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### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| primate \| monkey: Capuchin * All capuchins live in dense habitat. * Most capuchins have jaws - prehensile tails - rounder skulls * Most capuchins live in different habitats - many different habitats - retain genus * Some capuchins destroy plants - eat insects * Some capuchins have limbs - invade territory - occur in areas * Some capuchins rely on nuts - palm nuts * also eat a lot of insects and spiders. * are active throughout the day. * are also popular entertainers in zoos - where they adjust well to captivity - very territorial animals - among the small number of primates which have usable, opposable thumbs - arboreal, and when they travel together they move in a specific order - cloaks - darkly black or brown except for the face, throat and chest, that are white coloured * are diurnal , arboreal , intelligent, social, and territorial - and arboreal monkeys living in forested habitat - famous for their mischievous ways, intelligence and good memories - great climbers and spend most of their time in trees - intelligent, curious animals - long lived animals - more intelligent than other monkeys of the same size - omnivores, so they eat a variety of food - skilled tool users - small, graceful, and easily trained monkeys - smaller monkeys and live in the tropical forests in Central and South America - very social animals and one of the most intelligent monkeys kept in captivity * drink every day, usually from water collecting in tree hollows or bromeliads. * feed heavily on palm nuts and thus are frequently seen among the fronds in palm stands. * freely choose celibacy to pursue religious life and ministry. * have a complex diet - variety of chatters, squeaks, shrieks, and other sounds for communication - well defined opposable thumb - wide variety of chatters, squeaks and shrieks used for communication - very nimble fingers and they have a prehensile tail * includes brains - breasts - cell membranes - cells - chest cavities - chests - corpi - cytoplasm - ears - faces - nuclei - pedal extremities - piluses - plasma membranes - rib cages - sections - sterna - vacuoles - vertebrate feet - large social groups - the tropical jungles of South and Central America * selectively observe models best capable of conveying knowledge they lack. * show signs of alarm to predators such as ocelots, boa constrictors and even caimans. * stay within a small but regular range, and within that range they follow regular tracks. * use rocks of half their body weight to crack open palm fruits. + Capuchin monkey, Physical description: Monkeys :: Mammals of America Capuchin monkey * Most capuchin monkeys have behavior - capability - diets - reach sexual maturity * Some capuchin monkeys have habitat requirements - patches - specific habitat requirements * display characteristics. * eat food. * exhibit behavior. * has prehensile tail that is the same length as the body. - tails - vary diets * reach maturity * weigh around grams.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| primate \| monkey \| capuchin: Female capuchin * have linear dominance hierarchies. + White-headed capuchin, Behavior, Social structure: Monkeys :: Mammals of America * Female capuchins have linear dominance hierarchies. Males are typically dominant to females. The alpha male is always easy to discern, but there are sometimes ambiguous rankings among subordinate males. Males cooperate in coalitions against potential predators, and also in defense of the group against other males. Male emigration to a new troop typically occurs about every 4 years, so most males are in constant danger of having to defend themselves against other groups of males.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| primate \| monkey: Colobus * All colobus are native to Africa. * Most colobuses eat leaves - have heads - use tails * Some colobuses have molars. * Some colobuses live in patches - small patches * Some colobuses use bacterial fermentation - vary in coloration * are herbivorous, eating leaves, fruit, flowers, and twigs. - breasts - chest cavities - piluses - plasma membranes - rib cages - vertebrate feet Colobus monkey * Most colobus monkeys develop compartment stomachs * Most colobus monkeys eat flower fruit * Most colobus monkeys have babies - bellies - fingers - long fingers - live in trees - sit in tops * Some colobus monkeys eat leaves - have ranges * possess stomachs.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| primate \| monkey \| colobus: Guereza * Most guerezas live in territory - rely on mothers * Some guerezas have central african distribution - small thumbs * includes brains - cell membranes - cells - chests - corpi - cytoplasm - ears - faces - nuclei - pedal extremities - piluses - plasma membranes - rib cages - sections - skulls - sterna - vacuoles * inhabit areas. * stands bipedally on sloping medium-sized branch of fig and gathers fruit with free hand. Red colobus * Most red colobuses have heads. * Some red colobuses live in patches * are also very selective, and choose the tenderest, most nutritious parts of trees. * prefer young leaves that are generally high in protein and highly digestible.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| primate \| monkey: Different monkey * eat different things. + Rainforest, Plants and animals * Monkeys are a very common animal in the rainforest. Most live their lives up in the canopy and the understory. They have long arms to swing from branch to branch, and some use their tails to hold onto the trees while they eat. They are fast and agile, jumping easily from tree to tree for food. Different monkeys eat different things. They can eat nuts, flowers, roots, and frogs. Their hoots and howls are heard throughout the rainforest, even when they cannot be seen among the trees. Drill monkey * are known for being shy, but they have great smiles. * share a colorful feature with their cousin the mandrill. Female monkey * Most female monkeys have capability - mortality - lead life - range in ages * Most female monkeys reach maturity - sexual maturity - weigh around grams * Some female monkeys develop fatal illnesses - have infants - produce antibodies * experience a growth spurt earlier and at a lower degree than males.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| primate \| monkey: Guenon * All guenons are diurnal. * Most guenons live in sizable groups of females and young with a single adult male * Some guenons have color vision - diets - ears - tuft ears - produce offspring * also have long hair around their face, like a lion's mane. * are also quite variable cranially - expressive vocally - generally somewhat smaller than macaques - mammals * have large, well-developed cheek pouches - patches of short contrasting fur on the nose - separate alarm calls for ground and aerial predators - faces * inhabit forests, woodlands, and savannahs, usually near rivers and streams. * mature sexually at the age of four years. * use loud, booming calls and bird-like chirps to alert each other. ### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| primate \| monkey \| guenon: Talapoin * Some talapoins have flesh. * are diurnal and arboreal , preferring rain forest or mangroves near water - arboreal, preferring thick rainforest or mangroves near water - the smallest species of old-world monkeys - breasts - pedal extremities - sections - skulls	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| primate \| monkey: Howler * Most howlers are larger animals but are very slow to move. * Some howlers consume diets * Some howlers eat flowers * Some howlers have short snouts - occupy habitats - prefer habitats * also boast a prehensile