Datasets:

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nikchar

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retrieval_verification_roberta

like 0

[ "Ed_and_Lorraine_Warren", "Annabelle_-LRB-doll-RRB-", "Lorraine_Mazerolle", "Neil_Spring", "Warren_Ellis_bibliography" ]

[ "Edward Warren Miney -LRB- September 7 , 1926 -- August 23 , 2006 -RRB- and Lorraine Rita Warren -LRB- née Moran , born January 31 , 1927 -RRB- were a married Roman Catholic couple who were highly controversial American paranormal investigators and authors associated with prominent cases of hauntings . Edward was a World War II United States Navy veteran and former police officer who became a self-taught and self-professed demonologist , author , and lecturer . Lorraine professes to be clairvoyant and a light trance medium who worked closely with her husband . In 1952 , the Warrens founded the New England Society for Psychic Research , the oldest ghost hunting group in New England . They authored numerous books about the paranormal and about their private investigations into various reports of paranormal activity . They claimed to have investigated over 10,000 cases during their career . The Warrens were among the very first investigators in the controversial Amityville haunting . According to the Warrens , the N.E.S.P.R. utilizes a variety of individuals , including medical doctors , researchers , police officers , nurses , college students , and members of the clergy in its investigations . Stories of ghost hauntings popularized by the Warrens have been adapted as , or have indirectly inspired , dozens of films , television series and documentaries , including 17 films in the Amityville Horror series alone . Other adaptations include the 2013 movie The Conjuring , its prequel/spinoff from 2014 , Annabelle , and its sequel , The Conjuring 2 , released in 2016 . Skeptics Perry DeAngelis and Steve Novella have investigated the Warren 's evidence and found it all to be `` blarney '' . Skeptical investigators Joe Nickell and Ben Radford concluded that the more famous hauntings , Amityville and the Snedeker 's , did not happen and had been `` invented '' . ", "Annabelle is a Raggedy Ann doll alleged by demonologists Ed and Lorraine Warren to be haunted . The doll resides in a glass box at The Warrens ' Occult Museum in Monroe , Connecticut . The story served as the inspiration for the films Annabelle -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , and the upcoming , Annabelle : Creation -LRB- 2017 -RRB- . Annabelle has been compared to Robert the Doll and was described in Gerald Brittle 's 2002 biography of Ed and Lorraine Warren , The Demonologist . ", "Lorraine Green Mazerolle -LRB- born 1964 -RRB- is an Australian criminologist and professor at the School of Social Science at the University of Queensland , where she is also an affiliate professor at the Institute for Social Science Research . She is also a chief investigator in the Australian Research Council 's Centre of Excellence for Children and Families over the Life Course , as well as a former Australian Research Council Laureate Fellow . She is the editor-in-chief of the Journal of Experimental Criminology . She is also a fellow of the Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia and the Academy of Experimental Criminology . She served as president of the Academy of Experimental Criminology . Her research interests include problem-oriented policing , civil remedies , and third-party policing . ", "Neil Spring -LRB- born 8 June 1981 -RRB- is a Welsh novelist of supernatural horror , known for his bestselling book , The Ghost Hunters . He holds a BA in Philosophy , Politics and Economics -LRB- PPE -RRB- from Somerville College , Oxford University , where he wrote a thesis on the significance of paranormal events . ", "Warren Ellis is an English author of comics , novels , and television , well known for sociocultural commentary , both through his online presence and his writing , which covers transhumanist themes -LRB- most notably nanotechnology , cryonics , uploading , and human enhancement -RRB- . He is a resident of Southend-on-Sea , England . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Independent_Spirit_Awards", "San_Antonio_Independent_Christian_Film_Festival", "Black_Reel_Awards_of_2001", "20th_Critics'_Choice_Awards", "Filmmakers_Alliance" ]

[ "The Film Independent Spirit Awards -LRB- abbreviated `` Spirit Awards '' and originally known as the FINDIE or Friends of Independents Awards -RRB- , founded in 1984 , are awards dedicated to independent filmmakers . Winners were typically presented with acrylic glass pyramids containing suspended shoestrings representing the paltry budgets of independent films . In 1986 , the event was renamed the Independent Spirit Awards . Since 2006 , winners have received a trophy depicting a bird with its wings spread sitting atop of a pole with the shoestrings from the previous design wrapped around the pole . Now called the Film Independent Spirit Awards , the show is produced by Film Independent , the non-profit arts organization whose mission is to champion creative independence in visual storytelling and support a community of artists who embody diversity , innovation and uniqueness of vision . Film Independent Members vote to determine the winners of the Spirit Awards . The awards show is held inside a tent on the beach in Santa Monica , California , usually on the day before the Academy Awards -LRB- since 1999 ; originally the Saturday before -RRB- . The show is broadcast live on the IFC network , as well as Hollywood Suite in Canada and A&E Latin America . The 32nd Independent Spirit Awards ceremony , hosted by Nick Kroll and John Mulaney , was broadcast live on IFC on Saturday , February 25 at 2p/5e with an on-demand version available on Sundance Now . ", "San Antonio Independent Christian Film Festival -LRB- SAICFF -RRB- was a film festival located in San Antonio , Texas . It was founded and organized by Doug Phillips . The Best of Festival or Jubilee Award carried a $ 101,000 cash prize , the largest single cash prize awarded . The festival was closed in December 2013 due to Vision Forum Ministries shutting down . ", "The 2001 Black Reel Awards , which annually recognize and celebrate the achievements of black people in feature , independent and television films , took place in Washington , D.C. on February 12 , 2001 . Love & Basketball swept the awards , picking up six trophies during the evening . The Corner followed very closely behind with five awards . ", "The 20th Critics ' Choice Awards was presented on January 15 , 2015 at the Hollywood Palladium , honoring the finest achievements in 2014 filmmaking . It was broadcast on A&E , and hosted by Michael Strahan of Live ! with Kelly and Michael . Nominees for the awards were announced on December 15 , 2014 . ", "Filmmakers Alliance is a nonprofit organization based in Los Angeles . It was founded by Jacques Thelemaque and Diane Gaidry . Its over 300 members provide a support system through which members share time , energy , expertise , equipment and creative support for one another 's film projects from concept through distribution . It is best known for Visionfest , its yearly gala held every August at Directors Guild of America . The Vision Award , presented by Filmmakers Alliance at this event , has been given to such filmmakers as Terry Gilliam , Wim Wenders , and Alexander Payne . Also presented at Visionfest is The Los Angeles Short Filmmaking Grant , which provides the winning short screenplay with 35mm film from Kodak , a camera package from Panavision , film processing and production support from Filmmakers Alliance . Past winners of this grant include Elyse Couvillion and Sean Hood . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Yugoslavia", "Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia", "Italy–Yugoslavia_relations", "Line_of_succession_to_the_former_Yugoslav_throne", "Yugoslavia_national_rugby_union_team" ]

[ "Yugoslavia -LRB- Jugoslavija / Југославија , Jugoslavija , Југославија -RRB- was a country in Southeast Europe during most of the 20th century . It came into existence after World War I in 1918 under the name of the Kingdom of Serbs , Croats and Slovenes by the merger of the provisional State of Slovenes , Croats and Serbs -LRB- itself formed from territories of the former Austro-Hungarian Empire -RRB- with the formerly independent Kingdom of Serbia . The Serbian royal House of Karađorđević became the Yugoslav royal dynasty . Yugoslavia gained international recognition on 13 July 1922 at the Conference of Ambassadors in Paris . The country was named after the South Slavic peoples and constituted their first union , following centuries in which the territories had been part of the Ottoman Empire and Austria-Hungary . Renamed the Kingdom of Yugoslavia on 3 October 1929 , it was invaded by the Axis powers on 6 April 1941 . In 1943 , a Democratic Federal Yugoslavia was proclaimed by the Partisan resistance . In 1944 , the king recognised it as the legitimate government , but in November 1945 the monarchy was abolished . Yugoslavia was renamed the Federal People 's Republic of Yugoslavia in 1946 , when a communist government was established . It acquired the territories of Istria , Rijeka , and Zadar from Italy . Partisan leader Josip Broz Tito ruled the country as president until his death in 1980 . In 1963 , the country was renamed again as the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia -LRB- SFRY -RRB- . The constituent six socialist republics that made up the country were the SR Bosnia and Herzegovina , SR Croatia , SR Macedonia , SR Montenegro , SR Serbia , and SR Slovenia . Serbia contained two Socialist Autonomous Provinces , Vojvodina and Kosovo , which after 1974 were largely equal to the other members of the federation . After an economic and political crisis in the 1980s and the rise of nationalism , Yugoslavia broke up along its republics ' borders , at first into five countries , leading to the Yugoslav Wars . After the breakup , the republics of Serbia and Montenegro formed a reduced federation , the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia -LRB- FRY -RRB- , which aspired to the status of sole legal successor to the SFRY , but those claims were opposed by the other former republics . Eventually , Serbia and Montenegro accepted the opinion of the Badinter Arbitration Committee about shared succession . Serbia and Montenegro themselves broke up in 2006 and became independent states , while Kosovo proclaimed independence in 2008 . ", "The Kingdom of Yugoslavia -LRB- Kraljevina Jugoslavija , Краљевина Југославија , `` Kingdom of South Slavia '' -RRB- was a state in Southeast Europe and Central Europe , that existed during the interwar period -LRB- 1918 -- 1939 -RRB- and first half of World War II -LRB- 1939 -- 1943 -RRB- . It was formed in 1918 by the merger of the provisional State of Slovenes , Croats and Serbs -LRB- itself formed from territories of the former Austro-Hungarian Empire -RRB- with the formerly independent Kingdom of Serbia . The Kingdom of Montenegro had united with Serbia five days previously , while the regions of Kosovo , Vojvodina and Vardar Macedonia were parts of Serbia prior to the unification . For its first eleven years of existence , the Kingdom was officially called the Kingdom of Serbs , Croats and Slovenes , but the term `` Yugoslavia '' was its colloquial name from its origins . The official name of the state was changed to `` Kingdom of Yugoslavia '' by King Alexander I on 3 October 1929 . The state was ruled by the Serbian dynasty of Karađorđević , which previously ruled the Kingdom of Serbia under Peter I from 1903 -LRB- after the May Overthrow -RRB- onwards . Peter I became the first king of Yugoslavia until his death in 1921 . He was succeeded by his son Alexander I , who had been regent for his father . He was known as `` Alexander the Unifier '' and he renamed the kingdom `` Yugoslavia '' in 1929 . He was assassinated in Marseille by Vlado Chernozemski , a member of the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization -LRB- IMRO -RRB- , during his visit to France in 1934 . The crown passed to his then-still under-aged son Peter . His cousin Paul ruled as Prince regent until 1941 , when Peter II would come of age . The royal family flew to London the same year , prior to the country being invaded by the Axis powers . In April 1941 , the country was occupied and partitioned by the Axis powers . A royal government-in-exile , recognized by the United Kingdom and , later , by all the Allied powers , was established in London . In 1944 , after pressure from the British Prime Minister Winston Churchill , the King recognized the government of Democratic Federal Yugoslavia as the legitimate government . This was established on 2 November following the signing of the Treaty of Vis by Ivan Šubašić -LRB- on behalf of the Kingdom -RRB- and Josip Broz Tito -LRB- on behalf of the Yugoslav Partisans -RRB- . ", "Italy -- Yugoslavia relations are the cultural and political relations between Italy and Yugoslavia in the 20th century , since the creation of Yugoslavia in 1918 until its dissolution in 1992 . ", "The Yugoslav monarchy was abolished by the then-ruling Communist regime on 29 December 1945 , on the second anniversary of the Second Session of the AVNOJ . The current pretender to the defunct throne of Yugoslavia is Crown Prince Alexander . However Yugoslavia is now a defunct state and questions remain whether there is claim to the Serbian throne . ", "The Yugoslavia national rugby union team used to represent Yugoslavia at Rugby union until the 1990s . " ]

[ 0, 2, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Far_from_the_Madding_Crowd_-LRB-1967_film-RRB-", "Richard_Rodney_Bennett", "The_Country_Beyond", "Parade's_End_-LRB-TV_series-RRB-", "Dweller_on_the_Threshold_-LRB-album-RRB-" ]

[ "Far from the Madding Crowd is a 1967 British epic drama film adapted from Thomas Hardy 's book of the same name . The film , starring Julie Christie , Alan Bates , Terence Stamp and Peter Finch , and directed by John Schlesinger , was Schlesinger 's fourth film -LRB- and his third collaboration with Christie -RRB- . It marked a stylistic shift away from his earlier works exploring contemporary urban mores . The cinematography was by Nicolas Roeg and the soundtrack was by Richard Rodney Bennett . He also used traditional folk songs in various scenes throughout the film . It was nominated for one Oscar for Best Original Music Score and two BAFTAs , Best British Cinematography -LRB- Colour -RRB- and Best British Costume -LRB- Colour -RRB- -LRB- Alan Barrett -RRB- . ", "Sir Richard Rodney Bennett , CBE -LRB- 29 March 193624 December 2012 -RRB- was an English composer of film , TV and concert music , and also a jazz pianist . He was based in New York City from 1979 until his death there in 2012 . ", "The Country Beyond is a 1936 American drama film directed by Eugene Forde and written by Adele Comandini and Lamar Trotti . The film stars Rochelle Hudson , Paul Kelly , Robert Kent , Alan Hale , Sr. , Alan Dinehart and Andrew Tombes . The film was released on April 24 , 1936 , by 20th Century Fox . ", "Parade 's End is a five-part BBC/HBO/VRT television serial , which is an adaptation of the tetralogy of novels -LRB- 1924-28 -RRB- of the same name by Ford Madox Ford . It premiered on BBC Two on 24 August 2012 and on HBO on 26 February 2013 . The series was also screened at the 39th Ghent Film Festival on 11 October 2012 . Its five episodes were directed by Susanna White and written by Tom Stoppard . The cast was led by Benedict Cumberbatch and Rebecca Hall as Christopher and Sylvia Tietjens , along with Adelaide Clemens , Rupert Everett , Miranda Richardson , Anne-Marie Duff , Roger Allam , Janet McTeer , Freddie Fox , Jack Huston , and Steven Robertson . The series received widespread critical acclaim and is often cited as `` the highbrow Downton Abbey '' . In its BBC Two premiere , it attracted 3.5 million viewers , making it BBC Two 's most watched drama since Rome aired in 2005 . The miniseries received six BAFTA TV nominations including Best Actress for Rebecca Hall and five Primetime Emmy Award nominations including Best Adapted Screenplay for Tom Stoppard and Best Actor for Benedict Cumberbatch . It won Best Costume Design at the BAFTAs . ", "Dweller On The Threshold is the fourth full-length album by San Fernando Valley , California-based Latin Rock band Tribe of Gypsies . It was written and recorded off and on between late 2000 and early 2006 with different personnel . The first sessions took place mere weeks after getting off the road in the U.S. with Santana ; the last song to be completed was ` Stop Bombing Each Other ! ' in early spring of ' 06 . It marks the debut of new lead vocalist Chas West -LRB- ex-Jason Bonham Band -RRB- and guitarist Christian Byrne who contributed bass on the album in addition to regular four-stringer , Juan Perez . Roy Z makes his lead vocal debut on La Hora and the Japanese bonus track , En El Mar , both sung in Spanish . The album contains a cover of Ai n't Talkin ' ` Bout Love , originally released on the eponymous 1978 debut album by Van Halen . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Mormons", "The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints_in_Russia", "The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints", "The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints_in_Massachusetts", "Christianity_in_Benin" ]

[ "Mormons -LRB- -LSB- ˈmɔrmənz -RSB- -RRB- are a religious and cultural group related to Mormonism , the principal branch of the Latter Day Saint movement of Restorationist Christianity , initiated by Joseph Smith in upstate New York during the 1820s . After Smith 's death in 1844 , the Mormons followed Brigham Young to what would become the Utah Territory . Today , most Mormons are understood to be members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints -LRB- LDS Church -RRB- . Some Mormons are also either independent or non-practicing . The center of Mormon cultural influence is in Utah , and North America has more Mormons than any other continent , though the majority of Mormons live outside the United States . Mormons have developed a strong sense of communality that stems from their doctrine and history . During the 19th century , Mormon converts tended to gather to a central geographic location , and between 1852 and 1890 a minority of Mormons openly practiced plural marriage , a form of religious polygamy . Mormons dedicate large amounts of time and resources to serving in their church , and many young Mormons choose to serve a full-time proselytizing mission . Mormons have a health code which eschews alcoholic beverages , tobacco , coffee , tea , and other addictive substances . They tend to be very family-oriented , and have strong connections across generations and with extended family , reflective of their belief that families can be sealed together beyond death . Mormons also have a strict law of chastity , requiring abstention from sexual relations outside of heterosexual marriage and fidelity within marriage . Mormons self-identify as Christian , although some non-Mormons consider Mormons non-Christian and some of their beliefs differ from mainstream Christianity . Mormons believe in the Bible , as well as other books of scripture , such as the Book of Mormon . They have a unique view of cosmology , and believe that all people are spirit-children of God . Mormons believe that returning to God requires following the example of Jesus Christ , and accepting his atonement through ordinances such as baptism . They believe that Christ 's church was restored through Joseph Smith and is guided by living prophets and apostles . Central to Mormon faith is the belief that God speaks to his children and answers their prayers . Due to their high birth and conversion rates , the Mormon population has grown significantly in recent decades . The number of members in 1971 was 3,090,953 and now in 2017 based on the Annual Report , there are 15,882,417 worldwide . ", "As of January 1 , 2011 , The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints reported 19,946 members in 13 districts , 116 branches , and 8 missions in Russia . ", "The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints -LRB- the LDS Church or , informally , the Mormon Church -RRB- is a Christian restorationist church that is considered by its members to be the restoration of the original church founded by Jesus Christ . The church is headquartered in Salt Lake City , Utah , and has established congregations and built temples worldwide . According to the church , it has over 70,000 missionaries and a membership of over 15 million . It is ranked by the National Council of Churches as the fourth-largest Christian denomination in the United States . It is the largest denomination in the Latter Day Saint movement founded by Joseph Smith during the period of religious revival known as the Second Great Awakening . Adherents , often referred to as `` Latter-day Saints '' , or , less formally , `` Mormons '' , view faith in Jesus Christ and his atonement as fundamental principles of their religion . LDS theology includes the Christian doctrine of salvation only through Jesus Christ , though LDS doctrines regarding the nature of God and the potential of mankind differ significantly from mainstream Christianity . The church has an open canon which includes four scriptural texts : the Bible -LRB- both Old and New Testaments -RRB- , the Book of Mormon , the Doctrine and Covenants , and the Pearl of Great Price . Other than the Bible , the majority of the LDS canon constitutes revelation spoken by Joseph Smith and recorded by his scribes which includes commentary and exegesis about the Bible , texts described as lost parts of the Bible , and other works believed to be written by ancient prophets . Because of some of the doctrinal differences , some Catholic , Orthodox , and Protestant churches consider the LDS Church to be distinct and separate from mainstream Christianity . Under the doctrine of continuing revelation , Latter-day Saints believe that the church president is a modern-day `` prophet , seer , and revelator '' and that Jesus Christ , under the direction of God the Father , leads the church by revealing his will to its president . The current president is Thomas S. Monson . Individual members of the church believe that they can also receive personal revelation from God in conducting their lives . The president heads a hierarchical structure with various levels reaching down to local congregations . Bishops , drawn from the laity , lead local congregations . Male members , after reaching age 12 , may be ordained to the priesthood , provided they are living the standards of the church . Women do not hold positions within the priesthood , but do occupy leadership roles in some church auxiliary organizations . Both men and women may serve as missionaries , and the church maintains a large missionary program which proselytizes and conducts humanitarian services worldwide . Faithful members adhere to church laws of sexual purity , health , fasting , and Sabbath observance , and contribute ten percent of their income to the church in tithing . In addition , the church teaches sacred ordinances through which adherents make covenants with God , including baptism , confirmation , the sacrament -LRB- holy communion -RRB- , endowment , and celestial marriage -LRB- marriage blessings which extend beyond mortality -RRB- -- all of which are of great significance to church members . ", "As of January 1 , 2011 , The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints reported 24,965 members in four stakes , 51 congregations -LRB- 38 wards and 13 branches -RRB- , one mission , and one temple in Massachusetts . ", "Christians in Benin constitute approximately 42.8 percent -LRB- ~ 3,762,904 -RRB- of the country 's population -LRB- 8,791,832 - 2009 est. . -RRB- According to the 2002 census , 27.1 percent of the population of Benin is Roman Catholic , 5 percent Celestial Christian , 3.2 percent Methodist , 7.5 percent other Christian groups -LRB- Baptists , Assemblies of God , Pentecostals , Seventh-day Adventists , the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints -LRB- Mormons -RRB- , Jehovah 's Witnesses , Rosicrucians , the Unification Church -RRB- . Christianity first reached Benin in 1680 , gaining more permanent footing in the 19th century . English Methodists arrived in 1843 , operating amongst the coastal Gun people . " ]

[ 2, 0, 2, 0, 0 ]

[ "Kanwaljit_Singh_-LRB-actor-RRB-", "Sajjan_Singh_Cheema", "Manpreet_Singh", "Arijit_Singh", "Jasbir_Singh" ]

[ "Kanwaljit Singh is an Indian actor who has performed in films as well as television serials . He has acted in Hindi and Punjabi films . ", "Sajjan Singh Cheema is a former basketball player from India . He represented India in 1982 Asian Games and other international tournaments and matches including Asian Basketball Championship in 1981 , 1983 and 1985 . He was honoured with Arjuna award in 1999 and Maharaja Ranjit Singh Award in 1983 . Sajjan Singh was born in 1957 in Dabulian village in Kapurthala district in Punjab state . He studied at Kamalia Khalsa High School Kapurthala and at Sport College Jalandhar . He started playing basketball in 1976 and first participated in Inter university tournament held in Jaipur in 1976 . He retired from playing in 1994 . He served as SP with Punjab Police and additionally the Deputy Commissioner of Police -LRB- Traffic -RRB- Ludhiana . His brothers Balkar Singh and Gurmeet Singh and cousin Kuldeep Singh Cheema also played basketball and represented India . Guneet Kaur the daughter of Sajjan Singh has played in the under-17 category at the national level . Being appointed as the Candidate for Aam Aadmi Party from Sultanpur Lodhi Constituency for the punjab elections of 2017 . ", "Manpreet Singh -LRB- born 3 May 1985 -RRB- is an amateur boxer from India and a product of Army Sports Institute . He competes in 82 -- 91 kg category . Manpreet won Silver medal in 2010 Asian Games held in Guangzhou , China . He was defeated by Mohammad Ghossoun of Syria in the gold medal bout by a score of 8:1 . After his first round defeat in 2010 Commonwealth Games , Manpreet had lost confidence and had to seek psychiatric help at NIS Patiala . ", "Arijit Singh is an Indian Musician , singer , composer , music producer , recordist , and music programmer . He prominently sings in Hindi and Bengali . He also has songs in Gujarati , Tamil , Telugu , Marathi , Assamese and Kannada . He excels in the skill of singing . He has often been portrayed by the Indian media as a `` small town boy who made it big '' . Arijit is regarded as one of the most versatile and successful singers in the history of Indian Music and Indian Cinema . His singing is known for being melliflous , soulful and melodious . His voice is been described as a voice that penetrates the soul and creates a sense of blissful relaxation , a voice that promises to spread happiness and touches the crux of the entire being . He is applauded and praised for his art of giving `` emotions and soul to lyrics '' through his vocals . Arijit 's voice and singing is been loved by the Indian music lovers , and it is said that it mesmerizes and soothes the soul of listeners . He is known for being shy and often stays away from limelight despite the fame and popularity that he enjoys in South Asia and amongst South Asian diaspora worldwide . His first achievement came just during the beginning of his singing career when he received upcoming male vocalist of the year award at 2013 Mirchi Music Awards for his rendition of the song `` Duaa '' and was also nominated for the song `` Phir Le Aya Dil '' . Music director and composer Pritam along with the Indian film production house Vishesh Films is been credited as the one who showed faith in his talent , and gave him initial songs of his career and thus became an important factor behind the `` emergence '' of Arijit Singh . Singh became very popular and shot to widespread prominence with the release of `` Tum Hi Ho '' in 2013 , composed and written by his Friend and Music Composer Mithoon from the film Aashiqui 2 . He won the prestigious Filmfare Award for Best Male Playback Singer for the song in 2014 . Arijit had won IBN Live Movie Award for the song `` Muskurane ki wajah '' in the Best Playback Singer category . He won Filmfare Award for Best Male Playback Singer for the song `` Sooraj Dooba Hain '' in 2016 . In 2017 , at the 62nd Filmfare Awards , he won Best Male Playback Singer Award for the title track of the film Ae Dil Hai Mushkil . Arijit won Male Vocalist of The Year award at 2017 Mirchi Music Awards for his rendition of `` Ae Dil Hai Mushkil '' . He was honoured with Best Male Playback Singer award for the title track of the same film at Zee Cine Awards 2017 . In a short span of time he has won almost every prestigious Indian music awards . He was awarded `` NISU Youth Icon '' award in 2014 , by National Indian Students and Alumni Union UK . Some of his most popular Hindi film songs are `` Channa Mereya '' , `` Tum Hi Ho '' , `` Phir Bhi Tumko Chahunga '' , `` Aayat '' , `` Raabta '' , `` Ae Dil Hai Mushkil '' , `` Muskurane ki wajah '' , `` Laal Ishq '' , `` Kabhi Jo Baadal Barse '' , `` Samjhawan '' , `` Suno Na Sangemarmar '' , `` Ilahi '' , `` Sooraj Dooba Hain '' , `` Sanam Re '' , `` Soch Na Sake '' , `` Mast Magan '' , `` Bolna '' , `` Sawan Aaya Hai '' , `` Gerua '' , `` Janam Janam '' , `` Nashe Si Chadh Gayi '' , `` Khamoshiyan '' , `` Hamari Adhuri Kahani '' , `` Enna Sona '' , `` Dilliwaali Girlfriend '' , `` Palat '' , `` Dharkhaast '' , `` Naina '' , `` Kabira '' , `` Zaalima '' , `` Yeh Ishq Hai '' , `` Alvida '' . ", "Jasbir Singh -LRB- born 14 March 1950 -RRB- is a former Indian cricketer and umpire . He stood in six ODI games between 1994 and 2000 . He played 37 first-class matches for Northern Punjab and Punjab from in 1964 to 1977 before making his umpiring debut in 1990 . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]

[ "Elizabeth_of_York", "Elizabeth_I_of_England", "Catherine_Woodville,_Duchess_of_Buckingham", "Maud_Francis,_Countess_of_Salisbury", "Margaret_Holland,_Duchess_of_Clarence" ]

[ "Elizabeth of York -LRB- 11 February 1466 -- 11 February 1503 -RRB- was queen consort of England from 1486 until her death . As the wife of Henry VII , she was the first Tudor queen . She was the daughter of Edward IV and niece of Richard III , and she married the king following Henry 's victory at the Battle of Bosworth which started the last phase of the Wars of the Roses . She was the mother of King Henry VIII . Therefore , she was the daughter , sister , niece , wife , mother and grandmother of successive Kings of England . The period of Henry VI 's readaption from October 1470 until April 1471 and the period between her father 's death in 1483 , when she was 17 , and the making of peace between her mother and her uncle Richard were violent and anxious interludes in what was mostly a peaceful life . Her two brothers disappeared , the `` Princes in the Tower '' , their fate unknown . She was welcomed back to court by her Uncle Richard III , along with all of her sisters . As a Yorkist princess , the final victory of the Lancastrian faction in the War of the Roses may have seemed a further disaster , but Henry Tudor knew the importance of Yorkist support for his invasion and promised to marry her before he arrived in England ; this was an important move , which , however , failed to bring him the desired Yorkist support . Her marriage seems to have been successful , though her eldest son Arthur , Prince of Wales , died at age 15 in 1502 , and three other children died young . She seems to have played little part in politics . Her surviving children became a King of England and queens of France and Scotland ; it is through the Scottish Stuart dynasty that her many modern royal descendants trace their descent from her . ", "Elizabeth I -LRB- 7 September 1533 -- 24 March 1603 -RRB- was Queen of England and Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death . Sometimes called The Virgin Queen , Gloriana or Good Queen Bess , the childless Elizabeth was the last monarch of the Tudor dynasty . Elizabeth was the daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn , his second wife , who was executed two-and-a-half years after Elizabeth 's birth . Anne 's marriage to Henry VIII was annulled , and Elizabeth was declared illegitimate . Her half-brother , Edward VI , ruled until his death in 1553 , bequeathing the crown to Lady Jane Grey and ignoring the claims of his two half-sisters , Elizabeth and the Roman Catholic Mary , in spite of statute law to the contrary . Edward 's will was set aside and Mary became queen , deposing Lady Jane Grey . During Mary 's reign , Elizabeth was imprisoned for nearly a year on suspicion of supporting Protestant rebels . In 1558 , Elizabeth succeeded her half-sister to the throne and set out to rule by good counsel . She depended heavily on a group of trusted advisers , led by William Cecil , 1st Baron Burghley . One of her first actions as queen was the establishment of an English Protestant church , of which she became the Supreme Governor . This Elizabethan Religious Settlement was to evolve into the Church of England . It was expected that Elizabeth would marry and produce an heir to continue the Tudor line . She never did , despite numerous courtships . As she grew older , Elizabeth became famous for her virginity . A cult grew around her which was celebrated in the portraits , pageants , and literature of the day . In government , Elizabeth was more moderate than her father and half-siblings had been . One of her mottoes was `` video et taceo '' -LRB- `` I see but say nothing '' -RRB- . In religion , she was relatively tolerant and avoided systematic persecution . After the pope declared her illegitimate in 1570 and released her subjects from obedience to her , several conspiracies threatened her life , all of which were defeated with the help of her ministers ' secret service . Elizabeth was cautious in foreign affairs , manoeuvring between the major powers of France and Spain . She only half-heartedly supported a number of ineffective , poorly resourced military campaigns in the Netherlands , France , and Ireland . By the mid-1580s , England could no longer avoid war with Spain . England 's defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588 associated Elizabeth with one of the greatest military victories in English history . Elizabeth 's reign is known as the Elizabethan era . The period is famous for the flourishing of English drama , led by playwrights such as William Shakespeare and Christopher Marlowe , and for the seafaring prowess of English adventurers such as Francis Drake . Some historians depict Elizabeth as a short-tempered , sometimes indecisive ruler , who enjoyed more than her share of luck . Towards the end of her reign , a series of economic and military problems weakened her popularity . Elizabeth is acknowledged as a charismatic performer and a dogged survivor in an era when government was ramshackle and limited , and when monarchs in neighbouring countries faced internal problems that jeopardised their thrones . Such was the case with Elizabeth 's rival , Mary , Queen of Scots , whom she imprisoned in 1568 and had executed in 1587 . After the short reigns of Elizabeth 's half-siblings , her 44 years on the throne provided welcome stability for the kingdom and helped forge a sense of national identity . ", "Catherine Woodville -LRB- or Wydeville ; c. 1458 -- 18 May 1497 -RRB- was an English medieval noblewoman . She was the sister-in-law of King Edward IV of England and gave birth to several illustrious children . Catherine was the daughter of Richard Woodville , 1st Earl Rivers , and Jacquetta of Luxembourg . When her sister Elizabeth married King Edward IV , the King elevated and promoted many members of the Woodville family . Elizabeth Woodville 's household records for 1466/67 indicate that Catherine was being raised in the queen 's household . Sometime before the coronation of Elizabeth in May 1465 , Catherine was married to Henry Stafford , 2nd Duke of Buckingham ; both were still children . A contemporary description of Elizabeth Woodville 's coronation relates that Catherine and her husband were carried on squires ' shoulders due to their youth . According to Dominic Mancini , Buckingham resented his marriage to a woman of inferior birth . However , the couple had four children : Edward Stafford , 3rd Duke of Buckingham -LRB- 3 February 1478 -- 17 May 1521 -RRB- Elizabeth Stafford , Countess of Sussex -LRB- ca. 1479 -- 11 May 1532 -RRB- Henry Stafford , 1st Earl of Wiltshire -LRB- c. 1479 -- 6 April 1523 -RRB- Anne Stafford , Countess of Huntingdon -LRB- c. 1483 -- 1544 -RRB- In 1483 , Buckingham first allied himself to the Richard , Duke of Gloucester , helping him succeed to the throne as Richard III , and then to Henry Tudor , leading an unsuccessful rebellion in his name . Buckingham was executed for treason on 2 November 1483 . After Richard III was defeated by Henry Tudor at Bosworth in 1485 , Catherine married the new king 's uncle Jasper Tudor on 7 November 1485 . After Jasper 's death in 1495 - not later than 24 February 1496 , - Catherine married Richard Wingfield , who outlived her . ", "Maud Francis , Countess of Salisbury -LRB- c. 1370 -- c. 1424 -RRB- was daughter of Sir Adam Francis , born 1362 , Mayor of London , and Agnes Champnes . She was married and widowed three times . Her first husband was John Aubrey -LRB- son of another Mayor of London , Andrew Aubrey -RRB- and her second Sir Alan Buxhull , KG in 1372 . Her third husband was John Montacute , 3rd Earl of Salisbury , and they had five children : Richard Montacute Thomas Montacute , 4th Earl of Salisbury Lady Anne Montacute who married Sir Richard II Hankford as his second wife , then Sir Lewis Johan as his second wife and thirdly John Holland , 2nd Duke of Exeter as his third wife . Lady Anne was the mother of Anne Hankford by her first marriage . Lady Margaret Montacute Lady Elizabeth Montacute Following the death of Mary de Bohun , her son , the future Henry V , was given into the care of the Earl and Countess of Salisbury by his father , Henry Bolingbroke , the future King Henry IV of England . They cared for him at the manor of Courtfield in Herefordshire . An effigy in the church at Welsh Bicknor is believed to be that of the countess . In 1400 , the Earl of Salisbury was executed for treason by King Henry IV . In 1420 , Maud petitioned King Henry V to have the earl 's remains transferred from Cirencester Abbey to Bisham Priory . ", "Margaret Holland , Countess of Somerset -LRB- 1385 -- 31 December 1439 -RRB- was the daughter of Thomas Holland , 2nd Earl of Kent , who was the son of Joan `` the Fair Maid of Kent '' -LRB- granddaughter of Edward I of England , wife of Edward the Black Prince and mother of Richard II of England -RRB- . Margaret 's mother was Alice FitzAlan , daughter of Richard FitzAlan , 10th Earl of Arundel and Eleanor of Lancaster . Margaret married John Beaufort , 1st Earl of Somerset , son of John of Gaunt , 1st Duke of Lancaster and his mistress Katherine Swynford . They had six children : Henry Beaufort , 2nd Earl of Somerset -LRB- c. 1401 -- 25 November 1418 -RRB- . John Beaufort , 1st Duke of Somerset -LRB- baptized 25 March 1404 -- 27 May 1444 -RRB- . Thomas Beaufort , Count of Perche -LRB- c. 1405 -- 1431 -RRB- . Lady Joan Beaufort -LRB- c. 1406 -- 15 July 1445 -RRB- , who married James I of Scotland and Sir James Stewart , the Black Knight of Lorn . Edmund Beaufort , 2nd Duke of Somerset -LRB- c. 1406 -- 22 May 1455 -RRB- . Lady Margaret Beaufort , Countess of Devon -LRB- c. 1409 -- 1449 -RRB- , married Thomas de Courtenay , 13th Earl of Devon . In 1399 , she was invested as a Lady Companion , Order of the Garter -LRB- L.G. -RRB- . After Beaufort died in 1410 -LRB- in the Tower of London -RRB- , she married his nephew Thomas of Lancaster , 1st Duke of Clarence , the son of King Henry IV . They had no children . She died on 31 December 1439 at St. Saviour 's Abbey , Bermondsey , in London , England . Margaret and both her husbands are buried together in a carved alabaster tomb in Canterbury Cathedral that shows her lying between the two of them . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "USS_Aphrodite_-LRB-SP-135-RRB-", "Aphrodite", "Bauxite", "Aphrodite_Pandemos", "Aphrodisiac" ]

[ "USS Aphrodite -LRB- SP-135 -RRB- was an armed yacht that served in the United States Navy as a patrol vessel from 1917 to 1919 . ", "Aphrodite -LRB- -LSB- æfrəˈdaɪti -RSB- ; Greek : Αφροδίτη -LRB- Afrodíti -RRB- -RRB- is the Greek goddess of love , beauty , pleasure , and procreation . She is identified with the planet Venus ; her Roman equivalent is the goddess -LSB- Venus -LRB- mythology -RRB- , Venus -RSB- . Myrtle , roses , doves , sparrows and swans were sacred to her . In Hesiod 's Theogony , Aphrodite was created from the sea foam -LRB- aphros -RRB- produced by Uranus 's genitals , which had been severed by Cronus . In Homer 's Iliad , however , she is the daughter of Zeus and Dione . In Plato -LRB- Symposium , 180e -RRB- , these two origins are said to be of hitherto separate entities : Aphrodite Ourania -LRB- a transcendent , `` Heavenly '' Aphrodite -RRB- and Aphrodite Pandemos -LRB- Aphrodite common to `` all the people '' -RRB- . She had many other names , each emphasising a different aspect of the same goddess , or used by a different local cult . Thus she was also known as Cytherea -LRB- Lady of Cythera -RRB- and Cypris -LRB- Lady of Cyprus -RRB- , both of which claimed to be her place of birth . In Greek myth , the other gods feared that Aphrodite 's beauty might lead to conflict and war , through rivalry for her favours ; so Zeus married her off to Hephaestus . Despite this , Aphrodite followed her own inclinations , and had many lovers -- both gods , such as Ares , and men , such as Anchises . She played a role in the Eros and Psyche legend , and was both lover and surrogate mother of Adonis . Many lesser beings were said to be children of Aphrodite . ", "Bauxite , an aluminium ore , is the world 's main source of aluminium . It consists mostly of the minerals gibbsite -LRB- Al -LRB- OH -RRB- 3 -RRB- , boehmite -LRB- γ-AlO -LRB- OH -RRB- -RRB- and diaspore -LRB- α-AlO -LRB- OH -RRB- -RRB- , mixed with the two iron oxides goethite and haematite , the clay mineral kaolinite and small amounts of anatase -LRB- TiO2 -RRB- and ilmenite -LRB- FeTiO3 or FeO.TiO2 -RRB- . In 1821 the French geologist Pierre Berthier discovered bauxite near the village of Les Baux in Provence , southern France . In 1861 , French chemist Henri Sainte-Claire Deville named the mineral `` bauxite '' . ", "Aphrodite Pandemos -LRB- Πάνδημος `` common to all the people '' -RRB- , occurs as an epithet of the Greek goddess Aphrodite , and that in a twofold sense , first describing her as the goddess of low sensual pleasures as Venus vulgivaga or popularis , in opposition to Aphrodite Urania , or `` the heavenly Aphrodite '' . She was represented at Elis by Scopas riding on a ram . The second sense is that of Aphrodite uniting all the inhabitants of a country into one social or political body . In this respect she was worshipped at Athens along with Peitho -LRB- persuasion -RRB- , and her worship was said to have been instituted by Theseus at the time when he united the scattered townships into one great body of citizens . According to some authorities , it was Solon who erected the sanctuary of Aphrodite Pandemos , either because her image stood in the agora , or because the hetaerae had to pay the costs of its erection . The worship of Aphrodite Pandemos also occurs at Megalopolis in Arcadia , and at Thebes . A festival in honour of her is mentioned by Athenaeus . The sacrifices offered to her consisted of white goats . Pandemos occurs also as a surname of Eros . The goddess riding on a goat was also known as Aphrodite Epitragia , `` from a she-goat '' . According to Plutarch , she acquired this epithet from an episode in the life of Theseus when , by the recommendation of Apollo , the hero sacrificed a goat to Aphrodite before departing for Crete in hopes that she would guide him on his voyage . As Theseus sacrificed the customary she-goat , the animal was suddenly transformed into a male goat . ", "An aphrodisiac is a substance that increases libido when consumed . Aphrodisiacs are distinct from substances that address fertility issues or secondary sexual -LRB- dys -RRB- function such as erectile dysfunction -LRB- ED -RRB- . The name comes from the Greek ἀφροδισιακόν , aphrodisiakon , i.e. `` sexual , aphrodisiac '' , from aphrodisios , i.e. `` pertaining to Aphrodite '' , the Greek goddess of love . The opposite substance is an anaphrodisiac . " ]

[ 0, 1, 1, 1, 0 ]

[ "A_Million_in_One,_Two,_Three", "Luv'_Dance-Medley", "Evacuate_the_Dancefloor_-LRB-song-RRB-", "One_Dance", "List_of_UK_Dance_Singles_Chart_number_ones_of_2005" ]

[ "`` A Million in One , Two , Three '' was the Belgian entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1977 , performed in English -LRB- the first time that Belgium had not performed at least part of their entry in French or Dutch -RRB- by Dream Express , a band consisting of Luc Smets and the three sisters Maessen ; Bianca , Patricia and Stella . In 1970 the Maessen sisters had represented their native Netherlands with `` Waterman '' , then under the group moniker Hearts of Soul . `` A Million in One , Two , Three '' was performed seventeenth on the night , following Finland 's Monica Aspelund with `` Lapponia '' and preceding France 's Marie Myriam with `` L'oiseau et l'enfant '' . At the close of voting , it had received 69 points , coming seventh in a field of eighteen . The song is an up-tempo , disco-influenced number that deals with the group needing `` a million '' -LRB- dollars -RRB- and pleading with `` Mister President '' -LRB- of a company -RRB- for a job . They go on to describe the affluent lifestyle they hope to live with the money . It was succeeded as Belgian representative at the 1978 Contest by Jean Vallée performing `` L'amour ça fait chanter la vie '' . Stella Maessen returned to the Contest as a solo artist in 1982 with `` Si tu aimes ma musique '' , again representing Belgium . The Conductor for Dream Express that night was the English Bandleader and Musical Arranger Alyn Ainsworth . The previous year in 1976 at the Eurovision Song Contest in the Netherlands , Ainsworth conducted for Brotherhood of Man with their No 1 hit ` Save Your Kisses For Me ` which took first place . ", "`` LUV Dance-Medley '' is the twenty seventh single by Dutch girl group Luv ' , released in 1993 by the labels Ultrapop/Edel Music in Germany , Switzerland and Austria . This remixed version of the 1989 Hit-medley is composed from parts of the group 's greatest hits recorded by Luv ' members different from the original formation : Marga Scheide , Michelle Gold and Diana van Berlo . ", "`` Evacuate the Dancefloor '' is a song by German group Cascada from their third studio album of the same name . The song features an uncredited guest rap from Zimbabwean rapper Carlprit and was released as the album 's lead single on 29 June 2009 . The song peaked at number five on the German Singles Chart . Outside Germany , the single topped the charts in the Netherlands and the United Kingdom . It also became the act 's third number-one single on the US Billboard Hot Dance Airplay chart and second top forty hit on the US Billboard Hot 100 , following 2006 's `` Everytime We Touch '' . The single peaked within the top ten of the charts in several countries such as Australia , Canada , France , Germany , New Zealand and the Republic of Ireland , and the top thirty in the United States . The track was featured on the Xbox 360 Kinect video game Dance Central , as well as the television advertisements for the game . ", "`` One Dance '' is a song by Canadian rapper Drake from his fourth studio album , Views -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . It features guest vocals from Nigerian Afrobeat artist Wizkid and British singer Kyla . The artists co-wrote the dancehall and afrobeat song with its co-producers Nineteen85 , DJ Maphorisa , and Noah `` 40 '' Shebib , with production assistance from Wizkid . Crazy Cousinz and Kyla also received songwriting credits for the sampling of their 2008 UK funky song `` Do You Mind '' . `` One Dance '' was released for digital download on April 5 , 2016 and was serviced to US urban , rhythmic , and contemporary hit radio on April 12 , 2016 . `` One Dance '' was released shortly after the release date for Views was announced , alongside `` Pop Style '' . `` One Dance '' was the first of three dancehall singles to be released from Views , along with `` Controlla '' and `` Too Good '' . `` One Dance '' reached number one in 15 countries , including Australia , Canada , France , Germany , Ireland , the Netherlands , New Zealand , Switzerland , the United Kingdom , and the United States , becoming Drake 's first number-one single in all 15 countries as the lead artist . It topped the US Billboard Hot 100 for 10 non-consecutive weeks and the UK Singles Chart for 15 consecutive weeks , making it the joint-second longest consecutive number one in the country . Featured artist Wizkid became the first Nigerian artist to top the US Billboard Hot 100 chart . `` One Dance '' became the second dancehall song of 2016 to top the Billboard Hot 100 after Rihanna 's `` Work '' which also featured Drake . On September 7 , 2016 , Billboard named `` One Dance '' the 2016 Song of the Summer . As of December 2016 , it has sold 2 million copies in the US , thus being the fifth-best-selling song of the year . For Apple Music it was the best performing song of the year . On October 15 , 2016 , `` One Dance '' became the most played song ever on streaming media service Spotify , with over one billion individual streams , overtaking the previous record held by Major Lazer and DJ Snake 's `` Lean On '' . `` One Dance '' was the best-performing single worldwide of 2016 and is one of the best-selling of all-time . ", "The UK Dance Chart is a weekly chart that ranks the biggest-selling dance singles in the United Kingdom , and is compiled by the Official Charts Company . In 2005 , the chart was based on sales of CD singles and 12-inch singles , and was published in the UK magazines ChartsPlus and Music Week and on BBC Radio 1 's official website . During the year , 40 singles reached number one . The biggest-selling dance hit of 2005 was `` Hung Up '' by Madonna -- it sold nearly 328,000 copies in the UK and topped the UK Singles Chart . `` Hung Up '' was also the longest-running number one of year , spending four weeks at the top ; it was the longest running number one since `` Lola 's Theme '' by Shapeshifters had spent five weeks at number one the previous year . Other high-selling dance singles included `` I Like the Way '' by Bodyrockers , which sold over 188,000 copies , and `` Shot You Down '' by Audio Bullys featuring Nancy Sinatra , which sold nearly 161,000 singles . Both `` I Like the Way '' and `` Shot You Down '' reached Number 3 on the UK Singles Chart . Four acts topped the chart with more than one single . They were : Daft Punk , Pendulum , Basement Jaxx and The Prodigy . The only act to top the chart with more than two singles was Mylo , who reached number one with `` Destroy Rock & Roll '' , `` In My Arms '' and `` Doctor Pressure '' . Chart-topping singles from the 2005 UK Dance Chart also included a new remix of `` Insomnia '' by Faithless and `` Do Your Thing '' by Basement Jaxx , which reached number one after being used in an advert for British television network ITV . The Prodigy topped the chart with a rerelease of their previous singles `` Voodoo People '' and `` Out of Space '' , which were remixed by fellow chart-toppers Pendulum and Audio Bullys . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "University_of_Chicago_Law_School", "THE–QS_World_University_Rankings,_2006", "Times_Higher_Education_World_University_Rankings", "University_of_Houston_Law_Center", "Northwestern_University" ]

[ "The University of Chicago Law School is the graduate school of law at the University of Chicago . It was founded in 1902 by a coalition of donors led by John D. Rockefeller . U.S. News & World Report ranks Chicago fourth among U.S. law schools , and it is noted for its influence on the economic analysis of law . The University of Chicago Law School was ranked third in the country by the 2015 Above The Law Rankings , which ranks law schools based on employment outcomes such as quality of jobs , federal clerkships , and alumni satisfaction . Chicago is ranked second by Brian Leiter of the University of Chicago Law School on the `` Top 15 Schools From Which the Most ` Prestigious ' Law Firms Hire New Lawyers , '' and first for `` Faculty quality based on American Academy of Arts and Sciences Membership . '' It is ranked 12th in the 2016 QS World University Rankings . The Law School has the third highest gross and third highest per capita placement of alumni in U.S. Supreme Court clerkships with approximately 15-25 % of each graduating class going on to a state or federal clerkship . The ABA disclosures indicate that 75 % of Chicago graduates earned starting salaries of $ 160,000 or greater upon graduation . The law school was ranked # 3 of all law schools nationwide by the National Law Journal in terms of sending the highest percentage of 2015 graduates to the largest 100 law firms in the US -LRB- 52.04 % -RRB- . ", "This is the 2006 THE -- QS World University Rankings list of the top 200 universities in the world . ", "Times Higher Education World University Rankings is an annual publication of university rankings by Times Higher Education -LRB- THE -RRB- magazine . The publisher had collaborated with Quacquarelli Symonds -LRB- QS -RRB- to publish the joint THE -- QS World University Rankings from 2004 to 2009 before it turned to Thomson Reuters for a new ranking system . The publication now comprises the world 's overall , subject , and reputation rankings , alongside three regional league tables , Asia , Latin America , and BRICS & Emerging Economies which are generated by consistent methodology . It is considered as one of the most widely observed university measures together with Academic Ranking of World Universities and QS World University Rankings . It is praised for having a new improved methodology but undermining non-English-instructing institutions and being commercialized are the major criticisms . ", "The University of Houston Law Center is the law school of the University of Houston in Houston , Texas . Founded in 1947 , the Law Center is one of 12 colleges of the University of Houston , a state university . It is accredited by the American Bar Association and is a member of the Association of American Law Schools . The law school 's facilities are located on the university 's 667-acre campus in southeast Houston . The Law Center awards the Juris Doctor -LRB- J.D. -RRB- and Master of Laws -LRB- LL.M . -RRB- degrees . The law school is among four law schools tied for 50th in the 2016 U.S. News & World Report law school rankings . According to UHLC 's 2013 ABA-required disclosures , 63.2 % of the class of 2013 obtained full-time , long-term , JD-required employment nine months after graduation . The dean of the Law Center is Leonard M. Baynes . ", "Northwestern University -LRB- NU -RRB- is a private research university based in Evanston , Illinois , with campuses in Chicago , Illinois , and Doha , Qatar , and academic programs/facilities in Washington , D.C. , and San Francisco , California . Composed of twelve schools and colleges , Northwestern offers 124 undergraduate degrees and 145 graduate and professional degrees . It is considered one of the most prestigious universities in the United States , notably in social sciences where it ranks 11th worldwide . Northwestern was founded in 1851 by John Evans , for whom the City of Evanston is named , and eight other lawyers , businessmen and Methodist leaders . Its founding purpose was to serve the Northwest Territory , an area that today includes the states of Ohio , Indiana , Illinois , Michigan , Wisconsin and parts of Minnesota . Instruction began in 1855 ; women were admitted in 1869 . Today , the main campus is a 240 acre parcel in Evanston , along the shores of Lake Michigan 12 miles north of downtown Chicago . The university 's law , medical , and professional schools are located on a 25 acre campus in Chicago 's Streeterville neighborhood . In 2008 , the university opened a campus in Education City , Doha , Qatar with programs in journalism and communication . In 2016 , Northwestern opened its San Francisco space at 44 Montgomery St. , which hosts journalism , engineering , and marketing programs . Northwestern is a large research university with a comprehensive doctoral program and it attracts over $ 650 million in sponsored research each year . Northwestern has the tenth largest university endowment in the United States , currently valued at $ 9.6 billion . In 2017 , the university accepted 9.0 % of undergraduate applicants from a pool of 37,255 . Northwestern is a founding member of the Big Ten Conference and remains the only private university in the conference . The Northwestern Wildcats compete in 19 intercollegiate sports in the NCAA 's Division I Big Ten Conference . " ]

[ 1, 0, 1, 0, 2 ]

[ "Warren_Beatty", "Geoffrey_Muller", "Reds_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Eric_G._Stacey", "Alec_Bregonzi" ]

[ "Henry Warren Beatty -LRB- née Beaty ; born March 30 , 1937 -RRB- , better known as Warren Beatty , is an American actor and filmmaker . He has been nominated for fourteen Academy Awards -- four for Best Actor , four for Best Picture , two for Best Director , three for Original Screenplay , and one for Adapted Screenplay -- winning Best Director for Reds -LRB- 1981 -RRB- . Beatty is the first and only person to have been twice nominated for acting in , directing , writing , and producing the same film -- first with Heaven Can Wait -LRB- 1978 -RRB- , which was co-written by Elaine May and co-directed by Buck Henry , and again with Reds , which he co-wrote with Trevor Griffiths . In 1999 , he was awarded the Academy 's highest honor , the Irving G. Thalberg Award . Beatty has been nominated for eighteen Golden Globe Awards , winning six , including the Golden Globe Cecil B. DeMille Award , which he was honored with in 2007 . Among his Golden Globe-nominated films are Splendor in the Grass -LRB- 1961 -RRB- , his screen debut , and Bonnie and Clyde -LRB- 1967 -RRB- , Shampoo -LRB- 1975 -RRB- , Dick Tracy -LRB- 1990 -RRB- , Bugsy -LRB- 1991 -RRB- , Bulworth -LRB- 1998 -RRB- and Rules Do n't Apply -LRB- 2016 -RRB- , all of which he also produced . Arthur Penn , who directed Bonnie and Clyde , described Beatty as `` the perfect producer '' , adding , `` He makes everyone demand the best of themselves . Warren stays with a picture through editing , mixing and scoring . He plain works harder than anyone else I have ever seen . '' ", "Geoffrey Muller -LRB- 1917-1994 -RRB- was a British film editor . He worked a number of times with the film director Ken Hughes . ", "Reds is a 1981 American epic drama film co-written , produced and directed by Warren Beatty . The picture centers on the life and career of John Reed , the journalist and writer who chronicled the Russian Revolution in his book Ten Days That Shook the World . Beatty stars in the lead role alongside Diane Keaton as Louise Bryant and Jack Nicholson as Eugene O'Neill . The supporting cast includes Edward Herrmann , Jerzy Kosinski , Paul Sorvino , Maureen Stapleton , Gene Hackman , Ramon Bieri , Nicolas Coster and M. Emmet Walsh . The film also features , as `` witnesses , '' interviews with the 98-year-old radical educator and peace activist Scott Nearing , author Dorothy Frooks , reporter and author George Seldes , civil liberties advocate Roger Baldwin , and the American writer Henry Miller , among others . Beatty was awarded the Academy Award for Best Director and the film was nominated for Best Picture , but lost to Chariots of Fire . Beatty , Keaton , Nicholson and Stapleton were nominated for Best Actor , Best Actress , Best Supporting Actor and Best Supporting Actress , respectively . Stapleton was the only one of the four to win . Beatty was also nominated , along with co-writer Trevor Griffiths , for Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay , but lost to Chariots of Fire . Beatty became the third person to be nominated for Academy Awards in the categories Best Actor , Director and Original Screenplay for a film nominated for Best Picture . In June 2008 , the American Film Institute revealed its `` Ten Top Ten '' -- the best ten films in ten `` classic '' American film genres -- after polling over 1,500 people from the creative community . Reds was acknowledged as the ninth best film in the epic genre . ", "Eric G. Stacey -LRB- 4 December 1903 -- 11 May 1969 -RRB- was a British Assistant director and Production manager . He was nominated three times for an Academy Award for Best Assistant Director for his work on the Darryl F. Zanuck production of Les Miserables -LRB- 1935 -RRB- and the David O. Selznick productions of The Garden of Allah -LRB- 1936 -RRB- and A Star Is Born -LRB- 1937 -RRB- , the last year the Award was given to Assistant directors . ", "Alec Bregonzi -LRB- 21 April 1930 , London -- 4 June 2006 -RRB- was an English actor who appeared in a number of stage and television roles . Bregonzi began his career as a professional actor in 1955 in repertory theatre in Farnham , then in York , Bromley and Leatherhead , amongst other places . Work in the West End followed , in Tennessee Williams 's Camino Real , where he played two parts and understudied Ronnie Barker . In 1957 , Bregonzi appeared in Hancock 's Half Hour for the first time . He went on to appear in 22 of the 63 television episodes Tony Hancock made for BBC Television . In 1958 , Bregonzi toured with Hancock , and they performed the famous `` Budgerigar '' sketch together on tour and in the Royal Variety Performance and on television -LRB- in Christmas Night with the Stars -RRB- . They toured together again in 1961 . Duncan Wood , the television director of Hancock 's Half Hour recommended Bregonzi to other directors , so that he also appeared in 1950s/60s shows starring Benny Hill , Charlie Drake , Arthur Askey , Ted Ray , Frankie Howerd , Harry Worth , Jimmy Logan , and Alan Melville , among others . Later on , Bregonzi worked with comedians Cannon and Ball , Kenny Everett , Hale and Pace , Little and Large , Kelly Monteith , and on half a dozen occasions in the television series The Two Ronnies -LRB- with Ronnie Barker and Ronnie Corbett -RRB- and Filthy Rich and Catflap -LRB- 1987 , with Rik Mayall , Adrian Edmondson and Nigel Planer -RRB- . In ` straight ' television , he appeared in The Recruiting Officer -LRB- Play of the Month , 1973 -RRB- , The Mayor of Casterbridge -LRB- 1978 -RRB- , Don Camillo -LRB- 1981 -RRB- , Great Expectations -LRB- 1981 -RRB- , The Barchester Chronicles -LRB- 1982 -RRB- , Mapp & Lucia -LRB- 1986 -RRB- , London 's Burning -LRB- 1988 -RRB- , A Royal Scandal -LRB- 1997 -RRB- , and Happiness -LRB- 2001 -RRB- , his last screen role . Bregonzi read viewers ' letters for BBC TV 's Points of View , hosted by Robert Robinson and later Barry Took , which led to a radio series Joke By Joke , compiled by Took . He also appeared in radio comedy with Kenneth Connor , Richard Briers and others . In 1995-1997 , he played the voice parts of several characters in the puppet series The Treacle People . He appeared in several films , including the French film L'Etincelle -LRB- 1986 -RRB- , which he regarded as his best film part . Bregonzi 's extensive acting work included television commercials , both in the UK and abroad . A great opera fan , he was frequently to be seen in the audience at fringe London opera productions . " ]

[ 1, 0, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Compact_-LRB-newspaper-RRB-", "It's_About_Time_-LRB-CSULA_album-RRB-", "1984–85_United_States_network_television_schedule_-LRB-late_night-RRB-", "Time_on_Earth", "The_Standard_-LRB-Take_6_album-RRB-" ]

