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nikchar

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retrieval_verification_roberta

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[ "Fred_Seibert", "Fred_Burch", "Wanda_Perry-Josephs", "Citizen_Cope", "Reverend_J._C._Burnett" ]

[ "Frederick `` Fred '' Seibert -LRB- born September 15 , 1951 -RRB- is a serial entrepreneur and American television and film producer . He owns Frederator Networks , Inc. and Frederator Studios . Seibert has held leading positions with MTV Networks , Hanna-Barbera , and Next New Networks , and is an angel investor in several technology and media start-ups . He has produced live action and animated programs for cable television , and the internet , and began his professional career as a jazz and blues record producer . ", "Fred Burch is an American popular songwriter . Burch and fellow songwriter Don Hill also recorded as South , a 1969 single `` Barefoot In The Woods '' on the Silver Fox label . In 1983 he wrote a musical , American Passion , with Willie Fong Young . ", "Wanda Perry-Josephs is a gospel music singer-songwriter and minister from Boston , Massachusetts . Perry-Josephs was formerly a member of RCA Records ' 1980s R&B singing group , 9.9 before leaving the group to pursue a solo career as well as her faith in Christianity . Since then , she has released four gospel albums and is currently a minister of Living Word Ministries , a local church in Brockton , Massachusetts . ", "Clarence Greenwood -LRB- stage name Citizen Cope -RRB- is an American songwriter , producer and performer . His music is commonly described as a mix of blues , soul , folk , and rock . He has been touring professionally for ten years . Citizen Cope 's compositions have been recorded by artists as varied as Carlos Santana , Dido , Pharoahe Monch and Richie Havens . He currently records and produces for his own record label , Rainwater Recordings , which he founded in 2010 after deciding not to work with major labels any longer . He had previously been signed to Capitol , Arista , DreamWorks and RCA . ", "Reverend J. C. Burnett was an American preacher who recorded gospel songs and sermons extensively in the late-1920s and intermittently thereafter until the 1940s . During his heyday , recording for Columbia Records , Burnett was one of the most commercially successful preachers on race records , alongside Reverend J. M. Gates and Reverend A. W. Nix . Years following Burnett 's close of his recording career , his sermons still receive attention on compilation albums and from musical artists , particularly Bob Dylan . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Gary_Ross", "The_Hunger_Games_-LRB-film-RRB-", "The_Hunger_Games_-LRB-film_series-RRB-", "Francis_Lawrence", "The_Hunger_Games_-LRB-novel-RRB-" ]

[ "Gary Ross -LRB- born November 3 , 1956 -RRB- is an American film director , writer , and author . He directed the film The Hunger Games , as well as Pleasantville and the Best Picture nominated Seabiscuit . ", "The Hunger Games is a 2012 American dystopian science fiction adventure film directed by Gary Ross and based on the novel of the same name by Suzanne Collins . It is the first installment in The Hunger Games film series and was produced by Nina Jacobson and Jon Kilik , with a screenplay by Ross , Collins , and Billy Ray . The film stars Jennifer Lawrence , Josh Hutcherson , Liam Hemsworth , Woody Harrelson , Elizabeth Banks , Lenny Kravitz , Stanley Tucci , and Donald Sutherland . The story takes place in a dystopian post-apocalyptic future in the nation of Panem , where boys and girls between the ages of 12 and 18 must take part in the Hunger Games , a televised annual event in which the `` tributes '' are required to fight to the death until there is only one survivor . Katniss Everdeen -LRB- Lawrence -RRB- volunteers to take her younger sister 's place . Joined by her district 's male tribute , Peeta Mellark -LRB- Hutcherson -RRB- , Katniss travels to the Capitol to train for the Hunger Games under the guidance of former victor Haymitch Abernathy -LRB- Harrelson -RRB- . Development of The Hunger Games began in March 2009 when Lions Gate Entertainment entered into a co-production agreement with Color Force , which had acquired the rights a few weeks earlier . Collins collaborated with Ray and Ross to write the screenplay . The screenplay expanded the character of Seneca Crane to allow several developments to be shown directly to the audience and Ross added several scenes between Crane and Coriolanus Snow . The main characters were cast between March and May 2011 . Principal photography began in May 2011 and ended in September 2011 , with filming taking place in North Carolina . The Hunger Games was shot entirely on film as opposed to digital . The film was released on March 21 , 2012 , in some European countries and in the US on March 23 , 2012 , in both conventional theaters and digital IMAX theaters . Japan received it last , on September 28 . When the film released , it set records for opening day -LRB- $ 67.3 million -RRB- and opening weekend for a non-sequel . At the time of its release , the film 's opening weekend gross -LRB- $ 152.5 million -RRB- was the third-largest of any movie in North America . It is the first film since Avatar to remain in first place at the North American box office for four consecutive weekends . The film was a massive box-office success by grossing over $ 694 million worldwide against its budget of $ 78 million , making it the third-highest-grossing film in the United States and ninth-highest-grossing worldwide of 2012 . It was released on DVD and Blu-ray Disc on August 18 , 2012 . With 7,434,058 units sold , the DVD was the best-selling DVD of 2012 . A sequel , The Hunger Games : Catching Fire , was released on November 22 , 2013 , in the United States . The Hunger Games received positive reviews from critics , with praise for its themes and messages , as well as Jennifer Lawrence 's portrayal of Katniss , though there was criticism of the film 's use of shaky cam in the action sequences . Like the novel , the film has been noted for its similarities to other works , such as Robert Sheckley 's short story `` Seventh Victim '' and its Italian film adaptation The 10th Victim , the Japanese novel Battle Royale and its film adaptation , and the Shirley Jackson short story `` The Lottery '' , with some criticizing The Hunger Games for being derivative of such works . Collins stated in an interview that her novel and screenplay drew on sources of inspiration such as the myth of Theseus , Roman gladiatorial games , reality television , and the desensitization of viewers to media coverage of real-life tragedy and war , not to think as just an audience member , `` Because those are real people on the screen , and they 're not going away when the commercials start to roll . '' The song `` Safe & Sound '' won a Grammy Award and was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song . For her performance , Lawrence won the Saturn Award for Best Actress , the Broadcast Film Critics Association Award for Best Actress in an Action Movie , the Empire Award for Best Actress and was also nominated for the New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actress . ", "The Hunger Games film series consists of four science fiction dystopian adventure films based on The Hunger Games trilogy of novels , by the American author Suzanne Collins . Distributed by Lionsgate and produced by Nina Jacobson and Jon Kilik , it stars Jennifer Lawrence as Katniss Everdeen , Josh Hutcherson as Peeta Mellark , Woody Harrelson as Haymitch Abernathy , Elizabeth Banks as Effie Trinket , Philip Seymour Hoffman as Plutarch Heavensbee , Stanley Tucci as Caesar Flickerman , Donald Sutherland as President Snow and Liam Hemsworth as Gale Hawthorne . Gary Ross directed the first film , while Francis Lawrence directed the next three films . The first three films set records at the box office . The Hunger Games -LRB- 2012 -RRB- set records for the opening day and the biggest opening weekend for a non-sequel film . The Hunger Games : Catching Fire -LRB- 2013 -RRB- set the record for biggest opening weekend in the month of November . The Hunger Games : Mockingjay -- Part 1 -LRB- 2014 -RRB- had the largest opening day and weekend of 2014 . The films , including The Hunger Games : Mockingjay -- Part 2 -LRB- 2015 -RRB- , received a positive reception from critics , with praise aimed at its themes and messages , as well as Jennifer Lawrence 's portrayal of the main protagonist , Katniss Everdeen . The Hunger Games is the 16th highest-grossing film franchise of all time , having grossed over US$ 2.9 billion worldwide . ", "Francis Lawrence -LRB- born March 26 , 1971 -RRB- is an American filmmaker and producer , who has worked on films , television shows , and music videos . He is best known for directing three of the four films in the Hunger Games film series . ", "The Hunger Games is a 2008 dystopian novel by the American writer Suzanne Collins . It is written in the voice of 16-year-old Katniss Everdeen , who lives in the future , post-apocalyptic nation of Panem in North America . The Capitol , a highly advanced metropolis , exercises political control over the rest of the nation . The Hunger Games is an annual event in which one boy and one girl aged 12 -- 18 from each of the twelve districts surrounding the Capitol are selected by lottery to compete in a televised battle to the death . The book received mostly positive responses from major reviewers and authors . It was praised for its plot and character development . In writing The Hunger Games , Collins drew upon Greek mythology , Roman gladiatorial games , and contemporary reality television for thematic content . The novel won many awards , including the California Young Reader Medal , and was named one of Publishers Weeklys `` Best Books of the Year '' in 2008 . The Hunger Games was first published in hardcover on September 14 , 2008 , by Scholastic , featuring a cover designed by Tim O'Brien . It has since been released in paperback and also as an audiobook and ebook . After an initial print of 200,000 , the book had sold 800,000 copies by February 2010 . Since its release , The Hunger Games has been translated into 26 languages , and publishing rights have been sold in 38 territories . The novel is the first in The Hunger Games trilogy , followed by Catching Fire -LRB- 2009 -RRB- and Mockingjay -LRB- 2010 -RRB- . A film adaptation , directed by Gary Ross and co-written and co-produced by Collins herself , was released in 2012 . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 1, 2 ]

[ "Mikhail_Prokhorov", "Polyus_Gold", "Stav_Prodromou", "Vladislav_Polyakov", "Mikhail_Adamovich" ]

[ "Mikhail Dmitrievitch Prokhorov -LRB- -LSB- Михаи́л Дми́триевич Про́хоров , p = mʲɪxɐˈil ˈdmʲitrʲɪjɪvʲɪtɕ ˈproxərəf -RSB- born 3 May 1965 -RRB- is a Russian billionaire , politician , and owner of the American basketball team the Brooklyn Nets . After graduating from the Moscow Finance Institute , he worked in the financial sector and subsequently went on to become one of Russia 's leading industrialists , owning major stakes in multinational corporations in the precious metals sector . While he was running Norilsk Nickel , the company became the world 's largest producer of nickel and palladium . He is the former chairman of Polyus Gold , Russia 's largest gold producer , and the former President of Onexim Group . He resigned both positions to enter politics in June 2011 . In December 2011 , Prokhorov capped a year of higher-profile political activity in Russia with the December declaration that he would run as an independent candidate in the 2012 Russian presidential election . He was third in the voting , amassing 7.94 % of the total vote . In June 2012 he declared the establishment of the new Russian political party called the `` Party of Civic Platform '' . As of 2017 , Forbes estimates his wealth at $ 8.9 billion . ", "Polyus Gold International is the largest gold producer in Russia and one of the top 10 gold miners globally by ounces produced -LRB- 1.5 million ounces of gold production in 2011 -RRB- . As of the third quarter of 2014 , the company was the world 's 8th-largest producer of gold . The company holds the world 's third largest gold reserves with over 90 million ounces of proven and probable gold reserves underpinning the Polyus Gold 's sector-leading production growth profile -LRB- 8 % increase in gold production in 2011 -RRB- . Polyus Gold International , the new UK-based holding company for Russia 's biggest gold-miner . The company 's principal operations are located in Russia 's most prolific gold mining provinces in Eastern Siberia and the Far East and include 5 operating mines , alluvial operations and several advanced development projects . Polyus Gold International has a premium listing on the London Stock Exchange -LRB- ticker : PGIL -RRB- and is the largest London-listed gold producer gold output and reserves . Additionally , Polyus Gold International GDRs are traded OTC in the US -LRB- ticker : PLZLY -RRB- . ", "Stavro Evangelo `` Stav '' Prodromou -LRB- born May 30 , 1944 -RRB- is a Greek American businessman , and the founder and former chief executive officer of Poqet Computer Corporation . Prodromou has served as CEO of Alien Technology , Peregrine Semiconductor , and Integrated Circuit Systems and Executive Vice President of Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation . ", "Vladislav Vitalyevich Polyakov -LRB- also Vlad Polyakov , Владислав Витальевич Поляков born November 30 , 1983 in Petropavl -RRB- is a Kazakhstani swimmer , who specialized in breaststroke events . He swam for his native Kazakhstan at three Olympic Games -LRB- 2004 , 2008 , and 2012 -RRB- , and eventually finished fifth in both 100 and 200 m breaststroke at his official Olympic debut in Athens . In total , he has won eight medals in major international tournaments , including his first career gold from the 2006 FINA World Short Course Championships in Shanghai , China . While residing in the United States , Polyakov is a five-time SEC champion , a double NCAA titleholder , and a two-time gold medalist at the national championships . He also earned a total of twelve All-American titles while playing for the Alabama Crimson Tide from 2003 to 2007 . ", "Mikhail Mikhailovich Adamovich -LRB- 1884 -- 1947 -RRB- was a Russian decorative and monumental painter , and porcelain artist . He is known for his porcelain works with agitprop and Soviet art imagery . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "If_Tomorrow_Never_Comes_-LRB-Grey's_Anatomy-RRB-", "Grey's_Anatomy_-LRB-season_14-RRB-", "Kate_Walsh_-LRB-actress-RRB-", "Addison_Montgomery", "Kate_Patrick" ]

[ "`` If Tomorrow Never Comes '' is the sixth episode of the first season of the American television medical drama Grey 's Anatomy , which first aired on American Broadcasting Company -LRB- ABC -RRB- on Sunday May 1 , 2005 . The episode was written by Krista Vernoff and was directed by Scott Brazil . ", "The fourteenth season of the American television medical drama Grey 's Anatomy was ordered on February 10 , 2017 , by American Broadcasting Company -LRB- ABC -RRB- , and will premiere in September 2017 . The season will consist of 24 episodes . The fourteenth season will include the show 's 300th episode , which is the seventh episode of the season . The season is produced by ABC Studios , in association with ShondaLand Production Company and The Mark Gordon Company ; the showrunner being Shonda Rhimes . This season will be the first not to feature Jerrika Hinton as Dr. Stephanie Edwards since her introduction in the ninth season , following her departure at the conclusion of the previous season . ", "Kathleen Erin Walsh -LRB- born October 13 , 1967 -RRB- is an American actress and businesswoman . Her roles include Dr. Addison Montgomery on the ABC television dramas Grey 's Anatomy and Private Practice , Rebecca Wright on the short-lived NBC sitcom Bad Judge , and Olivia Baker on the Netflix drama series 13 Reasons Why . ", "Dr. Addison Adrianne Forbes Montgomery -LRB- formerly Shepherd -RRB- is a fictional character on the ABC television series Grey 's Anatomy and Private Practice played by Kate Walsh . Addison is a world-class neonatal surgeon with board certifications in both Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Maternal and Fetal Medicine . Additionally , she is a medical genetics fellow . She works at the Oceanside Wellness Group , a fictional practice located in Santa Monica , California . ", "Kate Patrick is a fictional character from the British Channel 4 soap opera , Hollyoaks , played by Natasha Symms . She debuted on-screen during the episodes airing in 1997 . She departed in 2000 and returned for guest appearances in 2002 and 2003 . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 0 ]

[ "Boeing_767", "Boeing_787_Dreamliner", "Continental_Connection", "Airbus_A380", "Continental_Airlines_Flight_11" ]

[ "The Boeing 767 is a mid - to large-size , long-range , wide-body twin-engine jet airliner built by Boeing Commercial Airplanes . It was Boeing 's first wide-body twinjet and its first airliner with a two-crew glass cockpit . The aircraft has two turbofan engines , a conventional tail , and , for reduced aerodynamic drag , a supercritical wing design . Designed as a smaller wide-body airliner than earlier aircraft such as the 747 , the 767 has seating capacity for 181 to 375 people , and a design range of 3850 to , depending on variant . Development of the 767 occurred in tandem with a narrow-body twinjet , the 757 , resulting in shared design features which allow pilots to obtain a common type rating to operate both aircraft . The 767 is produced in three fuselage lengths . The original 767-200 entered service in 1982 , followed by the 767-300 in 1986 and the 767-400ER , an extended-range -LRB- ER -RRB- variant , in 2000 . The extended-range 767-200ER and 767-300ER models entered service in 1984 and 1988 , respectively , while a production freighter version , the 767-300F , debuted in 1995 . Conversion programs have modified passenger 767-200 and 767-300 series aircraft for cargo use , while military derivatives include the E-767 surveillance aircraft , the KC-767 and KC-46 aerial tankers , and VIP transports . Engines featured on the 767 include the General Electric CF6 , Pratt & Whitney JT9D and PW4000 , and Rolls-Royce RB211 turbofans . United Airlines first placed the 767 in commercial service in 1982 . The aircraft was initially flown on domestic and transcontinental routes , during which it demonstrated the reliability of its twinjet design . In 1985 , the 767 became the first twin-engined airliner to receive regulatory approval for extended overseas flights . The aircraft was then used to expand non-stop service on medium - to long-haul intercontinental routes . In 1986 , Boeing initiated studies for a higher-capacity 767 , ultimately leading to the development of the 777 , a larger wide-body twinjet . In the 1990s , the 767 became the most frequently used airliner for transatlantic flights between North America and Europe . The 767 is the first twinjet wide-body type to reach 1,000 aircraft delivered . As of April 2017 , Boeing has received 1,204 orders for the 767 from 74 customers ; 1,098 have been delivered . A total of 742 of these aircraft were in service in July 2016 ; the most popular variant is the 767-300ER , with 583 delivered ; Delta Air Lines is the largest operator , with 91 aircraft . Competitors have included the Airbus A300 , A310 , and A330-200 , while a successor , the 787 Dreamliner , entered service in October 2011 . Despite this , the 767 still remains in production . ", "The Boeing 787 Dreamliner is an American long-haul , mid-size widebody , twin-engine jet airliner made by Boeing Commercial Airplanes . Its variants seat 242 to 335 passengers in typical three-class seating configurations . It is a pioneering airliner with the use of composite materials as the primary material in the construction of its airframe . The 787 was designed to be 20 % more fuel efficient than the Boeing 767 , which it was intended to replace . The 787 Dreamliner 's distinguishing features include mostly electrical flight systems , raked wingtips , and noise-reducing chevrons on its engine nacelles . It shares a common type rating with the larger Boeing 777 to allow qualified pilots to operate both models . The aircraft 's initial designation was the 7E7 , prior to its renaming in January 2005 . The first 787 was unveiled in a roll-out ceremony on July 8 , 2007 at Boeing 's Everett factory . Development and production of the 787 has involved a large-scale collaboration with numerous suppliers worldwide . Final assembly takes place at the Boeing Everett Factory in Everett , Washington , and at the Boeing South Carolina factory in North Charleston , South Carolina . Originally planned to enter service in May 2008 , the project experienced multiple delays . The airliner 's maiden flight took place on December 15 , 2009 , and completed flight testing in mid-2011 . Boeing has reportedly spent $ 32 billion on the 787 program . Final US Federal Aviation Administration -LRB- FAA -RRB- and European Aviation Safety Agency -LRB- EASA -RRB- type certification was received in August 2011 and the first 787-8 was delivered in September 2011 . It entered commercial service on October 26 , 2011 with launch customer All Nippon Airways . The stretched 787-9 variant , which is 20 ft longer and can fly 450 nmi farther than the -8 , first flew in September 2013 . Deliveries of the 787-9 began in July 2014 ; it entered commercial service on August 7 , 2014 with All Nippon Airways , with 787-9 launch customer Air New Zealand following two days later . As of April 2017 , the 787 had orders for 1,213 aircraft from 64 customers , with All Nippon Airways having the largest number on order . The aircraft has suffered from several in-service problems , including fires on board related to its lithium-ion batteries . These systems were reviewed by both the FAA and the Japan Civil Aviation Bureau . The FAA issued a directive in January 2013 that grounded all 787s in the US and other civil aviation authorities followed suit . After Boeing completed tests on a revised battery design , the FAA approved the revised design and lifted the grounding in April 2013 ; the 787 returned to passenger service later that month . ", "Continental Connection was a brand name under which several commuter airline carriers and their holding companies operated services marketed exclusively by Continental Airlines . As such , all Continental Connection banner carrier services were operated primarily with turboprop aircraft in contrast to Continental Express , whose flights were operated by Continental 's regional jet partners , ExpressJet Airlines and Chautauqua Airlines . According to the Official Airline Guide -LRB- OAG -RRB- , earlier Continental Express flights , such as those operated by Royale Airlines followed by Britt Airways from the Continental hub at Houston Intercontinental Airport -LRB- IAH -RRB- , were operated with such turboprop aircraft as the ATR-42 , Embraer EMB-110 Bandeirante , Embraer EMB-120 Brasilia and Grumman Gulfstream I during the 1980s . All flights operated by Continental Connection carriers were given full OnePass frequent flyer credit , as if they were mainline Continental flights . The `` Continental Connection '' name was discontinued and the operation was renamed United Express following the merger of Continental Airlines with United Airlines . ", "The Airbus A380 is a double-deck , wide-body , four-engine jet airliner manufactured by European manufacturer Airbus . It is the world 's largest passenger airliner , and the airports at which it operates have upgraded facilities to accommodate it . It was initially named Airbus A3XX and designed to challenge Boeing 's monopoly in the large-aircraft market . The A380 made its first flight on 27 April 2005 and entered commercial service on 25 October 2007 with Singapore Airlines . The A380 's upper deck extends along the entire length of the fuselage , with a width equivalent to a wide-body aircraft . This gives the A380-800 's cabin 550 m2 of usable floor space , 40 % more than the next largest airliner , the Boeing 747-8 , and provides seating for 525 people in a typical three-class configuration or up to 853 people in an all-economy class configuration . The A380-800 has a design range of 15700 km , serving the second - and third-longest non-stop scheduled flights in the world -LRB- as of February 2017 -RRB- , and a cruising speed of Mach 0.85 -LRB- about 900 km/h , 560 mph or 490 kt at cruising altitude -RRB- . , Airbus had received 317 firm orders and delivered 210 aircraft ; Emirates is the biggest A380 customer with 142 ordered of which 94 have been delivered . ", "Continental Airlines Flight 11 , registration N70775 , was a Boeing 707 aircraft which exploded in the vicinity of Centerville , Iowa , while en route from O'Hare Airport , Chicago , Illinois , to Kansas City , Missouri , on May 22 , 1962 . The aircraft crashed in a clover field near Unionville , in Putnam County , Missouri , killing all 45 crew and passengers on board . The investigation determined the cause of the crash was a suicide bombing committed as insurance fraud . The plane had been hijacked to Cuba the previous year as Flight 54 . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Commodore_-LRB-rank-RRB-", "HMS_Malabar_-LRB-1866-RRB-", "Commodore_16", "United_States_Navy", "Master_of_the_fleet" ]

[ "Commodore is a naval rank used in many navies that is superior to a navy captain , but below a rear admiral . Non-English-speaking nations often use the rank of flotilla admiral or counter admiral or senior captain as an equivalent , although counter admiral may also correspond to rear admiral . Traditionally , `` commodore '' is the title for any officer assigned to command more than one ship at a time , even temporarily , much as `` captain '' is the traditional title for the commanding officer of a single ship even if the officer 's official title in the service is a lower rank . As an official rank , a commodore typically commands a flotilla or squadron of ships as part of a larger task force or naval fleet commanded by an admiral . A commodore 's ship is typically designated by the flying of a Broad pennant , as opposed to an admiral 's flag . It is often regarded as a one-star rank with a NATO code of OF-6 -LRB- which is known in the U.S. as `` rear admiral -LRB- lower half -RRB- '' -RRB- , but whether it is regarded as a flag rank varies between countries . It is sometimes abbreviated : as `` Cdre '' in British Royal Navy , `` CDRE '' in the US Navy , `` Cmdre '' in the Royal Canadian Navy , `` COMO '' in the Spanish Navy and in some navies speaking the Spanish language , or `` CMDE '' as used in the Indian Navy or in some other Navies . ", "HMS Malabar was a Euphrates-class troopship launched in 1866 , and the fifth ship of the Royal Navy to employ the name . She was designed to carry troops between the United Kingdom and British India , and was employed in that role for most of her life . She became the base ship in Bermuda in 1897 , was renamed HMS Terror in 1901 and was sold in 1918 . Her name was later used for part of the Royal Dockyard in Bermuda . ", "The Commodore 16 is a home computer made by Commodore International with a 6502-compatible 7501 or 8501 CPU , released in 1984 and intended to be an entry-level computer to replace the VIC-20 . A cost-reduced version , the Commodore 116 , was sold only in Europe . The C16 and C116 belong to the same family as the higher-end Plus/4 and are internally very similar to it -LRB- albeit with less RAM - 16 rather than 64 KB - and lacking the Plus/4 's user port and integrated office suite -RRB- . As a result , software is generally compatible among all three provided it can fit within the C16 's smaller RAM and does not utilize the user port on the Plus/4 . While the C16 was a failure on the US market , it enjoyed some success in certain European countries and in Mexico . ", "The United States Navy -LRB- USN -RRB- is the naval warfare service branch of the United States Armed Forces and one of the seven uniformed services of the United States . The U.S. Navy is the largest , most capable navy in the world , with the highest combined battle fleet tonnage . The U.S. Navy has the world 's largest aircraft carrier fleet , with ten in service , two in the reserve fleet , and three new carriers under construction . The service has 323,792 personnel on active duty and 108,515 in the Navy Reserve . It has 274 deployable combat vessels and more than 3,700 operational aircraft . The U.S. Navy traces its origins to the Continental Navy , which was established during the American Revolutionary War and was effectively disbanded as a separate entity shortly thereafter . It played a major role in the American Civil War by blockading the Confederacy and seizing control of its rivers . It played the central role in the World War II defeat of Imperial Japan . The 21st century U.S. Navy maintains a sizable global presence , deploying in strength in such areas as the Western Pacific , the Mediterranean , and the Indian Ocean . It is a blue-water navy with the ability to project force onto the littoral regions of the world , engage in forward areas during peacetime , and rapidly respond to regional crises , making it a frequent actor in U.S. foreign and military policy . The Navy is administratively managed by the Department of the Navy , which is headed by the civilian Secretary of the Navy . The Department of the Navy is itself a division of the Department of Defense , which is headed by the Secretary of Defense . The Chief of Naval Operations -LRB- CNO -RRB- is a four-star admiral and the senior naval officer of the Department of the Navy . The CNO may not be the highest ranking naval officer in the armed forces if the Chairman or the Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff , who by law outrank the CNO , are Navy officers . ", "In the Royal Navy , the rank of master of the fleet denoted the sailing master of a fleet flagship , or the senior sailing master in a fleet . Examples include John Bowen -LRB- master of the fleet during the Glorious First of June 1794 -RRB- , Ian Hogg , and John H. D. Cunningham . By 1814 , the title granted the master extra pay . By 1832 , the masters of the fleet were given the equivalent rank and uniform of commanders . By 1843 , masters were appointed by commission not warrant . By 1864 , the title was changed to `` staff captain '' and ranked after the regular rank of captain , while masters who had served at least 15 years were given the new rank of `` staff commander '' and ranked after commander . During the First World War the title was revived for the Grand Fleet 's senior Navigation Officer . The title has been used outside the Royal Navy , such as in Ultramarines and other science fiction , and for the captain of the Belle of Louisville . " ]

[ 1, 0, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Stomp_the_Yard", "Crocodile_Shop", "M._potens", "Stade_Linité", "The_Pirates_of_Central_Park" ]

[ "Stomp the Yard is a 2007 dance drama film produced by Rainforest Films and released through Sony Pictures ' Screen Gems division on January 12 , 2007 . Directed by Sylvain White , Stomp the Yard centers on DJ Williams , a college student at a fictional historically Black university who pledges to join a fictional Greek-letter fraternity . The film 's central conflict involves DJ 's fraternity competing in various stepping competitions against a rival fraternity from the same school . The film 's script was written by Robert Adetuyi , working from an original draft by Gregory Ramon Anderson . The film was originally titled Steppin '' ' , but to avoid confusion over the 2006 film Step Up , the title was changed . Delta Sigma Theta along with other sororities like Gamma Theta were in the movie . The film stars Columbus Short , Meagan Good , Darrin Henson , Brian White , Laz Alonso , and Valarie Pettiford , with Harry Lennix , and , in their film debuts , R&B singers Ne-Yo & Chris Brown . Stomp the Yard was filmed in Atlanta , Georgia , on the campuses of Morris Brown College , Georgia Institute of Technology , Morehouse College , and Clark Atlanta University , and in the MAK Historic District of Decatur , Georgia . Elsewhere Short and Brown had also starred together in the film This Christmas '' . ", "Crocodile Shop -LRB- later simply Croc Shop -RRB- is an electro-industrial aggrotech EBM band formed in Berlin , Germany in 1987 by Mick Hale and R. A. Werner . ", "M. potens may refer to : Metriorhynchus potens , an extinct Late Jurassic metriorhynchid crocodile species Myolepta potens , a hoverfly species ", "The Stad Linité -LRB- official name -RRB- is a multi-use stadium in Victoria , Seychelles . It is currently used mostly for football matches . The stadium holds 10,000 and was built in 1992 . The stadium plays host also to most of the home games of the Seychelles national football team . The stadium received in February 2007 an artificial turf pitch 3rd generation , One Star field test , by FIFA 's development programme `` win in Africa with Africa '' . ", "The Pirates of Central Park is a 2001 American family adventure film . The film stars Adam Lamberg , singer and actor Jesse McCartney , Patrick Duffy and Michelle Harris . It was released to cinemas on January 1 , 2001 . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Temple_Mount", "Temple_in_Jerusalem", "Temple_Beth_Sholom_-LRB-Cherry_Hill,_New_Jersey-RRB-", "Mount_Nebo", "Dome_of_the_Rock" ]

[ "The Temple Mount -LRB- הַר הַבַּיִת , Har HaBáyit , `` Mount of the House -LSB- of God , i.e. the Temple -RSB- '' -RRB- , known to Muslims as the Haram esh-Sharif -LRB- الحرم الشريف , al-Ḥaram al-Šarīf , `` the Noble Sanctuary '' , or الحرم القدسي الشريف , al-Ḥaram al-Qudsī al-Šarīf , `` the Noble Sanctuary of Jerusalem '' -RRB- , a hill located in the Old City of Jerusalem , is one of the most important religious sites in the world . It has been venerated as a holy site for thousands of years by Judaism , Christianity , and Islam . The present site is dominated by three monumental structures from the early Umayyad period : the al-Aqsa Mosque , the Dome of the Rock and the Dome of the Chain , as well as four minarets . Herodian walls and gates with additions dating back to the late Byzantine and early Islamic periods cut through the flanks of the Mount . Currently it can be reached through eleven gates , ten reserved for Muslims and one for non-Muslims , with guard posts of Israeli police in the vicinity of each . The Temple Mount is the holiest site in Judaism , which regards it as the place where God 's divine presence is manifested more than in any other place . According to the rabbinic sages whose debates produced the Talmud , it was from here the world expanded into its present form and where God gathered the dust used to create the first human , Adam . Since at least the first century CE , the site has been associated in Judaism with Mount Moriah -LRB- הַר הַמוריה , Har HaMōriyā -RRB- ; Mount Moriah is the name given by the Hebrew Bible to the location of Abraham 's binding of Isaac , this identification being perpetuated by Jewish and Christian tradition . Several passages in the Hebrew Bible indicate that during the time when they were written , the Temple Mount was identified as Mount Zion . The Mount Zion mentioned in the later parts of the Book of Isaiah , in the Book of Psalms , and the First Book of Maccabees -LRB- c. 2nd century BCE -RRB- seems to refer to the top of the hill , generally known as the Temple Mount . According to the Book of Samuel , Mount Zion was the site of the Jebusite fortress called the `` stronghold of Zion '' , but once the First Temple was erected , according to the Bible , at the top of the Eastern Hill -LRB- `` Temple Mount '' -RRB- , the name `` Mount Zion '' migrated there too . The name later migrated for a last time , this time to Jerusalem 's Western Hill . According to the Bible , both Jewish Temples stood at the Temple Mount , though archaeological evidence only exists for the Second Temple . However , the identification of Solomon 's Temple with the area of the Temple Mount is widespread . According to the Bible the site should function as the center of all national life -- a governmental , judicial and religious center . During the Second Temple period it functioned also as an economic center . According to Jewish tradition and scripture , the First Temple was built by King Solomon the son of King David in 957 BCE and destroyed by the Babylonians in 586 BCE . The second was constructed under the auspices of Zerubbabel in 516 BCE and destroyed by the Roman Empire in 70 CE . In the 2nd century , the site was used for a temple to Jupiter Capitolinus . It was redeveloped following the Arab conquest . Jewish tradition maintains it is here a Third and final Temple will also be built . The location is the holiest site in Judaism and is the place Jews turn towards during prayer . Due to its extreme sanctity , many Jews will not walk on the Mount itself , to avoid unintentionally entering the area where the Holy of Holies stood , since according to Rabbinical law , some aspect of the divine presence is still present at the site . It was from the Holy of Holies that the High Priest communicated directly with God . The Temple was of central importance in Jewish worship , in the Tanakh and the Christian Old Testament . In the New Testament it remains the site of several events in the life of Jesus , and Christian loyalty to it as a focal point remained long after his death . After the destruction of the Temple in 70 CE , which came to be regarded by early Christians , as it was by Josephus and the sages of the Jerusalem Talmud , to be a divine act of punishment for the sins of the Jewish people , the Temple Mount lost its significance for Christian worship with the Christians considering it a fulfillment of Christ 's prophecy at , for example , and . It was to this end , proof of a biblical prophecy fulfilled and of Christianity 's victory over Judaism with the New Covenant , that early Christian pilgrims also visited the site . Byzantine Christians , despite some signs of constructive work on the esplanade , generally neglected the Temple Mount , especially when a Jewish attempt to rebuild the Temple was destroyed by the earthquake in 363 . and it became a desolate local rubbish dump , perhaps outside the city limits , as Christian worship in Jerusalem shifted to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre , and Jerusalem 's centrality was replaced by Rome . Almost immediately after the Muslim conquest of Jerusalem in 638 CE , Caliph ` Omar ibn al Khatab , disgusted by the filth covering the site , had it thoroughly cleaned , and granted Jews access to the site . Among Sunni Muslims , the Mount is widely considered the third holiest site in Islam . Revered as the Noble Sanctuary , the location of Muhammad 's journey to Jerusalem and ascent to heaven , the site is also associated with Jewish biblical prophets who are also venerated in Islam . Muslims preferred to the esplanade as the heart for the Muslim quarter since it had been abandoned by Christians , to avoid disturbing the Christian quarters of Jerusalem . Umayyad Caliphs commissioned the construction of the al-Aqsa Mosque and Dome of the Rock on the site . The Dome was completed in 692 CE , making it one of the oldest extant Islamic structures in the world . The Al Aqsa Mosque rests on the far southern side of the Mount , facing Mecca . The Dome of the Rock currently sits in the middle , occupying or close to the area where the Holy Temple previously stood . In light of the dual claims of both Judaism and Islam , it is one of the most contested religious sites in the world . Since the Crusades , the Muslim community of Jerusalem has managed the site as a Waqf , without interruption . As the site is part of the Old City , controlled by Israel since 1967 , both Israel and the Palestinian Authority claim sovereignty over it , and it remains a major focal point of the Arab -- Israeli conflict . In an attempt to keep the status quo , the Israeli government enforces a controversial ban on prayer by non-Muslims . ", "The Temple in Jerusalem or Holy Temple -LRB- , Modern : Beit HaMikdash , Tiberian : Beiṯ HamMiqdāš , Ashkenazi : Beis HaMikdosh ; ቤተ መቅደስ : Betä Mäqdäs -RRB- was any of a series of structures which were located on the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem , the current site of the Dome of the Rock and Al-Aqsa Mosque . These successive temples stood at this location and functioned as a site of ancient Israelite and later Jewish worship . ", "Temple Beth Sholom -LRB- TBS -RRB- is a Conservative synagogue located at 1901 Kresson Road in Cherry Hill , New Jersey . ", "Mount Nebo -LRB- جبل نيبو Jabal Nībū ; Har Nevo -RRB- is an elevated ridge in Jordan , approximately 817 m above sea level , mentioned in the Hebrew Bible as the place where Moses was granted a view of the Promised Land . The view from the summit provides a panorama of the Holy Land and , to the north , a more limited one of the valley of the River Jordan . The West Bank city of Jericho is usually visible from the summit , as is Jerusalem on a very clear day . ", "The Dome of the Rock -LRB- -LSB- قبة الصخرة , links = no -RSB- Qubbat al-Sakhrah , -LSB- כיפת הסלע , links = no -RSB- Kippat ha-Sela -RRB- is an Islamic shrine located on the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem . It was initially completed in 691 CE at the order of Umayyad Caliph Abd al-Malik during the Second Fitna , built on the site of the Roman temple of Jupiter Capitolinus , which had in turn been built on the site of Herod 's Temple , destroyed during the Roman Siege of Jerusalem in 70 CE . The original dome collapsed in 1015 and was rebuilt in 1022 -- 23 . The Dome of the Rock is in its core one of the oldest extant works of Islamic architecture . Its architecture and mosaics were patterned after nearby Byzantine churches and palaces , although its outside appearance has been significantly changed in the Ottoman period and again in the modern period , notably with the addition of the gold-plated roof , in 1959 -- 61 and again in 1993 . The octagonal plan of the structure may also have been influenced by the Byzantine Church of the Seat of Mary -LRB- also known as Kathisma in Greek and al-Qadismu in Arabic -RRB- built between 451 and 458 on the road between Jerusalem and Bethlehem . The site 's great significance for Muslims derives from traditions connecting it to the creation of the world and to the belief that the Prophet Muhammad 's Night Journey to heaven started from the rock at the center of the structure . The rock also bears great significance for Jews as the site of Abraham 's attempted sacrifice of his son . It has been called `` Jerusalem 's most recognizable landmark , '' and it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site , along with two nearby Temple Mount structures , the Western Wall , and the `` Resurrection Rotunda '' in the nearby Church of the Holy Sepulchre . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ]

[ "Jack_Lowden", "J._S._Jossey", "Jack_Nicholson", "John_Barton_-LRB-Emmerdale-RRB-", "Jack_Davies_-LRB-screenwriter-RRB-" ]

[ "Jack Lowden -LRB- born 2 June 1990 -RRB- is a Scottish stage , television , and film actor . Following a highly successful and award-winning four-year stage career , his first major international onscreen success was in the 2016 miniseries War & Peace , which led to starring roles in feature films . Lowden starred as Eric Liddell in the 2012 play Chariots of Fire in London . In 2014 he won an Olivier Award and the Ian Charleson Award for his role as Oswald in Richard Eyre 's 2013 adaptation of Ibsen 's Ghosts . In 2014 Screen Daily named him one of the UK Stars of Tomorrow . Since 2013 he has been in British television series and feature films , including substantial roles in The Tunnel -LRB- 2013 -RRB- and '71 -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , and leading roles in the BBC miniseries The Passing Bells -LRB- 2014 -RRB- and War & Peace -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . His current projects include roles as golfing legend Tommy Morris in Tommy 's Honour , Tony Benn in the historical film A United Kingdom , a main-cast role in the Holocaust legal-drama film Denial , one of the leads in Christopher Nolan 's Dunkirk , the starring role of Morrissey in the biopic England Is Mine , one of the two leads in the thriller Calibre , and Zak `` Zodiac '' Bevis in Fighting with My Family . In late 2016 the UK arts and entertainment magazine The List chose Lowden as one of The Hot 100 2016 . ", "Jack S. Jossey was an American film producer and businessman . A Seagram stockholder , he helped finance and film many exploitation films during the 1940s , including Mom and Dad and The Prince of Peace . ", "John Joseph `` Jack '' Nicholson -LRB- born April 22 , 1937 -RRB- is an American actor and filmmaker , who has performed for over 60 years . Nicholson is known for playing a wide range of starring or supporting roles , including satirical comedy , romance and dark portrayals of antiheroes and psychopathic characters . In many of his films , he has played the `` eternal outsider , the sardonic drifter , '' someone who rebels against the social structure . Nicholson 's 12 Academy Award nominations make him the most nominated male actor in the Academy 's history . Nicholson has won the Academy Award for Best Actor twice , one for the drama One Flew Over the Cuckoo 's Nest -LRB- 1975 -RRB- and the other for the romantic comedy As Good as It Gets -LRB- 1997 -RRB- . He also won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for the comedy-drama Terms of Endearment -LRB- 1983 -RRB- . Nicholson is one of three male actors to win three Academy Awards . Nicholson is one of only two actors to be nominated for an Academy Award for acting in every decade from the 1960s to the 2000s ; the other is Michael Caine . He has won six Golden Globe Awards , and received the Kennedy Center Honor in 2001 . In 1994 , he became one of the youngest actors to be awarded the American Film Institute 's Life Achievement Award . Other films in which he has starred include the road movie Easy Rider -LRB- 1969 -RRB- , the drama Five Easy Pieces -LRB- 1970 -RRB- , the comedy-drama film The Last Detail -LRB- 1973 -RRB- , the neo-noir mystery film Chinatown -LRB- 1974 -RRB- , the drama The Passenger -LRB- 1975 -RRB- , and the epic film Reds -LRB- 1981 -RRB- . He played Jack Torrance in Stanley Kubrick 's horror film The Shining -LRB- 1980 -RRB- , the Joker in Tim Burton 's superhero film Batman -LRB- 1989 -RRB- , and Frank Costello in Martin Scorsese 's neo-noir crime drama The Departed -LRB- 2006 -RRB- . Other films include the legal drama A Few Good Men -LRB- 1992 -RRB- , the Sean Penn-directed mystery film The Pledge -LRB- 2001 -RRB- , and the comedy-drama About Schmidt -LRB- 2002 -RRB- . ", "John Barton is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera , Emmerdale , played by James Thornton . The actor was asked to audition for the part and he called it the `` most frightening audition '' he had ever done . Thornton won the role of John , who was introduced to Emmerdale along with his family as part of an overhaul of the show by the series producer Gavin Blyth . The Barton family took over the running of Butler 's Farm and they were described as being `` sexy , modern and contemporary '' . Thornton made his debut screen appearance during the episode broadcast on 17 July 2009 . The following year , he signed a one-year extension to his contract . In November 2011 , Thornton revealed that he was to leave Emmerdale after three years and he departed on 16 February 2012 . Shortly before he arrived on-screen , Blyth described John as being `` a very charismatic and modern farmer . '' He was a family man , who was honest and hard-working . Kate Woodward of Inside Soap called him `` ruggedly handsome '' and said he had a heart of gold . Thornton called his character a `` proper bloke '' , who was quite moral . John and his family moved to the village to make Butler 's Farm a success . John was good at business and employed a modern approach to farming . He and his wife , Moira -LRB- Natalie J. Robb -RRB- , were childhood sweethearts and their marriage was initially solid . However , John shared a kiss with Eve Jenson -LRB- Suzanne Shaw -RRB- and two years later Moira had an affair with Cain Dingle -LRB- Jeff Hordley -RRB- . John struggled to forgive Moira for her infidelity , but eventually realised that he could not be without her . ", "Jack Davies -LRB- 25 November 1913 -- 22 June 1994 -RRB- was an English screenwriter , producer , editor and actor . Davies was prolific comedy screenwriter . His 48 credits include films starring comedians Will Hay and Norman Wisdom . He was nominated for an Oscar for his work on Those Magnificent Men in Their Flying Machines . His eldest son John Howard Davies was a successful child actor and BBC television executive . " ]

[ 1, 0, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Hezbollah", "People's_Movement_-LRB-Lebanon-RRB-", "Reform_Party_of_Syria", "Outline_of_Syria", "Samir_Geagea" ]

[ "Hezbollah -LRB- pronounced -LSB- ˌhɛzbəˈlɑː -RSB- حزب الله , literally `` Party of Allah '' or `` Party of God '' -RRB- -- also transliterated Hizbullah , Hizballah , etc. -- is a Shi'a Islamist militant group and political party based in Lebanon . Hezbollah 's paramilitary wing is the Jihad Council , and its political wing is Loyalty to the Resistance Bloc party in the Lebanese parliament . After the death of Abbas al-Musawi in 1992 , the group has been headed by Hassan Nasrallah , its Secretary-General . After the Israeli invasion of Lebanon in 1982 in support of the Free Lebanon State , Israel occupied a strip of south Lebanon , which was controlled by the South Lebanon Army -LRB- SLA -RRB- , a Lebanese Christian militia supported by Israel . Hezbollah was conceived by Muslim clerics and funded by Iran primarily to harass the Israeli occupation . Its leaders were followers of Ayatollah Khomeini , and its forces were trained and organized by a contingent of 1,500 Revolutionary Guards that arrived from Iran with permission from the Syrian government , which was in occupation of Lebanon at the time . Hezbollah 's 1985 manifesto listed its objectives as the expulsion of `` the Americans , the French and their allies definitely from Lebanon , putting an end to any colonialist entity on our land '' , submission of the Phalangists to `` just power '' and bringing them to justice `` for the crimes they have perpetrated against Muslims and Christians '' , and permitting `` all the sons of our people '' to choose the form of government they want , while calling on them to `` pick the option of Islamic government '' . Hezbollah waged a guerilla campaign in South Lebanon and as a result , Israel withdrew from Lebanon on May 24 , 2000 , and SLA collapsed and surrendered . Backed by Iran , Hezbollah fighters fought against Serbian forces during the Bosnian War . Hezbollah 's military strength has grown so significantly that its paramilitary wing is considered more powerful than the Lebanese Army . Hezbollah has been described as a `` state within a state '' , and has grown into an organization with seats in the Lebanese government , a radio and a satellite TV station , social services and large-scale military deployment of fighters beyond Lebanon 's borders . Hezbollah is part of the March 8 Alliance within Lebanon , in opposition to the March 14 Alliance . Hezbollah maintains strong support among Lebanon 's Shi'a population , while Sunnis have disagreed with the group 's agenda . Hezbollah receives military training , weapons , and financial support from Iran , and political support from Syria . Hezbollah and Israel fought each other in the 2006 Lebanon War . After the 2006 -- 08 Lebanese protests and clashes , a national unity government was formed in 2008 , with Hezbollah and its opposition allies obtaining eleven of thirty cabinets seats , which gives them veto power . In August 2008 , Lebanon 's new Cabinet unanimously approved a draft policy statement which recognized Hezbollah 's existence as an armed organization and guarantees its right to `` liberate or recover occupied lands '' -LRB- such as the Shebaa Farms -RRB- . Since 2012 , Hezbollah has helped the Syrian government during the Syrian civil war in its fight against the Syrian opposition , which Hezbollah has described as a Zionist plot and a `` Wahhabi-Zionist conspiracy '' to destroy its alliance with Assad against Israel . It has deployed its militia in both Syria and Iraq to fight or train local forces to fight against ISIS . Once seen as a resistance movement throughout much of the Arab world , this image upon which the group 's legitimacy rested has been severely damaged due to the sectarian nature of the Syrian Civil War in which it has become embroiled . Hezbollah 's status as a legitimate political party , a terrorist group , a resistance movement , or some combination thereof is a contentious issue . The Arab League , United States , France , the Gulf Cooperation Council , Australia , Canada , the Netherlands , and Israel have classified Hezbollah as a terrorist organization . The European Union , New Zealand and the United Kingdom have proscribed Hezbollah 's military wing as a terrorist organization , while making a distinction with Hezbollah 's political wing . Russia considers Hezbollah a legitimate sociopolitical organization . The People 's Republic of China remains neutral , and maintains contacts with Hezbollah . ", "The People 's Movement of Lebanon -LRB- PML , حركة الشعب Harakat Al-Shaeb , Arabic acronym HSB -RRB- is a democratic leftist political party with no seats in the Lebanese Parliament . The party 's founder , Najah Wakim , won parliamentary representation in 1972 , but boycotted elections in 2000 and failed to win afterward , leaving the party with no representation in government . The party was founded in 2000 and has recently elected a new leader , Ibrahim al-Halabi . It is a member of the March 8 Alliance governmentary coalition , and pushes democratic ideals while being popular with the younger , student generation , especially those at the American University of Beirut . The People 's Movement opposes the economic policies of Rafik Hariri and his Future Movement and adopts radical alter-globalist , anti-American and anti-Israeli positions . The Movement is now part of the Lebanese opposition against the March 14 Alliance and is allied to Hezbollah , the Free Patriotic Movement , the Syrian Social Nationalist Party , the Lebanese Communist Party , the Marada Movement and several other smaller parties . The party 's main ideas deal with the reformation of the Lebanese political system and strengthened relations between Arab countries . ", "The Reform Party of Syria -LRB- حزب الاصلاح السوري Ḥizb Al-Iṣlāḥ Al-Sūrīy -RRB- , or RPS is a Syrian political party and lobby group based in the United States that was active in the mid to late 2000s . Its leader Farid Ghadry is a United States citizen and has been described as `` controversial '' by Al Jazeera . The RPS claims to have been formed in response to 9/11 . It is a member of fellow lobbying organization the Coalition Against Terrorist Media . WikiLeaks cables released revealed that Ghadry and his organization were viewed as `` unwelcome '' by Riad Seif , and a Syrian member of parliament described Ghadry as not being a `` major figure '' , and was perplexed by U.S. backing of him . Similarly Haitham al-Maleh , who would later become a senior figure in the Syrian National Council , viewed Ghadry as an `` opportunist '' . ", "The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Syria : Syria -- country in Western Asia , that borders Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the West , Turkey to the north , Iraq to the east , Jordan to the south and Israel to the southwest . Civilization in Syria was one of the most ancient on earth . Syria is part of the Fertile Crescent , and from approximately 10,000 BCE it was one of the centers of Neolithic culture where agriculture and cattle breeding appeared for the first time in the world . Over the millennia , Syria has been conquered and settled by many different peoples . A country of fertile plains , high mountains and deserts , it is home to diverse ethnic and religious groups , including Syriacs , Assyrians , Kurds , Circassians , Armenians , Druze , Alawite , Christians , Shias and Sunnis . The latter make up the majority of the population . Since March 2011 , Syria has been embroiled in civil war in the wake of uprisings -LRB- considered an extension of the Arab Spring , the mass movement of revolutions and protests in the Arab world -RRB- against Assad and the neo-Ba ` athist government . The opposition Syrian National Coalition selected Ghassan Hitto as prime minister of a rival provisional government on March 19 , 2013 after being invited to do so by several foreign governments and the Arab League . ", "Samir Farid Geagea -LRB- Arabic : ْسمير فريد جَعْجَع , -LSB- samiːr ʤʕaʤʕa -RSB- , also spelled Samir Ja ` ja ` ; born 25 October 1952 -RRB- is a Lebanese politician and commander . He is also the executive chairman of the Lebanese Forces , the second largest Christian political party in Lebanon . He took leadership of the LF in 1986 . After the civil war , there was increased pressure by Syria on Geagea to accept the Syrian presence or face charges . Prior to his arrest , he was contacted by several sympathetic politicians and warned about the forthcoming proceedings and offered safe passage out of Lebanon . In 1994 , four years after the end of the Lebanese Civil War , Geagea was tried for ordering four political assassinations , including the assassination of Lebanon 's Prime Minister Rashid Karami in 1987 , and the unsuccessful attempted assassination of Defense Minister Michel Murr in 1991 . He denied all charges , but was found guilty and sentenced to four death sentences , each of which was commuted to life in prison . Geagea was imprisoned in solitary confinement below the Lebanese Ministry of Defense building in Beirut for the next 11 years . He is the only Lebanese militia leader to have been imprisoned for crimes committed during the Lebanese Civil War . Following the Cedar Revolution , and the subsequent withdrawal of Syrian forces from Lebanon , a newly elected Lebanese Parliament voted to grant him amnesty on 18 July 2005 . A Saudi cable leak from WikiLeaks revealed that the LF was going bankrupt in 2012 , because of that he requested financial help from Saudi Arabia and said according to ambassador that he was `` ready to do what the kingdom asks me to do '' . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "Punch-Drunk_Love", "Crying_Out_in_Love", "Love_Will_Tear_Us_Apart_-LRB-1999_film-RRB-", "Let's_Make_Love", "Love_Letters_-LRB-1984_film-RRB-" ]

[ "Punch-Drunk Love is a 2002 American romantic comedy-drama film written and directed by Paul Thomas Anderson and starring Adam Sandler , Emily Watson , Philip Seymour Hoffman , Luis Guzmán , and Mary Lynn Rajskub . After the release of his previous film Magnolia -LRB- which ran over three hours -RRB- , Anderson stated that he would like to work with Adam Sandler in the future and that he was determined to make his next film ninety minutes long . The film was produced by Revolution Studios and New Line Cinema , and distributed by Columbia Pictures ; it features the video art of Jeremy Blake in the form of visual interludes . The film received positive reviews from critics , with Sandler 's performance receiving critical praise , but just failed to recoup its production budget at the box office . ", "Crying Out In Love is a 2016 Chinese romance film directed and co-written by Kwak Jae-yong , starring Oho Ou , Zhang Huiwen and Yang Zi . The film is an adaptation of Kyoichi Katayama 's 2004 novel Socrates in Love . It was released by Beijing Enlight Pictures on 26 August 2016 . ", "Love Will Tear Us Apart is a 1999 Hong Kong drama film written and directed by Yu Lik-wai , produced by and starring Tony Leung Ka-fai . It was entered into the 1999 Cannes Film Festival . ", "Let 's Make Love is a 1960 musical comedy film made by 20th Century Fox in DeLuxe Color and CinemaScope . It was directed by George Cukor and produced by Jerry Wald from a screenplay by Norman Krasna , Hal Kanter , and Arthur Miller . It starred Marilyn Monroe , Yves Montand , and Tony Randall . It would be Monroe 's last musical film performance . ", "Love Letters is a 1984 American romantic drama film starring Jamie Lee Curtis . The film is directed by Amy Holden Jones which Roger Corman agreed to finance following her success with The Slumber Party Massacre -LRB- 1982 -RRB- . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]

[ "Punch-Drunk_Love", "Crying_Out_in_Love", "Love_Will_Tear_Us_Apart_-LRB-1999_film-RRB-", "Let's_Make_Love", "Love_Letters_-LRB-1984_film-RRB-" ]

