nopperl/pmc-image-text · Datasets at Hugging Face

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0.491443	fa536507f31e47f5aafec9d020c69477	(a) Roche total S-Ab and (b) Snibe N-Ab trend at the three time points between the Pfizer and Sinovac vaccines, with the fold increase between each point. Abbreviations: D1D10: 10 days post-dose 1, D2D20: 20 days post-dose 2, D3D20: 20 days post-dose 3.	PMC9220327	antibodies-11-00038-g002.jpg
0.516193	d30c5d7d2203458783c242d435514873	Gender group comparison of spike and neutralizing antibody responses between mRNA/inactivated virus vaccinees. (a) Roche responses in Sinovac vaccinees, (b) Snibe responses in Sinovac vaccinees, (c) Roche responses in Pfizer vaccinees, (d) Snibe responses in Pfizer vaccinees. Abbreviations: D2D20: 20 days post-dose 2, D3D20: 20 days post-dose 3.	PMC9220327	antibodies-11-00038-g003.jpg
0.435112	af803d388e8644198c2041c60df294cc	Effects of probiotic treatment on behavioural deficits associated with ASD in BTBR mice. (A) A schematic diagram of the experimental design. (B–F) A behavioural test battery was performed looking at nonsocial anxiety behaviours (N = 17–21) (B), hyperactivity (N = 16–21) (C), repetitive behaviours (N = 11–20) (D,E) and sociability/social novelty (N = 14–19) (F,G) between groups. Con—Control; Lr—L. rhamnosus HA-114; Ls—L. salivarius HA-118. Boxes extend from the 25th to 75th percentiles with the whiskers representing the furthest point that is within 1.5 times the interquartile range (IQR). * p < 0.05; p < 0.01, ** p < 0.0001.	PMC9220969	brainsci-12-00781-g001.jpg
0.422281	c9d70c4b48b042e2af9686c0b9788148	α- and β-diversity metrics of fecal microbiota following probiotic treatment. (A–D) Microbial richness, evenness, and phylogenetic diversity as measured by various α-diversity parameters (i.e., Shannon Diversity (A), Pielou’s Evenness (B), Observed ASVs (C), and Faith’s Phylogenetic Diversity (D) indices). (E,F) Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) plot of unweighted and weighted Unifrac distances as a measure of microbial community structure. N = 13–14 mice/group. Con—Control; Lr—L. rhamnosus HA-114; Ls—L. salivarius HA-118. Boxes extend from the 25th to 75th percentiles with the whiskers representing the furthest point that is within 1.5 times the IQR. p < 0.01, * p < 0.001.	PMC9220969	brainsci-12-00781-g002.jpg
0.460933	f1e9a3410a0348de8a7ea84363c6356a	Differentially abundant taxa and functional predictions following probiotic treatment. (A) Box plots of significantly different genera between groups. Genera are listed in order of decreasing feature importance (right to left), as determined by a trained classification model. (B) Metagenomic analysis of butanoate metabolism evaluated by PICRUSt2. N = 10–14 mice/group. Con—Control; Lr—L. rhamnosus HA-114; Ls—L. salivarius HA-118. Means are indicated by the black circles located within the box. The box extends from the 25th to 75th percentiles with the whiskers representing the furthest point that is within 1.5 times the IQR.* p < 0.05; p < 0.01, * p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001.	PMC9220969	brainsci-12-00781-g003.jpg
0.40346	78b0a37dd85448e49de732a2f58a7c0c	Panel of serum cytokine levels following probiotic treatment. Detected concentrations of IL-6 (A), IL-10 (B), IL-12p70 (C), IL-4 (D), IL-2 (E), GM-CSF (F), MCP-1 (G), IL-1β (H), and TNFα (I) in serum between groups. N = 10–14 mice/group. Con—Control; Lr—L. rhamnosus HA-114; Ls—L. salivarius HA-118. The box extends from the 25th to 75th percentiles with the whiskers representing the furthest point that is within 1.5 times the IQR. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01.	PMC9220969	brainsci-12-00781-g004.jpg
0.387177	87ca8e383f2742808c4bcb44c0360be7	Effect of probiotic treatment on body mass and systemic metabolism. (A) Body weight of mice recorded over the 4-week treatment period. Significant differences at baseline were observed between Lr and Ls groups. (B,C) Blood glucose and ketone levels measured at sacrifice (N = 17–21) (D) PLS-DA analysis of aqueous serum metabolites. (E) Discriminant serum metabolites with p < 0.05 and VIP > 2. Significant differences (p < 0.05) in the abundance of metabolites in the Lr and Ls groups compared to controls determined by Tukey’s post hoc analysis are indicated by ‘’ on the heatmap. Boxes extend from the 25th to 75th percentiles with the whiskers representing the furthest point that is within 1.5 times the interquartile range (IQR). N= 11–12 mice/group. Con—Control; Lr—L. rhamnosus HA-114; Ls—L. salivarius HA-118. p < 0.05.	PMC9220969	brainsci-12-00781-g005.jpg
0.466885	599a006bf3b14949be120ce0ee2eb94f	Effect of probiotic treatment on prefrontal cortex metabolism. (A) PLS-DA analysis of aqueous PFC metabolites. (B) PLS-DA analysis of nonaqueous PFC metabolites. (C) Discriminant PFC metabolites with p < 0.05 and VIP > 2. Significant differences (p < 0.05) in the abundance of metabolites in the Lr and Ls groups compared to controls are indicated by ‘*’ on the heatmap. Boxes extend from the 25th to 75th percentiles with the whiskers representing the furthest point that is within 1.5 times the interquartile range (IQR). N= 11–12 mice/group. Con—Control; Lr—L. rhamnosus HA-114; Ls—L. salivarius HA-118.	PMC9220969	brainsci-12-00781-g006.jpg
0.39448	bc61128da1bd4497901e30c7c0e1ff8b	Effect probiotic treatment on mitochondrial respiration in the brain. Mitochondrial respiration rates were assessed in the hippocampus (A) and prefrontal cortex (B) of BTBR mice undergoing Lr, Ls, and control treatments. N = 10–16 mice/group. Abbreviations: Con—Control; Lr—L. rhamnosus HA-114; Ls—L. salivarius HA-118; CIL—Proton Leak Respiration in Complex I; CIP—Phosphorylation Respiration in Complex I; CI+IIP—Phosphorylation Respiration in Complex I+II; ETS—Maximal Respiratory Capacity in the Electron Transport System. The box extends from the 25th to 75th percentiles with the whiskers representing the furthest point that is within 1.5 times the IQR.	PMC9220969	brainsci-12-00781-g007.jpg
0.417839	78a84b3dd9764f3b93d2a594c8466a3b	Circos plot showing significant correlations between gut microbial, metabolite, mitochondrial respiration, and behavioural data. A correlation cut-off of 0.7 was considered significant. Positive correlations are represented by blue lines and negative correlations are represented by gray lines.	PMC9220969	brainsci-12-00781-g008.jpg
0.416322	07885dd0d40b4540a41ac8ffe60bc5fa	Preliminary data of anti-inflammatory effects of Fisetin on CAR-induced paw edema on different doses. The animals were treated at different doses, respectively, 5, 20, and 40 mg/kg. Values are means ± SEM of 6 animals for each group; * p < 0.001 vs. sham + vehicle. p < 0.01 vs. sham + vehicle, °°° p < 0.001 vs. sham + Fisetin 40 mg/kg, °° p < 0.01 vs. sham + Fisetin 40 mg/kg. ### p < 0.001 vs. CAR. ## p < 0.01 vs. CAR.	PMC9221103	biomedicines-10-01448-g001.jpg
0.481824	1ea51ecffda547bcb123a0c5a3c80ffa	Fisetin administration on behavioral alterations after VaD induction. NOR and MWM tests were evaluated. (A) Exploration time in s; (B) escape latency; (C) frequency in the platform quadrant/min. Values = means ± SEM of 6 animals for each group; *** p < 0.001 vs. sham + vehicle, °°° p < 0.001 vs. sham + Fisetin 40 mg/kg. # p < 0.05 vs. VaD. ### p < 0.001 vs. VaD.	PMC9221103	biomedicines-10-01448-g002.jpg
0.396657	7c5c727aa829435aaddb13aca5a3a006	Fisetin administration on VaD induced histological damage and lipid peroxidation. Histological assessment in CA1 and CA3 regions, respectively, (E,H): (A,B) sham + vehicle group, (C,D), sham + Fisetin, (E,F) VaD + vehicle group, (G,H) VaD + Fisetin group, (I,J) histological scores. Figures are from at least three divided experiments. (K) MDA levels. Values are means ± SEM of 6 animals for each group. *** p < 0.001 vs. sham + vehicle, °°° p < 0.001 vs. sham + Fisetin 40 mg/kg. # p < 0.05 vs. VaD, ### p < 0.001 vs. VaD. Scale bar: 75 μm. Magnification (40×).	PMC9221103	biomedicines-10-01448-g003.jpg
0.429688	119fa6a4862945e08e43faac39c4f53c	Fisetin administration on astrocyte and microglial activation. Immunohistochemistry for GFAP and IBA-1 in CA1 and CA3 regions, respectively, (A–D) sham group, (E–H) VaD + vehicle group, (I–L) VaD + Fisetin group. The results are expressed as % of positive pixels (M–P). Figures are representative of at least three independent experiments. Values are means ± SEM of 6 animals for each group. *** p < 0.001 vs. sham, ### p < 0.001 vs. VaD, ## p < 0.01 vs. VaD. Scale bar: 75 μm. Magnification (40×).	PMC9221103	biomedicines-10-01448-g004.jpg
0.403139	83d95e661c7f402bacac9cab810e708d	Fisetin administration on BDNF factor expression after VaD induction. Immunofluorescence for BDNF (green) in CA1 and CA3 regions in sham animals (A,B), in VaD animals (C,D), and treated with Fisetin (E,F). Figures are from at least three divided experiments.	PMC9221103	biomedicines-10-01448-g005.jpg
0.376941	8f7183b3423f4358bbf85c78084a83d8	Fisetin administration on VaD induced apoptosis. TUNEL staining to see positive apoptotic cells (yellow arrows) was performed. Sham (A,B), VaD + vehicle (C,D), VaD + Fisetin (E,F). The number of apoptotic cells in CA1 and CA3 subfields of hippocampus (G,H). Figures are from at least three divided experiments. Western blots for Bax and Bcl-2 (I,I1,J,J1). Exposed is a blot of lysates (6 animals/group) with a densitometric analysis for all animals. The results = means ± SEM of 6 animals for each group. *** p < 0.001 vs. sham; ### p < 0.001 vs. VaD; # p < 0.05 vs. VaD. Scale bar: 75 μm. Magnification (40×).	PMC9221103	biomedicines-10-01448-g006.jpg
0.402822	c1abb1c3280746a080b46fe47b29eb4a	Fisetin administration on NF-κB and inflammasome activation after VaD induction. Western blots on hippocampus for (A) NLRP3, (B) ASC, (C) caspase 1, (D) NF-κB p65. Exposed is a blot of lysates (6 animals/group) with a densitometric analysis for all animals. The results in (A1,B1,C1,D1) are means ± SEM of 6 animals for each group. *** p < 0.001 vs. sham; ## p < 0.01 vs. VaD, ### p < 0.001 vs. VaD.	PMC9221103	biomedicines-10-01448-g007.jpg
0.419386	861135ffcc9a4e41888397156b89c570	Evaluation of serum and hippocampus cytokine levels. Serum and hippocampus levels of IL-1β (A,B); serum and hippocampus levels of IL-18 (C,D). Values are means ± SEM of 6 animals for each group. *** p < 0.001 vs. sham; ## p < 0.01 vs. VaD, ### p < 0.001 vs. VaD, # p < 0.05 vs. VaD.	PMC9221103	biomedicines-10-01448-g008.jpg
0.361159	b106a3dab8bd4dd08751aeb25d42a095	Fisetin administration on NRF2 pathway after VaD induction. Immunofluorescence for NRF-2 (red) in CA1 and CA3 regions, respectively, in sham animals (A,B), VaD animals (C,D), and VaD-subjected animals treated with fisetin (E,F). Representative Western blots on hippocampus tissues showed the effects of Fisetin on: (G) NRF-2, (H) HO-1 after VaD induction. Shown is a representative blot of lysates from 6 animals/group, together with a densitometric analysis for all animals. The results in (G1,H1) are expressed as means ± SEM of 6 animals for each group. * p < 0.05 vs. sham; ### p < 0.001 vs. VaD.	PMC9221103	biomedicines-10-01448-g009.jpg
0.40873	af8408ccfbbe4b97b9c37f88ecb5077d	The effect of fisetin on the key molecules and respective signaling pathways.	PMC9221103	biomedicines-10-01448-g010.jpg
0.441725	14de5ede808b420bafd591a9c6fc608c	A fragment of the alpha torus of the proteasome. The visible part of the ligand is located between α5 and α1 subunits (corresponding to the α5 and α6, respectively, in yeast 20S) (a) APBS-generated electrostatic surface; (b) hydrophobic surface (amino acid hydrophobicity is presented in the Kyte-Doolittle scale [26]).	PMC9221443	biomolecules-12-00777-g001.jpg
0.468419	536be136c85b4b30b1500f1ecac429f6	The capacity of M-1–M-12 analogs for stimulating (a) ChT-L, (b) T-L, (c) C-L peptidases of human 20S proteasome. Most of the compounds (except M-12) increased ChT-L and T-L activity of the 20S in a dose-dependent manner. All activity assays were performed in three independent replicates. Results are expressed as a percentage of activity of the 20S alone and are presented as the mean ± SEM. Ordinary one-way ANOVA analysis was used to determine statistical significance (* p < 0.05).	PMC9221443	biomolecules-12-00777-g002.jpg
