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0.449268
220f4b22baec40048548f9a0d3ffe55b
A schematic flowchart for the selection of articles included in this meta-analysis.
PMC10281183
coc-46-323-g001.jpg
0.460337
5dcea32f184245a2ac2b35a0f3612337
Forest plot of the total risk of prostate cancer in the population exposed to hydrophilic statins and lipophilic statins (A, hydrophilic statins, P=0.075; B, lipophilic statins, P=0.001).
PMC10281183
coc-46-323-g002.jpg
0.424652
f75008c8f0df44d8b8bda086ded739e0
Forest plot of prostate cancer survival in the population exposed to hydrophilic statins and lipophilic statins (A, hydrophilic statins, P<0.001; B, lipophilic statins, P<0.001).
PMC10281183
coc-46-323-g003.jpg
0.426177
0b966edba45d493c80baa92bea0d2dd4
The nickel-titanium (NiTi) palatal expander appliance: (a) NiTi expander on study model, (b) NiTi expander before freezing, (c) NiTi expander after freezing, and (d) NiTi expander placed in the oral cavity
PMC10282519
JOS-12-8-g001.jpg
0.449929
e4e874b28380411aa6e24328aadc27e5
The Quadhelix appliance: (a) Quadhelix on study model before activation, (b) Quadhelix on study model after activation, and (c) Quadhelix intraorally in the maxillary arch
PMC10282519
JOS-12-8-g002.jpg
0.434379
b6e4d5cec3414d2e946a31daef083493
Clinical facial height measurements taken using Digital Vernier Calliper
PMC10282519
JOS-12-8-g003.jpg
0.398491
59d3c06903a248d8bf4f628afe57011e
Cephalometric Landmarks
PMC10282519
JOS-12-8-g004.jpg
0.50747
8291e4078cc9419398967479c6d5d5e7
Reference planes---Linear and angular measurements used to measure transverse changes
PMC10282519
JOS-12-8-g005.jpg
0.422003
2fd13ec9ac024749aaabc2255eb148ac
Study model analysis: (a) Scanned Occlusograms, (b) Scaling and Aligning on AutoCAD
PMC10282519
JOS-12-8-g006.jpg
0.4231
d352dd65986640d6ae64d2c599eebfb0
Patient record 1: (a) Pre-treatment, (b) post-treatment
PMC10282519
JOS-12-8-g007.jpg
0.463147
cd7885d3d760476295bb431d1c1a63d8
Patient record 2: (a) Pre-treatment, (b) post-treatment
PMC10282519
JOS-12-8-g008.jpg
0.494579
cd814d7615d24856b940c25d2b5e5e32
How to assess an adolescent's decision making capacity and address a situation raising ethical issues (adapted from ref 13).
PMC10282839
fped-11-1120324-g001.jpg
0.423276
a8a2565bde5642fdab1f2aac8a05d67d
Fabrication of Dex-loaded pH/ROS dual-responsive NPs for targeted chronic prostatitis treatment
PMC10283268
12951_2023_1893_Fig1_HTML.jpg
0.367845
aa8284938bdd4c7789c058572d1b2cd1
(A, B) CLSM images of the uptake of Cy5-labeled Dex/CA-Oxi-αCD NPs and Cy5-labeled Dex/FA-CA-Oxi-αCD NPs by LPS-stimulated macrophages, prostatic stromal cells and prostatic epithelial cells. (C-E) Semiquantitative analysis of the corresponding Cy5 fluorescence intensities in LPS-stimulated macrophages (C), prostatic stromal cells (D) and prostatic epithelial cells (E). Red indicates NPs, green indicates lysosomes and blue indicates DAPI. The scale bar represents 20 μm. ∗, Significantly different at p < 0.05; ∗∗, significantly different at p < 0.01; ∗∗∗∗, significantly different at p < 0.0001
PMC10283268
12951_2023_1893_Fig2_HTML.jpg
0.380583
2a8bdd59a46749be98e1e932ddd5ac6f
Macrophages and prostatic epithelial cells were treated with LPS and then incubated with free Dex, Dex/CA-Oxi-αCD NPs or Dex/FA-CA-Oxi-αCD NPs (Dex concentration of 5 µg/mL) for 24 h. (A, D) The mRNA levels of IL-1β, IL-17 A and TNF-α in macrophages and prostatic epithelial cells were measured by quantitative real-time PCR. (B, E) Western blot analysis of IL-1β, IL-17 A and TNF-α expression in macrophages and prostatic epithelial cells as described above. β-Actin was used as a loading control. (C, F) Quantitative analysis of the data presented in Fig. 3B, E. ∗, Significantly different at p < 0.05; ∗∗, significantly different at p < 0.01; ∗∗∗, significantly different at p < 0.001; ∗∗∗∗, significantly different at p < 0.0001
PMC10283268
12951_2023_1893_Fig3_HTML.jpg
0.367328
8bf3bd0912bf40c287f0f529114f8c49
In vivo distribution of Cy5-labeled Dex/CA-Oxi-αCD NPs and Cy5-labeled Dex/FA-CA-Oxi-αCD NPs in EAP model mice. (A) In vivo fluorescence images of saline (I), free Cy5 (II), Cy5-labeled Dex/CA-Oxi-αCD NPs (III) and Cy5-labeled Dex/FA-CA-Oxi-αCD NPs (IV) in EAP model mice at different time points after intravenous injection (the region in the yellow circle indicates the lower urinary tract and part of the reproductive system). (B-C) Ex vivo fluorescence images of the excised major organs and prostates at 24 h (B) and 48 h (C) postinjection: heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, prostate and blood. (D) ROI analysis of the fluorescence intensity in the lower urinary tract and part of the reproductive system was performed at different time points after intravenous injection. (E) ROI analysis of the fluorescence intensity of the excised prostates at 24 and 48 h. (F) Semiquantitative analysis of the CLSM images of prostate tissues treated with Cy5 or Cy5-labeled NPs for 24 and 48 h. ∗∗, significantly different at p < 0.01; ∗∗∗, significantly different at p < 0.001; ∗∗∗∗, significantly different at p < 0.0001
PMC10283268
12951_2023_1893_Fig4_HTML.jpg
0.467461
d49e111bf7424edc9666218681bb7cf9