tail. * are able to create such loud and specific sounds by specific body shape and structures - also selective with re- spect to which individual trees of a species they use for food - arboreal, mainly diurnal forest dwellers - blunder - famous for the incredible vocalizations made by adult males - good swimmers, have excellent vision and can see up to one-half a mile * are large and robust monkeys with prehensile tails and bearded faces - strict vegetarians, eating only flowers, fruits and leaves - unique in their appearance - very territorial * can reach up to four feet and fifty pounds, with a life-span of possibly thirty years. * eat madera negra leaves - mainly top canopy leaves , together with fruit , buds, flowers , and nuts - mostly leaves, but occasionally supplement their diet with fruit and maggots - nearly all available plant parts in their habitats * generally feed on half-fruits and leave the rest in drain. * have a long prehensile tail and short snout - prehensile tails which are used mostly for balance or a sense of security * includes brains - heads * live high up in the forest canopy. * live in family groups of from five to twenty - groups with more than one male - the canopies of lowland and montane forests - troops of one male with many females * often begin and end their days by roaring. * select the fruit they eat by color as well as scent. Howler monkey * Most howler monkeys feed on immature leaves * Most howler monkeys have calls - features - glands - necks - unique features * Most howler monkeys reach height - maturity - sexual maturity * Some howler monkeys eat figs * Some howler monkeys have infants - throats - occur in mangroves * eat leaves and fruit. - diets * include invasive mammals * use tails.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| primate \| monkey: Langur * Most langurs have digestion - survive on diets * Some langurs have bellies - brownish fur - gray fur - pot bellies - ranges * Some langurs live in forests - temples - reside in habitats. * They are found in southeast Asia. It is commonly called the 'Leaf Monkey'. They usually live in small groups of between 2 and 10 individuals. They mainly eat leaves, as well as some fruit. Langur spend most of their time in trees. They have white fur and black faces * are active during the day - also catarrhines, while spider monkeys are platyrhines - leaf-eating monkeys, part of the primate family - widespread across the Indian subcontinent * attain maturity. * feed on fruit - mostly leaves and fruit, and spend much of the day resting while they digest - large stomachs that have several sections - sight * includes brains - breasts - cell membranes - cells - chest cavities - chests - corpi - cytoplasm - nuclei - pedal extremities - piluses - plasma membranes - rib cages - skulls - sterna - vacuoles - vertebrate feet * inhabit sites. * live in habitats ranging from warm, humid swamp forests to cold mountain areas. - one part of their life in the trees, and other on the ground * type of monkey. Langur monkey * are also primarily leaf-eaters. * live in social troops with one male presiding over several females and their young. * rock the branches. ### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| primate \| monkey \| langur: Francois langur * are born with orange fur - monkeys that live in southwest China and northeast Vietnam * live in areas with steep, craggy hills that look like camel's humps. Hanuman langur * Some hanuman langurs have brownish fur - gray fur * live in single-male groups.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| primate \| monkey: Macaque * Most macaques are brown and gray or brown and white - omnivorous - some shade of brown with some grey or white * Most macaques have antibodies - grey or brown fur, with pink or red skin on the face and rump * Most macaques learn behavior - different behavior - sleep in trees - use thumbs * Some macaques carry herpes b viruses * Some macaques demonstrate behavior - intelligent behavior - eat plants - emit bark - escape from zoos * Some macaques grow coats - heavy coats - insulate coats * Some macaques have concentration - major predators - pouches - infect with viruses * Some macaques inhabit coasts - island coasts * Some macaques live in cages - indoor cages - moroccos - small cages * Some macaques survive temperature - winter temperature * are a model organism for studying neurology - diurnal, and both arboreal and terrestrial - found in Japan - hardy, intelligent primates with stout bodies and powerful limbs - highly adaptable generalists and are thus found in the widest range of habitats - known to leap - large monkeys that live partly on the ground and partly in the trees - monkeys that live in a great variety of habitats, primarily in Asia * are omnivorous, and they possess large cheek pouches in which they carry extra food - though fruit tends to be primary - primarily terrestrial spending the majority of their time on the ground - robust primates whose arms and legs are of about the same length - the most common monkey used in biomedical research - very good swimmers * eat mainly fruits. * exhibit behavior. * have a very intricate social structure and hierarchy - close-set nostrils that are downward - complex social and behavioral systems - kidneys - larger brains than other monkey species - quite complex social and behavioral systems which are difficult to summarize - cell membranes - corpi - cytoplasm - piluses - sterna * live in troops of varying size - sizes, in which both males and females have dominance orders * mate promiscuously. * mostly move on all fours. * only work for food that they actually consume. * play an important role in their ecosystem as a seed disperser. * show behavior. * spend the maximum time of life on trees as they get sufficient food on the tree itself. + Japanese macaque: Monkeys + Macaque, Research Macaque monkey * are thought to be the natural host for the virus. * categorize images by their ordinal number. * eat fruit , flowers , seeds , bark , leaves , shrimp , and insects. + Japanese macaque, Diet: Monkeys<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| primate \| monkey \| macaque: Barbary macaque * Most barbary macaques have diets. * Some barbary macaques live in moroccos. * are diurnal and do most of their foraging and traveling during the day - polygynandrous, as males and females have multiple mates * display a variety of facial expressions to show emotions. * have a diet of fruit, young leaves, bark, roots and occasionally invertebrates * prefer habitats consisting of high altitude mountains, cliffs, and gorges. Japanese macaque * Most japanese macaques have faces. * Some japanese macaques demonstrate behavior * Some japanese macaques have pouches - predators * Some japanese macaques inhabit coasts * Some japanese macaques live in cages * Some japanese macaques survive temperature * are gentle creatures that display frequent social interactions - predominantly quadrupedal and can be considered semi-terrestrial * live at the northernmost latitude of any nonhuman primate. Rhesus * includes brains - breasts - cells - chest cavities - chests - cytoplasm - ears - faces - heads - nuclei - pedal extremities - plasma membranes - rib cages - sections - skulls - vacuoles - vertebrate feet * thrives in habitats - native habitats	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| primate \| monkey: Male monkey * Most male monkeys have calls - make noise * Most male monkeys reach maturity - sexual maturity - use noses - weigh kgs * Some male monkeys have throats - play roles * go bald just like male humans do - men do<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| primate \| monkey: Mangabey * All mangabeys prefer fruits which