0.420905	f3bcf0a66da64c8cbc04621f7734fc61	Left panels: MST time traces for the titration of 20S proteasome (from 0.06 to 1965 nM) against (a) enolase, (c) oxidized enolase, (e) α-synuclein, (g) oxidized α-synuclein. Representative data of three measurements is shown. Right panels: The normalized fluorescence was plotted against increasing 20S concentration to determine its binding affinity to enolase (b), oxidized enolase (d), α-synuclein (f), oxidized α-synuclein (h). MST curves were fitted using Hill equation, and EC50 values were calculated for α-synuclein (32.3 ± 1.3 nM), its oxidized form (67.6 ± 8.9 nM), and oxidized enolase (87.8 ± 12.9 nM) based on results derived from three independent experiments. Native enolase did not bind to 20S proteasome.	PMC9221443	biomolecules-12-00777-g003a.jpg
0.419624	950a92c5b94346a380a88897196f365c	The influence of M-1–M-11 analogs on degradation of protein substrates, (a) enolase, (b) oxidized enolase, (c) α-synuclein, (d) oxidized α-synuclein, by the human 20S proteasome. Relative quantities of undigested proteins were determined based on electrophoretic separation of the protein samples after their incubation with the modulators and 20S proteasome or the proteasome alone (control). Representative SDS-PAGE electrophoregrams with Coomassie-stained bands are presented below the charts. At 10 µM, M-5 and M-7 stimulated the degradation of oxidized enolase, whereas none of the tested compounds accelerated the digestion of its native form. Native α-synuclein was almost completely degraded in the presence of M-1 and M-10 at 10 µM concentration. M-7 (10 µM) influenced the most the degradation of oxidized synuclein. The results marked with an asterisk are statistically significant (p < 0.05).	PMC9221443	biomolecules-12-00777-g004.jpg
0.453756	0f023ee50af446e39319be8c49810f53	ChT-L peptidase of proteasome was activated up to 3-fold with 50 µM M-5 and M-7 in cell extracts prepared from HEK293T cells. M-12 failed to stimulate the ChT-L peptidase in cell lysates, exactly as with the purified 20S proteasome. The selective proteasome inhibitor, 1 µM bortezomib, used as a negative control, completely blocked the cell capacity of degrading Suc-LLVY-AMC substrate. The results are presented as the mean of three independent replicates ± SEM. Ordinary one-way ANOVA analysis was used to determine statistical significance (* p < 0.05).	PMC9221443	biomolecules-12-00777-g005.jpg
0.552046	b3468aab09024d66b9c8a2d1d5320304	Participant flow diagram.	PMC9221974	curroncol-29-00343-g001.jpg
0.42058	2ffc4a086d69478981df7c07ee4e8134	Different forms of Q-factor waveforms.The Q-factor in the figure is the natural wave. The left part is the Q-factor time-domain diagram, and the right part is the Q-factor frequency domain diagram.	PMC9222312	entropy-24-00812-g001.jpg
0.48227	065f04124f6a45558abf7a675e0a5ff0	Two-channel filter banks.	PMC9222312	entropy-24-00812-g002.jpg
0.52449	40db850434e1462dac85bb332acb290d	Tunable Q-factor wavelet transform.	PMC9222312	entropy-24-00812-g003.jpg
0.474645	5ef66555e43a4242ad44269c0b3c08d1	F-wave extraction based on the optimized resonance-based signal decomposition.	PMC9222312	entropy-24-00812-g004.jpg
0.47915	68c7de360ba34d80bb915105f2396f1f	F-wave extraction by the presented method on simulated F-wave for different leads. The graphs in the left half of the chart are time-domain signals, and the six lines in each graph are, from top to bottom, represent the raw ECG signal, simulated F-wave signal, synthetic atrial fibrillation signal, F-wave extracted by the present method, F-wave signal extracted by ABS, and F-wave signal extracted by PAC. The figure in the right half is the power spectrum estimated by the Welch method. In the figure, method1 method2, and method3 are the present method, ABS, and PAC, respectively.	PMC9222312	entropy-24-00812-g005.jpg
0.435647	29d2d916f8bd495ea93cfb15260fba36	F-wave extraction with other situation.The graphs in the left half of the chart are time-domain signals, and the six lines in each graph are, from top to bottom, represent the raw ECG signal, simulated F-wave signal, synthetic atrial fibrillation signal, F-wave extracted by the present method, F-wave signal extracted by ABS, and F-wave signal extracted by PAC. The figure in the right half is the power spectrum estimated by the Welch method. In the figure, method1 method2, and method3 are the present method, ABS, and PAC, respectively.	PMC9222312	entropy-24-00812-g006.jpg
0.501305	cdfdf417ca5042058be7ee6264acdf4a	Comparison of the presented method, ABS, and PCA.	PMC9222312	entropy-24-00812-g007.jpg
0.454106	8863ccf6d6444869acac9425479b2070	XPS of AO-CELL and its Th(IV) complexes.	PMC9223290	gels-08-00378-g001.jpg
0.487007	811cdee2f9364597a2ef6387b5398036	SEM of cellulose its derivatives. (a) Cellulose; (b) AO-CELL; (c) AO-CELL adsorbed Th(IV); (d) AO-CELL desorbed Th(IV); (e) EDS mapping of Th(IV) complexes.	PMC9223290	gels-08-00378-g002.jpg
0.488861	73c718c48a8b4f2bae0f777614b06e7b	FT-IR spectra of cellulose and its derivatives.	PMC9223290	gels-08-00378-g003.jpg
0.473132	e2753b87f7e3423fa41db5f94fccb0e6	Effect of contact time (solid/liquid ratio = 0.032 g/L; C0[Th(IV)] = 19.00 ± 0.10 mg/L; pH = 3.00 ± 0.05; T = 298.15 ± 1.00 K).	PMC9223290	gels-08-00378-g004.jpg
0.452569	a6ca3157ca754a4388cd1c90729103e6	Effect of ionic strength (anion/cation with different valence states). (Experiment conditions: solid/liquid ratio = 0.038 g/L; Celectrolyte = 0~0.48 mol/L; C0[Th(IV)] = 19.00 ± 0.10 mg/L; pH = 3.00 ± 0.05; T = 298.15 ± 1.00 K; t = 0.5 h).	PMC9223290	gels-08-00378-g005.jpg
0.449566	a0918d01eded4ce3b31301203c2ab80f	Effect of adsorbent dose on Th(IV) adsorption by CO-CELL. (Experiment conditions: C0[Th(IV)] = 19.00 ± 0.10 mg/L; pH = 3.00 ± 0.05; T = 298.15 ± 1.00 K; t = 0.5 h).	PMC9223290	gels-08-00378-g006.jpg
0.44497	1a571f10b68c4b87a9ab4b5b07eeab74	Effect of pH value. (Experiment conditions: C0[Th(IV)] = 19.00 ± 0.10 mg/L; solid/liquid ratio = 0.032 g/L; T = 298.15 ± 1.00 K; t = 0.5 h).	PMC9223290	gels-08-00378-g007.jpg
0.561386	0748e15b10944230aaf03a67dd6f9618	Selective adsorption of Th(IV) by AO-CELL. (Experiment conditions: solid/liquid ratio = 0.075 g/L; C0[Th(IV)] = 19.00 ± 0.10 mg/L; C0[M2+] = 8.0 × 10−5 mol/L; pH = 3.00 ± 0.05; T = 298.15 ± 1.00 K; t = 0.5 h).	PMC9223290	gels-08-00378-g008.jpg
0.432492	e132dc79289240128dc3b76dc35c575a	Effect of the initial concentration of Th(IV) and the temperature of the solution to the adsorption process. (Experiment conditions: temperature = 25.00 °C (9a)/45.00 °C (9b)/65.00 °C (9c); C0[Th(IV)] = 3.80~30.40 mg/L; solid/liquid ratio = 0.032 g/L; pH = 3.00 ± 0.05; t = 0.5 h).	PMC9223290	gels-08-00378-g009.jpg
0.427428	18c73af2511942508eb0de8214902183	Desorption capacity and reuse capacity (a: Desorption capacity of AO-CELL under different acidic conditions; b: the adsorption regeneration experiment of AO-CELL. Reuse experiment conditions: solid/liquid ratio = 0.08 g/L; C0[Th(IV)] = 19.00 ± 0.10 mg/L; [H+] = 0.06 mol/L; T = 298.15 ± 1.00 K; t = 0.5 h).	PMC9223290	gels-08-00378-g010.jpg
0.420999	5f37d7f152ae461eaabf2d0c4fb6cd44	Synthetic reaction equation for AO-CELL and its Th(IV) complexes.	PMC9223290	gels-08-00378-sch001.jpg
0.453751	f291826f22254bd48af1a0fc9292db6e	PRISMA flow diagram of the study selection process.	PMC9223594	ijerph-19-07446-g001.jpg
0.447034	689b65f373a54ec395ac28211d4ff8f6	Risk of bias assessment for non-comparative studies.	PMC9223594	ijerph-19-07446-g002.jpg
0.520069	529ac247361a4f2dbfbf36ee95a5dabf	Risk of bias assessment for comparative studies.	PMC9223594	ijerph-19-07446-g003.jpg
0.425599	950782e8da3b4f698b2af66ce59f3ff0	The total content and proportion of lipid components on P. asperata SEs. (A): The total lipid content of SEs before and after PDT. * Indicates a 5% significant difference. (B): The proportion of lipid components of SEs before PDT. (C): The proportion of lipid components of SEs after PDT for 14 days.	PMC9223630	ijms-23-06494-g001.jpg
0.402335	94cc3be9d8b5464699babc73c0e6cb1d	Changes in the levels of glycerolipid and glycerophospholipid molecular species in SEs subjected to PDT. * Indicates a 5% significant difference. ** Indicates a 1% significant difference. Values are mean ± SD (n = 6).	PMC9223630	ijms-23-06494-g002.jpg
0.409299	ac04b5f58823469a896d315f7f0e0234	PCA and OPLS-DA of P. asperata SEs. (A): Score plots of the PCA. (B): Loading plots of the PCA. (C): Score plots of OPLS-DA. (D): VIP values of lipid molecular species.	PMC9223630	ijms-23-06494-g003.jpg
0.372531	490832a566c64b03bf9f2a6104bc2dbe	KEGG pathways involved in lipid metabolism enrichment of DEGs in CD0 vs. CD14 and RD0 vs. RD14. The values in parentheses are p values. The enrichment results of the former were significant at the 5% level.	PMC9223630	ijms-23-06494-g004.jpg
0.395632	7e69f39d98124c5dbbd0de8358b11176	DEGs involved in glycerolipid metabolism pathways of desiccation-mediated SEs.	PMC9223630	ijms-23-06494-g005.jpg
0.442775	080212fd112a450aa5a302bb9e8923e3	DEGs involved in glycerophospholipid metabolism pathways of desiccation-mediated SEs.	PMC9223630	ijms-23-06494-g006.jpg
0.412085	75a231ea0dee460191dadd49dadcb570	The DEGs involved in the plant hormone signal transduction pathway.	PMC9223630	ijms-23-06494-g007.jpg
0.500051	414a2155b86149a78984c5050f9a1d14	PLD activity of P. asperata SEs during desiccation. Different letters indicate 5% significant differences. Values are mean ± SD (n = 5).	PMC9223630	ijms-23-06494-g008.jpg
0.455651	3acc16bcf38d4455ba9a66ed0465613c	SEs of P. asperata after different PDT times. (A): without PDT, (B): desiccated for 1 day, (C): desiccated for 7 days, (D): desiccated for 14 days.	PMC9223630	ijms-23-06494-g009.jpg
0.423072	55f5c2bd5ba446c5b3da36f74f336c0d	Slice diagram of chestnut flower bud in pre- and post-winter. Black bar represents 300 µm. (a) Vegetative branch. The buds are arranged on the left and right sides to express the size and coverage of buds and bud scales in different parts; (b) Fruiting branch. The left and right pairs of small buds at the bottom are auxiliary buds, 1–4 are branch small buds, 5–16 are incomplete mixed flower buds, 15–16 are mixed flower buds, and 18–19 are large buds above the male inflorescence; (c) Two different mixed flower buds of Chestnut. A1 is the CMF post-winter. A2 is the CMF in pre-winter, and A3 is the CMF in flowering. B1 is IMF in post-winter. B2 is the IMF in pre-winter, and B3 is the IMF in flowering.	PMC9224291	ijms-23-06452-g001.jpg
0.459733	da205f8234ec450f97f23867bf2adb38	KEGG pathway analysis of mixed flower bud in pre- and post-winter chestnut. According to the results of DEGs, the KEGG pathway is enriched and the bubble diagram is drawn. The abscissa in the figure is the ratio of the number of differential genes annotated to the KEGG pathway to the total number of differential genes, the ordinate is the KEGG pathway, the size of the point represents the number of genes annotated to the KEGG pathway, and the color from red to purple represents the significance of enrichment. (a) Two kinds of chestnut mixed flower buds in pre-winter; (b) two mixed flower buds of chestnut in post-winter; (c) the CMF in pre- and post-winter; (d) the IMF in pre- and post-winter.	PMC9224291	ijms-23-06452-g002.jpg
0.405123	cb0de14b02074014af58a969a55563ea	Volcanic map of mixed flower buds of chestnut in pre- and post-winter. The abscissa represents the change of gene expression multiple, and the ordinate represents the significance level of differential genes. Red is up-regulated, green is down-regulated, and black is non differentially expressed. (a) Mixed flower buds of two kinds of chestnut in pre-winter; (b) two mixed flower buds of chestnut in post-winter; (c) the CMF in pre-winter and post-winter; (d) the IMF in pre-winter and post-winter.	PMC9224291	ijms-23-06452-g003.jpg