[ "Punch-Drunk Love is a 2002 American romantic comedy-drama film written and directed by Paul Thomas Anderson and starring Adam Sandler , Emily Watson , Philip Seymour Hoffman , Luis Guzmán , and Mary Lynn Rajskub . After the release of his previous film Magnolia -LRB- which ran over three hours -RRB- , Anderson stated that he would like to work with Adam Sandler in the future and that he was determined to make his next film ninety minutes long . The film was produced by Revolution Studios and New Line Cinema , and distributed by Columbia Pictures ; it features the video art of Jeremy Blake in the form of visual interludes . The film received positive reviews from critics , with Sandler 's performance receiving critical praise , but just failed to recoup its production budget at the box office . ", "Crying Out In Love is a 2016 Chinese romance film directed and co-written by Kwak Jae-yong , starring Oho Ou , Zhang Huiwen and Yang Zi . The film is an adaptation of Kyoichi Katayama 's 2004 novel Socrates in Love . It was released by Beijing Enlight Pictures on 26 August 2016 . ", "Love Will Tear Us Apart is a 1999 Hong Kong drama film written and directed by Yu Lik-wai , produced by and starring Tony Leung Ka-fai . It was entered into the 1999 Cannes Film Festival . ", "Let 's Make Love is a 1960 musical comedy film made by 20th Century Fox in DeLuxe Color and CinemaScope . It was directed by George Cukor and produced by Jerry Wald from a screenplay by Norman Krasna , Hal Kanter , and Arthur Miller . It starred Marilyn Monroe , Yves Montand , and Tony Randall . It would be Monroe 's last musical film performance . ", "Love Letters is a 1984 American romantic drama film starring Jamie Lee Curtis . The film is directed by Amy Holden Jones which Roger Corman agreed to finance following her success with The Slumber Party Massacre -LRB- 1982 -RRB- . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]

[ "Donald_Duck", "Sailor_suit", "Donald_Duck_in_comics", "Donald_Duck_Party", "Melissa_Duck" ]

[ "Donald Duck is a cartoon character created in 1934 at Walt Disney Productions . Donald is an anthropomorphic white duck with a yellow-orange bill , legs , and feet . He typically wears a sailor shirt and cap with a bow tie . Donald is most famous for his semi-intelligible speech and his mischievous and temperamental personality . Along with his friend Mickey Mouse , Donald is one of the most popular Disney characters and was included in TV Guide 's list of the 50 greatest cartoon characters of all time in 2002 . He has appeared in more films than any other Disney character , and is the most published comic book character in the world outside of the superhero genre . Donald Duck rose to fame with his comedic roles in animated cartoons . Donald 's first appearance was in 1934 in The Wise Little Hen , but it was his second appearance in Orphan 's Benefit which introduced him as a temperamental comic foil to Mickey Mouse . Throughout the next two decades , Donald appeared in over 150 theatrical films , several of which were recognized at the Academy Awards . In the 1930s , he typically appeared as part of a comic trio with Mickey and Goofy and was given his own film series in 1937 starting with Don Donald . These films introduced Donald 's love interest Daisy Duck and often included his three nephews Huey , Dewey , and Louie . After the 1956 film Chips Ahoy , Donald appeared primarily in educational films before eventually returning to theatrical animation in Mickey 's Christmas Carol -LRB- 1983 -RRB- . His most recent appearance in a theatrical film was 1999 's Fantasia 2000 . Donald has also appeared in direct-to-video features such as Mickey , Donald , Goofy : The Three Musketeers -LRB- 2004 -RRB- , television series such as Mickey Mouse Clubhouse -LRB- 2006 -- 2016 -RRB- , and video games such as QuackShot -LRB- 1991 -RRB- . Beyond animation , Donald is primarily known for his appearances in comics . Donald was most famously drawn by Al Taliaferro , Carl Barks , and Don Rosa . Barks , in particular , is credited for greatly expanding the `` Donald Duck universe '' , the world in which Donald lives , and creating many additional characters such as Donald 's rich uncle Scrooge McDuck . Donald has been a very popular character in Europe , particularly in Nordic countries where his weekly magazine Donald Duck & Co was the most popular comics publication from the 1950s to 2009 . Disney comics ' fandom is sometimes referred to as `` Donaldism '' , a term which originated in Norway -LRB- Donaldisme -RRB- . ", "A sailor suit is a uniform traditionally worn by enlisted seamen in the navy , and other government funded sea services . It later developed into a popular clothing style for children , especially as dress clothes . ", "Donald Duck , a cartoon character created by the Walt Disney Company , is today the star of dozens of comic-book and comic-strip stories published each month -LRB- in certain parts of the world , each week -RRB- around the world . ", "The Donald Duck Party is a Swedish joke political party named after the Disney character Donald Duck . The party has received joke or protest votes without actually existing for several years ; however , before the Swedish general election , 2002 , Malmö citizen Bosse Persson had ballots made for the party -LRB- as well as for several other frivolous parties -RRB- . Contrary to popular belief , however , the party was never officially registered with the Election Authority . At the very most , the Donald Duck Party has scored enough write-in votes at points theoretically to be the country 's ninth-most popular -LRB- in 1991 , it received 1,535 votes -RRB- . In the 2002 national election , the party received 10 votes from pre-printed ballots and an unknown number of hand-written ballots . In the 2006 elections , the party -LRB- including all spellings -RRB- received 225 votes , placing it in the middle of the pack - 21st place out of about 40 parties running for office . All votes were write-in . In the 2010 elections , the party received 107 votes , making it the largest party without pre-printed ballots , and the 21st largest party in the Swedish riksdag elections . In the 2014 elections , the party received 133 votes , the 24th most voted for party in the Riksdag elections and the third largest party without pre-printed ballots . ", "Melissa Duck is an animated cartoon character in the Warner Brothers Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies series of cartoons and the animated television series Baby Looney Tunes . She is featured as main character Daffy Duck 's blonde girlfriend in several cartoon shorts but is only referred to as Melissa in one , The Scarlet Pumpernickel , where she is voiced by Marian Richman . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "1969_in_Rwanda", "Uganda", "Rwandan_presidential_election,_2003", "Rwanda", "Tourism_in_Rwanda" ]

[ "The following lists events that happened during 1969 in Rwanda . ", "Uganda -LRB- -LSB- juːˈɡændə -RSB- or -LSB- juːˈɡɑːndə -RSB- -RRB- , officially the Republic of Uganda , is a landlocked country in East Africa . It is bordered to the east by Kenya , to the north by South Sudan , to the west by the Democratic Republic of the Congo , to the south-west by Rwanda , and to the south by Tanzania . The southern part of the country includes a substantial portion of Lake Victoria , shared with Kenya and Tanzania . Uganda is in the African Great Lakes region . Uganda also lies within the Nile basin , and has a varied but generally a modified equatorial climate . Uganda takes its name from the Buganda kingdom , which encompasses a large portion of the south of the country , including the capital Kampala . The people of Uganda were hunter-gatherers until 1,700 to 2,300 years ago , when Bantu-speaking populations migrated to the southern parts of the country . Beginning in 1894 , the area was ruled as a protectorate by the British , who established administrative law across the territory . Uganda gained independence from Britain on 9 October 1962 . The period since then has been marked by intermittent conflicts , including a lengthy civil war against the Lord 's Resistance Army in the Northern Region , which has caused hundreds of thousands of casualties . The official languages are English and Swahili , although `` any other language may be used as a medium of instruction in schools or other educational institutions or for legislative , administrative or judicial purposes as may be prescribed by law . '' Luganda , a central language , is widely spoken across the country , and several other languages are also spoken including Runyoro , Runyankole , Rukiga , and Luo . The president of Uganda is Yoweri Museveni , who came to power in January 1986 after a protracted six-year guerrilla war . ", "Presidential elections were held in Rwanda on 25 August 2003 . They were the first presidential elections since the Rwandan Civil War and the first multi-party presidential elections in the country 's history . Paul Kagame of the Rwandan Patriotic Front was elected with 95 % of the vote . ", "Rwanda -LRB- -LSB- ɹuːˈɑːndə -RSB- or -LSB- ɹuːˈændə -RSB- ; U Rwanda -LSB- u.ɾɡwanda -RSB- -RRB- , officially the Republic of Rwanda -LRB- Repubulika y' u Rwanda République du Rwanda -RRB- , is a sovereign state in Central and East Africa and one of the smallest countries on the African mainland . Located a few degrees south of the Equator , Rwanda is bordered by Uganda , Tanzania , Burundi and the Democratic Republic of the Congo . Rwanda is in the African Great Lakes region and is highly elevated ; its geography is dominated by mountains in the west and savanna to the east , with numerous lakes throughout the country . The climate is temperate to subtropical , with two rainy seasons and two dry seasons each year . The population is young and predominantly rural , with a density among the highest in Africa . Rwandans are drawn from just one cultural and linguistic group , the Banyarwanda , although within this group there are three subgroups : the Hutu , Tutsi and Twa . The Twa are a forest-dwelling pygmy people descended from Rwanda 's earliest inhabitants . Scholars disagree on the origins of and differences between the Hutu and Tutsi ; some believe differences are derived from former social castes within a single people , while others believe the Hutu and Tutsi arrived in the country separately , and from different locations . Christianity is the largest religion in the country ; the principal language is Kinyarwanda , spoken by most Rwandans , with English and French serving as official languages . Rwanda has a presidential system of government . The president is Paul Kagame of the Rwandan Patriotic Front -LRB- RPF -RRB- , who took office in 2000 . Rwanda today has low corruption compared with neighbouring countries , although human rights organisations report suppression of opposition groups , intimidation and restrictions on freedom of speech . The country has been governed by an ordered administrative hierarchy since pre-colonial times ; there are five provinces delineated by borders drawn in 2006 . Rwanda is one of only two countries with a female majority in the national parliament . Hunter gatherers settled the territory in the stone and iron ages , followed later by Bantu peoples . The population coalesced first into clans and then into kingdoms . The Kingdom of Rwanda dominated from the mid-18th century , with the Tutsi kings conquering others militarily , centralising power and later enacting anti-Hutu policies . Germany colonised Rwanda in 1884 as part of German East Africa , followed by Belgium , which invaded in 1916 during the First World War . Both European nations ruled through the kings and perpetuated a pro-Tutsi policy . The Hutu population revolted in 1959 . They massacred numerous Tutsi and ultimately established an independent , Hutu-dominated state in 1962 . The Tutsi-led Rwandan Patriotic Front launched a civil war in 1990 . Social tensions erupted in the 1994 genocide , in which Hutu extremists killed an estimated 500,000 to 1.3 million Tutsi and moderate Hutu . The RPF ended the genocide with a military victory . Rwanda 's economy suffered heavily during the 1994 Rwandan Genocide , but has since strengthened . The economy is based mostly on subsistence agriculture . Coffee and tea are the major cash crops for export . Tourism is a fast-growing sector and is now the country 's leading foreign exchange earner . Rwanda is one of only two countries in which mountain gorillas can be visited safely , and visitors pay for gorilla tracking permits . Music and dance are an integral part of Rwandan culture , particularly drums and the highly choreographed intore dance . Traditional arts and crafts are produced throughout the country . ", "Tourism in Rwanda is rapidly increasing since the genocide that took place in 1994 . In 2010 , 666,000 tourists visited the country . This resulted in tourism revenues of $ 200 million , an increase of 14 % over 2009 . " ]

[ 0, 2, 0, 2, 2 ]

[ "Sensitive_Skin_-LRB-UK_TV_series-RRB-", "Rich_-LRB-Skins_series_5-RRB-", "Skins_-LRB-UK_TV_series-RRB-", "The_Skin_I'm_In_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Submission_-LRB-TV_series-RRB-" ]

[ "Sensitive Skin is a BBC television comedy-drama series , produced by Baby Cow Productions for BBC Two . It stars Joanna Lumley and was first broadcast in 2005 , with a second series following in 2007 . Series 1 and 2 have aired on CBC Country Canada . Series 1 aired in Australia on ABC TV in mid-2007 -LRB- repeated 2009 -RRB- . On 16 April 2008 , BBC Video announced a DVD release . Sensitive Skin - The Complete Seasons 1 and 2 -- a 2-disc set including all 12 original episodes from the First and Second Seasons -- would be released on 5 August 2008 . ", "Rich is the second episode of the fifth series of the British teen drama Skins . It first aired on E4 in the UK on 3 February 2011 . The episode focuses on the character Rich Hardbeck -LRB- Alex Arnold -RRB- as he attempts to find a girlfriend , with the help of his friend Grace Blood -LRB- Jessica Sula -RRB- . ", "Skins is a British teen drama that follows the lives of a group of teenagers in Bristol , South West England , through the two years of sixth form . Its controversial story-lines have explored issues such as dysfunctional families , mental illness -LRB- such as depression , eating disorders and bipolar disorder -RRB- , adolescent sexuality , gender , substance abuse , death and bullying . Each episode generally focuses on a particular character and the struggles they face in their life . The episodes are named after the featured character . The show was created by father-and-son television writers Bryan Elsley and Jamie Brittain for Company Pictures , and premiered on E4 on 25 January 2007 . The show went on to be a critical success as well as a ratings winner within its target demographic . Over its initial six-year run , Skins proved to be atypical of ongoing drama series in that it replaced its primary cast every two years . Plans for a film spin-off were first discussed in 2009 , but ultimately did not come to fruition . Instead , a specially-commissioned seventh and final series of the show was broadcast in 2013 , featuring some of the cast from its 2007 -- 10 run . The show 's name comes from the cigarette rolling papers known as `` skins '' . Other ventures to expand the brand have included a short-lived North American remake , which aired on MTV in 2011 but was cancelled after one season after advertisers abandoned the series in response to low ratings and the significant controversy which arose over its depiction of teen sexuality . ", "The Skin I 'm In is a 2012 autobiographical documentary film that was produced , directed , shot , and edited by American filmmaker , scholar , and professor Broderick Fox . The film had its world premiere at the 2012 Byron Bay Film Festival and had its United States premiere at the Arizona International Film Festival , where it was awarded a Special Jury Award for Best Personal Filmmaking . The Skin I 'm In will be released for stream and download on October 1 , 2013 through The Orchard . ", "Submission is an American erotic thriller mini-series created by Jacky St. James and Paul Fishbein , starring Ashlynn Yennie , Justin Berti , Victoria Levine and Skin Diamond . The series premiered on Showtime on 12 May 2016 . " ]

[ 2, 0, 1, 0, 0 ]

[ "Taarak_Mehta_Ka_Ooltah_Chashmah", "Ekta_Kapoor", "Maakan_Tounkara", "Mari_Mahr", "Kate_Fischer" ]

[ "Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah -LRB- English : Taarak Mehta 's Different Perspective -RRB- is India 's longest running sitcom serial produced by Neela Tele Films Private Limited . The show went on-air on July 28 , 2008 . It airs from Monday to Friday at 8:30 pm , with its repeat telecast at 11:00 pm and the next day at 3:00 pm on SAB TV . The show started its re-run on Sony Pal from November 2 , 2015 at 4:30 pm and 8:00 pm everyday . The show is based on the column Duniya Ne Oondha Chashma written by columnist and journalist Taarak Mehta for Gujarati weekly magazine Chitralekha . ", "Ekta Kapoor -LRB- born 7 June 1975 -RRB- is an Indian TV and film producer . She is the Joint Managing Director and Creative Director of Balaji Telefilms , her production company . Kapoor is the daughter of actor Jeetendra and Shobha Kapoor . Her younger brother Tusshar Kapoor is also a Bollywood actor . She did her schooling at Bombay Scottish School , Mahim and attended college at Mithibai College . She has produced numerous soap opera , television series and movies . Some soap operas she had worked on include Hum Paanch , Kyunki Saas Bhi Kabhi Bahu Thi , Kahaani Ghar Ghar Ki , Kasautii Zindagii Kay , Pavitra Rishta , Bade Acche Lagte Hain , and Jodha Akbar . Kapoor has also produced the television series Naagin , Ye Hai Mohabbatein , Kumkum Bhagya , Kavach and Kasam Tere Pyaar Ki . She has also launched her fashion series with EK Label . She ventured into Bollywood movie production in 2001 beginning with Kyo Kii ... Main Jhuth Nahin Bolta , Kucch To Hai and Krishna Cottage based on supernatural themes followed in 2003 and 2004 . Kyaa Kool Hai Hum starred her brother Tusshar Kapoor . She then went on to co-produce Shootout at Lokhandwala with Sanjay Gupta . Mission Istanbul and EMI -- Liya Hai Toh Chukana Padhega in collaboration with Sunil Shetty followed . In 2010 to 2014 she released a number of films including Love Sex aur Dhokha , Once Upon a Time in Mumbaai , and Shor in the City . ", "Maakan Tounkara -LRB- born 1983 in Epernay , France -RRB- is a French handball player . She plays for the French national team . She participated at the 2008 Summer Olympics in China , where the French team placed fifth . ", "Mari Mahr -LRB- born 1941 -RRB- is a Hungarian-British photographer . She was born in Santiago , Chile where her Hungarian Jewish parents had fled during World War II . After the war , the family moved back to Budapest . Mahr was inspired to study journalism by Jean-Luc Godard 's film À Bout de Souffle . She also became a trainee press photographer . In 1973 she moved to London and continued her photography studies at the Polytechnic of Central London -LRB- now the University of Westminster -RRB- . She has lived and worked in London ever since . Mahr has had over 60 solo exhibitions around the world . The British Council staged Mahr retrospectives in her countries of origin Hungary and Chile . She received the Fox Talbot Award from the National Museum of Photography , Film and Television in 1989 . A book titled Between Ourselves : The Photographs of Mari Mahr was published in 1998 , featuring contributions by Amanda Hopkinson . ", "Katherine Helen `` Kate '' Fischer -LRB- born 30 November 1973 -RRB- , now legally known as Tziporah Malkah bat Israel , is an Australian-American aged care worker , reality television cast member and former model and actress . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "Grateful_Dead", "Tom_Constanten", "Frank_Watkins_-LRB-musician-RRB-", "Grateful_Dead-COLON-_Backstage_Pass", "Live_at_Hampton_Coliseum" ]

[ "The Grateful Dead was an American rock band formed in 1965 in Palo Alto , California . Ranging from quintet to septet , the band is known for its unique and eclectic style , which fused elements of rock , psychedelia , experimental music , modal jazz , country , folk , bluegrass , blues , reggae , and space rock , for live performances of lengthy instrumental jams , and for their devoted fan base , known as `` Deadheads '' . `` Their music , '' writes Lenny Kaye , `` touches on ground that most other groups do n't even know exists . '' These various influences were distilled into a diverse and psychedelic whole that made the Grateful Dead `` the pioneering Godfathers of the jam band world '' . The band was ranked 57th by Rolling Stone magazine in its The Greatest Artists of All Time issue . The band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1994 and a recording of their May 8 , 1977 performance at Cornell University 's Barton Hall was added to the National Recording Registry of the Library of Congress in 2012 . The Grateful Dead have sold more than 35 million albums worldwide . The Grateful Dead was founded in the San Francisco Bay Area amid the rise of the counterculture of the 1960s . The founding members were Jerry Garcia -LRB- lead guitar , vocals -RRB- , Bob Weir -LRB- rhythm guitar , vocals -RRB- , Ron `` Pigpen '' McKernan -LRB- keyboards , harmonica , vocals -RRB- , Phil Lesh -LRB- bass , vocals -RRB- , and Bill Kreutzmann -LRB- drums -RRB- . Members of the Grateful Dead had played together in various San Francisco bands , including Mother McCree 's Uptown Jug Champions and the Warlocks . Lesh was the last member to join the Warlocks before they became the Grateful Dead ; he replaced Dana Morgan Jr. , who had played bass for a few gigs . Drummer Mickey Hart and nonperforming lyricist Robert Hunter joined in 1967 . With the exception of McKernan , who died in 1973 , and Hart , who took time off from 1971 to 1974 , the core of the band stayed together for its entire 30-year history . The other official members of the band are Tom Constanten -LRB- keyboards ; 1968 -- 1970 -RRB- , John Perry Barlow -LRB- nonperforming lyricist ; 1971 -- 1995 -RRB- , Keith Godchaux -LRB- keyboards ; 1971 -- 1979 -RRB- , Donna Godchaux -LRB- vocals ; 1972 -- 1979 -RRB- , Brent Mydland -LRB- keyboards , vocals ; 1979 -- 1990 -RRB- , and Vince Welnick -LRB- keyboards , vocals ; 1990 -- 1995 -RRB- . Pianist Bruce Hornsby was a touring member from 1990 to 1992 , as well as guesting with the band on occasion before and after the tours . After the death of Jerry Garcia in 1995 , former members of the band , along with other musicians , toured as the Other Ones in 1998 , 2000 , and 2002 , and the Dead in 2003 , 2004 , and 2009 . In 2015 , the four surviving core members marked the band 's 50th anniversary in a series of concerts that were billed as their last performances together . There have also been several spin-offs featuring one or more core members , such as Dead & Company , Furthur , the Rhythm Devils , Phil Lesh & Friends , RatDog , and Billy & the Kids . ", "Tom Constanten -LRB- born March 19 , 1944 , Long Branch , New Jersey , United States -RRB- is an American keyboardist , best known for playing with Grateful Dead from 1968 to 1970 . ", "Frank Watkins -LRB- February 19 , 1968 -- October 18 , 2015 -RRB- was an American heavy metal musician best known as a former , long-time bass player for the death metal band Obituary . From late 2007 until his death , he had been the bass player of the Norwegian black metal band Gorgoroth . ", "Backstage Pass is a music documentary video by the Grateful Dead . It was directed by Justin Kreutzmann , the son of Grateful Dead drummer Bill Kreutzmann , and produced by Gillian Grisman , the daughter of musician David Grisman . It was released in 1992 , and is 35 minutes long . ", "Live at Hampton Coliseum is an album by the rock band the Grateful Dead . It was recorded on May 4 , 1979 , at the Hampton Coliseum in Hampton , Virginia . Produced as a two-disc vinyl LP , in a limited edition of 7,900 numbered copies , it was released on April 19 , 2014 , in conjunction with Record Store Day . The May 4 , 1979 concert was the band 's first show at Hampton Coliseum , and their third with then-new keyboardist Brent Mydland . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Prague", "Prague_Castle", "List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Germany", "Jinonice", "National_Technical_Museum_-LRB-Prague-RRB-" ]

[ "Prague -LRB- -LSB- ˈprɑːɡ -RSB- Praha , -LSB- ˈpraɦa -RSB- , Prag -RRB- is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic . It is the 14th largest city in the European Union . It is also the historical capital of Bohemia . Situated in the north-west of the country on the Vltava river , the city is home to about 1.26 million people , while its larger urban zone is estimated to have a population of nearly 2 million . The city has a temperate climate , with warm summers and chilly winters . Prague has been a political , cultural , and economic centre of central Europe with waxing and waning fortunes during its history . Founded during the Romanesque and flourishing by the Gothic , Renaissance and Baroque eras , Prague was the capital of the kingdom of Bohemia and the main residence of several Holy Roman Emperors , most notably of Charles IV -LRB- r. 1346 -- 1378 -RRB- . It was an important city to the Habsburg Monarchy and its Austro-Hungarian Empire . The city played major roles in the Bohemian and Protestant Reformation , the Thirty Years ' War , and in 20th-century history as the capital of Czechoslovakia , during both World Wars and the post-war Communist era . Prague is home to a number of famous cultural attractions , many of which survived the violence and destruction of 20th-century Europe . Main attractions include the Prague Castle , the Charles Bridge , Old Town Square with the Prague astronomical clock , the Jewish Quarter , Petřín hill and Vyšehrad . Since 1992 , the extensive historic centre of Prague has been included in the UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites . The city has more than ten major museums , along with numerous theatres , galleries , cinemas , and other historical exhibits . An extensive modern public transportation system connects the city . Also , it is home to a wide range of public and private schools , including Charles University in Prague , the oldest university in Central Europe . Prague is classified as an `` Alpha - '' global city according to GaWC studies . Prague ranked sixth in the Tripadvisor world list of best destinations in 2016 . Its rich history makes it a popular tourist destination , and the city receives more than 6.4 million international visitors annually , . Prague is the fifth most visited European city after London , Paris , Istanbul and Rome . ", "Prague Castle -LRB- -LSB- cz : Pražský hrad , Pražský hrad -RSB- -RRB- is a castle complex in Prague , Czech Republic , dating from the 9th century . It is the official residence of the President of the Czech Republic . The castle was a seat of power for kings of Bohemia , Holy Roman emperors , and presidents of Czechoslovakia . The Bohemian Crown Jewels are kept within a hidden room inside it . According to the Guinness Book of Records , Prague Castle is the largest ancient castle in the world , occupying an area of almost 70000 m2 , at about 570 m in length and an average of about 130 m wide . The castle is among the most visited tourist attractions in Prague attracting over 1.8 million visitors annually . ", "There are 41 official UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Germany , 38 cultural and 3 natural , with one additional previous site struck from the list . In addition , there are 17 German entries in the Memory of the World Programme . Germany ratified the World Heritage Convention on 23 August 1976 . ", "Jinonice is a district of Prague , mostly part of Prague 5 , but a small area is part of Prague 13 . It is located on the north edge of Prokopské údolí national park . Jinonice has been a part of Prague city since 1922 . In 1872 the Smíchov -- Hostivice railway line was built . The area is also served by Jinonice metro station on line B of the Prague Metro ", "The National Technical Museum -LRB- Národní technické muzeum -RRB- -LRB- NTM -RRB- in Prague is the largest institution dedicated to preserving information and artifacts related to the history of technology in the Czech Republic . The museum was founded in 1908 and has been in its current location -LRB- adjacent to Letná Park -RRB- since 1941 . Among the forerunners of the NTM , we can rank the collecting activities of the professional engineering school -LRB- founded in 1717 in Prague -RRB- , continued by the polytechnical institute -LRB- founded in 1806 -RRB- and finally the opening of the Czech industrial museum , founded by Vojtěch Náprstek in 1874 . Parts of his collections were even transferred to today 's NTM later in the 20th century . The museum has large exhibits representing approximately 15 % of its total collection . The museum also manages substantial archives consisting of approximately 3,500 linear shelf meters of archival material and about 250,000 books . In 2001 the museum opened a Railroad Museum that contains about 100 railway vehicles . The 2002 European floods caused damage to some 200 cubic metres of documents at the museum - in a location separate to the main building . Work involved in drying and restoring the materials is expected to continue until 2013 . The National Technical Museum was closed in September 2006 for extensive renovations . The reopening was scheduled for February 2008 , but eventually took place in February 2011 . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "Cary_Elwes", "Lucius_Cary,_2nd_Viscount_Falkland", "The_Bishop's_Wife", "Wilde_Oscar", "Charles_Eldridge" ]

[ "Ivan Simon Cary Elwes -LRB- -LSB- ˈɛlwɪs -RSB- born 26 October 1962 -RRB- , known professionally as Cary Elwes , is an English actor and writer . He is best known for his roles in films such as The Princess Bride , Glory , Robin Hood : Men in Tights , Days of Thunder , Bram Stoker 's Dracula , Hot Shots ! , Twister , The Jungle Book , Liar , Liar , and Saw . He has also had recurring roles in series such as The X-Files and Psych , and currently stars in the Crackle series The Art of More . ", "Lucius Cary , 2nd Viscount Falkland -LRB- c. 1610 -- 20 September 1643 -RRB- was an English author and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1640 to 1642 . He fought on the Royalist side in the English Civil War and was killed in action at the First Battle of Newbury . ", "The Bishop 's Wife , also known as Cary and the Bishop 's Wife , is a Samuel Goldwyn romantic comedy feature film from 1947 , starring Cary Grant , Loretta Young , and David Niven in a story about an angel who helps a bishop with his problems . The film was adapted by Leonardo Bercovici and Robert E. Sherwood from the 1928 novel of the same name by Robert Nathan , and was directed by Henry Koster . It was remade in 1996 as The Preacher 's Wife starring Denzel Washington , Whitney Houston , and Courtney B. Vance . ", "Wilde Oscar -LRB- born April 8 , 1967 in Burnham , Buckinghamshire , England -RRB- is an English retired pornographic film actor , and he is noted for being married to , and frequently performing with the English pornographic film actress Nici Sterling . ", "Charles Eldridge -LRB- September 25 , 1854 -- October 29 , 1922 -RRB- was an American stage and screen actor of the late 19th and early 20th centuries . In the film industry he appeared in over 100 films , although the majority of those were film shorts . He began on the stage during the 1870s , and appeared in at least one Broadway play , Charles Frohman 's 1899 production of Because She Loved Him So . His first appearance in film was in a 1910 short , The Legacy , in which he starred . His first appearance in a feature film was in The Strange Story of Sylvia Gray . In addition to the over 100 shorts he was in , Eldridge appeared in 27 feature films between 1914 and 1922 . In his roles in full-length films , he would usually appear in a supporting role , although occasionally be given a lead , as in 1917 's Polly of the Circus , 1920 's Broken Hearts , and 1922 's Ashamed of Parents . Polly of the Circus was notable for being the first film released by Goldwyn Pictures , which was shot in Fort Lee , New Jersey , mostly at rented space at the studios owned by Universal Studios . His final screen appearance would be in a supporting role in the 1922 film , No Trespassing , which starred Irene Castle of the famous dancing team , Vernon and Irene Castle . No Trespassing was released on June 11 , 1922 , and Eldridge would die soon after , on October 29 , 1922 in New York City . " ]

[ 2, 0, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Alex_Jones_-LRB-radio_host-RRB-", "The_Game_-LRB-Jones_novel-RRB-", "Matt_Jones_-LRB-rugby_union-RRB-", "Bill_Jones", "Angus_T._Jones" ]

[ "Alexander Emerick Jones -LRB- born February 11 , 1974 -RRB- is an American far-right radio show host , filmmaker , writer , and conspiracy theorist . He hosts The Alex Jones Show from Austin , Texas , which airs on the Genesis Communications Network and shortwave radio station WWCR across the United States and online . His website , InfoWars.com , has been labeled as a fake news website . Jones has been the center of many controversies , including his statements in the wake of the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting , about it being staged , adding support to Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting conspiracy theories , and as an argument against gun control . He has accused the U.S. government of being involved in the Oklahoma City bombing , the September 11 attacks and the filming of fake Moon landings to hide NASA 's secret technology . He says that government and big business have colluded to create a New World Order through `` manufactured economic crises , sophisticated surveillance tech and -- above all -- inside-job terror attacks that fuel exploitable hysteria '' . Jones has described himself as a libertarian and paleoconservative , and has been described by others as conservative , right-wing , alt-right , and a pro-Russia propagandist . New York magazine described Jones as `` America 's leading conspiracy theorist '' , and the Southern Poverty Law Center describes him as `` the most prolific conspiracy theorist in contemporary America '' . When asked about these labels , Jones said that he is `` proud to be listed as a thought criminal against Big Brother '' . ", "The Game is a children 's fantasy novel written by Diana Wynne Jones . It explores a young girl 's life and her relation to the `` Mythosphere . '' This book pulls heavily from Greek and even some Russian mythology . ", "Matthew Jones -LRB- born 4 April 1984 -RRB- is a Welsh international rugby union player . A fly-half , he played for the Ospreys and the Wales Under-21 team , figuring in the Grand Slam winning side . In 2005 he was part of the senior Wales squad summer tour of North America and attained his first full cap against Canada . On 23 April 2013 Bristol Confirmed that Matthew Jones as well as others players would be released at the end of the 2012/13 season . Jones suffered a knee injury in August 2006 . After a brief spell at Moseley he moved to London Welsh . He joined Worcester Warriors in July 2008 . In May 2010 Jones joined Newport Gwent Dragons . In January 2012 Jones joined Bristol , and as of 2013 he plays for Coventry R.F.C. . ", "Bill Jones may refer to : ", "Angus Turner Jones -LRB- born October 8 , 1993 -RRB- is an American actor . Jones is best known for playing Jake Harper in the CBS sitcom Two and a Half Men , for which he had won two Young Artist and a TV Land Award during his 10-year tenure as one of the show 's main characters . " ]

[ 2, 0, 2, 0, 1 ]

[ "Jack_Dylan_Grazer", "Katherine_Kessey", "Kyle_MacLachlan", "Ewald_Wurzinger", "List_of_Mom_episodes" ]

[ "Jack Dylan Grazer -LRB- born September 3 , 2003 -RRB- is an American child actor and was born in Los Angeles , California to parents Angela Lafever and Gavin Grazer . His role as Eddie Kaspbrak in Stephen King 's feature film It marks Grazer 's first studio picture . ", "Katherine Glyn Kessey -LRB- born 28 January 1946 -RRB- is an Australian actress . She is the wife of British actor Bill Treacher . Their son Jamie Treacher is also an actor . She was born in Perth , Western Australia , with her father , Gwilym Kessey , having played cricket for Western Australia . She made her television debut in 1966 as a twin daughter in Nelson : A Study in Miniature with her twin sister , Karen Kessey , playing the other twin daughter . They also appeared in the Australian TV play All Fall Down . ", "Kyle Merritt MacLachlan -LRB- -LSB- məˈglɒklən -RSB- born February 22 , 1959 -RRB- is an American actor . MacLachlan is best known for his role as Dale Cooper in Twin Peaks -LRB- 1990 -- 1991 ; 2017 -RRB- and its subsequent film continuation Twin Peaks : Fire Walk with Me -LRB- 1992 -RRB- , as well as in cult films such as two of David Lynch 's films : Paul Atreides in Dune -LRB- 1984 -RRB- and Jeffrey Beaumont in Blue Velvet -LRB- 1986 -RRB- . MacLachlan 's other film roles include Lloyd Gallagher in the science fiction action film The Hidden -LRB- 1987 -RRB- , Ray Manzarek in The Doors -LRB- 1991 -RRB- , Clifford Vandercave in The Flintstones -LRB- 1994 -RRB- , and the voice of Riley 's dad in Inside Out -LRB- 2015 -RRB- . He has also had prominent roles in television shows including appearing as Trey MacDougal in Sex and the City -LRB- 2000 -- 2002 -RRB- , Orson Hodge in Desperate Housewives -LRB- 2006 -- 2012 -RRB- , The Captain in How I Met Your Mother -LRB- 2010 -- 14 -RRB- , the Mayor of Portland in Portlandia -LRB- 2011 -- 2017 -RRB- , and Calvin Zabo in Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. -LRB- 2014 -- 2015 -RRB- . MacLachlan has won a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor -- Television Series Drama and has been nominated for two Emmy Awards , all for Twin Peaks . ", "Ewald Wurzinger , MA -LRB- born February , 12th 1987 in Graz -RRB- is an Austrian radio journalist and reporter for Radio Vienna the national public broadcaster ORF . He is known for raising a memorial on Diana , Princess of Wales . ", "Mom is an American sitcom that premiered on September 23 , 2013 , on CBS . The series was created by Chuck Lorre , Eddie Gorodetsky and Gemma Baker . It follows Christy Plunkett -LRB- Anna Faris -RRB- , a single mother who -- after dealing with her battle with alcoholism and drug addiction -- decides to restart her life in Sonoma , California 's wine country working as a waitress at the restaurant Rustic Fig and attending Alcoholics Anonymous meetings . Her mother Bonnie Plunkett -LRB- Allison Janney -RRB- is also a recovering drug and alcohol addict , as well as her 17-year-old daughter Violet -LRB- Sadie Calvano -RRB- , who was born when Christy was 16 , has become pregnant by her boyfriend Luke -LRB- Spencer Daniels -RRB- . Christy also has a younger son Roscoe -LRB- Blake Garrett Rosenthal -RRB- by her ex-husband Baxter -LRB- Matt L. Jones -RRB- , a deadbeat drug addict . Other prominent characters in the series include the manager of Rustic Fig , Gabriel -LRB- Nate Corddry -RRB- , the head chef , Rudy -LRB- French Stewart -RRB- , Bonnie 's wheelchair boyfriend , Adam -LRB- William Fichtner -RRB- and the co-Alcoholics Anonymous members : the wise Marjorie -LRB- Mimi Kennedy -RRB- , the wealthy and sometimes misguided Jill -LRB- Jaime Pressly -RRB- and the overly emotional Wendy -LRB- Beth Hall -RRB- . With the exception of the Pilot , episode titles contain two odd topics -LRB- often unrelated -RRB- that are mentioned in that episode 's dialogue . On March 25 , 2016 , the series was renewed for a fourth season , which premiered on October 27 , 2016 . On March 23 , 2017 , CBS renewed the series for a fifth season . " ]

[ 0, 0, 1, 0, 1 ]

[ "Nero", "André_Néron", "Clateus", "Julio-Claudian_dynasty", "Year_of_the_Four_Emperors" ]

[ "Nero -LRB- -LSB- ˈnɪəroʊ -RSB- Latin : Nerō Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus ; 15 December 37 AD -- 9 June 68 AD -RRB- was Roman Emperor from 54 to 68 AD , and the last in the Julio-Claudian dynasty . Nero was adopted by his great-uncle Claudius to become his heir and successor , and like him , became emperor with the consent of the praetorian guard . Nero 's mother , Agrippina the Younger , was implicated in Claudius ' death and Nero 's nomination as emperor . She dominated Nero 's early life and decisions until he cast her off ; five years into his reign , he had her murdered . His reign began well . At first he was content to be guided by his mother , his tutor Lucius Annaeus Seneca and his Praetorian Prefect , Sextus Afranius Burrus . As time passed , he played a more active and independent role in government and foreign policy . During his reign , the redoubtable general Corbulo conducted a successful war and negotiated peace with the Parthian Empire . His general Suetonius Paulinus crushed a major revolt in Britain . The Bosporan Kingdom was briefly annexed to the empire , and the First Jewish -- Roman War began . Nero focused much of his attention on diplomacy , trade and the cultural life of the empire , ordering theatres built and promoting athletic games . He made public appearances as a poet , musician and charioteer ; in the eyes of traditionalists , this undermined the dignity and authority of his person , status and office . His extravagant , empire-wide program of public and private works was funded by a rise in taxes , much resented by the middle and upper classes . Various plots against his life were revealed , and their ringleaders were executed ; most were Nero 's own courtiers . In 68 , the governor Vindex in Gaul rebelled , with the support of Galba , Governor of Hispania Tarraconensis . Vindex 's revolt failed in its immediate aim but Rome 's discontented civil and military authorities declared for Galba , and chose him as emperor . Nero fled Rome . He committed suicide on June 9 , 68 AD when told that he had been tried in absentia and condemned to death as a public enemy -LRB- The first Roman Emperor to do so -RRB- . His death ended the Julio-Claudian dynasty , sparking a brief period of civil wars known as the Year of the Four Emperors . Nero 's rule is usually associated with tyranny and extravagance ; his more infamous executions include that of his mother . Most Roman sources , such as Suetonius and Cassius Dio , offer overwhelmingly negative assessments of his personality and reign ; Tacitus claims that the Roman people thought him compulsive and corrupt . Many Romans believed that the great Roman fire of 64 was instigated by Nero to clear the way for his planned palatial complex , the Domus Aurea . He was said to have seized Christians as scapegoats for the fire and burned them alive , seemingly motivated not by public justice but by personal cruelty . Some modern historians question the reliability of the ancient sources on Nero 's tyrannical acts . A few sources paint Nero in a more favourable light . There is evidence of his popularity among the Roman commoners , especially in the eastern provinces of the Empire , where a popular legend arose that Nero had not died and would return . At least three leaders of short-lived , failed rebellions presented themselves as `` Nero reborn '' , to enlist popular support . ", "André Néron -LRB- November 30 , 1922 , La Clayette , France -- April 6 , 1985 , Paris , France -RRB- was a French mathematician at the Université de Poitiers who worked on elliptic curves and Abelian varieties . He discovered the Néron minimal model of an elliptic curve or abelian variety , the Néron differential , the Néron -- Severi group , the Néron -- Ogg -- Shafarevich criterion , the local height and Néron -- Tate height of rational points on an Abelian variety over a discrete valuation ring or Dedekind domain , and classified the possible fibers of an elliptic fibration . He was a student of Albert Châtelet , and his PhD students were Jean-Louis Colliot-Thélène and Gérard Ligozat . He gave invited talks at the International Congress of Mathematicians in 1954 and 1966 . In 1983 the Académie des sciences awarded him the Émile Picard Medal . He died of cancer in 1985 . ", "Saint Clateus -LRB- died 64 AD -RRB- was an early Christian martyr . He was an early bishop of the Roman Catholic Church in Brescia , Italy and was martyred during the persecutions of Christians by Nero . ", "The term Julio-Claudian dynasty refers to the first five Roman emperors -- Augustus , Tiberius , Caligula , Claudius , and Nero -- or the family to which they belonged . They ruled the Roman Empire from its formation under Augustus in the second half of the 1st century -LRB- 44/31/27 -RRB- BC , until AD 68 when the last of the line , Nero , committed suicide . Primogeniture is notably absent in the history of the Julio-Claudian dynasty . Neither Augustus , Caligula or Nero fathered a natural and legitimate son ; Tiberius ' own son , Drusus , predeceased him ; only Claudius was outlived by his son , Britannicus , although he opted to promote his adopted son , Nero , as his successor to the throne . Adoption ultimately became a tool that most Julio-Claudian emperors utilized in order to promote their chosen heir to the front of the succession . Augustus , himself an adopted son of his great-uncle , the Roman dictator Julius Caesar , adopted his stepson and son-in-law Tiberius as his son and heir . Tiberius was , in turn , required to adopt his nephew Germanicus , the father of Caligula . Caligula adopted his cousin and Tiberius ' grandson Tiberius Gemellus shortly before executing him ; Claudius adopted his great nephew and stepson Nero , who , lacking a natural or adopted son of his own , ended the reign of the Julio-Claudian dynasty with his fall from power and subsequent suicide . The ancient historians who dealt with this period -- chiefly Suetonius -LRB- c. 69 -- after 122 AD -RRB- and Tacitus -LRB- c. 56 -- after 117 AD -RRB- -- write in generally negative terms about their reign . Tacitus wrote of the historiography of the Julio-Claudian emperors : But the successes and reverses of the old Roman people have been recorded by famous historians ; and fine intellects were not wanting to describe the times of Augustus , till growing sycophancy scared them away . The histories of Tiberius , Caius , Claudius , and Nero , while they were in power , were falsified through terror , and after their death were written under the irritation of a recent hatred . ", "The Year of the Four Emperors was a year in the history of the Roman Empire , AD 69 , in which four emperors ruled in succession : Galba , Otho , Vitellius , and Vespasian . The suicide of the emperor Nero in 68 was followed by a brief period of civil war , the first Roman civil war since Mark Antony 's death in 30 BC . Between June of 68 and December of 69 Galba , Otho , and Vitellius successively rose and fell before the July 69 accession of Vespasian , who founded Flavian dynasty . The social , military and political upheavals of the period had Empire-wide repercussions , which included the outbreak of the Revolt of the Batavi . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 2, 0 ]

[ "Phoenix,_Arizona", "Phoenix_metropolitan_area", "Tempe,_Arizona", "Massachusetts", "Providence,_Rhode_Island" ]

[ "Phoenix -LRB- -LSB- ˈfiːnᵻks -RSB- -RRB- is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Arizona . With 1,615,017 people , Phoenix is the fifth most populous city nationwide , the most populous state capital in the United States , and the only state capital with a population of more than one million residents . Phoenix is the anchor of the Phoenix metropolitan area , also known as the Valley of the Sun , which in turn is a part of the Salt River Valley . The metropolitan area is the 12th largest by population in the United States , with approximately 4.3 million people . In addition , Phoenix is the seat of Maricopa County and , at 517.9 square miles -LRB- 1,341 km2 -RRB- , it is the largest city in the state , more than twice the size of Tucson and one of the largest cities in the United States . Settled in 1867 as an agricultural community near the confluence of the Salt and Gila Rivers , Phoenix incorporated as a city in 1881 . Located in the northeastern reaches of the Sonoran Desert , Phoenix has a subtropical desert climate . Despite this , its canal system led to a thriving farming community , many of the original crops remaining important parts of the Phoenix economy for decades , such as alfalfa , cotton , citrus , and hay -LRB- which was important for the cattle industry -RRB- . In fact , the `` Five C 's '' -LRB- Cotton , Cattle , Citrus , Climate , and Copper -RRB- , remained the driving forces of Phoenix 's economy until after World War II , when high-tech industries began to move into the valley and air conditioning made residences much more comfortable in the very hot summers . The city averaged a four percent annual population growth rate over a 40-year period from the mid-1960s to the mid-2000s . This growth rate slowed during the Great Recession of 2007 -- 09 , and has rebounded slowly . Phoenix is the cultural center of the Valley of the Sun , as well as the entire state . ", "The Phoenix Metropolitan Area -- often referred to as the Valley of the Sun , the Salt River Valley or Metro Phoenix -- is a metropolitan area , centered on the city of Phoenix , that includes much of the central part of the U.S. State of Arizona . The United States Census Bureau designates the area as the Phoenix-Mesa-Chandler Metropolitan Statistical Area -LRB- MSA -RRB- , defining it as Maricopa and Pinal counties . As of the Census Bureau 's 2015 population estimates , the Valley had 4,574,351 residents , making it the 12th largest Metropolitan Area in the nation by population . The gross domestic product of the Phoenix Metropolitan Area was $ 215 billion in 2014 , 15th largest amongst metro areas in the United States . It is also one of the fastest growing major metropolitan areas , gaining nearly 400,000 residents from 2010 to 2015 , and more than 1.3 million since 2000 . The population of the Phoenix Metropolitan Area increased by 45.3 % from 1990 through 2000 , compared to the average United States rate of 13.2 % , helping to make Arizona the second fastest growing state in the nation in the 1990s -LRB- the fastest was Nevada -RRB- . The 2000 Census reported the population of the metropolitan area to be 3,251,876 . As for the 2010 Census , the two-county metropolitan area was reported to have a population of 4,192,887 . Metro Phoenix grew by 941,011 people from April 2000 to April 2010 , making it one of the fastest growing metro areas in the country . This also contributed to the entire state 's exceptional growth , as the area is home to just over two-thirds of Arizona 's population . ", "Tempe -LRB- -LSB- tɛmˈpiː -RSB- ; Oidbaḍ in Pima -RRB- , also known as Hayden 's Ferry during the territorial times of Arizona , is a city in Maricopa County , Arizona , United States , with the Census Bureau reporting a 2010 population of 161,719 . The city is named after the Vale of Tempe in Greece . Tempe is located in the East Valley section of metropolitan Phoenix ; it is bordered by Phoenix and Guadalupe on the west , Scottsdale on the north , Chandler on the south , and Mesa on the east . Tempe is also the location of Arizona State University . ", "Massachusetts -LSB- mæsəˈtʃuːsᵻts -RSB- or -LSB- ˌmæsəˈtʃuːzᵻts -RSB- ; officially the Commonwealth of Massachusetts , is the most populous state in the New England region of the northeastern United States . It is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the east , the states of Connecticut and Rhode Island to the south , New Hampshire and Vermont to the north , and New York to the west . The state is named for the Massachusett tribe , which once inhabited the area . The capital of Massachusetts and the most populous city in New England is Boston . Over 80 % of Massachusetts ' population lives in the Greater Boston metropolitan area , a region influential upon American history , academia , and industry . Originally dependent on agriculture , fishing and trade , Massachusetts was transformed into a manufacturing center during the Industrial Revolution . During the 20th century , Massachusetts ' economy shifted from manufacturing to services . Modern Massachusetts is a global leader in biotechnology , engineering , higher education , finance , and maritime trade . Plymouth was the site of the first colony in New England , founded in 1620 by the Pilgrims , passengers of the Mayflower . In 1692 , the town of Salem and surrounding areas experienced one of America 's most infamous cases of mass hysteria , the Salem witch trials . In 1777 , General Henry Knox founded the Springfield Armory , which during the Industrial Revolution catalyzed numerous important technological advances , including interchangeable parts . In 1786 , Shays ' Rebellion , a populist revolt led by disaffected American Revolutionary War veterans , influenced the United States Constitutional Convention . In the 18th century , the Protestant First Great Awakening , which swept the Atlantic World , originated from the pulpit of Northampton preacher Jonathan Edwards . In the late 18th century , Boston became known as the `` Cradle of Liberty '' for the agitation there that led to the American Revolution . The entire Commonwealth of Massachusetts has played a powerful commercial and cultural role in the history of the United States . Before the American Civil War , Massachusetts was a center for the abolitionist , temperance , and transcendentalist movements . In the late 19th century , the sports of basketball and volleyball were invented in the western Massachusetts cities of Springfield and Holyoke , respectively . In 2004 , Massachusetts became the first U.S. state to legally recognize same-sex marriage as a result of the decision in Goodridge v. Department of Public Health by the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court . Many prominent American political dynasties have hailed from the state , including the Adams and Kennedy families . Harvard University in Cambridge is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States , with the largest financial endowment of any university , and Harvard Law School has educated a contemporaneous majority of Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States . Kendall Square in Cambridge has been called `` the most innovative square mile on the planet '' , in reference to the high concentration of entrepreneurial start-ups and quality of innovation which have emerged in the vicinity of the square since 2010 . Both Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology , also in Cambridge , have been ranked among the most highly regarded academic institutions in the world . Massachusetts ' public school students place among the top nations in the world in academic performance . ", "Providence is the capital of and most populous city in the U.S. state of Rhode Island , founded in 1636 , and one of the oldest cities in the United States . It is located in Providence County and is the third most populous city in New England , after Boston and Worcester . Providence has a city population of 179,154 ; it is also part of the Providence metropolitan area which extends into southern Massachusetts . The Providence metropolitan area has an estimated population of 1,604,291 , which exceeds that of Rhode Island as a whole by about 60 % . This can be considered , in turn , to be part of the Greater Boston commuting area , which contains 7.6 million people . Providence was founded by Roger Williams , a religious exile from the Massachusetts Bay Colony . He named the area in honor of `` God 's merciful Providence '' , which he believed was responsible for revealing such a haven for him and his followers to settle . The city is situated at the mouth of the Providence River at the head of Narragansett Bay . Providence was one of the first cities in the country to industrialize and became noted for its textile manufacturing and subsequent machine tool , jewelry , and silverware industries . Today , the city of Providence is home to eight hospitals and seven institutions of higher learning which have shifted the city 's economy into service industries , though it still retains some manufacturing activity . The city was once nicknamed the `` Beehive of Industry '' ; it began rebranding itself as the `` Creative Capital '' in 2009 to emphasize its educational resources and arts community . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Year_of_the_Four_Emperors", "Nero", "Tacitus_on_Christ", "Peruvian_civil_war_of_1867", "The_Disruption_of_American_Democracy" ]

[ "The Year of the Four Emperors was a year in the history of the Roman Empire , AD 69 , in which four emperors ruled in succession : Galba , Otho , Vitellius , and Vespasian . The suicide of the emperor Nero in 68 was followed by a brief period of civil war , the first Roman civil war since Mark Antony 's death in 30 BC . Between June of 68 and December of 69 Galba , Otho , and Vitellius successively rose and fell before the July 69 accession of Vespasian , who founded Flavian dynasty . The social , military and political upheavals of the period had Empire-wide repercussions , which included the outbreak of the Revolt of the Batavi . ", "Nero -LRB- -LSB- ˈnɪəroʊ -RSB- Latin : Nerō Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus ; 15 December 37 AD -- 9 June 68 AD -RRB- was Roman Emperor from 54 to 68 AD , and the last in the Julio-Claudian dynasty . Nero was adopted by his great-uncle Claudius to become his heir and successor , and like him , became emperor with the consent of the praetorian guard . Nero 's mother , Agrippina the Younger , was implicated in Claudius ' death and Nero 's nomination as emperor . She dominated Nero 's early life and decisions until he cast her off ; five years into his reign , he had her murdered . His reign began well . At first he was content to be guided by his mother , his tutor Lucius Annaeus Seneca and his Praetorian Prefect , Sextus Afranius Burrus . As time passed , he played a more active and independent role in government and foreign policy . During his reign , the redoubtable general Corbulo conducted a successful war and negotiated peace with the Parthian Empire . His general Suetonius Paulinus crushed a major revolt in Britain . The Bosporan Kingdom was briefly annexed to the empire , and the First Jewish -- Roman War began . Nero focused much of his attention on diplomacy , trade and the cultural life of the empire , ordering theatres built and promoting athletic games . He made public appearances as a poet , musician and charioteer ; in the eyes of traditionalists , this undermined the dignity and authority of his person , status and office . His extravagant , empire-wide program of public and private works was funded by a rise in taxes , much resented by the middle and upper classes . Various plots against his life were revealed , and their ringleaders were executed ; most were Nero 's own courtiers . In 68 , the governor Vindex in Gaul rebelled , with the support of Galba , Governor of Hispania Tarraconensis . Vindex 's revolt failed in its immediate aim but Rome 's discontented civil and military authorities declared for Galba , and chose him as emperor . Nero fled Rome . He committed suicide on June 9 , 68 AD when told that he had been tried in absentia and condemned to death as a public enemy -LRB- The first Roman Emperor to do so -RRB- . His death ended the Julio-Claudian dynasty , sparking a brief period of civil wars known as the Year of the Four Emperors . Nero 's rule is usually associated with tyranny and extravagance ; his more infamous executions include that of his mother . Most Roman sources , such as Suetonius and Cassius Dio , offer overwhelmingly negative assessments of his personality and reign ; Tacitus claims that the Roman people thought him compulsive and corrupt . Many Romans believed that the great Roman fire of 64 was instigated by Nero to clear the way for his planned palatial complex , the Domus Aurea . He was said to have seized Christians as scapegoats for the fire and burned them alive , seemingly motivated not by public justice but by personal cruelty . Some modern historians question the reliability of the ancient sources on Nero 's tyrannical acts . A few sources paint Nero in a more favourable light . There is evidence of his popularity among the Roman commoners , especially in the eastern provinces of the Empire , where a popular legend arose that Nero had not died and would return . At least three leaders of short-lived , failed rebellions presented themselves as `` Nero reborn '' , to enlist popular support . ", "The Roman historian and senator Tacitus referred to Christ , his execution by Pontius Pilate , and the existence of early Christians in Rome in one page of his final work , Annals -LRB- written ca . AD 116 -RRB- , book 15 , chapter 44 . The context of the passage is the six-day Great Fire of Rome that burned much of the city in AD 64 during the reign of Roman Emperor Nero . The passage is one of the earliest non-Christian references to the origins of Christianity , the execution of Christ described in the canonical gospels , and the presence and persecution of Christians in 1st-century Rome . Scholars generally consider Tacitus ' reference to the execution of Jesus by Pontius Pilate to be both authentic , and of historical value as an independent Roman source . Eddy and Boyd state that it is now `` firmly established '' that Tacitus provides a non-Christian confirmation of the crucifixion of Jesus . Historian Ronald Mellor has stated that the Annals is `` Tacitus 's crowning achievement '' which represents the `` pinnacle of Roman historical writing '' . Scholars view it as establishing three separate facts about Rome around AD 60 : -LRB- i -RRB- that there were a sizable number of Christians in Rome at the time , -LRB- ii -RRB- that it was possible to distinguish between Christians and Jews in Rome , and -LRB- iii -RRB- that at the time pagans made a connection between Christianity in Rome and its origin in Roman Judea . ", "The Peruvian Civil War of 1867 was the fifth internal conflict in 19th century Peru . It was caused the adoption of a new constitution to replace the previous one adopted in 1860 . Ignacio Prado , put in power as a result of the Peruvian civil war of 1865 , faced by a revolt by his former allies Canseco and Balta . On May 30 , 1867 , former president Ramon Castilla died while attempting to take advantage of the situation . ", "The Disruption of American Democracy is a book published by American historian Roy Franklin Nichols in 1948 , which won the 1949 Pulitzer Prize for History . In the book , Nichols argued that the American Civil War was not fundamentally the product of underlying social and economic forces . Instead , he blames the machinations of `` vote-hungry '' politicians who calibrated their appeals in a culturally diverse society , which was speedily growing , so as to encourage regional and cultural groups to pursue objectives that led to the breakdown of the Union , something that most did n't seek or foresee . online edition at archive.org " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 0, 0 ]