form the bulk of their diet. * Most mangabeys give birth to monkeys - have tails - occupy habitats - reside in valleys * Some mangabeys have brown whiskers - dietary patterns - different dietary patterns * are highly social animals - very vocal and their calls are often the first and only indication of their presence * belong to the family cercopithicidae. * feed on seeds, fruit, and leaves. * have an oval-shaped head with a fairly long muzzle. * have large home ranges * includes brains - breasts - cell membranes - cells - chest cavities - chests - corpi - cytoplasm - ears - faces - heads - nuclei - pedal extremities - piluses - plasma membranes - rib cages - sections - skulls - sterna - vacuoles - vertebrate feet * range in color from fawn, or light brown, to black. * use their faces like people do - to show how they feel. * wait for fruit. ### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| primate \| monkey \| mangabey: Black mangabey * Some black mangabeys have brown whiskers * are also prey for the crowned hawk eagle. * live only in Africa. * move through the trees using a mode of locomotion called arboreal quadrupedalism. * tend to have dark skin and eyelids that match their facial skin. Sooty mangabey * Most sooty mangabeys reside in valleys. * Some sooty mangabeys have dietary patterns * can have pink faces.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| primate \| monkey: Marmoset * Most marmosets carry babies - defend territory - drink fresh water * Most marmosets eat grasshoppers - plants - spiders - engage in behaviour - have ears * Most marmosets have large home ranges - trees - live in regions - raise tails - rely on diets * Most marmosets use sharpen teeth * Some marmosets become prey - develop fixed eating habits and preferences * Some marmosets eat food - nectar - feed on lizards * Some marmosets have caecums - claws - coloration - holes - median stripes - nails - reflexes - residues - sharp claws - states - tendencies - thumb nails - white stripes * Some marmosets occupy forest patches * Some marmosets occur along coasts - southeast coasts * Some marmosets reach maturity * also have a particular scent of their own, which combined with their urine smells awful. * are a member of the primate family and are one of the smallest monkeys - active during the day and live in small groups * are among the easiest of primates to provide with environmental enrichment - smallest of primates - animals - diurnal monkeys, which are active from dawn to dusk - diurnal, sheltering at night in tree holes and cavities * are located in asses - books - boxs - brazils - burrows - cages - captivity - dictionaries - fields - foreign countries - mountains - national parks - pairs - pants - rain forests - rainforests - shopping malls - treetops - tropics - wildernesses - wood - quick, agile jumpers - small mammals - small, long-tailed monkeys - smaller - squirrel-size monkeys - tiny South American monkeys - usually docile and gentle in captivity * do have twins and galagos more than one young. * feed on flowers. * gain access to exudates from a variety of tree species by gnawing holes in the tree bark. * generally have triangular upper molars , and they lack the third molar found in cebids. * have a better developed sense of smell than humans - diet of snakes, tree frogs , insects, bird eggs , fruit, and natural vegetation - acute sight, good hearing, and apparently a good sense of smell - freedom - long tails and human like hands and arms to climb trees * includes brains - cell membranes - chest cavities - cytoplasm - rib cages - sterna - vertebrate feet * live in family groups in the wild - pairs or families and react to separation from their mate - the trees in the jungle as far north as Panama and south to Brazil - tropical or subtropical forests of South America - with one mate, and the father marmoset helps take care of the children * mark their area by rubbing their perineum on various locations. * often use sex to reinforce their social bonds, as do other primates such as bonobos. * prefer edge habitats * run and hop in trees and bushes, and are capable of leaping from branch to branch - quadrupedally along horizontal branches and leaping between thin terminal supports * smell, they use their scent glands for communication. * typically give birth to twins every six months. * usually give birth to twins, once or twice a year.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| primate \| monkey \| marmoset: Common marmoset * Most common marmosets eat grasshoppers * Most common marmosets use sharpen teeth * Some common marmosets eat fruit. * Some common marmosets have caecums - large caecums * Some common marmosets live in extend families * are a type of monkey - endemic to Brazil - native only to east-central Brazil - therefore also the smallest representative of the higher primates - very small monkeys with relatively long tails * has white tufted-ears. - habitats	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| primate \| monkey \| marmoset: Pygmy marmoset * Most pygmy marmosets have freedom * Some pygmy marmosets have claws - states * are mammals - monogamous, which means that male and female mate for a lifetime - only about six inches tall as adults - quiet animals - territorial animals - the smallest of the species - tiny animals that can fit into human palm - usually docile and gentle * critically endangered species and is found in tropical and subtropical forests. * eat plants * have claws on all of their digits except the great toe, which has a flat nail * live in regions. * type of primate that is best known as the smallest monkey in the world.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| primate \| monkey \| marmoset: Tamarin * Most tamarins eat fruit - materials - soft fruit - sweet fruit - engage in activities - feed on fruit * Most tamarins have claws - diets - fingers - heads - molar teeth - rather sharp claws - thumbs - inhabit territory * Most tamarins live in disturb habitats - penetrate skin - sleep in trees - use fingers * Some tamarins have nails - sharp nails - hunt other animals - live in families - protect territory - use forelimbs * also reside in flooded areas where there is low underbrush and a lot of twisting vines. * are a South American monkey closely related to the marmoset and also known as a marmoset - almost exclusively polyandrous - also popular in the pet trade business - diurnal , meaning they like to seek shelter for the night in tree cavities - highly important seed dispersers in tropical ecosystems - inhabitants of tropical rainforests and open forest areas - larger - omnivores, meaning they like to eat both plants and animals - primates - small, endangered primates found in the forests of South America * are some of the smallest members of the primate family - monkeys in the world - squirrel-like, colorful monkeys * defend territory. * eat fruit, insects, eggs, and occasionally catch small lizards, toads, and frogs - frogs, and tree gums - small fruits, insects, and occasionally buds and leaves * feed on fruit mainly at the lower and middle canopy levels of the forest * flash though leafy tunnels, twittering and chirping to one another like flocks of birds. * have a wide variety of vocalizations which they use in communicating in the dense forest - one to three babies a year - rounded jaws, while the jaws of marmosets are V-shaped, with enlarged incisors - sharp, curved claws on their toes for gripping tree trunks and branches - specific food related calls, depending on what type of food they are hungry for - vary diets * includes brains - breasts - cell membranes - cells - chest cavities - chests - corpi - cytoplasm - ears - faces - nuclei - pedal extremities - piluses - plasma