpike | | Middletown - Red Bank | Route 35 | - | Middletown and Holmdel Turnpike | | | | - | Middletown and Keyport Turnpike | | Keyport - Middletown | Route 35 | - | Milltown Turnpike | | | | - | Millville and Buckshutem Turnpike | | | | - | Millville and Malaga Road | | Millville - Vineland - Malaga | Route 47 | - | Millville and Mauricetown Turnpike | | | | - | Millville , Vineland and Carlsburg Turnpike | | | | - | Monmouth County Plank Road | | Freehold - Matawan - Keyport | Route 79 , County Route 516 , County Route 6 | - | Moorestown and Camden Turnpike | | Moorestown - Camden | County Route 537 | - | Moorestown and Mount Laurel Turnpike | | Moorestown - Mount Laurel | | - | Morris Turnpike | | Elizabeth - Union - Morristown - Netcong - Newton - Culver 's Gap | Route 82 , Route 124 , Sussex Turnpike , Route 10 , U.S. Route 46 , U.S. Route 206 , County Route 519 , Morris Turnpike | - | Morristown and Baskingridge Turnpike | | | | - | Mount Holly and Eayrestown Turnpike | | | | - | Mount Holly and Jobstown Turnpike | | Mount Holly - Jobstown | County Route 537 | - | Mount Holly , Lumberton and Medford Turnpike | | Mount Holly - Lumberton - Medford | County Route 541 | - | Mount Holly and Moorestown Turnpike | | Mount Holly - Moorestown | County Route 537 | - | Mount Holly and Pemberton Turnpike | | | | - | Mount Holly and Pemberton South Turnpike | | | | - | Mount Hope and Longwood Turnpike | | Unbuilt | | - | Mullica Hill and Camden Turnpike | | Mullica Hill - Mantua - Woodbury | Route 45 | - | Mullica Hill and Pittsgrove Turnpike | | | | - | Mullica Hill and Pole Tavern Turnpike | | | | - | Mullica Hill and Red Bank Turnpike or McAdamized Road | | | | - | Mullica Hill and Woodbury Turnpike | | | | - | Mullica Hill and Woodstown Turnpike | | Mullica Hill - Woodstown | Route 45 | - | Navesink Turnpike | | | | - | Newark Plank Road and Ferry | | Jersey City - Newark | Newark Avenue , Communipaw Ave/U . S. Route 1/9 Truck , Ferry Street | - | Newark Turnpike | | Jersey City - Harrison - Newark | Newark Avenue , Route 7 , County Route 508 | - | Newark and Clinton Plank Road | | | | - | Newark and Elizabeth Plank Road | | Newark - Elizabeth | NJ 27 | - | Newark and Elizabethtown Plank Road | | | | - | Newark and Morris Turnpike | | Newark - South Orange - Morristown | County Route 510 | - | Newark and Mount Pleasant Turnpike | | Newark - West Orange - Dover | Route 10 | - | Newark and Pompton Turnpike | | Newark - Bloomfield - Montclair - Singac - Riverdale ; Montclair - Caldwell - Pine Brook | County Route 506 Spur , County Route 506 , Route 23 , Newark Pompton Turnpike ; County Route 506 | - | New Brunswick and Cranbury Turnpike | | New Brunswick - Cranbury - Cranbury Station | | - | New Brunswick and Middleburgh Turnpike | | Unbuilt | | - | New Egypt and Manchester Turnpike | | | | - | New Germantown Turnpike | | North Branch - Lamington - Oldwick - Long Valley | County Route 665 , County Route 517 | - | New Jersey Turnpike | | New Brunswick - Bound Brook - Somerville - Lebanon - Clinton - Bloomsbury - Phillipsburg - Pennsylvania | County Route 527 , Route 28 , U.S. Route 22 , Route 122 | - | New Milford Turnpike | | Unbuilt | | - | New Providence Turnpike | | Unbuilt | | - | Newton Turnpike | | Unbuilt | | - | North Hudson Turnpike | | | | - | Ocean Beach and Squan River Turnpike | | | | - | Ocean City and Beesley 's Point Turnpike | | | | - | Parsippany and Rockaway Turnpike | | Pine Brook - Parsippany - Denville - Rockaway - Wharton | U.S. Route 46 , Main Street , Mount Pleasant Avenue | - | Passaic Turnpike | | Unbuilt | | - | Passaic and Hackensack Ferry and Road | | | | - | Paterson and Hamburg Turnpike | | Passaic - Paterson - Riverdale - Bloomingdale - Hamburg - Sussex - Montague - Pennsylvania | Main Avenue , Main Street , Broadway , Hamburg Turnpike , Route 23 , Libertyville Road , Deckertown Turnpike | - | Paterson and New Antrim Turnpike | | Unbuilt | | - | Paterson and New Prospect Turnpike | | Unbuilt | | - | Paterson and New York Plank Road | | Paterson - Passaic - Wallington - East Rutherford - Secaucus - Hoboken | Main Street , Main Avenue , Paterson Avenue , Route 120 , Paterson Plank Road | - | Peapack Plank Road | | | | - | Perrineville and Monroe Turnpike | | | | - | Perrineville and Sweetman 's Lane Turnpike | | | County Route 1 | - | Perth Amboy Turnpike | | Perth Amboy - Metuchen - Piscataway | New Brunswick Avenue , County Route 501 | - | Pittstown and Barnsboro Turnpike | | | | - | Pittstown and Bridgeton Turnpike | | | | - | Pleasantville and Atlantic Turnpike or Plank Road | | Pleasantville - Atlantic City | Old Turnpike , Turnpike Road | - | Pochuck Turnpike | | Hamburg - Glenwood - New York | Route 94 , County Route 517 | - | Pompton and Paterson Turnpike | | | | - | Port Elizabeth Turnpike | | | | - | Port Elizabeth and Millville Turnpike | | Port Elizabeth - Millville | Route 47 | - | Port Monmouth and Middletown Plank Road | | Port Monmouth - New Monmouth - Middletown | | - | Princeton and Kingston Branch Turnpike | | Trenton - Princeton - Kingston | County Route 583 , Route 27 | - | Princeton and West Windsor Plank or McAdamized Road | | | | - | Ramapo and Weehawken Plank Road | | | | - | Raritan and Delaware Plank Road | | | | - | Red Bank and Eatontown Turnpike | | | Broad Street , County Route 11 , Route 35 | - | Red Bank and Holmdel Turnpike | | | | - | Red Bank and Tinton Falls Turnpike | | | | - | Red Bank and Woodbury Turnpike or McAdamized Road | | | | - | Ringwood and Long Pond Turnpike | | Ringwood - Greenwood Lake - New York | County Route 511 , Warwick Turnpike | - | Robertsville and Patton 's Corner Turnpike | | | County Route 3 | - | Salem and Woodstown Turnpike | | | | - | Schooley 's Mountain Turnpike | | | | - | Sea Isle City Turnpike | | | | - | Shiloh Turnpike | | | | - | Shrewsbury Plank Road | | | | - | Shrewsbury Turnpike | | Red Bank - Shrewsbury - Eatontown | Route 35 | - | Smithville and Blue Ball Turnpike | | | County Route 524 | - | Smithville and Clarksburgh Turnpike | | | County Route 524 | - | South River and Freehold Plank Road | | | | - | Spotswood and Matchaponix Turnpike | | | | - | Spotswood and Old Bridge Turnpike | | | | - | Springfield and Newark Turnpike | | Springfield - Irvington - Newark | Route 124 , Springfield Avenue | - | Spruce Run Turnpike | | Clinton - Hampton - Washington - Oxford | Route 31 | - | Squankum and Point Pleasant | | | | - | Stockton and Newton Turnpike | | | | - | Sweetman 's Lane Turnpike | | | | - | Texas Mills and Spotswood Turnpike | | | | - | Tinton Falls Turnpike | | Colts Neck - Tinton Falls - Eatontown | County Route 537 | - | Toms River and Forked River Turnpike | | - | Trenton and Allentown Turnpike | | Trenton - Mercerville - Hamilton Square - Robbinsville - Allentown | NJ 33 , CR 526 | - | Trenton and Ewing Turnpike | | | | - | Trenton and New Brunswick Turnpike | | Trenton - New Brunswick | U.S. Route 1 , Route 26 | - | Union Turnpike | | Morristown - Morris Plains - Dover - Sparta - Branchville - Culver 's Gap - Montague - Pennsylvania | U.S. Route 202 , Mountain Way , Route 10 , Salem Street , Route 15 , Route 181 , Route 15 , U.S. Route 206 | - | Union Turnpike | North Bergen , NJ - connecting - Bergen Turnpike - Paterson Plank Road | | Union Turnpike | - | Upper Freehold and Millstone Turnpike | | | | - | Upper Pittsgrove and Pittsgrove Turnpike | | | | - | Vernon Turnpike | | Unbuilt | | - | Vernon and Newton Turnpike | | Unbuilt | | - | Vincentown and Mount Holly Turnpike | | | | - | Vincentown and Tabernacle Turnpike | | Vincentown - Tabernacle | | - | Washington Turnpike | | Morristown - Mendham - Chester - Schooley 's Mountain - Washington - Phillipsburg - Pennsylvania ; Schooley 's Mountain - Hackettstown | County Route 510 , County Route 513 , County Route 517 , Pleasant Grove Road , Penwell Road , Route 57 ; County Route 517 | - | Washington and Cranbury Turnpike | | | | - | Water Gap Turnpike | | Unbuilt | | - | Weehawken Turnpike | | | | - | Westfield and Camden Turnpike | | Camden - Burlington | Westfield Avenue , U.S. Route 130 | - | West Hoboken Roadway | | | | - | Westville and Glassborough Turnpike | | | | - | White Horse Turnpike | | Camden - Stratford | U.S. Route 30 | - | Williamstown and Camden Road | | | | - | Williamstown and Good Intent Turnpike | | | | - | Winslow Turnpike | | | | - | Woodbridge Turnpike | | New Brunswick - Woodbridge - Rahway ; Woodbridge - Carteret - New York -LRB- Richmond Turnpike via ferry -RRB- | County Route 514 ; Port Reading Avenue | - | Woodbridge and Blazing Star Turnpike | | | | - | Woodbury and Camden Turnpike | | | | - | Woodbury and Cross Keys Turnpike | | Woodbury - Cross Keys | Egg Harbor Road | - | Woodmancy and Barnegat Turnpike | | | | - | Woodstown and Pennsgrove Turnpike | | | | - | Zinc Mines Plank Road | | | | -RCB- ", "The following are US Routes in New Jersey . __ TOC __ ", "The Newburgh and Cochecton Turnpike was a turnpike road in southern New York in the United States . It ran from Newburgh on the Hudson River west to Cochecton on the Delaware River , where travelers could continue west through Pennsylvania on the Cochecton and Great Bend Turnpike toward Binghamton . The road operated as a toll road from 1810 to 1872 . It is now mostly maintained by the state , carrying New York State Route 17K -LRB- NY 17K -RRB- from Newburgh to Bloomingburg and NY 17B from Monticello to Fosterdale . Between Bloomingburg and Monticello , the turnpike has been bypassed by the Quickway -LRB- NY 17 -RRB- , and is now maintained by Sullivan County ; similarly , the route west of Fosterdale to Cochecton is County Route 114 -LRB- CR 114 -RRB- . Across the Delaware River , Pennsylvania Route 371 -LRB- PA 371 -RRB- leads west from the Cochecton -- Damascus Bridge . ", "The Freedom Tunnel is the name given to the Amtrak tunnel under Riverside Park in Manhattan , New York City . It got its name because the graffiti artist Chris `` Freedom '' Pape used the tunnel walls to create some of his most notable artwork . The name may also be a reference to the former shantytowns built within the tunnel by homeless populations seeking shelter and freedom to live rent-free and unsupervised by law enforcement . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Scandinavia", "History_of_Scandinavia", "Sweden", "Greenland", "Danish_language" ]

[ "Scandinavia -LSB- ˌskændɪˈneɪviə -RSB- is a historical and cultural region in Northern Europe characterized by a common ethnocultural North Germanic heritage and mutually intelligible North Germanic languages . The term Scandinavia always includes the three kingdoms of Denmark , Norway , and Sweden . The remote Norwegian islands of Svalbard and Jan Mayen are usually not seen as a part of Scandinavia , nor is Greenland , an overseas territory of Denmark . However , the Faroe Islands , also a Danish overseas territory , are sometimes included , as sometimes are Iceland , Finland , and the Finnish autonomous region of the Åland Islands , because of their historical association with the Scandinavian countries and the Scandinavian peoples and languages . This looser definition almost equates to that of the Nordic countries . In Nordic languages , only Denmark , Norway and Sweden are commonly included in the definition of Scandinavia . In English usage , Scandinavia sometimes refers to the geographical area , also known as the Scandinavian Peninsula . The name Scandinavia originally referred vaguely to the formerly Danish , now Swedish , region Scania . The terms Scandinavia and Scandinavian entered usage in the late 18th century as terms for Denmark , Norway and Sweden , their Germanic majority peoples and associated language and culture , the term being introduced by the early linguistic and cultural Scandinavist movement . The majority of the population of Scandinavia are descended from several -LRB- North -RRB- Germanic tribes who originally inhabited the southern part of Scandinavia and spoke a Germanic language that evolved into Old Norse . Icelanders and the Faroese are to a significant extent descended from the Norse , and are therefore often seen as Scandinavian . Finland is mainly populated by Finns , with a minority of approximately 5 % of Swedish speakers . A small minority of Sami people live in the extreme north of Scandinavia . The Danish , Norwegian and Swedish languages form a dialect continuum and are known as the Scandinavian languages -- all of which are considered mutually intelligible with one another . Faroese and Icelandic , sometimes referred to as insular Scandinavian languages , are intelligible in continental Scandinavian languages only to a limited extent . Finnish and Meänkieli are closely related to each other and more distantly to the Sami languages , but are entirely unrelated to the Scandinavian languages . Apart from these , German , Yiddish and Romani are recognized minority languages in Scandinavia . The southern and by far most populous regions of Scandinavia have a temperate climate . Scandinavia extends north of the Arctic Circle , but has relatively mild weather for its latitude due to the Gulf Stream . Much of the Scandinavian mountains have an alpine tundra climate . There are many lakes and moraines , legacies of the last glacial period , which ended about ten millennia ago . ", "The history of Scandinavia is the history of the region of northern Europe comprising Denmark , Norway , and Sweden . Finland and Iceland are at times considered part of Scandinavia . ", "Sweden -LRB- Konungariket Sverige -RRB- , is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe . It borders Norway to the west and Finland to the east , and is connected to Denmark in the southwest by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund . At 450295 km2 , Sweden is the third-largest country in the European Union by area , with a total population of 10.0 million . Sweden consequently has a low population density of 22 PD/km2 , with the highest concentration in the southern half of the country . Approximately 85 % of the population lives in urban areas . Germanic peoples have inhabited Sweden since prehistoric times , emerging into history as the Geats/G ötar and Swedes/Svear and constituting the sea peoples known as the Norsemen . Southern Sweden is predominantly agricultural , while the north is heavily forested . Sweden is part of the geographical area of Fennoscandia . The climate is in general very mild for its northerly latitude due to significant maritime influence , that in spite of this still retains warm continental summers . Today , Sweden is a constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy , with a monarch as head of state . The capital city is Stockholm , which is also the most populous city in the country . Legislative power is vested in the 349-member unicameral Riksdag . Executive power is exercised by the government chaired by the prime minister . Sweden is a unitary state , currently divided into 21 counties and 290 municipalities . Sweden emerged as an independent and unified country during the Middle Ages . In the 17th century , it expanded its territories to form the Swedish Empire , which became one of the great powers of Europe until the early 18th century . Swedish territories outside the Scandinavian Peninsula were gradually lost during the 18th and 19th centuries , ending with the annexation of present-day Finland by Russia in 1809 . The last war in which Sweden was directly involved was in 1814 , when Norway was militarily forced into personal union . Since then , Sweden has been at peace , maintaining an official policy of neutrality in foreign affairs . The union with Norway was peacefully dissolved in 1905 , leading to Sweden 's current borders . Though Sweden was formally neutral through both world wars , Sweden engaged in humanitarian efforts , such as taking in refugees from German-occupied Europe . After the end of the Cold War , Sweden joined the European Union on 1 January 1995 , but declined NATO membership , as well as Eurozone membership following a referendum . It is also a member of the United Nations , the Nordic Council , Council of Europe , the World Trade Organization and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development -LRB- OECD -RRB- . Sweden maintains a Nordic social welfare system that provides universal health care and tertiary education for its citizens . It has the world 's eighth-highest per capita income and ranks highly in numerous metrics of national performance , including quality of life , health , education , protection of civil liberties , economic competitiveness , equality , prosperity and human development . ", "Greenland -LRB- -LSB- ˈɡriːnlənd -RSB- Kalaallit Nunaat -LSB- kaˈlaːɬit ˈnunaːt -RSB- Grønland -LSB- ˈɡ̊ʁɶnˌlanˀ -RSB- -RRB- is an autonomous constituent country within the Kingdom of Denmark between the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans , east of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago . Though physiographically a part of the continent of North America , Greenland has been politically and culturally associated with Europe -LRB- specifically Norway and Denmark , the colonial powers , as well as the nearby island of Iceland -RRB- for more than a millennium . The majority of its residents are Inuit , whose ancestors began migrating from the Canadian mainland in the 13th century , gradually settling across the island . Greenland is the world 's largest island -LRB- Australia , although larger , is generally considered to be a continental landmass rather than an island -RRB- . Three-quarters of Greenland is covered by the only permanent ice sheet outside Antarctica . With a population of about 56,480 -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , it is the least densely populated country in the world . The Arctic Umiaq Line ferry acts as a lifeline for western Greenland , connecting the various cities and settlements . Greenland has been inhabited off and on for at least the last 4,500 years by Arctic peoples whose forebears migrated there from what is now Canada . Norsemen settled the uninhabited southern part of Greenland beginning in the 10th century , and Inuit peoples arrived in the 13th century . The Norse colonies disappeared in the late 15th century . Soon after their demise , beginning in 1499 , the Portuguese briefly explored and claimed the island , naming it Terra do Lavrador -LRB- later applied to Labrador in Canada -RRB- . In the early 18th century , Scandinavian explorers reached Greenland again . To strengthen trading and power , Denmark-Norway affirmed sovereignty over the island . Denmark -- Norway claimed Greenland for centuries . Greenland was settled by Vikings -LRB- of Norwegian origin -RRB- more than a thousand years ago , who had previously settled Iceland to escape persecution from the King of Norway and his central government . Vikings set sail from Greenland and Iceland , encountering North America nearly 500 years before Columbus reached the Caribbean islands . They attempted to colonize land . Though under continuous influence of Norway and Norwegians , Greenland was not formally under the Norwegian crown until 1262 . The Kingdom of Norway was extensive and a military power until the mid-14th century . Norway was dramatically hit with a larger death toll than Denmark by the Black Death , forcing Norway to accept a union in which the central government , university and other fundamental institutions were located in Copenhagen . Thus , the two kingdoms ' resources were directed at creating Copenhagen . Norway became the weaker part and lost sovereignty over Greenland in 1814 when the union was dissolved . Greenland became a Danish colony in 1814 , and was made a part of the Danish Realm in 1953 under the Constitution of Denmark . In 1973 , Greenland joined the European Economic Community with Denmark . However , in a referendum in 1982 , a majority of the population voted for Greenland to withdraw from the EEC which was effected in 1985 . Greenland contains the world 's largest and most northernly national park , Northeast Greenland National Park -LRB- Kalaallit Nunaanni nuna eqqissisimatitaq -RRB- . Established in 1974 and expanded to its present size in 1988 , it protects 972001 km2 of the interior and northeastern coast of Greenland and is bigger than all but twenty-nine countries in the world . Greenland is divided into four municipalities - Sermersooq , Kujalleq , Qaasuitsup , and Qeqqata . In 1979 , Denmark had granted home rule to Greenland , and in 2008 , Greenlanders voted in favour of the Self-Government Act , which transferred more power from the Danish royal government to the local Greenlandic government . Under the new structure , in effect since 21 June 2009 , Greenland can gradually assume responsibility for policing , judicial system , company law , accounting , and auditing ; mineral resource activities ; aviation ; law of legal capacity , family law and succession law ; aliens and border controls ; the working environment ; and financial regulation and supervision , while the Danish government retains control of foreign affairs and defence . It also retains control of monetary policy , providing an initial annual subsidy of DKK 3.4 billion , which is planned to diminish gradually over time . Greenland expects to grow its economy based on increased income from the extraction of natural resources . The capital , Nuuk , held the 2016 Arctic Winter Games . At 70 % , Greenland has one of the highest shares of renewable energy in the world , mostly coming from hydropower . ", "Danish -LSB- ˈdeɪnᵻʃ -RSB- -LRB- dansk -LSB- ˈd̥anˀsɡ̊ -RSB- ; dansk sprog , -LSB- ˈd̥anˀsɡ̊ ˈsb̥ʁɔʊ̯ˀ -RSB- -RRB- is a North Germanic language spoken by around six million people , principally in Denmark and in the region of Southern Schleswig in northern Germany , where it has minority language status . There are also minor Danish-speaking communities in Norway , Sweden , Spain , the United States , Canada , Brazil and Argentina . Due to immigration and language shift in urban areas , around 15 -- 20 % of the population of Greenland speak Danish as their home language . Along with the other North Germanic languages , Danish is a descendant of Old Norse , the common language of the Germanic peoples that lived in Scandinavia during the Viking Era . Danish , together with Swedish , derives from the East Norse dialect group , while the Middle Norwegian language before the influence of Danish and Norwegian Bokmål are classified as West Norse along with Faroese and Icelandic . A more recent classification based on mutual intelligibility separates modern spoken Danish , Norwegian and Swedish as Mainland Scandinavian while Icelandic and Faroese are classified as Insular Scandinavian . Until the 16th century , Danish was a continuum of dialects spoken from Schleswig to Scania with no standard variety or spelling conventions . With the Protestant Reformation and the introduction of printing , a standard language was developed which was based on the educated Copenhagen dialect . It spread through use in the education system and administration though German and Latin continued to be the most important written languages well into the 17th century . Following the loss of territory to Germany and Sweden , a nationalist movement adopted the language as a token of Danish identity , and the language experienced a strong surge in use and popularity with major works of literature produced in the 18th and 19th centuries . Today , traditional Danish dialects have all but disappeared , though there are regional variants of the standard language . The main differences in language are between generations , with youth language being particularly innovative . Danish has a very large vowel inventory comprising 27 phonemically distinctive vowels , and its prosody is characterized by the distinctive phenomenon stød , a kind of laryngeal phonation type . Due to the many pronunciation differences that set apart Danish from its neighboring languages , particularly the vowels , difficult prosody and `` weakly '' pronounced consonants , it is sometimes considered to be a difficult language to learn and understand , and there is some evidence that small children are slower to acquire the phonological distinctions of Danish . The grammar is moderately inflective with strong -LRB- irregular -RRB- and weak -LRB- regular -RRB- conjugations and inflections . Nouns and demonstrative pronouns distinguish common and neutral gender . As in English , Danish only has remnants of a former case system , particularly in the pronouns , and it has lost all person marking on verbs . Its syntax is V2 , with the finite verb always occupying the second slot in the sentence . " ]

[ 1, 0, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "American_Idol_-LRB-season_8-RRB-", "Simon_Cowell", "American_Idol", "America's_Got_Talent_-LRB-season_11-RRB-", "The_X_Factor_-LRB-UK_TV_series-RRB-" ]

[ "The eighth season of American Idol premiered on January 13 , 2009 , and concluded on May 20 , 2009 . Judges Simon Cowell , Paula Abdul , and Randy Jackson continued to judge the show 's contestants , along with Ryan Seacrest as host . The season introduced Kara DioGuardi as the fourth judge on the Idol panel . It was also Abdul 's final season as a judge . Kris Allen , a native of Conway , Arkansas , was announced the winner of the competition on May 20 , 2009 , defeating runner-up Adam Lambert after nearly 100 million votes . Kris Allen is the only married winner of the competition at the time of his victory . This was the second season where both of the final two contestants had been in the bottom three or two at least once before the finale , with the first being season three . The eighth season saw numerous changes to the format of the show . There were 36 semi-finalists instead of 24 , and thirteen finalists instead of twelve , nine contestants chosen by the public and four by the judges in a wild card round . Another addition was the `` save , '' which was used on the top seven results show to veto Matt Giraud 's elimination . Seven contestants from this season were signed to record deals . The signed artists are Kris Allen , who was then signed to 19 Entertainment/Jive Records . In addition to Allen , Adam Lambert , Danny Gokey , Allison Iraheta , Lil Rounds , Anoop Desai and Michael Sarver . ", "Simon Phillip Cowell -LRB- -LSB- ˈkaʊəl -RSB- -RRB- -LRB- born 7 October 1959 -RRB- is an English reality television judge and producer , entrepreneur , and philanthropist . He is most recognised as a judge on the British TV talent competition series Pop Idol , The X Factor , and Britain 's Got Talent , and the American TV talent competition shows American Idol , The X Factor , and America 's Got Talent . Cowell is the principal founder and chief executive of the British entertainment company Syco . As a judge , Cowell often makes blunt and controversial comments , including insults and wisecracks about contestants and their singing abilities . He combines activities in both the television and music industries . Cowell has produced and promoted singles and albums for various singers that he has taken under his wing . He is currently appearing on the eleventh Series of Britain 's Got Talent and , recently , the thirteenth series of UK 's The X Factor along with the eleventh series of America 's Got Talent . In 2004 and 2010 , Time named Cowell one of the 100 most influential people in the world . In 2008 The Daily Telegraph ranked him sixth in their list of the `` 100 most powerful people in British culture '' . ", "American Idol is an American singing competition television series created by Simon Fuller , produced by FremantleMedia North America and 19 Entertainment , and distributed by FremantleMedia North America . It began airing on Fox on June 11 , 2002 , and ended its first-run on April 7 , 2016 . In 2018 , the show will make its debut on ABC . It started off as an addition to the Idols format based on the British series Pop Idol , and became one of the most successful shows in the history of American television . The concept of the series involves discovering recording stars from unsigned singing talents , with the winner determined by the viewers in America through telephones , Internet , and SMS text voting . Winners chosen by viewers in its fifteen seasons were Kelly Clarkson , Ruben Studdard , Fantasia , Carrie Underwood , Taylor Hicks , Jordin Sparks , David Cook , Kris Allen , Lee DeWyze , Scotty McCreery , Phillip Phillips , Candice Glover , Caleb Johnson , Nick Fradiani , and Trent Harmon.American Idol employed a panel of judges who critiqued the contestants ' performances . The original judges were record producer and music manager Randy Jackson , pop singer and choreographer Paula Abdul and music executive and manager Simon Cowell . The judging panel for the final seasons consisted of country singer Keith Urban , singer and actress Jennifer Lopez , and jazz singer Harry Connick , Jr. . The first season was hosted by radio personality Ryan Seacrest and comedian Brian Dunkleman , with Seacrest as the sole master of ceremonies for the rest of the series . The success of American Idol has been described as `` unparalleled in broadcasting history '' . The series was also said by a rival TV executive to be `` the most impactful show in the history of television '' . It became a recognized springboard for launching the career of many artists as bona fide stars . According to Billboard magazine , in its first ten years , `` Idol has spawned 345 Billboard chart-toppers and a platoon of pop idols , including Kelly Clarkson , Carrie Underwood , Katharine McPhee , Chris Daughtry , Fantasia , Ruben Studdard , Jennifer Hudson , Clay Aiken , Adam Lambert and Jordin Sparks while remaining a TV ratings juggernaut . '' For an unprecedented eight consecutive years , from the 2003 -- 04 television season through the 2010 -- 11 season , either its performance or result show had been ranked number one in U.S. television ratings . The series concluded its original run on Fox after 15 seasons . American Idol will return for a sixteenth season -- its first on ABC -- in 2018 . The announcement was made official on Good Morning America '' on May 9 , 2017 . ", "Season eleven of the reality competition series America 's Got Talent was ordered on September 1 , 2015 . The season premiered on NBC on Tuesday , May 31 , 2016 . Nick Cannon returned for his eighth and final season as host . Howie Mandel returned for his seventh season as a judge , while Mel B and Heidi Klum returned for their fourth season . Simon Cowell replaced Howard Stern as the fourth judge . The live shows began on July 26 , at the Dolby Theatre in Los Angeles instead of Radio City Music Hall in New York from previous years . Due to the 2016 Summer Olympics broadcast schedule on NBC , the show took a hiatus from August 9 -- 17 . Dunkin' Donuts sponsored the show for a second season , and this season again featured the golden buzzer for each judge and Cannon . Four guest judges joined the panel for the judge 's cuts : George Lopez , Reba McEntire , Ne-Yo , and Louis Tomlinson . Each judge was given a golden buzzer . Grace VanderWaal was announced as the winner on September 14 , 2016 , making her the second female act and the second child act to win the show since season 1 . Mentalist duo , The Clairvoyants , placed second , marking the first time that females placed in the top two positions . Magician Jon Dorenbos , the NFL Long Snapper for the Philadelphia Eagles , placed third . Comedian Tape Face was named the most memorable act of this season . ", "The X Factor is a British reality television music competition to find new singing talent . The contestants are aspiring singers drawn from public auditions . Created by Simon Cowell , the show began in 2004 and has since aired annually from August/September until December . The show is produced by FremantleMedia 's Thames -LRB- previously Talkback Thames -RRB- and Cowell 's production company Syco TV . It is broadcast on the ITV network in the UK and simulcast on TV3 in Ireland . `` X Factor '' refers to the undefinable `` something '' that makes for star quality . The series consists of auditions , bootcamp , judges ' houses , several weeks of live shows , semi-finals and the final . The series had a spin-off behind-the-scenes show called The Xtra Factor , which aired directly after the main show on ITV2 . This lasted from series 1 until series 13 when it was cancelled by ITV in January 2017 . The original judging panel consisted of Louis Walsh , Sharon Osbourne and Cowell . In 2005 Paula Abdul joined the show as a guest judge whilst Osbourne was away then joined the panel in 2006 for three sets of auditions . Brian Friedman replaced Walsh in series 4 , which also saw Dannii Minogue join the panel . Friedman left during the auditions and Walsh replaced Friedman . Cheryl Cole replaced Osbourne in series 5 . Gary Barlow , Kelly Rowland and Tulisa joined the panel in series 8 as replacements for Cowell , Minogue , and Cole . Rowland left before series 9 and was replaced by Nicole Scherzinger . Osbourne returned to the panel in series 10 , replacing Tulisa . Cowell and Cole -LRB- now Fernandez-Versini -RRB- returned to replace Barlow and Osbourne in series 11 , while Mel B replaced Scherzinger . In series 12 , Mel B and Walsh were replaced by Rita Ora and Nick Grimshaw . In series 13 , Walsh , Osbourne and Scherzinger returned , replacing Grimshaw , Fernandez-Versini and Ora . The first three series were presented by Kate Thornton , then from the fourth to 11th series , the show was presented by Dermot O'Leary , he then returned from the 13th series . In series 12 , the show was presented by Caroline Flack and Olly Murs . Also , in series 10 , Flack served as a backstage presenter during the Saturday night live shows . Roman Kemp will begin serving as the digital presenter of the show in series 13 . The show is split into different stages , following the contestants from auditions through to the final . In the original televised audition stage of the show , contestants sang in an audition room in front of just the judges , but from the sixth series onwards , auditionees sing on a stage in front of the judges and a live audience . In series 10 and 11 , both auditions formats were used . In series 12 , the room auditions were scrapped , leaving just the arena auditions . The room auditions were revived in series 13 , and no arena auditions followed . Successful auditionees go through to `` bootcamp '' and then to `` judges ' houses '' , where judges narrow down the acts in their category down to three or four acts to mentor for the live shows , where the public vote for their favourite acts following weekly live performances by the contestants . There have been 13 winners of the show to date : Steve Brookstein , Shayne Ward , Leona Lewis , Leon Jackson , Alexandra Burke , Joe McElderry , Matt Cardle , Little Mix , James Arthur , Sam Bailey , Ben Haenow , Louisa Johnson and Matt Terry . Winners receive a recording contract with record label Syco Music with a stated value of # 1 million . This includes a cash payment to the winner , but the majority is allocated to marketing and recording costs . From 2004 to 2010 , and again in 2013 and 2014 , the winning contestant 's single was released in time for the end-of-year chart battle for the UK 's Christmas number one , with all of them -LRB- bar McElderry in 2009 and Terry in 2016 -RRB- reaching the top spot . As of November 2016 , 41 number-one singles have been achieved by artists who have appeared on the show , such as Lewis , Burke , JLS , Olly Murs , Cher Lloyd , One Direction and Little Mix . The show is the originator of the international The X Factor franchise . A prominent show in British popular culture , The X Factor has proved hugely popular with the public . The sixth series attracted 200,000 auditionees and peaked at 19.7 million UK viewers -LRB- a 63.2 % audience share -RRB- . More than 10 million votes were cast in the sixth series final . " ]

[ 0, 2, 1, 1, 2 ]

[ "Mandy_Moore", "So_Real_-LRB-album-RRB-", "Candy_-LRB-Mandy_Moore_song-RRB-", "Mandy_McCartin", "Mandy_Gonzalez" ]

[ "Amanda Leigh Moore -LRB- born April 10 , 1984 -RRB- is an American singer-songwriter and actress . Moore first came to prominence with her 1999 debut single , `` Candy '' , which peaked at number 41 on the Billboard Hot 100 . After signing with Epic Records , she released her debut album , So Real , in 1999 . It went on to receive a Platinum certification from the RIAA . Her 2000 single , `` I Wan na Be with You '' , became her first Top 30 song in the US , peaking at number 24 on the Hot 100 chart . As of 2009 , Moore has sold more than 10 million albums worldwide , according to Billboard . In 2012 , Moore was ranked # 96 on VH1 's list of `` 100 Greatest Women in Music '' , as well as # 63 on their Sexiest Artists of All Time List . Outside of her musical career , Moore has also branched out into acting . In 2001 , she made her film debut in the comedy Dr. Dolittle 2 , though it was only a minor voice role . Later that year , she co-starred as Lana Thomas in the comedy The Princess Diaries with Anne Hathaway . In 2002 , she made her starring debut with Shane West as Jamie Sullivan in the romantic drama A Walk to Remember , which was based on Nicholas Sparks ' novel of the same name . Moore later voiced Rapunzel in the 2010 animated feature Tangled , and reprised the role in a 2017 television series based on the film . In 2016 , she began starring as Rebecca Pearson in the NBC family comedy-drama series This Is Us for which she received a Golden Globe Award nomination . ", "So Real is the debut studio album by American pop singer Mandy Moore . The album was released on December 7 , 1999 , in the United States by Epic Records . The album 's lyrical and visual representations maintained the common theme of virginal innocence in the late 1990s teen pop revival . The album was released mainly due to the success of teen artists Britney Spears and Christina Aguilera , who released their debut albums that same year to commercial success . So Real became a moderate hit in the United States , reaching a peak of 31 on the Billboard 200 albums chart , as well as being certified Platinum by the RIAA , for shipments of over 1 million . The album spawned a Top 40 hit with `` Candy '' and went gold within three months in the RIAA , although such success was considered trivial compared to the overwhelming popularity of teen pop 's biggest stars at the time . ", "`` Candy '' is a song by American singer Mandy Moore . It served as Moore 's debut single and opening track from her 1999 debut studio album , So Real . Written and composed by Denise Rich , Dave Katz , Denny Kleiman and produced by Jive Jones , Tony Battaglia , Shaun Fisher , `` Candy '' was released on August 17 , 1999 , by Epic Records . The song stands as a classic example of a teen pop song from the late 1990s/early 2000s . Record labels began riding the wave of teen-oriented pop music , which would result in a huge phenomenon sweeping the globe , including young female singers such as Moore , Britney Spears , Jessica Simpson , and Christina Aguilera . The music video , which was directed by Chris Robinson , had a cameo by the girl group PYT . The song was part of Now That 's What I Call Music ! 4 in July 2000 and MTV 's Fantastic Females Vol . 2 in the early 2000s , though strictly on the Asian Release . Tiffany Giardina recorded a cover of this song in 2008 for her album No Average Angel , which was released in 2009 . Her version has faster tempo and was performed in upbeat pop rock and bubblegum pop style . ", "Mandy McCartin -LRB- born 10 April 1958 -RRB- is an artist based in London , a `` proud butch lesbian '' and DJ `` classic soul fanatic '' . ", "Mandy Gonzalez born August 22 , 1978 is an American actress and singer , best known for playing the roles of Elphaba and Nina Rosario in the Broadway musicals , Wicked and In the Heights , respectively . She assumed the role of Angelica Schuyler Church in the Broadway production of Hamilton on September 6 , 2016 . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Superhuman", "Onslaught_-LRB-comics-RRB-", "NanoIntegris", "Alan_H._Goldstein", "K._Eric_Drexler" ]

[ "Superhuman qualities are qualities that exceed those found in humans . Superhuman abilities are found in some fictional characters , especially as superheroes in American comic books . Fictional characters have been portrayed as having psychic abilities , flying abilities , impossible strength , or exceptional proficiency beyond human capability . Superhuman can also mean something that is not human , but considered to be `` superior '' to humans in some way , e.g. a tiger may be described as having `` superhuman strength '' . Superhuman abilities may result from human enhancement by genetic modification , cybernetic implants , nanotechnology , radiation or from human evolution in the future . ", "Onslaught is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . Onslaught was written as a sentient psionic entity created from the consciousness of two mutants : Professor Charles Xavier and Magneto . During a battle between the X-Men and Magneto 's Acolytes , Professor Xavier used his telepathic powers to shut down Magneto 's mind , rendering him catatonic . It was explained through the Onslaught crossover series that the darkest aspect of Magneto 's mind escaped into Xavier 's subconscious , where it `` merged '' with Xavier 's own darker nature to eventually grow into a separate persona of its own . ", "NanoIntegris is a nanotechnology company based in Boisbriand , Quebec specializing in the production of enriched , single-walled carbon nanotubes . In 2012 , NanoIntegris was acquired by Raymor Industries , a large-scale producer of single-wall carbon nanotubes using the plasma torch process . The proprietary technology through which NanoIntegris creates their products spun out of the Hersam Research Group at Northwestern University . ", "Alan H. Goldstein is a research scientist and futurist . He began his career in the 1970s as a molecular biologist before becoming a theoretician in the field of nanobiotechnology . He has codified the central concepts of this nascent area of knowledge into a set of operational rules termed the ` Laws of Biomimetics ' . As part of this work , Goldstein has published a set of guidelines specifically designed to identify the artificial life forms likely to emerge from research at the intersection of nanotechnology and biotechnology . He has also created the ` Animat Test ' as a practical bioengineering tool for monitoring the coming transformation from natural to artificial biology : Let us define a life form as an entity that reduces entropy by self-executing the minimum set of physical and chemical operations necessary to sustain the ability to execute functionally equivalent negentropic operations indefinitely across time . Given that , a life form will be considered an animat -LRB- living material -RRB- if all the information necessary to execute that minimum set of physical and chemical operations can not be stored in DNA or RNA . The corollary : If all the information necessary to execute that minimum set of physical and chemical operations can be stored in DNA or RNA , the life form is biological . His essay `` Nature vs. Nanoengineering : Rebuilding our world one atom at a time . '' won a 2003 Shell-Economist Prize http://www.shelleconomistprize.com and remains the primary reference in the nascent field of nanobioethics . He was probably the first person to use the term `` Breaking The Carbon Barrier '' to identify the future moment when humanity successfully engineers the first nonbiological life form . This concept was formally introduced and defined during a debate with Ron Bailey at the Foresight ` Vision Weekend ' component of the 13th Foresight Conference on Advanced Nanotechnology . ", "Kim Eric Drexler -LRB- born April 25 , 1955 -RRB- is an American engineer best known for popularizing the potential of molecular nanotechnology -LRB- MNT -RRB- , from the 1970s and 1980s . His 1991 doctoral thesis at Massachusetts Institute of Technology was revised and published as the book Nanosystems : Molecular Machinery Manufacturing and Computation -LRB- 1992 -RRB- , which received the Association of American Publishers award for Best Computer Science Book of 1992 . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "Charlotte,_North_Carolina", "Bank_of_America", "List_of_North_Carolina_railroads", "Fargo_-LRB-season_3-RRB-", "RSA_Battle_House_Tower" ]