[ "A compact newspaper is a broadsheet-quality newspaper printed in a tabloid format -LRB- slightly taller -RRB- , especially one in the United Kingdom . The term as used for this size -LRB- not to be confused with 108 × 171 mm or 4.25 × 6.75 inches paper sizes -RRB- came into its current use when The Independent began producing a smaller format edition for London 's commuters , designed to be easier to read when using mass transit . Readers from other parts of the country liked the new format , with the result that The Independent introduced it nationally . The Times and The Scotsman copied the format as The Independent increased sales . All three newspapers are now printed exclusively in compact format following trial periods during which both broadsheet and compact version were produced simultaneously . The term `` compact '' was coined in the 1970s by the Daily Mail when that newspaper went tabloid , although the Mail now calls itself a tabloid . It is often used to differentiate newspapers with more traditional content from those with a flamboyant or salacious publishing style , even though they may share the same size . The functional opposite of compact is red top , as the nameplates of British sensationalist tabloids tend to be red . ", "It 's About Time is the first CD digital format album release by the California State University , Los Angeles Jazz Ensembles completed in 1990 . In addition to two big bands -LRB- 1989/1990 -RRB- the CD features the CSULA Jazz Sextet . The jazz bands had numerous student musicians that have made a name for themselves as professionals to include Luis Bonilla , Jack Cooper , Corey Gemme , Alan Parr , Randall Willis , Paul De Castro , Alex Henderson , Sheffer Bruton , Ruben Ramos , and José Arellano . ", "These are the late night Monday-Friday schedules on all three networks for each calendar season beginning September 1984 . All times are Eastern/Pacific . Talk/variety shows are highlighted in yellow , network news programs in gold , and local news & programs are highlighted in white background . ", "Time on Earth is the fifth studio album by the pop-rock band Crowded House . Tracks have been produced by both Ethan Johns and Steve Lillywhite and the album was released on 30 June 2007 in Australia , 2 July in the United Kingdom and 10 July in North America . Time on Earth is the band 's first studio album since 1993 , and marks the reunion of the band eleven years after they disbanded and features new drummer Matt Sherrod in place of the original drummer , Paul Hester , who took his own life in 2005 . As the first studio album from the group in fourteen years , Time on Earth has been subject to much speculation . Upon its release the album garnered positive critical reception and reached Platinum status within weeks of release in Australia , and Gold status in its second week of release in New Zealand . To promote the album , the group toured internationally , beginning by performing at Coachella music festival and at Live Earth in July . For further promotion , three singles were released from the album , `` Do n't Stop Now '' , `` She Called Up '' and `` Pour Le Monde '' , and a special tour edition of the album was released in Australia in November 2007 featuring an extra CD with eleven songs from a concert from the album 's North American tour . ", "The Standard , released on September 30 , 2008 on Heads Up International , is a Jazz music album by American contemporary Gospel music group Take 6 . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Sierra_Morena", "Trasmiera", "Quintana_de_la_Serena", "Morel_-LRB-les_Saintes-RRB-", "Madera_Municipality" ]

[ "The Sierra Morena is one of the main systems of mountain ranges in Spain . It stretches for 450 kilometres from east to west across the south of the Iberian Peninsula , forming the southern border of the Meseta Central plateau and providing the watershed between the valleys of the Guadiana to the north and the west , and the Guadalquivir to the south . Its highest summit is 1,332 m high Bañuela . Other notable peaks are Corral de Borros 1,312 m and Cerro de la Estrella 1,298 m. The name Sierra Morena has a strong legendary reputation in Spanish culture and tradition , with myths about bandits -LRB- Los bandidos de Sierra Morena -RRB- , a giant snake -LRB- El Saetón de Sierra Morena -RRB- and a child brought up by wolves -LRB- Marcos Rodríguez Pantoja -RRB- , among others . This range is also mentioned in the famous Mexican song `` Cielito Lindo '' and in one of the most well known traditional Spanish songs , `` Soy Minero '' , interpreted by Antonio Molina . ", "Trasmiera -LRB- Spanish : Trasmiera ; Cantabrian and historically : Tresmiera -RRB- is a historic comarca of Cantabria -LRB- Spain -RRB- , located to the east of the Miera River -LRB- tras Miera , meaning behind Miera , from the point of view of Asturias de Santillana -RRB- , reaching the western side of the Asón . It extends between the bays of Santander and Santoña , occupying most of the Eastern seaboard of Cantabria . This piece of coast is known for its cliffs and fine beaches , such as those of Langre , Loredo , Isla , Noja and Berria . Towards the interior , the comarca offers large prairies as well as considerable hotel and camping development . It is subdivided into the municipalities of Argoños , Arnuero , Bárcena de Cicero , Bareyo , Entrambasaguas , Escalante , Hazas de Cesto , Liérganes , Marina de Cudeyo , Medio Cudeyo , Meruelo , Miera , Noja , Ribamontán al Mar , Ribamontán al Monte , Riotuerto , Santoña , Solórzano and Voto . ", "Quintana de la Serena is a municipality located in the province of Badajoz , Extremadura , Spain . According to the 2005 census -LRB- INE -RRB- , the municipality has a population of 5347 inhabitants . It has a lot of granite around and quarries are its first economic motor . Category : Municipalities in the Province of Badajoz Category : Populated places in the Province of Badajoz ", "Morel is a mountain located on Terre-de-Haut Island on the archipelago of Îles des Saintes , in the Lesser Antilles with the height of 136 meters -LRB- 446 feet -RRB- . Situated in the North of the island , between the bay of Marigot and the bay of Pompierre , it is one of the principal height of the archipelago . It shelters an ancient fortress , called Caroline battery . ", "Madera is one of the 67 municipalities of Chihuahua , in the Sierra Nevada mountains of northern Mexico . The municipal seat lies at Madera . The municipality covers an area of 8,158.8 km ² . As of 2010 , the municipality had a total population of 29,611 , down from 32,031 as of 2005 . As of 2010 , the city of Madera had a population of 15,447 . Other than the city of Madera , the municipality had 600 localities , the largest of which -LRB- with 2010 populations in parentheses -RRB- were : El Largo -LRB- 3,522 -RRB- , Nicolás Bravo -LRB- 1,862 -RRB- , classified as urban , and Las Varas -LRB- Estación Babícora -RRB- -LRB- 1,417 -RRB- and Mesa del Huracán -LRB- Chihuahuita -RRB- -LRB- 1,102 -RRB- , classified as rural . The economy is primarily based on logging , madera meaning wood in Spanish . There is also some agriculture and cattle ranches in the municipality . The municipality is also known for its caves and parks and within a 50 km radius of the town there are many caves featuring pre-Columbian artworks . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 0, 2 ]

[ "The_Ghost_Is_Dancing", "Dance_for_Me", "One_Dance", "My_Tribe_Is_My_Life", "Kaitlyn_Weaver" ]

[ "The Ghost Is Dancing is a Canadian indie-pop band formed in 2002 in Toronto , Ontario , Canada . ", "Dance For Me or Dance 4 Me may refer to : ", "`` One Dance '' is a song by Canadian rapper Drake from his fourth studio album , Views -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . It features guest vocals from Nigerian Afrobeat artist Wizkid and British singer Kyla . The artists co-wrote the dancehall and afrobeat song with its co-producers Nineteen85 , DJ Maphorisa , and Noah `` 40 '' Shebib , with production assistance from Wizkid . Crazy Cousinz and Kyla also received songwriting credits for the sampling of their 2008 UK funky song `` Do You Mind '' . `` One Dance '' was released for digital download on April 5 , 2016 and was serviced to US urban , rhythmic , and contemporary hit radio on April 12 , 2016 . `` One Dance '' was released shortly after the release date for Views was announced , alongside `` Pop Style '' . `` One Dance '' was the first of three dancehall singles to be released from Views , along with `` Controlla '' and `` Too Good '' . `` One Dance '' reached number one in 15 countries , including Australia , Canada , France , Germany , Ireland , the Netherlands , New Zealand , Switzerland , the United Kingdom , and the United States , becoming Drake 's first number-one single in all 15 countries as the lead artist . It topped the US Billboard Hot 100 for 10 non-consecutive weeks and the UK Singles Chart for 15 consecutive weeks , making it the joint-second longest consecutive number one in the country . Featured artist Wizkid became the first Nigerian artist to top the US Billboard Hot 100 chart . `` One Dance '' became the second dancehall song of 2016 to top the Billboard Hot 100 after Rihanna 's `` Work '' which also featured Drake . On September 7 , 2016 , Billboard named `` One Dance '' the 2016 Song of the Summer . As of December 2016 , it has sold 2 million copies in the US , thus being the fifth-best-selling song of the year . For Apple Music it was the best performing song of the year . On October 15 , 2016 , `` One Dance '' became the most played song ever on streaming media service Spotify , with over one billion individual streams , overtaking the previous record held by Major Lazer and DJ Snake 's `` Lean On '' . `` One Dance '' was the best-performing single worldwide of 2016 and is one of the best-selling of all-time . ", "My Tribe Is My Life -LRB- French : Ma tribu c'est ma vie -RRB- is an interactive web documentary produced in Montreal by the National Film Board of Canada -LRB- NFB -RRB- , which explores how young people use the internet to forge identities and relationships within various music subcultures . Directed by Myriam Verreault -LRB- À l'ouest de Pluton -RRB- , the project follows eight people from across the province of Quebec who have found virtual communities through the Web . Web users watch videos about the eight protagonists , along with survey questions , statistics and quotes . The site features live streaming music , and users can also create their own online avatars . The idea for a web documentary about online musical communities was conceived by NFB interactive producer Hugues Sweeney.My Tribe Is My Life was produced by Sweeney and web designer Alex Leduc of Atelier Deux Huit Huit . My Tribe Is My Life received the grand prize for best experimental website at the 2011 Concours Boomerang , honouring Quebec interactive media . ", "Kaitlyn Elizabeth Weaver -LRB- born April 12 , 1989 -RRB- is an American-Canadian ice dancer . With partner Andrew Poje , she is a two-time World medalist -LRB- 2014 silver , 2015 bronze -RRB- , a two-time Four Continents champion -LRB- 2010 , 2015 -RRB- , a two-time Grand Prix Final champion -LRB- 2014 -- 15 , 2015 -- 16 -RRB- , and a two-time Canadian national champion -LRB- 2015 , 2016 -RRB- . " ]

[ 0, 0, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Phoenix,_Arizona", "Phoenix_metropolitan_area", "Arizona", "Tempe,_Arizona", "Phoenix_Suns" ]

[ "Phoenix -LRB- -LSB- ˈfiːnᵻks -RSB- -RRB- is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Arizona . With 1,615,017 people , Phoenix is the fifth most populous city nationwide , the most populous state capital in the United States , and the only state capital with a population of more than one million residents . Phoenix is the anchor of the Phoenix metropolitan area , also known as the Valley of the Sun , which in turn is a part of the Salt River Valley . The metropolitan area is the 12th largest by population in the United States , with approximately 4.3 million people . In addition , Phoenix is the seat of Maricopa County and , at 517.9 square miles -LRB- 1,341 km2 -RRB- , it is the largest city in the state , more than twice the size of Tucson and one of the largest cities in the United States . Settled in 1867 as an agricultural community near the confluence of the Salt and Gila Rivers , Phoenix incorporated as a city in 1881 . Located in the northeastern reaches of the Sonoran Desert , Phoenix has a subtropical desert climate . Despite this , its canal system led to a thriving farming community , many of the original crops remaining important parts of the Phoenix economy for decades , such as alfalfa , cotton , citrus , and hay -LRB- which was important for the cattle industry -RRB- . In fact , the `` Five C 's '' -LRB- Cotton , Cattle , Citrus , Climate , and Copper -RRB- , remained the driving forces of Phoenix 's economy until after World War II , when high-tech industries began to move into the valley and air conditioning made residences much more comfortable in the very hot summers . The city averaged a four percent annual population growth rate over a 40-year period from the mid-1960s to the mid-2000s . This growth rate slowed during the Great Recession of 2007 -- 09 , and has rebounded slowly . Phoenix is the cultural center of the Valley of the Sun , as well as the entire state . ", "The Phoenix Metropolitan Area -- often referred to as the Valley of the Sun , the Salt River Valley or Metro Phoenix -- is a metropolitan area , centered on the city of Phoenix , that includes much of the central part of the U.S. State of Arizona . The United States Census Bureau designates the area as the Phoenix-Mesa-Chandler Metropolitan Statistical Area -LRB- MSA -RRB- , defining it as Maricopa and Pinal counties . As of the Census Bureau 's 2015 population estimates , the Valley had 4,574,351 residents , making it the 12th largest Metropolitan Area in the nation by population . The gross domestic product of the Phoenix Metropolitan Area was $ 215 billion in 2014 , 15th largest amongst metro areas in the United States . It is also one of the fastest growing major metropolitan areas , gaining nearly 400,000 residents from 2010 to 2015 , and more than 1.3 million since 2000 . The population of the Phoenix Metropolitan Area increased by 45.3 % from 1990 through 2000 , compared to the average United States rate of 13.2 % , helping to make Arizona the second fastest growing state in the nation in the 1990s -LRB- the fastest was Nevada -RRB- . The 2000 Census reported the population of the metropolitan area to be 3,251,876 . As for the 2010 Census , the two-county metropolitan area was reported to have a population of 4,192,887 . Metro Phoenix grew by 941,011 people from April 2000 to April 2010 , making it one of the fastest growing metro areas in the country . This also contributed to the entire state 's exceptional growth , as the area is home to just over two-thirds of Arizona 's population . ", "Arizona -LRB- -LSB- ɛərᵻˈzoʊnə , _ ærᵻ - -RSB- -RRB- -LRB- Hoozdo Hahoodzo -LSB- xòːztò xɑ̀xòːtsò -RSB- O'odham : Alĭ ṣonak -LSB- ˡaɺi ˡʃonak -RSB- -RRB- is a state in the southwestern region of the United States . It is also part of the Western and the Mountain states . It is the sixth largest and the 14th most populous of the 50 states . Its capital and largest city is Phoenix . Arizona is one of the Four Corners states . It has borders with New Mexico , Utah , Nevada , California , and Mexico , and one point in common with the southwestern corner of Colorado . Arizona 's border with Mexico is 389 miles -LRB- 626 km -RRB- long , on the northern border of the Mexican states of Sonora and Baja California . Arizona is the 48th state and last of the contiguous states to be admitted to the Union , achieving statehood on February 14 , 1912 . Historically part of the territory of Alta California in New Spain , it became part of independent Mexico in 1821 . After being defeated in the Mexican -- American War , Mexico ceded much of this territory to the United States in 1848 . The southernmost portion of the state was acquired in 1853 through the Gadsden Purchase . Southern Arizona is known for its desert climate , with very hot summers and mild winters . Northern Arizona features forests of pine , Douglas fir , and spruce trees ; the Colorado Plateau ; some mountain ranges -LRB- such as the San Francisco Mountains -RRB- ; as well as large , deep canyons , with much more moderate summer temperatures and significant winter snowfalls . There are ski resorts in the areas of Flagstaff , Alpine , and Tucson . In addition to the Grand Canyon National Park , there are several national forests , national parks , and national monuments . About one-quarter of the state is made up of Indian reservations that serve as the home of 27 federally recognized Native American tribes , including the Navajo Nation , the largest in the state and the United States , with more than 300,000 citizens . Although federal law gave all Native Americans the right to vote in 1924 , Arizona excluded those living on reservations from voting until its state Supreme Court ruled in 1948 in favor of Native American plaintiffs . ", "Tempe -LRB- -LSB- tɛmˈpiː -RSB- ; Oidbaḍ in Pima -RRB- , also known as Hayden 's Ferry during the territorial times of Arizona , is a city in Maricopa County , Arizona , United States , with the Census Bureau reporting a 2010 population of 161,719 . The city is named after the Vale of Tempe in Greece . Tempe is located in the East Valley section of metropolitan Phoenix ; it is bordered by Phoenix and Guadalupe on the west , Scottsdale on the north , Chandler on the south , and Mesa on the east . Tempe is also the location of Arizona State University . ", "The Phoenix Suns are an American professional basketball team based in Phoenix , Arizona . The Suns compete in the National Basketball Association -LRB- NBA -RRB- as a member team of the league 's Western Conference Pacific Division , and are the only team in their division not to be based in California . Since 1992 , the Suns have played their home games at Talking Stick Resort Arena in downtown Phoenix . The Suns began play as an expansion team in 1968 . The franchise owns the NBA 's fourth-best all-time winning percentage , winning 55 percent of its games , as of the end of the 2014 -- 15 season . In 47 years of play , they have made the playoffs 29 times , posted 19 seasons of 50 or more wins , made nine trips to the Western Conference Finals , and advanced to the NBA Finals twice , in 1976 and 1993 . As a result , the Suns are the team with the highest all-time win-loss percentage to have never won an NBA championship . With the National Hockey League 's Phoenix Coyotes changing their geographic location name to Arizona on June 27 , 2014 -LRB- which was required as part of their new Gila River Arena lease agreement -RRB- , the Suns are the only men 's major professional sports franchise based in the state of Arizona that brands themselves exclusively to the city of Phoenix rather than the state as a whole . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Phoenix,_Arizona", "Phoenix_metropolitan_area", "Arizona", "Tempe,_Arizona", "Phoenix_Suns" ]

[ "Phoenix -LRB- -LSB- ˈfiːnᵻks -RSB- -RRB- is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Arizona . With 1,615,017 people , Phoenix is the fifth most populous city nationwide , the most populous state capital in the United States , and the only state capital with a population of more than one million residents . Phoenix is the anchor of the Phoenix metropolitan area , also known as the Valley of the Sun , which in turn is a part of the Salt River Valley . The metropolitan area is the 12th largest by population in the United States , with approximately 4.3 million people . In addition , Phoenix is the seat of Maricopa County and , at 517.9 square miles -LRB- 1,341 km2 -RRB- , it is the largest city in the state , more than twice the size of Tucson and one of the largest cities in the United States . Settled in 1867 as an agricultural community near the confluence of the Salt and Gila Rivers , Phoenix incorporated as a city in 1881 . Located in the northeastern reaches of the Sonoran Desert , Phoenix has a subtropical desert climate . Despite this , its canal system led to a thriving farming community , many of the original crops remaining important parts of the Phoenix economy for decades , such as alfalfa , cotton , citrus , and hay -LRB- which was important for the cattle industry -RRB- . In fact , the `` Five C 's '' -LRB- Cotton , Cattle , Citrus , Climate , and Copper -RRB- , remained the driving forces of Phoenix 's economy until after World War II , when high-tech industries began to move into the valley and air conditioning made residences much more comfortable in the very hot summers . The city averaged a four percent annual population growth rate over a 40-year period from the mid-1960s to the mid-2000s . This growth rate slowed during the Great Recession of 2007 -- 09 , and has rebounded slowly . Phoenix is the cultural center of the Valley of the Sun , as well as the entire state . ", "The Phoenix Metropolitan Area -- often referred to as the Valley of the Sun , the Salt River Valley or Metro Phoenix -- is a metropolitan area , centered on the city of Phoenix , that includes much of the central part of the U.S. State of Arizona . The United States Census Bureau designates the area as the Phoenix-Mesa-Chandler Metropolitan Statistical Area -LRB- MSA -RRB- , defining it as Maricopa and Pinal counties . As of the Census Bureau 's 2015 population estimates , the Valley had 4,574,351 residents , making it the 12th largest Metropolitan Area in the nation by population . The gross domestic product of the Phoenix Metropolitan Area was $ 215 billion in 2014 , 15th largest amongst metro areas in the United States . It is also one of the fastest growing major metropolitan areas , gaining nearly 400,000 residents from 2010 to 2015 , and more than 1.3 million since 2000 . The population of the Phoenix Metropolitan Area increased by 45.3 % from 1990 through 2000 , compared to the average United States rate of 13.2 % , helping to make Arizona the second fastest growing state in the nation in the 1990s -LRB- the fastest was Nevada -RRB- . The 2000 Census reported the population of the metropolitan area to be 3,251,876 . As for the 2010 Census , the two-county metropolitan area was reported to have a population of 4,192,887 . Metro Phoenix grew by 941,011 people from April 2000 to April 2010 , making it one of the fastest growing metro areas in the country . This also contributed to the entire state 's exceptional growth , as the area is home to just over two-thirds of Arizona 's population . ", "Arizona -LRB- -LSB- ɛərᵻˈzoʊnə , _ ærᵻ - -RSB- -RRB- -LRB- Hoozdo Hahoodzo -LSB- xòːztò xɑ̀xòːtsò -RSB- O'odham : Alĭ ṣonak -LSB- ˡaɺi ˡʃonak -RSB- -RRB- is a state in the southwestern region of the United States . It is also part of the Western and the Mountain states . It is the sixth largest and the 14th most populous of the 50 states . Its capital and largest city is Phoenix . Arizona is one of the Four Corners states . It has borders with New Mexico , Utah , Nevada , California , and Mexico , and one point in common with the southwestern corner of Colorado . Arizona 's border with Mexico is 389 miles -LRB- 626 km -RRB- long , on the northern border of the Mexican states of Sonora and Baja California . Arizona is the 48th state and last of the contiguous states to be admitted to the Union , achieving statehood on February 14 , 1912 . Historically part of the territory of Alta California in New Spain , it became part of independent Mexico in 1821 . After being defeated in the Mexican -- American War , Mexico ceded much of this territory to the United States in 1848 . The southernmost portion of the state was acquired in 1853 through the Gadsden Purchase . Southern Arizona is known for its desert climate , with very hot summers and mild winters . Northern Arizona features forests of pine , Douglas fir , and spruce trees ; the Colorado Plateau ; some mountain ranges -LRB- such as the San Francisco Mountains -RRB- ; as well as large , deep canyons , with much more moderate summer temperatures and significant winter snowfalls . There are ski resorts in the areas of Flagstaff , Alpine , and Tucson . In addition to the Grand Canyon National Park , there are several national forests , national parks , and national monuments . About one-quarter of the state is made up of Indian reservations that serve as the home of 27 federally recognized Native American tribes , including the Navajo Nation , the largest in the state and the United States , with more than 300,000 citizens . Although federal law gave all Native Americans the right to vote in 1924 , Arizona excluded those living on reservations from voting until its state Supreme Court ruled in 1948 in favor of Native American plaintiffs . ", "Tempe -LRB- -LSB- tɛmˈpiː -RSB- ; Oidbaḍ in Pima -RRB- , also known as Hayden 's Ferry during the territorial times of Arizona , is a city in Maricopa County , Arizona , United States , with the Census Bureau reporting a 2010 population of 161,719 . The city is named after the Vale of Tempe in Greece . Tempe is located in the East Valley section of metropolitan Phoenix ; it is bordered by Phoenix and Guadalupe on the west , Scottsdale on the north , Chandler on the south , and Mesa on the east . Tempe is also the location of Arizona State University . ", "The Phoenix Suns are an American professional basketball team based in Phoenix , Arizona . The Suns compete in the National Basketball Association -LRB- NBA -RRB- as a member team of the league 's Western Conference Pacific Division , and are the only team in their division not to be based in California . Since 1992 , the Suns have played their home games at Talking Stick Resort Arena in downtown Phoenix . The Suns began play as an expansion team in 1968 . The franchise owns the NBA 's fourth-best all-time winning percentage , winning 55 percent of its games , as of the end of the 2014 -- 15 season . In 47 years of play , they have made the playoffs 29 times , posted 19 seasons of 50 or more wins , made nine trips to the Western Conference Finals , and advanced to the NBA Finals twice , in 1976 and 1993 . As a result , the Suns are the team with the highest all-time win-loss percentage to have never won an NBA championship . With the National Hockey League 's Phoenix Coyotes changing their geographic location name to Arizona on June 27 , 2014 -LRB- which was required as part of their new Gila River Arena lease agreement -RRB- , the Suns are the only men 's major professional sports franchise based in the state of Arizona that brands themselves exclusively to the city of Phoenix rather than the state as a whole . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Law_of_chastity", "Tithing_-LRB-Latter_Day_Saints-RRB-", "The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints", "Criticism_of_Mormon_sacred_texts", "The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints_in_Massachusetts" ]

[ "The law of chastity is a moral code defined by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints -LRB- LDS Church -RRB- . According to the church , chastity means that `` sexual relations are proper only between a man and a woman who are legally and lawfully wedded as husband and wife . '' Therefore , abstinence from sexual relations before marriage , and complete fidelity to one 's spouse during marriage , are required . As part of the law of chastity , the church teaches its members not only to abstain from adultery and fornication , but also to refrain from masturbation and to avoid sexually inappropriate thoughts . The law of chastity is taught to church members of all ages , and is especially emphasized to adolescents . ", "Tithing is a commandment accepted by various churches in the Latter Day Saint movement in which adherents make willing tithe donations , usually ten percent of their income , to their church . It is based on both the biblical practice of paying tithes and modern revelation given to Joseph Smith and his accepted successors . For many of these churches , the law of tithing replaced or supplemented the law of consecration . The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints -LRB- LDS Church -RRB- emphasized tithing in the 1900s and 1960s to assist in paying church debts . ", "The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints -LRB- the LDS Church or , informally , the Mormon Church -RRB- is a Christian restorationist church that is considered by its members to be the restoration of the original church founded by Jesus Christ . The church is headquartered in Salt Lake City , Utah , and has established congregations and built temples worldwide . According to the church , it has over 70,000 missionaries and a membership of over 15 million . It is ranked by the National Council of Churches as the fourth-largest Christian denomination in the United States . It is the largest denomination in the Latter Day Saint movement founded by Joseph Smith during the period of religious revival known as the Second Great Awakening . Adherents , often referred to as `` Latter-day Saints '' , or , less formally , `` Mormons '' , view faith in Jesus Christ and his atonement as fundamental principles of their religion . LDS theology includes the Christian doctrine of salvation only through Jesus Christ , though LDS doctrines regarding the nature of God and the potential of mankind differ significantly from mainstream Christianity . The church has an open canon which includes four scriptural texts : the Bible -LRB- both Old and New Testaments -RRB- , the Book of Mormon , the Doctrine and Covenants , and the Pearl of Great Price . Other than the Bible , the majority of the LDS canon constitutes revelation spoken by Joseph Smith and recorded by his scribes which includes commentary and exegesis about the Bible , texts described as lost parts of the Bible , and other works believed to be written by ancient prophets . Because of some of the doctrinal differences , some Catholic , Orthodox , and Protestant churches consider the LDS Church to be distinct and separate from mainstream Christianity . Under the doctrine of continuing revelation , Latter-day Saints believe that the church president is a modern-day `` prophet , seer , and revelator '' and that Jesus Christ , under the direction of God the Father , leads the church by revealing his will to its president . The current president is Thomas S. Monson . Individual members of the church believe that they can also receive personal revelation from God in conducting their lives . The president heads a hierarchical structure with various levels reaching down to local congregations . Bishops , drawn from the laity , lead local congregations . Male members , after reaching age 12 , may be ordained to the priesthood , provided they are living the standards of the church . Women do not hold positions within the priesthood , but do occupy leadership roles in some church auxiliary organizations . Both men and women may serve as missionaries , and the church maintains a large missionary program which proselytizes and conducts humanitarian services worldwide . Faithful members adhere to church laws of sexual purity , health , fasting , and Sabbath observance , and contribute ten percent of their income to the church in tithing . In addition , the church teaches sacred ordinances through which adherents make covenants with God , including baptism , confirmation , the sacrament -LRB- holy communion -RRB- , endowment , and celestial marriage -LRB- marriage blessings which extend beyond mortality -RRB- -- all of which are of great significance to church members . ", "The Latter Day Saints believe that the Book of Mormon is a sacred text with the same divine authority as the Bible . Some Latter Day Saints also recognize the Pearl of Great Price and Doctrine and Covenants as scripture . Religious and scholarly critics outside the Latter Day Saint movement have disputed this view , questioning the traditional narrative of how these books came to light , and the extent to which they describe actual events . They cite research in history , archeology , and other disciplines to support their contentions . ", "As of January 1 , 2011 , The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints reported 24,965 members in four stakes , 51 congregations -LRB- 38 wards and 13 branches -RRB- , one mission , and one temple in Massachusetts . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Annabelle_-LRB-doll-RRB-", "Karl_Limper_Geology_Museum", "Louisiana_Museum_of_Modern_Art", "Musée_Charles_et_Marguerithe_Bieth", "Madeleine_Grynsztejn" ]

[ "Annabelle is a Raggedy Ann doll alleged by demonologists Ed and Lorraine Warren to be haunted . The doll resides in a glass box at The Warrens ' Occult Museum in Monroe , Connecticut . The story served as the inspiration for the films Annabelle -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , and the upcoming , Annabelle : Creation -LRB- 2017 -RRB- . Annabelle has been compared to Robert the Doll and was described in Gerald Brittle 's 2002 biography of Ed and Lorraine Warren , The Demonologist . ", "The Karl Limper Geology Museum is located in Shideler Hall at Miami University in Oxford , Ohio . It is in room 008 , which is the lowest level of the building . The museum was established in 1968 and contains a collection of ore minerals , meteorites , and a 16 inch trilobite . Much of the basis of the collection was collected by William H. Shideler , founder of Miami 's geology program . The museum was funded by donations from alumni including James Wolff . ", "The Louisiana Museum of Modern Art is an art museum located on the shore of the Øresund Sound in Humlebæk , 35 km north of Copenhagen , Denmark . The most visited art museum in Denmark , it has an extensive permanent collection of modern and contemporary art , dating from World War II to the present day ; in addition , it has a comprehensive programme of special exhibitions . The museum is also acknowledged as a milestone in modern Danish architecture , and is noted for its synthesis of art , architecture , and landscape . The museum occasionally also stages exhibitions of work by the great impressionists and expressionists , e.g. Claude Monet was the focus of a major exhibition in 1994 . The museum is included in the Patricia Schultz book 1,000 Places to See Before You Die and ranks 85th on a list of the most visited art museums in the world -LRB- 2011 -RRB- . ", "The Musée Charles et Marguerithe Bieth is a museum located in Ivory Coast . It is located in Abengourou , Comoé District . ", "Madeleine Grynsztejn -LRB- born 1962 -RRB- is the Pritzker Director of the Museum of Contemporary Art , Chicago . Grynsztejn became director in 2008 . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 0, 2 ]

[ "Gaius_Julius_Caesar_-LRB-proconsul-RRB-", "Benjamin_Caesar", "Gaius_Julius_Cornutus_Tertullus_the_Younger", "Gaius_Julius_Victor", "Lucius_Appuleius" ]

[ "Gaius Julius Caesar -LRB- ca. 130 BC -- 85 BC -RRB- was a Roman senator , a supporter of his brother-in-law , Gaius Marius , and the father of Gaius Julius Caesar , the dictator . Caesar was married to Aurelia Cotta , a member of the Aurelii and Rutilii families . They had two daughters , known as Julia Major and Julia Minor , and a son , Gaius , who was born in 100 BC . He was the brother of Sextus Julius Caesar -LRB- consul in 91 BC -RRB- and the son of Gaius Julius Caesar . Caesar 's progress through the cursus honorum is well known , although the specific dates associated with his offices are controversial . According to two elogia erected in Rome long after his death , Caesar was a commissioner in the colony at Cercina , military tribune , quaestor , praetor , and proconsul of Asia . The dates of these offices are unclear . The colony is probably one of Marius ' of 103 BC . Broughton dated the praetorship to 92 BC , with the quaestorship falling towards the beginning of the 90s BC . Brennan has dated the praetorship to the beginning of the decade . Caesar died suddenly in 85 BC , in Rome , while putting on his shoes one morning . Another Caesar , possibly his father , had died similarly in Pisa . His father had seen to his education by one of the best orators of Rome , Marcus Antonius Gnipho . In his will , he left Caesar the bulk of his estate , but after Marius 's faction had been defeated in the civil war of the 80s BC , this inheritance was confiscated by the dictator Sulla . ", "Benjamin Julius Caesar -LRB- born 12 March 1797 at Peper Harrow , Surrey ; died 1867 at Guildford , Surrey -RRB- was an English professional cricketer who played first-class cricket from 1824 to 1830 . He was mainly associated with Godalming Cricket Club and Surrey and made 11 known appearances in first-class matches . He was the father of Julius Caesar . ", "Gaius Julius Cornutus Tertullus was a prominent Roman citizen , the son of Gaius Julius Cornutus Tertullus though the identity of his mother is unknown . He was born and raised in Perga , the capital of the Roman province of Pamphylia . Unfortunately very little is known on him . This Tertullus married a Roman woman from Perga called Plancia Magna , who was a prominent citizen and patron of Perga . Magna was the daughter of Roman Senator and Proconsul Marcus Plancius Varus and Herodian Princess Julia . Tertullus and Magna had a son and only child called Gaius Julius Plancius Varus Cornutus . ", "Gaius Julius Victor -LRB- 4th century -RRB- was a Roman writer of rhetoric , possibly of Gaulish origin . His extant manual is of some importance as facilitating the textual criticism of Quintilian , whom he closely follows in many places . ", "For others with this name , see Appuleia -LRB- gens -RRB- Lucius Appuleius -LRB- fl . 4th century BCE -RRB- was a man of ancient Rome who served as Tribune of the Plebs in 391 BCE . He impeached Marcus Furius Camillus for having secreted part of the spoils of war against the rival Etrurian city of Veii in 406 . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 0, 0 ]

[ "Deepika_Padukone", "Mallika_Kapoor", "Kaattumaina", "Panakkaran", "Vijayashanti" ]

[ "Deepika Padukone -LRB- -LSB- d̪iːpɪkaː pəɖʊkoːɳ -RSB- ; born 5 January 1986 -RRB- is an Indian film actress . One of the highest-paid actresses in the world , Padukone is the recipient of several awards , including three Filmfare Awards . She features in listings of the nation 's most popular and attractive personalities . Padukone , the daughter of the badminton player Prakash Padukone , was born in Copenhagen and raised in Bangalore . As a teenager , she played badminton in national level championships but left her career in the sport to become a fashion model . She soon received offers for film roles and made her acting debut in 2006 as the title character of the Kannada film Aishwarya . Padukone then played a dual role in her first Bollywood releasethe 2007 blockbuster Om Shanti Omand won a Filmfare Award for Best Female Debut . Padukone received praise for portraying the lead roles in the romance Love Aaj Kal -LRB- 2009 -RRB- and the drama Lafangey Parindey -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , but her performances in the romance Bachna Ae Haseeno -LRB- 2008 -RRB- and the comedy Housefull -LRB- 2010 -RRB- were met with negative reviews . The 2012 box office hit Cocktail marked a turning point in Padukone 's career , earning her praise and Best Actress nominations at several award ceremonies . She rose to prominence with starring roles in the romantic comedies Yeh Jawaani Hai Deewani -LRB- 2013 -RRB- and Chennai Express -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , the heist comedy Happy New Year -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , and the historical romance Bajirao Mastani -LRB- 2015 -RRB- , all of which rank among the highest-grossing Bollywood films . Padukone 's acclaimed portrayal of a character based on Juliet in the tragic romance Goliyon Ki Raasleela Ram-Leela -LRB- 2013 -RRB- and a headstrong architect in the comedy-drama Piku -LRB- 2015 -RRB- won her two Best Actress awards at Filmfare . Her first project in Hollywood came with the action film xXx : Return of Xander Cage -LRB- 2017 -RRB- . Alongside her acting career , Padukone participates in stage shows , has written columns for an Indian newspaper , is a prominent celebrity endorser for brands and products , and is vocal about issues such as feminism and depression . She has designed her own line of clothing for women and is the founder of The Live Love Laugh Foundation , which creates awareness on mental health in India . ", "Mallika Kapoor is an Indian film actress , working in the South Indian film industries mainly in Malayalam , Tamil and Kannada . She has also appeared in a few Telugu and Hindi films . ", "Kaattumaina is bilingual 1963 Indian Malayalam and Tamil film , directed by M. Krishnan Nair and produced by P Subramaniam . The film stars J. Sasikumar , K. V. Shanthi , Muttathara Soman and Muthukulam Raghavan Pillai in lead roles . The film had musical score by Br Lakshmanan . ", "Panakkaran is a 1990 Tamil language film starring Rajinikanth and Gouthami . This film ran for more than 200 days and was declared a hit film . It was dubbed in Telegu as Kondaveedi Puli and Hindi as Dhanwan No. 1 . This movie is a remake of Lawaaris -LRB- 1981 -RRB- starring Amitabh Bachchan . ", "Vijayashanti is an Indian film actress , producer and a politician . In a film career spanning thirty years , she has acted in over 186 feature films in a variety of roles in various Indian languages including Telugu , Tamil , Malayalam , Kannada and Hindi . She was tagged `` The Lady Superstar '' and `` Lady Amitabh '' of South Indian cinema . She has won the National Film Award for Best Actress for her work as a `` super cop '' in Karthavyam -LRB- 1991 -RRB- , and received seven Filmfare Awards South for best acting , including the Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award -LRB- South -RRB- in the year 2003 , and four state Nandi Awards for her performance . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Macklemore", "Macklemore_&_Ryan_Lewis", "This_Unruly_Mess_I've_Made", "Thrift_Shop", "Wesley_MacInnes" ]

[ "Benjamin Hammond Haggerty -LRB- born June 19 , 1983 -RRB- , known by his stage name Macklemore -LRB- -LSB- ˈmæk.ləmɔr -RSB- -RRB- and formerly Professor Mack Lemore , is an American hip hop recording artist from Kent , Washington . His stage name originated from his childhood ; it was the name of his made-up superhero . Since 2000 , he has independently released one mixtape , three EPs , and four albums . He has significantly collaborated with producer Ryan Lewis as Macklemore & Ryan Lewis . Macklemore and Ryan Lewis 's single `` Thrift Shop '' reached number one on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 in 2013 . The single was soon dubbed by Billboard as the first song since 1994 to top the Hot 100 chart without the support of a major record label , although Macklemore , in a slightly unusual recording contract , pays a nominal percentage of sales to use Warner Bros. . Records 's radio promotion department to push his singles . Their second single , `` Ca n't Hold Us '' , also peaked at number one of the Hot 100 Chart , making Macklemore and Lewis the first duo in the chart 's history to have their first two singles both reach the peak position . Macklemore and Lewis released their debut studio album The Heist on October 9 , 2012 , which charted at number 2 on the U.S. Billboard 200 . The pair won four Grammy Awards at the 2014 ceremony , including Best New Artist , Best Rap Album -LRB- The Heist -RRB- , Best Rap Song and Best Rap Performance -LRB- `` Thrift Shop '' -RRB- . Their second album , This Unruly Mess I 've Made , was released on February 26 , 2016 . ", "Macklemore & Ryan Lewis are an American hip hop duo , formed in 2008 , from Seattle , Washington . The duo is composed of Ben Haggerty , a singer who goes by the stage name of Macklemore , and Ryan Lewis , a record producer , DJ , and professional photographer , who met the former at a photo shoot and they have significantly collaborated ever since . In 2009 , they released their first collaborative effort , an EP titled VS. EP . They have since followed up with VS. Redux -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , the Grammy Award-winning album The Heist -LRB- 2012 -RRB- and This Unruly Mess I 've Made -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . Macklemore and Lewis ' single `` Thrift Shop '' reached number one on the US Billboard Hot 100 in 2013 . The single was soon dubbed the first song since 1994 to top the Hot 100 chart without the support of a major record label by Billboard , although Macklemore , in a slightly unusual recording contract , pays a nominal percentage of sales to use Warner Bros. . Records ' radio promotion department to push his singles . Their second single , `` Ca n't Hold Us '' , also peaked at number one of the Hot 100 Chart , making Macklemore and Lewis the first duo in the chart 's history to have their first two singles both reach the peak position . Macklemore and Lewis released their debut studio album , The Heist , on October 9 , 2012 , which charted at number 2 on the US Billboard 200 . The pair won four Grammy Awards at the 2014 ceremony , including Best New Artist , Best Rap Album -LRB- The Heist -RRB- , Best Rap Song and Best Rap Performance -LRB- `` Thrift Shop '' -RRB- . Their second album , This Unruly Mess I 've Made , was released on February 26 , 2016 . ", "This Unruly Mess I 've Made is the second studio album by American hip hop duo Macklemore & Ryan Lewis . It was released on February 26 , 2016 , by Macklemore LLC and Alternative Distribution Alliance . The album was supported by three singles : `` Downtown '' featuring Eric Nally , Melle Mel , Kool Moe Dee and Grandmaster Caz and `` Dance Off '' featuring Idris Elba and Anderson Paak , along with `` White Privilege II '' featuring Jamila Woods , which was released as the album 's promotional single . ", "`` Thrift Shop '' is a song by American hip hop duo Macklemore & Ryan Lewis . It was released on August 27 , 2012 as Macklemore 's eighth career single and the fourth single from their debut studio album , The Heist -LRB- 2012 -RRB- . It features vocals from Wanz . The song was composed to show Macklemore 's esteem for thrift shops and saving money , opposing the flaunting of expensive items many rappers display . Music reviewers praised the song for its humorous lyrics and social critique . It was released in the United Kingdom in January 2013 . Despite being released on Macklemore 's independent label with distribution by the Alternative Distribution Alliance -LRB- ADA -RRB- , a Warner Music Group Company , the single was a sleeper hit . It peaked at number one on the Billboard Hot 100 and has since sold over 7 million copies in the US alone . The song also reached number one in the United Kingdom , Ireland , Canada , France , Denmark , Netherlands , Australia and New Zealand . A music video was released to accompany the song 's release on August 29 , 2012 . The video has garnered more than 1.0 billion views on YouTube . In 2014 , the single won two Grammy Awards for Best Rap Performance and Best Rap Song . ", "Wesley MacInnes is a Canadian country musician under the stage name Wes Mack , an actor , and a director . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "Sonny_&_Cher", "Sonny_Bono", "Andrew_Gold", "That's_Life_-LRB-song-RRB-", "This_Is_Me_You're_Talking_To" ]

[ "Sonny & Cher were an American pop music duo , actors , singers and entertainers made up of husband-and-wife Sonny and Cher Bono in the 1960s and 1970s . The couple started their career in the mid-1960s as R&B backing singers for record producer Phil Spector . The pair first achieved fame with two hit songs in 1965 , `` Baby Do n't Go '' and `` I Got You Babe '' . Signing with Atco/Atlantic Records , they released three studio albums in the late 1960s , as well as the soundtrack recording for an unsuccessful movie , Good Times . In 1972 , after four years of silence , the couple returned to the studio and released two other albums under the MCA/Kapp Records label . In the 1970s , they also positioned themselves as media personalities with two top ten TV shows in the US , The Sonny & Cher Comedy Hour and The Sonny & Cher Show . The couple 's career as a duo ended in 1975 following their divorce . In the decade they spent together , Sonny and Cher sold over 40 million records worldwide . Performing under her first name , Cher went on to a highly successful career as a solo singer and actress , while Sonny Bono was eventually elected to Congress as a Republican U.S. Representative from California . The two performers were inducted to the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 1998 , following Sonny 's death in a skiing accident . ", "Salvatore Phillip `` Sonny '' Bono -LRB- -LSB- ˈboʊnoʊ -RSB- February 16 , 1935 -- January 5 , 1998 -RRB- was an American singer , producer , and politician who came to fame in partnership with his second wife Cher , as the popular singing duo Sonny & Cher . He was mayor of Palm Springs , California from 1988 to 1992 , and congressman for California 's 44th district from 1995 until his death in 1998 . The United States Federal Copyright Term Extension Act , which extended the term of copyright by 20 years , is now commonly known as the Sonny Bono Act . ", "Andrew Maurice Gold -LRB- August 2 , 1951 -- June 3 , 2011 -RRB- was an American singer , songwriter , musician and arranger . His works include the US Top 10 single `` Lonely Boy '' -LRB- 1977 -RRB- , as well as `` Thank You for Being a Friend '' -LRB- 1978 -RRB- and the UK Top Five hit `` Never Let Her Slip Away '' -LRB- 1978 -RRB- . He had further international chart success in the 1980s as the lead singer of Wax , a collaboration with English musician and songwriter Graham Gouldman . Gold was a multi-instrumentalist who played guitar , bass , keyboards , accordion , synthesizer , harmonica , saxophone , flute , drums and percussion , and more arcane musical instruments such as ukulele , musette , and harmonium . He was also a producer , sound engineer , film composer , session musician , actor , and painter . Gold played and recorded with artists such as Linda Ronstadt , Paul McCartney , Don Henley , James Taylor , Brian Wilson , Roy Orbison , Ringo Starr , Carly Simon , John Waite , Roxy Music , Jennifer Warnes , Stephen Bishop , America , Nicolette Larson , Maria Muldaur , Neil Diamond , Barbi Benton , Eric Carmen , Juice Newton , Leo Sayer , Freddie Mercury , Nitty Gritty Dirt Band , Karla Bonoff , Bette Midler , Diana Ross , Cher , Jesse McCartney and J. D. Souther . ", "`` That 's Life '' is a popular song written by Dean Kay and Kelly Gordon and first recorded by Marion Montgomery . The most famous version is by Frank Sinatra , released on his 1966 album of the same name . Sinatra recorded the song after hearing an earlier cover of it by O.C. Smith ; the song proved successful and reached the fourth spot on the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart . Following the success of Sinatra 's version , it was subsequently recorded by a number of artists including Aretha Franklin , James Booker , Shirley Bassey , James Brown , Van Morrison , David Lee Roth , Michael Bolton , Michael Bublé , Russell Watson , and Deana Martin . Sinatra 's version appeared in the 1993 film A Bronx Tale and the 2004 video game Tony Hawk 's Underground 2 , while a cover by Bono was on the soundtrack of the The Good Thief -LRB- 2002 -RRB- . ", "`` This Is Me You 're Talking To '' is a song written by Tommy Lee James and Karyn Rochelle , and recorded by American country music artist Trisha Yearwood . It was released in January 2008 as the second single from her tenth studio album Heaven , Heartache and the Power of Love . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 0, 0 ]

[ "American_Idol_-LRB-season_8-RRB-", "Simon_Cowell", "American_Idol", "America's_Got_Talent_-LRB-season_11-RRB-", "The_X_Factor_-LRB-UK_TV_series-RRB-" ]

[ "The eighth season of American Idol premiered on January 13 , 2009 , and concluded on May 20 , 2009 . Judges Simon Cowell , Paula Abdul , and Randy Jackson continued to judge the show 's contestants , along with Ryan Seacrest as host . The season introduced Kara DioGuardi as the fourth judge on the Idol panel . It was also Abdul 's final season as a judge . Kris Allen , a native of Conway , Arkansas , was announced the winner of the competition on May 20 , 2009 , defeating runner-up Adam Lambert after nearly 100 million votes . Kris Allen is the only married winner of the competition at the time of his victory . This was the second season where both of the final two contestants had been in the bottom three or two at least once before the finale , with the first being season three . The eighth season saw numerous changes to the format of the show . There were 36 semi-finalists instead of 24 , and thirteen finalists instead of twelve , nine contestants chosen by the public and four by the judges in a wild card round . Another addition was the `` save , '' which was used on the top seven results show to veto Matt Giraud 's elimination . Seven contestants from this season were signed to record deals . The signed artists are Kris Allen , who was then signed to 19 Entertainment/Jive Records . In addition to Allen , Adam Lambert , Danny Gokey , Allison Iraheta , Lil Rounds , Anoop Desai and Michael Sarver . ", "Simon Phillip Cowell -LRB- -LSB- ˈkaʊəl -RSB- -RRB- -LRB- born 7 October 1959 -RRB- is an English reality television judge and producer , entrepreneur , and philanthropist . He is most recognised as a judge on the British TV talent competition series Pop Idol , The X Factor , and Britain 's Got Talent , and the American TV talent competition shows American Idol , The X Factor , and America 's Got Talent . Cowell is the principal founder and chief executive of the British entertainment company Syco . As a judge , Cowell often makes blunt and controversial comments , including insults and wisecracks about contestants and their singing abilities . He combines activities in both the television and music industries . Cowell has produced and promoted singles and albums for various singers that he has taken under his wing . He is currently appearing on the eleventh Series of Britain 's Got Talent and , recently , the thirteenth series of UK 's The X Factor along with the eleventh series of America 's Got Talent . In 2004 and 2010 , Time named Cowell one of the 100 most influential people in the world . In 2008 The Daily Telegraph ranked him sixth in their list of the `` 100 most powerful people in British culture '' . ", "American Idol is an American singing competition television series created by Simon Fuller , produced by FremantleMedia North America and 19 Entertainment , and distributed by FremantleMedia North America . It began airing on Fox on June 11 , 2002 , and ended its first-run on April 7 , 2016 . In 2018 , the show will make its debut on ABC . It started off as an addition to the Idols format based on the British series Pop Idol , and became one of the most successful shows in the history of American television . The concept of the series involves discovering recording stars from unsigned singing talents , with the winner determined by the viewers in America through telephones , Internet , and SMS text voting . Winners chosen by viewers in its fifteen seasons were Kelly Clarkson , Ruben Studdard , Fantasia , Carrie Underwood , Taylor Hicks , Jordin Sparks , David Cook , Kris Allen , Lee DeWyze , Scotty McCreery , Phillip Phillips , Candice Glover , Caleb Johnson , Nick Fradiani , and Trent Harmon.American Idol employed a panel of judges who critiqued the contestants ' performances . The original judges were record producer and music manager Randy Jackson , pop singer and choreographer Paula Abdul and music executive and manager Simon Cowell . The judging panel for the final seasons consisted of country singer Keith Urban , singer and actress Jennifer Lopez , and jazz singer Harry Connick , Jr. . The first season was hosted by radio personality Ryan Seacrest and comedian Brian Dunkleman , with Seacrest as the sole master of ceremonies for the rest of the series . The success of American Idol has been described as `` unparalleled in broadcasting history '' . The series was also said by a rival TV executive to be `` the most impactful show in the history of television '' . It became a recognized springboard for launching the career of many artists as bona fide stars . According to Billboard magazine , in its first ten years , `` Idol has spawned 345 Billboard chart-toppers and a platoon of pop idols , including Kelly Clarkson , Carrie Underwood , Katharine McPhee , Chris Daughtry , Fantasia , Ruben Studdard , Jennifer Hudson , Clay Aiken , Adam Lambert and Jordin Sparks while remaining a TV ratings juggernaut . '' For an unprecedented eight consecutive years , from the 2003 -- 04 television season through the 2010 -- 11 season , either its performance or result show had been ranked number one in U.S. television ratings . The series concluded its original run on Fox after 15 seasons . American Idol will return for a sixteenth season -- its first on ABC -- in 2018 . The announcement was made official on Good Morning America '' on May 9 , 2017 . ", "Season eleven of the reality competition series America 's Got Talent was ordered on September 1 , 2015 . The season premiered on NBC on Tuesday , May 31 , 2016 . Nick Cannon returned for his eighth and final season as host . Howie Mandel returned for his seventh season as a judge , while Mel B and Heidi Klum returned for their fourth season . Simon Cowell replaced Howard Stern as the fourth judge . The live shows began on July 26 , at the Dolby Theatre in Los Angeles instead of Radio City Music Hall in New York from previous years . Due to the 2016 Summer Olympics broadcast schedule on NBC , the show took a hiatus from August 9 -- 17 . Dunkin' Donuts sponsored the show for a second season , and this season again featured the golden buzzer for each judge and Cannon . Four guest judges joined the panel for the judge 's cuts : George Lopez , Reba McEntire , Ne-Yo , and Louis Tomlinson . Each judge was given a golden buzzer . Grace VanderWaal was announced as the winner on September 14 , 2016 , making her the second female act and the second child act to win the show since season 1 . Mentalist duo , The Clairvoyants , placed second , marking the first time that females placed in the top two positions . Magician Jon Dorenbos , the NFL Long Snapper for the Philadelphia Eagles , placed third . Comedian Tape Face was named the most memorable act of this season . ", "The X Factor is a British reality television music competition to find new singing talent . The contestants are aspiring singers drawn from public auditions . Created by Simon Cowell , the show began in 2004 and has since aired annually from August/September until December . The show is produced by FremantleMedia 's Thames -LRB- previously Talkback Thames -RRB- and Cowell 's production company Syco TV . It is broadcast on the ITV network in the UK and simulcast on TV3 in Ireland . `` X Factor '' refers to the undefinable `` something '' that makes for star quality . The series consists of auditions , bootcamp , judges ' houses , several weeks of live shows , semi-finals and the final . The series had a spin-off behind-the-scenes show called The Xtra Factor , which aired directly after the main show on ITV2 . This lasted from series 1 until series 13 when it was cancelled by ITV in January 2017 . The original judging panel consisted of Louis Walsh , Sharon Osbourne and Cowell . In 2005 Paula Abdul joined the show as a guest judge whilst Osbourne was away then joined the panel in 2006 for three sets of auditions . Brian Friedman replaced Walsh in series 4 , which also saw Dannii Minogue join the panel . Friedman left during the auditions and Walsh replaced Friedman . Cheryl Cole replaced Osbourne in series 5 . Gary Barlow , Kelly Rowland and Tulisa joined the panel in series 8 as replacements for Cowell , Minogue , and Cole . Rowland left before series 9 and was replaced by Nicole Scherzinger . Osbourne returned to the panel in series 10 , replacing Tulisa . Cowell and Cole -LRB- now Fernandez-Versini -RRB- returned to replace Barlow and Osbourne in series 11 , while Mel B replaced Scherzinger . In series 12 , Mel B and Walsh were replaced by Rita Ora and Nick Grimshaw . In series 13 , Walsh , Osbourne and Scherzinger returned , replacing Grimshaw , Fernandez-Versini and Ora . The first three series were presented by Kate Thornton , then from the fourth to 11th series , the show was presented by Dermot O'Leary , he then returned from the 13th series . In series 12 , the show was presented by Caroline Flack and Olly Murs . Also , in series 10 , Flack served as a backstage presenter during the Saturday night live shows . Roman Kemp will begin serving as the digital presenter of the show in series 13 . The show is split into different stages , following the contestants from auditions through to the final . In the original televised audition stage of the show , contestants sang in an audition room in front of just the judges , but from the sixth series onwards , auditionees sing on a stage in front of the judges and a live audience . In series 10 and 11 , both auditions formats were used . In series 12 , the room auditions were scrapped , leaving just the arena auditions . The room auditions were revived in series 13 , and no arena auditions followed . Successful auditionees go through to `` bootcamp '' and then to `` judges ' houses '' , where judges narrow down the acts in their category down to three or four acts to mentor for the live shows , where the public vote for their favourite acts following weekly live performances by the contestants . There have been 13 winners of the show to date : Steve Brookstein , Shayne Ward , Leona Lewis , Leon Jackson , Alexandra Burke , Joe McElderry , Matt Cardle , Little Mix , James Arthur , Sam Bailey , Ben Haenow , Louisa Johnson and Matt Terry . Winners receive a recording contract with record label Syco Music with a stated value of # 1 million . This includes a cash payment to the winner , but the majority is allocated to marketing and recording costs . From 2004 to 2010 , and again in 2013 and 2014 , the winning contestant 's single was released in time for the end-of-year chart battle for the UK 's Christmas number one , with all of them -LRB- bar McElderry in 2009 and Terry in 2016 -RRB- reaching the top spot . As of November 2016 , 41 number-one singles have been achieved by artists who have appeared on the show , such as Lewis , Burke , JLS , Olly Murs , Cher Lloyd , One Direction and Little Mix . The show is the originator of the international The X Factor franchise . A prominent show in British popular culture , The X Factor has proved hugely popular with the public . The sixth series attracted 200,000 auditionees and peaked at 19.7 million UK viewers -LRB- a 63.2 % audience share -RRB- . More than 10 million votes were cast in the sixth series final . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Milk_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Spiritual_Milk_for_Boston_Babes", "Boston_Strong", "Boston_mayoral_election,_1979", "Clarence_Wilkinson" ]

[ "Milk is a 2008 American biographical film based on the life of gay rights activist and politician Harvey Milk , who was the first openly gay person to be elected to public office in California , as a member of the San Francisco Board of Supervisors . Directed by Gus Van Sant and written by Dustin Lance Black , the film stars Sean Penn as Milk and Josh Brolin as Dan White , a city supervisor who assassinated Milk and Mayor George Moscone . The film was released to much acclaim and earned numerous accolades from film critics and guilds . Ultimately , it received eight Academy Award nominations , including Best Picture , winning two for Best Actor in a Leading Role for Penn and Best Original Screenplay for Black . Attempts to put Milk 's life to film followed a 1984 documentary of his life and the aftermath of his assassination , titled The Times of Harvey Milk , which was loosely based upon Randy Shilts 's biography , The Mayor of Castro Street -LRB- the film won the Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature for 1984 , and was awarded Special Jury Prize at the first Sundance Film Festival , among other awards -RRB- . Various scripts were considered in the early 1990s , but projects fell through for different reasons , until 2007 . Much of Milk was filmed on Castro Street and other locations in San Francisco , including Milk 's former storefront , Castro Camera . Milk begins on Harvey Milk 's 40th birthday -LRB- in 1970 -RRB- , when he was living in New York City and had not yet settled in San Francisco . It chronicles his foray into city politics , and the various battles he waged in the Castro neighborhood as well as throughout the city , and political campaigns to limit the rights of gay people in 1977 and 1978 run by Anita Bryant and John Briggs . His romantic and political relationships are also addressed , as is his tenuous affiliation with troubled Supervisor Dan White ; the film ends with White 's double homicide of Milk and Mayor George Moscone . The film 's release was tied to the 2008 California voter referendum on gay marriage , Proposition 8 , when it made its premiere at the Castro Theatre two weeks before election day . ", "Spiritual Milk for Boston Babes is a children 's catechism by the minister John Cotton . The 1656 catechism is the first known children 's book published in America . ", "`` Boston Strong '' is a slogan that was created as part of the reaction to the Boston Marathon bombing in April 2013 . It is a variation on the term Livestrong , which was created in 2004 . It has been placed on various kinds of merchandise after the phrase became popular , as well as gained criticism from various entities . The use of the term in Boston has led to similar phrases entering public discourse , such as America Strong . ", "The Boston mayoral election of 1979 occurred on Tuesday , November 6 , 1979 between Mayor Kevin White and state senator Joseph F. Timilty . This was the second election in a row between White and Timilty . White once again defeated Timilty and was elected to a fourth term . The nonpartisan municipal preliminary election was held on September 25 , 1979 . ", "Clarence Sayward Wilkinson -LRB- born September 26 , 1910 in Gloucester , Massachusetts , died July 12 , 1996 in Bremen , Maine -RRB- was an American politician who served as Mayor of Beverly , Massachusetts from 1951 -- 1957 , State Representative from 1957 to 1961 , Town Manager of Saugus from 1968 to 1970 , and Town Manager of Boothbay Harbor , Maine from 1970 to 1975 . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Celebrity_Rehab_with_Dr._Drew", "Celebrity_doctor", "Twister...Ride_it_Out", "Jeff,_Who_Lives_at_Home", "Jokerman-COLON-_Tommy_Tiernan_in_America" ]