membranes - rib cages - sections - skulls - sterna - vacuoles - vertebrate feet * inhabit rainforests * jump through trees using their fingers to hold onto branches. * learn about raising their young by helping to raise their siblings. * live all over South America. * live in Eastern forests of Brazil - family groups - small family groups * make a variety of vocalizations. * often give birth to twins which is unusual for primates - travel single file through the forest, leaping quietly from limb to limb * open mouths. * seem to be more sensitive to the phonetic characteristics. * tend to be monogamous and remain with the same mate - sleep in tree holes abandoned by other species - their claws to dig for insects in the bark of trees - whistles and trills as communication * usually give birth to twins. + Golden Lion Tamarin, Diet - Tamarin: Monkeys * Tamarins live in small family groups. The life span is about 15 years. They are in danger of extinction due to loss of habitat as their forest home is being cleared. They live in coastal tropical rainforests in eastern Brazil of South America	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| primate \| monkey: New world monkey * have color vision - prehensile tails * include monkeys - woolly monkeys Old world monkey * have appendages - arms - narrow septa - nasal septa - teeth * share ancestors - common ancestors Pata monkey * Most pata monkeys feed on diets. * Most pata monkeys have mortality - noses * Most pata monkeys occupy large home ranges - occur in areas * Most pata monkeys occur in many areas - protect areas * Most pata monkeys reach maturity - sexual maturity * Some pata monkeys develop fatal illnesses * Some pata monkeys eat arthropods - grubs * Some pata monkeys prefer wide areas - open areas Proboscis monkey * Most proboscis monkeys eat fruit - enjoy fruit * Most proboscis monkeys have appearances - unusual appearances - survive on diets - use noses * are known to make various vocalizations - mammals * can swing through the trees and leap from branch to branch. - large amounts of tough mangrove leaves * live along Borneo's rivers - in-groups of five to fifteen with an adult male as their leader * seem almost human swinging through the trees in search of accommodation. Red howler monkey * feed on leaves. * have prehensile tails Rhesus monkey * Some rhesus monkeys have ranges. * range in ages. * show differences. * weigh kgs. Snow monkey * Some snow monkeys become adults. * inherit their dominance from their mother.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| primate \| monkey: Spider monkey * All spider monkeys are extremely specialized for a highly mobile arboreal lifestyle. * Most spider monkeys adapt to change environmental conditions * Most spider monkeys eat fruit - ripe fruit - feed on fruit - find food - gather food * Most spider monkeys have arms - flexible arms - heads - reproduction - sexual reproduction - inhabit rain forest regions * Most spider monkeys inhabit tropical rain forest regions - lead life * Most spider monkeys live in rainforests - societies - tropical rainforests - prefer fruit * Most spider monkeys reach maturity - sexual maturity * Most spider monkeys use hands - limbs - long limbs - weigh pounds * Some spider monkeys eat leaves - nuts - escape from zoos * Some spider monkeys live in canopy layers - play roles - remain ancestors * are adept to walk on two legs across the tree top - dietary specialists in that the great majority of their food is ripe fruits - diurnal and spend the night sleeping in carefully selected trees - diurnal, and therefore are awake during the day and asleep at night - extremely quick , and they have long , thin fingers with almost no hair at all * are found in many aspects of the Mesoamerican cultures - rainforests in southern Mexico to the northern part of South America - frivolous and mischievous - mammals - omnivores they eat fruit, veggies, and occationally invertebrates - primates - referred to as the most accomplished acrobats of the forest - second in agility only to the gibbons of Asia - small primates that spend their days high in the tops of trees - the most acrobatic - very economical eaters * breed all year round. * can dangle their entire body weight from their tail alone - hold food with their tail * eat fruit , nuts , leaves , and small vertebrate 's eggs - nuts and fruits that grow on large trees - while hanging, climbing, or moving * exhibit variation. * find food in the treetops and feast on nuts, fruits, leaves, bird eggs, and spiders * get their name because of their long arms, legs and tail. * give birth at any time of the year. * have an unusual social structure * have no thumbs or it is reduced to a nub - thumbs, so their grasping is done with four fingers - one offspring per year - slender, dark-haired bodies and long arms - very good vision and flexible tails * move around by swinging from a tree branch to another tree branch - swiftly through trees and use their tails as a fifth arm or leg * resemble chimpanzees in depending heavily on ripe fruit. * spend most of their time in the forest canopy. * swing through trees and grasp limbs with their tails. - specific routes as they travel through the trees * use their long limbs to pick their favorite food, fruits - tail just as they use their hands * use their tails and hooked hands to move through the trees - as a fifth limb to swing through the branches - to cling to trees while they forage for food with both their hands + Spider monkey, Diet - Habitat and Life Span: Monkeys * Spider monkeys are found in rainforests in southern Mexico to the northern part of South America. Spider monkeys live in groups or bands of 10 to 40 monkeys. Every band lives in its own territory and one band of monkeys will not enter the territory of another band. Spider monkeys have one offspring per year. They live between 12 to 45 years - Physical description * Spider monkeys are extremely quick, and they have long, thin fingers with almost no hair at all. Unlike other monkeys, they use their tail much more than their fingers, and their tails are longer than their bodies. These tails can grasp and pick up things	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| primate \| monkey: Squirrel monkey * Most squirrel monkeys display cooperative behavior. * Most squirrel monkeys exhibit similar daily patterns * Most squirrel monkeys have habitat preference - similar habitat preference * Some squirrel monkeys escape from zoos. * Some squirrel monkeys survive in habitats - natural habitats. * ' live in Central and South America. They grow to 25 to 35 cm, and their long tail is 35 to 42 cm. Squirrel monkeys are small enough to go on the smallest branches to get food. They eat fruits and insects. When fruit is scarce, they will drink nectar * are arboreal and live in virgin and secondary forests of northern South America - found widely throughout Central and South America - mammals - omnivores , eating primarily fruits and insects - small, long-legged monkeys with very long tails - still common in their native habitat * can be abundant. * display behavior - breed behavior * eat insects and small vertebrates in addition to fruit. * exhibit activity patterns - differences * give birth to only one monkey. - nails instead of claws * make continuous croaking, twittering, and barking sounds unlike any other monkey. * move through the trees by leaping. Uakari * have tails. * includes brains - breasts - cell membranes - cells - chest cavities - chests - corpi - cytoplasm - ears - faces - heads - nuclei - pedal extremities - piluses - plasma membranes - rib cages - sections - skulls - sterna - vacuoles - vertebrate feet Vervet * are active agents in the forest seed dispersal - guenons * make different alarm calls for different predators, demanding different responses. White colobus monkey * develop compartment stomachs * have babies. * sit in tops. Wild monkey * Most wild monkeys eat diets - vary diets * eat a varied diet that consists of roots, insects, fruits and herbs - food * have low hyperopia or emmetropia and no myopia.