[ "Charlotte -LSB- ˈʃɑrlət -RSB- is the largest city in the state of North Carolina . It is the county seat of Mecklenburg County and the second-largest city in the southeastern United States , just behind Jacksonville , Florida . Charlotte is the third-fastest growing major city in the United States . In 2014 the estimated population of Charlotte according to the U.S. Census Bureau was 809,958 , making it the 17th-largest city in the United States based on population . The Charlotte metropolitan area ranks 22nd-largest in the U.S. , and had a 2014 population of 2,380,314 . The Charlotte metropolitan area is part of a sixteen-county market region or combined statistical area with a 2014 U.S. Census population estimate of 2,537,990 . Residents of Charlotte are referred to as `` Charlotteans '' . It is listed as a `` gamma-plus '' global city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network . Charlotte is home to the corporate headquarters of Bank of America and the east coast operations of Wells Fargo , which along with other financial institutions made it the second-largest banking center in the United States from 1995 to 2017 and the third-largest from 2017 to present . Among Charlotte 's many notable attractions , some of the most popular include the Carolina Panthers of the National Football League -LRB- NFL -RRB- , the Charlotte Hornets of the National Basketball Association -LRB- NBA -RRB- , the Charlotte Independence of the United Soccer League -LRB- USL -RRB- , two NASCAR Sprint Cup races and the NASCAR All-Star Race , the Wells Fargo Championship , the NASCAR Hall of Fame , the Charlotte Ballet , Carowinds amusement park , and the U.S. National Whitewater Center . Charlotte Douglas International Airport is a major international hub , and was ranked the 23rd-busiest airport in the world by passenger traffic in 2013 . Charlotte has a humid subtropical climate . The city is located several miles east of the Catawba River and southeast of Lake Norman , the largest man-made lake in North Carolina . Lake Wylie and Mountain Island Lake are two smaller man-made lakes located near the city . ", "Bank of America Corporation -LRB- abbreviated as BofA -RRB- is a multinational banking and financial services corporation headquartered in Charlotte , North Carolina . It is ranked 2nd on the list of largest banks in the United States by assets . As of 2016 , Bank of America was the 26th largest company in the United States by total revenue . In 2016 , it was ranked # 11 on the Forbes Magazine Global 2000 list of largest companies in the world . Its acquisition of Merrill Lynch in 2008 made it the world 's largest wealth management corporation and a major player in the investment banking market . As of December 31 , 2016 , it had US$ 886.148 billion in assets under management -LRB- AUM -RRB- . As of December 31 , 2016 , the company held 10.73 % of all bank deposits in the United States . It is one of the Big Four banks in the United States , along with Citigroup , JPMorgan Chase and Wells Fargo -- its main competitors . Bank of America operates -- but does not necessarily maintain retail branches -- in all 50 states of the United States , the District of Columbia and more than 40 other countries . It has a retail banking footprint that serves approximately 46 million consumer and small business relationships at 4,600 banking centers and 15,900 automated teller machines -LRB- ATMs -RRB- . Bank of America provides its products and services through 4,600 retail financial centers , approximately 15,900 automated teller machines , call centers , and online and mobile banking platforms . Its Consumer Real Estate Services segment offers consumer real estate products comprising fixed and adjustable-rate first-lien mortgage loans for home purchase and refinancing needs , home equity lines of credit , and home equity loans . Bank of America has been the subject of many lawsuits and investigations regarding both mortgages and financial disclosures dating back to the financial crisis , including a record settlement of $ 16.65 billion on August 21 , 2014 . ", "The following railroads operate in the U.S. state of North Carolina . ", "The third season of Fargo , an American anthology black comedy -- crime drama television series created by Noah Hawley , premiered on April 19 , 2017 , on the basic cable network FX . The season will consist of ten episodes . As an anthology , each Fargo season possesses its own self-contained narrative , following a disparate set of characters in various settings , albeit in a connected shared universe . The third season is set around December 2010 in three towns in Minnesota : St. Cloud , Eden Valley , and Eden Prairie . It follows the lives of a couple , Ray Stussy -LRB- Ewan McGregor -RRB- and Nikki Swango -LRB- Mary Elizabeth Winstead -RRB- , who , after unsuccessfully trying to rob Ray 's brother Emmit -LRB- also played by McGregor -RRB- , become involved in a double murder case , including an old man with a mysterious past whose stepdaughter Gloria Burgle -LRB- Carrie Coon -RRB- is a policewoman . Meanwhile , Emmit tries to cut his ties with a shady organization he borrowed money from two years prior , but the company , whose employees include V. M. Varga -LRB- David Thewlis -RRB- and Yuri Gurka -LRB- Goran Bogdan -RRB- , have other plans . Season 3 began filming in early 2017 in Calgary , Alberta . ", "The RSA Battle House Tower is located in Mobile , Alabama and is Alabama 's tallest building . The building is owned by the Retirement Systems of Alabama -LRB- RSA -RRB- . It is the tallest on the Gulf Coast of the United States outside of Houston . It replaces the Wells Fargo Tower in Birmingham as the tallest building in Alabama and the RSA -- BankTrust Building as the tallest in Mobile . The building is named for the neighboring Battle House Hotel , which is now part of the tower complex . The Battle House Hotel was restored and renovated as part of the tower project . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "ABC_islands_-LRB-Lesser_Antilles-RRB-", "Bonaire", "Aruba", "Antigua_and_Barbuda", "West_Indies" ]

[ "The ABC islands are the three western-most islands of the Leeward Antilles in the Caribbean Sea that lie north of Falcón State , Venezuela . From west to east they are , in order Aruba , Curaçao , and Bonaire . All three islands are part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands , although they remain outside the European Union . Aruba and Curaçao are autonomous , self-governing constituent countries of the Kingdom of the Netherlands , while Bonaire is a special municipality of the Netherlands proper . ", "Bonaire -LRB- pronounced -LSB- bɔːˈnɛər -RSB- or -LSB- bɒnˈɛər -RSB- Bonaire , -LSB- boˈnɛːr -RSB- ; Papiamentu : Boneiru -RRB- is an island in the Leeward Antilles in the Caribbean Sea . Together with Aruba and Curaçao , it forms the group known as the ABC islands , located less than a hundred miles off the north coast of South America near the western part of Venezuela . Unlike much of the Caribbean region , the ABCs lie outside the hurricane belt . The islands have an arid climate , which helps tourism , as visitors to the islands can reliably expect warm , sunny weather . Bonaire is a popular destination for SCUBA divers , and it is also well known for easy access to its various reefs from the shore . Bonaire 's capital is Kralendijk . The island has a permanent population of 18,905 -LRB- as of 1 January 2015 -RRB- and an area of 294 km2 -LRB- together with nearby uninhabited Klein Bonaire -RRB- . Bonaire was part of the Netherlands Antilles until the country 's dissolution in 2010 , when the island became a special municipality within the country of the Netherlands . It is one of the three BES islands in the Caribbean ; the other two BES islands are Sint Eustatius and Saba . ", "Aruba -LRB- -LSB- əˈruːbə -RSB- ; -LSB- aːˈrubaː -RSB- -RRB- is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in the southern Caribbean Sea , located about 1600 km west of the main part of the Lesser Antilles and 29 km north of the coast of Venezuela . It measures 32 km long from its northwestern to its southeastern end and 10 km across at its widest point . Together with Bonaire and Curaçao , Aruba forms a group referred to as the ABC islands . Collectively , Aruba and the other Dutch islands in the Caribbean are often called the Dutch Caribbean . Aruba is one of the four countries that form the Kingdom of the Netherlands , along with the Netherlands , Curaçao and Sint Maarten . The citizens of these countries all share a single nationality : Dutch . Aruba has no administrative subdivisions , but , for census purposes , is divided into eight regions . Its capital is Oranjestad . Unlike much of the Caribbean region , Aruba has a dry climate and an arid , cactus-strewn landscape . This climate has helped tourism as visitors to the island can reliably expect warm , sunny weather . It has a land area of 179 km2 and is densely populated , with a total of 102,484 inhabitants at the 2010 Census . It lies outside Hurricane Alley . ", "Antigua and Barbuda -LRB- -LSB- ænˈtiːɡə_ənd_bɑːrˈbjuːdə -RSB- ;-RRB- is a twin-island country in the Americas , lying between the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean . It consists of two major inhabited islands , Antigua and Barbuda , and a number of smaller islands -LRB- including Great Bird , Green , Guinea , Long , Maiden and York Islands and further south , the island of Redonda -RRB- . The permanent population numbers about 81,800 -LRB- at the 2011 Census -RRB- and the capital and largest port and city is St. John 's , on Antigua . Separated by a few nautical miles , Antigua and Barbuda are in the middle of the Leeward Islands , part of the Lesser Antilles , roughly at 17 ° N of the equator . The country 's name was given by Christopher Columbus in 1493 after discovering the island , in honor of the Virgin of La Antigua in the Seville Cathedral . The country is nicknamed `` Land of 365 Beaches '' due to the many beaches surrounding the islands . Its governance , language , and culture have all been strongly influenced by the British Empire , of which the country was formerly a part . ", "The West Indies or Caribbean Basin is a region of the North Atlantic Ocean in the Caribbean , that includes the island nations and surrounding waters of three major archipelagoes : the Greater Antilles , the Lesser Antilles and the Lucayan Archipelago . The region is known as the area running from Florida westward along the Gulf Coast , then south along the Mexican coast through Central America and then eastward across the northern coast of South America . Bermuda is also included within the region even though it is in the west-central Atlantic , due to its common cultural history created by European colonization of the region , and in most of the region by the presence of a significant group of African descent . Indigenous peoples were the first inhabitants of the West Indies . In 1492 , Christopher Columbus became the first European to arrive at the islands , where he is believed by historians to have first stepped foot in the Bahamas . After the first of the voyages of Christopher Columbus to the Americas , Europeans began to use the term West Indies to distinguish the region from the East Indies of South Asia and Southeast Asia . " ]

[ 0, 2, 2, 2, 0 ]

[ "Times_Higher_Education_World_University_Rankings", "THE–QS_World_University_Rankings,_2006", "International_rankings_of_Egypt", "Press_Freedom_Index", "Darts_world_rankings" ]

[ "Times Higher Education World University Rankings is an annual publication of university rankings by Times Higher Education -LRB- THE -RRB- magazine . The publisher had collaborated with Quacquarelli Symonds -LRB- QS -RRB- to publish the joint THE -- QS World University Rankings from 2004 to 2009 before it turned to Thomson Reuters for a new ranking system . The publication now comprises the world 's overall , subject , and reputation rankings , alongside three regional league tables , Asia , Latin America , and BRICS & Emerging Economies which are generated by consistent methodology . It is considered as one of the most widely observed university measures together with Academic Ranking of World Universities and QS World University Rankings . It is praised for having a new improved methodology but undermining non-English-instructing institutions and being commercialized are the major criticisms . ", "This is the 2006 THE -- QS World University Rankings list of the top 200 universities in the world . ", "The following are international rankings of Egypt . ", "The Press Freedom Index is an annual ranking of countries compiled and published by Reporters Without Borders based upon the organisation 's own assessment of the countries ' press freedom records in the previous year . It intends to reflect the degree of freedom that journalists , news organisations , and netizens have in each country , and the efforts made by authorities to respect this freedom . Reporters Without Borders is careful to note that the index only deals with press freedom and does not measure the quality of journalism nor does it look at human rights violations in general . ", "Darts World Rankings are a system designed to determine a list of the best darts players in the world based on their performances in tournaments . However , in 1993 , a group of former world champions and other high-profile players separated from the British Darts Organisation , meaning there are now two major governing bodies . Each organisation has its own players , and each has its own ranking system . The ranking systems are used to arrange tournament seedings , which are so arranged , that the number one player in the world will not face the number two player until the final of a tournament , providing they both reach that final . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Fort_Stanwix", "Siege_of_Fort_Stanwix", "Fort_Ellis", "Battle_of_Darsūniškis", "Battle_of_Washington" ]

[ "Fort Stanwix was a colonial fort whose construction commenced on August 26 , 1758 , under the direction of British General John Stanwix , at the location of present-day Rome , New York , but was not completed until about 1762 . The star fort was built to guard a portage known as the Oneida Carrying Place during the French and Indian War . Fort Stanwix National Monument , a reconstructed structure built by the National Park Service , now occupies the site . ", "The Siege of Fort Stanwix -LRB- also known at the time as Fort Schuyler -RRB- began on August 2 , 1777 , and ended August 22 . Fort Stanwix , in the western part of the Mohawk River Valley , was then the primary defense point for the Continental Army against British and Indian forces aligned against them in the American Revolutionary War . The fort was occupied by Continental Army forces from New York and Massachusetts under the command of Colonel Peter Gansevoort . The besieging force was composed of British regulars , American Loyalists , Hessian soldiers from Hesse-Hanau , and Indians , under the command of British Brigadier General Barry St. Leger and the Iroquois leader Joseph Brant . St. Leger 's expedition was a diversion in support of General John Burgoyne 's campaign to gain control of the Hudson River Valley to the east . One attempt at relief was thwarted early in the siege when a force of New York militia under Nicholas Herkimer was stopped in the August 6 Battle of Oriskany by a detachment of St. Leger 's forces . While that battle did not involve the fort 's garrison , some of its occupants sortied and raided the nearly empty Indian and Loyalist camps , which was a blow to the morale of St. Leger 's Indian support . They killed some Seneca . The siege was finally broken when American reinforcements under the command of Benedict Arnold neared , and Arnold used a ruse , with the assistance of Herkimer 's relative Hon Yost Schuyler , to convince the besiegers that a much larger force was arriving . This misinformation , combined with the departure of Indian fighters not interested in siege warfare and upset over their losses from the raids , led St. Leger to abandon the effort and retreat . St. Leger 's failure to advance on Albany contributed to Burgoyne 's surrender following the Battles of Saratoga in October 1777 . Although St. Leger reached Fort Ticonderoga in late September , he was too late to aid Burgoyne . The first official US flag was flown during battle on August 3 , 1777 , at Fort Schuyler . The Continental Congress adopted the following resolution on June 14 , 1777 : `` Resolved , that the flag of the United States be thirteen stripes , alternate red and white ; that the union be thirteen stars , white , on a blue field , representing a new constellation . '' There was a delay in displaying this flag . The resolution was not signed by the secretary of the Congress until September 3 , though it was previously printed in the newspapers . Massachusetts reinforcements to Fort Schuyler brought news of the adoption by Congress of the official flag . Soldiers cut up their shirts to make the white stripes ; scarlet material was secured from red flannel petticoats of officers ' wives , while material for the blue union was secured from Capt. Abraham Swartwout 's blue cloth coat . A voucher shows that Congress paid Capt. Swartwout for his coat for the flag . ", "Fort Ellis was a United States Army fort established August 27 , 1867 , east of present-day Bozeman , Montana . Troops from the fort participated in many major campaigns of the Indian Wars . The fort was closed in 1886 . ", "The Battle of Darsūniškis took place on March 24 , 1702 near the town of Darsūniškis -LRB- Polish : Dorsuniszki -RRB- during the Swedish invasion of Poland in the Great Northern War . The Swedish army of about 240 men under the command of Alexander Hummerhielm was defeated by the Polish -- Saxon army of 6,000 men under Michał Serwacy Wiśniowiecki . ", "The Battle of Washington took place from March 30 to April 19 , 1863 , in Beaufort County , North Carolina , as part of Confederate Lt. Gen. James Longstreet 's Tidewater operations during the American Civil War . This battle is sometimes referred to as the Siege of Little Washington . " ]

[ 0, 2, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Netscape_Navigator", "Netscape_Communicator", "Web_browser", "Web_page", "Firefox" ]

[ "Netscape Navigator is a discontinued proprietary web browser , and the original browser of the Netscape line , from versions 1 to 4.08 , and 9.x . It was the flagship product of the Netscape Communications Corp and was the dominant web browser in terms of usage share in the 1990s , but by 2002 its usage had almost disappeared . This was primarily due to the increased usage of Microsoft 's Internet Explorer web browser software , and partly because the Netscape Corporation -LRB- later purchased by AOL -RRB- did not sustain Netscape Navigator 's technical innovation after the late 1990s . The business demise of Netscape was a central premise of Microsoft 's antitrust trial , wherein the Court ruled that Microsoft Corporation 's bundling of Internet Explorer with the Windows operating system was a monopolistic and illegal business practice . The decision came too late for Netscape , however , as Internet Explorer had by then become the dominant web browser in Windows . The Netscape Navigator web browser was succeeded by the Netscape Communicator suite in 1997 . Netscape Communicator 's 4.x source code was the base for the Netscape-developed Mozilla Application Suite , which was later renamed SeaMonkey . Netscape 's Mozilla Suite also served as the base for a browser-only spinoff called Mozilla Firefox . The Netscape Navigator name returned in 2007 when AOL announced version 9 of the Netscape series of browsers , Netscape Navigator 9 . On 28 December 2007 , AOL canceled its development but continued supporting the web browser with security updates until 1 March 2008 . AOL allows downloading of archived versions of the Netscape Navigator web browser family . AOL maintains the Netscape website as an Internet portal . ", "Netscape Communicator -LRB- or Netscape 4 -RRB- is a discontinued Internet suite produced by Netscape Communications Corporation , and was the fourth major release in the Netscape line of browsers . It was first in beta in 1996 and was released in June 1997 . Netscape Communicator addressed the problem of Netscape Navigator 3.x being used as both the name of the suite and the browser contained within it by renaming the suite to Netscape Communicator . It included more groupware features intended to appeal to enterprises . In February 1998 , Netscape announced that Mozilla.org would co-ordinate the development of Netscape Communicator 5 as `` a dedicated team within Netscape with an associated Web site that will promote , foster and guide open dialog and development of Netscape 's client source code . '' However , the aging Communicator code proved to be difficult to work with , so it was abandoned . The whole source code of Communicator was re-written by Mozilla , who were then testing it as Mozilla Application Suite . Netscape , now owned by AOL , finally released Communicator 's successor Netscape 6 in November 2000 , based on Mozilla Application Suite with changes and additions . Minor updates to Communicator continued to be issued , culminating in the release of Netscape Communicator 4.8 in August 2002 . ", "A web browser -LRB- commonly referred to as a browser -RRB- is a software application for retrieving , presenting and traversing information resources on the World Wide Web . An information resource is identified by a Uniform Resource Identifier -LRB- URI/URL -RRB- that may be a web page , image , video or other piece of content . Hyperlinks present in resources enable users easily to navigate their browsers to related resources . Although browsers are primarily intended to use the World Wide Web , they can also be used to access information provided by web servers in private networks or files in file systems . The most popular web browsers are Google Chrome , Microsoft Edge -LRB- preceded by Internet Explorer -RRB- , Safari , Opera and Firefox . ", "A web page , or webpage , is a document that is suitable for the World Wide Web and web browsers . A web browser displays a web page on a monitor or mobile device . The web page is what displays , but the term also refers to a computer file , usually written in HTML or comparable markup language . Web browsers coordinate the various web resource elements for the written web page , such as style sheets , scripts , and images , to present the web page . Typical web pages provide hypertext that includes a navigation bar or a sidebar menu to other web pages via hyperlinks , often referred to as links . On a network , a web browser can retrieve a web page from a remote web server . On a higher level , the web server may restrict access to only a private network such as a corporate intranet or it provides access to the World Wide Web . On a lower level , the web browser uses the Hypertext Transfer Protocol -LRB- HTTP -RRB- to make such requests . A static web page is delivered exactly as stored , as web content in the web server 's file system , while a dynamic web page is generated by a web application that is driven by server-side software or client-side scripting . Dynamic website pages help the browser -LRB- the client -RRB- to enhance the web page through user input to the server . ", "Mozilla Firefox -LRB- or simply Firefox -RRB- is a free and open-source web browser developed by the Mozilla Foundation and its subsidiary the Mozilla Corporation . Firefox is available for Windows , macOS and Linux operating systems , with its Firefox for Android available for Android -LRB- formerly Firefox for mobile , it also ran on the discontinued Firefox OS -RRB- ; where all of these versions use the Gecko layout engine to render web pages , which implements current and anticipated web standards . An additional version , Firefox for iOS , was released in late 2015 , but this version does not use Gecko due to Apple 's restrictions limiting third-party web browsers to the WebKit-based layout engine built into iOS . Firefox was created in 2002 under the name `` Phoenix '' by Mozilla community members who desired a standalone browser , rather than the Mozilla Application Suite bundle . Even during its beta phase , Firefox proved to be popular with its testers and was praised for its speed , security , and add-ons compared to Microsoft 's then-dominant Internet Explorer 6 . Firefox was released in November 2004 , and was highly successful with 60 million downloads within nine months , which was the first time that Internet Explorer 's dominance was challenged . Firefox is considered the spiritual successor of Netscape Navigator , as the Mozilla community was created by Netscape in 1998 before their acquisition by AOL . Firefox usage grew to a peak of 32 % at the end of 2009 , temporarily making version 3.5 the world 's most popular browser . Usage then declined in competition with Google Chrome . , Firefox has between 9 % and 16 % of worldwide usage as a `` desktop '' browser , making it the second most popular web browser . Firefox is still the most popular desktop browser in Cuba -LRB- even most popular overall -RRB- , Eritrea , and Germany , with 85.93 % , 79.39 % , and 37.01 % of the market share , respectively . It is also the most popular desktop browser in many other African countries . According to Mozilla , there were half a billion Firefox users around the world . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Vedic_Sanskrit", "Telugu_literature", "Hindu_texts", "Hinduism", "Chola_literature" ]

[ "Vedic Sanskrit is an Indo-European language , more specifically one branch of the Indo-Iranian group . It is the ancient language of the Vedas of Hinduism , texts compiled over the period of the mid-2nd to mid-1st millennium BCE . It was orally preserved , predating the advent of Brahmi script by several centuries . Vedic Sanskrit is an archaic language , whose consensus translation has been challenging . Extensive ancient literature in the Vedic Sanskrit language has survived into the modern era , and this has been a major source of information about Indo-European parent language . Quite early in the pre-historic era , Sanskrit separated from the Avestan language -LRB- an Eastern Iranian language -RRB- . The exact century of separation is unknown but this separation of Sanskrit and Avestan occurred certainly before 1800 BCE . Avestan language developed in ancient Persia , was the language of Zoroastrianism , but was a dead language in the Sasanian period . Vedic Sanskrit developed independently in ancient India , evolved into classical Sanskrit after the grammar and linguistic treatise of Pāṇini , and later into many related Indian subcontinent languages in which are found the voluminous ancient and medieval literature of Buddhism , Hinduism and Jainism . ", "Telugu literature or Telugu Pandityam is the body of works written in the Telugu language . It consists of poems , novels , short stories , dramas and puranas . Telugu literature can be traced back to the early 11th century period when Mahabharata was first translated to Telugu from Sanskrit by Nannaya . It flourished under the rule of the Vijayanagara Empire , where Telugu was one of the empire 's official languages . Telugu split from Proto-Dravidian between 1500-1000 BC . Telugu became a distinct language by the time any literary activity began to appear in the Tamil land , along with Parji , Kolami , Nayaki and Gadaba languages . Telugu is a Dravidian Language native to India . ", "Hindu texts are manuscripts and historic literature related to any of the diverse traditions within Hinduism . A few texts are shared resources across these traditions and broadly considered as Hindu scriptures . These include the Vedas and the Upanishads . Scholars hesitate in defining the term `` Hindu scripture '' given the diverse nature of Hinduism , many include Bhagavad Gita and Agamas as Hindu scriptures , while Dominic Goodall includes Bhagavata Purana and Yajnavalkya Smriti to the list of Hindu scriptures . There are two historic classifications of Hindu texts : Shruti -- that which is heard , and Smriti -- that which is remembered . The Śruti refers to the body of most authoritative , ancient religious texts , without any author , comprising the central canon of Hinduism . It includes the four Vedas including its four types of embedded texts - the Samhitas , the Brahmanas , the Aranyakas and the early Upanishads . Of the Shrutis -LRB- Vedic corpus -RRB- , the Upanishads alone are widely influential among Hindus , considered scriptures par excellence of Hinduism , and their central ideas have continued to influence its thoughts and traditions . The Smriti texts are a specific body of Hindu texts attributed to an author , as a derivative work they are considered less authoritative than Sruti in Hinduism . The Smrti literature is a vast corpus of diverse texts , and includes but is not limited to Vedāngas , the Hindu epics , the Sutras and Shastras , the texts of Hindu philosophies , the Puranas , the Kāvya or poetical literature , the Bhasyas , and numerous Nibandhas -LRB- digests -RRB- covering politics , ethics , culture , arts and society . Many ancient and medieval Hindu texts were composed in Sanskrit , many others in regional Indian languages . In modern times , most ancient texts have been translated into other Indian languages and some in Western languages . Prior to the start of the common era , the Hindu texts were composed orally , then memorized and transmitted orally , from one generation to next , for more than a millennia before they were written down into manuscripts . This verbal tradition of preserving and transmitting Hindu texts , from one generation to next , continued into the modern era . ", "Hinduism is a religion , or a way of life , found most notably in India and Nepal . Hinduism has been called the oldest religion in the world , and some practitioners and scholars refer to it as , `` the eternal law , '' or the `` eternal way , '' beyond human origins . Scholars regard Hinduism as a fusion or synthesis of various Indian cultures and traditions , with diverse roots and no founder . This `` Hindu synthesis '' started to develop between 500 BCE and 300 CE following the Vedic period -LRB- 1500 BCE to 500 BCE -RRB- . Although Hinduism contains a broad range of philosophies , it is linked by shared concepts , recognisable rituals , cosmology , shared textual resources , and pilgrimage to sacred sites . Hindu texts are classified into Shruti -LRB- `` heard '' -RRB- and Smriti -LRB- `` remembered '' -RRB- . These texts discuss theology , philosophy , mythology , Vedic yajna , Yoga , agamic rituals , and temple building , among other topics . Major scriptures include the Vedas and Upanishads , the Bhagavad Gita , and the Agamas . Sources of authority and eternal truths in its texts play an important role , but there is also a strong Hindu tradition of the questioning of this authority , to deepen the understanding of these truths and to further develop the tradition . Prominent themes in Hindu beliefs include the four Puruṣārthas , the proper goals or aims of human life , namely Dharma -LRB- ethics/duties -RRB- , Artha -LRB- prosperity/work -RRB- , Kama -LRB- desires/passions -RRB- and Moksha -LRB- liberation/freedom/salvation -RRB- ; karma -LRB- action , intent and consequences -RRB- , samsara -LRB- cycle of rebirth -RRB- , and the various Yogas -LRB- paths or practices to attain moksha -RRB- . Hindu practices include rituals such as puja -LRB- worship -RRB- and recitations , meditation , family-oriented rites of passage , annual festivals , and occasional pilgrimages . Some Hindus leave their social world and material possessions , then engage in lifelong Sannyasa -LRB- monastic practices -RRB- to achieve Moksha . Hinduism prescribes the eternal duties , such as honesty , refraining from injuring living beings -LRB- ahimsa -RRB- , patience , forbearance , self-restraint , and compassion , among others . Hinduism is the world 's third largest religion , with over one billion followers or 15 % of the global population , known as Hindus . The majority of Hindus reside in India , Nepal , Mauritius , the Caribbean , and Bali in Indonesia . ", "Chola literature , written in Tamil , is the literature created before 5000 years and it was proved by world archaeological facts . It is one of the oldest language in the world . The age of the imperial Cholas was the most creative epoch of the history of South India and was the Golden Age of Tamil culture . With the revival of Chola power in the middle of the 9th century , the avenues for the literature and art broadened . For the first time in history , an imperial state encompassed the entire South India bringing with it the safety and security to the people and provided the opportunity for the people to experience cultures beyond their own . Tamil became a language of the people . The literature during this period may be classified into religious , secular and political . " ]

[ 0, 0, 2, 2, 0 ]

[ "Ooh_La_La_-LRB-Britney_Spears_song-RRB-", "Me_Against_the_Music", "Telephone_-LRB-song-RRB-", "Welcome_Home_-LRB-Rehab_album-RRB-", "Rehab_-LRB-Amy_Winehouse_song-RRB-" ]

[ "`` Ooh La La '' is a song recorded by American singer Britney Spears for the soundtrack of the 2013 family film The Smurfs 2 . It was written and produced by Lukasz `` Dr. Luke '' Gottwald , Joshua `` Ammo '' Coleman , Henry `` Cirkut '' Walter , with additional writing from Bonnie McKee , Jacob Kasher Hindlin , Lola Blanc , and Fransisca Hall . ", "`` Me Against the Music '' is a song recorded by American singers Britney Spears and Madonna for Spears ' fourth studio album , In the Zone -LRB- 2003 -RRB- . It was written by Spears , Madonna , Christopher `` Tricky '' Stewart , Thabiso `` Tab '' Nikhereanye , Penelope Magnet , Terius Nash and Gary O'Brien . The song was released on October 14 , 2003 , by Jive Records , as the lead single of In the Zone . After bonding with Spears during a night in New York City , Stewart and Magnet started working on the song for her . During rehearsals for the 2003 MTV Video Music Awards , Spears played Madonna the track and asked her to do the song with her . `` Me Against the Music '' contains influences of hip hop and usage of funk guitars . Spears and Madonna trade lines during the verses , and Madonna sings the bridge . Lyrically , the song talks about battling the music and the pleasures of letting go on the dancefloor . The song received generally mixed reviews from music critics . Some felt it was a strong dance track of In the Zone , while others referred to it as lackluster and disappointing . The song was a commercial success , peaking atop of the charts in countries such as Australia , Denmark , Hungary , Ireland and Spain , as well as the European Hot 100 Singles . It also peaked at number two in Canada , Italy , Norway and the United Kingdom , and inside the top five in many other nations . The song won the `` Hot Dance Single of the Year '' accolade at the 2004 Billboard Music Awards . The accompanying music video for `` Me Against the Music '' shows Spears and Madonna playing opposites in a nightclub . A cat-and-mouse chase ensues , and Spears finds Madonna in the end , only for the latter to disappear before they kiss . The video received positive reviews from critics , who noted it as symbolic of the sexual roles between the women . Spears has performed the song in a number of live appearances including the 2003 NFL Kickoff Live , Saturday Night Live , 2003 American Music Awards and TRL . She has also performed remixed versions with elements of bhangra music at The Onyx Hotel Tour -LRB- 2004 -RRB- and The Circus Starring Britney Spears -LRB- 2009 -RRB- . Spears is currently performing the song on her Las Vegas residency show Britney : Piece of Me . `` Me Against the Music '' has been sampled by Justice , while the music video was recreated by television series Glee and included an appearance by Spears . ", "`` Telephone '' is a song recorded by American singer Lady Gaga for her third EP , The Fame Monster -LRB- 2009 -RRB- . The song features American singer Beyoncé . The song was written by Gaga , Rodney Jerkins , LaShawn Daniels , Lazonate Franklin and Beyoncé . Inspired by her fear of suffocation , Gaga explained that the lyrics preferring relaxing on the dance floor to answering her lover 's phone call are a metaphor , the phone calling her representing the fear of not having worked hard enough to succeed . Originally , Gaga wrote the song for Britney Spears , who recorded a demo . Musically , `` Telephone '' consists of an expanded bridge , verse-rap and a sampled voice of an operator announcing that the phone line is unreachable . Beyoncé appears in the middle of the song , singing the verses in a rapid-fire way , accompanied by double beats . The song received positive reviews from critics who frequently noted `` Telephone '' as a stand-out track from The Fame Monster . It was Grammy-nominated for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals in 2011 . `` Telephone '' charted in a number of countries due to digital sales following the album 's release , namely in the United States , Australia , Canada , the Netherlands , New Zealand , Sweden and Hungary . The song was particularly successful in Europe where it reached the top of the charts in Belgium , Denmark , Hungary , Ireland , Norway and the United Kingdom . According to the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry , the single sold 7.4 million digital copies worldwide in 2010 , making it one of Gaga 's best-selling singles . The accompanying music video is a continuation of the video for her 2009 song , `` Paparazzi '' , and is also shot as a short film . After Gaga gets bailed out of prison by Beyoncé , they go to a diner and poison the guests having breakfast . After the homicide they escape and end up in a high-speed police chase . The video referenced Quentin Tarantino and his films Pulp Fiction -LRB- 1994 -RRB- and Kill Bill : Volume 1 -LRB- 2003 -RRB- . The video received generally positive reviews was nominated for three awards at the 2010 MTV Video Music Awards , including one for Video of the Year . In January 2015 Billboard named it the best video of the first half of the decade . In memory of Alexander McQueen , Gaga performed an acoustic rendition of `` Telephone '' mixed with `` Dance in the Dark '' at the 2010 BRIT Awards . It was also added to the set list of The Monster Ball Tour in 2010 , the Born This Way Ball in 2012 and ArtRave : The Artpop Ball in 2014 . ", "Welcome Home is a 2010 studio album by the American rap rock and Southern rock band Rehab . With the exception of the rap-based songs '' # 1 '' and `` Rideout Chick '' , it is a full album of country type pop ballads in the style of their biggest single , `` Sittin ' at a Bar '' . ", "`` Rehab '' is a song written and performed by English singer and songwriter Amy Winehouse , from her second and final studio album Back to Black -LRB- 2006 -RRB- . Produced by Mark Ronson , the lyrics are autobiographical and address Winehouse 's refusal one time to enter a rehabilitation clinic . `` Rehab '' was released as the lead single from Back to Black on 23 October 2006 , and it peaked at number 7 in the United Kingdom on its Singles Chart and number 9 in the United States on the Billboard Hot 100 , becoming Winehouse 's only top 10 hit in the US . `` Rehab '' has become a critical and commercial success internationally , and has been referred to as Winehouse 's `` signature song '' . It won three Grammy Awards at the 50th ceremony , including Record of the Year , Song of the Year , and Best Female Pop Vocal Performance . It also won an Ivor Novello Award for Best Contemporary Song . Winehouse 's public battle with drug and alcohol addiction , and subsequent death , have contributed to the song 's continuing popularity and appearance in the media . The song has been covered by a list of artists , such as Hot Chip , Lea Salonga , Seether , and the Jamaican Mento band The Jolly Boys . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ]

[ "Skopje", "Ancient_Corinth", "Athens", "Stevo_Teodosievski", "Macedonia_at_the_2013_World_Championships_in_Athletics" ]

[ "Skopje -LRB- Скопје , -LSB- ˈskɔpjɛ -RSB- -RRB- is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Macedonia . It is the country 's political , cultural , economic , and academic center . It was known in the Roman period under the name Scupi . The territory of Skopje has been inhabited since at least 4000 BC ; remains of Neolithic settlements have been found within the old Kale Fortress that overlooks the modern city centre . On the eve of the 1st century AD , the settlement was seized by the Romans and became a military camp . When the Roman Empire was divided into eastern and western halves in 395 AD , Scupi came under Byzantine rule from Constantinople . During much of the early medieval period , the town was contested between the Byzantines and the Bulgarian Empire , whose capital it was between 972 and 992 . From 1282 , the town was part of the Serbian Empire and acted as its capital city from 1346 to 1371 . In 1392 , the city was conquered by the Ottoman Turks who called the town Üsküp . The town stayed under Turkish control for over 500 years , serving as the capital of pashasanjak of Üsküb and later the Vilayet of Kosovo . At that time the city was famous for its oriental architecture . In 1912 , it was annexed by the Kingdom of Serbia during the Balkan Wars and after the First World War the city became part of the newly formed Kingdom of Serbs , Croats and Slovenes -LRB- Kingdom of Yugoslavia -RRB- . In the Second World War the city was conquered by the Bulgarian Army , which was part of the Axis powers . In 1944 , it became the capital city of Democratic Macedonia -LRB- later Socialist Republic of Macedonia -RRB- , which was a federal state , part of Democratic Federal Yugoslavia -LRB- later Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia -RRB- . The city developed rapidly after World War II , but this trend was interrupted in 1963 when it was hit by a disastrous earthquake . In 1991 , it became the capital city of an independent Macedonia . Skopje is located on the upper course of the Vardar River , and is located on a major north-south Balkan route between Belgrade and Athens . It is a center for metal-processing , chemical , timber , textile , leather , and printing industries . Industrial development of the city has been accompanied by development of the trade , logistics , and banking sectors , as well as an emphasis on the fields of transportation , culture and sport . According to the last official count from 2002 , Skopje has a population of 506,926 inhabitants ; according to two more recent unofficial estimates , the city has a population of 668,518 or 491,000 inhabitants . ", "Corinth -LRB- -LSB- ˈkɔrɪnθ -RSB- Κόρινθος Kórinthos -RRB- was a city-state -LRB- polis -RRB- on the Isthmus of Corinth , the narrow stretch of land that joins the Peloponnese to the mainland of Greece , roughly halfway between Athens and Sparta . The modern town of Corinth is located approximately 5 km northeast of the ancient ruins . Since 1896 , systematic archaeological investigations of the Corinth Excavations by the American School of Classical Studies at Athens have revealed large parts of the ancient city , and recent excavations conducted by the Greek Ministry of Culture have brought to light important new facets of antiquity . For Christians , Corinth is well-known from the two letters of Saint Paul in the New Testament , First Corinthians and Second Corinthians . Corinth is also mentioned in the Book of Acts as part of the Apostle Paul 's missionary travels . In addition , the second book of Pausanias ' Description of Greece is devoted to Corinth . Ancient Corinth was one of the largest and most important cities of Greece , with a population of 90,000 in 400 BC . The Romans demolished Corinth in 146 BC , built a new city in its place in 44 BC , and later made it the provincial capital of Greece . ", "Athens -LRB- -LSB- ˈæθᵻnz -RSB- Αθήνα , Athína -LSB- aˈθina -RSB- , Ἀθῆναι , Athênai -RRB- is the capital and largest city of Greece . It dominates the Attica region and is one of the world 's oldest cities , with its recorded history spanning over 3,400 years , and its earliest human presence starting somewhere between the 11th and 7th millennia BC . Classical Athens was a powerful city-state that emerged in conjunction with the seagoing development of the port of Piraeus , which had been a distinct city prior to its 5th century BC incorporation with Athens . A centre for the arts , learning and philosophy , home of Plato 's Academy and Aristotle 's Lyceum , it is widely referred to as the cradle of Western civilization and the birthplace of democracy , largely because of its cultural and political impact on the European continent , and in particular the Romans . In modern times , Athens is a large cosmopolitan metropolis and central to economic , financial , industrial , maritime , political and cultural life in Greece . In 2012 , Athens was ranked the world 's 39th richest city by purchasing power and the 67th most expensive in a UBS study . Athens is recognised as a global city because of its location and its importance in shipping , finance , commerce , media , entertainment , arts , international trade , culture , education and tourism . It is one of the biggest economic centres in southeastern Europe , with a large financial sector , and its port Piraeus is both the largest passenger port in Europe and the second largest in the world . The municipality -LRB- city -RRB- of Athens had a population of 664,046 -LRB- in 2011 -RRB- within its administrative limits , and a land area of 38.96 km2 . The urban area of Athens -LRB- Greater Athens and Greater Piraeus -RRB- extends beyond its administrative municipal city limits , with a population of 3,090,508 -LRB- in 2011 -RRB- over an area of 412 km2 . According to Eurostat in 2011 , the functional urban area -LRB- FUA -RRB- of Athens was the 9th most populous FUA in the European Union -LRB- the 6th most populous capital city of the EU -RRB- , with a population of 3,828,000 . Athens is also the southernmost capital on the European mainland . The heritage of the classical era is still evident in the city , represented by ancient monuments and works of art , the most famous of all being the Parthenon , considered a key landmark of early Western civilization . The city also retains Roman and Byzantine monuments , as well as a smaller number of Ottoman monuments . Athens is home to two UNESCO World Heritage Sites , the Acropolis of Athens and the medieval Daphni Monastery . Landmarks of the modern era , dating back to the establishment of Athens as the capital of the independent Greek state in 1834 , include the Hellenic Parliament and the so-called `` architectural trilogy of Athens '' , consisting of the National Library of Greece , the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens and the Academy of Athens . Athens is also home to several museums and cultural institutions , such as the National Archeological Museum , featuring the world 's largest collection of ancient Greek antiquities , the Acropolis Museum , the Museum of Cycladic Art , the Benaki Museum and the Byzantine and Christian Museum . Athens was the host city of the first modern-day Olympic Games in 1896 , and 108 years later it welcomed home the 2004 Summer Olympics . ", "Stevo Teodosievski -LRB- 16 April 1924 -- 9 April 1997 -RRB- was Macedonian artist , music educator and humanist . After a childhood in his hometown , he spent his youth in Belgrade , returning to Kocani after World War II . Stevo Teodosievski died in Skopje on April 9 , 1997 . In the 1950s he was a truck driver while pursuing professional photography in Skopje , where he began to make money as a musician . Playing accordion at restaurants and private parties , Teodosievski engaged in private music lessons for solfeggio and music theory . Teodosievski later worked at co-repetition program of Radio Skopje . In 1954 he met Esma Redžepova who would later become his life companion . In the period from 1960 to 1989 Stevo and Esma Teodosievski lived and worked in Belgrade , and then they returned to Skopje . 47 children were brought up and educated in the traditional spirit in his music school . Ensemble `` Teodosievski '' has held more than 20,000 concerts , of which around 2,000 humanitarian , has issued 108 single plates , 20 Long - play records , 32 audio cassettes , 15 CDs , 6 video cassettes and recorded 12 shows by 30 minutes at MRTV . Winner of many awards and honors : October award of Yugoslavia silver and gold medal from the President of Yugoslavia , Josip Broz Tito Silver medal from the Red Cross of Montenegro Gold medal for humanist in Bosnia and Herzegovina Gold medal the Red Cross of Yugoslavia Award of UNICEF Yugoslavia Award for lifetime achievement in Serbia and Montenegro Gold medal , `` December 22nd - Yugoslavia '' in 1992 . Award of the city of Skopje `` November 13th '' in the field of culture and art . ", "Macedonia competed at the 2013 World Championships in Athletics in Moscow , Russia , from 10 -- 18 August 2013 . A team of 1 athlete was announced to represent the country in the event . " ]

[ 2, 1, 1, 1, 0 ]

[ "Google_Search", "Archaeology_Data_Service", "Murashu_family", "Shelton_McMurphey_Johnson_House", "Old_Stone_House_-LRB-Vale,_Oregon-RRB-" ]

[ "Google Search , commonly referred to as Google Web Search or simply Google , is a web search engine developed by Google . It is the most-used search engine on the World Wide Web , handling more than three billion searches each day . , it is the most used search engine in the US with 64.0 % market share . The order of search on Google 's search-results pages is based , in part , on a priority rank called a `` PageRank '' . Google Search provides many different options for customized search , using Boolean operators such as exclusion -LRB- '' - xx '' -RRB- , alternatives -LRB- `` xx OR yy OR zz '' -RRB- , and wildcards -LRB- `` Winston * Churchill '' returns `` Winston Churchill '' , `` Winston Spencer Churchill '' , etc. -RRB- . The same and other options can be specified in a different way on an Advanced Search page . The main purpose of Google Search is to hunt for text in publicly accessible documents offered by web servers , as opposed to other data , such as images or data contained in databases . It was originally developed by Larry Page and Sergey Brin in 1997 . Google Search provides several features beyond searching for words . These include synonyms , weather forecasts , time zones , stock quotes , maps , earthquake data , movie showtimes , airports , home listings , and sports scores . There are special features for numbers , dates , and some specific forms , including ranges , prices , temperatures , money and measurement unit conversions , calculations , package tracking , patents , area codes , and language translation . In June 2011 Google introduced `` Google Voice Search '' to search for spoken , rather than typed , words . In May 2012 Google introduced a Knowledge Graph semantic search feature in the U.S. Analysis of the frequency of search terms may indicate economic , social and health trends . Data about the frequency of use of search terms on Google can be openly inquired via Google Trends and have been shown to correlate with flu outbreaks and unemployment levels , and provide the information faster than traditional reporting methods and surveys . As of mid-2016 , Google 's search engine has begun to rely on these deep neural networks . In October 2016 , Gary Illyes , a webmaster trends analyst with Google , announced that the search engine will be making a new , primary web index dedicated for mobile , with a secondary , less up-to-date index for desktop use . The change is a response from the continued growth in mobile , and a push for web developers to adopt a mobile-friendly version of their websites . Illyes stated the change will happen in `` months '' . Competitors of Google include Baidu and Soso.com in China ; Naver.com and Daum.net in South Korea ; Yandex in Russia ; Seznam.cz in the Czech Republic ; Yahoo in Japan , Taiwan and the US , as well as Bing and DuckDuckGo . Some smaller search engines offer facilities not available with Google , e.g. not storing any private or tracking information ; one such search engine is Ixquick . ", "The Archaeology Data Service -LRB- ADS -RRB- is an open access digital archive for archaeological research outputs . It is located in The King 's Manor , at the University of York . Originally intended to curate digital outputs from archaeological researchers based in the UK 's Higher Education sector , the ADS also holds archive material created under the auspices of national and local government as well as in the commercial archaeology sector . The ADS carries out research , most of which focuses on resource discovery , cross-searching and interoperability with other relevant archives in the UK , Europe and the United States of America . The Archaeology Data Service is listed in the Registry of Research Data Repositories re3data.org . ", "The house of Murashu were a family discovered in archaeological findings dating to the late 19th century . The family were alive during the fifth century BC in Nippur , participating in early economic activities . ", "The Shelton McMurphey Johnson House , or Castle on the Hill , in Eugene , Oregon , United States , is a Victorian-era residence that is listed on the National Register of Historical Places . It is named for the three families who called it home over the years . The house is now open for public tours and pre-arranged private events . ", "The Old Stone House , also known as the Stone House Hotel , Rinehart House or Rinehart Stone House Museum , is a building and museum located in Vale , Oregon , listed on the National Register of Historic Places . The building was the first permanent building in the community of `` Stone House '' , renamed to `` Vale '' in 1887 . It is a 26 x building from Oregon 's early settlement period , built of local sandstone in 1872 . It has imitation Italianate-style elements in its shallow hipped roof , overhanging eaves , and round arch heads over its windows and door on the first story . It originally had a front porch with a deck served by a doorway in the center of its second floor . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Biswatosh_Sengupta", "Esarhaddon", "Raquel_Señoret", "Sir_John_Bowyer,_2nd_Baronet", "John_Baird_-LRB-North_West_Lanarkshire_MP-RRB-" ]