[ "Celebrity Rehab with Dr. Drew , later called simply Rehab with Dr. Drew , is a reality television show that aired on the cable network VH1 in which many of the episodes chronicle a group of well-known people as they are treated for alcohol and drug addiction by Dr. Drew Pinsky and his staff at the Pasadena Recovery Center in Pasadena , California . The first five seasons of the series , on which Pinsky also serves as executive producer , cast celebrities struggling with addiction , with the first season premiering on January 10 , 2008 , and the fifth airing in 2011 . The sixth season , which filmed in early 2012 , featured non-celebrities as treatment subjects , and the series name shortened to Rehab with Dr. Drew . Season 6 premiered on September 16 , 2012 . In May 2013 , Pinsky announced that season six was the final season , explaining that he was tired of the criticism leveled at him after celebrities he treated had relapsed into addiction and died . ", "Celebrity doctors , as used in this article , are medical professionals who have extensive media exposure . Some may have a secondary role as an entertainer . Examples of celebrity doctors include Dr. Oz , Dr. Drew and Dr. Phil . ", "Twister ... Ride It Out was a special effects attraction located at Universal Studios Florida , based on the 1996 film Twister . It was announced in 1997 and replaced the Ghostbusters Spooktacular attraction in the New York area of the park . The attraction was hosted by actors Bill Paxton and Helen Hunt , who starred in the original film . The attraction closed on November 2 , 2015 and replaced with Race Through New York Starring Jimmy Fallon , which opened on April 6 , 2017 . ", "Jeff , Who Lives at Home is an American comedy-drama film starring Jason Segel and Ed Helms , written and directed by Jay and Mark Duplass and co-starring Judy Greer and Susan Sarandon . The film premiered on September 14 , 2011 at the 2011 Toronto International Film Festival and then saw a limited release in USA and Canada on March 16 , 2012 , after having been pushed back from the original date of March 2 . The film received positive reviews from critics . ", "Jokerman : Tommy Tiernan in America is the fourth DVD release from Tommy Tiernan and was filmed over a 2-year period . It follows Tommy 's attempt to be successful in America . It was filmed in comedy clubs in New York City , Washington , D.C. , and other places from Omaha to Sacramento . Material for the gigs was obtained from the various experiences he encountered , both good and bad , and the different people and cultures that he came across over the two-year period . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Jefferson_Davis", "John_Rex_Farm", "William_C._Davis_-LRB-American_politician-RRB-", "Tyrone_Davis_-LRB-American_football-RRB-", "Norman_Jefferson" ]

[ "Jefferson Finis Davis -LRB- June 3 , 1808 -- December 6 , 1889 -RRB- was an American politician who was a Democratic U.S. Representative and Senator from Mississippi , the 23rd U.S. Secretary of War , and the President of the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War . He took personal charge of the Confederate war plans but was unable to find a strategy to defeat the more populous and industrialized Union . His diplomatic efforts failed to gain recognition from any foreign country , and at home , the collapsing Confederate economy forced his government to print more and more paper money to cover the war 's expenses , leading to runaway inflation and devaluation of the Confederate dollar . Davis was born in Kentucky to a moderately prosperous farmer , and grew up on his older brother Joseph 's large cotton plantations in Mississippi and Louisiana . Joseph Davis also secured his appointment to the U.S. Military Academy at West Point . After graduating , Jefferson Davis served six years as a lieutenant in the U.S. Army . He fought in the Mexican -- American War -LRB- 1846 -- 1848 -RRB- , as the colonel of a volunteer regiment . He served as the U.S. Secretary of War from 1853 to 1857 under President Franklin Pierce , and as a Democratic U.S. senator from Mississippi . Before the war , he operated a large cotton plantation in Mississippi but never owned more than 74 slaves . After the war had ended , he remained a proud apologist for the cause of slavery for which he and the Confederacy had fought . Although Davis argued against secession in 1858 , he believed that each state was sovereign and had an unquestionable right to secede from the Union . Davis 's first wife , Sarah Knox Taylor , died of malaria after three months of marriage , and he also struggled with recurring bouts of the disease . He was unhealthy for much of his life . At the age of 36 , Davis married again , to 18-year-old Varina Howell , a native of Natchez who had been educated in Philadelphia and had some family ties in the North . They had six children . Only two survived him , and only one married and had children . Many historians attribute the Confederacy 's weaknesses to the poor leadership of President Davis . His preoccupation with detail , reluctance to delegate responsibility , lack of popular appeal , feuds with powerful state governors and generals , favoritism toward old friends , inability to get along with people who disagreed with him , neglect of civil matters in favor of military ones , and resistance to public opinion all worked against him . Historians agree he was a much less effective war leader than his Union counterpart Abraham Lincoln . After Davis was captured in 1865 , he was accused of treason and imprisoned at Fort Monroe . He was never tried and was released after two years . While not disgraced , Davis had been displaced in ex-Confederate affection after the war by his leading general , Robert E. Lee . Davis wrote a memoir entitled The Rise and Fall of the Confederate Government , which he completed in 1881 . By the late 1880s , he began to encourage reconciliation , telling Southerners to be loyal to the Union . Ex-Confederates came to appreciate his role in the war , seeing him as a Southern patriot , and he became a hero of the Lost Cause in the post-Reconstruction South . ", "John Rex Farm , also known as Goodwin/Strickler Farm , is a historic home and farm located at Jefferson Township in Greene County , Pennsylvania . The main house was built about 1874 , and is a 1 1/2 - story , frame dwelling with a steeply pitched gable roof in the Gothic Revival style . The house was renovated in 1990 , at which time a full basement was added . Also on the property are the contributing summer kitchen -LRB- c. 1865 -RRB- , barn -LRB- c. 1870 -RRB- , carriage house -LRB- c. 1870 -RRB- , smokehouse -LRB- c. 1870 -RRB- , and a wrought iron fence -LRB- c. 1910 -RRB- . It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998 . ", "William Columbus Davis -LRB- August 5 , 1867 -- October 4 , 1934 -RRB- was the 11th Lieutenant Governor of Alabama from 1927 to 1931 . A Democrat , Davis served Governor Bibb Graves of the same political party . A native of Iuka , Mississippi , Davis relocated to Hamilton , Alabama in 1890 in order to practice law after years of teaching public school in Mississippi . Two years after moving his law practice to Jasper , Alabama , Davis was elected to the Alabama House of Representatives in 1891 . In addition to his time in the House , Davis served as a Solicitor of the 14th Judicial Circuit , a Chairman of the Congressional Committee , and a member of the Alabama State Committee . ", "Tyrone Davis -LRB- born June 30 , 1972 -RRB- is a former professional American football tight end who played in the National Football League . He played eight seasons for the New York Jets -LRB- 1995 -- 1996 -RRB- and the Green Bay Packers -LRB- 1997 -- 2002 -RRB- . In college , he played wide receiver for the University of Virginia and set a school record for touchdown receptions with 28 . He broke the record set by Herman Moore , whom Davis replaced as a starting wide receiver in 1991 . ", "Norman Jefferson Jr. -LRB- born August 7 , 1964 -RRB- is a former cornerback in the National Football League -LRB- NFL -RRB- . He was selected in the 1987 NFL draft by the Green Bay Packers . He was the last player taken , making him Mr. Irrelevant . He played two seasons with the Packers . Jefferson played college football at Louisiana State University for the LSU Tigers . He was born in Marrero , Louisiana and attended John Ehret High School . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Brick_Mansions", "Brick_Livin'", "The_Beverly_Hillbillies", "The_Loud_House", "House_Rules_-LRB-season_4-RRB-" ]

[ "Brick Mansions is a 2014 English-language French-Canadian crime-thriller film starring Paul Walker , David Belle and RZA . The film was directed by Camille Delamarre and written by Luc Besson , Robert Mark Kamen and Bibi Naceri . It is a remake of the 2004 French film District 13 , in which Belle had also starred . Brick Mansions was released on April 25 , 2014 , five months after Paul Walker 's death on November 30 , 2013 and has a dedication to him at the start of the credits . This is Walker 's last completed film before his death , but not his last film appearance . ", "Brick Livin ' is the debut album released by rapper , Mr. Marcelo . It was released on July 25 , 2000 through No Limit Records and was produced by Carlos Stephens , Donald XL Robertson , Suga Bear and Ke'Noe . Though it was met with positive reviews , Brick Livin ' failed to advance high in the charts , only making it to # 172 on the Billboard 200 , # 43 on the Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums and # 9 on the Top Heatseekers . It was his only album on No Limit Records . ", "The Beverly Hillbillies is an American sitcom originally broadcast on CBS for nine seasons , from September 26 , 1962 , to March 23 , 1971 . The show had an ensemble cast featuring Buddy Ebsen , Irene Ryan , Donna Douglas , and Max Baer Jr. as a poor backwoods family who move to Beverly Hills , California , after striking oil on their land . The show was produced by Filmways and was created by writer Paul Henning . It was followed by two other Henning-inspired country-cousin series on CBS : Petticoat Junction , and its spin-off Green Acres , which reversed the rags-to-riches , country-to-city model of The Beverly Hillbillies . The Beverly Hillbillies ranked among the top 20 most-watched programs on television for eight of its nine seasons , twice ranking as the number one series of the year , with a number of episodes that remain among the most-watched television episodes in history . It accumulated seven Emmy nominations during its run . The series remains in syndication on MeTV , and its ongoing popularity spawned a 1993 film remake by 20th Century Fox . ", "The Loud House is an American animated television series created by animator and comic illustrator Chris Savino for Nickelodeon . The series revolves around the chaotic everyday life of a boy named Lincoln Loud , who is the middle child and only son in a large family of eleven children . It is set in a fictional town in Michigan called Royal Woods . The series was pitched to the network in 2013 as a two-minute short film entered in the annual Animated Shorts Program . It was greenlighted for production the following year . Episodes are produced at Nickelodeon Animation Studio in Burbank , California and animated by the Canadian studio Jam Filled Toronto . The series is based on Savino 's own childhood growing up in a large family , and its animation is largely influenced by newspaper comic strips . Nickelodeon first released two preview episodes of The Loud House to its website in April 2016 . The show officially premiered on May 2 , 2016 . Two seasons have since been broadcast , and a third is currently in development . Paramount Pictures and Nickelodeon Movies announced in March 2017 that the program will be adapted into a theatrical feature film , with a planned release date of February 7 , 2020 . The Loud House has gained high ratings since its debut , becoming the number-one children 's animated series on American television within its first month on the air . The show received widespread attention and a nomination at the 28th GLAAD Media Awards for its introduction of Howard and Harold McBride , two supporting characters who are a same-sex couple . In May 2017 , the show 's main characters were featured on the front cover of Variety as an example of cultural and ethnic diversity impacting television programs . ", "The fourth season of Australian reality television series House Rules , also known as Crowded House Rules , began airing on 27 April 2016 . The series is produced by the team who created the Seven reality show My Kitchen Rules and is hosted by Johanna Griggs . Season 4 of the program was officially announced in 2014 and was originally due to air in late 2015 , however the Seven Network delayed the season until 2016 due to an overload of renovation shows that had aired in 2015 as well as lower than expected ratings for the third season . This season of House Rules will consist of new teams renovating each other 's homes and further challenges for the ultimate prize of a full mortgage payment . " ]

[ 1, 0, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "The_Beverly_Hillbillies", "Beverly,_Chicago", "Beverly_Park,_Los_Angeles", "Stars_-LRB-restaurant-RRB-", "List_of_museums_and_cultural_institutions_in_New_York_City" ]

[ "The Beverly Hillbillies is an American sitcom originally broadcast on CBS for nine seasons , from September 26 , 1962 , to March 23 , 1971 . The show had an ensemble cast featuring Buddy Ebsen , Irene Ryan , Donna Douglas , and Max Baer Jr. as a poor backwoods family who move to Beverly Hills , California , after striking oil on their land . The show was produced by Filmways and was created by writer Paul Henning . It was followed by two other Henning-inspired country-cousin series on CBS : Petticoat Junction , and its spin-off Green Acres , which reversed the rags-to-riches , country-to-city model of The Beverly Hillbillies . The Beverly Hillbillies ranked among the top 20 most-watched programs on television for eight of its nine seasons , twice ranking as the number one series of the year , with a number of episodes that remain among the most-watched television episodes in history . It accumulated seven Emmy nominations during its run . The series remains in syndication on MeTV , and its ongoing popularity spawned a 1993 film remake by 20th Century Fox . ", "Beverly is one of the 77 community areas of Chicago , Illinois . It is located on the South Side on the southwestern edge of the city . The borders are -LRB- roughly -RRB- 87th Street on the north ; Beverly Avenue , Hale Avenue and Vincennes Road on the east ; 107th Street on the south ; and Francisco Avenue and Western Avenue on the west . A segment of the eastern part of the Ridge Country Club lies with the boundaries of the community . Sparsely settled in the middle of the 19th century , Beverly began to be developed by business interests from Chicago in the latter part of the nineteenth century , encouraged largely by the completion in 1889 of the suburban line of the Rock Island Railroad that runs parallel with the eastern edge of the Blue Island ridge -LRB- see the Ulrich & Son ad that appears elsewhere in this article -RRB- . The natural beauty of its position on the ridge allowed the community to become an exclusive streetcar suburb , and the homes and large lots reflect this historic distinction . Beverly is located on the highest elevation in Chicago , and is one of the most racially and ethnically diverse neighborhoods in the city . ", "Beverly Park , divided into North Beverly Park and South Beverly Park , is a gated community in Los Angeles , California . This wealthy neighborhood is primarily known for its concentration of large houses and for its famous residents . The communities carry a Beverly Hills Post Office address -LRB- 90210 ZIP Code -RRB- , but are located within the city of Los Angeles . The neighborhood is located between Mulholland Drive and Sunset Boulevard and Coldwater Canyon Drive and Beverly Glen Boulevard , east of the Beverly Glen neighborhood . North Beverly Park , with a main entrance at 13100 Mulholland Drive , is the larger 64-home section . South Beverly Park consists of 16 homes . ", "Stars was a landmark restaurant in San Francisco , California , from 1984 through 1999 . Along with Spago , Michael 's , and Chez Panisse , it is considered one of the birthplaces of California cuisine , New American cuisine , and the institution of the celebrity chef . ", "New York City is home to hundreds of cultural institutions and historic sites , many of which are internationally known . This list contains the most famous or well-regarded organizations , based on their mission . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Google_Search", "Select_Sport", "Association_football", "ESEA_League", "The_Sports_Network_-LRB-wire_service-RRB-" ]

[ "Google Search , commonly referred to as Google Web Search or simply Google , is a web search engine developed by Google . It is the most-used search engine on the World Wide Web , handling more than three billion searches each day . , it is the most used search engine in the US with 64.0 % market share . The order of search on Google 's search-results pages is based , in part , on a priority rank called a `` PageRank '' . Google Search provides many different options for customized search , using Boolean operators such as exclusion -LRB- '' - xx '' -RRB- , alternatives -LRB- `` xx OR yy OR zz '' -RRB- , and wildcards -LRB- `` Winston * Churchill '' returns `` Winston Churchill '' , `` Winston Spencer Churchill '' , etc. -RRB- . The same and other options can be specified in a different way on an Advanced Search page . The main purpose of Google Search is to hunt for text in publicly accessible documents offered by web servers , as opposed to other data , such as images or data contained in databases . It was originally developed by Larry Page and Sergey Brin in 1997 . Google Search provides several features beyond searching for words . These include synonyms , weather forecasts , time zones , stock quotes , maps , earthquake data , movie showtimes , airports , home listings , and sports scores . There are special features for numbers , dates , and some specific forms , including ranges , prices , temperatures , money and measurement unit conversions , calculations , package tracking , patents , area codes , and language translation . In June 2011 Google introduced `` Google Voice Search '' to search for spoken , rather than typed , words . In May 2012 Google introduced a Knowledge Graph semantic search feature in the U.S. Analysis of the frequency of search terms may indicate economic , social and health trends . Data about the frequency of use of search terms on Google can be openly inquired via Google Trends and have been shown to correlate with flu outbreaks and unemployment levels , and provide the information faster than traditional reporting methods and surveys . As of mid-2016 , Google 's search engine has begun to rely on these deep neural networks . In October 2016 , Gary Illyes , a webmaster trends analyst with Google , announced that the search engine will be making a new , primary web index dedicated for mobile , with a secondary , less up-to-date index for desktop use . The change is a response from the continued growth in mobile , and a push for web developers to adopt a mobile-friendly version of their websites . Illyes stated the change will happen in `` months '' . Competitors of Google include Baidu and Soso.com in China ; Naver.com and Daum.net in South Korea ; Yandex in Russia ; Seznam.cz in the Czech Republic ; Yahoo in Japan , Taiwan and the US , as well as Bing and DuckDuckGo . Some smaller search engines offer facilities not available with Google , e.g. not storing any private or tracking information ; one such search engine is Ixquick . ", "Select Sport A.S. is a Danish sports equipment manufacturer based in Glostrup , Denmark . As of 2008 , Select provides the Danish Football Association with footballs , and also several clubs in the Danish , Belgian and Russian top football leagues use Select balls . Select balls are used in the Olympic handball games , as well as in the World Championship and in the Danish , Swedish and Spanish men 's handball leagues , among others . The company 's U.S. subsidiary , Select Sport America , has contracts to supply soccer balls for the NAIA , several NCAA Division II and Division III conferences , and state high school federations in Kentucky and Wisconsin . ", "Association football , more commonly known as football or soccer , is a team sport played between two teams of eleven players with a spherical ball . It is played by 250 million players in over 200 countries and dependencies making it the world 's most popular sport . The game is played on a rectangular field with a goal at each end . The object of the game is to score by getting the ball into the opposing goal . Players are not allowed to touch the ball with their hands or arms while it is in play , unless they are goalkeepers -LRB- and then only when within their penalty area -RRB- . Other players mainly use their feet to strike or pass the ball , but may also use their head or torso . The team that scores the most goals by the end of the match wins . If the score is level at the end of the game , either a draw is declared or the game goes into extra time or a penalty shootout depending on the format of the competition . The Laws of the Game were originally codified in England by The Football Association in 1863 . Association football is governed internationally by the International Federation of Association Football -LRB- FIFA ; Fédération Internationale de Football Association -RRB- , which organises World Cups for both men and women every four years . ", "E-Sports Entertainment Association League -LRB- ESEA -RRB- is an esports competitive video gaming community founded by E-Sports Entertainment Association -LRB- ESEA -RRB- . It is widely known for their anti-cheat software . ESEA features a system that allows players of all levels to play matches with others . ", "Based in Hatboro , Pennsylvania , The Sports Network was a wire service providing sports information in real time . The Sports Network was especially noted for its coverage of the NCAA 's Football Championship Subdivision in college football ; it presented that group 's major end-of-season awards -- the Walter Payton Award for the top offensive player , the Buck Buchanan Award for the top defensive player , the Jerry Rice Award for the top freshman and the Eddie Robinson Award for the top coach . It served a list of clients that included Viacom , Yahoo , and the Canadian television channel The Sports Network , and was a partner with United Press International . " ]

[ 2, 0, 2, 0, 0 ]

[ "John_Frusciante", "Zucchero_Fornaciari_discography", "Then_Again_-LRB-John_Farnham_album-RRB-", "Frente_a_Frente,_Vol._2", "Urban_Rapsody" ]

[ "John Anthony Frusciante -LRB- -LSB- fruːˈʃɑːnteɪ -RSB- born March 5 , 1970 -RRB- is an American guitarist , singer , producer and composer . He is best known as the former guitarist of the rock band Red Hot Chili Peppers , from 1988 until 1992 , and again from 1998 until 2009 . He recorded five studio albums with them . Frusciante has an active solo career , having released eleven solo albums and five EPs ; his recordings include elements ranging from experimental rock and ambient music to new wave and electronica . In 2015 , Frusciante released his debut acid house album under his alias , Trickfinger . He has also recorded with numerous other artists , including The Mars Volta , for whom he was a studio guitarist -LRB- and occasional live performer -RRB- from 2002 until 2008 ; Josh Klinghoffer and Joe Lally , with whom he released two albums as Ataxia ; and various collaborations with both Klinghoffer and Omar Rodríguez-López . He has also produced and/or recorded with Duran Duran , Wu-Tang Clan , The Mars Volta and Omar Rodriguez Lopez , Swahili Blonde , Black Knights , The Bicycle Thief , Glenn Hughes , Ziggy Marley , Johnny Cash , George Clinton , Johnny Marr and others . At the age of eighteen , he joined the Red Hot Chili Peppers , first appearing on the band 's 1989 album , Mother 's Milk . The group 's follow-up album , Blood Sugar Sex Magik -LRB- 1991 -RRB- , was a breakthrough success . Frusciante became overwhelmed by the band 's new popularity and quit in 1992 . He became a recluse and entered a long period of drug addiction , during which he released his first solo recordings : Niandra Lades and Usually Just a T-Shirt -LRB- 1994 -RRB- and Smile from the Streets You Hold -LRB- 1997 -RRB- . In 1998 , he successfully completed drug rehabilitation and rejoined the Red Hot Chili Peppers . Their next album , Californication -LRB- 1999 -RRB- would eventually go on to sell 16 million copies . His album To Record Only Water for Ten Days was released in 2001 . A fourth album with the Chili Peppers , By the Way was released in 2002 . On a creative spree , Frusciante released six solo albums in 2004 ; each album explored different recording techniques and genres . 2006 saw the release of his fifth and final album with the Chili Peppers , Stadium Arcadium . In 2009 , Frusciante released The Empyrean , which features Flea and Josh Klinghoffer , and announced he had again parted ways with the Chili Peppers . Frusciante has received critical recognition for his guitar playing , ranking at number 18 on Rolling Stones list of `` The 100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time '' in 2003 ; and again in a second list published in 2011 , where he ranked at number 72 . He was ranked as number 42 in Gibson 's list of the `` 50 Best Guitarists of All Time '' . He was voted `` The Best Guitarist of the Last 30 Years '' in a 2010 BBC poll called `` The Axe Factor '' . Frusciante was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of the Red Hot Chili Peppers on April 14 , 2012 although he did not attend the ceremony . ", "The discography of Zucchero , an Italian rock blues singer-songwriter , consists of twelve studio albums , one soundtrack album , seven compilation albums , two live albums and more than sixty singles . In 1993 , Zucchero has also released a studio album with the band Adelmo e i suoi Sorapis , also including Equipe 84 's Maurizio Vandelli and Pooh 's Dodi Battaglia . Zucchero 's first two studio albums did n't reach commercial success and failed to chart in Italy , while 1986 's Rispetto entered the Top 10 in his homecountry , where it sold more than 300,000 copies . Its follow-up , titled Blue 's , became the best-selling album in Italy of 1987 , while 1989 's Oro Incenso & Birra was certified eight-times platinum in Italy . For the latter as of 2015 are reported sales of over 8 million copies worldwide . In 1991 , Zucchero released his self-titled compilation , featuring the English-language version of some of his biggest hits , including the single `` Senza una donna -LRB- Without a Woman -RRB- '' , a duet with Paul Young which charted in the Top 5 in the United Kingdom and United States and topped the European Hot 100 . The album Spirito DiVino , released in 1995 , has sold more than 2,500,000 copies worldwide and was certified Platinum by the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry for European sales exceeding 1,000,000 units . The following studio albums were also million selling . As of 2012 , Zucchero has released 8 Italian number-one studio albums , including his last effort Chocabeck , and 4 Italian number-one compilation albums , including 1998 's The Best of Zucchero Sugar Fornaciari 's Greatest Hits , which was certified triple platinum in Europe , and 2004 's Zu & Co. , which was also certified platinum in Europe . Zucchero has sold over 50 million records around the world . ", "Then Again ... is a studio album by Australian singer John Farnham . The album was released in Australia on 18 October 1993 , and reached # 1 on the ARIA charts . It is notable along with its predecessor , Chain Reaction , for the fact that Farnham himself co-wrote most of the songs on the album , in this case nine of the fourteen tracks . The album won ` Highest Selling Album ' at the ARIA Awards in 1994 , and was promoted in a nationwide tour titled `` Talk Of The Town '' , which began in early 1994 . American artist Richard Marx , wrote four songs on the album and was a special guest on the album , playing piano on `` The Reason Why '' ", "Frente a Frente Vol . II is a compilation album released by Juan Gabriel and Rocío Dúrcal in 1987 . Rocío joins Juan Gabriel in a duet for the second time . The same configuration as Vol . I all Juan Gabriel songs previously available from the 1982 album : Cosas de Enamorados and the 1983 album : Todo ", "Urban Rapsody is the final album by American funk singer Rick James before his death . It was released through Mercury Records and Private-I Records in 1997 . The album combines rap and funk . Urban Rapsody received both a Parental Advisory sticker , James ' only album with it , and mixed reviews . It was his first release since 1988 's Wonderful , due to substance abuse problems and periods incarcerated in prison . " ]

[ 2, 1, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Physics", "Astronomy", "Concise_Encyclopedia_of_Supersymmetry_and_Noncommutative_Structures_in_Mathematics_and_Physics", "Quantum_thermodynamics", "Hempel's_dilemma" ]

[ "Physics -LRB- from -LSB- φυσική , phusikḗ -LRB- epistḗmē -RRB- , knowledge of nature -RSB- , from φύσις phúsis `` nature '' -RRB- is the natural science that involves the study of matter and its motion and behavior through space and time , along with related concepts such as energy and force . One of the most fundamental scientific disciplines , the main goal of physics is to understand how the universe behaves . Physics is one of the oldest academic disciplines , perhaps the oldest through its inclusion of astronomy . Over the last two millennia , physics was a part of natural philosophy along with chemistry , biology , and certain branches of mathematics , but during the scientific revolution in the 17th century , the natural sciences emerged as unique research programs in their own right . Physics intersects with many interdisciplinary areas of research , such as biophysics and quantum chemistry , and the boundaries of physics are not rigidly defined . New ideas in physics often explain the fundamental mechanisms of other sciences while opening new avenues of research in areas such as mathematics and philosophy . Physics also makes significant contributions through advances in new technologies that arise from theoretical breakthroughs . For example , advances in the understanding of electromagnetism or nuclear physics led directly to the development of new products that have dramatically transformed modern-day society , such as television , computers , domestic appliances , and nuclear weapons ; advances in thermodynamics led to the development of industrialization , and advances in mechanics inspired the development of calculus . The United Nations named 2005 the World Year of Physics . ", "Astronomy -LRB- from Greek : αστρονομία -RRB- is a natural science that studies celestial objects and phenomena . It applies mathematics , physics , and chemistry , in an effort to explain the origin of those objects and phenomena and their evolution . Objects of interest include planets , moons , stars , galaxies , and comets ; while the phenomena include supernova explosions , gamma ray bursts , and cosmic microwave background radiation . More generally , all astronomical phenomena that originate outside Earth 's atmosphere are within the purview of astronomy . A related but distinct subject , physical cosmology , is concerned with the study of the Universe as a whole . Astronomy is the oldest of the natural sciences . The early civilizations in recorded history , such as the Babylonians , Greeks , Indians , Egyptians , Nubians , Iranians , Chinese , and Maya performed methodical observations of the night sky . Historically , astronomy has included disciplines as diverse as astrometry , celestial navigation , observational astronomy and the making of calendars , but professional astronomy is now often considered to be synonymous with astrophysics . During the 20th century , the field of professional astronomy split into observational and theoretical branches . Observational astronomy is focused on acquiring data from observations of astronomical objects , which is then analyzed using basic principles of physics . Theoretical astronomy is oriented toward the development of computer or analytical models to describe astronomical objects and phenomena . The two fields complement each other , with theoretical astronomy seeking to explain the observational results and observations being used to confirm theoretical results . Astronomy is one of the few sciences where amateurs can still play an active role , especially in the discovery and observation of transient phenomena . Amateur astronomers have made and contributed to many important astronomical discoveries , such as finding new comets . ", "Concise Encyclopedia of Supersymmetry and Noncommutative Structures in Mathematics and Physics is a fundamental authoritative text in specialized areas of contemporary mathematics and physics . This is an English language reference work which consists of around 800 original articles by around 280 scientists under the guidance of 23 Advisory Board members . ", "Quantum thermodynamics is the study of the relations between two independent physical theories : thermodynamics and quantum mechanics . The two independent theories address the physical phenomena of light and matter . In 1905 Einstein argued that the requirement of consistency between thermodynamics and electromagnetism ... : . leads to the conclusion that light is quantized obtaining the relation . This paper is the dawn of quantum theory . In a few decades quantum theory became established with an independent set of rules . Currently quantum thermodynamics addresses the emergence of thermodynamic laws from quantum mechanics . It differs from quantum statistical mechanics in the emphasis on dynamical processes out of equilibrium . In addition there is a quest for the theory to be relevant for a single individual quantum system . ", "Hempel 's dilemma is a question first asked -LRB- at least on record -RRB- by the philosopher Carl Hempel . It has relevance to naturalism and physicalism in philosophy , and to philosophy of mind . Naturalism , in at least one rough sense , is the claim that the entire world may be described and explained using the laws of nature , in other words , that all phenomena are natural phenomena . This leaves open the question of what is ` natural ' , but one common understanding of the claim is that everything in the world is ultimately explicable in the terms of physics . This is known as reductive physicalism . However , this type of physicalism in its turn leaves open the question of what we are to consider as the proper terms of physics . There seem to be two options here , and these options form the horns of Hempel 's dilemma , because neither seems satisfactory . On the one hand , we may define the physical as whatever is currently explained by our best physical theories , e.g. , quantum mechanics , general relativity . Though many would find this definition unsatisfactory , some would accept that we have at least a general understanding of the physical based on these theories , and can use them to assess what is physical and what is not . And therein lies the rub , as a worked-out explanation of mentality currently lies outside the scope of such theories . On the other hand , if we say that some future , `` ideal '' physics is what is meant , then the claim is rather empty , for we have no idea of what this means . The `` ideal '' physics may even come to define what we think of as mental as part of the physical world . In effect , physicalism by this second account becomes the circular claim that all phenomena are explicable in terms of physics because physics properly defined is whatever explains all phenomena . Beenakker has proposed to resolve Hempel 's dilemma with the definition : `` The boundary between physics and metaphysics is the boundary between what can and what can not be computed in the age of the universe '' . Hempel 's dilemma is relevant to philosophy of mind because explanations of issues such as consciousness , representation , and intentionality are very hard to come by using current physics although many people in philosophy -LRB- and other fields such as cognitive science , psychology , and neuroscience -RRB- hold to physicalism . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 2, 2 ]

[ "Uganda", "Simeon_Aké", "Charles_Comte", "Georges_Anderla", "Court_of_Audit_-LRB-France-RRB-" ]

[ "Uganda -LRB- -LSB- juːˈɡændə -RSB- or -LSB- juːˈɡɑːndə -RSB- -RRB- , officially the Republic of Uganda , is a landlocked country in East Africa . It is bordered to the east by Kenya , to the north by South Sudan , to the west by the Democratic Republic of the Congo , to the south-west by Rwanda , and to the south by Tanzania . The southern part of the country includes a substantial portion of Lake Victoria , shared with Kenya and Tanzania . Uganda is in the African Great Lakes region . Uganda also lies within the Nile basin , and has a varied but generally a modified equatorial climate . Uganda takes its name from the Buganda kingdom , which encompasses a large portion of the south of the country , including the capital Kampala . The people of Uganda were hunter-gatherers until 1,700 to 2,300 years ago , when Bantu-speaking populations migrated to the southern parts of the country . Beginning in 1894 , the area was ruled as a protectorate by the British , who established administrative law across the territory . Uganda gained independence from Britain on 9 October 1962 . The period since then has been marked by intermittent conflicts , including a lengthy civil war against the Lord 's Resistance Army in the Northern Region , which has caused hundreds of thousands of casualties . The official languages are English and Swahili , although `` any other language may be used as a medium of instruction in schools or other educational institutions or for legislative , administrative or judicial purposes as may be prescribed by law . '' Luganda , a central language , is widely spoken across the country , and several other languages are also spoken including Runyoro , Runyankole , Rukiga , and Luo . The president of Uganda is Yoweri Museveni , who came to power in January 1986 after a protracted six-year guerrilla war . ", "Simeon Aké -LRB- 4 January 1932 in Bingerville -- 8 January 2003 in Abidjan -RRB- was an Ivorian politician . Simeon Aké studied law in the University of Dakar in Senegal , and gained his certificate in 1957 . Aké began his political career as Director of Protocol of State in from 1959 until 1960 , when Côte d'Ivoire gained independence . He served as a diplomat in its embassy in New York City in 1961-63 , and then as ambassador in London , 1964 -- 66 , with responsibility for Great Britain and Northern Ireland , Denmark , Sweden and Norway . In 1966 he was appointed ambassador of Côte d'Ivoire to the United Nations . He headed , in this capacity , the UN visiting mission to Spanish Sahara in 1975 . From 1977 to 1990 , he served as Foreign Minister of Côte d'Ivoire , under President Félix Houphouët-Boigny . He was a member of the Directing Committee and Political Bureau of the Parti Démocratique de Côte d'Ivoire -LRB- PDCI -RRB- . ", "Charles Comte -LRB- 1782 -- 1837 -RRB- -LRB- François-Charles-Louis Comte -RRB- was a French lawyer , journalist and political writer . In 1814 he founded , with Charles Dunoyer , Le Censeur , the liberal journal . In 1820 , he was found guilty of attacks against the King and went into exile in Switzerland where as professor of natural law , he taught at the University of Lausanne in Switzerland . Following comments made by Fredric Jean Witt , a revolutionary , to the Bavarian police , and an intervention by the French police , Comte was forced to leave Switzerland . He took refuge in England for 18 months where he became acquainted with Jeremy Bentham and in 1825 , he returned to France and began contributing to the Revue Americaine . In 1827 he published Traité de législation -LRB- 4 volumes , in-8 -RRB- -LRB- A Treaty of law -RRB- which outlined laws governing the development of companies and the reasons why development might be held back . The book established his reputation and earned him a Montyon Prize . As an economist , he followed the doctrines of Jean-Baptiste Say whose daughter he married . He was active in the opposition which led to the July Revolution of 1830 -LRB- he refused to pay taxes until Charles X revoked a series anti-liberal decrees -RRB- and was elected a deputy in the Sarthe in 1831 and again in 1834 . In 1832 , he was elected to the Académie des Sciences Morales et Politiques . ", "Georges Anderla -LRB- March 27 , 1921 in Prague - April 26 , 2005 in Antibes -RRB- was a Czech-born French economist . While working for the OECD in 1973 , he created a statistical model of the accumulation of human knowledge . He began by defining the known technology in 1 AD as a unit and showed that it had doubled in 1500 , doubled again in 1750 and again in 1900 . According to Anderla the next doubling only took fifty years , then ten , seven and finally six leading up to the year 1973 . If Anderla is correct , the amount of human knowledge in 1973 was 128 times greater than in the year 1 AD . ", "The Court of Auditors -LRB- in French Cour des comptes -RRB- is a quasi-judicial body of the French government charged with conducting financial and legislative audits of most public institutions and some private institutions , including the central Government , national public corporations , social security agencies -LRB- since 1950 -RRB- , and public services -LRB- since 1976 -RRB- . The Court is essentially a cross between a court of exchequer , comptroller general 's office , and auditor general 's office in common-law countries . It is as well a Grand Corps of the French State mainly recruiting among the best students graduating from the Ecole nationale d'administration . The Court 's three duties are to conduct financial audits of accounts , conduct good governance audits , and provide information and advice to the French Parliament and Administration . The Court verifies the good form of accounting and the proper handling of public money . Established in 1807 , the Court is the successor to the Paris Court of Accounts under the monarchy , or Ancien Régime , and had inherent jurisdiction to audit all public accounting officials and agencies . The Court of Audit is independent from the legislative and executive branches of Government . However , the 1946 and 1958 French constitutions made it the Court 's duty to assist the Cabinet and Parliament in regulating government spending . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 0, 1 ]

[ "Maltese_language", "Languages_of_Malta", "Malta", "Solombala_English", "History_of_the_Bulgarian_language" ]

[ "Maltese -LRB- links = no -RRB- is the national language of Malta and a co-official language of the country alongside English , while also serving as an official language of the European Union , the only Semitic language so distinguished . Maltese is descended from Siculo-Arabic , the variety of Arabic that developed in Sicily and was later introduced to Malta , between the end of the ninth century and the end of the twelfth century . Maltese is a unique branch of Arabic because it has evolved independently of Literary Arabic into a standardized language over the past 800 years in a gradual process of Latinisation . The original Semitic base -LRB- Siculo-Arabic -RRB- comprises around one-third of the Maltese vocabulary , especially words that denote basic ideas and the function words , but about half of the vocabulary is derived from standard Italian and Sicilian ; and English words make up between 6 % and 20 % of the vocabulary . Maltese has always been written in the Latin script , the earliest surviving example dating from the late Middle Ages . ", "Malta has two official languages : Maltese and English . Maltese is also the national language . Until 1934 Italian was also an official language in Malta . Having been governed by many different countries in the past , the Maltese population is generally able to converse in languages which are not native to the country , namely English and Italian . According to the Eurobarometer poll conducted in 2012 , 98 % of Maltese people can speak Maltese , 88 % can speak English , 66 % can speak Italian , and more than 17 % speak French . This shows a recent increase in the fluency of languages , since in 1995 , only 98 % of the population spoke Maltese , 76 % English , 36 % Italian , and 10 % French . Surprisingly , it also shows an increase in Italian fluency compared to when Italian was an official language of Malta . French , German and Spanish are the other main languages studied in secondary and tertiary education . ", "Malta -LRB- -LSB- ˈmɒltə -RSB- -LSB- ˈmɐltɐ -RSB- -RRB- , officially known as the Republic of Malta -LRB- Repubblika ta ' Malta -RRB- , is a Southern European island country consisting of an archipelago in the Mediterranean Sea . It lies 80 km south of Italy , 284 km east of Tunisia , and 333 km north of Libya . The country covers just over 316 km2 , with a population of just under 450,000 , making it one of the world 's smallest and most densely populated countries . The capital of Malta is Valletta , which at 0.8 km2 , is the smallest national capital in the European Union by area . Malta has one national language , which is Maltese , and English as an official language . Malta 's location in the middle of the Mediterranean has historically given it great strategic importance as a naval base , and a succession of powers , including the Phoenicians , Carthaginians , Greeks , Romans , Byzantines , Moors , Normans , Sicilians , Spanish , Knights of St. John , French and British , have ruled the islands . King George VI of the United Kingdom awarded the George Cross to Malta in 1942 for the country 's bravery in the Second World War . The George Cross continues to appear on Malta 's national flag . Under the Malta Independence Act , passed by the British Parliament in 1964 , Malta gained independence from the United Kingdom as an independent sovereign Commonwealth realm , officially known from 1964 to 1974 as the State of Malta , with Elizabeth II as its head of state . The country became a republic in 1974 , and although no longer a Commonwealth realm , remains a member state of the Commonwealth of Nations . Malta was admitted to the United Nations in 1964 and to the European Union in 2004 ; in 2008 , it became part of the Eurozone . Malta has a long Christian legacy and its Archdiocese of Malta is claimed to be an apostolic see because , according to Acts of the Apostles , St Paul was shipwrecked on `` Melita '' , now widely taken to be Malta . Catholicism is the official religion in Malta . Malta is a popular tourist destination with its warm climate , numerous recreational areas , and architectural and historical monuments , including three UNESCO World Heritage Sites : Ħal Saflieni Hypogeum , Valletta , and seven Megalithic Temples , which are some of the oldest free-standing structures in the world . ", "Solombala-English , or Solombala English -- Russian Pidgin , is a little-known pidgin , derived from both English and Russian , that was spoken in the port of Solombala in the neighborhood of Arkhangelsk -LRB- Archangel -RRB- , Russia in the 18th and 19th centuries . The known Solombala-English corpus consists of only two short 19th-century texts : one in Очерки Архангельской губерний -LRB- Sketches from the district of Archangel -RRB- by Vasilij Vereščagin from 1849 , and one in Архангельские Губернские Ведомости -LRB- Archangel District News -RRB- from 1867 . __ NOTOC __ ", "The History of the Bulgarian language can be divided into three major periods : Old Bulgarian -LRB- from the late 9th until the 12th century -RRB- ; Middle Bulgarian -LRB- from the 12th century to the 16th century -RRB- ; Modern Bulgarian -LRB- since the 16th century -RRB- . Bulgarian as a written South Slavic language that dates back to the end of the 9th century . " ]

[ 1, 0, 1, 1, 0 ]

[ "Nate_Diaz", "Gabriela_Díaz", "Zé_Marco_de_Melo", "Adrián_Mateos", "Manuel_Cortina" ]

[ "Nathan Donald `` Nate '' Diaz -LRB- born April 16 , 1985 -RRB- is an American professional mixed martial artist currently competing for the Ultimate Fighting Championship -LRB- UFC -RRB- . He was the winner of The Ultimate Fighter 5 . Diaz is the younger brother of former Strikeforce Welterweight Champion and WEC Welterweight Champion , Nick Diaz . Prior to signing with the UFC , Diaz competed in World Extreme Cagefighting , Strikeforce , and Pancrase . As of 7 November 2016 , Diaz is # 5 in official UFC lightweight rankings . Diaz is also tied with Joe Lauzon for the most UFC bonus awards , with 15 in total . ", "María Gabriela Díaz -LRB- born January 2 , 1981 in Alta Gracia , Córdoba -RRB- is an Argentine professional BMX cyclist . Emerging as the world 's most decorated female BMX rider in history , Diaz has claimed multiple Argentine national titles , six Pan American championship titles , and five medals -LRB- three golds , one silver , and one bronze -RRB- in women 's elite category at the UCI World Championships . She also won two medals , including a prestigious gold , in the same category at the Pan American Games -LRB- 2007 and 2011 -RRB- , and later represented her nation Argentina at the 2008 Summer Olympics . Diaz sought sporting headlines at the UCI BMX World Championships , where she claimed a total of five medals -LRB- three golds , one silver , and one bronze -RRB- in the women 's elite category , making her the world 's most decorated female rider of all time . At the 2007 Pan American Games in Rio de Janeiro , Brazil , Diaz powered her lead over the eight-strong female squad on the final stretch to take home the first gold for Argentina in the women 's BMX category , finishing ahead of host nation 's Ana Flávia Sgobin . Diaz qualified for the Argentine squad in women 's BMX cycling at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing by receiving one of the nation 's two available berths based on her top-ten performance from the UCI BMX World Rankings . After grabbing a fifth seed on the morning prelims with a time of 37.590 and then mounting a third spot in her semifinal heat with 13 placing points , Diaz narrowly missed out the podium by more than a second with a fifth-place finish in 39.747 . At the 2011 Pan American Games in Guadalajara , Mexico , Diaz could not defend her women 's BMX title with a bronze-medal time in 42.971 , holding off her sister Mariana on the final turn by a two-second advantage . Diaz also sought her bid for the 2012 Summer Olympics in London , but she finished sixth in her quarterfinal heat at the 2012 UCI BMX World Championships in Birmingham , England , failing to advance further to the latter rounds for a coveted Olympic spot . ", "José Marco `` Zé Marco '' Nóbrega Ferreira de Melo -LRB- born March 19 , 1971 in João Pessoa , Paraíba -RRB- is a beach volleyball player from Brazil , who won the silver medal in the men 's beach team competition at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney , Australia , partnering Ricardo Santos . He also represented his native country at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta , Georgia . ", "Adrián Mateos Díaz -LRB- born July 1 , 1994 -RRB- is a Spanish professional poker player . At the age of 19 he won the 2013 World Series of Poker Europe Main Event for $ 1,000,000 . He also won an event on the Estrellas Poker Tour in Madrid in January 2013 for $ 103,000 . In May 2015 , Mateos won the European Poker Tour Grand Final in Monte Carlo , earning $ 1,082,000 . With the win he became the first Spanish EPT champion . As of January 2017 , his total live tournament winnings exceed $ 6,300,000 . ", "Manuel Cortina Martínez -LRB- born July 21 , 1983 in Veracruz -RRB- is a Mexican canoeist . He participated in the 2007 Pan American Games and obtained three gold medals in canoe sprint . Martínez also competed at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing , but was eliminated in the semifinals of both the K-1 500 m and the K-1 1000 m events . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Chadwick_Boseman", "Terrence_Howard", "Matt_Bomer", "Dev_Patel", "Kevin_Costner" ]

[ "Chadwick Aaron Boseman -LRB- born November 29 , 1976 -RRB- is an American actor . He is known for portraying Jackie Robinson in 42 -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , James Brown in Get on Up -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , and T'Challa in the Marvel Studios film Captain America : Civil War -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . He also had roles in the television series Lincoln Heights -LRB- 2008 -RRB- and Persons Unknown -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , and the films The Express -LRB- 2008 -RRB- and Draft Day -LRB- 2014 -RRB- . He will reprise his Marvel role in Black Panther , scheduled for a 2018 release as well as in Avengers : Infinity War . ", "Terrence Dashon Howard -LRB- born March 11 , 1969 -RRB- is an American actor and singer . Having his first major roles in the 1995 films Dead Presidents and Mr. Holland 's Opus , Howard broke into the mainstream with a succession of television and cinema roles between 2004 and 2006 . He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor for his role in Hustle & Flow . Howard has had prominent roles in many other movies including Winnie , Ray , Lackawanna Blues , Crash , Four Brothers , Get Rich or Die Tryin ' , Idlewild , August Rush , The Brave One and Prisoners . Howard played James Rhodes in Iron Man and reprised the role in the video game adaptation . However , he was replaced by Don Cheadle for the future films . He currently stars as the lead character Lucious Lyon in the television series Empire . His debut album , Shine Through It , was released in September 2008 . ", "Matthew Staton Bomer -LRB- born October 11 , 1977 -RRB- is an American actor . He made his television debut with Guiding Light in 2001 , and gained recognition with his recurring role in the NBC television series Chuck . He played the lead role of con-artist and thief Neal Caffrey in the USA Network series White Collar from 2009 to 2014 . Bomer won a Golden Globe Award and received a Primetime Emmy Award nomination for his supporting role as Felix Turner , opposite Mark Ruffalo , in the HBO television film The Normal Heart -LRB- 2014 -RRB- . Bomer made a guest appearance on the fourth season of FX 's horror anthology series American Horror Story . He was later upgraded to main cast during the fifth season . In film , Bomer has featured in supporting roles in the 2005 thriller Flightplan , the 2011 science fiction thriller In Time , the 2012 comedy-drama Magic Mike and its 2015 sequel , the 2014 supernatural-drama Winter 's Tale , and the 2016 neo-noir film The Nice Guys . On stage , Bomer has starred in the Dustin Lance Black play 8 on Broadway and at the Wilshire Ebell Theatre as Jeff Zarrillo , a plaintiff in the federal case that overturned California 's Proposition 8 . Bomer is married to the publicist Simon Halls with whom he has three children . ", "Dev Patel -LRB- born 23 April 1990 -RRB- is an English actor . Born and raised in London to Indian parents , Patel made his screen debut as Anwar Kharral in the first two seasons of the British teen drama television series Skins -LRB- 2007 -- 2008 -RRB- , landing the role with no prior professional acting experience . His breakthrough came in 2008 with the leading role of Jamal Malik in Danny Boyle 's drama Slumdog Millionaire , which won the Academy Award for Best Picture , and for which he was nominated for the SAG Award for Best Supporting Actor and the BAFTA Award for Best Actor . Patel went on to star in the highly successful romantic comedy The Best Exotic Marigold Hotel -LRB- 2012 -RRB- and its 2015 sequel , the fantasy film The Last Airbender -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , and the science fiction film Chappie -LRB- 2015 -RRB- . His portrayal of Neal Sampat on the HBO television series The Newsroom -LRB- 2012 -- 2014 -RRB- earned him a NAACP Image Award nomination for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series . In 2015 , Patel starred as the mathematician Srinivasa Ramanujan in the biopic The Man Who Knew Infinity , and the following year he played Saroo Brierley in the drama Lion -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . For the latter , he won the BAFTA Award for Best Supporting Actor and was nominated for the Golden Globe , Critics ' Choice Award , SAG Award , and the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor . ", "Kevin Michael Costner -LRB- born January 18 , 1955 -RRB- is an American actor , director , producer , and musician . His accolades include two Academy Awards , three Golden Globe Awards , and one Emmy Award . Costner has played Eliot Ness in The Untouchables , Crash Davis in Bull Durham , Ray Kinsella in Field of Dreams , Lt. John J. Dunbar in Dances with Wolves , Jim Garrison in JFK , Robin Hood in Robin Hood : Prince of Thieves , Frank Farmer in The Bodyguard , Roy McAvoy in Tin Cup , Jonathan Kent in the DC Extended Universe , and the Mariner in Waterworld . He directed , produced , and starred in The Postman . In television , Costner won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Miniseries or a Movie , the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor -- Miniseries or Television Film , and the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Miniseries or Television Movie for his role as Devil Anse Hatfield in Hatfields & McCoys -LRB- 2012 -RRB- . " ]

[ 2, 0, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Key_&_Peele", "Keegan-Michael_Key", "The_Broken_Key", "Jan_Pascale", "Paul_Moss" ]

[ "Key & Peele is an American sketch comedy television series created by Keegan-Michael Key and Jordan Peele for Comedy Central . Both Key and Peele previously worked on MADtv . Each episode of the show consists mainly of several pre-taped skits starring the two actors . The sketches cover a variety of societal topics , often with a focus on American popular culture , ethnic stereotypes , and race relations . Key & Peele premiered on January 31 , 2012 and ended on September 9 , 2015 , with a total of 53 episodes , over the course of five seasons . A special entitled `` Key & Peele 's Super Bowl Special '' aired on January 30 , 2015 . Key & Peele won a Peabody Award and two Primetime Emmy Awards and has been nominated for various other awards , including Writers Guild Award , NAACP Image Award and 16 additional Primetime Emmy Awards in various categories . ", "Keegan-Michael Key -LRB- born March 22 , 1971 -RRB- is an American actor , comedian , writer , and producer . He starred in the Comedy Central sketch series Key & Peele and co-stars in the USA Network comedy series Playing House . He spent six seasons as a cast member on MADtv and has made several guest appearances on Whose Line is it Anyway ? . In 2014 , he also starred in the first season of the FX series Fargo and had a recurring role on the sixth and seventh season of the NBC series Parks and Recreation . He has had supporting roles in several films , including Let 's Be Cops , Tomorrowland and Pitch Perfect 2 . In 2015 , Key appeared at the White House Correspondents ' Dinner as the character Luther , President Barack Obama 's anger translator . In 2016 , he produced and starred in Keanu -LRB- 2016 -RRB- with his Key & Peele co-star Jordan Peele . He also hosted the show Planet 's Funniest Animals on Animal Planet . ", "The Broken Key is an upcoming independent film written and directed by Louis Nero . In a near future , due to the effects of an uncompromising law on the eco-sustainability of supports , paper has become a rare item , a luxury possession , controlled by the `` Big Z '' : Zimurgh Corporation . ", "Jan Pascale is a set decorator who has won an Emmy and has been nominated for an Oscar . She has worked on over 50 different TV shows and films since 1982 . She won her Emmy 2001 for the TV show Boston Public . She was nominated at the 2005 Academy Awards in the category of Best Art Direction . She was nominated for the film Good Night and Good Luck , her nomination was shared with James D. Bissell . ", "Paul Raymond Moss is the general manager of Media Prima network 's media portal and a judge in 8TV 's One in a Million singing contest . Moss was the AS A&R director of record company Positive Tone from its inception in 1994 until last year . Moss oversaw the transformation in Malaysian music that created whole new markets for English-language artistes and new genres of music . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "James_Brolin", "Big_James_Henderson", "James_Minahan", "Robert_Drasnin", "James_Spader" ]

[ "James Brolin -LRB- -LSB- ˈbroʊlᵻn -RSB- born July 18 , 1940 -RRB- is an American actor , producer , and director , best known for his roles in film and television , including sitcoms and soap operas . He is the father of actor Josh Brolin and husband of singer/actress Barbra Streisand . Among other awards , Brolin has won two Golden Globes and an Emmy . He received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame on August 27 , 1998 . ", "James Gregory Henderson , known as Big James Henderson and James `` Hollywood '' Henderson -LRB- born April 9 , 1965 in Roxbury , Massachusetts -RRB- is a former powerlifter from the United States , who specialized in the bench press . He competed in the International Powerlifting Federation -LRB- IPF -RRB- and was five times Super Heavyweight World Bench Press Champion . He was the second man to bench press over 700 lb and the first man to bench press over 700 lbs raw . James set numerous world records throughout his career , including the all-time world record in the raw -LRB- unassisted -RRB- bench press with . ", "James Mark Minahan -LRB- 1872 -- 11 October 1941 -RRB- was an Irish-born Australian politician . He was born in County Clare to bootmaker Patrick Minahan and Mary Murphy . He migrated to New South Wales around 1883 , partnering with his brother Patrick as a boot manufacturer . Around 1900 he married Mary Eileen Killeen , with whom he had four children . From 1925 to 1934 he was a Labor member of the New South Wales Legislative Council ; he opposed Jack Lang in the 1930s and sat as Federal Labor . Minahan died at Waverley in 1941 . ", "Robert Drasnin -LRB- November 17 , 1927 -- May 13 , 2015 -RRB- was an American composer and clarinet player . Robert Drasnin was born on November 17 , 1927 in Charleston , West Virginia . At an early age Drasnin was interested in the Clarinet so he took lessons but when his family moved to Los Angeles he was n't to start until 1938 . He attended Franklin Avenue Grammar School in East Hollywood and then Thomas Starr King Junior High and eventually Los Angeles High School in which he joined the American Federation of Musicians . Drasnin joined the United States Army after graduation and served during the Korean War . Dionysus Records announced that Robert Drasnin died on May 13 , 2015 . ", "James Todd Spader -LRB- born February 7 , 1960 -RRB- is an American actor . He is best known for portraying eccentric characters in films such as the drama Sex , Lies , and Videotape -LRB- 1989 -RRB- , the action science fiction film Stargate -LRB- 1994 -RRB- , the controversial psychological thriller Crash -LRB- 1996 -RRB- , the erotic romance Secretary -LRB- 2002 -RRB- , and the blockbuster superhero film Avengers : Age of Ultron -LRB- 2015 -RRB- . His best-known television roles are those of attorney Alan Shore in The Practice and its spin-off Boston Legal -LRB- for which he won three Emmy Awards -RRB- , and Robert California in the comedy-mockumentary The Office . He currently stars as high-profile criminal-turned-FBI-informant Raymond `` Red '' Reddington in the NBC crime drama The Blacklist , for which he has earned two Golden Globe Award nominations . " ]

[ 2, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Kung_Fu_Panda", "Godzilla_-LRB-2014_film-RRB-", "Pandamen", "Spider-Man_2", "Pixar" ]

[ "Kung Fu Panda is a 2008 American computer-animated action comedy martial arts film produced by DreamWorks Animation and distributed by Paramount Pictures . It was directed by John Stevenson and Mark Osborne and produced by Melissa Cobb , and stars the voices of Jack Black , Dustin Hoffman , Angelina Jolie , Ian McShane , Seth Rogen , Lucy Liu , David Cross , Randall Duk Kim , James Hong , and Jackie Chan . Set in a version of ancient China populated by anthropomorphic talking animals , the plot revolves around a bumbling panda named Po who aspires to be a kung fu master . When an evil kung fu warrior is foretold to escape after twenty years in prison , Po is unwittingly named the chosen one destined to defeat him and bring peace to the land , much to the chagrin of the resident kung fu warriors . The idea for the film was conceived by Michael Lachance , a DreamWorks Animation executive . The film was originally intended to be a parody , but director Stevenson decided instead , to shoot an action comedy wuxia film that incorporates the hero 's journey narrative archetype for the lead character . The computer animation in the film was more complex than anything DreamWorks had done before . As with most DreamWorks animated films , Hans Zimmer -LRB- collaborating with John Powell this time -RRB- scored Kung Fu Panda . He visited China to absorb the culture and get to know the China National Symphony Orchestra as part of his preparation . A sequel , Kung Fu Panda 2 , was released on May 26 , 2011 , along with a television series , Kung Fu Panda : Legends of Awesomeness later that same year as a part of a franchise . A second sequel called Kung Fu Panda 3 was released on January 29 , 2016 . Kung Fu Panda premiered in the United States on June 6 , 2008 . The film received critical acclaim upon release . Kung Fu Panda opened in 4,114 theaters , grossing $ 20.3 million on its opening day and $ 60.2 million on its opening weekend , resulting in the number one position at the box office . The film became DreamWorks ' biggest opening for a non-sequel film , the highest grossing animated film of the year worldwide , and also had the fourth-largest opening weekend for a DreamWorks animated film at the American and Canadian box office , behind Shrek 2 , Shrek the Third , and Shrek Forever After . ", "Godzilla is a 2014 American monster film directed by Gareth Edwards and a reboot of Toho 's Godzilla franchise . It is the 30th film in the Godzilla franchise , the first film in Legendary 's MonsterVerse , and the second Godzilla film to be completely produced by a Hollywood studio , the first being the 1998 film of the same name . It stars Aaron Taylor-Johnson , Ken Watanabe , Elizabeth Olsen , Juliette Binoche , Sally Hawkins , David Strathairn , and Bryan Cranston . The film is a co-production between Legendary Pictures and Warner Bros. . Pictures , with the latter also distributing the film worldwide , except in Japan where it was distributed by Toho . The project initially began in 2004 and was originally intended to be an IMAX short film but was later transferred to Legendary for development as a feature film . Principal photography took place in the United States and Canada in 2013 . Godzilla was released worldwide in 2D , 3D and IMAX on May 16 , 2014 to generally positive reviews and was a box office success , grossing $ 200 million domestically and $ 529.1 million worldwide . The film 's success prompted Toho to produce a reboot of its own and Legendary to proceed with sequels and a shared cinematic franchise , with Godzilla : King of the Monsters set to be released in 2019 and Godzilla vs. Kong to be released in 2020 . ", "Pandamen is a 2010 Taiwanese TV series directed by and starring Jay Chou and co-starring Nan Quan Mama members Yuhao Zhan and Devon Song in the title roles of `` Pandamen '' . ", "Spider-Man 2 is a 2004 American superhero film directed by Sam Raimi and written by Alvin Sargent from a story by Alfred Gough , Miles Millar , and Michael Chabon . The sequel to the 2002 film Spider-Man , it is the second film in Raimi 's Spider-Man film trilogy based on the fictional Marvel Comics character of the same name . Tobey Maguire , Kirsten Dunst , and James Franco reprise their respective roles as Peter Parker/Spider-Man , Mary Jane Watson and Harry Osborn . Set two years after the events of Spider-Man , the film finds Peter Parker struggling to manage both his personal life and his duties as Spider-Man , while Dr. Otto Octavius -LRB- Doctor Octopus -RRB- becomes a diabolical villain after a failed experiment kills his wife and leaves him neurologically fused to mechanical tentacles . Spider-Man must stop him from successfully recreating the experiment , which threatens to annihilate the city . Spider-Man 2 was released in both conventional and IMAX theaters on June 30 , 2004 . It grossed $ 783.8 million worldwide and won the Academy Award for Best Visual Effects . It also received five awards at the Saturn Awards ceremony including Best Fantasy Film and Best Director for Raimi . The film 's success led to the release of Spider-Man 3 in 2007 . ", "Pixar -LRB- -LSB- ˈpɪksɑr -RSB- -RRB- , also referred to as Pixar Animation Studios , is an American computer animation film studio based in Emeryville , California that is a subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company . Pixar began in 1979 as the Graphics Group , part of the Lucasfilm computer division , before its spin-out as a corporation in 1986 , with funding by Apple Inc. co-founder Steve Jobs , who became the majority shareholder . Disney purchased Pixar in 2006 at a valuation of $ 7.4 billion , a transaction that resulted in Jobs becoming Disney 's largest single shareholder at the time . Pixar is best known for CGI-animated feature films created with RenderMan , Pixar 's own implementation of the industry-standard RenderMan image-rendering application programming interface , used to generate high-quality images . Pixar has produced seventeen feature films , beginning with Toy Story -LRB- 1995 -RRB- , which was the first-ever computer-animated feature film , and its most recent being Finding Dory -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . All 17 of its films have debuted with CinemaScore ratings of at least an `` A − , '' indicating positive receptions with audiences . The studio has also produced several short films . , its feature films have earned approximately $ 10.8 billion at the box office worldwide , with an average worldwide gross of $ 634 million per film . Finding Dory , along with its predecessor Finding Nemo -LRB- 2003 -RRB- , as well as Toy Story 3 -LRB- 2010 -RRB- are among the 50 highest-grossing films of all time , with the lattermost film being the third all-time highest-grossing animated film with a gross of $ 1.063 billion . Fourteen of Pixar 's films are also among the 50 highest-grossing animated films of all time . The studio has earned sixteen Academy Awards , seven Golden Globe Awards , and eleven Grammy Awards , among many other awards and acknowledgments . Many of Pixar 's films have been nominated for the Academy Award for Best Animated Feature since its inauguration in 2001 , with eight winning ; this includes Finding Nemo and Toy Story 3 , along with The Incredibles -LRB- 2004 -RRB- , Ratatouille -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , WALL-E -LRB- 2008 -RRB- , Up -LRB- 2009 -RRB- , Brave -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , and Inside Out -LRB- 2015 -RRB- . Monsters , Inc. -LRB- 2001 -RRB- and Cars -LRB- 2006 -RRB- are the only two films that were nominated for the award without winning it , while Cars 2 -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , Monsters University -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , The Good Dinosaur -LRB- 2015 -RRB- , and Finding Dory have not been nominated . Up and Toy Story 3 were also the respective second and third animated films to be nominated for the Academy Award for Best Picture , the first being Walt Disney Animation Studios ' Beauty and the Beast -LRB- 1991 -RRB- . Luxo Jr. , a character from the studio 's 1986 short film of the same name , is the studio 's mascot . On September 6 , 2009 , Pixar executives John Lasseter , Brad Bird , Pete Docter , Andrew Stanton , and Lee Unkrich were presented with the Golden Lion award for Lifetime Achievement by the biennial Venice Film Festival . The award was presented by Lucasfilm 's founder George Lucas . " ]