(A) Schematic diagram of the EAP mouse modeling and treatment processes. (B) Body weights of the mice. (C) Graphical depiction of von Frey filament testing to determine pelvic pain. (D) The pelvic pain of the mice was measured with von Frey filaments on the 3rd day after the last injection. (E) Inflammation scores of the prostate tissues after treatment. The mouse prostate consists of the ventral prostate (VP), dorsal and lateral prostate (DLP), and anterior or coagulating gland (CG) lobes. (F) The IL-1β, IL-17 A and TNF-α levels in the serum of mice after treatment determined with ELISA kits. (G) Western blot analysis of IL-1β, IL-17 A and TNF-α expression in the prostate tissues from EAP mice that had been subjected to various treatments. β-Actin was used as a loading control. (H) Quantitative analysis of the data presented in Fig. 5G. ∗, Significantly different at p < 0.05; ∗∗, significantly different at p < 0.01; ∗∗∗, significantly different at p < 0.001; ∗∗∗∗, significantly different at p < 0.001
PMC10283268
12951_2023_1893_Fig5_HTML.jpg
0.45795
52f3c89060424a0ab149665a6101100c
H&E-stained sections of prostate tissues (ventral prostate (VP), dorsal and lateral prostate (DLP), coagulating gland (CG)) from normal and EAP mice treated with saline, blank NPs, free Dex, Dex/CA-Oxi-αCD NPs and Dex/FA-CA-Oxi-αCD NPs. The blue arrow indicates inflammatory cell infiltration. Scale bar represents 50 μm
PMC10283268
12951_2023_1893_Fig6_HTML.jpg
0.445894
571f17e0a38b43498ba1c7fceb4a2d69
(A) Immunohistochemistry of the 5-HT1A receptor and SERT in the mouse hippocampus and GFAP in the L5-S1 segment of the spinal cord. (B-D) Semiquantitative absorbance values of the 5-HT1A receptor (B), SERT (C) and GFAP (D). Scale bar represents 200 μm. ∗, Significantly different at p < 0.05; ∗∗, significantly different at p < 0.01; ∗∗∗∗, significantly different at p < 0.001
PMC10283268
12951_2023_1893_Fig7_HTML.jpg
0.410638
e4017f89282b4466a525b3014275079d
Survey responses for selection of irrigation pressure when using pressurized saline (blue) or automated irrigation systems (orange).
PMC10285609
10.1177_17562872231179009-fig1.jpg
0.436602
cdd45797bcd2425a986020f06069fd3d
Bootstrapped neighbor-joining amino acid sequence phylogeny of nod sequences obtained in this study, along with selected nod reference sequences, quinol-nitric oxide reductase (qNor), and cytochrome-nitric oxide reductase (cNor) sequences. Nod clones generated in this study are shown in color by their sample location (green, agricultural soil; orange, agricultural soil core; blue, freshwater sediments), and selected reference sequences are shown in black. Our phylogenetic tree illustrates nine clusters designated as follows: aquifer, wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), HdN1, NC10, reactor, qNor-related, qNor, cNor, and one previously unidentified soil cluster (Agricultural). GenBank accession numbers for reference sequences are shown in parentheses, while numbers in parentheses after colored nod sequences indicate the number of sequences in a collapsed group. Bootstrap support (500 replicates) greater than 50% is indicated at the nodes. The scale bar represents 20% amino acid sequence divergence.
PMC10286720
msphere.00571-22-f001.jpg
0.383584
fce1cdc4ef5b47a19944c8b5a0a5daa2
Abridged multiple alignment around the expected quinol-binding and catalytic sites of selected qNor and qNor-related amino acid sequences with selected inferred nod amino acid sequences obtained in this study. Conserved quinol-binding and catalytic site residues found in qNor sequences are highlighted in red, whereas substitutions to those conserved residues in putative nod sequences are shown in green. The alignment was created in MEGAX with ClustalW using default parameters (31, 32). The unabridged multiple alignment can be found in Fig. S1.
PMC10286720
msphere.00571-22-f002.jpg
0.458635
c9e13bb7a3c44c33bad102a367ca15b5
(a) Depth profile for 16S rRNA and nod gene copies per g soil, as determined by qPCR, for the farm grass waterway soil column. (b) Depth profile of relative 16S rRNA gene abundances for the phylum Methylomirabilota and the order Methylomirabilales, as determined by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, for the Farm grass waterway soil column. The approximate depth at which soil moisture conditions transition from variably saturated to fully saturated is indicated with a dashed line.
PMC10286720
msphere.00571-22-f003.jpg
0.442965
d2236526d0d64508a0322e587831af0a
HPLC measurements of TPA+MHET products. A) TPA+MHET (mM) in different conditions estimated to 24 h. B) TPA+MHET (mM) accumulation up to 6‐days incubation period. Data are estimated per gram of PET, using 2 mg enzyme/g PET and expressed as mean±SEM. Calculated from a standard curve (Figure S1).
PMC10286761
CBIC-24-0-g001.jpg
0.443303
026c89e7394d4c068c0325f88ed8447a
(A) Scheme of the different PET hydrolysis pathways catalyzed by PETase. (B) Schematic diagram of experimental design comparing PETase catalytic efficiency with or without alkaline pre‐treatment of the PET substrate.
PMC10286761
CBIC-24-0-g003.jpg
0.504053
7c0273f41f5247be99e1ac31f800c953
Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) for crystallinity evaluation of (A) Untreated PET bottle and (B) PET bottle pre‐treated with NaOH. Arrows indicate the variation of the temperature to show the heating or cooling curves.