[ "Biswatosh Sengupta -LRB- born September 11 , 1944 -RRB- is an Indian academic . He is the fourth son among seven children of Manindranath and Provabati Sengupta . ", "Esarhaddon -LRB- Akkadian : Aššur-aḥa-iddina `` Ashur has given a brother '' ; אֵסַר חַדֹּן Ασαραδδων Asor Haddan -RRB- was a king of the Neo-Assyrian Empire who reigned 681 -- 669 BC . He was the youngest son of Sennacherib and the West Semitic queen Naqi'a -LRB- Zakitu -RRB- , Sennacherib 's second wife . ", "Raquel Señoret -LRB- October 10 , 1922 -- November 27 , 1990 -RRB- was a Chilean poet . She was the youngest daughter of the Chilean ambassador to London . On 8 June 1940 , aged seventeen , she married John Watney . His first published book , Sunstroke , is dedicated to her . Even at that young age , she was writing poetry . She considered her poems her most precious possessions and kept them stored in a hat-box for easy evacuation should the house be bombed . The marriage did not last and they were divorced on 18 June 1945 . She returned to Chile on 4 July 1945 . They had no children . They remained friends and corresponded with each other until her death in 1990 . Their time together in 1940 is described in Watney 's book He Also Served -LRB- Hamish Hamilton , 1971 , SBN 241 02011 5 -RRB- . Senoret wrote cantos with verses of three long lines each . Her most important work is Anagogias -LRB- Ediciones Documentas , Guayaquil , 1988 -RRB- , an anthology of three separate works , each consisting of a dozen or more cantos : El Infinito y su Reflejo -LRB- The Infinite and its Reflex -RRB- , El Sortilegio de la Imaginacion -LRB- The Sortilege of Imagination -RRB- , and Presencia en el Tiempo -LRB- Presence of Time -RRB- . She had three children : Lucas , Javier and Paula . ", "Sir John Bowyer , 2nd Baronet -LRB- 25 April 1653 -- 18 July 1691 -RRB- was an English politician . He was the oldest son of Sir John Bowyer , 1st Baronet and Mary Milward , daughter of Robert Milward . Bowyer was educated at Christ Church , Oxford and graduated with a Master of Arts -LRB- MA -RRB- in 1669 . Three years ago , he had succeeded his father as baronet . Bowyer was High Sheriff of Staffordshire between 1677 and 1678 . He sat then as Member of Parliament -LRB- MP -RRB- for Warwick from 1678 until 1679 and for Staffordshire from 1679 until 1685 . On 10 July 1672 , he married Hon. Jane Murray , daughter of Henry Murray and the Viscountess Bayning . Bowyer was buried at Biddulph in Staffordshire and was succeeded in the baronetcy by his only son John . ", "John Baird -LRB- 17 February 1852 -- 8 July 1900 -RRB- was a Scottish Unionist politician . Baird was the son of John Baird , 1st of Ury and his wife Margaret Findlay and younger brother of Sir Alexander Baird , 1st Baronet . He was educated at Harrow School and Christ Church , Oxford . He was Deputy Lieutenant and J.P. for Inverness-shire . At the 1885 general election Baird was elected as the Member of Parliament -LRB- MP -RRB- for North West Lanarkshire . He lost the seat at the 1886 general election to the socialist Robert Cunninghame-Graham , who stood as a Liberal-Labour candidate and became Britain 's first socialist MP . Baird had residences at Knoydart , the Isle of Ornsay and Lochwood , Lanarkshire . He died at the age of 48 . Baird married Constance Amelia Harford , daughter of John Harford Battersby Harford , on 23 April 1878 and had two daughters and two sons . Baird 's brother Sir Alexander Baird , 1st Baronet was Lord Lieutenant of Kincardineshire from 1889 to 1918 . " ]

[ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ]

[ "Exit_the_King", "King_Of...", "The_King_was_in_his_Counting_House", "The_Legend_of_the_Lion_King", "To_Sirloin_with_Love" ]

[ "Exit the King -LRB- Le Roi se meurt -RRB- is an absurdist drama by Eugène Ionesco that premiered in 1962 . It is the third in Ionesco 's `` Berenger Cycle '' , preceded by The Killer -LRB- 1958 -RRB- and Rhinocéros -LRB- 1959 -RRB- , and followed by A Stroll in the Air -LRB- 1963 -RRB- . ", "King Of ... was a television comedy talk show made by Big Talk Productions for Channel 4 . It was first broadcast on 17 June 2011 and was hosted by Claudia Winkleman . The show featured two celebrity guests per episode and a studio audience . The guests discussed what is the ` king of ' various categories . On 24 June 2011 , Channel 4 announced that King Of ... was to be cut short due to Winkleman 's pregnancy . The final 2 episodes , with Ruby Wax & Johnny Vegas and Billie Piper , were not recorded . ", "The King was in his Counting House is the seventh episode of the fifth series of the British comedy series Dad 's Army that was originally transmitted on 17 November 1972 . ", "The Legend of The Lion King is the name of former attractions hosted at both Magic Kingdom in Walt Disney World in Florida and in Disneyland Paris . Although both shows were inspired by the hit Disney film The Lion King they took on two different performance styles . The Legend of the Lion King Show at Magic Kingdom in Walt Disney World Resort was a stage performance retelling the story of the film using life size puppets , while the show at Disneyland Paris was a Broadway inspired performance that used human actors and featured popular songs from the movie . ", "`` To Sirloin with Love '' is the twenty-fourth episode of the thirteenth season as well as the series finale of animated television series King of the Hill , it is the 259th episode of the series overall . It originally aired on Fox on September 13 , 2009 . `` To Sirloin with Love '' was written by Jim Dauterive , Tony Gama-Lobo , Rebecca May , and Christy Stratton . `` To Sirloin with Love '' received a 2.9 / 6 rating among adults 18-49 and received positive reviews from critics . Although this is the final episode of the series , it was not the final episode to air . Four previous episodes from the thirteenth season originally premiered in syndication nightly from May 3 to May 6 , 2010 . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 1 ]

[ "Prince_Valiant_-LRB-1997_film-RRB-", "Stephen_Moyer", "Petyr_Baelish", "Simon_Coates_-LRB-actor-RRB-", "Julian_Firth" ]

[ "Prince Valiant is a 1997 Irish-British independent sword and sorcery film directed by Anthony Hickox , written by Michael Frost Beckner , and starring Stephen Moyer , Katherine Heigl , Thomas Kretschmann , Joanna Lumley , Ron Perlman , and Edward Fox . It is a loose adaptation of the long-running Prince Valiant comic strip of Hal Foster , some panels of which were used in the movie . In it , Valiant must battle the Vikings and a scheming sorceress to save the kingdom . ", "Stephen Moyer -LRB- born Stephen John Emery ; 11 October 1969 -RRB- is an English film and television actor and director who is best known as vampire Bill Compton in the HBO series True Blood . Moyer 's first television role was in 1993 as Philip Masefield in the TV adaptation of the play Conjugal Rites , written by actor/playwright Roger Hall . This was followed by the television film Lord of Misrule , filmed in Fowey , Cornwall , which also featured Richard Wilson , Emily Mortimer and Prunella Scales . In 1997 , Moyer made his big-screen debut landing the lead role in the film adaptation of the long-running comic strip Prince Valiant by Hal Foster , working alongside Ron Perlman and Katherine Heigl . ", "Petyr Baelish , nicknamed Littlefinger , is a fictional character created by American author George R. R. Martin . He is a prominent non-point of view character in Martin 's award-winning A Song of Ice and Fire series , and a main character in HBO 's adaptation of the series , Game of Thrones , where he is portrayed by Aidan Gillen . In A Storm of Swords , it is revealed that several major plot points have hinged on Baelish 's intrigues , including the framing of Tyrion Lannister for the attempt on Bran Stark 's life , the downfall of Lord Eddard Stark , the deaths of Lord Jon Arryn and King Joffrey Baratheon , and the War of the Five Kings . ", "Simon Coates is a British actor who has worked extensively with the National Theatre and the Royal Shakespeare Company , with whom he has appeared throughout the world , working with directors such as Sir Richard Eyre , Robert Lepage , Howard Davies , William Gaskill , Sir David Hare , Declan Donnellan , Tim Supple , Sir Tom Stoppard , David Farr , Lyndsay Posner , Sean Holmes , Rachel Kavanaugh , Gemma Bodinetz , Katie Mitchell , Phyllida Lloyd , Jonathan Munby , Thea Sharrock , Sir Trevor Nunn , Robert Icke , Simon Godwin , James Dacre and Rupert Goold . He has appeared in many celebrated productions including Robert Lepage 's A Midsummer Night 's Dream , Tim Supple 's The Comedy of Errors , David Farr 's Coriolanus , Robert Icke 's ' 1984 ' and Declan Donnellan 's As You Like It , for which he received an Olivier award nomination for Best Supporting Actor and a New York Drama Desk Award nomination for Outstanding Featured Actor . Among the theatres he has performed at are The National Theatre , Royal Shakespeare Company , Almeida , Shakespeare 's Globe , Donmar Warehouse , Old Vic , Young Vic , Liverpool Playhouse , Liverpool Everyman , Birmingham Rep , Sheffield Crucible , Bristol Old Vic , Hampstead Theatre , Chichester Festival , Headlong Theatre , Kingston Rose , and the Dublin Gate Theatre . On television he has appeared in ' A Touch of Frost ' , ` Eastenders ' , ` The Bill ' , ` Dream Team ' , ` Doctors ' , ` The Amazing Mrs Pritchard ' and ` Holby City ' . Among the roles he has played are King Philip in ` King John ' , Dr. Yealland in ` Regeneration ' , Parsons in ' 1984 ' , Bishop of Ely in ` Richard III ' , Norman Tate in ` Donkeys Years ' , Philinte in ` The Misanthrope ' , Sir Epicure Mammon in ` The Alchemist ' , Friar Lawrence in ` Romeo and Juliet ' , Cleante in ` Tartuffe ' , Sir Andrew Charleson in ` Plenty ' , Colonel Hennings in ` The Prince of Homburg ' , Captain Anson in ` Arthur and George ' , Beralde in ` The Hypochondriac ' , Max in ` The Real Thing ' , Major Charles Ingram in ` Life After Scandal ' , John Middleton in ` The Constant Wife ' , Lockwood in ` Wuthering Heights ' , Captain Lancey in ` Translations ' , George Page in ` The Merry Wives of Windsor ' , Junius Brutus in ` Coriolanus ' , Hortensio in ` The Taming of the Shrew ' , Antipholus of Ephesus in ` The Comedy of Errors ' , Valere in ` The Miser ' , Celia in ` As You Like It ' , Valentine in ` Arcadia ' , Malcolm in ` Macbeth ' , Demetrius in ' A Midsummer Night 's Dream ' , Freddie in ` Pygmalion ' and John Worthing in ` The Importance of Being Earnest ' . His daughter , Bessie Coates , is also an actor . ", "Julian Firth is an English actor , best known for his roles as troubled inmate Davis in the cinematic version of the film Scum and as Brother Jerome in the long-running television series Cadfael . Firth has enjoyed a consistent acting career in the theatre and has appeared in numerous television productions , including Jeeves and Wooster , The Bill , The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles and Margaret . He also appeared in the video of the 1982 hit single Pass the Dutchie by Musical Youth , in which he appears as a pompous prosecuting barrister . In 1984 , he was cast alongside Rob Lowe in Oxford Blues as Lowe 's Oriel College room-mate and confidant , providing inside information . In 2011 he appeared in the television film The Suspicions of Mr Whicher for ITV . He also appeared in the drama `` The Queen '' in 2006 , as Blair 's aide . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Kevin_Bacon", "The_Woodsman_-LRB-2004_film-RRB-", "Hollow_Man", "Sleepers", "Joe_Butterfly" ]

[ "Kevin Norwood Bacon -LRB- born July 8 , 1958 -RRB- is an American actor and musician . His notable films include musical-drama film Footloose -LRB- 1984 -RRB- , the controversial historical conspiracy legal thriller JFK -LRB- 1991 -RRB- , the legal drama A Few Good Men -LRB- 1992 -RRB- , the historical docudrama Apollo 13 -LRB- 1995 -RRB- , and the mystery drama Mystic River -LRB- 2003 -RRB- . Bacon is also known for taking on darker roles such as that of a sadistic guard in Sleepers and troubled former child abuser in a critically acclaimed performance in The Woodsman . Also on television , he starred in the Fox series The Following from 2013 to 2015 . Bacon has won a Golden Globe Award and three Screen Actors Guild Awards , and was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award . The Guardian named him one of the best actors never to have received an Academy Award nomination . In 2003 , Bacon received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for his contributions to the motion pictures industry . Bacon has become an icon for the concept of interconnectedness -LRB- as in social networks -RRB- , having been popularized by the game `` Six Degrees of Kevin Bacon '' . In 2007 , he created SixDegrees.org , a charitable foundation . ", "The Woodsman is a 2004 drama film directed and co-written -LRB- with Steven Fechter -RRB- by Nicole Kassell , based on Fechter 's play of the same name . The movie stars Kevin Bacon as a convicted child molester who must adjust to life after prison . The movie 's name refers to the woodsman from the fairy tale of Little Red Riding Hood who kills the wolf to save the titular child . ", "Hollow Man is a 2000 American-German science fiction horror film directed by Paul Verhoeven and starring Kevin Bacon , Elisabeth Shue and Josh Brolin . Bacon portrays the title character , a scientist who renders himself invisible and goes on a killing spree , a story inspired by H. G. Wells ' novel The Invisible Man . The film was nominated for an Academy Award for Visual Effects in 2001 , but lost to Gladiator . The film is Verhoeven 's most recent American production . In 2013 , Verhoeven remarked to The Hollywood Reporter : `` I decided after Hollow Man , this is a movie , the first movie that I made that I thought I should not have made . It made money and this and that , but it really is not me anymore . I think many other people could have done that . I do n't think many people could have made RoboCop that way , or either Starship Troopers . But Hollow Man , I thought there might have been 20 directors in Hollywood who could have done that . I felt depressed with myself after 2002 . '' It partly contributed in his return to the Netherlands , his home country , where he made Black Book in 2006 , which was considered a return to form . A direct-to-video stand-alone sequel called Hollow Man 2 starring Christian Slater and Peter Facinelli was released in 2006 . ", "Sleepers is a 1996 American legal crime drama film written , produced , and directed by Barry Levinson , and based on Lorenzo Carcaterra 's 1995 novel of the same name . The film starred Kevin Bacon , Jason Patric , Brad Pitt , Robert De Niro , Dustin Hoffman , Minnie Driver and Vittorio Gassmann . ", "Joe Butterfly is a 1957 American comedy film directed by Jesse Hibbs starring Audie Murphy , George Nader and Keenan Wynn , with Burgess Meredith in the title role as a Japanese man . The movie was action star Murphy 's only outright comedy , and it suffered by comparison to the similar Teahouse of the August Moon , released seven months earlier . " ]

[ 1, 2, 0, 2, 0 ]

[ "Jack_Dylan_Grazer", "Jack_Dangers", "Jack_Taylor_-LRB-musician-RRB-", "Peter_Mortimer_-LRB-filmmaker-RRB-", "Jorge_Boehringer" ]

[ "Jack Dylan Grazer -LRB- born September 3 , 2003 -RRB- is an American child actor and was born in Los Angeles , California to parents Angela Lafever and Gavin Grazer . His role as Eddie Kaspbrak in Stephen King 's feature film It marks Grazer 's first studio picture . ", "Jack Dangers -LRB- born John Stephen Corrigan -RRB- is an electronic musician , DJ , producer , and remixer best known for his work as the primary member of Meat Beat Manifesto . He lives in San Francisco . ", "Jack Taylor -LRB- 1965 -- 1997 -RRB- was an American musician and member of several popular bands . He was born Richard Violet in Urbana , Ohio . In his early twenties he played guitar with The Gibson Bros and went on to form the Columbus , Ohio , avant-garde noise band Monster Truck Five . Late in his career he fronted , with Jeffrey Evans , the Memphis rock n roll act the '68 Comeback and appeared in , and provided the title song for , the John Michael McCarthy film The Sore Losers . He died in 1997 of an overdose . ", "Peter Mortimer -LRB- born January 28 , 1974 -RRB- is an American filmmaker from Colorado . He has produced and directed multiple films related to rock climbing , mountaineering , and outdoor adventure under the production group Sender Films . Mortimer was born in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania . He attended Colorado College graduating with honors in geology . He later attended the University of Southern California School of Cinema and Television , receiving his MFA in film . His productions have won numerous film festival awards , a Sports Emmy , and a nomination for News and Documentary Emmy : Outstanding Graphic Design & Art Direction . Peter is also co-founder , along with Josh Lowell of Big UP Productions , of the REEL ROCK Film Tour , coming up on in its 10th year and showing in over 415 locations across the world . ", "Jorge Boehringer is an electro-acoustic musician , composer , sound designer , and installation artist from the United States . He was born in New York in 1975 , grew up in Texas , and in 1998 moved Oakland , California . He currently resides in Prague , Czech Republic . " ]

[ 2, 0, 1, 1, 0 ]

[ "FC_Bayern_Munich", "Franz_John", "FC_Rastatt_04", "Ludwig_Hofmeister", "München_Rangers" ]

[ "Fußball-Club Bayern München e.V. , commonly known as FC Bayern München -LRB- -LSB- ʔɛf tseː ˈbaɪɐn ˈmʏnçn̩ -RSB- -RRB- , FCB , Bayern Munich , or FC Bayern , is a German sports club based in Munich , Bavaria -LRB- Bayern -RRB- , Germany . It is best known for its professional football team , which plays in the Bundesliga , the top tier of the German football league system , and is the most successful club in German football history , having won a record 27 national titles and 18 national cups . FC Bayern was founded in 1900 by 11 football players , led by Franz John . Although Bayern won its first national championship in 1932 , the club was not selected for the Bundesliga at its inception in 1963 . The club had its period of greatest success in the middle of the 1970s when , under the captaincy of Franz Beckenbauer , it won the European Cup three times in a row -LRB- 1974 -- 1976 -RRB- . Overall , Bayern has reached ten European Cup/UEFA Champions League finals , most recently winning their fifth title in 2013 as part of a continental treble . Bayern has also won one UEFA Cup , one European Cup Winners ' Cup , one UEFA Super Cup , one FIFA Club World Cup and two Intercontinental Cups , making it one of the most successful European clubs internationally . Since the formation of the Bundesliga , Bayern has been the dominant club in German football with 27 titles and has won 9 of the last 13 titles . They have traditional local rivalries with 1860 Munich and 1 . FC Nürnberg , as well as with Borussia Dortmund since the mid-1990s . Since the beginning of the 2005 -- 06 season , Bayern has played its home games at the Allianz Arena . Previously the team had played at Munich 's Olympiastadion for 33 years . The team colours are red and white , and the team crest shows the white and blue flag of Bavaria . In terms of revenue , Bayern Munich is the biggest sports club in Germany and the third biggest football club in the world , generating $ 488 million for the 2013 -- 14 season . As of November 2016 , Bayern has over 284,000 members . There are more than 4,000 officially-registered fan clubs with over 314,000 members . The club has other departments for chess , handball , basketball , gymnastics , bowling , table tennis and senior football with more than 1,100 active members . FC Bayern is ranked second in the current UEFA club coefficient rankings . ", "Franz Adolf Louis John -LRB- born 28 September 1872 in Pritzwalk , died 17 November 1952 in Berlin -RRB- was a German photographer . He was one of the initiators of the founding of FC Bayern Munich and its first president from 1900 to 1903 . He was born on 28 September 1872 in Pritzwalk -LRB- Brandenburg -RRB- , the son of Friedrich Wilhelm and Ida John . After moving with his parents to Pankow at the fringe of Berlin , he later joined the football club VfB Pankow . There he met Gustav Manning , who afterwards became secretary of the German Football Association . Manning later helped John to integrate the Munich football clubs into the DFB . After his apprenticeship as a photographer in Jena John moved to Munich where he became a member of MTV 1879 Munich . When on 27 February 1900 the steering committee of MTV prohibited the football division of its club to join the association of southgerman football clubs -LRB- SFV -RRB- , eleven football players left the club under the lead of Franz John . In the restaurant Gisela they founded the Munich Football Club Bayern and elected Franz John for president . John also founded the council of Bavarian referees . Under his lead the club joined the SFV still in its first year and quickly became a force in the Munich football scene . In 1903 John left FC Bayern and was succeeded as president by the Dutch Willem Hesselink . John also left Munich in 1904 , moving back to Pankow , where he opened a photo laboratory and later became president of his home club VfB Pankow . Despite having few contacts to Munich John was in the 1920s elected as honorary president of the FC Bayern Munich and in 1936 he received the needle of honour in gold from the club . Grown lonely he died on 17 November 1952 in Pankow ; he had no descendants . Journalist Joachim Rechenberg later traced his lost grave to Fürstenwalde . When in 2000 the FC Bayern celebrated its 100th anniversary , the club recreated the grave and donated a new tombstone to commemorate the merits of Franz John . ", "FC Rastatt 04 is a German association football club from the city of Rastatt , Baden-Württemberg . It was established as Fußball-Klub Rastatt on 9 October 1904 at the Gasthaus zur Linde . A 1919 union with Fußball-Club Phoenix created Rastatt Fußballverein 04 , which merged with Frankonia 1912 Rastatt on 23 August 1939 to form FC Rastatt 04 . The club enjoyed its greatest success in the 1930s , 1940s , and early 1950s when it took part in top-flight regional competition in southwestern Germany . __ TOC __ ", "Ludwig Hofmeister -LRB- December 5 , 1887 -- October 3 , 1959 -RRB- was a German footballer . Category :1887 births Category :1959 deaths Category : German footballers Category : Germany international footballers Category : FC Bayern Munich footballers Category : Stuttgarter Kickers players Category : Association football goalkeepers ", "The München Rangers are an American football team from Munich -LRB- German : München -RRB- Germany . Th club had its most successful era between 1987 and 1991 when it played in the American Football-Bundesliga , now the German Football League and qualified for the play-offs just once , in 1990 . After more than two decades in regional football leagues the club made a return to the national leagues when it won promotion to the German Football League 2 , the second tier of league football in Germany , in 2014 . " ]

[ 0, 2, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "FC_Bayern_Munich", "Franz_John", "FC_Rastatt_04", "Ludwig_Hofmeister", "München_Rangers" ]

[ "Fußball-Club Bayern München e.V. , commonly known as FC Bayern München -LRB- -LSB- ʔɛf tseː ˈbaɪɐn ˈmʏnçn̩ -RSB- -RRB- , FCB , Bayern Munich , or FC Bayern , is a German sports club based in Munich , Bavaria -LRB- Bayern -RRB- , Germany . It is best known for its professional football team , which plays in the Bundesliga , the top tier of the German football league system , and is the most successful club in German football history , having won a record 27 national titles and 18 national cups . FC Bayern was founded in 1900 by 11 football players , led by Franz John . Although Bayern won its first national championship in 1932 , the club was not selected for the Bundesliga at its inception in 1963 . The club had its period of greatest success in the middle of the 1970s when , under the captaincy of Franz Beckenbauer , it won the European Cup three times in a row -LRB- 1974 -- 1976 -RRB- . Overall , Bayern has reached ten European Cup/UEFA Champions League finals , most recently winning their fifth title in 2013 as part of a continental treble . Bayern has also won one UEFA Cup , one European Cup Winners ' Cup , one UEFA Super Cup , one FIFA Club World Cup and two Intercontinental Cups , making it one of the most successful European clubs internationally . Since the formation of the Bundesliga , Bayern has been the dominant club in German football with 27 titles and has won 9 of the last 13 titles . They have traditional local rivalries with 1860 Munich and 1 . FC Nürnberg , as well as with Borussia Dortmund since the mid-1990s . Since the beginning of the 2005 -- 06 season , Bayern has played its home games at the Allianz Arena . Previously the team had played at Munich 's Olympiastadion for 33 years . The team colours are red and white , and the team crest shows the white and blue flag of Bavaria . In terms of revenue , Bayern Munich is the biggest sports club in Germany and the third biggest football club in the world , generating $ 488 million for the 2013 -- 14 season . As of November 2016 , Bayern has over 284,000 members . There are more than 4,000 officially-registered fan clubs with over 314,000 members . The club has other departments for chess , handball , basketball , gymnastics , bowling , table tennis and senior football with more than 1,100 active members . FC Bayern is ranked second in the current UEFA club coefficient rankings . ", "Franz Adolf Louis John -LRB- born 28 September 1872 in Pritzwalk , died 17 November 1952 in Berlin -RRB- was a German photographer . He was one of the initiators of the founding of FC Bayern Munich and its first president from 1900 to 1903 . He was born on 28 September 1872 in Pritzwalk -LRB- Brandenburg -RRB- , the son of Friedrich Wilhelm and Ida John . After moving with his parents to Pankow at the fringe of Berlin , he later joined the football club VfB Pankow . There he met Gustav Manning , who afterwards became secretary of the German Football Association . Manning later helped John to integrate the Munich football clubs into the DFB . After his apprenticeship as a photographer in Jena John moved to Munich where he became a member of MTV 1879 Munich . When on 27 February 1900 the steering committee of MTV prohibited the football division of its club to join the association of southgerman football clubs -LRB- SFV -RRB- , eleven football players left the club under the lead of Franz John . In the restaurant Gisela they founded the Munich Football Club Bayern and elected Franz John for president . John also founded the council of Bavarian referees . Under his lead the club joined the SFV still in its first year and quickly became a force in the Munich football scene . In 1903 John left FC Bayern and was succeeded as president by the Dutch Willem Hesselink . John also left Munich in 1904 , moving back to Pankow , where he opened a photo laboratory and later became president of his home club VfB Pankow . Despite having few contacts to Munich John was in the 1920s elected as honorary president of the FC Bayern Munich and in 1936 he received the needle of honour in gold from the club . Grown lonely he died on 17 November 1952 in Pankow ; he had no descendants . Journalist Joachim Rechenberg later traced his lost grave to Fürstenwalde . When in 2000 the FC Bayern celebrated its 100th anniversary , the club recreated the grave and donated a new tombstone to commemorate the merits of Franz John . ", "FC Rastatt 04 is a German association football club from the city of Rastatt , Baden-Württemberg . It was established as Fußball-Klub Rastatt on 9 October 1904 at the Gasthaus zur Linde . A 1919 union with Fußball-Club Phoenix created Rastatt Fußballverein 04 , which merged with Frankonia 1912 Rastatt on 23 August 1939 to form FC Rastatt 04 . The club enjoyed its greatest success in the 1930s , 1940s , and early 1950s when it took part in top-flight regional competition in southwestern Germany . __ TOC __ ", "Ludwig Hofmeister -LRB- December 5 , 1887 -- October 3 , 1959 -RRB- was a German footballer . Category :1887 births Category :1959 deaths Category : German footballers Category : Germany international footballers Category : FC Bayern Munich footballers Category : Stuttgarter Kickers players Category : Association football goalkeepers ", "The München Rangers are an American football team from Munich -LRB- German : München -RRB- Germany . Th club had its most successful era between 1987 and 1991 when it played in the American Football-Bundesliga , now the German Football League and qualified for the play-offs just once , in 1990 . After more than two decades in regional football leagues the club made a return to the national leagues when it won promotion to the German Football League 2 , the second tier of league football in Germany , in 2014 . " ]

[ 0, 2, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Washington_Monument", "National_Mall", "Washington_Cemetery_-LRB-Washington_Court_House,_Ohio-RRB-", "George_Davis_Monument", "Grant's_Tomb" ]

[ "The Washington Monument is an obelisk on the National Mall in Washington , D.C. , built to commemorate George Washington , once commander-in-chief of the Continental Army and the first President of the United States . Located almost due east of the Reflecting Pool and the Lincoln Memorial , the monument , made of marble , granite , and bluestone gneiss , is both the world 's tallest stone structure and the world 's tallest obelisk , standing 554 ft tall according to the National Geodetic Survey -LRB- measured 2013 -- 14 -RRB- or 555 ft tall according to the National Park Service -LRB- measured 1884 -RRB- . It is the tallest monumental column in the world if all are measured above their pedestrian entrances . Construction of the monument began in 1848 , and was halted from 1854 to 1877 due to a lack of funds , a struggle for control over the Washington National Monument Society , and the intervention of the American Civil War . Although the stone structure was completed in 1884 , internal ironwork , the knoll , and other finishing touches were not completed until 1888 . A difference in shading of the marble , visible approximately 150 ft or 27 % up , shows where construction was halted and later resumed with marble from a different source . The original design was by Robert Mills , but he did not include his proposed colonnade due to a lack of funds , proceeding only with a bare obelisk . Despite many proposals to embellish the obelisk , only its original flat top was altered to a pointed marble pyramidion , in 1884 . The cornerstone was laid on July 4 , 1848 ; the first stone was laid atop the unfinished stump on ; the capstone was set on ; the completed monument was dedicated on ; and officially opened . Upon completion , it became the world 's tallest structure , a title previously held by the Cologne Cathedral . The monument held this designation until 1889 , when the Eiffel Tower was completed in Paris , France . The monument was damaged during the 2011 Virginia earthquake and Hurricane Irene in the same year and remained closed to the public while the structure was assessed and repaired . After 32 months of repairs , the National Park Service and the Trust for the National Mall reopened the Washington Monument to visitors on . As of September 2016 , the monument has been closed indefinitely due to reliability issues with the current elevator system . On December 2 , 2016 , the National Park Service announced that the monument would be closed until 2019 in order to modernize the elevator . The $ 2 to 3 million project will correct the elevator 's ongoing mechanical , electrical and computer issues , which have shuttered the monument since August 17 . The National Park Service has also requested funding in its FY 2017 President 's Budget Request to construct a permanent screening facility for the Washington Monument . The Washington Monument is expected to re-open to visitors in 2019 . ", "The National Mall is a national park in downtown Washington , D.C. , the capital of the United States . The National Park Service -LRB- NPS -RRB- administers the National Mall , which is part of its National Mall and Memorial Parks unit . The term National Mall commonly includes areas that are officially part of West Potomac Park and Constitution Gardens to the west , and often is taken to refer to the entire area between the Lincoln Memorial and the United States Capitol , with the Washington Monument dividing the area slightly west of its midpoint . A smaller designation , sometimes referred to as the Mall proper , excludes both the Capitol grounds and the Washington Monument grounds , applying only to an area between them . The National Mall contains a number of museums and memorials and receives approximately 24 million visitors each year . ", "The Washington Cemetery is a historic rural cemetery on the outskirts of the city of Washington Court House in the southeastern part of the U.S. state of Ohio . Established in the mid-19th century , the cemetery was transformed from a typical cemetery into a masterpiece of design during its first several decades . It is the burial place of several prominent political figures , and elements of its design have caused it to be designated a historic site . ", "The George Davis Monument in Wilmington , North Carolina is a monument to George Davis in Wilmington , North Carolina erected by the United Daughters of the Confederacy . It was sculpted by Francis Herman Packer a native from Munich , Germany who worked out of New York . Funding for Mr. Packer 's travel to and from Wilmington was provided directly from James Sprunt . The casting of the monument was done by the Gorham Manufacturing Company in 1910 in Rhode Island . The casting was 8 feet tall bound bronze weighing in at 1,700 pounds . The cornerstone of the monument was laid on October 14 , 1909 during a ceremony of the Masonic . Within the cornerstone are some of the following items : A copy of the first number Carolina Churchman , dated October , 1909 , copy of commission of George Davis as Attorney General of the Confederate states , dated January 4 , 1864 , and many other items of historical interest . The base weighed in at five and a half tons and included gilded seals of both North Carolina and the Confederate states . Long encomiums were also utilized within the base to celebrate Davis 's virtues.The statue itself was unveiled on April 20 , 1911 to the chimes of the Delgado Band hired for the occasion for $ 25 . ", "Grant 's Tomb , now formally known as General Grant National Memorial , is the final resting place of Ulysses S. Grant -LRB- 1822 -- 1885 -RRB- , the 18th President of the United States , and his wife , Julia Dent Grant -LRB- 1826 -- 1902 -RRB- . Completed in 1897 , the tomb is located in Riverside Park in the Morningside Heights neighborhood of Upper Manhattan in New York City , across Riverside Drive from the monumental Riverside Church . It was placed under the management of the National Park Service in 1958 . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "Saturn_Award_for_Best_Fantasy_Film", "National_Film_Award_for_Best_Promotional_Film", "Los_Angeles_Film_Critics_Association_Award_for_Best_Screenplay", "Best_Director_Award_-LRB-Cannes_Film_Festival-RRB-", "National_Film_Award_for_Best_Non-Feature_Film_Narration_/_Voice_Over" ]

[ "The Saturn Award for Best Fantasy Film is an award presented to the best film in the fantasy genre by the Academy of Science Fiction , Fantasy & Horror Films . ", "The National Film Award for Best Promotional Film is one of the National Film Awards presented annually by the Directorate of Film Festivals , the organisation set up by Ministry of Information and Broadcasting , India . It is one of several awards presented for non-feature films and awarded with Rajat Kamal -LRB- Silver Lotus -RRB- . The award was instituted in 1967 , at 15th National Film Awards and awarded annually for short films produced in the year across the country , in all Indian languages . ", "The Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Screenplay is one of the annual film awards given by the Los Angeles Film Critics Association . ", "The Best Director Award -LRB- Prix de la mise en scène -RRB- is an annual award presented at the Cannes Film Festival for best directing achievements in a feature film screened as part of festival 's official selection -LRB- i.e. films selected for the competition program which compete for the festival 's main prize Palme d'Or -RRB- . Awarded by festival 's jury , it was first given in 1946 . The prize was not awarded on 12 occasions -LRB- 1947 , 1953 -- 54 , 1960 , 1962 -- 64 , 1971 , 1973 -- 74 , 1977 , 1980 -RRB- . In addition , the festival was not held at all in 1948 and 1950 , while in 1968 no awards were given as the festival was called off mid-way due to the May 1968 events in France . Also , the jury vote was tied and prize was shared by two directors on seven occasions -LRB- 1955 , 1969 , 1975 , 1983 , 2001 , 2002 and 2016 -RRB- . The winner of Best Director Award rarely wins the Palme d'Or , the main prize at the festival -LRB- note that the Palme d'Or is awarded to the film 's director as well ; the only exception is the case of Blue Is the Warmest Colour , where the actresses are also awarded with the director -RRB- . This happened only twice , in 1991 , when Joel Coen won both awards for Barton Fink , and in 2003 , when Gus Van Sant won for his film Elephant . ", "The National Film Award for Best Non-Feature Film Narration / Voice Over is one of the National Film Awards given by Directorate of Film Festivals , India . It is instituted in 2003 and awarded at 51st National Film Awards . Films made in any Indian language shot on 16 mm , 35 mm or in a wider gauge or digital format and released on either film format or video/digital but certified by the Central Board of Film Certification as a documentary/newsreel/fiction are eligible for non-feature film section . " ]

[ 0, 2, 0, 2, 0 ]

[ "Bill_Graham_Civic_Auditorium", "Auditorium_-LRB-Torrance_High_School-RRB-", "Imperial_Theatre,_Saint_John", "William_McBrien_Building", "Vern_Riffe_State_Office_Tower" ]

[ "The Bill Graham Civic Auditorium -LRB- formerly San Francisco Civic Auditorium -RRB- is a multi-purpose arena in San Francisco , California , named after promoter Bill Graham . The arena holds 7,000 people . It was designed by renowned Bay Area architect John Galen Howard and built in 1915 as part of the Panama -- Pacific International Exposition . The auditorium hosted the 1920 Democratic National Convention , National AAU boxing trials in 1948 , and it was the home of the San Francisco Warriors of the National Basketball Association from 1964 to 1967 . The World Cyber Games 2004 were held in the civic auditorium . In 1992 , the San Francisco Board of Supervisors voted to rename the San Francisco Civic Auditorium after the rock concert impresario Bill Graham , who had died the year before in a helicopter crash . The arena has hosted concerts by many famous artists , spanning many different genres . It is owned by the City of San Francisco and since 2010 has been operated by Another Planet Entertainment , generating about $ 100,000 in leasing revenue for the city annually . ", "The Auditorium , also known as the Assembly Hall , is a PWA Moderne style building located on the campus of Torrance High School in Torrance , Los Angeles County , California . When built in 1924 the building was a source of pride for Torrance , and was its first large meeting hall , preceding construction of a civic center . It was damaged in the 1933 Long Beach earthquake and was rebuilt as a New Deal project . It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983 . The Torrance High School Campus Thematic Resources study states that the auditorium is an outstanding example of PWA Moderne work . The Auditorium is one of four buildings on the campus of the Torrance High School listed on the NRHP , the other buildings are : Torrance School Main Building Home Economics Building ", "The Imperial Theatre , in Saint John , New Brunswick , was designed by Philadelphia architect Albert Westover and built in 1912 by the Imperial Theatre by the Keith-Albee-Orpheum Corporation vaudeville chain of New York City and their Canadian subsidiary , the Saint John Amusements Company Ltd. . It opened to the public on September 19 , 1913 . One of Canada 's first comedy troupes , The Dumbbells staged several of their first shows there . Many early stars of silent film had their films played in the Imperial , such as Charlie Chaplin , Buster Keaton , Fatty Arbuckle , Greta Garbo , and Harold Lloyd . The theatre was designed as a modern adaptation of the Italian Renaissance , and opened on September 19 , 1913 , and was used both for live vaudeville acts as well as `` talkies '' . In 1929 , it was renamed the Capitol Theatre , and like most vaudeville houses across the continent , became a cinema . From 1957-1982 the Imperial Theatre was used as a meeting space by the Full Gospel Assembly . In 1982 the Imperial was abandoned by the religious group . ", "William McBrien Building -LRB- formally known as the W. C. McBrien Building -RRB- is the administrative headquarters of the Toronto Transit Commission . Designed by Charles B. Dolphin -LRB- 1888-1969 -RRB- and opened in 1958 , the seven-storey building is located at 1900 Yonge Street above the Davisville subway station . The building is named for former TTC Chairman William C. McBrien who died in 1954 , shortly after the opening of the Yonge Subway . It replaced the old Toronto Board of Trade Building -LRB- built 1890 and demolished 1958 -RRB- at Yonge and Front Streets , the TTC 's first permanent home since 1921 . ", "The Vern Riffe State Office Tower is a 503-foot-tall -LRB- 153 m -RRB- skyscraper in Columbus , Ohio . It was completed in 1988 and has 32 floors . NBBJ designed the building , which is the fifth-tallest in Columbus , and has 102,192 m ² of floor area . An earlier concept for the site , also designed by NBBJ , would have included a site to the west of the present location , and would have effectively closed off South Wall Street north of West State Street . The building was named for Vernal G. Riffe , Jr , who served as Speaker of the Ohio House of Representatives from 1975 to 1994 . The complex also contains the 854-seat Capitol Theatre . The project was completed for $ 130 million . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "IPhone_4", "IOS_4", "IPhone", "IPhone_4S", "Apple_A4" ]