0.438868	6801c9e83d254dfc977b2bd4b085855b	Comparative analysis of qRT-PCR and RNA-seq of candidate genes related to flower bud differentiation in chestnut. Actin was used as the control. The error bars represent the SD of three biological replicates. The numbers above the graphics correspond to values obtained with the correlation analysis of the gene expression ratios obtained from the RNA-seq data (column) and the qRT-PCR data (fold line). A1. The CMF in post-winter. B1. The IMF in post-winter. A2. The CMF in pre-winter. B2. The IMF in pre-winter.	PMC9224291	ijms-23-06452-g004.jpg
0.514253	c0cfd57c2f114f0f8085280f64a55e0b	Venn diagram of different metabolites in the mix flower buds of each group. (a) Two mixed flower buds in pre-winter; (b) Two mixed flower buds in post-winter; (c) The CMF in pre- and post-winter; (d) The IMF in pre- and post-winter.	PMC9224291	ijms-23-06452-g005.jpg
0.4169	0f2687b843214360bf4ce96a88545fd4	Enrichment map of differential metabolites and differential genes in mix flower buds of chestnut. (a) The CMF in pre- and post-winter; (b) The IMF in pre- and post-winter.	PMC9224291	ijms-23-06452-g006.jpg
0.50185	293e8d64e1534c7db9e45ca3f8622d17	Correlation between different metabolites and genes in flower bud in pre- and post-winter. With the black dotted line as the boundary, it is divided into 1–9 quadrants from left to right and from top to bottom, Quadrants 3 and 7 represent positive correlation between genes and metabolites. The change of metabolites may be positively regulated by genes, and the differential expression pattern of genes and metabolites is consistent. Blue represents differential metabolites and expressed genes, green represents non differential metabolites, and red represents non differential expressed genes. (a) The CMF in pre- and post-winter; (b) the IMF in pre- and post-winter.	PMC9224291	ijms-23-06452-g007.jpg
0.482679	de17146145664ac7bb74b41d53057630	Difference of phytohormones content between the CMF and IMF of C. mollissima. A1. The CMF in post-winter; B1: The IMF in post-winter; A2: The CMF in pre-winter; B2: The IMF in pre-winter. (a) Changes of auxin content in different flower buds; (b) Change of abscisic acid content; (c) Change of salicylic acid content; (d) Change of cytokinin content; (e) Changes of methyl jasmonate content; (f) Change of gibberellin content.	PMC9224291	ijms-23-06452-g008.jpg
0.414792	48b5a954d3c047fda3d2f31e457fb832	Changes of phytohormones content and expression of related genes in two different mixed flower buds of C. mollissima. A1. The CMF in post-winter; B1: The IMF in post-winter; A2: The CMF in pre-winter; B2: The IMF in pre-winter. (a) Analysis on the expression of flower bud differentiation related genes in complete mixed flower buds and incomplete mixed flower buds of chestnut at different stages; (b) The GAs content of two mixed flower buds in pre- and post-winter; (c) Difference analysis of MeJA content in different flower buds at different stages; (d) Regulating network between the selected genes and phytohormones compounds in chestnut flowering bud. The positive correlation threshold is set to be greater than or equal to 0.5, the negative correlation threshold is set to be less than or equal to −0.5, and the p-value threshold is less than 0.5, R version 3.6.1, igraph1.2.6.	PMC9224291	ijms-23-06452-g009.jpg
0.427784	ca4ea70826dd4f07b2228bbb78fcacad	In vitro validation of interaction between CmMYC2 and CmJAZ1 in regulating FT and LFY gene expression. (a) Construct details for dual-luciferase assays; (b) Nucleotide logo of the predicted MYC2-1 binding site in FT genes; (c) Nucleotide logo of the predicted MYC2-1 binding site at the regulating area of LFY; (d) The in vivo associations of TFs (CmMYC2 and CmJAZ1) and promoters were obtained from dual-luciferase assays in tobacco leaves. The REN and LUC activities of different combinations of effector (35S::CmMYC2 and 35S::CmJAZ1) and reporter (PCmFT527, PCmFT933, PCmLeafy2-465, PCmLeafy2-674, PCmLeafy3-473 and PCmLeafy3-878) constructs were measured; (e) Construct details for Y2H assays. CmJAZ1-3 was cloned into bait plasmid pGBKT7 vectors, while CmMYC2-2 was inserted into a pGADT7 vector as a prey; (f) A yeast two-hybrid assay showing protein interactions. BD is the GAL4 DNA binding domain; AD is the GAL4 activation domain; -TL, SD/-Trp/-Leu; -TLHA, SD/-Trp/-Leu/-Ade/-His; -TLHA + X-α-gal, SD/-Trp/-Leu/-Ade/-His/X-α-gal; Em, empty vector; pGBKT7-53 and pGADT7-T served as positive controls, and pGBKT7-Lam and pGADT7-T served as negative controls.	PMC9224291	ijms-23-06452-g010a.jpg
0.455452	21a6329b8caa4f1abb46917db5ac41c8	Phytohormone regulated expression model of floral development related genes in two different flower buds of chestnut in pre-winter and post-winter. (a) In pre-winter, the higher GA content promoted the increase in GID1 and GID2 expression levels, and inhibited the expression of DELLAs gene, further decrease the transcription level of MYC3 and FLC, which was conducive to breaking dormancy and promoting the development of male inflorescence in the two different flower buds; (b) In post-winter, the decrease in GAs content led to the decrease in GID1 and GID2 expression levels and the increase in DELLAs expression levels in IMF, which decrease the expression of FT/LFY/SOC1 and other genes, and thus inhibited the differentiation of female flower buds; (c) The content of JA-ILE increases significantly and the GAs decreases in CMF in post-winter, which lead to the transcription level of JAZ1 decreases and the expression level of DELLAs increases. The higher DELLAs protein binds to JAZ1 in CMF in post-winter. This competitive binding enables the JAZ1-MYC2 complex to release MYC2, and the higher transcriptional level of MYC2 initiates the expression of genes related to female flower development, such as TF1, LFY1, and FT.	PMC9224291	ijms-23-06452-g011.jpg
0.452792	1cbae6c91029460c953ba2e041c613bf	FAW occurrences on maize and alternative host plants during (a,c) growing seasons and (b,d,e) off-seasons for the years 2018, 2019 and 2020, and (f) overall FAW georeferenced records on study sites in southern and central Benin.	PMC9224405	insects-13-00491-g001.jpg
0.521179	a3eebab7587749288e4a492a4d945fa5	FAW host plant (a) cultivated crop and (b) wild species records over all study sites. The rate of host plant records for each study site is obtained by dividing the number of plants infested with FAW by the number of sites surveyed.	PMC9224405	insects-13-00491-g002.jpg
0.466699	0f809d00c3774d20a1ace3ca7ac5ffa4	Occurrence of parasitoid species recorded in maize growing and off-seasons in southern and central Benin. The percentage of parasitoid frequency was calculated by dividing the number of the parasitoid species records by the total records of all parasitoid species.	PMC9224405	insects-13-00491-g003.jpg
0.445208	08b94038e6eb4c33b56e19781bea830a	Charops sp. georeferenced records on maize, wild and other cultivated host plants for the years 2018, 2019 and 2020 on the study sites for growing (a,c) and off-seasons (b,d,e) in southern and central Benin (f).	PMC9224405	insects-13-00491-g004.jpg
0.447462	fc34dc3d8649456c87c98ded61e8420b	Chelonus bifoveolatus georeferenced records on maize, wild and other cultivated host plants for the years 2018, 2019 and 2020 on the study sites for growing (a,b) and off-seasons (c,d) in southern and central Benin (e). No C. bifoveolatus were found in the 2018 off-season.	PMC9224405	insects-13-00491-g005.jpg
0.430558	54c2823a17f74381a51b76bb3d7b3b45	Coccygidium luteum georeferenced records on maize, wild and other cultivated host plants for the years 2018 and 2020 on the study sites for growing (a) and off-seasons (b,c) in southern and central Benin (d). No C. luteum were found in 2019.	PMC9224405	insects-13-00491-g006.jpg
0.430289	a58fa8fbd8394d509f498a713fdcf055	Cotesia icipe georeferenced records on maize, wild and other cultivated host plants for the years 2018, 2019 and 2020 on the study sites for growing (a,c) and off-seasons (b,d,e) in southern and central Benin (f).	PMC9224405	insects-13-00491-g007.jpg
0.443399	bef666a40b8d47febcdc6d02bd41247f	Pristomerus pallidus georeferenced records on maize, wild and other cultivated host plants for the years 2018, 2019 and 2020 on the study sites for growing (a,c) and off-seasons (b,d) in southern and central Benin (e). No P. pallidus were found in the 2019 off-season.	PMC9224405	insects-13-00491-g008.jpg
0.456035	c2f45122c1094e34aaed4d86ed2ccb33	Telenomus remus georeferenced records on maize, wild and other cultivated host plants for the years 2018 and 2019 on the study sites for growing (a,c) and off-seasons (b) in southern and central Benin (d). No T. remus were found in the 2019 or 2020 off-season.	PMC9224405	insects-13-00491-g009.jpg
0.475273	c6638e3d2a4e44568399fbc455072cda	Flow chart of the intervention protocol.	PMC9224508	ijerph-19-07367-g001.jpg
0.487621	36dc9792117f42b5a0998377731ae285	Heart rate response during first HICT session (S1) and last HICT session (S36) (A). Self-reported time spent with vigorous physical activity for HICT group (B). Student’s t-test, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01.	PMC9224508	ijerph-19-07367-g002.jpg
0.449382	229aab6e79f649cf9ea552a9b2a96114	Individual responses of all participants for selected HRV parameters. Black bars belong to the HICT, while gray bars belong to CON. The upper and lower thresholds are depicted by continuous lines on the Y-axis of each figure. Individuals located between those lines are considered non-responders on that specific HRV parameter. (A) shows that three individuals in the HICT group and one individual in the control group responded to the intervention. (B) shows that only one individual in the HICT group responded to the intervention. (C) shows that two individuals in the HICT group and two individuals in the control group responded to the intervention. (D) shows that five individuals in the HICT group and one individual in the control group responded to the intervention.	PMC9224508	ijerph-19-07367-g003.jpg
0.523138	4dd8a804f5d141be99e08b1c29263e49	Representative avatars as provided by the software of the Fit3D ProScanner device (hardware version 5.0.6; software version 5.5.0—Fit3D Inc., San Mateo, CA, USA). (Left panel) a healthy male subject with standard circumference measurements (continuous black lines) provided by the software. NECK: circumference at mid-point of the neck (over the larynx). CHEST (in males): circumference at inner point of shoulder blades (BUST circumference in females is taken at the forwardmost protruding point above the waist). WAIST: circumference at the small of the back between the lower rib and top of the iliac crest. HIPS: circumference at the rearmost protruding point below the waist. BICEPS: max circumference of the arm between shoulder and elbow. FOREARM: max circumference of the arm between elbow and wrist. THIGH: max circumference of the leg between crotch and knee. CALF: max circumference of the leg between knee and ankle. (Middle panel) a male subject with obesity (body mass index: 34.2 kg/m2) presenting increased waist circumference (123 cm). (Right panel) male patient with congenital inter-limb circumference asymmetries exacerbated following long-term unilateral immobilization of the upper and lower left limbs: right–left biceps: 39.3–33.7 cm; right–left forearm: 31.7–28.3 cm; right–left thigh: 63.1–57.8 cm; right–left calf: 40.9–36.3 cm.	PMC9224732	jpm-12-00906-g001.jpg
0.421583	92714650bdce4e5cb2cd4b2a63e73858	Biannual (triennial only for years 2017–2019) averages of the waist circumference values for young and adult (16–90 years old) men (black squares) and women (grey circles) of the Health Survey for England (HSE) population (between 1993 and 2019—missing data for 1995 and 1996). Data are fit with linear regression lines.	PMC9224732	jpm-12-00906-g002.jpg