PMC10286761
CBIC-24-0-g004.jpg
0.455305
78fb98cf59644a6e85c852a254663727
SEM measures of post‐consumer PET water bottle surface. (A) PET bottle untreated. (B) PET bottle pretreated with 10 M NaOH. (C) Untreated PET bottle incubated with PETase. (D) PET bottle pretreated with alkali followed by PETase incubation. Scale bar: A‐D and insets 1 μm.
PMC10286761
CBIC-24-0-g005.jpg
0.448775
02d41a1d19ae41749ea4c4e91d380f51
Microbiota differences of early S. aureus VAP vs non-VAP patients during the first 3 days of intubation assessed by Principal coordinates analysis (PCoA). PCoA was based on the Bray–Curtis dissimilarity matrix of square-root transformed relative abundances of bacterial species. Bacterial communities defined by the sampling day and VAP occurrence were grouped to centroids. For this analysis of centroids, patient 1 was considered “non-VAP” as the VAP occurred on day 7 (late VAP). Difference was not significant on day 1 (PERMANOVA p > 0.05). D = day post-intubation
PMC10287595
40635_2023_521_Fig1_HTML.jpg
0.455239
8a9f1f19e9284c5aac6d06351786a6dd
A theory of change of mechanisation.
PMC10288359
CL2-19-e1334-g001.jpg
0.511832
defb1ae219494ecc826e299143efb21a
Impact of mechanisation on women.
PMC10288359
CL2-19-e1334-g002.jpg
0.436322
f0bf0ec2788e44e6b942cd445950343c
VD3-liposome-treated DCs induce functional Tregs. Allogeneic naïve CD4+ T cells were cocultured with MF+LPS-activated DCs, or DCs activated with MF+LPS and soluble VD3 or VD3-loaded liposomes for 6 days and subsequently used as T cells in coculture with CFSE-labeled CD4+ T memory cells. After 6 days of coculture, proliferation of CD4+ T memory cells was measured with flow cytometry. (A) Example gating of CD4+ T memory proliferation after coculture with MF+LPS and liposome DC-primed or MF+LPS and VD3-liposome DC-primed T cells (from left to right). (B) CD4+ bystander T memory proliferation normalized to the proliferation induced by MF+LPS and empty DSPG and DPTAP liposome DC-primed T cells, which was set to 100%. Lipid concentrations of empty DSPG batches ranged from 1-2.6 μg/ml, 10-26 μg/ml, 50-260 μg/ml, and of empty DPTAP batches 0.5-1 μg/ml, 2.5-15 μg/ml, 14-40 μg/ml, adjusted to the lipid concentration added when using 0.01, 0.1 or 1 μM liposome-incorporated VD3, respectively. N=5-12 independent experiments. Mean ± SD of proliferation in the control condition was 36% ± 12.4%. Error bars indicate mean ± SEM. *p≤ 0.05. ***p≤ 0.001. ****p≤ 0.0001. Statistical significance was calculated using a mixed-effects model of One-way ANOVA, with Dunnett’s correction for multiple comparisons.
PMC10288978
fimmu-14-1137538-g001.jpg
0.471624
cf086d5520d6428faf55891455536c7e
VD3-liposome treated DCs prime for the development of FoxP3+ CD127- CD4+ T cells and IL-10-producing CD4+ T cells. Allogeneic naïve CD4+ T cells were cocultured with MF+LPS activated, VD3 or VD3-liposome primed moDCs for 10-12 days, and frequencies of FoxP3+ CD25+ CD127low cells were measured by FACS. For IL-10 measurement with ELISA, CD4+ T cells were re-stimulated with aCD3, aCD28. (A) FoxP3+ CD127low T cells were gated from the single-cell gate. Example dot plots of gating FoxP3+ CD127low T cells and frequencies in example conditions are shown. (B) Frequency of FoxP3+ CD127low T cells after stimulation with differently primed moDCs. N=6-23 independent experiments. (C) IL-10 production by cocultured T cells after overnight stimulation with aCD3, aCD28 normalized to MF+LPS DC condition, which was set to 1. Lipid concentration of empty DSPG batches shown ranges from 50-260 μg/ml and of empty DPTAP batches 14-86 μg/ml, adjusted to the lipid concentration added when using 1-2.5 μM liposome-incorporated VD3. Mean ± SD of LPS-stimulated IL-10 production in the control condition was 289 pg/ml ± 333 pg/ml. N=11-19 independent experiments. Error bars indicate mean ± SEM. *p≤ 0.05. ****p≤ 0.0001. Statistical significance was calculated using a mixed-effects model of One-way ANOVA, with Dunnett’s correction for multiple comparisons.
PMC10288978
fimmu-14-1137538-g002.jpg
0.398637
c1a664e5df254969896bf693f811e8fa
Phenotypic analysis of Tregs induced by VD3-liposome treated DCs. After 10-12 days coculture with differently primed moDCs, CD4+ T cells were stained for Treg subset and functional markers. Arrows indicate which parent population the subpopulation of cells was derived from. (A) CD4+ T cells expressing CD49b, ICOS or PD-1 were gated from the single cell gate. PD-1 and FoxP3+ coexpressing cells were gated, as shown in the right panel. (B) CD4+ T cells expressing CD39, CD25, CTLA-4, or ICOS were also derived from the single-cell gate. FoxP3+ cells were further examined for CD39 coexpression and CD127 expression. CTLA-4+ cells were gated together with ICOS, and FoxP3+ cells were determined within the double-+ population. (C) Example gating for assessing expression of TIGIT, TIM-3, CD39, CD69, CTLA-4, PD-1 and ICOS within the FoxP3+ CD127low CD25+ population of CD4+ T cells. CTLA-4 ICOS coexpressing cells within this population were identified as iTregs and further examined for CD39 expression. (D) After gating CD69+ cells from single CD4+ T cells, CD69 expression against FoxP3 expression was assessed with a quadrant gate, and CTLA-4 ICOS coexpression determined within both CD69- (Q5) and CD69+ (Q6) FoxP3+ cells. (E) TIGIT and TIM-3 expressing cells were gated from the single cell population of CD4+ T cells and assessed for FoxP3 expression as shown. (F) Heatmap representing frequency of indicated T cell populations per DC-activation condition is shown.