[ "Johnny_Van_Zant", "Van_Zant", "Ronnie_Van_Zant", "No_More_Dirty_Deals", "Skynyrd's_Innyrds" ]

[ "John Roy `` Johnny '' Van Zant -LRB- born February 27 , 1959 -RRB- is an American musician and the current lead vocalist of Southern rock band Lynyrd Skynyrd . He is the younger brother of the late Lynyrd Skynyrd co-founder and former lead vocalist Ronnie Van Zant , and of the .38 Special founder , Donnie Van Zant . Van Zant performed during the 1970s with his first band , The Austin Nickels Band . They later changed their name to The Johnny Van Zant Band releasing their debut solo album , No More Dirty Deals , in 1980 . Original members of The Johnny Van Zant Band consisted of Van Zant on lead vocals , Robbie Gay on guitar , Danny Clausman , on bass , Erik Lundgren on lead guitar , Robbie Morris , drums and Joan Hecht -LRB- previously Joan Cusumano -RRB- and Nancy Henderson on background vocals . Van Zant released three more solo albums between 1981 and 1985 , before taking a break from the music business . He became lead vocalist for the reunited Lynyrd Skynyrd in 1987 , and continues to record and perform with them today . He released another solo album , Brickyard Road , in 1990 , which featured the popular title track , which was a # 1 hit on the U.S. Mainstream Rock Tracks chart for three weeks . He also records and performs with his brother , Donnie , as Van Zant since 1998 . In May 2006 , less than one day before he was to perform at KSAN-FM 107.7 The Bone 's Bone Bash 7 , Van Zant underwent emergency surgery to have his appendix removed . Treated at Stanford University Medical Center in Palo Alto , California , after reporting pain to a doctor earlier in the day . The incident forced the band to cancel three U.S. shows . Van Zant is a fan of the Jacksonville Jaguars . He recorded a video , along with remaining members of Lynyrd Skynyrd , that is played at every Jaguars home game on the Everbank Field video board . According to Skynyrd 's website , Van Zant was again hospitalized on August 6 , 2011 at the Hennepin County Medical Center in Minneapolis , Minnesota due to complications from a previous surgery . According to the website , Van Zant had a `` surgical site '' infected with cellulitus which required both hospitalization ad IV/Antibiotic Treatment . He began displaying signs of a staph infection and other symptoms related to the infection . His subsequent illness resulted in a number of scheduled performances being cancelled . ", "Van Zant is an American musical duo composed of brothers Donnie Van Zant and Johnny Van Zant . Both are brothers of the late Ronnie Van Zant , former lead singer for the Southern rock band Lynyrd Skynyrd . Johnny became the lead vocalist for the reunited Lynyrd Skynyrd in 1987 , and Donnie was also the leader and vocalist of .38 Special . Initially a Southern rock band , Van Zant first recorded in the 1980s on Geffen Records before disbanding . Johnny and Donnie re-established Van Zant in 1998 to record two albums for CMC International , switching their focus to country music in 2005 , with two more albums on Columbia Records as a duo . The duo 's first Columbia album , Get Right with the Man , produced a Top Ten country hit in `` Help Somebody . '' ", "Ronald Wayne `` Ronnie '' Van Zant -LRB- January 15 , 1948 -- October 20 , 1977 -RRB- was an American lead vocalist , primary lyricist , and a founding member of the Southern rock band Lynyrd Skynyrd . He was the older brother of current Lynyrd Skynyrd lead vocalist Johnny Van Zant , and of the founder and vocalist of 38 Special , Donnie Van Zant . He was the father of singer Tammy Van Zant , and cousin of musician Jimmie Van Zant . ", "No More Dirty Deals is Johnny Van Zant 's début solo album . ", "Skynyrd 's Innyrds : Their Greatest Hits is the title of the 1989 Lynyrd Skynyrd greatest hits album . It was certified 5x platinum in July 2001 by the RIAA . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Maria_Anna_Thekla_Mozart", "Wolfgang_Amadeus_Mozart", "Elisabeth_Wendling", "Princess_Anna_of_Saxony_-LRB-1836–1859-RRB-", "Johann_of_Isenberg-Limburg" ]

[ "Maria Anna Thekla Mozart -LRB- September 25 , 1758 -- January 25 , 1841 -RRB- , called Marianne , known as Bäsle -LRB- `` little cousin '' -RRB- , was the cousin of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart . ", "Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart -LRB- -LSB- ˈwʊlfɡæŋ_æməˈdeɪəs_ˈmoʊtsɑrt -RSB- ; -LSB- ˈvɔlfɡaŋ amaˈdeːʊs ˈmoːtsaʁt -RSB- ; 27 January 1756 -- 5 December 1791 -RRB- , baptised as Johannes Chrysostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart , was a prolific and influential composer of the Classical era . Born in Salzburg , he showed prodigious ability from his earliest childhood . Already competent on keyboard and violin , he composed from the age of five and performed before European royalty . At 17 , Mozart was engaged as a musician at the Salzburg court , but grew restless and traveled in search of a better position . While visiting Vienna in 1781 , he was dismissed from his Salzburg position . He chose to stay in the capital , where he achieved fame but little financial security . During his final years in Vienna , he composed many of his best-known symphonies , concertos , and operas , and portions of the Requiem , which was largely unfinished at the time of his death . The circumstances of his early death have been much mythologized . He was survived by his wife Constanze and two sons . He composed more than 600 works , many acknowledged as pinnacles of symphonic , concertante , chamber , operatic , and choral music . He is among the most enduringly popular of classical composers , and his influence is profound on subsequent Western art music . Ludwig van Beethoven composed his own early works in the shadow of Mozart , and Joseph Haydn wrote : `` posterity will not see such a talent again in 100 years '' . ", "Elisabeth -LRB- `` Lisl '' -RRB- Augusta Wendling , -LRB- née Sarselli ; 20 February 1746 -LRB- baptised -RRB- -- 10 January 1786 -RRB- was a German soprano , for whom Mozart wrote the role of Electra in his opera Idomeneo , re di Creta . Wendling was born in Mannheim . There were four musicians in the original Idomeneo from the Wendling family . She usually sang with her sister-in-law Dorothea Wendling , after her début in 1762 in Sofonisba by Tommaso Traetta . Later , she occasionally sang as the prima donna , most famously as Anna in Günther von Schwarzburg -LRB- 1777 -RRB- by Ignaz Holzbauer . In a letter , Mozart says he has been introduced to her by Cannabich and that she was very good-looking , and a good musician . Wendling had been greatly praised by Mozart 's father and thus was chosen for the role of Electra . In 1785 she was engaged to sing in Alessio Prati 's Armida abbandonata , but fell ill and had to hand the role to her niece ; she never sang in public again . She died in Munich . ", "Princess Anna Maria Maximiliane Stephania Karoline Johanna Luisa Xaveria Nepomucena Aloysia Benedicta of Saxony , Duchess of Saxony -LRB- Full German name : Prinzessin Anna Maria Maximiliane Stephania Karoline Johanna Luisa Xaveria Nepomucena Aloysia Benedicta von Sachsen , Herzogin zu Sachsen -RRB- -LRB- born 4 January 1836 in Dresden , Kingdom of Saxony ; died 10 February 1859 in Naples , Kingdom of the Two Sicilies -RRB- was the seventh child and fourth eldest daughter of John of Saxony and his wife Amalie Auguste of Bavaria and a younger sister of Albert of Saxony and George of Saxony . Through her marriage to Archduke Ferdinand , Hereditary Prince of Tuscany , Anna was a member of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine and an Archduchess and Princess of Austria and Princess of Hungary , Croatia , Bohemia , and Tuscany . Ann died shortly before her husband succeeded his father as Grand Duke of Tuscany . ", "Johann of Isenberg-Limburg , count of Limburg -LRB- born before 1246 , died before 1277 -RRB- , son of Dietrich I of Isenberg . He married Agnes von Wildenberg ; they had three children : Dietrich II , count of Isenberg-Limburg -LRB- died c. 1303 -RRB- . Friedrich , a canon in Cologne -LRB- died 1321 -RRB- ; Mechtild , married Egbert von Almelo . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 0 ]

[ "Globalism", "Empty_Bowls", "Manifesto_for_a_Global_Economic_Ethic", "Mother_Earth_News", "Al_Norman" ]

[ "Globalism a group of ideologies that advocate the concept of globalization . It tends to advocate for such policies as increases in immigration , free trade , lowering tariffs , interventionism and global governance . It is typically viewed as opposite of nationalism , and has become increasingly divisive in politics in many developed countries , such as the United States . ", "`` Empty Bowls '' is an international project to fight hunger , personalized by artists and art organizations on a community level . The promotion and growth of the project is managed by The Imagine/RENDER Group , a 501 -LRB- c -RRB- 3 organization . However , each community 's events are self developed and independent . The project expands one group of concerned artists and students at a time , and events are currently held in many areas in the United States and Canada , often in conjunction with the United Nations sponsored World Food Day . `` Empty Bowls '' now supports food related charities around the world and has raised millions of dollars to aid in the fight against hunger . ", "In the declaration Manifesto for a Global Economic Ethic fundamental principles and values of a global economy are set forth , according to the Declaration toward a Global Ethic issued by the Parliament of World Religions -LRB- Chicago 1993 -RRB- . In 2009 the Manifesto for a Global Economic Ethic was presented at a joint event with the UN Global Compact at the UN headquarters in New York . First signatories include renowned international leaders such as Mary Robinson , former president of Ireland , and Archbishop emeritus Desmond Tutu , Nobel Peace Prize Laureate . ", "Mother Earth News is a bi-monthly American magazine that has a circulation of 500,520 . It is based in Topeka , Kansas . Since its founding , Mother Earth News has promoted renewable energy , recycling , family farms , saner agricultural practices , better eating habits , medical self-care , more meaningful education and affordable housing . The magazine approaches environmental problems from a down-to-earth , practical , simple living , how-to standpoint . ", "Al Norman is the founder of Sprawl-Busters , a noted anti-sprawl activism organization . He achieved national notice in 1993 during a protracted battle to prevent a Wal-Mart store from being opened in Greenfield , Massachusetts . Norman is the author of three books The Case Against Wal-Mart -LRB- 2004 -RRB- and Slam-Dunking Wal-Mart ! -LRB- 1999 -RRB- about grassroots activism fighting retail development . His most recent book is Occupy Walmart , published in May 2012 a collection of essays published on The Huffington Post . Norman has appeared on 60 Minutes , Nightline , The Osgood File , and in hundreds of local newspapers across the nation . Forbes magazine called Norman `` Wal-Mart 's # 1 enemy . '' His work has been featured in such documentaries as `` The High Cost of Low Prices '' , `` Store Wars '' , `` Wal-Mart Nation '' , and `` Talking to the Wal '' . Norman says that over the past two decades he has helped stopped more big box projects than any other person on the globe . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Pearl_-LRB-Steven_Universe-RRB-", "GibboGear_Butterfly", "Jeff_Dotson", "Pearl_Necklace_-LRB-song-RRB-", "Slayers_Gorgeous" ]

[ "Pearl is a fictional character from the 2013 animated series Steven Universe , created by Rebecca Sugar . She is a `` Gem '' , a fictional alien being that exists as a magical gemstone projecting a holographic body . She is portrayed as a loving , gentle and delicate character , who acts as a motherly figure for Steven . However , she also tends to be overprotective with him and has low self-esteem ; she is also deeply overwhelmed with the grief caused by the loss of Steven 's mother , Rose Quartz , who she was in love with . She is frequently praised for being a positive depiction of a queer character , though her strong obsession with Rose has been described as `` unhealthy '' . ", "The GibboGear Butterfly is an American single-seat , flying wing ultralight trike that was designed by Mark Gibson and produced by his company , GibboGear of Winter Haven , Florida . The aircraft was supplied as a kit for amateur construction . ", "Jeff Dotson is a visual effects artist , filmmaker and photographer from Southern California , who has worked with Enrique Iglesias , Kanye West , Pitbull , Usher , Lil Wayne , Katy Perry , Skrillex , Showtek , Borgeous , Maroon 5 , Sander Van Doorn and more . Known for his technical achievements in visual effects and winner of a MTV Video Music Award . ", "`` Pearl Necklace '' is a song by ZZ Top from their 1981 album El Loco . The song went to No. 28 on the Billboard Rock Tracks chart in 1981 . `` Pearl Necklace '' was produced by Bill Ham , and recorded and mixed by Terry Manning . ", "is a 1998 comic fantasy anime film written by Hajime Kanzaka and directed by Hiroshi Watanabe . Gorgeous is the fourth film in the Slayers saga and the final anime entry in the prequels to the main series . It received mostly favorable reviews , and was followed by the short Slayers Premium in 2001 . In the film , the wandering sorceresses-for-hire Lina Inverse and Naga the Serpent get involved in a war between Lord Calvert and his army and his rebellious teenage daughter Marlene and her legion of dragons . Lina sides with Calvert , while Naga joins Marlene 's side . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "American_Library_Association", "OCLC", "International_Size_Acceptance_Association", "International_Society_for_Comparative_Adult_Education", "National_Library_of_Sweden" ]

[ "The American Library Association -LRB- ALA -RRB- is a nonprofit organization based in the United States that promotes libraries and library education internationally . It is the oldest and largest library association in the world , with more than 62,000 members . ", "OCLC , currently incorporated as OCLC Online Computer Library Center , Incorporated , is an American nonprofit cooperative organization `` dedicated to the public purposes of furthering access to the world 's information and reducing information costs '' . It was founded in 1967 as the Ohio College Library Center . OCLC and its member libraries cooperatively produce and maintain WorldCat , the largest online public access catalog -LRB- OPAC -RRB- in the world . OCLC is funded mainly by the fees that libraries have to pay for its services -LRB- around $ 200 million annually -RRB- . ", "The International Size Acceptance Association -LRB- ISAA -RRB- is a United States based non-governmental organization -LRB- NGO -RRB- aimed at advancing fat acceptance , directed by Allen Steadham . Unlike the National Association to Advance Fat Acceptance -LRB- NAAFA -RRB- , the organisation has an international slant , and has several overseas branches , though many of its operations remain within the U.S. at present . ", "The International Society for Comparative Adult Education -LRB- or ISCAE -RRB- is a network of individuals and organizations with members in more than thirty countries . ", "The National Library of Sweden -LRB- Kungliga biblioteket , KB , meaning `` the Royal Library '' -RRB- is the national library of Sweden . As such it collects and preserves all domestic printed and audio-visual materials in Swedish , as well as content with Swedish association published abroad . Being a research library , it also has major collections of literature in other languages . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 0, 1 ]

[ "Mandy_Moore", "So_Real_-LRB-album-RRB-", "Candy_-LRB-Mandy_Moore_song-RRB-", "Mandy_McCartin", "Ramone_Moore" ]

[ "Amanda Leigh Moore -LRB- born April 10 , 1984 -RRB- is an American singer-songwriter and actress . Moore first came to prominence with her 1999 debut single , `` Candy '' , which peaked at number 41 on the Billboard Hot 100 . After signing with Epic Records , she released her debut album , So Real , in 1999 . It went on to receive a Platinum certification from the RIAA . Her 2000 single , `` I Wan na Be with You '' , became her first Top 30 song in the US , peaking at number 24 on the Hot 100 chart . As of 2009 , Moore has sold more than 10 million albums worldwide , according to Billboard . In 2012 , Moore was ranked # 96 on VH1 's list of `` 100 Greatest Women in Music '' , as well as # 63 on their Sexiest Artists of All Time List . Outside of her musical career , Moore has also branched out into acting . In 2001 , she made her film debut in the comedy Dr. Dolittle 2 , though it was only a minor voice role . Later that year , she co-starred as Lana Thomas in the comedy The Princess Diaries with Anne Hathaway . In 2002 , she made her starring debut with Shane West as Jamie Sullivan in the romantic drama A Walk to Remember , which was based on Nicholas Sparks ' novel of the same name . Moore later voiced Rapunzel in the 2010 animated feature Tangled , and reprised the role in a 2017 television series based on the film . In 2016 , she began starring as Rebecca Pearson in the NBC family comedy-drama series This Is Us for which she received a Golden Globe Award nomination . ", "So Real is the debut studio album by American pop singer Mandy Moore . The album was released on December 7 , 1999 , in the United States by Epic Records . The album 's lyrical and visual representations maintained the common theme of virginal innocence in the late 1990s teen pop revival . The album was released mainly due to the success of teen artists Britney Spears and Christina Aguilera , who released their debut albums that same year to commercial success . So Real became a moderate hit in the United States , reaching a peak of 31 on the Billboard 200 albums chart , as well as being certified Platinum by the RIAA , for shipments of over 1 million . The album spawned a Top 40 hit with `` Candy '' and went gold within three months in the RIAA , although such success was considered trivial compared to the overwhelming popularity of teen pop 's biggest stars at the time . ", "`` Candy '' is a song by American singer Mandy Moore . It served as Moore 's debut single and opening track from her 1999 debut studio album , So Real . Written and composed by Denise Rich , Dave Katz , Denny Kleiman and produced by Jive Jones , Tony Battaglia , Shaun Fisher , `` Candy '' was released on August 17 , 1999 , by Epic Records . The song stands as a classic example of a teen pop song from the late 1990s/early 2000s . Record labels began riding the wave of teen-oriented pop music , which would result in a huge phenomenon sweeping the globe , including young female singers such as Moore , Britney Spears , Jessica Simpson , and Christina Aguilera . The music video , which was directed by Chris Robinson , had a cameo by the girl group PYT . The song was part of Now That 's What I Call Music ! 4 in July 2000 and MTV 's Fantastic Females Vol . 2 in the early 2000s , though strictly on the Asian Release . Tiffany Giardina recorded a cover of this song in 2008 for her album No Average Angel , which was released in 2009 . Her version has faster tempo and was performed in upbeat pop rock and bubblegum pop style . ", "Mandy McCartin -LRB- born 10 April 1958 -RRB- is an artist based in London , a `` proud butch lesbian '' and DJ `` classic soul fanatic '' . ", "Ramone Edward Moore Jr. -LRB- born May 27 , 1989 -RRB- is an American professional basketball player for Lietkabelis Panevėžys of the Lithuanian Basketball League . He attended South Philadelphia High School , where he was coached by George Anderson . Moore led the Philadelphia Public League in scoring as a senior and earned Public League MVP honors . He enrolled at Temple as a non-scholarship student and redshirted his freshman year . As a redshirt sophomore , he was the Atlantic 10 Sixth Man of the Year . As a junior , he was an All-Atlantic 10 Second Team selection , and as a senior , he was an All-Atlantic 10 First Team selection . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 1, 2 ]

[ "Vedic_Sanskrit", "Hindu_texts", "Telugu_literature", "Hinduism", "Yoga_Sutras_of_Patanjali" ]

[ "Vedic Sanskrit is an Indo-European language , more specifically one branch of the Indo-Iranian group . It is the ancient language of the Vedas of Hinduism , texts compiled over the period of the mid-2nd to mid-1st millennium BCE . It was orally preserved , predating the advent of Brahmi script by several centuries . Vedic Sanskrit is an archaic language , whose consensus translation has been challenging . Extensive ancient literature in the Vedic Sanskrit language has survived into the modern era , and this has been a major source of information about Indo-European parent language . Quite early in the pre-historic era , Sanskrit separated from the Avestan language -LRB- an Eastern Iranian language -RRB- . The exact century of separation is unknown but this separation of Sanskrit and Avestan occurred certainly before 1800 BCE . Avestan language developed in ancient Persia , was the language of Zoroastrianism , but was a dead language in the Sasanian period . Vedic Sanskrit developed independently in ancient India , evolved into classical Sanskrit after the grammar and linguistic treatise of Pāṇini , and later into many related Indian subcontinent languages in which are found the voluminous ancient and medieval literature of Buddhism , Hinduism and Jainism . ", "Hindu texts are manuscripts and historic literature related to any of the diverse traditions within Hinduism . A few texts are shared resources across these traditions and broadly considered as Hindu scriptures . These include the Vedas and the Upanishads . Scholars hesitate in defining the term `` Hindu scripture '' given the diverse nature of Hinduism , many include Bhagavad Gita and Agamas as Hindu scriptures , while Dominic Goodall includes Bhagavata Purana and Yajnavalkya Smriti to the list of Hindu scriptures . There are two historic classifications of Hindu texts : Shruti -- that which is heard , and Smriti -- that which is remembered . The Śruti refers to the body of most authoritative , ancient religious texts , without any author , comprising the central canon of Hinduism . It includes the four Vedas including its four types of embedded texts - the Samhitas , the Brahmanas , the Aranyakas and the early Upanishads . Of the Shrutis -LRB- Vedic corpus -RRB- , the Upanishads alone are widely influential among Hindus , considered scriptures par excellence of Hinduism , and their central ideas have continued to influence its thoughts and traditions . The Smriti texts are a specific body of Hindu texts attributed to an author , as a derivative work they are considered less authoritative than Sruti in Hinduism . The Smrti literature is a vast corpus of diverse texts , and includes but is not limited to Vedāngas , the Hindu epics , the Sutras and Shastras , the texts of Hindu philosophies , the Puranas , the Kāvya or poetical literature , the Bhasyas , and numerous Nibandhas -LRB- digests -RRB- covering politics , ethics , culture , arts and society . Many ancient and medieval Hindu texts were composed in Sanskrit , many others in regional Indian languages . In modern times , most ancient texts have been translated into other Indian languages and some in Western languages . Prior to the start of the common era , the Hindu texts were composed orally , then memorized and transmitted orally , from one generation to next , for more than a millennia before they were written down into manuscripts . This verbal tradition of preserving and transmitting Hindu texts , from one generation to next , continued into the modern era . ", "Telugu literature or Telugu Pandityam is the body of works written in the Telugu language . It consists of poems , novels , short stories , dramas and puranas . Telugu literature can be traced back to the early 11th century period when Mahabharata was first translated to Telugu from Sanskrit by Nannaya . It flourished under the rule of the Vijayanagara Empire , where Telugu was one of the empire 's official languages . Telugu split from Proto-Dravidian between 1500-1000 BC . Telugu became a distinct language by the time any literary activity began to appear in the Tamil land , along with Parji , Kolami , Nayaki and Gadaba languages . Telugu is a Dravidian Language native to India . ", "Hinduism is a religion , or a way of life , found most notably in India and Nepal . Hinduism has been called the oldest religion in the world , and some practitioners and scholars refer to it as , `` the eternal law , '' or the `` eternal way , '' beyond human origins . Scholars regard Hinduism as a fusion or synthesis of various Indian cultures and traditions , with diverse roots and no founder . This `` Hindu synthesis '' started to develop between 500 BCE and 300 CE following the Vedic period -LRB- 1500 BCE to 500 BCE -RRB- . Although Hinduism contains a broad range of philosophies , it is linked by shared concepts , recognisable rituals , cosmology , shared textual resources , and pilgrimage to sacred sites . Hindu texts are classified into Shruti -LRB- `` heard '' -RRB- and Smriti -LRB- `` remembered '' -RRB- . These texts discuss theology , philosophy , mythology , Vedic yajna , Yoga , agamic rituals , and temple building , among other topics . Major scriptures include the Vedas and Upanishads , the Bhagavad Gita , and the Agamas . Sources of authority and eternal truths in its texts play an important role , but there is also a strong Hindu tradition of the questioning of this authority , to deepen the understanding of these truths and to further develop the tradition . Prominent themes in Hindu beliefs include the four Puruṣārthas , the proper goals or aims of human life , namely Dharma -LRB- ethics/duties -RRB- , Artha -LRB- prosperity/work -RRB- , Kama -LRB- desires/passions -RRB- and Moksha -LRB- liberation/freedom/salvation -RRB- ; karma -LRB- action , intent and consequences -RRB- , samsara -LRB- cycle of rebirth -RRB- , and the various Yogas -LRB- paths or practices to attain moksha -RRB- . Hindu practices include rituals such as puja -LRB- worship -RRB- and recitations , meditation , family-oriented rites of passage , annual festivals , and occasional pilgrimages . Some Hindus leave their social world and material possessions , then engage in lifelong Sannyasa -LRB- monastic practices -RRB- to achieve Moksha . Hinduism prescribes the eternal duties , such as honesty , refraining from injuring living beings -LRB- ahimsa -RRB- , patience , forbearance , self-restraint , and compassion , among others . Hinduism is the world 's third largest religion , with over one billion followers or 15 % of the global population , known as Hindus . The majority of Hindus reside in India , Nepal , Mauritius , the Caribbean , and Bali in Indonesia . ", "The Yoga Sūtras of Patañjali are 196 Indian sutras -LRB- aphorisms -RRB- . The Yoga Sutras were compiled prior to 400 CE by Sage Patanjali , taking materials about yoga from older traditions . The Yoga Sūtras of Patañjali was the most translated ancient Indian text in the medieval era , having been translated into about forty Indian languages and two non-Indian languages : Old Javanese and Arabic . The text fell into obscurity for nearly 700 years from the 12th to 19th century , and made a comeback in late 19th century due to the efforts of Swami Vivekananda , the Theosophical Society and others . It gained prominence again as a comeback classic in the 20th century . Before the 20th century , history indicates the Indian yoga scene was dominated by the Bhagavad Gita , Yoga Vasistha , texts attributed to Yajnavalkya and Hiranyagarbha , as well as literature on hatha yoga , tantric yoga and pashupata yoga rather than the Yoga Sūtras of Patañjali . In the 20th century the western practitioners of yoga elevated the Yoga Sutras to a status it never knew previously . Scholars consider the Yoga Sūtras of Patañjali formulations to be one of the foundations of classical Yoga philosophy of Hinduism . " ]

[ 0, 2, 0, 2, 0 ]

[ "The_Chaperone_-LRB-film-RRB-", "One_True_Thing", "Bad_Biology", "Chappie_-LRB-film-RRB-", "A_Very_Natural_Thing" ]

[ "The Chaperone is a 2011 American comedy film directed by Stephen Herek , and also produced by WWE Studios . It stars Triple H , Yeardley Smith , Ariel Winter , Kevin Corrigan , José Zúñiga , Kevin Rankin , Enrico Colantoni , and Israel Boussard . ", "One True Thing is a 1998 American drama film directed by Carl Franklin . It tells the story of a woman who is forced to put her life on hold in order to care for her mother who is dying of cancer . It was adapted by Karen Croner from the novel by Anna Quindlen . The novel and film are based on Anna Quindlen 's real life and her struggle of dealing with the death of her mother , Prudence Pantano Quindlen in 1972 , due to ovarian cancer . The film stars Meryl Streep , Renée Zellweger , William Hurt and Tom Everett Scott . Bette Midler sings the lead song , `` My One True Friend '' , over the end credits . The track was first released on Midler 's 1998 album Bathhouse Betty . It was shot in Morristown , NJ , Maplewood , NJ , as well as in Princeton University . ", "Bad Biology is a dark horror comedy film directed and produced by Frank Henenlotter and rapper R.A. the Rugged Man . It stars Charlee Danielson and Anthony Sneed as sexually unfulfilled people who are drawn together because of their mutated genitalia . It was released on DVD in the UK in 2009 , and in the US in 2010 . Reviews were positive . ", "Chappie -LRB- stylized as CHAPPiE -RRB- is a 2015 science fiction film directed by South African director Neill Blomkamp and written by Blomkamp and Terri Tatchell . It stars Sharlto Copley , Dev Patel , Jose Pablo Cantillo , Sigourney Weaver , Hugh Jackman , and Watkin Tudor Jones -LRB- Ninja -RRB- and Yolandi Visser of the South African zef rap-rave group Die Antwoord as metafictional versions of themselves . The film , set and shot in Johannesburg , is about an artificially intelligent law enforcement robot captured and taught by gangsters , who nickname it Chappie . Chappie premiered in New York City on March 4 , 2015 , and was released in U.S. cinemas on March 6 , 2015 . The film grossed $ 102 million worldwide against a $ 49 million budget . ", "A Very Natural Thing is a 1974 film about a gay man named David who leaves a monastery to become a public school teacher by day , while looking for true love in a gay bar by night . It was one of the first films about gay relationships intended for mainstream , commercial distribution . The original title of the film was For as Long as Possible . It was directed by Christopher Larkin and was released to lukewarm reviews in 1973 and given an R rating by the Motion Picture Association of America . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "1878_in_association_football", "Google_Search", "2007–08_FIBA_EuroCup_Group_A", "ESEA_League", "Snooker_world_rankings_2017/2018" ]

[ "The following are the association football events of the year 1878 throughout the world . ", "Google Search , commonly referred to as Google Web Search or simply Google , is a web search engine developed by Google . It is the most-used search engine on the World Wide Web , handling more than three billion searches each day . , it is the most used search engine in the US with 64.0 % market share . The order of search on Google 's search-results pages is based , in part , on a priority rank called a `` PageRank '' . Google Search provides many different options for customized search , using Boolean operators such as exclusion -LRB- '' - xx '' -RRB- , alternatives -LRB- `` xx OR yy OR zz '' -RRB- , and wildcards -LRB- `` Winston * Churchill '' returns `` Winston Churchill '' , `` Winston Spencer Churchill '' , etc. -RRB- . The same and other options can be specified in a different way on an Advanced Search page . The main purpose of Google Search is to hunt for text in publicly accessible documents offered by web servers , as opposed to other data , such as images or data contained in databases . It was originally developed by Larry Page and Sergey Brin in 1997 . Google Search provides several features beyond searching for words . These include synonyms , weather forecasts , time zones , stock quotes , maps , earthquake data , movie showtimes , airports , home listings , and sports scores . There are special features for numbers , dates , and some specific forms , including ranges , prices , temperatures , money and measurement unit conversions , calculations , package tracking , patents , area codes , and language translation . In June 2011 Google introduced `` Google Voice Search '' to search for spoken , rather than typed , words . In May 2012 Google introduced a Knowledge Graph semantic search feature in the U.S. Analysis of the frequency of search terms may indicate economic , social and health trends . Data about the frequency of use of search terms on Google can be openly inquired via Google Trends and have been shown to correlate with flu outbreaks and unemployment levels , and provide the information faster than traditional reporting methods and surveys . As of mid-2016 , Google 's search engine has begun to rely on these deep neural networks . In October 2016 , Gary Illyes , a webmaster trends analyst with Google , announced that the search engine will be making a new , primary web index dedicated for mobile , with a secondary , less up-to-date index for desktop use . The change is a response from the continued growth in mobile , and a push for web developers to adopt a mobile-friendly version of their websites . Illyes stated the change will happen in `` months '' . Competitors of Google include Baidu and Soso.com in China ; Naver.com and Daum.net in South Korea ; Yandex in Russia ; Seznam.cz in the Czech Republic ; Yahoo in Japan , Taiwan and the US , as well as Bing and DuckDuckGo . Some smaller search engines offer facilities not available with Google , e.g. not storing any private or tracking information ; one such search engine is Ixquick . ", "These are the Group A Results and Standings : ", "E-Sports Entertainment Association League -LRB- ESEA -RRB- is an esports competitive video gaming community founded by E-Sports Entertainment Association -LRB- ESEA -RRB- . It is widely known for their anti-cheat software . ESEA features a system that allows players of all levels to play matches with others . ", "Snooker world rankings 2017/2018 : The professional world rankings for all the professional snooker players , who qualified for the 2017/2018 season , are listed below . The rankings work as a two-year rolling list . The points for each tournament two years ago are removed when the corresponding tournament during the current season finishes . The following table contains the rankings , which were used to determine the seedings for certain tournaments . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]

[ "Lucy_Hale", "Road_Between", "American_Idol", "Paula_Abdul", "American_Idol_-LRB-season_8-RRB-" ]

[ "Karen Lucille Hale -LRB- born June 14 , 1989 -RRB- is an American actress and singer . Earlier in her career , she was sometimes credited as Lucy Kate Hale . Hale first came to prominence as one of the five winners of the reality show American Juniors , a children 's spin off of American Idol . She is best known for her role as Aria Montgomery on the Freeform series Pretty Little Liars , which won her a People 's Choice Award for Favorite Cable TV Actress in 2014 . The same year , she released her debut studio album , Road Between . ", "Road Between is the debut studio album by American actress and singer , Lucy Hale . It was released by DMG Nashville on June 3 , 2014 in America and on June 6 , 2014 in New Zealand and Australia . In December 2014 , Hale is set begin to embark The Road Between Tour , promote the album . However , Hale later announced the tour was cancelled due to her vocal problem . ", "American Idol is an American singing competition television series created by Simon Fuller , produced by FremantleMedia North America and 19 Entertainment , and distributed by FremantleMedia North America . It began airing on Fox on June 11 , 2002 , and ended its first-run on April 7 , 2016 . In 2018 , the show will make its debut on ABC . It started off as an addition to the Idols format based on the British series Pop Idol , and became one of the most successful shows in the history of American television . The concept of the series involves discovering recording stars from unsigned singing talents , with the winner determined by the viewers in America through telephones , Internet , and SMS text voting . Winners chosen by viewers in its fifteen seasons were Kelly Clarkson , Ruben Studdard , Fantasia , Carrie Underwood , Taylor Hicks , Jordin Sparks , David Cook , Kris Allen , Lee DeWyze , Scotty McCreery , Phillip Phillips , Candice Glover , Caleb Johnson , Nick Fradiani , and Trent Harmon.American Idol employed a panel of judges who critiqued the contestants ' performances . The original judges were record producer and music manager Randy Jackson , pop singer and choreographer Paula Abdul and music executive and manager Simon Cowell . The judging panel for the final seasons consisted of country singer Keith Urban , singer and actress Jennifer Lopez , and jazz singer Harry Connick , Jr. . The first season was hosted by radio personality Ryan Seacrest and comedian Brian Dunkleman , with Seacrest as the sole master of ceremonies for the rest of the series . The success of American Idol has been described as `` unparalleled in broadcasting history '' . The series was also said by a rival TV executive to be `` the most impactful show in the history of television '' . It became a recognized springboard for launching the career of many artists as bona fide stars . According to Billboard magazine , in its first ten years , `` Idol has spawned 345 Billboard chart-toppers and a platoon of pop idols , including Kelly Clarkson , Carrie Underwood , Katharine McPhee , Chris Daughtry , Fantasia , Ruben Studdard , Jennifer Hudson , Clay Aiken , Adam Lambert and Jordin Sparks while remaining a TV ratings juggernaut . '' For an unprecedented eight consecutive years , from the 2003 -- 04 television season through the 2010 -- 11 season , either its performance or result show had been ranked number one in U.S. television ratings . The series concluded its original run on Fox after 15 seasons . American Idol will return for a sixteenth season -- its first on ABC -- in 2018 . The announcement was made official on Good Morning America '' on May 9 , 2017 . ", "Paula Julie Abdul -LRB- -LSB- ˈæbduːl -RSB- born June 19 , 1962 -RRB- is an American singer-songwriter , voice actress , dancer , choreographer , actress and television personality . She began her career as a cheerleader for the Los Angeles Lakers at the age of 18 before rising to prominence in the 1980s as a highly sought-after choreographer at the height of the music video era . Abdul later scored a string of pop music hits in the late 1980s and early 1990s . Her six number one singles on the Billboard Hot 100 tie her with Diana Ross for seventh among the female solo performers who have topped the chart . She won a Grammy for `` Best Music Video -- Short Form '' for `` Opposites Attract '' and twice won the `` Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Choreography '' . After her initial period of success , Abdul suffered a series of setbacks in her professional and personal life . She saw renewed fame and success as an original judge on American Idol in the 2000s , which she left after the eighth season . She went on to star on CBS 's short-lived television series Live to Dance , which lasted one season in 2011 , and was subsequently a judge on the first season of the American version of The X Factor along with her former American Idol co-judge Simon Cowell , the creator and producer of the show . She was also a guest judge on the All-Stars edition of Dancing with the Stars in 2012 and the tenth season of So You Think You Can Dance in 2013 , and more recently became a permanent judge for that series along with the Australian version of the show for its 2014 revival . ", "The eighth season of American Idol premiered on January 13 , 2009 , and concluded on May 20 , 2009 . Judges Simon Cowell , Paula Abdul , and Randy Jackson continued to judge the show 's contestants , along with Ryan Seacrest as host . The season introduced Kara DioGuardi as the fourth judge on the Idol panel . It was also Abdul 's final season as a judge . Kris Allen , a native of Conway , Arkansas , was announced the winner of the competition on May 20 , 2009 , defeating runner-up Adam Lambert after nearly 100 million votes . Kris Allen is the only married winner of the competition at the time of his victory . This was the second season where both of the final two contestants had been in the bottom three or two at least once before the finale , with the first being season three . The eighth season saw numerous changes to the format of the show . There were 36 semi-finalists instead of 24 , and thirteen finalists instead of twelve , nine contestants chosen by the public and four by the judges in a wild card round . Another addition was the `` save , '' which was used on the top seven results show to veto Matt Giraud 's elimination . Seven contestants from this season were signed to record deals . The signed artists are Kris Allen , who was then signed to 19 Entertainment/Jive Records . In addition to Allen , Adam Lambert , Danny Gokey , Allison Iraheta , Lil Rounds , Anoop Desai and Michael Sarver . " ]

[ 2, 0, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Salt_River_Valley", "South_Jordan,_Utah", "Black_Rock,_Arizona", "Pyramid_Canyon", "Phoenix_metropolitan_area" ]

[ "The Salt River Valley is an extensive valley on the Salt River in central Arizona , which contains the Phoenix Metropolitan Area . Although this geographic term still identifies the area , the name `` Valley of the Sun '' popularly replaced the usage starting in the early 1930s for purposes of boosterism . A common dust for testing air filter efficiency was derived from top soil dust from the Salt River Valley , referred to as Arizona Dust . The dust was found to include small abrasive particles . ", "South Jordan is a city in the U.S. state of Utah . The city lies in the Salt Lake Valley between the 9000 ft peaks of the Oquirrh Mountains and the 12000 ft peaks of the Wasatch Mountains and is part of the Salt Lake City metropolitan area . The Jordan River flows through the middle of the valley and the city has a 3.5-mile -LRB- 5.6 km -RRB- section of the Jordan River Parkway that contains fishing ponds , trails , parks and natural habitat . Salt Lake County fair grounds and equestrian park , 67 acre Oquirrh Lake and 27 other parks are located inside the city . As of the 2010 Census , its population was 50,418 . The city was founded 18 mi south of Salt Lake City along the banks of the Jordan River in 1859 by Mormon settlers . An agrarian town for most of its history , today it is a rapidly growing bedroom community of Salt Lake City . Kennecott Land , a land development company , has recently begun construction on the master-planned Daybreak Community for the entire western half of South Jordan . Daybreak could potentially double South Jordan 's population . South Jordan is the first city in the world with two temples of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints -LRB- Jordan River Utah Temple and Oquirrh Mountain Utah Temple -RRB- . The city has two TRAX light rail stops , as well as one commuter rail stop on the FrontRunner . ", "Black Rock , Arizona is located just south of the Utah -- Arizona state line in the extreme northwest area of the state . It is an area of the Arizona Strip in the north Mojave Desert just off Interstate 15 . The area is accessed by the Black Rock Road Exit just outside the Virgin River Gorge , which is to the south . The area is managed by the United States Bureau of Land Management . The area is used for off road vehicle recreation , hiking , photography , and as an informal rest stop for long haul truckers . ", "Pyramid Canyon is the canyon on the Colorado River where Davis Dam was built on the state line between Nevada and Arizona . The canyon is located on the Colorado River , between Cottonwood Valley on the north and the Mohave Valley to the south . To the west of the canyon are the Newberry Mountains , and to the east are the Black Mountains of Arizona . Originally a deep canyon between the two ranges containing the free flowing Colorado River , Pyramid Canyon is now filled by the lower reach of Lake Mohave a reservoir formed by Davis Dam . ", "The Phoenix Metropolitan Area -- often referred to as the Valley of the Sun , the Salt River Valley or Metro Phoenix -- is a metropolitan area , centered on the city of Phoenix , that includes much of the central part of the U.S. State of Arizona . The United States Census Bureau designates the area as the Phoenix-Mesa-Chandler Metropolitan Statistical Area -LRB- MSA -RRB- , defining it as Maricopa and Pinal counties . As of the Census Bureau 's 2015 population estimates , the Valley had 4,574,351 residents , making it the 12th largest Metropolitan Area in the nation by population . The gross domestic product of the Phoenix Metropolitan Area was $ 215 billion in 2014 , 15th largest amongst metro areas in the United States . It is also one of the fastest growing major metropolitan areas , gaining nearly 400,000 residents from 2010 to 2015 , and more than 1.3 million since 2000 . The population of the Phoenix Metropolitan Area increased by 45.3 % from 1990 through 2000 , compared to the average United States rate of 13.2 % , helping to make Arizona the second fastest growing state in the nation in the 1990s -LRB- the fastest was Nevada -RRB- . The 2000 Census reported the population of the metropolitan area to be 3,251,876 . As for the 2010 Census , the two-county metropolitan area was reported to have a population of 4,192,887 . Metro Phoenix grew by 941,011 people from April 2000 to April 2010 , making it one of the fastest growing metro areas in the country . This also contributed to the entire state 's exceptional growth , as the area is home to just over two-thirds of Arizona 's population . " ]

[ 0, 1, 0, 0, 1 ]

[ "Languages_of_Malta", "Maltese_language", "Malta", "Elections_in_Malta", "Llanito" ]

[ "Malta has two official languages : Maltese and English . Maltese is also the national language . Until 1934 Italian was also an official language in Malta . Having been governed by many different countries in the past , the Maltese population is generally able to converse in languages which are not native to the country , namely English and Italian . According to the Eurobarometer poll conducted in 2012 , 98 % of Maltese people can speak Maltese , 88 % can speak English , 66 % can speak Italian , and more than 17 % speak French . This shows a recent increase in the fluency of languages , since in 1995 , only 98 % of the population spoke Maltese , 76 % English , 36 % Italian , and 10 % French . Surprisingly , it also shows an increase in Italian fluency compared to when Italian was an official language of Malta . French , German and Spanish are the other main languages studied in secondary and tertiary education . ", "Maltese -LRB- links = no -RRB- is the national language of Malta and a co-official language of the country alongside English , while also serving as an official language of the European Union , the only Semitic language so distinguished . Maltese is descended from Siculo-Arabic , the variety of Arabic that developed in Sicily and was later introduced to Malta , between the end of the ninth century and the end of the twelfth century . Maltese is a unique branch of Arabic because it has evolved independently of Literary Arabic into a standardized language over the past 800 years in a gradual process of Latinisation . The original Semitic base -LRB- Siculo-Arabic -RRB- comprises around one-third of the Maltese vocabulary , especially words that denote basic ideas and the function words , but about half of the vocabulary is derived from standard Italian and Sicilian ; and English words make up between 6 % and 20 % of the vocabulary . Maltese has always been written in the Latin script , the earliest surviving example dating from the late Middle Ages . ", "Malta -LRB- -LSB- ˈmɒltə -RSB- -LSB- ˈmɐltɐ -RSB- -RRB- , officially known as the Republic of Malta -LRB- Repubblika ta ' Malta -RRB- , is a Southern European island country consisting of an archipelago in the Mediterranean Sea . It lies 80 km south of Italy , 284 km east of Tunisia , and 333 km north of Libya . The country covers just over 316 km2 , with a population of just under 450,000 , making it one of the world 's smallest and most densely populated countries . The capital of Malta is Valletta , which at 0.8 km2 , is the smallest national capital in the European Union by area . Malta has one national language , which is Maltese , and English as an official language . Malta 's location in the middle of the Mediterranean has historically given it great strategic importance as a naval base , and a succession of powers , including the Phoenicians , Carthaginians , Greeks , Romans , Byzantines , Moors , Normans , Sicilians , Spanish , Knights of St. John , French and British , have ruled the islands . King George VI of the United Kingdom awarded the George Cross to Malta in 1942 for the country 's bravery in the Second World War . The George Cross continues to appear on Malta 's national flag . Under the Malta Independence Act , passed by the British Parliament in 1964 , Malta gained independence from the United Kingdom as an independent sovereign Commonwealth realm , officially known from 1964 to 1974 as the State of Malta , with Elizabeth II as its head of state . The country became a republic in 1974 , and although no longer a Commonwealth realm , remains a member state of the Commonwealth of Nations . Malta was admitted to the United Nations in 1964 and to the European Union in 2004 ; in 2008 , it became part of the Eurozone . Malta has a long Christian legacy and its Archdiocese of Malta is claimed to be an apostolic see because , according to Acts of the Apostles , St Paul was shipwrecked on `` Melita '' , now widely taken to be Malta . Catholicism is the official religion in Malta . Malta is a popular tourist destination with its warm climate , numerous recreational areas , and architectural and historical monuments , including three UNESCO World Heritage Sites : Ħal Saflieni Hypogeum , Valletta , and seven Megalithic Temples , which are some of the oldest free-standing structures in the world . ", "Malta elects on a national level 6 MEPs representing Malta in the European Parliament , on a district level the legislature , On a local level the Local Councils and on a community level the Administrative Committees . Malta uses single transferable vote to elect its MP/MEP and local councillors . Even though transferable preferences should help third parties , the Maltese electorate , since independence , has consistently voted in two dominant political parties and effectively created a two party system . ", "Llanito or Yanito or Giannito -LRB- pronounced -LSB- jaˈnito -RSB- -RRB- is a form of Spanish heavily laced with words from English and other languages such as Genoese , spoken in the British overseas territory of Gibraltar . It consists of an eclectic mix of Andalusian Spanish and British English , marked by a great deal of code switching , anglicisms and loanwords from many other Mediterranean languages and dialects . Llanito is a Spanish word meaning `` little plain '' . Gibraltarians also call themselves Llanitos . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 0, 2 ]

[ "Languages_of_Malta", "Maltese_language", "Malta", "Elections_in_Malta", "Llanito" ]

[ "Malta has two official languages : Maltese and English . Maltese is also the national language . Until 1934 Italian was also an official language in Malta . Having been governed by many different countries in the past , the Maltese population is generally able to converse in languages which are not native to the country , namely English and Italian . According to the Eurobarometer poll conducted in 2012 , 98 % of Maltese people can speak Maltese , 88 % can speak English , 66 % can speak Italian , and more than 17 % speak French . This shows a recent increase in the fluency of languages , since in 1995 , only 98 % of the population spoke Maltese , 76 % English , 36 % Italian , and 10 % French . Surprisingly , it also shows an increase in Italian fluency compared to when Italian was an official language of Malta . French , German and Spanish are the other main languages studied in secondary and tertiary education . ", "Maltese -LRB- links = no -RRB- is the national language of Malta and a co-official language of the country alongside English , while also serving as an official language of the European Union , the only Semitic language so distinguished . Maltese is descended from Siculo-Arabic , the variety of Arabic that developed in Sicily and was later introduced to Malta , between the end of the ninth century and the end of the twelfth century . Maltese is a unique branch of Arabic because it has evolved independently of Literary Arabic into a standardized language over the past 800 years in a gradual process of Latinisation . The original Semitic base -LRB- Siculo-Arabic -RRB- comprises around one-third of the Maltese vocabulary , especially words that denote basic ideas and the function words , but about half of the vocabulary is derived from standard Italian and Sicilian ; and English words make up between 6 % and 20 % of the vocabulary . Maltese has always been written in the Latin script , the earliest surviving example dating from the late Middle Ages . ", "Malta -LRB- -LSB- ˈmɒltə -RSB- -LSB- ˈmɐltɐ -RSB- -RRB- , officially known as the Republic of Malta -LRB- Repubblika ta ' Malta -RRB- , is a Southern European island country consisting of an archipelago in the Mediterranean Sea . It lies 80 km south of Italy , 284 km east of Tunisia , and 333 km north of Libya . The country covers just over 316 km2 , with a population of just under 450,000 , making it one of the world 's smallest and most densely populated countries . The capital of Malta is Valletta , which at 0.8 km2 , is the smallest national capital in the European Union by area . Malta has one national language , which is Maltese , and English as an official language . Malta 's location in the middle of the Mediterranean has historically given it great strategic importance as a naval base , and a succession of powers , including the Phoenicians , Carthaginians , Greeks , Romans , Byzantines , Moors , Normans , Sicilians , Spanish , Knights of St. John , French and British , have ruled the islands . King George VI of the United Kingdom awarded the George Cross to Malta in 1942 for the country 's bravery in the Second World War . The George Cross continues to appear on Malta 's national flag . Under the Malta Independence Act , passed by the British Parliament in 1964 , Malta gained independence from the United Kingdom as an independent sovereign Commonwealth realm , officially known from 1964 to 1974 as the State of Malta , with Elizabeth II as its head of state . The country became a republic in 1974 , and although no longer a Commonwealth realm , remains a member state of the Commonwealth of Nations . Malta was admitted to the United Nations in 1964 and to the European Union in 2004 ; in 2008 , it became part of the Eurozone . Malta has a long Christian legacy and its Archdiocese of Malta is claimed to be an apostolic see because , according to Acts of the Apostles , St Paul was shipwrecked on `` Melita '' , now widely taken to be Malta . Catholicism is the official religion in Malta . Malta is a popular tourist destination with its warm climate , numerous recreational areas , and architectural and historical monuments , including three UNESCO World Heritage Sites : Ħal Saflieni Hypogeum , Valletta , and seven Megalithic Temples , which are some of the oldest free-standing structures in the world . ", "Malta elects on a national level 6 MEPs representing Malta in the European Parliament , on a district level the legislature , On a local level the Local Councils and on a community level the Administrative Committees . Malta uses single transferable vote to elect its MP/MEP and local councillors . Even though transferable preferences should help third parties , the Maltese electorate , since independence , has consistently voted in two dominant political parties and effectively created a two party system . ", "Llanito or Yanito or Giannito -LRB- pronounced -LSB- jaˈnito -RSB- -RRB- is a form of Spanish heavily laced with words from English and other languages such as Genoese , spoken in the British overseas territory of Gibraltar . It consists of an eclectic mix of Andalusian Spanish and British English , marked by a great deal of code switching , anglicisms and loanwords from many other Mediterranean languages and dialects . Llanito is a Spanish word meaning `` little plain '' . Gibraltarians also call themselves Llanitos . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 0, 2 ]

[ "Victor_Frankenstein_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Billy_the_Kid_Versus_Dracula", "Tales_of_Hoffmann_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Dracula's_Death", "Mark_of_the_Vampire" ]

[ "Victor Frankenstein is a 2015 American science fiction fantasy horror film based on contemporary adaptations of Mary Shelley 's 1818 novel Frankenstein . It is directed by Paul McGuigan and written by Max Landis . Starring James McAvoy as Victor Frankenstein and Daniel Radcliffe as Igor , the film was released by 20th Century Fox on November 25 , 2015 . Told from Igor 's perspective , it shows the troubled young assistant 's dark origins and his redemptive friendship with the young medical student , Victor Frankenstein . Through Igor 's eyes , the audience witnesses the emergence of Frankenstein as the man from the legend we know today . Eventually , their experiments get them into trouble with the authorities , and Dr. Frankenstein and Igor become fugitives as they complete their goals to use science as a way to create life from death . The film received generally negative reviews and became a box office bomb , grossing $ 34.2 million against a budget of $ 40 million . ", "Billy the Kid vs. Dracula is a 1966 American low-budget horror-Western film directed by William Beaudine . It was released theatrically as part of a double bill , along with Jesse James Meets Frankenstein 's Daughter . Both films were shot in eight days at Corriganville Movie Ranch and at Paramount Studios in mid 1965 ; both were the final feature films of director William Beaudine . The film revolves around the eponymous outlaw played by stuntman Chuck Courtney trying to save his fiancee from Dracula -LRB- John Carradine repeating his role from the low-budget Universal Studios movie sequels to the Bela Lugosi classic -RRB- . The films were produced by television producer Carroll Case for Joseph E. Levine . Oddly , the name `` Dracula '' is never mentioned in the film , nor is Carradine credited as playing him in the credits . ", "Tales of Hoffmann -LRB- -LSB- Hoffmanns Erzählungen , links = no -RSB- -RRB- is a 1916 silent German drama film directed by Richard Oswald . ", "Dracula 's Death , or Drakula halála , sometimes translated as The Death of Drakula , is a 1921 Hungarian silent horror film that was written and directed by Károly Lajthay . It is presumed to be a lost film . The film marks the first screen appearance of the vampire Count Dracula , though recent scholarly research indicates that the film 's plot does not follow the narrative of Bram Stoker 's novel Dracula . There are no records in existence to prove whether the film was given a wide -LRB- or limited screening -RRB- release in the USA . After originally opening in Vienna in 1921 and enjoying a long and successful European run , the film was later re-edited and re-released in Budapest in 1923 . ", "Mark of the Vampire -LRB- also known as Vampires of Prague -RRB- is a 1935 horror film , starring Lionel Barrymore , Elizabeth Allan , Bela Lugosi , Lionel Atwill , and Jean Hersholt , and directed by Tod Browning . It is a talkie remake of Browning 's silent London After Midnight -LRB- 1927 -RRB- , with the characters ' names and some circumstances changed . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 1 ]

[ "Kevin_Costner", "John_Goodman", "John_Barton_-LRB-Emmerdale-RRB-", "Jack_Nicholson", "The_Babe" ]