0.489839	7c9fa8c070884af29c5fb713b350fe6f	Representative humanoid avatars of average European men (top row) and women (bottom row) at three time points between 1993 and 2019 as defined by mean population height, weight, and waist circumference. Mean anthropometric data were obtained from the following two cohorts: (i) the Italian cohort of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC-Italy); (ii) Health Survey for England (HSE). Time points: (A) Average data from EPIC-Italy 1993–1998 (n = 13,886 men and 31,998 women) and HSE 1993–1994 (n = 12,971 men and 14,677 women) for height, weight, and waist circumference in men (1.73 m, 78.8 kg, 93.5 cm) and women (1.60 m, 65.6 kg, 81.2 cm). (B) Average data from EPIC-Italy 2005–2013 (n = 7834 men and 16,892 women) and HSE 2005–2007 (n = 10,041 men and 12,093 women) for height, weight, and waist circumference in men (1.73 m, 81.2 kg, 98.2 cm) and women (1.60 m, 67.8 kg, 86.9 cm). (C) Average data from HSE 2017–2019 (n = 6348 men and 8035 women) for height, weight, and waist circumference in men (1.75 m, 86.5 kg, 99.5 cm) and women (1.62 m, 72.8 kg, 90.0 cm).	PMC9224732	jpm-12-00906-g003.jpg
0.510082	8c1c5bfe22ac46c68c6184e195d75498	Rapid preoperative design and production. Preoperative imaging received from peripheral hospital demonstrated, via sagittal (A) and axial (B) bone windows, a C7 burst fracture with retropulsion of fragment (red arrows in A,B,D) into the spinal canal with stenosis (A–D). Production of a 3D-printed biomodel (C) and anterior approach patient-specific implant design (E) for use with integral fixation screws (F, blue arrows). The biomodel (C), combined with the 3D-printed implants (see Figure 2) aided determination of the width of vertebral body resected (blue dashed lines); yellow shows nerve root paths, red shows location of vertebral arteries.	PMC9224763	jpm-12-00997-g001.jpg
0.442914	bfbc1aa01bb7438aad726283adb40570	Implantation and postoperative imaging. (A) dynamic biomodel allowed for trialling of different sized implants and aided in determining the extents of C7 vertebral body resection. Surgical decompression prior to implant placement. (B) Immediate press fit of the implant was achieved with integral screw fixation used to maximise initial stability of the construct (C). Virtual surgery planning (VSP) simulated X-rays (D) were compared to intra-operative X-rays (E) to check depth of implantation and screw trajectories. (F) C7 (grey) with pathological (red) C4-6 vertebral relative positioning compared to immediate postoperative positioning (green) of the same vertebrae. Note that the procedure restored height (green [post-op] is higher than red [pre-op]). (G) Green, as in F, is the immediate postoperative vertebrae positioning compared to blue, which is 10 weeks post-op. (H) Ten-week post-op (blue) vertebral positioning compared to pre-op pathological (red) positioning. Ten-week post-op sagittal (I) and coronal (J) CT slices demonstrate: excellent cord decompression, new (fusion) bone growth through the graft window of the device, the stability of the construct (osseointegration with the device), excellent implant positioning.	PMC9224763	jpm-12-00997-g002.jpg
0.438338	dc710551bb4b44d6b0c720ab8b023677	Chronology of rapid implementation of personalised spinal trauma surgery. Patient and device manufacture timelines. The patient was injured in a rural location shortly after midday on Saturday and was transported to a local hospital for medical imaging. Primary diagnosis led to contact with a tertiary hospital with a spinal unit and transfer of the computer tomography imaging, which was used for virtual surgical planning, biomodel and patient-specific implant (PSI) design. After a weather delay, the patient was airlifted to the tertiary hospital. Meanwhile, the biomodel and PSI were being manufactured at a ‘near-the-point-of-care’ facility. After manufacture, post-processing and quality checks, the implants were delivered and sterilised by the hospital’s Central Sterile Supply Department. Surgery was scheduled as first on Monday’s list.	PMC9224763	jpm-12-00997-g003.jpg
0.472758	5e977422ce664f10bcbd6873a99391a5	Comparative analysis between the National Early Warning Score (NEWS) and the Quick-Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) in non-diabetic (DM–) and type-2 diabetic (DM+) patients. Total amount of leukocytes (A and B) and neutrophils (C and D) and plasma levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) (E and F) and D-dimer (G and H). Data are reported as means±SE. P<0.05, ANOVA and t-test (P value with an asterisk).	PMC9224823	1414-431X-bjmbr-55-e11819-gf001.jpg
0.522862	a226f91712a94cc9977af9762b3324ed	Risk scores and plasma biochemical parameters in non-diabetic (DM–) and type-2 diabetic (DM+) patients with COVID-19 classified as non-severe and severe according to the National Early Warning Score (NEWS). NEWS (A), Quick-Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) (B), C-reactive protein (CRP) (C), D-dimer (D), plasma glucose (E), lactate (F), age (G), and urea (H) in type 2 diabetic and non-diabetic patients. Data are reported as means±SE. P<0.05, ANOVA and t-test (P value with an asterisk).	PMC9224823	1414-431X-bjmbr-55-e11819-gf002.jpg
0.496907	50970d3e87024e8185ed8e02a3298088	Plasma cellular parameters in non-diabetic (DM–) and type-2 diabetic (DM+) patients with COVID-19 classified as non-severe and severe according to the National Early Warning Score (NEWS). Total leukocytes (A), neutrophils (B), lymphocytes (C), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (D), d-lymphocytes (E), d-neutrophils (F), d-NLR (G), and basophils (H). Data are reported as means±SE. P<0.05, ANOVA and t-test (P value with an asterisk).	PMC9224823	1414-431X-bjmbr-55-e11819-gf003.jpg
0.429682	44318c541567449dbca723358b7b1936	Correlation analysis between the National Early Warning Score (NEWS) and plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) (A), D-dimer (B), glucose (C), lactate (D), and urea (E) levels, and age (F) in type 2 diabetic (DM+) and non-diabetic (DM) COVID-19 patients.	PMC9224823	1414-431X-bjmbr-55-e11819-gf004.jpg
0.525698	2ca9b7de3df44e2aaea2fa996e965b13	Number of days in the ICU (A), with mechanical ventilation (B), receiving vasopressor drugs (C), and on dialysis (D) of type-2 diabetic (DM+) and non-diabetic (DM–) patients classified as non-severe and severe, according to their National Early Warning Score (NEWS). The GLAUND (E) index scores were calculated using plasma glucose levels, plasma lactate levels, age, plasma urea levels, NEWS score, and plasma D-dimer levels. ICU: intensive care unit. Data are reported as means±SE. P<0.05, ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post hoc test and t-test (P value with an asterisk).	PMC9224823	1414-431X-bjmbr-55-e11819-gf005.jpg
0.445592	f751bdf7b07343e3b61fba4f72f4ed3a	Worldwide distribution of scientific reports on neuropsychological profiles of CH-Tx patients. The red dots indicate reports of CH-Tx patients with a deficit in at least one neuropsychological domain. The green dots indicate reports of CH-Tx patients who did not present neuropsychological alterations.	PMC9224966	jcm-11-03427-g001.jpg
0.411158	eac460ed9f71485582ea0f9e5d1d0687	Main neuropsychological alterations reported in CH-Tx patients at different ages. This figure summarizes the main alterations reported in CH-Tx patients; however, these alterations depend on several factors (see Section 4). The dotted line indicates that it is not possible to evaluate the neuropsychological domain in neonates and infants. * Scores are frequently within normal limits, but values are at inferior limit. + Optimum L-T4 dose and early treatment are essential for better scores. # Alterations were found in 29–50% of children with CH. ** No impairment in verbal fluency.	PMC9224966	jcm-11-03427-g002.jpg
0.538869	e567f8a95dca4917bfe20ce1daf4f9a0	Factors related to the neuropsychological alterations found in patients with congenital hypothyroidism treated with levothyroxine (L-T4). The onset and severity of the neuropsychological alterations in patients with congenital hypothyroidism treated with L-T4 are related to extrinsic (dotted yellow line) and intrinsic (dotted green line) factors. Extrinsic factors include those related to L-T4 treatment (I) and social elements (II). Intrinsic factors correspond to severity and etiology of congenital hypothyroidism (III), and changes in the brain, such as structural and physiological alterations in specific brain regions (IV) and modifications in the thyroid physiology of the brain (V). This review proposes the hypothesis that modifications in the brain thyroid physiology lead to a state of mild thyroid hormone hyposensitivity that could also contribute to the onset of the neuropsychological sequelae (V).	PMC9224966	jcm-11-03427-g003.jpg
0.554136	f0961729df7d4d2ea760d39c4e7039b7	Hypothesis of thyroid hormone hyposensitivity as a factor linked to neuropsychological alterations in patients with congenital hypothyroidism (CH) treated with levothyroxine (L-T4). Reduced levels of thyroid hormones (THs) during perinatal period could lead to mild thyroid hormone hyposensitivity in the brain (A). Hyposensitivity may be caused by altered expression of molecules OATP1C, MCT8, DIO2, DIO3, and RXR and thyroid receptors (TRα1, TRβ1, TRβ2) (asterisks indicate molecules possibly affected). This leads to a deficit in L-T4 transport from the periphery to the brain, a reduced transport of L-T4 and T3 between neural cells, impaired conversion of L-T4 into T3 or T3 into T2, and an impaired THs mechanism of action in the brain (B). It is hypothesized that the hyposensitivity is mild but enough to reduce effectiveness of L-T4 treatment at cerebral level (C), which contributes to the incidence of neuropsychological alterations in CH patients under treatment (D). The mechanism of THs transport in this figure is based on that published by Alkemade et al. for human hypothalamus [118]. Abbreviations: BBB, Blood–brain barrier; OATP1CI, Organic anion-transporting polypeptide 1c1; MCT8, Monocarboxylate transporter 8; MCT10, Monocarboxylate transporter 10; DIO2, Type 2 deiodinase; DIO3, type 3 deiodinase; RXR, Retinoid X receptor; TR, thyroid receptors.	PMC9224966	jcm-11-03427-g004.jpg
0.482892	cf43c5a1b99540b5aebb4d76f2ba39f5	The annual incidence of surgical and percutaneous treated IC and CLTI stratified by sex.	PMC9225294	jcm-11-03303-g001.jpg
0.379369	ebaa567db54a454a8247dce1fc26d8ab	Histogram of age at first presentation of short-distance IC and CLTI as stratified by sex.	PMC9225294	jcm-11-03303-g002.jpg
0.502689	03c4ded873de4eb18cf5ac0824ddbd44	Median age of patients at first surgical and percutaneous treated PAD intervention (short-distance IC and CLTI combined), as separated by sex.	PMC9225294	jcm-11-03303-g003.jpg
0.415604	80029ab8a0da4b02b08b7cef41dcc80d	Kaplan–Meier survival curves for (a) sex stratification of patients with PAD (combined short-distance IC and CLTI cohorts), (b) age stratification of patients with PAD (combined short-distance IC and CLTI cohorts), (c) short-distance IC compared to CLTI cohort, (d) sex stratification of patients with short-distance IC, (e) age stratification of patients with short-distance IC, (f) sex stratification of patients with CLTI, and (g) age stratification of patients with CLTI.	PMC9225294	jcm-11-03303-g004a.jpg
0.449822	98c4e031801841fab56f97b455ffa1b7	The proposed approach consists of two autoencoders. The first autoencoder is provided by the concatenated vectors of the visual and semantic spaces. The second autoencoder is provided by the visual features vectors only. Both autoencoders have a dense layer, followed by a dropout and a second dense layer. This is followed by another layer, which generates the values z. Activation functions are ReLU, and the activation functions for the last layer for both the encoder and the decoder are linear.	PMC9225515	jimaging-08-00171-g001.jpg
0.413429	b1db6256f0e4459392b1bba89eb589df	Examples from Animals with Attributes (AWA) dataset.	PMC9225515	jimaging-08-00171-g002.jpg