PMC10288978
fimmu-14-1137538-g003.jpg
0.396165
eb4cd9ccc78942218b756104e4e58d97
VD3-liposome-treated DCs induce Tregs with a distinct phenotype. (A) Frequency of TIGIT+ or (B) TIM-3+ cells within the FoxP3+ CD127- CD25+ population of T cells. (C) Frequencies of CD39+ cells within FoxP3+ CD127- CD25+ cells. (D) Frequencies of CD69+ cells within FoxP3+ CD127- CD25+ cells. (E) Frequencies of ICOS+ cells within the CD69- FoxP3+ cell population.(F) Frequencies of CTLA-4+ cells within the CD69+ FoxP3+ population. (G) Frequencies of CTLA-4+ ICOS+ cells within CD69+ FoxP3+ T cells. (H) Frequencies of CD69- FoxP3+ T cells. (I) Frequencies of CD69+ FoxP3+ T cells. Lipid concentration of empty DSPG batches shown ranges from 50-260 μg/ml and of empty DPTAP batches 14-86 μg/ml, adjusted to the lipid concentration added when using 1-2.5 μM liposome-incorporated VD3. N=5-11 independent experiments. Error bars indicate mean ± SEM. *p≤ 0.05. **p≤ 0.01. ***p≤ 0.001. ****p≤ 0.0001. Statistical significance was calculated using a mixed-effects model of One-way ANOVA, with Dunnett’s correction for multiple comparisons.
PMC10288978
fimmu-14-1137538-g004.jpg
0.413979
c6cc7fd97b4f49e7b936e75a6a7914ac
VD3-liposome-treated DCs reduce Th1 and Th17 polarization. (A) Example dot plots of gating IFN-γ+ and IL-13+ CD4+ T cells from the single-cell population in MF+LPS DC or VD3-stimulated DC conditions. Allogeneic naïve CD4+ T cells were cocultured with MF+LPS activated, VD3 or VD3-liposome primed moDCs for 10-12 days and stained for IFN-γ+ and IL-13+ after 5-hour stimulation with PMA+Ionomycin. (B) Fold-induction of IL-13+ and IFN- γ+ CD4+ T cells in different moDC-priming conditions. Lipid concentration of empty DSPG batches shown ranges from 50-260 μg/ml and of empty DPTAP batches 14-86 μg/ml, adjusted to the lipid concentration added when using 1-2.5 μM liposome-incorporated VD3. Mean ± SD of IFN-γ+ T cells stimulated by MF+LPS DCs was 22.5 % ± 8.9 %, while of IL-13+ T cells, 10.68 % ± 7.34 %. N= 6-23 independent experiments. Error bars indicate mean ± SEM. *p≤ 0.05. **p≤ 0.01. ****p≤ 0.0001. Statistical significance was calculated using a mixed-effects model of One-way ANOVA, with Dunnett’s correction for multiple comparisons. (C) Example gating of IL-17 and IFN-γ expressing CD4+ T cells in different priming conditions. (D) Frequencies of IL-17+ CD4+ T cells after autologous coculture with neutrophils and differently primed moDCs. Soluble and liposome-incorporated VD3 concentration was 2.5 μM. N=7 independent experiments. Error bars indicate mean ± SEM. *p≤ 0.05. **p≤ 0.01. Statistical significance was calculated using Friedman test with Dunn’s correction for multiple comparisons.
PMC10288978
fimmu-14-1137538-g005.jpg
0.447911
335af3d73b864c7b8140c865256eb61a
VD3-liposome treatment induces expression of ILT3 and reduces expression of CD83 on DCs. (A) Gating strategy and heatmap representing frequency of marker+ populations. All marker+ populations were derived from the single-cell gate. (B) Frequencies of ILT3 expressing DCs per condition. (C) Frequencies of CD83 expressing DCs per condition. Lipid concentration of empty DSPG batches shown ranges from 50-260 μg/ml and of empty DPTAP batches 14-86 μg/ml, adjusted to the lipid concentration added when using 1-2.5 μM liposome-incorporated VD3. N=5 independent experiments. Error bars indicate mean ± SEM. *p≤ 0.05. Statistical significance was calculated using one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s correction for multiple comparisons.
PMC10288978
fimmu-14-1137538-g006.jpg
0.426779
6517cc2085024cec87ca7e103a090a86
Injection of VD3-loaded DSPG or DPTAP liposomes enhances migration of CD14+ DDCs from human skin ex vivo. (A) Gating example for skin DCs (CD11c+ HLA-DR+ crawl-out DCs) and identification of subsets based on CD1a and CD14 staining. (B) Counts of CD11c+ HLA-DR+ Crawl-out DCs. (C) Percentages (top panel) and counts (bottom panel) of CD14a+ DDCs, (D) CD1a+ DCs, and (E) CD1a++ LCs present in crawl-out DCs, per injection condition.Soluble and liposomal VD3 concentration injected was 25 μM. Lipid concentration of empty DSPG batches ranged from 1000-2600 μg/ml and of empty DPTAP batches 860-2500 μg/ml, adjusted to the lipid concentration added when using 25 μM liposome-incorporated VD3. N=8-9 independent experiments. Error bars indicate mean ± SEM. *p≤ 0.05. **p≤ 0.01. ***p≤ 0.001. ****p≤ 0.0001. Statistical significance was calculated using mixed-effects analysis with Dunnett’s correction for multiple comparisons.
PMC10288978
fimmu-14-1137538-g007.jpg
0.467803
d01fcda3343a4e2f80db1370e1ba8caa
PRISMA flowchart with the different studies (MeBI: Meditation-Based Intervention).Note: Adapted from Moher et al. (2009).
PMC10289041
pb-63-1-1182-g1.jpg
0.408221
6cfd4c8c1c7c41378837b63782792245
Cochrane Risk of bias assessment. The graph presents ratings for all 34 studies included in the systematic review.