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| primate: Nonhuman primate * Many nonhuman primates have great importance to people. * Some nonhuman primates avoid predators - have degrees * are also particularly sensitive to stress from excitement - even more sensitive to infections with filoviruses than humans are - extremely intelligent and can be easily trained or conditioned * can be a source of exposure to several zoonotic pathogens. * exist in hierarchically structured communities with strong mutual attachments. * have emotions. * metabolize less of the benzene to muconic acid than do rodents or humans. * represent invaluable tools for biomedical, behavioral, and nutritional research. Other primate * have factors. * include baboons. * learn behavior - eat behavior<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| primate: Prosimian * Many prosimians have at least four nipples and produce litters rather than a single offspring. * are a successful group that remained competitive - considered the most primitive group of primates - generally soft food omnivores - in the family Prosimii and live in Africa and Asia * are the cousins of monkeys and apes - most primitive of all primate forms - true primates, yet primitive and distinct from monkeys and apes * divide into several subgroups. * have relatively smaller brains and rely more on the sense of smell - structural differences in their skull and reproductive biology	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| primate: Tarsier * All tarsiers hunt at night, exclusively for animal prey. * Most tarsiers breed twice a year - has-part tails * Most tarsiers have claw feet - cortexes - distinctive characteristics - fur - ranges - round heads - several characteristics - short limbs - visual cortexes - live in areas - produce offspring * Some tarsiers approach predators. * Some tarsiers eat live shrimp - feed on insects * Some tarsiers have bulge eyes - glands - good leap ability - huge bulge eyes - spines - uteruses * Some tarsiers reach maturity - sexual maturity * also act as hosts to a number of ecto- and endoparasites. * are also less vocal than many other primates - among the smallest known primates - animals - arboreal and nocturnal - born with fur and their eyes open and can climb trees within an hour of birth - extremely vocal and make loud shrieks with their partners - found in the wild in the islands of Southeast Asia - grayish, beige, or very light brown in color - lemurlike in being nocturnal and having a well-developed sense of smell - native to the Philippines and other parts of East Asia - nocturnal or crepuscular and mainly arboreal * are nocturnal, shy, hunting, social animals - so they sleep during the day - primates, mammals closely related to lemurs , monkeys, apes, and people - probably the most advanced group of prosimians in relation to the higher primates * are small creatures with huge eyes and big ears, they are about the same size as squirrels - with very large eyes, elongated hind legs and feet, a thin tail and long fingers - species of secondary forest * are the only entirely carnivorous primates, preying on insects, lizards, and snakes - living primate that is entirely carnivorous * are the only primates that are totally carnivorous - which are wholly carnivorous - too small to be hunted - vertical clingers and leapers * are very shy animals that prefer to stay away from human contact - small nocturnal and crepuscular primates * can also walk on all fours - leap up to seven feet, and when placed on the ground they also hop erect * capture prey. * catch their prey by leaping from one branch to another. * commonly communicate through vocalizations and urine scent marking. * communicate with each other using loud piercing notes - various sounds * comprise a genus of tiny, nocturnal, arboreal insectivores. * differ from other prosimians in several characters - prosimians because of several characteristics * drink water. * engage in behavior. * exhibit variation in social system between species. * feed on insects and lizards and also small fish and crabs. * gather during the mating season. * get their name from their elongated tarsal region. * give birth to a single offspring and never have twins - that is born precocial, fully-furred and with opened eyes * have a body covered in fur that can be ochre, brown, gold or grey in color - grooming claw on second and third toes - very long prehensile tail which is much longer than their body - an unique dental formula - enormous eyes, a long tail, and pads at the ends of each of their fingers and toes - excellent night vision - extremely large eyes and ears, and long tail and hind legs - gray fur - huge eyes and long feet - large ears, resembling a bat, and round faces - movement * have the ability to reduce their body temperatures at night - biggest eyes of any mammal relative to their body weight - unusual sperm - breasts - chests - vacuoles * keep in constant contact with their offspring through high-pitched calls, yells and noises. * leap with their tail head upwards. * live exclusively on animal prey - on islands of Southeast Asia * look like tiny monkeys with huge eyes and ears. * love to eat insects. * occur only in parts of Indonesia, eastern Malaysia, and the Philippines. * possess sharp, heterodont teeth and quadrate molars. * prefer animal protein in the form of insects and small vertebrate animals - life in lowland or low mountain forests, mangroves and scrubs - to eat during vertical clinging * spend much of their time scanning for prey from low positions on tree trunks. * use instinct. * use their heightened sense of hearing and smell to catch animals - very long legs to leap from branch to branch - varied means of communication * win the prize for the biggest eyes relative to size among mammals. + Tarsier, Body shape: Primates * Tarsiers have huge eyes and long feet. They are nocturnal, and are the only wholly carnivorous primates. They mainly eat insects, and catch them by jumping at them. They are also known to eat birds and snakes. Pregnancy takes about six months. Tarsiers give birth to single offspring.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| primate \| tarsier: Philippine tarsier * Most philippine tarsiers have claw feet - tails * are born well-developed, and young cling to their mother's belly - precocial, and offspring are soon able to follow their kin - very good at transfering worms and parasites to humans * use hollows close to the ground for hiding. Pygmy tarsier * Most pygmy tarsiers drink water. * Most pygmy tarsiers have characteristics - claws - distinctive characteristics - heads - ranges - round heads - several characteristics - short limbs - tails - produce offspring * Some pygmy tarsiers have fields - rotate heads * are insectivorous and eat primarily arthropods with heavily keratinized exoskeletons. * drink water by lapping * have a rounded head with a short snout<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| primate \| tarsier: Spectral tarsier * Some spectral tarsiers reach maturity - sexual maturity * appear to take advantage of the moonlight when foraging. * are both crepuscular and nocturnal and are very active throughout the night. * can collect their prey out of the air, on the ground, or off leaves and branches. * engage in behavior. * feeds exclusively on live animals. * have a low basal metabolic rate