[ 2, 1, 0, 1, 1 ]

[ "Charles_Howard_Hinton", "Rodger_Winn", "Victor_Alexander_Gascoyne-Cecil", "Herbert_Marchant", "William_St_Colum_Bland" ]

[ "Charles Howard Hinton -LRB- 1853 , United Kingdom -- 30 April 1907 , Washington D.C. , United States -RRB- was a British mathematician and writer of science fiction works titled Scientific Romances . He was interested in higher dimensions , particularly the fourth dimension . He is known for coining the word `` tesseract '' and for his work on methods of visualising the geometry of higher dimensions . ", "Sir Charles Rodger Noel Winn , CB , OBE , QC , -LRB- 1903 -- 1972 -RRB- was a British judge and Royal Navy intelligence officer who led the tracking of German U-boat operations during World War II . ", "Lieutenant-Colonel Victor Alexander Gascoyne-Cecil -LRB- 21 May 1891 -- 17 January 1977 -RRB- was a British soldier . The son of a Bishop of Exeter , Lord William Cecil , and the grandson of a prime minister , the Marquess of Salisbury , he was educated at Westminster School and the Royal Military College , Sandhurst . He joined the Hampshire Regiment during the First World War , was promoted to major in the Tank Corps , and was twice wounded . In October 1917 he took out a patent on a water-heater . After the war , Gascoyne-Cecil 's regiment was posted to British India . In 1922 , he fought on the North-West Frontier with Afghanistan . When the Second World War broke out in 1939 , his regimental battalion was recalled . On 25 November 1915 , Gascoyne-Cecil married Fairlie Estelle Caroline , elder daughter of Lieutenant Colonel Arthur Watson of the Suffolk Regiment . They had two sons , Rupert Arthur Victor Gascoyne-Cecil -LRB- 1917 -- 2004 -RRB- and Anthony Robert Gascoyne-Cecil -LRB- 1921 -- 1998 -RRB- . In 1949 , Gascoyne-Cecil was appointed High Sheriff of Essex . He was also a Deputy Lieutenant for Essex from 1951 to 1968 . ", "Sir Herbert Stanley Marchant -LRB- 18 May 1906 -- 8 August 1990 -RRB- was a schoolmaster , at Bletchley Park the codebreaking centre in World War II , and then a diplomat . He was ambassado to Cuba -LRB- 1960 -- 63 -RRB- and Tunisia -LRB- 1963 -- 66 -RRB- ; remembered for replying to British newspapers during the Cuban Missile Crisis that `` Everything is perfectly quiet here '' -LRB- in Cuba -RRB- . He attended Perse School and St John 's College , Cambridge . He was an assistant master at Harrow School 1928-39 . He was at Bletchley Park in World War II , where he was the deputy head of Hut 3 from 1943 until the end of the war . The head Eric Jones had taken over sole responsibility from 1942 , after personal rivalries between the original staff of Hut 3 . After the war he was in the Foreign Service 1946-66 . Then he became Assistant Director of the Institute of Race Relations 1966-68 , and United Kingdom representative on the United Nations Committee for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination 1969-73 . He married Diana Selway in 1937 , they had one son . He was awarded the OBE 1946 , CMG 1957 & KCMG 1963 . ", "Brigadier General William St Colum Bland CB CMG -LRB- 1868 -- 1950 -RRB- was a senior British Army officer during the First World War . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "Bonaire", "ABC_islands_-LRB-Lesser_Antilles-RRB-", "Elections_in_Bonaire", "ISO_3166-2-COLON-AN", "Aruba" ]

[ "Bonaire -LRB- pronounced -LSB- bɔːˈnɛər -RSB- or -LSB- bɒnˈɛər -RSB- Bonaire , -LSB- boˈnɛːr -RSB- ; Papiamentu : Boneiru -RRB- is an island in the Leeward Antilles in the Caribbean Sea . Together with Aruba and Curaçao , it forms the group known as the ABC islands , located less than a hundred miles off the north coast of South America near the western part of Venezuela . Unlike much of the Caribbean region , the ABCs lie outside the hurricane belt . The islands have an arid climate , which helps tourism , as visitors to the islands can reliably expect warm , sunny weather . Bonaire is a popular destination for SCUBA divers , and it is also well known for easy access to its various reefs from the shore . Bonaire 's capital is Kralendijk . The island has a permanent population of 18,905 -LRB- as of 1 January 2015 -RRB- and an area of 294 km2 -LRB- together with nearby uninhabited Klein Bonaire -RRB- . Bonaire was part of the Netherlands Antilles until the country 's dissolution in 2010 , when the island became a special municipality within the country of the Netherlands . It is one of the three BES islands in the Caribbean ; the other two BES islands are Sint Eustatius and Saba . ", "The ABC islands are the three western-most islands of the Leeward Antilles in the Caribbean Sea that lie north of Falcón State , Venezuela . From west to east they are , in order Aruba , Curaçao , and Bonaire . All three islands are part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands , although they remain outside the European Union . Aruba and Curaçao are autonomous , self-governing constituent countries of the Kingdom of the Netherlands , while Bonaire is a special municipality of the Netherlands proper . ", "Elections in Bonaire gives information on elections and election results in Bonaire , which was a member of the Netherlands Antilles until its dissolution in 2010 . Bonaire is now a public body of the Netherlands . ", "ISO 3166-2 : AN was the entry for the Netherlands Antilles in ISO 3166-2 , part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization -LRB- ISO -RRB- , which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions -LRB- e.g. , provinces or states -RRB- of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1 . The Netherlands Antilles were officially assigned the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code before it was dissolved into five separate territories in 2010 , and the entry has been deleted from ISO 3166-1 as a result . Curaçao and Sint Maarten , which became `` countries '' in the Kingdom of the Netherlands , are now assigned the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 codes and respectively . Bonaire , Sint Eustatius , and Saba , which became `` special municipalities '' of the Netherlands , are now assigned the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code under the collective entry `` Bonaire , Sint Eustatius and Saba '' . No ISO 3166-2 codes were ever defined in the entry for the Netherlands Antilles . ", "Aruba -LRB- -LSB- əˈruːbə -RSB- ; -LSB- aːˈrubaː -RSB- -RRB- is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in the southern Caribbean Sea , located about 1600 km west of the main part of the Lesser Antilles and 29 km north of the coast of Venezuela . It measures 32 km long from its northwestern to its southeastern end and 10 km across at its widest point . Together with Bonaire and Curaçao , Aruba forms a group referred to as the ABC islands . Collectively , Aruba and the other Dutch islands in the Caribbean are often called the Dutch Caribbean . Aruba is one of the four countries that form the Kingdom of the Netherlands , along with the Netherlands , Curaçao and Sint Maarten . The citizens of these countries all share a single nationality : Dutch . Aruba has no administrative subdivisions , but , for census purposes , is divided into eight regions . Its capital is Oranjestad . Unlike much of the Caribbean region , Aruba has a dry climate and an arid , cactus-strewn landscape . This climate has helped tourism as visitors to the island can reliably expect warm , sunny weather . It has a land area of 179 km2 and is densely populated , with a total of 102,484 inhabitants at the 2010 Census . It lies outside Hurricane Alley . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Abu_Dhabi_base", "Project_Y", "China_Geo-Engineering_Corporation", "Naval_Construction_Battalion_Center_Port_Hueneme", "Bell_X-14" ]

[ "Abu Dhabi Base , also called Camp de la Paix -LRB- `` Peace Camp '' -RRB- and known and referred to by the French military as Implantation militaire française aux Émirats arabes unis -LRB- `` French Military Settlement in UAE '' -RRB- or simply IMFEAU , is a French Naval Air Station based in Abu Dhabi , in the United Arab Emirates , since 2009 . ", "The Los Alamos Laboratory , also known as Project Y , was a secret laboratory established by the Manhattan Project and operated by the University of California during World War II . Its mission was to design and build the first atomic bombs . Robert Oppenheimer was its first director , from 1943 to December 1945 , when he was succeeded by Norris Bradbury . For scientists freely to discuss their work while preserving security , the laboratory was located in a remote part of New Mexico . The wartime laboratory occupied buildings that had once been part of the Los Alamos Ranch School . The development effort initially concentrated on a gun-type fission weapon using plutonium called Thin Man . In April 1944 , the Los Alamos Laboratory determined that the rate of spontaneous fission in plutonium bred in a nuclear reactor was too great due to the presence of plutonium-240 and would cause a predetonation , a nuclear chain reaction before the core was fully assembled . Oppenheimer then reorganized the laboratory and orchestrated an all-out and ultimately successful effort on an alternative design proposed by John von Neumann , an implosion-type nuclear weapon , which was called Fat Man . A variant of the gun-type design known as Little Boy was developed using uranium-235 . Chemists at the Los Alamos Laboratory developed methods of purifying uranium and plutonium , the latter a metal that only existed in microscopic quantities when Project Y began . Its metallurgists found that plutonium had unexpected properties , but were nonetheless able to cast it into metal spheres . The laboratory built the Water Boiler , an aqueous homogeneous reactor , the third reactor in the world to become operational . It also researched the Super , a hydrogen bomb that would use a fission bomb to ignite a nuclear fusion reaction in deuterium and tritium . The Fat Man design was tested in the Trinity nuclear test in July 1945 . Project Y personnel formed pit crews and assembly teams for the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and participated in the bombing as weaponeers and observers . After the war ended , the laboratory supported the Operation Crossroads nuclear tests at Bikini Atoll . A new Z Division was created to control testing , stockpiling and bomb assembly activities , which were concentrated at Sandia Base . The Los Alamos Laboratory became Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory in 1947 . ", "China Geo-Engineering Corporation -LRB- abbreviated as CGC -RRB- is a Chinese construction company that ranks in the Engineering News Record annual compilation of construction firms as one of the 250 largest international contractors by sales , with international project revenue of $ 665.6 million in 2012 . The company has performed work in several water related infrastructure projects across Africa . In 2005 , it won a tender against a field of 10 companies and consortia in Mozambique to build the water supply network in the cities of Xai-Xai and Chokwe . In Zambia , the company worked on the Kabwe water and sanitation project , powering through the project despite delays by the Zambian government in disbursing counter party funding . By the end of 2007 , the government moved to fund the 1 billion Zambian kwacha in delayed payments , an action praised by the Lusaka Times in an editorial as `` a very good development '' . When the company started in Ghana in 2005 , it started out drilling water holes and then moving on to other water projects and infrastructure . The Ghana branch of the company is well developed with , as of 2013 , about 1000 employees , 800 of whom are local , and does about $ 50 million in business every year . It works on contracts in water , roads , and hospitals . ", "Naval Construction Battalion Center Port Hueneme is the West Coast homeport of the Navy 's Seabees -LRB- from `` C.B. '' , the initials for `` Construction Battalion '' -RRB- . Port Hueneme -LRB- pronounced `` Why-nee-mee '' -RRB- , supports the training and mobilization requirements for more than 2,600 active-duty personnel . The CBC also operates the 1600 acre Naval Base Ventura County - Port Hueneme installation . The CBC is located on the vast agricultural Oxnard Plain , about 60 mi northwest of Los Angeles , on the Southern California coast . In 2000 , the center merged with nearby Naval Air Station Point Mugu to form Naval Base Ventura County . ", "The Bell X-14 -LRB- Bell Type 68 -RRB- was an experimental VTOL aircraft flown in the United States in the 1950s . The main objective of the project was to demonstrate vectored thrust horizontal and vertical takeoff , hover , transition to forward flight , and vertical landing . " ]

[ 2, 1, 1, 2, 1 ]

[ "Pocahontas", "Savages_-LRB-Pocahontas_song-RRB-", "Pocahontas,_Missouri", "Pocahontas_-LRB-soundtrack-RRB-", "John_Rolfe" ]

[ "Pocahontas -LRB- born Matoaka , known as Amonute , 1596 -- 1617 -RRB- was a Native American woman notable for her association with the colonial settlement at Jamestown , Virginia . Pocahontas was the daughter of Powhatan , the paramount chief of a network of tributary tribal nations in the Tsenacommacah , encompassing the Tidewater region of Virginia . In a well-known historical anecdote , she is said to have saved the life of a captive of the Native Americans , the Englishman John Smith , in 1607 by placing her head upon his own when her father raised his war club to execute him . Some historians have suggested that this story , as told by Smith , is untrue . Pocahontas was captured by the English during Anglo-Indian hostilities in 1613 , and held for ransom . During her captivity , she converted to Christianity and took the name Rebecca . When the opportunity arose for her to return to her people , she chose to remain with the English . In April 1614 , she married tobacco planter John Rolfe , and in January 1615 , bore their son , Thomas Rolfe . In 1616 , the Rolfes traveled to London . Pocahontas was presented to English society as an example of the `` civilized savage '' in hopes of stimulating investment in the Jamestown settlement . She became something of a celebrity , was elegantly fêted , and attended a masque at Whitehall Palace . In 1617 , the Rolfes set sail for Virginia , but Pocahontas died at Gravesend of unknown causes . She was buried in a church in Gravesend in the United Kingdom , but the exact location of her grave is unknown . Numerous places , landmarks , and products in the United States have been named after Pocahontas . Her story has been romanticized over the years , and she is a subject of art , literature , and film . Many famous people have claimed to be among her descendants through her son Thomas , including members of the First Families of Virginia , First Lady Edith Wilson , American Western actor Glenn Strange , and astronomer Percival Lowell . ", "`` Savages '' is a song from the 1995 Disney animated film Pocahontas . It addresses themes of othering , xenophobia , and genocide . The song has been negatively received by critics , with some deeming it to be racist , arguing that it encourages the listener to dehumanise Native Americans . ", "Pocahontas is a village in Cape Girardeau County , Missouri , United States . The population was 114 at the 2010 census . It is part of the Cape Girardeau -- Jackson , MO-IL Metropolitan Statistical Area . ", "Pocahontas : An Original Walt Disney Records Soundtrack is the soundtrack to the 1995 Disney animated film , Pocahontas . It was released by Walt Disney Records on May 23 , 1995 on CD and audio cassette . The soundtrack contains songs from the film , including each instrumental song , written by Alan Menken and Stephen Schwartz , and conducted by David Friedman . The main songs were performed by artists : Judy Kuhn , Mel Gibson , Linda Hunt , Jim Cummings , David Ogden Stiers , and Bobbi Page . The soundtrack features two hit singles ; `` Colors of the Wind '' performed by singer and actress Vanessa Williams , and the film 's love theme song `` If I Never Knew You '' performed by recording artists Jon Secada and Shanice . On August 7 , 2015 , in honor of the 20th anniversary of the film , a new edition of the soundtrack was released as part of the Walt Disney Records : The Legacy Collection series . The new edition includes the film 's complete original soundtrack in chronological order , along with six demo recordings in a two-disc set . There are 28 tracks on disc one , and 8 tracks on disc two . This release includes the song `` If I Never Knew You '' , performed by Judy Kuhn and Mel Gibson in the film . The original song performed by the characters was cut from the film , and not included on the original soundtrack . The song was put back into the movie when it was re-released for the 10th anniversary of the film , and finally featured on the new edition of the soundtrack . ", "John Rolfe -LRB- 1585 -- 1622 -RRB- was one of the early English settlers of North America . He is credited with the first successful cultivation of tobacco as an export crop in the Colony of Virginia and is known as the husband of Pocahontas , daughter of the chief of the Powhatan . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 1, 1 ]

[ "2017_Premier_League_Asia_Trophy", "Premier_League_Asia_Trophy", "Champions_League_Twenty20", "S.League", "GCC_Champions_League" ]

[ "The 2017 Premier League Asia Trophy is the eighth edition of the Premier League Asia Trophy . Crystal Palace , Liverpool , Leicester City and West Bromwich Albion competed for the Premier League Asia Trophy . It wiil be held in Hong Kong at the Hong Kong Stadium from 19 -- 22 July 2017 . It is the first edition with four premier league teams to compete and therefore not feature a side from the host country . ", "The Premier League Asia Trophy -LRB- formerly the FA Premier League Asia Cup -RRB- is a pre-season association football friendly tournament held biennial in Asia . The two-day competition was inaugurated in 2003 and is `` the only Premier League-affiliated competition '' to be hosted outside England . It has taken place every other summer since then in order to avoid conflicting with the FIFA World Cup and the UEFA European Championship . For sponsorship purposes , it is referred to as the Barclays Asia Trophy . The competition features three clubs that are members of the Premier League at the time , as well as a local team from the host country . It employs a knockout system in which the winners of the first matches advance to the final , while the losing teams take part in a third place playoff . The tournament format will be partly modified for the 2017 edition , with no local team participating after the withdrawal of Shanghai SIPG . A fourth Premier League club -- Crystal Palace -- agreed to take their place at the last-minute having avoided relegation , marking the first time the tournament has featured teams solely from the Premier League . Chelsea won the inaugural tournament in 2003 , and finished victorious in another in 2011 . Five other sides have won the Premier League Asia Trophy : Bolton Wanderers in 2005 , Portsmouth in 2007 , Tottenham Hotspur in 2009 , Manchester City in 2013 , and Arsenal in 2015 . Chelsea , Tottenham , Man City , Everton , and South China are the most regular participants , having each contested the tournament on two occasions . Thailand 's under-23 national team are the only local Asian side to advance to the finals of the contest . Hong Kong has hosted the tournament three times , more than any other city . ", "The Champions League Twenty20 , also referred to as the CLT20 , was an annual international Twenty20 Cricket competition played between the top domestic teams from major cricketing nations . The competition was launched in 2008 with the first edition held in October 2009 . It was jointly owned by the BCCI , Cricket Australia and Cricket South Africa , and was chaired by N. Srinivasan , who was also the chairman of the ICC . Sundar Raman was the Chief Operating Officer -LRB- COO -RRB- of the CLT20 as well as the IPL . The tournament was held between September and October for a period of two to three weeks in either India or South Africa . It had a total prize pool of US$ 6 million , with the winning team receiving $ 2.5 million , the highest for a club cricket tournament in history . The format involved the best teams from the premier Twenty20 competitions of eight Test-playing nations , favouring the teams from India , Australia and South Africa . Owing to poor viewership , lack of audience interest , unstable sponsorships and lack of other necessary factors , the three founding cricket boards announced on 15 July 2015 that the tournament would be scrapped , thus the 2014 Champions League Twenty20 was the last series of the tournament . ", "The S.League is the Singaporean professional league for men 's association football clubs . At the highest level of domestic football competition in Singapore , it is the country 's primary football competition . Contested by nine clubs , it consists of three rounds in which each team plays every other team once . Clubs from Brunei , China , France , Japan and Korea have been invited to take part in the league to raise its level of competitiveness and profile . The S.League is run by the Football Association of Singapore . Seasons run from February to October , with teams playing 24 matches each , totalling 108 matches in the season . It is currently sponsored by Great Eastern Life and Hyundai Motor Company , and thus officially known as the Great Eastern Hyundai S.League for sponsorship reasons . Since the inception of S.League in 1996 , a total of 6 clubs have been crowned champions . Warriors have been the most successful club with 9 titles , followed by Tampines Rovers -LRB- 5 -RRB- , Geylang International -LRB- 2 -RRB- and Home United -LRB- 2 -RRB- . Étoile -LRB- 1 -RRB- and Brunei DPMM -LRB- 1 -RRB- became the foreign club to win the competition in 2010 and 2015 . The current champions are Albirex Niigata -LRB- S -RRB- , who won the title in the 2016 season . ", "The GCC Champions League , formerly known as the Gulf Cup for Clubs , is an annually organized football league tournament for clubs of the Arabian peninsula . The tournament was first organized in 1982 and is currently in its 31st edition . Although having much popularity in its initial first decades , the tournament faced decline as the Asian Champions League and AFC Cup forced many Gulf clubs to be unable to participate in the competition . On June 26 , 2016 it was announced to be a yearly tournament by the host country in the summer alongside the newly founded Gulf Cup winners Cup starting in the 2017 GCC Champions League " ]

[ 0, 1, 1, 0, 0 ]

[ "Ayananka_Bose", "Bangalore_Days", "Ashtamangalyam", "Nenjam_Marappathillai_-LRB-2017_film-RRB-", "Nithyakanyaka" ]

[ "Ayananka Bose is an Indian cinematographer of Bollywood movies . He studied cinematography at the Film and Television Institute of Tamil Nadu , Chennai . He won the best cinematographer of Zee Cine Awards for the movie Kites in 2011 . ", "Box office = 45 crore rs Bangalore Days is a 2014 Indian Malayalam-language romantic-comedy drama film written and directed by Anjali Menon , and co-produced by Anwar Rasheed and Sophia Paul under the banner Anwar Rasheed Entertainments and Weekend Blockbusters . The film features an ensemble cast consisting of Dulquer Salmaan , Nazriya Nazim , Nivin Pauly , Fahadh Faasil , Isha Talwar , Parvathy and Nithya Menon in pivotal roles . The plot revolves around three cousins from Kerala who move to Bangalore , continuing Menon 's trend of films about family relationships . The film received positive reviews from critics and collected in its first week . Its final gross collection was about , making it one of the highest-grossing films in Malayalam . The remake rights of the film , for Tamil , Telugu and Hindi languages , was jointly acquired by Dil Raju and PVP Cinemas . The film received three Kerala State Film Awards including Best Actor and Best Actress awards for Nivin Pauly and Nazriya Nazim respectively , and Best Screenplay for Anjali Menon . The film was later remade in Tamil as Bangalore Naatkal -LRB- 2016 -RRB- , directed by Bommarillu Bhaskar . ", "Ashtamangalyam is a 1977 Indian Malayalam film , directed by P Gopikumar and produced by KH Khan Sahib . The film stars Kamalahasan , Kanakadurga , Mallika Sukumaran , P. K. Abraham , Padmapriya in lead roles . The film had musical score by M. K. Arjunan . ", "Nenjam Marappathillai -LRB- The Soul Never Forgets -RRB- is an upcoming Tamil gothic horror film written and directed by Selvaraghavan and produced by Gautham Menon for Ondraga Entertainment and P. Madan for Escape Artists Motion Pictures . The film features S. J. Surya , Regina Cassandra and Nandita Swetha in the lead roles . Music composed by Yuvan Shankar Raja and cinematography by Arvind Krishna , Nenjam Marappathillai began production in January 2016 . ", "Nithyakanyaka is a 1963 Indian Malayalam-language film , directed by K. S. Sethumadhavan and produced by AK Balasubrahmaniam . The film stars Sathyan , Ragini , Thikkurissi Sukumaran Nair and Ambika in lead roles . The film had musical score by G. Devarajan . This film is based on Edhir Paradhathu -LRB- 1954 -RRB- , directed by Chitrapu Narayana Rao . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "The_Chaperone_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Joe_Butterfly", "Hotel_Splendide_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Dédé_-LRB-1935_film-RRB-", "Do_Chattane" ]

[ "The Chaperone is a 2011 American comedy film directed by Stephen Herek , and also produced by WWE Studios . It stars Triple H , Yeardley Smith , Ariel Winter , Kevin Corrigan , José Zúñiga , Kevin Rankin , Enrico Colantoni , and Israel Boussard . ", "Joe Butterfly is a 1957 American comedy film directed by Jesse Hibbs starring Audie Murphy , George Nader and Keenan Wynn , with Burgess Meredith in the title role as a Japanese man . The movie was action star Murphy 's only outright comedy , and it suffered by comparison to the similar Teahouse of the August Moon , released seven months earlier . ", "Hotel Splendide is a 2000 British independent dark comedy film , written and directed by Terence Gross and starring Toni Collette and Daniel Craig . The film appeared in a number of British and European film festivals but was not released in the US , although it did appear on cable networks on channels catering to independent film . It is currently available in the UK on DVD and the US on DVR on demand . The film tells the story of the Blanche family who run a dark and dismal health resort on a remote island which is only accessible by ferry . The spa program consists of feeding the guests seaweed and eel-based meals , then administering liberal colonic irrigation . The spa is run by the family matriarch , Dame Blanche , until her death . Things continue with her children running the resort until Kath , the resort 's former sous chef and the love interest of one of the sons , comes back to the island unannounced . Stranded between monthly ferries , she is a catalyst for a series of events that turns life as it is known at Hotel Splendide on its ear . ", "Dédé is a 1935 French comedy film directed by René Guissart , based on the operetta Dédé by Albert Willemetz , and starring Danielle Darrieux , Albert Préjean and Mireille Perrey . The music is by Henri Christiné . ", "Do Chattane is a 1974 Bollywood action film directed by G. H. Sarin . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 0, 0 ]

[ "Pakistan_Movement", "Pakistan", "1994_in_Afghanistan", "Pakistan_Social_Democratic_Party", "List_of_members_of_the_National_Assembly_of_Pakistan_-LRB-1962–65-RRB-" ]

[ "The Pakistan Movement or Tehrik-e-Pakistan -LRB- -LSB- -- -RRB- was a religious political movement in the 1940s that aimed for and succeeded in the creation of Pakistan from the Muslim-majority areas of British Indian Empire . The movement progressed within India alongside the Indian independence movement , but the Pakistan Movement sought to establish a new nation-state that protected the religious identity and political interests of Muslims in South Asia . The first organised political movements were in Aligarh where another literary movement was led by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan that built the genesis of the Pakistan movement . An educational convention held in 1906 with joint efforts of Syed Ahmad Khan and Vikar-ul-Haq , the Muslim reformers took the movement to the political stage in the form of establishing the mainstream and then newly formed All-India Muslim League -LRB- AIML -RRB- , with prominent moderate leaders seeking to protect the basic rights of Muslims in the British Raj . During the initial stages of the movement , it adopted the vision of philosopher Iqbal after addressing at the convention of the AIML 's annual session . Muhammad Ali Jinnah 's constitutional struggle further helped gaining public support for the movement in the four provinces . Urdu poets such as Iqbal and Faiz used literature , poetry and speech as a powerful tool for political awareness . Feminists such as Sheila Pant and Fatima Jinnah championed the emancipation of Pakistan 's women and their participation in national politics . The Pakistan Movement was led by a large and diversified group of people whose struggle ultimately resulted in the British Empire announcing the Indian Independence Act 1947 , which created the independent dominions of India and Pakistan . The Pakistan Movement was the result of a series of social , political , and intellectual transformations in Pakistani society , government , and ways of thinking . Efforts and struggles of the Founding Fathers resulted in the creation of the democratic and independent government . In the following years , another nationally -- minded subset went on to established a strong government , followed by the military intervention in 1958 . Grievousness and unbalanced economic distribution caused an upheaval which led East Pakistan to declare independence as the People 's Republic of Bangladesh in 1971 . After a strong concessions and consents reached in 1973 , the new Constitution established a relatively strong government , institutions , national courts , a legislature that represented both states in the Senate and population in the National Assembly . Pakistan 's phase shift to republicanism , and the gradually increasing democracy , caused an upheaval of traditional social hierarchy and gave birth to the ethic that has formed a core of political values in Pakistan . ", "Pakistan -LRB- -LSB- pɑːkᵻˈstɑːn -RSB- -LSB- -RRB- , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan -LRB- -LSB- -RRB- , is a federal parliamentary republic in South Asia on the crossroads of Central and Western Asia . It is the sixth-most populous country with a population exceeding 201 million people . In terms of area , it is the 33rd-largest country spanning 881,913 km2 . Pakistan has a 1,046 km coastline along the Arabian Sea and its Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by India to the east , Afghanistan to the west , Iran to the southwest , and China in the far northeast , respectively . It is separated from Tajikistan by Afghanistan 's narrow Wakhan Corridor in the north , and also shares a maritime border with Oman . The territory that now constitutes Pakistan is considered a cradle of civilisation that was previously home to several ancient cultures , including the Mehrgarh of the Neolithic and the Bronze Age Indus Valley Civilisation , and later home to kingdoms ruled by people of different faiths and cultures , including Hindus , Indo-Greeks , Muslims , Turco-Mongols , Afghans , and Sikhs . The area has been ruled by numerous empires and dynasties , including the Persian Achaemenid Empire , Alexander of Macedonia , the Indian Mauryan Empire , the Arab Umayyad Caliphate , the Delhi Sultanate , the Mongol Empire , the Mughal Empire , the Durrani Empire , the Sikh Empire , and most recently , the British Empire . Pakistan is unique among Muslim countries in that it is the only country to have been created in the name of Islam . As a result of the Pakistan Movement led by Muhammad Ali Jinnah and the subcontinent 's struggle for independence , Pakistan was created in 1947 as an independent homeland for South Asian Muslims . It is an ethnically and linguistically diverse country , with a similarly diverse geography and wildlife . Initially a dominion , Pakistan adopted a constitution in 1956 , becoming an Islamic republic . An ethnic civil war in 1971 resulted in the secession of East Pakistan as the new country of Bangladesh . In 1973 Pakistan adopted a new constitution establishing , alongside its pre-existing parliamentary republic status , a federal government based in Islamabad consisting of four provinces and four federal territories . The new constitution also stipulated that all laws were to conform to the injunctions of Islam as laid down in the Quran and Sunnah . A regional and middle power , Pakistan has the sixth-largest standing armed forces in the world and is also a nuclear power as well as a declared nuclear-weapons state , being the second in South Asia and the only nation in the Muslim world to have that status . Pakistan has a semi-industrialised economy with a well-integrated agriculture sector , and a growing services sector . The Pakistani economy is the 24th-largest in the world in terms of purchasing power and the 41st-largest in terms of nominal GDP -LRB- World Bank -RRB- . It is ranked among the emerging and growth-leading economies of the world , and is backed by one of the world 's largest and fastest-growing middle classes . The post-independence history of Pakistan has been characterised by periods of military rule , and since 2008 a transition to democracy , amid conflicts with neighbouring India . The country continues to face challenging problems such as illiteracy , healthcare , and corruption , but has substantially reduced poverty and terrorism and expanded per capita income . Pakistan is a member of the United Nations , the Non-Aligned Movement , the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation , the Commonwealth of Nations , the ECO , the SAARC , the Developing Eight , and the G20 developing nations , Group of 24 , Group of 77 , and ECOSOC . It is also an associate member of CERN . Pakistan is a signatory to the Kyoto Protocol , the Paris Agreement , and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights . ", "Destructive and inconclusive fighting between forces loyal to Prime Minister Hekmatyar and troops loyal to President Rabbani results in the disintegration of central state authority and weaken the cohesion of the multinational state . Kabul remains divided into zones controlled by rival groups . A blockade of Kabul leads to fighting in northern Afghanistan over a tenuous road link to neighboring Tajikistan . The prolonged bombardment reduces most of the Afghan capital to ruins and causes 75 % of Kabul 's population of two million to flee the area . Outside Kabul the central government 's authority all but disappears . Under the protection of Gen. Abdul Rashid Dostum , an Afghan Uzbek , Mazar-i-Sharif , the largest industrial complex in Afghanistan , enjoys relative stability . In Jalalabad local political groups and commanders cooperate to provide basic public services . In Kandahar local rivalries slow reconstruction . Herat is generally peaceful and secure and begins to reclaim its traditional role as commercial centre along trade routes with neighbouring Iran and Turkmenistan . International rivalries continue to agitate Afghanistan 's divided society . The country 's large Shi`ite minority and the 1.8 million Afghan refugees in neighbouring Iran automatically give Tehran a role in Afghan affairs . Saudi Arabia becomes involved by supporting factions it sees as a counterweight to Iranian influence . Pakistan 's role is even more crucial . Not only does Pakistan give refuge to 1.5 million Afghan refugees , but it is permanent home to a section of the Pashtun ethnic group , which traditionally plays a leading role in Afghan politics . India and China view the strengthening of Islamic fundamentalism in Afghanistan as a danger to their own authority in Kashmir and Sinkiang , respectively , while other countries throughout the world are concerned about terrorists trained by Afghanistan 's warring factions and the country 's expanding drug trafficking . Serious international attention to Afghanistan remains distracted , however , both by the apparent unwillingness of Afghan leaders to cooperate and by attention to international crises elsewhere . ", "The Pakistan Social Democratic Party is a political party in Pakistan . In 2002 , with a wristwatch as the party 's symbol on the ballot , it fielded one candidate in the National Assembly elections and the regional assembly elections , but won no seats . In 2004 the Electoral Commission asked the party , and ten other parties , to have its submitted statement of account audited by a chartered accountant and re-submitted . -LRB- 34 parties had submitted no statements of account at all , and faced disqualification . -RRB- Pakistan Social Democratic Party is run by Mr. Mujib Ur Rehman Kiani Advocate , Islamabad as Chairman of the Party and he is reorganising the party and the Election commission of Pakistan has been informed by the Secretary of Party vide its letter dated 11 the April 2012 and Mr. Irfan Kausar , Deputy Director , confirmed about the newly elected Chairman of the Party and party will participate in next election . The comprehensive manifesto of the party was printed and circulated during its years in active politics . Its founder is author of a publication named ` Responsible Politics ' , widely sold during the time of its publication . It laid down the predictions and expectations of on coming politics in Pakistan . ", "The 3rd Parliament of Pakistan was the unicameral legislature of Pakistan formed after the 4 years of Martial Law . There were 156 seats of members of Parliament , including 78 from East Bengal and 78 from West Pakistan . " ]

[ 0, 2, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Trouble_with_the_Curve", "Ron_Howard", "The_Paper_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Hustle_&_Flow", "Terrence_Howard" ]

[ "Trouble with the Curve is a 2012 sports-drama film directed by Robert Lorenz , and starring Clint Eastwood , Amy Adams , Justin Timberlake , Matthew Lillard and John Goodman . The film revolves around an aging baseball scout whose daughter joins him on a scouting trip . Filming began in March 2012 , and the film was released on September 21 , 2012 . This was Eastwood 's first acting project since 2008 's Gran Torino and his first acting role in a film he did not direct since his cameo in 1995 's Casper . A year after its release the film became the subject of a plagiarism lawsuit by a producer alleging that his former partner had taken an unfinished script after a dispute and conspired with his agent and Warner Brothers to present it as the work of a relative unknown . ", "Ronald William `` Ron '' Howard -LRB- born March 1 , 1954 -RRB- is an American actor and filmmaker . Howard is best known for playing two high-profile roles in television sitcoms in his youth and directing a number of successful feature films later in his career . Howard first came to prominence playing young Opie Taylor in the sitcom The Andy Griffith Show for eight years and later playing teenager Richie Cunningham in the sitcom Happy Days for seven years . He appeared in the musical film The Music Man -LRB- 1962 -RRB- , the comedy film The Courtship of Eddie 's Father -LRB- 1963 -RRB- , the coming of age film American Graffiti -LRB- 1973 -RRB- , the western film The Shootist -LRB- 1976 -RRB- , and the comedy film Grand Theft Auto -LRB- 1977 -RRB- , which he also directed . In 1980 , Howard left Happy Days to focus on directing . His films include : the science-fiction/fantasy film Cocoon -LRB- 1985 -RRB- , the historical docudrama Apollo 13 -LRB- 1995 -RRB- , the biographical drama A Beautiful Mind -LRB- 2001 -RRB- -LRB- earning him the Academy Award for Best Director -RRB- , and the thriller The Da Vinci Code -LRB- 2006 -RRB- . In 2002 , Howard narrated the Fox comedy series , Arrested Development , on which he would also serve as producer and play a semi-fictionalized version of himself . In 2003 , Howard was awarded the National Medal of Arts . Asteroid 12561 Howard is named after him . He was inducted into the Television Hall of Fame in 2013 . Howard has two stars on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for his contributions in the television and motion pictures industries . ", "The Paper is a 1994 American comedy-drama film directed by Ron Howard and starring Michael Keaton , Glenn Close , Marisa Tomei , Randy Quaid and Robert Duvall . It received an Academy Award nomination for Best Original Song for `` Make Up Your Mind '' , which was written and performed by Randy Newman . The film depicts a hectic 24 hours in a newspaper editor 's professional and personal life . The main story of the day is the murder of a couple of visiting businessmen . The reporters discover evidence suggesting a police cover-up of evidence of the suspects ' innocence , and rush to scoop the story in the midst of professional , private and financial chaos . ", "Hustle & Flow is a 2005 American independent drama film written and directed by Craig Brewer and produced by John Singleton and Stephanie Allain . It was released on July 22 , 2005 . Terrence Howard stars as a Memphis hustler and pimp who faces his aspiration to become a rapper . The film is dedicated to Sun Records founder Sam Phillips . The film won the Academy Award for Best Original Song for Three 6 Mafia 's song `` It 's Hard out Here for a Pimp '' . Howard was nominated for Best Actor . ", "Terrence Dashon Howard -LRB- born March 11 , 1969 -RRB- is an American actor and singer . Having his first major roles in the 1995 films Dead Presidents and Mr. Holland 's Opus , Howard broke into the mainstream with a succession of television and cinema roles between 2004 and 2006 . He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor for his role in Hustle & Flow . Howard has had prominent roles in many other movies including Winnie , Ray , Lackawanna Blues , Crash , Four Brothers , Get Rich or Die Tryin ' , Idlewild , August Rush , The Brave One and Prisoners . Howard played James Rhodes in Iron Man and reprised the role in the video game adaptation . However , he was replaced by Don Cheadle for the future films . He currently stars as the lead character Lucious Lyon in the television series Empire . His debut album , Shine Through It , was released in September 2008 . " ]

[ 1, 2, 0, 1, 1 ]

[ "The_Good_German", "Das_Paar_im_Kahn", "Two_Good_Comrades", "The_Great_Unknown_-LRB-1927_film-RRB-", "Made_in_Heaven_-LRB-1952_film-RRB-" ]

[ "The Good German is a 2006 film adaptation of Joseph Kanon 's eponymous 2001 novel . It was directed by Steven Soderbergh , and stars George Clooney , Cate Blanchett , and Tobey Maguire . Set in Berlin following the Allied victory over the Nazis , it begins as a murder mystery but weaves in elements involving the American postwar employment of Nazi rocket scientists in Operation Paperclip . The film was shot in black-and-white and is designed to imitate the appearance of film noir from the 1940s , although it also includes material -- such as sex scenes and swearing -- that would have been prohibited by the Production Code . Its poster is an homage to the poster for the classic film Casablanca -LRB- 1942 , also a Warner Bros. film -RRB- , as is the closing scene at an airport . The DVD release presents the film in the 1.33:1 aspect ratio which declined in use from about 1953 , though the theatrical release used the slightly more modern but still unusual 1.66:1 ratio . The film received mixed reviews and grossed $ 5.9 million worldwide against a budget of $ 32 million . ", "Das Paar im Kahn is a 2004 Swiss German language television film that was filmed and produced at locations in Basel respectively in Switzerland and in France . It is the first film of the six-episode serial starring Mathias Gnädinger as Kommissär Hunkeler . ", "Two Good Comrades -LRB- German : Zwei gute Kameraden -RRB- is a 1933 German war comedy film directed by Max Obal and starring Paul Hörbiger , Fritz Kampers and Jessie Vihrog . The film 's art direction was by Robert A. Dietrich and Bruno Lutz . ", "The Great Unknown -LRB- German : Der große Unbekannte -RRB- is a 1927 German silent crime film directed by Manfred Noa and starring Jack Trevor , Arthur Kraußneck and Andrée Lafayette . It is based on a novel by Edgar Wallace . The film 's sets were designed by the art director Karl Machus . ", "Made in Heaven is a 1952 British Technicolor comedy film directed by John Paddy Carstairs which stars David Tomlinson , Petula Clark and Sonja Ziemann . The screenplay was based on a story by William Douglas-Home . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Indian_National_Congress", "Madras_Mahajana_Sabha", "C._Jambulingam_Mudaliar", "Azad_Hind_Dal", "South_African_Indian_Council" ]

[ "The Indian National Congress -LRB- INC , often called Congress -RRB- is a broad-based political party in India . Founded in 1885 , the Congress led India to independence from Great Britain , and powerfully influenced other anti-colonial nationalist movements in the British Empire . After India 's independence in 1947 , the Congress formed the government at center in most instances , and also many regional state governments . The Congress is a secular , left-of-centre , party . Although it did not fare well in the last general elections in India in 2014 , it remains one of two major , nationwide , political parties in India , along with the right-wing , Hindu nationalist , Bhartiya Janata Party -LRB- BJP -RRB- . The Congress was the first modern nationalist movement to emerge in the British Empire in Asia and Africa . It was founded in Bombay in late December 1885 , during the British Raj in India . Its principal founders were , Allan Octavian Hume -LRB- a former administrator of Etawah district , North-Western Provinces , and pioneering ornithologist of India -RRB- , as well as William Wedderburn , Pherozeshah Mehta , Dadabhai Naoroji , Dinshaw Wacha , and others . From the late 19th-century , and especially after 1920 , under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi , Congress became the principal leader of the Indian independence movement , with over 15 million members and over 70 million participants . After independence in 1947 , Congress became India 's dominant political party ; , in the 15 general elections since independence , it has won an outright majority on six occasions and has led the ruling coalition a further four times , heading the central government for 49 years . There have been seven Congress Prime Ministers , the first being Jawaharlal Nehru -LRB- 1947 -- 64 -RRB- , and the most recent Manmohan Singh -LRB- 2004 -- 14 -RRB- . The party 's social liberal platform is generally considered to be on the centre-left of Indian politics . From 2004 to 2014 , the Congress-led United Progressive Alliance , a coalition of several regional parties , formed the Indian government and was headed by Prime Minister Manmohan Singh . As of March 2017 , the party is in power in five states : Punjab , Himachal Pradesh , Karnataka , Meghalaya and Mizoram . In Bihar , it is a part of the ruling coalition . The Congress has previously directly ruled Andhra Pradesh , Tamil Nadu , Gujarat , Madhya Pradesh , Rajasthan , Uttar Pradesh and Goa . In the 2014 general election , the Congress had its poorest post-independence general election performance , winning only 44 seats of the 543-member house . The Congress ' social policy is based upon the Gandhian principle of Sarvodaya -- the lifting up of all sections of society -- which involves the improvement of the lives of economically underprivileged and socially marginalised people . The party primarily endorses social liberalism -- seeking to balance individual liberty and social justice , and secularism -- asserting the right to be free from religious rule and teachings . ", "Madras Mahajana Sabha was an Indian nationalist organisation based in the Madras Presidency . Along with the Poona Sarvajanik Sabha , Bombay Presidency Association and the Indian Association , it is considered to be a predecessor of the Indian National Congress . ", "C. Jambulingam Mudaliar CIE was an Indian politician and freedom-fighter who served as a civil court judge and member of the Madras Legislative Council . He was one of the foremost leaders of the Indian National Congress in the 1890s . He donated his lands freely to the madras presidency which later paved the way for the creation of Neyveli Lignite Corporation . ", "The Azad Hind Dal was a branch of the Indian Independence League that was formed during World War II to take administrative control of the Indian territories to fall to the Indian National Army starting with the latter 's Imphal campaign . The branch was created by Subhas Chandra Bose to replace the Indian Civil Service in areas of British India , and is also thought to have been the nascent concept of a one-party political , bureaucractic and civil administrative system similar to that of the Soviet Union or the Fascist states of the time . During the brief period that Azad Hind was in possession of small Indian territories around Imphal and Kohima during the U Go offensive between April and May 1944 , parties of the Azad Hind Dal were sent along with the INA contingents to take administrative charge and rehabilitation of these areas . ", "The South African Indian Council was a body created by the apartheid-era South African government in 1968 to make recommendations to the government about matters affecting Indians . It was the first time that Indians had enjoyed any sort of representation at the national level . Nonetheless , it was widely rejected by South African Indians . In 1974 , it was reconstituted as a body where 50 % of the members were elected by Indians -LRB- in the 1981 election for example , only 6 % of voted -RRB- . Amichand Rajbansi 's National People 's Party dominated the council , as it did the later House of Delegates in the Tricameral Parliament , although neither body enjoyed the support of the majority of Indians . Category : Organisations associated with apartheid Category : Indian diaspora in South Africa " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Aphrodite", "Aphrodite_Pandemos", "Judaism", "Eben-Ezer", "Mordecai_Paldiel" ]

[ "Aphrodite -LRB- -LSB- æfrəˈdaɪti -RSB- ; Greek : Αφροδίτη -LRB- Afrodíti -RRB- -RRB- is the Greek goddess of love , beauty , pleasure , and procreation . She is identified with the planet Venus ; her Roman equivalent is the goddess -LSB- Venus -LRB- mythology -RRB- , Venus -RSB- . Myrtle , roses , doves , sparrows and swans were sacred to her . In Hesiod 's Theogony , Aphrodite was created from the sea foam -LRB- aphros -RRB- produced by Uranus 's genitals , which had been severed by Cronus . In Homer 's Iliad , however , she is the daughter of Zeus and Dione . In Plato -LRB- Symposium , 180e -RRB- , these two origins are said to be of hitherto separate entities : Aphrodite Ourania -LRB- a transcendent , `` Heavenly '' Aphrodite -RRB- and Aphrodite Pandemos -LRB- Aphrodite common to `` all the people '' -RRB- . She had many other names , each emphasising a different aspect of the same goddess , or used by a different local cult . Thus she was also known as Cytherea -LRB- Lady of Cythera -RRB- and Cypris -LRB- Lady of Cyprus -RRB- , both of which claimed to be her place of birth . In Greek myth , the other gods feared that Aphrodite 's beauty might lead to conflict and war , through rivalry for her favours ; so Zeus married her off to Hephaestus . Despite this , Aphrodite followed her own inclinations , and had many lovers -- both gods , such as Ares , and men , such as Anchises . She played a role in the Eros and Psyche legend , and was both lover and surrogate mother of Adonis . Many lesser beings were said to be children of Aphrodite . ", "Aphrodite Pandemos -LRB- Πάνδημος `` common to all the people '' -RRB- , occurs as an epithet of the Greek goddess Aphrodite , and that in a twofold sense , first describing her as the goddess of low sensual pleasures as Venus vulgivaga or popularis , in opposition to Aphrodite Urania , or `` the heavenly Aphrodite '' . She was represented at Elis by Scopas riding on a ram . The second sense is that of Aphrodite uniting all the inhabitants of a country into one social or political body . In this respect she was worshipped at Athens along with Peitho -LRB- persuasion -RRB- , and her worship was said to have been instituted by Theseus at the time when he united the scattered townships into one great body of citizens . According to some authorities , it was Solon who erected the sanctuary of Aphrodite Pandemos , either because her image stood in the agora , or because the hetaerae had to pay the costs of its erection . The worship of Aphrodite Pandemos also occurs at Megalopolis in Arcadia , and at Thebes . A festival in honour of her is mentioned by Athenaeus . The sacrifices offered to her consisted of white goats . Pandemos occurs also as a surname of Eros . The goddess riding on a goat was also known as Aphrodite Epitragia , `` from a she-goat '' . According to Plutarch , she acquired this epithet from an episode in the life of Theseus when , by the recommendation of Apollo , the hero sacrificed a goat to Aphrodite before departing for Crete in hopes that she would guide him on his voyage . As Theseus sacrificed the customary she-goat , the animal was suddenly transformed into a male goat . ", "Judaism -LRB- from Iudaismus , derived from Greek Ἰουδαϊσμός , originally from Hebrew , Yehudah , `` Judah '' ; in Hebrew : , Yahadut , the distinctive characteristics of the Judean ethnos -RRB- is an ancient monotheistic Abrahamic religion , with the Torah as its foundational text -LRB- part of the larger text known as the Tanakh or Hebrew Bible -RRB- , and supplemental oral tradition represented by later texts such as the Midrash and the Talmud . It encompasses the religion , philosophy , culture and way of life of the Jewish people . Judaism is considered by religious Jews to be the expression of the covenantal relationship that God established with the Children of Israel . With between 14.5 and 17.4 million adherents worldwide , Judaism is the tenth-largest religion in the world . Judaism includes a wide corpus of texts , practices , theological positions , and forms of organization . Within Judaism there are a variety of movements , most of which emerged from Rabbinic Judaism , which holds that God revealed his laws and commandments to Moses on Mount Sinai in the form of both the Written and Oral Torah . Historically , this assertion was challenged by various groups such as the Sadducees and Hellenistic Judaism during the Second Temple period ; the Karaites and Sabbateans during the early and later medieval period ; and among segments of the modern non-Orthodox denominations . Modern branches of Judaism such as Humanistic Judaism may be nontheistic . Today , the largest Jewish religious movements are Orthodox Judaism -LRB- Haredi Judaism and Modern Orthodox Judaism -RRB- , Conservative Judaism and Reform Judaism . Major sources of difference between these groups are their approaches to Jewish law , the authority of the Rabbinic tradition , and the significance of the State of Israel . Orthodox Judaism maintains that the Torah and Jewish law are divine in origin , eternal and unalterable , and that they should be strictly followed . Conservative and Reform Judaism are more liberal , with Conservative Judaism generally promoting a more `` traditional '' interpretation of Judaism 's requirements than Reform Judaism . A typical Reform position is that Jewish law should be viewed as a set of general guidelines rather than as a set of restrictions and obligations whose observance is required of all Jews . Historically , special courts enforced Jewish law ; today , these courts still exist but the practice of Judaism is mostly voluntary . Authority on theological and legal matters is not vested in any one person or organization , but in the sacred texts and rabbis and scholars who interpret them . The history of Judaism spans more than 3,000 years . Judaism has its roots as a structured religion in the Middle East during the Bronze Age . Judaism is considered one of the oldest monotheistic religions . The Hebrews and Israelites were already referred to as `` Jews '' in later books of the Tanakh such as the Book of Esther , with the term Jews replacing the title `` Children of Israel '' . Judaism 's texts , traditions and values strongly influenced later Abrahamic religions , including Christianity , Islam and the Baha'i Faith . Many aspects of Judaism have also directly or indirectly influenced secular Western ethics and civil law . Jews are an ethnoreligious group and include those born Jewish and converts to Judaism . In 2015 , the world Jewish population was estimated at about 14.3 million , or roughly 0.2 % of the total world population . About 43 % of all Jews reside in Israel and another 43 % reside in the United States and Canada , with most of the remainder living in Europe , and other minority groups spread throughout South America , Asia , Africa , and Australia . ", "Eben-Ezer -LRB- , Even HaʿEzer , lit . stone of help -RRB- is the name of a location that is mentioned by the Books of Samuel as the scene of battles between the Israelites and Philistines . It is specified as having been less than a day 's journey by foot from Shiloh , near Aphek , in the neighbourhood of Mizpah , near the western entrance of the pass of Bethoron . However , its location has not been identified in modern times with much certainty , with some identifying it with Beit Iksa , and others with Dayr Aban . ", "Mordecai Paldiel born Markus Wajsfeld -LRB- March 10 , 1937 , Antwerp , Belgium -RRB- is a lecturer at Stern College -LRB- Yeshiva University -RRB- and Queens College in New York . He received a B.A. from Hebrew University and an M.A. and Ph.D. in Religion and Holocaust Studies from Temple University in Philadelphia . Paldiel is the former Director of the Department of the Righteous at Yad Vashem in Jerusalem . He has written several books devoted to the subject including The Path of the Righteous : Gentile Rescuers of Jews During the Holocaust published in 1993 by the KTAV Publishing House . Paldiel was born into a Hassidic family of Szlomo Wajsfeld , a diamond trader originally from Miechów near Kraków and Hinde née Labin from Uhnow -LRB- now Ukraine -RRB- as one of their five children before World War II . Thanks to a Catholic Priest who was able to smuggle them across the border , the family fled from Nazi occupied Belgium via France to Switzerland in 1940 when he was 3 years old . Later after the war the family emigrated to New York . " ]

[ 1, 1, 2, 0, 2 ]

[ "Robert_Zemeckis", "Robert_Hull", "Matthias_Kirste", "Robert_Teitel", "K_sreekuttan" ]

[ "Robert Lee Zemeckis -LRB- born May 14 , 1952 -RRB- is an American filmmaker and screenwriter frequently credited as an innovator in visual effects . Credited as `` one of the greatest visual storytellers in filmmaking '' , he first came to public attention in the 1980s as the director of Romancing the Stone -LRB- 1984 -RRB- and the science-fiction comedy Back to the Future film trilogy , as well as the live-action/animated comedy Who Framed Roger Rabbit -LRB- 1988 -RRB- . In the 1990s he diversified into more dramatic fare , including 1994 's Forrest Gump , for which he won an Academy Award for Best Director . The film itself won Best Picture . The movies he has directed have ranged across a wide variety of genres , for both adults and families . Zemeckis ' films are characterized by an interest in state-of-the-art special effects , including the early use of the insertion of computer graphics into live-action footage in Back to the Future Part II -LRB- 1989 -RRB- , and in Forrest Gump and the pioneering performance capture techniques seen in The Polar Express -LRB- 2004 -RRB- , Beowulf -LRB- 2007 -RRB- and A Christmas Carol -LRB- 2009 -RRB- . Though Zemeckis has often been pigeonholed as a director interested only in effects , his work has been defended by several critics , including David Thomson , who wrote that `` No other contemporary director has used special effects to more dramatic and narrative purpose . '' On April 27 , 2017 , Screen Junkies reported Zemeckis was in talks to direct a movie based on The Flash for the DC Extended Universe . ", "Robert Hull is an American television writer and producer . He is well known for his work on The CW Television Network drama/Mystery `` Veronica Mars '' and `` Gossip Girl '' as well as the Fox Television Network/Bad Robot drama `` Alcatraz '' produced by J.J. Abrams and the ABC fantasy/mystery series Once Upon a Time . ", "Matthias Kirste , born near Berlin , is a German cinematographer . Internationally , Kirste is mainly known for his work on the feature-films by Alexander Tuschinski . They met when they both studied at Hochschule der Medien . Since then , they often collaborated , and both share the cinematographer-credit , either of them taking turns at operating the camera depending on the scene . ", "Robert Teitel is an American film producer . Teitel produced the films Soul Food -LRB- 1997 -RRB- , Men of Honor -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , and the three films in the Barbershop series : Barbersop , Barbershop 2 : Back in Business , and Beauty Shop . He also co-produced of the television series Barbershop : The Series . A 1990 graduate of Columbia College Chicago , he has been associated with writer/director George Tillman , Jr. since they were students there . ", "he is an Indian film director famous for malayalam movie Ofaby and thakshashila.he is the brother of k jayakumar IAS and son of veteran director krishnan nair , and co brother of director/script writer renjith . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Buffy_the_Vampire_Slayer", "David_Solomon_-LRB-TV_producer-RRB-", "Danny_Strong", "Spike_-LRB-2008_film-RRB-", "David_Greenwalt" ]