PMC10289041
pb-63-1-1182-g2.jpg
0.379865
8d22f71c1f714507a91a7d7c30d92075
Forest plot of the standardized mean differences of all studies (negative values correspond to evidence in favor of the control group and positive values represent evidence in favor of the MeBI group, CI: Confidence Interval, RE: random-effects).
PMC10289041
pb-63-1-1182-g3.jpg
0.422094
cdc325e67563418288e0efd374c8d47d
(A) Chickpea genotypes (C. arietinumPBG5 and C. pinnatifidum188) kept in growth chambers (inoculated and control). (B) Cut twigs of C. pinnatifidum188.
PMC10289086
peerj-11-15560-g001.jpg
0.486015
81676dfbf50a411a99b73ad66f07454f
Representation of overall methodology used in the study.
PMC10289086
peerj-11-15560-g002.jpg
0.416112
e53c3aa192804882885fdf4dc44c6425
Visual symptoms of BGM infection on C. arietinumPBG5 (A, control; B, greyish colony on the twig; C, water soaked lesions; D, infected shoots without pods) and C. pinnatifidum188 (E–H) with no disease symptoms at 1st, 3rd, 5th, & 7th d.
PMC10289086
peerj-11-15560-g003.jpg
0.440744
6a39b26b49424cc3b07f5d36f553541e
(A) Superoxide dismutase, (B) catalase, and (C) ascorbate peroxidase activities in leaves of chickpea genotype C. arietinumPBG5 (susceptible) and C. pinnatifidum188 (resistant) uninoculated and inoculated with B. cinerea.Data represent the mean of replications with SD as error bars. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among genotypes at different dpi according to Tukey’s test (P ≤ 0.05).
PMC10289086
peerj-11-15560-g004.jpg
0.418163
2df3de587f9d4e54ad97a963c106d3da
(A) Peroxidase, (B) polyphenol oxidase, and (C) phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activities in leaves of chickpea genotype PBG5 (susceptible) and C. pinnatifidum (resistant) uninoculated and inoculated with B. cinerea.Data represent the mean of replications with SD as error bars. Different lowercase letters indicate the significant differences among genotypes at different dpi according to Tukey’s test (P ≤ 0.05).
PMC10289086
peerj-11-15560-g005.jpg
0.387436
6056178be19843cabc007541068cbb42
(A) H2O2, (B) proline, (C) ascorbic acid and (D) glutathione content in leaves of chickpea genotype C. arietinumPBG5 (susceptible) and C. pinnatifidum188 (resistant) uninoculated and inoculated with B. cinerea.Data represent the mean of replications with SD as error bars. Different letters indicate the significant differences among genotypes at different dpi according to Tukey’s test (P ≤ 0.05).
PMC10289086
peerj-11-15560-g006.jpg
0.446694
bc02ed9c1df0434c84cfa2a20ab4306d
(A) Total phenol and (B) MDA content in leaves of chickpea genotype C. arietinumPBG5 (susceptible) and C. pinnatifidum188 (resistant) uninoculated and inoculated with B. cinerea.Data represent the mean of replications with SD as error bars. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among genotypes at different dpi according to Tukey’s test (P ≤ 0.05).
PMC10289086
peerj-11-15560-g007.jpg
0.458272
278042996e9e4f10be5276ab6606d01f
Activity staining of different antioxidant enzymes following native PAGE of leaf extracts of susceptible and resistant chickpea genotypes. (A) Catalase. (B) Superoxide dismutase. (C) Guaiacol peroxidase. (D) Polyphenol peroxidase. 1–10—represent no. of wells, arrows indicate—no. of bands, 1—C. arietinumPBG5 control, 2—C. pinnatifidum188 control, 3—C. arietinumPBG5 (day 1), 4—C. pinnatifidum188 (day 1), 5—C. arietinumPBG5 (day 3), 6—C. pinnatifidum188 (day 3), 7—C. arietinumPBG5 (day 5), 8—C. pinnatifidum188 (day 5), 9—C. arietinumPBG5 (day 7), 10—C. pinnatifidum188 (day 7).
PMC10289086
peerj-11-15560-g008.jpg
0.405005
cf310324c7894f56b95d7e4ac3f20d7b
SEM analysis of uninoculated and B. cinerea inoculated leaf samples of susceptible and resistant chickpea genotypes: (A) control C. arietinumPBG5, (F) control C. pinnatifidum188) showing variation in no. of stomata, (B) fungal growth seen in C. arietinumPBG5, (G) fungal granules seen in C. pinnatifidum188) at day 1, (C) irregular and rough hyphal network in C. arietinumPBG5, H-uniform and smooth hyphal network in C. pinnatifidum188) at day 3, (D) more cell surface topographical disintegration in C. arietinumPBG5, (I) less topographical disintegration in C. pinnatifidum188) at day 5, (E & J) full hyphal network developed in C. arietinumPBG5 & C. pinnatifidum188) at day 7.
PMC10289086
peerj-11-15560-g009.jpg
0.530618
5844d973271547529440cb52534e7072
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis: (A & B) uninoculated and inoculated C. arietinumPBG5 and (C & D) uninoculated and inoculated C. pinnatifidum188 leaf samples.
PMC10289086
peerj-11-15560-g010.jpg
0.426642
f680454cc1694b4eb804fda64d0eef71
Distributions of age (top-left), interest in painting arts (top-right), nationality (bottom-left) and education level (bottom-right) of the subjects.
PMC10289447
pone.0287513.g001.jpg
0.568116
0acd70544a6a423b95f4d38697014b19
Example of a raw EEG signal of a single subject, from a single electrode; the first highlighted area corresponds to the blank portion of the observation, while the others correspond, each, to the observation of different paintings (here, only two paintings are shown in the picture).
PMC10289447
pone.0287513.g002.jpg
0.452242
5a93488c09f6474193be1c540b7e6996
From top to bottom, the intensity of voltage at the band δ, θ, α, β (specifically, the interval of β included in F6), and γ bands (specifically, the interval of γ included in F11) during the trial of example in Fig 2, after preprocessing. All graphics are log10-normalized. As before, the first highlighted area corresponds to the blank portion of the observation, while the others correspond, each, to the observation of different paintings (again, only two paintings are shown in the picture).