[ "The iPhone 4 is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc. . Following a number of notable leaks , the iPhone 4 was first unveiled on June 7 , 2010 , at Apple 's Worldwide Developers Conference in San Francisco , and was released on June 24 , 2010 , in the United States , United Kingdom , France , Germany and Japan . It is the 4th generation of iPhone , succeeding the 3GS and preceding the 4S . The iPhone 4 introduced a new hardware design to the iPhone family , which Apple 's CEO Steve Jobs touted as the thinnest smartphone in the world at the time ; it consisted of an uninsulated stainless steel frame which doubles as an antenna , with internal components situated between chemically strengthened aluminosilicate glass . The iPhone 4 also introduced Apple 's new high-resolution `` Retina Display '' ; while maintaining the same physical size and aspect ratio as its precursors , its liquid crystal display had a pixel density of 326 pixels per inch . The iPhone 4 also introduced Apple 's A4 system-on-chip , along with iOS 4 -- which notably introduced multitasking functionality and Apple 's new FaceTime video chat service . The iPhone 4 was also the first iPhone to include a front-facing camera , and the first to be released in a version for CDMA networks , ending AT&T 's period as the exclusive carrier of iPhone products in the United States . It was succeeded as Apple 's flagship smartphone in 2011 by the iPhone 4S . However , iPhone 4 continued to be produced until 2013 . The iPhone 4 received generally positive reception , with critics praising its revamped design and more powerful hardware in comparison to previous models . While it was a market success , with over 600,000 pre-orders within 24 hours , the release of the iPhone 4 was plagued by highly publicized reports that abnormalities in its new antenna design caused the device to lose its cellular signal if held in a certain way . Most human contact with the phone 's outer edge would cause a significant decrease in signal strength . The iPhone 4 spent the longest time as Apple 's flagship iPhone model at fifteen months , and had the longest lifespan of any iPhone ever produced , spanning close to four years and available in some developing countries until early 2015 . ", "iOS 4 is the fourth major release of the iOS mobile operating system designed by Apple Inc. , being the successor to iPhone OS 3 . It was released on June 21 , 2010 , and was the first major release to be renamed to simply `` iOS '' , and the first major release to drop support for some devices , as well as the first update that iPod Touch users did not have to pay for . iOS 4 was succeeded by iOS 5 , which was released on October 12 , 2011 . ", "7 / 7 Plus : -RCB- -RCB- | unitssold = 1 billion + | service = -RCB- -RCB- iPhone -LRB- -LSB- ˈaɪfoʊn -RSB- -RRB- is a line of smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc. . They run Apple 's iOS mobile operating system . The first generation iPhone was released on June 29 , 2007 , and there have been multiple new hardware iterations since . The user interface is built around the device 's multi-touch screen , including a virtual keyboard . The iPhone has Wi-Fi and can connect to cellular networks . An iPhone can shoot video -LRB- though this was not a standard feature until the iPhone 3GS -RRB- , take photos , play music , send and receive email , browse the web , send and receive text messages , follow GPS navigation , record notes , perform mathematical calculations , and receive visual voicemail . Other functionality , such as video games , reference works , and social networking , can be enabled by downloading mobile apps . , Apple 's App Store contained more than 2.2 million applications available for the iPhone . Apple has released ten generations of iPhone models , each accompanied by one of the ten major releases of the iOS operating system . The original 1st-generation iPhone was a GSM phone and established design precedents , such as a button placement that has persisted throughout all releases and a screen size maintained for the next four iterations . The iPhone 3G added 3G network support , and was followed by the 3GS with improved hardware , the 4 with a metal chassis , higher display resolution and front-facing camera , and the 4S with improved hardware and the voice assistant Siri . The iPhone 5 featured a taller , 4-inch display and Apple 's newly introduced Lightning connector . In 2013 , Apple released the 5S with improved hardware and a fingerprint reader , and the lower-cost 5C , a version of the 5 with colored plastic casings instead of metal . They were followed by the larger iPhone 6 , with models featuring 4.7 and 5.5-inch displays . The iPhone 6S was introduced the following year , which featured hardware upgrades and support for pressure-sensitive touch inputs , as well as the SE -- which featured hardware from the 6S but the smaller form factor of the 5S . In 2016 , Apple unveiled the iPhone 7 and 7 Plus , which add water resistance , improved system and graphics performance , a new rear dual-camera setup on the Plus model , and new color options , while removing the 3.5 mm headphone jack found on previous models . The original iPhone was described as `` revolutionary '' and a `` game-changer '' for the mobile phone industry . Newer iterations have also garnered praise , and the iPhone 's success has been credited with helping to make Apple one of the world 's most valuable publicly-traded companies . ", "The iPhone 4S -LRB- retroactively stylized with a lowercase 's ' as iPhone 4s as of September 2013 -RRB- is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc. . It is the fifth generation of the iPhone , succeeding the iPhone 4 and preceding the iPhone 5 . Announced on October 4 , 2011 at Apple 's Cupertino campus , its media coverage was accompanied by news of the death of former Apple CEO and co-founder Steve Jobs on the following day . Orders could be placed on October 7 , 2011 and mainstream availability in retail stores began on October 14 , 2011 in the United States , Australia , Canada , the United Kingdom , France , Germany , and Japan , sales peaked over its predecessor with more than a million sales in the first twenty-four hours of order availability and more than four million sales in the first four days of retail availability . Further worldwide rollout , including 22 additional countries on October 28 , came over the next several months . This iPhone was named `` 4S '' where `` S '' stood for Siri -LRB- Apple CEO Tim Cook confirmed that during the Q&A session at the D10 conference in May 2012 , -RRB- an iPhone 4S-exclusive intelligent personal assistant that was later included in future generations of mobile Apple products . Retaining the most of the external design of the iPhone 4 , the 4S hosted major internal upgrades , including an upgrade to the Apple A5 chipset , and an 8-megapixel camera with 1080p video recording . It debuted with iOS 5 , the fifth major version of iOS , Apple 's mobile operating system , that introduced features including iCloud , iMessage , Notification Center , Reminders , and Twitter integration . Reception to the was generally favorable . Reviewers noted Siri , the new camera , and processing speeds as significant advantages over the prior model . It was succeeded by the iPhone 5 as Apple 's flagship phone on September 12 , 2012 . The iPhone 4S remained in production , albeit being sold with reduced storage -LRB- from 16/32/64 GB down to 8 GB -RRB- . It was discontinued officially on September 9 , 2014 , following the announcement of the iPhone 6 , but is currently supported as of iOS 9 . During the course of its lifetime , the iPhone 4S is the best-selling iPhone ever produced and it is the first iPhone to support five major versions of iOS : iOS 5 , iOS 6 , iOS 7 , iOS 8 , and iOS 9 . The iPad 2 was supported from iOS 4 to iOS 9 . It is also the last iPhone to have the original 30 pin connector as it was replaced by the Lightning Connector when the iPhone 5 was released . ", "The Apple A4 is a 32-bit package on package -LRB- PoP -RRB- system-on-a-chip -LRB- SoC -RRB- designed by Apple Inc. and manufactured by Samsung . It combines an ARM Cortex-A8 CPU with a PowerVR GPU , and emphasizes power efficiency . The chip commercially debuted with the release of Apple 's iPad tablet ; followed shortly by the iPhone 4 smartphone , the iPod Touch -LRB- 4th generation -RRB- , and the Apple TV -LRB- 2nd generation -RRB- . It was superseded by the Apple A5 processor used in the iPad 2 released the following year , which was then subsequently replaced by the Apple A5X processor in the iPad -LRB- 3rd generation -RRB- . " ]

[ 1, 0, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Grand_Duchess_Anastasia_Mikhailovna_of_Russia", "Maryse_Wolinski", "Sara_Copia_Sullam", "Hebe_-LRB-mythology-RRB-", "Raquel_Señoret" ]

[ "Grand Duchess Anastasia Mikhailovna of Russia -LRB- Анастасия Михайловна 28 July 1860 -- 11 March 1922 -RRB- was a daughter of Grand Duke Michael Nicolaievich of Russia and a granddaughter of Tsar Nicholas I of Russia . She was raised in the Caucasus , where she lived between 1862 and 1878 with her family . In 1879 she married Friedrich Franz III of Mecklenburg-Schwerin , who in 1883 became the reigning Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin . The couple had three children , but her husband was plagued by ill health and they spent most of the year living abroad . The Grand Duchess never became used to her new country where she was unpopular . After the death of her husband in 1897 , her visits to Schwerin were sparse . A strong-willed , independent and unconventional woman , she caused a royal scandal when in 1902 she had a child fathered by her personal secretary . In her widowhood , she lived most of the year in the South of France . During World War I , she decided to settle in neutral Switzerland , living in Lausanne . She died after a stroke a few years later . ", "Maryse Wolinski -LRB- born in Algiers on 3 May 1943 -RRB- is a French writer and journalist . She was the wife of cartoonist Georges Wolinski who died on 7 January 2015 during the Charlie Hebdo shooting in Paris . Born in Algiers , she spent her childhood in Paris and South East and at age 20 studied journalism . Her debut job was as a society writer in Sud-Ouest and later on Le Journal du Dimanche where she met her future husband cartoonist Georges Wolinski . They had three children . She also worked as a freelancer in a number of publications like F Magazine , Elle , du Généraliste -LRB- specialized medical magazine -RRB- , and wrote frequently in Monde-Dimanche , a supplement of Monde quotidien . She wrote Une Histoire des femmes and her book La Divine Sieste de papa was adapted for television by director Alain Nahum . She also wrote songs sung by Carlos , Bernadette Lafont and Sarah Mesguish , broadcast during a Christmas programme on France 3 in 1986 . She later on included them in a special publication that won best award for youth readers . She subsequently published other books destined to younger audiences and continued writing song lyrics that were sung by Catherine Bériane and Canadian Diane Tell . She wrote a number of novels , like Au Diable Vauvert , Le Maître d'amour and La femme qui aimait les hommes , a best seller . She also published pocketbook novels Graines de Femmes , La Tragédie du Bonheur and La Chambre d'amour and a number of scenarios for television series most notably on TF1 called Protection rapprochée . ", "Sara Copia Sullam -LRB- 1592 -- 1641 -RRB- was an Italian poet and writer who lived in Italy in the late 16th and early 17th centuries . She was Jewish and very well educated . Despite being married , for many years she had what appears to have been an extremely close relationship , by correspondence only , with a writer , Ansaldo Cebà , whom she admired but whom she never actually met . He was a Christian , and at that point in his life he had become a monk . He appears to have fallen in love with Sara , and constantly urged her to convert to Christianity , but she resisted . In 1621 , Sara was accused of a serious crime of belief , a heresy , and was in danger of trial by Inquisition . She received almost no support from many of her friends , including Cebà . She died of natural causes in 1641 . Of her writings , a number of her sonnets and her Manifesto -LRB- a response to the accusation of heresy -RRB- are all that have survived to the present day . ", "Hebe -LRB- -LSB- ˈhiːbi -RSB- Ἥβη -RRB- in ancient Greek religion , is the goddess of youth -LRB- Roman equivalent : Juventas -RRB- . She is the daughter of Zeus and Hera . Hebe was the cupbearer for the gods and goddesses of Mount Olympus , serving their nectar and ambrosia , until she was married to Heracles -LRB- Roman equivalent : Hercules -RRB- ; her successor was the divine hero Ganymede . Another title of hers , for this reason , is Ganymeda . She also drew baths for her brother Ares and helped Hera enter her chariot . Hebe was supposed to have the power to give eternal youth , and in art is typically seen with her father in the guise of an eagle , often offering a cup to him . This depiction is seen in classical engraved gems as well as later art and seems to relate to a belief that the eagle -LRB- like the phoenix -RRB- had the ability to renew itself to a youthful state . ", "Raquel Señoret -LRB- October 10 , 1922 -- November 27 , 1990 -RRB- was a Chilean poet . She was the youngest daughter of the Chilean ambassador to London . On 8 June 1940 , aged seventeen , she married John Watney . His first published book , Sunstroke , is dedicated to her . Even at that young age , she was writing poetry . She considered her poems her most precious possessions and kept them stored in a hat-box for easy evacuation should the house be bombed . The marriage did not last and they were divorced on 18 June 1945 . She returned to Chile on 4 July 1945 . They had no children . They remained friends and corresponded with each other until her death in 1990 . Their time together in 1940 is described in Watney 's book He Also Served -LRB- Hamish Hamilton , 1971 , SBN 241 02011 5 -RRB- . Senoret wrote cantos with verses of three long lines each . Her most important work is Anagogias -LRB- Ediciones Documentas , Guayaquil , 1988 -RRB- , an anthology of three separate works , each consisting of a dozen or more cantos : El Infinito y su Reflejo -LRB- The Infinite and its Reflex -RRB- , El Sortilegio de la Imaginacion -LRB- The Sortilege of Imagination -RRB- , and Presencia en el Tiempo -LRB- Presence of Time -RRB- . She had three children : Lucas , Javier and Paula . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Java", "Laguna_Poco_Sol", "Mount_Hood", "Waimangu_Volcanic_Rift_Valley", "Tiga_Island,_Malaysia" ]

[ "Java -LRB- Indonesian : Jawa ; Javanese : ꦗꦮ ; Sundanese : -RRB- is an island of Indonesia . With a population of over 141 million -LRB- the island itself -RRB- or 145 million -LRB- the administrative region -RRB- Census released in December 2015 , Java is home to 56.7 percent of the Indonesian population and is the most populous island on Earth . The Indonesian capital city , Jakarta , is located on western Java . Much of Indonesian history took place on Java . It was the center of powerful Hindu-Buddhist empires , the Islamic sultanates , and the core of the colonial Dutch East Indies . Java was also the center of the Indonesian struggle for independence during the 1930s and 1940s . Java dominates Indonesia politically , economically and culturally . Formed mostly as the result of volcanic eruptions , Java is the 13th largest island in the world and the fifth largest in Indonesia . A chain of volcanic mountains forms an east -- west spine along the island . Three main languages are spoken on the island : Javanese , Sundanese , and Madurese . Of these , Javanese is the dominant ; it is the native language of about 60 million people in Indonesia , most of whom live on Java . Furthermore , most residents are bilingual , speaking Indonesian -LRB- the official language of Indonesia -RRB- as their first or second language . While the majority of the people of Java are Muslim , Java has a diverse mixture of religious beliefs , ethnicities , and cultures . Java is divided into four provinces , West Java , Central Java , East Java , and Banten , and two special regions , Jakarta and Yogyakarta . ", "Laguna Poco Sol is a volcanic lake in Costa Rica , in the Cordillera de Tilarán . The lake lies at an altitude of 789 m . It lies in a 200 m wide depression . The depth of the lake is about 11.5 m. Other volcanic features in the area include breccia , lahar deposits , lava flows and tuffs . The lake may be a landslide scar , or a crater left by a phreatic explosion . It is of probable Pleistocene age . It is constructed within the andesitic Monteverde Formation , which was erupted between 2.1 and 1 million years ago . Hot springs , mud pots and deposits of sulfur are found both at the lake and near the Río Penas Blancas . The area has been investigated for the possibility of obtaining geothermal energy from it . The geothermal activity may be the source of the name Pocosol . The active volcano Arenal lies north-northwest of Laguna Poco Sol . Arenal along with Cerro Chato between Arenal and Laguna Poco Sol and Cerro Pocosol south of Laguna Poco Sol may be located along a zone of tectonic weakness that was accompanied by northeast-migrating volcanism . ", "Mount Hood , called Wy'east by the Multnomah tribe , is a potentially active stratovolcano in the Cascade Volcanic Arc of northern Oregon . It was formed by a subduction zone on the Pacific coast and rests in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States . It is located about 50 mi east-southeast of Portland , on the border between Clackamas and Hood River counties . In addition to being Oregon 's highest mountain , it is one of the loftiest mountains in the nation based on its prominence . The height assigned to Mount Hood 's snow-covered peak has varied over its history . Modern sources point to three different heights : 11249 ft , a 1991 adjustment of a 1986 measurement by the U.S. National Geodetic Survey -LRB- NGS -RRB- , 11240 ft based on a 1993 scientific expedition , and 11239 ft of slightly older origin . The peak is home to 12 named glaciers and snowfields . It is the highest point in Oregon and the fourth highest in the Cascade Range . Mount Hood is considered the Oregon volcano most likely to erupt , though based on its history , an explosive eruption is unlikely . Still , the odds of an eruption in the next 30 years are estimated at between 3 and 7 percent , so the U.S. Geological Survey -LRB- USGS -RRB- characterizes it as `` potentially active '' , but the mountain is informally considered dormant . ", "Waimangu Volcanic Rift Valley is the hydrothermal system created on 10 June 1886 by the volcanic eruption of Mount Tarawera , on the North Island of New Zealand . It encompasses Lake Rotomahana , the former site of the Pink and White Terraces , as well as the location of the Waimangu Geyser , which was active from 1900 to 1904 . The area has been increasingly accessible as a tourist attraction and contains Frying Pan Lake , which is the largest hot spring in the world , and the steaming and usually pale blue Inferno Crater Lake , the largest geyser-like feature in the world although the geyser itself can not be seen since it plays at the bottom of the lake . Waimangu means ` black water ' in Māori , the indigenous language of New Zealand . This name comes from the water that was thrown up by the Waimangu Geyser , which was black with mud and rocks . From the 1890s onwards , the valley has gradually been re-populated naturally by plants ranging from hot water-loving algae and bacteria to mosses and many species of native ferns , shrubs and trees . These in turn support native birdlife including kereru , tui , fantail , bellbird , and pukeko , as well as introduced bird species such as mynah , magpie , shining cuckoo , finch and sparrow . A population of black swan thrives in the lower parts of the valley and on Lake Rotomahana . According to local guides , these have been introduced to the region from Western Australia by George Edward Grey in the 19th century along with wallaby . As a rare eco-system completely naturally re-established following a volcanic eruption , Waimangu is protected as a Scenic Reserve , administered by the Department of Conservation NZ . The developing local native forest is the only current New Zealand instance of vegetation re-establishing from complete devastation without any human influence such as planting . Many of Waimangu 's geothermal features are ranked as Category A - extremely important , of international significance . ", "Tiga Island -LRB- Pulau Tiga -RRB- is one of a group of small uninhabited islands in Kimanis Bay off the western coast of Sabah , Malaysia . The islands were formed on 21 September 1897 , when an earthquake on Mindanao caused a volcanic eruption near Borneo . The island is 607 ha in size and has a couple of active mud volcanos at the highest part of the island . Tiga Island is one of the three islands that make up Tiga Island National Park . The Park Headquarters are on the island , comprising an office complex , and accommodation for the park staff and visiting scientists . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Yin_and_yang", "Empress_Yin", "Wen_and_wu", "Yinchuan", "Lower_Yangtze_Mandarin" ]

[ "In Chinese philosophy , yin and yang -LRB- also yin -- yang or yin yang , yīnyáng `` dark -- bright '' -RRB- describe how seemingly opposite or contrary forces may actually be complementary , interconnected , and interdependent in the natural world , and how they may give rise to each other as they interrelate to one another . Many tangible dualities -LRB- such as light and dark , fire and water , expanding and contracting -RRB- are thought of as physical manifestations of the duality symbolized by yin and yang . This duality lies at the origins of many branches of classical Chinese science and philosophy , as well as being a primary guideline of traditional Chinese medicine , and a central principle of different forms of Chinese martial arts and exercise , such as baguazhang , taijiquan -LRB- t ` ai chi -RRB- , and qigong -LRB- Chi Kung -RRB- , as well as appearing in the pages of the I Ching . Duality is found in many belief systems , but Yin and Yang are parts of a Oneness that is also equated with the Tao . A term has been coined dualistic-monism or dialectical monism . Yin and yang can be thought of as complementary -LRB- rather than opposing -RRB- forces that interact to form a dynamic system in which the whole is greater than the assembled parts . Everything has both yin and yang aspects -LRB- for instance , shadow can not exist without light -RRB- . Either of the two major aspects may manifest more strongly in a particular object , depending on the criterion of the observation . The yin yang -LRB- i.e. taijitu symbol -RRB- shows a balance between two opposites with a portion of the opposite element in each section . In Taoist metaphysics , distinctions between good and bad , along with other dichotomous moral judgments , are perceptual , not real ; so , the duality of yin and yang is an indivisible whole . In the ethics of Confucianism on the other hand , most notably in the philosophy of Dong Zhongshu -LRB- 2nd century BC -RRB- , a moral dimension is attached to the idea of yin and yang . ", "Empress Yin may mean or refer to : Empress Yin Lihua -LRB- 5 -- 64 -RRB- , wife of Emperor Guangwu of Han Empress Yin -LRB- He -RRB- -LRB- died 102 -RRB- , wife of Emperor He of Han Empress Yin Yuying -LRB- died 453 -RRB- , wife of Liu Shao of Liu Song Lady Yin , first wife of Emperor Taizong of Song , posthumously honored an empress Yin ", "Wén 文 and wǔ 武 - a conceptual pair in Chinese philosophy and political culture describing opposition and complementarity of civil ① and military ② realms of government . Differentiation between wen and wu was engaged in discussions on criminal punishment , administrative control , creation and reproduction of social order , education and moral transformation . The concept was formed during the Chunqiu and Warring States periods , and best articulated in the 3rd or 2nd century BCE . However , until recently it was not much discussed by the Western scholars because of ① their aberrated perception of the importance of Confucianism in the pre-imperial and early imperial era , and ② their understanding of Confucianism as pacifist in its nature . An example of the last is provided by John K. Fairbank : `` Warfare was disesteemed in Confucianism ... The resort to warfare -LRB- wu -RRB- was an admission of bankruptcy in the pursuit of wen -LSB- civility or culture -RSB- . Consequently , it should be a last resort ... Herein lies the pacifist bias of the Chinese tradition ... Expansion through wen ... was natural and proper ; whereas expansion by wu , brute force and conquest , was never to be condoned . '' ", "Yinchuan is the capital of the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region , China , and former capital of the Western Xia Empire of the Tanguts . It has an area of 4467 sqkm and a total population of 1.99 million . Its built up area is home to 1,290,170 inhabitants spread on three urban districts . The name of the city literally means `` silver river '' . Thanks to the Yellow River , Yinchuan enjoys beautiful natural scenery and favorable conditions for agriculture and has long earned the fame of a `` River Side City in the Northwest '' and `` Home to Fishes and Rice '' . Yinchuan is now the permanent site for China-Arab Expo which is an international platform for cultural and economic exchanges between China and Arab countries . ", "Lower Yangtze Mandarin is one of the most divergent and least mutually intellegible groups of Mandarin dialects , as it neighbors the Wu , Hui , and Gan groups of Chinese varieties . It is also known as Jiang -- Huai Mandarin , after the Yangtze -LRB- Jiang -RRB- and Huai Rivers . Lower Yangtze dialects are distinguished from most other Mandarin varieties by their retention of a final glottal stop in words that ended in a final stop in Middle Chinese . The official court koine language , particularly in the Ming dynasty period , was based on Lower Yangtze dialect . Later on the official language became based on the Beijing dialect . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Pocahontas", "Powhatan_-LRB-Native_American_leader-RRB-", "Pocahontas,_Missouri", "Savages_-LRB-Pocahontas_song-RRB-", "John_Rolfe" ]

[ "Pocahontas -LRB- born Matoaka , known as Amonute , 1596 -- 1617 -RRB- was a Native American woman notable for her association with the colonial settlement at Jamestown , Virginia . Pocahontas was the daughter of Powhatan , the paramount chief of a network of tributary tribal nations in the Tsenacommacah , encompassing the Tidewater region of Virginia . In a well-known historical anecdote , she is said to have saved the life of a captive of the Native Americans , the Englishman John Smith , in 1607 by placing her head upon his own when her father raised his war club to execute him . Some historians have suggested that this story , as told by Smith , is untrue . Pocahontas was captured by the English during Anglo-Indian hostilities in 1613 , and held for ransom . During her captivity , she converted to Christianity and took the name Rebecca . When the opportunity arose for her to return to her people , she chose to remain with the English . In April 1614 , she married tobacco planter John Rolfe , and in January 1615 , bore their son , Thomas Rolfe . In 1616 , the Rolfes traveled to London . Pocahontas was presented to English society as an example of the `` civilized savage '' in hopes of stimulating investment in the Jamestown settlement . She became something of a celebrity , was elegantly fêted , and attended a masque at Whitehall Palace . In 1617 , the Rolfes set sail for Virginia , but Pocahontas died at Gravesend of unknown causes . She was buried in a church in Gravesend in the United Kingdom , but the exact location of her grave is unknown . Numerous places , landmarks , and products in the United States have been named after Pocahontas . Her story has been romanticized over the years , and she is a subject of art , literature , and film . Many famous people have claimed to be among her descendants through her son Thomas , including members of the First Families of Virginia , First Lady Edith Wilson , American Western actor Glenn Strange , and astronomer Percival Lowell . ", "Powhatan -LRB- June 17 , 1545 -- April 1618 -RRB- , whose proper name was Wahunsenacawh -LRB- alternately spelled Wahunsenacah , Wahunsunacock or Wahunsonacock -RRB- , was the paramount chief of Tsenacommacah , an alliance of Algonquian-speaking Virginia Indians in the Tidewater region of Virginia at the time English settlers landed at Jamestown in 1607 . Powhatan , alternately called `` King '' or `` Chief '' Powahatan by the English , led the main political and military power facing the early colonists , was probably the older brother of Opechancanough , who led attacks against the English in 1622 and 1644 . He was the father of Pocahontas , who eventually converted to Christianity and married the English settler John Rolfe . ", "Pocahontas is a village in Cape Girardeau County , Missouri , United States . The population was 114 at the 2010 census . It is part of the Cape Girardeau -- Jackson , MO-IL Metropolitan Statistical Area . ", "`` Savages '' is a song from the 1995 Disney animated film Pocahontas . It addresses themes of othering , xenophobia , and genocide . The song has been negatively received by critics , with some deeming it to be racist , arguing that it encourages the listener to dehumanise Native Americans . ", "John Rolfe -LRB- 1585 -- 1622 -RRB- was one of the early English settlers of North America . He is credited with the first successful cultivation of tobacco as an export crop in the Colony of Virginia and is known as the husband of Pocahontas , daughter of the chief of the Powhatan . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Aristocracy", "Arbitrista", "Asín_-LRB-surname-RRB-", "Revolution_from_above", "Marquis_of_Feria" ]

[ "Aristocracy -LRB- Greek ἀριστοκρατία aristokratía , from ἄριστος aristos `` excellent , '' and κράτος kratos `` power '' -RRB- is a form of government that places power in the hands of a small , privileged ruling class . The term derives from the Greek aristokratia , meaning `` rule of the best '' . At the time of the word 's origins in Ancient Greece , the Greeks conceived it as rule by the best qualified citizens -- and often contrasted it favourably with monarchy , rule by an individual . In later times , aristocracy was usually seen as rule by a privileged group , the aristocratic class , and was contrasted with democracy . ", "The arbitristas -- a Spanish word meaning `` projectors '' -- were a group of reformers in 17th century Spain . The arbitristas were concerned about the decline of the economy of Spain and proposed a number of measures to reverse it . From John H. Elliott 's Imperial Spain : The arbitristas proposed that Government expenditure should be slashed , that the tax-system in Castile should be overhauled , and the other kingdoms of the Monarchy be called upon to contribute more to the royal exchequer ; that immigrants should be encouraged to re-populate Castile ; that fields should be irrigated , rivers be made navigable , and agriculture and industry be protected and fostered . Some arbitristas argued that the large quantities of silver and gold arriving from the mines in Spain 's American colonies was doing great damage to the Spanish economy . The Spanish valido Count-Duke of Olivares was strongly influenced by the arbitristas . People like the writer Francisco de Quevedo dismissed the arbitristas with ridicule by satirising their more outlandish schemes . This attitude is still present in the colloquial meaning of the word . ", "Asín is a surname originating from Aragon , Spain . The Asín lineage of infanzones derives from the village of Asín de Broto , attested from the reigns of Pedro II and Jaime I -LRB- 13th century -RRB- , members of lower nobility from the reign of Pedro IV -LRB- 14th century -RRB- . People with the name Asín : Miguel Asín Palacios Fernando de Andrés Asín Alfredo Quíspez Asín ", "A revolution from above refers to major political and social changes that are imposed by an elite on the population it dominates . It usually occurs in urban areas in the capital city . By contrast , the plain term revolution suggests that pressure from below is a major driving force in events , even if other social groups cooperate with -- or ultimately capture -- the movement . The phrase was coined by the Spanish writer Joaquín Costa in the 19th century . In contrast , a `` revolution from below '' refers to a grassroots campaign against elites . ", "Marquis of Feria -LRB- Marqués de Feria is a Spanish title of nobility created in 1704 by King Philip V of Spain for the Maestre de Campo Francisco Félix de Vega y Cruzat , for the services he rendered while in the military , especially while in Naples . Francisco Félix de Vega y Cruzat started his military career as a simple soldier and rose in the ranks through his actions in battle to become a cavalry captain . His career took him to lieutenant maestre de campo , General in Naples , Governor of Pescara , and Maestre de Campo in Capua . Finally , he was named Governor of the Cartle of Barletta . The title is toponymic in reference to the ancient location of `` La Feria '' in the Kingdom of Navarre , near Tafalla and Olite . In Tafalla , the ancient palace of the Marquesses of Feria still remains . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 1, 1 ]

[ "History_of_Scandinavia", "Scandinavia", "Greenland", "Danish_language", "Akureyri" ]

[ "The history of Scandinavia is the history of the region of northern Europe comprising Denmark , Norway , and Sweden . Finland and Iceland are at times considered part of Scandinavia . ", "Scandinavia -LSB- ˌskændɪˈneɪviə -RSB- is a historical and cultural region in Northern Europe characterized by a common ethnocultural North Germanic heritage and mutually intelligible North Germanic languages . The term Scandinavia always includes the three kingdoms of Denmark , Norway , and Sweden . The remote Norwegian islands of Svalbard and Jan Mayen are usually not seen as a part of Scandinavia , nor is Greenland , an overseas territory of Denmark . However , the Faroe Islands , also a Danish overseas territory , are sometimes included , as sometimes are Iceland , Finland , and the Finnish autonomous region of the Åland Islands , because of their historical association with the Scandinavian countries and the Scandinavian peoples and languages . This looser definition almost equates to that of the Nordic countries . In Nordic languages , only Denmark , Norway and Sweden are commonly included in the definition of Scandinavia . In English usage , Scandinavia sometimes refers to the geographical area , also known as the Scandinavian Peninsula . The name Scandinavia originally referred vaguely to the formerly Danish , now Swedish , region Scania . The terms Scandinavia and Scandinavian entered usage in the late 18th century as terms for Denmark , Norway and Sweden , their Germanic majority peoples and associated language and culture , the term being introduced by the early linguistic and cultural Scandinavist movement . The majority of the population of Scandinavia are descended from several -LRB- North -RRB- Germanic tribes who originally inhabited the southern part of Scandinavia and spoke a Germanic language that evolved into Old Norse . Icelanders and the Faroese are to a significant extent descended from the Norse , and are therefore often seen as Scandinavian . Finland is mainly populated by Finns , with a minority of approximately 5 % of Swedish speakers . A small minority of Sami people live in the extreme north of Scandinavia . The Danish , Norwegian and Swedish languages form a dialect continuum and are known as the Scandinavian languages -- all of which are considered mutually intelligible with one another . Faroese and Icelandic , sometimes referred to as insular Scandinavian languages , are intelligible in continental Scandinavian languages only to a limited extent . Finnish and Meänkieli are closely related to each other and more distantly to the Sami languages , but are entirely unrelated to the Scandinavian languages . Apart from these , German , Yiddish and Romani are recognized minority languages in Scandinavia . The southern and by far most populous regions of Scandinavia have a temperate climate . Scandinavia extends north of the Arctic Circle , but has relatively mild weather for its latitude due to the Gulf Stream . Much of the Scandinavian mountains have an alpine tundra climate . There are many lakes and moraines , legacies of the last glacial period , which ended about ten millennia ago . ", "Greenland -LRB- -LSB- ˈɡriːnlənd -RSB- Kalaallit Nunaat -LSB- kaˈlaːɬit ˈnunaːt -RSB- Grønland -LSB- ˈɡ̊ʁɶnˌlanˀ -RSB- -RRB- is an autonomous constituent country within the Kingdom of Denmark between the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans , east of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago . Though physiographically a part of the continent of North America , Greenland has been politically and culturally associated with Europe -LRB- specifically Norway and Denmark , the colonial powers , as well as the nearby island of Iceland -RRB- for more than a millennium . The majority of its residents are Inuit , whose ancestors began migrating from the Canadian mainland in the 13th century , gradually settling across the island . Greenland is the world 's largest island -LRB- Australia , although larger , is generally considered to be a continental landmass rather than an island -RRB- . Three-quarters of Greenland is covered by the only permanent ice sheet outside Antarctica . With a population of about 56,480 -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , it is the least densely populated country in the world . The Arctic Umiaq Line ferry acts as a lifeline for western Greenland , connecting the various cities and settlements . Greenland has been inhabited off and on for at least the last 4,500 years by Arctic peoples whose forebears migrated there from what is now Canada . Norsemen settled the uninhabited southern part of Greenland beginning in the 10th century , and Inuit peoples arrived in the 13th century . The Norse colonies disappeared in the late 15th century . Soon after their demise , beginning in 1499 , the Portuguese briefly explored and claimed the island , naming it Terra do Lavrador -LRB- later applied to Labrador in Canada -RRB- . In the early 18th century , Scandinavian explorers reached Greenland again . To strengthen trading and power , Denmark-Norway affirmed sovereignty over the island . Denmark -- Norway claimed Greenland for centuries . Greenland was settled by Vikings -LRB- of Norwegian origin -RRB- more than a thousand years ago , who had previously settled Iceland to escape persecution from the King of Norway and his central government . Vikings set sail from Greenland and Iceland , encountering North America nearly 500 years before Columbus reached the Caribbean islands . They attempted to colonize land . Though under continuous influence of Norway and Norwegians , Greenland was not formally under the Norwegian crown until 1262 . The Kingdom of Norway was extensive and a military power until the mid-14th century . Norway was dramatically hit with a larger death toll than Denmark by the Black Death , forcing Norway to accept a union in which the central government , university and other fundamental institutions were located in Copenhagen . Thus , the two kingdoms ' resources were directed at creating Copenhagen . Norway became the weaker part and lost sovereignty over Greenland in 1814 when the union was dissolved . Greenland became a Danish colony in 1814 , and was made a part of the Danish Realm in 1953 under the Constitution of Denmark . In 1973 , Greenland joined the European Economic Community with Denmark . However , in a referendum in 1982 , a majority of the population voted for Greenland to withdraw from the EEC which was effected in 1985 . Greenland contains the world 's largest and most northernly national park , Northeast Greenland National Park -LRB- Kalaallit Nunaanni nuna eqqissisimatitaq -RRB- . Established in 1974 and expanded to its present size in 1988 , it protects 972001 km2 of the interior and northeastern coast of Greenland and is bigger than all but twenty-nine countries in the world . Greenland is divided into four municipalities - Sermersooq , Kujalleq , Qaasuitsup , and Qeqqata . In 1979 , Denmark had granted home rule to Greenland , and in 2008 , Greenlanders voted in favour of the Self-Government Act , which transferred more power from the Danish royal government to the local Greenlandic government . Under the new structure , in effect since 21 June 2009 , Greenland can gradually assume responsibility for policing , judicial system , company law , accounting , and auditing ; mineral resource activities ; aviation ; law of legal capacity , family law and succession law ; aliens and border controls ; the working environment ; and financial regulation and supervision , while the Danish government retains control of foreign affairs and defence . It also retains control of monetary policy , providing an initial annual subsidy of DKK 3.4 billion , which is planned to diminish gradually over time . Greenland expects to grow its economy based on increased income from the extraction of natural resources . The capital , Nuuk , held the 2016 Arctic Winter Games . At 70 % , Greenland has one of the highest shares of renewable energy in the world , mostly coming from hydropower . ", "Danish -LSB- ˈdeɪnᵻʃ -RSB- -LRB- dansk -LSB- ˈd̥anˀsɡ̊ -RSB- ; dansk sprog , -LSB- ˈd̥anˀsɡ̊ ˈsb̥ʁɔʊ̯ˀ -RSB- -RRB- is a North Germanic language spoken by around six million people , principally in Denmark and in the region of Southern Schleswig in northern Germany , where it has minority language status . There are also minor Danish-speaking communities in Norway , Sweden , Spain , the United States , Canada , Brazil and Argentina . Due to immigration and language shift in urban areas , around 15 -- 20 % of the population of Greenland speak Danish as their home language . Along with the other North Germanic languages , Danish is a descendant of Old Norse , the common language of the Germanic peoples that lived in Scandinavia during the Viking Era . Danish , together with Swedish , derives from the East Norse dialect group , while the Middle Norwegian language before the influence of Danish and Norwegian Bokmål are classified as West Norse along with Faroese and Icelandic . A more recent classification based on mutual intelligibility separates modern spoken Danish , Norwegian and Swedish as Mainland Scandinavian while Icelandic and Faroese are classified as Insular Scandinavian . Until the 16th century , Danish was a continuum of dialects spoken from Schleswig to Scania with no standard variety or spelling conventions . With the Protestant Reformation and the introduction of printing , a standard language was developed which was based on the educated Copenhagen dialect . It spread through use in the education system and administration though German and Latin continued to be the most important written languages well into the 17th century . Following the loss of territory to Germany and Sweden , a nationalist movement adopted the language as a token of Danish identity , and the language experienced a strong surge in use and popularity with major works of literature produced in the 18th and 19th centuries . Today , traditional Danish dialects have all but disappeared , though there are regional variants of the standard language . The main differences in language are between generations , with youth language being particularly innovative . Danish has a very large vowel inventory comprising 27 phonemically distinctive vowels , and its prosody is characterized by the distinctive phenomenon stød , a kind of laryngeal phonation type . Due to the many pronunciation differences that set apart Danish from its neighboring languages , particularly the vowels , difficult prosody and `` weakly '' pronounced consonants , it is sometimes considered to be a difficult language to learn and understand , and there is some evidence that small children are slower to acquire the phonological distinctions of Danish . The grammar is moderately inflective with strong -LRB- irregular -RRB- and weak -LRB- regular -RRB- conjugations and inflections . Nouns and demonstrative pronouns distinguish common and neutral gender . As in English , Danish only has remnants of a former case system , particularly in the pronouns , and it has lost all person marking on verbs . Its syntax is V2 , with the finite verb always occupying the second slot in the sentence . ", "Akureyri -LSB- ˈaːkʰʏrˌeiːrɪ -RSB- is a small city in northern Iceland . It is Iceland 's second largest urban area -LRB- after the Capital Region -RRB- and fourth largest municipality -LRB- after Reykjavík , Hafnarfjörður , and Kópavogur -RRB- . Nicknamed the Capital of North Iceland , Akureyri is an important port and fishing centre . The area where Akureyri is located was settled in the 9th century but did not receive a municipal charter until 1786 . The town was the site of Allied units during World War II . Further growth occurred after the war as the Icelandic population increasingly moved to urban areas . The area has a relatively mild climate due to geographical factors , and the town 's ice-free harbour has played a significant role in its history . " ]

[ 0, 0, 2, 0, 0 ]

[ "Lois_Lane", "Memory_Lane", "Superman_-LRB-serial-RRB-", "Joseph_Lane_-LRB-disambiguation-RRB-", "Lola_Yoʻldosheva" ]

[ "Lois Lane is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics , commonly in association with the superhero Superman . Created by writer Jerry Siegel and artist Joe Shuster , she first appeared in Action Comics # 1 -LRB- June 1938 -RRB- . Lois is a reporter for the Metropolis newspaper , the Daily Planet , an award-winning journalist and the primary love interest of Superman . Her physical appearance was originally based on Joanne Carter , a model hired by Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster , and Siegel 's future wife . For her character , Siegel was inspired by actress Glenda Farrell , the movie star who portrayed Torchy Blane -- a gutsy , beautiful headline-hunting reporter , starring in a series of 1930s films . Siegel took her name from actress Lola Lane . She was also influenced by the real-life journalist Nellie Bly . Depictions of the character have varied spanning the comics and other media adaptations . The original Golden Age version of Lois Lane , as well as versions of her from the 1970s onwards , portrays Lois as a tough-as-nails journalist and intellectually equal to Superman . During the Silver Age of Comics , she was the star of Superman 's Girl Friend , Lois Lane , a comic book series that had a light and humorous tone . Beginning in 2015 , she stars as the protagonist in the young adult novel series , Lois Lane , by writer Gwenda Bond . Lois is among the best-known female comic book characters . She has appeared in various Superman media adaptations . Actress Noel Neill first portrayed Lois Lane in the 1940s Superman film series and late reprise her role in the 1950s television series Adventures of Superman . Margot Kidder played the character in four Superman films in the 1970s and '80s . Teri Hatcher portrayed her in the 1990s television series Lois & Clark : The New Adventures of Superman and Erica Durance in the ' 00s series , Smallville . In the 2006 film Superman Returns , she was played by Kate Bosworth . The character was most recently portrayed by actress Amy Adams in the films Man of Steel -LRB- 2013 -RRB- and Batman v Superman : Dawn of Justice -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . ", "Memory Lane may refer to Memory Lane -LRB- film -RRB- , a 2012 science-fiction film directed by Shawn Holmes Memory Lane -LRB- audio drama -RRB- , a Doctor Who audio drama Memory Lane , a 2010 album by The High Kings `` Memory Lane '' , a song by McFly from the album Wonderland `` Memory Lane '' , a song by Minnie Riperton from the album Minnie `` Memory Lane '' , a song by Tim McGraw from the album Tim McGraw `` Memory Lane '' , a song by Elliott Smith from the album From a Basement on the Hill `` Memory Lane -LRB- Sittin ' in da Park -RRB- '' , a song by Nas from the album Illmatic Memory Lane , a mini-game in Mario Party 6 Memory Lane , Inc , the company who operates classmates.com , a social media website Brian `` Memory '' Lane , a character in the BBC television drama series New Tricks , played by Alun Armstrong Memory Lane , a 1926 silent film starring Eleanor Boardman `` Memory Lane '' -LRB- The Vampire Diaries -RRB- an episode of the TV series The Vampire Diaries ", "Superman -LRB- 1948 -RRB- is a 15-part black-and-white Columbia film serial based on the comic book character Superman . It stars an uncredited Kirk Alyn -LRB- billed only by his character name , Superman ; but credited on the promotional posters -RRB- and Noel Neill as Lois Lane . Like Batman , it is notable as the first live-action appearance of Superman on film and for the longevity of its distribution . The serial was directed by Thomas Carr , who later directed many early episodes of the Adventures of Superman television show , and Spencer Gordon Bennet , produced by Sam Katzman and shot in and around Los Angeles , California . It was originally screened at movie matinées and after the first three scene-setting chapters , every episode ends in a cliffhanger . The Superman-in-flight scenes are animations , in part due to the small production budget . ", "Joseph Lane -LRB- 1801 -- 1881 -RRB- was an American general and United States Senator from Oregon . Joseph or Joe Lane may also refer to : Joseph Lane , birth name of actor Nathan Lane Joseph R. Lane -LRB- 1858 -- 1931 -RRB- , United States Representative from Iowa Joe Lane -LRB- footballer -RRB- -LRB- 1892 -- 1959 -RRB- , English professional footballer Joe Lane -LRB- singer -RRB- -LRB- 1927 -- 2007 -RRB- , Australian jazz vocalist Joe Lane -LRB- Arizona politician -RRB- -LRB- 1935 -- 2014 -RRB- , American politician ", "Lola Yoʻldosheva -LRB- sometimes spelled Lola Yuldasheva in English -RRB- -LRB- Lola Yoʻldosheva , Лола Йўлдошева -RRB- -LRB- born September 4 , 1985 -RRB- , better known simply as Lola , is an Uzbek singer , songwriter and film actress . She rose to prominence in Uzbekistan with her song `` Muhabbatim '' -LRB- `` My Love '' -RRB- in 2003 . Lola has recorded songs both in Uzbek and Russian . Lola 's first studio movie appearance was in the 2004 Uzbek film Sevinch . She received positive reviews for her performance in the film both from movie critics and fans . Her acting career reached a new high as a result of her starring role in the 2005 comedy Kelgindi kuyov -LRB- `` The Alien Bridegroom '' -RRB- . Since then she has acted in several Uzbek movies . In 2005 , Lola got married and went on an indefinite hiatus , but returned to show business in 2011 with a series of solo concerts . In 2015 , she was given a warning by Uzbeknavo , Uzbekistan 's government agency that issues licenses to performers , for wearing a red low-back dress that `` conflicts with the national mentality '' while performing a duet with Rayhon . The music video of the duet faced further criticism by some Uzbeks for having lesbian overtones . This controversy led to the suspension of Lola 's license by Uzbeknavo in July 2015 . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "The_Fly_II", "Just_Fly", "The_Romance_of_Transportation_in_Canada", "The_Fly_-LRB-1986_film-RRB-", "Flight_North" ]