[ "Buffy the Vampire Slayer is an American television series created by Joss Whedon under his production tag , Mutant Enemy Productions with later co-executive producers being Jane Espenson , David Fury , David Greenwalt , Doug Petrie , Marti Noxon , and David Solomon . The series premiered on March 10 , 1997 , on The WB and concluded on May 20 , 2003 , on UPN . The series narrative follows Buffy Summers -LRB- played by Sarah Michelle Gellar -RRB- , the latest in a line of young women known as `` Vampire Slayers '' , or simply `` Slayers '' . In the story , Slayers are `` called '' -LRB- chosen by fate -RRB- to battle against vampires , demons , and other forces of darkness . Like previous Slayers , Buffy is aided by a Watcher , who guides , teaches , and trains her . Unlike her predecessors , Buffy surrounds herself with a circle of loyal friends who become known as the `` Scooby Gang '' . The series received critical and popular acclaim , frequently being listed as one of the greatest TV shows of all time , and usually reached between four and six million viewers on original airings . Although such ratings are lower than successful shows on the `` big four '' networks -LRB- ABC , CBS , NBC , and Fox -RRB- , they were a success for the relatively new and smaller WB Television Network . Buffy 's success has led to hundreds of tie-in products , including novels , comics , and video games . The series has received attention in fandom -LRB- including fan films -RRB- , parody , and academia , and has influenced the direction of other television series . ", "David Solomon is an American television director and producer . He is well known for directing Buffy the Vampire Slayer between 1997 and 2003 . He also directed one episode of Firefly in 2002 , over a season of Las Vegas in 2004 and 2005 , one episode of Private Practice in 2007 and the first episode of the 2008 Knight Rider series . Some of Solomon 's other television credits include Dollhouse , The Gates , Nikita , Tru Calling , Chuck , Burn Notice , Once Upon a Time , Fringe and Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. . He also worked as an editor and producer on a number of Perry Mason television films . ", "Daniel W. `` Danny '' Strong -LRB- born June 6 , 1974 -RRB- is an American actor , screenwriter , and producer . As an actor , Strong is best known for his roles as Jonathan Levinson in Buffy the Vampire Slayer and Doyle McMaster in Gilmore Girls . He also wrote the screenplays for Recount , the HBO adaptation Game Change , Lee Daniels ' The Butler , and the two-part finale of The Hunger Games film trilogy , Mockingjay -- Part 1 and Mockingjay -- Part 2 . Strong also is a co-creator , executive producer , and writer for the Fox series Empire . Strong has won two Emmy Awards , two Writers Guild of America Awards , a Producers Guild of America Award , and a NAACP Image Award . ", "Spike is a 2008 horror-romance directed by Robert Beaucage , produced by String And A Can Productions , and starring Edward Gusts , Sarah Livingston Evans , Anna-Marie Wayne , Nancy P. Corbo , and Jared Edwards . The film has been described by Robert Hope as `` Angela Carter rewriting La Belle et la Bête as an episode of Buffy the Vampire Slayer . '' ", "David Greenwalt -LRB- born October 16 , 1949 -RRB- is an American screenwriter , director and producer . He was the co-executive producer of the TV series Buffy the Vampire Slayer and co-creator of its spinoff , Angel . He is also co-creator of the short-lived cult television show Profit . He co-created the NBC supernatural drama Grimm . " ]

[ 0, 2, 0, 2, 2 ]

[ "Quay_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Parade's_End_-LRB-TV_series-RRB-", "Manchester_by_the_Sea_-LRB-film-RRB-", "List_of_Homefront_episodes", "The_Grand_-LRB-TV_series-RRB-" ]

[ "Quay is a 2015 British short documentary film composed , shot , edited , produced , and directed by Christopher Nolan about animators Stephen and Timothy Quay . The film premiered at the Film Forum theatre in New York City on 19 August 2015 . ", "Parade 's End is a five-part BBC/HBO/VRT television serial , which is an adaptation of the tetralogy of novels -LRB- 1924-28 -RRB- of the same name by Ford Madox Ford . It premiered on BBC Two on 24 August 2012 and on HBO on 26 February 2013 . The series was also screened at the 39th Ghent Film Festival on 11 October 2012 . Its five episodes were directed by Susanna White and written by Tom Stoppard . The cast was led by Benedict Cumberbatch and Rebecca Hall as Christopher and Sylvia Tietjens , along with Adelaide Clemens , Rupert Everett , Miranda Richardson , Anne-Marie Duff , Roger Allam , Janet McTeer , Freddie Fox , Jack Huston , and Steven Robertson . The series received widespread critical acclaim and is often cited as `` the highbrow Downton Abbey '' . In its BBC Two premiere , it attracted 3.5 million viewers , making it BBC Two 's most watched drama since Rome aired in 2005 . The miniseries received six BAFTA TV nominations including Best Actress for Rebecca Hall and five Primetime Emmy Award nominations including Best Adapted Screenplay for Tom Stoppard and Best Actor for Benedict Cumberbatch . It won Best Costume Design at the BAFTAs . ", "Manchester by the Sea is a 2016 American drama film written and directed by Kenneth Lonergan , and starring Casey Affleck , Michelle Williams , Kyle Chandler , and Lucas Hedges . The plot follows a man who looks after his teenage nephew after his brother dies . The film premiered at the Sundance Film Festival on January 23 , 2016 and was soon picked up by Amazon Studios for distribution . It began a limited release on November 18 , 2016 , before going wide on December 16 , 2016 and grossed $ 74 million worldwide on an $ 8.5 million budget . Manchester by the Sea received critical acclaim upon its release and was counted among the best films of 2016 . Critics praised in particular Affleck 's performance , as well as Lonergan 's direction and screenplay . At the 89th Academy Awards , the film received six nominations : Best Picture , Best Director , Best Actor -LRB- Affleck -RRB- , Best Supporting Actor -LRB- Hedges -RRB- , Best Supporting Actress -LRB- Williams -RRB- , and Best Original Screenplay -- winning for Best Original Screenplay and Best Actor . It also won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor and was nominated in four more categories . ", "Homefront is an American television drama series created and produced by Lynn Marie Latham and Bernard Lechowick in association with Lorimar Television for ABC . The show was set in the fictional city of River Run , Ohio in 1945 , 1946 , and 1947 . The show 's theme song , `` Accentuate the Positive '' , was written by Johnny Mercer and performed by Jack Sheldon . Forty-two episodes were broadcast in the United States over two seasons from 1991 to 1993 . TV Guide , Abigail Van Buren , and fans showed determination in getting ABC to continue the show for a third season before it was cancelled . ", "The Grand is a British television drama series produced by Granada Television for the ITV network , broadcast between 4 April 1997 and 3 April 1998 . It was written by Russell T Davies and set in a grand hotel in Manchester in the 1920s . There are two series : eight episodes in the first series were broadcast from 4 April 1997 to 23 May 1997 and ten in the second series from 30 January 1998 to 3 April 1998 . All 18 episodes were written by Russell T Davies . The cast included Susan Hampshire , Julia St. John , Tim Healy , Michael Siberry , Stephen Moyer and Mark McGann . The two series were novelised by Catrin Collier , under the pen name Katherine Hardy . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 0, 0 ]

[ "Henry_III_of_England", "Henry_III_of_France", "Henry_IV_of_France", "Henry_V_of_England", "John,_King_of_England" ]

[ "Henry III -LRB- 1 October 1207 -- 16 November 1272 -RRB- , also known as Henry of Winchester , was King of England , Lord of Ireland and Duke of Aquitaine from 1216 until his death . The son of King John and Isabella of Angoulême , Henry assumed the throne when he was only nine in the middle of the First Barons ' War . Cardinal Guala declared the war against the rebel barons to be a religious crusade and Henry 's forces , led by William Marshal , defeated the rebels at the battles of Lincoln and Sandwich in 1217 . Henry promised to abide by the Great Charter of 1225 , which limited royal power and protected the rights of the major barons . His early rule was dominated first by Hubert de Burgh and then Peter des Roches , who re-established royal authority after the war . In 1230 the King attempted to reconquer the provinces of France that had once belonged to his father , but the invasion was a debacle . A revolt led by William Marshal 's son , Richard , broke out in 1232 , ending in a peace settlement negotiated by the Church . Following the revolt , Henry ruled England personally , rather than governing through senior ministers . He travelled less than previous monarchs , investing heavily in a handful of his favourite palaces and castles . He married Eleanor of Provence , with whom he had five children . Henry was known for his piety , holding lavish religious ceremonies and giving generously to charities ; the King was particularly devoted to the figure of Edward the Confessor , whom he adopted as his patron saint . He extracted huge sums of money from the Jews in England , ultimately crippling their ability to do business , and as attitudes towards the Jews hardened , he introduced the Statute of Jewry , attempting to segregate the community . In a fresh attempt to reclaim his family 's lands in France , he invaded Poitou in 1242 , leading to the disastrous Battle of Taillebourg . After this , Henry relied on diplomacy , cultivating an alliance with Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II . Henry supported his brother Richard in his bid to become King of the Romans in 1256 , but was unable to place his own son Edmund on the throne of Sicily , despite investing large amounts of money . He planned to go on crusade to the Levant , but was prevented from doing so by rebellions in Gascony . By 1258 , Henry 's rule was increasingly unpopular , the result of the failure of his expensive foreign policies and the notoriety of his Poitevin half-brothers , the Lusignans , as well as the role of his local officials in collecting taxes and debts . A coalition of his barons , initially probably backed by Eleanor , seized power in a coup d'état and expelled the Poitevins from England , reforming the royal government through a process called the Provisions of Oxford . Henry and the baronial government enacted a peace with France in 1259 , under which Henry gave up his rights to his other lands in France in return for King Louis IX of France recognising him as the rightful ruler of Gascony . The baronial regime collapsed but Henry was unable to reform a stable government and instability across England continued . In 1263 one of the more radical barons , Simon de Montfort , seized power , resulting in the Second Barons ' War . Henry persuaded Louis to support his cause and mobilised an army . The Battle of Lewes occurred in 1264 , where Henry was defeated and taken prisoner . Henry 's eldest son , Edward , escaped from captivity to defeat de Montfort at the Battle of Evesham the following year and freed his father . Henry initially enacted a harsh revenge on the remaining rebels , but was persuaded by the Church to mollify his policies through the Dictum of Kenilworth . Reconstruction was slow and Henry had to acquiesce to various measures , including further suppression of the Jews , to maintain baronial and popular support . Henry died in 1272 , leaving Edward as his successor . He was buried in Westminster Abbey , which he had rebuilt in the second half of his reign , and was moved to his current tomb in 1290 . Some miracles were declared after his death but he was not canonised . ", "Henry III -LRB- 19 September 1551 -- 2 August 1589 ; born Alexandre Édouard de France , Henryk Walezy , Henrikas Valua -RRB- was a monarch of the House of Valois who was elected the monarch of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth from 1573 to 1575 and ruled as King of France from 1574 until his death . He was the last French monarch of the Valois dynasty . As the fourth son of King Henry II of France and Catherine de ' Medici , Henry was not expected to assume the throne of France . He was thus a good candidate for the vacant Commonwealth throne , and he was elected with the dual titles King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania . Henry 's rule over the Commonwealth was brief , but notable . The Henrician Articles he signed into law accepting the Commonwealth throne established Poland as an elective monarchy subject to free election by the Polish nobility . Of his three older brothers , two would live long enough to ascend the French throne , but both died young and without a legitimate male heir . He abandoned Commonwealth upon receiving word that he had inherited the throne of France at the age of 22 . The kingdom of France was at the time plagued by the Wars of Religion , and Henry 's authority was undermined by violent political parties funded by foreign powers : the Catholic League -LRB- supported by Spain -RRB- , the Protestant Huguenots -LRB- supported by England and the Dutch -RRB- and the Malcontents , led by Henry 's own brother , the Duke of Alençon , which was a party of Catholic and Protestant aristocrats who jointly opposed the absolutist ambitions of the king . Henry III was himself a politique , arguing that a strong and religiously tolerant monarchy would save France from collapse . After the death of Henry 's younger brother Francis , Duke of Anjou , and when it became apparent that Henry would not produce an heir , the Wars of Religion grew into a succession crisis that resulted in a war known as the War of the Three Henrys . Henry III 's legitimate heir was his distant cousin Henry , King of Navarre , a Protestant . The Catholic League , led by Henry I , Duke of Guise , sought to exclude Protestants from the succession and championed the Catholic Charles , Cardinal of Bourbon , as Henry III 's heir . In 1589 , Jacques Clément , a Catholic fanatic , murdered Henry III , who was succeeded by the King of Navarre who , as Henry IV , would assume the throne of France after converting to Catholicism , and become the first French king of the House of Bourbon . ", "Henry IV -LRB- Henri IV , read as Henri-Quatre -LSB- ɑ̃ʁi.katʁ -RSB- ; 13 December 1553 -- 14 May 1610 -RRB- , also known by the epithet `` Good King Henry '' , was King of Navarre -LRB- as Henry III -RRB- from 1572 to 1610 and King of France from 1589 to 1610 . He was the first French monarch of the House of Bourbon , a branch of the Capetian dynasty . Baptised as a Catholic but raised in the Protestant faith by his mother Jeanne d'Albret , Queen of Navarre , he inherited the throne of Navarre in 1572 on the death of his mother . As a Huguenot , Henry was involved in the French Wars of Religion , barely escaping assassination in the St. Bartholomew 's Day massacre , and later led Protestant forces against the royal army . Henry , as Head of the House of Bourbon , was a direct male-line descendant of Louis IX of France , and `` first prince of the blood '' . Upon the death of his brother-in-law and distant cousin Henry III of France in 1589 , Henry was called to the French succession by the Salic law . He initially kept the Protestant faith and had to fight against the Catholic League , which denied that he could wear France 's crown as a Protestant . To obtain mastery over his kingdom , after four years of stalemate , he found it prudent to abjure the Calvinist faith . As a pragmatic politician -LRB- in the parlance of the time , a politique -RRB- , he displayed an unusual religious tolerance for the era . Notably , he promulgated the Edict of Nantes -LRB- 1598 -RRB- , which guaranteed religious liberties to Protestants , thereby effectively ending the Wars of Religion . He was assassinated in 1610 by François Ravaillac , a fanatical Catholic , and was succeeded by his son Louis XIII . Considered a usurper by some Catholics and a traitor by some Protestants , Henry became target of at least 12 assassination attempts . An unpopular king immediately after his accession , Henry 's popularity greatly improved after his death , in light of repeated victories over his enemies and his conversion to Catholicism . The `` Good King Henry '' -LRB- le bon roi Henri -RRB- was remembered for his geniality and his great concern about the welfare of his subjects . He was celebrated in the popular song Vive le roi Henri and in Voltaire 's Henriade . ", "Henry V -LRB- 9 August 1386 -- 31 August 1422 -RRB- was King of England from 1413 until his death at the age of 36 in 1422 . He was the second English monarch who came from the House of Lancaster . After military experience fighting the Welsh during the revolt of Owain Glyndŵr , and against the powerful aristocratic Percys of Northumberland at the Battle of Shrewsbury , Henry came into political conflict with his father , whose health was increasingly precarious from 1405 onward . After his father 's death in 1413 , Henry assumed control of the country and embarked on war with France in the ongoing Hundred Years ' War -LRB- 1337 -- 1453 -RRB- between the two nations . His military successes culminated in his famous victory at the Battle of Agincourt -LRB- 1415 -RRB- and saw him come close to conquering France . After months of negotiation with Charles VI of France , the Treaty of Troyes -LRB- 1420 -RRB- recognised Henry V as regent and heir apparent to the French throne , and he was subsequently married to Charles 's daughter , Catherine of Valois -LRB- 1401 -- 37 -RRB- . Following Henry V 's sudden and unexpected death in France two years later , he was succeeded by his infant son , who reigned as Henry VI -LRB- 1422 -- 61 , 1470 -- 71 -RRB- . ", "John -LRB- 24 December 1166 -- 19 October 1216 -RRB- , also known as John Lackland -LRB- Norman French : Johan sanz Terre -RRB- , was King of England from 6 April 1199 until his death in 1216 . John lost the Duchy of Normandy to King Philip II of France , resulting in the collapse of most of the Angevin Empire and contributing to the subsequent growth in power of the Capetian dynasty during the 13th century . The baronial revolt at the end of John 's reign led to the sealing of Magna Carta , a document sometimes considered to be an early step in the evolution of the constitution of the United Kingdom . John , the youngest of five sons of King Henry II of England and Duchess Eleanor of Aquitaine , was at first not expected to inherit significant lands . Following the failed rebellion of his elder brothers between 1173 and 1174 , however , John became Henry 's favourite child . He was appointed the Lord of Ireland in 1177 and given lands in England and on the continent . John 's elder brothers William , Henry and Geoffrey died young ; by the time Richard I became king in 1189 , John was a potential heir to the throne . John unsuccessfully attempted a rebellion against Richard 's royal administrators whilst his brother was participating in the Third Crusade . Despite this , after Richard died in 1199 , John was proclaimed King of England , and came to an agreement with Philip II of France to recognise John 's possession of the continental Angevin lands at the peace treaty of Le Goulet in 1200 . When war with France broke out again in 1202 , John achieved early victories , but shortages of military resources and his treatment of Norman , Breton and Anjou nobles resulted in the collapse of his empire in northern France in 1204 . John spent much of the next decade attempting to regain these lands , raising huge revenues , reforming his armed forces and rebuilding continental alliances . John 's judicial reforms had a lasting impact on the English common law system , as well as providing an additional source of revenue . An argument with Pope Innocent III led to John 's excommunication in 1209 , a dispute finally settled by the king in 1213 . John 's attempt to defeat Philip in 1214 failed due to the French victory over John 's allies at the battle of Bouvines . When he returned to England , John faced a rebellion by many of his barons , who were unhappy with his fiscal policies and his treatment of many of England 's most powerful nobles . Although both John and the barons agreed to the Magna Carta peace treaty in 1215 , neither side complied with its conditions . Civil war broke out shortly afterwards , with the barons aided by Louis of France . It soon descended into a stalemate . John died of dysentery contracted whilst on campaign in eastern England during late 1216 ; supporters of his son Henry III went on to achieve victory over Louis and the rebel barons the following year . Contemporary chroniclers were mostly critical of John 's performance as king , and his reign has since been the subject of significant debate and periodic revision by historians from the 16th century onwards . Historian Jim Bradbury has summarised the current historical opinion of John 's positive qualities , observing that John is today usually considered a `` hard-working administrator , an able man , an able general '' . Nonetheless , modern historians agree that he also had many faults as king , including what historian Ralph Turner describes as `` distasteful , even dangerous personality traits '' , such as pettiness , spitefulness and cruelty . These negative qualities provided extensive material for fiction writers in the Victorian era , and John remains a recurring character within Western popular culture , primarily as a villain in films and stories depicting the Robin Hood legends . " ]

[ 2, 1, 1, 1, 2 ]

[ "Henry_III_of_England", "Henry_III_of_France", "Henry_IV_of_France", "Henry_V_of_England", "John,_King_of_England" ]

[ "Henry III -LRB- 1 October 1207 -- 16 November 1272 -RRB- , also known as Henry of Winchester , was King of England , Lord of Ireland and Duke of Aquitaine from 1216 until his death . The son of King John and Isabella of Angoulême , Henry assumed the throne when he was only nine in the middle of the First Barons ' War . Cardinal Guala declared the war against the rebel barons to be a religious crusade and Henry 's forces , led by William Marshal , defeated the rebels at the battles of Lincoln and Sandwich in 1217 . Henry promised to abide by the Great Charter of 1225 , which limited royal power and protected the rights of the major barons . His early rule was dominated first by Hubert de Burgh and then Peter des Roches , who re-established royal authority after the war . In 1230 the King attempted to reconquer the provinces of France that had once belonged to his father , but the invasion was a debacle . A revolt led by William Marshal 's son , Richard , broke out in 1232 , ending in a peace settlement negotiated by the Church . Following the revolt , Henry ruled England personally , rather than governing through senior ministers . He travelled less than previous monarchs , investing heavily in a handful of his favourite palaces and castles . He married Eleanor of Provence , with whom he had five children . Henry was known for his piety , holding lavish religious ceremonies and giving generously to charities ; the King was particularly devoted to the figure of Edward the Confessor , whom he adopted as his patron saint . He extracted huge sums of money from the Jews in England , ultimately crippling their ability to do business , and as attitudes towards the Jews hardened , he introduced the Statute of Jewry , attempting to segregate the community . In a fresh attempt to reclaim his family 's lands in France , he invaded Poitou in 1242 , leading to the disastrous Battle of Taillebourg . After this , Henry relied on diplomacy , cultivating an alliance with Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II . Henry supported his brother Richard in his bid to become King of the Romans in 1256 , but was unable to place his own son Edmund on the throne of Sicily , despite investing large amounts of money . He planned to go on crusade to the Levant , but was prevented from doing so by rebellions in Gascony . By 1258 , Henry 's rule was increasingly unpopular , the result of the failure of his expensive foreign policies and the notoriety of his Poitevin half-brothers , the Lusignans , as well as the role of his local officials in collecting taxes and debts . A coalition of his barons , initially probably backed by Eleanor , seized power in a coup d'état and expelled the Poitevins from England , reforming the royal government through a process called the Provisions of Oxford . Henry and the baronial government enacted a peace with France in 1259 , under which Henry gave up his rights to his other lands in France in return for King Louis IX of France recognising him as the rightful ruler of Gascony . The baronial regime collapsed but Henry was unable to reform a stable government and instability across England continued . In 1263 one of the more radical barons , Simon de Montfort , seized power , resulting in the Second Barons ' War . Henry persuaded Louis to support his cause and mobilised an army . The Battle of Lewes occurred in 1264 , where Henry was defeated and taken prisoner . Henry 's eldest son , Edward , escaped from captivity to defeat de Montfort at the Battle of Evesham the following year and freed his father . Henry initially enacted a harsh revenge on the remaining rebels , but was persuaded by the Church to mollify his policies through the Dictum of Kenilworth . Reconstruction was slow and Henry had to acquiesce to various measures , including further suppression of the Jews , to maintain baronial and popular support . Henry died in 1272 , leaving Edward as his successor . He was buried in Westminster Abbey , which he had rebuilt in the second half of his reign , and was moved to his current tomb in 1290 . Some miracles were declared after his death but he was not canonised . ", "Henry III -LRB- 19 September 1551 -- 2 August 1589 ; born Alexandre Édouard de France , Henryk Walezy , Henrikas Valua -RRB- was a monarch of the House of Valois who was elected the monarch of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth from 1573 to 1575 and ruled as King of France from 1574 until his death . He was the last French monarch of the Valois dynasty . As the fourth son of King Henry II of France and Catherine de ' Medici , Henry was not expected to assume the throne of France . He was thus a good candidate for the vacant Commonwealth throne , and he was elected with the dual titles King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania . Henry 's rule over the Commonwealth was brief , but notable . The Henrician Articles he signed into law accepting the Commonwealth throne established Poland as an elective monarchy subject to free election by the Polish nobility . Of his three older brothers , two would live long enough to ascend the French throne , but both died young and without a legitimate male heir . He abandoned Commonwealth upon receiving word that he had inherited the throne of France at the age of 22 . The kingdom of France was at the time plagued by the Wars of Religion , and Henry 's authority was undermined by violent political parties funded by foreign powers : the Catholic League -LRB- supported by Spain -RRB- , the Protestant Huguenots -LRB- supported by England and the Dutch -RRB- and the Malcontents , led by Henry 's own brother , the Duke of Alençon , which was a party of Catholic and Protestant aristocrats who jointly opposed the absolutist ambitions of the king . Henry III was himself a politique , arguing that a strong and religiously tolerant monarchy would save France from collapse . After the death of Henry 's younger brother Francis , Duke of Anjou , and when it became apparent that Henry would not produce an heir , the Wars of Religion grew into a succession crisis that resulted in a war known as the War of the Three Henrys . Henry III 's legitimate heir was his distant cousin Henry , King of Navarre , a Protestant . The Catholic League , led by Henry I , Duke of Guise , sought to exclude Protestants from the succession and championed the Catholic Charles , Cardinal of Bourbon , as Henry III 's heir . In 1589 , Jacques Clément , a Catholic fanatic , murdered Henry III , who was succeeded by the King of Navarre who , as Henry IV , would assume the throne of France after converting to Catholicism , and become the first French king of the House of Bourbon . ", "Henry IV -LRB- Henri IV , read as Henri-Quatre -LSB- ɑ̃ʁi.katʁ -RSB- ; 13 December 1553 -- 14 May 1610 -RRB- , also known by the epithet `` Good King Henry '' , was King of Navarre -LRB- as Henry III -RRB- from 1572 to 1610 and King of France from 1589 to 1610 . He was the first French monarch of the House of Bourbon , a branch of the Capetian dynasty . Baptised as a Catholic but raised in the Protestant faith by his mother Jeanne d'Albret , Queen of Navarre , he inherited the throne of Navarre in 1572 on the death of his mother . As a Huguenot , Henry was involved in the French Wars of Religion , barely escaping assassination in the St. Bartholomew 's Day massacre , and later led Protestant forces against the royal army . Henry , as Head of the House of Bourbon , was a direct male-line descendant of Louis IX of France , and `` first prince of the blood '' . Upon the death of his brother-in-law and distant cousin Henry III of France in 1589 , Henry was called to the French succession by the Salic law . He initially kept the Protestant faith and had to fight against the Catholic League , which denied that he could wear France 's crown as a Protestant . To obtain mastery over his kingdom , after four years of stalemate , he found it prudent to abjure the Calvinist faith . As a pragmatic politician -LRB- in the parlance of the time , a politique -RRB- , he displayed an unusual religious tolerance for the era . Notably , he promulgated the Edict of Nantes -LRB- 1598 -RRB- , which guaranteed religious liberties to Protestants , thereby effectively ending the Wars of Religion . He was assassinated in 1610 by François Ravaillac , a fanatical Catholic , and was succeeded by his son Louis XIII . Considered a usurper by some Catholics and a traitor by some Protestants , Henry became target of at least 12 assassination attempts . An unpopular king immediately after his accession , Henry 's popularity greatly improved after his death , in light of repeated victories over his enemies and his conversion to Catholicism . The `` Good King Henry '' -LRB- le bon roi Henri -RRB- was remembered for his geniality and his great concern about the welfare of his subjects . He was celebrated in the popular song Vive le roi Henri and in Voltaire 's Henriade . ", "Henry V -LRB- 9 August 1386 -- 31 August 1422 -RRB- was King of England from 1413 until his death at the age of 36 in 1422 . He was the second English monarch who came from the House of Lancaster . After military experience fighting the Welsh during the revolt of Owain Glyndŵr , and against the powerful aristocratic Percys of Northumberland at the Battle of Shrewsbury , Henry came into political conflict with his father , whose health was increasingly precarious from 1405 onward . After his father 's death in 1413 , Henry assumed control of the country and embarked on war with France in the ongoing Hundred Years ' War -LRB- 1337 -- 1453 -RRB- between the two nations . His military successes culminated in his famous victory at the Battle of Agincourt -LRB- 1415 -RRB- and saw him come close to conquering France . After months of negotiation with Charles VI of France , the Treaty of Troyes -LRB- 1420 -RRB- recognised Henry V as regent and heir apparent to the French throne , and he was subsequently married to Charles 's daughter , Catherine of Valois -LRB- 1401 -- 37 -RRB- . Following Henry V 's sudden and unexpected death in France two years later , he was succeeded by his infant son , who reigned as Henry VI -LRB- 1422 -- 61 , 1470 -- 71 -RRB- . ", "John -LRB- 24 December 1166 -- 19 October 1216 -RRB- , also known as John Lackland -LRB- Norman French : Johan sanz Terre -RRB- , was King of England from 6 April 1199 until his death in 1216 . John lost the Duchy of Normandy to King Philip II of France , resulting in the collapse of most of the Angevin Empire and contributing to the subsequent growth in power of the Capetian dynasty during the 13th century . The baronial revolt at the end of John 's reign led to the sealing of Magna Carta , a document sometimes considered to be an early step in the evolution of the constitution of the United Kingdom . John , the youngest of five sons of King Henry II of England and Duchess Eleanor of Aquitaine , was at first not expected to inherit significant lands . Following the failed rebellion of his elder brothers between 1173 and 1174 , however , John became Henry 's favourite child . He was appointed the Lord of Ireland in 1177 and given lands in England and on the continent . John 's elder brothers William , Henry and Geoffrey died young ; by the time Richard I became king in 1189 , John was a potential heir to the throne . John unsuccessfully attempted a rebellion against Richard 's royal administrators whilst his brother was participating in the Third Crusade . Despite this , after Richard died in 1199 , John was proclaimed King of England , and came to an agreement with Philip II of France to recognise John 's possession of the continental Angevin lands at the peace treaty of Le Goulet in 1200 . When war with France broke out again in 1202 , John achieved early victories , but shortages of military resources and his treatment of Norman , Breton and Anjou nobles resulted in the collapse of his empire in northern France in 1204 . John spent much of the next decade attempting to regain these lands , raising huge revenues , reforming his armed forces and rebuilding continental alliances . John 's judicial reforms had a lasting impact on the English common law system , as well as providing an additional source of revenue . An argument with Pope Innocent III led to John 's excommunication in 1209 , a dispute finally settled by the king in 1213 . John 's attempt to defeat Philip in 1214 failed due to the French victory over John 's allies at the battle of Bouvines . When he returned to England , John faced a rebellion by many of his barons , who were unhappy with his fiscal policies and his treatment of many of England 's most powerful nobles . Although both John and the barons agreed to the Magna Carta peace treaty in 1215 , neither side complied with its conditions . Civil war broke out shortly afterwards , with the barons aided by Louis of France . It soon descended into a stalemate . John died of dysentery contracted whilst on campaign in eastern England during late 1216 ; supporters of his son Henry III went on to achieve victory over Louis and the rebel barons the following year . Contemporary chroniclers were mostly critical of John 's performance as king , and his reign has since been the subject of significant debate and periodic revision by historians from the 16th century onwards . Historian Jim Bradbury has summarised the current historical opinion of John 's positive qualities , observing that John is today usually considered a `` hard-working administrator , an able man , an able general '' . Nonetheless , modern historians agree that he also had many faults as king , including what historian Ralph Turner describes as `` distasteful , even dangerous personality traits '' , such as pettiness , spitefulness and cruelty . These negative qualities provided extensive material for fiction writers in the Victorian era , and John remains a recurring character within Western popular culture , primarily as a villain in films and stories depicting the Robin Hood legends . " ]

[ 2, 1, 1, 1, 2 ]

[ "SummerSlam", "SummerSlam_-LRB-2015-RRB-", "WrestleMania_XX", "Starrcade_-LRB-1997-RRB-", "Royal_Rumble_-LRB-2004-RRB-" ]

[ "SummerSlam is a professional wrestling pay-per-view -LRB- PPV -RRB- event , produced annually in August by professional wrestling promotion WWE . Dubbed as `` The Biggest Party of the Summer '' , it is one of the original `` Big Four '' pay-per-view events of WWE -LRB- along with WrestleMania , Royal Rumble and Survivor Series -RRB- . The inaugural SummerSlam took place on August 29 , 1988 at Madison Square Garden in New York City and was broadcast via pay-per-view . SummerSlam has been touted by WWE as their second biggest event of the year after WrestleMania . From 2009 to 2014 , SummerSlam remained exclusive to Staples Center in Los Angeles . Since 2015 , the event has took place at the Barclays Center in the New York City borough of Brooklyn . ", "SummerSlam -LRB- 2015 -RRB- was a professional wrestling pay-per-view -LRB- PPV -RRB- event produced by WWE . It took place on August 23 , 2015 , at Barclays Center in Brooklyn , New York . The twenty-eighth event under the SummerSlam chronology , this was the first since 2008 to be held outside of Los Angeles as Staples Center was the exclusive home for SummerSlam from 2009 to 2014 , and the eighth SummerSlam to be held in the New York metropolitan area . The Izod Center was originally supposed to host SummerSlam , but due to its closure in April 2015 , the event was moved to Barclays Center . The event was the first in the SummerSlam chronology to be four hours in length , a length previously reserved only for WrestleMania . The event was the second night of what was billed as a `` triple-header '' at Barclays Center , with NXT TakeOver : Brooklyn having taken place the previous night , and Raw the following night . Ten matches were contested at the event , with no pre-show . In the main event , The Undertaker defeated Brock Lesnar in controversial fashion ; Lesnar put Undertaker in his Kimura lock and the timekeeper rang the bell after seeing the Undertaker supposedly indicating submission , but since the referee had n't seen a submission and never stopped the match , the match continued . The confusion allowed Undertaker to surprise Lesnar with a low blow before trapping him in the Hell 's Gate submission hold , during which Lesnar passed out to give Undertaker the win . ", "WrestleMania XX was the twentieth annual WrestleMania professional wrestling pay-per-view -LRB- PPV -RRB- event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment -LRB- WWE -RRB- . It took place on March 14 , 2004 , at Madison Square Garden in New York City . The event was a joint-promotion pay-per-view event , featuring performers from the Raw and SmackDown ! brands . The card for the event featured two main events . The main match for the Raw brand was a Triple Threat match for the World Heavyweight Championship between champion Triple H , Shawn Michaels , and Chris Benoit . Benoit won the match , making Triple H submit via the Crippler Crossface . The main match for the SmackDown ! brand featured Eddie Guerrero versus Kurt Angle for the WWE Championship which Guerrero won after a small package . The event featured the return of The Undertaker , who defeated Kane after a Tombstone Piledriver . John Cena made his WrestleMania debut at the event by defeating Big Show to win his first WWE title , the WWE United States Championship . Also on the card was a match between Goldberg and Brock Lesnar with Stone Cold Steve Austin as the special guest referee . This was both Lesnar 's and Goldberg 's final match with WWE until 2012 Extreme Rules and 2016 Survivor Series respectively . After Goldberg won the match following a Jackhammer , both men were given a Stone Cold Stunner by Austin on their way out . WrestleMania XX was the third WrestleMania at Madison Square Garden -LRB- after WrestleManias I and X -RRB- and the fourth of five WrestleManias in the New York metropolitan area -LRB- alongside WrestleManias I , 2 , X and 29 -RRB- . The event grossed US$ 2.4 million in ticket sales , making the Pay-Per-View the highest grossing event ever for WWE at Madison Square Garden . More than 20,000 people from 16 countries , 48 states attended the event , which was also televised in more than 90 countries . The event generated an estimated $ 13.5 million of economic activity for New York City and created an equivalent of 96 full-year jobs . ", "Starrcade -LRB- 1997 -RRB- was the fifteenth annual Starrcade professional wrestling pay-per-view -LRB- PPV -RRB- event . It was the tenth Starrcade event produced by World Championship Wrestling -LRB- WCW -RRB- , and it took place on December 28 , 1997 from the MCI Center in Washington , D.C. . It featured the ongoing storyline between WCW and the New World Order -LRB- nWo -RRB- organization . The main event was between Hollywood Hogan and Sting for the WCW World Heavyweight Championship , with Hogan representing the nWo and Sting representing WCW . The match culminated a year-long buildup of their feud . The match ended in controversy over the referee 's pinfall count , and their feud continued after the event surrounding this . Other matches included Larry Zbyszko and Eric Bischoff for the control of WCW Monday Nitro , and Curt Hennig and Diamond Dallas Page for the WCW United States Heavyweight Championship . The event became the biggest-grossing pay-per-view in WCW history . Despite its success , however , the card is seen as pivotal to the downfall of WCW , as it set a tone for backstage dissension and poor creative decisions going forward . ", "Royal Rumble -LRB- 2004 -RRB- was the 17th annual Royal Rumble professional wrestling pay-per-view -LRB- PPV -RRB- event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment -LRB- WWE -RRB- . It was presented by Sony 's PlayStation 2 , took place on January 25 , 2004 , at the Wachovia Center in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania and featured talent from the Raw and SmackDown ! brands . As has been customary since 1993 , the Royal Rumble match winner received a match at that year 's WrestleMania , in this instance WrestleMania XX . Beginning with this Royal Rumble , the winner could challenge at WrestleMania his choice of either the WWE Championship or the World Heavyweight Championship . Six professional wrestling matches were featured on the event 's supercard , a scheduling of more than one main event . The main event was the annual 30-man Royal Rumble match , which featured wrestlers from both brands . Chris Benoit , the first entrant , won the match by last eliminating The Big Show , the twenty-fourth entrant . This win resulted in Benoit breaking the longevity record last held by Bob Backlund , staying in the match for over one hour . The primary match on the Raw brand was a Last Man Standing match between Triple H and Shawn Michaels for the World Heavyweight Championship , which ended in a draw . The predominant match on the SmackDown ! brand was Brock Lesnar versus Hardcore Holly for the WWE Championship , which Lesnar won to retain the championship . The featured match on the undercard was a Tables match for the World Tag Team Championship between Evolution -LRB- Ric Flair and Batista -RRB- and the Dudley Boyz -LRB- Bubba Ray and D-Von -RRB- , which Evolution won to retain the titles . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "Kevin_Costner", "Stephen_Moyer", "Psych_-LRB-season_2-RRB-", "The_Devil's_Advocate_-LRB-1997_film-RRB-", "Deal_of_a_Lifetime" ]

[ "Kevin Michael Costner -LRB- born January 18 , 1955 -RRB- is an American actor , director , producer , and musician . His accolades include two Academy Awards , three Golden Globe Awards , and one Emmy Award . Costner has played Eliot Ness in The Untouchables , Crash Davis in Bull Durham , Ray Kinsella in Field of Dreams , Lt. John J. Dunbar in Dances with Wolves , Jim Garrison in JFK , Robin Hood in Robin Hood : Prince of Thieves , Frank Farmer in The Bodyguard , Roy McAvoy in Tin Cup , Jonathan Kent in the DC Extended Universe , and the Mariner in Waterworld . He directed , produced , and starred in The Postman . In television , Costner won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Miniseries or a Movie , the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor -- Miniseries or Television Film , and the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Miniseries or Television Movie for his role as Devil Anse Hatfield in Hatfields & McCoys -LRB- 2012 -RRB- . ", "Stephen Moyer -LRB- born Stephen John Emery ; 11 October 1969 -RRB- is an English film and television actor and director who is best known as vampire Bill Compton in the HBO series True Blood . Moyer 's first television role was in 1993 as Philip Masefield in the TV adaptation of the play Conjugal Rites , written by actor/playwright Roger Hall . This was followed by the television film Lord of Misrule , filmed in Fowey , Cornwall , which also featured Richard Wilson , Emily Mortimer and Prunella Scales . In 1997 , Moyer made his big-screen debut landing the lead role in the film adaptation of the long-running comic strip Prince Valiant by Hal Foster , working alongside Ron Perlman and Katherine Heigl . ", "The second season of Psych originally aired in the United States on USA Network from July 13 , 2007 to February 15 , 2008 . It consisted of 16 episodes . James Roday , Dulé Hill , Timothy Omundson , Maggie Lawson , and Corbin Bernsen reprised their roles as the main characters , and Kirsten Nelson joined the main cast . James Roday portrayed Shawn Spencer , a fake psychic detective who periodically consults for the Santa Barbara police department . A DVD of the season was released on July 8 , 2008 . ", "The Devil 's Advocate -LRB- marketed as Devil 's Advocate -RRB- is a 1997 American supernatural drama thriller film based on Andrew Neiderman 's novel of the same name . It is directed by Taylor Hackford , and stars Keanu Reeves , Al Pacino and Charlize Theron . The film 's title is a reference to the commonly used phrase `` devil 's advocate '' , and Pacino 's character is named after the author of Paradise Lost , John Milton . The movie has some minor allusions to Milton 's epic , such as the famous quotation `` Better to reign in Hell than serve in Heaven . '' ", "Deal of a Lifetime is a 1999 US romantic comedy film starring Shiri Appleby , Michael A. Goorjian , and Kevin Pollak . The film centers on the main character Henry Spooner -LRB- played by Michael A. Goorjian -RRB- , the school nerd who has a crush on Laurie , the prettiest , most popular girl in his high school . After a conversation with his friend he mutters under his breath that he would sell his soul to the Devil to go out with Laurie . From that point on , he gets his wish to date Laurie , but things do n't go according to plan . Part of the soundtrack includes the song `` Let Yourself Go '' , which was written and performed by L.A. musician Paul Delph for his final album A God That Can Dance . The song is included in the final scene . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Icelandic_Coast_Guard", "Border_Guard_Flight_Squadron_-LRB-Estonia-RRB-", "Ambassadors_to_Iceland", "Rif_Airport", "List_of_Icelandic_ministries" ]

[ "The Icelandic Coast Guard -LRB- , Landhelgisgæslan or simply Gæslan -RRB- is the service responsible for Iceland 's coastal defense and maritime and aeronautical search and rescue . Its origins can be traced to 1859 , when the corvette Ørnen started patrolling Icelandic waters . In 1906 , Iceland 's first purposely built guard-ship , Islands Falk , began operation . Iceland 's own defense of its territorial waters began around 1920 and the Icelandic Coast Guard was formally founded on July 1 , 1926 . The first cannon was put on the trawler Thor in 1924 and on June 23 , 1926 the first ship built for the Coast Guard , named Óðinn , arrived in Iceland . Three years later , on the 14 July 1929 the coastal defence ship Ægir was added to the Coast Guard fleet . The Icelandic Coast Guard played its largest role during the Cod Wars between 1972 and 1975 , when the Coast Guard ships would cut the trawl wires of British and West German trawlers and engaged in confrontations with Royal Navy warships , in order to enforce a disputed expansion on Icelandic fishing territory . The Coast Guard also maintains the Iceland Air Defence System which conducts ground surveillance of Iceland 's air space . ", "The Border Guard Flight Squadron -LRB- Piirivalve lennusalk -RRB- is a mixed helicopter and airplane flight squadron of the Estonian Border Guard , subject to the Police and Border Guard Board . The squadron is a rapid response search and rescue unit , which also conducts the usual border control and monitoring operations . ", "This is a list of ambassadors to Iceland . ", "Rif Airport is an airport serving Ólafsvík and Hellissandur , Iceland . It is located near Rif village . Rwy 06 has a 1250 ft displaced threshold . The Rif non-directional beacon -LRB- Ident : RF -RRB- is located on the field . ", "This is a list of Icelandic government ministries . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Hannah_and_Her_Sisters", "Something_to_Talk_About_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Run_of_the_House", "Mom_-LRB-TV_series-RRB-", "List_of_awards_and_nominations_received_by_New_Girl" ]

[ "Hannah and Her Sisters is a 1986 American comedy-drama film which tells the intertwined stories of an extended family over two years that begins and ends with a family Thanksgiving dinner . The film was written and directed by Woody Allen , who stars along with Mia Farrow as Hannah , Michael Caine as her husband , and Barbara Hershey and Dianne Wiest as her sisters . The film 's ensemble cast also includes Carrie Fisher , Farrow 's mother Maureen O'Sullivan , Lloyd Nolan -LRB- who died in September 1985 , more than four months before the film 's release -RRB- , Max von Sydow and Julie Kavner . Daniel Stern , Richard Jenkins , Fred Melamed , Lewis Black , Joanna Gleason , John Turturro , and Julia Louis-Dreyfus all have minor roles , while Tony Roberts and Sam Waterston make uncredited cameo appearances . Several of Farrow 's children , including a pre-adolescent Soon-Yi Previn -LRB- who married Allen in 1997 -RRB- , have credited and uncredited roles , mostly as Thanksgiving extras . Hannah and Her Sisters was for a long time Allen 's biggest box office hit -LRB- forgoing adjustment for inflation -RRB- , with a North American gross of US$ 40 million . The film won Academy Awards for Best Original Screenplay , Best Supporting Actor , and Best Supporting Actress . It is often considered one of Allen 's major works , with critics continuing to praise its writing and ensemble cast . ", "Something to Talk About is a 1995 American comedy-drama film directed by Lasse Hallström , from a screenplay written by Callie Khouri . It stars Julia Roberts and Dennis Quaid as an estranged couple , Kyra Sedgwick as Roberts ' sister , and Robert Duvall and Gena Rowlands as their parents . The film 's title stems from the Bonnie Raitt song of the same name . It was shot in various locations around Savannah , Georgia , South Carolina and Georgia near Beaufort . ", "Run of the House is a sitcom on The WB , that aired between September 2003 and May 2004 . Nineteen episodes were produced but only sixteen were aired before the show was cancelled . The show was about a family of four siblings , whose parents moved from Grand Rapids , Michigan , to Arizona , because the weather would be better there for their father 's health . But they left the mostly-grown children to stay in their old house and look after themselves , with the 3 eldest siblings also having to deal with raising their 15-year-old sister , Brooke . There was also a nosy neighbor named Mrs. Norris who often popped in unannounced to check up on them . ", "Mom is an American sitcom that premiered on September 23 , 2013 , on CBS . The series was created by Chuck Lorre , Eddie Gorodetsky , and Gemma Baker and distributed by Warner Bros. . Television . It stars Anna Faris and Allison Janney in lead roles as dysfunctional mother/daughter duo Christy and Bonnie Plunkett . Sadie Calvano , Blake Garrett Rosenthal , Matt L. Jones , Spencer Daniels , Nate Corddry , French Stewart , William Fichtner , Beth Hall , Jaime Pressly and Mimi Kennedy appear in supporting roles . The series has received positive reviews throughout its run . Both Janney and Faris have garnered acclaim for their respective performances and have received numerous accolades with Janney having won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series back to back in 2014 and 2015 . The show has also garnered multiple nominations at the Critics ' Choice Television Awards and the People 's Choice Awards during its run . The show has also received high ratings , which rose from the first to second season with an average viewership of 11.79 million . CBS renewed the series for a third season , which premiered on November 5 , 2015 . On March 25 , 2016 , the series was renewed for a fourth season , which premiered on October 27 , 2016 . On March 23 , 2017 , CBS renewed the series for a fifth season . ", "This is a list of awards and nominations received by New Girl , an American sitcom television series that premiered on Fox on September 20 , 2011 . Developed by Elizabeth Meriwether under the working title Chicks & Dicks , the series revolves around offbeat teacher Jess -LRB- Zooey Deschanel -RRB- after her moving into an L.A. loft with three men , Nick -LRB- Jake Johnson -RRB- , Schmidt -LRB- Max Greenfield -RRB- , and Winston -LRB- Lamorne Morris -RRB- ; Jess 's best friend Cece -LRB- Hannah Simone -RRB- and old-turned-new loftmate Coach -LRB- Damon Wayans , Jr. -RRB- also appear regularly . " ]

[ 2, 1, 0, 1, 1 ]

[ "Psych_-LRB-season_2-RRB-", "Who_Ya_Gonna_Call?", "Teen_Titans_-LRB-season_3-RRB-", "Grotesque_-LRB-The_X-Files-RRB-", "The_X-Files_-LRB-franchise-RRB-" ]

[ "The second season of Psych originally aired in the United States on USA Network from July 13 , 2007 to February 15 , 2008 . It consisted of 16 episodes . James Roday , Dulé Hill , Timothy Omundson , Maggie Lawson , and Corbin Bernsen reprised their roles as the main characters , and Kirsten Nelson joined the main cast . James Roday portrayed Shawn Spencer , a fake psychic detective who periodically consults for the Santa Barbara police department . A DVD of the season was released on July 8 , 2008 . ", "`` Who Ya Gon na Call ? '' is the seventh episode of the first season of the American comedy-drama television series Psych . It was written by co-executive producers Jack Sakmar and Kerry Lenhart , and was directed by Michael Lange . The episode originally aired on USA Network in the United States on August 18 , 2006 . The installment features guest appearances by Kirsten Nelson , Sage Brocklebank , Frank Whaley , and Nico McEown among others . The title refers to the song Ghostbusters , written and performed by Ray Parker Jr. . The series follows Shawn Spencer -LRB- James Roday -RRB- and his colleague and best friend Burton `` Gus '' Guster -LRB- Dulé Hill -RRB- , who claim to operate a psychic detective agency ; it is actually based on Shawn 's hyperobservant ability . In the episode , an obviously disturbed man requests help from the two , believing that he is being haunted . Upon investigation , they decide it is actually the man 's ex-girlfriend but find she is engaged and could not be the `` ghost '' . After an attempt on their lives , Shawn and Gus look through the man 's house again , finding a room full of women 's belongings , where Shawn realizes the man has Dissociative Identity Disorder and is the perpetrator of a murder spree . They rush to where they think the man is and prevent one of his other personalities from murdering a doctor . `` Who Ya Gon na Call ? '' received generally positive reviews from critics . At the time of its broadcast , the installment was considered to be one of the best episodes of the first season . According to Nielsen Media Research , the episode was watched by approximately 4.80 million viewers during its original broadcast and received a 1.5 / 4 share in the 18-49 demographic . ", "The third season of the animated television series Teen Titans , based on the DC comics series of the same time by Bob Haney and Bruno Premiani , originally aired on Cartoon Network in the United States . Developed by television writer David Slack , the series was produced by DC Entertainment and Warner Bros. . Animation . Sander Schwartz was tagged as the executive producer for the series . This marks the last season of Teen Titans being aired on The WB Television Network , from September 2005 to December 2005 , skipping insignificant episodes . It also became the only season that the The CW did not re-air during the 2007 -- 08 U.S network television season , as the first two seasons of the series only re-aired on Kids ' WB . The series focuses on a team of crime-fighting teenaged superheroes , consisting of the leader Robin -LRB- voiced by Scott Menville -RRB- , foreign alien princess Starfire , green shapeshifter Beast Boy , the dark sorceress Raven , and the technological genius Cyborg . The season focuses on Cyborg 's difficulty accepting his own maturity , and his desire to lead his own team , which brings him into conflict with the Teen Titans . The season also focuses on his battles with the supervillain Brother Blood . The season premiered on August 28 , 2004 and ran until November 27 , 2004 , broadcasting 13 episodes . Warner Bros. . Home Video released the third season on DVD in the United States and Canada on April 10 , 2007 . Despite receiving positive reviews , many critics agreed that the third season was inferior to its predecessor . ", "`` Grotesque '' is the fourteenth episode of the third season of the science fiction television series The X-Files and the show 's 63rd episode overall . It premiered on the Fox network in the United States on February 2 , 1996 . It was written by Howard Gordon and directed by Kim Manners . The episode is a `` Monster-of-the-Week '' story , unconnected to the series ' wider mythology . `` Grotesque '' earned a Nielsen household rating of 11.6 , being watched by 18.32 million people in its initial broadcast . The episode received mostly positive reviews from television critics . The show centers on FBI special agents Fox Mulder -LRB- David Duchovny -RRB- and Dana Scully -LRB- Gillian Anderson -RRB- who work on cases linked to the paranormal , called X-Files . Mulder is a believer in the paranormal , while the skeptical Scully has been assigned to debunk his work . In this episode , Mulder and Scully investigate a serial killer who claims a gargoyle spirit committed the crimes . When Mulder joins the case , his obsession with solving it causes Scully to question his sanity . Gordon was inspired to write the episode after walking down the streets of New York and seeing several stone gargoyles on the corner , staring at him . Gordon developed the concept with series creator Chris Carter , who suggested the addition of more psychological aspects to the episode . Originally , the teaser was planned to be filmed at a Catholic hospital , but the shot was relocated to the site of a historic post office after concerns were raised about attaching a fake gargoyle to the building . ", "The X-Files is an American science fiction -- thriller media franchise created by Chris Carter . The franchise generally focused on paranormal or unexplained happenings . The first franchise release -- simply titled The X-Files -- debuted in September 1993 and ended in May 2002 . The show was a hit for Fox , and its characters and slogans -LRB- e.g. , `` The Truth Is Out There '' , `` Trust No One '' , `` I Want to Believe '' -RRB- became pop culture touchstones in the 1990s . 1996 saw the premiere of a second series set in the same universe but covering a storyline independent of the X-Files mythology , titled Millennium . In 1998 , the first X-Files feature film titled The X-Files was released , eventually grossing over $ 180 million . A spin-off -- The Lone Gunmen -- was released in 2001 and abruptly canceled . Six years after the initial television series was canceled , another film -- The X-Files : I Want to Believe -- was released . In January 2016 , a tenth season of The X-Files aired , featuring Carter as executive producer and writer , and starring David Duchovny and Gillian Anderson . An eleventh season will premiere in the 2017-18 television season . In addition to film and television , The X-Files franchise has expanded into other media , including books , video games , and comic books . These supplements to the film and television series have resulted in significant development of the show 's fictional universe and mythology . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "B._R._Ambedkar", "Vasant_Bapat", "Amritlal_Hargovinddas", "Shapur_Kharegat", "Mahdi_Hasan" ]

[ "Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar -LRB- 14 April 1891 -- 6 December 1956 -RRB- , popularly known as Baba Saheb , was an Indian jurist , economist , politician and social reformer who inspired the Dalit Buddhist Movement and campaigned against social discrimination against Untouchables -LRB- Dalits -RRB- , while also supporting the rights of women and labour . He was Independent India 's first law minister and the principal architect of the Constitution of India . Ambedkar was a prolific student , earning doctorates in economics from both Columbia University and the London School of Economics , and gained a reputation as a scholar for his research in law , economics and political science . In his early career he was an economist , professor , and lawyer . His later life was marked by his political activities ; he became involved in campaigning and negotiations for India 's independence , publishing journals , advocating political rights and social freedom for Dalits , and contributing significantly to the establishment of the state of India . In 1956 he converted to Buddhism , initiating mass conversions of Dalits . In 1990 , the Bharat Ratna , India 's highest civilian award , was posthumously conferred upon Ambedkar . Ambedkar 's legacy includes numerous memorials and depictions in popular culture . ", "Vishwanath Vaman Bapat , also known as Vasant Bapat -LRB- Devanagari : वसंत बापट -RRB- -LRB- July 25 , 1922 -- September 17 , 2002 -RRB- , was a Marathi poet from Maharashtra , India . He was born on July 25 , 1922 in Karad in Satara district of Maharashtra . ", "Amritlal Hargovinddas -LRB- 29 August 1889 -- 12 December 1964 -RRB- was a noted industrialist , textile mill owner and philanthropist from Ahmedabad , India . ", "Shapur Sorab Kharegat -LRB- 1 November 1932 -- 29 September 2000 -RRB- was a Parsi journalist , editor and former Asia Director of The Economist magazine . Kharegat was born in Bombay , at `` Palm Land '' , the home of his maternal great-grandfather , the ship chandler magnat Kavasjee Dadabhoy Dubash -LRB- +31.10.1921 -RRB- , to Col. Dr. Sorabjee Merwanjee Kharegat * 1900 +19.10.1963 -LRB- son of Col. Dr. Mervanji Pestanji Kharegat of Madras Medical Service * 20.11.1855 +17.12.1932 -RRB- , and his wife Dinbai Mehta -LRB- daughter of Navazbai Dubash and Byramji Mehta -RRB- . He spent his childhood at `` The Clif '' on Carmichael Road , Bombay at `` Babington House '' in Mahabaleshwar and at 17 Carlyle Mansions , Chelsea , London . Kharegat , who had a younger sister , Ratanbai -LRB- * 15.1.1941 +11.8.2003 -RRB- , was a Parsi and a descendant of Sir Jamsetjee Jeejebhoy , the first Indian Baronet and a first cousin once removed of Russi Mody , Chairman and Managing Director of Tata Steel . His maternal step-cousin was the World War II hero Lt. George Clement , né Spiridonoff , -LRB- 20.11.1917 - 7.9.1944 -RRB- . His first cousin was the late wife of Rustom K. S. Ghandhi . His paternal family was responsible for the building of `` Kharegat Colony '' , a charitable housing estate scheme in India . Sam Manekshaw , a family friend and his father served together during World War II in Indo China . Kharegat was a member of the Travellers Club . As one of the very last great old colonial characters , he was Asia director of The Economist , based in Hong Kong from August 1966 until his retirement in 1993 , and died in London . He was a major catalyst for The Economist 's inclusion in Asia and according to The Economist 's publisher David Hanger , S.S. Kharegat is remembered as `` a huge character who travelled the world in his own inimitable style . He argued the case for the business side to enter Asia long before many of us realised its potential , and made all of the early running to develop the region ahead of many of our rivals . '' ", "Mahdi Hasan -LRB- born 21 March 1936 , Akbarpur , Ambedkar Nagar , Uttar Pradesh ; died 12 January 2013 , Lucknow -RRB- was a prominent Indian anatomist . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 1, 1 ]

[ "Aathara_Stalam", "Hinduism", "Religious_tourism_in_India", "Marundeeswarar_Temple", "Javari_Temple,_Khajuraho" ]

[ "Aathara Stalam indicates the places which are considered to be divine impersonations of Tantric chakras , associated with human anatomy . The Annamalaiyar temple is called the Manipooraga stalam , associated with `` Manipooraga '' , the human anatomical cause for spiritual ignorance , thirst , jealousy , treachery , shame , fear , disgust , delusion , foolishness and sadness . Five temples are located in Tamil Nadu , and one at Varanasi . -RCB- -RRB- | Brain directly behind eyebrow | Natarajar Temple | Chidambaram | | - | Visuthi -LRB- Sanskrit : विशुद्ध , Viśuddha -RRB- | Neck region near spine | Sri Kalahastheeswara Swami Temple | Kalahasthi | | - | Anahata -LRB- Sanskrit : अनाहत , Anāhata -RRB- | Central channel behind spine | Kashi Vishwanath Temple | Varanasi | | - | Manipooragam -LRB- Sanskrit : मणिपूर , -RRB- | Spine directly behind the navel | Arunachaleshwarar Temple | Thiruvannamalai | | - | Swathistanam -LRB- Sanskrit : स्वाधिष्ठान , Svādhiṣṭhāna -RRB- | One 's own abode | Thiruvanaikaval | Trichy | | - | Moolatharam -LRB- Sanskrit : मूलाधार , Mūlādhāra -RRB- | Basal end of the spinal column | Thyagaraja Swamy Temple | Tiruvarur | | -RCB- Category : Shiva temples ", "Hinduism is a religion , or a way of life , found most notably in India and Nepal . Hinduism has been called the oldest religion in the world , and some practitioners and scholars refer to it as , `` the eternal law , '' or the `` eternal way , '' beyond human origins . Scholars regard Hinduism as a fusion or synthesis of various Indian cultures and traditions , with diverse roots and no founder . This `` Hindu synthesis '' started to develop between 500 BCE and 300 CE following the Vedic period -LRB- 1500 BCE to 500 BCE -RRB- . Although Hinduism contains a broad range of philosophies , it is linked by shared concepts , recognisable rituals , cosmology , shared textual resources , and pilgrimage to sacred sites . Hindu texts are classified into Shruti -LRB- `` heard '' -RRB- and Smriti -LRB- `` remembered '' -RRB- . These texts discuss theology , philosophy , mythology , Vedic yajna , Yoga , agamic rituals , and temple building , among other topics . Major scriptures include the Vedas and Upanishads , the Bhagavad Gita , and the Agamas . Sources of authority and eternal truths in its texts play an important role , but there is also a strong Hindu tradition of the questioning of this authority , to deepen the understanding of these truths and to further develop the tradition . Prominent themes in Hindu beliefs include the four Puruṣārthas , the proper goals or aims of human life , namely Dharma -LRB- ethics/duties -RRB- , Artha -LRB- prosperity/work -RRB- , Kama -LRB- desires/passions -RRB- and Moksha -LRB- liberation/freedom/salvation -RRB- ; karma -LRB- action , intent and consequences -RRB- , samsara -LRB- cycle of rebirth -RRB- , and the various Yogas -LRB- paths or practices to attain moksha -RRB- . Hindu practices include rituals such as puja -LRB- worship -RRB- and recitations , meditation , family-oriented rites of passage , annual festivals , and occasional pilgrimages . Some Hindus leave their social world and material possessions , then engage in lifelong Sannyasa -LRB- monastic practices -RRB- to achieve Moksha . Hinduism prescribes the eternal duties , such as honesty , refraining from injuring living beings -LRB- ahimsa -RRB- , patience , forbearance , self-restraint , and compassion , among others . Hinduism is the world 's third largest religion , with over one billion followers or 15 % of the global population , known as Hindus . The majority of Hindus reside in India , Nepal , Mauritius , the Caribbean , and Bali in Indonesia . ", "Religious tourism in India is focus of Narendra Modi 's national tourism policy . Uttarakhand has been popular as a religious and adventure tourism hub . Mahesh Sharma said , `` In view of religious tourism , Ramdevera and Tanot would also be linked to a tourism circuit in western Rajasthan . '' ", "Marundeeswarar Temple is a temple dedicated to Hindu deity Shiva , located in Thiruvanmiyur , Chennai adjacent to the beach of Bay of Bengal . It is one of the 275 Paadal Petra Sthalams , where the three of the most revered Nayanars -LRB- Saivite Saints -RRB- , Appar and Tirugnana Sambandar have glorified the temple with their verses during the 7th-8th century . The temple has been widely expanded by Chola kings during the 11th century . The temple has two seven tiered gateway towers , a huge tank , with the overall temple area covering 1 acre . The Marundeeswarar temple has been a place of curative worship for people with diseases . The latest consecration of the temple after renovation , was performed in May 2008 . The temple is administered by the Hindu Religious and Endowment Board of the Government of Tamil Nadu . ", "The Javari Temple in Khajuraho , India , is a Hindu temple , which forms part of the Khajuraho Group of Monuments , a UNESCO World Heritage Site . It was built between c. 975 and 1100 A.D. The temple is dedicated to the Hindu deity Vishnu . The main idol of the temple is broken and headless -LRB- see image -RRB- . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 1, 1 ]