and a low body temperature - small, round body covered in soft, velvety fur * listen with their independently moving ears to locate potential prey. * sit next to one another and intertwine tails and are know to snuggle. Western tarsier * Some western tarsiers feed on insects. * Some western tarsiers have bulge eyes - huge bulge eyes	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal: Rabbit * All rabbits are easy to breed regardless of breed - furry animals * Are Territorial Rabbits are extremely territorial. * Many rabbits carry a few coccidia without suffering any noticeable effects. * Many rabbits have a sweet tooth, but sweetness means a high content of sugars - but sweetness means high sugar content - lose weight and are no longer interested in treats or toys * More rabbits are killed when they are very abundant. * Most rabbits adapt to habitats - appear in holes * Most rabbits are classified as animals - descended from rabbits - evolved from animals - happier when they live with a mate - located on ground - naturally shy - attract predators - avoid people - browse on foliage - can live in a cold situation but damp and draughts can lead to health problems - carry genes - come from families - compete for food * Most rabbits consume high protein diets - plants - woody plants * Most rabbits destroy leaves - pasture - vegetables - detect predators * Most rabbits develop antibodies - incisors * Most rabbits die of sickness - within one or two weeks of first showing signs of the disease * Most rabbits dig burrows - for food, but others sometimes get given it * Most rabbits eat and play from dusk to dawn, and spend the day resting and sleeping - buds - bull thistles - cabbages - carrots - clover - crops - dandelions - flower plants - fruit - grain - grass, herbs, twigs, bark, seeds, and vegetables, including carrots - green vegetation - lettuce - materials - plant materials - salad - shrubs - worms - enjoy being petted on the broad part of their head - enter forests - exhibit eyes * Most rabbits feed in fields - regions * Most rabbits feed on cholesterol diets - gain weight - get food * Most rabbits give birth to babies - mammals * Most rabbits graze in fields - on grass * Most rabbits grow cells - hair * Most rabbits has-part aortas - bones - glands - jaws - legs - molars - mouths - noses - penises - stomachs - teeth * Most rabbits have abnormal growth - color - development - excellent eyesights - gastrointestinal tracts - hairless sacs - hearts - high mortality - hind legs - incisor teeth - lifespans - lower productivity - narrow mouths - natural predators - pellets * Most rabbits have powerful hind legs - same color - soft fur consisting of a dense undercoat and slightly longer guard hairs - tendencies - thymuses - tongues - upper teeth - vision - weak hearts - years * Most rabbits hide in burrows - bushes - dense vegetation - environments - shelter - interact with human companions * Most rabbits invade crops - gardens - kill plants - lift heads * Most rabbits live for about a year in the wild - durations * Most rabbits live in areas - climates - cold climates - desert regions - hot desert regions - hutches - on farms - up to years * Most rabbits love food * Most rabbits make burrows - dungs - underground burrows - up diets - migrate to regions * Most rabbits move feet - into dens * Most rabbits occupy areas * Most rabbits play in dens - wildernesses * Most rabbits possess babies - coats * Most rabbits prefer burrows - disturb habitats - grassland habitats * Most rabbits produce fecal pellets - many offspring * Most rabbits provide fur - sustenance * Most rabbits raise babies - receive genes - relate to organisms * Most rabbits remain in hide places * Most rabbits reproduce during first years * Most rabbits require diets - resemble mammals * Most rabbits seek habitats - serve as food - shed hair - stand on legs - stay with mothers - steal carrots - survive for years * Most rabbits threaten crops - thrive in areas * Most rabbits use grass * Most rabbits walk on feet - weigh pounds * Some rabbits achieve density - appear in colonies * Some rabbits are able to resist or clear mild infection without treatment - diagnosed with cancer * Some rabbits are killed by dogs - stoats - located at homes - avoid predators * Some rabbits become intermediate hosts - pests - very irritable and aggressive when they are pregnant * Some rabbits can be so scared by the mere presence of a predator that they die of fright - live in the snow * Some rabbits carry food - parasites - viruses - catch food - come in black and white and other combinations of colors * Some rabbits compete with cattle - livestock - construct warrens * Some rabbits consume extra virgin oil - olive oil * Some rabbits destroy buds - flowers * Some rabbits develop aortas - immunity * Some rabbits die of fright - within conditions - dig dens * Some rabbits eat bait - grapes - seedlings - trees - vines * Some rabbits emerge from burrows - emit loud, shrill screams when frightened or captured - exhibit dependence - expose to viruses - feed babies * Some rabbits feed in Africa - freeze in places - graze in mountains - harbor microorganisms - harm small rodents - has-part limbs * Some rabbits have an overall full body shed that only lasts a day or two - bright shiny noses - cavities - dental problems - diarrhea - flow discharge - front claws - genetic defects - hare lips - hereditary problems - internal injuries - oral cavities * Some rabbits have sharp claws - small cavities * Some rabbits have urinary problems - tract problems - urine - winter * Some rabbits hide in forests - litter - increase excretion * Some rabbits invade forests - keep coats * Some rabbits live in brushes - cages - gulchs - hills - laundry rooms - lawns - towns - tunnels - on environments - normally sway to see better, but eye twitching signals illness * Some rabbits occur in Australia - Connecticut * Some rabbits play in fields * Some rabbits possess bunnies * Some rabbits prefer edges - to drink from a shallow dish after surgery to minimize their movements * Some rabbits provide burrows * Some rabbits reach ages - reproductive ages - sexual maturity - refuse food - release pheromone * Some rabbits require homes - resemble rats - return to colonies - rub noses * Some rabbits share habitats * Some rabbits sit in fields - sand * Some rabbits stand in barns * Some rabbits suffer from infection - respiratory problems - tract infection - urinary infection * Some rabbits transmit sound - turn into pets. * Some people have rabbits as pets. Rabbits are also raised as meat animals. Rabbits are of a different biological classification than hares * acclimate quickly to odors too. * also are curious creatures who have no problem expressing their emotions. * also browse low twigs, but use by the two species can be distinguished easily - yew - can cause serious damage to trees, shrubs, roses and other plants * also chew on the bark of young trees especially fruit trees - young trees, but the girdling begins several inches above the soil line * also eat a diet that is largely composed of leaves - number of other foods - crops, particularly the growing points of legumes such as lupins - the bark and buds of seedlings and saplings and can be quite destructive at times * also have a complex social hierarchy with their own species - mucus covered night stool that is generally eaten as they are produced - large eyes, so burning, corrosion and ulceration are easily observed - sharp toenails that help in gripping the ground as well as making burrows - their litters underground - live on poor quality food - love to eat hay * also produce antibodies that can be used to detect the presence or absence of disease - manure that contains nutrients