[ "Kevin Michael Costner -LRB- born January 18 , 1955 -RRB- is an American actor , director , producer , and musician . His accolades include two Academy Awards , three Golden Globe Awards , and one Emmy Award . Costner has played Eliot Ness in The Untouchables , Crash Davis in Bull Durham , Ray Kinsella in Field of Dreams , Lt. John J. Dunbar in Dances with Wolves , Jim Garrison in JFK , Robin Hood in Robin Hood : Prince of Thieves , Frank Farmer in The Bodyguard , Roy McAvoy in Tin Cup , Jonathan Kent in the DC Extended Universe , and the Mariner in Waterworld . He directed , produced , and starred in The Postman . In television , Costner won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Miniseries or a Movie , the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor -- Miniseries or Television Film , and the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Miniseries or Television Movie for his role as Devil Anse Hatfield in Hatfields & McCoys -LRB- 2012 -RRB- . ", "John Stephen Goodman -LRB- born June 20 , 1952 -RRB- is an American actor . Early in his career , he was best known for playing Dan Conner on the ABC TV series Roseanne -LRB- 1988 -- 1997 -RRB- , for which he won a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor in 1993 . He is also a regular collaborator with the Coen brothers on such films as Raising Arizona -LRB- 1987 -RRB- , Barton Fink -LRB- 1991 -RRB- , The Big Lebowski -LRB- 1998 -RRB- , O Brother , Where Art Thou ? -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , and Inside Llewyn Davis -LRB- 2013 -RRB- . Goodman 's voice roles in animated films include Pacha in Disney 's The Emperor 's New Groove -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , and Sulley in Pixar 's Monsters , Inc. -LRB- 2001 -RRB- , and Monsters University -LRB- 2013 -RRB- . His other film performances include lead roles in The Babe -LRB- 1992 -RRB- , The Flintstones -LRB- 1994 -RRB- and 10 Cloverfield Lane -LRB- 2016 -RRB- and supporting roles in Coyote Ugly -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , The Artist -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , Argo -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , Flight -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , The Hangover Part III -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , and Patriots Day -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . On television , he has had regular roles on Amazon Studios ' Alpha House and on the first season of HBO 's Treme and has been one of the most frequent hosts of Saturday Night Live , as well as guest roles on series such as Community . John Heilpern of Vanity Fair has called him `` among our very finest actors '' . ", "John Barton is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera , Emmerdale , played by James Thornton . The actor was asked to audition for the part and he called it the `` most frightening audition '' he had ever done . Thornton won the role of John , who was introduced to Emmerdale along with his family as part of an overhaul of the show by the series producer Gavin Blyth . The Barton family took over the running of Butler 's Farm and they were described as being `` sexy , modern and contemporary '' . Thornton made his debut screen appearance during the episode broadcast on 17 July 2009 . The following year , he signed a one-year extension to his contract . In November 2011 , Thornton revealed that he was to leave Emmerdale after three years and he departed on 16 February 2012 . Shortly before he arrived on-screen , Blyth described John as being `` a very charismatic and modern farmer . '' He was a family man , who was honest and hard-working . Kate Woodward of Inside Soap called him `` ruggedly handsome '' and said he had a heart of gold . Thornton called his character a `` proper bloke '' , who was quite moral . John and his family moved to the village to make Butler 's Farm a success . John was good at business and employed a modern approach to farming . He and his wife , Moira -LRB- Natalie J. Robb -RRB- , were childhood sweethearts and their marriage was initially solid . However , John shared a kiss with Eve Jenson -LRB- Suzanne Shaw -RRB- and two years later Moira had an affair with Cain Dingle -LRB- Jeff Hordley -RRB- . John struggled to forgive Moira for her infidelity , but eventually realised that he could not be without her . ", "John Joseph `` Jack '' Nicholson -LRB- born April 22 , 1937 -RRB- is an American actor and filmmaker , who has performed for over 60 years . Nicholson is known for playing a wide range of starring or supporting roles , including satirical comedy , romance and dark portrayals of antiheroes and psychopathic characters . In many of his films , he has played the `` eternal outsider , the sardonic drifter , '' someone who rebels against the social structure . Nicholson 's 12 Academy Award nominations make him the most nominated male actor in the Academy 's history . Nicholson has won the Academy Award for Best Actor twice , one for the drama One Flew Over the Cuckoo 's Nest -LRB- 1975 -RRB- and the other for the romantic comedy As Good as It Gets -LRB- 1997 -RRB- . He also won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for the comedy-drama Terms of Endearment -LRB- 1983 -RRB- . Nicholson is one of three male actors to win three Academy Awards . Nicholson is one of only two actors to be nominated for an Academy Award for acting in every decade from the 1960s to the 2000s ; the other is Michael Caine . He has won six Golden Globe Awards , and received the Kennedy Center Honor in 2001 . In 1994 , he became one of the youngest actors to be awarded the American Film Institute 's Life Achievement Award . Other films in which he has starred include the road movie Easy Rider -LRB- 1969 -RRB- , the drama Five Easy Pieces -LRB- 1970 -RRB- , the comedy-drama film The Last Detail -LRB- 1973 -RRB- , the neo-noir mystery film Chinatown -LRB- 1974 -RRB- , the drama The Passenger -LRB- 1975 -RRB- , and the epic film Reds -LRB- 1981 -RRB- . He played Jack Torrance in Stanley Kubrick 's horror film The Shining -LRB- 1980 -RRB- , the Joker in Tim Burton 's superhero film Batman -LRB- 1989 -RRB- , and Frank Costello in Martin Scorsese 's neo-noir crime drama The Departed -LRB- 2006 -RRB- . Other films include the legal drama A Few Good Men -LRB- 1992 -RRB- , the Sean Penn-directed mystery film The Pledge -LRB- 2001 -RRB- , and the comedy-drama About Schmidt -LRB- 2002 -RRB- . ", "The Babe is a 1992 American biographical drama film about the life of famed baseball player Babe Ruth , who is portrayed by John Goodman . It was directed by Arthur Hiller , written by John Fusco and released in the United States on April 17 , 1992 . " ]

[ 0, 2, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "Ann_Biderman", "Suzanne_Strempek_Shea", "Anne_Rundle", "Judith_Gould", "Patricia_Lee_Gauch" ]

[ "Ann Biderman -LRB- born August 15 , 1951 -RRB- is an American film and television writer . She is the creator and executive producer of the NBC/TNT series Southland -LRB- 2009 -- 2013 -RRB- , and won an Emmy Award for Outstanding Individual Achievement in Writing in a Drama Series for an episode of NYPD Blue . She created , wrote , and produced '' Ray Donovan . ", "Suzanne Strempek Shea , born in western Massachusetts , USA , is the author of literary fiction , biographies and memoirs . She was the winner of the 2000 New England Book Award for Fiction . Shea lives in Bondsville , Massachusetts , with her husband , the Springfield Republican columnist Tom Shea . She is the author of five novels : Selling the Lite of Heaven , Hoopi Shoopi Donna , Lily of the Valley , Around Again , and Becoming Finola , published by Washington Square Press . She has also written three memoirs , Songs From a Lead-lined Room : Notes - High and Low - From My Journey Through Breast Cancer and Radiation ; Shelf Life : Romance , Mystery , Drama and Other Page-Turning Adventures From a Year in a Bookstore ; and Sundays in America : A Yearlong Road Trip in Search of Christian Faith , all published by Beacon Press . Her freelance journalism and fiction has appeared in magazines and newspapers including Yankee , The Bark , Golf World , The Boston Globe , The Philadelphia Inquirer , Organic Style and ESPN the Magazine . She was a regular contributor to Obit magazine . Her essay `` Crafty Critters '' appears in the anthology Knitting Yarns : Writers on Knitting , published by W. W. Norton & Company in 2013 . ", "Anne Rundle , née Lamb -LRB- 1920 -- 1989 -RRB- was a British writer of over 40 gothic and romance novels . She also used the pseudonyms of Joanne Marshall , Marianne Lamont , Alexandra Manners , Jeanne Sanders , and Georgianna Bell . She won the Netta Muskett Award for new writers , and is one of only a few authors to have won twice the Romantic Novel of the Year Award by the Romantic Novelists ' Association . ", "Judith Gould is a fictional American writer of romance novels , and is the pseudonym used by co-authors : Nicholas Peter `` Nick '' Bienes and Rhea Gallaher , who are actually both men . Gould is a New York Times bestselling author whose books have been translated into 22 languages . In addition to being writing partners , Bienes and Gallaher are also involved romantically . They currently live together in room 600 of the famous Hotel Chelsea in New York City , regarded as the hotel 's most luxurious suite . ", "Patricia Lee Gauch -LRB- born January 3 , 1934 -RRB- is an author who has written over 30 works of children 's literature . In 1993 , Gauch was inducted into the New Jersey Literary Hall of Fame . She has been a resident of the Basking Ridge section of Bernards Township , New Jersey . She was also publisher of Philomel Books , an imprint of Penguin Books USA . Her books include My Old Tree -LRB- New York : Coward-McCann . 1970 -RRB- , Christina Katerina & the Box -LRB- New York : Putnam & Grosset . 1971 -RRB- and `` The stone soup '' . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 1 ]

[ "Latvian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic", "Armenian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic", "Soviet_Union", "Emblem_of_the_Moldavian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic", "Tajik_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" ]

[ "The Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic -LRB- Latvian SSR ; Latvijas Padomju Sociālistiskā Republika Латвийская Советская Социалистическая Республика , Latviyskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika -RRB- , also known as Soviet Latvia or Latvia , was a republic of the Soviet Union . It was established on 21 July 1940 , during World War II , as a Soviet puppet state in the territory of the previously independent Republic of Latvia after it had been occupied on June 17 , 1940 by the Soviet Army , in conformity with the terms of the 23 August 1939 Molotov -- Ribbentrop Pact . Following the Welles Declaration of July 23 , 1940 , the annexation of Latvia into the Soviet Union -LRB- USSR -RRB- on 5 August 1940 was not recognized as legitimate by the United States , the European Community , and recognition of it as the nominal fifteenth constituent republic of the USSR was withheld for five decades . Its territory was subsequently conquered by Nazi Germany in June -- July 1941 , before being retaken by the Soviets in 1944 -- 1945 . Nevertheless , Latvia continued to exist as an de jure independent country with a number of countries continued to recognize Latvian diplomats and consuls who still functioned in the name of their former governments . Soviet rule came to the end during the dissolution of the Soviet Union . The first freely elected parliament of the Latvian SSR passed a declaration `` On the Renewal of the Independence of the Republic of Latvia '' on May 4 , 1990 , restoring the official name of the State of Latvia as the Republic of Latvia . and restoring its former state symbols - flag and anthem . The full independence of the Republic of Latvia was restored on 21 August 1991 , during the 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt and fully recognized by the Soviet Union on 6 September 1991 . ", "Armenia -LRB- -LSB- ɑrˈmiːniə -RSB- , -LSB- - ˈmiːnjə -RSB- Հայաստան , tr . Hayastan , -LSB- hɑjɑsˈtɑn -RSB- ; Армения Armeniya -RRB- , officially the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic ; -LRB- Armenian SSR ; Հայկական Սովետական Սոցիալիստական Հանրապետություն Haykakan Sovetakan Soc ` ialistakan Hanrapetut ` yun Армя́нская Сове́тская Социалисти́ческая Респу́блика Armyanskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialističeskaya Respublika -RRB- , also commonly referred to as Soviet Armenia was one of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union in December 1922 located in the South Caucasus region of Eurasia . It was established in December 1920 , when the Soviets took over control of the short-lived First Republic of Armenia and lasted until 1991 . It is sometimes called the Second Republic of Armenia , following the First Republic of Armenia 's demise . As part of the Soviet Union , the Armenian SSR transformed from a largely agricultural hinterland to an important industrial production center , while its population almost quadrupled from around 880,000 in 1926 to 3.3 million in 1989 due to natural growth and large-scale influx of Armenian Genocide survivors and their descendants . On August 23 , 1990 , it was renamed the Republic of Armenia after its sovereignty was declared , but remained in the Soviet Union until its official proclamation of independence on 21 September 1991 . Its independence was recognized on 26 December 1991 when the Soviet Union ceased to exist . After the dissolution of the Soviet Union , the state of the post-Union Republic of Armenia existed until the adoption of the new constitution in 1995 . ", "The Soviet Union -LRB- -LSB- Сове́тский Сою́з , r = Sovetskiy Soyuz -RSB- -LSB- sɐ ` vʲetskʲɪj sɐˈjʉs -RSB- -RRB- , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics -LRB- USSR ; Сою́з Сове́тских Социалисти́ческих Респу́блик , -LSB- sɐˈjus sɐˈvʲɛtskʲɪx sətsɨəlʲɪsˈtʲitɕɪskʲɪx rʲɪˈspublʲɪk -RSB- -RRB- , also known unofficially as Russia -LRB- -LSB- Росси́я , Rossiya , rɐˈsʲijə -RSB- -RRB- , was a socialist state in Eurasia that existed from 1922 to 1991 . Nominally a union of multiple equal national Soviet republics , its government and economy were highly centralized in a state that was unitary in most respects . The country was a one-party federation , governed by the Communist Party with Moscow as its capital . The Soviet Union had its roots in the October Revolution of 1917 , when the Bolsheviks , led by Vladimir Lenin , overthrew the Russian Provisional Government which had replaced Tsar Nicholas II . In 1922 , the Soviet Union was formed with the unification of the Russian , Transcaucasian , Ukrainian , and Byelorussian republics . Following Lenin 's death in 1924 and a brief power struggle , Joseph Stalin came to power in the mid-1920s . Stalin committed the state 's ideology to Marxism -- Leninism -LRB- which he created -RRB- , and initiated a centrally planned economy . As a result , the country underwent a period of rapid industrialization and collectivization . Political paranoia was also fomented around Stalin , and the Great Purge was carried out to remove his opponents from the Communist Party through arbitrary arrests and persecutions of many people . Shortly before World War II , Stalin signed the Molotov -- Ribbentrop Pact agreeing to non-aggression with Nazi Germany , after which the two countries invaded Poland in September 1939 . In June 1941 , Germany invaded the Soviet Union , opening the largest and bloodiest theater of war in history . Soviet war casualties accounted for the highest proportion of the conflict in the effort of acquiring the upper hand over Axis forces at intense battles such as Stalingrad . The territories overtaken by the Red Army became satellite states of the USSR . The Cold War emerged by 1947 as the Eastern Bloc which united under the Warsaw Pact in 1955 confronted the Western states which united under NATO in 1949 . Following Stalin 's death in 1953 , a period of political and economic liberalization , known as `` de-Stalinization '' and `` Khrushchev 's Thaw '' , occurred under the leadership of Nikita Khrushchev . The Soviet Union took an early lead in the Space Race , with the first artificial satellite and the first human spaceflight . In the 1970s , there was a brief détente of relations with the United States , but tensions resumed with the Soviet -- Afghan War in 1979 . In the mid-1980s , the last Soviet leader , Mikhail Gorbachev , sought to reform and liberalize the economy through his policies of glasnost and perestroika . The Cold War ended during his tenure , and in 1989 , Soviet satellite states in Eastern Europe overthrew their respective communist governments . This led to the rise of strong nationalist and separatist movements inside the USSR as well . The government initiated a referendum , boycotted by some Soviet republics , which resulted in the majority of participating citizens voting in favor of preserving the union as a renewed federation . In August 1991 , an abortive coup d'état was attempted by Communist Party hardliners . The Russian President Boris Yeltsin played a high-profile role in facing down the coup . On 25 December 1991 , Gorbachev resigned and the remaining twelve constituent republics emerged from the dissolution of the Soviet Union as independent post-Soviet states . The Russian Federation -- formerly the Russian SFSR -- assumed the Soviet Union 's rights and obligations and is recognized as the primary legal successor of the Soviet Union . ", "The coat of arms of the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic was adopted on February 10 , 1941 by the government of the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic . The coat of arms is based on the coat of arms of the Soviet Union . It shows symbols of agriculture , an outer rim featuring wheat , corn , grapes and clover . The red banner bears the Soviet Union state motto -LRB- `` Workers of the world , unite ! '' -RRB- in both the Russian and Moldovan languages . In Moldovan , it was initially '' Пролетарь дин тоате цэриле , униць-вэ ! '' , then , from the 1950s '' Пролетарь дин тоате цэриле , уници-вэ ! '' , both transliterated as `` Proletari din toate țările , uniți-vă ! '' . The acronym `` MSSR '' is shown only in Moldovan . The emblem was replaced on November 3 , 1990 by the present coat of arms of Moldova . The unrecognised Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic -LRB- also known as Transnistria -RRB- uses a similar state emblem . ", "Tajikistan -LRB- -LSB- tɑːˈdʒiːkᵻstɑːn -RSB- , -LSB- təˈdʒiːkᵻstæn -RSB- , or -LSB- tæˈdʒiːkiːstæn -RSB- Тоҷикистон , Таджикистан , -LSB- tɔd͡ʒikɪsˈtɔn -RSB- -RRB- ; officially the Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic -LRB- Tajik SSR ; Республикаи Советии Социалистии Тоҷикистон , Respublikaji Sovetiji Sotsialistiji Toçikiston ; Таджикская Советская Социалистическая Республика , Tadzhikskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika -RRB- and the Republic of Tajikistan -LRB- Ҷумҳурии Тоҷикистон , Çumhuriji Toçikiston ; Республика Таджикистан , Respublika Tadzhikistan -RRB- , also commonly known as Soviet Tajikistan was one of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union existed from 1929 to 1991 located in Central Asia as an landlocked state . The Tajik Republic was created on 5 December 1929 as a national entity for the Tajik people within the Soviet Union . It succeeded the Tajik Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic -LRB- Tajik ASSR -RRB- , which had been created on 14 October 1924 as a part of the predominantly Turkic Uzbek SSR in the process of national delimitation in Soviet Central Asia . On 24 August 1990 , the Tajik SSR declared sovereignty in its borders . The republic was renamed to the Republic of Tajikistan on 31 August 1991 and declared its independence from the Soviet Union on 9 September 1991 . Geographically , at 143100 km2 , it was bordered by Afghanistan to the south , Uzbekistan to the west , Kirghizia to the north , and China to the east . Pakistan was to the south , separated by the narrow Wakhan Corridor . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Kareem_Abdul-Jabbar", "Mohammad_Saber_Rohparwar", "Ibrahim_Ghaleb", "Ishwar_Maraj", "Abdul_Aziz_-LRB-cricketer,_born_1934-RRB-" ]

[ "Kareem Abdul-Jabbar -LRB- born Ferdinand Lewis Alcindor Jr. ; April 16 , 1947 -RRB- is an American retired professional basketball player who played 20 seasons in the National Basketball Association -LRB- NBA -RRB- for the Milwaukee Bucks and the Los Angeles Lakers . During his career as a center , Abdul-Jabbar was a record six-time NBA Most Valuable Player -LRB- MVP -RRB- , a record 19-time NBA All-Star , a 15-time All-NBA selection , and an 11-time NBA All-Defensive Team member . A member of six NBA championship teams as a player and two as an assistant coach , Abdul-Jabbar twice was voted NBA Finals MVP . In 1996 , he was honored as one of the 50 Greatest Players in NBA History . NBA coach Pat Riley and players Isiah Thomas and Julius Erving have called him the greatest basketball player of all time . After winning 71 consecutive basketball games on his high school team in New York City , Alcindor attended college at UCLA , where he played for coach John Wooden on three consecutive national championship basketball teams and was a record three-time MVP of the NCAA Tournament . Drafted by the one-season-old Bucks franchise in the 1969 NBA draft with the first overall pick , Alcindor spent six seasons in Milwaukee . After winning his first NBA championship in 1971 , he adopted the Muslim name Kareem Abdul-Jabbar at age 24 . Using his trademark `` skyhook '' shot , he established himself as one of the league 's top scorers . In 1975 , he was traded to the Lakers , with whom he played the last 14 seasons of his career and won five additional NBA championships . Abdul-Jabbar 's contributions were a key component in the `` Showtime '' era of Lakers basketball . Over his 20-year NBA career his team succeeded in making the playoffs 18 times and past the 1st round in 14 of them ; his team reached the NBA Finals 10 times . At the time of his retirement in 1989 , Abdul-Jabbar was the NBA 's all-time leader in points scored -LRB- 38,387 -RRB- , games played -LRB- 1,560 -RRB- , minutes played -LRB- 57,446 -RRB- , field goals made -LRB- 15,837 -RRB- , field goal attempts -LRB- 28,307 -RRB- , blocked shots -LRB- 3,189 -RRB- , defensive rebounds -LRB- 9,394 -RRB- , career wins -LRB- 1,074 -RRB- , and personal fouls -LRB- 4,657 -RRB- . He remains the all-time leading scorer in the NBA , and player with most career wins . He is ranked 3rd all-time in both rebounds and blocks . In 2007 , ESPN voted him the greatest center of all time , in 2008 , they named him the `` greatest player in college basketball history '' , and in 2016 , they named him the second best player in NBA history -LRB- behind Michael Jordan -RRB- . Abdul-Jabbar has also been an actor , a basketball coach , and a best-selling author . In 2012 , he was selected by Secretary of State Hillary Clinton to be a U.S. global cultural ambassador . In 2016 , he received the Presidential Medal of Freedom from President Barack Obama . ", "Mohammad Saber Rohparwar is a retired Afghan footballer . He was the captain of the Afghanistan national team until 1980 . He has been Afghanistan 's most successful football player , scoring 25 goals as a footballer in his national team . Furthermore , he was the coach of the Kaur club . During his time as a coach he trained players such as Najib Kohyar . In 1980 , during the Soviet invasion and two years after the communist war , he fled to Hamburg in Germany and founded a taxi business . He then created a local Afghan football club called Ariana SV which he is currently a chairman . His son Rohollah Rohparwar is also a footballer . ", "Ibrahim Mohammed Ghaleb Jahshan -LRB- Arabic : إبراهيم محمد غالب جحشان ; born 28 September 1990 -RRB- is a Saudi Arabian footballer . He currently plays for Al-Nassr in the Saudi Professional League . ", "Ishwar Maraj -LRB- इश्वर माराज born January 26 , 1969 in Point Fortin , Trinidad and Tobago -RRB- is a Canadian cricketer . He is a left-handed batsman and a right-arm offbreak bowler . Before his move to Canada he played club cricket in Trinidad and Tobago . He holds the world record for the slowest ever fifty in a World Cup match , in an innings against South Africa , in the 2003 Cricket World Cup , in which he played in all six matches . He last game for Canada was in the 2004 ICC 6 Nations Challenge , although he did play for Canada A against the MCC in 2005 . He played for St Lucia in the 2006 Stanford 20/20 tournament . ", "Abdul Aziz -LRB- born 4 July 1934 -RRB- is a former Pakistani first-class cricketer who played for Lahore cricket team . He played 19 First-class cricket games . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Species_distribution", "Cladogenesis", "Relative_species_abundance", "Sedimentation", "Antigenic_shift" ]

[ "Species distribution is the manner in which a biological taxon is spatially arranged . Species distribution is not to be confused with dispersal , which is the movement of individuals away from their area of origin or from centers of high on density . A similar concept is the species range . A species range is often represented with a species range map . Biogeographers try to understand the factors determining a species ' distribution . The pattern of distribution is not permanent for each species . Distribution patterns can change seasonally , in response to the availability of resources , and also depending on the scale at which they are viewed . Dispersion usually takes place at the time of reproduction . Populations within a species are translocated through many methods , including dispersal by people , wind , water and animals . Humans are one of the largest distributors due to the current trends in globalization and the expanse of the transportation industry . For example , large tankers often fill their ballasts with water at one port and empty them in another , causing a wider distribution of aquatic species . Biogeography is the study of the distribution of biodiversity over space and time . It is very useful in understanding species distribution through factors such as speciation , extinction , continental drift , glaciation , variation of sea levels , river capture and available resources . This branch of study not only gives a description of the species distribution , but also a geographical explanation for the distribution of particular species . The traditional biogeographic regions were first modeled by Alfred Wallace in The Geographical Distribution of Animals -LRB- 1876 -RRB- . These were based on the work of Sclater 's terrestrial biogeographic regions . Wallace 's system was based on both birds and vertebrates , including non-flying mammals , which better reflect the natural divisions of the Earth due to their limited dispersal abilities . ", "Cladogenesis is an evolutionary splitting event where a parent species splits into two distinct species , forming a clade . This event usually occurs when a few organisms end up in new , often distant areas or when environmental changes cause several extinctions , opening up ecological niches for the survivors . The events that cause these species to originally separate from each other over distant areas may still allow both of the species to have equal chances of surviving , reproducing , and even evolving to better suit their environments while still being two distinct species . Cladogenesis is in contrast to anagenesis , in which an ancestral species gradually accumulates change , and eventually , when enough is accumulated , the species is sufficiently distinct and different enough from its original starting form that it can be labeled as a new form - a new species . Note that here the lineage in a phylogenetic tree does not split . To determine whether a speciation event is cladogenesis , researchers may use simulation , evidence from fossils , molecular evidence from the DNA of different living species , or modelling . It has however been questioned whether the distinction between cladogenesis and anagenesis is necessary at all in evolutionary theory . ", "Relative species abundance is a component of biodiversity and refers to how common or rare a species is relative to other species in a defined location or community . Relative abundance is the percent composition of an organism of a particular kind relative to the total number of organisms in the area . Relative species abundances tend to conform to specific patterns that are among the best-known and most-studied patterns in macroecology . ", "Sedimentation is the tendency for particles in suspension to settle out of the fluid in which they are entrained and come to rest against a barrier . This is due to their motion through the fluid in response to the forces acting on them : these forces can be due to gravity , centrifugal acceleration , or electromagnetism . In geology , sedimentation is often used as the opposite of erosion , i.e. , the terminal end of sediment transport . In that sense , it includes the termination of transport by saltation or true bedload transport . Settling is the falling of suspended particles through the liquid , whereas sedimentation is the termination of the settling process . In estuarine environments , settling can be influenced by the presence or absence of vegetation . Trees such as mangroves are crucial to the attenuation of waves or currents , promoting the settlement of suspended particles . Sedimentation may pertain to objects of various sizes , ranging from large rocks in flowing water to suspensions of dust and pollen particles to cellular suspensions to solutions of single molecules such as proteins and peptides . Even small molecules supply a sufficiently strong force to produce significant sedimentation . The term is typically used in geology to describe the deposition of sediment which results in the formation of sedimentary rock , but it is also used in various chemical and environmental fields to describe the motion of often-smaller particles and molecules . This process is also used in the biotech industry to separate cells from the culture media . ", "Antigenic shift is the process by which two or more different strains of a virus , or strains of two or more different viruses , combine to form a new subtype having a mixture of the surface antigens of the two or more original strains . The term is often applied specifically to influenza , as that is the best-known example , but the process is also known to occur with other viruses , such as visna virus in sheep . Antigenic shift is a specific case of reassortment or viral shift that confers a phenotypic change . Antigenic shift is contrasted with antigenic drift , which is the natural mutation over time of known strains of influenza -LRB- or other things , in a more general sense -RRB- which may lead to a loss of immunity , or in vaccine mismatch . Antigenic drift occurs in all types of influenza including influenzavirus A , influenza B and influenza C. Antigenic shift , however , occurs only in influenzavirus A because it infects more than just humans . Affected species include other mammals and birds , giving influenza A the opportunity for a major reorganization of surface antigens . Influenza B and C principally infect humans , minimizing the chance that a reassortment will change its phenotype drastically . Antigenic shift is important for the emergence of new viral pathogens as it is a pathway that viruses may follow to enter a new niche . It could occur with primate viruses and may be a factor for the appearance of new viruses in the human species such as HIV . Due to the structure of its genome , HIV does not undergo reassortment , but it does recombine freely and via superinfection HIV can produce recombinant HIV strains that differ significantly from their ancestors . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Gaius_Julius_Caesar_-LRB-proconsul-RRB-", "Marcus_Junius_Brutus_the_Younger", "Publius_Sestius", "Lucius_Quinctius", "Benjamin_Caesar" ]

[ "Gaius Julius Caesar -LRB- ca. 130 BC -- 85 BC -RRB- was a Roman senator , a supporter of his brother-in-law , Gaius Marius , and the father of Gaius Julius Caesar , the dictator . Caesar was married to Aurelia Cotta , a member of the Aurelii and Rutilii families . They had two daughters , known as Julia Major and Julia Minor , and a son , Gaius , who was born in 100 BC . He was the brother of Sextus Julius Caesar -LRB- consul in 91 BC -RRB- and the son of Gaius Julius Caesar . Caesar 's progress through the cursus honorum is well known , although the specific dates associated with his offices are controversial . According to two elogia erected in Rome long after his death , Caesar was a commissioner in the colony at Cercina , military tribune , quaestor , praetor , and proconsul of Asia . The dates of these offices are unclear . The colony is probably one of Marius ' of 103 BC . Broughton dated the praetorship to 92 BC , with the quaestorship falling towards the beginning of the 90s BC . Brennan has dated the praetorship to the beginning of the decade . Caesar died suddenly in 85 BC , in Rome , while putting on his shoes one morning . Another Caesar , possibly his father , had died similarly in Pisa . His father had seen to his education by one of the best orators of Rome , Marcus Antonius Gnipho . In his will , he left Caesar the bulk of his estate , but after Marius 's faction had been defeated in the civil war of the 80s BC , this inheritance was confiscated by the dictator Sulla . ", "Marcus Junius Brutus -LRB- -LSB- ˈbruːtəs -RSB- 85 BC -- 23 October 42 BC -RRB- , often referred to as Brutus , was a politician of the late Roman Republic . After being adopted by his uncle he used the name Quintus Servilius Caepio Brutus , but eventually returned to using his original name . He took a leading role in the assassination of Julius Caesar . Brutus was close to General Julius Caesar , the leader of the Populares faction . However , Caesar 's attempts to assume greater power for himself put him at greater odds with the Roman elite and members of the Senate . Brutus eventually came to oppose Caesar and fought with the Optimate faction , led by Pompey the Great , against Caesar 's forces in Caesar 's Civil War . Pompey was defeated at the Battle of Pharsalus in 48 B.C. , after which Brutus surrendered to Caesar , who granted him amnesty . However , the underlying political tensions which led to the war had not been resolved . Due to Caesar 's increasingly monarchical behavior , several senators , calling themselves `` Liberators '' , plotted to assassinate him . They recruited Brutus , who took a leading role in the assassination , which was carried out successfully on March 15 , 44 B.C. . The Senate , at the request of the Consul Mark Antony , granted amnesty to the assassins . However , a populist uprising forced Brutus and his brother-in-law , fellow assassin Gaius Cassius Longinus , to leave the City of Rome . In 43 B.C. , Caesar 's grandnephew , Consul Gaius Octavian Caesar , immediately after taking office , passed a resolution declaring the conspirators , including Brutus , murderers . This led to the Liberators ' civil war , pitting the erstwhile supporters of Caesar , under the Second Triumvirate , wishing both to gain power for themselves and avenge his death , against those who opposed him . Octavian combined his troops with those of Antony , and together they decisively defeated the outnumbered armies of Brutus and Cassius at the Battle of Philippi in October 42 B.C. . After the battle , Brutus committed suicide . ", "Publius Sestius was a Roman senator in the 1st century BC . He was a praetor in 53 BC , as well as a friend and ally of Cicero , by whom he was defended in 56 BC . Upon the outbreak of Caesar 's Civil War he joined the party of Pompey , having become the governor of Cilicia . According to Plutarch 's Life of Brutus he was accompanied by Marcus Brutus to his province , but Sestius subsequently went over to Caesar , who sent him into Cappadocia in 48 BC . ", "Lucius Quinctius -LRB- born c. 124 BC -RRB- was a politician of the late Roman Republic . A homo novus associated with the populares , he was tribune of the plebs in 74 BC and praetor in 67 BC . Quinctius is characterised by Cicero as a man well fitted to speak in public assemblies -LRB- Cic . Brut . 62 -RRB- . He distinguished himself by his violent opposition to the constitutional reforms of Lucius Cornelius Sulla , and endeavoured to regain for the tribunes the power of which they had been deprived . The unpopularity excited against the judges by the general belief that they had been bribed by Cluentius to condemn Oppianicus , was of service to Quinctius in attacking another of Sulla 's measures , by which the judges were taken exclusively from the senatorial order . Quinctius warmly espoused the cause of Oppianicus , constantly asserted his innocence , and raised the flame of popular indignation to such a height , that Junius , who had presided at the trial , was obliged to retire from public life . Quinctius , however , was not strong enough to obtain the repeal of any of Sulla 's laws . The consul Lucullus opposed him vigorously in public , and induced him , by persuasion in private , says Plutarch , to abandon his attempts . It is not improbable that the aristocracy made use of the powerful persuasion of money to keep him quiet . In 68 BC Quinctius was praetor , perhaps because of Crassus 's support . He took his revenge upon his old enemy Lucullus , by inducing the senate to send him a successor in his province , although he had , according to a statement of Sallust , received money from Lucullus to prevent the appointment of a successor . ", "Benjamin Julius Caesar -LRB- born 12 March 1797 at Peper Harrow , Surrey ; died 1867 at Guildford , Surrey -RRB- was an English professional cricketer who played first-class cricket from 1824 to 1830 . He was mainly associated with Godalming Cricket Club and Surrey and made 11 known appearances in first-class matches . He was the father of Julius Caesar . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "Gaius_Julius_Caesar_-LRB-proconsul-RRB-", "Marcus_Junius_Brutus_the_Younger", "Publius_Sestius", "Lucius_Quinctius", "Benjamin_Caesar" ]

[ "Gaius Julius Caesar -LRB- ca. 130 BC -- 85 BC -RRB- was a Roman senator , a supporter of his brother-in-law , Gaius Marius , and the father of Gaius Julius Caesar , the dictator . Caesar was married to Aurelia Cotta , a member of the Aurelii and Rutilii families . They had two daughters , known as Julia Major and Julia Minor , and a son , Gaius , who was born in 100 BC . He was the brother of Sextus Julius Caesar -LRB- consul in 91 BC -RRB- and the son of Gaius Julius Caesar . Caesar 's progress through the cursus honorum is well known , although the specific dates associated with his offices are controversial . According to two elogia erected in Rome long after his death , Caesar was a commissioner in the colony at Cercina , military tribune , quaestor , praetor , and proconsul of Asia . The dates of these offices are unclear . The colony is probably one of Marius ' of 103 BC . Broughton dated the praetorship to 92 BC , with the quaestorship falling towards the beginning of the 90s BC . Brennan has dated the praetorship to the beginning of the decade . Caesar died suddenly in 85 BC , in Rome , while putting on his shoes one morning . Another Caesar , possibly his father , had died similarly in Pisa . His father had seen to his education by one of the best orators of Rome , Marcus Antonius Gnipho . In his will , he left Caesar the bulk of his estate , but after Marius 's faction had been defeated in the civil war of the 80s BC , this inheritance was confiscated by the dictator Sulla . ", "Marcus Junius Brutus -LRB- -LSB- ˈbruːtəs -RSB- 85 BC -- 23 October 42 BC -RRB- , often referred to as Brutus , was a politician of the late Roman Republic . After being adopted by his uncle he used the name Quintus Servilius Caepio Brutus , but eventually returned to using his original name . He took a leading role in the assassination of Julius Caesar . Brutus was close to General Julius Caesar , the leader of the Populares faction . However , Caesar 's attempts to assume greater power for himself put him at greater odds with the Roman elite and members of the Senate . Brutus eventually came to oppose Caesar and fought with the Optimate faction , led by Pompey the Great , against Caesar 's forces in Caesar 's Civil War . Pompey was defeated at the Battle of Pharsalus in 48 B.C. , after which Brutus surrendered to Caesar , who granted him amnesty . However , the underlying political tensions which led to the war had not been resolved . Due to Caesar 's increasingly monarchical behavior , several senators , calling themselves `` Liberators '' , plotted to assassinate him . They recruited Brutus , who took a leading role in the assassination , which was carried out successfully on March 15 , 44 B.C. . The Senate , at the request of the Consul Mark Antony , granted amnesty to the assassins . However , a populist uprising forced Brutus and his brother-in-law , fellow assassin Gaius Cassius Longinus , to leave the City of Rome . In 43 B.C. , Caesar 's grandnephew , Consul Gaius Octavian Caesar , immediately after taking office , passed a resolution declaring the conspirators , including Brutus , murderers . This led to the Liberators ' civil war , pitting the erstwhile supporters of Caesar , under the Second Triumvirate , wishing both to gain power for themselves and avenge his death , against those who opposed him . Octavian combined his troops with those of Antony , and together they decisively defeated the outnumbered armies of Brutus and Cassius at the Battle of Philippi in October 42 B.C. . After the battle , Brutus committed suicide . ", "Publius Sestius was a Roman senator in the 1st century BC . He was a praetor in 53 BC , as well as a friend and ally of Cicero , by whom he was defended in 56 BC . Upon the outbreak of Caesar 's Civil War he joined the party of Pompey , having become the governor of Cilicia . According to Plutarch 's Life of Brutus he was accompanied by Marcus Brutus to his province , but Sestius subsequently went over to Caesar , who sent him into Cappadocia in 48 BC . ", "Lucius Quinctius -LRB- born c. 124 BC -RRB- was a politician of the late Roman Republic . A homo novus associated with the populares , he was tribune of the plebs in 74 BC and praetor in 67 BC . Quinctius is characterised by Cicero as a man well fitted to speak in public assemblies -LRB- Cic . Brut . 62 -RRB- . He distinguished himself by his violent opposition to the constitutional reforms of Lucius Cornelius Sulla , and endeavoured to regain for the tribunes the power of which they had been deprived . The unpopularity excited against the judges by the general belief that they had been bribed by Cluentius to condemn Oppianicus , was of service to Quinctius in attacking another of Sulla 's measures , by which the judges were taken exclusively from the senatorial order . Quinctius warmly espoused the cause of Oppianicus , constantly asserted his innocence , and raised the flame of popular indignation to such a height , that Junius , who had presided at the trial , was obliged to retire from public life . Quinctius , however , was not strong enough to obtain the repeal of any of Sulla 's laws . The consul Lucullus opposed him vigorously in public , and induced him , by persuasion in private , says Plutarch , to abandon his attempts . It is not improbable that the aristocracy made use of the powerful persuasion of money to keep him quiet . In 68 BC Quinctius was praetor , perhaps because of Crassus 's support . He took his revenge upon his old enemy Lucullus , by inducing the senate to send him a successor in his province , although he had , according to a statement of Sallust , received money from Lucullus to prevent the appointment of a successor . ", "Benjamin Julius Caesar -LRB- born 12 March 1797 at Peper Harrow , Surrey ; died 1867 at Guildford , Surrey -RRB- was an English professional cricketer who played first-class cricket from 1824 to 1830 . He was mainly associated with Godalming Cricket Club and Surrey and made 11 known appearances in first-class matches . He was the father of Julius Caesar . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "Gaius_Julius_Caesar_-LRB-proconsul-RRB-", "Marcus_Junius_Brutus_the_Younger", "Publius_Sestius", "Lucius_Quinctius", "Benjamin_Caesar" ]

[ "Gaius Julius Caesar -LRB- ca. 130 BC -- 85 BC -RRB- was a Roman senator , a supporter of his brother-in-law , Gaius Marius , and the father of Gaius Julius Caesar , the dictator . Caesar was married to Aurelia Cotta , a member of the Aurelii and Rutilii families . They had two daughters , known as Julia Major and Julia Minor , and a son , Gaius , who was born in 100 BC . He was the brother of Sextus Julius Caesar -LRB- consul in 91 BC -RRB- and the son of Gaius Julius Caesar . Caesar 's progress through the cursus honorum is well known , although the specific dates associated with his offices are controversial . According to two elogia erected in Rome long after his death , Caesar was a commissioner in the colony at Cercina , military tribune , quaestor , praetor , and proconsul of Asia . The dates of these offices are unclear . The colony is probably one of Marius ' of 103 BC . Broughton dated the praetorship to 92 BC , with the quaestorship falling towards the beginning of the 90s BC . Brennan has dated the praetorship to the beginning of the decade . Caesar died suddenly in 85 BC , in Rome , while putting on his shoes one morning . Another Caesar , possibly his father , had died similarly in Pisa . His father had seen to his education by one of the best orators of Rome , Marcus Antonius Gnipho . In his will , he left Caesar the bulk of his estate , but after Marius 's faction had been defeated in the civil war of the 80s BC , this inheritance was confiscated by the dictator Sulla . ", "Marcus Junius Brutus -LRB- -LSB- ˈbruːtəs -RSB- 85 BC -- 23 October 42 BC -RRB- , often referred to as Brutus , was a politician of the late Roman Republic . After being adopted by his uncle he used the name Quintus Servilius Caepio Brutus , but eventually returned to using his original name . He took a leading role in the assassination of Julius Caesar . Brutus was close to General Julius Caesar , the leader of the Populares faction . However , Caesar 's attempts to assume greater power for himself put him at greater odds with the Roman elite and members of the Senate . Brutus eventually came to oppose Caesar and fought with the Optimate faction , led by Pompey the Great , against Caesar 's forces in Caesar 's Civil War . Pompey was defeated at the Battle of Pharsalus in 48 B.C. , after which Brutus surrendered to Caesar , who granted him amnesty . However , the underlying political tensions which led to the war had not been resolved . Due to Caesar 's increasingly monarchical behavior , several senators , calling themselves `` Liberators '' , plotted to assassinate him . They recruited Brutus , who took a leading role in the assassination , which was carried out successfully on March 15 , 44 B.C. . The Senate , at the request of the Consul Mark Antony , granted amnesty to the assassins . However , a populist uprising forced Brutus and his brother-in-law , fellow assassin Gaius Cassius Longinus , to leave the City of Rome . In 43 B.C. , Caesar 's grandnephew , Consul Gaius Octavian Caesar , immediately after taking office , passed a resolution declaring the conspirators , including Brutus , murderers . This led to the Liberators ' civil war , pitting the erstwhile supporters of Caesar , under the Second Triumvirate , wishing both to gain power for themselves and avenge his death , against those who opposed him . Octavian combined his troops with those of Antony , and together they decisively defeated the outnumbered armies of Brutus and Cassius at the Battle of Philippi in October 42 B.C. . After the battle , Brutus committed suicide . ", "Publius Sestius was a Roman senator in the 1st century BC . He was a praetor in 53 BC , as well as a friend and ally of Cicero , by whom he was defended in 56 BC . Upon the outbreak of Caesar 's Civil War he joined the party of Pompey , having become the governor of Cilicia . According to Plutarch 's Life of Brutus he was accompanied by Marcus Brutus to his province , but Sestius subsequently went over to Caesar , who sent him into Cappadocia in 48 BC . ", "Lucius Quinctius -LRB- born c. 124 BC -RRB- was a politician of the late Roman Republic . A homo novus associated with the populares , he was tribune of the plebs in 74 BC and praetor in 67 BC . Quinctius is characterised by Cicero as a man well fitted to speak in public assemblies -LRB- Cic . Brut . 62 -RRB- . He distinguished himself by his violent opposition to the constitutional reforms of Lucius Cornelius Sulla , and endeavoured to regain for the tribunes the power of which they had been deprived . The unpopularity excited against the judges by the general belief that they had been bribed by Cluentius to condemn Oppianicus , was of service to Quinctius in attacking another of Sulla 's measures , by which the judges were taken exclusively from the senatorial order . Quinctius warmly espoused the cause of Oppianicus , constantly asserted his innocence , and raised the flame of popular indignation to such a height , that Junius , who had presided at the trial , was obliged to retire from public life . Quinctius , however , was not strong enough to obtain the repeal of any of Sulla 's laws . The consul Lucullus opposed him vigorously in public , and induced him , by persuasion in private , says Plutarch , to abandon his attempts . It is not improbable that the aristocracy made use of the powerful persuasion of money to keep him quiet . In 68 BC Quinctius was praetor , perhaps because of Crassus 's support . He took his revenge upon his old enemy Lucullus , by inducing the senate to send him a successor in his province , although he had , according to a statement of Sallust , received money from Lucullus to prevent the appointment of a successor . ", "Benjamin Julius Caesar -LRB- born 12 March 1797 at Peper Harrow , Surrey ; died 1867 at Guildford , Surrey -RRB- was an English professional cricketer who played first-class cricket from 1824 to 1830 . He was mainly associated with Godalming Cricket Club and Surrey and made 11 known appearances in first-class matches . He was the father of Julius Caesar . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "Gray_Matters", "A_Pleasant_Shade_of_Gray", "Inland_-LRB-Jars_of_Clay_album-RRB-", "Stripped_-LRB-Macy_Gray_album-RRB-", "Gray's_Pottery" ]

[ "Gray Matters is a 2006 romantic comedy film directed by Sue Kramer , starring Heather Graham , Tom Cavanagh and Bridget Moynahan . It premiered on October 21 , 2006 at the Hamptons International Film Festival and had a United States limited theatrical release on February 23 , 2007 . ", "A Pleasant Shade of Gray is a concept album by the progressive metal group Fates Warning , released in 1997 . It contains one song divided into twelve parts and is noted for its darker mood and more progressive style . ", "Inland is the eleventh full-length studio album by rock band Jars of Clay , which was released on August 27 , 2013 by Gray Matters label . The album was produced by Tucker Martine at Flora Recording & Playback in Portland , Oregon . The album has seen significant charting successes , and has garnered critical acclamation . ", "Stripped is an album recorded by American singer/songwriter Macy Gray . Released on September 9 , 2016 , `` Stripped '' is her tenth album and her first jazz recording . The album debuted at No. 3 on the Billboard Jazz Albums chart . ", "Gray 's Pottery , also spelled as Grays Pottery and formally known as A.E. Gray Ltd. was a British pottery company based in Hanley , Staffordshire , later Stoke-upon-Trent , which existed until it was taken over by Portmeirion Pottery in 1960 . The company was founded by , and named after , Albert Edward Gray -LRB- 1871-1959 -RRB- . Gray 's business began in Stoke-upon-Trent -LRB- one of the six towns of the City of Stoke-on-Trent -RRB- in 1907 and became a production operation in Mayer Street , Hanley , Stoke-on-Trent by 1912 . It returned to Stoke-upon-Trent in 1933 and ceased by 1962 . The company , which was noted particularly for the quality of its design in the 1920s and 1930s , took part in every British Industries Fair that was held between 1915 and 1951 . Notable employees of the company include Susie Cooper , who worked for Gray 's in the 1920s . She stayed with the company until her 27th birthday in 1929 , when she left the company in order to set up her own business . Samuel -LRB- Clyde -RRB- Talbot succeeded Miss Cooper as the company 's Art Director around 1930 , remaining until 1959 . He gained national recognition on the National Register of Industrial Art Designers alongside other notable ceramic designers such as Reco Capey , Michael Cardew , Keith Murray , Eric Ravillious and Victor Skellern as well as Susie Cooper . " ]

[ 1, 0, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Yvonne_Strahovski", "Yvonne_Andersson", "Anouk_Aimée", "Fiona_Corke", "Louise_Fletcher" ]

[ "Yvonne Jaqueline Strzechowski -LRB- born 30 July 1982 -RRB- , known professionally as Yvonne Strahovski -LRB- -LSB- strəˈhɒvski -RSB- -RRB- , is an Australian actress . She is best known for her roles as CIA Agent Sarah Walker in the NBC series Chuck -LRB- 2007 -- 2012 -RRB- , Hannah McKay in the Showtime series Dexter -LRB- 2012 -- 2013 -RRB- and CIA Agent Kate Morgan in the Fox limited event television series 24 : Live Another Day -LRB- 2014 -RRB- . Strahovski 's other notable works include Lego : The Adventures of Clutch Powers -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , Killer Elite -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , I , Frankenstein -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , The Astronaut Wives Club -LRB- 2015 -RRB- , and Manhattan Night -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . She has also voiced Miranda Lawson in the Mass Effect video game series and Batwoman in the animated film Batman : Bad Blood -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . ", "Yvonne Andersson , born 1951 , is a Swedish Christian democratic politician . She was especially active in academic debates . She has been a member of the Riksdag from 1998 to 2014 . ", "Anouk Aimée -LRB- -LSB- anuk ɛme -RSB- ; born 27 April 1932 -RRB- is a French film actress , who has appeared in 70 films since 1947 , having begun her film career at age 14 . In her early years she studied acting and dance besides her regular education . Although the majority of her films were French , she also made a number of films in Spain , Great Britain , Italy and Germany , along with some American productions . Among her films are Federico Fellini 's La Dolce Vita -LRB- 1960 -RRB- , after which she was considered a `` rising star who exploded '' onto the film world . She subsequently acted in Fellini 's 8 1/2 -LRB- 1963 -RRB- , Jacques Demy 's Lola -LRB- 1961 -RRB- , George Cukor 's Justine -LRB- 1969 -RRB- , Bernardo Bertolucci 's Tragedy of a Ridiculous Man -LRB- 1981 -RRB- and Robert Altman 's Prêt à Porter -LRB- 1994 -RRB- . She won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress - Motion Picture Drama and the BAFTA Award for Best Actress and was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress for her acting in A Man and a Woman -LRB- 1966 -RRB- . The film `` virtually reignited the lush on-screen romance in an era of skeptical modernism , '' and brought her international fame . She won the Award for Best Actress at the 1980 Cannes Film Festival . In 2002 she received an honorary César Award , France 's national film award . She was noted for her `` striking features '' and beauty , and considered `` one of the hundred sexiest stars in film history , '' according to a 1995 poll conducted by Empire Magazine . Her acting style often portrays a femme fatale , with a melancholy aura . In the 1960s , Life magazine wrote that `` after each picture her enigmatic beauty lingered '' in the memories of her audience , and called her `` the Left Bank 's most beautiful resident . '' ", "Fiona Corke -LRB- born 24 September 1961 in Melbourne -RRB- is an Australian actress best known for her role as Gail Robinson on the Australian soap opera Neighbours . ", "Estelle Louise Fletcher -LRB- born July 22 , 1934 -RRB- is an Academy Award-winning , American film and television actress . She initially debuted in the television series Yancy Derringer in 1958 . Also in 1959 she played a young mother on the TV series `` Wagon Train '' in , `` The Andrew Hale Story '' , before being cast in Robert Altman 's Thieves Like Us -LRB- 1974 -RRB- . The following year , Fletcher gained international recognition for her performance as Nurse Ratched in the 1975 film One Flew over the Cuckoo 's Nest , for which she won the Academy Award for Best Actress , BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role and Golden Globe Award for Best Actress . She became only the third actress to win an Academy Award , BAFTA Award and Golden Globe Award for a single performance , after Audrey Hepburn and Liza Minnelli . Other notable film roles include Exorcist II : The Heretic -LRB- 1977 -RRB- , Brainstorm -LRB- 1983 -RRB- , Firestarter -LRB- 1984 -RRB- , Flowers in the Attic -LRB- 1987 -RRB- , 2 Days in the Valley -LRB- 1996 -RRB- , and Cruel Intentions -LRB- 1999 -RRB- . Later into her career , Fletcher returned to television , appearing as Vedek and later Kai Winn Adami in Star Trek : Deep Space Nine , as well as receiving Emmy nominations for her guest-starring roles in Picket Fences and Joan of Arcadia . Most recently , Fletcher has appeared in a recurring role on the Showtime television series Shameless in 2011 and 2012 , as Frank Gallagher 's foul-mouthed and hard-living mother who is serving a prison sentence for manslaughter . " ]

[ 1, 0, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "William_Cohen", "Melville_Shyer", "Albert_Vorspan", "Alexander_Nderitu", "Henry_Cohen_-LRB-civil_servant-RRB-" ]

[ "William Sebastian Cohen -LRB- born August 28 , 1940 -RRB- is an American politician and author from the U.S. state of Maine . A Republican , Cohen served as both a member of the United States House of Representatives and Senate , and as Secretary of Defense -LRB- 1997 -- 2001 -RRB- under Democratic President Bill Clinton . ", "Melville Jacob Shyer -LRB- September 28 , 1895 -- September 14 , 1968 -RRB- was an American film director , screenwriter and producer and one of the founders of the Directors Guild of America . His career spanned over 50 years , during which he worked with Mack Sennett and D. W. Griffith . Shyer was born in Chattanooga , Tennessee , the son of Hattie -LRB- Schwarzenberg -RRB- and Charles Richard Shyer . His family was of German Jewish background . His son is writer and director Charles Shyer . ", "Albert Vorspan -LRB- born February 12 , 1924 in Saint Paul , Minnesota -RRB- is an American author and long-time leader of Reform Judaism . He is director emeritus of the Commission on Social Action of Reform Judaism . and served as senior vice president of the Union of American Hebrew Congregations , the predecessor organization of the Union of Reform Judaism , at the time of his retirement in 1993 . In 1966 , his criticism of the war in Vietnam was condemned by Sen. Thomas J. Dodd , a member of the Senate Subcommittee on Internal Security , as reflecting `` a vociferous minority '' rather than mainstream Jewish opinion . In 1988 , at the outbreak of the first Palestinian intifada , he criticized Israeli government policy . In a series of diary entries published in the New York Times Magazine , he wrote , `` Whether we accept it or not , every night 's television news confirms it : Israelis now seem the oppressors , Palestinians the victims . '' In response , Malcolm Hoenlein , executive vice chairman of the Conference of Presidents of Major American Organizations , accused him of `` too much public posturing and too little private discourse . '' ", "Alexander Nderitu is a Kenyan e-novelist , scriptwriter and Internet Technologist . He has also expressed interest in fashion design , music production and filmed entertainment . He is a signatory to the PEN Charter . Nderitu was born Alex N Nderitu in Nyeri , Kenya , on 23 April , 1979 . This also happens to be William Shakespeare 's birthday -LRB- 23 April , 1564 -RRB- . A voracious reader of books from a young age he always aspired to be a career writer . Coming to Nairobi city in 2001 , he worked as a movie reviewer and later as an Internet technologist . Having a background in IT , he explored Internet options for literature . In November 2002 , he became Africa 's first digital novelist with the Internet publication of his signature thriller , When the Whirlwind Passes . Initially a free download on his website , it remains Africa 's most-downloaded novel . In 2004 , he was nominated for the Douglas Coupland Short Story Award for his tragic spy story , Life as a Flower . In late 2007 , Nderitu won a Theatre Company prize for his humorous stage play , Hannah and the Angel.The play , performed an actors ' group called `` Fire By Ten , '' debuted at the Phoenix Theatre in Nairobi on Sunday 11 November 2007 . Nderitu has posted numerous poems on the Internet , some of which have also appeared in local -LRB- Kenyan -RRB- newspapers and in a VoicesNet poetry anthology . His other works include The Patriots Club , a thriller about arms smuggling ; What 's Wrong With This Picture ? , a stage play about the Hollywood film-making industry . ", "Henry Cohen -LRB- 1922 -- 1999 -RRB- was appointed in 1946 the director of Föhrenwald , the third-largest Displaced Persons camp in the American sector of post-World War II Germany . A native of New York City and a child of Jewish immigrants from Lithuania , Cohen was a graduate of City College of New York . During World War II , he served as an infantryman in the U.S. Army . He later served as research director of the New York City Planning Department and as Deputy City Administrator under Mayor Robert F. Wagner , Jr. . Later , he was First Deputy Administrator of the New York Human Resources Administration under Mayor John Lindsay . After leaving the city government , Cohen became the founding Dean of the Milano School for Management and Urban Policy at The New School . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Norman_Bates", "Psycho_-LRB-novel-RRB-", "Marion_Crane", "Simon_Bates", "Al_Norman" ]