PMC10289447
pone.0287513.g003.jpg
0.477851
82ee7cbcb6f34dcbaf406df009b7af4d
Distribution of liking scores.
PMC10289447
pone.0287513.g004.jpg
0.440898
34b9f880befb4b2cbde33c4c175180b2
Selected electrodes and measures for the dataset D25 corresponding to the 25-25 binning.On the right-hand side, their spatial distribution (from dark to light: best one, best five, best ten), and on the left-hand side, top, their ordering. On the left-hand side, also, ordering of the best measures with the different selections (from line 2 to bottom: with the best ten measures, the best five, and with the best electrode only.)
PMC10289447
pone.0287513.g005.jpg
0.441255
0f82358fa0e74859afbe49e88401c77a
Selected electrodes and measures for the dataset D34 corresponding to the 17-34 binning.On the right-hand side, their spatial distribution (from dark to light: best one, best five, best ten), and on the left-hand side, top, their ordering. On the left-hand side, also, ordering of the best measures with the different selections (from line 2 to bottom: with the best ten measures, the best five, and with the best electrode only.)
PMC10289447
pone.0287513.g006.jpg
0.450438
304f0d3550464e608fbab659b37663d4
Selected electrodes and measures for the dataset D41 corresponding to the 10-41 binning.On the right-hand side, their spatial distribution (from dark to light: best one, best five, best ten), and on the left-hand side, top, their ordering. On the left-hand side, also, ordering of the best measures with the different selections (from line 2 to bottom: with the best ten measures, the best five, and with the best electrode only.)
PMC10289447
pone.0287513.g007.jpg
0.421907
4a71da5ff866474a89b552252cd5ed07
Allen’s interval relations and their notation in temporal decision trees.
PMC10289447
pone.0287513.g008.jpg
0.571722
ee4fede19d4743b59b89f2ab35b7094d
A temporal decision tree from the model extracted with the best 5 measures.
PMC10289447
pone.0287513.g009.jpg
0.590565
6e5629bf8ec74f39b3106ca731e727eb
A temporal decision tree from the model extracted with the single best measure.
PMC10289447
pone.0287513.g010.jpg
0.417074
126e3551ebec4f3d9c2445f33a37bb1d
Intraoperative complications.
PMC10289568
ms9-85-2749-g001.jpg
0.469289
28ffff28ece440e0bbcf2c322be24be6
Intraoperative bleeding source.
PMC10289568
ms9-85-2749-g002.jpg
0.417603
6cb99f9c2310432896d18befc6375321
CT image of the patient before surgery. CT, computed tomography.
PMC10289794
ms9-85-3187-g001.jpg
0.435101
018dacfa00304ce99428d701d7312bcd
CT scan image of the patient after cranioplasty. CT, computed tomography.
PMC10289794
ms9-85-3187-g002.jpg
0.427621
d61a53e3912144498694416305c94676
CT image after cranial decompression surgery. CT, computed tomography.
PMC10289794
ms9-85-3187-g003.jpg
0.396605
aba90ad71b834ddbb593acb15a6691fa
CT images before cranial decompression surgery. CT, computed tomography.
PMC10289794
ms9-85-3187-g004.jpg
0.424409
632b1c2915de4b60927c174edc0a3b89
CT image before crainoplasty. CT, computed tomography.
PMC10289794
ms9-85-3187-g005.jpg
0.439175
7a75793b413149d6b7f2d62d680fabfa
CT scan image of the patient after cranioplasty. CT, computed tomography.
PMC10289794
ms9-85-3187-g006.jpg
0.427582
38c1a54a7bf04a128fb9fb5546e61a23
CT scan image of the patient before cranioplasty. CT, computed tomography.
PMC10289794
ms9-85-3187-g007.jpg
0.468541
052b177b6fcf4018896042cd50ee7a8d
Brain oedema image after surgery.
PMC10289794
ms9-85-3187-g008.jpg
0.442605
96797e352dab494abe2ed3d43785f838
CT scan image of the patient before cranioplasty. CT, computed tomography.
PMC10289794
ms9-85-3187-g009.jpg
0.426794
75976951b5c74df6a270dd727956022b
Brain oedema image after surgery.