essential to earth worms * also require refuge from pests, predators, wildlife and other disturbances - special attention to the fiber in their diet - tend to cause more damage to trees and shrubs when there is extensive snowcover - use hayfields, meadows, and pastures rabbits for food and cover * always have some hair in their stomach contents. - to have had excellent reproductive success * are a major environmental and agricultural pest. * are a major food source for feral cats - many other types of wildlife - preferred prey animal - proven model for testing hypotheses about human heart disease and heart attacks - well-established species for the induction of specific antibody responses - able to eat normally afterward and the teeth no longer have to be clipped * are active at any time of day or night, but mostly feed at dawn or dusk - from twilight to early morning and generally hide during the day - adapted for burrowing, and their young are born in burrows, naked and blind - affectionate social animals that enjoy the company of other rabbits - affectionate, loyal creatures with a high degree of intelligence - also quite happy to forage on garden plants - altricial i.e. their young are born blind and hairless * are altricial, having young that are born blind and hairless - or born hairless, blind, and helpless * are an example of an animal treated as a food, pet, and pest by members of the same culture - excellent animal to raise for meat - important food source for many predators - another pet susceptible to hairballs - available almost everywhere, but their numbers vary annually - basically nocturnal, feeding in the evening, at night, and in the early morning - better pets if they are spayed or neutered - carriers of several parasites - chiefly nocturnal, although they are sometimes seen in the daytime * are classified according to their weight or hair - clean in their toilet habit of using one place - common along property roadsides in the early and mid-summer - coprophagous - crepuscular, which means that they are most active at dawn and dusk - delicate and easily injured - different than cats in that they tend to ingest some of the litter - diphyodont, having two recognizable sets of teeth - docile and lack the ability to express defensive behaviors such as biting or scratching - each unique in their own personal characteristics - easy to catch in wire or wooden box traps - eaten by hawks, owls, wolves, foxes, etc - effective at finding and eating tree seedlings and shrubs - especially sensitive to heat, and heatstroke can result - extremely social animals - famed for their reproductive capabilities - fast - fastidious groomers - fictional characters - food for many predators, but their high death rate is offset by their high birth rate - found throughout the United States and have adapted to survive in the various climates - fun and loving animals - furry little animals with long ears and fluffy tails - game animals and protected by state laws - games - generally nocturnal, and they also are relatively silent - gray, foxes are red - grazers, eating small meals continually throughout the day - gregarious animals that live in burrows in open fields and along hedgerows - gregarious, living in large warrens and feeding on grasses and vegetation - hairless and totally dependent on their mothers after birth - helpless at birth and have to grow their fur * are herbivores and eat grass, plants and weeds - hindgut fermenters - that feed by grazing on grass, forbs , and leafy weeds - highly prone to infection, and declawing leaves their paws open to bacteria - hypsodonts, meaning that their teeth grow continually, throughout life * are intelligent and very social animals with personalities as varied as any cat's or dog's - social animals who require caring, attentive and affectionate keepers - intelligent, social, and cute animals who make wonderful companions - interesting animals because of several unknown characteristics - joyous and curious and love to run and play - known to have tapeworms and other parasites - lagomorphs , the others are rodents - legendary for their reproductive ability * are less rangy than hares, and smaller and their young are born naked and helpless - susceptible to experimental infection than guinea pigs - like chickens that lay eggs only if there is enough light * are located in forests - mainly active at dawn and at dusk - meticulous groomers who shed every three months - more or less vegetarians and the perfect pet for other vegetarians - nocturnal animals - noxious pests that do huge harm to our environment - often more active during daylight in the cold weather - omnivores - one of Australia's most serious environmental pests - ornamental, Lop-eared and silky, With long bouncy legs, And noses that quiver * are part of european rabbits - persistent in their quest to nibble on our vegetation - physically delicate animals and are a poor choice for a child under the age of five - popular in mythology and culture - present on some islands in small numbers * are prey animals and often mask signs of disease - to a variety of mammals and birds - prodigiously fertile, and unsurprisingly have often been regarded as fertility symbols * are prolific breeders able to produce many litters per year - because of their shorter lifespan - quiet, intelligent and curious creatures - quite prone to disease of the teeth - relatively easy to care for and make friendly, intelligent and quiet house pets - routine-oriented animals that like to have a job to do - scavengers and feed on carrion * are sensitive animals - to surface irritations - sensitive, they cry easily and laugh as quickly * are small animals that can be pets or live in the wild - mammal live in various parts of the world - mammals with fluffy, short tails, whiskers and distinctive long ears - social animals and enjoy the company of other rabbits * are social animals that love the attention of another rabbit - attention of other rabbits - animals, living in medium-sized colonies known as warrens - special animals and require the proper care in order to thrive - strict herbivores and capable of eating almost every plant within reach - subject to dehydration, so make sure they always have plenty of water - such endearing animals * are susceptible to endotoxin just as humans are - heatstroke and can tolerate cold weather better than hot * are susceptible to several diseases that can reduce production to unprofitable levels - symbol of longevity and often live to a ripe old age - territorial animals which live in loosely organised social groups * are the most common lynx pray species but they also eat birds, rodents, and small deer - commonly used laboratory animal for antibody production - third most common animal in shelters, after dogs and cats - thick, squirrels are abundant - typically anxious, wary animals and are easily frightened * are unique creatures, members of the group of animals known as lagomorphs - in that they have a large inguinal ring - vegetarians and hard to attract to bait - vegetarians, hedgehogs eat slugs * are very alert mammals, with a keen sense of smell - clean animals are always grooming themselves - durable and have adapted to most weather conditions too - emotional animals and cry when they lose a mate - friendly toward humans and sometimes even purr to show their affection - gentle animals and they make great pets - good at digging - habitual and once a routine is established, they usually prefer to stick with it - intelligent and can be trained to do such things as walking on a leash - intolerant of any kind of microorganisms in their drinking water - prolific if food is abundant - similar to many other mammals * are very social animals and