0.491443

fa536507f31e47f5aafec9d020c69477

(a) Roche total S-Ab and (b) Snibe N-Ab trend at the three time points between the Pfizer and Sinovac vaccines, with the fold increase between each point. Abbreviations: D1D10: 10 days post-dose 1, D2D20: 20 days post-dose 2, D3D20: 20 days post-dose 3.

PMC9220327

antibodies-11-00038-g002.jpg

0.516193

d30c5d7d2203458783c242d435514873

Gender group comparison of spike and neutralizing antibody responses between mRNA/inactivated virus vaccinees. (a) Roche responses in Sinovac vaccinees, (b) Snibe responses in Sinovac vaccinees, (c) Roche responses in Pfizer vaccinees, (d) Snibe responses in Pfizer vaccinees. Abbreviations: D2D20: 20 days post-dose 2, D3D20: 20 days post-dose 3.

PMC9220327

antibodies-11-00038-g003.jpg

0.435112

af803d388e8644198c2041c60df294cc

Effects of probiotic treatment on behavioural deficits associated with ASD in BTBR mice. (A) A schematic diagram of the experimental design. (B–F) A behavioural test battery was performed looking at nonsocial anxiety behaviours (N = 17–21) (B), hyperactivity (N = 16–21) (C), repetitive behaviours (N = 11–20) (D,E) and sociability/social novelty (N = 14–19) (F,G) between groups. Con—Control; Lr—L. rhamnosus HA-114; Ls—L. salivarius HA-118. Boxes extend from the 25th to 75th percentiles with the whiskers representing the furthest point that is within 1.5 times the interquartile range (IQR). * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01, **** p < 0.0001.

PMC9220969

brainsci-12-00781-g001.jpg

0.422281

c9d70c4b48b042e2af9686c0b9788148

α- and β-diversity metrics of fecal microbiota following probiotic treatment. (A–D) Microbial richness, evenness, and phylogenetic diversity as measured by various α-diversity parameters (i.e., Shannon Diversity (A), Pielou’s Evenness (B), Observed ASVs (C), and Faith’s Phylogenetic Diversity (D) indices). (E,F) Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) plot of unweighted and weighted Unifrac distances as a measure of microbial community structure. N = 13–14 mice/group. Con—Control; Lr—L. rhamnosus HA-114; Ls—L. salivarius HA-118. Boxes extend from the 25th to 75th percentiles with the whiskers representing the furthest point that is within 1.5 times the IQR. ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001.

PMC9220969

brainsci-12-00781-g002.jpg

0.460933

f1e9a3410a0348de8a7ea84363c6356a

Differentially abundant taxa and functional predictions following probiotic treatment. (A) Box plots of significantly different genera between groups. Genera are listed in order of decreasing feature importance (right to left), as determined by a trained classification model. (B) Metagenomic analysis of butanoate metabolism evaluated by PICRUSt2. N = 10–14 mice/group. Con—Control; Lr—L. rhamnosus HA-114; Ls—L. salivarius HA-118. Means are indicated by the black circles located within the box. The box extends from the 25th to 75th percentiles with the whiskers representing the furthest point that is within 1.5 times the IQR.* p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001.

PMC9220969

brainsci-12-00781-g003.jpg

0.40346

78b0a37dd85448e49de732a2f58a7c0c

Panel of serum cytokine levels following probiotic treatment. Detected concentrations of IL-6 (A), IL-10 (B), IL-12p70 (C), IL-4 (D), IL-2 (E), GM-CSF (F), MCP-1 (G), IL-1β (H), and TNFα (I) in serum between groups. N = 10–14 mice/group. Con—Control; Lr—L. rhamnosus HA-114; Ls—L. salivarius HA-118. The box extends from the 25th to 75th percentiles with the whiskers representing the furthest point that is within 1.5 times the IQR. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01.

PMC9220969

brainsci-12-00781-g004.jpg

0.387177

87ca8e383f2742808c4bcb44c0360be7

Effect of probiotic treatment on body mass and systemic metabolism. (A) Body weight of mice recorded over the 4-week treatment period. Significant differences at baseline were observed between Lr and Ls groups. (B,C) Blood glucose and ketone levels measured at sacrifice (N = 17–21) (D) PLS-DA analysis of aqueous serum metabolites. (E) Discriminant serum metabolites with p < 0.05 and VIP > 2. Significant differences (p < 0.05) in the abundance of metabolites in the Lr and Ls groups compared to controls determined by Tukey’s post hoc analysis are indicated by ‘*’ on the heatmap. Boxes extend from the 25th to 75th percentiles with the whiskers representing the furthest point that is within 1.5 times the interquartile range (IQR). N= 11–12 mice/group. Con—Control; Lr—L. rhamnosus HA-114; Ls—L. salivarius HA-118. * p < 0.05.

PMC9220969

brainsci-12-00781-g005.jpg

0.466885

599a006bf3b14949be120ce0ee2eb94f

Effect of probiotic treatment on prefrontal cortex metabolism. (A) PLS-DA analysis of aqueous PFC metabolites. (B) PLS-DA analysis of nonaqueous PFC metabolites. (C) Discriminant PFC metabolites with p < 0.05 and VIP > 2. Significant differences (p < 0.05) in the abundance of metabolites in the Lr and Ls groups compared to controls are indicated by ‘*’ on the heatmap. Boxes extend from the 25th to 75th percentiles with the whiskers representing the furthest point that is within 1.5 times the interquartile range (IQR). N= 11–12 mice/group. Con—Control; Lr—L. rhamnosus HA-114; Ls—L. salivarius HA-118.

PMC9220969

brainsci-12-00781-g006.jpg

0.39448

bc61128da1bd4497901e30c7c0e1ff8b

Effect probiotic treatment on mitochondrial respiration in the brain. Mitochondrial respiration rates were assessed in the hippocampus (A) and prefrontal cortex (B) of BTBR mice undergoing Lr, Ls, and control treatments. N = 10–16 mice/group. Abbreviations: Con—Control; Lr—L. rhamnosus HA-114; Ls—L. salivarius HA-118; CIL—Proton Leak Respiration in Complex I; CIP—Phosphorylation Respiration in Complex I; CI+IIP—Phosphorylation Respiration in Complex I+II; ETS—Maximal Respiratory Capacity in the Electron Transport System. The box extends from the 25th to 75th percentiles with the whiskers representing the furthest point that is within 1.5 times the IQR.

PMC9220969

brainsci-12-00781-g007.jpg

0.417839

78a84b3dd9764f3b93d2a594c8466a3b

Circos plot showing significant correlations between gut microbial, metabolite, mitochondrial respiration, and behavioural data. A correlation cut-off of 0.7 was considered significant. Positive correlations are represented by blue lines and negative correlations are represented by gray lines.

PMC9220969

brainsci-12-00781-g008.jpg

0.416322

07885dd0d40b4540a41ac8ffe60bc5fa

Preliminary data of anti-inflammatory effects of Fisetin on CAR-induced paw edema on different doses. The animals were treated at different doses, respectively, 5, 20, and 40 mg/kg. Values are means ± SEM of 6 animals for each group; *** p < 0.001 vs. sham + vehicle. ** p < 0.01 vs. sham + vehicle, °°° p < 0.001 vs. sham + Fisetin 40 mg/kg, °° p < 0.01 vs. sham + Fisetin 40 mg/kg. ### p < 0.001 vs. CAR. ## p < 0.01 vs. CAR.

PMC9221103

biomedicines-10-01448-g001.jpg

0.481824

1ea51ecffda547bcb123a0c5a3c80ffa

Fisetin administration on behavioral alterations after VaD induction. NOR and MWM tests were evaluated. (A) Exploration time in s; (B) escape latency; (C) frequency in the platform quadrant/min. Values = means ± SEM of 6 animals for each group; *** p < 0.001 vs. sham + vehicle, °°° p < 0.001 vs. sham + Fisetin 40 mg/kg. # p < 0.05 vs. VaD. ### p < 0.001 vs. VaD.

PMC9221103

biomedicines-10-01448-g002.jpg

0.396657

7c5c727aa829435aaddb13aca5a3a006

Fisetin administration on VaD induced histological damage and lipid peroxidation. Histological assessment in CA1 and CA3 regions, respectively, (E,H): (A,B) sham + vehicle group, (C,D), sham + Fisetin, (E,F) VaD + vehicle group, (G,H) VaD + Fisetin group, (I,J) histological scores. Figures are from at least three divided experiments. (K) MDA levels. Values are means ± SEM of 6 animals for each group. *** p < 0.001 vs. sham + vehicle, °°° p < 0.001 vs. sham + Fisetin 40 mg/kg. # p < 0.05 vs. VaD, ### p < 0.001 vs. VaD. Scale bar: 75 μm. Magnification (40×).

PMC9221103

biomedicines-10-01448-g003.jpg

0.429688

119fa6a4862945e08e43faac39c4f53c

Fisetin administration on astrocyte and microglial activation. Immunohistochemistry for GFAP and IBA-1 in CA1 and CA3 regions, respectively, (A–D) sham group, (E–H) VaD + vehicle group, (I–L) VaD + Fisetin group. The results are expressed as % of positive pixels (M–P). Figures are representative of at least three independent experiments. Values are means ± SEM of 6 animals for each group. *** p < 0.001 vs. sham, ### p < 0.001 vs. VaD, ## p < 0.01 vs. VaD. Scale bar: 75 μm. Magnification (40×).

PMC9221103

biomedicines-10-01448-g004.jpg

0.403139

83d95e661c7f402bacac9cab810e708d

Fisetin administration on BDNF factor expression after VaD induction. Immunofluorescence for BDNF (green) in CA1 and CA3 regions in sham animals (A,B), in VaD animals (C,D), and treated with Fisetin (E,F). Figures are from at least three divided experiments.

PMC9221103

biomedicines-10-01448-g005.jpg

0.376941

8f7183b3423f4358bbf85c78084a83d8

Fisetin administration on VaD induced apoptosis. TUNEL staining to see positive apoptotic cells (yellow arrows) was performed. Sham (A,B), VaD + vehicle (C,D), VaD + Fisetin (E,F). The number of apoptotic cells in CA1 and CA3 subfields of hippocampus (G,H). Figures are from at least three divided experiments. Western blots for Bax and Bcl-2 (I,I1,J,J1). Exposed is a blot of lysates (6 animals/group) with a densitometric analysis for all animals. The results = means ± SEM of 6 animals for each group. *** p < 0.001 vs. sham; ### p < 0.001 vs. VaD; # p < 0.05 vs. VaD. Scale bar: 75 μm. Magnification (40×).

PMC9221103

biomedicines-10-01448-g006.jpg

0.402822

c1abb1c3280746a080b46fe47b29eb4a

Fisetin administration on NF-κB and inflammasome activation after VaD induction. Western blots on hippocampus for (A) NLRP3, (B) ASC, (C) caspase 1, (D) NF-κB p65. Exposed is a blot of lysates (6 animals/group) with a densitometric analysis for all animals. The results in (A1,B1,C1,D1) are means ± SEM of 6 animals for each group. *** p < 0.001 vs. sham; ## p < 0.01 vs. VaD, ### p < 0.001 vs. VaD.

PMC9221103

biomedicines-10-01448-g007.jpg

0.419386

861135ffcc9a4e41888397156b89c570

Evaluation of serum and hippocampus cytokine levels. Serum and hippocampus levels of IL-1β (A,B); serum and hippocampus levels of IL-18 (C,D). Values are means ± SEM of 6 animals for each group. *** p < 0.001 vs. sham; ## p < 0.01 vs. VaD, ### p < 0.001 vs. VaD, # p < 0.05 vs. VaD.

PMC9221103

biomedicines-10-01448-g008.jpg

0.361159

b106a3dab8bd4dd08751aeb25d42a095

Fisetin administration on NRF2 pathway after VaD induction. Immunofluorescence for NRF-2 (red) in CA1 and CA3 regions, respectively, in sham animals (A,B), VaD animals (C,D), and VaD-subjected animals treated with fisetin (E,F). Representative Western blots on hippocampus tissues showed the effects of Fisetin on: (G) NRF-2, (H) HO-1 after VaD induction. Shown is a representative blot of lysates from 6 animals/group, together with a densitometric analysis for all animals. The results in (G1,H1) are expressed as means ± SEM of 6 animals for each group. * p < 0.05 vs. sham; ### p < 0.001 vs. VaD.

PMC9221103

biomedicines-10-01448-g009.jpg

0.40873

af8408ccfbbe4b97b9c37f88ecb5077d

The effect of fisetin on the key molecules and respective signaling pathways.