PMC10289794
ms9-85-3187-g010.jpg
0.380449
88b4247281a2440d98558536552bc369
Study flow diagram of selection of eligible subjects. Abbreviations: CMR, cardiac magnetic resonance; PPCI, primary percutaneous coronary intervention; STEMI, ST-elevation myocardial infarction
PMC10289996
330_2023_9406_Fig1_HTML.jpg
0.41846
af6d3561ce664ea98ce04553715581fb
Change in left ventricular structure and function by age at follow-up. Abbreviations: GCS, Global circumferential strain; GLS, Global longitudinal strain; GRS, Global radial strain; LVEDVi, Left ventricular end-diastolic volume index; LVEF, Left ventricular ejection, fraction; LVESVi, Left ventricular end-systolic volume index. Differences between groups were tested with analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)
PMC10289996
330_2023_9406_Fig2_HTML.jpg
0.427599
2ffa652dfbaf453295b2ae26e66c771a
Representative CMR images of young and old patients with typical changes of LVESVi and LVEDVi. Short-axis cine CMR obtained 5 ± 2 days (baseline) and 3 months (follow-up) after STEMI show the course of reverse and adverse remodeling according to age groups. Characteristically, both LVEDVi and LVESVi increased in this younger patient, indicating adverse remodeling and no reverse remodeling. In contrast, both LVEDVi and LVESVi decreased in this older patient, indicating reverse remodeling and no adverse remodeling. The exact size of volume has been shown at the bottom of each graph. Abbreviations: LVEDVi, Left ventricular end-diastolic volume index; LVESVi, left ventricular end-systolic volume index
PMC10289996
330_2023_9406_Fig3_HTML.jpg
0.544535
2af42d8f652444a7b5197eceee336f62
A, B Frequency of adverse remodeling and reverse remodeling in different age groups
PMC10289996
330_2023_9406_Fig4_HTML.jpg
0.396302
34013e7172294cb38495e63ee54ee649
Location of the study sites and sampling strategy. A. Geomorporhic distribution of the soil covered mantle of Lo Encañado Valley with drainage classes for each geomorphic unit. The floodplain is represented by 3 geomorphic units being a very poorly drained Fen, poorly drained Meadow and somewhat poorly drained Meadow. Hillslopes are represented by colluvial deposits facing south and north. Each position occupied in the landscape represents according to the USDA (2012) [16] a different drainage class which is referred to the frequency and duration of wet periods under conditions similar to those which the soil developed. Drainage class numbers go in a scale from number representing the less well drained (or most saturated soils) up to number 6 representing the excessively drained soils (LE01: poorly drained, LE02: somewhat poorly drained, LE03: somewhat excessively drained, LE04: well drained, LE05: very poorly drained). Arrows represent the position of the soil profiles at Lo Encañado. B. Vegetation present at each site with dominant species shown in each site as a colored box C. Soil profiles described and sampled at each site. Numbers (H1, H2...) represent a pedogenetic horizon, which are distinguishable among them as they express different morphological properties which are defined in the Field. As pedogenetic horizons are not fixed depth, a scale of 1m is shown for each profile. Violet dashed line with asterisk represents the limit between topsoil and subsoil according to soil bacterial community clustering
PMC10290380
40659_2023_445_Fig1_HTML.jpg
0.382537
585a937028394f03ada5cfacef765079
Soil bacterial community composition in five profiles along soil depth. The left vertical panel shows relative abundance of principal bacterial phyla, the middle panel shows Bray-Curtis dissimilarity analysis and the right vertical panel shows richness (Average numbers of OTUs) and diversity (Shannon index) along depths in the five soil profiles. The bottom and top of a box are the 25th and 75th quartiles, the horizontal line within a box is the median, and the ends of the whiskers are the limits of the distribution as inferred from the upper and lower quartiles. Dots are samples. *Asterisk indicate significance with Krustall-Wallis pairwise composition (topsoil-subsoil) (p<0.05)
PMC10290380
40659_2023_445_Fig2_HTML.jpg
0.480767
1525f1cf23a94e9b80bc88ad20b68cbc
Co-occurrence networks. Complete bacterial co-occurrence networks of the TS (left panel) and SS samples (rigth panel). Interactions were inferred from bacterial ASVs abundances collapsed at the genus level. Each node represents a genus, and each edge represents a significant pairwise association between them (green lines: positive edges; red lines: negative edges). The different colors of nodes represent distinct phyla. Node sizes are proportional to the number of connections (degree) of each network (maximum node degree was 50 and 45 for TS and SS network respectively)
PMC10290380
40659_2023_445_Fig3_HTML.jpg
0.376714
6f27d23fa3a24762ae841d6ce8a578ca
Differential abundance analysis. A. Differentially abundant microbial phylum identified by ANCOM. Volcano plot of differential abundance at the group level (topsoil and subsoil), clr are represented on the x-axis and W-statistics on the y-axis. The crl (center log ratio) is a measure of the effect size difference for a particular species between the study groups, and the W-statistic represents the number of times of the null-hypothesis (the average abundance of a given phylum in a group is equal to that in the other group) was rejected for a given phylum. p-values with good control of the Benjamini-Hochberg correction (FDR) at 5% type I error rate, are already embedded in the ANCOM test before the final significance based on the empirical distribution of a count random variable called W. B. Box plot comparing relative abundances between topsoil samples (violet) and subsoil samples (orange) of the phyla identified as differentially abundant. The bottom and top of a box are the 25th and 75th quartiles, the horizontal line within a box is the median, and the ends of the whiskers are the limits of the distribution as inferred from the upper and lower quartiles. Dots are samples. Note that significance of phyla among groups was tested using three approaches. First we performed an ANCOM test, followed by a metagenomeSeq analysis and after a more conservative univariate analysis using Mann-Whitney U test (p < 0.05). *Asterisk the phyla that were considered enriched were those that were significantly enriched in at least two of the three (Additional file 6: Table S6)
PMC10290380
40659_2023_445_Fig4_HTML.jpg
0.477809
35c6c4142790440da783f5caf4c9681e
Cumulative methane uptake and carbon dioxide production.Cumulative methane uptake (A) and carbon dioxide production (B) in microcosms with and without isopods (mean ± s.d.; n = 6), and in the reference (mean ± s.d.; n = 4). Inset figures depict the culmulative methane uptake rate in (A), and cumulative carbon dioxide production rate in (B). The letters indicate the level of significance between treatments at p < 0.01.
PMC10290665
43705_2023_271_Fig1_HTML.jpg
0.52586
43442bd5d6fb48d097defa3d48a25577
The abundance of the bacterial and fungal communities.The abundances of the pmoA, 16 S rRNA, and ITS genes at the start (t0), and end of the incubation (44 days) with and without P. scaber, and in the reference. Duplicate qPCR reactions were performed per replicate (n = 4 or 6), gene, and time. The letters indicate significant differences (p < 0.01) between treatments independently for the pmoA, 16 S rRNA, and ITS genes after the incubation.
PMC10290665
43705_2023_271_Fig2_HTML.jpg
0.401337
dfa0ef32367b458d847dcf81b6e12ec6
Response of the microbial community to the abiotic environment.RDA showing the response of the metabolically active (i.e., 13C-DNA-derived) bacterial (A) and fungal (B) community composition to the environmental parameters (cumulative methane uptake and carbon dioxide production rates, pH, ammonium, nitrate, nitrite, as well as the ITS, 16 S rRNA and pmoA gene abundances) in the different treatments (reference, with and without P. scaber). The asterisk indicates the level of significance (p < 0.01) of the environmental parameters.