[ "Norman Bates is a fictional character created by Robert Bloch as the main antagonist in his 1959 novel Psycho , and portrayed by Anthony Perkins in the 1960 film of the same name directed by Alfred Hitchcock and its sequels , and by Freddie Highmore in the television series Bates Motel . The character was inspired by Wisconsin murderer Ed Gein . ", "Psycho -LRB- 1959 -RRB- is a suspense novel by Robert Bloch . The story was adapted into Alfred Hitchcock 's seminal 1960 film of the same name . Bloch later wrote two sequels , which are unrelated to any of the film-sequels . ", "Marion Crane -LRB- also called Mary Crane -RRB- is a fictional character created by Robert Bloch in his 1959 novel Psycho , and portrayed by Janet Leigh in the 1960 film of the same name directed by Alfred Hitchcock . She is also portrayed by Rihanna in the television series Bates Motel -LRB- 2017 -RRB- which reboots the Psycho franchise . ", "Simon Philip Bates -LRB- born 17 December 1946 in Birmingham -RRB- is an English disc jockey and radio presenter . Between 1976 and 1993 he worked at BBC Radio 1 , presenting the station 's weekday mid-morning show for most of this period . He later became a regular presenter on Classic FM . He hosted the breakfast show on Smooth Radio from January 2011 until March 2014 , and took on the same role at BBC Radio Devon from January 2015 . ", "Al Norman is the founder of Sprawl-Busters , a noted anti-sprawl activism organization . He achieved national notice in 1993 during a protracted battle to prevent a Wal-Mart store from being opened in Greenfield , Massachusetts . Norman is the author of three books The Case Against Wal-Mart -LRB- 2004 -RRB- and Slam-Dunking Wal-Mart ! -LRB- 1999 -RRB- about grassroots activism fighting retail development . His most recent book is Occupy Walmart , published in May 2012 a collection of essays published on The Huffington Post . Norman has appeared on 60 Minutes , Nightline , The Osgood File , and in hundreds of local newspapers across the nation . Forbes magazine called Norman `` Wal-Mart 's # 1 enemy . '' His work has been featured in such documentaries as `` The High Cost of Low Prices '' , `` Store Wars '' , `` Wal-Mart Nation '' , and `` Talking to the Wal '' . Norman says that over the past two decades he has helped stopped more big box projects than any other person on the globe . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ]

[ "Woodrow_Wilson", "Sol_Leshinsky", "John_G._Wilson", "Joash_Woodrow", "Sydney_Donkin" ]

[ "Thomas Woodrow Wilson -LRB- December 28 , 1856 -- February 3 , 1924 -RRB- was an American politician and academic who served as the 28th President of the United States from 1913 to 1921 . A member of the Democratic Party , Wilson served as the President of Princeton University from 1902 to 1910 and as Governor of New Jersey from 1911 to 1913 . Wilson 's victory in the 1912 presidential election made him the first Southerner elected to the presidency since Zachary Taylor in 1848 , and Wilson became a leading force in the Progressive Movement . He also led the United States during World War I , establishing an activist foreign policy known as `` Wilsonianism . '' He was a major leader at the Paris Peace Conference in 1919 , where he championed the proposed League of Nations . However , he was unable to obtain Senate approval for U.S. membership . He suffered debilitating strokes in September 1919 ; after that his wife and staff handled most of his presidential duties . Born in Staunton , Virginia , he spent his early years in Augusta , Georgia and Columbia , South Carolina . His father was a leading Presbyterian in the Confederacy during the Civil War , and Wilson was always a devout Presbyterian and a proud Southerner . He took a law degree and then one of the first PhDs in political science awarded by Johns Hopkins University . He served as a professor and scholar at various institutions before being selected as President of Princeton University , a position he held from 1902 to 1910 . Wilson became a notable academic , arguing for the superiority of the parliamentary system . He was associated with Grover Cleveland and the conservative Bourbon Democrats until 1910 , when he moved left . With the help of state Democratic bosses , Wilson won the 1910 Democratic nomination for governor of New Jersey , and was elected as a fresh reformer , holding office from 1911 to 1913 . He overthrew the same bosses and gained a national reputation . He won the 1912 Democratic presidential nomination after forty-six rounds of balloting , with support from William Jennings Bryan . Former President Theodore Roosevelt 's third party candidacy split the Republican Party , which re-nominated incumbent President William Howard Taft . Wilson won the 1912 election with a plurality of the popular vote and a large majority in the electoral college . Leading the Congress that was now in Democratic hands , he oversaw the passage of progressive legislative policies unparalleled until the New Deal in 1933 . The Federal Reserve Act , Federal Trade Commission Act , the Clayton Antitrust Act , and the Federal Farm Loan Act were some of these new policies . Having taken office one month after ratification of the Sixteenth Amendment , Wilson called a special session of Congress , whose work culminated in the Revenue Act of 1913 , introducing an income tax and lowering tariffs . Through passage of the Adamson Act that imposed an 8-hour workday for railroads , he averted a railroad strike and an ensuing economic crisis . Upon the outbreak of World War I in 1914 , Wilson maintained a policy of neutrality , while pursuing a more aggressive policy in dealing with Mexico 's civil war . Wilson staffed his government with Southern Democrats who implemented racial segregation at the Treasury , Navy and other Federal offices . In the presidential election of 1916 , Wilson faced former New York Governor Charles Evans Hughes . By a narrow margin , he became the first Democrat since Andrew Jackson elected to two consecutive terms . In April 1917 , when Germany had resumed unrestricted submarine warfare and sent the Zimmermann Telegram , Wilson asked Congress to declare war in order to make `` the world safe for democracy . '' The United States conducted military operations alongside the Allies , although without a formal alliance . During the war , Wilson focused on diplomacy and financial considerations , leaving military strategy to the generals , especially General John J. Pershing . Through the Selective Service Act , conscription sent 10,000 freshly trained soldiers to France per day by the summer of 1918 . On the home front , he raised income taxes , borrowing billions of dollars through the public 's purchase of Liberty Bonds . He set up the War Industries Board , promoted labor union cooperation , regulated agriculture and food production through the Lever Act , and took direct control of the nation 's railroad system . Wilson asked Congress for what became the Espionage Act of 1917 and the Sedition Act of 1918 , suppressing anti-draft activists . The crackdown was intensified by his Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer to include expulsion of non-citizen radicals during the First Red Scare of 1919 -- 1920 . Early in 1918 , Wilson issued his principles for an end to the war , the Fourteen Points , and in 1919 , following an armistice , he traveled to Paris , promoting the formation of a League of Nations and concluding the Treaty of Versailles . Following his return from Europe , Wilson embarked on a nationwide tour in 1919 to campaign for the treaty , but suffered a severe stroke . The treaty was met with serious concern by Senate Republicans , and the Senate ultimately rejected the treaty . Due to his stroke , Wilson secluded himself in the White House , disability having diminished his power and influence , and he failed in his bid to win re-nomination at the 1920 Democratic National Convention . Wilson retired at the end of his presidency , and he died in 1924 . ", "Solomon Aaron Leschinsky -LRB- March 27 , 1908 -- January 26 , 1985 -RRB- was an American inventor . He was born in Montreal , Canada to Jewish parents originally from a region near Odessa , Russian Empire . Growing up in Bienfait , Hirsch and Estevan , Saskatchewan , he showed precocity as a mathematician and received his doctorate from the University of Toronto , writing a dissertation on the theory of numbers . He worked as a statistician and economist for the U.S. State Department and for the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration -LRB- UNRRA -RRB- . He was also a member of the Washington Chapter of American Peace Mobilization . In 1942 , he worked for the Select Committee Investigating National Defense Migration of the U.S. House of Representatives called the Tolan Committee . In 1947 , he moved out of Washington , D.C. to a farm in Virginia . After farming for eight years , he moved to Los Angeles , California and purchased a furniture factory . He became an inventor and product developer , and successfully manufactured the Tyne-Tot Weaning Cup , a plastic cup designed for babies . He died in Los Angeles , aged 76 . Category : Canadian emigrants to the United States Category : American inventors Category : Jewish American scientists Category : Russian inventors Category : American people of Russian descent Category :1908 births Category :1985 deaths Category : Jewish inventors Category : People from Montreal Category : University of Toronto alumni ", "John Guy Wilson -LRB- 1842 -- 1892 -RRB- was a Manchester , UK patent agent and the founder of Wilson Gunn , one of the oldest firms of Patent and Trade Mark Attorneys in the UK . John G. Wilson built up the business until his death in the 1890s . As a side line he acted as agent to the Alliance Insurance Company . There is no record that Mr. Wilson ever became a member of the Chartered Institute of Patent Agents . An extract from a Manchester trade journal of the time is shown below : Mr. John G. Wilson , Practical Mechanical Engineer , Draughtsman , and Patent Agent , 55 Market Street -- To the inventor and man of genius labouring to bring out some important creation of his own ingenuity , there is no more important institution than the Patent Office and Registry of Designs , where he can protect and make secure the results of his labours . At the offices of Mr. John G. Wilson is established the British and Foreign Patent Office , Trade Marks and Designs Registry . Mr. Wilson , having had twenty-five years ' experience in this business , is able to decide or advise upon the practical utility or otherwise of any invention , thus saving intending patentees an immense amount of time and money . As a practical mechanical engineer , Mr. John G. Wilson enjoys a high reputation in this city , and has a large practice . The business of his firm in connection with British and foreign patents extends to all parts of the world . He has had a long and honourable connection with this city , and possesses the esteem and confidence of a very extensive and valuable connection . ", "Joash Woodrow -LRB- April 6 , 1927 -- February 15 , 2006 -RRB- was a reclusive English artist . Woodrow was born in Leeds , West Yorkshire , of Polish-Jewish parents , and was one of eight siblings . He studied at Leeds College of Art , and from 1950 to 1953 at the Royal College of Art , where his contemporaries included Peter Blake and Frank Auerbach . Shortly after graduating , Woodrow became ill and returned to his parents ' home in Chapel Allerton , where he would remain for much of his life . From this time onwards , and virtually unknown to the wider art establishment , he painted prolifically ; over seven hundred paintings , including numerous large works and 3,500 drawings and sketches . In 2000 he became too ill to cope with living on his own and was moved to sheltered accommodation . As part of a clearance of the artists house , his extensive collection of art books were bought by a local bookshop . Nine of the books contained drawings by Joash and these were discovered by the Leeds artist Christopher Wood who in turn showed the book he had bought to art dealer Andrew Stewart . On a follow up visit to the bookshop Stewart bought the remaining books with drawings and visited the artists house the following day , where he discovered a vast collection of previously unseen paintings and drawings spanning a period of more than fifty years . Woodrow occasionally worked on unusual materials -- some oil paintings were produced on improvised canvasses of hessian from coal sacks , or cardboard boxes . The first exhibition of his work was held at 108 Fine Art in Harrogate in 2001 , followed by public art gallery retrospectives in Leeds , Manchester and the Royal College of Art in October 2005 . Other solo exhibitions have been held at The Fine Art Society London , Leeds Metropolitan University Art Gallery , Hull University Art Gallery , Liverpool University Art Gallery and at The Pannet Art Gallery , Whitby . His story has attracted considerable press interest , and was covered in The Sunday Times , The Times and Spectator magazine as well as the Yorkshire Post and Whitby Gazette . In October 2009 thirty of his paintings were shown at The Fine Art Society , London . His work can be found in several major private and public art collections including Leeds City Art Gallery ; The Stanley and Audrey Burton Art Gallery at The University of Leeds ; Manchester Art Gallery ; Ben Uri Gallery , London ; and The University of Hull 's art gallery . A play based on the artist 's life story was produced by Liz Postlethwaite and successfully toured the North of England in 2013 . Woodrow died in a Manchester hospital in February 2006 . Joash Woodrow is represented by 108 Fine Art , Harrogate ", "Sydney Bryan Donkin -LRB- 24 June 1871 -- 12 November 1952 -RRB- was a British civil engineer . His parents were Bryan Donkin Junior and Georgina Dillon . Donkin was educated at University College , London before beginning work for Sulzer Brothers , mechanical engineers , later the Sulzer company . Whilst based at this company 's headquarters in Switzerland he became interested in Alpine climbing and spent much of his spare time climbing the nearby peaks . He was a founding member of the Climbers ' Club and served on their committee in 1908 and later as vice-president and president . He later became an assistant to Alexander Kennedy , the electrical engineer , and worked on several large hydro-electric dams including the first Lower Aswan Dam and the Owen Falls Dam . He also sat on the general board of the National Physical Laboratory , as chairman of the Association of Consulting Engineers , president of the Association of Supervisory Electrical Engineers , president of the Institution of Civil Engineers -LRB- ICE -RRB- and president of the Smeatonian Society of Civil Engineers . He was a proponent of social housing and built the first houses for the ICE Benevolent fund at Haywards Heath . " ]

[ 0, 2, 0, 0, 1 ]

[ "A_Good_Day_to_Die_Hard", "Live_Free_or_Die_Hard", "Die_Hard", "John_McClane", "Color_of_Night" ]

[ "A Good Day to Die Hard is a 2013 American action thriller film and the fifth installment in the Die Hard film series . The film was directed by John Moore and written by Skip Woods , and stars Bruce Willis as John McClane . The main plot finds McClane travelling to Russia to get his estranged son , Jack , an undercover CIA agent , out of prison . He is soon caught in the crossfire of a global terrorist plot . Alongside Willis , the film also stars Jai Courtney , Cole Hauser , Yuliya Snigir and Sebastian Koch as the film 's villain . Talks of a fifth Die Hard film began before the release of the fourth installment , Live Free or Die Hard , with Willis affirming that the latter would not be the last in the series , but pre-production did not start until September 2011 , when John Moore was officially announced as the director . Filming began in April 2012 , primarily in Budapest , Hungary . A Good Day to Die Hard premiered in Los Angeles on January 31 , 2013 , coinciding with the unveiling of a Die Hard mural at the Fox Lot , and was released in certain East and Southeast Asian countries on February 7 and in the United States and Canada on February 13 . It is the first Die Hard film to use Dolby Atmos Surround Mixing and the first to also be released in IMAX theaters . Unlike the previous films , A Good Day to Die Hard was a critical failure , receiving overwhelmingly negative reviews which cited implausible action sequences , a cliched script , a weak plot , Moore 's direction , and a lack of characterization , although the special effects were praised . It is the first film produced by TSG Entertainment , since distributor 20th Century Fox 's departure from Dune Entertainment upon the completion of their distribution contract at the end of 2012 . A sequel entitled Die Hard : Year One was confirmed to be in works while also intended to be an origin story of John McClane . ", "Live Free or Die Hard -LRB- released as Die Hard 4.0 outside North America -RRB- is a 2007 American action film , and the fourth installment in the Die Hard film series . The film was directed by Len Wiseman and stars Bruce Willis as John McClane . The film 's name was adapted from New Hampshire 's state motto , `` Live Free or Die '' . McClane is attempting to stop cyber terrorists who hack into government and commercial computers across the United States with the goal to start a `` fire sale '' of financial assets . The film was based on the 1997 article `` A Farewell to Arms '' written for Wired magazine by John Carlin . The film was released in the United States on June 27 , 2007 . The project was initially stalled due to the 9/11 terrorist attacks , and when production eventually began , the film 's title was changed several times . A variety of visual effects were used for action sequences , even though Wiseman and Willis stated that they wanted to limit the amount of CGI in the film . In separate incidents during filming , both Willis and his stunt double were injured . Unlike the prior three films in the series , the U.S. rating was PG-13 rather than R . An unrated version contained more strong profanity and violence not shown in the theatrical version , and was included in the DVD release . Reviews were positive with an 82 % approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes and a 69/100 score from Metacritic . The film earned total international box office gross receipts of $ 383.4 million , making it the highest-grossing film in the Die Hard series . It debuted at # 2 at the U.S. box office . For the DVD release , 20th Century Fox pioneered a new kind of DRM , Digital Copy protection that tries to weaken the incentives for consumers to learn how to rip discs by offering them a downloadable version with studio-imposed restrictions . The score for the film was released on July 2 , 2007 . The fifth film in the series , titled A Good Day to Die Hard , was released on February 14 , 2013 . ", "Die Hard is a 1988 American action film directed by John McTiernan and written by Steven E. de Souza and Jeb Stuart . It follows off-duty New York City Police Department officer John McClane -LRB- Bruce Willis -RRB- as he takes on a group of highly organized criminals led by Hans Gruber -LRB- Alan Rickman -RRB- , who perform a heist in a Los Angeles skyscraper under the guise of a terrorist attack using hostages , including McClane 's wife Holly -LRB- Bonnie Bedelia -RRB- , to keep the police at bay . It is based on Roderick Thorp 's 1979 novel Nothing Lasts Forever , the sequel to 1966 's The Detective , which was adapted into a 1968 film of the same name that starred Frank Sinatra . Fox was therefore contractually obligated to offer Sinatra the lead role in Die Hard , but he turned it down . The studio then pitched the film to Arnold Schwarzenegger as a sequel to his 1985 action film Commando ; he turned it down , as well , and the studio finally and reluctantly gave it to Willis , then known primarily as a comedic television actor . Made for $ 28 million , Die Hard grossed over $ 140 million theatrically worldwide , and was given a positive reception from critics . The film turned Willis into an action star , became a metonym for an action film in which a lone hero fights overwhelming odds , and has been named one of the best action movies ever made . The film also ranks # 29 on Empires 2008 list of the 500 greatest movies of all time . The film 's success spawned the Die Hard franchise , which includes four sequels -LRB- Die Hard 2 , Die Hard with a Vengeance , Live Free or Die Hard and A Good Day to Die Hard -RRB- , video games , and a comic book . ", "John McClane is the main protagonist of the Die Hard film series . He is portrayed by Bruce Willis . He is known for his sardonic one-liners , including the famous catchphrase `` Yippee-ki-yay , motherfucker '' . ", "Color of Night is a 1994 American erotic mystery thriller film produced by Cinergi Pictures and released in the United States by Hollywood Pictures . Directed by Richard Rush , the film stars Bruce Willis and Jane March . The cast also features Ruben Blades , Lesley Ann Warren , Brad Dourif , Lance Henriksen , Kevin J. O'Connor and Scott Bakula . It is one of two well-known works by director Rush , the other being The Stunt Man 14 years before . Color of Night flopped at the box office and won a Golden Raspberry Award as the worst film of 1994 . Nonetheless , it became one of the 20 most-rented films in the United States home video market in 1995 . Maxim magazine also singled the film out as having the Best Sex Scene in film history . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 0 ]

[ "George_IV_of_the_United_Kingdom", "George_III_of_the_United_Kingdom", "Prince_Frederick,_Duke_of_York_and_Albany", "George_III,_Prince_of_Anhalt-Dessau", "James_Francis_Edward_Stuart" ]

[ "George IV -LRB- George Augustus Frederick ; 12 August 1762 -- 26 June 1830 -RRB- was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and of Hanover following the death of his father , George III , on 29 January 1820 , until his own death ten years later . From 1811 until his accession , he served as Prince Regent during his father 's final mental illness . George IV led an extravagant lifestyle that contributed to the fashions of the Regency era . He was a patron of new forms of leisure , style and taste . He commissioned John Nash to build the Royal Pavilion in Brighton and remodel Buckingham Palace , and Sir Jeffry Wyattville to rebuild Windsor Castle . His charm and culture earned him the title `` the first gentleman of England '' , but his poor relationship with both his father and his wife , Caroline of Brunswick , and his dissolute way of life , earned him the contempt of the people and dimmed the prestige of the monarchy . He even forbade Caroline to attend his coronation and asked the government to introduce the unpopular Pains and Penalties Bill in a desperate , unsuccessful attempt to divorce her . For most of George 's regency and reign , Lord Liverpool controlled the government as Prime Minister , with little help from George . His ministers found his behaviour selfish , unreliable and irresponsible . At all times he was much under the influence of favourites . Taxpayers were angry at his wasteful spending at a time when Britons were fighting in the Napoleonic Wars . He did not provide national leadership in time of crisis , nor act as a role model for his people . Liverpool 's government presided over Britain 's ultimate victory , negotiated the peace settlement , and attempted to deal with the social and economic malaise that followed . After Liverpool 's retirement , George was forced to accept Catholic emancipation despite opposing it . His only child , Princess Charlotte , died before him in 1817 and so he was succeeded by his younger brother , William . ", "George III -LRB- George William Frederick ; 4 June 1738 -- 29 January 1820 -RRB- was King of Great Britain and Ireland from 25 October 1760 until the union of the two countries on 1 January 1801 , after which he was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland until his death . He was concurrently Duke and prince-elector of Brunswick-Lüneburg -LRB- `` Hanover '' -RRB- in the Holy Roman Empire until his promotion to King of Hanover on 12 October 1814 . He was the third British monarch of the House of Hanover , but unlike his two predecessors he was born in Britain , spoke English as his first language , and never visited Hanover . His life and with it his reign , which were longer than any other British monarch before him , were marked by a series of military conflicts involving his kingdoms , much of the rest of Europe , and places farther afield in Africa , the Americas and Asia . Early in his reign , Great Britain defeated France in the Seven Years ' War , becoming the dominant European power in North America and India . However , many of Britain 's American colonies were soon lost in the American War of Independence . Further wars against revolutionary and Napoleonic France from 1793 concluded in the defeat of Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815 . In the later part of his life , George III had recurrent , and eventually permanent , mental illness . Although it has since been suggested that he had the blood disease porphyria , the cause of his illness remains unknown . After a final relapse in 1810 , a regency was established , and George III 's eldest son , George , Prince of Wales , ruled as Prince Regent . On George III 's death , the Prince Regent succeeded his father as George IV . Historical analysis of George III 's life has gone through a `` kaleidoscope of changing views '' that have depended heavily on the prejudices of his biographers and the sources available to them . Until it was reassessed in the second half of the 20th century , his reputation in the United States was one of a tyrant ; and in Britain he became `` the scapegoat for the failure of imperialism '' . ", "The Prince Frederick , Duke of York and Albany -LRB- Frederick Augustus ; 16 August 1763 -- 5 January 1827 -RRB- , a member of the House of Hanover , was the second son and child of King George III , King of Great Britain and Ireland and Elector of Hanover . A soldier by profession , from 1764 to 1803 he was Prince-Bishop of Osnabrück , and from the death of his father in 1820 until his own death in 1827 he was the heir presumptive to his elder brother , King George IV , both to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and the Kingdom of Hanover . However , he died before his brother . Frederick was thrust into the British Army at a very early age and was appointed to high command at the age of thirty , when he was given command of a notoriously ineffectual campaign during the War of the First Coalition , a continental war following the French Revolution . Later , as Commander-in-Chief during the Napoleonic Wars , he oversaw the reorganisation of the British Army , putting in place vital structural , administrative and recruiting reforms for which he is credited with having done `` more for the army than any one man has done for it in the whole of its history . '' ", "George III , Prince of Anhalt-Dessau -LRB- Dessau , 15 August 1507 -- Dessau , 17 October 1553 -RRB- , was a German prince of the House of Ascania and ruler of the principality of Anhalt-Dessau . After 1544 he became the first ruler of the principality of Anhalt-Plötzkau . George was the third -LRB- but second surviving -RRB- son of Ernest I , Prince of Anhalt-Dessau , by his wife Margarete , daughter of Henry I , Duke of Münsterberg-Oels and granddaughter of George of Poděbrady , King of Bohemia . ", "James Francis Edward , Prince of Wales -LRB- 10 June 1688 -- 1 January 1766 -RRB- , nicknamed the Old Pretender , was the son of King James II and VII , the monarch of the three kingdoms of England , Scotland and Ireland , and his second wife Mary of Modena . His Catholic father was deposed in the Glorious Revolution of 1688 only months after his birth , and his Protestant older half-sister , Mary II and her husband William III of Orange became king and queen . The Bill of Rights 1689 and Act of Succession 1701 excluded Catholics from the British throne , and James was raised in exile . After his father 's death in 1701 , James claimed the English , Scottish and Irish thrones as James III of England and Ireland and James VIII of Scotland , in which he was supported by his Jacobite followers and his cousin Louis XIV of France . In 1715 , he unsuccessfully attempted to gain power in Britain during the Jacobite Rising of 1715 . Following his death in 1766 , his oldest son Charles Edward Stuart continued to make these claims pursuant to the Jacobite Succession . " ]

[ 2, 1, 2, 0, 1 ]

[ "George_IV_of_the_United_Kingdom", "George_III_of_the_United_Kingdom", "Prince_Frederick,_Duke_of_York_and_Albany", "George_III,_Prince_of_Anhalt-Dessau", "James_Francis_Edward_Stuart" ]

[ "George IV -LRB- George Augustus Frederick ; 12 August 1762 -- 26 June 1830 -RRB- was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and of Hanover following the death of his father , George III , on 29 January 1820 , until his own death ten years later . From 1811 until his accession , he served as Prince Regent during his father 's final mental illness . George IV led an extravagant lifestyle that contributed to the fashions of the Regency era . He was a patron of new forms of leisure , style and taste . He commissioned John Nash to build the Royal Pavilion in Brighton and remodel Buckingham Palace , and Sir Jeffry Wyattville to rebuild Windsor Castle . His charm and culture earned him the title `` the first gentleman of England '' , but his poor relationship with both his father and his wife , Caroline of Brunswick , and his dissolute way of life , earned him the contempt of the people and dimmed the prestige of the monarchy . He even forbade Caroline to attend his coronation and asked the government to introduce the unpopular Pains and Penalties Bill in a desperate , unsuccessful attempt to divorce her . For most of George 's regency and reign , Lord Liverpool controlled the government as Prime Minister , with little help from George . His ministers found his behaviour selfish , unreliable and irresponsible . At all times he was much under the influence of favourites . Taxpayers were angry at his wasteful spending at a time when Britons were fighting in the Napoleonic Wars . He did not provide national leadership in time of crisis , nor act as a role model for his people . Liverpool 's government presided over Britain 's ultimate victory , negotiated the peace settlement , and attempted to deal with the social and economic malaise that followed . After Liverpool 's retirement , George was forced to accept Catholic emancipation despite opposing it . His only child , Princess Charlotte , died before him in 1817 and so he was succeeded by his younger brother , William . ", "George III -LRB- George William Frederick ; 4 June 1738 -- 29 January 1820 -RRB- was King of Great Britain and Ireland from 25 October 1760 until the union of the two countries on 1 January 1801 , after which he was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland until his death . He was concurrently Duke and prince-elector of Brunswick-Lüneburg -LRB- `` Hanover '' -RRB- in the Holy Roman Empire until his promotion to King of Hanover on 12 October 1814 . He was the third British monarch of the House of Hanover , but unlike his two predecessors he was born in Britain , spoke English as his first language , and never visited Hanover . His life and with it his reign , which were longer than any other British monarch before him , were marked by a series of military conflicts involving his kingdoms , much of the rest of Europe , and places farther afield in Africa , the Americas and Asia . Early in his reign , Great Britain defeated France in the Seven Years ' War , becoming the dominant European power in North America and India . However , many of Britain 's American colonies were soon lost in the American War of Independence . Further wars against revolutionary and Napoleonic France from 1793 concluded in the defeat of Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815 . In the later part of his life , George III had recurrent , and eventually permanent , mental illness . Although it has since been suggested that he had the blood disease porphyria , the cause of his illness remains unknown . After a final relapse in 1810 , a regency was established , and George III 's eldest son , George , Prince of Wales , ruled as Prince Regent . On George III 's death , the Prince Regent succeeded his father as George IV . Historical analysis of George III 's life has gone through a `` kaleidoscope of changing views '' that have depended heavily on the prejudices of his biographers and the sources available to them . Until it was reassessed in the second half of the 20th century , his reputation in the United States was one of a tyrant ; and in Britain he became `` the scapegoat for the failure of imperialism '' . ", "The Prince Frederick , Duke of York and Albany -LRB- Frederick Augustus ; 16 August 1763 -- 5 January 1827 -RRB- , a member of the House of Hanover , was the second son and child of King George III , King of Great Britain and Ireland and Elector of Hanover . A soldier by profession , from 1764 to 1803 he was Prince-Bishop of Osnabrück , and from the death of his father in 1820 until his own death in 1827 he was the heir presumptive to his elder brother , King George IV , both to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and the Kingdom of Hanover . However , he died before his brother . Frederick was thrust into the British Army at a very early age and was appointed to high command at the age of thirty , when he was given command of a notoriously ineffectual campaign during the War of the First Coalition , a continental war following the French Revolution . Later , as Commander-in-Chief during the Napoleonic Wars , he oversaw the reorganisation of the British Army , putting in place vital structural , administrative and recruiting reforms for which he is credited with having done `` more for the army than any one man has done for it in the whole of its history . '' ", "George III , Prince of Anhalt-Dessau -LRB- Dessau , 15 August 1507 -- Dessau , 17 October 1553 -RRB- , was a German prince of the House of Ascania and ruler of the principality of Anhalt-Dessau . After 1544 he became the first ruler of the principality of Anhalt-Plötzkau . George was the third -LRB- but second surviving -RRB- son of Ernest I , Prince of Anhalt-Dessau , by his wife Margarete , daughter of Henry I , Duke of Münsterberg-Oels and granddaughter of George of Poděbrady , King of Bohemia . ", "James Francis Edward , Prince of Wales -LRB- 10 June 1688 -- 1 January 1766 -RRB- , nicknamed the Old Pretender , was the son of King James II and VII , the monarch of the three kingdoms of England , Scotland and Ireland , and his second wife Mary of Modena . His Catholic father was deposed in the Glorious Revolution of 1688 only months after his birth , and his Protestant older half-sister , Mary II and her husband William III of Orange became king and queen . The Bill of Rights 1689 and Act of Succession 1701 excluded Catholics from the British throne , and James was raised in exile . After his father 's death in 1701 , James claimed the English , Scottish and Irish thrones as James III of England and Ireland and James VIII of Scotland , in which he was supported by his Jacobite followers and his cousin Louis XIV of France . In 1715 , he unsuccessfully attempted to gain power in Britain during the Jacobite Rising of 1715 . Following his death in 1766 , his oldest son Charles Edward Stuart continued to make these claims pursuant to the Jacobite Succession . " ]

[ 2, 1, 2, 0, 1 ]

[ "Anxiety_disorder", "Anxiety", "Nightmare", "Anxiety_-LRB-painting-RRB-", "Racing_thoughts" ]

[ "Anxiety disorders are a group of mental disorders characterized by feelings of anxiety and fear . Anxiety is a worry about future events and fear is a reaction to current events . These feelings may cause physical symptoms , such as a fast heart rate and shakiness . There are a number of anxiety disorders : including generalized anxiety disorder , specific phobia , social anxiety disorder , separation anxiety disorder , agoraphobia , panic disorder , and selective mutism . The disorder differs by what results in the symptoms . People often have more than one anxiety disorder . The cause of anxiety disorders is a combination of genetic and environmental factors . Risk factors include a history of child abuse , family history of mental disorders , and poverty . Anxiety disorders often occur with other mental disorders , particularly major depressive disorder , personality disorder , and substance use disorder . To be diagnosed symptoms typically need to be present for at least six months , be more than would be expected for the situation , and decrease functioning . Other problems that may result in similar symptoms including hyperthyroidism ; heart disease ; caffeine , alcohol , or cannabis use ; and withdrawal from certain drugs , among others . Without treatment , anxiety disorders tend to remain . Treatment may include lifestyle changes , counselling , and medications . Counselling is typically with a type of cognitive behavioural therapy . Medications , such as antidepressants or beta blockers , may improve symptoms . About 12 % of people are affected by an anxiety disorder in a given year and between 5-30 % are affected at some point in their life . They occur about twice as often in females as males , and generally begin before the age of 25 . The most common are specific phobia which affects nearly 12 % and social anxiety disorder which affects 10 % at some point in their life . They affect those between the ages of 15 and 35 the most and become less common after the age of 55 . Rates appear to be higher in the United States and Europe . ", "Anxiety is an emotion characterized by an unpleasant state of inner turmoil , often accompanied by nervous behavior , such as pacing back and forth , somatic complaints , and rumination . It is the subjectively unpleasant feelings of dread over anticipated events , such as the feeling of imminent death . Anxiety is not the same as fear , which is a response to a real or perceived immediate threat , whereas anxiety is the expectation of future threat . Anxiety is a feeling of uneasiness and worry , usually generalized and unfocused as an overreaction to a situation that is only subjectively seen as menacing . It is often accompanied by muscular tension , restlessness , fatigue and problems in concentration . Anxiety can be appropriate , but when experienced regularly the individual may suffer from an anxiety disorder . People facing anxiety may withdraw from situations which have provoked anxiety in the past . There are various types of anxiety . Existential anxiety can occur when a person faces angst , an existential crisis , or nihilistic feelings . People can also face mathematical anxiety , somatic anxiety , stage fright , or test anxiety . Social anxiety and stranger anxiety are caused when people are apprehensive around strangers or other people in general . Furthermore , anxiety has been linked with physical symptoms such as IBS and can heighten other mental health illnesses such as OCD and panic disorder . The first step in the management of a person with anxiety symptoms is to evaluate the possible presence of an underlying medical cause , whose recognition is essential in order to decide its correct treatment . Anxiety symptoms may be masking an organic disease , or appear associated or as a result of a medical disorder . Anxiety can be either a short term `` state '' or a long term `` trait '' . Whereas trait anxiety represents worrying about future events , anxiety disorders are a group of mental disorders characterized by feelings of anxiety and fear . Anxiety disorders are partly genetic but may also be due to drug use , including alcohol , caffeine , and benzodiazepines -LRB- which are often prescribed to treat anxiety -RRB- , as well as withdrawal from drugs of abuse . They often occur with other mental disorders , particularly bipolar disorder , eating disorders , major depressive disorder , or certain personality disorders . Common treatment options include lifestyle changes , medication , and therapy . ", "A nightmare , also called a bad dream , is an unpleasant dream that can cause a strong emotional response from the mind , typically fear but also despair , anxiety and great sadness . The dream may contain situations of discomfort , psychological or physical terror or panic . Sufferers often awaken in a state of distress and may be unable to return to sleep for a small period . Nightmares can have physical causes such as sleeping in an uncomfortable or awkward position , having a fever , or psychological causes such as stress , anxiety , and as a side effect of various drugs . Eating before going to sleep , which triggers an increase in the body 's metabolism and brain activity , is a potential stimulus for nightmares . Recurrent nightmares may require medical help , as they can interfere with sleeping patterns and cause insomnia . ", "Anxiety -LRB- Angst -RRB- is an oil-on-canvas painting created by the expressionist artist Edvard Munch in 1894 . It 's currently housed in Munch Museum in Oslo , Norway . Many art critics feel that Anxiety is closely related to Munch 's more famous piece , The Scream . The faces show despair and the dark colors show a depressed state . Many critics also believe it 's meant to show heartbreak and sorrow , which are common emotions all people feel . ", "Racing thoughts refers to the rapid thought patterns that often occur in manic , hypomanic , or mixed episodes . While racing thoughts are most commonly described in people with bipolar disorder and sleep apnea , they are also common with anxiety disorders , OCD , and other psychiatric disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder . Racing thoughts are also associated with sleep deprivation , hyperthyroidism . and the use of amphetamines . " ]

[ 0, 2, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Vatican_City", "Vatican_City_Championship", "Corps_of_Gendarmerie_of_Vatican_City", "Rome", "Palazzo_Alicorni" ]

[ "Vatican City -LRB- -LSB- ˈvætᵻkən_ˈsɪti -RSB- Città del Vaticano -LSB- tʃitˈta ddel vatiˈkaːno -RSB- Civitas Vaticana -RRB- , officially Vatican City State or the State of Vatican City -LRB- -LSB- Stato della Città del Vaticano , links = no -RSB- -LSB- Status Civitatis Vaticanae , links = no -RSB- -RRB- , is a walled enclave within the city of Rome . With an area of approximately 44 hectares -LRB- 110 acres -RRB- , and a population of 1,000 , it is the smallest state in the world by both area and population . However , formally it is not sovereign , with sovereignty being held by the Holy See , the only entity of public international law that has diplomatic relations with almost every country in the world . It is an ecclesiastical or sacerdotal-monarchical state -LRB- a type of theocracy -RRB- ruled by the Bishop of Rome -- the Pope . The highest state functionaries are all Catholic clergy of various national origins . Since the return of the Popes from Avignon in 1377 , they have generally resided at the Apostolic Palace within what is now Vatican City , although at times residing instead in the Quirinal Palace in Rome or elsewhere . Vatican City is distinct from the Holy See -LRB- -LSB- Sancta Sedes , links = no -RSB- -RRB- , which dates back to early Christianity and is the main episcopal see of 1.2 billion Latin and Eastern Catholic adherents around the globe . The independent city-state , on the other hand , came into existence in 1929 by the Lateran Treaty between the Holy See and Italy , which spoke of it as a new creation , not as a vestige of the much larger Papal States -LRB- 756 -- 1870 -RRB- , which had previously encompassed much of central Italy . According to the terms of the treaty , the Holy See has `` full ownership , exclusive dominion , and sovereign authority and jurisdiction '' over the city-state . Within Vatican City are religious and cultural sites such as St. Peter 's Basilica , the Sistine Chapel and the Vatican Museums . They feature some of the world 's most famous paintings and sculptures . The unique economy of Vatican City is supported financially by the sale of postage stamps and tourist mementos , fees for admission to museums , and the sale of publications . ", "The Vatican City Championship -LRB- Campionato della Citta Vaticano -RRB- is the top men 's association football league of Vatican City . Founded in 1972 as the Coppa Amicizia , teams are composed of workers representing various state departments . Teams are permitted to field an outside player from Italian amateur teams to play as goalkeeper . The league 's best players are combined to form the Vatican City national team for rare friendly matches . The Vatican football association , Federazione Vaticanese Giuoco Calcio , is not a member of FIFA and is overseen by its president Domenico Ruggerio as of May 2014 . All matches are played at the Associazione Sportivo La Salle complex in Western Rome , although the larger Campo Cardinale Francis Joseph Spellman served as home until recently . The league has amateur status with matches and training taking place outside of work hours . Matches take place on Mondays and Tuesdays . Equipment and uniforms are occasionally donated by organizations and benefactors with deficits being covered by the Vatican government . The league takes place between October and May each year with a two-month break in December and January . ", "The Gendarmerie Corps of Vatican City State -LRB- Corpo della Gendarmeria dello Stato della Città del Vaticano -RRB- is the gendarmerie , or police and security force , of Vatican City and the extraterritorial properties of the Holy See . The 130-member corps is led by an Inspector General , currently Domenico Giani , who replaced the long-serving Camillo Cibin in June 2006 . ", "Rome -LRB- -LSB- ˈroʊm -RSB- ; Roma -LSB- ˈroː.ma -RSB- , Rōma -RRB- is a special comune -LRB- named Comune di Roma Capitale -RRB- and the capital of Italy . Rome also serves as the capital of the Lazio region . With 2,877,215 residents in 1285 km2 , it is also the country 's largest and most populated comune and fourth-most populous city in the European Union by population within city limits . It is the center of the Metropolitan City of Rome , which has a population of 4.3 million residents . The city is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula , within Lazio -LRB- Latium -RRB- , along the shores of the Tiber . The Vatican City is an independent country geographically located within the city boundaries of Rome , the only existing example of a country within a city : for this reason Rome has been often defined as capital of two states . Rome 's history spans more than 2,500 years . While Roman mythology dates the founding of Rome at only around 753 BC , the site has been inhabited for much longer , making it one of the oldest continuously occupied sites in Europe . The city 's early population originated from a mix of Latins , Etruscans and Sabines . Eventually , the city successively became the capital of the Roman Kingdom , the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire , and is regarded as one of the birthplaces of Western civilisation and by some as the first ever metropolis . It was first called The Eternal City -LRB- Urbs Aeterna La Città Eterna -RRB- by the Roman poet Tibullus in the 1st century BC , and the expression was also taken up by Ovid , Virgil , and Livy . Rome is also called the `` Caput Mundi '' -LRB- Capital of the World -RRB- . After the fall of the Western Empire , which marked the beginning of the Middle Ages , Rome slowly fell under the political control of the Papacy , which had settled in the city since the 1st century AD , until in the 8th century it became the capital of the Papal States , which lasted until 1870 . Beginning with the Renaissance , almost all the popes since Nicholas V -LRB- 1447 -- 55 -RRB- pursued coherently along four hundred years an architectonic and urbanistic programme aimed to make of the city the world 's artistic and cultural centre . Due to that , Rome became first one of the major centres of the Italian Renaissance , and then the birthplace of both the Baroque style and Neoclassicism . Famous artists , painters , sculptors and architects made Rome the centre of their activity , creating masterpieces throughout the city . In 1871 Rome became the capital of the Kingdom of Italy , and in 1946 that of the Italian Republic . Rome has the status of a global city . Rome ranked in 2016 as the 13th-most-visited city in the world , 3rd most visited in the European Union , and the most popular tourist attraction in Italy . Its historic centre is listed by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site . Monuments and museums such as the Vatican Museums and the Colosseum are among the world 's most visited tourist destinations with both locations receiving millions of tourists a year . Rome hosted the 1960 Summer Olympics and is the seat of United Nations ' Food and Agriculture Organization -LRB- FAO -RRB- . The city hosts the headquarters of many international business companies , such as Eni , Enel , TIM and national and international banks as UniCredit and BNL . Its business district , called EUR , is the base of many business companies involved in oil industry , pharmaceutical industry and finance services . So , Rome plays a leading role in the national economy . The city is also an important fashion and design center thanks to international brands such as Fendi , Bulgari , Renato Balestra and Salvatore Ferragamo . Rome 's Cinecittà Studios have been the set of many Academy Award-winning movies . ", "Palazzo Alicorni is a reconstructed Renaissance building in Rome , important for historical and architectural reasons . The palace , originally lying only a few meters away from Bernini 's Colonnades in St. Peter 's square , was demolished in 1930 in the wake of the process of the border definition of the newly established Vatican City state , and rebuilt some hundred meters to the east . According to the stylistic analysis , his designer had been identified as Giovanni Mangone , a Lombard architect active in Rome during the 16th century . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Chinatown_-LRB-1974_film-RRB-", "Chinatown_Nights_-LRB-1938_film-RRB-", "Robert_Towne", "Lee_Lik-chi", "Chicken_and_Duck_Talk" ]

[ "Chinatown is a 1974 American neo-noir mystery film , directed by Roman Polanski from a screenplay by Robert Towne , starring Jack Nicholson and Faye Dunaway . The film was inspired by the California Water Wars , a series of disputes over southern California water at the beginning of the 20th century , by which Los Angeles interests secured water rights in the Owens Valley . The Robert Evans production , a Paramount Pictures release , was the director 's last film in the United States and features many elements of film noir , particularly a multi-layered story that is part mystery and part psychological drama . In 1991 , the film was selected by the Library of Congress for preservation in the United States National Film Registry as being `` culturally , historically or aesthetically significant '' and it is frequently listed as one of the greatest films of all-time . At the 47th Academy Awards , it was nominated for eleven Oscars , with Towne winning Best Original Screenplay . The Golden Globe Awards honored it for Best Drama , Best Director , Best Actor and Best Screenplay . The American Film Institute placed it second among mystery films in 2008 . A sequel , The Two Jakes , was released in 1990 , again starring Nicholson , who also directed , with Robert Towne returning to write the screenplay . The film failed to generate the acclaim of its predecessor . ", "Chinatown Nights is a 1938 British science fiction film directed by Toni Frenguelli and starring Harry Agar Lyons , Anne Grey and Robert Hobbs . ", "Robert Towne -LRB- born Robert Bertram Schwartz ; November 23 , 1934 -RRB- is an American screenwriter , producer , director and actor . He was part of the New Hollywood wave of filmmaking . He is best-known for his Academy Award-winning original screenplay for Roman Polanski 's Chinatown -LRB- 1974 -RRB- , which is widely considered one of the greatest screenplays ever written . He also wrote its sequel The Two Jakes in 1990 , and wrote the Hal Ashby comedy-dramas The Last Detail -LRB- 1973 -RRB- , and Shampoo -LRB- 1975 -RRB- , as well as the first two Mission : Impossible films . Towne has also directed various films such as the sports dramas Personal Best -LRB- 1982 -RRB- , and Without Limits -LRB- 1998 -RRB- , the crime thriller Tequila Sunrise -LRB- 1988 -RRB- , and the romantic crime drama Ask the Dust -LRB- 2006 -RRB- . ", "Lee Lik-chi -LRB- born May 10 , 1961 -RRB- is a Hong Kong-based actor , film director and screenplay writer . He is best known for his collaborations with Stephen Chow . He is also an active contributor to local education , lecturing and organizing filmmaking programs to students . ", "Chicken and Duck Talk is an award-winning 1988 comedy film starring and co-written by Michael Hui . It is directed and co-written by Clifton Ko . The film deals with the conflict that ensues between the proprietor of an old-fashioned roast duck restaurant that is in trouble for health violations and the new fast food chicken restaurant that opens across the street . The film was the highest-grossing Hong Kong film released in 1988 . Hui 's screenplay and performance won him several awards , including a special award given by the American Film Institute in 1989 . The film also includes a celebrity cameo by Sam Hui -LRB- Michael 's younger brother -RRB- , as the master of ceremonies at the grand opening of Danny 's Chicken , and the screen debut of Gloria Yip in a brief appearance as Hui 's son 's school friend . Sam Hui -LRB- as himself -RRB- speaks the title phrase , an idiom for people not understanding each other , to cut his speech short . " ]

[ 2, 0, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Chinatown_-LRB-1974_film-RRB-", "Chinatown_Nights_-LRB-1938_film-RRB-", "Robert_Towne", "Lee_Lik-chi", "Chicken_and_Duck_Talk" ]

[ "Chinatown is a 1974 American neo-noir mystery film , directed by Roman Polanski from a screenplay by Robert Towne , starring Jack Nicholson and Faye Dunaway . The film was inspired by the California Water Wars , a series of disputes over southern California water at the beginning of the 20th century , by which Los Angeles interests secured water rights in the Owens Valley . The Robert Evans production , a Paramount Pictures release , was the director 's last film in the United States and features many elements of film noir , particularly a multi-layered story that is part mystery and part psychological drama . In 1991 , the film was selected by the Library of Congress for preservation in the United States National Film Registry as being `` culturally , historically or aesthetically significant '' and it is frequently listed as one of the greatest films of all-time . At the 47th Academy Awards , it was nominated for eleven Oscars , with Towne winning Best Original Screenplay . The Golden Globe Awards honored it for Best Drama , Best Director , Best Actor and Best Screenplay . The American Film Institute placed it second among mystery films in 2008 . A sequel , The Two Jakes , was released in 1990 , again starring Nicholson , who also directed , with Robert Towne returning to write the screenplay . The film failed to generate the acclaim of its predecessor . ", "Chinatown Nights is a 1938 British science fiction film directed by Toni Frenguelli and starring Harry Agar Lyons , Anne Grey and Robert Hobbs . ", "Robert Towne -LRB- born Robert Bertram Schwartz ; November 23 , 1934 -RRB- is an American screenwriter , producer , director and actor . He was part of the New Hollywood wave of filmmaking . He is best-known for his Academy Award-winning original screenplay for Roman Polanski 's Chinatown -LRB- 1974 -RRB- , which is widely considered one of the greatest screenplays ever written . He also wrote its sequel The Two Jakes in 1990 , and wrote the Hal Ashby comedy-dramas The Last Detail -LRB- 1973 -RRB- , and Shampoo -LRB- 1975 -RRB- , as well as the first two Mission : Impossible films . Towne has also directed various films such as the sports dramas Personal Best -LRB- 1982 -RRB- , and Without Limits -LRB- 1998 -RRB- , the crime thriller Tequila Sunrise -LRB- 1988 -RRB- , and the romantic crime drama Ask the Dust -LRB- 2006 -RRB- . ", "Lee Lik-chi -LRB- born May 10 , 1961 -RRB- is a Hong Kong-based actor , film director and screenplay writer . He is best known for his collaborations with Stephen Chow . He is also an active contributor to local education , lecturing and organizing filmmaking programs to students . ", "Chicken and Duck Talk is an award-winning 1988 comedy film starring and co-written by Michael Hui . It is directed and co-written by Clifton Ko . The film deals with the conflict that ensues between the proprietor of an old-fashioned roast duck restaurant that is in trouble for health violations and the new fast food chicken restaurant that opens across the street . The film was the highest-grossing Hong Kong film released in 1988 . Hui 's screenplay and performance won him several awards , including a special award given by the American Film Institute in 1989 . The film also includes a celebrity cameo by Sam Hui -LRB- Michael 's younger brother -RRB- , as the master of ceremonies at the grand opening of Danny 's Chicken , and the screen debut of Gloria Yip in a brief appearance as Hui 's son 's school friend . Sam Hui -LRB- as himself -RRB- speaks the title phrase , an idiom for people not understanding each other , to cut his speech short . " ]

[ 2, 0, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Boeing_767", "Boeing_787_Dreamliner", "Boeing_X-48", "Airbus_A380", "Continental_Airlines_Flight_11" ]

[ "The Boeing 767 is a mid - to large-size , long-range , wide-body twin-engine jet airliner built by Boeing Commercial Airplanes . It was Boeing 's first wide-body twinjet and its first airliner with a two-crew glass cockpit . The aircraft has two turbofan engines , a conventional tail , and , for reduced aerodynamic drag , a supercritical wing design . Designed as a smaller wide-body airliner than earlier aircraft such as the 747 , the 767 has seating capacity for 181 to 375 people , and a design range of 3850 to , depending on variant . Development of the 767 occurred in tandem with a narrow-body twinjet , the 757 , resulting in shared design features which allow pilots to obtain a common type rating to operate both aircraft . The 767 is produced in three fuselage lengths . The original 767-200 entered service in 1982 , followed by the 767-300 in 1986 and the 767-400ER , an extended-range -LRB- ER -RRB- variant , in 2000 . The extended-range 767-200ER and 767-300ER models entered service in 1984 and 1988 , respectively , while a production freighter version , the 767-300F , debuted in 1995 . Conversion programs have modified passenger 767-200 and 767-300 series aircraft for cargo use , while military derivatives include the E-767 surveillance aircraft , the KC-767 and KC-46 aerial tankers , and VIP transports . Engines featured on the 767 include the General Electric CF6 , Pratt & Whitney JT9D and PW4000 , and Rolls-Royce RB211 turbofans . United Airlines first placed the 767 in commercial service in 1982 . The aircraft was initially flown on domestic and transcontinental routes , during which it demonstrated the reliability of its twinjet design . In 1985 , the 767 became the first twin-engined airliner to receive regulatory approval for extended overseas flights . The aircraft was then used to expand non-stop service on medium - to long-haul intercontinental routes . In 1986 , Boeing initiated studies for a higher-capacity 767 , ultimately leading to the development of the 777 , a larger wide-body twinjet . In the 1990s , the 767 became the most frequently used airliner for transatlantic flights between North America and Europe . The 767 is the first twinjet wide-body type to reach 1,000 aircraft delivered . As of April 2017 , Boeing has received 1,204 orders for the 767 from 74 customers ; 1,098 have been delivered . A total of 742 of these aircraft were in service in July 2016 ; the most popular variant is the 767-300ER , with 583 delivered ; Delta Air Lines is the largest operator , with 91 aircraft . Competitors have included the Airbus A300 , A310 , and A330-200 , while a successor , the 787 Dreamliner , entered service in October 2011 . Despite this , the 767 still remains in production . ", "The Boeing 787 Dreamliner is an American long-haul , mid-size widebody , twin-engine jet airliner made by Boeing Commercial Airplanes . Its variants seat 242 to 335 passengers in typical three-class seating configurations . It is a pioneering airliner with the use of composite materials as the primary material in the construction of its airframe . The 787 was designed to be 20 % more fuel efficient than the Boeing 767 , which it was intended to replace . The 787 Dreamliner 's distinguishing features include mostly electrical flight systems , raked wingtips , and noise-reducing chevrons on its engine nacelles . It shares a common type rating with the larger Boeing 777 to allow qualified pilots to operate both models . The aircraft 's initial designation was the 7E7 , prior to its renaming in January 2005 . The first 787 was unveiled in a roll-out ceremony on July 8 , 2007 at Boeing 's Everett factory . Development and production of the 787 has involved a large-scale collaboration with numerous suppliers worldwide . Final assembly takes place at the Boeing Everett Factory in Everett , Washington , and at the Boeing South Carolina factory in North Charleston , South Carolina . Originally planned to enter service in May 2008 , the project experienced multiple delays . The airliner 's maiden flight took place on December 15 , 2009 , and completed flight testing in mid-2011 . Boeing has reportedly spent $ 32 billion on the 787 program . Final US Federal Aviation Administration -LRB- FAA -RRB- and European Aviation Safety Agency -LRB- EASA -RRB- type certification was received in August 2011 and the first 787-8 was delivered in September 2011 . It entered commercial service on October 26 , 2011 with launch customer All Nippon Airways . The stretched 787-9 variant , which is 20 ft longer and can fly 450 nmi farther than the -8 , first flew in September 2013 . Deliveries of the 787-9 began in July 2014 ; it entered commercial service on August 7 , 2014 with All Nippon Airways , with 787-9 launch customer Air New Zealand following two days later . As of April 2017 , the 787 had orders for 1,213 aircraft from 64 customers , with All Nippon Airways having the largest number on order . The aircraft has suffered from several in-service problems , including fires on board related to its lithium-ion batteries . These systems were reviewed by both the FAA and the Japan Civil Aviation Bureau . The FAA issued a directive in January 2013 that grounded all 787s in the US and other civil aviation authorities followed suit . After Boeing completed tests on a revised battery design , the FAA approved the revised design and lifted the grounding in April 2013 ; the 787 returned to passenger service later that month . ", "The Boeing X-48 is an American experimental unmanned aerial vehicle -LRB- UAV -RRB- built to investigate the characteristics of blended wing body -LRB- BWB -RRB- aircraft , a type of flying wing . Boeing designed the X-48 and two examples were built by Cranfield Aerospace in the UK . Boeing began flight testing the X-48B version for NASA in 2007 . The X-48B was later modified into the X-48C version , which was flight tested from August 2012 to April 2013 . Boeing and NASA plan to develop a larger BWB demonstrator . ", "The Airbus A380 is a double-deck , wide-body , four-engine jet airliner manufactured by European manufacturer Airbus . It is the world 's largest passenger airliner , and the airports at which it operates have upgraded facilities to accommodate it . It was initially named Airbus A3XX and designed to challenge Boeing 's monopoly in the large-aircraft market . The A380 made its first flight on 27 April 2005 and entered commercial service on 25 October 2007 with Singapore Airlines . The A380 's upper deck extends along the entire length of the fuselage , with a width equivalent to a wide-body aircraft . This gives the A380-800 's cabin 550 m2 of usable floor space , 40 % more than the next largest airliner , the Boeing 747-8 , and provides seating for 525 people in a typical three-class configuration or up to 853 people in an all-economy class configuration . The A380-800 has a design range of 15700 km , serving the second - and third-longest non-stop scheduled flights in the world -LRB- as of February 2017 -RRB- , and a cruising speed of Mach 0.85 -LRB- about 900 km/h , 560 mph or 490 kt at cruising altitude -RRB- . , Airbus had received 317 firm orders and delivered 210 aircraft ; Emirates is the biggest A380 customer with 142 ordered of which 94 have been delivered . ", "Continental Airlines Flight 11 , registration N70775 , was a Boeing 707 aircraft which exploded in the vicinity of Centerville , Iowa , while en route from O'Hare Airport , Chicago , Illinois , to Kansas City , Missouri , on May 22 , 1962 . The aircraft crashed in a clover field near Unionville , in Putnam County , Missouri , killing all 45 crew and passengers on board . The investigation determined the cause of the crash was a suicide bombing committed as insurance fraud . The plane had been hijacked to Cuba the previous year as Flight 54 . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Boeing_767", "Boeing_787_Dreamliner", "Boeing_X-48", "Airbus_A380", "Continental_Airlines_Flight_11" ]