PMC9221103

biomedicines-10-01448-g010.jpg

0.441725

14de5ede808b420bafd591a9c6fc608c

A fragment of the alpha torus of the proteasome. The visible part of the ligand is located between α5 and α1 subunits (corresponding to the α5 and α6, respectively, in yeast 20S) (a) APBS-generated electrostatic surface; (b) hydrophobic surface (amino acid hydrophobicity is presented in the Kyte-Doolittle scale [26]).

PMC9221443

biomolecules-12-00777-g001.jpg

0.468419

536be136c85b4b30b1500f1ecac429f6

The capacity of M-1–M-12 analogs for stimulating (a) ChT-L, (b) T-L, (c) C-L peptidases of human 20S proteasome. Most of the compounds (except M-12) increased ChT-L and T-L activity of the 20S in a dose-dependent manner. All activity assays were performed in three independent replicates. Results are expressed as a percentage of activity of the 20S alone and are presented as the mean ± SEM. Ordinary one-way ANOVA analysis was used to determine statistical significance (* p < 0.05).

PMC9221443

biomolecules-12-00777-g002.jpg

0.420905

f3bcf0a66da64c8cbc04621f7734fc61

Left panels: MST time traces for the titration of 20S proteasome (from 0.06 to 1965 nM) against (a) enolase, (c) oxidized enolase, (e) α-synuclein, (g) oxidized α-synuclein. Representative data of three measurements is shown. Right panels: The normalized fluorescence was plotted against increasing 20S concentration to determine its binding affinity to enolase (b), oxidized enolase (d), α-synuclein (f), oxidized α-synuclein (h). MST curves were fitted using Hill equation, and EC50 values were calculated for α-synuclein (32.3 ± 1.3 nM), its oxidized form (67.6 ± 8.9 nM), and oxidized enolase (87.8 ± 12.9 nM) based on results derived from three independent experiments. Native enolase did not bind to 20S proteasome.

PMC9221443

biomolecules-12-00777-g003a.jpg

0.419624

950a92c5b94346a380a88897196f365c

The influence of M-1–M-11 analogs on degradation of protein substrates, (a) enolase, (b) oxidized enolase, (c) α-synuclein, (d) oxidized α-synuclein, by the human 20S proteasome. Relative quantities of undigested proteins were determined based on electrophoretic separation of the protein samples after their incubation with the modulators and 20S proteasome or the proteasome alone (control). Representative SDS-PAGE electrophoregrams with Coomassie-stained bands are presented below the charts. At 10 µM, M-5 and M-7 stimulated the degradation of oxidized enolase, whereas none of the tested compounds accelerated the digestion of its native form. Native α-synuclein was almost completely degraded in the presence of M-1 and M-10 at 10 µM concentration. M-7 (10 µM) influenced the most the degradation of oxidized synuclein. The results marked with an asterisk are statistically significant (p < 0.05).

PMC9221443

biomolecules-12-00777-g004.jpg

0.453756

0f023ee50af446e39319be8c49810f53

ChT-L peptidase of proteasome was activated up to 3-fold with 50 µM M-5 and M-7 in cell extracts prepared from HEK293T cells. M-12 failed to stimulate the ChT-L peptidase in cell lysates, exactly as with the purified 20S proteasome. The selective proteasome inhibitor, 1 µM bortezomib, used as a negative control, completely blocked the cell capacity of degrading Suc-LLVY-AMC substrate. The results are presented as the mean of three independent replicates ± SEM. Ordinary one-way ANOVA analysis was used to determine statistical significance (* p < 0.05).

PMC9221443

biomolecules-12-00777-g005.jpg

0.552046

b3468aab09024d66b9c8a2d1d5320304

Participant flow diagram.

PMC9221974

curroncol-29-00343-g001.jpg

0.42058

2ffc4a086d69478981df7c07ee4e8134

Different forms of Q-factor waveforms.The Q-factor in the figure is the natural wave. The left part is the Q-factor time-domain diagram, and the right part is the Q-factor frequency domain diagram.

PMC9222312

entropy-24-00812-g001.jpg

0.48227

065f04124f6a45558abf7a675e0a5ff0

Two-channel filter banks.

PMC9222312

entropy-24-00812-g002.jpg

0.52449

40db850434e1462dac85bb332acb290d

Tunable Q-factor wavelet transform.

PMC9222312

entropy-24-00812-g003.jpg

0.474645

5ef66555e43a4242ad44269c0b3c08d1

F-wave extraction based on the optimized resonance-based signal decomposition.

PMC9222312

entropy-24-00812-g004.jpg

0.47915

68c7de360ba34d80bb915105f2396f1f

F-wave extraction by the presented method on simulated F-wave for different leads. The graphs in the left half of the chart are time-domain signals, and the six lines in each graph are, from top to bottom, represent the raw ECG signal, simulated F-wave signal, synthetic atrial fibrillation signal, F-wave extracted by the present method, F-wave signal extracted by ABS, and F-wave signal extracted by PAC. The figure in the right half is the power spectrum estimated by the Welch method. In the figure, method1 method2, and method3 are the present method, ABS, and PAC, respectively.

PMC9222312

entropy-24-00812-g005.jpg

0.435647

29d2d916f8bd495ea93cfb15260fba36

F-wave extraction with other situation.The graphs in the left half of the chart are time-domain signals, and the six lines in each graph are, from top to bottom, represent the raw ECG signal, simulated F-wave signal, synthetic atrial fibrillation signal, F-wave extracted by the present method, F-wave signal extracted by ABS, and F-wave signal extracted by PAC. The figure in the right half is the power spectrum estimated by the Welch method. In the figure, method1 method2, and method3 are the present method, ABS, and PAC, respectively.

PMC9222312

entropy-24-00812-g006.jpg

0.501305

cdfdf417ca5042058be7ee6264acdf4a

Comparison of the presented method, ABS, and PCA.

PMC9222312

entropy-24-00812-g007.jpg

0.454106

8863ccf6d6444869acac9425479b2070

XPS of AO-CELL and its Th(IV) complexes.

PMC9223290

gels-08-00378-g001.jpg

0.487007

811cdee2f9364597a2ef6387b5398036

SEM of cellulose its derivatives. (a) Cellulose; (b) AO-CELL; (c) AO-CELL adsorbed Th(IV); (d) AO-CELL desorbed Th(IV); (e) EDS mapping of Th(IV) complexes.

PMC9223290

gels-08-00378-g002.jpg

0.488861

73c718c48a8b4f2bae0f777614b06e7b

FT-IR spectra of cellulose and its derivatives.

PMC9223290

gels-08-00378-g003.jpg

0.473132

e2753b87f7e3423fa41db5f94fccb0e6

Effect of contact time (solid/liquid ratio = 0.032 g/L; C0[Th(IV)] = 19.00 ± 0.10 mg/L; pH = 3.00 ± 0.05; T = 298.15 ± 1.00 K).

PMC9223290

gels-08-00378-g004.jpg

0.452569

a6ca3157ca754a4388cd1c90729103e6

Effect of ionic strength (anion/cation with different valence states). (Experiment conditions: solid/liquid ratio = 0.038 g/L; Celectrolyte = 0~0.48 mol/L; C0[Th(IV)] = 19.00 ± 0.10 mg/L; pH = 3.00 ± 0.05; T = 298.15 ± 1.00 K; t = 0.5 h).

PMC9223290

gels-08-00378-g005.jpg

0.449566

a0918d01eded4ce3b31301203c2ab80f

Effect of adsorbent dose on Th(IV) adsorption by CO-CELL. (Experiment conditions: C0[Th(IV)] = 19.00 ± 0.10 mg/L; pH = 3.00 ± 0.05; T = 298.15 ± 1.00 K; t = 0.5 h).

PMC9223290

gels-08-00378-g006.jpg

0.44497

1a571f10b68c4b87a9ab4b5b07eeab74

Effect of pH value. (Experiment conditions: C0[Th(IV)] = 19.00 ± 0.10 mg/L; solid/liquid ratio = 0.032 g/L; T = 298.15 ± 1.00 K; t = 0.5 h).

PMC9223290

gels-08-00378-g007.jpg

0.561386

0748e15b10944230aaf03a67dd6f9618

Selective adsorption of Th(IV) by AO-CELL. (Experiment conditions: solid/liquid ratio = 0.075 g/L; C0[Th(IV)] = 19.00 ± 0.10 mg/L; C0[M2+] = 8.0 × 10−5 mol/L; pH = 3.00 ± 0.05; T = 298.15 ± 1.00 K; t = 0.5 h).

PMC9223290

gels-08-00378-g008.jpg

0.432492

e132dc79289240128dc3b76dc35c575a

Effect of the initial concentration of Th(IV) and the temperature of the solution to the adsorption process. (Experiment conditions: temperature = 25.00 °C (9a)/45.00 °C (9b)/65.00 °C (9c); C0[Th(IV)] = 3.80~30.40 mg/L; solid/liquid ratio = 0.032 g/L; pH = 3.00 ± 0.05; t = 0.5 h).

PMC9223290

gels-08-00378-g009.jpg

0.427428

18c73af2511942508eb0de8214902183

Desorption capacity and reuse capacity (a: Desorption capacity of AO-CELL under different acidic conditions; b: the adsorption regeneration experiment of AO-CELL. Reuse experiment conditions: solid/liquid ratio = 0.08 g/L; C0[Th(IV)] = 19.00 ± 0.10 mg/L; [H+] = 0.06 mol/L; T = 298.15 ± 1.00 K; t = 0.5 h).

PMC9223290

gels-08-00378-g010.jpg

0.420999

5f37d7f152ae461eaabf2d0c4fb6cd44

Synthetic reaction equation for AO-CELL and its Th(IV) complexes.

PMC9223290

gels-08-00378-sch001.jpg

0.453751

f291826f22254bd48af1a0fc9292db6e

PRISMA flow diagram of the study selection process.

PMC9223594

ijerph-19-07446-g001.jpg

0.447034

689b65f373a54ec395ac28211d4ff8f6

Risk of bias assessment for non-comparative studies.

PMC9223594

ijerph-19-07446-g002.jpg

0.520069

529ac247361a4f2dbfbf36ee95a5dabf

Risk of bias assessment for comparative studies.

PMC9223594

ijerph-19-07446-g003.jpg

0.425599

950782e8da3b4f698b2af66ce59f3ff0

The total content and proportion of lipid components on P. asperata SEs. (A): The total lipid content of SEs before and after PDT. * Indicates a 5% significant difference. (B): The proportion of lipid components of SEs before PDT. (C): The proportion of lipid components of SEs after PDT for 14 days.

PMC9223630

ijms-23-06494-g001.jpg

0.402335

94cc3be9d8b5464699babc73c0e6cb1d

Changes in the levels of glycerolipid and glycerophospholipid molecular species in SEs subjected to PDT. * Indicates a 5% significant difference. ** Indicates a 1% significant difference. Values are mean ± SD (n = 6).

PMC9223630

ijms-23-06494-g002.jpg

0.409299

ac04b5f58823469a896d315f7f0e0234

PCA and OPLS-DA of P. asperata SEs. (A): Score plots of the PCA. (B): Loading plots of the PCA. (C): Score plots of OPLS-DA. (D): VIP values of lipid molecular species.

PMC9223630

ijms-23-06494-g003.jpg

0.372531

490832a566c64b03bf9f2a6104bc2dbe

KEGG pathways involved in lipid metabolism enrichment of DEGs in CD0 vs. CD14 and RD0 vs. RD14. The values in parentheses are p values. The enrichment results of the former were significant at the 5% level.

PMC9223630

ijms-23-06494-g004.jpg

0.395632

7e69f39d98124c5dbbd0de8358b11176

DEGs involved in glycerolipid metabolism pathways of desiccation-mediated SEs.

PMC9223630

ijms-23-06494-g005.jpg

0.442775

080212fd112a450aa5a302bb9e8923e3

DEGs involved in glycerophospholipid metabolism pathways of desiccation-mediated SEs.

PMC9223630

ijms-23-06494-g006.jpg

0.412085

75a231ea0dee460191dadd49dadcb570

The DEGs involved in the plant hormone signal transduction pathway.

PMC9223630

ijms-23-06494-g007.jpg

0.500051

414a2155b86149a78984c5050f9a1d14

PLD activity of P. asperata SEs during desiccation. Different letters indicate 5% significant differences. Values are mean ± SD (n = 5).

PMC9223630

ijms-23-06494-g008.jpg

0.455651

3acc16bcf38d4455ba9a66ed0465613c

SEs of P. asperata after different PDT times. (A): without PDT, (B): desiccated for 1 day, (C): desiccated for 7 days, (D): desiccated for 14 days.

PMC9223630

ijms-23-06494-g009.jpg

0.423072

55f5c2bd5ba446c5b3da36f74f336c0d

Slice diagram of chestnut flower bud in pre- and post-winter. Black bar represents 300 µm. (a) Vegetative branch. The buds are arranged on the left and right sides to express the size and coverage of buds and bud scales in different parts; (b) Fruiting branch. The left and right pairs of small buds at the bottom are auxiliary buds, 1–4 are branch small buds, 5–16 are incomplete mixed flower buds, 15–16 are mixed flower buds, and 18–19 are large buds above the male inflorescence; (c) Two different mixed flower buds of Chestnut. A1 is the CMF post-winter. A2 is the CMF in pre-winter, and A3 is the CMF in flowering. B1 is IMF in post-winter. B2 is the IMF in pre-winter, and B3 is the IMF in flowering.