[ "The Fly II is a 1989 science fiction horror film starring Eric Stoltz and Daphne Zuniga . It was directed by Chris Walas as a sequel to the 1986 Academy Award-winning film The Fly , itself a remake of the 1958 film of the same name . Stoltz 's character in this sequel is the adult son of Seth Brundle , the scientist-turned - ` Brundlefly ' , played by Jeff Goldblum in the 1986 remake . With the exception of stock footage of Goldblum from the first film , John Getz was the only actor to reprise his role . ", "Just Fly is the sixth studio album and seventh album overall by American country rock band Pure Prairie League , released by RCA Records in 1978 -LRB- see 1978 in music -RRB- . ", "The Romance of Transportation in Canada is a 1952 animated short film made by the National Film Board of Canada , as part of the postwar Canada Carries On series , offering a humorous account of the history of transportation in Canada . The film was directed by Colin Low and produced by Tom Daly . The Romance of Transportation in Canada featured animation by Wolf Koenig and Robert Verrall and was narrated by Guy Glover . Noted composer Eldon Rathburn composed the film score . ", "The Fly is a 1986 American science fiction horror film directed and co-written by David Cronenberg . Produced by Brooksfilms and distributed by 20th Century Fox , the film stars Jeff Goldblum , Geena Davis and John Getz . Loosely based on George Langelaan 's 1957 short story of the same name , the film tells of an eccentric scientist who , after one of his experiments goes wrong , slowly turns into a fly-hybrid creature . The score was composed by Howard Shore and the make-up effects were created by Chris Walas , along with makeup artist Stephan Dupuis . The film was released on August 15 , 1986 to massive acclaim by critics and audiences , with praise mainly regarding the special effects and Goldblum 's performance . It grossed $ 60.6 million at the box office against its nine-million-dollar budget , becoming the largest commercial success of Cronenberg 's career . Walas and Dupuis ' work on the film resulted in their winning an Academy Award for Best Makeup , the only film directed by Cronenberg to win an Oscar . A sequel , directed by Walas himself , was released in 1989 . ", "Flight North -LRB- Flucht in den Norden , Pako pohjoiseen -RRB- is a 1986 German-Finnish drama film directed by . It was entered into the 36th Berlin International Film Festival . " ]

[ 1, 0, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "City_of_Literature", "International_Economic_Association", "Cultural_Union_for_the_Friendship_of_the_People", "The_Bridge_Stage_of_the_Arts", "Swedish_Literature_Bank" ]

[ "UNESCO 's City of Literature program is part of its Creative Cities Network which was launched in 2004 . The Network was born out of UNESCO 's Global Alliance for Cultural Diversity initiative which was created in 2002 . Its aim is to `` promote the social , economic and cultural development of cities in both the developed and the developing world . '' The cities in network promote their local creative scene and conform to UNESCO 's goal of fostering cultural diversity . ", "The International Economic Association -LRB- IEA -RRB- is a Non-Governmental Organization that was founded in 1950 , at the instigation of the Social Sciences Department of UNESCO . It has since its creation maintained information and consultative relations with UNESCO and is since 1973 a federated member of the International Social Science Council . Its aim from the beginning has been to promote personal contacts and mutual understanding among economists in different parts of the world through the organization of scientific meetings , through common research programs and by means of publications of an international character on problems of current importance . ", "The Cultural Union for the Friendship of the Peoples -LRB- União Cultural Pela Amizade dos Povos -RRB- is a nonprofit entity based in the city of São Paulo , Brasil . Initially named Brazil -- Soviet Union Cultural Union , it was founded in May 10 , 1960 by a large number of Brazilian intellectuals , emphasizing the following ones : writer Sergio Milliet -LRB- its first President -RRB- , doctor Joao Belline Burza , judge Decio de Arruda Campos , lawyer Aldo Lins e Silva , engineer Lucas Nogueira Garcez , writer Caio Prado Junior , writer Helena Silveira , poet Afonso Schimidt , professor Omar Catunda , painter Clovis Graciano , sociologist Florestan Fernandes , among others . During its existence , it has always been a bridge for the cultural exchange between Brazil and the peoples of the Soviet Union by teaching Russian language in Brazil ; or promoting shipment of Brazilian students for university education at Patrice Lumumba University , Moscow University , among other schools of that country ; or even encouraging tourism between the two countries . With the dissolution of the Soviet Union and wanting expanding the scope of its cultural relations in Assembly meeting held on 22 February 1997 , the name of the entity was altered to Union Cultural by the Friendship of the People . Nowadays , besides teaching Russian language , the entity also offers Spanish and Chinese mandarin courses . ", "The Bridge Stage of the Arts , Inc. -LRB- The Bridge -RRB- is an American theater company based in New York City . It was incorporated by its Artistic Director , Avra Petrides , in 1980 ; and has produced American/International music - theater festivals in the South of France -LRB- Languedoc-Roussillon region -RRB- with American musical-theater artists such as Alan Jay Lerner , lyricist and librettist of My Fair Lady , and Betty Comden and Adolph Green screenwriters and lyricists of Singin ' In The Rain . These artists performed and also gave master classes on musical theater to lyricists , librettists , playwrights , composers , directors , and performers from all over the world . In Lower Manhattan The Bridge has presented Performance-Forums in which theater artists collaborate on productions with astrophysicists , philosophers , architects and others working in a variety of disciplines . Also , in Lower Manhattan , The Bridge produced Hart & Hammerstein Centennial Plus One which re-introduced Castle Clinton as a noteworthy performance space . ", "The Swedish Literature Bank is a non-profit organisation whose objective is making classic Swedish literature and literary criticism freely available in digital editions . It is a collaboration between the Swedish Academy , the National Library of Sweden , the Royal Swedish Academy of Letters , History and Antiquities , the Swedish Language Bank at the University of Gothenburg , the Swedish Society for Belles-Lettres , and the Society of Swedish Literature in Finland . The Swedish Literature Bank publishes Swedish literary classics from the Middle Ages on , including `` minor classics '' and major historical and religious works , in four digital formats : searchable e-text , facsimiles of the original edition , PDF files and EPUB files . The texts are based either on the first edition or on a subsequent scholarly edition . Authoritative presentations of authors and genres are also provided . The initiative began after a suggestion by Sven Lindqvist in the early 2000s . The Swedish Academy held a seminar exploring the idea in 2002 , and in 2004 a two-year pilot project began with funding from the Bank of Sweden Tercentenary Foundation . The project foundation was then organised in 2006 . Starting at a time of rapid expansion of Swedish higher education institutions , the project was designed to address the problem of the many new Swedish colleges needing to set up libraries with expensive older literature , and to make older Swedish literature freely available anywhere in the world . In contrast to the older Project Runeberg , where anyone can help proofread the scans , the Literature Bank texts are proofread by scholars . They are chosen by an editorial committee , around certain themes such as works by female writers , older crime fiction and science fiction , and from suggestions by the public . The project has been described as `` a Swedish mini-variant of Google Library '' . " ]

[ 0, 0, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "SummerSlam", "SummerSlam_-LRB-2015-RRB-", "Bedlam_-LRB-2011_TV_series-RRB-", "Shane_Summers", "Visions_Before_Midnight" ]

[ "SummerSlam is a professional wrestling pay-per-view -LRB- PPV -RRB- event , produced annually in August by professional wrestling promotion WWE . Dubbed as `` The Biggest Party of the Summer '' , it is one of the original `` Big Four '' pay-per-view events of WWE -LRB- along with WrestleMania , Royal Rumble and Survivor Series -RRB- . The inaugural SummerSlam took place on August 29 , 1988 at Madison Square Garden in New York City and was broadcast via pay-per-view . SummerSlam has been touted by WWE as their second biggest event of the year after WrestleMania . From 2009 to 2014 , SummerSlam remained exclusive to Staples Center in Los Angeles . Since 2015 , the event has took place at the Barclays Center in the New York City borough of Brooklyn . ", "SummerSlam -LRB- 2015 -RRB- was a professional wrestling pay-per-view -LRB- PPV -RRB- event produced by WWE . It took place on August 23 , 2015 , at Barclays Center in Brooklyn , New York . The twenty-eighth event under the SummerSlam chronology , this was the first since 2008 to be held outside of Los Angeles as Staples Center was the exclusive home for SummerSlam from 2009 to 2014 , and the eighth SummerSlam to be held in the New York metropolitan area . The Izod Center was originally supposed to host SummerSlam , but due to its closure in April 2015 , the event was moved to Barclays Center . The event was the first in the SummerSlam chronology to be four hours in length , a length previously reserved only for WrestleMania . The event was the second night of what was billed as a `` triple-header '' at Barclays Center , with NXT TakeOver : Brooklyn having taken place the previous night , and Raw the following night . Ten matches were contested at the event , with no pre-show . In the main event , The Undertaker defeated Brock Lesnar in controversial fashion ; Lesnar put Undertaker in his Kimura lock and the timekeeper rang the bell after seeing the Undertaker supposedly indicating submission , but since the referee had n't seen a submission and never stopped the match , the match continued . The confusion allowed Undertaker to surprise Lesnar with a low blow before trapping him in the Hell 's Gate submission hold , during which Lesnar passed out to give Undertaker the win . ", "Bedlam is a British supernatural drama television series created by David Allison , Neil Jones , and Chris Parker . It was first broadcast on 7 February 2011 on Sky Living and Sky Living HD . The series finale was broadcast on 15 March 2011 . In December 2011 , it was announced that a second series had been commissioned for broadcasting in Spring 2012 with an updated cast . Series 2 was broadcast from June 2012 with Lacey Turner taking the lead as a suspended paramedic who can see dead people . On 13 November 2012 Jack Roth , who plays Max in the series , revealed that Bedlam may return for Series 3 and that a decision on the show 's future is to be made around Christmas 2012 . On 11 March 2013 Roth announced on Twitter that Bedlam would not be returning for a third series . ", "Shane Lister Summers -LRB- 23 June 1936 -- 1 June 1961 -RRB- was a British racing driver , born in Rossett , Denbighshire , Wales . Although he raced in Formula One , he never participated in a World Championship event . He was the son of the Conservative politician Spencer Summers . In 1960 , Summers had a successful season racing a Lotus 15 sports car prepared by Terry Bartram , and for the following season , he and Bartram decided to enter Formula One with a new Cooper T53 , chassis number F1-8-61 . At the season opener , the non-Championship Lombank Trophy , 24-year-old Summers qualified tenth of the 14 runners , and finished eighth and last . The following week he crashed out of the Glover Trophy after again qualifying tenth . Travelling to Europe for the next two races , he was refused a start at the 1961 Brussels Grand Prix despite posting the 12th fastest time in qualifying , but started from the front row at the Vienna Grand Prix . From second on the grid , he ran near the front until his suspension failed . Returning to the UK , Summers entered the Aintree 200 , qualifying 13th of 28 starters , and finishing 12th . A month later he achieved his best result , finishing fourth in the London Trophy . However , during practice in the rain for the Silver City Trophy race at Brands Hatch , Summers was killed when he spun at Paddock Hill Bend and crashed into a concrete wall at the pit tunnel entrance . ", "Visions Before Midnight is a selection of the television criticism written by Clive James during his first four years -LRB- 1972 -- 1976 -RRB- as The Observer '' 's weekly television critic . The selection begins with a piece on the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich , and ends with a piece on the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal . It was first published in 1977 . The title derives from Sir Thomas Browne : Dreams out of the ivory gate , and visions before midnight.Before being contracted by Observer editor David Astor , James had previously written one piece per month on television for The Listener and its editor , Karl Miller , had been an important influence on James . He had allowed him to , `` write a column which eschewed solemnity so thoroughly that it courted the frivolous . Like Lichtenberg Karl Miller appreciated the kind of joke that unveils a problem : if your gags had a serious reason for being there , they stayed in . '' James explains in the preface : `` Television was a natural part of my life . I loved watching it and I loved being on it . The second passion has since somewhat faded , but the first remains strong , and was very powerful at the time . I watched just about everything , including the junk . The screen teemed with unsummable activity . It was full of visions , legends , myths , fables . T.V was scarcely something you could feel superior to . It was too various . What I had to offer was negative capability , a capability for submission to the medium . I was the first to submit myself to Alastair Burnet and find him fascinating . No critic before me had ever regarded David Vine as a reason for switching the set on '' . '' In the preface James says that the idea of publishing a selection of his television criticism had been in his mind since speaking with Kenneth Tynan at a reception at the Garrick Club . Tynan had said he hoped James would publish some of his criticism but averred that , `` A television critic would have to know everything , and who knows everything ? '' James had been lost for an answer at the time but in the Preface replies , `` It is n't necessary to know everything -- just to remember that nobody else does either . '' " ]

[ 1, 2, 0, 1, 1 ]

[ "Tennessee", "6th_Regiment_Tennessee_Volunteer_Infantry", "American_Civil_War", "38th_Tennessee_Infantry_Regiment", "Alfred_Cate" ]

[ "Tennessee -LRB- -LSB- tɛnᵻˈsiː -RSB- -RRB- -LRB- -LSB- ᏔᎾᏏ , translit = Tanasi -RSB- -RRB- is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States . Tennessee is the 36th largest and the 16th most populous of the 50 United States . Tennessee is bordered by Kentucky and Virginia to the north , North Carolina to the east , Georgia , Alabama , and Mississippi to the south , and Arkansas and Missouri to the west . The Appalachian Mountains dominate the eastern part of the state , and the Mississippi River forms the state 's western border . Nashville is the state 's largest city , with a population of 660,388 . Tennessee 's second largest city is Memphis , which has a population of 652,717 . The state of Tennessee is rooted in the Watauga Association , a 1772 frontier pact generally regarded as the first constitutional government west of the Appalachians . What is now Tennessee was initially part of North Carolina , and later part of the Southwest Territory . Tennessee was admitted to the Union as the 16th state on June 1 , 1796 . Tennessee was the last state to leave the Union and join the Confederacy at the outbreak of the American Civil War in 1861 . Occupied by Union forces from 1862 , it was the first state to be readmitted to the Union at the end of the war . Tennessee furnished more soldiers for the Confederate Army than any other state besides Virginia , and more soldiers for the Union Army than the rest of the Confederacy combined . Beginning during Reconstruction , it had competitive party politics , but a Democratic takeover in the late 1880s resulted in passage of disfranchisement laws that excluded most blacks and many poor whites from voting . This sharply reduced competition in politics in the state until after passage of civil rights legislation in the mid-20th century . In the 20th century , Tennessee transitioned from an agrarian economy to a more diversified economy , aided by massive federal investment in the Tennessee Valley Authority and , in the early 1940s , the city of Oak Ridge . This city was established to house the Manhattan Project 's uranium enrichment facilities , helping to build the world 's first atomic bomb , which was used during World War II . Tennessee 's major industries include agriculture , manufacturing , and tourism . Poultry , soybeans , and cattle are the state 's primary agricultural products , and major manufacturing exports include chemicals , transportation equipment , and electrical equipment . The Great Smoky Mountains National Park , the nation 's most visited national park , is headquartered in the eastern part of the state , and a section of the Appalachian Trail roughly follows the Tennessee-North Carolina border . Other major tourist attractions include the Tennessee Aquarium in Chattanooga ; Dollywood in Pigeon Forge ; Ripley 's Aquarium of the Smokies and Ober Gatlinburg in Gatlinburg ; the Parthenon , the Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum , and Ryman Auditorium in Nashville ; the Jack Daniel 's Distillery in Lynchburg ; Elvis Presley 's Graceland residence and tomb , the Memphis Zoo , and the National Civil Rights Museum in Memphis ; and Bristol Motor Speedway in Bristol . ", "The 6th Regiment Tennessee Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War . ", "The American Civil War was fought in the United States from 1861 to 1865 . After a long standing controversy over slavery and state 's rights , war broke out in April 1861 , when Confederates attacked Fort Sumter in South Carolina , shortly after Abraham Lincoln was elected . The nationalists of the Union proclaimed loyalty to the U.S. Constitution . They faced secessionists of the Confederate States of America advocating states ' rights to perpetual slavery and its expansion in the Americas . Among the 34 U.S. states in February 1861 , seven Southern slave states individually declared their secession from the U.S. to form the Confederate States of America . The Confederacy grew to include eleven states ; it claimed two more border states -LRB- Kentucky and Missouri -RRB- , the Indian Territory , and the southern portions of the Union 's western territories of Arizona and New Mexico , which was organized and incorporated into the Confederacy as Confederate Arizona . The Confederacy was never diplomatically recognized by the United States government , nor was it recognized by any foreign country -LRB- although Britain and France granted it belligerent status -RRB- . The states that remained loyal , including the border states where slavery was legal , were known as the Union or the North . The North and South quickly raised volunteer and conscription armies that fought mostly in the South over four years . During this time many innovations in warfare occurred , including the development and use of iron-clad ships , ultimately changing naval strategy around the world . The Union finally won the war when General Robert E. Lee surrendered to General Ulysses S. Grant at the battle of Appomattox , which triggered a series of surrenders by Confederate generals throughout the southern states . Four years of intense combat left 620,000 to 750,000 soldiers dead , a higher number than the number of American military deaths in World War I and World War II combined , and much of the South 's infrastructure was destroyed . The Confederacy collapsed , slavery was abolished and 4 million slaves were freed . The Reconstruction Era -LRB- 1863 -- 1877 -RRB- overlapped and followed the war , with the process of restoring national unity , strengthening the national government , and granting civil rights to freed slaves throughout the country . The Civil War is arguably the most studied and written about episode in American history . ", "The 38th Regiment , Tennessee Infantry was an infantry regiment from Tennessee that served with the Confederate States Army in the American Civil War . Notable battles that the regiment has fought in include Shiloh and Chickamauga . ", "Alfred Madison Cate -LRB- December 12 , 1822 -- September 13 , 1871 -RRB- was an American politician , soldier and farmer who served two terms in the Tennessee Senate from 1865 to 1869 . A Radical Republican , he generally supported the policies of Governor William G. Brownlow , including ratification of the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution . He served as chairman of the Republican State Central Committee in the late 1860s . Cate remained loyal to the Union during the Civil War . He was a delegate to the pro-Union East Tennessee Convention in 1861 , and was a key organizer of the East Tennessee bridge burnings later that year . He fought for the Union Army during the war , eventually rising to the rank of captain . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 0, 2 ]

[ "Reanimation_-LRB-Linkin_Park_album-RRB-", "TP.3_Reloaded", "Reborn_-LRB-Trapt_album-RRB-", "Core_-LRB-Persefone_album-RRB-", "Eternity_-LRB-Anathema_album-RRB-" ]

[ "Reanimation is the first remix album by American rock band Linkin Park as a follow-up to their first studio album , Hybrid Theory , and released on July 30 , 2002 . Recorded during the Hybrid Theory tour in 2001 , it features remixes of songs from Hybrid Theory , including the album 's bonus tracks . The remix album was produced by Mike Shinoda and mixed by Mark `` Spike '' Stent . ", "TP .3 Reloaded is the seventh studio album by R&B singer R. Kelly . The album is the third entry in the 12 Play series . The album includes the first five parts of the song `` Trapped in the Closet . '' The album became his fourth # 1 on the Billboard 200 album chart . The album sold 1.52 million copies in the US . ", "Reborn is the sixth album by rock band Trapt released on January 22 , 2013 . It is their first album released through Epochal Artists Records/EMI . This is their last album to include lead guitarist Robb Torres , with Chris Taylor Brown doing most of the guitar work on the album . The album was produced by lead vocalist Chris Taylor Brown and co produced , engineered and mixed by Matt Thorne , who produced the band 's live album Trapt Live ! and compilation album Headstrong . This is the band 's first album released independently . The first single , `` Bring It '' , was released on December 7 , 2011 . A second single titled `` Love Hate Relationship ' '' was released on iTunes on October 2 , 2012 , along with a remastered version of `` Bring It '' . This is the first album featuring drummer Dylan Howard . A third single , `` Living in the Eye of the Storm '' was released in February 2013 with a music video paying tribute to US soldiers . ", "Core is an album by metal band Persefone . The album was released on 23 August 2006 by label Soundholic . Persefone re-released Core on April 18 , 2014 . Core was released worldwide through Vicisolum Records . The album included a 16-page booklet and a bonus track . Pere Revert was involved in the producing of the album -LRB- Shin-ken , Spiritual Migration -RRB- . ", "Eternity is the third album by the British rock band Anathema . It was released on 11 November 1996 through Peaceville Records . Eternity marked the first shift in Anathema 's style and sound from their doom metal roots to gothic metal . It features a version of Roy Harper 's track `` Hope '' . It is the last album with drummer John Douglas before his return to the band in 1998 . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Move_-LRB-Little_Mix_song-RRB-", "Moving_on_the_Edges_of_Things", "Any_Way_You_Like_It", "Rhythm_of_Love_-LRB-Yes_song-RRB-", "Now_That's_What_I_Call_Music!_78_-LRB-UK_series-RRB-" ]

[ "`` Move '' is a song by British girl group Little Mix . It was released as the lead single from their second studio album , Salute -LRB- 2013 -RRB- . It was co-written by the group with Maegan Cottone and Nathan Duvall , and produced by the latter . An R&B song , that moves away from Little Mix 's previous melody-led ventures , featuring more quirky sounds with bass synth . The girl band stated that the song is about when a boy on the dance floor is `` acting too cool for school '' and they would like him to move . The single was made available for pre-ordering on iTunes on the same day as its radio impact without the official single artwork . The single received its first airplay in the United Kingdom on 23 September 2013 and was released for digital download on 3 November 2013 , a week before the release of Salute in that country . It debuted and peaked at number three on the UK Singles Chart . ", "Moving on the Edges of Things is an EP by the American band This Will Destroy You . It was released on August 10 , 2010 through Magic Bullet Records , although it was available on the label 's website from July . It was released on 12 '' vinyl , with the first , and currently only , pressing limited to 1000 copies . ", "Any Way You Like It is the fourth album by Thelma Houston , released late October 1976 on Tamla Records . The album features energetic disco songs with fierce vocal performances by Houston on side 1 , while side 2 focuses on ballads . It includes the major hit single , `` Do n't Leave Me This Way '' , Houston 's remake of the Harold Melvin & the Blue Notes song , zooming to No. 1 in the US charts . In the US , `` If It 's the Last Thing I Do '' , a track originally recorded in 1972 , was chosen for the second single release on MoWest , while Europe had an edited version of the Stevie Wonder cover , `` I Do n't Know Why I Love You '' Produced & Arranged by Michael Lovesmith . A re-recorded version of `` Do n't Leave Me This Way '' was # 19 on the dance charts in December 1994 . The album was arranged by Arthur G. Wright , Michael Lovesmith , Harold Johnson , Paul Riser , Clayton Ivey , Ted Stovall , Michael Omartian , Perry Botkin , Jr. and Terry Woodford . ", "`` Rhythm of Love '' is a song by Yes . It appeared on the 1987 Big Generator album . It was released repeatedly as a single , alternating as the A-side or B-side of `` Love Will Find a Way '' . It was also remixed many times , though , thus far , only two have seen a legal issue on CD ; both appeared on one 1987 CD single issue , and have not seen an official release elsewhere . Paulinho Da Costa was brought in for percussion overdubs . The song eventually became one of the band 's most popular songs -LRB- even if the album received heavy criticism for being very pop-heavy -RRB- and it appeared on a vast amount of tours since 1987 , eventually becoming the 18th most played song at Yes concerts , appearing 384 times as of 2009 . Despite its popularity , very few live versions were issued . A music video of the song , directed by Alex Proyas , also exists . ", "Now That 's What I Call Music ! 78 or Now ! 78 is a double-disc compilation album that was released in the United Kingdom on 11 April 2011 on CD and downloadable formats . The album is the 78th edition of the UK Now ! series . Now 78 features six songs which reached number one on the UK Singles Chart : `` Grenade '' , `` We R Who We R '' , `` When We Collide '' , `` Price Tag '' , `` What 's My Name ? '' , and `` The Time -LRB- Dirty Bit -RRB- '' . " ]

[ 1, 0, 1, 1, 0 ]

[ "Dissociative_identity_disorder", "Low-Functioning_Autism", "Novelty_seeking", "Anxiety_disorder", "Adjustment_disorder" ]

[ "Dissociative identity disorder -LRB- DID -RRB- , also known as multiple personality disorder -LRB- MPD -RRB- , is a mental disorder characterized by at least two distinct and relatively enduring identities or dissociated personality states . These states alternately show in a person 's behavior , accompanied by memory impairment for important information not explained by ordinary forgetfulness . These symptoms are not accounted for by substance abuse , seizures , or other medical conditions , nor by imaginative play in children . Dissociative symptoms range from common lapses in attention , becoming distracted by something else , and daydreaming , to pathological dissociative disorders . Symptoms vary over time . Dissociative disorders , including DID , have been attributed to disruptions in memory caused by trauma or other forms of stress . Research on this hypothesis has been characterized by poor methodology . An alternative hypothesis is that DID is a by-product of techniques employed by some therapists , especially those using hypnosis , and disagreement between the two positions is characterized by intense debate . DID is one of the most controversial psychiatric disorders , with no clear consensus on diagnostic criteria or treatment . No systematic , empirically supported definition of `` dissociation '' exists . Diagnosis is often difficult , as the entity is frequently associated with other mental disorders . Differential diagnosis should consider malingering if the individual 's principal concern is with financial or forensic gain or with the avoidance of obligations ; and factitious disorder , if the individual 's principal concern is with assuming a patient role . It is generally believed that DID rarely resolves spontaneously . In general , the prognosis is poor , especially for those with comorbid disorders . There is little systematic data on rates of the condition . It is believed to affect between 1 % and 3 % of the general population , and between 1 % and 5 % in inpatient groups in Europe and North America . DID is diagnosed more frequently in North America than in the rest of the world , and is diagnosed three to nine times more often in females than in males . Rates of diagnoses increased greatly in the latter half of the 20th century , along with the number of identities -LRB- often referred to as `` alters '' -RRB- claimed by people -LRB- increasing from an average of two or three to approximately 16 -RRB- . DID is also controversial within the legal system , where it has been used as a rarely successful form of the insanity defense . The 1990s showed a parallel increase in the number of court cases involving the diagnosis . DID became a popular diagnosis in the 1970s , '80s , and '90s , but it is unclear whether the actual rate of the disorder increased , whether it was more recognized by health care providers , or whether sociocultural factors caused an increase in therapy-induced -LRB- iatrogenic -RRB- presentations . The unusual number of diagnoses after 1980 , clustered around a small number of clinicians , and the suggestibility characteristic of those with DID , support the hypothesis that DID is therapist-induced . The unusual clustering of diagnoses has also been explained as due to a lack of awareness and training among clinicians to recognize cases of DID . ", "Low-functioning autism -LRB- LFA -RRB- refers to autistic people who fall into the severe categories of autism spectrum disorder . Symptoms may include impaired social communications or interactions , bizarre behavior , and lack of social or emotional reciprocity . Sleep problems , aggressiveness , and self-injurious behavior are also possible frequent occurrences . ", "In psychology , novelty seeking -LRB- NS -RRB- is a personality trait associated with exploratory activity in response to novel stimulation , impulsive decision making , extravagance in approach to reward cues , quick loss of temper , and avoidance of frustration . It is measured in the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire as well as the later version Temperament and Character Inventory and is considered one of the temperament dimensions of personality . Like the other temperament dimensions , it has been found to be highly heritable . High NS has been suggested to be related to low dopaminergic activity . In the revised version of the Temperament and Character Inventory -LRB- TCI-R -RRB- novelty seeking consists of the following four subscales : Exploratory excitability -LRB- NS1 -RRB- Impulsiveness -LRB- NS2 -RRB- Extravagance -LRB- NS3 -RRB- Disorderliness -LRB- NS4 -RRB- ", "Anxiety disorders are a group of mental disorders characterized by feelings of anxiety and fear . Anxiety is a worry about future events and fear is a reaction to current events . These feelings may cause physical symptoms , such as a fast heart rate and shakiness . There are a number of anxiety disorders : including generalized anxiety disorder , specific phobia , social anxiety disorder , separation anxiety disorder , agoraphobia , panic disorder , and selective mutism . The disorder differs by what results in the symptoms . People often have more than one anxiety disorder . The cause of anxiety disorders is a combination of genetic and environmental factors . Risk factors include a history of child abuse , family history of mental disorders , and poverty . Anxiety disorders often occur with other mental disorders , particularly major depressive disorder , personality disorder , and substance use disorder . To be diagnosed symptoms typically need to be present for at least six months , be more than would be expected for the situation , and decrease functioning . Other problems that may result in similar symptoms including hyperthyroidism ; heart disease ; caffeine , alcohol , or cannabis use ; and withdrawal from certain drugs , among others . Without treatment , anxiety disorders tend to remain . Treatment may include lifestyle changes , counselling , and medications . Counselling is typically with a type of cognitive behavioural therapy . Medications , such as antidepressants or beta blockers , may improve symptoms . About 12 % of people are affected by an anxiety disorder in a given year and between 5-30 % are affected at some point in their life . They occur about twice as often in females as males , and generally begin before the age of 25 . The most common are specific phobia which affects nearly 12 % and social anxiety disorder which affects 10 % at some point in their life . They affect those between the ages of 15 and 35 the most and become less common after the age of 55 . Rates appear to be higher in the United States and Europe . ", "An adjustment disorder -LRB- AD -RRB- -- sometimes called exogenous , reactive , or situational depression -- occurs when an individual is unable to adjust to or cope with a particular stress or a major life event . Since people with this disorder normally have symptoms that depressed people do , such as general loss of interest , feelings of hopelessness and crying , this disorder is sometimes known as situational depression . Unlike major depression , the disorder is caused by an outside stressor and generally resolves once the individual is able to adapt to the situation . One hypothesis about AD is that it may represent a sub-threshold clinical syndrome . The condition is different from anxiety disorder , which lacks the presence of a stressor , or post-traumatic stress disorder and acute stress disorder , which usually are associated with a more intense stressor . Common characteristics of AD include mild depressive symptoms , anxiety symptoms , and traumatic stress symptoms or a combination of the three . There are nine types of AD listed in the DSM-III-R . According to the DSM-IV-TR , there are six types of AD , which are characterized by the following predominant symptoms : depressed mood , anxiety , mixed depression and anxiety , disturbance of conduct , mixed disturbance of emotions and conduct , and unspecified . However , the criteria for these symptoms are not specified in greater detail . AD may be acute or chronic , depending on whether it lasts more or less than six months . According to the DSM-IV-TR , if the AD lasts less than 6 months , then it may be considered acute . If it lasts more than six months , it may be considered chronic . Moreover , the symptoms can not last longer than six months after the stressor -LRB- s -RRB- , or its consequences , have terminated . Diagnosis of AD is quite common ; there is an estimated incidence of 5 % -- 21 % among psychiatric consultation services for adults . Adult women are diagnosed twice as often as are adult men . Among children and adolescents , girls and boys are equally likely to receive this diagnosis . AD was introduced into the psychiatric classification systems almost 30 years ago , but similar syndromes were recognized for many years before that . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Kareem_Abdul-Jabbar", "Waddah_al-Yaman", "List_of_converts_to_Islam_from_Judaism", "Kaliphz", "A._P._J._Abdul_Kalam" ]

[ "Kareem Abdul-Jabbar -LRB- born Ferdinand Lewis Alcindor Jr. ; April 16 , 1947 -RRB- is an American retired professional basketball player who played 20 seasons in the National Basketball Association -LRB- NBA -RRB- for the Milwaukee Bucks and the Los Angeles Lakers . During his career as a center , Abdul-Jabbar was a record six-time NBA Most Valuable Player -LRB- MVP -RRB- , a record 19-time NBA All-Star , a 15-time All-NBA selection , and an 11-time NBA All-Defensive Team member . A member of six NBA championship teams as a player and two as an assistant coach , Abdul-Jabbar twice was voted NBA Finals MVP . In 1996 , he was honored as one of the 50 Greatest Players in NBA History . NBA coach Pat Riley and players Isiah Thomas and Julius Erving have called him the greatest basketball player of all time . After winning 71 consecutive basketball games on his high school team in New York City , Alcindor attended college at UCLA , where he played for coach John Wooden on three consecutive national championship basketball teams and was a record three-time MVP of the NCAA Tournament . Drafted by the one-season-old Bucks franchise in the 1969 NBA draft with the first overall pick , Alcindor spent six seasons in Milwaukee . After winning his first NBA championship in 1971 , he adopted the Muslim name Kareem Abdul-Jabbar at age 24 . Using his trademark `` skyhook '' shot , he established himself as one of the league 's top scorers . In 1975 , he was traded to the Lakers , with whom he played the last 14 seasons of his career and won five additional NBA championships . Abdul-Jabbar 's contributions were a key component in the `` Showtime '' era of Lakers basketball . Over his 20-year NBA career his team succeeded in making the playoffs 18 times and past the 1st round in 14 of them ; his team reached the NBA Finals 10 times . At the time of his retirement in 1989 , Abdul-Jabbar was the NBA 's all-time leader in points scored -LRB- 38,387 -RRB- , games played -LRB- 1,560 -RRB- , minutes played -LRB- 57,446 -RRB- , field goals made -LRB- 15,837 -RRB- , field goal attempts -LRB- 28,307 -RRB- , blocked shots -LRB- 3,189 -RRB- , defensive rebounds -LRB- 9,394 -RRB- , career wins -LRB- 1,074 -RRB- , and personal fouls -LRB- 4,657 -RRB- . He remains the all-time leading scorer in the NBA , and player with most career wins . He is ranked 3rd all-time in both rebounds and blocks . In 2007 , ESPN voted him the greatest center of all time , in 2008 , they named him the `` greatest player in college basketball history '' , and in 2016 , they named him the second best player in NBA history -LRB- behind Michael Jordan -RRB- . Abdul-Jabbar has also been an actor , a basketball coach , and a best-selling author . In 2012 , he was selected by Secretary of State Hillary Clinton to be a U.S. global cultural ambassador . In 2016 , he received the Presidential Medal of Freedom from President Barack Obama . ", "Waddah al-Yaman , born Abdul Rahman bin Isma'il al-Khawlani -LRB- Arabic : عبدالرحمن بن اسماعيل الخولاني -RRB- -LRB- died 708 -RRB- , was an Arab poet . ", "This is a list of notable converts to Islam from Judaism . Hibat Allah Abu ` l-Barakat al-Baghdaadi -- influential 12th-century physicist , philosopher , and scientist who wrote a critique of Aristotelian philosophy and Aristotelian physics . Ka'ab al-Ahbar - influential 7th-century rabbi . In the Sunni tradition , he is counted among the Tabi'in and narrated many Isra'iliyat . He was an influential figure in the reigns of the Khalifs Umar , Uthman and Muawiyah . Ibn Yahyā al-Maghribī al-Samaw ` al -- 12th-century mathematician and astronomer . Maryam Jameelah -LRB- Margret Marcus -RRB- -- American Author was born in New Rochelle , New York , to parents of German Jewish descent , and spent her early years in Westchester . Muhammad Asad -LRB- Leopold Weiss -RRB- -- Viennese journalist , author , and translator who visited the Hijaz in the 1930s , and became Pakistani ambassador to the United Nations . Sultan Rafi Sharif Bey -LRB- Yale Singer -RRB- -- 20th-century pioneer in the development of Islamic culture in the United States . Youssef Darwish -- labour lawyer and activist who was one of the few from the Karaite Jewish community to remain in Egypt after the creation of the state of Israel in 1948 . Tali Fahima -- Israeli left-wing activist , convicted of aiding Palestinian fighters . Converted to Islam in Umm al-Fahm in June 2010 . Rashid-al-Din Hamadani -- 13th-century Persian physician Yaqub ibn Killis -- 10th-century Egyptian vizier under the Fatimids . Leila Mourad -- Egyptian singer and actress of the 1940s and 1950s . Lev Nussimbaum -- 20th-century writer , journalist and orientalist . Jacob Querido -- 17th-century successor of the self-proclaimed Jewish Messiah Sabbatai Zevi . Abdullah ibn Salam -- 7th-century sahabi said to have been a rabbi of aristocratic stock . Ibn Sahl of Seville -- 13th-century Andalusian poet . Harun ibn Musa -- 8th-century scholar of Hadith and Qira'at , and the first compiler of the different styles of Qur ` anic recitation . Al-Ru ` asi -- 8th-century scholar of Arabic grammar and the founder of the Kufan school of grammar . ", "Kaliphz were a British hip hop crew formed in Rochdale by 2-Phaan -LRB- real name Mush Khan -RRB- and Jabba da Hype -LRB- real name Jabbar Khan -RRB- . They began as part of the breakdancing scene in the early 1980s , before branching out into spoken word and rap as other members joined the group . The group had a constantly shifting membership , and various name changes reflected this . The decline in fame and musical talent was due to the ever shifting members , Jabba da Hype was the carrier of the group , as his lyrics and vocals were dearly needed , and proved to be the reason the group was ssuccessful . The khaliphz aremost well known for a subsequent pop career as Kaleef , during which they recorded a record with Prince Naseem Hamed and also cover version of The Stranglers ' `` Golden Brown '' . ", "Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam better known as A.P.J. Abdul Kalam -LSB- ˈæbdʊl_kəˈlɑːm -RSB- -LRB- 15 October 1931 -- 27 July 2015 -RRB- was the 11th President of India from 2002 to 2007 . A career scientist turned statesman , Kalam was born and raised in Rameswaram , Tamil Nadu , and studied physics and aerospace engineering . He spent the next four decades as a scientist and science administrator , mainly at the Defence Research and Development Organisation -LRB- DRDO -RRB- and Indian Space Research Organisation -LRB- ISRO -RRB- and was intimately involved in India 's civilian space programme and military missile development efforts . He thus came to be known as the Missile Man of India for his work on the development of ballistic missile and launch vehicle technology . He also played a pivotal organisational , technical , and political role in India 's Pokhran-II nuclear tests in 1998 , the first since the original nuclear test by India in 1974 . Kalam was elected as the 11th President of India in 2002 with the support of both the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party and the then-opposition Indian National Congress . Widely referred to as the `` People 's President , '' he returned to his civilian life of education , writing and public service after a single term . He was a recipient of several prestigious awards , including the Bharat Ratna , India 's highest civilian honour . While delivering a lecture at the Indian Institute of Management Shillong , Kalam collapsed and died from an apparent cardiac arrest on 27 July 2015 , aged 83 . Thousands including national-level dignitaries attended the funeral ceremony held in his hometown of Rameshwaram , where he was buried with full state honours . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "This_Unruly_Mess_I've_Made", "Macklemore_&_Ryan_Lewis", "Macklemore", "The_Heist_-LRB-album-RRB-", "Thrift_Shop" ]

[ "This Unruly Mess I 've Made is the second studio album by American hip hop duo Macklemore & Ryan Lewis . It was released on February 26 , 2016 , by Macklemore LLC and Alternative Distribution Alliance . The album was supported by three singles : `` Downtown '' featuring Eric Nally , Melle Mel , Kool Moe Dee and Grandmaster Caz and `` Dance Off '' featuring Idris Elba and Anderson Paak , along with `` White Privilege II '' featuring Jamila Woods , which was released as the album 's promotional single . ", "Macklemore & Ryan Lewis are an American hip hop duo , formed in 2008 , from Seattle , Washington . The duo is composed of Ben Haggerty , a singer who goes by the stage name of Macklemore , and Ryan Lewis , a record producer , DJ , and professional photographer , who met the former at a photo shoot and they have significantly collaborated ever since . In 2009 , they released their first collaborative effort , an EP titled VS. EP . They have since followed up with VS. Redux -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , the Grammy Award-winning album The Heist -LRB- 2012 -RRB- and This Unruly Mess I 've Made -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . Macklemore and Lewis ' single `` Thrift Shop '' reached number one on the US Billboard Hot 100 in 2013 . The single was soon dubbed the first song since 1994 to top the Hot 100 chart without the support of a major record label by Billboard , although Macklemore , in a slightly unusual recording contract , pays a nominal percentage of sales to use Warner Bros. . Records ' radio promotion department to push his singles . Their second single , `` Ca n't Hold Us '' , also peaked at number one of the Hot 100 Chart , making Macklemore and Lewis the first duo in the chart 's history to have their first two singles both reach the peak position . Macklemore and Lewis released their debut studio album , The Heist , on October 9 , 2012 , which charted at number 2 on the US Billboard 200 . The pair won four Grammy Awards at the 2014 ceremony , including Best New Artist , Best Rap Album -LRB- The Heist -RRB- , Best Rap Song and Best Rap Performance -LRB- `` Thrift Shop '' -RRB- . Their second album , This Unruly Mess I 've Made , was released on February 26 , 2016 . ", "Benjamin Hammond Haggerty -LRB- born June 19 , 1983 -RRB- , known by his stage name Macklemore -LRB- -LSB- ˈmæk.ləmɔr -RSB- -RRB- and formerly Professor Mack Lemore , is an American hip hop recording artist from Kent , Washington . His stage name originated from his childhood ; it was the name of his made-up superhero . Since 2000 , he has independently released one mixtape , three EPs , and four albums . He has significantly collaborated with producer Ryan Lewis as Macklemore & Ryan Lewis . Macklemore and Ryan Lewis 's single `` Thrift Shop '' reached number one on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 in 2013 . The single was soon dubbed by Billboard as the first song since 1994 to top the Hot 100 chart without the support of a major record label , although Macklemore , in a slightly unusual recording contract , pays a nominal percentage of sales to use Warner Bros. . Records 's radio promotion department to push his singles . Their second single , `` Ca n't Hold Us '' , also peaked at number one of the Hot 100 Chart , making Macklemore and Lewis the first duo in the chart 's history to have their first two singles both reach the peak position . Macklemore and Lewis released their debut studio album The Heist on October 9 , 2012 , which charted at number 2 on the U.S. Billboard 200 . The pair won four Grammy Awards at the 2014 ceremony , including Best New Artist , Best Rap Album -LRB- The Heist -RRB- , Best Rap Song and Best Rap Performance -LRB- `` Thrift Shop '' -RRB- . Their second album , This Unruly Mess I 've Made , was released on February 26 , 2016 . ", "The Heist is the debut studio album by American hip hop duo Macklemore & Ryan Lewis . It was released on October 9 , 2012 , by Macklemore LLC , distributed under the Alternative Distribution Alliance . The album was independently self-produced , self-recorded and self-released by the duo , with no mainstream promotion or support . After the album 's release , the duo hired Warner Music Group 's radio promotion department to help the push with their singles for a small percentage of the sales . The album was recorded in Seattle , Washington between 2009 and 2012 . Within each series of singles were released , before the album release from 2010 and onwards ; the fourth single `` Thrift Shop '' , which was the most commercially successful -- peaking at number one on the Billboard Hot 100 , number one in 17 other countries , including number one positions in New Zealand and Australia , as well as a successful run on the charts in many other countries . The album 's third single `` Ca n't Hold Us '' was also largely commercially successful , peaking at number one in the United States , Australia , and Sweden . The album sold 78,000 copies in its first week , debuting at number two on the Billboard 200 , and at number one on the Billboard Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums , while entering the Canadian Albums Chart at number four . The album received generally positive reviews from critics . On January 26 , 2014 , it won the Grammy Award for Best Rap Album , where it was also nominated for Album of the Year and earned Macklemore and Ryan Lewis the award for Best New Artist . As of early 2016 , the album has sold 1,490,000 copies in the United States . ", "`` Thrift Shop '' is a song by American hip hop duo Macklemore & Ryan Lewis . It was released on August 27 , 2012 as Macklemore 's eighth career single and the fourth single from their debut studio album , The Heist -LRB- 2012 -RRB- . It features vocals from Wanz . The song was composed to show Macklemore 's esteem for thrift shops and saving money , opposing the flaunting of expensive items many rappers display . Music reviewers praised the song for its humorous lyrics and social critique . It was released in the United Kingdom in January 2013 . Despite being released on Macklemore 's independent label with distribution by the Alternative Distribution Alliance -LRB- ADA -RRB- , a Warner Music Group Company , the single was a sleeper hit . It peaked at number one on the Billboard Hot 100 and has since sold over 7 million copies in the US alone . The song also reached number one in the United Kingdom , Ireland , Canada , France , Denmark , Netherlands , Australia and New Zealand . A music video was released to accompany the song 's release on August 29 , 2012 . The video has garnered more than 1.0 billion views on YouTube . In 2014 , the single won two Grammy Awards for Best Rap Performance and Best Rap Song . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Parkinson's_disease", "Tremor", "Fred_Parkinson", "Georges_Gilles_de_la_Tourette", "Tick-borne_encephalitis" ]