[ "Qin_dynasty", "Duke_Xian_of_Qin_-LRB-725–704_BC-RRB-", "Duke_Kang_of_Qin", "Han_dynasty", "Duke_Ligong_of_Qin" ]

[ "The Qin dynasty was the first dynasty of Imperial China , lasting from 221 to 206 BC . Named for its heartland of Qin , in modern-day Gansu and Shaanxi , the dynasty was formed after the conquest of six other states by the Qin state , and its founding emperor named Qin Shi Huang , the First Emperor of Qin . The strength of the Qin state was greatly increased by the `` Legalist '' reforms of Shang Yang in the fourth century BC , during the Warring States period . In the mid and late third century BC , the Qin accomplished a series of swift conquests , first ending the powerless Zhou dynasty , and eventually conquering the other six of the Seven Warring States to gain control over the whole of China . It is also the shortest dynasty in Chinese history , lasting only 15 years with two emperors . Far from monolithic and demonstrating a sophisticated political outlook , excavated Qin texts show a more pragmatic and eclectic approach than a reading of traditional accounts of Shang Yang would suggest . Qin administration was by no means purely punitive , and was not harsher than was generally prevalent at the time . The Qin were not doctrinaire . Though often anathema to Legalist philosophy , Confucianism and its values too coexisted with `` Legalism '' during the reign of the First Emperor . Qin administrative documents considered such matters as filial piety , and one circulated letter reads that `` The purpose of all standards -LRB- fa -RRB- ... is to teach and lead the people , rid them of dissoluteness and depravity ... and turn them toward goodness . '' During its reign over China , the Qin sought to create an imperial state unified by highly structured political power and a stable economy able to support a large military . The Qin central government sought to minimize the role of aristocrats and landowners and have direct administrative control over the peasantry , who comprised the overwhelming majority of the population , and control over whom would grant the Qin access to a large labor force . This allowed for the construction of ambitious projects , such as a wall on the northern border , now known as the Great Wall of China . For years , local rulers built walls along China 's northern border to protect their villages from invaders , but Emperor Shi Huangdi decided to connect them . Three hundred thousand peasants and convicts were forced to work on this 1,400 mile wall . The Qin dynasty introduced several reforms : currency , weights and measures were standardized , and a uniform system of writing was established . The Qin 's military was revolutionary in that it used the most recently developed weaponry , transportation , and tactics , though the government was heavy-handed and bureaucratic . An attempt to restrict criticism and purge all traces of old dynasties led to the supposed burning of books and burying of scholars later espoused by Confucians . Despite its military strength , the Qin dynasty did not last long . When the first emperor died in 210 BC , a different son was placed on the throne by two of the previous emperor 's advisers , in an attempt to influence and control the administration of the entire dynasty through him . The advisors squabbled among themselves , however , resulting in both their deaths and that of the second Qin emperor . Popular revolt broke out a few years later , and the weakened empire soon fell to a Chu lieutenant , who went on to found the Han dynasty . Despite its rapid end , the dynasty influenced future Chinese empires , particularly the Han , and the European name for China is thought to be derived from it . ", "Duke Xian of Qin -LRB- , 725 -- 704 BC -RRB- was from 715 to 704 BC the eighth ruler of the Zhou Dynasty Chinese state of Qin that eventually united China to become the Qin Dynasty . His ancestral name was Ying , and Duke Xian was his posthumous title . His title was recorded as Duke Ning of Qin in the Records of the Grand Historian by Han Dynasty historian Sima Qian , but inscriptions on excavated bronzes from the era have proven that `` Ning '' was a miscopy of the correct character `` Xian '' . ", "Duke Kang of Qin -LRB- , died 609 BC -RRB- was from 620 to 609 BC the fifteenth ruler of the Zhou Dynasty state of Qin that eventually united China to become the Qin Dynasty . His ancestral name was Ying , personal name Ying , and Duke Kang was his posthumous title . ", "The Han dynasty was the second imperial dynasty of China -LRB- 206 BC -- 220 AD -RRB- , preceded by the Qin dynasty -LRB- 221 -- 206 BC -RRB- and succeeded by the Three Kingdoms period -LRB- 220 -- 280 AD -RRB- . Spanning over four centuries , the Han period is considered a golden age in Chinese history . To this day , China 's majority ethnic group refers to themselves as the `` Han people '' and the Chinese script is referred to as `` Han characters '' . It was founded by the rebel leader Liu Bang , known posthumously as Emperor Gaozu of Han , and briefly interrupted by the Xin dynasty -LRB- 9 -- 23 AD -RRB- of the former regent Wang Mang . This interregnum separates the Han dynasty into two periods : the Western Han or Former Han -LRB- 206 BC -- 9 AD -RRB- and the Eastern Han or Later Han -LRB- 25 -- 220 AD -RRB- . The emperor was at the pinnacle of Han society . He presided over the Han government but shared power with both the nobility and appointed ministers who came largely from the scholarly gentry class . The Han Empire was divided into areas directly controlled by the central government using an innovation inherited from the Qin known as commanderies , and a number of semi-autonomous kingdoms . These kingdoms gradually lost all vestiges of their independence , particularly following the Rebellion of the Seven States . From the reign of Emperor Wu -LRB- r. 141 -- 87 BC -RRB- onward , the Chinese court officially sponsored Confucianism in education and court politics , synthesized with the cosmology of later scholars such as Dong Zhongshu . This policy endured until the fall of the Qing dynasty in 1911 AD . The Han dynasty was an age of economic prosperity and saw a significant growth of the money economy first established during the Zhou dynasty -LRB- c. 1050 -- 256 BC -RRB- . The coinage issued by the central government mint in 119 BC remained the standard coinage of China until the Tang dynasty -LRB- 618 -- 907 AD -RRB- . The period saw a number of limited institutional innovations . To pay for its military campaigns and the settlement of newly conquered frontier territories , the government nationalized the private salt and iron industries in 117 BC , but these government monopolies were repealed during the Eastern Han period . Science and technology during the Han period saw significant advances , including papermaking , the nautical steering rudder , the use of negative numbers in mathematics , the raised-relief map , the hydraulic-powered armillary sphere for astronomy , and a seismometer employing an inverted pendulum . The Xiongnu , a nomadic steppe confederation , defeated the Han in 200 BC and forced the Han to submit as a de facto inferior partner , but continued their raids on the Han borders . Emperor Wu launched several military campaigns against them . The ultimate Han victory in these wars eventually forced the Xiongnu to accept vassal status as Han tributaries . These campaigns expanded Han sovereignty into the Tarim Basin of Central Asia , divided the Xiongnu into two separate confederations , and helped establish the vast trade network known as the Silk Road , which reached as far as the Mediterranean world . The territories north of Han 's borders were quickly overrun by the nomadic Xianbei confederation . Emperor Wu also launched successful military expeditions in the south , annexing Nanyue in 111 BC and Dian in 109 BC , and in the Korean Peninsula where the Xuantu and Lelang Commanderies were established in 108 BC . After 92 AD , the palace eunuchs increasingly involved themselves in court politics , engaging in violent power struggles between the various consort clans of the empresses and empresses dowager , causing the Han 's ultimate downfall . Imperial authority was also seriously challenged by large Daoist religious societies which instigated the Yellow Turban Rebellion and the Five Pecks of Rice Rebellion . Following the death of Emperor Ling -LRB- r. 168 -- 189 AD -RRB- , the palace eunuchs suffered wholesale massacre by military officers , allowing members of the aristocracy and military governors to become warlords and divide the empire . When Cao Pi , King of Wei , usurped the throne from Emperor Xian , the Han dynasty ceased to exist . ", "Duke Ligong of Qin -LRB- , died 443 BC -RRB- was from 476 to 443 BC the 22nd ruler of the Zhou Dynasty Chinese state of Qin that eventually united China to become the Qin Dynasty . His ancestral name was Ying , and Duke Ligong was his posthumous title . Duke Ligong succeeded his father Duke Dao of Qin , who died in 477 BC , as ruler of Qin . In 461 BC , Duke Ligong dispatched an army of 20,000 men to attack the Rong state of Dali -LRB- in present-day Dali County , Shaanxi -RRB- , and captured its capital . In 456 BC , the State of Jin attacked Qin , taking the city of Wucheng -LRB- 武城 , in present-day Hua County , Shaanxi -RRB- . In 453 BC , the Zhao , Han , and Wei clans of Jin jointly attacked Zhi , the most powerful of Jin 's four major clans , killed its leader Zhi Yao , and divided the territory of Zhi amongst themselves . The state of Jin was effectively partitioned into three new states . Some of the survivors of the Zhi clan fled to Qin . In 444 BC , Qin attacked Yiqu -LRB- 義渠 , in present-day Ning County , Gansu -RRB- , another Rong state , and captured its king . Duke Ligong reigned for 34 years and died in 443 BC . He was succeeded by his son Duke Zao of Qin . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Python_-LRB-programming_language-RRB-", "Anaconda_-LRB-Python_distribution-RRB-", "Freemake_Music_Box", "Grail_-LRB-web_browser-RRB-", "BSA_Autorifle" ]

[ "Python is a widely used high-level programming language for general-purpose programming , created by Guido van Rossum and first released in 1991 . An interpreted language , Python has a design philosophy which emphasizes code readability -LRB- notably using whitespace indentation to delimit code blocks rather than curly brackets or keywords -RRB- , and a syntax which allows programmers to express concepts in fewer lines of code than possible in languages such as C++ or Java . The language provides constructs intended to enable writing clear programs on both a small and large scale . Python features a dynamic type system and automatic memory management and supports multiple programming paradigms , including object-oriented , imperative , functional programming , and procedural styles . It has a large and comprehensive standard library . Python interpreters are available for many operating systems , allowing Python code to run on a wide variety of systems . CPython , the reference implementation of Python , is open source software and has a community-based development model , as do nearly all of its variant implementations . CPython is managed by the non-profit Python Software Foundation . ", "Anaconda is a freemium open source distribution of the Python and R programming languages for large-scale data processing , predictive analytics , and scientific computing , that aims to simplify package management and deployment . Package versions are managed by the package management system conda . ", "Freemake Music Box is the fourth software application developed by Ellora Assets Corporation and is currently in pre-release status . It is a freeware program designed to stream free music to users without the need to create an account or set up a subscription . ", "Grail was a free extensible multi-platform web browser written in the Python programming language . The project was started in August 1995 , with its first public release in November of that year . The 0.3 beta contained over 27,000 lines of Python . The last official release was version 0.6 in 1999 . One of the major distinguishing features of Grail was the ability to run client-side Python code , in much the same way as mainstream browsers run client-side JavaScript code . ", "The BSA Autorifle was a British automatic rifle designed by Birmingham Small Arms Co. . This rifle was manufactured by BSA under their licensing agreement with the Auto-Ordnance Corp. . It was offered for British Army trials during the 1920s . The weapon was an improved derivative of the Thompson Autorifle that could be operated manually if the two curved ` shutters ' around the bolt head are moved into the down position , the mechanism is disconnected and the rifle can be used as a manual loader . This facility was a requirement in self-loaders offered for British trials at this period . The weapon took part in trials during 1927 against a Colt made Thompson , an ` improved ' BSA Thompson , A gas operated BSA and the Farquhar Hill . Although in 1928 reports it narrowly beat the ` improved ' BSA and the Farquhar Hill in the third place , It never advanced past prototype stages as none were found acceptable and development of the BSA Autorifle waned . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "James,_Viscount_Severn", "James_Francis_Edward_Stuart", "Henry_Herbert,_7th_Earl_of_Carnarvon", "Charles_Petty-Fitzmaurice,_9th_Marquess_of_Lansdowne", "James_Severn" ]

[ "James , Viscount Severn -LRB- James Alexander Philip Theo Mountbatten-Windsor ; born 17 December 2007 -RRB- is the younger child and only son of Prince Edward , Earl of Wessex , and Sophie , Countess of Wessex , and the youngest grandchild of Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip , Duke of Edinburgh . He is tenth in line to succeed his grandmother . ", "James Francis Edward , Prince of Wales -LRB- 10 June 1688 -- 1 January 1766 -RRB- , nicknamed the Old Pretender , was the son of King James II and VII , the monarch of the three kingdoms of England , Scotland and Ireland , and his second wife Mary of Modena . His Catholic father was deposed in the Glorious Revolution of 1688 only months after his birth , and his Protestant older half-sister , Mary II and her husband William III of Orange became king and queen . The Bill of Rights 1689 and Act of Succession 1701 excluded Catholics from the British throne , and James was raised in exile . After his father 's death in 1701 , James claimed the English , Scottish and Irish thrones as James III of England and Ireland and James VIII of Scotland , in which he was supported by his Jacobite followers and his cousin Louis XIV of France . In 1715 , he unsuccessfully attempted to gain power in Britain during the Jacobite Rising of 1715 . Following his death in 1766 , his oldest son Charles Edward Stuart continued to make these claims pursuant to the Jacobite Succession . ", "Henry George Reginald Molyneux Herbert , 7th Earl of Carnarvon -LRB- 19 January 1924 -- 10 September 2001 -RRB- was a British peer and Racing Manager to Queen Elizabeth II from 1969 . He was the only son of the 6th Earl of Carnarvon by his first -LRB- American-born -RRB- wife Catherine Wendell . ", "Charles Maurice Petty-Fitzmaurice , 9th Marquess of Lansdowne , -LRB- born 21 February 1941 -RRB- , styled Earl of Shelburne between 1944 and 1999 , is a British peer and Vice-Lord Lieutenant of Wiltshire . He is also Earl of Kerry in the peerage of Ireland -LRB- 1722 -RRB- ; Earl of Shelburne and Earl of Wycombe in the peerage of Great Britain -LRB- 1753 and 1784 -RRB- ; Viscount Clanmaurice , Viscount Fitzmaurice -LRB- 1751 -RRB- , and Viscount Calne and Calston ; the 30th Baron of Kerry and Lixnaw in the peerage of Ireland -LRB- 1181 -RRB- ; Baron Dunkeron , and Baron Wycombe . ", "James Alexander Robert McEwen Severn -LRB- born 10 October 1991 -RRB- is an English footballer who plays as a goalkeeper . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Annabelle_-LRB-doll-RRB-", "Ed_and_Lorraine_Warren", "Northern_Life_Museum", "Ministry_-LRB-comics-RRB-", "Folklore_Museum_of_Kastoria" ]

[ "Annabelle is a Raggedy Ann doll alleged by demonologists Ed and Lorraine Warren to be haunted . The doll resides in a glass box at The Warrens ' Occult Museum in Monroe , Connecticut . The story served as the inspiration for the films Annabelle -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , and the upcoming , Annabelle : Creation -LRB- 2017 -RRB- . Annabelle has been compared to Robert the Doll and was described in Gerald Brittle 's 2002 biography of Ed and Lorraine Warren , The Demonologist . ", "Edward Warren Miney -LRB- September 7 , 1926 -- August 23 , 2006 -RRB- and Lorraine Rita Warren -LRB- née Moran , born January 31 , 1927 -RRB- were a married Roman Catholic couple who were highly controversial American paranormal investigators and authors associated with prominent cases of hauntings . Edward was a World War II United States Navy veteran and former police officer who became a self-taught and self-professed demonologist , author , and lecturer . Lorraine professes to be clairvoyant and a light trance medium who worked closely with her husband . In 1952 , the Warrens founded the New England Society for Psychic Research , the oldest ghost hunting group in New England . They authored numerous books about the paranormal and about their private investigations into various reports of paranormal activity . They claimed to have investigated over 10,000 cases during their career . The Warrens were among the very first investigators in the controversial Amityville haunting . According to the Warrens , the N.E.S.P.R. utilizes a variety of individuals , including medical doctors , researchers , police officers , nurses , college students , and members of the clergy in its investigations . Stories of ghost hauntings popularized by the Warrens have been adapted as , or have indirectly inspired , dozens of films , television series and documentaries , including 17 films in the Amityville Horror series alone . Other adaptations include the 2013 movie The Conjuring , its prequel/spinoff from 2014 , Annabelle , and its sequel , The Conjuring 2 , released in 2016 . Skeptics Perry DeAngelis and Steve Novella have investigated the Warren 's evidence and found it all to be `` blarney '' . Skeptical investigators Joe Nickell and Ben Radford concluded that the more famous hauntings , Amityville and the Snedeker 's , did not happen and had been `` invented '' . ", "The Northern Life Museum is in Fort Smith , Northwest Territories , Canada . The museum has a collection of over 13,000 artifacts representing the peoples and history of the North . Many of the artifacts were collected by the Oblate Fathers and the Grey Nuns during their missionary work in the North . ", "Ministry is a horror comic book created by writer-artist LJ Phillips . The comic is set on Crowley Island , an abandoned government centre where horrific occult experiments once took place . Hundreds were maimed and killed in the government 's quest for occult knowledge . The final experiment was conducted on a young run-away Ruthie and it killed her . As she died , she laid a curse on the Crowley Island . Her death combined with the energies produced by the experiment gave her curse power . Shortly afterwards , military fortifications were set up around the Crowley 1 Research Center to act as a barrier between it and the rest of the world . This was n't to keep people out but rather to contain Ruthie 's curse . In time , this became the final stop for every failed special forces operative , including the series ' protagonist , Sgt David Hanson . Of course , by that time the fortifications had a name . They were called the Ministry . ", "The Folklore Museum of Kastoria , in the northern Greek city of Kastoria , is housed in one of the city ' 's oldest townhouses , the Nerandzis-Aïvazis residence near the lake . The museum has been operating since 1972 , and is run by Harmony -LRB- a music and literary society -RRB- . The two-storey premises were built between the 16th or 17th centuries , and survived in such good condition that the museum was able to open without restoration . All the original furniture is still present . On the ground floor , there are three cellars : the wine cellar contains the wine press , wine barrels and baskets for the grapes ; another stored pickles , oil , olives , preserves , butter , and cheese , and the third contained cereals , pulses and flour . In the latter , pies and bread were made . Wood and coal for heating were also kept on the ground floor . In the courtyard are a well , a boat shelter and a kitchen . There are two family living rooms on the first floor -LRB- one each for summer and winter -RRB- , the former also used as a fur workshop . It has the first sewing machine for furs -LRB- which came from France in 1884 -RRB- . On the second floor are two bedrooms -LRB- one for husband and wife and the other for the children -RRB- and two sitting-rooms , one small and the other large -LRB- the main reception room , used on festivals and holidays -RRB- . It contains a suite of furniture -LRB- with traditional places for the hosts , the metropolitan bishop and Turkish dignitaries -RRB- ; in the alcove are low tables for other guests . Above the bedrooms is a balcony , from which unmarried women could observe ceremonies and celebrations in the house . On this floor there is also a lavatory with a secret exit passageway , useful in emergencies . " ]

[ 2, 1, 0, 0, 1 ]

[ "Benjamin_Franklin", "Founding_Fathers_of_the_United_States", "American_Revolution", "The_Greater_Journey", "American_Revolution_-LRB-disambiguation-RRB-" ]

[ "Benjamin Franklin FRS , FRSE -LRB- April 17 , 1790 -RRB- was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States . Franklin was a renowned polymath and a leading author , printer , political theorist , politician , freemason , postmaster , scientist , inventor , civic activist , statesman , and diplomat . As a scientist , he was a major figure in the American Enlightenment and the history of physics for his discoveries and theories regarding electricity . As an inventor , he is known for the lightning rod , bifocals , and the Franklin stove , among other inventions . He facilitated many civic organizations , including Philadelphia 's fire department and the University of Pennsylvania , an Ivy League institution . Franklin earned the title of `` The First American '' for his early and indefatigable campaigning for colonial unity , initially as an author and spokesman in London for several colonies . As the first United States Ambassador to France , he exemplified the emerging American nation . Franklin was foundational in defining the American ethos as a marriage of the practical values of thrift , hard work , education , community spirit , self-governing institutions , and opposition to authoritarianism both political and religious , with the scientific and tolerant values of the Enlightenment . In the words of historian Henry Steele Commager , `` In a Franklin could be merged the virtues of Puritanism without its defects , the illumination of the Enlightenment without its heat . '' To Walter Isaacson , this makes Franklin `` the most accomplished American of his age and the most influential in inventing the type of society America would become . '' Franklin became a successful newspaper editor and printer in Philadelphia , the leading city in the colonies , publishing the Pennsylvania Gazette at the age of 23 . He became wealthy publishing this and Poor Richard 's Almanack , which he authored under the pseudonym `` Richard Saunders '' . After 1767 , he was associated with the Pennsylvania Chronicle , a newspaper that was known for its revolutionary sentiments and criticisms of the British policies . He pioneered and was first president of The Academy and College of Philadelphia which opened in 1751 and later became the University of Pennsylvania . He organized and was the first secretary of the American Philosophical Society and was elected president in 1769 . Franklin became a national hero in America as an agent for several colonies when he spearheaded an effort in London to have the Parliament of Great Britain repeal the unpopular Stamp Act . An accomplished diplomat , he was widely admired among the French as American minister to Paris and was a major figure in the development of positive Franco-American relations . His efforts proved vital for the American Revolution in securing shipments of crucial munitions from France . He was promoted to deputy postmaster-general for the British colonies in 1753 , having been Philadelphia postmaster for many years , and this enabled him to set up the first national communications network . During the Revolution , he became the first US Postmaster General . He was active in community affairs and colonial and state politics , as well as national and international affairs . From 1785 to 1788 , he served as governor of Pennsylvania . He initially owned and dealt in slaves but , by the 1750s , he argued against slavery from an economic perspective and became one of the most prominent abolitionists . His colorful life and legacy of scientific and political achievement , and his status as one of America 's most influential Founding Fathers have seen Franklin honored more than two centuries after his death on coinage and the $ 100 bill , warships , and the names of many towns , counties , educational institutions , and corporations , as well as countless cultural references . ", "The Founding Fathers of the United States are those individuals of the Thirteen Colonies in North America who led the American Revolution against the authority of the British Crown in word and deed and contributed to the establishment of the United States of America . Historian Richard B. Morris in 1973 identified the following seven figures as the key Founding Fathers : John Adams , Benjamin Franklin , Alexander Hamilton , John Jay , Thomas Jefferson , James Madison , and George Washington . Adams , Jefferson , and Franklin were members of the Committee of Five that drafted the Declaration of Independence . Hamilton , Madison , and Jay were authors of the The Federalist Papers , advocating ratification of the Constitution . Jay , Adams and Franklin negotiated the Treaty of Paris -LRB- 1783 -RRB- that would end the American Revolutionary War . Washington was Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army and was President of the Constitutional Convention . Washington , Jay and Franklin are considered the Founding Fathers of U.S. Intelligence by the CIA . All held additional important roles in the early government of the United States , with Washington , Adams , Jefferson , and Madison serving as President . Four of these seven - Washington , Jay , Hamilton and Madison - did not sign the Declaration of Independence . The term Founding Fathers is sometimes used to refer to the Signers of the embossed version of the Declaration of Independence in 1776 . It is not to be confused with the term Framers ; the Framers are defined by the National Archives as those 55 individuals who were appointed to be delegates to the 1787 Constitutional Convention and took part in drafting the proposed Constitution of the United States . Of the 55 Framers , only 39 were signers of the Constitution . Two further groupings of Founding Founders include : 1 -RRB- those who signed the Continental Association , a trade ban and one of the colonists ' first collective volleys protesting British control and the Intolerable Acts in 1774 or 2 -RRB- those who signed the Articles of Confederation , the first U.S. constitutional document . The phrase `` Founding Fathers '' is a twentieth-century appellation , first coined by Warren G. Harding in 1916 . In the 19th century , they were referred to as simply , the `` Fathers '' . Some historians have begun to eschew the limiting Great Man theory associated with the term `` Founding Fathers '' and apply it to a broader group of people , that includes not only Morris ' `` Seven '' or the Signers or the Framers but also all those , no matter their race or gender , who , whether as politicians , jurists , statesmen , soldiers , diplomats , or ordinary citizens , took part in winning U.S. independence and creating the United States of America . ", "The American Revolution was a political upheaval that took place between 1765 and 1783 during which colonists in the Thirteen American Colonies maintained by force of arms their refusal to submit to the authority of the King and Parliament of Great Britain , and founded the independent United States . Starting in 1765 , members of American colonial society rejected the authority of the British Parliament to tax them and to create other laws affecting them without colonial representatives in the government . During the following decade , protests continued to escalate by colonists -LRB- known as Patriots -RRB- , as in the Boston Tea Party in 1773 , during which patriots destroyed a consignment of taxed tea from the Parliament-controlled and favored East India Company . The British responded by closing Boston Harbour , demanding that it would not be re-opened until those responsible for the vandalism of property owned by innocent third party merchants paid for the damages caused by their actions in 1774 in what was known as the Coercive Acts , following which Patriots in the other colonies rallied behind Massachusetts . In late 1774 , the Patriots set up their own alternative government to better coordinate their resistance efforts against Great Britain , while other colonists , known as Loyalists , preferred to remain aligned to the British Crown . Tensions escalated to the outbreak of fighting between Patriot militia and British regulars at Lexington and Concord in April 1775 . The conflict then developed into a global war , during which the Patriots -LRB- and later their French , Spanish , and Dutch allies -RRB- fought the British and Loyalists in what became known as the American Revolutionary War -LRB- 1775 -- 1783 -RRB- . Patriots in each of the thirteen colonies formed Provincial Congresses that assumed power from the old colonial governments and suppressed Loyalism , and from there built a Continental Army under the leadership of General George Washington . The Continental Congress determined King George III 's rule to be tyrannical and infringing the colonists ' `` rights as Englishmen '' , and declared the colonies free and independent states on July 4 , 1776 . The Patriot leadership professed the political philosophies of liberalism and republicanism to reject monarchy and aristocracy , and proclaimed that all men are created equal . Congress rejected British proposals requiring allegiance to the monarchy and abandonment of independence . The British were forced out of Boston in 1776 , but then captured and held New York City for the duration of the war . They blockaded the ports and captured other cities for brief periods , but failed to defeat Washington 's forces . After a failed Patriot invasion of Canada during the winter of 1775 -- 76 , a British army was captured at the Battle of Saratoga in late 1777 , following which the French openly entered the war as allies of the United States . The war later turned to the American South , where the British under the leadership of Charles Cornwallis captured an army at South Carolina but failed to enlist enough volunteers from Loyalist civilians to take effective control of the territory . A combined American -- French force captured a second British army at Yorktown in 1781 , effectively ending the war in the United States . The Treaty of Paris in 1783 formally ended the conflict , confirming the new nation 's complete separation from the British Empire . The United States took possession of nearly all the territory east of the Mississippi River and south of the Great Lakes , with the British retaining control of Canada and Spain taking Florida . Among the significant results of the revolution was the creation of a new Constitution of the United States . The new Constitution established a relatively strong federal national government that included an executive , a national judiciary , and a bicameral Congress that represented states in the Senate and population in the House of Representatives . The Revolution also resulted in the migration of around 60,000 Loyalists to other British territories , especially British North America -LRB- Canada -RRB- . ", "The Greater Journey : Americans in Paris is a 2011 non-fiction book by the Pulitzer Prize-winning author David McCullough . In a departure from McCullough 's most recent works , Founding Fathers like Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Jefferson , who spent time in Paris , are not covered . Instead , the book is about 19th-century Americans like James Fenimore Cooper and Samuel Morse , who migrated to Paris and went on to achieve importance in culture or innovation . Other subjects include Elihu Washburne , the American ambassador to France during the Franco-Prussian War , Elizabeth Blackwell , the first female doctor in the United States , and American artists who worked in Paris such as George Healy , Mary Cassatt , and Augustus Saint-Gaudens . ", "American Revolution may refer to : The American Revolution , which includes the political and social developments of the United States independence , including the origins and aftermath of the war The American Revolutionary War , which highlights and discusses only the military history of the American Revolution The American Revolution , a 2006 documentary mini-series broadcast on The History Channel The American Revolution , a 2014 documentary mini-series broadcast on the American Heroes Channel Thee American Revolution , an indie rock band formed in 2004 . The American Revolution -LRB- film -RRB- , an upcoming music documentary film on Boston radio station WBCN-FM focusing on the late 1960s and early 1970s . " ]

[ 2, 2, 1, 0, 0 ]

[ "Ed_Decter", "Jeff,_Who_Lives_at_Home", "Static_-LRB-1986_film-RRB-", "Evil_Ed", "Scary_or_Die" ]

[ "Edward I. `` Ed '' Decter -LRB- born May 19 , 1959 -RRB- is an American film director , film producer and screenwriter . His credits include , There 's Something About Mary , The Santa Clause 3 , The Santa Clause 2 , The New Guy , The Lizzie McGuire Movie , and television series Boy Meets World , In Plain Sight , and Shadowhunters . He frequently collaborates with fellow producer and writer John J. Strauss . Decter graduated from Wesleyan University in 1979 . ", "Jeff , Who Lives at Home is an American comedy-drama film starring Jason Segel and Ed Helms , written and directed by Jay and Mark Duplass and co-starring Judy Greer and Susan Sarandon . The film premiered on September 14 , 2011 at the 2011 Toronto International Film Festival and then saw a limited release in USA and Canada on March 16 , 2012 , after having been pushed back from the original date of March 2 . The film received positive reviews from critics . ", "Static is an American comedy-drama film directed by Mark Romanek . The film stars Keith Gordon , Amanda Plummer , and Bob Gunton , and was released in 1986 by NFI Productions . It was shot in Page , Arizona and Lake Powell , Arizona . The film was written by the film 's star Keith Gordon and director Mark Romanek , in his directorial debut , before he went on to direct numerous music videos for much his career . However , Romanek has since disowned the film , claiming that his subsequent film One Hour Photo -LRB- 2002 -RRB- , as his feature film directorial debut . ", "Evil Ed is a 1995 Swedish Horror comedy film directed by Anders Jacobsson . The film is a satire towards the harsh censoring that the Swedish Statens biografbyrå -LRB- Cinemabureau of the state -RRB- ran from 1911 until halted in 1996 . The bureau was dismissed in 2011 , being the oldest film censoring organization in the world . The filmmakers were publicly ridiculed by the head of the Swedish Film Institute on national television . ", "Scary or Die is a 2012 American horror anthology film that was directed by Bob Badway , Michael Emanuel , and Igor Meglic . The film was released on video on demand on May 1 , 2012 and on DVD on September 11 , 2012 . Initially titled Terror Bytes , the film 's name was later changed to coincide with a horror website by the same name that Emanuel ran with his co-director Igor Meglic and two other filmmakers . The anthology stars Domiziano Arcangeli , Corbin Bleu , and Bill Oberst Jr. , and is composed of five interlocking stories set within the city of Los Angeles . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Ed_Decter", "Jeff,_Who_Lives_at_Home", "Static_-LRB-1986_film-RRB-", "Evil_Ed", "Scary_or_Die" ]

[ "Edward I. `` Ed '' Decter -LRB- born May 19 , 1959 -RRB- is an American film director , film producer and screenwriter . His credits include , There 's Something About Mary , The Santa Clause 3 , The Santa Clause 2 , The New Guy , The Lizzie McGuire Movie , and television series Boy Meets World , In Plain Sight , and Shadowhunters . He frequently collaborates with fellow producer and writer John J. Strauss . Decter graduated from Wesleyan University in 1979 . ", "Jeff , Who Lives at Home is an American comedy-drama film starring Jason Segel and Ed Helms , written and directed by Jay and Mark Duplass and co-starring Judy Greer and Susan Sarandon . The film premiered on September 14 , 2011 at the 2011 Toronto International Film Festival and then saw a limited release in USA and Canada on March 16 , 2012 , after having been pushed back from the original date of March 2 . The film received positive reviews from critics . ", "Static is an American comedy-drama film directed by Mark Romanek . The film stars Keith Gordon , Amanda Plummer , and Bob Gunton , and was released in 1986 by NFI Productions . It was shot in Page , Arizona and Lake Powell , Arizona . The film was written by the film 's star Keith Gordon and director Mark Romanek , in his directorial debut , before he went on to direct numerous music videos for much his career . However , Romanek has since disowned the film , claiming that his subsequent film One Hour Photo -LRB- 2002 -RRB- , as his feature film directorial debut . ", "Evil Ed is a 1995 Swedish Horror comedy film directed by Anders Jacobsson . The film is a satire towards the harsh censoring that the Swedish Statens biografbyrå -LRB- Cinemabureau of the state -RRB- ran from 1911 until halted in 1996 . The bureau was dismissed in 2011 , being the oldest film censoring organization in the world . The filmmakers were publicly ridiculed by the head of the Swedish Film Institute on national television . ", "Scary or Die is a 2012 American horror anthology film that was directed by Bob Badway , Michael Emanuel , and Igor Meglic . The film was released on video on demand on May 1 , 2012 and on DVD on September 11 , 2012 . Initially titled Terror Bytes , the film 's name was later changed to coincide with a horror website by the same name that Emanuel ran with his co-director Igor Meglic and two other filmmakers . The anthology stars Domiziano Arcangeli , Corbin Bleu , and Bill Oberst Jr. , and is composed of five interlocking stories set within the city of Los Angeles . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Burj_Khalifa", "Khalifan,_Mahabad", "Jeddah_Corniche", "Al-Burj,_al-Bab", "Postage_stamps_and_postal_history_of_Saudi_Arabia" ]

[ "The Burj Khalifa -LRB- برج خليفة , Arabic for `` Khalifa Tower '' ; pronounced -LSB- langˈbɝdʒ_kə ` li : fə -RSB- -RRB- , known as the Burj Dubai before its inauguration , is a megatall skyscraper in Dubai , United Arab Emirates . With a total height of 829.8 m including the antenna and a roof height of 828 m , the Burj Khalifa is currently the tallest structure in the world since topping out in late 2008 . Construction of the Burj Khalifa began in 2004 , with the exterior completed 5 years later in 2009 . The primary structure is reinforced concrete . The building was opened in 2010 as part of a new development called Downtown Dubai . It is designed to be the centrepiece of large-scale , mixed-use development . The decision to construct the building is reportedly based on the government 's decision to diversify from an oil-based economy , and for Dubai to gain international recognition . The building was named in honour of the ruler of Abu Dhabi and president of the United Arab Emirates , Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan ; Abu Dhabi and the UAE government lent Dubai money to pay its debts . The building broke numerous height records , including its designation as the tallest tower in the world . Burj Khalifa was designed by Adrian Smith , then of Skidmore , Owings & Merrill -LRB- SOM -RRB- , whose firm designed the Willis Tower and One World Trade Center . Hyder Consulting was chosen to be the supervising engineer with NORR Group Consultants International Limited chosen to supervise the architecture of the project . The design is derived from the Islamic architecture of the region , such as in the Great Mosque of Samarra . The Y-shaped tripartite floor geometry is designed to optimize residential and hotel space . A buttressed central core and wings are used to support the height of the building . Although this design was derived from Tower Palace III , the Burj Khalifa 's central core houses all vertical transportation with the exception of egress stairs within each of the wings . The structure also features a cladding system which is designed to withstand Dubai 's hot summer temperatures . It contains a total of 57 elevators and 8 escalators . Critical reception to Burj Khalifa has been generally positive , and the building has received many awards . However , the labour issues during construction were controversial , since the building was built primarily by migrant workers from South Asia with several allegations of mistreatment . Poor working conditions are common , as the result of the lack of minimum wage laws in the United Arab Emirates . Several instances of suicides have been reported , which is not uncommon for migrant construction workers in Dubai despite safety precautions in place . ", "Khalifan -LRB- خليفان , also Romanized as Khalīfān -RRB- is a city in Khalifan District , Mahabad County , West Azerbaijan Province , Iran . At the 2006 census , its population was 425 , in 77 families . ", "The Jeddah Corniche is the 30 km coastal resort area of the city of Jeddah . Located along the Red Sea , the corniche features a coastal road , recreation areas , pavilions and large-scale civic sculptures -- as well as King Fahd 's Fountain , the highest fountain in the world . Also located here is the Al-Rahmah Mosque -LRB- formerly known as the Fatimah Mosque -RRB- , which is a popular attraction to visitors . Currently undergoing renovation , the Corniche will be renewed , expanded , and upgraded with restaurants , play areas , and entertainment . The entire renovation phase should be completed around early 2014 . The renovations will include a Ferris wheel similar to the London Eye . The Jeddah Corniche derives its name from the originally French and Italian term for a coastal road , especially a road along the face of a cliff . ", "al-Burj , also spelled Borj , is a village in northern Aleppo Governorate , northwestern Syria . Situated in the northern Aqil mountains , bordering the Queiq Plain to the west , it is located between al-Rai and al-Bab , some 40 km northeast of the city of Aleppo , and south of the border to the Turkish province of Kilis . Al Burj was captured by Turkish-backed Free Syrian Army from ISIS , On 7 November 2016 . Administratively the village belongs to Nahiya al-Bab in al-Bab District . Nearby localities include Tall Battal to the south , and Ka'ibah to the northwest , on the Queiq Plain . In the 2004 census , al-Burj had a population of 236 . ", "Abdul Rajak mansuri This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Saudi Arabia , formerly known as the Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd until 22 September 1932 . The Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd had been separate countries until the mid-1920s . Saudi Arabia is the largest Arab country of the Middle East . It is bordered by Jordan and Iraq on the north and northeast , Kuwait , Qatar , Bahrain and the United Arab Emirates on the east , Oman on the southeast , and Yemen on the south . The Persian Gulf lies to the northeast and the Red Sea to its west . It has an estimated population of 28 million , and its size is approximately 2149690 km2 . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Padua", "Padovo_pri_Osilnici", "Italian_general_election,_1953_-LRB-Veneto-RRB-", "CUOA_Foundation", "San_Stino_di_Livenza" ]

[ "Padua -LRB- -LSB- ˈpædju.ə -RSB- or -LSB- ˈpædʒu.ə -RSB- , Padova -LSB- ˈpaːdova -RSB- ; Pàdova -RRB- is a city and comune in Veneto , northern Italy . It is the capital of the province of Padua and the economic and communications hub of the area . Padua 's population is 214,000 . The city is sometimes included , with Venice -LRB- Italian Venezia -RRB- and Treviso , in the Padua-Treviso-Venice Metropolitan Area , which has a population of c. 1,600,000 . Padua stands on the Bacchiglione River , 40 km west of Venice and 29 km southeast of Vicenza . The Brenta River , which once ran through the city , still touches the northern districts . Its agricultural setting is the Venetian Plain -LRB- Pianura Veneta -RRB- . To the city 's south west lies the Euganaean Hills , praised by Lucan and Martial , Petrarch , Ugo Foscolo , and Shelley . It hosts the University of Padua , founded in 1222 , where Galileo Galilei was a lecturer . The city is picturesque , with a dense network of arcaded streets opening into large communal piazze , and many bridges crossing the various branches of the Bacchiglione , which once surrounded the ancient walls like a moat . Padua is the setting for most of the action in Shakespeare 's The Taming of the Shrew . There is a play by the Victorian writer Oscar Wilde , titled The Duchess Of Padua . ", "Padovo pri Osilnici -LRB- -LSB- ˈpaːdɔʋɔ pɾi ɔˈsiːu̯nitsi -RSB- ; in older sources also Padova , Padua -RRB- is a small settlement in the hills above the left bank of the Kolpa River in the Municipality of Osilnica in southern Slovenia . The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region . ", "The Italian general election of 1953 took place on 7 June 1953 . Christian Democracy -LRB- DC -RRB- lost some ground , but still gained a convincing 53.4 % of the vote -LRB- 62.2 % in Vicenza , 59.9 % in Treviso and 59.6 % in Padua -RRB- . The Italian Socialist Party -LRB- PSI -RRB- and the Italian Communist Party -LRB- PCI -RRB- ran separate lists , gaining 14.6 and 14.2 % of the vote . Veneto was thus one of the few regions of Italy where the Socialists were stronger than the PCI , even without counting the PSDI -LRB- 5.6 % -RRB- . The PSI got its best results in the provinces of Venice -LRB- 21.6 % -RRB- , Rovigo -LRB- 19.8 % -RRB- and Verona -LRB- 18.2 % -RRB- , but not in the traditional Socialist stronghold of Belluno , where it was passed by the PSDI -LRB- 12.3 against 11.0 % -RRB- . The PCI was stronger in Rovigo -LRB- 28.2 % -RRB- and Venice -LRB- 19.7 % -RRB- . ", "CUOA Foundation -LRB- Centro Universitario di Organizzazione Aziendale -- University Centre of Business Administration -RRB- is one of the first Business School born in Italy in the 50 's , in an important period for managerial training in Italy . Founded in 1957 as a post - graduate school for secondary education within the University of Padua and as a Business School supported by enterprises , category associations , lending institutions , public bodies and the Universities of Padua , Trento , Trieste , Udine , Venice , Verona and IUAV - University of Venice . The Foundation , with its more than 50 years of activity , developed relationships with about 3.000 companies and both national and international organisations . Fondazione CUOA manages more than 500 lecturers , didactic and scientific representatives and cooperates with 53 foreign countries and 26 foreign Universities and Business Schools . The Foundation is a founder member of ASFOR , , the association of Italian Business Schools . It is numbered among the first Italian Business School and it is considered the most important in the north east of Italy . . Fondazione CUOA is hosted in the Villa Valmarana Morosini in Altavilla Vicentina , in the outskirts of Vicenza . ", "San Stino di Livenza -LRB- Venetian : San Stin -RRB- is a town in the province of Venice , Veneto , northern Italy . It is connected by the SP61 provincial road and by the motorway A4 . The main square -LRB- piazza -RRB- is the Piazza Aldo Moro . " ]

[ 2, 0, 1, 0, 0 ]

[ "The_Fame", "The_Edge_of_Seventeen", "Pitch_Perfect_2", "Hollywood_Treasure", "Get_Out_-LRB-film-RRB-" ]

[ "The Fame is the debut studio album by American singer Lady Gaga . It was released on August 19 , 2008 through Interscope Records . After joining Kon Live Distribution and Cherrytree Records in 2008 , Gaga began working on the album with different producers , primarily RedOne , Martin Kierszenbaum and Rob Fusari . Musically , The Fame is a synthpop and dance-pop album that has influences of pop music from the 1980s . Lyrically , the album visualizes Gaga 's love of fame in general while also dealing with subjects such as love , sex , money , drugs and sexual identity . Promotion was primarily through The Fame Ball Tour and multiple television appearances . The Fame was included as a bonus disc on the deluxe edition of the extended play , The Fame Monster -LRB- November 18 , 2009 -RRB- . The album received generally favorable reviews from music critics , who commended the album 's lyrical content and Gaga 's musicianship and vocal ability . The album was a commercial success , topping the charts in different countries worldwide , including the United Kingdom , Canada , Germany , Ireland , Poland and Switzerland . In the United States , it peaked at number two on the Billboard 200 , while topping the Dance/Electronic Albums chart for 106 non-consecutive weeks . The Fame became the fifth best-selling album of 2009 . It has sold 4.7 million copies in the United States as of April 2016 and is the seventh best-selling digital album in history . The album sold 15 million copies worldwide as of November 2010 . The first two singles from The Fame -- `` Just Dance '' and `` Poker Face '' -- gained international success , topping the charts in several countries worldwide , including the United States , United Kingdom and Australia . Subsequent single `` LoveGame '' and `` Paparazzi '' , were commercial successes as well , charting within the top ten of more than ten countries worldwide . `` Eh , Eh -LRB- Nothing Else I Can Say -RRB- '' had a limited release , while `` Beautiful , Dirty , Rich '' was a promotional single . The Fame has won multiple awards since its release . It was nominated for a total of five Grammy Awards at the 52nd Grammy Awards , including the Grammy Award for Album of the Year . It won the Grammy Award for Best Electronic/Dance Album and the Best Dance Recording for the single `` Poker Face '' . It also won Best International Album at the 2010 BRIT Awards . In 2013 , Rolling Stone named The Fame as one of the `` 100 Greatest Debut Albums of All-Time '' . ", "The Edge of Seventeen is a 2016 American coming-of-age comedy-drama film written and directed by Kelly Fremon Craig . The film stars Hailee Steinfeld , Woody Harrelson , Kyra Sedgwick , and Haley Lu Richardson . Principal photography began on October 21 , 2015 , in Vancouver and ended on December 3 , 2015 . The film premiered at the 2016 Toronto International Film Festival on September 16 , 2016 , and was theatrically released on November 18 , 2016 , by STX Entertainment . It received critical acclaim and grossed just over $ 18 million against its $ 9 million budget . ", "Pitch Perfect 2 is a 2015 American comedy film directed and co-produced by Elizabeth Banks and written by Kay Cannon . It is a sequel to the 2012 film Pitch Perfect and the second installment in the Pitch Perfect series . The film centers on the fictional Barden University and The Bellas , an all-female a cappella singing group . The film features an ensemble cast , including Anna Kendrick , Rebel Wilson , Hailee Steinfeld , Brittany Snow , Alexis Knapp , Hana Mae Lee , Ester Dean , Chrissie Fit , Kelley Jakle and Shelley Regner as The Bellas . It was released on May 15 , 2015 by Universal Pictures . The film grossed over $ 287 million and surpassed the total gross of the original film -LRB- $ 115.4 million -RRB- in five days , and also became the highest-grossing music comedy film of all-time , overtaking School of Rock -LRB- $ 131.3 million -RRB- . A sequel , Pitch Perfect 3 , is set to be released on December 22 , 2017 . ", "Hollywood Treasure is an American , reality television series that began airing on SyFy , October 27 , 2010 , which follows a Hollywood , California-based appraiser named Joe Maddalena and his team as they track down , appraise and help auction off valuable film , television , and pop culture memorabilia . ", "Get Out is a 2017 American horror film written , co-produced and directed by Jordan Peele , in his directorial debut . The film stars Daniel Kaluuya , Allison Williams , Lil Rel Howery , Bradley Whitford , Caleb Landry Jones , Stephen Root and Catherine Keener , and follows a young interracial couple who visit the mysterious estate of the woman 's parents . Get Out premiered at Sundance Film Festival on January 24 , 2017 , and was theatrically released in the United States on February 24 by Universal Pictures . The film has grossed $ 241 million worldwide against its $ 4.5 million budget and received universal acclaim from critics and audiences alike . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "This_World_and_Body", "Moving_on_the_Edges_of_Things", "Touch_My_Body", "A_Touch_of_Sadness", "Moving_Targets_-LRB-Penetration_album-RRB-" ]

[ "This World and Body is the debut album by Marion released in 1996 on London Records . It reached # 10 in the UK albums chart . The album contained the singles `` Sleep '' , `` Toys for Boys '' , `` Let 's All Go Together '' and `` Time '' . The vinyl LP also contained a free one-sided 7 '' single of the debut single `` Violent Men '' . A twentieth anniversary edition of the album was released as an expanded three CD set and vinyl LP by Demon Music Group in September 2016 . ", "Moving on the Edges of Things is an EP by the American band This Will Destroy You . It was released on August 10 , 2010 through Magic Bullet Records , although it was available on the label 's website from July . It was released on 12 '' vinyl , with the first , and currently only , pressing limited to 1000 copies . ", "`` Touch My Body '' is a song by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey , taken from her eleventh studio album , E = MC ² -LRB- 2008 -RRB- . Carey co-produced the song with Christopher `` Tricky '' Stewart , and they co-wrote it with Crystal `` Cri $ tyle '' Johnson , and Terius `` The Dream '' Nash . `` Touch My Body '' was released as the album 's lead single on February 12 , 2008 . The song 's lyrics feature a double message , with the first describing sexual fantasies with her lover , while also jokingly warning him against recording or releasing information regarding their rendezvous . The song received generally positive reviews from music critics , with many highlighting the song 's light pop melody and hook ; however , it also garnered some backlash from certain music reviewers , who felt the song did not properly represent the singer 's acclaimed 5-octave vocal range . `` Touch My Body '' became Carey 's eighteenth chart topper on the Billboard Hot 100 , making Carey the solo artist with the most number one singles in United States history , surpassing the record held by Elvis Presley . Additionally , it gave Carey her 79th week atop the chart , tying Presley for most weeks at number one . Throughout Europe , the song also achieved high charting , peaking within the top five on the charts in Italy , Japan , New Zealand , Switzerland , and the United Kingdom . Carey performed `` Touch My Body '' on several live televised events and programs , debuting it on Saturday Night Live as a two-piece performance . Similarly , Carey opened the Good Morning America `` Summer Concert Series '' on April 25 , 2008 , singing the song , as well as two other singles from E = MC ² . Similar renditions took place at the season premiere party of The Hills , as well as a mash-up of the song with `` I 'll Be Lovin ' U Long Time '' at the Teen Choice Awards . Aside from reprising performances of the British programs The Sunday Night Project and The Paul O'Grady Show , and German talent show Deutschland sucht den Superstar , the song was included on the set-list of Carey 's North American Angels Advocate Tour , held throughout 2009 and 2010 . The song 's music video was directed by filmmaker Brett Ratner , who had previously worked with Carey on five other music videos . It follows around a story revolving around a computer employee 's fantasy as he visits Carey 's home . As he fixes her computer , he enters a fantasy in which the pair perform several activities together , including pillow fights , laser tag , Guitar Hero , slot cars , and frisbee throwing , all while Carey shows off her figure in several revealing outfits . The music video won in the category of `` Best Comedic Video '' at the 2008 BET Awards , and won the `` MTV Video Vanguard Award '' at the 2008 MTV Video Music Awards Japan . Additionally , the video was nominated for `` Best Female Video '' at the 2008 MTV Video Music Awards . ", "A Touch of Sadness is a posthumous 1968 album of material by Jim Reeves who died in 1964 . The album reached No. 3 on the US Country chart . The song `` When You Are Gone was released in September 1968 as the first single from the album and peaked at number 7 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles . ", "Moving Targets '' is the debut studio album by English band Penetration , released in 1978 by record label Virgin . " ]

[ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ]

[ "Annabelle_-LRB-doll-RRB-", "Doll_Mountain", "Smith_Park", "West_Hartford,_Vermont", "Blisse_Joyce" ]

[ "Annabelle is a Raggedy Ann doll alleged by demonologists Ed and Lorraine Warren to be haunted . The doll resides in a glass box at The Warrens ' Occult Museum in Monroe , Connecticut . The story served as the inspiration for the films Annabelle -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , and the upcoming , Annabelle : Creation -LRB- 2017 -RRB- . Annabelle has been compared to Robert the Doll and was described in Gerald Brittle 's 2002 biography of Ed and Lorraine Warren , The Demonologist . ", "Doll Mountain , 1930 ft , is a prominent peak in the Taconic Mountains of western Massachusetts . The mountain is located in Pittsfield State Forest . The summit is wooded and trailless , but the multi-use Doll Mountain Trail traverses its northern slopes . The mountain is wooded with northern hardwood tree species . Doll Mountain is located within Hancock , Massachusetts . The Taconic ridgeline continues north from Doll Mountain as Smith Mountain , south as Holy Mount and its ridge spur called Mount Lebanon , and to the east as Shaker Mountain . It is bordered by West Hill and The Knob to the west across the Wyomanock Creek valley . The west side of the mountain drains into Wyomanock Creek , then into Kinderhook Creek , thence into the Hudson River and Long Island Sound . The east side drains into Lily Brook , thence to the Housatonic River and Long Island Sound . ", "Smith Park is a park in Middletown , Connecticut , United States , which was acquired by the town in 1974 . It is located on the north side of Country Club Road in Middletown . Comprising 50 acre of land , it includes ball fields , a playground , hiking trails , horseshoe pits , shuffleboards , and a pavilion . Permission can be obtained from the Middletown Park and Recreation Commission to host a family outing or company picnic at the pavilion , though handicapped access is limited . The park is closed at sunset and the gates are locked . There is a wetland meadow that has shrubs like silky dogwood , winterberry , buttonbush , and Northern highbush blueberry . In the center of the woodland there is a small pond . ", "West Hartford is an unincorporated community village in the town of Hartford , Windsor County , Vermont . It is the most rural of Hartford 's five villages , situated on the White River and crossed by the Appalachian Trail . Almost half of the village was wiped out by a flood in 1927 . Some areas have been developed for residential use , but significant forest , farming and open lands remain . West Hartford features a country store , a post office , a small library and a town park along the White River which is a popular fishing site . The village center is listed on the National Register of Historic Places as the West Hartford Village Historic District . ", "Blisse Joyce -LRB- born March 6 , 1983 in Lunenburg , Nova Scotia as Blisse Comstock -RRB- is a Canadian curler from Lunenburg , Nova Scotia . She is a former Canadian Junior curling champion . She currently plays second for Jill Brothers . In 2003 , Joyce played second for Robyn Mattie 's Boylston , Nova Scotia junior rink . They won their provincial junior championship , giving them the right to represent Nova Scotia at the 2003 Canadian Junior Curling Championships in Ottawa -LRB- where Mattie now lives -RRB- . The team finished in first place -LRB- 10-2 -RRB- after the round robin , but lost to Saskatchewan 's Stefanie Miller in the final . In 2004 , Joyce joined the Jill Mouzar -LRB- now Brothers -RRB- team . They once again won the Nova Scotia junior title , and finished first place -LRB- 9-3 -RRB- at the 2004 Canadian Juniors in Victoria , British Columbia . This time they won in the final , defeating Quebec 's Marie Cantin . They would go on to represent Canada at the 2004 World Junior Curling Championships in Trois-Rivières , Quebec . They went through the round robin undefeated , only to lose to Norway 's Linn Githmark in the final . Joyce played with Mouzar occasionally after juniors until Mouzar moved to Ontario . In 2010 , Colleen Jones took over as skip of the team before succumbing to meningitis . Third Heather Smith became skip , and led third Danielle Parsons , third Joyce and lead Teri Lake to Joyce 's first provincial women 's title . They would represent Nova Scotia at the 2011 Scotties Tournament of Hearts in Charlottetown , Prince Edward Island , with a 7-4 record , going on to win the Bronze Medal Game against Ontario 's Rachel Homan For the 2011-2012 season the team will continue without Colleen Jones , who has recruited a new team . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "IPhone_4", "IOS_4", "IPhone_4S", "IPhone", "Smartphone" ]