PMC9224291

ijms-23-06452-g001.jpg

0.459733

da205f8234ec450f97f23867bf2adb38

KEGG pathway analysis of mixed flower bud in pre- and post-winter chestnut. According to the results of DEGs, the KEGG pathway is enriched and the bubble diagram is drawn. The abscissa in the figure is the ratio of the number of differential genes annotated to the KEGG pathway to the total number of differential genes, the ordinate is the KEGG pathway, the size of the point represents the number of genes annotated to the KEGG pathway, and the color from red to purple represents the significance of enrichment. (a) Two kinds of chestnut mixed flower buds in pre-winter; (b) two mixed flower buds of chestnut in post-winter; (c) the CMF in pre- and post-winter; (d) the IMF in pre- and post-winter.

PMC9224291

ijms-23-06452-g002.jpg

0.405123

cb0de14b02074014af58a969a55563ea

Volcanic map of mixed flower buds of chestnut in pre- and post-winter. The abscissa represents the change of gene expression multiple, and the ordinate represents the significance level of differential genes. Red is up-regulated, green is down-regulated, and black is non differentially expressed. (a) Mixed flower buds of two kinds of chestnut in pre-winter; (b) two mixed flower buds of chestnut in post-winter; (c) the CMF in pre-winter and post-winter; (d) the IMF in pre-winter and post-winter.

PMC9224291

ijms-23-06452-g003.jpg

0.438868

6801c9e83d254dfc977b2bd4b085855b

Comparative analysis of qRT-PCR and RNA-seq of candidate genes related to flower bud differentiation in chestnut. Actin was used as the control. The error bars represent the SD of three biological replicates. The numbers above the graphics correspond to values obtained with the correlation analysis of the gene expression ratios obtained from the RNA-seq data (column) and the qRT-PCR data (fold line). A1. The CMF in post-winter. B1. The IMF in post-winter. A2. The CMF in pre-winter. B2. The IMF in pre-winter.

PMC9224291

ijms-23-06452-g004.jpg

0.514253

c0cfd57c2f114f0f8085280f64a55e0b

Venn diagram of different metabolites in the mix flower buds of each group. (a) Two mixed flower buds in pre-winter; (b) Two mixed flower buds in post-winter; (c) The CMF in pre- and post-winter; (d) The IMF in pre- and post-winter.

PMC9224291

ijms-23-06452-g005.jpg

0.4169

0f2687b843214360bf4ce96a88545fd4

Enrichment map of differential metabolites and differential genes in mix flower buds of chestnut. (a) The CMF in pre- and post-winter; (b) The IMF in pre- and post-winter.

PMC9224291

ijms-23-06452-g006.jpg

0.50185

293e8d64e1534c7db9e45ca3f8622d17

Correlation between different metabolites and genes in flower bud in pre- and post-winter. With the black dotted line as the boundary, it is divided into 1–9 quadrants from left to right and from top to bottom, Quadrants 3 and 7 represent positive correlation between genes and metabolites. The change of metabolites may be positively regulated by genes, and the differential expression pattern of genes and metabolites is consistent. Blue represents differential metabolites and expressed genes, green represents non differential metabolites, and red represents non differential expressed genes. (a) The CMF in pre- and post-winter; (b) the IMF in pre- and post-winter.

PMC9224291

ijms-23-06452-g007.jpg

0.482679

de17146145664ac7bb74b41d53057630

Difference of phytohormones content between the CMF and IMF of C. mollissima. A1. The CMF in post-winter; B1: The IMF in post-winter; A2: The CMF in pre-winter; B2: The IMF in pre-winter. (a) Changes of auxin content in different flower buds; (b) Change of abscisic acid content; (c) Change of salicylic acid content; (d) Change of cytokinin content; (e) Changes of methyl jasmonate content; (f) Change of gibberellin content.

PMC9224291

ijms-23-06452-g008.jpg

0.414792

48b5a954d3c047fda3d2f31e457fb832

Changes of phytohormones content and expression of related genes in two different mixed flower buds of C. mollissima. A1. The CMF in post-winter; B1: The IMF in post-winter; A2: The CMF in pre-winter; B2: The IMF in pre-winter. (a) Analysis on the expression of flower bud differentiation related genes in complete mixed flower buds and incomplete mixed flower buds of chestnut at different stages; (b) The GAs content of two mixed flower buds in pre- and post-winter; (c) Difference analysis of MeJA content in different flower buds at different stages; (d) Regulating network between the selected genes and phytohormones compounds in chestnut flowering bud. The positive correlation threshold is set to be greater than or equal to 0.5, the negative correlation threshold is set to be less than or equal to −0.5, and the p-value threshold is less than 0.5, R version 3.6.1, igraph1.2.6.

PMC9224291

ijms-23-06452-g009.jpg

0.427784

ca4ea70826dd4f07b2228bbb78fcacad

In vitro validation of interaction between CmMYC2 and CmJAZ1 in regulating FT and LFY gene expression. (a) Construct details for dual-luciferase assays; (b) Nucleotide logo of the predicted MYC2-1 binding site in FT genes; (c) Nucleotide logo of the predicted MYC2-1 binding site at the regulating area of LFY; (d) The in vivo associations of TFs (CmMYC2 and CmJAZ1) and promoters were obtained from dual-luciferase assays in tobacco leaves. The REN and LUC activities of different combinations of effector (35S::CmMYC2 and 35S::CmJAZ1) and reporter (PCmFT527, PCmFT933, PCmLeafy2-465, PCmLeafy2-674, PCmLeafy3-473 and PCmLeafy3-878) constructs were measured; (e) Construct details for Y2H assays. CmJAZ1-3 was cloned into bait plasmid pGBKT7 vectors, while CmMYC2-2 was inserted into a pGADT7 vector as a prey; (f) A yeast two-hybrid assay showing protein interactions. BD is the GAL4 DNA binding domain; AD is the GAL4 activation domain; -TL, SD/-Trp/-Leu; -TLHA, SD/-Trp/-Leu/-Ade/-His; -TLHA + X-α-gal, SD/-Trp/-Leu/-Ade/-His/X-α-gal; Em, empty vector; pGBKT7-53 and pGADT7-T served as positive controls, and pGBKT7-Lam and pGADT7-T served as negative controls.

PMC9224291

ijms-23-06452-g010a.jpg

0.455452

21a6329b8caa4f1abb46917db5ac41c8

Phytohormone regulated expression model of floral development related genes in two different flower buds of chestnut in pre-winter and post-winter. (a) In pre-winter, the higher GA content promoted the increase in GID1 and GID2 expression levels, and inhibited the expression of DELLAs gene, further decrease the transcription level of MYC3 and FLC, which was conducive to breaking dormancy and promoting the development of male inflorescence in the two different flower buds; (b) In post-winter, the decrease in GAs content led to the decrease in GID1 and GID2 expression levels and the increase in DELLAs expression levels in IMF, which decrease the expression of FT/LFY/SOC1 and other genes, and thus inhibited the differentiation of female flower buds; (c) The content of JA-ILE increases significantly and the GAs decreases in CMF in post-winter, which lead to the transcription level of JAZ1 decreases and the expression level of DELLAs increases. The higher DELLAs protein binds to JAZ1 in CMF in post-winter. This competitive binding enables the JAZ1-MYC2 complex to release MYC2, and the higher transcriptional level of MYC2 initiates the expression of genes related to female flower development, such as TF1, LFY1, and FT.

PMC9224291

ijms-23-06452-g011.jpg

0.452792

1cbae6c91029460c953ba2e041c613bf

FAW occurrences on maize and alternative host plants during (a,c) growing seasons and (b,d,e) off-seasons for the years 2018, 2019 and 2020, and (f) overall FAW georeferenced records on study sites in southern and central Benin.

PMC9224405

insects-13-00491-g001.jpg

0.521179

a3eebab7587749288e4a492a4d945fa5

FAW host plant (a) cultivated crop and (b) wild species records over all study sites. The rate of host plant records for each study site is obtained by dividing the number of plants infested with FAW by the number of sites surveyed.

PMC9224405

insects-13-00491-g002.jpg

0.466699

0f809d00c3774d20a1ace3ca7ac5ffa4

Occurrence of parasitoid species recorded in maize growing and off-seasons in southern and central Benin. The percentage of parasitoid frequency was calculated by dividing the number of the parasitoid species records by the total records of all parasitoid species.

PMC9224405

insects-13-00491-g003.jpg

0.445208

08b94038e6eb4c33b56e19781bea830a

Charops sp. georeferenced records on maize, wild and other cultivated host plants for the years 2018, 2019 and 2020 on the study sites for growing (a,c) and off-seasons (b,d,e) in southern and central Benin (f).

PMC9224405

insects-13-00491-g004.jpg

0.447462

fc34dc3d8649456c87c98ded61e8420b

Chelonus bifoveolatus georeferenced records on maize, wild and other cultivated host plants for the years 2018, 2019 and 2020 on the study sites for growing (a,b) and off-seasons (c,d) in southern and central Benin (e). No C. bifoveolatus were found in the 2018 off-season.

PMC9224405

insects-13-00491-g005.jpg

0.430558

54c2823a17f74381a51b76bb3d7b3b45

Coccygidium luteum georeferenced records on maize, wild and other cultivated host plants for the years 2018 and 2020 on the study sites for growing (a) and off-seasons (b,c) in southern and central Benin (d). No C. luteum were found in 2019.

PMC9224405

insects-13-00491-g006.jpg

0.430289

a58fa8fbd8394d509f498a713fdcf055

Cotesia icipe georeferenced records on maize, wild and other cultivated host plants for the years 2018, 2019 and 2020 on the study sites for growing (a,c) and off-seasons (b,d,e) in southern and central Benin (f).

PMC9224405

insects-13-00491-g007.jpg

0.443399

bef666a40b8d47febcdc6d02bd41247f

Pristomerus pallidus georeferenced records on maize, wild and other cultivated host plants for the years 2018, 2019 and 2020 on the study sites for growing (a,c) and off-seasons (b,d) in southern and central Benin (e). No P. pallidus were found in the 2019 off-season.

PMC9224405

insects-13-00491-g008.jpg

0.456035

c2f45122c1094e34aaed4d86ed2ccb33

Telenomus remus georeferenced records on maize, wild and other cultivated host plants for the years 2018 and 2019 on the study sites for growing (a,c) and off-seasons (b) in southern and central Benin (d). No T. remus were found in the 2019 or 2020 off-season.

PMC9224405

insects-13-00491-g009.jpg

0.475273

c6638e3d2a4e44568399fbc455072cda

Flow chart of the intervention protocol.

PMC9224508

ijerph-19-07367-g001.jpg

0.487621

36dc9792117f42b5a0998377731ae285

Heart rate response during first HICT session (S1) and last HICT session (S36) (A). Self-reported time spent with vigorous physical activity for HICT group (B). Student’s t-test, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01.

PMC9224508

ijerph-19-07367-g002.jpg

0.449382

229aab6e79f649cf9ea552a9b2a96114

Individual responses of all participants for selected HRV parameters. Black bars belong to the HICT, while gray bars belong to CON. The upper and lower thresholds are depicted by continuous lines on the Y-axis of each figure. Individuals located between those lines are considered non-responders on that specific HRV parameter. (A) shows that three individuals in the HICT group and one individual in the control group responded to the intervention. (B) shows that only one individual in the HICT group responded to the intervention. (C) shows that two individuals in the HICT group and two individuals in the control group responded to the intervention. (D) shows that five individuals in the HICT group and one individual in the control group responded to the intervention.

PMC9224508

ijerph-19-07367-g003.jpg

0.523138

4dd8a804f5d141be99e08b1c29263e49

Representative avatars as provided by the software of the Fit3D ProScanner device (hardware version 5.0.6; software version 5.5.0—Fit3D Inc., San Mateo, CA, USA). (Left panel) a healthy male subject with standard circumference measurements (continuous black lines) provided by the software. NECK: circumference at mid-point of the neck (over the larynx). CHEST (in males): circumference at inner point of shoulder blades (BUST circumference in females is taken at the forwardmost protruding point above the waist). WAIST: circumference at the small of the back between the lower rib and top of the iliac crest. HIPS: circumference at the rearmost protruding point below the waist. BICEPS: max circumference of the arm between shoulder and elbow. FOREARM: max circumference of the arm between elbow and wrist. THIGH: max circumference of the leg between crotch and knee. CALF: max circumference of the leg between knee and ankle. (Middle panel) a male subject with obesity (body mass index: 34.2 kg/m2) presenting increased waist circumference (123 cm). (Right panel) male patient with congenital inter-limb circumference asymmetries exacerbated following long-term unilateral immobilization of the upper and lower left limbs: right–left biceps: 39.3–33.7 cm; right–left forearm: 31.7–28.3 cm; right–left thigh: 63.1–57.8 cm; right–left calf: 40.9–36.3 cm.