PMC10290665
43705_2023_271_Fig3_HTML.jpg
0.417448
6dc9bb1d49f64efebe7c96267d5d7cfb
Co-occurrence network analysis of the metabolically active microbial community.Co-occurrence network analysis derived from the metabolically active bacterial and fungal communities in the microcosms with (A) and without (B) P. scaber. The topological properties of the networks are given in Table 1. Each node indicates a bacterial (green) or fungal (purple) taxon at the OTU level. The SparCC correlations were based on a magnitude of >0.7 (positive correlation) or <− 0.7 (negative correlation), and is statistically significant (P < 0.01). The size of the nodes is proportional to the number of connections (degree), and the top key nodes (i.e., nodes with the highest betweenness centrality) for bacteria and fungus are numbered, with the betweenness centrality values given in Table 2. The bacterial key nodes, given to the finest taxonomic resolution where available, are: (1) Bryobacter; (2) Ochrobactrum; (3) Gemmatimonas; (4) Micropepsaeae; (5) Nocardioides; (6) Devosia; (7) Dyadobacter; (8) Streptomyces; (9) Conexibacter; (10) Azospirillum; (11) Methylocystis; (12) Sphingomonas; (13) Thermomicrobiales; (14) Gemmatimonadaceae; (15) Gaiellales. The fungal key nodes, given to the finest taxonomic resolution where available, are: (1) Cladorrhinum; (2) Uncultured fungi; (3) Ceratobasidiaceae; (4) Thermomyces; (5) Talaromyces; (6) Apiotrichum; (7) Lophotrichus; (8) Zopfiella; (9) Ciliophora; (10) Aspergillus; (11) Chaetomiaceae; (12) Malasseziaceae. Nodes representing methanotrophs are emboldened.
PMC10290665
43705_2023_271_Fig4_HTML.jpg
0.392747
2d906cc66e30413f8cfd682262b788dc
SEM analysis of SPI (A), PE (B) and SPI-Cur-PE nanocomplexes (C).
PMC10290990
gr1.jpg
0.401761
f5a92219de214d29aa0d758a582f3450
Characterization of the nanocomplexes.
PMC10290990
gr2.jpg
0.399354
708ac5949c96481eb495779dd217e9bc
Stability of SPI-Cur-PE nanocomplexes.
PMC10290990
gr3.jpg
0.430186
e158c63974f54a91880bc0774ba05c48
In vitro release and simulated gastrointestinal release.
PMC10290990
gr4.jpg
0.445164
616be89aa23445848e315d97f593b0c8
Antioxidant activity of nanocomplexes in vitro.
PMC10290990
gr5.jpg
0.446459
9613ae1a8dea457682ef18b8d3dfd529
Control profile for management strategy (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$${\mathrm{u}}_{2}(\mathrm{t}))$$\end{document}u2(t)) and its effects on the COVID-19 dynamics in metropolitan health districts (left hand side) and rural health districts (right hand side).
PMC10293262
41598_2023_37240_Fig10a_HTML.jpg
0.446786
5ce05867cae94c6eb32c56985016ca98
Control profile for preventive (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$${\mathrm{u}}_{1}(\mathrm{t}))$$\end{document}u1(t)) and management (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$${\mathrm{u}}_{2}(\mathrm{t}))$$\end{document}u2(t)) strategies and its effects on the COVID-19 dynamics in metropolitan health districts (left hand side) and rural health districts (right hand side).
PMC10293262
41598_2023_37240_Fig11a_HTML.jpg
0.429683
047681c79d974ef1acdb024faeda3614
The map displays the locations and distributions of metropolitan and rural health districts in NSW Australia.(Source: https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/lhd/Documents/lhd-wall-map.pdf).
PMC10293262
41598_2023_37240_Fig1_HTML.jpg
0.441803
a16890126fe6421d9d9e3bbc85b09296
COVID-19 case counts and incidence rates (per one million population) in NSW metropolitan and rural areas (red bars indicate rural cases and blue bars indicate metropolitan cases) (Data source: https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/lhd/Pages/default.aspx).
PMC10293262
41598_2023_37240_Fig2_HTML.jpg
0.41645
d5b9668ca35349ed8ee39b0335bcb77e
The SEIR-X (SEMCNHRD) model structure: the population is divided into the following eight classes: susceptible, exposed (and not yet symptomatic), infectious (symptomatic) i.e. mild (mild or moderate symptom) and critical (severe symptom), death and recovered (i.e. isolation, recovered, or otherwise non-infectious).
PMC10293262
41598_2023_37240_Fig3_HTML.jpg
0.44191
1d2c4fa2163d4d94bd354d181e7b5a4a
Cumulative confirmed COVID-19 cases data from January 01, 2022 to February 10, 2022 (red dash) and the corresponding model best fit (blue solid curve) in NSW.
PMC10293262
41598_2023_37240_Fig4_HTML.jpg
0.480905
11689658f45c4b44992507cd7e779b66
Correlation between Mild cases and the corresponding parameters of the model.
PMC10293262
41598_2023_37240_Fig5_HTML.jpg
0.466909
81ccf68b97c746549a21741c08fc6ba5
Correlation between Critical cases and the corresponding parameters of the model.
PMC10293262
41598_2023_37240_Fig6_HTML.jpg
0.490212
7bc6919c09114b54936b9187a0e91db0
COVID-19 model sensitivities to its associated parameters of the model.
PMC10293262
41598_2023_37240_Fig7_HTML.jpg
0.428695
5bf467e984e94a8da9199cdfbc6f2676
Contour plots of the basic reproduction number \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$${\mathrm{R}}_{0}$$\end{document}R0 with various values of other parameters.
PMC10293262
41598_2023_37240_Fig8_HTML.jpg
0.455597
b42c3b74684644848aef192c9a7cadf4
Control profile for preventive strategy (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$${\mathrm{u}}_{1}(\mathrm{t}))$$\end{document}u1(t)) and its effects on the COVID-19 dynamics in metropolitan health districts (left hand side) and rural health districts (right hand side).
PMC10293262
41598_2023_37240_Fig9a_HTML.jpg