[ "The Boeing 767 is a mid - to large-size , long-range , wide-body twin-engine jet airliner built by Boeing Commercial Airplanes . It was Boeing 's first wide-body twinjet and its first airliner with a two-crew glass cockpit . The aircraft has two turbofan engines , a conventional tail , and , for reduced aerodynamic drag , a supercritical wing design . Designed as a smaller wide-body airliner than earlier aircraft such as the 747 , the 767 has seating capacity for 181 to 375 people , and a design range of 3850 to , depending on variant . Development of the 767 occurred in tandem with a narrow-body twinjet , the 757 , resulting in shared design features which allow pilots to obtain a common type rating to operate both aircraft . The 767 is produced in three fuselage lengths . The original 767-200 entered service in 1982 , followed by the 767-300 in 1986 and the 767-400ER , an extended-range -LRB- ER -RRB- variant , in 2000 . The extended-range 767-200ER and 767-300ER models entered service in 1984 and 1988 , respectively , while a production freighter version , the 767-300F , debuted in 1995 . Conversion programs have modified passenger 767-200 and 767-300 series aircraft for cargo use , while military derivatives include the E-767 surveillance aircraft , the KC-767 and KC-46 aerial tankers , and VIP transports . Engines featured on the 767 include the General Electric CF6 , Pratt & Whitney JT9D and PW4000 , and Rolls-Royce RB211 turbofans . United Airlines first placed the 767 in commercial service in 1982 . The aircraft was initially flown on domestic and transcontinental routes , during which it demonstrated the reliability of its twinjet design . In 1985 , the 767 became the first twin-engined airliner to receive regulatory approval for extended overseas flights . The aircraft was then used to expand non-stop service on medium - to long-haul intercontinental routes . In 1986 , Boeing initiated studies for a higher-capacity 767 , ultimately leading to the development of the 777 , a larger wide-body twinjet . In the 1990s , the 767 became the most frequently used airliner for transatlantic flights between North America and Europe . The 767 is the first twinjet wide-body type to reach 1,000 aircraft delivered . As of April 2017 , Boeing has received 1,204 orders for the 767 from 74 customers ; 1,098 have been delivered . A total of 742 of these aircraft were in service in July 2016 ; the most popular variant is the 767-300ER , with 583 delivered ; Delta Air Lines is the largest operator , with 91 aircraft . Competitors have included the Airbus A300 , A310 , and A330-200 , while a successor , the 787 Dreamliner , entered service in October 2011 . Despite this , the 767 still remains in production . ", "The Boeing 787 Dreamliner is an American long-haul , mid-size widebody , twin-engine jet airliner made by Boeing Commercial Airplanes . Its variants seat 242 to 335 passengers in typical three-class seating configurations . It is a pioneering airliner with the use of composite materials as the primary material in the construction of its airframe . The 787 was designed to be 20 % more fuel efficient than the Boeing 767 , which it was intended to replace . The 787 Dreamliner 's distinguishing features include mostly electrical flight systems , raked wingtips , and noise-reducing chevrons on its engine nacelles . It shares a common type rating with the larger Boeing 777 to allow qualified pilots to operate both models . The aircraft 's initial designation was the 7E7 , prior to its renaming in January 2005 . The first 787 was unveiled in a roll-out ceremony on July 8 , 2007 at Boeing 's Everett factory . Development and production of the 787 has involved a large-scale collaboration with numerous suppliers worldwide . Final assembly takes place at the Boeing Everett Factory in Everett , Washington , and at the Boeing South Carolina factory in North Charleston , South Carolina . Originally planned to enter service in May 2008 , the project experienced multiple delays . The airliner 's maiden flight took place on December 15 , 2009 , and completed flight testing in mid-2011 . Boeing has reportedly spent $ 32 billion on the 787 program . Final US Federal Aviation Administration -LRB- FAA -RRB- and European Aviation Safety Agency -LRB- EASA -RRB- type certification was received in August 2011 and the first 787-8 was delivered in September 2011 . It entered commercial service on October 26 , 2011 with launch customer All Nippon Airways . The stretched 787-9 variant , which is 20 ft longer and can fly 450 nmi farther than the -8 , first flew in September 2013 . Deliveries of the 787-9 began in July 2014 ; it entered commercial service on August 7 , 2014 with All Nippon Airways , with 787-9 launch customer Air New Zealand following two days later . As of April 2017 , the 787 had orders for 1,213 aircraft from 64 customers , with All Nippon Airways having the largest number on order . The aircraft has suffered from several in-service problems , including fires on board related to its lithium-ion batteries . These systems were reviewed by both the FAA and the Japan Civil Aviation Bureau . The FAA issued a directive in January 2013 that grounded all 787s in the US and other civil aviation authorities followed suit . After Boeing completed tests on a revised battery design , the FAA approved the revised design and lifted the grounding in April 2013 ; the 787 returned to passenger service later that month . ", "The Boeing X-48 is an American experimental unmanned aerial vehicle -LRB- UAV -RRB- built to investigate the characteristics of blended wing body -LRB- BWB -RRB- aircraft , a type of flying wing . Boeing designed the X-48 and two examples were built by Cranfield Aerospace in the UK . Boeing began flight testing the X-48B version for NASA in 2007 . The X-48B was later modified into the X-48C version , which was flight tested from August 2012 to April 2013 . Boeing and NASA plan to develop a larger BWB demonstrator . ", "The Airbus A380 is a double-deck , wide-body , four-engine jet airliner manufactured by European manufacturer Airbus . It is the world 's largest passenger airliner , and the airports at which it operates have upgraded facilities to accommodate it . It was initially named Airbus A3XX and designed to challenge Boeing 's monopoly in the large-aircraft market . The A380 made its first flight on 27 April 2005 and entered commercial service on 25 October 2007 with Singapore Airlines . The A380 's upper deck extends along the entire length of the fuselage , with a width equivalent to a wide-body aircraft . This gives the A380-800 's cabin 550 m2 of usable floor space , 40 % more than the next largest airliner , the Boeing 747-8 , and provides seating for 525 people in a typical three-class configuration or up to 853 people in an all-economy class configuration . The A380-800 has a design range of 15700 km , serving the second - and third-longest non-stop scheduled flights in the world -LRB- as of February 2017 -RRB- , and a cruising speed of Mach 0.85 -LRB- about 900 km/h , 560 mph or 490 kt at cruising altitude -RRB- . , Airbus had received 317 firm orders and delivered 210 aircraft ; Emirates is the biggest A380 customer with 142 ordered of which 94 have been delivered . ", "Continental Airlines Flight 11 , registration N70775 , was a Boeing 707 aircraft which exploded in the vicinity of Centerville , Iowa , while en route from O'Hare Airport , Chicago , Illinois , to Kansas City , Missouri , on May 22 , 1962 . The aircraft crashed in a clover field near Unionville , in Putnam County , Missouri , killing all 45 crew and passengers on board . The investigation determined the cause of the crash was a suicide bombing committed as insurance fraud . The plane had been hijacked to Cuba the previous year as Flight 54 . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Emmanuel_Macron", "Dilson_Funaro", "Ernest_Ako", "Edouard_Saouma", "Millán_Millán" ]

[ "Emmanuel Jean-Michel Frédéric Macron -LRB- -LSB- ɛmanɥɛl makʁɔ̃ -RSB- ; born 21 December 1977 -RRB- is the President of France and ex officio Co-Prince of Andorra , having assumed these offices on 14 May 2017 . A former civil servant and investment banker , he studied philosophy at Paris Nanterre University , completed a Master 's of Public Affairs at Sciences Po , and graduated from the École nationale d'administration -LRB- ENA -RRB- in 2004 . He worked as an Inspector of Finances in the Inspectorate General of Finances -LRB- IGF -RRB- , then became an investment banker at Rothschild & Cie Banque . Macron was appointed Deputy Secretary-General in François Hollande 's first government in 2012 , having been a member of the Socialist Party from 2006 to 2009 . He was appointed Minister of Economy , Industry and Digital Affairs in 2014 under the Second Valls Government , where he pushed through business-friendly reforms . He resigned in August 2016 to launch a bid in the 2017 presidential election . In November 2016 , Macron declared that he would run in the election under the banner of En Marche ! , a centrist political movement he founded in April 2016 , and won the election on 7 May 2017 . Macron , at the age of 39 , became the youngest President in the history of France . Upon his inauguration , Macron appointed Le Havre mayor Édouard Philippe to be Prime Minister on 15 May 2017 . ", "Dilson Domingos Funaro -LRB- October 23 , 1933 -- April 12 , 1989 -RRB- was a Brazilian businessman and politician , owner of the toy company Indústria de Brinquedos Trol . He was also president of the Brazilian Development Bank and later Finance Minister of Brazil during the term of President José Sarney , from August 1985 to April 1987 . During his tenure as Finance Minister he was responsible for the creation of a plan for the stabilization of Brazil 's monetary policy , the Plano Cruzado . He also was responsible for the unilateral suspension of payments on the Brazilian Republic 's external debt to foreign financial institutions , which was implemented on February 20 , 1987 . With Brazil 's financial crisis continuing with seemingly no solution on the horizon , Funaro was asked to resign from his post just a few months later . ", "Ernest Ako is a former Ghanaian police officer and was the Inspector General of Police of the Ghana Police Service from 30 September 1974 to 17 July 1978 . He was also Minister of Interior . ", "Edouard Victor Saouma -LRB- 6 November 1926 ; Beirut -- 1 December 2012 ; Beirut -RRB- was a Lebanese civil servant who served as Director General of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations -LRB- FAO -RRB- for three consecutive terms from 1976 to 1993 . ", "Dr. Millán Millán is director of CEAM and as one of the main environmental assessors for the European Union . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Richard_Dawson", "5th_Daytime_Emmy_Awards", "Family_Feud", "Bob_Barker", "Richard_Arnold_-LRB-presenter-RRB-" ]

[ "Richard Dawson -LRB- born Colin Lionel Emm ; 20 November 1932 -- 2 June 2012 -RRB- was a British-American actor and comedian , and a game show host and panellist in the United States . Dawson was well known for playing Corporal Peter Newkirk on Hogan 's Heroes , being the original host of the Family Feud game show from 1976 -- 85 , and from 1994 -- 95 , and a regular panellist on the 1970s version of Match Game on CBS from 1973 -- 78 . In 1984 , he became an American citizen while retaining his British citizenship . ", "The 5th Daytime Emmy Awards were held on June 7 , 1978 on ABC , to commemorate excellence in American daytime programming from the previous year -LRB- 1977 -RRB- . The awards were hosted by Family Feud host Richard Dawson , who also won an award for best game show host . Winners in each category are in bold . ", "Family Feud is an American television game show created by Mark Goodson where two families compete to name the most popular responses to survey questions in order to win cash and prizes . It is considered a spin-off of Match Game , whose panel included original host Richard Dawson . The program premiered on ABC on July 12 , 1976 , and ran as part of its daytime schedule until June 14 , 1985 . The program was re-launched by CBS on July 4 , 1988 , and ran until September 10 , 1993 . Three separate editions for syndication were also produced . The first aired from September 19 , 1977 to September 6 , 1985 . The second aired from September 19 , 1988 to September 8 , 1995 . The current syndicated series premiered on September 20 , 1999 . The ABC network version of the show and the first syndicated series were hosted by Richard Dawson . Ray Combs hosted the CBS series and the first six seasons of the accompanying syndicated version , then was replaced by Dawson for the final season . The 1999 syndicated series has been hosted by Louie Anderson -LRB- 1999 -- 2002 -RRB- , Richard Karn -LRB- 2002 -- 06 -RRB- , John O'Hurley -LRB- 2006 -- 10 -RRB- , and Steve Harvey -LRB- 2010 -- present -RRB- . Announcers for the series have included Gene Wood -LRB- 1976 -- 85 , 1988 -- 95 -RRB- , Burton Richardson -LRB- 1999 -- 2010 -RRB- , Joey Fatone -LRB- 2010 -- 15 -RRB- , and Rubin Ervin -LRB- 2015 -- present -RRB- . The program has spawned multiple regional adaptations in over 50 international markets outside the United States . Within a year of its debut , the original version became the number one game show in daytime television ; however , as viewing habits changed , the ratings declined . Harvey 's takeover in 2010 increased Nielsen ratings significantly and eventually placed the program among the top five most popular syndicated television shows in the country . In 2013 , TV Guide ranked Family Feud third in its list of the 60 greatest game shows of all time . ", "Robert William Barker -LRB- born December 12 , 1923 -RRB- is an American former television game show host . He is best known for hosting CBS 's The Price Is Right from 1972 to 2007 , making it the longest-running daytime game show in North American television history , and for hosting Truth or Consequences from 1956 to 1974 . Born in Darrington , Washington to modest circumstances , Barker enlisted in the United States Navy during World War II . Barker worked part-time in radio while he attended college . In 1950 , Barker moved to California in order to pursue a career in broadcasting . He was given his own radio show , The Bob Barker Show , which ran for the next six years . Barker began his game show career in 1956 , hosting Truth or Consequences . From there , he hosted various game shows as well as the Miss Universe and Miss USA pageants from 1967 to 1987 giving him the distinction of being the longest serving host of these pageants . Eventually , he began hosting The Price Is Right in 1972 . When his wife Dorothy Jo died , Barker became an advocate for animal rights and of animal-rights activism , supporting groups such as the United Activists for Animal Rights and the Sea Shepherd Conservation Society . In 2007 , Barker retired from hosting The Price Is Right after celebrating his 50-year career on television . ", "Richard Andrew Arnold -LRB- born 24 November 1969 -RRB- is an English television presenter , currently working as a freelance journalist and he is the Entertainment Editor for ITV 's breakfast show Good Morning Britain . Arnold has also taken part in a number of television shows including 71 Degrees North , Let 's Dance for Comic Relief and Strictly Come Dancing . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 0 ]

[ "John_DiMaggio", "Joe_Minoso", "John_Berton", "John_Schneider_-LRB-producer-RRB-", "Victor_Gonzalez_-LRB-director-RRB-" ]

[ "John William DiMaggio -LRB- born September 4 , 1968 -RRB- is an American actor , voice actor and comedian , known for his gruff voice , and for his work as Bender from the television show Futurama , Jake the Dog on Adventure Time , and Marcus Fenix in the hit Xbox video game Gears Of War . Other voice-over roles of his include Dr. Drakken and Motor Ed on Kim Possible , Brother Blood on Teen Titans , Rico in The Penguins of Madagascar , Fu Dog and Ogre In American Dragon : Jake Long , Niblet on Pound Puppies , the Scotsman on Samurai Jack , and as the voice of Shnitzel on Chowder . ", "Joe Minoso is an American theater and television actor . He currently stars in NBC 's Chicago Fire . ", "John Andrew Berton Jr. is an award-winning computer graphics animator and visual effects supervisor . His most recent completed project is Bedtime Stories . He also recently worked in India , supervising effects on the film Krrish 3 . In the fall of 2013 , he will join the faculty of Drexel University in Philadelphia . ", "John Schneider -LRB- born April 23 , 1962 -RRB- is an American film , television and multi-media producer and artists ' manager based in Los Angeles , California . The Pacifica , California native made his first forays into show business when he took on the position of personal manager for his younger brother , comedian and actor Rob Schneider , and subsequently managed the San Francisco area rock band Head On . Eventually , John transitioned into producing movies such as The Hot Chick and Deuce Bigalow : Male Gigolo , alongside executive producers Adam Sandler and Jack Giarraputo . John was the executive producer of Rob , a situation comedy starring Rob Schneider , which aired on the CBS television network in 2012 , and co-produced the Academy Award-nominated 2012 feature film Hitchcock . He also serves as the personal manager of comedian , talk-show host and actor Tom Green , and creative consultant for Limp Bizkit frontman Fred Durst . Schneider produced Tom Green Live -- the weekly talk show hosted by Green on entrepreneur/media mogul Mark Cuban 's AXS TV channel -- and is currently engaged in program development for CBS-TV , Showtime and The CW networks in conjunction with The Tannenbaum Company . In addition to his various production and management credits , John previously owned and operated the San Francisco nightclub DNA Lounge , and , at the age of 23 , was elected to the Pacifica , California school board . He now resides in the Los Angeles area with his wife and three daughters . ", "Victor Gonzalez is an American television director . He began his career as camera operator on the sitcom ALF . He continued to camera operate for many years on the sitcoms Roseanne , Married ... with Children , Home Improvement , Reba and That 's So Raven . He made his directorial debut on the Telemundo sitcom Los Beltrán in 2000 . He then went on to direct episodes of Half & Half , George Lopez , Wizards of Waverly Place , Pair of Kings , I 'm in the Band , A.N.T. Farm , Rules of Engagement , Lab Rats , Level Up , Kickin ' It , Jessie , See Dad Run , Wendell & Vinnie , Instant Mom , The Thundermans , Mike & Molly and Last Man Standing . He has also directed The Wizards Return : Alex vs. Alex , a special episode based on a Disney Channel series , Wizards of Waverly Place '' . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Quay_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Lower_City", "10th_!f_Istanbul_AFM_International_Independent_Film_Festival", "2015_Deauville_American_Film_Festival", "Maya_from_Madurai" ]

[ "Quay is a 2015 British short documentary film composed , shot , edited , produced , and directed by Christopher Nolan about animators Stephen and Timothy Quay . The film premiered at the Film Forum theatre in New York City on 19 August 2015 . ", "Lower City -LRB- Cidade Baixa -RRB- is a 2005 Brazilian drama film directed by Sérgio Machado . It was released in Brazil and to international film festivals in 2005 , including being screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2005 Cannes Film Festival . Its general release in the United States was in 2006 in New York . ", "The 10th ! f Istanbul AFM International Independent Film Festival was a film festival held in Istanbul , Turkey , from February 17 to 27 , 2011 , and in Ankara , Turkey from March 2 to 6 , 2011 . 85 films were screened in 17 different categories at Beyoğlu AFM Fitaş , Caddebostan AFM Budak , AFM İstinye Park , and Cinebonus Maçka G-Mall in Istanbul . Chilean director Alejandro Jodorowsky was in attendance as guest of honour at the festival , which included the first ever Turkish theatrical screening of his Santa Sangre -LRB- 1989 -RRB- . British director Chris Morris was also in attendance to present his debut feature Four Lions -LRB- 2009 -RRB- . This edition of the AFM International Independent Film Festival , which opened on February 16 with a gala screening of Womb directed by Benedek Fliegauf , held its opening party , featuring a live set by Jim Stanton , at The Hall club in Beyoğlu on February 18 . The Sundance Institute hosted nine film screenings , a screenwriting panel , a panel on Sundance Lab and an interactive case study on how the full circle of the Institute works , featuring American screenwriters Bill Wheeler and Wesley Strick , Israeli director Etgar Keret and several of the institute 's directors at this edition of the festival as part of the Film Forward program initiated under the incentive of U.S. President Barack Obama . Other features of the festival included two performances of director Sam Green 's live cinema Utopia in 4 Movements supported by the U.S. State Department , a one-off showing of Hamo Beknazarian 's Zare -LRB- 1926 -RRB- with live accompaniment by Kurdish harpist Tara Jaff , and the ! f 2 : Istanbul Live project , initiated last year in cooperation with MUBI , simultaneously screened five festival films in 25 cities across the region . ", "The 41st Deauville American Film Festival took place at Deauville , France from September 4 to 13 , 2015 . Baltasar Kormákur 's biographical disaster film Everest served as the opening night film . Sicario by Denis Villeneuve was the closing night film of the festival . The Grand Prix was awarded to 99 Homes by Ramin Bahrani . Complete lineup for the festival was announced on August 24 , 2015 . Total of 36 feature films were screened at the festival , 14 of which were in competition . In Television section , three episodes of Michael Connelly and Eric Overmyer 's crime TV-series Bosch were screened . The festival paid tribute to Orson Welles , Terrence Malick , Ian Mckellen , Patricia Clarkson , Keanu Reeves , Michael Bay , Lawrence Bender and Orlando Bloom and hosted retrospective of their films . Robert Pattinson and Elizabeth Olsen received Le Nouvel Hollywood -LRB- Hollywood Rising Star -RRB- awards . ", "Maya from Madurai is an Indian play written by Naren Weiss . The play explores the life and death of a drug dealer , and marked the directorial debut of actress Pooja Devariya . It premiered at the 2013 edition of the Short and Sweet Festival in Chennai , India ; where it won the Play of the Day award . Three days before script submission , director Devariya called former classmate Weiss and asked him to write something , describing what she had in mind . The play subsequently toured the country as a part of The Park 's New Festival in 2013 . South Indian theatre troupe Stray Factory took the one act play to six Indian cities , with four other short plays . The original production starred Venkatesh Harinathan , who also translated the play . " ]

[ 0, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Quay_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Lower_City", "10th_!f_Istanbul_AFM_International_Independent_Film_Festival", "2015_Deauville_American_Film_Festival", "Maya_from_Madurai" ]

[ "Quay is a 2015 British short documentary film composed , shot , edited , produced , and directed by Christopher Nolan about animators Stephen and Timothy Quay . The film premiered at the Film Forum theatre in New York City on 19 August 2015 . ", "Lower City -LRB- Cidade Baixa -RRB- is a 2005 Brazilian drama film directed by Sérgio Machado . It was released in Brazil and to international film festivals in 2005 , including being screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2005 Cannes Film Festival . Its general release in the United States was in 2006 in New York . ", "The 10th ! f Istanbul AFM International Independent Film Festival was a film festival held in Istanbul , Turkey , from February 17 to 27 , 2011 , and in Ankara , Turkey from March 2 to 6 , 2011 . 85 films were screened in 17 different categories at Beyoğlu AFM Fitaş , Caddebostan AFM Budak , AFM İstinye Park , and Cinebonus Maçka G-Mall in Istanbul . Chilean director Alejandro Jodorowsky was in attendance as guest of honour at the festival , which included the first ever Turkish theatrical screening of his Santa Sangre -LRB- 1989 -RRB- . British director Chris Morris was also in attendance to present his debut feature Four Lions -LRB- 2009 -RRB- . This edition of the AFM International Independent Film Festival , which opened on February 16 with a gala screening of Womb directed by Benedek Fliegauf , held its opening party , featuring a live set by Jim Stanton , at The Hall club in Beyoğlu on February 18 . The Sundance Institute hosted nine film screenings , a screenwriting panel , a panel on Sundance Lab and an interactive case study on how the full circle of the Institute works , featuring American screenwriters Bill Wheeler and Wesley Strick , Israeli director Etgar Keret and several of the institute 's directors at this edition of the festival as part of the Film Forward program initiated under the incentive of U.S. President Barack Obama . Other features of the festival included two performances of director Sam Green 's live cinema Utopia in 4 Movements supported by the U.S. State Department , a one-off showing of Hamo Beknazarian 's Zare -LRB- 1926 -RRB- with live accompaniment by Kurdish harpist Tara Jaff , and the ! f 2 : Istanbul Live project , initiated last year in cooperation with MUBI , simultaneously screened five festival films in 25 cities across the region . ", "The 41st Deauville American Film Festival took place at Deauville , France from September 4 to 13 , 2015 . Baltasar Kormákur 's biographical disaster film Everest served as the opening night film . Sicario by Denis Villeneuve was the closing night film of the festival . The Grand Prix was awarded to 99 Homes by Ramin Bahrani . Complete lineup for the festival was announced on August 24 , 2015 . Total of 36 feature films were screened at the festival , 14 of which were in competition . In Television section , three episodes of Michael Connelly and Eric Overmyer 's crime TV-series Bosch were screened . The festival paid tribute to Orson Welles , Terrence Malick , Ian Mckellen , Patricia Clarkson , Keanu Reeves , Michael Bay , Lawrence Bender and Orlando Bloom and hosted retrospective of their films . Robert Pattinson and Elizabeth Olsen received Le Nouvel Hollywood -LRB- Hollywood Rising Star -RRB- awards . ", "Maya from Madurai is an Indian play written by Naren Weiss . The play explores the life and death of a drug dealer , and marked the directorial debut of actress Pooja Devariya . It premiered at the 2013 edition of the Short and Sweet Festival in Chennai , India ; where it won the Play of the Day award . Three days before script submission , director Devariya called former classmate Weiss and asked him to write something , describing what she had in mind . The play subsequently toured the country as a part of The Park 's New Festival in 2013 . South Indian theatre troupe Stray Factory took the one act play to six Indian cities , with four other short plays . The original production starred Venkatesh Harinathan , who also translated the play . " ]

[ 0, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Argentina", "Neighbourhoods_of_Buenos_Aires", "Governor_of_Buenos_Aires_Province", "Curuzú_Cuatiá_Department", "América,_Buenos_Aires" ]

[ "Argentina -LRB- -LSB- ɑrdʒənˈtiːnə -RSB- -LSB- aɾxenˈtina -RSB- -RRB- , officially the Argentine Republic -LRB- República Argentina -RRB- , is a federal republic in the southern portion of South America . Sharing the bulk of the Southern Cone with its neighbor Chile to the west , the country is also bordered by Bolivia and Paraguay to the north , Brazil to the northeast , Uruguay and the South Atlantic Ocean to the east , and the Drake Passage to the south . With a mainland area of 2780400 km2 , Argentina is the eighth-largest country in the world , the second largest in Latin America , and the largest Spanish-speaking one . The country is subdivided into twenty-three provinces -LRB- provincias , singular provincia -RRB- and one autonomous city -LRB- ciudad autónoma -RRB- , Buenos Aires , which is the federal capital of the nation -LRB- -LSB- Capital Federal , links = no -RSB- -RRB- as decided by Congress . The provinces and the capital have their own constitutions , but exist under a federal system . Argentina claims sovereignty over part of Antarctica , the Falkland Islands -LRB- -LSB- Islas Malvinas , links = no -RSB- -RRB- , and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands . The earliest recorded human presence in the area of modern-day Argentina dates back to the Paleolithic period . The country has its roots in Spanish colonization of the region during the 16th century . Argentina rose as the successor state of the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata , a Spanish overseas viceroyalty founded in 1776 . The declaration and fight for independence -LRB- 1810 -- 1818 -RRB- was followed by an extended civil war that lasted until 1861 , culminating in the country 's reorganization as a federation of provinces with Buenos Aires as its capital city . The country thereafter enjoyed relative peace and stability , with massive waves of European immigration radically reshaping its cultural and demographic outlook . The almost-unparalleled increase in prosperity led to Argentina becoming the seventh wealthiest developed nation in the world by the early 20th century . After 1930 , Argentina descended into political instability and periodic economic crises that pushed it back into underdevelopment , though it nevertheless remained among the fifteen richest countries until the mid-20th century . Argentina retains its historic status as a middle power in international affairs , and is a prominent regional power in the Southern Cone and Latin America . Argentina has the second largest economy in South America , the third-largest in Latin America and is a member of the G-15 and G-20 major economies . It is also a founding member of the United Nations , World Bank , World Trade Organization , Mercosur , Union of South American Nations , Community of Latin American and Caribbean States and the Organization of Ibero-American States . It is the country with the second highest Human Development Index in Latin America with a rating of `` very high '' . Because of its stability , market size and growing high-tech sector , Argentina is classified as a high-income economy . ", "Buenos Aires , autonomous city and capital of Argentina , is composed of forty-eight neighbourhoods -LRB- locally known as barrios -RRB- . The city is also legally divided into communes , each one including one or more barrios . Among the most visited and populated barrios are Palermo , Recoleta , Puerto Madero , Belgrano , San Telmo , La Boca , Monserrat and Caballito . Sectors of the city are also traditionally known as neighborhoods by the inhabitants of Buenos Aires , but not officially by the authorities of the city ; some examples include Chinatown , Barrio Norte and the Microcentro . ", "The Governor of Buenos Aires province is a citizen of the Buenos Aires Province of Argentina , holding the office of governor for the corresponding period . The governor is elected alongside a vice-governor . Currently the governor of Buenos Aires Province is Maria Eugenia Vidal since December 10 , 2015 . ", "Curuzú Cuatiá Department is a department of Corrientes Province in Argentina . The provincial subdivision has a population of about 42,075 inhabitants in an area of 8,911 km ² , and its capital city is Curuzú Cuatiá , which is located around 650 km from Capital Federal . ", "América is a city in Buenos Aires Province , Argentina , and the head town of the Rivadavia Partido , located some 500 km from Buenos Aires City and 560 km from the provincial capital , La Plata . Its population was , as per the 2001 census , 12,361 . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Samsung", "Ghana_Chamber_of_Mines", "East_Hope_Group", "SN_Power", "Lee_Jae-yong_-LRB-businessman-RRB-" ]

[ "Samsung Group -LRB- ; -LSB- sʰamsʰʌŋ -RSB- -RRB- is a South Korean multinational conglomerate headquartered in Samsung Town , Seoul . It comprises numerous affiliated businesses , most of them united under the Samsung brand , and is the largest South Korean chaebol -LRB- business conglomerate -RRB- . Samsung was founded by Lee Byung-chul in 1938 as a trading company . Over the next three decades , the group diversified into areas including food processing , textiles , insurance , securities and retail . Samsung entered the electronics industry in the late 1960s and the construction and shipbuilding industries in the mid-1970s ; these areas would drive its subsequent growth . Following Lee 's death in 1987 , Samsung was separated into four business groups -- Samsung Group , Shinsegae Group , CJ Group and Hansol Group . Since 1990 , Samsung has increasingly globalised its activities and electronics ; in particular , its mobile phones and semiconductors have become its most important source of income . Notable Samsung industrial affiliates include Samsung Electronics -LRB- the world 's 2nd largest information technology company measured by 2015 revenues , and 5th in market value -RRB- , Samsung Heavy Industries -LRB- the world 's 2nd largest shipbuilder measured by 2010 revenues -RRB- , and Samsung Engineering and Samsung C&T -LRB- respectively the world 's 13th and 36th largest construction companies -RRB- . Other notable subsidiaries include Samsung Life Insurance -LRB- the world 's 14th largest life insurance company -RRB- , Samsung Everland -LRB- operator of Everland Resort , the oldest theme park in South Korea -RRB- and Cheil Worldwide -LRB- the world 's 15th largest advertising agency measured by 2012 revenues -RRB- . Samsung has a powerful influence on South Korea 's economic development , politics , media and culture and has been a major driving force behind the `` Miracle on the Han River '' . Its affiliate companies produce around a fifth of South Korea 's total exports . Samsung 's revenue was equal to 17 % of South Korea 's $ 1,082 billion GDP . ", "The Ghana Chamber of Mines main minerals industry association in Ghana . The Chamber is the umbrella body that represents the shared interests of companies involved in mineral exploration , production and processing in the country . It was founded in 1928 and has its members accounting for over 90 percent of all of the country 's mineral production . ", "East Hope Group -LRB- Chinese : 东方希望集团 ; pinyin : dōngfāngxīwàngjítuán -RRB- is one of China 's largest pioneering private companies . Active in the non-ferrous metal , chemical and agriculture industries , its principle business revolves around the production of aluminum , alumina , PVC , cement , and animal feed . The company runs two aluminum smelters in China -- Baotou Aluminum Smelter in Inner Mongolia and Xinjiang East Hope aluminum smelter in Xinjiang Province . Other production plants are located in Singapore , Vietnam , Indonesia and Cambodia . Founded in 1982 by Liu Yongxing in Shanghai , East Hope Group was the 14th largest aluminum producer in the world -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , with an output of 1,399 KT , making it the fifth largest in China behind Hongqiao , Chalco , CPI , and Xinfa . Liu was ranked # 18 on the Forbes China Rich List with a net worth $ 6.7 billion , and # 99 on Bloomberg 's Billionaires Index , where his net worth was estimated to be $ 11.6 billion -LRB- as of 30 January 2017 -RRB- . He has three brothers , all of which feature on the list of Chinese billionaires and are running their own companies : Chen Yuxin , owner of West Hope Group ; Liu Yonghai , founder of New Hope Group ; and Liu Yongyan , founder of Continental Hope Group . ", "SN Power AS -LRB- formerly called Statkraft Norfund Power Invest AS -RRB- invests in clean , renewable energy on a commercial basis in emerging markets . The company focuses on investments in hydroelectricity and has several running plants in the Philippines , Zambia and Panama . The company operates in Southeast Asia , Africa and Central America and has established offices in Netherlands , Singapore , Philippines , Zambia , Mozambique , and Panama . The company is a joint venture between Statkraft and Norfund , both owned by the Government of Norway . The company was established in 2002 . Along with Norfund , the Norwegian Investment Fund for Developing Countries , Statkraft created the international power company Statkraft Norfund Power Invest -LRB- in short called SN Power -RRB- in 2002 . The company was formed to promote economic growth and sustainable development in new and emerging markets . SN Power was a continuation of efforts that Statkraft began in the 1990s with projects in Laos and Nepal . In May 2003 , SN Power made its first investment , with the acquisition of 30 per cent of Nividhu in Sri Lanka , a venture partner that operates the power plants Assupiniella and Belihuloya . SN Power AS was reestablished as a new company in 2013 after its parent company Statkraft and Norfund decided to make changes to their share portfolios . The company retained its short named ` SN Power AS ' , however it is no longer abbreviated to ` Statkraft Norfund Power Invest AS ' . Through change of control the former company ` Statkraft Norfund Power Invest AS ' remained with Statkraft as a holding company . ", "Lee Jae-yong -LRB- 이재용 born 23 June 1968 -RRB- , known professionally in the West as Jay Y. Lee , is a South Korean business magnate and the vice chairman of Samsung Group , serving as de facto head . He is the eldest child and only son of Lee Kun-hee , Chairman of Samsung , and is widely considered to be his father 's future successor . He is referred to as the `` Crown Prince of Samsung '' by the South Korean media , and speaks Korean , English and Japanese . Lee is estimated to be worth US$ 7.9 billion , making him the third wealthiest person in South Korea . In 2014 , Lee was named the world 's 35th most powerful person and the most powerful Korean by Forbes Magazine 's List of The World 's Most Powerful People along with his father . In January 2017 , Lee was accused `` of bribery , embezzlement and perjury '' by the South Korean prosecutor 's office . Although the arrest warrant was denied by a Seoul court in mid-January , after a month of investigation , he was arrested on the night of 16 February 2017 . " ]

[ 0, 0, 1, 1, 0 ]

[ "Estelle_Getty", "Julie_Bowen", "Morgan_Fairchild", "Louise_Fletcher", "Lotty_Hough" ]

[ "Estelle Getty -LRB- née Scher ; also known as Estelle Gettleman ; July 25 , 1923 -- July 22 , 2008 -RRB- was an American actress and comedian , who appeared in film , television , and theatre . She was best known for her role as Sophia Petrillo on The Golden Girls from 1985 to 1992 , which won her an Emmy and a Golden Globe , on The Golden Palace from 1992 to 1993 , and on Empty Nest from 1993 to 1995 . In her later years , after retiring from acting , she battled Lewy body dementia . ", "Julie Bowen Luetkemeyer -LRB- born March 3 , 1970 -RRB- , known professionally as Julie Bowen , is an American actress . She is best known for playing Carol Vessey on Ed -LRB- 2000 -- 04 -RRB- , Denise Bauer on Boston Legal -LRB- 2005 -- 07 -RRB- , Sarah Shephard on Lost -LRB- 2005 -- 07 -RRB- , and Claire Dunphy on the comedy Modern Family -LRB- since 2009 -RRB- . The latter earned her six nominations for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series , winning in 2011 and 2012 . Bowen has also appeared in films such as Happy Gilmore -LRB- 1996 -RRB- , Multiplicity -LRB- 1996 -RRB- , Venus and Mars -LRB- 2001 -RRB- , Joe Somebody -LRB- 2001 -RRB- , Kids in America -LRB- 2005 -RRB- , Sex and Death 101 -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , Crazy on the Outside -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , Jumping the Broom -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , and Horrible Bosses -LRB- 2011 -RRB- . ", "Morgan Fairchild -LRB- born Patsy Ann McClenny ; February 3 , 1950 -RRB- is an American actress . She achieved prominence during the late 1970s and early 1980s with continuing roles in several television series , in which she usually conveyed a glamorous image . Fairchild began her career on the CBS daytime soap opera Search for Tomorrow as Jennifer Pace from 1973 to 1977 . In 1978 , she appeared on the primetime soap opera Dallas as the first actress to portray Jenna Wade , before taking a lead role on the NBC series Flamingo Road in 1980 -LRB- for which she was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Actress -- Television Series Drama -RRB- . In 1984 , she co-starred on ABC 's short-lived television drama Paper Dolls , and then appeared on Falcon Crest as attorney Jordan Roberts from 1985 to 1986 . Fairchild has also performed in theater and played guest roles in television comedies , including Murphy Brown -LRB- for which she was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series -RRB- , Roseanne , Cybill , and Friends . She is a board member of SAG-AFTRA . ", "Estelle Louise Fletcher -LRB- born July 22 , 1934 -RRB- is an Academy Award-winning , American film and television actress . She initially debuted in the television series Yancy Derringer in 1958 . Also in 1959 she played a young mother on the TV series `` Wagon Train '' in , `` The Andrew Hale Story '' , before being cast in Robert Altman 's Thieves Like Us -LRB- 1974 -RRB- . The following year , Fletcher gained international recognition for her performance as Nurse Ratched in the 1975 film One Flew over the Cuckoo 's Nest , for which she won the Academy Award for Best Actress , BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role and Golden Globe Award for Best Actress . She became only the third actress to win an Academy Award , BAFTA Award and Golden Globe Award for a single performance , after Audrey Hepburn and Liza Minnelli . Other notable film roles include Exorcist II : The Heretic -LRB- 1977 -RRB- , Brainstorm -LRB- 1983 -RRB- , Firestarter -LRB- 1984 -RRB- , Flowers in the Attic -LRB- 1987 -RRB- , 2 Days in the Valley -LRB- 1996 -RRB- , and Cruel Intentions -LRB- 1999 -RRB- . Later into her career , Fletcher returned to television , appearing as Vedek and later Kai Winn Adami in Star Trek : Deep Space Nine , as well as receiving Emmy nominations for her guest-starring roles in Picket Fences and Joan of Arcadia . Most recently , Fletcher has appeared in a recurring role on the Showtime television series Shameless in 2011 and 2012 , as Frank Gallagher 's foul-mouthed and hard-living mother who is serving a prison sentence for manslaughter . ", "Lotty Hough -LRB- c. 1833-January 17 , 1896 -RRB- -LRB- Charlotte Hough , sometimes spelled Lottie Hough -RRB- was a 19th-century actress and comedian . She played roles for the companies of Laura Keene and Mrs. John Wood . She debuted in New York at the Bowery Theatre in The Stranger as Charlotte Hough . She also acted in London . Around 1871 she gave a lecture tour on `` Popping The Question '' . During the U.S. Civil War , she was involved in obtaining passes to get cotton through Union lines . T. Allston Brown 's History of the American Stage -LRB- 1870 -RRB- described Hough as a `` well known impersonator of Yankee characters '' with `` considerable talent . '' " ]

[ 0, 2, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Moscovium", "2123_Vltava", "1256_Normannia", "V1500_Cygni", "1069_Planckia" ]

[ "Moscovium is a superheavy synthetic element with symbol Mc and atomic number 115 . It was first synthesized in 2003 by a joint team of Russian and American scientists at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research -LRB- JINR -RRB- in Dubna , Russia . In December 2015 , it was recognized as one of four new elements by the Joint Working Party of international scientific bodies IUPAC and IUPAP . On 28 November 2016 , it was officially named after the Moscow region , which the JINR is situated in . Moscovium is an extremely radioactive element : its most stable known isotope , moscovium-290 , has a half-life of only 0.8 seconds . In the periodic table , it is a p-block transactinide element . It is a member of the 7th period and is placed in group 15 as the heaviest pnictogen , although it has not been confirmed to behave as a heavier homologue of the pnictogen bismuth . Moscovium is calculated to have some properties similar to its lighter homologues , nitrogen , phosphorus , arsenic , antimony , and bismuth , and to be a post-transition metal , although it should also show several major differences from them . About 100 atoms of moscovium have been observed to date , all of which have been shown to have mass numbers from 287 to 290 . ", "2123 Vltava , provisional designation , is a stony Koronian asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt , approximately 15 kilometers in diameter . It was discovered on 22 September 1973 , by Soviet -- Russian astronomer Nikolai Chernykh at the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory on the Crimean peninsula in Nauchnyj . It is named for the river Vltava -LRB- Moldau -RRB- . ", "1256 Normannia -LRB- 1932 PD -RRB- is an outer main-belt asteroid discovered on August 8 , 1932 , by K. Reinmuth at Heidelberg . It is a member of the Hilda group . Measurements of the lightcurve made in 2010 and 2011 give a rotation period of 18.13 ± 0.02 hours . It has a diameter of 69.2 km and a Tholen classification of type D. ", "V1500 Cygni or Nova Cygni 1975 was a bright nova occurring in 1975 in the constellation Cygnus . It had the second highest intrinsic brightness of any nova of the 20th century , exceeded only by CP Puppis in 1942 . V1500 Cygni was discovered on August 29 and reached magnitude 1.7 on the next day . It remained visible to the naked eye for about a week , and 680 days after maximum the star had dimmed by 12.5 magnitudes . It is an AM Herculis type star , consisting of a red dwarf secondary depositing a stream of material onto a highly magnetized white dwarf primary . The distance of the V1500 Cygni was calculated in 1977 by the McDonald Observatory at 1.95 kiloparsecs -LRB- 6,360 light years -RRB- . Additionally , V1500 Cyg was the first asynchronous polar to be discovered . This distinction refers to the fact that the white dwarf 's spin period is slightly different than the binary orbital period . ", "1069 Planckia is a main belt asteroid . It was discovered by Max Wolf on January 28 , 1927 , and assigned a provisional designation of 1927 BC . It was named after physicist Max Planck . Photometric measurements made in 2000 , when combined with earlier observations , showed a light curve with a period of 8.643 ± 0.05 hours . As of 2013 , the estimate for the rotation period is 8.665 hours . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "Prince_Valiant_-LRB-1997_film-RRB-", "Stephen_Moyer", "The_Little_Prince_-LRB-2015_film-RRB-", "Nick_Nolte", "Kevin_J._O'Connor_-LRB-actor-RRB-" ]

[ "Prince Valiant is a 1997 Irish-British independent sword and sorcery film directed by Anthony Hickox , written by Michael Frost Beckner , and starring Stephen Moyer , Katherine Heigl , Thomas Kretschmann , Joanna Lumley , Ron Perlman , and Edward Fox . It is a loose adaptation of the long-running Prince Valiant comic strip of Hal Foster , some panels of which were used in the movie . In it , Valiant must battle the Vikings and a scheming sorceress to save the kingdom . ", "Stephen Moyer -LRB- born Stephen John Emery ; 11 October 1969 -RRB- is an English film and television actor and director who is best known as vampire Bill Compton in the HBO series True Blood . Moyer 's first television role was in 1993 as Philip Masefield in the TV adaptation of the play Conjugal Rites , written by actor/playwright Roger Hall . This was followed by the television film Lord of Misrule , filmed in Fowey , Cornwall , which also featured Richard Wilson , Emily Mortimer and Prunella Scales . In 1997 , Moyer made his big-screen debut landing the lead role in the film adaptation of the long-running comic strip Prince Valiant by Hal Foster , working alongside Ron Perlman and Katherine Heigl . ", "The Little Prince is a 2015 English-language French-Italian 3D animated fantasy adventure family drama film directed by Mark Osborne and based on the 1943 novel of the same name by Antoine de Saint-Exupéry . It is the first adaptation as a full-length animated feature of The Little Prince . The film relates the story of the book using stop motion animation which is woven into a computer animated framing narrative about a young girl who has just met the book 's now-elderly aviator narrator who tells her the story of his meeting with the Little Prince in the Sahara Desert . The film stars the voices of Jeff Bridges , Rachel McAdams , Paul Rudd , Bud Cort , Marion Cotillard , Benicio del Toro , James Franco , Ricky Gervais , Paul Giamatti , Riley Osborne , Albert Brooks and Mackenzie Foy . It was produced by Dimitri Rassam , Aton Soumache and Alexis Vonarb , and written by Irena Brignull and Bob Persichetti with music by Hans Zimmer and Richard Harvey . The film premiered on 22 May 2015 at the 68th Cannes Film Festival in an out-of-competition screening , followed by a wide release in France on 29 July by Paramount Pictures . The US theatrical release was set for a release date of 18 March 2016 in RealD 3D , but was dropped mysteriously . Netflix later acquired the US distribution rights and released it on 5 August 2016 . The film has received positive reviews , earning praise for its style of animation and homage paid to the source material and earned $ 97.6 million on a $ 77.5 million budget , becoming the most successful French animated film abroad of all time . ", "Nicholas King Nolte -LRB- born February 8 , 1941 -RRB- is an American actor and former model . He won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor -- Motion Picture Drama , and was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor for the 1991 film The Prince of Tides . He went on to receive Academy Award nominations for Affliction -LRB- 1998 -RRB- and Warrior -LRB- 2011 -RRB- . His other film appearances include The Deep -LRB- 1977 -RRB- , 48 Hrs . -LRB- 1982 -RRB- , Down and Out in Beverly Hills -LRB- 1986 -RRB- , Another 48 Hrs . -LRB- 1990 -RRB- , Everybody Wins -LRB- 1990 -RRB- , Cape Fear -LRB- 1991 -RRB- , Lorenzo 's Oil -LRB- 1992 -RRB- , The Thin Red Line -LRB- 1998 -RRB- , Hulk -LRB- 2003 -RRB- , The Good Thief -LRB- 2003 -RRB- , Hotel Rwanda -LRB- 2004 -RRB- , Tropic Thunder -LRB- 2008 -RRB- , A Walk in the Woods -LRB- 2015 -RRB- and The Ridiculous 6 -LRB- 2015 -RRB- . He was also nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor -- Television Series Musical or Comedy for his role in the TV series Graves -LRB- 2016 -- present -RRB- . ", "Kevin James O'Connor -LRB- born November 15 , 1963 -RRB- is an American actor . O'Connor is known for portraying character roles in major studio films such as There Will Be Blood , The Mummy , Clive Barker 's Lord of Illusions , F/X2 and Van Helsing . He is a favorite of writer/director Stephen Sommers , who usually casts him in his films . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "Prince_Valiant_-LRB-1997_film-RRB-", "Stephen_Moyer", "The_Little_Prince_-LRB-2015_film-RRB-", "Nick_Nolte", "Kevin_J._O'Connor_-LRB-actor-RRB-" ]

[ "Prince Valiant is a 1997 Irish-British independent sword and sorcery film directed by Anthony Hickox , written by Michael Frost Beckner , and starring Stephen Moyer , Katherine Heigl , Thomas Kretschmann , Joanna Lumley , Ron Perlman , and Edward Fox . It is a loose adaptation of the long-running Prince Valiant comic strip of Hal Foster , some panels of which were used in the movie . In it , Valiant must battle the Vikings and a scheming sorceress to save the kingdom . ", "Stephen Moyer -LRB- born Stephen John Emery ; 11 October 1969 -RRB- is an English film and television actor and director who is best known as vampire Bill Compton in the HBO series True Blood . Moyer 's first television role was in 1993 as Philip Masefield in the TV adaptation of the play Conjugal Rites , written by actor/playwright Roger Hall . This was followed by the television film Lord of Misrule , filmed in Fowey , Cornwall , which also featured Richard Wilson , Emily Mortimer and Prunella Scales . In 1997 , Moyer made his big-screen debut landing the lead role in the film adaptation of the long-running comic strip Prince Valiant by Hal Foster , working alongside Ron Perlman and Katherine Heigl . ", "The Little Prince is a 2015 English-language French-Italian 3D animated fantasy adventure family drama film directed by Mark Osborne and based on the 1943 novel of the same name by Antoine de Saint-Exupéry . It is the first adaptation as a full-length animated feature of The Little Prince . The film relates the story of the book using stop motion animation which is woven into a computer animated framing narrative about a young girl who has just met the book 's now-elderly aviator narrator who tells her the story of his meeting with the Little Prince in the Sahara Desert . The film stars the voices of Jeff Bridges , Rachel McAdams , Paul Rudd , Bud Cort , Marion Cotillard , Benicio del Toro , James Franco , Ricky Gervais , Paul Giamatti , Riley Osborne , Albert Brooks and Mackenzie Foy . It was produced by Dimitri Rassam , Aton Soumache and Alexis Vonarb , and written by Irena Brignull and Bob Persichetti with music by Hans Zimmer and Richard Harvey . The film premiered on 22 May 2015 at the 68th Cannes Film Festival in an out-of-competition screening , followed by a wide release in France on 29 July by Paramount Pictures . The US theatrical release was set for a release date of 18 March 2016 in RealD 3D , but was dropped mysteriously . Netflix later acquired the US distribution rights and released it on 5 August 2016 . The film has received positive reviews , earning praise for its style of animation and homage paid to the source material and earned $ 97.6 million on a $ 77.5 million budget , becoming the most successful French animated film abroad of all time . ", "Nicholas King Nolte -LRB- born February 8 , 1941 -RRB- is an American actor and former model . He won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor -- Motion Picture Drama , and was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor for the 1991 film The Prince of Tides . He went on to receive Academy Award nominations for Affliction -LRB- 1998 -RRB- and Warrior -LRB- 2011 -RRB- . His other film appearances include The Deep -LRB- 1977 -RRB- , 48 Hrs . -LRB- 1982 -RRB- , Down and Out in Beverly Hills -LRB- 1986 -RRB- , Another 48 Hrs . -LRB- 1990 -RRB- , Everybody Wins -LRB- 1990 -RRB- , Cape Fear -LRB- 1991 -RRB- , Lorenzo 's Oil -LRB- 1992 -RRB- , The Thin Red Line -LRB- 1998 -RRB- , Hulk -LRB- 2003 -RRB- , The Good Thief -LRB- 2003 -RRB- , Hotel Rwanda -LRB- 2004 -RRB- , Tropic Thunder -LRB- 2008 -RRB- , A Walk in the Woods -LRB- 2015 -RRB- and The Ridiculous 6 -LRB- 2015 -RRB- . He was also nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor -- Television Series Musical or Comedy for his role in the TV series Graves -LRB- 2016 -- present -RRB- . ", "Kevin James O'Connor -LRB- born November 15 , 1963 -RRB- is an American actor . O'Connor is known for portraying character roles in major studio films such as There Will Be Blood , The Mummy , Clive Barker 's Lord of Illusions , F/X2 and Van Helsing . He is a favorite of writer/director Stephen Sommers , who usually casts him in his films . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "Sausage_Party", "Jonah_Hill", "Timothy_Simons", "Greg_Tiernan", "21_Jump_Street_-LRB-film-RRB-" ]

[ "Sausage Party is a 2016 adult computer-animated comedy film directed by Greg Tiernan and Conrad Vernon and written by Kyle Hunter , Ariel Shaffir , Seth Rogen and Evan Goldberg . It stars the voices of Seth Rogen , Kristen Wiig , Jonah Hill , Bill Hader , Michael Cera , James Franco , Danny McBride , Craig Robinson , Paul Rudd , Nick Kroll , David Krumholtz , Edward Norton , and Salma Hayek . It is the first CGI-animated film to be rated R by the MPAA . A spoof of Disney and Pixar films , it follows a sausage who tries to discover the truth about his existence and goes on a journey with his friends to escape their fate . The film 's rough cut premiered on March 14 , 2016 at South by Southwest and the film was theatrically released in the United States and Canada on August 12 , 2016 by Columbia Pictures . The film received positive reviews from critics and grossed more than $ 140 million . ", "Jonah Hill Feldstein -LRB- born December 20 , 1983 -RRB- , better known as Jonah Hill , is an American actor , producer , screenwriter and comedian . Hill is known for his comedic roles in films such as Accepted -LRB- 2006 -RRB- , Grandma 's Boy -LRB- 2006 -RRB- , Superbad -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , Knocked Up -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , Forgetting Sarah Marshall -LRB- 2008 -RRB- , Get Him to the Greek -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , 21 Jump Street -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , This Is the End -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , 22 Jump Street -LRB- 2014 -RRB- and War Dogs -LRB- 2016 -RRB- , as well as his performances in Moneyball -LRB- 2011 -RRB- and The Wolf of Wall Street -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , for which he received Academy Award nominations for Best Supporting Actor . Hill ranked 28th on Forbes magazine 's ranking of world 's highest paid actors from June 2014 to June 2015 , bringing in $ 16million . As a screenwriter , he contributed to the stories of 21 Jump Street , 22 Jump Street and Sausage Party -LRB- 2016 -RRB- , all of which he also starred in . ", "Timothy Simons -LRB- born June 12 , 1978 -RRB- is an American actor and comedian best known for his role as Jonah Ryan on the HBO television series Veep , for which he has received three nominations for the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series . He has also had acting roles in the films The Interview , Christine , and The Boss . ", "Greg Tiernan -LRB- born June 19 , 1965 -RRB- is an Irish-Canadian animator , director and voice actor . Along with his wife Nicole Stinn , he founded Nitrogen Studios Canada , Inc. in 2003 , through which he introduced CGI to the Thomas & Friends series . Prior to this , Tiernan collaborated on various projects with filmmaker Don Bluth , Walt Disney Animation Studios and Klasky Csupo , Inc. . Tiernan made his feature film debut with the long-gestating R-rated animated film Sausage Party -LRB- 2016 -RRB- , joining Conrad Vernon to direct production of a story conceived by Seth Rogen , Evan Goldberg and Jonah Hill . ", "21 Jump Street is a 2012 American action comedy film directed by Phil Lord and Christopher Miller , written by Michael Bacall starring Jonah Hill and Channing Tatum . An adaptation of the 1987-1991 television series of the same name by Stephen J. Cannell and Patrick Hasburgh , set within the same continuity as the TV series ; the film follows two police officers who are forced to relive high school when they are assigned to go undercover as high school students to prevent the outbreak of a new synthetic drug and arrest its supplier . It was released theatrically on March 16 , 2012 , by Columbia Pictures and Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and grossed $ 201 million . A sequel , titled 22 Jump Street , was released on June 13 , 2014 . Two further films , MIB 23 -LRB- a crossover with the Men in Black franchise -RRB- and a female-led spin-off , are currently in development . " ]