PMC9224732

jpm-12-00906-g001.jpg

0.421583

92714650bdce4e5cb2cd4b2a63e73858

Biannual (triennial only for years 2017–2019) averages of the waist circumference values for young and adult (16–90 years old) men (black squares) and women (grey circles) of the Health Survey for England (HSE) population (between 1993 and 2019—missing data for 1995 and 1996). Data are fit with linear regression lines.

PMC9224732

jpm-12-00906-g002.jpg

0.489839

7c9fa8c070884af29c5fb713b350fe6f

Representative humanoid avatars of average European men (top row) and women (bottom row) at three time points between 1993 and 2019 as defined by mean population height, weight, and waist circumference. Mean anthropometric data were obtained from the following two cohorts: (i) the Italian cohort of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC-Italy); (ii) Health Survey for England (HSE). Time points: (A) Average data from EPIC-Italy 1993–1998 (n = 13,886 men and 31,998 women) and HSE 1993–1994 (n = 12,971 men and 14,677 women) for height, weight, and waist circumference in men (1.73 m, 78.8 kg, 93.5 cm) and women (1.60 m, 65.6 kg, 81.2 cm). (B) Average data from EPIC-Italy 2005–2013 (n = 7834 men and 16,892 women) and HSE 2005–2007 (n = 10,041 men and 12,093 women) for height, weight, and waist circumference in men (1.73 m, 81.2 kg, 98.2 cm) and women (1.60 m, 67.8 kg, 86.9 cm). (C) Average data from HSE 2017–2019 (n = 6348 men and 8035 women) for height, weight, and waist circumference in men (1.75 m, 86.5 kg, 99.5 cm) and women (1.62 m, 72.8 kg, 90.0 cm).

PMC9224732

jpm-12-00906-g003.jpg

0.510082

8c1c5bfe22ac46c68c6184e195d75498

Rapid preoperative design and production. Preoperative imaging received from peripheral hospital demonstrated, via sagittal (A) and axial (B) bone windows, a C7 burst fracture with retropulsion of fragment (red arrows in A,B,D) into the spinal canal with stenosis (A–D). Production of a 3D-printed biomodel (C) and anterior approach patient-specific implant design (E) for use with integral fixation screws (F, blue arrows). The biomodel (C), combined with the 3D-printed implants (see Figure 2) aided determination of the width of vertebral body resected (blue dashed lines); yellow shows nerve root paths, red shows location of vertebral arteries.

PMC9224763

jpm-12-00997-g001.jpg

0.442914

bfbc1aa01bb7438aad726283adb40570

Implantation and postoperative imaging. (A) dynamic biomodel allowed for trialling of different sized implants and aided in determining the extents of C7 vertebral body resection. Surgical decompression prior to implant placement. (B) Immediate press fit of the implant was achieved with integral screw fixation used to maximise initial stability of the construct (C). Virtual surgery planning (VSP) simulated X-rays (D) were compared to intra-operative X-rays (E) to check depth of implantation and screw trajectories. (F) C7 (grey) with pathological (red) C4-6 vertebral relative positioning compared to immediate postoperative positioning (green) of the same vertebrae. Note that the procedure restored height (green [post-op] is higher than red [pre-op]). (G) Green, as in F, is the immediate postoperative vertebrae positioning compared to blue, which is 10 weeks post-op. (H) Ten-week post-op (blue) vertebral positioning compared to pre-op pathological (red) positioning. Ten-week post-op sagittal (I) and coronal (J) CT slices demonstrate: excellent cord decompression, new (fusion) bone growth through the graft window of the device, the stability of the construct (osseointegration with the device), excellent implant positioning.

PMC9224763

jpm-12-00997-g002.jpg

0.438338

dc710551bb4b44d6b0c720ab8b023677

Chronology of rapid implementation of personalised spinal trauma surgery. Patient and device manufacture timelines. The patient was injured in a rural location shortly after midday on Saturday and was transported to a local hospital for medical imaging. Primary diagnosis led to contact with a tertiary hospital with a spinal unit and transfer of the computer tomography imaging, which was used for virtual surgical planning, biomodel and patient-specific implant (PSI) design. After a weather delay, the patient was airlifted to the tertiary hospital. Meanwhile, the biomodel and PSI were being manufactured at a ‘near-the-point-of-care’ facility. After manufacture, post-processing and quality checks, the implants were delivered and sterilised by the hospital’s Central Sterile Supply Department. Surgery was scheduled as first on Monday’s list.

PMC9224763

jpm-12-00997-g003.jpg

0.472758

5e977422ce664f10bcbd6873a99391a5

Comparative analysis between the National Early Warning Score (NEWS) and the Quick-Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) in non-diabetic (DM–) and type-2 diabetic (DM+) patients. Total amount of leukocytes (A and B) and neutrophils (C and D) and plasma levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) (E and F) and D-dimer (G and H). Data are reported as means±SE. P<0.05, ANOVA and t-test (P value with an asterisk).

PMC9224823

1414-431X-bjmbr-55-e11819-gf001.jpg

0.522862

a226f91712a94cc9977af9762b3324ed

Risk scores and plasma biochemical parameters in non-diabetic (DM–) and type-2 diabetic (DM+) patients with COVID-19 classified as non-severe and severe according to the National Early Warning Score (NEWS). NEWS (A), Quick-Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) (B), C-reactive protein (CRP) (C), D-dimer (D), plasma glucose (E), lactate (F), age (G), and urea (H) in type 2 diabetic and non-diabetic patients. Data are reported as means±SE. P<0.05, ANOVA and t-test (P value with an asterisk).

PMC9224823

1414-431X-bjmbr-55-e11819-gf002.jpg

0.496907

50970d3e87024e8185ed8e02a3298088

Plasma cellular parameters in non-diabetic (DM–) and type-2 diabetic (DM+) patients with COVID-19 classified as non-severe and severe according to the National Early Warning Score (NEWS). Total leukocytes (A), neutrophils (B), lymphocytes (C), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (D), d-lymphocytes (E), d-neutrophils (F), d-NLR (G), and basophils (H). Data are reported as means±SE. P<0.05, ANOVA and t-test (P value with an asterisk).

PMC9224823

1414-431X-bjmbr-55-e11819-gf003.jpg

0.429682

44318c541567449dbca723358b7b1936

Correlation analysis between the National Early Warning Score (NEWS) and plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) (A), D-dimer (B), glucose (C), lactate (D), and urea (E) levels, and age (F) in type 2 diabetic (DM+) and non-diabetic (DM) COVID-19 patients.

PMC9224823

1414-431X-bjmbr-55-e11819-gf004.jpg

0.525698

2ca9b7de3df44e2aaea2fa996e965b13

Number of days in the ICU (A), with mechanical ventilation (B), receiving vasopressor drugs (C), and on dialysis (D) of type-2 diabetic (DM+) and non-diabetic (DM–) patients classified as non-severe and severe, according to their National Early Warning Score (NEWS). The GLAUND (E) index scores were calculated using plasma glucose levels, plasma lactate levels, age, plasma urea levels, NEWS score, and plasma D-dimer levels. ICU: intensive care unit. Data are reported as means±SE. P<0.05, ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post hoc test and t-test (P value with an asterisk).

PMC9224823

1414-431X-bjmbr-55-e11819-gf005.jpg

0.445592

f751bdf7b07343e3b61fba4f72f4ed3a

Worldwide distribution of scientific reports on neuropsychological profiles of CH-Tx patients. The red dots indicate reports of CH-Tx patients with a deficit in at least one neuropsychological domain. The green dots indicate reports of CH-Tx patients who did not present neuropsychological alterations.

PMC9224966

jcm-11-03427-g001.jpg

0.411158

eac460ed9f71485582ea0f9e5d1d0687

Main neuropsychological alterations reported in CH-Tx patients at different ages. This figure summarizes the main alterations reported in CH-Tx patients; however, these alterations depend on several factors (see Section 4). The dotted line indicates that it is not possible to evaluate the neuropsychological domain in neonates and infants. * Scores are frequently within normal limits, but values are at inferior limit. + Optimum L-T4 dose and early treatment are essential for better scores. # Alterations were found in 29–50% of children with CH. ** No impairment in verbal fluency.

PMC9224966

jcm-11-03427-g002.jpg

0.538869

e567f8a95dca4917bfe20ce1daf4f9a0

Factors related to the neuropsychological alterations found in patients with congenital hypothyroidism treated with levothyroxine (L-T4). The onset and severity of the neuropsychological alterations in patients with congenital hypothyroidism treated with L-T4 are related to extrinsic (dotted yellow line) and intrinsic (dotted green line) factors. Extrinsic factors include those related to L-T4 treatment (I) and social elements (II). Intrinsic factors correspond to severity and etiology of congenital hypothyroidism (III), and changes in the brain, such as structural and physiological alterations in specific brain regions (IV) and modifications in the thyroid physiology of the brain (V). This review proposes the hypothesis that modifications in the brain thyroid physiology lead to a state of mild thyroid hormone hyposensitivity that could also contribute to the onset of the neuropsychological sequelae (V).

PMC9224966

jcm-11-03427-g003.jpg

0.554136

f0961729df7d4d2ea760d39c4e7039b7

Hypothesis of thyroid hormone hyposensitivity as a factor linked to neuropsychological alterations in patients with congenital hypothyroidism (CH) treated with levothyroxine (L-T4). Reduced levels of thyroid hormones (THs) during perinatal period could lead to mild thyroid hormone hyposensitivity in the brain (A). Hyposensitivity may be caused by altered expression of molecules OATP1C, MCT8, DIO2, DIO3, and RXR and thyroid receptors (TRα1, TRβ1, TRβ2) (asterisks indicate molecules possibly affected). This leads to a deficit in L-T4 transport from the periphery to the brain, a reduced transport of L-T4 and T3 between neural cells, impaired conversion of L-T4 into T3 or T3 into T2, and an impaired THs mechanism of action in the brain (B). It is hypothesized that the hyposensitivity is mild but enough to reduce effectiveness of L-T4 treatment at cerebral level (C), which contributes to the incidence of neuropsychological alterations in CH patients under treatment (D). The mechanism of THs transport in this figure is based on that published by Alkemade et al. for human hypothalamus [118]. Abbreviations: BBB, Blood–brain barrier; OATP1CI, Organic anion-transporting polypeptide 1c1; MCT8, Monocarboxylate transporter 8; MCT10, Monocarboxylate transporter 10; DIO2, Type 2 deiodinase; DIO3, type 3 deiodinase; RXR, Retinoid X receptor; TR, thyroid receptors.

PMC9224966

jcm-11-03427-g004.jpg

0.482892

cf43c5a1b99540b5aebb4d76f2ba39f5

The annual incidence of surgical and percutaneous treated IC and CLTI stratified by sex.

PMC9225294

jcm-11-03303-g001.jpg

0.379369

ebaa567db54a454a8247dce1fc26d8ab

Histogram of age at first presentation of short-distance IC and CLTI as stratified by sex.

PMC9225294

jcm-11-03303-g002.jpg

0.502689

03c4ded873de4eb18cf5ac0824ddbd44

Median age of patients at first surgical and percutaneous treated PAD intervention (short-distance IC and CLTI combined), as separated by sex.

PMC9225294

jcm-11-03303-g003.jpg

0.415604

80029ab8a0da4b02b08b7cef41dcc80d

Kaplan–Meier survival curves for (a) sex stratification of patients with PAD (combined short-distance IC and CLTI cohorts), (b) age stratification of patients with PAD (combined short-distance IC and CLTI cohorts), (c) short-distance IC compared to CLTI cohort, (d) sex stratification of patients with short-distance IC, (e) age stratification of patients with short-distance IC, (f) sex stratification of patients with CLTI, and (g) age stratification of patients with CLTI.

PMC9225294

jcm-11-03303-g004a.jpg

0.449822

98c4e031801841fab56f97b455ffa1b7

The proposed approach consists of two autoencoders. The first autoencoder is provided by the concatenated vectors of the visual and semantic spaces. The second autoencoder is provided by the visual features vectors only. Both autoencoders have a dense layer, followed by a dropout and a second dense layer. This is followed by another layer, which generates the values z. Activation functions are ReLU, and the activation functions for the last layer for both the encoder and the decoder are linear.

PMC9225515

jimaging-08-00171-g001.jpg

0.413429

b1db6256f0e4459392b1bba89eb589df

Examples from Animals with Attributes (AWA) dataset.

PMC9225515

jimaging-08-00171-g002.jpg