[ "The iPhone 4 is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc. . Following a number of notable leaks , the iPhone 4 was first unveiled on June 7 , 2010 , at Apple 's Worldwide Developers Conference in San Francisco , and was released on June 24 , 2010 , in the United States , United Kingdom , France , Germany and Japan . It is the 4th generation of iPhone , succeeding the 3GS and preceding the 4S . The iPhone 4 introduced a new hardware design to the iPhone family , which Apple 's CEO Steve Jobs touted as the thinnest smartphone in the world at the time ; it consisted of an uninsulated stainless steel frame which doubles as an antenna , with internal components situated between chemically strengthened aluminosilicate glass . The iPhone 4 also introduced Apple 's new high-resolution `` Retina Display '' ; while maintaining the same physical size and aspect ratio as its precursors , its liquid crystal display had a pixel density of 326 pixels per inch . The iPhone 4 also introduced Apple 's A4 system-on-chip , along with iOS 4 -- which notably introduced multitasking functionality and Apple 's new FaceTime video chat service . The iPhone 4 was also the first iPhone to include a front-facing camera , and the first to be released in a version for CDMA networks , ending AT&T 's period as the exclusive carrier of iPhone products in the United States . It was succeeded as Apple 's flagship smartphone in 2011 by the iPhone 4S . However , iPhone 4 continued to be produced until 2013 . The iPhone 4 received generally positive reception , with critics praising its revamped design and more powerful hardware in comparison to previous models . While it was a market success , with over 600,000 pre-orders within 24 hours , the release of the iPhone 4 was plagued by highly publicized reports that abnormalities in its new antenna design caused the device to lose its cellular signal if held in a certain way . Most human contact with the phone 's outer edge would cause a significant decrease in signal strength . The iPhone 4 spent the longest time as Apple 's flagship iPhone model at fifteen months , and had the longest lifespan of any iPhone ever produced , spanning close to four years and available in some developing countries until early 2015 . ", "iOS 4 is the fourth major release of the iOS mobile operating system designed by Apple Inc. , being the successor to iPhone OS 3 . It was released on June 21 , 2010 , and was the first major release to be renamed to simply `` iOS '' , and the first major release to drop support for some devices , as well as the first update that iPod Touch users did not have to pay for . iOS 4 was succeeded by iOS 5 , which was released on October 12 , 2011 . ", "The iPhone 4S -LRB- retroactively stylized with a lowercase 's ' as iPhone 4s as of September 2013 -RRB- is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc. . It is the fifth generation of the iPhone , succeeding the iPhone 4 and preceding the iPhone 5 . Announced on October 4 , 2011 at Apple 's Cupertino campus , its media coverage was accompanied by news of the death of former Apple CEO and co-founder Steve Jobs on the following day . Orders could be placed on October 7 , 2011 and mainstream availability in retail stores began on October 14 , 2011 in the United States , Australia , Canada , the United Kingdom , France , Germany , and Japan , sales peaked over its predecessor with more than a million sales in the first twenty-four hours of order availability and more than four million sales in the first four days of retail availability . Further worldwide rollout , including 22 additional countries on October 28 , came over the next several months . This iPhone was named `` 4S '' where `` S '' stood for Siri -LRB- Apple CEO Tim Cook confirmed that during the Q&A session at the D10 conference in May 2012 , -RRB- an iPhone 4S-exclusive intelligent personal assistant that was later included in future generations of mobile Apple products . Retaining the most of the external design of the iPhone 4 , the 4S hosted major internal upgrades , including an upgrade to the Apple A5 chipset , and an 8-megapixel camera with 1080p video recording . It debuted with iOS 5 , the fifth major version of iOS , Apple 's mobile operating system , that introduced features including iCloud , iMessage , Notification Center , Reminders , and Twitter integration . Reception to the was generally favorable . Reviewers noted Siri , the new camera , and processing speeds as significant advantages over the prior model . It was succeeded by the iPhone 5 as Apple 's flagship phone on September 12 , 2012 . The iPhone 4S remained in production , albeit being sold with reduced storage -LRB- from 16/32/64 GB down to 8 GB -RRB- . It was discontinued officially on September 9 , 2014 , following the announcement of the iPhone 6 , but is currently supported as of iOS 9 . During the course of its lifetime , the iPhone 4S is the best-selling iPhone ever produced and it is the first iPhone to support five major versions of iOS : iOS 5 , iOS 6 , iOS 7 , iOS 8 , and iOS 9 . The iPad 2 was supported from iOS 4 to iOS 9 . It is also the last iPhone to have the original 30 pin connector as it was replaced by the Lightning Connector when the iPhone 5 was released . ", "7 / 7 Plus : -RCB- -RCB- | unitssold = 1 billion + | service = -RCB- -RCB- iPhone -LRB- -LSB- ˈaɪfoʊn -RSB- -RRB- is a line of smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc. . They run Apple 's iOS mobile operating system . The first generation iPhone was released on June 29 , 2007 , and there have been multiple new hardware iterations since . The user interface is built around the device 's multi-touch screen , including a virtual keyboard . The iPhone has Wi-Fi and can connect to cellular networks . An iPhone can shoot video -LRB- though this was not a standard feature until the iPhone 3GS -RRB- , take photos , play music , send and receive email , browse the web , send and receive text messages , follow GPS navigation , record notes , perform mathematical calculations , and receive visual voicemail . Other functionality , such as video games , reference works , and social networking , can be enabled by downloading mobile apps . , Apple 's App Store contained more than 2.2 million applications available for the iPhone . Apple has released ten generations of iPhone models , each accompanied by one of the ten major releases of the iOS operating system . The original 1st-generation iPhone was a GSM phone and established design precedents , such as a button placement that has persisted throughout all releases and a screen size maintained for the next four iterations . The iPhone 3G added 3G network support , and was followed by the 3GS with improved hardware , the 4 with a metal chassis , higher display resolution and front-facing camera , and the 4S with improved hardware and the voice assistant Siri . The iPhone 5 featured a taller , 4-inch display and Apple 's newly introduced Lightning connector . In 2013 , Apple released the 5S with improved hardware and a fingerprint reader , and the lower-cost 5C , a version of the 5 with colored plastic casings instead of metal . They were followed by the larger iPhone 6 , with models featuring 4.7 and 5.5-inch displays . The iPhone 6S was introduced the following year , which featured hardware upgrades and support for pressure-sensitive touch inputs , as well as the SE -- which featured hardware from the 6S but the smaller form factor of the 5S . In 2016 , Apple unveiled the iPhone 7 and 7 Plus , which add water resistance , improved system and graphics performance , a new rear dual-camera setup on the Plus model , and new color options , while removing the 3.5 mm headphone jack found on previous models . The original iPhone was described as `` revolutionary '' and a `` game-changer '' for the mobile phone industry . Newer iterations have also garnered praise , and the iPhone 's success has been credited with helping to make Apple one of the world 's most valuable publicly-traded companies . ", "A smartphone is a mobile personal computer with an advanced mobile operating system with features useful for mobile or handheld use . Smartphones , which are typically pocket-sized -LRB- as opposed to tablets , which are much larger in measurement -RRB- , have the ability to place and receive voice/video calls and create and receive text messages , have personal digital assistants -LRB- such as Siri , Google Assistant , Alexa , Cortana , or Bixby -RRB- , an event calendar , a media player , video games , GPS navigation , digital camera and digital video camera . Smartphones can access the Internet through cellular or Wi-Fi and can run a variety of third-party software components -LRB- `` apps '' from places like Google Play Store or Apple App Store -RRB- . They typically have a color display with a graphical user interface that covers more than 76 % of the front surface . The display is almost always a touchscreen and sometimes additionally a touch-enabled keyboard like the Priv/Passport BlackBerrys , which enables the user to use a virtual keyboard to type words and numbers and press onscreen icons to activate `` app '' features . In 1999 , the Japanese firm NTT DoCoMo released the first smartphones to achieve mass adoption within a country . Smartphones became widespread in the late 2000s . Most of those produced from 2012 onward have high-speed mobile broadband 4G LTE , motion sensors , and mobile payment features . In the third quarter of 2012 , one billion smartphones were in use worldwide . Global smartphone sales surpassed the sales figures for regular cell phones in early 2013 . " ]

[ 0, 0, 1, 1, 2 ]

[ "IPhone_4", "IOS_4", "IPhone_4S", "IPhone", "Smartphone" ]

[ "The iPhone 4 is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc. . Following a number of notable leaks , the iPhone 4 was first unveiled on June 7 , 2010 , at Apple 's Worldwide Developers Conference in San Francisco , and was released on June 24 , 2010 , in the United States , United Kingdom , France , Germany and Japan . It is the 4th generation of iPhone , succeeding the 3GS and preceding the 4S . The iPhone 4 introduced a new hardware design to the iPhone family , which Apple 's CEO Steve Jobs touted as the thinnest smartphone in the world at the time ; it consisted of an uninsulated stainless steel frame which doubles as an antenna , with internal components situated between chemically strengthened aluminosilicate glass . The iPhone 4 also introduced Apple 's new high-resolution `` Retina Display '' ; while maintaining the same physical size and aspect ratio as its precursors , its liquid crystal display had a pixel density of 326 pixels per inch . The iPhone 4 also introduced Apple 's A4 system-on-chip , along with iOS 4 -- which notably introduced multitasking functionality and Apple 's new FaceTime video chat service . The iPhone 4 was also the first iPhone to include a front-facing camera , and the first to be released in a version for CDMA networks , ending AT&T 's period as the exclusive carrier of iPhone products in the United States . It was succeeded as Apple 's flagship smartphone in 2011 by the iPhone 4S . However , iPhone 4 continued to be produced until 2013 . The iPhone 4 received generally positive reception , with critics praising its revamped design and more powerful hardware in comparison to previous models . While it was a market success , with over 600,000 pre-orders within 24 hours , the release of the iPhone 4 was plagued by highly publicized reports that abnormalities in its new antenna design caused the device to lose its cellular signal if held in a certain way . Most human contact with the phone 's outer edge would cause a significant decrease in signal strength . The iPhone 4 spent the longest time as Apple 's flagship iPhone model at fifteen months , and had the longest lifespan of any iPhone ever produced , spanning close to four years and available in some developing countries until early 2015 . ", "iOS 4 is the fourth major release of the iOS mobile operating system designed by Apple Inc. , being the successor to iPhone OS 3 . It was released on June 21 , 2010 , and was the first major release to be renamed to simply `` iOS '' , and the first major release to drop support for some devices , as well as the first update that iPod Touch users did not have to pay for . iOS 4 was succeeded by iOS 5 , which was released on October 12 , 2011 . ", "The iPhone 4S -LRB- retroactively stylized with a lowercase 's ' as iPhone 4s as of September 2013 -RRB- is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc. . It is the fifth generation of the iPhone , succeeding the iPhone 4 and preceding the iPhone 5 . Announced on October 4 , 2011 at Apple 's Cupertino campus , its media coverage was accompanied by news of the death of former Apple CEO and co-founder Steve Jobs on the following day . Orders could be placed on October 7 , 2011 and mainstream availability in retail stores began on October 14 , 2011 in the United States , Australia , Canada , the United Kingdom , France , Germany , and Japan , sales peaked over its predecessor with more than a million sales in the first twenty-four hours of order availability and more than four million sales in the first four days of retail availability . Further worldwide rollout , including 22 additional countries on October 28 , came over the next several months . This iPhone was named `` 4S '' where `` S '' stood for Siri -LRB- Apple CEO Tim Cook confirmed that during the Q&A session at the D10 conference in May 2012 , -RRB- an iPhone 4S-exclusive intelligent personal assistant that was later included in future generations of mobile Apple products . Retaining the most of the external design of the iPhone 4 , the 4S hosted major internal upgrades , including an upgrade to the Apple A5 chipset , and an 8-megapixel camera with 1080p video recording . It debuted with iOS 5 , the fifth major version of iOS , Apple 's mobile operating system , that introduced features including iCloud , iMessage , Notification Center , Reminders , and Twitter integration . Reception to the was generally favorable . Reviewers noted Siri , the new camera , and processing speeds as significant advantages over the prior model . It was succeeded by the iPhone 5 as Apple 's flagship phone on September 12 , 2012 . The iPhone 4S remained in production , albeit being sold with reduced storage -LRB- from 16/32/64 GB down to 8 GB -RRB- . It was discontinued officially on September 9 , 2014 , following the announcement of the iPhone 6 , but is currently supported as of iOS 9 . During the course of its lifetime , the iPhone 4S is the best-selling iPhone ever produced and it is the first iPhone to support five major versions of iOS : iOS 5 , iOS 6 , iOS 7 , iOS 8 , and iOS 9 . The iPad 2 was supported from iOS 4 to iOS 9 . It is also the last iPhone to have the original 30 pin connector as it was replaced by the Lightning Connector when the iPhone 5 was released . ", "7 / 7 Plus : -RCB- -RCB- | unitssold = 1 billion + | service = -RCB- -RCB- iPhone -LRB- -LSB- ˈaɪfoʊn -RSB- -RRB- is a line of smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc. . They run Apple 's iOS mobile operating system . The first generation iPhone was released on June 29 , 2007 , and there have been multiple new hardware iterations since . The user interface is built around the device 's multi-touch screen , including a virtual keyboard . The iPhone has Wi-Fi and can connect to cellular networks . An iPhone can shoot video -LRB- though this was not a standard feature until the iPhone 3GS -RRB- , take photos , play music , send and receive email , browse the web , send and receive text messages , follow GPS navigation , record notes , perform mathematical calculations , and receive visual voicemail . Other functionality , such as video games , reference works , and social networking , can be enabled by downloading mobile apps . , Apple 's App Store contained more than 2.2 million applications available for the iPhone . Apple has released ten generations of iPhone models , each accompanied by one of the ten major releases of the iOS operating system . The original 1st-generation iPhone was a GSM phone and established design precedents , such as a button placement that has persisted throughout all releases and a screen size maintained for the next four iterations . The iPhone 3G added 3G network support , and was followed by the 3GS with improved hardware , the 4 with a metal chassis , higher display resolution and front-facing camera , and the 4S with improved hardware and the voice assistant Siri . The iPhone 5 featured a taller , 4-inch display and Apple 's newly introduced Lightning connector . In 2013 , Apple released the 5S with improved hardware and a fingerprint reader , and the lower-cost 5C , a version of the 5 with colored plastic casings instead of metal . They were followed by the larger iPhone 6 , with models featuring 4.7 and 5.5-inch displays . The iPhone 6S was introduced the following year , which featured hardware upgrades and support for pressure-sensitive touch inputs , as well as the SE -- which featured hardware from the 6S but the smaller form factor of the 5S . In 2016 , Apple unveiled the iPhone 7 and 7 Plus , which add water resistance , improved system and graphics performance , a new rear dual-camera setup on the Plus model , and new color options , while removing the 3.5 mm headphone jack found on previous models . The original iPhone was described as `` revolutionary '' and a `` game-changer '' for the mobile phone industry . Newer iterations have also garnered praise , and the iPhone 's success has been credited with helping to make Apple one of the world 's most valuable publicly-traded companies . ", "A smartphone is a mobile personal computer with an advanced mobile operating system with features useful for mobile or handheld use . Smartphones , which are typically pocket-sized -LRB- as opposed to tablets , which are much larger in measurement -RRB- , have the ability to place and receive voice/video calls and create and receive text messages , have personal digital assistants -LRB- such as Siri , Google Assistant , Alexa , Cortana , or Bixby -RRB- , an event calendar , a media player , video games , GPS navigation , digital camera and digital video camera . Smartphones can access the Internet through cellular or Wi-Fi and can run a variety of third-party software components -LRB- `` apps '' from places like Google Play Store or Apple App Store -RRB- . They typically have a color display with a graphical user interface that covers more than 76 % of the front surface . The display is almost always a touchscreen and sometimes additionally a touch-enabled keyboard like the Priv/Passport BlackBerrys , which enables the user to use a virtual keyboard to type words and numbers and press onscreen icons to activate `` app '' features . In 1999 , the Japanese firm NTT DoCoMo released the first smartphones to achieve mass adoption within a country . Smartphones became widespread in the late 2000s . Most of those produced from 2012 onward have high-speed mobile broadband 4G LTE , motion sensors , and mobile payment features . In the third quarter of 2012 , one billion smartphones were in use worldwide . Global smartphone sales surpassed the sales figures for regular cell phones in early 2013 . " ]

[ 0, 0, 1, 1, 2 ]

[ "Night_of_the_Living_Dead_-LRB-1990_film-RRB-", "Night_of_the_Living_Dead", "Dead_Things", "The_Night_Of", "True_Blood_-LRB-season_4-RRB-" ]

[ "Night of the Living Dead is a 1990 American horror film directed by Tom Savini and starring Tony Todd , Patricia Tallman and Tom Towles . It is a remake of George A. Romero 's 1968 horror film of the same name . Romero rewrote the original 1968 screenplay co-authored by John A. Russo . ", "Night of the Living Dead is a 1968 American independent horror film , directed by George A. Romero , starring Duane Jones and Judith O'Dea . It was completed on a $ 114,000 budget and premiered October 1 , 1968 . The film became a financial success , grossing $ 12 million domestically and $ 18 million internationally . It has been a cult classic ever since . Night of the Living Dead was heavily criticized at its release for its explicit gore . It eventually garnered critical acclaim and has been selected by the Library of Congress for preservation in the National Film Registry , as a film deemed `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' . The story follows characters Ben -LRB- Jones -RRB- , Barbra -LRB- O'Dea -RRB- , and five others trapped in a rural farmhouse in Western Pennsylvania , which is attacked by a large and growing group of unnamed `` living dead '' monsters drawing on earlier depictions in popular culture of the ghoul , which has led this type of creature to be referred to most popularly as a zombie . This is the most easily recognized version of the living dead , to the point where people gather in mass quantities for conventions dressed as zombies , complete with makeup and prosthetic limbs . Night of the Living Dead led to five subsequent films between 1978 and 2010 , also directed by Romero , and inspired two remakes ; the most well-known remake was released in 1990 , directed by Tom Savini . ", "`` Dead Things '' is the 13th episode of season 6 of the television series Buffy the Vampire Slayer . ", "The Night Of is an American eight-part crime drama television miniseries based on Criminal Justice , a 2008 -- 09 British television series . The miniseries was written by Richard Price and Steven Zaillian and directed by Zaillian and James Marsh . Broadcast on HBO , The Night Of premiered on July 10 , 2016 to critical acclaim . The first episode premiered on June 24 , 2016 , via HBO on-demand . ", "The fourth season of the television series True Blood contains 12 episodes , bringing the series total to 48 . The season premiered on June 26 , 2011 . Though the storyline picks up twelve and a half months after the events of season three ; the season still begins immediately after final scene of `` Evil Is Going On '' . It is loosely based on the fourth novel in The Southern Vampire Mysteries series , Dead to the World . " ]

[ 0, 1, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "Vera_Wang", "Edith_Hillinger", "Angi_Vera", "The_Belle_of_New_York_-LRB-1952_film-RRB-", "Women_Management" ]

[ "Vera Ellen Wang -LRB- , -LSB- u̯ɑ̌ŋ u̯éɪ̯u̯éɪ̯ -RSB- ; born June 27 , 1949 -RRB- is an American fashion designer based in New York City . ", "Edith Hillinger -LRB- 1933 -RRB- is a California artist who primarily creates watercolor paintings and mixed media collages . She was born in 1933 in Berlin , Germany . In 1937 , her family fled to Turkey , where they lived in Istanbul and Ankara . In 1948 , the family moved to New York , New York , where Hillinger eventually began her formal art education at Cooper Union . She now lives and works in Berkeley , California . She is the daughter of architect Franz Hillinger . ", "Angi Vera is a 1978 Hungarian drama film directed by Pál Gábor . The film was selected as the Hungarian entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 52nd Academy Awards , but was not accepted as a nominee . Vera Angi -LRB- Vera Pap -RRB- is an employee of a hospital in post-WWII Hungary . She complains to her superiors about the unsanitary conditions in the hospital . As her proletarian background fits in nicely with the new doctrine of the communist regime , she is sent to a six-month education course . While in the school , she falls in love with the teacher István André -LRB- Tamás Dunai -RRB- , while informers make conditions difficult for the students . ", "The Belle of New York is a 1952 Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Hollywood musical comedy film set in New York circa 1900 and stars Fred Astaire , Vera-Ellen , Alice Pearce , Marjorie Main , Gale Robbins and Keenan Wynn , with music by Harry Warren and lyrics by Johnny Mercer . The film was directed by Charles Walters . This whimsical -LRB- even by Astaire 's standards -RRB- musical failed at the box office and impressed few critics at the time , mainly due to the nature of the plot which empowers lovers to float free of the influence of gravity - a conceit reprised in the 1999 film Simply Irresistible . Astaire was reluctant to take the project - he was originally supposed to play the role in 1946 but had avoided it through retirement . Clearly stung by its failure , Astaire later claimed that the dance routines - of which there are more than usual - are of a particularly high standard - a rare verdict from such a notoriously self-critical artist . Vera-Ellen is generally viewed as one of Astaire 's most technically proficient dance partners , and this was a factor in his readiness to expand the dance content of the film beyond its traditional proportions . ", "Women Management is a modeling agency based in New York . Founded by Paul Rowland in 1988 , Women also has a sister agency , Supreme Management , which is also part of the Women International Agency Chain . Now there are also offices in Paris and Milan . The New York and Milan offices also have a Women Direct branch , which represents commercial models and celebrities , such as Daniela Pestova and Dylan Guirao . The modeling agency has been called the best agency in New York City by models.com , with 25 models of Women 's board appearing on the site 's top model ranking lists . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Sudhir_Phadke", "B._R._Ambedkar", "Sardar_Ali_Takkar", "Bhudo_Advani", "Samta_Prasad" ]

[ "Sudhir Phadke -LRB- , 25 July 1919 -- 29 July 2002 -RRB- was an accomplished Marathi singer-composer from India . He was regarded as an icon of the Marathi film industry and Marathi Sugam Sangeet -LRB- light music -RRB- for five decades . Apart from Marathi , Phadke sang and composed songs in several Hindi films as well . Phadke 's nickname was Babuji . ", "Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar -LRB- 14 April 1891 -- 6 December 1956 -RRB- , popularly known as Baba Saheb , was an Indian jurist , economist , politician and social reformer who inspired the Dalit Buddhist Movement and campaigned against social discrimination against Untouchables -LRB- Dalits -RRB- , while also supporting the rights of women and labour . He was Independent India 's first law minister and the principal architect of the Constitution of India . Ambedkar was a prolific student , earning doctorates in economics from both Columbia University and the London School of Economics , and gained a reputation as a scholar for his research in law , economics and political science . In his early career he was an economist , professor , and lawyer . His later life was marked by his political activities ; he became involved in campaigning and negotiations for India 's independence , publishing journals , advocating political rights and social freedom for Dalits , and contributing significantly to the establishment of the state of India . In 1956 he converted to Buddhism , initiating mass conversions of Dalits . In 1990 , the Bharat Ratna , India 's highest civilian award , was posthumously conferred upon Ambedkar . Ambedkar 's legacy includes numerous memorials and depictions in popular culture . ", "Sardar Ali Takkar -LRB- سردار علي ټکر , born 15 July 1956 -RRB- is a Pashto music singer , who is mostly famous for singing the revolutionary poetry of Ghani Khan . A mechanical engineer by profession , Takkar is a graduate of the University of Engineering and Technology in Peshawar , Pakistan . In recognition of his services to the field of music , the President of Pakistan had bestowed upon him the Pride of Performance Award . ", "Bhudo Advani -LRB- 17 August 1905 -- 25 July 1985 -RRB- was an Indian cinema character-actor and comedian . He started his acting career in theatre with the notion of spreading awareness on social issues . He came to Bombay on the advice of an Ajanta Cinetone representative and was offered a role in the film , Afzal , also called Hoor-E-Haram in 1933 , directed by Mohan Bhavnani . He later joined Sagar Movietone , becoming an important fixture in most films produced by them . He turned from character roles to comedy performing in Dr. Madhurika -LRB- 1935 -RRB- directed by Sarvottam Badami , Deccan Queen -LRB- 1936 -RRB- and Do Diwaane -LRB- 1936 -RRB- by C. Luhar . Advani also became a vital part in director Mehboob Khan 's films , acting in all the pictures directed by Mehboob while at Sagar Movietone . When Sagar shut down in 1939 , Mehboob formed his own production company , National Studios , Bhudo Advani become a member there but by beginning of the 1940s , Advani was doing freelance work . In a career spanning forty-four years from 1933 -- 1977 , he acted in over ninety films . Belonging to the Sindhi community , Advani along with Moti Prakash and S. P. Menghani , helped toward development and formation of the Sindhi theatre in 1961 . His later memorable roles were in some of Raj Kapoor films like Boot Polish -LRB- 1954 -RRB- in which he lip-synced to the song `` Lapak Jhapak Tu Aa Re Badariya '' , sung by Manna De in Raga Adhana , Shri 420 -LRB- 1955 -RRB- and Ab Dilli Dur Nahin -LRB- 1957 -RRB- . His last film was Shatranj Ke Khiladi -LRB- 1977 -RRB- made by Satyajit Ray . ", "Pandit Samta Prasad -LRB- 20 July 1921 -- 1994 -RRB- was an Indian classical musician and tabla player from the Benares gharana . He played tabla in many Hindi films including , Meri Surat Teri Ankhen -LRB- 1963 -RRB- and Sholay -LRB- 1975 -RRB- , and film music composer Rahul Dev Burman was one of his disciples . He was the son of Pandit Hari Sunder , also known as Bacha Mishra , his grandfather was Pt . Jagannath Mishra , and his ancestors included Pt . Pratap Maharaj , also known as Gudai Maharaj . He was awarded the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award in 1979 , given by the Sangeet Natak Akademi , India 's National Academy of Music , Dance & Drama and the Padma Bhushan , the third highest civilian honour given by Govt . of India in 1991 . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Micke_Kontinen", "Henri_Kontinen", "Henri_Myntti", "Helena_Elisabeth_Goudeket", "Princess_Anna_of_Saxony_-LRB-1836–1859-RRB-" ]

[ "Micke Kontinen -LRB- born 18 December 1992 -RRB- is a Finnish tennis player . He is the younger brother of Henri Kontinen who is also a tennis player . Kontinen has a career high ATP singles ranking of 355 achieved on 15 September 2014 . He also has a career high ATP doubles ranking of 489 achieved on 26 May 2014 . Kontinen made his ATP main draw debut at the 2013 Swedish Open in the doubles event where he partnered Isak Arvidsson as a wildcard entrant but lost in the first round to Martín Alund and João Souza , 4 -- 6 , 6 -- 7 -LRB- 5 -- 7 -RRB- ", "Henri Kontinen -LRB- born 19 June 1990 -RRB- is a Finnish tennis player . Kontinen has won 14 doubles titles on the ATP Tour in his career . On 18 October 2010 , Kontinen reached his best singles rankings of world number 220 . He is currently ranked as world number 1 in doubles rankings after winning the Australian Open men 's doubles championship . His brother Micke is a retired tennis player . After ending his singles career due to injuries he started focusing on doubles . He reached the quarterfinals of the men 's doubles 2016 Wimbledon Championships with John Peers and won the mixed doubles at the same tournament with Heather Watson . He also won the 2017 Australian Open men 's doubles title with John Peers , reaching his first Grand Slam title in doubles . ", "Henri Myntti -LRB- born 23 March 1982 in Kokkola -RRB- is a Finnish footballer who plays for KPV Kokkola . ", "Helena -LRB- Lenie -RRB- Elisabeth Goudeket -LRB- 1910 -- 1943 -RRB- was a Dutch painter and illustrator . Goudeket was born in Amsterdam as the daughter of the lawyer Isaäc Goudeket and Catharina Spreekmeester , who lived on the Nicolaas Witsenkade 5 . She was educated at the Instituut voor Kunstnijverheidsonderwijs in Amsterdam and the Rijksakademie van beeldende kunsten where she was a pupil of Johannes Hendricus Jurres and Hendrik Jan Wolter . She became a member of the Vereniging Sint Lucas in Amsterdam and Kunst Zij Ons Doel in Haarlem . Like others influenced by the Amsterdamse Joffers she is considered a member of the `` Jonge Amsterdamse Joffers '' . She was awarded the Willink van Collenprijs in 1937 . Goudeket 's works can be found in the collections of surviving family members , the Joods Historisch Museum and the Amsterdam city archives . Goudekat married Johan Gerard van Hessen on 30 December 1936 in Amsterdam , but divorced him on 24 April 1940 , just before the Battle of the Netherlands began the German occupation . On 9 June 1940 she moved to Heemstede to live with her sister Rebecca and set up a workshop in her garage on Molenlaan 3 . A year later she returned to Amsterdam , presumably because she , Rebecca and other family members were forced into hiding . Rebecca survived the war , but Lenie , her sister Florence -LRB- a sculptor in Heemstede -RRB- , and Florence 's one year old son , were killed with their parents in Sobibór extermination camp . Her work was exhibited as part of the exhibition `` Rebel , mijn hart '' in 1995 . Her name is one of the 162 engraved on the Jewish memorial monument in Heemstede . ", "Princess Anna Maria Maximiliane Stephania Karoline Johanna Luisa Xaveria Nepomucena Aloysia Benedicta of Saxony , Duchess of Saxony -LRB- Full German name : Prinzessin Anna Maria Maximiliane Stephania Karoline Johanna Luisa Xaveria Nepomucena Aloysia Benedicta von Sachsen , Herzogin zu Sachsen -RRB- -LRB- born 4 January 1836 in Dresden , Kingdom of Saxony ; died 10 February 1859 in Naples , Kingdom of the Two Sicilies -RRB- was the seventh child and fourth eldest daughter of John of Saxony and his wife Amalie Auguste of Bavaria and a younger sister of Albert of Saxony and George of Saxony . Through her marriage to Archduke Ferdinand , Hereditary Prince of Tuscany , Anna was a member of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine and an Archduchess and Princess of Austria and Princess of Hungary , Croatia , Bohemia , and Tuscany . Ann died shortly before her husband succeeded his father as Grand Duke of Tuscany . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Charles_VI,_Holy_Roman_Emperor", "Maria_Theresa", "Anna_Maria_Franziska_of_Saxe-Lauenburg", "Princess_Leopoldina_of_Brazil", "Eleonor_Magdalene_of_Neuburg" ]

[ "Charles VI -LRB- 1 October 1685 -- 20 October 1740 ; Karl VI . -RRB- succeeded his elder brother , Joseph I , as Holy Roman Emperor , King of Bohemia -LRB- as Charles II -RRB- , King of Hungary and Croatia -LRB- as Charles III -RRB- , and King of Serbia , Archduke of Austria , etc. , in 1711 . He unsuccessfully claimed the throne of Spain as Charles III following the death of its ruler , and Charles 's relative , Charles II of Spain , in 1700 . He married Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel , by whom he had his two children : Maria Theresa , born 1717 , the last Habsburg sovereign , and Maria Anna , born 1718 , Governess of the Austrian Netherlands . Four years before the birth of Maria Theresa , faced with his lack of male heirs , Charles provided for a male-line succession failure with the Pragmatic Sanction of 1713 . The Emperor favoured his own daughters over those of his elder brother and predecessor , Joseph I , in the succession , ignoring the decree he had signed during the reign of his father , Leopold I. Charles sought the other European powers ' approval . They exacted harsh terms : Britain demanded that Austria abolish its overseas trading company . In total , Great Britain , France , Saxony-Poland , the Dutch Republic , Spain , Venice , States of the Church , Prussia , Russia , Denmark , Savoy-Sardinia , Bavaria , and the Diet of the Holy Roman Empire recognised the sanction . France , Spain , Saxony-Poland , Bavaria and Prussia later reneged . Charles died in 1740 , sparking the War of the Austrian Succession , which plagued his successor , Maria Theresa , for eight years . ", "Maria Theresa Walburga Amalia Christina -LRB- Maria Theresia -LSB- maˈʁiːa teˈʁeːzi̯a -RSB- 13 May 1717 -- 29 November 1780 -RRB- was the only female ruler of the Habsburg dominions and the last of the House of Habsburg . She was the sovereign of Austria , Hungary , Croatia , Bohemia , Transylvania , Mantua , Milan , Lodomeria and Galicia , the Austrian Netherlands and Parma . By marriage , she was Duchess of Lorraine , Grand Duchess of Tuscany and Holy Roman Empress . She started her 40-year reign when her father , Emperor Charles VI , died in October 1740 . Charles VI paved the way for her accession with the Pragmatic Sanction of 1713 and spent his entire reign securing it . Upon the death of her father , Saxony , Prussia , Bavaria , and France all repudiated the sanction they had recognised during his lifetime . Frederick II of Prussia -LRB- who became Maria Theresa 's greatest enemy for most of her reign -RRB- promptly invaded and took the affluent Habsburg province of Silesia in the nine-year conflict known as the War of the Austrian Succession . Over the course of the war , despite the loss of Silesia and a few minor territories in Italy , Maria Theresa successfully defended her rule over most of the Habsburg empire . Maria Theresa later unsuccessfully tried to reconquer Silesia during the Seven Years ' War . Maria Theresa and her husband , Francis I , Holy Roman Emperor , had eleven daughters , including the Queen of France and Navarre , the Queen of Naples and Sicily , the Duchess of Parma , and five sons , including two Holy Roman Emperors , Joseph II and Leopold II . Of the sixteen children ten survived to adulthood . Though she was expected to cede power to Francis and Joseph , both of whom were officially her co-rulers in Austria and Bohemia , Maria Theresa was the absolute sovereign who ruled with the counsel of her advisers . She criticised and disapproved of many of Joseph 's actions . Maria Theresa understood the importance of her public persona and was able to simultaneously evoke both esteem and affection from her subjects . Maria Theresa promulgated financial and educational reforms , with the assistance of Count Friedrich Wilhelm von Haugwitz and Gerard van Swieten , promoted commerce and the development of agriculture , and reorganised Austria 's ramshackle military , all of which strengthened Austria 's international standing . However , she refused to allow religious pluralism and advocated for the state church and contemporary adversary travelers criticized her regime as bigoted and superstitious . As a young monarch who fought two dynastic wars , she believed that her cause should be the cause of her subjects , but in her later years she would believe that their cause must be hers . ", "Anna Maria Franziska of Saxe-Lauenburg -LRB- 13 June 1672 -- 15 October 1741 -RRB- was the legal Duchess of Saxe-Lauenburg in the eyes of the Holy Roman Emperor , the overlord of Saxe-Lauenburg , from 1689 until 1728 ; however , because her distant cousin George William , Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg , conquered the duchy by force in 1689 , she exercised no control over the territory , instead living in her manors in Bohemia . She was Grand Duchess of Tuscany as the wife of the last Medici Grand Duke , Gian Gastone . Anna Maria Franziska was the elder surviving daughter of Julius Franz , Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg , and Maria Hedwig of the Palatinate-Sulzbach . She married Philipp Wilhelm August of the Palatinate in 1690 , with whom she had her only child , Maria Anna , in 1691 . She was widowed in 1693 . Four years later , she married Gian Gastone de ' Medici , a Prince of Tuscany . With her brother-in-law Ferdinando de ' Medici 's death in 1713 , her husband became Tuscany 's heir-apparent . She became Grand Duchess of Tuscany upon the incumbent ruler 's death in 1723 . She was Grand Duchess for fourteen years before being widowed again in 1737 . ", "Dona Leopoldina Teresa Francisca Carolina Micaela Gabriela Rafaela Gonzaga de Bragança e Bourbon -LRB- 13 July 1847 -- 7 February 1871 -RRB- was the daughter of Emperor Pedro II and Empress Teresa Cristina . Princess of Brazil from birth , Leopoldina renounced her titles by marrying Ludwig August of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha , taking the title of Princess of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and Duchess of Saxony . The Princess was also second in the line of succession to the throne of the Empire of Brazil , even after the marriage of its older sister , Princess Isabel , due to the latter 's difficulties in generating heirs . After her untimely death , her two eldest sons were recognized as Brazilian princes and heirs presumptive to the crown until Isabel had her first child . From there , it originated the so-called branch of Saxe-Coburg and Braganza , of the Imperial House of Brazil . ", "Eleonore Magdalene of Neuburg -LRB- Eleonore Magdalene Therese ; 6 January 1655 -- 19 January 1720 -RRB- was by birth Countess Palatine of Neuburg and member of the House of Wittelsbach and by marriage Holy Roman Empress , German Queen , Archduchess consort of Austria , Queen consort of Hungary and Bohemia as the third and last wife of Leopold I . She was the paternal grandmother of Empress Maria Theresa . One of the most educated and the virtuous women of her time -LRB- she even translated the Bible from Latin to German -RRB- , she took part in the political affairs during the reign of her husband and sons . She served as Interim Regent for a few months in 1711 and was during her rule that was signed the Treaty of Szatmár , which recognized the rights of rule of her descendants in the Kingdom of Hungary . Before her marriage and during her widowhood she led an ascetic and monastic life , being actively involved in charity work . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Polynomial", "Polynomial_basis", "Complex_quadratic_polynomial", "K-set_-LRB-geometry-RRB-", "Functional_calculus" ]

[ "In mathematics , a polynomial is an expression consisting of variables -LRB- or indeterminates -RRB- and coefficients , that involves only the operations of addition , subtraction , multiplication , and non-negative integer exponents . An example of a polynomial of a single indeterminate is . An example in three variables is . Polynomials appear in a wide variety of areas of mathematics and science . For example , they are used to form polynomial equations , which encode a wide range of problems , from elementary word problems to complicated problems in the sciences ; they are used to define polynomial functions , which appear in settings ranging from basic chemistry and physics to economics and social science ; they are used in calculus and numerical analysis to approximate other functions . In advanced mathematics , polynomials are used to construct polynomial rings and algebraic varieties , central concepts in algebra and algebraic geometry . ", "In mathematics , a polynomial basis is a basis of a polynomial ring , viewed as a vector space over the field of coefficients , or as a free module over the ring of coefficients . The most common polynomial basis is the monomial basis consisting of all monomials . Other useful polynomial bases are the Bernstein basis and the various sequences of orthogonal polynomials . In the case of a finite extension of a finite fields , polynomial basis may also refer to a basis of the extension of the form where α is the root of a primitive polynomial of degree m equal of the degree of the extension -RRB- . The set of elements of GF -LRB- pm -RRB- can then be represented as : using Zech 's logarithms . ", "A complex quadratic polynomial is a quadratic polynomial whose coefficients and variable are complex numbers . ", "In discrete geometry , a k-set of a finite point set S in the Euclidean plane is a subset of k elements of S that can be strictly separated from the remaining points by a line . More generally , in Euclidean space of higher dimensions , a k-set of a finite point set is a subset of k elements that can be separated from the remaining points by a hyperplane . In particular , when k = n/2 -LRB- where n is the size of S -RRB- , the line or hyperplane that separates a k-set from the rest of S is a halving line or halving plane . K-sets are related by projective duality to k-levels in line arrangements ; the k-level in an arrangement of n lines in the plane is the curve consisting of the points that lie on one of the lines and have exactly k lines below them . Discrete and computational geometers have also studied levels in arrangements of more general kinds of curves and surfaces . ", "In mathematics , a functional calculus is a theory allowing one to apply mathematical functions to mathematical operators . It is now a branch -LRB- more accurately , several related areas -RRB- of the field of functional analysis , connected with spectral theory . -LRB- Historically , the term was also used synonymously with calculus of variations ; this usage is obsolete , except for functional derivative . Sometimes it is used in relation to types of functional equations , or in logic for systems of predicate calculus . -RRB- If f is a function , say a numerical function of a real number , and M is an operator , there is no particular reason why the expression f -LRB- M -RRB- should make sense . If it does , then we are no longer using f on its original function domain . In the tradition of operational calculus , algebraic expressions in operators are handled irrespective of their meaning . This passes nearly unnoticed if we talk about ` squaring a matrix ' , though , which is the case of f -LRB- x -RRB- = x2 and M an n × n matrix . The idea of a functional calculus is to create a principled approach to this kind of overloading of the notation . The most immediate case is to apply polynomial functions to a square matrix , extending what has just been discussed . In the finite-dimensional case , the polynomial functional calculus yields quite a bit of information about the operator . For example , consider the family of polynomials which annihilates an operator T . This family is an ideal in the ring of polynomials . Furthermore , it is a nontrivial ideal : let n be the finite dimension of the algebra of matrices , then -LCB- I , T , T2 ... Tn -RCB- is linearly dependent . So ∑ αi Ti = 0 for some scalars αi , not all equal to 0 . This implies that the polynomial ∑ αi xi lies in the ideal . Since the ring of polynomials is a principal ideal domain , this ideal is generated by some polynomial m. Multiplying by a unit if necessary , we can choose m to be monic . When this is done , the polynomial m is precisely the minimal polynomial of T . This polynomial gives deep information about T. For instance , a scalar α is an eigenvalue of T if and only if α is a root of m. Also , sometimes m can be used to calculate the exponential of T efficiently . The polynomial calculus is not as informative in the infinite-dimensional case . Consider the unilateral shift with the polynomials calculus ; the ideal defined above is now trivial . Thus one is interested in functional calculi more general than polynomials . The subject is closely linked to spectral theory , since for a diagonal matrix or multiplication operator , it is rather clear what the definitions should be . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 1, 1 ]

[ "Airbus_A380", "Wataniya_Airways", "Lockheed_C-130_Hercules_in_Australian_service", "XpressAir", "Saab_105" ]

[ "The Airbus A380 is a double-deck , wide-body , four-engine jet airliner manufactured by European manufacturer Airbus . It is the world 's largest passenger airliner , and the airports at which it operates have upgraded facilities to accommodate it . It was initially named Airbus A3XX and designed to challenge Boeing 's monopoly in the large-aircraft market . The A380 made its first flight on 27 April 2005 and entered commercial service on 25 October 2007 with Singapore Airlines . The A380 's upper deck extends along the entire length of the fuselage , with a width equivalent to a wide-body aircraft . This gives the A380-800 's cabin 550 m2 of usable floor space , 40 % more than the next largest airliner , the Boeing 747-8 , and provides seating for 525 people in a typical three-class configuration or up to 853 people in an all-economy class configuration . The A380-800 has a design range of 15700 km , serving the second - and third-longest non-stop scheduled flights in the world -LRB- as of February 2017 -RRB- , and a cruising speed of Mach 0.85 -LRB- about 900 km/h , 560 mph or 490 kt at cruising altitude -RRB- . , Airbus had received 317 firm orders and delivered 210 aircraft ; Emirates is the biggest A380 customer with 142 ordered of which 94 have been delivered . ", "Kuwait Wataniya Airways -LRB- K.S.C. -RRB- , doing business as Wataniya Airways , is a publicly traded company on the Kuwait Stock Exchange . Wataniya Airways ' hub is the exclusive Sheikh Saad Terminal in Kuwait while its corporate headquarters were on the property of Kuwait International Airport , Al Farwaniyah Governorate , Kuwait . The airline was founded in 2006 and received an Air Operators Certificate in July 2008 . It started services with an Airbus A320 in January 2009 from the Sheikh Saad General Aviation Terminal and provided flights from Kuwait to destinations across the Persian Gulf , wider Middle East and Europe . Wataniya Airways was the first and only commercial airline to operate its flights out of a private terminal in Kuwait . Wataniya Airways ' A320 aircraft has a dual-cabin configuration composed of Business First and Premium Economy sections . ", "The Royal Australian Air Force -LRB- RAAF -RRB- has operated forty-eight Lockheed C-130 Hercules transport aircraft . The type entered Australian service in December 1958 , when No. 36 Squadron accepted the first of twelve C-130As , replacing its venerable Douglas C-47 Dakotas . The acquisition made Australia the first operator of the Hercules after the United States . In 1966 the C-130As were joined by twelve C-130Es , which equipped No. 37 Squadron . The C-130As were replaced by twelve C-130Hs in 1978 , and the C-130Es by twelve C-130J Super Hercules in 1999 . No. 37 Squadron became the RAAF 's sole Hercules operator in 2006 , when No. 36 Squadron transferred its C-130Hs prior to converting to Boeing C-17 Globemaster III heavy transports . The C-130Hs were retired in November 2012 , leaving the C-130J as the only model in Australian service . The RAAF 's first strategic airlifter , the Hercules has frequently been used to deliver disaster relief in Australia and the Pacific region , as well as to support military deployments overseas . The aircraft saw extensive service during the Vietnam War , transporting troops and cargo to Southeast Asia and undertaking aeromedical evacuation . Nineteen of the RAAF 's fleet of twenty-four C-130s took part in relief efforts in 1974 -- 75 after Cyclone Tracy struck Darwin . Since then , the Hercules have been involved in humanitarian missions to New Guinea , Ethiopia , Rwanda , Cambodia , Bali , Sumatra , and New Zealand . They have also seen service during the Iranian Revolution in 1979 , the Fijian coups in 1987 , operations in Somalia in 1993 , INTERFET operations in East Timor in 1999 -- 2000 , and the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq beginning in 2001 . In over fifty years of Australian service , the Hercules have accumulated more than 800,000 flying hours . ", "Xpress Air established itself as a Domestic Regular Airline that offers direct flights to the Eastern parts of Indonesia , with its first leap in the year 2005 and from 2014 served international routes to Malaysia . Beginning with its two Boeing 737s , Xpress Air became the first privately owned , scheduled airline that connects Jakarta to 24 domestic destinations like Makassar -LRB- formerly known as Ujung Pandang -RRB- , Ternate , Sorong , Manokwari , and Jayapura . Makassar serves as a main hub for all flights coming from Java islands to the Eastern cities of Indonesia , while Sorong serves as a second hub in Papua , connecting remote places surrounding West Papua Area . Xpress Air is supported by PT Aero Nusantara Indonesia -LRB- ANI -RRB- , a trusted Aircraft Maintenance Provider , ensuring a pledge to safety , quality and security to its passengers . Express Air is listed in category 1 by Indonesian Civil Aviation Authority for airline safety quality . ", "The Saab 105 is a Swedish high-wing , twin-engine trainer aircraft developed in the early sixties as a private venture by Saab AB . The Swedish Air Force , which had opted procured the type for various roles , issued the aircraft with the designation Sk 60 . The Sk 60 entered service in 1967 , replacing the aging De Havilland Vampire fleet . The Swedish Air Force bought a total of 150 aircraft and another 40 were exported to Austria , designated Saab 105Ö . The Saab 105 is also the aircraft used by Swedish Air Force display team Team 60 and was formerly used by two display teams of the Austrian Air Force , `` Karo As '' and `` Silver Birds '' . " ]

[ 2, 1, 1, 0, 0 ]

[ "Dr._Horrible's_Sing-Along_Blog", "Doug_Petrie", "Horrible_Histories_-LRB-2009_TV_series-RRB-", "Sick_Bubblegum", "Trapped_in_the_Closet-COLON-_The_Confessionals" ]

[ "Dr. Horrible 's Sing-Along Blog is a 2008 musical comedy-drama miniseries in three acts , produced exclusively for Internet distribution . Filmed and set in Los Angeles , the show tells the story of Dr. Horrible -LRB- played by Neil Patrick Harris -RRB- , an aspiring supervillain ; Captain Hammer -LRB- Nathan Fillion -RRB- , his nemesis ; and Penny -LRB- Felicia Day -RRB- , their shared love interest . The movie was written by writer/director Joss Whedon , his brothers Zack Whedon -LRB- a television writer -RRB- and Jed Whedon -LRB- a composer -RRB- , and writer/actress Maurissa Tancharoen . The team wrote the musical during the 2007 -- 2008 Writers Guild of America strike . The idea was to create something small and inexpensive , yet professionally done , in a way that would circumvent the issues that were being protested during the strike . Reception has been overwhelmingly positive . On October 31 , 2008 , Time magazine named it # 15 in Time '' 's Top 50 Inventions of 2008 . It also won the People 's Choice Award for `` Favorite Online Sensation '' , and the 2009 Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation , Short Form . In the inaugural 2009 Streamy Awards for web television , Dr. Horrible '' won seven awards : Audience Choice Award for Best Web Series , Best Directing for a Comedy Web Series , Best Writing for a Comedy Web Series , Best Male Actor in a Comedy Web Series -LRB- Harris -RRB- , Best Editing , Best Cinematography , and Best Original Music . It also won a 2009 Creative Arts Emmy Award for Outstanding Special Class -- Short-format Live-Action Entertainment Programs . ", "Douglas `` Doug '' Petrie is an American screenwriter , director , and producer . Best known as a writer , director , and co-executive producer on Buffy the Vampire Slayer . He co-wrote the screenplays for the Fantastic Four film and Harriet the Spy . He has also written for the television shows Angel , The 4400 , Tru Calling and American Horror Story : Coven . He served as a co-executive producer and writer for two seasons on CSI : Crime Scene Investigation and as a consulting producer and writer on the second season of Pushing Daisies . He made a cameo on Joss Whedon 's web-based film , Dr. Horrible 's Sing-Along Blog , as `` Professor Normal '' . He served as co-executive producer on the first season of the Netflix show Daredevil , and took over as showrunner for its second season alongside Marco Ramirez . In April 2016 Petrie and Ramirez were announced as showrunners of The Defenders , a miniseries that crosses over Daredevil , Jessica Jones , Luke Cage , and Iron Fist . ", "Horrible Histories is a British sketch comedy television series , part of the children 's history franchise of the same name based on the books written by Terry Deary . The show was produced for CBBC by Lion Television with Citrus Television and ran from 2009 to 2013 for five series of thirteen half-hour episodes , with additional one-off seasonal and Olympic specials . The TV show carries over the graphic style and much of the content of the Horrible Histories book series . It maintains the franchise 's overall irreverent but accurate focus on the dark , gruesome or scatological aspects of British and other Western world history , spanning from the Stone Age to the post-World War II era . Individual historical eras or civilisations are defined and named as in the books , with sketches from several different time periods combined within a single episode . Live-action sketches -- which often parody other UK media or celebrities -- and music videos are intercut with animations and quizzes . The starring troupe are Mathew Baynton , Simon Farnaby , Martha Howe-Douglas , Jim Howick , Laurence Rickard and Ben Willbond , alongside a large supporting cast headed by Sarah Hadland , Lawry Lewin and Dominique Moore . The black rat puppet `` host '' , Rattus Rattus , appears in short bridging segments , explaining the factual basis for each sketch . The creative team was largely recruited from the mainstream adult UK comedy scene . They took inspiration from such quintessentially British historical-comedy classics as Blackadder and the Monty Python films . The series was a critical and ratings success , eventually gaining a wide all ages audience through its non-condescending and inclusive approach . It has won numerous domestic and international awards and has been named among the greatest British children 's television series of all time . In 2011 , a spin-off game show , Horrible Histories : Gory Games , was launched on CBBC . In the same year , the original show was repackaged for main channel BBC One as Horrible Histories with Stephen Fry , with Fry replacing the puppet rat as presenter . A new series of special episodes began airing in 2015 , featuring a new format and cast . ", "`` Sick Bubblegum '' is a song by Rob Zombie from his album Hellbilly Deluxe 2 -LRB- full title Hellbilly Deluxe 2 : Noble Jackals , Penny Dreadfuls and the Systematic Dehumanization of Cool . ", "Trapped in the Closet : The Confessionals is a miniseries posted on the R. Kelly Vevo YouTube channel . The miniseries is the confessionals from Chapters 23 - 33 with added clips from the Trapped in the Closet series . It was used to promote the new chapters -LRB- 23 - 33 -RRB- that came out at the time . The only confessionals not used in the series yet are Cathy , Rosie , and Randolph . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Melilla", "Melgar_de_Fernamental", "Boulaouane", "Essaouira", "Mayor-President_of_Melilla" ]

[ "Melilla -LRB- -LSB- məˈliːjə -RSB- ; -LSB- meˈliʎa -RSB- , -LSB- meˈliʝa -RSB- ; Mřič -LSB- , Maliliyyah -RRB- is a Spanish autonomous city located on the north coast of Africa , sharing a border with Morocco with an area of 12.3 km2 . Melilla , along with Ceuta , is one of two permanently inhabited Spanish cities in mainland Africa . It was part of Málaga province until 14 March 1995 when the city 's Statute of Autonomy was passed . Melilla , like Ceuta , was a free port before Spain joined the European Union . , it had a population of 78,476 made up of ethnic Spaniards , ethnic Riffian Berbers , and a small number of Sephardic Jews and Sindhi Hindus . Both Spanish and Riffian-Berber are the two most widely spoken languages , with Spanish as the only official language . Melilla is officially subject to a territorial claim along with the city of Ceuta . ", "Melgar de Fernamental is a municipality and town lying by the Pisuerga river , located in the province of Burgos , Castile and León , Spain . According to the 2008 census -LRB- INE -RRB- , the municipality has a population of 1,898 inhabitants . ", "Boulaouane is a small town and rural commune in El Jadida Province of the Casablanca-Settat region of Morocco . The town is near the Oum Er-Rbia River and the fortress -LRB- Boulanouane Kasbah -RRB- overlooks that river . At the time of the 2004 census , the commune had a total population of 14,404 people living in 2319 households . ", "Essaouira -LRB- الصويرة Mugadur -RRB- , formerly known as Mogador , is a city in the western Moroccan economic region of Marrakesh-Safi , on the Atlantic coast . The modern name means `` the little rampart '' , a reference to the fortress walls that still enclose part of the city . ", "The Mayor-President of the Autonomous City of Melilla -LRB- Presidente de la Ciudad Autónoma de Melilla -RRB- or simply the President of Melilla , is the head of government of the Spanish enclave of Melilla . The current and fourth Mayor-President of Melilla is Juan José Imbroda of the People 's Party , who has held the office since 20 July 2000 . Prior to March 1995 , when the enclave 's Statute of Autonomy was passed , the city was part of Málaga province . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 2, 1 ]

[ "The_Walking_Dead_-LRB-comic_book-RRB-", "The_Suicide_Motor_Club", "Batman-COLON-_The_Killing_Joke", "Rock_in_the_Road", "List_of_Batman-COLON-_The_Brave_and_the_Bold_episodes" ]

[ "The Walking Dead is an ongoing black-and-white comic book series created by writer Robert Kirkman and artist Tony Moore . It focuses on Rick Grimes , a deputy who is shot in the line of duty and awakens from a coma in the zombie apocalypse that placed Georgia under quarantine . He finds his wife and son , and meets other survivors , gradually taking on the role of leader among a group and later a community as Rick and his group try to survive the zombie apocalypse . First issued in 2003 by publisher Image Comics , the comic is written by Kirkman with art by Moore -LRB- issues No. 1 -- 6 -RRB- and Charlie Adlard -LRB- issue No. 7 onward -RRB- . Moore continued to do the covers through issue No. 24 . The Walking Dead received the 2007 and 2010 Eisner Award for Best Continuing Series at San Diego Comic-Con International . The series was adapted into the AMC television series The Walking Dead , which premiered in 2010 . The television program loosely follows the storyline of the comic book . The franchise has also spawned multiple additional media properties , including video games -LRB- such as The Walking Dead video game -RRB- , a companion television series -LRB- Fear the Walking Dead -RRB- , webisode series -LRB- The Walking Dead : Torn Apart , The Walking Dead : Cold Storage , and The Walking Dead : The Oath -RRB- , and various additional publications , including novels -LRB- The Walking Dead : Rise of the Governor -RRB- . ", "The Suicide Motor Club is a 2016 horror novel by American author Christopher Buehlman , who also provided the narration for the audiobook edition . It was first published in the United States on June 7 , 2016 through Berkley Books and is about a nomadic band of vampires and the lone survivor of their blood lust . The book ties into Buehlman 's prior novel The Lesser Dead via the character Clayton , who is repeatedly referenced by The Lesser Dead 's main characters . ", "Batman : The Killing Joke is a 1988 DC Comics one-shot graphic novel featuring the characters Batman and the Joker written by Alan Moore and illustrated by Brian Bolland . The Killing Joke provides an origin story for the supervillain the Joker , loosely adapted from the 1951 story arc `` The Man Behind the Red Hood ! '' . Taking place over two timelines , The Killing Joke depicts the Joker attempting to drive Jim Gordon insane and Batman 's desperate attempt to stop him . Created by Moore and Bolland as their own take on the Joker 's source and psychology , the story became famous for its origin of the Joker as a tragic character ; a family man and failed comedian who suffered `` one bad day '' that finally drove him insane . Moore stated that he attempted to show the similarities and contrasts between the two characters . The story 's effects on the mainstream Batman continuity also included the shooting and paralysis of Barbara Gordon -LRB- a.k.a. Batgirl -RRB- , an event that laid the groundwork for her to develop the identity of Oracle . Many critics consider the graphic novel to be the definitive Joker story and one of the best Batman stories ever published . The comic won the Eisner Award for ` Best Graphic Album ' in 1989 and appeared on The New York Times Best Seller List in May 2009 . In 2006 , The Killing Joke was reprinted as part of the trade paperback DC Universe : The Stories of Alan Moore . In 2008 , DC Comics reprinted the story in a deluxe hardcover edition , which features new coloring by Bolland , with a more somber , realistic , and subdued palette than the original . Elements of The Killing Joke have inspired or been incorporated into other aspects of Batman media , such as films and video games . ", "`` Rock in the Road '' is the ninth episode and mid-season premiere of the seventh season , and 92nd episode overall of the post-apocalyptic horror television series The Walking Dead , which aired on AMC on February 12 , 2017 . The episode was written by Angela Kang and directed by Greg Nicotero . The episode focuses on Rick -LRB- Andrew Lincoln -RRB- and the group trying to recruit the Kingdom in joining Alexandria in the incoming fight against the Saviors . ", "The following is an episode list for Batman : The Brave and the Bold , an American animated television series based in part on the DC Comics series The Brave and the Bold which features two or more superheroes coming together to solve a crime or foil a supervillain . As the title suggests , the cartoon focuses on Batman 's `` team-ups '' with various heroes , similar to the original comic book series but different from the current one which features team-ups between various heroes . The series premiered on November 14 , 2008 on Cartoon Network , and ended on November 18 , 2011 . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Ed_and_Lorraine_Warren", "Annabelle_-LRB-doll-RRB-", "Neil_Spring", "Georgette_Bauerdorf", "The_Vampire's_Ghost" ]

[ "Edward Warren Miney -LRB- September 7 , 1926 -- August 23 , 2006 -RRB- and Lorraine Rita Warren -LRB- née Moran , born January 31 , 1927 -RRB- were a married Roman Catholic couple who were highly controversial American paranormal investigators and authors associated with prominent cases of hauntings . Edward was a World War II United States Navy veteran and former police officer who became a self-taught and self-professed demonologist , author , and lecturer . Lorraine professes to be clairvoyant and a light trance medium who worked closely with her husband . In 1952 , the Warrens founded the New England Society for Psychic Research , the oldest ghost hunting group in New England . They authored numerous books about the paranormal and about their private investigations into various reports of paranormal activity . They claimed to have investigated over 10,000 cases during their career . The Warrens were among the very first investigators in the controversial Amityville haunting . According to the Warrens , the N.E.S.P.R. utilizes a variety of individuals , including medical doctors , researchers , police officers , nurses , college students , and members of the clergy in its investigations . Stories of ghost hauntings popularized by the Warrens have been adapted as , or have indirectly inspired , dozens of films , television series and documentaries , including 17 films in the Amityville Horror series alone . Other adaptations include the 2013 movie The Conjuring , its prequel/spinoff from 2014 , Annabelle , and its sequel , The Conjuring 2 , released in 2016 . Skeptics Perry DeAngelis and Steve Novella have investigated the Warren 's evidence and found it all to be `` blarney '' . Skeptical investigators Joe Nickell and Ben Radford concluded that the more famous hauntings , Amityville and the Snedeker 's , did not happen and had been `` invented '' . ", "Annabelle is a Raggedy Ann doll alleged by demonologists Ed and Lorraine Warren to be haunted . The doll resides in a glass box at The Warrens ' Occult Museum in Monroe , Connecticut . The story served as the inspiration for the films Annabelle -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , and the upcoming , Annabelle : Creation -LRB- 2017 -RRB- . Annabelle has been compared to Robert the Doll and was described in Gerald Brittle 's 2002 biography of Ed and Lorraine Warren , The Demonologist . ", "Neil Spring -LRB- born 8 June 1981 -RRB- is a Welsh novelist of supernatural horror , known for his bestselling book , The Ghost Hunters . He holds a BA in Philosophy , Politics and Economics -LRB- PPE -RRB- from Somerville College , Oxford University , where he wrote a thesis on the significance of paranormal events . ", "Georgette Elise Bauerdorf -LRB- May 6 , 1924 -- October 12 , 1944 -RRB- was an American socialite and oil heiress who was strangled in her home in West Hollywood , California . Her murder remains unsolved . ", "The Vampire 's Ghost is 1945 American horror film directed by Lesley Selander written by Leigh Brackett and John K. Butler . The film stars John Abbott , Charles Gordon , Peggy Stewart , Grant Withers , Emmett Vogan and Adele Mara . The film is based on John William Polidori 's short story `` The Vampyre '' and was released on May 21 , 1945 , by Republic Pictures . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Ed_and_Lorraine_Warren", "Annabelle_-LRB-doll-RRB-", "Neil_Spring", "Georgette_Bauerdorf", "The_Vampire's_Ghost" ]