[ 0, 1, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "Brie_Larson", "Short_Term_12", "Diane_Flacks", "Julie_Bowen", "Goldie_Hawn" ]

[ "Brianne Sidonie Desaulniers -LRB- born October 1 , 1989 -RRB- , known professionally as Brie Larson , is an American actress , director , and singer . Born in Sacramento , California , Larson was home-schooled before she studied acting at the American Conservatory Theater . She began her acting career in television , appearing as a regular on the 2001 sitcom Raising Dad , for which she was nominated for a Young Artist Award . As a teenager , Larson had brief roles in the 2004 films 13 Going on 30 and Sleepover . Her performance in the comedy film Hoot -LRB- 2006 -RRB- was praised , and she subsequently played supporting roles in the films Greenberg -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , Scott Pilgrim vs. the World -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , 21 Jump Street -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , and Don Jon -LRB- 2013 -RRB- . From 2009 to 2011 , Larson featured as a rebellious teenager in the television series United States of Tara . Larson 's breakthrough role came with the independent drama Short Term 12 -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , for which she received critical acclaim . Further success came in 2015 when she starred in Room , an acclaimed drama based on Emma Donoghue 's novel of the same name . She won several awards for her portrayal of a troubled mother kidnap victim in the film , including the Academy Award , BAFTA Award , Critic 's Choice Award , Golden Globe Award , Screen Actors Guild Award and Canadian Screen Award for Best Actress . In 2017 , she starred as a war photographer in the adventure film Kong : Skull Island , her highest-grossing release . In 2016 , Larson was cast as Carol Danvers / Captain Marvel in the Marvel Cinematic Universe . ", "Short Term 12 is a 2013 American drama film written and directed by Destin Daniel Cretton . The film is based on Cretton 's short film of the same name , produced in 2009 . It stars Brie Larson as Grace , the supervisor of a group home for troubled teenagers . Cretton was inspired to write Short Term 12 based on his own experience of working in a group facility for teenagers . He first wrote and produced a short film based on the idea and later adapted it into a feature-length screenplay . While Larson and John Gallagher , Jr. won their roles after auditioning through Skype , most of the children featured in the film were cast through open casting calls . Filming took place over 20 days in Los Angeles , California in September 2012 . Short Term 12 premiered on March 10 , 2013 at the South by Southwest film festival and was released in theaters on August 23 , 2013 . It grossed $ 2 million and was met with critical acclaim . Reviewers praised the film 's realism and intimacy , drawing particular attention to Larson 's performance and Cretton 's direction . The film won South by Southwest 's Grand Jury and Audience Awards for a Narrative Feature , as well as earning three Independent Spirit Award nominations . ", "Diane Flacks is a Canadian comedic actress , screenwriter and playwright . She has co-written and starred in numerous television series , including The Broad Side , P.R. , Behind the Scenes and Listen Missy . She has also written for The Kids in the Hall , and acted in Walter Ego and Moose TV . Her plays have included Sibs -LRB- cowritten with Richard Greenblatt -RRB- , Smudge -LRB- with Alex Bulmer -RRB- and Gravity Calling . She has also written and performed four one-woman stage shows : Myth Me , By a Thread , Random Acts and Bear With Me . Bear With Me was based on the book of the same name published by MacMillan Stewart in 2005 , about pregnancy and new motherhood through a humorous lens . In 2007 , Flacks became a featured columnist with the Toronto Star , and is a regular contributor for the CBC Radio show Definitely Not the Opera . She is Jewish and openly lesbian . ", "Julie Bowen Luetkemeyer -LRB- born March 3 , 1970 -RRB- , known professionally as Julie Bowen , is an American actress . She is best known for playing Carol Vessey on Ed -LRB- 2000 -- 04 -RRB- , Denise Bauer on Boston Legal -LRB- 2005 -- 07 -RRB- , Sarah Shephard on Lost -LRB- 2005 -- 07 -RRB- , and Claire Dunphy on the comedy Modern Family -LRB- since 2009 -RRB- . The latter earned her six nominations for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series , winning in 2011 and 2012 . Bowen has also appeared in films such as Happy Gilmore -LRB- 1996 -RRB- , Multiplicity -LRB- 1996 -RRB- , Venus and Mars -LRB- 2001 -RRB- , Joe Somebody -LRB- 2001 -RRB- , Kids in America -LRB- 2005 -RRB- , Sex and Death 101 -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , Crazy on the Outside -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , Jumping the Broom -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , and Horrible Bosses -LRB- 2011 -RRB- . ", "Goldie Jeanne Hawn -LRB- born November 21 , 1945 -RRB- is an American actress , director , producer , and occasional singer . She rose to fame on the NBC sketch comedy program Rowan & Martin 's Laugh-In -LRB- 1968 -- 70 -RRB- before going on to receive the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress and the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress for her performance in Cactus Flower -LRB- 1969 -RRB- . Hawn maintained bankable star status for more than three decades thereafter , appearing in numerous films such as There 's a Girl in My Soup -LRB- 1970 -RRB- , Butterflies Are Free -LRB- 1972 -RRB- , The Sugarland Express -LRB- 1974 -RRB- , Shampoo -LRB- 1975 -RRB- , Foul Play -LRB- 1978 -RRB- , Seems Like Old Times -LRB- 1980 -RRB- , and the title role in Private Benjamin -LRB- 1980 -RRB- , for which she was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress . Hawn 's later work included further film roles , including appearances in Overboard -LRB- 1987 -RRB- , Bird on a Wire -LRB- 1990 -RRB- , Death Becomes Her -LRB- 1992 -RRB- , Housesitter -LRB- 1992 -RRB- , The First Wives Club -LRB- 1996 -RRB- , and The Banger Sisters -LRB- 2002 -RRB- . After a fifteen-year hiatus from film acting , Hawn made her comeback in Snatched -LRB- 2017 -RRB- . She is the mother of actors Oliver Hudson , Kate Hudson and Wyatt Russell , and has been in a relationship with actor Kurt Russell since 1983 . Additionally , in 2003 , she founded The Hawn Foundation , which helps underprivileged children . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 2, 2 ]

[ "Mutiny_on_the_Bounty_-LRB-1935_film-RRB-", "Mutiny_on_the_Bounty_-LRB-1962_film-RRB-", "The_SpongeBob_SquarePants_Movie", "Star_Trek_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Jarhead_-LRB-film-RRB-" ]

[ "Mutiny on the Bounty is an 1935 American drama film directed by Frank Lloyd and starring Charles Laughton and Clark Gable , based on the Charles Nordhoff and James Norman Hall novel Mutiny on the Bounty . The film was one of the biggest hits of its time . Although its historical accuracy has been questioned -LRB- inevitably , as it is based on a novel -RRB- , film critics consider this adaptation to be the best cinematic work inspired by the mutiny . ", "Mutiny on the Bounty is a 1962 American Technicolor epic historical drama film starring Marlon Brando , Trevor Howard and Richard Harris , based on the novel Mutiny on the Bounty by Charles Nordhoff and James Norman Hall . The film retells the 1789 real-life mutiny aboard HMAV Bounty led by Fletcher Christian against the ship 's captain , William Bligh . It is the second American film to be made from the novel , the first being Mutiny on the Bounty -LRB- 1935 -RRB- . It was directed by Lewis Milestone , who replaced Carol Reed early in the production schedule , and it turned out to be Milestone 's final film . The screenplay was written by Charles Lederer -LRB- with uncredited input from Eric Ambler , William L. Driscoll , Borden Chase , John Gay and Ben Hecht -RRB- . The score was composed by Bronisław Kaper . Mutiny on the Bounty was filmed in the Ultra Panavision 70 widescreen process , the first motion picture so credited . It was partly shot on location in the South Pacific . Behind the scenes , Marlon Brando effectively took over directing duties himself and caused it to become far behind schedule and over budget -- resulting in director Carol Reed pulling out of the project and being replaced by Lewis Milestone who is credited as director of the picture . The film was heavily panned , and was considered a box office bomb , having lost over $ 6 million . A replica of the Bounty was constructed for the film . Fifty years after the release of the film , the vessel sank in Hurricane Sandy with loss of life . ", "The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie is a 2004 American animated adventure comedy film based on the Nickelodeon television series SpongeBob SquarePants . The film was directed by series creator Stephen Hillenburg and starred the series ' cast of Tom Kenny , Bill Fagerbakke , Clancy Brown , Rodger Bumpass and Mr. Lawrence , with guest performances by Scarlett Johansson , Jeffrey Tambor , Alec Baldwin and David Hasselhoff . It was produced by Hillenburg 's production company United Plankton Pictures and Nickelodeon Movies , it was distributed by Paramount Pictures and also it was first film in the SpongeBob SquarePants film series . In the film , Plankton devises a plan to steal King Neptune 's crown and send it to Shell City , and SpongeBob and Patrick must retrieve the crown to save Mr. Krabs from King Neptune 's wrath and Bikini Bottom from Plankton 's plan . Previous offers by Paramount Pictures for a film adaptation of SpongeBob SquarePants had been rejected by Stephen Hillenburg , but he eventually accepted one offer in 2002 . A writing team consisting of Hillenburg , Paul Tibbitt , Derek Drymon , Aaron Springer , Kent Osborne and Tim Hill was assembled , conceiving the idea of a mythical hero 's quest and the search for a stolen crown , which would bring SpongeBob and Patrick to the surface . The film was originally intended as the series finale , but Nickelodeon ordered more episodes of the series as the series had become increasingly profitable , so Hillenburg resigned as showrunner , with Tibbitt taking Hillenburg 's place . The film was promoted immensely by Paramount and Nickelodeon , with tie-in promotions made by 7-Eleven , the Cayman Islands and Burger King , which decorated various of its franchises with 9 ft SpongeBob inflatable figures . The film was a box office success and grossed $ 85 million in the United States and $ 140 million worldwide , and received generally positive reviews from critics . A stand-alone sequel titled The SpongeBob Movie : Sponge Out of Water was released on February 6 , 2015 , and a third film is scheduled for release on August 2 , 2019 . ", "Star Trek is a 2009 American science fiction adventure film directed by J. J. Abrams and written by Roberto Orci and Alex Kurtzman . It is the eleventh film in the Star Trek film franchise , and is also a reboot that features the main characters of the original Star Trek television series portrayed by a new cast , as the first in the rebooted film series . The film follows James T. Kirk -LRB- Chris Pine -RRB- and Spock -LRB- Zachary Quinto -RRB- aboard USS Enterprise as they combat Nero -LRB- Eric Bana -RRB- , a Romulan from their future who threatens the United Federation of Planets . The story takes place in an alternate reality because of time travel by both Nero and the original Spock -LRB- Leonard Nimoy -RRB- . The alternate timeline was created in an attempt to free the film and the franchise from established continuity constraints while simultaneously preserving original story elements . The idea for a prequel film which would follow the Star Trek characters during their time in Starfleet Academy was discussed by series creator Gene Roddenberry in 1968 . The concept resurfaced in the late 1980s , when it was postulated by Harve Bennett as a possible plotline for what would become Star Trek VI : The Undiscovered Country , but was rejected in lieu of other projects by Roddenberry . Following the critical and commercial failure of Star Trek : Nemesis and the cancellation of the television series Star Trek : Enterprise , the franchise 's executive producer Rick Berman and screenwriter Erik Jendresen wrote an unproduced film titled Star Trek : The Beginning , which would take place after Enterprise . After the separation of Viacom and CBS Corporation in 2005 , former Paramount Pictures president Gail Berman convinced CBS to allow Paramount to produce a new film in the franchise . Orci and Kurtzman , both fans of Star Trek , were approached to write the film , and J. J. Abrams was approached to direct it . Kurtzman and Orci used inspiration from novels and graduate school dissertations , as well as the series itself . Principal photography commenced on November 7 , 2007 and ended on March 27 , 2008 . The film was shot in various locations around California and Utah . Abrams wanted to avoid using bluescreen and greenscreen , opting to use sets and locations instead . Heavy secrecy surrounded the film 's production and was under the fake working title Corporate Headquarters . Industrial Light & Magic used digital ships for the film , as opposed to the previous films in the franchise . Production for the film concluded by the end of 2008 . Star Trek was heavily promoted in the months preceding its release ; pre-release screenings for the film premiered in select cities around the world , including Austin , Texas , Sydney , Australia , and Calgary , Alberta . It was released in the United States and Canada on May 8 , 2009 , to critical acclaim ; critics praised its character development , as well as its storyline , effects , stunts , action sequences , direction , and its score by Michael Giacchino . Star Trek was a box office success , grossing over $ 385.7 million worldwide against its $ 150 million production budget . It was nominated for several awards , including four Academy Awards at the 82nd Academy Awards , ultimately winning Best Makeup , making it the first Star Trek film to win an Academy Award . It was followed by two sequels , Star Trek Into Darkness -LRB- 2013 -RRB- and Star Trek Beyond -LRB- 2016 -RRB- , with a fourth having been announced . ", "Jarhead is a 2005 American biographical war drama film based on U.S. Marine Anthony Swofford 's 2003 memoir of the same name , directed by Sam Mendes , starring Jake Gyllenhaal as Swofford with Jamie Foxx , Peter Sarsgaard and Chris Cooper . The title comes from the slang term used to refer to United States Marines . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Dodo", "Medusa_Rondanini", "Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea", "The_Black_Company_-LRB-novel-RRB-", "Flag_of_Adygea" ]

[ "The dodo -LRB- Raphus cucullatus -RRB- is an extinct flightless bird that was endemic to the island of Mauritius , east of Madagascar in the Indian Ocean . The dodo 's closest genetic relative was the also extinct Rodrigues solitaire , the two forming the subfamily Raphinae of the family of pigeons and doves . The closest living relative of the dodo is the Nicobar pigeon . A white dodo was once thought to have existed on the nearby island of Réunion , but this is now thought to have been confusion based on the Réunion ibis and paintings of white dodos . Subfossil remains show the dodo was about 1 m tall and may have weighed 10.6 - . The dodo 's appearance in life is evidenced only by drawings , paintings , and written accounts from the 17th century . Because these vary considerably , and because only some illustrations are known to have been drawn from live specimens , its exact appearance in life remains unresolved , and little is known about its behaviour . Though the dodo has historically been considered fat and clumsy , it is now thought to have been well-adapted for its ecosystem . It has been depicted with brownish-grey plumage , yellow feet , a tuft of tail feathers , a grey , naked head , and a black , yellow , and green beak . It used gizzard stones to help digest its food , which is thought to have included fruits , and its main habitat is believed to have been the woods in the drier coastal areas of Mauritius . One account states its clutch consisted of a single egg . It is presumed that the dodo became flightless because of the ready availability of abundant food sources and a relative absence of predators on Mauritius . The first recorded mention of the dodo was by Dutch sailors in 1598 . In the following years , the bird was hunted by sailors and invasive species , while its habitat was being destroyed . The last widely accepted sighting of a dodo was in 1662 . Its extinction was not immediately noticed , and some considered it to be a mythical creature . In the 19th century , research was conducted on a small quantity of remains of four specimens that had been brought to Europe in the early 17th century . Among these is a dried head , the only soft tissue of the dodo that remains today . Since then , a large amount of subfossil material has been collected on Mauritius , mostly from the Mare aux Songes swamp . The extinction of the dodo within less than a century of its discovery called attention to the previously unrecognised problem of human involvement in the disappearance of entire species . The dodo achieved widespread recognition from its role in the story of Alice 's Adventures in Wonderland , and it has since become a fixture in popular culture , often as a symbol of extinction and obsolescence . ", "The over-lifesize Medusa Rondanini , the best late Hellenistic or Augustan Roman marble copy of the head of Medusa , is rendered more humanized and beautiful than the always grotesque apotropaic head of Medusa that appeared as the Gorgoneion on the aegis of Athena . The Medusa Rondanini is located in the Glyptothek in Munich , Germany , having been purchased by the art-loving king Ludwig of Bavaria from the heirs of the marchese Rondanini , during his Grand Tour of Italy as a prince . ", "The flag of Papua New Guinea was adopted on 1 July 1971 . In the hoist , it depicts the Southern Cross ; in the fly , a raggiana bird-of-paradise is silhouetted . The designer of the flag was 15-year-old schoolgirl Susan Karike , now Mrs Susan Huhume , who won a nationwide competition for a new flag design in 1971 . Red and black have long been traditional colours of many Papua New Guinean tribes . Black-white-red was the colour of the German Empire flag , which had colonized New Guinea prior to 1918 . The bird-of-paradise is also found on the national coat-of-arms . Prior to independence , the Australian administration proposed a vertical tricolour flag with blue , yellow and green bands , along with the bird of paradise and southern cross , designed by a Mr. Holman . It had a mainly negative reception , due to its appearance as that of a `` mechanically contrived outcome '' , thus the alternate proposal attributed to Susan Karike was chosen instead . The blue was said to represent the sea and islands of New Guinea , the Southern Cross was a guide for the travelling peoples , the gold represented the coastlines , mineral wealth , and unity , and the green represented the forested highlands and mainland , with the Bird of Paradise representing the unification under one nation . The Southern Cross shows that it is a country in the Southern Hemisphere and can be seen in Papua New Guinea . ", "The Black Company , released in May 1984 , is the first novel in Glen Cook 's ongoing series , The Black Company . The book combines elements of epic fantasy and dark fantasy as it describes the dealings of an elite mercenary unit -- the Black Company -- with the Lady , ruler of the Northern Empire . The name might have been inspired by Arthur Conan Doyle 's `` The White Company '' , depicting the adventures of a free company of archers during the Hundred Years ' War - a book for which Doyle himself had a higher regard than for the Sherlock Holmes adventures for which he is mainly remembered . __ TOC __ ", "The flag of the Republic of Adygea , a federal subject of Russia , is a green field , charged with twelve gold stars , nine forming an arc and three horizontal . It is also charged with three crossed arrows in the center . The green color rgb values -LRB- 5 63 13 -RRB- , & the gold colors rgb values -LRB- 189 166 98 -RRB- . The flag was designed by David Urquhart . The green is a symbol of the forests and vegetation of the Caucasus . The twelve stars symbolize the individual tribes of Adygea ; the nine stars within the arc symbolize the nine aristocratic tribes of Adygea , in contrast to the three horizontal stars which symbolized the three democratic tribes . The arrows symbolize peace . The gold colors of the arrows and stars represent the plentiful harvest of grain & wheat . The original design of the flag was drawn in 1830 by prince Zanoque , Seferbie . was hand delivered to the Adyghe Nour Mohamed Hag ` ur by the British delegate James Stanislaus Bell in Gesh Valley -LRB- Current day : Sochi -RRB- where it flew for the first time among cheers by Adyghe princes and a multitude of people . This design was used by the Adyghe people in the 19th century fight against the Russian Empire . The present-day flag was adopted on March 24 , 1992 . The proportions are 2:1 . This flag reflects and revives the unity of the Adyghe Nation in Circassia and beside the Adyghes in Republic of Adyghea , it also rose widely by the Kabardians in Kabardino-Balkaria , the Cherkess in Karachay -- Cherkessia , and the Shapsugs in the southern part of Krasnodar Krai , plus by small Adyghe groups in Stavropol Krai and North Ossetia . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Lee_Daniels", "The_Devil's_Daughter_-LRB-1915_film-RRB-", "Soo_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Chinatown_-LRB-1974_film-RRB-", "Inside_Man" ]

[ "Lee Louis Daniels -LRB- born December 24 , 1959 -RRB- is an American film and television producer and director . He produced Monster 's Ball and directed Precious , which received six Academy Award nominations , including Best Director ; the film won two of the awards . In 2012 , Daniels directed The Butler , a historical fiction drama featuring an ensemble cast portraying unique events on the 20th century presidents of the United States at the White House . Daniels is also a co-creator , executive producer and director of the television series Empire and Star , which debuted in 2015 and 2016 , respectively . ", "The Devil 's Daughter was a 1915 American silent drama film directed by Frank Powell and starring Theda Bara . Based on the tragedy La Gioconda , by Gabriele D'Annunzio , the film was produced by Fox Film Corporation and shot at the Fox Studio in Fort Lee , New Jersey . It is now considered lost . ", "Soo is a 2007 South Korean film directed by Yoichi Sai -LRB- also known as Choi Yang-il -RRB- . ", "Chinatown is a 1974 American neo-noir mystery film , directed by Roman Polanski from a screenplay by Robert Towne , starring Jack Nicholson and Faye Dunaway . The film was inspired by the California Water Wars , a series of disputes over southern California water at the beginning of the 20th century , by which Los Angeles interests secured water rights in the Owens Valley . The Robert Evans production , a Paramount Pictures release , was the director 's last film in the United States and features many elements of film noir , particularly a multi-layered story that is part mystery and part psychological drama . In 1991 , the film was selected by the Library of Congress for preservation in the United States National Film Registry as being `` culturally , historically or aesthetically significant '' and it is frequently listed as one of the greatest films of all-time . At the 47th Academy Awards , it was nominated for eleven Oscars , with Towne winning Best Original Screenplay . The Golden Globe Awards honored it for Best Drama , Best Director , Best Actor and Best Screenplay . The American Film Institute placed it second among mystery films in 2008 . A sequel , The Two Jakes , was released in 1990 , again starring Nicholson , who also directed , with Robert Towne returning to write the screenplay . The film failed to generate the acclaim of its predecessor . ", "Inside Man is a 2006 American crime thriller film directed by Spike Lee , written by Russell Gewirtz . The film centers on an elaborate bank heist on Wall Street over a 24-hour period . It stars Denzel Washington as Detective Keith Frazier , the NYPD 's hostage negotiator ; Clive Owen as Dalton Russell , the mastermind who orchestrates the heist ; and Jodie Foster as Madeleine White , a Manhattan power broker who becomes involved at the request of the bank 's founder , Arthur Case -LRB- Christopher Plummer -RRB- , to keep something in his own personal safe deposit box protected from the robbers . Inside Man marks the fourth film collaboration between Washington and Lee . Gewirtz spent five years developing the film 's premise before working on what became his first original screenplay . After he completed the script in 2002 , Imagine Entertainment purchased it to be made by Universal Studios , with Imagine co-founder Ron Howard attached to direct . After Howard stepped down , his Imagine partner Brian Grazer began looking for a new director to helm the project , and ultimately hired Lee to do so . Principal photography began in June 2005 and concluded in August of that year ; filming took place on location in New York City . Inside Man premiered in New York on March 20 , 2006 before being released in North America on March 24 , 2006 . Upon release , the film received a generally positive critical response and was a commercial success , grossing over $ 184 million worldwide . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "National_Congress_of_Argentina", "Argentina", "Trade_unions_in_Argentina", "Córdoba_-LRB-Spanish_Congress_electoral_district-RRB-", "Argentine_Army" ]

[ "The Congress of the Argentine Nation -LRB- Congreso de la Nación Argentina -RRB- is the legislative branch of the government of Argentina . Its composition is bicameral , constituted by a 72-seat Senate and a 257-seat Chamber of Deputies . The Congressional Palace is located in Buenos Aires , at the western end of Avenida de Mayo -LRB- at the other end of which is located the Casa Rosada -RRB- . The Kilometre Zero for all Argentine National Highways is marked on a milestone at the Congressional Plaza , next to the building . ", "Argentina -LRB- -LSB- ɑrdʒənˈtiːnə -RSB- -LSB- aɾxenˈtina -RSB- -RRB- , officially the Argentine Republic -LRB- República Argentina -RRB- , is a federal republic in the southern portion of South America . Sharing the bulk of the Southern Cone with its neighbor Chile to the west , the country is also bordered by Bolivia and Paraguay to the north , Brazil to the northeast , Uruguay and the South Atlantic Ocean to the east , and the Drake Passage to the south . With a mainland area of 2780400 km2 , Argentina is the eighth-largest country in the world , the second largest in Latin America , and the largest Spanish-speaking one . The country is subdivided into twenty-three provinces -LRB- provincias , singular provincia -RRB- and one autonomous city -LRB- ciudad autónoma -RRB- , Buenos Aires , which is the federal capital of the nation -LRB- -LSB- Capital Federal , links = no -RSB- -RRB- as decided by Congress . The provinces and the capital have their own constitutions , but exist under a federal system . Argentina claims sovereignty over part of Antarctica , the Falkland Islands -LRB- -LSB- Islas Malvinas , links = no -RSB- -RRB- , and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands . The earliest recorded human presence in the area of modern-day Argentina dates back to the Paleolithic period . The country has its roots in Spanish colonization of the region during the 16th century . Argentina rose as the successor state of the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata , a Spanish overseas viceroyalty founded in 1776 . The declaration and fight for independence -LRB- 1810 -- 1818 -RRB- was followed by an extended civil war that lasted until 1861 , culminating in the country 's reorganization as a federation of provinces with Buenos Aires as its capital city . The country thereafter enjoyed relative peace and stability , with massive waves of European immigration radically reshaping its cultural and demographic outlook . The almost-unparalleled increase in prosperity led to Argentina becoming the seventh wealthiest developed nation in the world by the early 20th century . After 1930 , Argentina descended into political instability and periodic economic crises that pushed it back into underdevelopment , though it nevertheless remained among the fifteen richest countries until the mid-20th century . Argentina retains its historic status as a middle power in international affairs , and is a prominent regional power in the Southern Cone and Latin America . Argentina has the second largest economy in South America , the third-largest in Latin America and is a member of the G-15 and G-20 major economies . It is also a founding member of the United Nations , World Bank , World Trade Organization , Mercosur , Union of South American Nations , Community of Latin American and Caribbean States and the Organization of Ibero-American States . It is the country with the second highest Human Development Index in Latin America with a rating of `` very high '' . Because of its stability , market size and growing high-tech sector , Argentina is classified as a high-income economy . ", "Trade unions in Argentina have traditionally played a strong role in the politics of the nation . The largest trade union association , the Confederación General del Trabajo has been a force since the 1930s , and approximately 40 % of workers in the formal economy are unionized . ", "Córdoba is one of the 52 constituencies -LRB- circunscripciones -RRB- represented in the Congress of Deputies -- the lower chamber of the Spanish parliament , the Cortes Generales -- . The constituency elects six deputies . The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and a closed-list proportional representation , with a minimum threshold of 3 % . ", "The Argentine Army -LRB- Ejército Argentino , EA -RRB- is the land armed force branch of the Armed Forces of the Argentine Republic and the senior military service of the country . Under the Argentine Constitution , the President of Argentina is the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces , exercising his or her command authority through the Minister of Defense . The Army 's official foundation date is May 29 , 1810 -LRB- celebrated in Argentina as the Army Day -RRB- , four days after the Spanish colonial administration in Buenos Aires was overthrown . The new national army was formed out of several pre-existent colonial militia units and locally manned regiments ; most notably the Infantry Regiment `` Patricios '' , which to this date is still an active unit . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 2, 0 ]

[ "National_Congress_of_Argentina", "Argentina", "Trade_unions_in_Argentina", "Córdoba_-LRB-Spanish_Congress_electoral_district-RRB-", "Argentine_Army" ]

[ "The Congress of the Argentine Nation -LRB- Congreso de la Nación Argentina -RRB- is the legislative branch of the government of Argentina . Its composition is bicameral , constituted by a 72-seat Senate and a 257-seat Chamber of Deputies . The Congressional Palace is located in Buenos Aires , at the western end of Avenida de Mayo -LRB- at the other end of which is located the Casa Rosada -RRB- . The Kilometre Zero for all Argentine National Highways is marked on a milestone at the Congressional Plaza , next to the building . ", "Argentina -LRB- -LSB- ɑrdʒənˈtiːnə -RSB- -LSB- aɾxenˈtina -RSB- -RRB- , officially the Argentine Republic -LRB- República Argentina -RRB- , is a federal republic in the southern portion of South America . Sharing the bulk of the Southern Cone with its neighbor Chile to the west , the country is also bordered by Bolivia and Paraguay to the north , Brazil to the northeast , Uruguay and the South Atlantic Ocean to the east , and the Drake Passage to the south . With a mainland area of 2780400 km2 , Argentina is the eighth-largest country in the world , the second largest in Latin America , and the largest Spanish-speaking one . The country is subdivided into twenty-three provinces -LRB- provincias , singular provincia -RRB- and one autonomous city -LRB- ciudad autónoma -RRB- , Buenos Aires , which is the federal capital of the nation -LRB- -LSB- Capital Federal , links = no -RSB- -RRB- as decided by Congress . The provinces and the capital have their own constitutions , but exist under a federal system . Argentina claims sovereignty over part of Antarctica , the Falkland Islands -LRB- -LSB- Islas Malvinas , links = no -RSB- -RRB- , and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands . The earliest recorded human presence in the area of modern-day Argentina dates back to the Paleolithic period . The country has its roots in Spanish colonization of the region during the 16th century . Argentina rose as the successor state of the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata , a Spanish overseas viceroyalty founded in 1776 . The declaration and fight for independence -LRB- 1810 -- 1818 -RRB- was followed by an extended civil war that lasted until 1861 , culminating in the country 's reorganization as a federation of provinces with Buenos Aires as its capital city . The country thereafter enjoyed relative peace and stability , with massive waves of European immigration radically reshaping its cultural and demographic outlook . The almost-unparalleled increase in prosperity led to Argentina becoming the seventh wealthiest developed nation in the world by the early 20th century . After 1930 , Argentina descended into political instability and periodic economic crises that pushed it back into underdevelopment , though it nevertheless remained among the fifteen richest countries until the mid-20th century . Argentina retains its historic status as a middle power in international affairs , and is a prominent regional power in the Southern Cone and Latin America . Argentina has the second largest economy in South America , the third-largest in Latin America and is a member of the G-15 and G-20 major economies . It is also a founding member of the United Nations , World Bank , World Trade Organization , Mercosur , Union of South American Nations , Community of Latin American and Caribbean States and the Organization of Ibero-American States . It is the country with the second highest Human Development Index in Latin America with a rating of `` very high '' . Because of its stability , market size and growing high-tech sector , Argentina is classified as a high-income economy . ", "Trade unions in Argentina have traditionally played a strong role in the politics of the nation . The largest trade union association , the Confederación General del Trabajo has been a force since the 1930s , and approximately 40 % of workers in the formal economy are unionized . ", "Córdoba is one of the 52 constituencies -LRB- circunscripciones -RRB- represented in the Congress of Deputies -- the lower chamber of the Spanish parliament , the Cortes Generales -- . The constituency elects six deputies . The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and a closed-list proportional representation , with a minimum threshold of 3 % . ", "The Argentine Army -LRB- Ejército Argentino , EA -RRB- is the land armed force branch of the Armed Forces of the Argentine Republic and the senior military service of the country . Under the Argentine Constitution , the President of Argentina is the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces , exercising his or her command authority through the Minister of Defense . The Army 's official foundation date is May 29 , 1810 -LRB- celebrated in Argentina as the Army Day -RRB- , four days after the Spanish colonial administration in Buenos Aires was overthrown . The new national army was formed out of several pre-existent colonial militia units and locally manned regiments ; most notably the Infantry Regiment `` Patricios '' , which to this date is still an active unit . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 2, 0 ]

[ "One_True_Thing", "A_Very_Natural_Thing", "So_Real_-LRB-album-RRB-", "Frederic_Remington-COLON-_The_Truth_of_Other_Days", "Molly-COLON-_An_American_Girl_on_the_Home_Front" ]

[ "One True Thing is a 1998 American drama film directed by Carl Franklin . It tells the story of a woman who is forced to put her life on hold in order to care for her mother who is dying of cancer . It was adapted by Karen Croner from the novel by Anna Quindlen . The novel and film are based on Anna Quindlen 's real life and her struggle of dealing with the death of her mother , Prudence Pantano Quindlen in 1972 , due to ovarian cancer . The film stars Meryl Streep , Renée Zellweger , William Hurt and Tom Everett Scott . Bette Midler sings the lead song , `` My One True Friend '' , over the end credits . The track was first released on Midler 's 1998 album Bathhouse Betty . It was shot in Morristown , NJ , Maplewood , NJ , as well as in Princeton University . ", "A Very Natural Thing is a 1974 film about a gay man named David who leaves a monastery to become a public school teacher by day , while looking for true love in a gay bar by night . It was one of the first films about gay relationships intended for mainstream , commercial distribution . The original title of the film was For as Long as Possible . It was directed by Christopher Larkin and was released to lukewarm reviews in 1973 and given an R rating by the Motion Picture Association of America . ", "So Real is the debut studio album by American pop singer Mandy Moore . The album was released on December 7 , 1999 , in the United States by Epic Records . The album 's lyrical and visual representations maintained the common theme of virginal innocence in the late 1990s teen pop revival . The album was released mainly due to the success of teen artists Britney Spears and Christina Aguilera , who released their debut albums that same year to commercial success . So Real became a moderate hit in the United States , reaching a peak of 31 on the Billboard 200 albums chart , as well as being certified Platinum by the RIAA , for shipments of over 1 million . The album spawned a Top 40 hit with `` Candy '' and went gold within three months in the RIAA , although such success was considered trivial compared to the overwhelming popularity of teen pop 's biggest stars at the time . ", "Frederic Remington : The Truth of Other Days is a 1991 documentary of American Western artist Frederic Remington made for the PBS series American Masters . It was produced and directed by Tom Neff and written by Neff and Louise LeQuire . Actor Gregory Peck narrated the film and Ned Beatty was the voice of Remington when reading his correspondence . The documentary was produced by the Metropolitan Museum of Art , New York ; NHK Corporation -LRB- Japan -RRB- ; and Polaris Entertainment , Nashville , Tennessee . It was the first documentary to be filmed in High Definition Television -LRB- HDTV -RRB- , but at the time it was years away from high-definition television broadcasting . ", "An American Girl on the Home Front is the third movie in the American Girl film series , but is the first to premiere on the Disney Channel . The first two movies in the series were broadcast on The WB Television Network , but the series moved since it no longer fit in with its original network following the WB/UPN merger . It premiered on November 26 , 2006 , but was not tagged as a Disney Channel Original Movie . The film stars Maya Ritter in the title role , with Molly Ringwald , David Aaron Baker , Tory Green and Genevieve Farrell in their supporting roles . The screenwriter , Anna Sandor , won the 2007 Humanitas Prize for the movie . " ]

[ 2, 2, 1, 2, 2 ]

[ "Sonny_&_Cher", "Sonny_Bono", "Cherish_-LRB-David_Cassidy_album-RRB-", "Kristin_Espinasse", "Chéreng" ]

[ "Sonny & Cher were an American pop music duo , actors , singers and entertainers made up of husband-and-wife Sonny and Cher Bono in the 1960s and 1970s . The couple started their career in the mid-1960s as R&B backing singers for record producer Phil Spector . The pair first achieved fame with two hit songs in 1965 , `` Baby Do n't Go '' and `` I Got You Babe '' . Signing with Atco/Atlantic Records , they released three studio albums in the late 1960s , as well as the soundtrack recording for an unsuccessful movie , Good Times . In 1972 , after four years of silence , the couple returned to the studio and released two other albums under the MCA/Kapp Records label . In the 1970s , they also positioned themselves as media personalities with two top ten TV shows in the US , The Sonny & Cher Comedy Hour and The Sonny & Cher Show . The couple 's career as a duo ended in 1975 following their divorce . In the decade they spent together , Sonny and Cher sold over 40 million records worldwide . Performing under her first name , Cher went on to a highly successful career as a solo singer and actress , while Sonny Bono was eventually elected to Congress as a Republican U.S. Representative from California . The two performers were inducted to the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 1998 , following Sonny 's death in a skiing accident . ", "Salvatore Phillip `` Sonny '' Bono -LRB- -LSB- ˈboʊnoʊ -RSB- February 16 , 1935 -- January 5 , 1998 -RRB- was an American singer , producer , and politician who came to fame in partnership with his second wife Cher , as the popular singing duo Sonny & Cher . He was mayor of Palm Springs , California from 1988 to 1992 , and congressman for California 's 44th district from 1995 until his death in 1998 . The United States Federal Copyright Term Extension Act , which extended the term of copyright by 20 years , is now commonly known as the Sonny Bono Act . ", "Cherish is the debut solo album by American singer David Cassidy , produced by Wes Farrell and released by Bell Records in early 1972 . ", "Kristin Espinasse -LRB- 22 December 1968 -RRB- is an American-born author and photographer . She is the author of the book Words in a French Life : Lessons in Love and Language from the South of France . She is also the creator and editor of the thrice-weekly French Word-a-Day weblog and its accompanying newsletter . She also publishes cinema verite , a weekly photography showcase that features photographs from France and other countries . Her most recent book , French Word-A-Day Summer 2009 Stories , was published on December 1 , 2009 . ", "Chéreng is a commune of the Nord department in northern France . " ]

[ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "The_Babe", "Jake_Goodman", "Charles_Eldridge", "Babes_at_Sea", "The_Sheep-Pig" ]

[ "The Babe is a 1992 American biographical drama film about the life of famed baseball player Babe Ruth , who is portrayed by John Goodman . It was directed by Arthur Hiller , written by John Fusco and released in the United States on April 17 , 1992 . ", "Jacob Goodman -LRB- September 14 , 1853 -- March 9 , 1890 -RRB- was a major league baseball player who played for the 1877 Pittsburgh Alleghenys , 1878 Milwaukee Grays and the 1882 Pittsburgh Alleghenys . While playing in the minor leagues in 1884 , Goodman was beaned by a pitch . After the head trauma , he became mentally unbalanced and suffered from palsy , ending his baseball career . He died of complications related to his injury at the age of 36 , on March 6 , 1890 . ", "Charles Eldridge -LRB- September 25 , 1854 -- October 29 , 1922 -RRB- was an American stage and screen actor of the late 19th and early 20th centuries . In the film industry he appeared in over 100 films , although the majority of those were film shorts . He began on the stage during the 1870s , and appeared in at least one Broadway play , Charles Frohman 's 1899 production of Because She Loved Him So . His first appearance in film was in a 1910 short , The Legacy , in which he starred . His first appearance in a feature film was in The Strange Story of Sylvia Gray . In addition to the over 100 shorts he was in , Eldridge appeared in 27 feature films between 1914 and 1922 . In his roles in full-length films , he would usually appear in a supporting role , although occasionally be given a lead , as in 1917 's Polly of the Circus , 1920 's Broken Hearts , and 1922 's Ashamed of Parents . Polly of the Circus was notable for being the first film released by Goldwyn Pictures , which was shot in Fort Lee , New Jersey , mostly at rented space at the studios owned by Universal Studios . His final screen appearance would be in a supporting role in the 1922 film , No Trespassing , which starred Irene Castle of the famous dancing team , Vernon and Irene Castle . No Trespassing was released on June 11 , 1922 , and Eldridge would die soon after , on October 29 , 1922 in New York City . ", "Babes at Sea is a 1934 Color Rhapsodies film . ", "The Sheep-Pig , or Babe , the Gallant Pig in the U.S. , is a children 's novel by Dick King-Smith , first published by Gollancz in 1983 with illustrations by Mary Rayner . Set in rural England , where King-Smith spent twenty years as a farmer , it features a lone pig on a sheep farm . It was adapted as the 1995 film Babe , which was a great international success . King-Smith won the 1984 Guardian Children 's Fiction Award , a once-in-a-lifetime book award judged by a panel of British children 's writers . Crown published the first U.S. edition in 1985 , retaining the Rayner illustrations under the new title Babe , the Gallant Pig . There have been dozens of English-language editions and translations in fifteen other languages , primarily in 1995 and later , sometimes with new illustrations . " ]

[ 1, 0, 1, 0, 1 ]

[ "The_Babe", "Jake_Goodman", "Charles_Eldridge", "Babes_at_Sea", "The_Sheep-Pig" ]

[ "The Babe is a 1992 American biographical drama film about the life of famed baseball player Babe Ruth , who is portrayed by John Goodman . It was directed by Arthur Hiller , written by John Fusco and released in the United States on April 17 , 1992 . ", "Jacob Goodman -LRB- September 14 , 1853 -- March 9 , 1890 -RRB- was a major league baseball player who played for the 1877 Pittsburgh Alleghenys , 1878 Milwaukee Grays and the 1882 Pittsburgh Alleghenys . While playing in the minor leagues in 1884 , Goodman was beaned by a pitch . After the head trauma , he became mentally unbalanced and suffered from palsy , ending his baseball career . He died of complications related to his injury at the age of 36 , on March 6 , 1890 . ", "Charles Eldridge -LRB- September 25 , 1854 -- October 29 , 1922 -RRB- was an American stage and screen actor of the late 19th and early 20th centuries . In the film industry he appeared in over 100 films , although the majority of those were film shorts . He began on the stage during the 1870s , and appeared in at least one Broadway play , Charles Frohman 's 1899 production of Because She Loved Him So . His first appearance in film was in a 1910 short , The Legacy , in which he starred . His first appearance in a feature film was in The Strange Story of Sylvia Gray . In addition to the over 100 shorts he was in , Eldridge appeared in 27 feature films between 1914 and 1922 . In his roles in full-length films , he would usually appear in a supporting role , although occasionally be given a lead , as in 1917 's Polly of the Circus , 1920 's Broken Hearts , and 1922 's Ashamed of Parents . Polly of the Circus was notable for being the first film released by Goldwyn Pictures , which was shot in Fort Lee , New Jersey , mostly at rented space at the studios owned by Universal Studios . His final screen appearance would be in a supporting role in the 1922 film , No Trespassing , which starred Irene Castle of the famous dancing team , Vernon and Irene Castle . No Trespassing was released on June 11 , 1922 , and Eldridge would die soon after , on October 29 , 1922 in New York City . ", "Babes at Sea is a 1934 Color Rhapsodies film . ", "The Sheep-Pig , or Babe , the Gallant Pig in the U.S. , is a children 's novel by Dick King-Smith , first published by Gollancz in 1983 with illustrations by Mary Rayner . Set in rural England , where King-Smith spent twenty years as a farmer , it features a lone pig on a sheep farm . It was adapted as the 1995 film Babe , which was a great international success . King-Smith won the 1984 Guardian Children 's Fiction Award , a once-in-a-lifetime book award judged by a panel of British children 's writers . Crown published the first U.S. edition in 1985 , retaining the Rayner illustrations under the new title Babe , the Gallant Pig . There have been dozens of English-language editions and translations in fifteen other languages , primarily in 1995 and later , sometimes with new illustrations . " ]

[ 1, 0, 1, 0, 1 ]

[ "Stomp_the_Yard", "Columbus_Short", "Melissa_Straker", "Darrin_Henson", "Bridgette_Kerkove" ]

[ "Stomp the Yard is a 2007 dance drama film produced by Rainforest Films and released through Sony Pictures ' Screen Gems division on January 12 , 2007 . Directed by Sylvain White , Stomp the Yard centers on DJ Williams , a college student at a fictional historically Black university who pledges to join a fictional Greek-letter fraternity . The film 's central conflict involves DJ 's fraternity competing in various stepping competitions against a rival fraternity from the same school . The film 's script was written by Robert Adetuyi , working from an original draft by Gregory Ramon Anderson . The film was originally titled Steppin '' ' , but to avoid confusion over the 2006 film Step Up , the title was changed . Delta Sigma Theta along with other sororities like Gamma Theta were in the movie . The film stars Columbus Short , Meagan Good , Darrin Henson , Brian White , Laz Alonso , and Valarie Pettiford , with Harry Lennix , and , in their film debuts , R&B singers Ne-Yo & Chris Brown . Stomp the Yard was filmed in Atlanta , Georgia , on the campuses of Morris Brown College , Georgia Institute of Technology , Morehouse College , and Clark Atlanta University , and in the MAK Historic District of Decatur , Georgia . Elsewhere Short and Brown had also starred together in the film This Christmas '' . ", "Columbus Keith Short , Jr. -LRB- born September 19 , 1982 -RRB- is an American choreographer , actor , and singer . He choreographed Britney Spears 's Onyx Hotel Tour and worked with Brian Friedman -LRB- of So You Think You Can Dance fame -RRB- . He is best known for his roles in the films Stomp the Yard , Cadillac Records , Armored , and The Losers . He previously starred as a series regular in the ABC drama Scandal , as Harrison Wright . On April 26 , 2014 , it was announced that Short would leave Scandal after three seasons with the show . ", "Melissa Straker-Taylor -LRB- born January 23 , 1976 -RRB- is a retired female track and field sprinter from Barbados , who twice represented her native country at the Summer Olympics : 1996 and 2000 . She won a bronze medal in the women 's 4x400 metres relay at the 1999 Pan American Games , alongside Joanne Durant , Andrea Blackett , and Tanya Oxley . ", "Darrin Dewitt Henson -LRB- born May 5 , 1972 -RRB- is an American choreographer , dancer , actor , director and producer , best known for his instructional dance video Darrin 's Dance Grooves -LRB- which was heavily marketed in 2001 and 2002 -RRB- , and for his portrayal of ex-convict Lem Van Adams on the Showtime TV series Soul Food , which is the longest-running drama with a predominantly African-American cast in television history . Henson attended `` Prep For Prep '' , a non-profit organization based on prepping NYC 's top colored students . Henson also starred in productions such as the motion picture Stomp the Yard . In 2003 , Henson directed the film Violation . He has choreographed music videos and concerts for such popular music artists as New Kids on the Block , Jordan Knight , Britney Spears , Backstreet Boys , 98 Degrees , NSYNC and Spice Girls . ", "Bridgette Kerkove -LRB- born February 8 , 1977 -RRB- is an American former pornographic actress and director . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Backing_vocalist", "Self_-LRB-band-RRB-", "Vocal_harmony", "Andy_Lee_-LRB-German_musician-RRB-", "Southbound_Fearing" ]

[ "Backing vocalists are singers who provide vocal harmony with the lead vocalist or other backing vocalists . In some cases , a backing singer may sing alone as a lead-in to the main vocalist 's entry or to sing a counter-melody . Backing vocalists are used in a broad range of popular music , traditional music and world music styles . Solo artists may employ professional backing vocalists in studio recording sessions as well as during concerts . In many rock and metal bands -LRB- e.g. , the power trio -RRB- , the musicians doing backup vocals also play instruments , such as guitar , electric bass , drums , or keyboards . In Latin or Afro-Cuban groups , backup singers may play percussion instruments or shakers while singing . In some pop and hip-hop groups and in musical theater , the backup singers may be required to perform elaborately choreographed dance routines while they sing through headset microphones . The style of singing used by backup singers varies according to the type of song and the genre of music the band plays . In pop and country songs , backup vocalists may perform vocal harmony parts to support the lead vocalist . In hardcore punk or rockabilly , other band members who play instruments may sing or shout backup vocals during the chorus -LRB- refrain -RRB- section of the songs . ", "Self -LRB- stylized as sElf or SeLF -RRB- is an American alternative pop/rock band from Murfreesboro , Tennessee and is largely the creative vision of writer , singer , producer , and multi-instrumentalist Matt Mahaffey . Though it is considered a band and not a solo project , Matt Mahaffey is the primary performer of all instrumentation and vocals on studio albums . Other members have contributed occasional parts on albums and have participated in live performances . The band currently consists of Chris James -LRB- keyboards , piano , samplers , guitar , backing vocals -RRB- , Mac Burrus -LRB- bass guitar , keyboards , horns , backing vocals -RRB- , and Jason Rawlings -LRB- Drums -RRB- . Past members include Matt 's brother , Mike Mahaffey -LRB- lead guitar , keyboards , vocals -RRB- and Timm Nobles -LRB- bass guitar -RRB- . Mahaffey cites Electric Light Orchestra , Prince , and Pixies as some of his biggest musical influences . ", "Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture . Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music , including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads . In the simplest style of vocal harmony , the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line , either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line , often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song . In more complex vocal harmony arrangements , different backup singers may sing two or even three other notes at the same time as each of the main melody notes , mostly with consonant , pleasing-sounding thirds , sixths , and fifths -LRB- although dissonant notes may be used as short passing notes -RRB- . ", "Andy Lee is a German musician who plays American piano rock 'n' roll music solo or with his backing band Tennessee Rain . In 2012 , with other Hannover-based musicians , Lee took part in the release of HerzStücke a fund-raising CD for Hannover 's children 's hospital . ", "Southbound Fearing are an American Christian rock band , who primarily plays Christian alternative rock with rock and roll . They come from Toledo , Ohio . The band started making music in 2006 , and their lead vocalist is Brady Leonard . They have released three studio albums and two extended plays , with Red Cord Records . The group have charted eight songs on the Billboard magazine Christian rock songs chart . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Sonny_Bono", "Sonny_&_Cher", "Kiyoshi_Kuromiya", "Joaquim_Veà_Baró", "Deaths_of_Lucia_and_Leo_Krim" ]

[ "Salvatore Phillip `` Sonny '' Bono -LRB- -LSB- ˈboʊnoʊ -RSB- February 16 , 1935 -- January 5 , 1998 -RRB- was an American singer , producer , and politician who came to fame in partnership with his second wife Cher , as the popular singing duo Sonny & Cher . He was mayor of Palm Springs , California from 1988 to 1992 , and congressman for California 's 44th district from 1995 until his death in 1998 . The United States Federal Copyright Term Extension Act , which extended the term of copyright by 20 years , is now commonly known as the Sonny Bono Act . ", "Sonny & Cher were an American pop music duo , actors , singers and entertainers made up of husband-and-wife Sonny and Cher Bono in the 1960s and 1970s . The couple started their career in the mid-1960s as R&B backing singers for record producer Phil Spector . The pair first achieved fame with two hit songs in 1965 , `` Baby Do n't Go '' and `` I Got You Babe '' . Signing with Atco/Atlantic Records , they released three studio albums in the late 1960s , as well as the soundtrack recording for an unsuccessful movie , Good Times . In 1972 , after four years of silence , the couple returned to the studio and released two other albums under the MCA/Kapp Records label . In the 1970s , they also positioned themselves as media personalities with two top ten TV shows in the US , The Sonny & Cher Comedy Hour and The Sonny & Cher Show . The couple 's career as a duo ended in 1975 following their divorce . In the decade they spent together , Sonny and Cher sold over 40 million records worldwide . Performing under her first name , Cher went on to a highly successful career as a solo singer and actress , while Sonny Bono was eventually elected to Congress as a Republican U.S. Representative from California . The two performers were inducted to the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 1998 , following Sonny 's death in a skiing accident . ", "Kiyoshi Kuromiya -LRB- May 9 , 1943 -- May 10 , 2000 -RRB- was a Japanese American author and civil rights activist . He was born in a Japanese American internment camp on May 9 , 1943 in Heart Mountain , Wyoming . He died on the night of May 10 , 2000 , due to complications from AIDS . In the 1950s , Steven Kiyoshi Kuromiya lived with his father and mother and younger sister in Monrovia , California , a suburb of Los Angeles in the east San Gabriel Valley . In 1961 , he graduated with honors from Monrovia High School , where he was active in the Scholarship Society and the Science Club . He was accepted at the University of Pennsylvania . He was a committed civil rights and anti-war activist . He was also one of the founders of Gay Liberation Front - Philadelphia and served as an openly gay delegate to the Black Panther Convention that endorsed the gay liberation struggle . Kuromiya was an assistant of Martin Luther King Jr. and took care of King 's children immediately following his assassination . To protest of the use of napalm in Vietnam in 1968 , he announced that a dog would be burned alive in front of the University of Pennsylvania 's Van Pelt Library . Thousands turned up to protest , only to find a message from Kuromiya : `` Congratulations on your anti-napalm protest . You saved the life of a dog . Now , how about saving the lives of tens of thousands of people in Vietnam . '' Kuromiya was involved in all aspects of the AIDS movement , including radical direct action with ACT UP Philadelphia and the ACT UP network , People With AIDS -LRB- PWA -RRB- empowerment and coalition-building through We The People Living with HIV/AIDS , national and international research advocacy , and loving and compassionate mentor ship and care for hundreds of people living with HIV . Kiyoshi was the editor of the ACT UP Standard of Care , the first standard of care for people living with HIV produced by PWAs . Kiyoshi is perhaps best known as the founder of the Critical Path Project , which brought the strategies and theories of his associate/mentor Buckminster Fuller to the struggle against AIDS . The Critical Path newsletter , one of the earliest and most comprehensive sources of HIV treatment information , was routinely mailed to thousands of people living with HIV all over the world . He also sent newsletters to hundreds of incarcerated individuals to insure their access to up-to-date treatment information . Critical Path provides free access to the Internet to thousands of people living with HIV in Philadelphia and the region , hosted over a hundred AIDS related web pages and discussion lists , and showed a whole generation of activists and people living with HIV that the Internet can be a tool for information , empowerment and organizing . Kiyoshi Kuromiya was a leader in the struggle to maintain freedom of speech on the Internet , participating in the successful lawsuit against the Communications Decency Act . Kuromiya was the leading plaintiff in the Supreme Court of the United States case , Kuromiya vs. The United States of America , calling for the legalization of marijuana for medical uses . He was also a nationally ranked Scrabble player and a master of Kundalini yoga . He was the author -LRB- as Steve Kuromiya -RRB- of 1968 Collegiate Guide to Greater Philadelphia -LRB- 1967 -RRB- and , with R. Buckminster Fuller , of Cosmography : A Posthumous Scenario for the Future of Humanity -LRB- 1992 -RRB- . ", "Joaquim Veà Baró -LRB- October 11 , 1958 -- February 23 , 2016 -RRB- was a Catalan primatologist . He had been a student of Jordi Sabater Pi , was biopsychology professor at the University of Barcelona and director of the Primate Research Centre of the same university . His research in the jungles of Zaire and Veracruz focused on the relationship between the environment and behavior of non-human primates , and changes in their relationships due to human activity . He died in Barcelona on February 23 , 2016 , two years after being diagnosed with Cancer . ", "In the late afternoon of October 25 , 2012 , Lucia and Leo Krim were killed at the La Rochelle apartment building on the Upper West Side of Manhattan in New York City . The children 's part-time nanny , Yoselyn Ortega , is accused of stabbing the children to death while their mother Marina Krim and three-year-old sister Nessie were a few blocks away at a swimming lesson . Upon returning home , their mother and sister found Lucia and Leo dead in a bathtub at the family apartment . Ortega then began stabbing herself repeatedly in the neck and throat . The stabbings were reported by the international press . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 0, 0 ]