[ "Parkinson 's disease -LRB- PD -RRB- is a long-term degenerative disorder of the central nervous system that mainly affects the motor system . The symptoms generally come on slowly over time . Early in the disease , the most obvious are shaking , rigidity , slowness of movement , and difficulty with walking . Thinking and behavioral problems may also occur . Dementia becomes common in the advanced stages of the disease . Depression and anxiety are also common occurring in more than a third of people with PD . Other symptoms include sensory , sleep , and emotional problems . The main motor symptoms are collectively called `` parkinsonism '' , or a `` parkinsonian syndrome '' . The cause of Parkinson 's disease is generally unknown , but believed to involve both genetic and environmental factors . Those with a family member affected are more likely to get the disease themselves . There is also an increased risk in people exposed to certain pesticides and among those who have had prior head injuries while there is a reduced risk in tobacco smokers and those who drink coffee or tea . The motor symptoms of the disease result from the death of cells in the substantia nigra , a region of the midbrain . This results in not enough dopamine in these areas . The reason for this cell death is poorly understood , but involves the build-up of proteins into Lewy bodies in the neurons . Diagnosis of typical cases is mainly based on symptoms , with tests such as neuroimaging being used to rule out other diseases . There is no cure for Parkinson 's disease . Initial treatment is typically with the antiparkinson medication L-DOPA -LRB- levodopa -RRB- , with dopamine agonists being used once levodopa becomes less effective . As the disease progresses and neurons continue to be lost , these medications become less effective while at the same time they produce a complication marked by involuntary writhing movements . Diet and some forms of rehabilitation have shown some effectiveness at improving symptoms . Surgery to place microelectrodes for deep brain stimulation has been used to reduce motor symptoms in severe cases where drugs are ineffective . Evidence for treatments for the non-movement-related symptoms of PD , such as sleep disturbances and emotional problems , is less strong . In 2015 , PD affected 6.2 million people and resulted in about 117,400 deaths globally . Parkinson 's disease typically occurs in people over the age of 60 , of which about one percent are affected . Males are more often affected than females . When it is seen in people before the age of 50 , it is called young-onset PD . The average life expectancy following diagnosis is between 7 and 14 years . The disease is named after the English doctor James Parkinson , who published the first detailed description in An Essay on the Shaking Palsy , in 1817 . Public awareness campaigns include World Parkinson 's Day -LRB- on the birthday of James Parkinson , 11 April -RRB- and the use of a red tulip as the symbol of the disease . People with parkinsonism who have increased the public 's awareness of the condition include actor Michael J. Fox , Olympic cyclist Davis Phinney , and late professional boxer Muhammad Ali . ", "A tremor -LSB- ˈtrEm @r -RSB- is an involuntary , somewhat rhythmic , muscle contraction and relaxation involving oscillations or twitching movements of one or more body parts . It is the most common of all involuntary movements and can affect the hands , arms , eyes , face , head , vocal folds , trunk , and legs . Most tremors occur in the hands . In some people , a tremor is a symptom of another neurological disorder . A very common tremor is the teeth chattering , usually induced by cold temperatures or by fear . ", "George Joshua Francis `` Fred '' Parkinson -LRB- 27 January 1884 -- 22 October 1913 -RRB- was an Australian rules footballer who played with Essendon and Collingwood in the Victorian Football League -LRB- VFL -RRB- . Parkinson , a follower , came to the league from South Bendigo and debuted in the 1907 VFL season , at the age of 23 . He played 15 games that year . In 1908 , Parkinson made 18 appearances , including Essendon 's semi-final win over Collingwood , but was n't selected for the grand final . His best performance that season came in round 16 when he played up forward and kicked seven goals against Melbourne at East Melbourne . He was a regular in the Essendon team again in 1909 , with 15 games , then only played five games in 1910 , but did make another semi-final appearance , for the third year in a row . In 1912 he transferred to Collingwood , where he played five senior games . Off the field , Parkinson was a railways worker , initially at Bendigo railway station before he moved to Melbourne . On 21 October 1913 , Parkinson was alighting from a train at South Yarra station , on his way home from work , when his leg slipped in between the train and platform . The train was already in motion and Parkinson received severe leg injuries . He died from shock the following day , at The Alfred Hospital . ", "Georges Albert Édouard Brutus Gilles de la Tourette -LRB- 30 October 1857 -- 26 May 1904 -RRB- was a French physician and the namesake of Tourette 's syndrome , a neurological condition characterized by physical and verbal tics . He was born in the small town of Saint-Gervais-les-Trois-Clochers in the district of Châtellerault , near the city of Loudun . He could be retrospectively classified as a neurologist , but the field did not exist in his time . During 1873 Tourette began medical studies at Poitiers . He later relocated to Paris where he became a student , amanuensis , and house physician of his mentor , the influential contemporary neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot , director of the Salpêtrière Hospital . Charcot also helped him to advance in his academic career . Tourette studied and lectured in psychotherapy , hysteria and medical and legal ramifications of mesmerism -LRB- modern-day hypnosis -RRB- . Tourette described the symptoms of Tourette 's syndrome in nine patients in 1884 , using the name `` maladie des tics '' . Charcot renamed the syndrome `` Gilles de la Tourette 's illness '' in his honor . In 1893 , a former female patient shot Tourette in the head , claiming he had hypnotized her against her will . Both Tourette and many modern hypnologists state that this is impossible . His mentor , Charcot , had died recently , and his young son had also died recently . After these events , Tourette began to experience mood swings between depression and hypomania . Nevertheless , he organized public lectures in which he spoke about literacy , mesmerism and theatre . Tourette published an article on hysteria in the German Army , which angered Bismarck , and a further article about unhygienic conditions in the floating hospitals on the river Thames . With Gabriel Legué he analyzed abbess Jeanne des Anges ' account of her hysteria that was allegedly based on her unrequited love for a priest Urbain Grandier , who was later burned for witchcraft . Around 1902 , Tourette 's condition worsened and he was dismissed from his post . Gilles de la Tourette died on 26 May 1904 in a psychiatric hospital in Lausanne , Switzerland . ", "Tick-borne encephalitis -LRB- TBE -RRB- is a viral infectious disease involving the central nervous system . The disease most often manifests as meningitis , encephalitis , or meningoencephalitis . Although TBE is most commonly recognized as a neurological disorder , mild fever can also occur . Long-lasting or permanent neuropsychiatric sequelae are observed in 10 to 20 % of infected patients . The number of reported cases has been increasing in most countries . The tick-borne encephalitis virus is known to infect a range of hosts including ruminants , birds , rodents , carnivores , horses and humans . The disease can also be zoonotic , with ruminants and dogs providing the principal source of infection for humans . TBE , like Lyme disease , is one of the many tick-borne diseases . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Solanum", "Doronicum_pardalianches", "Phalanta_alcippe", "Leopard_-LRB-disambiguation-RRB-", "Tiger" ]

[ "Solanum is a large and diverse genus of flowering plants , which include two food crops of high economic importance , the potato and the tomato . It also contains the nightshades and horse nettles , as well as numerous plants cultivated for their ornamental flowers and fruit . Solanum species show a wide range of growing habits , such as annual and perennials , vines , subshrubs , shrubs , and small trees . Many formerly independent genera like Lycopersicon -LRB- the tomatoes -RRB- and Cyphomandra are now included in Solanum as subgenera or sections . Thus , the genus today contains roughly 1,500 -- 2,000 species . ", "Doronicum pardaliances , known as leopard 's - bane , is , like other members of the genus Doronicum , a herbaceous perennial with rhizomes . It has upright stems growing to , with heart-shaped basal leaves and yellow flowers , generally across . ", "Phalanta alcippe , the small leopard , is a butterfly of the nymphalid or brush-footed butterfly family found in Asia . ", "The leopard -LRB- Panthera pardus -RRB- is one of the five `` big cats '' in the genus Panthera . Leopard may also refer to : ", "The tiger -LRB- Panthera tigris -RRB- is the largest cat species , most recognisable for their pattern of dark vertical stripes on reddish-orange fur with a lighter underside . The species is classified in the genus Panthera with the lion , leopard , jaguar and snow leopard . Tigers are apex predators , primarily preying on ungulates such as deer and bovids . They are territorial and generally solitary but social animals , often requiring large contiguous areas of habitat that support their prey requirements . This , coupled with the fact that they are indigenous to some of the more densely populated places on Earth , has caused significant conflicts with humans . Tigers once ranged widely across eastern Eurasia , from the Black Sea in the west , to the Indian Ocean in the south , and from Kolyma to Sumatra in the east . Over the past 100 years , they have lost 93 % of their historic range , and have been extirpated from Western and Central Asia , from the islands of Java and Bali , and from large areas of Southeast , Southern and Eastern Asia . Today , they range from the Siberian taiga to open grasslands and tropical mangrove swamps . The remaining six tiger subspecies have been classified as endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature -LRB- IUCN -RRB- . The global population in the wild is estimated to number between 3,062 and 3,948 individuals , down from around 100,000 at the start of the 20th century , with most remaining populations occurring in small pockets isolated from each other , of which about 2,000 exist on the Indian subcontinent . A 2016 global census estimated the population of wild tigers at approximately 3,890 individuals . Major reasons for population decline include habitat destruction , habitat fragmentation and poaching . The extent of area occupied by tigers is estimated at less than 1184911 km2 , a 41 % decline from the area estimated in the mid-1990s . In 2016 , wildlife conservation group at WWF declared that world 's count of wild tigers has risen for the first time in a century . Tigers are among the most recognisable and popular of the world 's charismatic megafauna . They have featured prominently in ancient mythology and folklore , and continue to be depicted in modern films and literature . They appear on many flags , coats of arms , and as mascots for sporting teams . The tiger is the national animal of Bangladesh , India , Malaysia and South Korea . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Cars_3", "Cars_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Cars_Toons", "Danganronpa", "Chris_Harris_on_Cars" ]

[ "Cars 3 is an upcoming 2017 American 3D computer-animated comedy film produced by Pixar Animation Studios and scheduled to be released on June 16 , 2017 by Walt Disney Pictures . It is the eighteenth Pixar film , the third installment in the Cars franchise , a sequel to Cars 2 -LRB- 2011 -RRB- and a threequel to Cars -LRB- 2006 -RRB- . It is being directed by Brian Fee , a storyboard artist on Cars -LRB- 2006 -RRB- and Cars 2 -LRB- 2011 -RRB- . It will be the first film he has directed . ", "Cars is a 2006 American computer-animated comedy-adventure film produced by Pixar Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures . Directed and co-written by John Lasseter , it is Pixar 's final independently-produced motion picture before its purchase by Disney in May 2006 . Set in a world populated entirely by anthropomorphic cars and other vehicles , the film stars the voices of Owen Wilson , Paul Newman -LRB- in his final acting role -RRB- , Bonnie Hunt , Larry the Cable Guy , Tony Shalhoub , Cheech Marin , Michael Wallis , George Carlin , Paul Dooley , Jenifer Lewis , Guido Quaroni , Michael Keaton , Katherine Helmond and John Ratzenberger . Race car drivers Dale Earnhardt , Jr. , Mario Andretti , Michael Schumacher and car enthusiast Jay Leno -LRB- as `` Jay Limo '' -RRB- voice themselves . Cars premiered on May 26 , 2006 at Lowe 's Motor Speedway in Concord , North Carolina , and was theatrically released on June 9 , 2006 to mostly positive reviews from critics . It was nominated for two Academy Awards including Best Animated Feature , and won the Golden Globe Award for Best Animated Feature Film . The film was released on DVD on November 7 , 2006 and on Blu-ray in 2007 . The film was accompanied by the short One Man Band for its theatrical and home media releases . Merchandise based on the film -LRB- including scale models of several of the cars -RRB- broke records for retail sales of merchandise based on a Disney/Pixar film , bringing an estimated $ 10 billion for 5 years after the film 's release . The film was dedicated to Joe Ranft , who was killed in a car accident during the film 's production . A sequel , titled Cars 2 , was released on June 24 , 2011 , and a spin-off film titled Planes , produced by DisneyToon Studios , was released on August 9 , 2013 , which was followed by its own sequel , Planes : Fire & Rescue , released on July 18 , 2014 . A series of short animated films titled Cars Toons debuted in 2008 on Disney Channel and Disney XD . A second sequel , Cars 3 , is scheduled for release on June 16 , 2017 . ", "Cars Toons is a series of American computer-animated short films by Pixar . It features Lightning McQueen and Mater from Cars . Larry the Cable Guy reprises his role as Mater while Keith Ferguson replaces Owen Wilson as Lightning McQueen -LRB- until The Radiator Springs 500 1/2 when Wilson reprises his role -RRB- . The series ' first broadcast was on October 27 , 2008 on Toon Disney , Disney Channel , and ABC Family . Not exclusive to television , some of those episodes have also premiered on DVDs / Blu-rays or as a theatrical short . ", "is a video game franchise created and developed by Spike Chunsoft -LRB- formerly Spike -RRB- for the PlayStation Portable , PlayStation Vita , PlayStation 4 , iOS , Android , and home computers . The series currently consists of four main titles ; three visual novel games , Danganronpa : Trigger Happy Havoc , Danganronpa 2 : Goodbye Despair , and Danganronpa V3 : Killing Harmony , and a spin-off adventure game , Danganronpa Another Episode : Ultra Despair Girls . Multiple smartphone titles , as well as various manga and novel adaptations and spin-off series , have also been released , and two anime television series , Danganronpa : The Animation and Danganronpa 3 : The End of Hope 's Peak High School , have been produced by Lerche . The games are published in North America and Europe by NIS America . The series ' name is a compound of and . ", "Chris Harris on Cars is a British-American motoring television series , presented by Chris Harris , and broadcast by BBC America from July 11 , 2016 . It is a spinoff show to Top Gear , and is also a television remake of YouTube channel Chris Harris on Cars . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "Elizabeth_of_York", "Elizabeth_I_of_England", "Margaret_Holland,_Duchess_of_Clarence", "Children_of_Henry_VIII", "Maud_Francis,_Countess_of_Salisbury" ]

[ "Elizabeth of York -LRB- 11 February 1466 -- 11 February 1503 -RRB- was queen consort of England from 1486 until her death . As the wife of Henry VII , she was the first Tudor queen . She was the daughter of Edward IV and niece of Richard III , and she married the king following Henry 's victory at the Battle of Bosworth which started the last phase of the Wars of the Roses . She was the mother of King Henry VIII . Therefore , she was the daughter , sister , niece , wife , mother and grandmother of successive Kings of England . The period of Henry VI 's readaption from October 1470 until April 1471 and the period between her father 's death in 1483 , when she was 17 , and the making of peace between her mother and her uncle Richard were violent and anxious interludes in what was mostly a peaceful life . Her two brothers disappeared , the `` Princes in the Tower '' , their fate unknown . She was welcomed back to court by her Uncle Richard III , along with all of her sisters . As a Yorkist princess , the final victory of the Lancastrian faction in the War of the Roses may have seemed a further disaster , but Henry Tudor knew the importance of Yorkist support for his invasion and promised to marry her before he arrived in England ; this was an important move , which , however , failed to bring him the desired Yorkist support . Her marriage seems to have been successful , though her eldest son Arthur , Prince of Wales , died at age 15 in 1502 , and three other children died young . She seems to have played little part in politics . Her surviving children became a King of England and queens of France and Scotland ; it is through the Scottish Stuart dynasty that her many modern royal descendants trace their descent from her . ", "Elizabeth I -LRB- 7 September 1533 -- 24 March 1603 -RRB- was Queen of England and Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death . Sometimes called The Virgin Queen , Gloriana or Good Queen Bess , the childless Elizabeth was the last monarch of the Tudor dynasty . Elizabeth was the daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn , his second wife , who was executed two-and-a-half years after Elizabeth 's birth . Anne 's marriage to Henry VIII was annulled , and Elizabeth was declared illegitimate . Her half-brother , Edward VI , ruled until his death in 1553 , bequeathing the crown to Lady Jane Grey and ignoring the claims of his two half-sisters , Elizabeth and the Roman Catholic Mary , in spite of statute law to the contrary . Edward 's will was set aside and Mary became queen , deposing Lady Jane Grey . During Mary 's reign , Elizabeth was imprisoned for nearly a year on suspicion of supporting Protestant rebels . In 1558 , Elizabeth succeeded her half-sister to the throne and set out to rule by good counsel . She depended heavily on a group of trusted advisers , led by William Cecil , 1st Baron Burghley . One of her first actions as queen was the establishment of an English Protestant church , of which she became the Supreme Governor . This Elizabethan Religious Settlement was to evolve into the Church of England . It was expected that Elizabeth would marry and produce an heir to continue the Tudor line . She never did , despite numerous courtships . As she grew older , Elizabeth became famous for her virginity . A cult grew around her which was celebrated in the portraits , pageants , and literature of the day . In government , Elizabeth was more moderate than her father and half-siblings had been . One of her mottoes was `` video et taceo '' -LRB- `` I see but say nothing '' -RRB- . In religion , she was relatively tolerant and avoided systematic persecution . After the pope declared her illegitimate in 1570 and released her subjects from obedience to her , several conspiracies threatened her life , all of which were defeated with the help of her ministers ' secret service . Elizabeth was cautious in foreign affairs , manoeuvring between the major powers of France and Spain . She only half-heartedly supported a number of ineffective , poorly resourced military campaigns in the Netherlands , France , and Ireland . By the mid-1580s , England could no longer avoid war with Spain . England 's defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588 associated Elizabeth with one of the greatest military victories in English history . Elizabeth 's reign is known as the Elizabethan era . The period is famous for the flourishing of English drama , led by playwrights such as William Shakespeare and Christopher Marlowe , and for the seafaring prowess of English adventurers such as Francis Drake . Some historians depict Elizabeth as a short-tempered , sometimes indecisive ruler , who enjoyed more than her share of luck . Towards the end of her reign , a series of economic and military problems weakened her popularity . Elizabeth is acknowledged as a charismatic performer and a dogged survivor in an era when government was ramshackle and limited , and when monarchs in neighbouring countries faced internal problems that jeopardised their thrones . Such was the case with Elizabeth 's rival , Mary , Queen of Scots , whom she imprisoned in 1568 and had executed in 1587 . After the short reigns of Elizabeth 's half-siblings , her 44 years on the throne provided welcome stability for the kingdom and helped forge a sense of national identity . ", "Margaret Holland , Countess of Somerset -LRB- 1385 -- 31 December 1439 -RRB- was the daughter of Thomas Holland , 2nd Earl of Kent , who was the son of Joan `` the Fair Maid of Kent '' -LRB- granddaughter of Edward I of England , wife of Edward the Black Prince and mother of Richard II of England -RRB- . Margaret 's mother was Alice FitzAlan , daughter of Richard FitzAlan , 10th Earl of Arundel and Eleanor of Lancaster . Margaret married John Beaufort , 1st Earl of Somerset , son of John of Gaunt , 1st Duke of Lancaster and his mistress Katherine Swynford . They had six children : Henry Beaufort , 2nd Earl of Somerset -LRB- c. 1401 -- 25 November 1418 -RRB- . John Beaufort , 1st Duke of Somerset -LRB- baptized 25 March 1404 -- 27 May 1444 -RRB- . Thomas Beaufort , Count of Perche -LRB- c. 1405 -- 1431 -RRB- . Lady Joan Beaufort -LRB- c. 1406 -- 15 July 1445 -RRB- , who married James I of Scotland and Sir James Stewart , the Black Knight of Lorn . Edmund Beaufort , 2nd Duke of Somerset -LRB- c. 1406 -- 22 May 1455 -RRB- . Lady Margaret Beaufort , Countess of Devon -LRB- c. 1409 -- 1449 -RRB- , married Thomas de Courtenay , 13th Earl of Devon . In 1399 , she was invested as a Lady Companion , Order of the Garter -LRB- L.G. -RRB- . After Beaufort died in 1410 -LRB- in the Tower of London -RRB- , she married his nephew Thomas of Lancaster , 1st Duke of Clarence , the son of King Henry IV . They had no children . She died on 31 December 1439 at St. Saviour 's Abbey , Bermondsey , in London , England . Margaret and both her husbands are buried together in a carved alabaster tomb in Canterbury Cathedral that shows her lying between the two of them . ", "Henry VIII of England had several children . The best-known are the three legitimate children who survived Henry and succeeded him as monarchs of England successively , Edward VI , Mary I and Elizabeth I. His first two wives , Catherine of Aragon and Anne Boleyn , had several pregnancies that ended in stillbirth , miscarriage , or death in infancy . Henry acknowledged one illegitimate child , Henry FitzRoy , as his own , but is suspected to have fathered several illegitimate children by different mistresses . The number and identity of these is a matter of historical debate . There are many theories about whether Henry VIII had fertility difficulties . His last three wives , Anne of Cleves , Catherine Howard and Catherine Parr are not known to have conceived by him , although Parr conceived in her next marriage . ", "Maud Francis , Countess of Salisbury -LRB- c. 1370 -- c. 1424 -RRB- was daughter of Sir Adam Francis , born 1362 , Mayor of London , and Agnes Champnes . She was married and widowed three times . Her first husband was John Aubrey -LRB- son of another Mayor of London , Andrew Aubrey -RRB- and her second Sir Alan Buxhull , KG in 1372 . Her third husband was John Montacute , 3rd Earl of Salisbury , and they had five children : Richard Montacute Thomas Montacute , 4th Earl of Salisbury Lady Anne Montacute who married Sir Richard II Hankford as his second wife , then Sir Lewis Johan as his second wife and thirdly John Holland , 2nd Duke of Exeter as his third wife . Lady Anne was the mother of Anne Hankford by her first marriage . Lady Margaret Montacute Lady Elizabeth Montacute Following the death of Mary de Bohun , her son , the future Henry V , was given into the care of the Earl and Countess of Salisbury by his father , Henry Bolingbroke , the future King Henry IV of England . They cared for him at the manor of Courtfield in Herefordshire . An effigy in the church at Welsh Bicknor is believed to be that of the countess . In 1400 , the Earl of Salisbury was executed for treason by King Henry IV . In 1420 , Maud petitioned King Henry V to have the earl 's remains transferred from Cirencester Abbey to Bisham Priory . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 0, 2 ]

[ "Small_Solar_System_body", "-LRB-455502-RRB-_2003_UZ413", "Near-Earth_object", "SDSS_J0106-1000", "-LRB-66391-RRB-_1999_KW4" ]

[ "A Small Solar System Body -LRB- SSSB -RRB- is an object in the Solar System that is neither a planet , nor a dwarf planet , nor a natural satellite . The term was first defined in 2006 by the International Astronomical Union . This encompasses all comets and all minor planets other than those that are dwarf planets . Thus SSSBs are : the classical asteroids with the exception of the dwarf planet Ceres ; the trojans ; and the centaurs and trans-Neptunian objects with the exception of Pluto , Haumea , Makemake , Eris , and others that may turn out to be dwarf planets . ", ", also written as 2003 UZ413 , is a trans-Neptunian object -LRB- TNO -RRB- with an absolute magnitude of 4.4 . It has a 2:3 orbital resonance with Neptune , which makes it a plutino . It is likely large enough to be a dwarf planet . It has been observed 79 times over 15 oppositions , with precovery images back to 1954 . ", "A near-Earth object -LRB- NEO -RRB- is any small Solar System body whose orbit brings it into proximity with Earth . By definition , a solar system body is a NEO if its closest approach to the Sun -LRB- perihelion -RRB- is less than 1.3 astronomical unit -LRB- AU -RRB- . NEOs include more than fourteen thousand near-Earth asteroids -LRB- NEAs -RRB- , more than one hundred near-Earth comets -LRB- NECs -RRB- , and a number of solar-orbiting spacecraft and meteoroids , large enough to be tracked in space before striking the Earth . It is now widely accepted that collisions in the past have had a significant role in shaping the geological and biological history of the Earth . NEOs have become of increased interest since the 1980s because of increased awareness of the potential danger some of the asteroids or comets pose , and mitigations are being researched . In January 2016 , NASA announced the Planetary Defense Coordination Office to track NEOs larger than 30 to 50 meters in diameter and coordinate an effective threat response and mitigation effort . NEAs have orbits that lie partly between 0.983 and 1.3 AU away from the Sun . When a NEA is detected it is submitted to the IAU 's Minor Planet Center for cataloging . Some NEAs orbits intersect that of Earth 's so they pose a collision danger . The United States , European Union , and other nations are currently scanning for NEOs in an effort called Spaceguard . In the United States and since 1998 , NASA has a congressional mandate to catalogue all NEOs that are at least 1 kilometer wide , as the impact of such an object would be globally catastrophic . In 2006 , it was estimated that 20 % of the mandated objects had not yet been found . In 2011 , largely as a result of NEOWISE , it was estimated that 93 % of the NEAs larger than 1 km had been found and that only about 70 remained to be discovered . , there have been 875 NEAs larger than 1 km discovered , of which 157 are potentially hazardous . The inventory is much less complete for smaller objects , which still have potential for large scale , though not global , damage . Potentially hazardous objects -LRB- PHOs -RRB- are currently defined based on parameters that measure the object 's potential to make threatening close approaches to the Earth . Mostly objects with an Earth minimum orbit intersection distance -LRB- MOID -RRB- of 0.05 AU or less and an absolute magnitude -LRB- H -RRB- of 22.0 or brighter -LRB- a rough indicator of large size -RRB- are considered PHOs . Objects that can not approach closer to the Earth -LRB- i.e. MOID -RRB- than 0.05 AU , or are smaller than about 150 m -LRB- 500 ft -RRB- in diameter -LRB- i.e. H = 22.0 with assumed albedo of 13 % -RRB- , are not considered PHOs . NASA 's catalog for near-Earth objects also includes the approach distances of asteroids and comets measured in lunar distances , and this usage has become a common unit of measure used by the news media in discussing these objects . Some NEOs are of special interest because they can be physically explored with lower mission velocity than for even the Moon , due to their combination of low velocity with respect to Earth -LRB- ΔV -RRB- and weak gravity , so they may present interesting scientific opportunities both for direct geochemical and astronomical investigation , and as potentially economical sources of extraterrestrial materials for human exploitation . This makes them an attractive target for exploration . As of 2016 , three near-Earth objects have been visited by spacecraft . ", "SDSS J0106-1000 -LRB- full name : SDSS J010657.39-100003 .3 -RRB- is a binary star located about 7,800 light-years from Earth in the constellation Cetus . This system consists of two white dwarfs orbiting about each other once every 39 minutes . As of 2011 , it is the shortest period detached binary white dwarf system known . They are separated from each other by only 32 % of the radius of the Sun , so that each dwarf is tidally distorting the other . Despite their proximity to each other , this does not form an eclipsing binary system because the inclination of the orbital plane to the line of sight to the Earth is about . As the two orbit , they are emitting gravitational radiation , causing the two white dwarfs to gradually draw closer together . This will cause the two stars to merge in about 37 million years . Since their masses are 0.17 and 0.43 solar masses , the resulting combined mass will be 0.60 times the mass of the Sun . At this point they are expected to form a subdwarf B star that will begin generating energy through the nuclear fusion of helium . ", ", provisional designation , is a binary asteroid , classified as near-Earth object and potentially hazardous asteroid of the Aten group , approximately 1.3 kilometers in diameter . It was discovered on 20 May 1999 , by Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research -LRB- LINEAR -RRB- at the Lincoln Laboratory 's Experimental Test Site in Socorro , New Mexico , United States . It is also a Mercury-crosser . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "The_Wonder_Years", "Fred_Savage", "British_Academy_Television_Award_for_Best_Drama_Series", "39th_Golden_Globe_Awards", "Wonders_of_a_Godless_World" ]

[ "The Wonder Years is an American television comedy-drama created by Neal Marlens and Carol Black . It ran on ABC from 1988 until 1993 . The pilot aired on January 31 , 1988 , following ABC 's coverage of Super Bowl XXII . The show achieved a spot in the Nielsen Top 30 for four of its six seasons . TV Guide named the show one of the 20 best of the 1980s . After only six episodes aired , The Wonder Years won a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Comedy Series in 1988 . In addition , at age 13 , Fred Savage became the youngest actor ever nominated as Outstanding Lead Actor for a Comedy Series . The show was also awarded a Peabody Award in 1989 , for `` pushing the boundaries of the sitcom format and using new modes of storytelling . '' In total , the series won 22 awards and was nominated for 54 more . In 1997 , `` My Father 's Office '' was ranked # 29 on TV Guide 's 100 Greatest Episodes of All Time , and in the 2009 revised list the pilot episode was ranked # 43 . In 2016 , Rolling Stone ranked The Wonder Years # 63 on its list of 100 Greatest TV Shows of All Time . In 2017 , James Charisma of Paste ranked the show 's opening sequence # 14 on a list of The 75 Best TV Title Sequences of All Time . ", "Frederick Aaron `` Fred '' Savage -LRB- born July 9 , 1976 -RRB- is an American actor , director , and producer . He is best known for his role as Kevin Arnold in the American television series The Wonder Years , which ran from 1988 to 1993 . He has earned several awards and nominations , such as People 's Choice Awards and Young Artist Awards . ", "The British Academy Television Award for Best Drama Series is one of the major categories of the British Academy Television Awards -LRB- BAFTAs -RRB- , the primary awards ceremony of the British television industry . The category is described on the official BAFTA website as being open to drama series which are `` of more than one episode where stand-alone storylines conclude within each episode , but in which the main characters and context continue throughout the series . Only one episode of a series may be entered . '' The award was first given in 1992 , for the awards covering programmes screened in 1991 . Prior to this , drama series had been included in a joint `` Best Drama Series or Serial '' category with serials . From 1992 onwards , they were split in two , with a separate Best Drama Serial category also established . Inspector Morse , Cracker , The Cops , The Street and Happy Valley have all won the category twice , all of them in successive years . ", "39thGolden Globe Awards January 30 , 1982 Film - Drama : On Golden Pond Film - Musical or Comedy : Arthur The 39th Golden Globe Awards , honoring the best in film and television for 1981 , were held on January 30 , 1982 . ", "Wonders of a Godless World is a 2009 novel by Andrew McGahan . Described as `` a kind of modern fable '' that `` verges on fantasy '' , it won the 2009 Aurealis Award for best science fiction novel . It follows the story of an orphan girl who is working in the wards of the insane and incapable , but the inhabitants are thrown into turmoil after a series of strange murders following the arrival of a new patient . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Charles_Howard_Hinton", "Charles_Denison", "Charles_Bayliss", "Charles_Stevenson_-LRB-actor-RRB-", "Charles_Butterworth_-LRB-actor-RRB-" ]

[ "Charles Howard Hinton -LRB- 1853 , United Kingdom -- 30 April 1907 , Washington D.C. , United States -RRB- was a British mathematician and writer of science fiction works titled Scientific Romances . He was interested in higher dimensions , particularly the fourth dimension . He is known for coining the word `` tesseract '' and for his work on methods of visualising the geometry of higher dimensions . ", "Charles Denison -LRB- January 23 , 1818 -- June 27 , 1867 -RRB- was a Democratic member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania . Charles Denison -LRB- nephew of George Denison -RRB- was born in Wyoming Valley , Pennsylvania . He received a liberal education , and was graduated from Dickinson College in Carlisle , Pennsylvania , in 1838 . He studied law , was admitted to the bar in 1840 and commenced practice in Wilkes-Barre , Pennsylvania . Denison was elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-eighth , Thirty-ninth , and Fortieth Congresses and served until his death in Wilkes-Barre . He was a delegate to the 1864 Democratic National Convention . Interment in Forty Fort Cemetery in Kingston , Pennsylvania . ", "Charles Bayliss -LRB- 1850-4 June 1897 -RRB- , photographer , was born in Hadleigh , Suffolk , England in 1850 . He went to Australia with his parents and they arrived in Melbourne in 1854 . ", "Charles Stevenson -LRB- October 13 , 1887 -- July 4 , 1943 -RRB- was an American film actor of the silent era . He appeared in 136 films between 1914 and 1925 . He was born in Sacramento , California , and died in Palo Alto , California . ", "Charles Edward Butterworth -LRB- July 26 , 1896 -- June 13 , 1946 -RRB- was an American actor specializing in comedy roles , often in musicals . Butterworth 's distinct voice was the inspiration for the Cap'n Crunch commercials from the Jay Ward studio . Voice actor Daws Butler based Cap'n Crunch on the voice of Butterworth . " ]

[ 2, 1, 0, 1, 1 ]

[ "Zoe_Saldana", "Zoë_Porphyrogenita", "Zoe_Lee", "Azura_Skye", "Gehana_Vasisth" ]

[ "Zoe Saldana-Perego -LRB- born Zoe Yadira Saldaña Nazario , June 19 , 1978 -RRB- , known professionally as Zoe Saldana or Zoë Saldana , is an American actress and dancer . Following her performances with the theater group Faces , Saldana made her screen debut in an episode of Law & Order -LRB- 1999 -RRB- . Her film career began a year later with Center Stage -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , where she played a struggling ballet dancer , followed by a role in Crossroads -LRB- 2002 -RRB- . Saldana 's breakthrough came in 2009 with the roles of Nyota Uhura in Star Trek and Neytiri in James Cameron 's Avatar -LRB- 2009 -RRB- . The latter film received widespread acclaim , and is the highest-grossing film of all time . Saldana continued her career with films such as Colombiana -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , Guardians of the Galaxy -LRB- 2014 -RRB- and Star Trek Beyond -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . ", "Zoë -LRB- Ζωή `` life '' -LSB- zo'i -RSB- ; 978 -- June 1050 -RRB- reigned as Byzantine Empress alongside her sister Theodora from April 19 to June 11 , 1042 . She was also enthroned as the Empress Consort to a series of co-rulers beginning with Romanos III in 1028 until her death in 1050 while married to Constantine IX . ", "Zoe Lee -LRB- born 15 December 1985 -RRB- is a British rower . She won a silver medal in the women 's eight at the 2016 Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro and a gold medal at the 2016 European Rowing Championships . She read geography at the Hertford College , Oxford and completed her PhD in geography at King 's College London in 2016 . ", "Azura Dawn Storozynski -LRB- born November 8 , 1981 -RRB- , known professionally as Azura Skye , is an American actress who first gained recognition for her role as Jane on The WB television sitcom , Zoe , Duncan , Jack and Jane . She also had 2 episode role as Cassie Newton in the seventh season of Buffy the Vampire Slayer . ", "Vandana Tiwari -LRB- born June 16 , 1993 -RRB- , known by her stage name `` Gehana Vasisth '' , is an Indian actress , model , and television presenter . After working for several brands as a model , she was crowned as Miss Asia Bikini via an online contest . She did more than 70 advertisements . She later entered the film industry through a movie called Filmi Duniya and did minor roles in Telugu cinema later she performed a handful of lead roles . " ]

[ 2, 0, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Benjamin_Franklin", "American_Revolution", "Presidency_of_Benjamin_Harrison", "Elizabeth_Timothy", "The_Greater_Journey" ]

[ "Benjamin Franklin FRS , FRSE -LRB- April 17 , 1790 -RRB- was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States . Franklin was a renowned polymath and a leading author , printer , political theorist , politician , freemason , postmaster , scientist , inventor , civic activist , statesman , and diplomat . As a scientist , he was a major figure in the American Enlightenment and the history of physics for his discoveries and theories regarding electricity . As an inventor , he is known for the lightning rod , bifocals , and the Franklin stove , among other inventions . He facilitated many civic organizations , including Philadelphia 's fire department and the University of Pennsylvania , an Ivy League institution . Franklin earned the title of `` The First American '' for his early and indefatigable campaigning for colonial unity , initially as an author and spokesman in London for several colonies . As the first United States Ambassador to France , he exemplified the emerging American nation . Franklin was foundational in defining the American ethos as a marriage of the practical values of thrift , hard work , education , community spirit , self-governing institutions , and opposition to authoritarianism both political and religious , with the scientific and tolerant values of the Enlightenment . In the words of historian Henry Steele Commager , `` In a Franklin could be merged the virtues of Puritanism without its defects , the illumination of the Enlightenment without its heat . '' To Walter Isaacson , this makes Franklin `` the most accomplished American of his age and the most influential in inventing the type of society America would become . '' Franklin became a successful newspaper editor and printer in Philadelphia , the leading city in the colonies , publishing the Pennsylvania Gazette at the age of 23 . He became wealthy publishing this and Poor Richard 's Almanack , which he authored under the pseudonym `` Richard Saunders '' . After 1767 , he was associated with the Pennsylvania Chronicle , a newspaper that was known for its revolutionary sentiments and criticisms of the British policies . He pioneered and was first president of The Academy and College of Philadelphia which opened in 1751 and later became the University of Pennsylvania . He organized and was the first secretary of the American Philosophical Society and was elected president in 1769 . Franklin became a national hero in America as an agent for several colonies when he spearheaded an effort in London to have the Parliament of Great Britain repeal the unpopular Stamp Act . An accomplished diplomat , he was widely admired among the French as American minister to Paris and was a major figure in the development of positive Franco-American relations . His efforts proved vital for the American Revolution in securing shipments of crucial munitions from France . He was promoted to deputy postmaster-general for the British colonies in 1753 , having been Philadelphia postmaster for many years , and this enabled him to set up the first national communications network . During the Revolution , he became the first US Postmaster General . He was active in community affairs and colonial and state politics , as well as national and international affairs . From 1785 to 1788 , he served as governor of Pennsylvania . He initially owned and dealt in slaves but , by the 1750s , he argued against slavery from an economic perspective and became one of the most prominent abolitionists . His colorful life and legacy of scientific and political achievement , and his status as one of America 's most influential Founding Fathers have seen Franklin honored more than two centuries after his death on coinage and the $ 100 bill , warships , and the names of many towns , counties , educational institutions , and corporations , as well as countless cultural references . ", "The American Revolution was a political upheaval that took place between 1765 and 1783 during which colonists in the Thirteen American Colonies maintained by force of arms their refusal to submit to the authority of the King and Parliament of Great Britain , and founded the independent United States . Starting in 1765 , members of American colonial society rejected the authority of the British Parliament to tax them and to create other laws affecting them without colonial representatives in the government . During the following decade , protests continued to escalate by colonists -LRB- known as Patriots -RRB- , as in the Boston Tea Party in 1773 , during which patriots destroyed a consignment of taxed tea from the Parliament-controlled and favored East India Company . The British responded by closing Boston Harbour , demanding that it would not be re-opened until those responsible for the vandalism of property owned by innocent third party merchants paid for the damages caused by their actions in 1774 in what was known as the Coercive Acts , following which Patriots in the other colonies rallied behind Massachusetts . In late 1774 , the Patriots set up their own alternative government to better coordinate their resistance efforts against Great Britain , while other colonists , known as Loyalists , preferred to remain aligned to the British Crown . Tensions escalated to the outbreak of fighting between Patriot militia and British regulars at Lexington and Concord in April 1775 . The conflict then developed into a global war , during which the Patriots -LRB- and later their French , Spanish , and Dutch allies -RRB- fought the British and Loyalists in what became known as the American Revolutionary War -LRB- 1775 -- 1783 -RRB- . Patriots in each of the thirteen colonies formed Provincial Congresses that assumed power from the old colonial governments and suppressed Loyalism , and from there built a Continental Army under the leadership of General George Washington . The Continental Congress determined King George III 's rule to be tyrannical and infringing the colonists ' `` rights as Englishmen '' , and declared the colonies free and independent states on July 4 , 1776 . The Patriot leadership professed the political philosophies of liberalism and republicanism to reject monarchy and aristocracy , and proclaimed that all men are created equal . Congress rejected British proposals requiring allegiance to the monarchy and abandonment of independence . The British were forced out of Boston in 1776 , but then captured and held New York City for the duration of the war . They blockaded the ports and captured other cities for brief periods , but failed to defeat Washington 's forces . After a failed Patriot invasion of Canada during the winter of 1775 -- 76 , a British army was captured at the Battle of Saratoga in late 1777 , following which the French openly entered the war as allies of the United States . The war later turned to the American South , where the British under the leadership of Charles Cornwallis captured an army at South Carolina but failed to enlist enough volunteers from Loyalist civilians to take effective control of the territory . A combined American -- French force captured a second British army at Yorktown in 1781 , effectively ending the war in the United States . The Treaty of Paris in 1783 formally ended the conflict , confirming the new nation 's complete separation from the British Empire . The United States took possession of nearly all the territory east of the Mississippi River and south of the Great Lakes , with the British retaining control of Canada and Spain taking Florida . Among the significant results of the revolution was the creation of a new Constitution of the United States . The new Constitution established a relatively strong federal national government that included an executive , a national judiciary , and a bicameral Congress that represented states in the Senate and population in the House of Representatives . The Revolution also resulted in the migration of around 60,000 Loyalists to other British territories , especially British North America -LRB- Canada -RRB- . ", "The presidency of Benjamin Harrison began on March 4 , 1889 , when Benjamin Harrison was inaugurated as President of the United States , and ended on March 4 , 1893 . Harrison , a Republican , took office as the 23rd United States president after defeating Democratic incumbent President Grover Cleveland in the 1888 election . Four years later he was defeated for re-election by Cleveland in the 1892 presidential election . Harrison is the only president to be preceded and succeeded by the same individual . Harrison is also the only president to be the grandson of another president . Harrison and the Republican-controlled 51st Congress enacted the most ambitious domestic agenda of the late-nineteenth century . Hallmarks of his administration include the McKinley Tariff , which imposed historic protective trade rates , and the Sherman Antitrust Act , which empowered the federal government to investigate and prosecute trusts . Due in large part to surplus revenues from the tariffs , federal spending reached one billion dollars for the first time during his term . Harrison facilitated the creation of the National Forests through an amendment to the Land Revision Act of 1891 , and substantially strengthened and modernized the Navy . He proposed , in vain , federal education funding as well as voting rights enforcement for African Americans during his administration . In foreign policy , Harrison sought tariff reciprocity in Latin America and increased U.S. influence across the Pacific . Harrison 's presidency saw the addition of six new states , more than any other president . Although many have praised Harrison 's commitment to African Americans ' voting rights , scholars and historians generally regard his administration as below-average , and rank him in the bottom half among U.S. presidents . Historians , however , have not questioned Harrison 's commitment to personal and official integrity . With his ambitious domestic policy and assertive foreign policy , Harrison set a precedent for the more powerful presidencies of the 20th century . ", "Elizabeth Timothy or Elisabet Timothee -LRB- 30 June 1702 -- April 1757 -RRB- was a prominent colonial American printer and newspaper publisher in the colony of South Carolina who worked for Benjamin Franklin . She was the first woman in America to become a newspaper publisher and also the first woman to hold a franchise in America . ", "The Greater Journey : Americans in Paris is a 2011 non-fiction book by the Pulitzer Prize-winning author David McCullough . In a departure from McCullough 's most recent works , Founding Fathers like Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Jefferson , who spent time in Paris , are not covered . Instead , the book is about 19th-century Americans like James Fenimore Cooper and Samuel Morse , who migrated to Paris and went on to achieve importance in culture or innovation . Other subjects include Elihu Washburne , the American ambassador to France during the Franco-Prussian War , Elizabeth Blackwell , the first female doctor in the United States , and American artists who worked in Paris such as George Healy , Mary Cassatt , and Augustus Saint-Gaudens . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Pakistan", "History_of_the_Republic_of_Turkey", "List_of_members_of_the_National_Assembly_of_Pakistan_-LRB-1962–65-RRB-", "Algeria–Pakistan_relations", "Bhutan–Pakistan_relations" ]