[ "Edward Warren Miney -LRB- September 7 , 1926 -- August 23 , 2006 -RRB- and Lorraine Rita Warren -LRB- née Moran , born January 31 , 1927 -RRB- were a married Roman Catholic couple who were highly controversial American paranormal investigators and authors associated with prominent cases of hauntings . Edward was a World War II United States Navy veteran and former police officer who became a self-taught and self-professed demonologist , author , and lecturer . Lorraine professes to be clairvoyant and a light trance medium who worked closely with her husband . In 1952 , the Warrens founded the New England Society for Psychic Research , the oldest ghost hunting group in New England . They authored numerous books about the paranormal and about their private investigations into various reports of paranormal activity . They claimed to have investigated over 10,000 cases during their career . The Warrens were among the very first investigators in the controversial Amityville haunting . According to the Warrens , the N.E.S.P.R. utilizes a variety of individuals , including medical doctors , researchers , police officers , nurses , college students , and members of the clergy in its investigations . Stories of ghost hauntings popularized by the Warrens have been adapted as , or have indirectly inspired , dozens of films , television series and documentaries , including 17 films in the Amityville Horror series alone . Other adaptations include the 2013 movie The Conjuring , its prequel/spinoff from 2014 , Annabelle , and its sequel , The Conjuring 2 , released in 2016 . Skeptics Perry DeAngelis and Steve Novella have investigated the Warren 's evidence and found it all to be `` blarney '' . Skeptical investigators Joe Nickell and Ben Radford concluded that the more famous hauntings , Amityville and the Snedeker 's , did not happen and had been `` invented '' . ", "Annabelle is a Raggedy Ann doll alleged by demonologists Ed and Lorraine Warren to be haunted . The doll resides in a glass box at The Warrens ' Occult Museum in Monroe , Connecticut . The story served as the inspiration for the films Annabelle -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , and the upcoming , Annabelle : Creation -LRB- 2017 -RRB- . Annabelle has been compared to Robert the Doll and was described in Gerald Brittle 's 2002 biography of Ed and Lorraine Warren , The Demonologist . ", "Neil Spring -LRB- born 8 June 1981 -RRB- is a Welsh novelist of supernatural horror , known for his bestselling book , The Ghost Hunters . He holds a BA in Philosophy , Politics and Economics -LRB- PPE -RRB- from Somerville College , Oxford University , where he wrote a thesis on the significance of paranormal events . ", "Georgette Elise Bauerdorf -LRB- May 6 , 1924 -- October 12 , 1944 -RRB- was an American socialite and oil heiress who was strangled in her home in West Hollywood , California . Her murder remains unsolved . ", "The Vampire 's Ghost is 1945 American horror film directed by Lesley Selander written by Leigh Brackett and John K. Butler . The film stars John Abbott , Charles Gordon , Peggy Stewart , Grant Withers , Emmett Vogan and Adele Mara . The film is based on John William Polidori 's short story `` The Vampyre '' and was released on May 21 , 1945 , by Republic Pictures . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Morgan_Fairchild", "Scott_Paper_Company", "Angelique_Morgan", "Blaire_Pancake", "Sandra_Taylor" ]

[ "Morgan Fairchild -LRB- born Patsy Ann McClenny ; February 3 , 1950 -RRB- is an American actress . She achieved prominence during the late 1970s and early 1980s with continuing roles in several television series , in which she usually conveyed a glamorous image . Fairchild began her career on the CBS daytime soap opera Search for Tomorrow as Jennifer Pace from 1973 to 1977 . In 1978 , she appeared on the primetime soap opera Dallas as the first actress to portray Jenna Wade , before taking a lead role on the NBC series Flamingo Road in 1980 -LRB- for which she was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Actress -- Television Series Drama -RRB- . In 1984 , she co-starred on ABC 's short-lived television drama Paper Dolls , and then appeared on Falcon Crest as attorney Jordan Roberts from 1985 to 1986 . Fairchild has also performed in theater and played guest roles in television comedies , including Murphy Brown -LRB- for which she was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series -RRB- , Roseanne , Cybill , and Friends . She is a board member of SAG-AFTRA . ", "The Scott Paper Company was the world 's largest manufacturer and marketer of sanitary tissue products with operations in 22 countries . Its products were sold under a variety of well-known brand names , including Scott Tissue , Cottonelle , Baby Fresh , Scottex and Viva . Consolidated sales of its consumer and commercial products totalled approximately $ 3.6 billion in 1994 . The company was acquired by the Kimberly-Clark Corporation in 1995 . ", "Angélique Morgan , also known as Frenchy , is a French reality TV personality , film actress , and model . Morgan is best known for her appearances on Howard Stern , VH1 's reality shows Rock of Love 2 , Rock of Love : Charm School , and the second season of I Love Money . In 2014 , Frenchy competed in Celebrity Big Brother 14 . ", "Blaire Pancake is an American beauty pageant titleholder who was named Miss Tennessee 2006 . ", "Sandra Taylor -LRB- born December 26 , 1966 -RRB- , also known as Sandi Korn , is an American model and actress . Under the name Sandi Korn , she got her start in the modeling industry . She was performing as a model in the early 1990s , and was named `` America 's # 1 Selling Poster Model '' . She won a bikini contest which was sponsored by Penthouse , and then went on to be Pet of the Month in the March 1991 issue . Later in 1991 , she had a relationship with businessman Donald Trump , who advised her to change her name , which she did , adopting Taylor as her new surname . Taylor continued her modeling career as a Guess jeans model , and moved to Los Angeles in the mid-1990s . She appeared on the cover of and in a feature pictorial in the July 1995 edition of Playboy , promoting her appearance in the movie Under Siege 2 : Dark Territory in which she played a train bartender . She went on to appear in films such as Batman & Robin , L.A. Confidential , The Princess Diaries and The Princess Diaries 2 , Tomcats , Keeping Up with the Steins , Runaway Bride , and Raising Helen . Taylor appeared in the Warner Brothers films Valentine 's Day and New Year 's Eve . She has also appeared in episodes of the television series Married ... with Children , ER , The King of Queens and Just Shoot Me ! . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Barbarella_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Barbarella_-LRB-comics-RRB-", "Barbatia", "Barchaniella_mus", "10_Minutes_-LRB-2002_film-RRB-" ]

[ "Barbarella is a 1968 science fiction film directed by Roger Vadim based on the French comic Barbarella . The film stars Jane Fonda as Barbarella , a representative of the United Earth government in the 41st century sent out to locate the scientist Durand Durand whose positronic ray could end humanity . Producer Dino De Laurentiis bought the rights to adapt Barbarella into a film . Vadim took the role as director as he had been a fan of comics and wanted to adapt one to film . Vadim attempted to cast several actors in the title role , including Virna Lisi , Brigitte Bardot and Sophia Loren before casting his then wife , Jane Fonda . Vadim also had his friend Terry Southern write the screenplay ; this was heavily altered during filming and several other writers are credited with it . The film was particularly popular on its release in the United Kingdom , where it was the second highest grossing film of the year after The Jungle Book . Contemporary film critics praised the film 's visuals and cinematography , but found the film 's storyline to be weak after the first few scenes . Since its release , several attempts at sequels , remakes and other adaptations have been planned but none have entered production . ", "Barbarella is a fictional heroine in a French science fiction comic book created by Jean-Claude Forest . ", "Barbatia is a genus of `` bearded '' ark clams , marine bivalve mollusks in the family Arcidae , the ark clams . This genus is known in the fossil record from the Jurassic period to the Quaternary period -LRB- age range : 167.7 to 0.0 million years ago -RRB- . These fossils have been found all over the world . ", "Barchaniella mus is a moth in the Cossidae family . It is found in south-eastern Iran . The length of the forewings is 14 -- 16 mm . The pattern on the forewings resembles that of Barchaniella inspersus , but there is a small light spot at the hindmargin . The hindwings are brown . Adults are on wing in April . ", "10 Minutes is a 2002 short film contrasting ten minutes in the life of a Japanese tourist in Rome with the bloody drama of a Bosnian family taking place at the same time less than an hour away in the besieged city of Sarajevo during the Bosnian War . It was directed by Ahmed Imamovic , who also directed Go West . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Anne_Boleyn", "Thomas_Boleyn,_1st_Earl_of_Wiltshire", "Hever_Castle", "Oliver_St_John,_2nd_Earl_of_Bolingbroke", "Maud_Francis,_Countess_of_Salisbury" ]

[ "Anne Boleyn -LRB- -LSB- ˈbʊlɪn -RSB- , -LSB- bəˈlɪn -RSB- or -LSB- bʊˈlɪn -RSB- -RRB- -LRB- 1501 -- 19 May 1536 -RRB- was Queen of England from 1533 to 1536 as the second wife of King Henry VIII , and Marquess of Pembroke in her own right . Henry 's marriage to her , and her subsequent execution by beheading , made her a key figure in the political and religious upheaval that was the start of the English Reformation . Her daughter Elizabeth would later succeed Henry VIII as Elizabeth I , Queen of England and Ireland . Anne was the daughter of Thomas Boleyn , 1st Earl of Wiltshire , and his wife , Lady Elizabeth Howard , and was educated in the Netherlands and France , largely as a maid of honour to Claude of France . Anne returned to England in early 1522 , to marry her Irish cousin James Butler , 9th Earl of Ormond ; the marriage plans were broken up by Cardinal Wolsey , and instead she secured a post at court as maid of honour to Henry VIII 's wife , Catherine of Aragon . Early in 1523 Anne was secretly betrothed to Henry Percy , son of the 5th Earl of Northumberland , but the betrothal was broken by Cardinal Wolsey in January 1524 and Anne was sent back home to Hever Castle . In February/March 1526 , Henry VIII began his pursuit of Anne . She resisted his attempts to seduce her , refusing to become his mistress -- which her sister Mary had been . It soon became the one absorbing object of Henry 's desires to annul his marriage to Queen Catherine so he would be free to marry Anne . When it became clear that Pope Clement VII would not annul the marriage , the breaking of the power of the Catholic Church in England began . In 1532 , Henry granted Anne the Marquessate of Pembroke . Henry and Anne married on 25 January 1533 , after a secret marriage on 14 November 1532 . On 23 May 1533 , newly appointed Archbishop of Canterbury Thomas Cranmer declared Henry and Catherine 's marriage null and void ; five days later , he declared Henry and Anne 's marriage valid . Shortly afterwards , the Pope decreed sentences of excommunication against Henry and Cranmer . As a result of this marriage and these excommunications , the first break between the Church of England and Rome took place and the Church of England was brought under the King 's control . Anne was crowned Queen of England on 1 June 1533 . On 7 September , she gave birth to the future Queen Elizabeth I. Henry was disappointed to have a daughter rather than a son but hoped a son would follow and professed to love Elizabeth . Anne subsequently had three miscarriages , and by March 1536 , Henry was courting Jane Seymour . In order to marry Jane Seymour , Henry had to find reasons for his marriage with Anne to end . Henry had Anne investigated for high treason in April 1536 . On 2 May she was arrested and sent to the Tower of London , where she was tried before a jury of peers -- which included Henry Percy , her former betrothed , and her own uncle , Thomas Howard -- and found guilty on 15 May . She was beheaded four days later . Modern historians view the charges against her , which included adultery , incest , and plotting to kill the king , as unconvincing . Some say that Anne was accused of witchcraft but the indictments make no mention of this charge . After the coronation of her daughter , Elizabeth , as queen , Anne was venerated as a martyr and heroine of the English Reformation , particularly through the works of John Foxe . Over the centuries , she has inspired , or been mentioned , in many artistic and cultural works and thereby retained her hold on the popular imagination . She has been called `` the most influential and important queen consort England has ever had '' , for she provided the occasion for Henry VIII to annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragon and declare his independence from the Holy See . ", "Thomas Boleyn , 1st Earl of Wiltshire , 1st Earl of Ormond , 1st Viscount Rochford KG KB -LRB- c. 1477 -- 12 March 1539 -RRB- was an English diplomat and politician in the Tudor era . He was born at the family home , Hever Castle , Kent , which had been purchased by his grandfather Sir Geoffrey Boleyn , who was a wealthy mercer . He was buried at St. Peter 's parish church in the village of Hever . His parents were Sir William Boleyn -LRB- 1451 -- 10 October 1505 -RRB- and Lady Margaret Butler -LRB- 1454 -- 1539 -RRB- . He was the father of Anne Boleyn , the second wife of Henry VIII of England . As such , he was the maternal grandfather of Queen Elizabeth I. ", "Hever Castle is located in the village of Hever , Kent , near Edenbridge , 30 mi south-east of London , England . It began as a country house , built in the 13th century . From 1462 to 1539 , it was the seat of the Boleyn -LRB- originally ` Bullen ' -RRB- family . Anne Boleyn , the second queen consort of King Henry VIII of England , spent her early youth there after her father , Thomas Boleyn , inherited it in 1505 . He had been born there in 1477 , and the castle passed to him upon the death of his father , Sir William Boleyn . It later came into the possession of King Henry VIII 's fourth wife , Anne of Cleves . The castle is now open to the public as a tourist attraction . ", "Oliver St John , 2nd Earl of Bolingbroke -LRB- bef . 1634 -- 18 March 1688 -RRB- , styled Lord St John of Bletsoe from 1642 to 1646 , was a British peer and landowner in Bedfordshire . The eldest son of Sir Paulet St John -LRB- d. 1638 -RRB- and his wife Elizabeth Vaughan , he became heir apparent to his grandfather , Oliver St John , 1st Earl of Bolingbroke , after the death of his uncle Oliver St John , 5th Baron St John of Bletso at the Battle of Edgehill in 1642 . On 24 November 1654 , he married Lady Frances Cavendish -LRB- d. 15 August 1678 -RRB- , the daughter of William Cavendish , 1st Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne , by whom he had no children . The St John family were Presbyterians and supported Parliament during the English Civil War , but did not take part in government during the Interregnum . In 1661 , he succeeded his relative Samuel Browne as recorder of Bedford , and took the oath against the Covenant upon becoming a freeman of the town . He was appointed Custos Rotulorum of Bedfordshire in 1667 after the death of the 1st Earl of Cleveland ; the Earl of Ailesbury was added as a joint holder of the office in 1671 , and Bolingbroke was removed from the office by James II in 1681 . Bolingbroke died childless on 18 March 1688 and was buried at Bletsoe . He was succeeded by his younger brother , Paulet St John . ", "Maud Francis , Countess of Salisbury -LRB- c. 1370 -- c. 1424 -RRB- was daughter of Sir Adam Francis , born 1362 , Mayor of London , and Agnes Champnes . She was married and widowed three times . Her first husband was John Aubrey -LRB- son of another Mayor of London , Andrew Aubrey -RRB- and her second Sir Alan Buxhull , KG in 1372 . Her third husband was John Montacute , 3rd Earl of Salisbury , and they had five children : Richard Montacute Thomas Montacute , 4th Earl of Salisbury Lady Anne Montacute who married Sir Richard II Hankford as his second wife , then Sir Lewis Johan as his second wife and thirdly John Holland , 2nd Duke of Exeter as his third wife . Lady Anne was the mother of Anne Hankford by her first marriage . Lady Margaret Montacute Lady Elizabeth Montacute Following the death of Mary de Bohun , her son , the future Henry V , was given into the care of the Earl and Countess of Salisbury by his father , Henry Bolingbroke , the future King Henry IV of England . They cared for him at the manor of Courtfield in Herefordshire . An effigy in the church at Welsh Bicknor is believed to be that of the countess . In 1400 , the Earl of Salisbury was executed for treason by King Henry IV . In 1420 , Maud petitioned King Henry V to have the earl 's remains transferred from Cirencester Abbey to Bisham Priory . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Dione_-LRB-Titaness-RRB-", "Aphrodite", "Anchises", "Lysidice_-LRB-mythology-RRB-", "Venus_-LRB-Marvel_Comics-RRB-" ]

[ "Dione -LRB- -LSB- daɪˈoʊni -RSB- Διώνη , Diōnē -RRB- was an ancient Greek goddess , an oracular Titaness primarily known from Book V of Homer 's Iliad , where she tends to the wounds suffered by her daughter Aphrodite . One source describes her as an ancient wife of Zeus . ", "Aphrodite -LRB- -LSB- æfrəˈdaɪti -RSB- ; Greek : Αφροδίτη -LRB- Afrodíti -RRB- -RRB- is the Greek goddess of love , beauty , pleasure , and procreation . She is identified with the planet Venus ; her Roman equivalent is the goddess -LSB- Venus -LRB- mythology -RRB- , Venus -RSB- . Myrtle , roses , doves , sparrows and swans were sacred to her . In Hesiod 's Theogony , Aphrodite was created from the sea foam -LRB- aphros -RRB- produced by Uranus 's genitals , which had been severed by Cronus . In Homer 's Iliad , however , she is the daughter of Zeus and Dione . In Plato -LRB- Symposium , 180e -RRB- , these two origins are said to be of hitherto separate entities : Aphrodite Ourania -LRB- a transcendent , `` Heavenly '' Aphrodite -RRB- and Aphrodite Pandemos -LRB- Aphrodite common to `` all the people '' -RRB- . She had many other names , each emphasising a different aspect of the same goddess , or used by a different local cult . Thus she was also known as Cytherea -LRB- Lady of Cythera -RRB- and Cypris -LRB- Lady of Cyprus -RRB- , both of which claimed to be her place of birth . In Greek myth , the other gods feared that Aphrodite 's beauty might lead to conflict and war , through rivalry for her favours ; so Zeus married her off to Hephaestus . Despite this , Aphrodite followed her own inclinations , and had many lovers -- both gods , such as Ares , and men , such as Anchises . She played a role in the Eros and Psyche legend , and was both lover and surrogate mother of Adonis . Many lesser beings were said to be children of Aphrodite . ", "In Greek mythology , Anchises -LRB- -LSB- ænˈkaɪsiːz -RSB- or -LSB- æŋˈkaɪsiːz -RSB- ; , -LSB- aŋkʰi͜ísɛ͜ɛs -RSB- -RRB- was the son of Capys and Themiste -LRB- daughter of Ilus , who was son of Tros -RRB- . He was the father of Aeneas and a member of the royal family of Troy . His major claim to fame in Greek mythology is that he was a mortal lover of the goddess Aphrodite -LRB- and in Roman mythology , the lover of Venus -RRB- . One version is that Aphrodite pretended to be a Phrygian princess and seduced him . She later revealed herself and informed him that they would have a son named Aeneas . Aphrodite had warned him that if he boasted of the affair , he would be blasted by the thunderbolt of Zeus . He did not heed her warning and was struck with a thunderbolt , which in different versions either blinds him or kills him . The principal early narrative of Aphrodite 's seduction of Anchises and the birth of Aeneas is the Homeric Hymn to Aphrodite . According to the Bibliotheca , Anchises and Aphrodite had another son , Lyrus , who died childless . He later had a mortal wife named Eriopis , according to the scholiasts , and he is credited with other children beside Aeneas and Lyrus . Homer , in the Iliad , mentions a daughter named Hippodameia , their eldest -LRB- `` the darling of her father and mother '' -RRB- , who married her cousin Alcathous . After the defeat of Troy in the Trojan War , the elderly Anchises was carried from the burning city by his son Aeneas , accompanied by Aeneas ' wife Creusa , who died in the escape attempt , and small son Ascanius . The subject is depicted in several paintings , including a famous version by Federico Barocci in the Galleria Borghese in Rome . The rescue is also mentioned in a speech in Shakespeare 's Julius Caesar when Cassius attempts to persuade Brutus to murder Caesar . Anchises himself died and was buried in Sicily many years later . Aeneas later visited Hades and saw his father again in the Elysian Fields . Homer 's Iliad mentions another Anchises , a wealthy native of Sicyon in Greece and father of Echepolus . ", "Lysidice is the name of several women in Greek mythology . Lysidice , daughter of Thespius and Megamede , mother of a son Teles by Heracles . Lysidice , daughter of Pelops and Hippodamia . She married Mestor and became the mother of Hippothoe . She was also sometimes said to be the mother of Alcmene , by Electryon . Lysidice , daughter of Coronus , mother of Philaeus by Ajax the Great . Lysidice of Athens , one of the would-be sacrificial victims of Minotaur . ", "Venus is the name of two fictional characters appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . The first , originally based on the goddess Venus -LRB- Aphrodite -RRB- from Roman and Greek mythology , was retconned to actually be a siren that only resembles the goddess . The second is stated to be the true goddess , who now wishes only to be referred to by her Greek name , Aphrodite . The similarities between the two characters are a point of conflict in the comics . Venus was ranked eighth in Comics Buyer 's Guide 's `` 100 Sexiest Women in Comics '' list , although this list does not specify which version of the character was chosen . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 0, 0 ]

[ "The_Fame", "Joshi_Kashimashi_Monogatari", "American_Idol_Season_2-COLON-_All-Time_Classic_American_Love_Songs", "Obsession_-LRB-Eighteen_Visions_album-RRB-", "Love_Is_the_Message" ]

[ "The Fame is the debut studio album by American singer Lady Gaga . It was released on August 19 , 2008 through Interscope Records . After joining Kon Live Distribution and Cherrytree Records in 2008 , Gaga began working on the album with different producers , primarily RedOne , Martin Kierszenbaum and Rob Fusari . Musically , The Fame is a synthpop and dance-pop album that has influences of pop music from the 1980s . Lyrically , the album visualizes Gaga 's love of fame in general while also dealing with subjects such as love , sex , money , drugs and sexual identity . Promotion was primarily through The Fame Ball Tour and multiple television appearances . The Fame was included as a bonus disc on the deluxe edition of the extended play , The Fame Monster -LRB- November 18 , 2009 -RRB- . The album received generally favorable reviews from music critics , who commended the album 's lyrical content and Gaga 's musicianship and vocal ability . The album was a commercial success , topping the charts in different countries worldwide , including the United Kingdom , Canada , Germany , Ireland , Poland and Switzerland . In the United States , it peaked at number two on the Billboard 200 , while topping the Dance/Electronic Albums chart for 106 non-consecutive weeks . The Fame became the fifth best-selling album of 2009 . It has sold 4.7 million copies in the United States as of April 2016 and is the seventh best-selling digital album in history . The album sold 15 million copies worldwide as of November 2010 . The first two singles from The Fame -- `` Just Dance '' and `` Poker Face '' -- gained international success , topping the charts in several countries worldwide , including the United States , United Kingdom and Australia . Subsequent single `` LoveGame '' and `` Paparazzi '' , were commercial successes as well , charting within the top ten of more than ten countries worldwide . `` Eh , Eh -LRB- Nothing Else I Can Say -RRB- '' had a limited release , while `` Beautiful , Dirty , Rich '' was a promotional single . The Fame has won multiple awards since its release . It was nominated for a total of five Grammy Awards at the 52nd Grammy Awards , including the Grammy Award for Album of the Year . It won the Grammy Award for Best Electronic/Dance Album and the Best Dance Recording for the single `` Poker Face '' . It also won Best International Album at the 2010 BRIT Awards . In 2013 , Rolling Stone named The Fame as one of the `` 100 Greatest Debut Albums of All-Time '' . ", "is the 23rd single by the J-pop idol group Morning Musume . It was released on July 22 , 2004 . It sold a total of 91,789 copies in the music stores that report to Oricon and peaked at number three on the Oricon Charts . In July 2004 , the single was certified Gold by RIAJ for physical sales of over 100,000 units . It was also released in a limited editlon which comes in special packaging with five photo cards , while the regular and Single V DVD came with one photo card . ", "Season 2 : All-Time Classic American Love Songs was compiled of classic American love songs performed by the top eleven finalists from season 2 of American Idol and contains two ensemble tracks . It was released in 2003 . The album debuted at No. 2 on the Nielsen Soundscan U.S. album chart for the week ending May 4 , 2003 with sales of 101,225 the first week . It was certified gold on May 30 , 2003 , and its total sales reached 648,000 . ", "Obsession is an album by Eighteen Visions . The album was their most commercial to date , and featured three music videos . Some editions of this album come with a DVD that features a ` making of ' the album . The album has sold over 200,000 copies in the US . The album peaked at # 4 on the Heatseekers chart in the US . On July 3 , 2004 the album peaked at # 147 on the Billboard 200 . ", "Love Is the Message is Misia 's second studio album , released on January 1 , 2000 . It sold 1,349,650 copies in its first week , making it the 23rd highest debut in Japanese history , and peaked at # 1 for two consecutive weeks . It went on to sell over 2.29 million copies , making Misia one of the three acts , alongside Globe and Chemistry , with the second most consecutive double million albums , behind Hikaru Utada . Love Is the Message was the recipient of the award for best album at the 42nd Japan Record Awards . The album jacket was shot during sunrise at the summit of the Haleakala National Park in Maui , Hawaii . Love Is the Message is the 56th best-selling album of all time in Japan . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Augustus_Prew", "Augustus_Saunders", "Augustus_Mayhew", "Ludwik_Konarzewski-junior", "George_Roark" ]

[ "Augustus Prew -LRB- born september 17 , 1987 -RRB- is an English film and television actor . He is known for his roles in the films The Secret of Moonacre -LRB- 2008 -RRB- , Charlie St. Cloud -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , The Borgias -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , Kick-Ass 2 -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , and in the miniseries Klondike -LRB- 2014 -RRB- . He also played Drew Jessup on the TV series 24Seven -LRB- 2001 -- 2002 -RRB- . Prew was born in Westminster , London , England and is the son of Wendy Dagworthy , a fashion designer , and Jonathan W. Prew , a photographer . ", "Augustus Page Saunders -LRB- 1 March 1801 - 21 July 1878 -RRB- , FRS was a British Headmaster of Charterhouse School and Dean of Peterborough Cathedral . He was the son of Robert and Margaret -LRB- née Keble -RRB- Saunders of Lewisham and educated at Charterhouse School and Christ Church , Oxford . He was ordained a priest in 1825 and in 1832 appointed vicar of Ravensthorpe , Northamptonshire , resigning in 1835 . He was also made a domestic chaplain to the Bishop of Oxford in 1832 . He was awarded DD -LRB- Doctor of Divinity -RRB- in 1842 He served as Headmaster of Charterhouse School from 1832 to 1853 and was then Dean of Peterborough from 1853 until his death . In 1872 he declined the Deanery of Winchester . In 1833 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society He married Emma Frances Walford in 1838 and had 10 children . ", "Augustus Septimus Mayhew -LRB- 1826 -- 25 December 1875 -RRB- was an English journalist and author , born in London . He wrote in collaboration with his brother Henry such works as The Greatest Plague of Life , or the Adventures of a Lady in Search of a Good Servant -LRB- 1847 , illustrated by George Cruikshank -RRB- , and he joined H. S. Edwards in the production of such farces as The Goose and the Golden Eggs -LRB- Strand Theatre , 1859 -RRB- ; Christmas Boxes -LRB- Strand , 1860 -RRB- ; The Four Cousins -LRB- Globe Theatre , 1871 -RRB- . From 1848 to 1850 he edited The Comic Almanac , to which he had been a contributor since 1845 , and his individual productions include Paved with Gold , or the Romance and Reality of the London Streets -LRB- 1857 -RRB- and Faces for Fortunes -LRB- three volumes , 1865 -RRB- . ", "Ludwik Konarzewski -- junior -LRB- April 20 , 1918 in Buzuluk -- January 23 , 1989 in Cieszyn -RRB- was a Polish painter , sculptor and teacher of fine arts who worked in Upper Silesia and Cieszyn Silesia . A square in Rydułtowy is named after him . Konarzewski owed his primary artistic education to his father , Ludwik Konarzewski -- senior . He started his studies -LRB- in painting -RRB- at the Academy of Fine Arts in Kraków in 1938 , and finished in 1948 , being interrupted by the Second World War . He studied under the direction of -LRB- among others -RRB- the following colourist painters : Wladyslaw Jarocki , Fryderyk Pautsch , Jerzy Fedkowicz , Zbigniew Pronaszko , Eugeniusz Eibisch and also , temporarily , Wojciech Weiss . He studied sculpture under Xawery Dunikowski and Stanisław Horno-Popławski . He created outdoor monuments such as the sculpture of Karol Miarka in Zabrze and Silesian Insurgents in Rydułtowy . Konarzewski worked as a teacher in Rydułtowy , near Rybnik for 30 years . He was a director of the state owned Art Centre that he set up with his father . He had an influence on the artistic and esthetic tastes of the local community -- just as his father had done in Istebna in the period between the two wars . He is the creator of at least 1,000 oil paintings , numerous polychromes and artistic elements of church interiors and public buildings in Upper Silesia , and also in the regions around Kraków and Białystok , as well as other places in Poland . Privately - he and his wife Joanna had three children : daughter Iwona Konarzewska -- a portrait painter and two sons : Ludwik -LRB- an entrepreneur -RRB- and Łukasz . ", "George W. Roark -LRB- October 7 , 1898 -- March 31 , 1993 -RRB- was an American football , basketball , and baseball player and coach of football , basketball , and track . He served as the head football coach at Westminster College of New Wilmington , Pennsylvania in 1936 and at Washington & Jefferson College from 1937 to 1940 , compiling a career college football record of 18 -- 18 -- 3 . Roark also coached basketball and track at Westminster . Roark was a native of Altavista , Virginia . He attended Bethany College in West Virginia , where he lettered in football , basketball , and baseball , and graduated with the class of 1925 . He played catcher on the baseball team with pitcher Ed Wells , who went on to play Major League Baseball . Roarke resigned from his post at Washington & Jefferson in December 1940 to coach football at New Brighton , Pennsylvania 's high school , where he had coached football and basketball from 1930 to 1935 . In his first stint at New Brighton , his football teams tallied a mark of 33 -- 9 -- 3 . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]

[ "66th_Primetime_Emmy_Awards", "5th_Daytime_Emmy_Awards", "68th_Primetime_Emmy_Awards", "66th_Primetime_Creative_Arts_Emmy_Awards", "13th_International_Emmy_Awards" ]

[ "The 66th Primetime Emmy Awards honored the best in U.S. prime time television programming from June 1 , 2013 until May 31 , 2014 , as chosen by the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences . The ceremony was held on Monday , August 25 , 2014 , at the Nokia Theatre in Downtown Los Angeles , California , and was broadcast in the U.S. by NBC . Comedian and Late Night host Seth Meyers hosted the ceremony for the first time . The nominations were announced on July 10 , 2014 . The scheduling of the Primetime Emmy Awards is coordinated with that of the Creative Arts Emmy Awards ceremony , which was held the previous weekend on August 16 , 2014 . Breaking Bad was the major winner of the night , with five wins , including its second Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Drama Series for the second part of its fifth season . Modern Family won its fifth consecutive Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Comedy Series , tying with Frasier as the series with the most consecutive wins in the category . The Amazing Race won its tenth Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Reality-Competition Program as well . Other major winners of the night were Sherlock : His Last Vow -LRB- 3 wins -RRB- , American Horror Story : Coven and Fargo -LRB- 2 wins each -RRB- . ", "The 5th Daytime Emmy Awards were held on June 7 , 1978 on ABC , to commemorate excellence in American daytime programming from the previous year -LRB- 1977 -RRB- . The awards were hosted by Family Feud host Richard Dawson , who also won an award for best game show host . Winners in each category are in bold . ", "The 68th Primetime Emmy Awards honored the best in U.S. prime time television programming from June 1 , 2015 until May 31 , 2016 , as chosen by the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences . The ceremony was held on Sunday , September 18 , 2016 at the Microsoft Theater in Downtown Los Angeles , California , and was broadcast in the U.S. by ABC . The ceremony was hosted by Jimmy Kimmel . It was preceded by the 68th Primetime Creative Arts Emmy Awards , which took place over two nights , September 10 and 11 , at the Microsoft Theater . Crime anthology The People v. O. J. Simpson : American Crime Story won five major awards , the most awards of the night , while fantasy drama Game of Thrones won three , including Outstanding Drama Series and surpassing Frasier -LRB- 37 -RRB- as the fictional television program with the most Primetime Emmy Awards with 38 wins in six seasons . The political satire series Veep also won Outstanding Comedy Series for the second time in a row , while its producer and lead star Julia Louis-Dreyfus established a new record of wins for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series ; it was her fifth consecutive win for the series and sixth overall in the category . ", "The 66th Annual Primetime Creative Arts Emmy Awards ceremony was held on August 16 , 2014 , at the Nokia Theatre in Downtown Los Angeles . The ceremony is in conjunction with the annual Primetime Emmy Awards and is presented in recognition of technical and other similar achievements in American television programming , including guest acting roles . The Academy of Television Arts & Sciences announced that it will implement online voting for its members to select the nominees . Winners for this year were voted on via paper ballots ; online voting to determine the winners will not be used until 2015 . The nominees were announced on July 10 , 2014 . The Governor 's Award and juried award winners in Animation and Costumes for a Variety Series were announced on July 31 , 2014 . Six Interactive Media juried awards were announced on August 13 , 2014 . ", "The 13th Annual International Emmy Awards took place on November 28 , 1985 , in New York City , United States . The awards were presented by the International Council of the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences . " ]

[ 1, 0, 1, 0, 0 ]

[ "66th_Primetime_Emmy_Awards", "5th_Daytime_Emmy_Awards", "68th_Primetime_Emmy_Awards", "66th_Primetime_Creative_Arts_Emmy_Awards", "13th_International_Emmy_Awards" ]

[ "The 66th Primetime Emmy Awards honored the best in U.S. prime time television programming from June 1 , 2013 until May 31 , 2014 , as chosen by the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences . The ceremony was held on Monday , August 25 , 2014 , at the Nokia Theatre in Downtown Los Angeles , California , and was broadcast in the U.S. by NBC . Comedian and Late Night host Seth Meyers hosted the ceremony for the first time . The nominations were announced on July 10 , 2014 . The scheduling of the Primetime Emmy Awards is coordinated with that of the Creative Arts Emmy Awards ceremony , which was held the previous weekend on August 16 , 2014 . Breaking Bad was the major winner of the night , with five wins , including its second Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Drama Series for the second part of its fifth season . Modern Family won its fifth consecutive Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Comedy Series , tying with Frasier as the series with the most consecutive wins in the category . The Amazing Race won its tenth Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Reality-Competition Program as well . Other major winners of the night were Sherlock : His Last Vow -LRB- 3 wins -RRB- , American Horror Story : Coven and Fargo -LRB- 2 wins each -RRB- . ", "The 5th Daytime Emmy Awards were held on June 7 , 1978 on ABC , to commemorate excellence in American daytime programming from the previous year -LRB- 1977 -RRB- . The awards were hosted by Family Feud host Richard Dawson , who also won an award for best game show host . Winners in each category are in bold . ", "The 68th Primetime Emmy Awards honored the best in U.S. prime time television programming from June 1 , 2015 until May 31 , 2016 , as chosen by the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences . The ceremony was held on Sunday , September 18 , 2016 at the Microsoft Theater in Downtown Los Angeles , California , and was broadcast in the U.S. by ABC . The ceremony was hosted by Jimmy Kimmel . It was preceded by the 68th Primetime Creative Arts Emmy Awards , which took place over two nights , September 10 and 11 , at the Microsoft Theater . Crime anthology The People v. O. J. Simpson : American Crime Story won five major awards , the most awards of the night , while fantasy drama Game of Thrones won three , including Outstanding Drama Series and surpassing Frasier -LRB- 37 -RRB- as the fictional television program with the most Primetime Emmy Awards with 38 wins in six seasons . The political satire series Veep also won Outstanding Comedy Series for the second time in a row , while its producer and lead star Julia Louis-Dreyfus established a new record of wins for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series ; it was her fifth consecutive win for the series and sixth overall in the category . ", "The 66th Annual Primetime Creative Arts Emmy Awards ceremony was held on August 16 , 2014 , at the Nokia Theatre in Downtown Los Angeles . The ceremony is in conjunction with the annual Primetime Emmy Awards and is presented in recognition of technical and other similar achievements in American television programming , including guest acting roles . The Academy of Television Arts & Sciences announced that it will implement online voting for its members to select the nominees . Winners for this year were voted on via paper ballots ; online voting to determine the winners will not be used until 2015 . The nominees were announced on July 10 , 2014 . The Governor 's Award and juried award winners in Animation and Costumes for a Variety Series were announced on July 31 , 2014 . Six Interactive Media juried awards were announced on August 13 , 2014 . ", "The 13th Annual International Emmy Awards took place on November 28 , 1985 , in New York City , United States . The awards were presented by the International Council of the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences . " ]

[ 1, 0, 1, 0, 0 ]

[ "Josh_Hutcherson", "Josh_Peck", "Cy_Chadwick", "Two_and_a_Half_Men", "Bill_Erwin" ]

[ "Joshua Ryan `` Josh '' Hutcherson -LRB- born October 12 , 1992 -RRB- is an American actor . A native of Kentucky , Hutcherson began his acting career in the early 2000s and appeared in several commercials and minor film and television roles before landing his first major role in 2002 in the pilot episode of House Blend . His first film role was in Miracle Dogs -LRB- 2003 -RRB- on Animal Planet , followed by a motion-capture performance in The Polar Express -LRB- 2004 -RRB- and a voice-acting role in Howl 's Moving Castle -LRB- 2005 -RRB- . Hutcherson 's other early film appearances include Little Manhattan , Zathura -LRB- both 2005 -RRB- , RV -LRB- 2006 -RRB- , Bridge to Terabithia -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , Journey to the Center of the Earth -LRB- 2008 -RRB- , and The Kids Are All Right -LRB- 2010 -RRB- . In 2011 , he landed the leading role of Peeta Mellark in the box office record-setting film series The Hunger Games , released annually from 2012 to 2015 , for which he won three MTV Movie Awards and a People 's Choice Award . During the same period he also played a lead role in Journey 2 : The Mysterious Island -LRB- 2012 -RRB- and a voice role in the animated film Epic -LRB- 2013 -RRB- . Throughout his career , Hutcherson has expressed an interest in directing and producing . He has served as an executive producer in Detention -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , The Forger -LRB- 2012 -RRB- and Escobar : Paradise Lost -LRB- 2015 -RRB- , while also playing a lead role in each film . He is also heavily involved in the gay -- straight alliance chapter called `` Straight But Not Narrow '' . ", "Joshua Michael `` Josh '' Peck -LRB- born November 10 , 1986 -RRB- is an American actor , voice actor and comedian . He is best known for playing Josh Nichols in the Nickelodeon live-action sitcom Drake & Josh . He began his career as a child actor in the late 90 's and early 2000s , and became known to young audiences after his role on The Amanda Show . He has since acted in films such as Mean Creek , Drillbit Taylor , The Wackness , ATM , and Red Dawn , along with voicing Eddie in the Ice Age franchise . He also starred as Gerald in a lead role with John Stamos in the series Grandfathered . He currently voices Casey Jones in Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles . He also starred in a Netflix comedy , `` Take The 10 '' along with Tony Revolori . Peck also makes regular appearances in David Dobrik 's YouTube videos . He appears as himself and usually is seen making jokes and relaxing . ", "Cy Chadwick -LRB- born 2 June 1969 -RRB- is an English actor , director , producer , and presenter . His most notable acting role was of Nick Bates in 205 episodes of the long-running British soap Emmerdale Farm between 1985 and 1996 . A year after leaving the series , Leeds-born Chadwick rejoined ITV Yorkshire as a director . As a freelance television producer , Chadwick co-founded the production company `` ATypical Media '' . He works for BBC Entertainment and is directing and producing the Young Professionals of the Year series for the BBC Three . Cy has recently returned to a role in front of the camera , playing Peter Stringfellow in the forthcoming TV Drama , The String , to be broadcast on ITV3 . ", "Two and a Half Men is an American television sitcom that originally aired on CBS for twelve seasons from September 22 , 2003 to February 19 , 2015 . Originally starring Charlie Sheen , Jon Cryer , and Angus T. Jones , the series was about a hedonistic jingle writer , Charlie Harper ; his uptight brother Alan ; and Alan 's troublesome son Jake . After Alan divorces , he moves with his son to share Charlie 's beachfront Malibu house and complicates Charlie 's freewheeling life . In 2010 , CBS and Warner Bros. . Television reached a multiyear broadcasting agreement for the series , renewing it through at least the 2011 -- 12 season . In February 2011 , however , CBS and Warner Bros. decided to end production for the rest of the eighth season after Sheen entered drug rehabilitation and made `` disparaging comments '' about the series ' creator and executive producer Chuck Lorre . Sheen 's contract was terminated the following month and he was confirmed not to be returning to the series . Ashton Kutcher was hired to replace him the following season as Walden Schmidt , a billionaire who buys Charlie 's house after his death . In April 2013 , CBS renewed the series for an eleventh season after closing one-year deals with Kutcher and Cryer . Jones , who was attending college , was relegated to recurring status for season 11 , but never made an appearance until the series finale . He was replaced by Jenny -LRB- Amber Tamblyn -RRB- , Charlie 's previously unknown daughter . In March 2014 , CBS renewed the series for a twelfth season , which was later announced to be the series ' last . The season began airing in October 2014 and concluded in February 2015 with the 40-minute series finale `` Of Course He 's Dead '' . The success of the series led to it being the fourth-highest revenue-generating program for 2012 , earning $ 3.24 million an episode . ", "William Lindsey `` Bill '' Erwin -LRB- December 2 , 1914 -- December 29 , 2010 -RRB- was an American film , television and stage actor with over 250 television and film credits . A veteran character actor , he is widely known for his 1993 Emmy Award-nominated performance on Seinfeld , portraying the embittered , irascible retiree Sid Fields . He also made notable appearances on shows such as I Love Lucy and his Star Trek : The Next Generation . In cinema , his most recognized role is that of Arthur , a kindly bellhop at the Mackinac Island Grand Hotel , in Somewhere in Time -LRB- 1980 -RRB- . Erwin was a self-taught cartoonist , published in The New Yorker , Playboy , and Los Angeles . He won a Los Angeles Drama Critics Circle Award , four Drama-Logue Awards , Gilmore Brown Award for Career Achievement , Pacific Pioneer Broadcasters ' Diamond Circle Award , and Distinguished Alumnus Award from Angelo State University . " ]

[ 2, 0, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Stomp_the_Yard", "Columbus_Short", "Vern_Riffe_State_Office_Tower", "Homer_at_the_Bat", "Raye_Birk" ]

[ "Stomp the Yard is a 2007 dance drama film produced by Rainforest Films and released through Sony Pictures ' Screen Gems division on January 12 , 2007 . Directed by Sylvain White , Stomp the Yard centers on DJ Williams , a college student at a fictional historically Black university who pledges to join a fictional Greek-letter fraternity . The film 's central conflict involves DJ 's fraternity competing in various stepping competitions against a rival fraternity from the same school . The film 's script was written by Robert Adetuyi , working from an original draft by Gregory Ramon Anderson . The film was originally titled Steppin '' ' , but to avoid confusion over the 2006 film Step Up , the title was changed . Delta Sigma Theta along with other sororities like Gamma Theta were in the movie . The film stars Columbus Short , Meagan Good , Darrin Henson , Brian White , Laz Alonso , and Valarie Pettiford , with Harry Lennix , and , in their film debuts , R&B singers Ne-Yo & Chris Brown . Stomp the Yard was filmed in Atlanta , Georgia , on the campuses of Morris Brown College , Georgia Institute of Technology , Morehouse College , and Clark Atlanta University , and in the MAK Historic District of Decatur , Georgia . Elsewhere Short and Brown had also starred together in the film This Christmas '' . ", "Columbus Keith Short , Jr. -LRB- born September 19 , 1982 -RRB- is an American choreographer , actor , and singer . He choreographed Britney Spears 's Onyx Hotel Tour and worked with Brian Friedman -LRB- of So You Think You Can Dance fame -RRB- . He is best known for his roles in the films Stomp the Yard , Cadillac Records , Armored , and The Losers . He previously starred as a series regular in the ABC drama Scandal , as Harrison Wright . On April 26 , 2014 , it was announced that Short would leave Scandal after three seasons with the show . ", "The Vern Riffe State Office Tower is a 503-foot-tall -LRB- 153 m -RRB- skyscraper in Columbus , Ohio . It was completed in 1988 and has 32 floors . NBBJ designed the building , which is the fifth-tallest in Columbus , and has 102,192 m ² of floor area . An earlier concept for the site , also designed by NBBJ , would have included a site to the west of the present location , and would have effectively closed off South Wall Street north of West State Street . The building was named for Vernal G. Riffe , Jr , who served as Speaker of the Ohio House of Representatives from 1975 to 1994 . The complex also contains the 854-seat Capitol Theatre . The project was completed for $ 130 million . ", "`` Homer at the Bat '' is the seventeenth episode of The Simpsons ' third season . It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on February 20 , 1992 . The episode follows the Springfield Nuclear Power Plant softball team , led by Homer , having a winning season and making the championship game . Mr. Burns makes a large bet that the team will win and brings in nine ringers from the `` big leagues '' to ensure his success . It was written by John Swartzwelder , who is a big baseball fan , and directed by Jim Reardon . Roger Clemens , Wade Boggs , Ken Griffey , Jr. , Steve Sax , Ozzie Smith , José Canseco , Don Mattingly , Darryl Strawberry and Mike Scioscia all guest starred as themselves , playing the ringers hired by Mr. Burns . Terry Cashman sang a song over the end credits . The guest stars were recorded over several months , with differing degrees of cooperation . The episode is often named among the show 's best , and was the first to beat The Cosby Show in the ratings on its original airing . In 2014 , showrunner Al Jean selected it as one of five essential episodes in the show 's history . ", "Raye Birk -LRB- born May 27 , 1943 , Flint , Michigan -RRB- is an American film and television actor best known for playing the role of Papshmir in the first and last of the Naked Gun movies . He was the main villain in Naked Gun 33 : The Final Insult . He has also starred in Due South as the terrorist Francis Bolt in the Episodes `` All the Queens Horses '' , `` Red , White and Blue '' , `` Call of the Wild Part One '' and `` Call of the Wild Part Two '' . He also had roles in the X-Files and Babylon 5 . His other film credits include roles in Best Defense -LRB- 1984 -RRB- , Amazon Women on the Moon -LRB- 1987 -RRB- , Throw Momma from the Train -LRB- 1987 -RRB- , Doc Hollywood -LRB- 1991 -RRB- and Star Trek : Insurrection -LRB- 1998 -RRB- . In addition to these roles , he had a frequently occurring role as the principal on The Wonder Years ; starting with the pilot episode , when he had a conference with Kevin Arnold 's parents for throwing food in the cafeteria . He was also on a pair of Home Improvement episodes as one of Tim 's poker buddies . In 1991 Raye appeared on the TV series Night Court as Frank Pepitone . He has appeared twice on The Golden Girls , both times playing a wedding caterer . Furthermore , in 1985 , 1986 and 1992 , he appeared on three episodes of Cheers as Walt Twitchell , a mailman who got into minor altercations with Cliff Clavin . Birk reprised the role of Twitchell in a 2002 episode of the Cheers spinoff series , Frasier , in which the title character -LRB- played by Kelsey Grammer -RRB- returned to Boston and re-acquainted himself with old friends from the bar . He played a recurring role on Coach as Riley Pringle from 1989 to 1993 . He also appeared in an episode of Mr. Belvedere as an accordion player . In 2004 -- 2008 , he played Ebenezer Scrooge in A Christmas Carol at the Guthrie Theater in Minneapolis . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 1 ]

[ "Dark_matter", "ZEPLIN-III", "Black_point_-LRB-disease-RRB-", "List_of_dark_rock_bands", "Magnetospheric_eternally_collapsing_object" ]

[ "Dark matter is a hypothetical type of matter distinct from baryonic matter -LRB- ordinary matter such as protons and neutrons -RRB- , neutrinos and dark energy . The existence of dark matter would explain a number of otherwise puzzling astronomical observations . The name refers to the fact that it does not emit or interact with electromagnetic radiation , such as light , and is thus invisible to the entire electromagnetic spectrum . Although dark matter has not been directly observed , its existence and properties are inferred from its gravitational effects such as the motions of visible matter , gravitational lensing , its influence on the universe 's large-scale structure , on galaxies , and its effects in the cosmic microwave background . The standard model of cosmology indicates that the total mass -- energy of the universe contains 4.9 % ordinary matter , 26.8 % dark matter and 68.3 % dark energy . Thus , dark matter constitutes 84.5 % Since dark energy , by convention , does not count as `` matter '' , this is 26.8 / -LRB- 4.9 + 26.8 -RRB- = 0.845 of total mass , while dark energy plus dark matter constitute 95.1 % of total mass -- energy content . The great majority of ordinary matter in the universe is also unseen , since visible stars and gas inside galaxies and clusters account for less than 10 % of the ordinary matter contribution to the mass-energy density of the universe . The most widely accepted hypothesis on the form for dark matter is that it is composed of weakly interacting massive particles -LRB- WIMPs -RRB- that interact only through gravity and the weak force . The dark matter hypothesis plays a central role in current modeling of cosmic structure formation and galaxy formation and evolution and on explanations of the anisotropies observed in the cosmic microwave background -LRB- CMB -RRB- . All these lines of evidence suggest that galaxies , galaxy clusters , and the universe as a whole contain far more matter than that which is observable via electromagnetic signals . Many experiments to detect proposed dark matter particles through non-gravitational means are under way ; however , no dark matter particle has been conclusively identified . Although the existence of dark matter is generally accepted by most of the astronomical community , a minority of astronomers , motivated by the lack of conclusive identification of dark matter , argue for various modifications of the standard laws of general relativity , such as MOND , TeVeS , and conformal gravity that attempt to account for the observations without invoking additional matter . ", "The ZEPLIN-III dark matter experiment attempted to detect galactic WIMPs using a 12 kg liquid xenon target . It operated at the Boulby Underground Laboratory -LRB- North-East England , UK -RRB- in the period 2006 -- 2011 . This was the last in a series of xenon-based experiments in the ZEPLIN programme pursued originally by the UK Dark Matter Collaboration -LRB- UKDMC -RRB- . The ZEPLIN-III project was led by Imperial College London and also included the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory and Edinburgh University in the UK , as well as LIP-Coimbra in Portugal and ITEP-Moscow in Russia . It ruled out cross-sections for elastic scattering of WIMPs off nucleons above 3.9 × 10 − 8 pb -LRB- 3.9 × 10 − 44 cm2 -RRB- from the two science runs conducted at Boulby -LRB- 83 days in 2008 and 319 days in 2010/11 -RRB- . Direct dark matter search experiments look for extremely rare and very weak collisions expected to occur between the cold dark matter particles that are believed to permeate our galaxy and the nuclei of atoms in the active medium of a radiation detector . These hypothetical elementary particles could be Weakly Interacting Massive Particles , or WIMPs , weighing as little as a few protons or as much as several heavy nuclei . Their nature is not yet known , but no sensible candidates remain within the Standard Model of particle physics to explain the dark matter problem . ", "Black point -LRB- kernel smudge or just smudge -RRB- is a fungal disease that affects wheat , barley and rye . It is caused by various species of Alternaria , Fusarium , and Helminthosporium , and possibly other fungal genera . The fungus forms after the seeds have set but while they are still green and it is potentiated by high humidity . Infected areas are brown to black in color , and as the disease spreads the kernels may become shriveled . Occasionally the infected areas have a reddish tinge . Some authorities make a distinction between `` black point '' and `` smudge '' . For them the disease is `` black point '' from initial infection until more than half of the kernel is infected , or when the disease has entered into the seed 's crease . ", "The following is a list of notable dark rock bands : ", "Magnetospheric eternally collapsing object -LRB- MECO -RRB- is an alternative model for black hole proposed in 2003 by Darryl Leiter and Stanley Robertson . It is a variant of the eternally collapsing object -LRB- ECO -RRB- proposed by Abhas Mitra in 1998 . His peer reviewed paper published in Journal of Mathematical Physics of the American Institute of Physics supports this contention that the so-called black holes should be ECOs by showing that true Schwarzschild black holes have gravitational mass M = 0 . He argues that -LRB- i -RRB- The so-called massive Black Hole Candidates -LRB- BHCs -RRB- must be quasi-black holes rather than exact black holes and -LRB- ii -RRB- During preceding gravitational collapse , entire mass energy and angular momentum of the collapsing objects must be radiated away before formation of exact mathematical black holes . And since the formation of a mathematical zero-mass black hole requires infinite proper time , continued gravitational collapse becomes eternal , and the so-called black hole candidates must be eternally collapsing objects -LRB- ECOs -RRB- . For physical realization of this , he argued that in an extremely relativistic regime , continued collapse must be slowed to a near halt by radiation pressure at the Eddington limit . A proposed observable difference between MECOs and black holes is that a MECO can produce its own intrinsic magnetic field . An uncharged black hole can not produce its own magnetic field , though its accretion disc can . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 0, 2 ]

[ "Augustus_Prew", "Mary_Elizabeth_Turner", "Antonia_Gordiana", "Michael_Sherard", "Kate_Bunce" ]

[ "Augustus Prew -LRB- born september 17 , 1987 -RRB- is an English film and television actor . He is known for his roles in the films The Secret of Moonacre -LRB- 2008 -RRB- , Charlie St. Cloud -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , The Borgias -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , Kick-Ass 2 -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , and in the miniseries Klondike -LRB- 2014 -RRB- . He also played Drew Jessup on the TV series 24Seven -LRB- 2001 -- 2002 -RRB- . Prew was born in Westminster , London , England and is the son of Wendy Dagworthy , a fashion designer , and Jonathan W. Prew , a photographer . ", "Mary Elizabeth Turner -LRB- 1854 -- 1907 -RRB- was an English embroiderer who exhibited her work at the 1890 exposition of the Arts and Crafts Exhibition Society , for which she wrote an essay on modern embroidery . Identified with the Arts and Crafts Movement , she was a founder with May Morris of the Women 's Guild of Arts . Her husband was the architect Hugh Thackeray Turner . ", "Antonia Gordiana -LRB- 201 - ? -RRB- was a prominent , wealthy and noble Roman woman who lived in the troubled and unstable 3rd century . She was the daughter of Roman Emperor Gordian I ; sister to Roman Emperor Gordian II and mother to Roman Emperor Gordian III . Gordiana 's mother may be the granddaughter of Greek Sophist , consul and tutor Herodes Atticus . Augustan History names her as Maecia Faustina , however modern historians dismiss her name as false . She was most probably born in Rome . Along with her elder brother were raised and spent their childhoods in the house that Roman Republican General Pompey had built in Rome . Previous owners included Roman Triumvir Mark Antony and Roman Emperor Tiberius . After 214 , Gordiana married an unnamed Roman Senator . Augustan History names her husband as Junius Balbus , however modern historians dismiss his name as false . She bore her husband a son , Marcus Antonius Gordianus Pius -LRB- known as Gordian III -RRB- , born 20 January 225 . The birth name of Gordian III is unknown and his birthplace is unknown . The name of Gordian -LRB- as we know him -RRB- he assumed when he became Roman Emperor . Her husband had died before 238 . After the deaths of the brief reigns of her father and brother , the Roman Senate in April appointed Balbinus and Pupienus as joint emperors . During the brief reign of Balbinus and Pupienus , her son became popular with Roman citizens and the joint emperors were forced to adopt her son as their heir . On July 29 238 , Balbinus and Pupienus were both murdered by the Praetorian Guard and later that day her son became the new Roman Emperor . There is a possibility that Gordiana might have bribed the various Guards to murder the joint emperors , so that her son could become emperor . To keep in the favor of the Roman Senate , Gordian III assumed the name of his maternal grandfather and maternal uncle . The political fractions that supported Gordiana 's father and brother , also supported her son . Through them , she was able assist her son in directing affairs and create reformed policies in administration , fiscal affairs and Roman Army . Effects were made to limit the charges against the Roman wealthy and notable . Attention was made to strengthen defences along the empire 's borders and Roman Governors were prosecuted if they abused Roman taxes and power of the provinces . In 241 , her son had appointed the able and efficient Timesitheus as prefect of the Praetorian Guard . Later , in May of that year , Gordian would marry Timesitheus ' daughter Tranquillina , who became Roman Empress . Timesitheus died in 243 , and Gordian appointed the ambitious Philip the Arab as the new prefect . In February 244 , Gordian died of unknown causes . Gordian either died in battle or was possibly murdered on the orders of Philip ; however , Philip was proclaimed the new emperor . Gordian 's wife and daughter survived him . The fate of Gordiana after her son 's death is unknown . ", "Michael Sherard -LRB- 17 July 1910 -- 26 December 1998 -RRB- was a British fashion designer and a member of the Incorporated Society of London Fashion Designers , which represented the British couture industry in the wartime and post-war years . Operating his own label from the 1940s to 1960s , he is remembered primarily for his evening and occasion gowns . He also helped train future British designers , including Caroline Charles , and was later a design academic . ", "Kate Elizabeth Bunce -LRB- 25 August 1856 -- 24 December 1927 -RRB- was an English painter and poet associated with the Arts and Crafts movement . The daughter of John Thackray Bunce -- a patron of Birmingham Museum & Art Gallery and editor of the Birmingham Post during its Liberal heyday -- Bunce was born in Birmingham and educated at home . She studied at the Birmingham School of Art in the 1880s , first exhibiting artworks with the Royal Birmingham Society of Artists in 1874 and with the Royal Academy from 1887 . She was elected as an associate of the Royal Birmingham Society of Artists in 1888 and many of her works were displayed in a number of Birmingham churches . Her earliest known work is The Sitting Room -LRB- 1887 -RRB- , and in 1893 Bunce was one of the artists invited to contribute murals to hang in Birmingham Town Hall . Her initial style was that of the Birmingham School , where she was a prizewinning student during the 1880s . Her work became increasingly influences by Burne-Jones , Rossetti and the Pre-Raphaelites , and was characterised by strong figure drawing and a clear use of colour . Later in her life she painted a series of decorative pieces in churches , often alongside metalwork by her sister Myra Bunce . She exhibited her work across England between the years 1887 and 1912 in London , Manchester , Birmingham and Liverpool . Her reredos in the church of St Alban 's , Bordesley features many species of birds . Bunce lived all of her life in Edgbaston and died unmarried . A Birmingham Civic Society blue plaque in her honour was unveiled at St Alban 's church in September 2015 , by the Lord Mayor of Birmingham . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]