[ "Ding_Yanyuhang", "Yu_Zhuocheng", "Tang_Yuting", "Ba_Yan", "Pei_Yuwen" ]

[ "Ding Yanyuhang -LRB- alternate spelling : Yan Yu Hang -RRB- -LRB- , born August 20 , 1993 -RRB- is a Chinese professional basketball player . He currently plays for the Shandong Golden Stars of the Chinese Basketball Association -LRB- CBA -RRB- . ", "Yu Zhuocheng -LRB- born December 7 , 1975 in Guangdong -RRB- is a male diver from PR China . Yu won a silver medal in the 3 metre springboard diving at the 1996 Summer Olympic Games . ", "Tang Yuting -LRB- ; born 26 April 1999 in Conghua , Guangzhou -RRB- is a Chinese female swimmer . At the 2015 World Championships in Kazan , Russia , Tang ` group of four people took the 7th in the 4 × 100 m freestyle event at 3:37.64 in the final , 54.45 seconds by herself , thus qualifying her for the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro . ", "Ba Yan -LRB- born 18 December 1962 -RRB- is a Chinese former basketball player who competed in the 1984 Summer Olympics . ", "Pei Yuwen -LRB- ; ; born 4 July 1985 in Longjing , Yanbian -RRB- is a Chinese footballer of Korean descent who currently plays for Chinese Super League side Yanbian FC . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Doug_Petrie", "Luigi_Petrucci", "Ferruccio_Furlanetto", "Samantha_Dorrance", "Salvatore_Fisichella" ]

[ "Douglas `` Doug '' Petrie is an American screenwriter , director , and producer . Best known as a writer , director , and co-executive producer on Buffy the Vampire Slayer . He co-wrote the screenplays for the Fantastic Four film and Harriet the Spy . He has also written for the television shows Angel , The 4400 , Tru Calling and American Horror Story : Coven . He served as a co-executive producer and writer for two seasons on CSI : Crime Scene Investigation and as a consulting producer and writer on the second season of Pushing Daisies . He made a cameo on Joss Whedon 's web-based film , Dr. Horrible 's Sing-Along Blog , as `` Professor Normal '' . He served as co-executive producer on the first season of the Netflix show Daredevil , and took over as showrunner for its second season alongside Marco Ramirez . In April 2016 Petrie and Ramirez were announced as showrunners of The Defenders , a miniseries that crosses over Daredevil , Jessica Jones , Luke Cage , and Iron Fist . ", "Luigi Petrucci -LRB- born 13 September 1956 in Naples -RRB- is an Italian film and television actor . Petrucci made his debut in the entertainment world as a stage actor , on stage in numerous Italian cities . By an active career , he finally entered the world of television and films . During his career he has taken part in several television series and TV movies , mainly for RAI productions . ", "Ferruccio Furlanetto -LRB- born 16 May 1949 in Sacile , Italy -RRB- is an Italian bass . His professional debut was in 1974 in Lonigo , he debuted at the Teatro alla Scala in Milan in 1979 , in a production of Verdi 's Macbeth , conducted by Claudio Abbado . He has gone on to sing numerous roles , including both Don Giovanni and Leporello in Mozart 's Don Giovanni , Philip II in Verdi 's Don Carlos , Figaro in Mozart 's Le nozze di Figaro , Gremin in Tchaikovsky 's Eugene Onegin , Zaccaria in Verdi 's Nabucco , Méphistophélès in Gounod 's Faust , Orestes in Strauss ' Elektra , Fiesco in Verdi 's Simon Boccanegra , the title role of Mussorgsky 's Boris Godunov , as well as many other roles . He has sung in the world 's major opera houses . He debuted at the Metropolitan Opera in the 1980/81 season , and has performed at the Opéra de Paris -LRB- Bastille -RRB- , the Salzburg Easter Festival and the regular Salzburg Festival , Teatro Colón in Buenos Aires , the Vienna Staatsoper , the Tel Aviv Opera , and the Royal Opera House in London . His appearances in the United States have been primarily with the Metropolitan Opera and San Diego Opera . With the latter company , he has sung the title role in Oberto -LRB- 1985 -RRB- , Méphistophélès in Faust -LRB- 1988 and 2001 -RRB- , the title role in Don Giovanni -LRB- 1993 and 2000 -RRB- , King Philip in Don Carlo -LRB- 2004 -RRB- , Basilio in Il barbiere di Siviglia -LRB- 2006 -RRB- , and his only US appearances in the title roles in Boris Godunov -LRB- 2007 -RRB- and Don Quichotte in 2009 and 2014 . He reprised his performance in Don Quichotte in Palermo and in Mariinsky Theater -LRB- St.Petersburg -RRB- in 2010 , and his first US performances as Thomas Becket in Pizzetti 's Assassinio nella cattedrale was in 2013 . He is also widely in demand as a concert singer . He sang in Mozart 's Coronation Mass under the baton of Herbert von Karajan , in an extraordinary performance at the Vatican in the presence of Pope John Paul II that was broadcast worldwide . He has appeared often in recital at La Scala , the Berlin Deutsche Oper , the Gran Teatro del Liceu of Barcelona , the Vienna Musikverein , the BBC Proms 2011 in the Royal Albert Hall , and many other venues . On DVD , Furlanetto can be seen as the Grand Inquisiteur in Verdi 's Don Carlos , in a production conducted by James Levine and staged by John Dexter , from the Met , in 1983 . Also in the cast are Plácido Domingo , Mirella Freni , Grace Bumbry , Louis Quilico and Nicolai Ghiaurov . He can also be seen as King Philip II in the same work , under the baton of Herbert von Karajan , with Jose Carreras , Piero Cappuccilli , and Matti Salminen . Furlanetto is featured in a DVD of Mozart 's Don Giovanni , playing the part of Leporello , under the baton of Herbert von Karajan conducting the Vienna Philharmonic in the 1987 Salzburg Festival . Furthermore , Furlanetto plays the part of Sparafucile in Jean-Pierre Ponnelle 's 1982 production of Rigoletto -LRB- alongside Luciano Pavarotti -RRB- . He also appears in I Vespri Siciliani , a 1989 Scala production conducted by Riccardo Muti . ", "Samantha Dorrance is a British actress , singer and dancer from Willenhall in the West Midlands who reached fame on Disney Channel UK . She played the lead role of Laura in both the UK Tour and West End versions of Dreamboats and Petticoats . ", "Salvatore Fisichella -LRB- born May 15 , 1943 in Catania , Sicily -RRB- is an Italian operatic tenor known for his roles in bel canto operas , especially those of Rossini , Donizetti , and Bellini . He has been recognized for the ease and vocal brilliance of his singing , and for having sung more of the leading roles in Bellini 's operas than any other 20th century tenor . " ]

[ 0, 0, 2, 0, 2 ]

[ "Java", "Pangandaran_Regency", "Javanese_language", "Karimunjava", "Jakarta" ]

[ "Java -LRB- Indonesian : Jawa ; Javanese : ꦗꦮ ; Sundanese : -RRB- is an island of Indonesia . With a population of over 141 million -LRB- the island itself -RRB- or 145 million -LRB- the administrative region -RRB- Census released in December 2015 , Java is home to 56.7 percent of the Indonesian population and is the most populous island on Earth . The Indonesian capital city , Jakarta , is located on western Java . Much of Indonesian history took place on Java . It was the center of powerful Hindu-Buddhist empires , the Islamic sultanates , and the core of the colonial Dutch East Indies . Java was also the center of the Indonesian struggle for independence during the 1930s and 1940s . Java dominates Indonesia politically , economically and culturally . Formed mostly as the result of volcanic eruptions , Java is the 13th largest island in the world and the fifth largest in Indonesia . A chain of volcanic mountains forms an east -- west spine along the island . Three main languages are spoken on the island : Javanese , Sundanese , and Madurese . Of these , Javanese is the dominant ; it is the native language of about 60 million people in Indonesia , most of whom live on Java . Furthermore , most residents are bilingual , speaking Indonesian -LRB- the official language of Indonesia -RRB- as their first or second language . While the majority of the people of Java are Muslim , Java has a diverse mixture of religious beliefs , ethnicities , and cultures . Java is divided into four provinces , West Java , Central Java , East Java , and Banten , and two special regions , Jakarta and Yogyakarta . ", "Pangandaran Regency is a recently created Regency in West Java province , Indonesia , formed on 25 October 2012 out of the southern portion of Ciamis Regency . The population of this area as at the 2010 Census was 383,848 . The administrative capital is Parigi . Pangandaran Regency contains a beach called Pantai Pangandaran -LRB- Pangandaran Beach -RRB- and Cukang Taneuh Canyon -LRB- Green Canyon -RRB- . ", "Javanese -LSB- dʒɑːvəˈniːz -RSB- -LRB- , ; -LSB- bɔsɔ dʒɔwɔ -RSB- -RRB- -LRB- colloquially known as , ; -LSB- tjɔrɔ dʒɔwɔ -RSB- -RRB- is the language of the Javanese people from the central and eastern parts of the island of Java , in Indonesia . There are also pockets of Javanese speakers in the northern coast of western Java . It is the native language of more than 98 million people -LRB- more than 42 % of the total population of Indonesia -RRB- . Javanese is one of the Austronesian languages , but it is not particularly close to other languages and is difficult to classify . Its closest relatives are the neighbouring languages such as Sundanese , Madurese and Balinese . Most speakers of Javanese also speak Indonesian , the standardized form of Malay spoken in Indonesia , for official and commercial purposes as well as a means to communicate with non-Javanese-speaking Indonesians . There are speakers of Javanese in Malaysia -LRB- concentrated in the states of Selangor and Johor -RRB- and Singapore . Some people of Javanese descent in Suriname -LRB- the Dutch colony of Suriname until 1975 -RRB- speak a creole descendant of the language . ", "Crimon Java Islands or Karimunjava Islands -LRB- Indonesian : Kepulauan Karimunjawa -RRB- is an archipelago of 27 islands in the Java Sea , Indonesia , approximately 80 kilometres northwest of Jepara . The islands ' name means ' a stone 's throw from Java ' in Javanese . They have a total land area of 78 km2 . The main island is known as Karimun -LRB- 2,700 ha -RRB- , while the second-largest island is Kemujan -LRB- 1,400 ha -RRB- . In 2011 , the population of the island group was about 9,000 who lived on five of the islands . The population is largely Javanese , with pockets of Bugis and Madurese inhabitants . Javanese culture is dominant in the islands which are the only islands off Java where Javanese is the lingua franca . Twenty-two of the islands have been declared 2001 as a marine reserve , the Karimunjava National Park . Five more islands are either privately owned or are under the control of the Indonesian Navy . ", "Jakarta -LSB- dʒəˈkɑrtə -RSB- Pronounced in Indonesian language : -LSB- dʒaˈkarta -RSB- . -LRB- formerly named Sunda Kelapa , Jayakarta and Batavia ; officially the Special Capital Region of Jakarta -RRB- is the capital and most populous city of Indonesia . Located on the northwest coast of the world 's most populous island of Java , Jakarta is the country 's economic , cultural and political centre , with a population of 10,075,310 . The Greater Jakarta metropolitan area , known as Jabodetabek -LRB- a name formed by combining the initial syllables of Jakarta , Bogor , Depok , Tangerang and Bekasi -RRB- , is the second largest in the world , with population of 30,214,303 inhabitants census . Established in the fourth century , the city became an important trading port for the Kingdom of Sunda . It was the de facto capital of the Dutch East Indies -LRB- known as Batavia at that time -RRB- . The city is currently the seat of the ASEAN Secretariat as well as important financial institutions such as the Bank of Indonesia , the Indonesia Stock Exchange , and the corporate headquarters of numerous Indonesian companies and multinational corporations . As of 2017 , six of Forbes Global 2000 companies have headquarter in the city . The city is also home for two of Fortune 500 companies in 2016 . Jakarta 's business opportunities , as well as its potential to offer a higher standard of living , attract migrants from all over Indonesia , making the city a melting pot of many communities and cultures . Jakarta is listed as an Alpha Global City in the 2016 Globalization and World Cities Study Group and Network -LRB- GaWC -RRB- research . Based on the global metro monitor by the Brookings Institution , in 2014 , economic growth in Jakarta ranked 34th among the world 's 200 largest cities . Jakarta has grown more rapidly than Kuala Lumpur , Beijing , and Bangkok . " ]

[ 1, 0, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Qin_dynasty", "Duke_Xian_of_Qin_-LRB-725–704_BC-RRB-", "Duke_Kang_of_Qin", "Han_dynasty", "Duke_Ligong_of_Qin" ]

[ "The Qin dynasty was the first dynasty of Imperial China , lasting from 221 to 206 BC . Named for its heartland of Qin , in modern-day Gansu and Shaanxi , the dynasty was formed after the conquest of six other states by the Qin state , and its founding emperor named Qin Shi Huang , the First Emperor of Qin . The strength of the Qin state was greatly increased by the `` Legalist '' reforms of Shang Yang in the fourth century BC , during the Warring States period . In the mid and late third century BC , the Qin accomplished a series of swift conquests , first ending the powerless Zhou dynasty , and eventually conquering the other six of the Seven Warring States to gain control over the whole of China . It is also the shortest dynasty in Chinese history , lasting only 15 years with two emperors . Far from monolithic and demonstrating a sophisticated political outlook , excavated Qin texts show a more pragmatic and eclectic approach than a reading of traditional accounts of Shang Yang would suggest . Qin administration was by no means purely punitive , and was not harsher than was generally prevalent at the time . The Qin were not doctrinaire . Though often anathema to Legalist philosophy , Confucianism and its values too coexisted with `` Legalism '' during the reign of the First Emperor . Qin administrative documents considered such matters as filial piety , and one circulated letter reads that `` The purpose of all standards -LRB- fa -RRB- ... is to teach and lead the people , rid them of dissoluteness and depravity ... and turn them toward goodness . '' During its reign over China , the Qin sought to create an imperial state unified by highly structured political power and a stable economy able to support a large military . The Qin central government sought to minimize the role of aristocrats and landowners and have direct administrative control over the peasantry , who comprised the overwhelming majority of the population , and control over whom would grant the Qin access to a large labor force . This allowed for the construction of ambitious projects , such as a wall on the northern border , now known as the Great Wall of China . For years , local rulers built walls along China 's northern border to protect their villages from invaders , but Emperor Shi Huangdi decided to connect them . Three hundred thousand peasants and convicts were forced to work on this 1,400 mile wall . The Qin dynasty introduced several reforms : currency , weights and measures were standardized , and a uniform system of writing was established . The Qin 's military was revolutionary in that it used the most recently developed weaponry , transportation , and tactics , though the government was heavy-handed and bureaucratic . An attempt to restrict criticism and purge all traces of old dynasties led to the supposed burning of books and burying of scholars later espoused by Confucians . Despite its military strength , the Qin dynasty did not last long . When the first emperor died in 210 BC , a different son was placed on the throne by two of the previous emperor 's advisers , in an attempt to influence and control the administration of the entire dynasty through him . The advisors squabbled among themselves , however , resulting in both their deaths and that of the second Qin emperor . Popular revolt broke out a few years later , and the weakened empire soon fell to a Chu lieutenant , who went on to found the Han dynasty . Despite its rapid end , the dynasty influenced future Chinese empires , particularly the Han , and the European name for China is thought to be derived from it . ", "Duke Xian of Qin -LRB- , 725 -- 704 BC -RRB- was from 715 to 704 BC the eighth ruler of the Zhou Dynasty Chinese state of Qin that eventually united China to become the Qin Dynasty . His ancestral name was Ying , and Duke Xian was his posthumous title . His title was recorded as Duke Ning of Qin in the Records of the Grand Historian by Han Dynasty historian Sima Qian , but inscriptions on excavated bronzes from the era have proven that `` Ning '' was a miscopy of the correct character `` Xian '' . ", "Duke Kang of Qin -LRB- , died 609 BC -RRB- was from 620 to 609 BC the fifteenth ruler of the Zhou Dynasty state of Qin that eventually united China to become the Qin Dynasty . His ancestral name was Ying , personal name Ying , and Duke Kang was his posthumous title . ", "The Han dynasty was the second imperial dynasty of China -LRB- 206 BC -- 220 AD -RRB- , preceded by the Qin dynasty -LRB- 221 -- 206 BC -RRB- and succeeded by the Three Kingdoms period -LRB- 220 -- 280 AD -RRB- . Spanning over four centuries , the Han period is considered a golden age in Chinese history . To this day , China 's majority ethnic group refers to themselves as the `` Han people '' and the Chinese script is referred to as `` Han characters '' . It was founded by the rebel leader Liu Bang , known posthumously as Emperor Gaozu of Han , and briefly interrupted by the Xin dynasty -LRB- 9 -- 23 AD -RRB- of the former regent Wang Mang . This interregnum separates the Han dynasty into two periods : the Western Han or Former Han -LRB- 206 BC -- 9 AD -RRB- and the Eastern Han or Later Han -LRB- 25 -- 220 AD -RRB- . The emperor was at the pinnacle of Han society . He presided over the Han government but shared power with both the nobility and appointed ministers who came largely from the scholarly gentry class . The Han Empire was divided into areas directly controlled by the central government using an innovation inherited from the Qin known as commanderies , and a number of semi-autonomous kingdoms . These kingdoms gradually lost all vestiges of their independence , particularly following the Rebellion of the Seven States . From the reign of Emperor Wu -LRB- r. 141 -- 87 BC -RRB- onward , the Chinese court officially sponsored Confucianism in education and court politics , synthesized with the cosmology of later scholars such as Dong Zhongshu . This policy endured until the fall of the Qing dynasty in 1911 AD . The Han dynasty was an age of economic prosperity and saw a significant growth of the money economy first established during the Zhou dynasty -LRB- c. 1050 -- 256 BC -RRB- . The coinage issued by the central government mint in 119 BC remained the standard coinage of China until the Tang dynasty -LRB- 618 -- 907 AD -RRB- . The period saw a number of limited institutional innovations . To pay for its military campaigns and the settlement of newly conquered frontier territories , the government nationalized the private salt and iron industries in 117 BC , but these government monopolies were repealed during the Eastern Han period . Science and technology during the Han period saw significant advances , including papermaking , the nautical steering rudder , the use of negative numbers in mathematics , the raised-relief map , the hydraulic-powered armillary sphere for astronomy , and a seismometer employing an inverted pendulum . The Xiongnu , a nomadic steppe confederation , defeated the Han in 200 BC and forced the Han to submit as a de facto inferior partner , but continued their raids on the Han borders . Emperor Wu launched several military campaigns against them . The ultimate Han victory in these wars eventually forced the Xiongnu to accept vassal status as Han tributaries . These campaigns expanded Han sovereignty into the Tarim Basin of Central Asia , divided the Xiongnu into two separate confederations , and helped establish the vast trade network known as the Silk Road , which reached as far as the Mediterranean world . The territories north of Han 's borders were quickly overrun by the nomadic Xianbei confederation . Emperor Wu also launched successful military expeditions in the south , annexing Nanyue in 111 BC and Dian in 109 BC , and in the Korean Peninsula where the Xuantu and Lelang Commanderies were established in 108 BC . After 92 AD , the palace eunuchs increasingly involved themselves in court politics , engaging in violent power struggles between the various consort clans of the empresses and empresses dowager , causing the Han 's ultimate downfall . Imperial authority was also seriously challenged by large Daoist religious societies which instigated the Yellow Turban Rebellion and the Five Pecks of Rice Rebellion . Following the death of Emperor Ling -LRB- r. 168 -- 189 AD -RRB- , the palace eunuchs suffered wholesale massacre by military officers , allowing members of the aristocracy and military governors to become warlords and divide the empire . When Cao Pi , King of Wei , usurped the throne from Emperor Xian , the Han dynasty ceased to exist . ", "Duke Ligong of Qin -LRB- , died 443 BC -RRB- was from 476 to 443 BC the 22nd ruler of the Zhou Dynasty Chinese state of Qin that eventually united China to become the Qin Dynasty . His ancestral name was Ying , and Duke Ligong was his posthumous title . Duke Ligong succeeded his father Duke Dao of Qin , who died in 477 BC , as ruler of Qin . In 461 BC , Duke Ligong dispatched an army of 20,000 men to attack the Rong state of Dali -LRB- in present-day Dali County , Shaanxi -RRB- , and captured its capital . In 456 BC , the State of Jin attacked Qin , taking the city of Wucheng -LRB- 武城 , in present-day Hua County , Shaanxi -RRB- . In 453 BC , the Zhao , Han , and Wei clans of Jin jointly attacked Zhi , the most powerful of Jin 's four major clans , killed its leader Zhi Yao , and divided the territory of Zhi amongst themselves . The state of Jin was effectively partitioned into three new states . Some of the survivors of the Zhi clan fled to Qin . In 444 BC , Qin attacked Yiqu -LRB- 義渠 , in present-day Ning County , Gansu -RRB- , another Rong state , and captured its king . Duke Ligong reigned for 34 years and died in 443 BC . He was succeeded by his son Duke Zao of Qin . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]

[ "Johann_Wolfgang_von_Goethe", "Nik_Welter", "Friedrich_Hölderlin", "Karl_von_Pfeufer", "Wilhelm_Herchenbach" ]

[ "Johann Wolfgang von Goethe -LRB- -LSB- ˈgɜːrtə -RSB- -LSB- ˈjoːhan ˈvɔlfɡaŋ fɔn ˈɡøːtə -RSB- ; 28 August 1749 -- 22 March 1832 -RRB- was a German writer and statesman . His works include epic and lyric poetry ; prose and verse dramas ; memoirs ; an autobiography ; literary and aesthetic criticism ; treatises on botany , anatomy , and colour ; and four novels . In addition , numerous literary and scientific fragments , more than 10,000 letters , and nearly 3,000 drawings by him exist . A literary celebrity by the age of 25 , Goethe was ennobled by the Duke of Saxe-Weimar , Carl August in 1782 after taking up residence there in November 1775 following the success of his first novel , The Sorrows of Young Werther . He was an early participant in the Sturm und Drang literary movement . During his first ten years in Weimar , Goethe was a member of the Duke 's privy council , sat on the war and highway commissions , oversaw the reopening of silver mines in nearby Ilmenau , and implemented a series of administrative reforms at the University of Jena . He also contributed to the planning of Weimar 's botanical park and the rebuilding of its Ducal Palace , which in 1998 were together designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site . His first major scientific work , the Metamorphosis of Plants , was published after he returned from a 1788 tour of Italy . In 1791 , he was made managing director of the theatre at Weimar , and in 1794 he began a friendship with the dramatist , historian , and philosopher Friedrich Schiller , whose plays he premiered until Schiller 's death in 1805 . During this period , Goethe published his second novel , Wilhelm Meister 's Apprenticeship , the verse epic Hermann and Dorothea , and , in 1808 , the first part of his most celebrated drama , Faust . His conversations and various common undertakings throughout the 1790s with Schiller , Johann Gottlieb Fichte , Johann Gottfried Herder , Alexander von Humboldt , Wilhelm von Humboldt , and August and Friedrich Schlegel have , in later years , been collectively termed Weimar Classicism . Arthur Schopenhauer cited Wilhelm Meister 's Apprenticeship as one of the four greatest novels ever written , along with Tristram Shandy , La Nouvelle Héloïse , and Don Quixote , and Ralph Waldo Emerson selected Goethe as one of six `` representative men '' in his work of the same name , along with Plato , Emanuel Swedenborg , Michel de Montaigne , Napoleon , and William Shakespeare . Goethe 's comments and observations form the basis of several biographical works , most notably Johann Peter Eckermann 's Conversations with Goethe . ", "Nikolaus `` Nik '' Welter -LRB- 2 January 1871 , Mersch -- 13 July 1951 , Luxembourg City -RRB- was a Luxembourgish writer , playwright , poet , professor , literary critic -LRB- Germanic and Romance languages -RRB- , and statesman . He wrote predominantly in German . He also served as a Minister for Education in the government of Émile Reuter . After his university studies in Leuven , Paris , Bonn and Berlin , he became a teacher in Diekirch -LRB- 1897-1906 -RRB- and later at the Athénée de Luxembourg in Luxembourg City -LRB- 1906-1918 -RRB- . Welter mainly wrote plays and poetry . His work Griselinde -LRB- 1901 -RRB- inspired the Luxembourgish composer Alfred Kowalsky to write the opera of the same name . Other well-known works are Die Söhne des Öslings , Goethes Husar , Der Abtrünnige , Professor Forster and Lene Frank . From early on , Nik Welter was involved with the Félibrige , a poets ' movement in the Provence , and was in contact with the members of the Felibertum félibrige : Frédéric Mistral , Joseph Roumanille and Théodore Aubanel . He was often at Mistral 's house in Bouches-du-Rhône and was taken up into the circle of the Féliber . In the same way , he also met German Romanists such as Eduard Koschwitz and August Bertuch . Along with the two German Romanists , he campaigned successfully for Frédéric Mistral to be awarded the 1904 Nobel Prrize for Literature . Nik Welter recorded his travels in the Provence and in Tunisia in the book Hohe Sonnentage . In his book Im Werden und Wachsen , he wrote about his childhood in Mersch . He was the author of the first Luxembourgish schoolbook Das Luxemburgische und sein Schrifttum . ", "Johann Christian Friedrich Hölderlin -LRB- -LSB- ˈjoːhan ˈkʁɪsti.aːn ˈfʁiːdʁɪç ˈhœldɐliːn -RSB- ; 20 March 1770 -- 7 June 1843 -RRB- was a German lyric poet . Described by Norbert von Hellingrath as `` the most German of Germans , '' Hölderlin was a key figure of German Romanticism . Particularly due to his early association with and philosophical influence on Hegel and Schelling , he was also an important thinker in the development of German Idealism . Born in Lauffen am Neckar , Hölderlin 's childhood was marked by bereavement . His mother intended for him to enter the Lutheran ministry , and he attended the Tübinger Stift , where he was friends with Hegel and Schelling . He graduated in 1793 but could not devote himself to the Christian faith , instead becoming a tutor . Two years later , he briefly attended the University of Jena , where he interacted with Fichte and Novalis , before resuming his career as a tutor . He struggled to establish himself as a poet , and was plagued by mental illness . He was sent to a clinic in 1805 but deemed incurable and instead given lodging by a carpenter , Ernst Zimmer . He spent the final 36 years of his life in Zimmer 's residence , and died in 1843 at the age of seventy-three . Hölderlin followed the tradition of Goethe and Schiller as an admirer of Greek mythology and ancient poets such as Pindar and Sophocles , and melded Christian and Hellenic themes in his works . Martin Heidegger , a great admirer of Hölderlin , said of him : `` Hölderlin is one of our greatest , that is , most impending thinkers because he is our greatest poet . The poetic understanding of his poetry is possible only as a philosophical confrontation with the manifestation of being achieved in his work . '' ", "Karl Sebastian von Pfeufer -LRB- 22 December 1806 -- 13 September 1869 -RRB- was a German physician who was a native of Bamberg . He studied at Erlangen and Würzburg , and afterwards became an assistant to Johann Lukas Schönlein -LRB- 1793 -- 1864 -RRB- . In 1840 he became a professor and director at the clinic of internal medicine in Zurich , and in 1844 he succeeded Theodor Bischoff -LRB- 1807 -- 1882 -RRB- as professor of pharmaceutical instruction at Heidelberg . In 1852 he became a clinical professor at Munich . Some of his better known students and assistants were Friedrich Albert von Zenker -LRB- 1825 -- 1898 -RRB- , Adolf Kussmaul -LRB- 1822 -- 1902 -RRB- , Theodor von Dusch -LRB- 1824-1890 -RRB- and Otto Leichtenstern -LRB- 1845 -- 1900 -RRB- . Karl Pfeufer is remembered for his collaboration with Friedrich Gustav Jacob Henle -LRB- 1809 -- 1885 -RRB- , an association that began in the early 1840s at Zurich . The two doctors are credited as forerunners of German scientific medicine , and were pioneers in their attempts to create a synthesis between laboratory and clinic . In 1844 they founded a journal on `` rational medicine '' called Zeitschrift für rationelle Medizin , which was to become one of the more important medical journals in the German language . Pfeufer would maintain written correspondence with Henle until his death in 1869 . Another publication by Pfeufer was an 1837 treatise on the cholera epidemic at Mittenwald , titled Bericht über die Cholera-Epidemie in Mittenwald . ", "Wilhelm Herchenbach -LRB- * November 13 , 1818 in Neunkirchen ; † December 14 , 1889 in Düsseldorf -RRB- was a 19th-century German author . Having attended school in Neunkirchen , Wilhelm Herchenbach decided to become a teacher himself . He taught in the town of Düsseldorf , where he also founded his own boys ' school in 1850 . In between 1852 and 1854 Wilhelm became the private teacher of Stephanie of Hohenzollern -LRB- the daughter of Prince Karl Anton of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen -RRB- , the future queen of Portugal ; he also taught the kids of Robert and Clara Schumann , while their parents were touring in Europe . From 1868 onwards , Wilhelm Herchenbach focused on writing , and by the time of his death in 1889 , his works comprised over 300 books . Most books were renarrations of local folk tales or told stories of his own imagination and were usually targeted at young readers , centering around issues of -LRB- Christian -RRB- morality . But Wilhelm also wrote novels with an historical background , travelogues and books of educational intent . His works once had a quite high circulation and were translated into several other languages -LRB- like English , French , Dutch etc. -RRB- . Publication of the books ceased in the 1930s . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 0, 1 ]

[ "The_Ellen_Show", "Ellen_DeGeneres", "Ellen_-LRB-TV_series-RRB-", "Aubrey_Anderson-Emmons", "Ellen_Bethea" ]

[ "The Ellen Show is a television sitcom created by and starring Ellen DeGeneres that was broadcast during the 2001 -- 02 season on CBS . It was DeGeneres 's second attempt at a sitcom , following Ellen on ABC -LRB- 1994 -- 98 -RRB- , but it was unable to attract strong ratings and was quickly cancelled after 13 episodes , leaving 5 episodes unaired . After coming out as a lesbian on her first sitcom , DeGeneres 's character on The Ellen Show , Ellen Richmond , was also a lesbian , although the show did not focus as heavily on the character 's sexuality as did the final season of her first sitcom . The Ellen Show also starred Cloris Leachman , Martin Mull , Kerri Kenney , Jim Gaffigan , and Emily Rutherfurd . ", "Ellen Lee DeGeneres -LRB- -LSB- dᵻˈdʒɛnərᵻs -RSB- born January 26 , 1958 -RRB- is an American comedian , television host , actress , writer , and producer . DeGeneres starred in the popular sitcom Ellen from 1994 to 1998 and has hosted her syndicated TV talk show , The Ellen DeGeneres Show , since 2003 . Her stand-up career started in the early 1980s , and included a 1986 appearance on The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson . As a film actress , DeGeneres starred in Mr. Wrong -LRB- 1996 -RRB- , appeared in EDtv -LRB- 1999 -RRB- , and The Love Letter -LRB- 1999 -RRB- , and provided the voice of Dory in the Pixar animated films Finding Nemo -LRB- 2003 -RRB- and Finding Dory -LRB- 2016 -RRB- ; for Nemo , she was awarded the Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actress , the first time an actress won a Saturn Award for a voice performance . In 2010 , she was a judge on American Idol for its ninth season . She starred in two television sitcoms , Ellen from 1994 to 1998 , and The Ellen Show from 2001 to 2002 . During the fourth season of Ellen in 1997 , she came out as a lesbian in an appearance on The Oprah Winfrey Show . Her character , Ellen Morgan , also came out to a therapist played by Winfrey , and the series went on to explore various LGBT issues , including the coming-out process . This made her the first openly lesbian actress to play an openly lesbian character on television . In 2008 , she married her longtime girlfriend Portia de Rossi . DeGeneres has hosted the Academy Awards , Grammy Awards , and the Primetime Emmys . She has authored three books and started her own record company , Eleveneleven . She has won 29 Emmys , 20 People 's Choice Awards -LRB- more than any other person -RRB- , and numerous other awards for her work and charitable efforts . In 2016 , she received the Presidential Medal of Freedom . ", "Ellen is an American television sitcom that aired on the ABC network from March 29 , 1994 , to July 22 , 1998 , consisting of 109 episodes . The title role is Ellen Morgan , played by stand-up comedian Ellen DeGeneres , a neurotic bookstore owner in her thirties . The title of the series was These Friends of Mine for the first season , but it was subsequently changed to avoid confusion with the NBC series Friends , which premiered in September 1994 . The series centered on Ellen 's dealing with her quirky friends , her family , and the problems of daily life . The series is notable for being one of the first with a main character to come out as gay , which DeGeneres ' character did in the 1997 episode `` The Puppy Episode '' , which aired shortly after DeGeneres publicly revealed that she was gay in real life . This event received a great deal of media exposure , ignited controversy , and prompted ABC to place a parental advisory at the beginning of each episode . The series ' theme song -LRB- used in season 3 onwards -RRB- , `` So Called Friend '' , is by Scottish band Texas . A running gag during the third and fourth seasons was that each episode had a distinct/different opening credits sequence -LRB- often with singing and dancing -RRB- , resulting from Ellen 's ongoing search for the perfect opening credits . ", "Aubrey Frances Anderson-Emmons -LRB- born June 6 , 2007 -RRB- is an American child actress , known for her role as Lily Tucker-Pritchett on ABC 's Modern Family . She was the youngest star on the red carpet at the 2012 and 2013 Primetime Emmy Awards . ", "Ellen Bethea -LRB- born July 4 , 1967 -RRB- is an American actress , best known for her role as Rachel Gannon on One Life to Live , which she originally played from 1992 to 1995 . She returned to the role for two days in May 2005 , when her on-screen mother Hillary B. Smith married Mark Dobies ' character , Daniel Colson , and again in 2010 . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "The_Rocking-Horse_Winner", "The_City_and_Horses", "Daily_Star_Sunday", "How_to_Fly_a_Horse", "The_Sun_The_Moon_The_Stars" ]

[ "`` The Rocking-Horse Winner '' is a short story by D. H. Lawrence . It was first published in July 1926 , in Harper 's Bazaar and subsequently appeared in the first volume of Lawrence 's collected short stories . It was made into a full-length film directed by Anthony Pelissier and starring John Howard Davies , Valerie Hobson and John Mills ; the film was released in the United Kingdom in 1949 and in 1950 in the United States . ", "The City and Horses is an American indie pop band formed in Brooklyn in 2008 . Led by Marc Cantone -LRB- singer/composer -RRB- who writes catchy and quirky indie pop songs about breaking up with girls and OCD breakdowns . Marc is mostly influenced by The Beatles , The Kinks , The Smiths , Belle and Sebastian , Sebadoh . The band has released 3 albums to date . After releasing their first album in 2009 on White Shoe Records , they got in 2010 signed to Paper Garden Records in the United States . in 2013 , for new album `` Strange Range '' , they held a release party at the historic Friars Club in NYC with DJ sets from Popwell and Andrew W.K. ", "The Daily Star Sunday is a weekly tabloid newspaper published in the United Kingdom . It was launched as a sister title to the Daily Star on 15 September 2002 . The Daily Star Sunday is published by Express Newspapers , which along with the Daily Star also publishes the Daily Express and Sunday Express . The group is owned by Richard Desmond 's Northern and Shell company . The paper predominately features stories about celebrities , sport , and news and gossip about popular television programmes , such as soap operas and reality TV shows . The current editor is Stuart James , who took over the post in February 2014 from the paper 's previous editor , Peter Carbery . ", "How to Fly a Horse : The Secret History of Creation , Invention , and Discovery is a 2015 non-fiction book by the technology pioneer Kevin Ashton . In the book , Ashton debunks many common myths about creativity and proposes that hard work , rather than creative genius , is the true source of innovation . ", "The Sun The Moon The Stars are a stoner metal band from Woodland Park , New Jersey featuring former members of prominent New Jersey band The Oval Portrait -LRB- band -RRB- . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "The_Rocking-Horse_Winner", "The_City_and_Horses", "Daily_Star_Sunday", "How_to_Fly_a_Horse", "The_Sun_The_Moon_The_Stars" ]

[ "`` The Rocking-Horse Winner '' is a short story by D. H. Lawrence . It was first published in July 1926 , in Harper 's Bazaar and subsequently appeared in the first volume of Lawrence 's collected short stories . It was made into a full-length film directed by Anthony Pelissier and starring John Howard Davies , Valerie Hobson and John Mills ; the film was released in the United Kingdom in 1949 and in 1950 in the United States . ", "The City and Horses is an American indie pop band formed in Brooklyn in 2008 . Led by Marc Cantone -LRB- singer/composer -RRB- who writes catchy and quirky indie pop songs about breaking up with girls and OCD breakdowns . Marc is mostly influenced by The Beatles , The Kinks , The Smiths , Belle and Sebastian , Sebadoh . The band has released 3 albums to date . After releasing their first album in 2009 on White Shoe Records , they got in 2010 signed to Paper Garden Records in the United States . in 2013 , for new album `` Strange Range '' , they held a release party at the historic Friars Club in NYC with DJ sets from Popwell and Andrew W.K. ", "The Daily Star Sunday is a weekly tabloid newspaper published in the United Kingdom . It was launched as a sister title to the Daily Star on 15 September 2002 . The Daily Star Sunday is published by Express Newspapers , which along with the Daily Star also publishes the Daily Express and Sunday Express . The group is owned by Richard Desmond 's Northern and Shell company . The paper predominately features stories about celebrities , sport , and news and gossip about popular television programmes , such as soap operas and reality TV shows . The current editor is Stuart James , who took over the post in February 2014 from the paper 's previous editor , Peter Carbery . ", "How to Fly a Horse : The Secret History of Creation , Invention , and Discovery is a 2015 non-fiction book by the technology pioneer Kevin Ashton . In the book , Ashton debunks many common myths about creativity and proposes that hard work , rather than creative genius , is the true source of innovation . ", "The Sun The Moon The Stars are a stoner metal band from Woodland Park , New Jersey featuring former members of prominent New Jersey band The Oval Portrait -LRB- band -RRB- . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "The_Rocking-Horse_Winner", "The_City_and_Horses", "Daily_Star_Sunday", "How_to_Fly_a_Horse", "The_Sun_The_Moon_The_Stars" ]

[ "`` The Rocking-Horse Winner '' is a short story by D. H. Lawrence . It was first published in July 1926 , in Harper 's Bazaar and subsequently appeared in the first volume of Lawrence 's collected short stories . It was made into a full-length film directed by Anthony Pelissier and starring John Howard Davies , Valerie Hobson and John Mills ; the film was released in the United Kingdom in 1949 and in 1950 in the United States . ", "The City and Horses is an American indie pop band formed in Brooklyn in 2008 . Led by Marc Cantone -LRB- singer/composer -RRB- who writes catchy and quirky indie pop songs about breaking up with girls and OCD breakdowns . Marc is mostly influenced by The Beatles , The Kinks , The Smiths , Belle and Sebastian , Sebadoh . The band has released 3 albums to date . After releasing their first album in 2009 on White Shoe Records , they got in 2010 signed to Paper Garden Records in the United States . in 2013 , for new album `` Strange Range '' , they held a release party at the historic Friars Club in NYC with DJ sets from Popwell and Andrew W.K. ", "The Daily Star Sunday is a weekly tabloid newspaper published in the United Kingdom . It was launched as a sister title to the Daily Star on 15 September 2002 . The Daily Star Sunday is published by Express Newspapers , which along with the Daily Star also publishes the Daily Express and Sunday Express . The group is owned by Richard Desmond 's Northern and Shell company . The paper predominately features stories about celebrities , sport , and news and gossip about popular television programmes , such as soap operas and reality TV shows . The current editor is Stuart James , who took over the post in February 2014 from the paper 's previous editor , Peter Carbery . ", "How to Fly a Horse : The Secret History of Creation , Invention , and Discovery is a 2015 non-fiction book by the technology pioneer Kevin Ashton . In the book , Ashton debunks many common myths about creativity and proposes that hard work , rather than creative genius , is the true source of innovation . ", "The Sun The Moon The Stars are a stoner metal band from Woodland Park , New Jersey featuring former members of prominent New Jersey band The Oval Portrait -LRB- band -RRB- . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "The_Rocking-Horse_Winner", "The_City_and_Horses", "Daily_Star_Sunday", "How_to_Fly_a_Horse", "The_Sun_The_Moon_The_Stars" ]

[ "`` The Rocking-Horse Winner '' is a short story by D. H. Lawrence . It was first published in July 1926 , in Harper 's Bazaar and subsequently appeared in the first volume of Lawrence 's collected short stories . It was made into a full-length film directed by Anthony Pelissier and starring John Howard Davies , Valerie Hobson and John Mills ; the film was released in the United Kingdom in 1949 and in 1950 in the United States . ", "The City and Horses is an American indie pop band formed in Brooklyn in 2008 . Led by Marc Cantone -LRB- singer/composer -RRB- who writes catchy and quirky indie pop songs about breaking up with girls and OCD breakdowns . Marc is mostly influenced by The Beatles , The Kinks , The Smiths , Belle and Sebastian , Sebadoh . The band has released 3 albums to date . After releasing their first album in 2009 on White Shoe Records , they got in 2010 signed to Paper Garden Records in the United States . in 2013 , for new album `` Strange Range '' , they held a release party at the historic Friars Club in NYC with DJ sets from Popwell and Andrew W.K. ", "The Daily Star Sunday is a weekly tabloid newspaper published in the United Kingdom . It was launched as a sister title to the Daily Star on 15 September 2002 . The Daily Star Sunday is published by Express Newspapers , which along with the Daily Star also publishes the Daily Express and Sunday Express . The group is owned by Richard Desmond 's Northern and Shell company . The paper predominately features stories about celebrities , sport , and news and gossip about popular television programmes , such as soap operas and reality TV shows . The current editor is Stuart James , who took over the post in February 2014 from the paper 's previous editor , Peter Carbery . ", "How to Fly a Horse : The Secret History of Creation , Invention , and Discovery is a 2015 non-fiction book by the technology pioneer Kevin Ashton . In the book , Ashton debunks many common myths about creativity and proposes that hard work , rather than creative genius , is the true source of innovation . ", "The Sun The Moon The Stars are a stoner metal band from Woodland Park , New Jersey featuring former members of prominent New Jersey band The Oval Portrait -LRB- band -RRB- . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "The_Rocking-Horse_Winner", "The_City_and_Horses", "Daily_Star_Sunday", "How_to_Fly_a_Horse", "The_Sun_The_Moon_The_Stars" ]

[ "`` The Rocking-Horse Winner '' is a short story by D. H. Lawrence . It was first published in July 1926 , in Harper 's Bazaar and subsequently appeared in the first volume of Lawrence 's collected short stories . It was made into a full-length film directed by Anthony Pelissier and starring John Howard Davies , Valerie Hobson and John Mills ; the film was released in the United Kingdom in 1949 and in 1950 in the United States . ", "The City and Horses is an American indie pop band formed in Brooklyn in 2008 . Led by Marc Cantone -LRB- singer/composer -RRB- who writes catchy and quirky indie pop songs about breaking up with girls and OCD breakdowns . Marc is mostly influenced by The Beatles , The Kinks , The Smiths , Belle and Sebastian , Sebadoh . The band has released 3 albums to date . After releasing their first album in 2009 on White Shoe Records , they got in 2010 signed to Paper Garden Records in the United States . in 2013 , for new album `` Strange Range '' , they held a release party at the historic Friars Club in NYC with DJ sets from Popwell and Andrew W.K. ", "The Daily Star Sunday is a weekly tabloid newspaper published in the United Kingdom . It was launched as a sister title to the Daily Star on 15 September 2002 . The Daily Star Sunday is published by Express Newspapers , which along with the Daily Star also publishes the Daily Express and Sunday Express . The group is owned by Richard Desmond 's Northern and Shell company . The paper predominately features stories about celebrities , sport , and news and gossip about popular television programmes , such as soap operas and reality TV shows . The current editor is Stuart James , who took over the post in February 2014 from the paper 's previous editor , Peter Carbery . ", "How to Fly a Horse : The Secret History of Creation , Invention , and Discovery is a 2015 non-fiction book by the technology pioneer Kevin Ashton . In the book , Ashton debunks many common myths about creativity and proposes that hard work , rather than creative genius , is the true source of innovation . ", "The Sun The Moon The Stars are a stoner metal band from Woodland Park , New Jersey featuring former members of prominent New Jersey band The Oval Portrait -LRB- band -RRB- . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "The_Rocking-Horse_Winner", "The_City_and_Horses", "Daily_Star_Sunday", "How_to_Fly_a_Horse", "The_Sun_The_Moon_The_Stars" ]

[ "`` The Rocking-Horse Winner '' is a short story by D. H. Lawrence . It was first published in July 1926 , in Harper 's Bazaar and subsequently appeared in the first volume of Lawrence 's collected short stories . It was made into a full-length film directed by Anthony Pelissier and starring John Howard Davies , Valerie Hobson and John Mills ; the film was released in the United Kingdom in 1949 and in 1950 in the United States . ", "The City and Horses is an American indie pop band formed in Brooklyn in 2008 . Led by Marc Cantone -LRB- singer/composer -RRB- who writes catchy and quirky indie pop songs about breaking up with girls and OCD breakdowns . Marc is mostly influenced by The Beatles , The Kinks , The Smiths , Belle and Sebastian , Sebadoh . The band has released 3 albums to date . After releasing their first album in 2009 on White Shoe Records , they got in 2010 signed to Paper Garden Records in the United States . in 2013 , for new album `` Strange Range '' , they held a release party at the historic Friars Club in NYC with DJ sets from Popwell and Andrew W.K. ", "The Daily Star Sunday is a weekly tabloid newspaper published in the United Kingdom . It was launched as a sister title to the Daily Star on 15 September 2002 . The Daily Star Sunday is published by Express Newspapers , which along with the Daily Star also publishes the Daily Express and Sunday Express . The group is owned by Richard Desmond 's Northern and Shell company . The paper predominately features stories about celebrities , sport , and news and gossip about popular television programmes , such as soap operas and reality TV shows . The current editor is Stuart James , who took over the post in February 2014 from the paper 's previous editor , Peter Carbery . ", "How to Fly a Horse : The Secret History of Creation , Invention , and Discovery is a 2015 non-fiction book by the technology pioneer Kevin Ashton . In the book , Ashton debunks many common myths about creativity and proposes that hard work , rather than creative genius , is the true source of innovation . ", "The Sun The Moon The Stars are a stoner metal band from Woodland Park , New Jersey featuring former members of prominent New Jersey band The Oval Portrait -LRB- band -RRB- . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "The_Rocking-Horse_Winner", "The_City_and_Horses", "Daily_Star_Sunday", "How_to_Fly_a_Horse", "The_Sun_The_Moon_The_Stars" ]

[ "`` The Rocking-Horse Winner '' is a short story by D. H. Lawrence . It was first published in July 1926 , in Harper 's Bazaar and subsequently appeared in the first volume of Lawrence 's collected short stories . It was made into a full-length film directed by Anthony Pelissier and starring John Howard Davies , Valerie Hobson and John Mills ; the film was released in the United Kingdom in 1949 and in 1950 in the United States . ", "The City and Horses is an American indie pop band formed in Brooklyn in 2008 . Led by Marc Cantone -LRB- singer/composer -RRB- who writes catchy and quirky indie pop songs about breaking up with girls and OCD breakdowns . Marc is mostly influenced by The Beatles , The Kinks , The Smiths , Belle and Sebastian , Sebadoh . The band has released 3 albums to date . After releasing their first album in 2009 on White Shoe Records , they got in 2010 signed to Paper Garden Records in the United States . in 2013 , for new album `` Strange Range '' , they held a release party at the historic Friars Club in NYC with DJ sets from Popwell and Andrew W.K. ", "The Daily Star Sunday is a weekly tabloid newspaper published in the United Kingdom . It was launched as a sister title to the Daily Star on 15 September 2002 . The Daily Star Sunday is published by Express Newspapers , which along with the Daily Star also publishes the Daily Express and Sunday Express . The group is owned by Richard Desmond 's Northern and Shell company . The paper predominately features stories about celebrities , sport , and news and gossip about popular television programmes , such as soap operas and reality TV shows . The current editor is Stuart James , who took over the post in February 2014 from the paper 's previous editor , Peter Carbery . ", "How to Fly a Horse : The Secret History of Creation , Invention , and Discovery is a 2015 non-fiction book by the technology pioneer Kevin Ashton . In the book , Ashton debunks many common myths about creativity and proposes that hard work , rather than creative genius , is the true source of innovation . ", "The Sun The Moon The Stars are a stoner metal band from Woodland Park , New Jersey featuring former members of prominent New Jersey band The Oval Portrait -LRB- band -RRB- . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Dharmesh_Darshan", "Raja_Hindustani", "Rajiv_Rai", "Tomchi", "Lal_Vijay_Shahdeo" ]

[ "Dharmesh Darshan -LRB- full name Dharmesh Darshan Sabharwal -RRB- is an Indian filmmaker , film director and writer who works in Bollywood . ", "Raja Hindustani -LRB- translation : Indian King -RRB- is a 1996 Indian blockbuster Hindi-language drama romance film directed by Dharmesh Darshan . It tells the story of a cab driver hailing from a small town , who falls in love with a rich girl . Aamir Khan and Karisma Kapoor play the lead roles . Released on 15 November 1996 , it is a remake of the 1965 Hindi film Jab Jab Phool Khile starring Shashi Kapoor and Nanda . The film 's music is composed by Nadeem-Shravan with lyrics by Sameer . The film went on to win five Filmfare Awards including the awards for Best film and Best Actors , and seven Screen Awards . Raja Hindustani was the third most commercially successful Hindi film of the 1990s . Made on a budget of 57.5 million , the film went on to gross 763.4 million worldwide , becoming the highest-grossing film of the year . The film 's music became popular and was successful especially in central and eastern states of India . Karisma Kapoor was complimented for her looks and performance as Aarti , a rich beautiful sensitive young girl full of dreams and desires . She won the Filmfare Best Actress Award for her role . The film was remade in Kannada as Naanu Naane in 2002 starring Upendra and Sakshi Shivanand in lead roles . The distribution rights are now owned by Red Chillies Entertainment . ", "Rajiv Rai -LRB- born 1955 in Mumbai , India -RRB- is an Indian film writer , editor and director . He is the son of the producer Gulshan Rai . He has directed all his films under his father 's production company Trimurti Films . He made his debut as a director with the 1985 action film Yudh . He went on to write and direct several hit films in the action and thriller genres : Tridev -LRB- 1989 -RRB- , Vishwatma -LRB- 1992 -RRB- , Mohra -LRB- 1994 -RRB- , and Gupt -LRB- 1997 -RRB- . His films are also notable for their music composed by Kalyanji-Anandji -LRB- in Tridev -RRB- and Viju Shah . He married Bollywood actress Sonam , whom he had directed in Tridev and Vishwatma in 1989 and 1992 respectively . He has one child with her . In 1997 , he had to leave India with his family for the UK after a failed attempt to kill him by hitmen believed to be working for the Mumbai underworld leader Abu Salem . After a four-year hiatus from the Bollywood industry , he returned to directing with his comeback venture Pyaar Ishq Aur Mohabbat -LRB- 2001 -RRB- . This was an attempt by Rai at directing a romantic drama , a change from his previous action films . The film failed at the box office and Rai returned to the action genre with his next film Asambhav -LRB- 2004 -RRB- which also failed to do well . Shortly after the release of Asambhav his father died at the age of 80 of a prolonged illness . He has not been active in the film industry since 2004 . ", "Tomchi -LRB- Hindi : टोमची -RRB- is a 2014 Bollywood children film directed by Rajesh Gupta under the banner of Tulsi Production in association with Star buzz , starring Yashpal Sharma , Vrajesh Hirjee , Rati Agnihotri , Mahesh Thakur , Narendra Bedi , Upasana Singh , Kurush Deboo , Sheetal Shah , Swati Aggarwal and child artist Faiza Thakur , Azaan Shah , Shubham Sharma , Yana Mistry , Azaan Khan , Adeeb Hussain , Alam Khan , Haitvi Parek.Film 's Music Done By Anand Raj Anand ; Guest Composer : Ritesh Bhoyar ; Lyrics by Narendra Bedi , Ritesh Bhoyar , Akhilesh , Manoj And Background Music Composed By Puneet Dixit . ", "Lal Vijay Shahdeo is an Indian film director and producer . " ]

[ 2, 2, 1, 1, 0 ]

[ "Planet_Hollywood_Las_Vegas", "Caesars_Entertainment_Corporation", "Gold_Coast_Hotel_and_Casino", "Aliante_Casino_and_Hotel", "Hollywood_Casino_St._Louis" ]

[ "Planet Hollywood Las Vegas -LRB- formerly Tally-Ho , King 's Crown and Aladdin -RRB- is a hotel and casino located on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise , Nevada . It is owned and operated by Caesars Entertainment Corporation . Hilton Grand Vacations operates the timeshare portion of the property , known as Elara . In April 2010 , Total Rewards replaced the `` A-List '' Player rewards card at Planet Hollywood . ", "Caesars Entertainment Corporation , is an American gaming corporation based in Paradise , Nevada that owns and operates over 50 casinos and hotels , and seven golf courses under several brands . It is the fourth-largest gaming company in the world , with annual revenues of $ 8.6 billion -LRB- 2013 -RRB- . Caesars is a public company , majority-owned by a group of private equity firms led by Apollo Global Management and TPG Capital . Caesars 's largest operating unit filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in January 2015 . ", "The Gold Coast Hotel & Casino is a hotel and casino located in Paradise , Nevada . This locals ' casino is owned and operated by Boyd Gaming . The Gold Coast is located one mile -LRB- 1.6 km -RRB- west of the Las Vegas Strip on West Flamingo Road . It is located across the street from the Palms Casino Resort and the Rio All Suite Hotel and Casino . ", "Aliante Casino and Hotel -LRB- formerly Aliante Station -RRB- is a hotel and casino in North Las Vegas , Nevada . It is owned and operated by Boyd Gaming . ", "Hollywood Casino St. Louis is a riverboat casino in Maryland Heights , Missouri , near St. Louis . It is owned by Gaming and Leisure Properties and operated by Penn National Gaming . The casino has 120000 sqft of gaming space , with 2,180 slot machines and 80 table games . Penn National acquired the casino , then named Harrah 's St. Louis , in November 2012 from Caesars Entertainment for $ 610 million . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 2, 2 ]