[ "Pakistan -LRB- -LSB- pɑːkᵻˈstɑːn -RSB- -LSB- -RRB- , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan -LRB- -LSB- -RRB- , is a federal parliamentary republic in South Asia on the crossroads of Central and Western Asia . It is the sixth-most populous country with a population exceeding 201 million people . In terms of area , it is the 33rd-largest country spanning 881,913 km2 . Pakistan has a 1,046 km coastline along the Arabian Sea and its Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by India to the east , Afghanistan to the west , Iran to the southwest , and China in the far northeast , respectively . It is separated from Tajikistan by Afghanistan 's narrow Wakhan Corridor in the north , and also shares a maritime border with Oman . The territory that now constitutes Pakistan is considered a cradle of civilisation that was previously home to several ancient cultures , including the Mehrgarh of the Neolithic and the Bronze Age Indus Valley Civilisation , and later home to kingdoms ruled by people of different faiths and cultures , including Hindus , Indo-Greeks , Muslims , Turco-Mongols , Afghans , and Sikhs . The area has been ruled by numerous empires and dynasties , including the Persian Achaemenid Empire , Alexander of Macedonia , the Indian Mauryan Empire , the Arab Umayyad Caliphate , the Delhi Sultanate , the Mongol Empire , the Mughal Empire , the Durrani Empire , the Sikh Empire , and most recently , the British Empire . Pakistan is unique among Muslim countries in that it is the only country to have been created in the name of Islam . As a result of the Pakistan Movement led by Muhammad Ali Jinnah and the subcontinent 's struggle for independence , Pakistan was created in 1947 as an independent homeland for South Asian Muslims . It is an ethnically and linguistically diverse country , with a similarly diverse geography and wildlife . Initially a dominion , Pakistan adopted a constitution in 1956 , becoming an Islamic republic . An ethnic civil war in 1971 resulted in the secession of East Pakistan as the new country of Bangladesh . In 1973 Pakistan adopted a new constitution establishing , alongside its pre-existing parliamentary republic status , a federal government based in Islamabad consisting of four provinces and four federal territories . The new constitution also stipulated that all laws were to conform to the injunctions of Islam as laid down in the Quran and Sunnah . A regional and middle power , Pakistan has the sixth-largest standing armed forces in the world and is also a nuclear power as well as a declared nuclear-weapons state , being the second in South Asia and the only nation in the Muslim world to have that status . Pakistan has a semi-industrialised economy with a well-integrated agriculture sector , and a growing services sector . The Pakistani economy is the 24th-largest in the world in terms of purchasing power and the 41st-largest in terms of nominal GDP -LRB- World Bank -RRB- . It is ranked among the emerging and growth-leading economies of the world , and is backed by one of the world 's largest and fastest-growing middle classes . The post-independence history of Pakistan has been characterised by periods of military rule , and since 2008 a transition to democracy , amid conflicts with neighbouring India . The country continues to face challenging problems such as illiteracy , healthcare , and corruption , but has substantially reduced poverty and terrorism and expanded per capita income . Pakistan is a member of the United Nations , the Non-Aligned Movement , the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation , the Commonwealth of Nations , the ECO , the SAARC , the Developing Eight , and the G20 developing nations , Group of 24 , Group of 77 , and ECOSOC . It is also an associate member of CERN . Pakistan is a signatory to the Kyoto Protocol , the Paris Agreement , and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights . ", "The Republic of Turkey was created after the overthrow of Sultan Mehmet VI Vahdettin by the new Republican Parliament in 1922 . This new regime delivered the coup de grâce to the Ottoman state which had been practically wiped away from the world stage following the First World War . ", "The 3rd Parliament of Pakistan was the unicameral legislature of Pakistan formed after the 4 years of Martial Law . There were 156 seats of members of Parliament , including 78 from East Bengal and 78 from West Pakistan . ", "Algeria -- Pakistan relations are warm and cordial . Pakistan was one of the first countries to recognize the Provisional Government of Algerian Republic and its Mission was opened in Karachi , the then capital of Pakistan in 1958 . Both sides have convergence of views on issues of international importance . Both countries have also been supporting each other in various multilateral forums including UN , OIC and NAM . Algeria has an embassy in Islamabad and Pakistan has an embassy in Algiers . ", "Bhutan -- Pakistan relations refer to foreign relations between Bhutan and Pakistan . Relations have been active at least since 2004 . Both nations are members of the South Asian Association for Regional Co-operation -LRB- SAARC -RRB- and the United Nations . Neither country has a resident ambassador . They are both Himalayan states and have two common neighbours , China and India . Bhutan has close relations with India , but Pakistani relations with India are more tense , so India has at times viewed Pakistani approaches to Bhutan with suspicion . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Andrew_Moray", "Andrew_Moray_-LRB-justiciar-RRB-", "Archibald_-LRB-bishop_of_Moray-RRB-", "The_Northern_Scot", "Battle_of_Stirling_Bridge" ]

[ "Andrew Moray -LRB- Norman French : Andreu de Moray ; Andreas de Moravia -RRB- , also known as Andrew de Moray , Andrew of Moray , or Andrew Murray , an esquire , was prominent in the Scottish Wars of Independence . He led the rising in north Scotland in the summer of 1297 against the occupation by King Edward I of England , successfully regaining control of the area for King John Balliol . He subsequently merged his forces with those led by William Wallace and jointly led the combined army to victory at the Battle of Stirling Bridge . Moray was mortally wounded in the fighting , dying at an unknown date and place later that year . ", "Sir Andrew Moray of Petty -LRB- died 8 April 1298 -RRB- was Justiciar of Scotia . ", "Archibald -LRB- died 1298 -RRB- was a 13th-century Scottish prelate best known for involvement in a dispute with the Pope . His Flemish name could indicate a connection with the de Douglas or de Moravia families either by kinship or geography , but there is no other direct evidence of this . His origins are not known , but he was almost certainly the Archibald who was Dean of Moray in the years before 1253 . In that year he was consecrated as the successor of Simon de Gunby and Radulf of Lincoln as Bishop of Moray . Through what appears to have been a misunderstanding , Bishop Archibald confirmed the election of one Andrew de Dunn as Dean of Moray . However , the Pope had earlier or simultaneously appointed his own candidate , Nicholas de Hedon , based on an earlier reservation of the position . There was litigation at the Papal see , through which Hedon emerged victorious . Bishop Archibald , apparently concerned he had been placed in a state of excommunication , petitioned Pope Alexander IV and was absolved on 22 December 1255 . Bishop Archibald , like all Scottish bishops , was summonded to the Second Council of Lyon . A provincial council at Perth in 1273 , however , exempted the Bishop of Moray as well as the Bishop of Dunkeld . Bishop Archibald was present at the Convention of Birgham in 1290 . At some point during his episcopate , Uilleam , Mormaer of Ross , committed an outrage to the church or lands of Petty , a church belonging to a canon of Archibald 's cathedral . In compensation , Uilleam granted the bishop some lands in Cadboll and elsewhere in Ross . The bishop was also involved in a dispute with Uilleam , Mormaer of Mar , which in 1268 resulted in the latter 's excommunication . Bishop Archibald built an episcopal residence at Kinneddar , where he resided for much of his episcopate . His episcopate lasted over 45 years , making it one of the longest in medieval Scotland . He died on 9 December 1298 . ", "The Northern Scot is a newspaper published in Moray , Scotland . ", "The Battle of Stirling Bridge was a battle of the First War of Scottish Independence . On 11 September 1297 , the forces of Andrew Moray and William Wallace defeated the combined English forces of John de Warenne , 6th Earl of Surrey , and Hugh de Cressingham near Stirling , on the River Forth . " ]

[ 1, 0, 1, 0, 0 ]

[ "List_of_Gotham_episodes", "Gotham_-LRB-TV_series-RRB-", "Heroes_Rise-COLON-_How_the_Riddler_Got_His_Name", "Gotham_City_Sirens", "Wrath_of_the_Villains-COLON-_A_Legion_of_Horribles" ]

[ "Gotham is an American crime-drama television series developed by Bruno Heller , based on characters appearing in and published by DC Comics in their Batman franchise , primarily those of James Gordon and Bruce Wayne . The series stars Ben McKenzie as the young Gordon , while Heller executive produces along with Danny Cannon , who also directed the pilot . As originally conceived , the series would have served as a straightforward story of Gordon 's early days on the Gotham City police force . Gotham was renewed for a third season in March 2016 , which premiered on September 19 , 2016 . ", "Gotham is an American crime drama television series developed by Bruno Heller , based on characters published by DC Comics and appearing in the Batman franchise , primarily those of James Gordon and Bruce Wayne . The series stars Ben McKenzie as the young Gordon , while Heller executive-produces , along with Danny Cannon , who also directed the pilot . Originally the series would have related only Gordon 's early days on the Gotham City Police Department , but the series subsequently included the Wayne character and the origin stories of several Batman villains , including Penguin , Riddler , Catwoman , Poison Ivy , Two-Face , Scarecrow , Mr. Freeze , and Hugo Strange . Gotham premiered on Fox on September 22 , 2014 . In March 2016 , the series was renewed for a third season which premiered on September 19 , 2016 . In May 2017 , Fox renewed the series for a fourth season . ", "`` Heroes Rise : How the Riddler Got His Name '' is the fifteenth episode and spring premiere of the third season , and 59th episode overall from the Fox series Gotham . The show is itself based on the characters created by DC Comics set in the Batman mythology . It 's also the first episode with the subtitle `` Heroes Rise '' . The episode was written by Megan Mostyn-Brown and directed by TJ Scott . It was first broadcast on April 24 , 2017 . In the episode , following shooting Cobblepot and dropping his body in the Gotham Harbor , Nygma begins to question what path he will take next , having remembered his words that without Cobblepot , he wo n't be anything else . Nygma decides that he will need something or someone to acknowledge who he really is and begins committing crimes that are related to his riddle games in order to find his true purpose : a real enemy . Meanwhile , Bruce continues his training while Gordon talks with his Uncle Frank for information regarding his father 's death and his role in the Court of Owls . The episode received mostly positive reviews , with critics praising the character development and Smith 's performance . ", "Gotham City Sirens is an American comic book series was written by Paul Dini with art by Guillem March and published by DC Comics . The term Gotham City Sirens refers to three of the most popular female characters that inhabit Gotham City , which include Catwoman , Harley Quinn , and Poison Ivy . The first issue of the series was released in June , 2009 , as a part of the Batman : Reborn relaunch in all of DC 's Batman titles . Warner Bros. is developing a film with the same title , although it has not been announced if the film will be based on the comic book series . ", "`` Wrath of the Villains : A Legion of Horribles '' is the twenty-first episode of the second season , and 43rd episode overall from the Fox series Gotham . The episode was written by supervising producer Jordan Harper and directed by Rob Bailey . It was first broadcast on May 16 , 2016 . In the episode , after Azrael 's death , Professor Strange resurrects Fish Mooney . Meanwhile , Bruce sets out to save Selina , who has been attacked by Bridgit Pike , now calling herself `` Firefly '' . This episode marks the return of Jada Pinkett Smith to the series , after her character was killed off in the first-season finale . On January 29 , 2016 she announced her return to the series . She previously stated that she would n't return for the second season . This episode also marks the debut of Clayface . The episode received generally positive reviews , with critics praising the character development for most characters but some criticizing Fish Mooney 's return . " ]

[ 1, 2, 1, 0, 1 ]

[ "Dan_Trachtenberg", "Jon_Hamm", "John_Goodman", "John_DiMaggio", "Richard_Sanders_-LRB-actor-RRB-" ]

[ "Dan Trachtenberg is an American filmmaker and podcast host . He directed the 2016 film 10 Cloverfield Lane . Trachtenberg was one of three hosts of The Totally Rad Show and a former co-host of Geekdrome . Both programs were hosted at Revision3 . Trachtenberg is also the director of the 2011 short film Portal : No Escape , an episode of Black Mirror entitled `` Playtest '' and the director of various television commercials and public service announcements . ", "Jonathan Daniel Hamm -LRB- born March 10 , 1971 -RRB- is an American actor , director , and television producer best known for playing advertising executive Don Draper for the AMC television drama series , Mad Men -LRB- 2007 -- 2015 -RRB- . For much of the mid-1990s , he lived in Los Angeles , making appearances in television series Providence , The Division , What About Brian , and Related . During 2000 , he made his feature movie debut in the space adventure movie Space Cowboys . The next year , he had a minor role in the independent comedy , Kissing Jessica Stein -LRB- 2001 -RRB- . He gained wide recognition when Mad Men began broadcast during July 2007 . His performance earned him the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor in a Television Series -- Drama during 2008 and 2016 and the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series during 2015 . He directed two episodes of the show . During 2008 , Hamm appeared in a remake of the science fiction movie The Day The Earth Stood Still . His first leading movie role was in the 2010 independent thriller Stolen . He also had supporting roles in the movies The Town -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , Sucker Punch -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , and Bridesmaids -LRB- 2011 -RRB- . Hamm has received 16 Primetime Emmy Award nominations for his performances in Mad Men , 30 Rock -LRB- 2006 -- 2013 -RRB- , and Unbreakable Kimmy Schmidt -LRB- 2015 -- present -RRB- . His other television credits include featuring in the Sky Arts series A Young Doctor 's Notebook and guest roles in Parks and Recreation and Wet Hot American Summer : First Day of Camp . He provided his voice to the animated movie Shrek Forever After during 2010 , and during 2015 , he featured in the animated movie Minions . ", "John Stephen Goodman -LRB- born June 20 , 1952 -RRB- is an American actor . Early in his career , he was best known for playing Dan Conner on the ABC TV series Roseanne -LRB- 1988 -- 1997 -RRB- , for which he won a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor in 1993 . He is also a regular collaborator with the Coen brothers on such films as Raising Arizona -LRB- 1987 -RRB- , Barton Fink -LRB- 1991 -RRB- , The Big Lebowski -LRB- 1998 -RRB- , O Brother , Where Art Thou ? -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , and Inside Llewyn Davis -LRB- 2013 -RRB- . Goodman 's voice roles in animated films include Pacha in Disney 's The Emperor 's New Groove -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , and Sulley in Pixar 's Monsters , Inc. -LRB- 2001 -RRB- , and Monsters University -LRB- 2013 -RRB- . His other film performances include lead roles in The Babe -LRB- 1992 -RRB- , The Flintstones -LRB- 1994 -RRB- and 10 Cloverfield Lane -LRB- 2016 -RRB- and supporting roles in Coyote Ugly -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , The Artist -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , Argo -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , Flight -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , The Hangover Part III -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , and Patriots Day -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . On television , he has had regular roles on Amazon Studios ' Alpha House and on the first season of HBO 's Treme and has been one of the most frequent hosts of Saturday Night Live , as well as guest roles on series such as Community . John Heilpern of Vanity Fair has called him `` among our very finest actors '' . ", "John William DiMaggio -LRB- born September 4 , 1968 -RRB- is an American actor , voice actor and comedian , known for his gruff voice , and for his work as Bender from the television show Futurama , Jake the Dog on Adventure Time , and Marcus Fenix in the hit Xbox video game Gears Of War . Other voice-over roles of his include Dr. Drakken and Motor Ed on Kim Possible , Brother Blood on Teen Titans , Rico in The Penguins of Madagascar , Fu Dog and Ogre In American Dragon : Jake Long , Niblet on Pound Puppies , the Scotsman on Samurai Jack , and as the voice of Shnitzel on Chowder . ", "Richard Kinard Sanders -LRB- born August 23 , 1940 -RRB- is an American actor best known for playing the quirky news anchorman Les Nessman on the television sitcom , WKRP in Cincinnati . Sanders was born in Harrisburg , Pennsylvania , the son of Thelma S. and Henry Irvine Sanders . After graduating from Leavenworth High School in Leavenworth , Kansas , he was enrolled in the Fine Arts Department at Carnegie Institute of Technology -LRB- now known as Carnegie Mellon University -RRB- as an acting major from 1958 to 1962 . There he was a classmate of Rene Auberjonois and Aubrey Wilson , among others . After graduation , Sanders studied Shakespearean theatre in England on a Fulbright Scholarship , and served a stint with the Peace Corps in the states of Paraiba and Rio Grande do Norte , Brazil . Sanders joined Gordon Jump and Frank Bonner in reprising his original WKRP role on The New WKRP in Cincinnati in the early 1990s . He has guest appeared on other television shows , including Lou Grant , Kojak , The Rockford Files , Alice , Newhart , Murder , She Wrote , Designing Women , and Married ... with Children , and has also acted in the mini-series Roots : The Next Generations , the animated series Inhumanoids , the horror film Lovers Lane , and the Robert De Niro/Cuba Gooding Jr. film Men of Honor . Besides being an actor , Sanders is a screenwriter , having written , among other works , several episodes of WKRP in Cincinnati . In 1993 , he starred in the computer game Day of the Tentacle as the voice of Bernard . " ]

[ 0, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "House_of_Balloons", "Balloons_-LRB-song-RRB-", "Pop!_The_Balloon_Dog_Puzzle_Game", "Mixtape_-LRB-Hadouken!_EP-RRB-", "Remixes_-LRB-The_Postmarks_EP-RRB-" ]

[ "House of Balloons is the debut mixtape by Canadian singer The Weeknd . It was released as a free download on March 21 , 2011 , by XO . The mixtape was also released on his official website . Its music incorporates electronic and urban genres , including R&B and soul , along with trip hop , indie rock and dream pop tones . The contributions to the mixtape 's production came from Canadian record producers such as Doc McKinney , Zodiac and Illangelo , among others . In September 2013 , The Weeknd revealed that the House of Balloons is a real place , located at 65 Spencer Ave in Toronto . ", "`` Balloons '' is the first single from the album Antidotes by Foals . It is their fourth single in total to date . It was released as a digital download on 9 December 2007 and on CD and vinyl the following day . The video was directed by Dave Ma and features crows , dancers in flapper dresses , a wall of flowers and Foals ' artwork maestro Tinhead painting on a wall . Singer Yannis has described the crows as representing coal or fuel . `` Balloons '' peaked at number 39 on the UK singles chart , and was voted in at 86 in NME 's 100 Tracks of the Decade . ", "Pop ! The Balloon Dog Puzzle Game is an American indie game for PC produced by Zero Entertainment . The game was released in 1996 . The aim of the game is to lead the eponymous Pop , a dog made of balloons , through 200 levels , also made of balloons . ", "Mixtape is a collection of tracks merged by Leeds-based grindie band Hadouken ! to create a mixtape . The tracks include Hadouken ! remixes of other songs , and a demo version of the band 's debut single , That Boy That Girl . The mixtape was released as a free digital download following the band 's previous single , Liquid Lives . ", "Remixes EP is an EP by The Postmarks , released in 2006 . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Alberto_Contador", "Louis_Malle", "Academy_Award_for_Best_Actor", "Willy_Signori_e_vengo_da_lontano", "9th_César_Awards" ]

[ "Alberto Contador Velasco -LRB- -LSB- alˈβerto kontaˈðor βeˈlasko -RSB- ; born 6 December 1982 -RRB- is a Spanish professional cyclist , one of six riders to have won all three Grand Tours of road cycling . He was the winner of the 2007 Tour de France with the team . With the Astana team he has won the 2008 Giro d'Italia , the 2008 Vuelta a España and the 2009 Tour de France . He initially also won the 2010 Tour de France with this team , and the 2011 Giro d'Italia with team Saxo Bank-SunGard , only to be stripped of these titles later having been found guilty of a doping offence . Following his return from a suspension , he won the 2012 Vuelta a España , the 2014 Vuelta a España and the 2015 Giro d'Italia . Notable summit stage finishes on which he has victories include the Alto de El Angliru in the Vuelta , the Plateau de Beille in the Tour and Mount Etna in the Giro . After being widely expected to lose his tenuous lead in the 2007 Tour de France in that race 's final individual time trial , Contador has become a more accomplished time trialist , with several victories in the discipline . He has earned a reputation as an all-rounder , a cyclist who excels in all aspects of stage racing which are needed for high places in the general classification . Contador 's career has been marked by doping allegations . The Operación Puerto doping case led his team -LRB- a team restructured to the current Astana team -RRB- to withdraw en masse from the 2006 Tour de France before it began . He was eventually cleared of any wrongdoing . In September 2010 , Contador announced that he had tested positive for clenbuterol in a control taken during that year 's Tour de France , in which he finished as winner , but although he was suspended during an investigation , he was cleared by the RFEC . A review by the Court of Arbitration for Sport initially set for June 2011 was later deferred several times until February 2012 , when the CAS decided that Contador be stripped of the results obtained in the 2010 Tour de France and later , which also caused him to lose his 2011 Giro d'Italia victory . He was also suspended until 5 August 2012 , and his contract with was annulled . Upon the completion of his ban , Contador rejoined the renamed team . ", "Louis Marie Malle -LRB- -LSB- mal -RSB- ; 30 October 1932 -- 23 November 1995 -RRB- was a French film director , screenwriter , and producer . His film Le Monde du silence won the Palme d'Or in 1956 and the Academy Award for Best Documentary in 1957 , although he was not credited at the ceremony with the award instead being presented to the film 's co-director Jacques Cousteau . Later in his career he was nominated multiple times for Academy Awards . Malle is also one of the few directors to have won the Golden Lion multiple times . Malle worked in both French cinema and Hollywood , and he produced both French and English language films . His most famous films include the crime film Ascenseur pour l'échafaud -LRB- 1958 -RRB- , the World War II drama Lacombe , Lucien -LRB- 1974 -RRB- , the romantic crime film Atlantic City -LRB- 1980 -RRB- , the comedy-drama My Dinner with Andre -LRB- 1981 -RRB- , and the autobiographical film Au revoir les enfants -LRB- 1987 -RRB- . ", "The Academy Award for Best Actor is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences -LRB- AMPAS -RRB- . It is given in honor of an actor who has delivered an outstanding performance in a leading role while working within the film industry . The 1st Academy Awards ceremony was held in 1929 with Emil Jannings receiving the award for his roles in The Last Command and The Way of All Flesh . Currently , nominees are determined by single transferable vote within the actors branch of AMPAS ; winners are selected by a plurality vote from the entire eligible voting members of the Academy . In the first three years of the awards , actors were nominated as the best in their categories . At that time , all of their work during the qualifying period -LRB- as many as three films , in some cases -RRB- was listed after the award . However , during the 3rd ceremony held in 1930 , only one of those films was cited in each winner 's final award , even though each of the acting winners had two films following their names on the ballots . The following year , this unwieldy and confusing system was replaced by the current system in which an actor is nominated for a specific performance in a single film . Starting with the 9th ceremony held in 1937 , the category was officially limited to five nominations per year . Since its inception , the award has been given to 79 actors . Daniel Day-Lewis has received the most awards in this category with three Oscars . Spencer Tracy and Laurence Olivier were nominated on nine occasions , more than any other actor . As of the 2017 ceremony , Casey Affleck is the most recent winner in this category for his role as Lee Chandler in Manchester by the Sea . ", "Willy Signori e vengo da lontano is a 1989 Italian romantic comedy film directed by Francesco Nuti . For his performance Alessandro Haber won the Nastro d'Argento for best supporting actor . ", "The 9th César Awards ceremony , presented by the Académie des Arts et Techniques du Cinéma , honoured the best French films of 1983 and took place on 3 March 1984 at the Théâtre de l'Empire in Paris . The ceremony was chaired by Gene Kelly and hosted by Léon Zitrone . Le Bal and À nos amours tied for the award for Best Film . " ]

[ 0, 1, 1, 0, 0 ]

[ "Ed_Decter", "Ed_Morrissey", "Ovo-lacto_vegetarianism", "David_Risher", "Fritz_Springmeier" ]

[ "Edward I. `` Ed '' Decter -LRB- born May 19 , 1959 -RRB- is an American film director , film producer and screenwriter . His credits include , There 's Something About Mary , The Santa Clause 3 , The Santa Clause 2 , The New Guy , The Lizzie McGuire Movie , and television series Boy Meets World , In Plain Sight , and Shadowhunters . He frequently collaborates with fellow producer and writer John J. Strauss . Decter graduated from Wesleyan University in 1979 . ", "Ed Morrissey -LRB- born April 3 , 1963 -RRB- is an American conservative blogger , columnist , motivational speaker , and talk show host . He goes by the nickname Captain Ed and he currently lives in the Twin Cities area of Minnesota . He wrote his original blog , `` Captain 's Quarters '' , from October 2003 to February 2008 . He now works full-time as a blogger for Hot Air . and writes a column for The Week . He also participates in Bloggingheads.tv His opinion articles have appeared in the New York Sun , the New York Post , and the Daily Standard . He is married to the Roman Catholic writer Marcia Morrissey , of Patheos . ", "An ovo-lacto vegetarian -LRB- or lacto-ovo vegetarian -RRB- is a vegetarian who does not eat meat , but does consume some animal products such as eggs and dairy . A typical ovo-lacto vegetarian diet can include fruits , vegetables , grains , nuts , seeds , herbs , roots , fungi , milk , cheese , yogurt , kefir , and eggs . ", "John David Risher -LRB- born July 15 , 1965 -RRB- is an American businessman and philanthropist . He is the President and co-founder of Worldreader , a non-profit organization that aims to bring digital books to the developing world through mobile phones and e-readers . Risher served as an executive at Microsoft Corporation , and was Senior Vice President of US Retail at Amazon.com from 1997 to 2002 . In November 2009 , together with Colin McElwee , he founded Worldreader . ", "Fritz Artz Springmeier -LRB- also known as Viktor E. Schoff -RRB- is an American right wing conspiracy theorist author , formerly a resident of Corbett , Oregon , who has written a number of books claiming that Satanic forces are behind a move toward world domination by various families and organizations . He has described his goal as `` exposing the New World Order agenda . '' " ]

[ 0, 0, 2, 0, 0 ]

[ "Nathan_Brown_-LRB-poet-RRB-", "H._Jackson_Brown,_Jr.", "Dan_Brown", "Joshua_Brown_-LRB-historian-RRB-", "Dan_Cooper" ]

[ "Nathan Brown is an author , singer-songwriter , and award-winning poet who served as the Oklahoma Poet Laureate from 2013 to 2014 . ", "H. Jackson Brown , Jr. is an American author best known for his inspirational book , Life 's Little Instruction Book , which was a New York Times bestseller -LRB- 1991 -- 1994 -RRB- . Its sequel Life 's Little Instruction Book : Volume 2 also made it to the same best seller list in 1993 . ", "Daniel Gerhard `` Dan '' Brown -LRB- born June 22 , 1964 -RRB- is an American author of thriller fiction who wrote the 2003 bestselling novel The Da Vinci Code . Brown 's novels are treasure hunts set in a 24-hour period , and feature the recurring themes of cryptography , keys , symbols , codes , and conspiracy theories . His books have been translated into 52 languages , and as of 2012 , sold over 200 million copies . Three of them , Angels & Demons -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , The Da Vinci Code -LRB- 2003 -RRB- , and Inferno -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , have been adapted into films . Brown 's novels that feature the lead character Robert Langdon also include historical themes and Christianity as motifs , and as a result , have generated controversy . Brown states on his website that his books are not anti-Christian , though he is on a ` constant spiritual journey ' himself , and says that his book The Da Vinci Code is simply `` an entertaining story that promotes spiritual discussion and debate '' and suggests that the book may be used `` as a positive catalyst for introspection and exploration of our faith . '' ", "Joshua Brown is an American social historian , and Executive Director , of the American Social History Project / Center for Media and Learning , at City University of New York . He graduated from City College of New York magna cum laude with a Bachelor of Arts in 1975 , from Columbia University with an M.A. in American History in 1976 , and a Master of Philosophy in American History in 1978 , and with a Ph.D. in 1993 . ", "Dan Cooper -LRB- born April 28 , 1946 in Brooklyn , New York -RRB- is a media entrepreneur , author and founder of 4 LLC , a New York media content development company , was one of the five architects of Fox News and a senior member of the original 20/20 staff . He is also the author of two books , Naked Launch and The Making of The Thorn Birds , a story of the making of the 1983 ABC-broadcast miniseries , The Thorn Birds . " ]

[ 0, 0, 2, 0, 1 ]

[ "Brat_Pack_-LRB-actors-RRB-", "Bratsch_-LRB-band-RRB-", "Zebra_in_the_Kitchen", "Oorummadi_Brathukulu", "Starsky_&_Hutch_-LRB-film-RRB-" ]

[ "The Brat Pack is a nickname given to a group of young actors who frequently appeared together in teen-oriented coming-of-age films in the 1980s . First mentioned in a 1985 New York magazine article , it is now usually defined as the cast members of two specific films released in 1985 -- The Breakfast Club and St. Elmo 's Fire -- although other actors are sometimes included . The `` core '' members are considered to be Emilio Estevez , Anthony Michael Hall , Rob Lowe , Andrew McCarthy , Demi Moore , Judd Nelson , Molly Ringwald , and Ally Sheedy . ", "Bratsch are a French-based music ensemble using influences from Roma -LRB- i.e. `` Gypsy '' -RRB- music , klezmer , jazz and many diverse folk traditions . The group was formed in 1975 by guitarist Dan Gharibian and violinist Bruno Girard , and has released more than ten albums to date . The group is renowned for the diversity of its musical influences and for the virtuosity of its members and guest artists . ", "Zebra in the Kitchen is a 1965 American children 's film produced and directed by Ivan Tors and starring Jay North in his first leading feature film role . It also stars Martin Milner and Andy Devine , with co-stars Joyce Meadows and Jim Davis . The film tells the story of a boy who , when forced to give his pet mountain lion to the local zoo , becomes upset at the living conditions of the animals there and attempts to free them . Originally released by MGM as a children 's matinee feature , the film has subsequently been released on home video by Warner Bros. ' family entertainment division . ", "Oorummadi Bratukulu is a 1976 Telugu film directed by B. S. Narayana . The film won National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Telugu The Nandi Award for Best Actor in 1976 for Rallapalli . ", "Starsky & Hutch is a 2004 American crime-action buddy cop comedy film directed by Todd Phillips . The film stars Ben Stiller as David Starsky and Owen Wilson as Ken `` Hutch '' Hutchinson and is a film adaptation of the original television series of the same name from the 1970s . Two streetwise undercover cops in the fictional city of Bay City , California in the 1970s , bust drug criminals with the help of underworld boss , Huggy Bear . The film functions as a sort of prequel to the TV series , as it portrays when Starsky was first partnered with Hutchinson . The film also switches the personalities of the title characters . While in the TV show , Starsky was curious and streetwise , and Hutch was by-the-book , in the film , Starsky is the serious cop , and Hutch is laid-back . There are four Frat Pack members in this film , although not all are in major roles . The exterior of the Metropolitan Courthouse at 1945 S. Hill St. in Los Angeles was used as the Bay City Police Headquarters . " ]

[ 1, 0, 1, 0, 1 ]

[ "Kareem_Abdul-Jabbar", "Chris_Paul", "Center_-LRB-basketball-RRB-", "1992–93_Washington_Bullets_season", "Wajdi_Dawo" ]

[ "Kareem Abdul-Jabbar -LRB- born Ferdinand Lewis Alcindor Jr. ; April 16 , 1947 -RRB- is an American retired professional basketball player who played 20 seasons in the National Basketball Association -LRB- NBA -RRB- for the Milwaukee Bucks and the Los Angeles Lakers . During his career as a center , Abdul-Jabbar was a record six-time NBA Most Valuable Player -LRB- MVP -RRB- , a record 19-time NBA All-Star , a 15-time All-NBA selection , and an 11-time NBA All-Defensive Team member . A member of six NBA championship teams as a player and two as an assistant coach , Abdul-Jabbar twice was voted NBA Finals MVP . In 1996 , he was honored as one of the 50 Greatest Players in NBA History . NBA coach Pat Riley and players Isiah Thomas and Julius Erving have called him the greatest basketball player of all time . After winning 71 consecutive basketball games on his high school team in New York City , Alcindor attended college at UCLA , where he played for coach John Wooden on three consecutive national championship basketball teams and was a record three-time MVP of the NCAA Tournament . Drafted by the one-season-old Bucks franchise in the 1969 NBA draft with the first overall pick , Alcindor spent six seasons in Milwaukee . After winning his first NBA championship in 1971 , he adopted the Muslim name Kareem Abdul-Jabbar at age 24 . Using his trademark `` skyhook '' shot , he established himself as one of the league 's top scorers . In 1975 , he was traded to the Lakers , with whom he played the last 14 seasons of his career and won five additional NBA championships . Abdul-Jabbar 's contributions were a key component in the `` Showtime '' era of Lakers basketball . Over his 20-year NBA career his team succeeded in making the playoffs 18 times and past the 1st round in 14 of them ; his team reached the NBA Finals 10 times . At the time of his retirement in 1989 , Abdul-Jabbar was the NBA 's all-time leader in points scored -LRB- 38,387 -RRB- , games played -LRB- 1,560 -RRB- , minutes played -LRB- 57,446 -RRB- , field goals made -LRB- 15,837 -RRB- , field goal attempts -LRB- 28,307 -RRB- , blocked shots -LRB- 3,189 -RRB- , defensive rebounds -LRB- 9,394 -RRB- , career wins -LRB- 1,074 -RRB- , and personal fouls -LRB- 4,657 -RRB- . He remains the all-time leading scorer in the NBA , and player with most career wins . He is ranked 3rd all-time in both rebounds and blocks . In 2007 , ESPN voted him the greatest center of all time , in 2008 , they named him the `` greatest player in college basketball history '' , and in 2016 , they named him the second best player in NBA history -LRB- behind Michael Jordan -RRB- . Abdul-Jabbar has also been an actor , a basketball coach , and a best-selling author . In 2012 , he was selected by Secretary of State Hillary Clinton to be a U.S. global cultural ambassador . In 2016 , he received the Presidential Medal of Freedom from President Barack Obama . ", "Christopher Emmanuel Paul -LRB- born May 6 , 1985 -RRB- is an American professional basketball player for the Los Angeles Clippers of the National Basketball Association -LRB- NBA -RRB- . The point guard has won the NBA Rookie of the Year Award , two Olympic gold medals , and led the NBA in assists four times and steals six times . He has also been selected to nine NBA All-Star teams , eight All-NBA teams , and eight All-Defensive teams . Paul was a McDonald 's All-American in high school . He attended Wake Forest University for two years of college basketball where he helped the Demon Deacons achieve their first ever number one ranking . He was selected fourth overall in the 2005 NBA draft by the New Orleans Hornets and traded to the Clippers in 2011 . Off the court , Paul has served as the National Basketball Players Association president since August 2013 . One of the highest-paid athletes in the world , he holds endorsement deals with companies such as Nike and State Farm . ", "The center -LRB- C -RRB- , also known as the five or the big man , is one of the five positions in a regular basketball game . The center is normally the tallest player on the team , and often has a great deal of strength and body mass as well . The tallest player to ever be drafted in the NBA was the 7 ' 8 '' -LRB- 2.33 m -RRB- Yasutaka Okayama from Japan . The tallest players to ever play in the NBA , at 7 ' 7 '' -LRB- 2.31 m -RRB- , are centers Gheorghe Mureșan and Manute Bol . Standing at 7 ' 2 '' -LRB- 2.18 m -RRB- , Margo Dydek is the tallest player to have ever played in the WNBA . ", "The 1992 -- 93 NBA season was the Bullets ' 32nd season in the National Basketball Association . A year after being named Most Improved Player , Pervis Ellison who had a history of injuries played only 49 games . The Bullets struggled after a 7 -- 10 start losing nine consecutive games in December . They lost their final five games of the season , finishing last place in the Atlantic Division with a 22 -- 60 record . Top draft pick Tom Gugliotta made the All-Rookie First Team averaging 14.7 points and 9.6 rebounds per game . On March 19 , 1993 against the Chicago Bulls , second-year guard LaBradford Smith scored a career high of 37 points against Michael Jordan . However , the Bullets lost to the Bulls 104 -- 99 . Following the season , Harvey Grant was traded to the Portland Trail Blazers , and Charles Jones was released , where he would sign as a free agent with the Detroit Pistons during the next season . ", "Wajdi Dawo -LRB- born October 29 , 1988 -RRB- is a Libyan basketball player . He competed as a member of the Libya national basketball team at the FIBA Africa Championship 2009 . Dawo averaged 5 points and 3 rebounds per game in the tournament while playing in seven of Libya 's eight games . In his first extended action for the team , Dawo scored a game high 15 points for the Libyans against Angola in the eighth finals . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Jean-Jacques_Dessalines", "Alba_Encarnación", "Juan_Dalmau", "Jean-Jacques-Antoine_Caussin_de_Perceval", "Maga_Nevares_de_Rosselló" ]

[ "Jean-Jacques Dessalines -LRB- -LSB- ʒɑ̃ ʒak dɛs.salin -RSB- ; 20 September 1758 -- 17 October 1806 -RRB- was a leader of the Haitian Revolution and the first ruler of an independent Haiti under the 1805 constitution . Initially regarded as governor-general , Dessalines later named himself Emperor Jacques I of Haiti -LRB- 1804 -- 1806 -RRB- . He is regarded as a founding father of Haiti . Dessalines served as an officer in the French army , when the colony was fending off Spanish and British incursions . Later he rose to become a commander in the revolt against France . As Toussaint Louverture 's principal lieutenant , he led many successful engagements , including the Battle of Crête-à-Pierrot . After the betrayal and capture of Toussaint Louverture in 1802 , Dessalines became the leader of the revolution . He defeated a French army at the Battle of Vertières in 1803 . Declaring Haiti an independent nation in 1804 , Dessalines was chosen by a council of generals to assume the office of governor-general . He ordered the 1804 Haiti massacre of the white Haitian minority , resulting in the deaths of between 3,000 and 5,000 people , between February and April 1804 . In September 1804 , he proclaimed himself emperor and ruled in that capacity until being assassinated in 1806 . ", "Alba Nidia `` Miss Pupa '' Encarnación Ayala -LRB- February 2 , 1956 - 11 March 2012 -RRB- was a sixth-grade public school teacher and community leader in Vieques , Puerto Rico . A devoted Catholic , she always put God first ; and that was her foundation , passion and strength for living a life of service to others . She advocated for the rights of the people of Vieques and Puerto Rico in general . She was the voice for better Maritime Transportation and health services which are crucial for the people of Vieques , Women 's rights , the poor and the outcast ; fought against prejudice , racism and injustice . She also helped lead the movement to end U.S. Navy bombings in the island-municipality and have the lands expropriated by the Navy in the 1940s returned to civilian use . She died on 11 March 2012 in the hospital del Maestro in Vieques , due to complications of diabetes . Contrary to most leaders in the fight against the use of Vieques lands as a target range and amphibious landing training grounds for Naval and U.S. Marine forces , Encarnación was a supporter of statehood for Puerto Rico , and was highly respected by Puerto Ricans from all political ideologies . In 2008 , during a visit by Chelsea Clinton to Vieques , Encarnación , along with then mayor Dámaso Serrano endorsed Hillary Clinton for President and was instrumental in the New York senator 's 66 % to 34 % win over Barack Obama in Vieques . Puerto Rican Independence Party President Rubén Berríos stated that `` Puerto Rico lost one of the most prominent leaders and spokespersons in the fight against the Navy on the island of Vieques '' In her honor , Governor Luis G. Fortuño ordered all United States and Puerto Rico flags to fly at half-staff at all public facilities in Puerto Rico on the day of her burial . House Speaker Jennifer González announced that one of the Maritime Transportation Authority vessels would be named after the late community leader . ", "Juan Manuel Dalmau Ramírez -LRB- born July 23 , 1973 -RRB- is a Puerto Rican politician , attorney and a former candidate for Governor of Puerto Rico for the Puerto Rican Independence Party . He is currently a member of the Senate of Puerto Rico . ", "Jean-Jacques-Antoine Caussin de Perceval -LRB- 24 June 1759 -- 29 July 1835 -RRB- was an 18th -- 19th-century French orientalist . ", "Irma Margarita `` Maga '' Nevares Padilla is the wife of former Governor of Puerto Rico Pedro Rosselló and mother of the current Governor of Puerto Rico , Ricardo Rosselló . served as First Lady from 1993 to 2001 . " ]

[ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Japan", "Island_country", "Iwate_Prefecture", "Kuroshima_-LRB-Kagoshima-RRB-", "Himeshima,_Ōita" ]

[ "Japan -LRB- 日本 Nippon -LSB- ɲip̚poɴ -RSB- or Nihon -LSB- ɲihoɴ -RSB- formally or Nihon-koku , meaning `` State of Japan '' -RRB- is a sovereign island nation in East Asia . Located in the Pacific Ocean , it lies off the eastern coast of the Asian mainland , and stretches from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the southwest . The kanji that make up Japan 's name mean `` sun origin '' . 日 can be read as ni and means sun , while 本 can be read as hon , or pon and means origin . Japan is often referred to by the famous epithet `` Land of the Rising Sun '' in reference to its Japanese name . Japan is a stratovolcanic archipelago consisting of about 6,852 islands . The four largest are Honshu , Hokkaido , Kyushu and Shikoku , which make up about ninety-seven percent of Japan 's land area and often are referred to as home islands . The country is divided into 47 prefectures in eight regions ; Hokkaido being the northernmost prefecture and Okinawa being the southernmost one . The population of 127 million is the world 's tenth largest . Japanese people make up 98.5 % of Japan 's total population . Approximately 9.1 million people live in the city of Tokyo , the capital of Japan . Archaeological research indicates that Japan was inhabited as early as the Upper Paleolithic period . The first written mention of Japan is in Chinese history texts from the 1st century AD . Influence from other regions , mainly China , followed by periods of isolation , particularly from Western Europe , has characterized Japan 's history . From the 12th century until 1868 , Japan was ruled by successive feudal military shoguns who ruled in the name of the Emperor . Japan entered into a long period of isolation in the early 17th century , which was ended in 1853 when a United States fleet pressured Japan to open to the West . After nearly two decades of internal conflict and insurrection , the Imperial Court regained its political power in 1868 through the help of several clans from Chōshū and Satsuma , and the Empire of Japan was established . In the late 19th and early 20th centuries , victories in the First Sino-Japanese War , the Russo-Japanese War and World War I allowed Japan to expand its empire during a period of increasing militarism . The Second Sino-Japanese War of 1937 expanded into part of World War II in 1941 , which came to an end in 1945 following the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and the Japanese surrender . Since adopting its revised constitution on May 3 , 1947 during the occupation by the SCAP , Japan has maintained a unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy with an Emperor and an elected legislature called the National Diet . Japan is a member of the UN , the OECD , the G7 , the G8 , and the G20 and is considered a great power . The country has the world 's third-largest economy by nominal GDP and the world 's fourth-largest economy by purchasing power parity . It is also the world 's fourth-largest exporter and fourth-largest importer . The country benefits from a highly skilled workforce and is among the most highly educated countries in the world , with one of the highest percentages of its citizens holding a tertiary education degree . Although Japan has officially renounced its right to declare war , it maintains a modern military with the world 's eighth-largest military budget , used for self-defense and peacekeeping roles . Japan is a developed country with a very high standard of living and Human Development Index . Its population enjoys the highest life expectancy and the third lowest infant mortality rate in the world . ", "An island country is a country whose primary territory consists of one or more islands or parts of islands . As of 2011 , 46 -LRB- approximately 24 % -RRB- of the 193 UN member states are island countries . ", "is a prefecture of Japan . It is located in the Tōhoku region of Honshu island and contains the island 's easternmost point . The capital is Morioka . Iwate has the lowest population density of any prefecture outside Hokkaido . Famous attractions include the Buddhist temples of Hiraizumi , including Chūson-ji and Mōtsū-ji with their treasures , Fujiwara no Sato , a movie lot and theme park in Esashi Ward , Oshu City , Tenshochi , a park in Kitakami City known for its big , old cherry trees and Morioka Castle in Morioka City . ", ", is one of the Satsunan Islands , usually classed with the Ōsumi Islands , belonging to Kagoshima Prefecture , Japan . The island , 15.37 km ² in area , has a population of 199 persons . The island can only be reached by ferry service to the city of Kagoshima on the mainland , as there is no airport . Travel time is about 6 hours . The islanders are dependent mainly on fishing , agriculture and seasonal tourism . ", "is a village located in Higashikunisaki District , Ōita Prefecture , Japan . The name Himeshima literally means `` Princess Island '' . The village is on a small island , sometimes referred to as Hime Island , just off the Japanese island of Kyūshū , and is accessible by ferry . As of March 2017 , the village has an estimated population of 1,930 and the density of 280 persons per km ² . The total area is 6.98 km ² . The main occupations are fishing and shrimp farming . Every summer , there is a Shinto religious ceremony featuring dancers dressed as foxes . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Henry_Cavill", "Cyborg_Superman", "The_Coming_of_Atlas", "Our_Worlds_at_War", "Gotham_-LRB-TV_series-RRB-" ]

[ "Henry William Dalgliesh Cavill -LRB- -LSB- ˈkævᵻl -RSB- born 5 May 1983 -RRB- is a British actor . Cavill began his career starring in the film adaptations of The Count of Monte Cristo -LRB- 2002 -RRB- and I Capture the Castle -LRB- 2003 -RRB- . He later appeared in minor and supporting roles in television shows such as BBC 's The Inspector Lynley Mysteries , ITV 's Midsomer Murders and Showtime 's The Tudors -LRB- 2007-10 -RRB- , then crossed to mainstream Hollywood films such as Tristan & Isolde -LRB- 2006 -RRB- , Stardust -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , Blood Creek -LRB- 2009 -RRB- and Immortals -LRB- 2011 -RRB- . Cavill starred as Charles Brandon , 1st Duke of Suffolk in the Showtime television series The Tudors ; and in 2008 became the official spokesman for the Dunhill fragrance collection for men . Cavill gained further prominence and international fame playing the titular superhero Superman in the DC Extended Universe starting with the 2013 reboot film Man of Steel , originally the highest-grossing Superman film of all time until it was surpassed by 2016 's Batman v Superman : Dawn of Justice , where he reprised his role as Superman ; making it his highest-grossing film to date . In 2015 , he co-starred with Armie Hammer in the spy film The Man from U.N.C.L.E. ", "Cyborg Superman is a persona that has been used by two fictional characters in the DC Universe , both of which are supervillains that appear in comic books published by DC Comics . ", "`` The Coming of Atlas '' is a comic book story arc , from DC Comics , by writer James Robinson and artists Renato Guedes and José Wilson Magalháes , featuring Superman . This is Robinson 's first story arc on the Superman title , as ongoing writer after Kurt Busiek 's departure . This , as well as Geoff Johns 's `` Brainiac '' arc on Action Comics , lead to their planned narrative unification on Action Comics , Superman and Supergirl in `` Superman : New Krypton '' . ", "`` Our Worlds at War '' was a comic book storyline , published by DC Comics in mid-2001 . OWAW was a crossover storyline that spanned several different books , including several books starring Batman , Superman and Wonder Woman , The Flash , Green Lantern , and a number of supporting characters and books . Creators involved in the crossover included writers Jeph Loeb , Joe Casey , Mark Schultz , Joe Kelly , Phil Jimenez , and Peter David , and artists that included Mike Wieringo , Ed McGuinness , Doug Mahnke , Ron Garney , and Leonard Kirk . ", "Gotham is an American crime drama television series developed by Bruno Heller , based on characters published by DC Comics and appearing in the Batman franchise , primarily those of James Gordon and Bruce Wayne . The series stars Ben McKenzie as the young Gordon , while Heller executive-produces , along with Danny Cannon , who also directed the pilot . Originally the series would have related only Gordon 's early days on the Gotham City Police Department , but the series subsequently included the Wayne character and the origin stories of several Batman villains , including Penguin , Riddler , Catwoman , Poison Ivy , Two-Face , Scarecrow , Mr. Freeze , and Hugo Strange . Gotham premiered on Fox on September 22 , 2014 . In March 2016 , the series was renewed for a third season which premiered on September 19 , 2016 . In May 2017 , Fox renewed the series for a fourth season . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Group_of_15", "Timeline_of_United_Nations_peacekeeping_missions", "United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_1952", "2010–11_Sri_Lanka_Football_Division_II", "2015_Africa_Cup_of_Nations_qualification" ]

[ "The Group of 15 -LRB- G-15 -RRB- is an informal forum set up to foster cooperation and provide input for other international groups , such as the World Trade Organization and the Group of Eight . It was established at the Ninth Non-Aligned Movement Summit Meeting in Belgrade , Yugoslavia , in September 1989 , and is composed of countries from Latin America , Africa , and Asia with a common goal of enhanced growth and prosperity . The G-15 focuses on cooperation among developing countries in the areas of investment , trade , and technology . Membership has since expanded to 18 countries , but the name has remained unchanged . Chile , Iran and Kenya have since joined the Group of 15 , whereas Yugoslavia is no longer part of the group ; Peru , a founding member-state , decided to leave the G-15 in 2011 . ", "The United Nations has authorized 63 peacekeeping missions as of February 2009 . These do not include interventions authorized by the UN like the Korean War and the Gulf War . The 1990s saw the most UN peacekeeping operations to date . ", "United Nations Security Council Resolution 1952 , adopted unanimously on November 29 , 2010 , after recalling previous resolutions on the situation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo , including resolutions 1807 -LRB- 2008 -RRB- , 1857 -LRB- 2008 -RRB- and 1896 -LRB- 2009 -RRB- , the Council renewed an arms embargo and related targeted sanctions for a further period until November 30 , 2011 . The resolution was drafted by France . ", "12 teams participated in this tournament . ", "The 2015 Africa Cup of Nations qualification matches determined the participating teams for the 2015 Africa Cup of Nations . A total of 16 teams competed in the 2015 Africa Cup of Nations . Prior to November 2014 , it was expected that Morocco would be the host country -LRB- and thus be pre-qualified -RRB- . However , as Morocco missed the 9 November deadline for confirming their willingness to host -LRB- because of the Ebola virus epidemic in West Africa -RRB- , Morocco was expelled from the tournament . Equatorial Guinea was chosen as the new host , and despite having played in the qualifiers and been disqualified due to fielding an ineligible player , they now qualify for the tournament automatically . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Caesar_-LRB-Mercury_Theatre-RRB-", "Black_Caesar_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Mercury_Theatre", "Benjamin_Caesar", "Samson_-LRB-1915_film-RRB-" ]

[ "Caesar is the title of Orson Welles 's innovative 1937 adaptation of William Shakespeare 's Julius Caesar , a modern-dress bare-stage production that evoked comparison to contemporary Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany . Considered Welles 's highest achievement in the theatre , it premiered November 11 , 1937 , as the first production of the Mercury Theatre , an independent repertory theatre company that presented an acclaimed series of productions on Broadway through 1941 . ", "Black Caesar -LRB- released theatrically in the UK as Godfather of Harlem -RRB- is a 1973 American blaxploitation crime drama film , starring Fred Williamson , Gloria Hendry and Julius Harris . The film was written and directed by Larry Cohen . Black Caesar is a remake of the 1931 film Little Caesar . It features a musical score -LRB- Black Caesar -RRB- by James Brown -LRB- with heavy input from his bandleader Fred Wesley -RRB- , his first experience with writing music for film . A sequel titled Hell Up in Harlem was released in late 1973 . ", "The Mercury Theatre was an independent repertory theatre company founded in New York City in 1937 by Orson Welles and producer John Houseman . The company produced theatrical presentations , radio programs and motion pictures . The Mercury also released promptbooks and phonographic recordings of four Shakespeare works for use in schools . After a series of acclaimed Broadway productions , the Mercury Theatre progressed into its most popular incarnation as The Mercury Theatre on the Air . The radio series included one of the most notable and infamous radio broadcasts of all time , `` The War of the Worlds '' , broadcast October 30 , 1938 . The Mercury Theatre on the Air produced live radio dramas in 1938 -- 1940 and again briefly in 1946 . In addition to Welles , the Mercury players included Ray Collins , Joseph Cotten , George Coulouris , Martin Gabel , Norman Lloyd , Agnes Moorehead , Paul Stewart and Everett Sloane . Much of the troupe would later appear in Welles 's films at RKO , particularly Citizen Kane and The Magnificent Ambersons . ", "Benjamin Julius Caesar -LRB- born 12 March 1797 at Peper Harrow , Surrey ; died 1867 at Guildford , Surrey -RRB- was an English professional cricketer who played first-class cricket from 1824 to 1830 . He was mainly associated with Godalming Cricket Club and Surrey and made 11 known appearances in first-class matches . He was the father of Julius Caesar . ", "Samson is a 1915 American silent drama film directed by Edgar Lewis and starring William Farnum , Maude Gilbert and Edgar L. Davenport . It is an adaptation of Henri Bernstein 's play Samson . Farnum later appeared in a second adaptation Shackles of Gold , although the setting was switched from France to America . " ]

[ 2, 1, 2, 1, 1 ]

[ "Shape_of_You", "Shape_of_Things_to_Come", "Shape_up", "I_Will_Be_There_for_You", "List_of_Billboard_Hot_100_number-one_singles_of_2012" ]

[ "`` Shape of You '' is a song by English singer-songwriter Ed Sheeran . It was released as a digital download on 6 January 2017 as one of the double lead singles from his third studio album ÷ -LRB- 2017 -RRB- , along with `` Castle on the Hill '' . The dancehall-infused pop song was written and produced by Ed Sheeran and Steve Mac , along with additional writing contributions from Johnny McDaid , Kandi Burruss , Tameka `` Tiny '' Cottle , and Kevin `` She ` kspere '' Briggs . `` Shape of You '' peaked at number-one on the singles charts of 30 different countries , including the US Billboard Hot 100 , as well as the UK , Australian and Canadian singles charts . It has stayed at number one for 16 consecutive weeks on the Canadian Hot 100 tied for the record , and 14 non-consecutive weeks on the UK Singles Chart , and 12 non-consecutive weeks on the Billboard Hot 100 . ", "Shape of Things to Come may refer to : ", "Shape up may refer to : Shape-Up , a hair style Shape Ups , generically known as rocker bottom shoe Shape Up -LRB- video game -RRB- , a 2014 video game `` Shape Up '' -LRB- Full House -RRB- , a 1990 episode of Full House `` Shape-Up '' , a 1971 TV episode of Mission Impossible Shape Up with Nancy Larson , a TV show on METV , see List of programs broadcast by Middle East Television The Shape Up ! , a 2009 mixtape by Lil Scrappy , see Lil Scrappy discography `` Shape Up ! '' , a 2010 song on Club 8 's album The People 's Record `` Shape Up '' , a 2001 song by Randy 's album The Human Atom Bombs ", "`` I Will Be There for You '' is a debut song recorded by American country music artist Jessica Andrews . It was released in February 1999 as the first single from the album Heart Shaped World . The song reached # 28 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart . The song was written by Tom Shapiro , Josh Leo and Rick Bowles . ", "The Billboard Hot 100 is a chart that ranks the best-performing songs of the United States . Its data , published by Billboard magazine and compiled by Nielsen SoundScan , is based collectively on each single 's weekly physical and digital sales , as well as airplay . Throughout 2012 , a total of 12 singles claimed the number-one position . Although 13 singles topped the chart , singer Rihanna 's `` We Found Love '' , featuring Calvin Harris , had previously spent eight weeks atop the chart in late 2011 , and thus excluded . In 2012 , six acts achieved their first US number-one single , either as a lead artist or a featured guest : Fun , Janelle Monáe , Gotye , Kimbra , Carly Rae Jepsen and Taylor Swift . Two collaboration singles topped the chart , `` We Are Young '' and `` Somebody That I Used to Know '' . Throughout the year , no musical acts achieved multiple number-one singles . Gotye 's `` Somebody That I Used to Know '' , featuring Kimbra , became the year 's biggest-selling single , topping the Billboard Year-End Hot 100 . Carly Rae Jepsen 's `` Call Me Maybe '' and Maroon 5 's `` One More Night '' tied for the longest-running number-one single of the year , both spending nine consecutive weeks atop the chart . Gotye 's `` Somebody That I Used to Know '' was the second longest-running one , topping the Hot 100 for eight consecutive weeks . Both Fun 's `` We Are Young and Bruno Mars ' `` Locked Out of Heaven '' spent a total of six weeks at number one , while Rihanna 's `` Diamonds '' , Kelly Clarkson 's `` Stronger -LRB- What Does n't Kill You -RRB- '' and Taylor Swift 's `` We Are Never Ever Getting Back Together '' , tied with three weeks atop the chart . `` Diamonds '' is Rihanna 's twelfth Hot 100 number-one single , tying her with Madonna and The Supremes as the artists with the fifth-most number ones in the chart 's history . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "Woodrow_Wilson", "James_H._Wilson", "Preparedness_Movement", "Reginald_F._Nicholson", "Battle_of_Aslanduz" ]

[ "Thomas Woodrow Wilson -LRB- December 28 , 1856 -- February 3 , 1924 -RRB- was an American politician and academic who served as the 28th President of the United States from 1913 to 1921 . A member of the Democratic Party , Wilson served as the President of Princeton University from 1902 to 1910 and as Governor of New Jersey from 1911 to 1913 . Wilson 's victory in the 1912 presidential election made him the first Southerner elected to the presidency since Zachary Taylor in 1848 , and Wilson became a leading force in the Progressive Movement . He also led the United States during World War I , establishing an activist foreign policy known as `` Wilsonianism . '' He was a major leader at the Paris Peace Conference in 1919 , where he championed the proposed League of Nations . However , he was unable to obtain Senate approval for U.S. membership . He suffered debilitating strokes in September 1919 ; after that his wife and staff handled most of his presidential duties . Born in Staunton , Virginia , he spent his early years in Augusta , Georgia and Columbia , South Carolina . His father was a leading Presbyterian in the Confederacy during the Civil War , and Wilson was always a devout Presbyterian and a proud Southerner . He took a law degree and then one of the first PhDs in political science awarded by Johns Hopkins University . He served as a professor and scholar at various institutions before being selected as President of Princeton University , a position he held from 1902 to 1910 . Wilson became a notable academic , arguing for the superiority of the parliamentary system . He was associated with Grover Cleveland and the conservative Bourbon Democrats until 1910 , when he moved left . With the help of state Democratic bosses , Wilson won the 1910 Democratic nomination for governor of New Jersey , and was elected as a fresh reformer , holding office from 1911 to 1913 . He overthrew the same bosses and gained a national reputation . He won the 1912 Democratic presidential nomination after forty-six rounds of balloting , with support from William Jennings Bryan . Former President Theodore Roosevelt 's third party candidacy split the Republican Party , which re-nominated incumbent President William Howard Taft . Wilson won the 1912 election with a plurality of the popular vote and a large majority in the electoral college . Leading the Congress that was now in Democratic hands , he oversaw the passage of progressive legislative policies unparalleled until the New Deal in 1933 . The Federal Reserve Act , Federal Trade Commission Act , the Clayton Antitrust Act , and the Federal Farm Loan Act were some of these new policies . Having taken office one month after ratification of the Sixteenth Amendment , Wilson called a special session of Congress , whose work culminated in the Revenue Act of 1913 , introducing an income tax and lowering tariffs . Through passage of the Adamson Act that imposed an 8-hour workday for railroads , he averted a railroad strike and an ensuing economic crisis . Upon the outbreak of World War I in 1914 , Wilson maintained a policy of neutrality , while pursuing a more aggressive policy in dealing with Mexico 's civil war . Wilson staffed his government with Southern Democrats who implemented racial segregation at the Treasury , Navy and other Federal offices . In the presidential election of 1916 , Wilson faced former New York Governor Charles Evans Hughes . By a narrow margin , he became the first Democrat since Andrew Jackson elected to two consecutive terms . In April 1917 , when Germany had resumed unrestricted submarine warfare and sent the Zimmermann Telegram , Wilson asked Congress to declare war in order to make `` the world safe for democracy . '' The United States conducted military operations alongside the Allies , although without a formal alliance . During the war , Wilson focused on diplomacy and financial considerations , leaving military strategy to the generals , especially General John J. Pershing . Through the Selective Service Act , conscription sent 10,000 freshly trained soldiers to France per day by the summer of 1918 . On the home front , he raised income taxes , borrowing billions of dollars through the public 's purchase of Liberty Bonds . He set up the War Industries Board , promoted labor union cooperation , regulated agriculture and food production through the Lever Act , and took direct control of the nation 's railroad system . Wilson asked Congress for what became the Espionage Act of 1917 and the Sedition Act of 1918 , suppressing anti-draft activists . The crackdown was intensified by his Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer to include expulsion of non-citizen radicals during the First Red Scare of 1919 -- 1920 . Early in 1918 , Wilson issued his principles for an end to the war , the Fourteen Points , and in 1919 , following an armistice , he traveled to Paris , promoting the formation of a League of Nations and concluding the Treaty of Versailles . Following his return from Europe , Wilson embarked on a nationwide tour in 1919 to campaign for the treaty , but suffered a severe stroke . The treaty was met with serious concern by Senate Republicans , and the Senate ultimately rejected the treaty . Due to his stroke , Wilson secluded himself in the White House , disability having diminished his power and influence , and he failed in his bid to win re-nomination at the 1920 Democratic National Convention . Wilson retired at the end of his presidency , and he died in 1924 . ", "James Harrison Wilson -LRB- September 2 , 1837 -- February 23 , 1925 -RRB- was a United States Army topographic engineer and a Union Army Major General in the American Civil War . He served as an aide to Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan during the Maryland Campaign before joining Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant 's army in the Western Theater , where he was promoted to brigadier general . In 1864 , he transferred from engineering to the cavalry , where he displayed notable leadership in many engagements of the Overland Campaign , though his attempt to destroy Lee 's supply lines failed when he was routed by a much smaller force of Confederate irregulars . Returning to the Western Theater , Wilson became one of the few Union commanders to defeat Confederate cavalier Nathan Bedford Forrest in battle - at the Battle of Franklin in November 1864 and again during his raid through Alabama and Georgia in March and April 1865 . Wilson ended the war with his men capturing both Confederate President Jefferson Davis and Andersonville Prison commandant Henry Wirz in May 1865 . Upon his death in 1925 , he was the fourth-to-last living Union Civil War general . ", "The Preparedness Movement , also referred to as the Preparedness Controversy , was a campaign led by Leonard Wood and Theodore Roosevelt to strengthen the military of the United States after the outbreak of World War I.Roosevelt wrote two books , America and the World War , and Fear God and Take Your Own Part to popularize the movement . Wood advocated a summer training school for reserve officers to be held in Plattsburg , New York . The movement was originally opposed by President Woodrow Wilson , who believed the United States should be in a position of neutrality in order to broker a compromise peace in Europe . Several organizations were formed around the Preparedness Movement and held parades and organized opposition to Wilson 's policies . After the Lusitania was sunk by German U-boats on May 7 , 1915 and Pancho Villa launched his raid against Columbus , New Mexico , Wilson 's attitude changed . Congress passed the National Defense Act of 1916 in June 1916 to authorize an increase in the size of the army from 100,000 men in 1916 to 200,000 on active duty and 400,000 in the National Guard , by 1921 . It also padded a large long-term increase in the navy . ", "Rear Admiral Reginald Fairfax Nicholson -LRB- 15 December 1852 -- 19 December 1939 -RRB- was an officer in the United States Navy . He fought in the American Civil War and Spanish -- American War , was Commander-in-Chief of the United States Asiatic Fleet , and came out of retirement during World War I to serve as the first U.S. naval attaché to Ecuador and Peru . He retired as the last active-duty U.S. Navy officer to have served in the American Civil War . ", "The Battle of Aslanduz took place on 19 -- 20 October 1812 between Russia and Persia . The Persian Fath Ali Shah had his large army stationed in Aslanduz led by the heir to the throne , Abbas Mirza . The Russian squad , headed by the charismatic Major General Pyotr Kotlyarevsky , using the element of surprise night attack , routed the Persians who were still at sleep and quickly moved on to storm Lankaran victoriously in the beginning of 1813 , thus ending any Persian hopes of continuing the war or settling on even peace terms for both parties . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Theresa_May", "Theresa_Amerley_Tagoe", "Elizabeth_May_-LRB-South_Dakota_politician-RRB-", "Virginia_E._Jenckes", "Susan_Collins" ]

[ "Theresa Mary May -LRB- née Brasier ; born 1 October 1956 -RRB- is a British politician who has served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom since 2016 . She has been the Member of Parliament -LRB- MP -RRB- for Maidenhead since 1997 and Leader of the Conservative Party since July 2016 . She is the second female Prime Minister and Conservative leader after Margaret Thatcher . The daughter of a vicar , May grew up in Oxfordshire . From 1977 until 1983 , she worked for the Bank of England , and from 1985 until 1997 at the Association for Payment Clearing Services , also serving as a councillor for Durnsford in Merton . After unsuccessful attempts to be elected to the House of Commons in 1992 and 1994 , she was elected as the MP for Maidenhead in the 1997 general election . From 1999 to 2010 , May held a number of roles in the Shadow Cabinets of William Hague , Iain Duncan Smith , Michael Howard and David Cameron , including Shadow Transport Secretary and Shadow Work and Pensions Secretary . She was also Chairman of the Conservative Party from 2002 to 2003 . After the formation of a coalition government following the 2010 general election , May was appointed Home Secretary and Minister for Women and Equalities , giving up the latter role in 2012 . Reappointed after the Conservative victory in the 2015 general election , she went on to become the longest-serving Home Secretary since James Chuter Ede over 60 years previously . During her tenure she pursued reform of the Police Federation , implemented a harder line on drugs policy including the banning of khat , oversaw the introduction of elected Police and Crime Commissioners , the deportation of Abu Qatada , the creation of the National Crime Agency and brought in additional restrictions on immigration . Following Cameron 's resignation on 24 June 2016 , May successfully contested the Conservative leadership contest and became Prime Minister on 13 July . As Prime Minister , May 's focus has primarily been on withdrawing the UK from the European Union . On 18 April 2017 , May announced a snap general election for 8 June . ", "Theresa Amereley Tagoe -LRB- December 13 , 1943 -- November 25 , 2010 -RRB- was a Ghanaian female politician and a leading member of the New Patriotic Party and a former Member of Parliament of the Ablekuma South Constituency . ", "Elizabeth May -LRB- born January 1 , 1961 in Belle Fourche , South Dakota -RRB- is an American politician and a Republican member of the South Dakota House of Representatives representing District 27 since January 11 , 2013 . ", "Virginia Ellis Jenckes -LRB- November 6 , 1877 -- January 9 , 1975 -RRB- was the first woman from Indiana to be elected to the U.S. House of Representatives . The Terre Haute , Indiana , native served three terms as a U.S. Representative -LRB- March 4 , 1933 -- January 3 , 1939 -RRB- from Indiana 's Sixth Congressional District . In 1937 she became the first American woman appointed as a U.S. delegate to the Inter-Parliamentary Union in Paris , France . The outspoken , independent-minded farmer from Vigo County was an advocate for women and became known for her support of flood-control measures and repeal of Prohibition , as well as her opposition to communism . Jenckes 's most significant accomplishment for her Indiana constituents was obtaining an $ 18 million appropriation for the Wabash River basin that eventually became law . While Jenckes broadly supported New Deal initiatives in general and voted with the majority of the Democrats in the U.S. Congress , she did not always follow the Democratic majority . During her later years , Jenckes became especially concerned about thwarting what she believed to be communist propaganda and its perceived threats , despite the public ridicule she received . After retiring from Congress in 1939 , Jenckes served as an American Red Cross volunteer for more than twenty years . During the Hungarian uprising of 1956 , she gained national attention for her efforts to assist five Catholic priests in their escape to the United States from Hungarian prisons . In 1969 Jenckes returned to Indiana , where she spent the final years of her life . ", "Susan Margaret Collins -LRB- born December 7 , 1952 -RRB- is a U.S. politician who currently serves as the senior United States Senator from Maine . A member of the Republican Party , Collins has served in the Senate since 1997 , and has served as the Chairwoman of the Senate Special Committee on Aging since 2015 and previously chaired the Senate Committee on Homeland Security from 2003 to 2007 . She is considered one of the most moderate Republicans in office . She also is known for her long consecutive voting streak , which reached 6,000 votes in September 2015 . She is the current dean of Maine 's congressional delegation . Born in Caribou , Maine , Collins is a graduate of St. Lawrence University . Beginning her career as a staff assistant for Senator William Cohen in 1975 , Collins later became the staff director of the Oversight of Government Management Subcommittee of the Senate Committee on Homeland Security in 1981 . She was then appointed as the Commissioner of the Maine Department of Professional and Financial Regulation by Governor John R. McKernan , Jr. in 1987 . In 1992 she was appointed by President George H. W. Bush as the director of the Small Business Administration 's regional office in Boston . Staying in Massachusetts , Collins became that state 's Deputy State Treasurer in 1993 . After moving back to Maine in 1994 , Collins became the Republican nominee for Governor in the 1994 general election . Becoming the first woman to become the nominee of a major party for Governor of Maine , Collins finished third in a four way race with 23 % of the vote . After her bid for Governor in 1994 , Collins became the founding director of the Center for Family Business at Husson University . Collins was first elected to the Senate in 1996 . She has been re-elected three times , in 2002 , 2008 , and 2014 . After former Senator Kelly Ayotte lost reelection in 2016 , Collins became the only Republican in the US Senate currently representing a state in New England . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 2, 2 ]

[ "Riz_Ahmed", "Mizu_Ahmed", "Ahmed_Nadeem", "Ahmed_Ahmedou", "Ahmed_Mohamed_-LRB-volleyball-RRB-" ]

[ "Rizwan Ahmed -LRB- -LSB- ; born 1 December 1982 -RRB- , also known as Riz MC , is a British actor and rapper of Pakistani descent . As an actor , he was initially known for his work in independent films such as The Road to Guantanamo , Shifty , Four Lions , Trishna , and Ill Manors , before his breakout role in Nightcrawler . Since then , he has appeared in the films Una , Jason Bourne , and the first Star Wars Anthology film , Rogue One . He also starred in the HBO miniseries The Night Of as Nasir Khan ; the show and his performance were critically lauded , earning him Golden Globe and SAG nominations . He appeared on TIME magazine 's The Most Influential People of 2017 list . As a rapper , he is a member of the Swet Shop Boys . ", "Mizu Ahmed -LRB- 17 November 1953 -- 27 March 2017 -RRB- was a Bangladeshi actor and producer . He is mostly known for his villain role in the Bengali film industry . ", "Ahmed Nadeem -LRB- born 26 October 1976 -RRB- is a United Arab Emirati cricketer . A right-handed batsman and right-arm medium pace bowler , he has played for the United Arab Emirates national cricket team since 1997 , including seven first-class and eight List A matches . He has represented his country in three ICC Trophy tournaments and three ACC Trophy tournaments . ", "Ahmed Ahmedou -LRB- born 27 August 1993 -RRB- is a Mauritanian international football player . He plays for Three Bridges F.C. and the Mauritania national football team . During March 2016 , Ahmed travelled to Croatia on international duty with the University of Sussex . He performed well during his brief stay and scored twice in two nights . On 5 March 2014 , he made his international début for Mauritania in a 1 -- 1 draw with Niger in Nouakchott . ", "Ahmed Mohamed , `` Abdelaal '' -LRB- born -RRB- is an Egyptian male volleyball player . With his club Al-Ahly Sporting Club he competed at the 2011 FIVB Volleyball Men 's Club World Championship . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "French_Fifth_Republic", "Charles_de_Gaulle", "French_Fourth_Republic", "Appeal_of_18_June", "President_of_France" ]

[ "The Fifth Republic , France 's current republican system of government , was established by Charles de Gaulle under the Constitution of the Fifth Republic on 4 October 1958 . The Fifth Republic emerged from the collapse of the Fourth Republic , replacing the former parliamentary republic with a semi-presidential , or dual-executive , system that split powers between a prime minister as head of government and a president as head of state . De Gaulle , who was the first president elected under the Fifth Republic in December 1958 , believed in a strong head of state , which he described as embodying l'esprit de la nation -LRB- `` the spirit of the nation '' -RRB- . The Fifth Republic is France 's third-longest political regime , after the hereditary and feudal monarchies of the -LRB- -- 1792 -RRB- and the parliamentary Third Republic -LRB- 1870 -- 1940 -RRB- . ", "Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle -LRB- -LSB- ʃaʁl də ɡol -RSB- ; 22 November 1890 -- 9 November 1970 -RRB- was a French general and statesman . He was the leader of Free France -LRB- 1940 -- 44 -RRB- and the head of the Provisional Government of the French Republic -LRB- 1944 -- 46 -RRB- . In 1958 , he founded the Fifth Republic and was elected as the President of France , a position he held until his resignation in 1969 . He was the dominant figure of France during the Cold War era and his memory continues to influence French politics . Born in Lille , he graduated from Saint-Cyr in 1912 . He was a decorated officer of the First World War , wounded several times , and later taken prisoner at Verdun . During the interwar period , he advocated mobile armoured divisions . During the German invasion of May 1940 , he led an armoured division which counterattacked the invaders ; he was then appointed Under-Secretary for War . Refusing to accept his government 's armistice with Nazi Germany , de Gaulle exhorted the French population to resist occupation and to continue the fight in his Appeal of 18 June . He led a government in exile and the Free French Forces against the Axis . Despite frosty relations with Britain and especially the United States , he emerged as the undisputed leader of the French resistance . He became Head of the Provisional Government of the French Republic in June 1944 , the interim government of France following its Liberation . As early as 1944 , de Gaulle introduced a dirigiste economic policy , which included substantial state-directed control over a capitalist economy which was followed by thirty years of unprecedented growth . Frustrated by the return of petty partisanship in the new Fourth Republic , he resigned in early 1946 but continued to be politically active as founder of the RPF party . He retired in the early 1950s and wrote his War Memoirs , which quickly became a classic of modern French literature . When the Algerian War was ripping apart the unstable Fourth Republic , the National Assembly brought him back to power during the May 1958 crisis . De Gaulle founded the Fifth Republic with a strong presidency , and he was elected in that role . He managed to keep France together while taking steps to end the war , much to the anger of the Pieds-Noirs -LRB- Frenchmen settled in Algeria -RRB- and the military ; both previously had supported his return to power to maintain colonial rule . He granted independence to Algeria and progressively to other French colonies . In the context of the Cold War , de Gaulle initiated his `` Politics of Grandeur '' , asserting that France as a major power should not rely on other countries , such as the US , for its national security and prosperity . To this end , de Gaulle pursued a policy of `` national independence '' which led him to withdraw from NATO 's military integrated command and to launch an independent nuclear development program that made France the fourth nuclear power . He restored cordial Franco-German relations to create a European counterweight between the Anglo-American and Soviet spheres of influence . However , he opposed any development of a supranational Europe , favouring a Europe of sovereign nations . De Gaulle openly criticised the US intervention in Vietnam and the `` exorbitant privilege '' of the US dollar . In his later years , his support for an independent Quebec and his two vetoes against Britain 's entry into the European Community generated considerable controversy . Although re-elected President in 1965 , in May 1968 he appeared likely to lose power amid widespread protests by students and workers but survived the crisis with backing from the Army and won an election with an increased majority in the Assembly . De Gaulle resigned in 1969 after losing a referendum in which he proposed more decentralization . He died a year later at his residence in Colombey-les-Deux-Églises , leaving his Presidential memoirs unfinished . Many French political parties and figures claim the Gaullist legacy . De Gaulle was ranked as `` Le Plus Grand Français de tous les temps '' -LRB- the Greatest Frenchman of All Time -RRB- . ", "The French Fourth Republic was the republican government of France between 1946 and 1958 , governed by the fourth republican constitution . It was in many ways a revival of the Third Republic , which was in place before World War II , and suffered many of the same problems . France adopted the constitution of the Fourth Republic on 13 October 1946 . The Fourth Republic saw an era of great economic growth in France and the rebuilding of the nation 's social institutions and industry after World War II , and played an important part in the development of the process of European integration which changed the continent permanently . The greatest accomplishments of the Fourth Republic were in social reform and economic development . In 1946 , the government established a comprehensive social security system that assured unemployment insurance , disability and old-age pensions , and health care to all citizens . Some attempts were also made to strengthen the executive branch of government to prevent the unstable situation that had existed before the war , but the instability remained and the Fourth Republic saw frequent changes in government -- there were 21 administrations in its 12-year history . Moreover , the government proved unable to make effective decisions regarding decolonization of the numerous remaining French colonies . After a series of crises , most importantly the Algerian crisis of 1958 , the Fourth Republic collapsed . Wartime leader Charles de Gaulle returned from retirement to preside over a transitional administration which was empowered to design a new French constitution . The Fourth Republic was dissolved by a public referendum on 5 October 1958 which established the modern-day Fifth Republic with a strengthened presidency . ", "The Appeal of 18 June -LRB- L'Appel du 18 juin -RRB- was a famous speech by Charles de Gaulle , the leader of the Free French Forces , in 1940 . The appeal is often considered to be the origin of the French Resistance to the German occupation during World War II . De Gaulle spoke to the French people from London after the fall of France . He declared that the war for France was not yet over , and rallied the country in support of the Resistance . It is regarded as one of the most important speeches in French history . In spite of its reputation as the beginning of the Resistance and Free French , historians have shown that the appeal was heard only by a minority of French people . De Gaulle 's 22 June 1940 speech on the BBC was more widely heard . ", "The President of the French Republic -LRB- Président de la République française , -LSB- pʁezidɑ̃ də la ʁepyblik fʁɑ̃sɛz -RSB- -RRB- , is the executive head of state of France in the French Fifth Republic . In French terms , the Presidency is the supreme magistracy of the country . The powers , functions and duties of prior presidential offices , and their relation with the Prime Minister and Cabinet has over time differed with the various French constitutions since 1848 -LRB- the final end of the French Monarchy -RRB- . The President of France is also the ex officio Co-Prince of Andorra , Grand Master of the Légion d'honneur and the Ordre national du Mérite and honorary proto-canon of the Basilica of St. John Lateran in Rome . The current president is Emmanuel Macron , succeeding François Hollande on 14 May 2017 . " ]

[ 0, 2, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "David_Attenborough", "Alasdair_Milne", "Christopher_Parsons", "Jonathan_Ruffle", "Alan_Dossor" ]

[ "Sir David Frederick Attenborough -LRB- -LSB- ˈætənb ər ə -RSB- born 8 May 1926 -RRB- is an English veteran broadcaster and naturalist . He is best known for writing and presenting the nine Life series , in conjunction with the BBC Natural History Unit , which collectively form a comprehensive survey of animal and plant life on the planet . He is also a former senior manager at the BBC , having served as controller of BBC Two and director of programming for BBC Television in the 1960s and 1970s . He is the only person to have won BAFTAs for programmes in each of black and white , colour , HD , and 3D . Attenborough is widely considered a national treasure in Britain , although he himself does not like the term . In 2002 he was named among the 100 Greatest Britons following a UK-wide poll for the BBC . He is the younger brother of the late director , producer and actor Richard Attenborough , and older brother of the late motor executive John Attenborough . ", "Alasdair David Gordon Milne -LRB- 8 October 19308 January 2013 -RRB- was Director-General of the British Broadcasting Corporation between July 1982 and January 1987 . Earlier in his career Milne was a BBC producer involved in founding Tonight in 1957 . Later , after a period outside the BBC , he became Controller of BBC Scotland , and BBC Television 's Director of Programmes . In early 1987 , Milne was forced to resign from his post as DG by the BBC Governors following several difficult years for the Corporation , sustained pressure from the Thatcher government and editorial decisions which proved controversial . ", "Christopher Eugene Parsons OBE -LRB- 23 . August 1932 in Winchester , Hampshire -- 8 November 2002 in Littleton-upon-Severn , Gloucestershire -RRB- was an award-winning English wildlife film-maker and the executive producer of David Attenborough 's Life on Earth , widely regarded as one of the finest and most influential of nature documentaries . As a founding member and a former Head of the BBC Natural History Unit , he worked on many of its early productions and published a history of its first 25 years in 1982 . Besides television , he was also passionate about projects which helped to bring an understanding of the natural world to a wider audience , notably the Wildscreen Festival and ARKive . ", "Jonathan Ruffle is a British writer , director and producer who has made TV and radio programmes for the BBC , ITV and Channel 4 . At one time Steve Wright 's and Simon Bates 's radio producer on BBC Radio 1 , he left to produce the acclaimed BBC radio drama version of Len Deighton 's Bomber , and the award-winning 1995 Channel 4 documentary Edward VIII : The Traitor King . He then split his career in two new directions : airshow and event commentary , and TV comedy writing including Never Mind the Buzzcocks . In 2009 he took his real-time First World War drama idea Tommies to the BBC which began its four and half year transmission in October 2014 . He still produces comedy shows for the BBC with Andrew McGibbon and writes TV scripts and feature film projects for GB Films . ", "Alan Dossor -LRB- 19 September 1941 -- 7 August 2016 -RRB- was a British theatre director . He was artistic director of the Everyman Theatre Liverpool from 1970 to 1975 . He was considered by British theatre/entertainment newspaper The Stage to have been `` a major influence on some of our greatest actors and writers '' - in a period described by British national newspaper The Guardian as `` a golden five-year period in British regional theatre '' . His production of John , Paul , George , Ringo ... and Bert by Willy Russell transferred to the West End in 1974 . He directed plays in the West End , at West Yorkshire Playhouse , Hampstead Theatre , the Royal Court Theatre , the Young Vic and the Lyric Hammersmith . He had an extensive career directing television drama since 1977 . Dossor directed theatre and television plays by contemporary playwrights like Alan Bleasdale , Chris Bond , Stephen Lowe , John McGrath , Adrian Mitchell and Willy Russell , Mike Stott , C.P.Taylor and Charles Wood ; as well as classic plays by Bertolt Brecht and Shakespeare . " ]

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