live in colonies - creatures and live in large groups called colonies - voracious eaters - vulnerable animals and require a great deal of care and attention - warm, hardy, and affectionate animals - well known to have hard abscesses * are, without a doubt, extraterrestrial beings. * attract larger predators, like raccoons and coyotes * become infected quite easily and have a hard time dealing with infections - overheated very easily and can die in a matter of hours * begin life as helpless babies - to show their hormonal natures around three months * bite and sometimes very hard. * breed well in captivity. * burrow deep within snow banks. * can also be order frozen, then thawed the same as rodents - responsible for the loss of young trees each year - cause serious damage to trees, shrubs, roses, and other plants - develop soft, pudding-like stools often mixed with normal hard, round droppings - get along quite well with most domestic cats and many breeds of dogs * can be one color, or their fur can have more than one color - quite destructive in the garden and in flower beds * can be very affectionate animals and can also be trained to use a litter box * can become a serious agricultural pest - serious pests for any gardener, homeowner, nursery owner, or orchard owner - breed at any time provided there is short green feed supplying sufficient protein - build their nests in tall grasses or garden mulch piles - carry seed up to one mile - directly compete in agricultural enterprises with livestock for pasture * can do considerable damage - some damage to each other if they want the other out of their territory - easily experience spinal injuries * can eat certain fresh fruits and vegetables - fruit as part of a healthy, balanced diet - out all the available feed and die of starvation - spinach - young plant shoots, which stunts plant growth * can get fleas - ill from no food, dirty water, no water, dirty homes, no exercise or attention - girdle young pecan trees during the first two years of tree establishment * can have cancer in all parts of their body - one litter per month - ingest plastic - kick with such force that they can break their own backs * can live for a long time - five years or more - in a home or protected porch, and even be litter-box trained - outdoors or indoors - to be around ten years old or older * can make all sorts of sounds and they can come out of nowhere - good pets if people are willing to take on the responsibility - mate from three to seven times a year - purr when contented - resist being lifted and carried in a number of ways - run about on hardwood or linoleum floors without injury to their callused feet - slip, fall, and injure themselves on slippery floorings - suffer from a range of diseases and other maladies - transmit ringworm sarcoptic mange and salmonella * care about clothes, food, and their surroundings in general. * cause enormous problems in woodland areas, as do red deer - severe ecological damage even at low densities * come in a variety of colors - sizes, colors and personalities - an array of breeds with different colors, sizes, shapes and coat types - many different shapes, sizes, and colors * commonly feed and travel along human paths, rural roads, and roadsides. * communicate in many ways - through a variety of ways * consume diets * cross paths. * damage crops - landscape plants * deserve love and interaction with their human families. * desire carrots * destroy cabbages - something * differ from hares in bearing naked, helpless young and in occupying burrows - rodents in that rabbits have two sets of upper incisors, rather then one * do breathe fast, but they can also be under stress or be ill and breathe faster than normal - have very acute hearing * don t eat lentils. * eat buds - flowers and vegetables in spring and summer - grass, and there's plenty of grass on the island - leafy plants in the spring - many kinds of vegetation including grasses and tree seedlings - more plants instead of insects - pellets, carrots, lettuce and other vegetables * eat the bark in the winter - of olive trees and can do considerable damage, especially to young trees - same food as gerbils, hamsters, chinchillas, and guinea pigs - the tender new leaves - their droppings, which are an essential part of their nutrition - young grass shoots, and the deer graze on small green willow twigs * eat, move, breed and evolve. * enjoy vegetables. * escape in a direction opposite of wolves or hide in shelters to find protection from wolves. * excavate burrows. * experience a molting process once a year, where they shed their coats and grow a new one. * feed almost entirely on plants, their choice depending upon seasonal availability. * feed on bark of trunks and exposed roots of young fruit trees - their young only twice a day - twice a day, late at night and just before dawn * feel uneasy, and are most likely to struggle, when they are suspended in the air. * fill the ecological niche of small grazing prey animals with high reproductive rates. * find and eat many tree and shrub seedlings. * form the main prey of the Iberian lynx. * frequently reside in sizable social units with many others. * generally move in a hopping motion using their long, powerful hind legs. * give birth in a shallow depression in the ground. * graze on grass - small shrubs and trees as well as grass - thick fur * habitually practice coprophagy, sometimes referred to as pseudorumination. * have a blind spot in front of their nose - deep understanding of others - few odd habits - keen sense of smell and hearing - life-span of about ten years, and require as much maintenance as a dog or cat - lightweight skeleton compared to most animals - predilection for heat prostration - relatively small chest cavity - remarkable way of getting the maximum food value from what they eat - scent gland under their chin that leaves a trace smell only they can recognize - total of six teeth rather than four, as is characteristic of rodents - acute senses * have an affinity for aesthetics - excellent sense of smell, hearing and vision - incredible potential to reproduce - appetite - big ears and big eyes so they can see their predators - estrus - exceptional senses - eyes on the side of the head to look for enemies - four incisors in the upper jaw where rodents have only two - great long- distance eyesight - like other animals have different personalities - little ability to regulate their body temperature and die very easily from heat stroke * have long ears so if they hear danger, they go in their holes - ears, large hind legs, and short, fluffy tails - lots of babies and make good symbols of fertility - many enemies like foxes, snakes, and wolves - one of the quickest reproductive rates - plastic eyes which can be swallowed, so please supervise young children - reductions - sensitive digestive systems - several unique anatomical characteristics - sexual reproduction - significant potential to improve food security - similarity - six incisors, or front teeth, four on the top and two on the bottom - small tails and long ears - strikingly distinctive personalities - the ability to reproduce at a very high rate * have three different fur types - pairs of scent glands used in scent-marking behavior - unusual abilities-many can leap ten feet or more - various kinds of diarrhea, if it's runny, messy and smelly it's easy to identify * have very active sexual drives and it takes only a moment for a male to impregnate a female - delicate digestive systems, and too much of some foods can have dire consequences - sharp teeth and their bites can draw blood - thin and sensitive skin - whiskers that are as long as the body is wide * hear sound. * hide illnesses. - either burrows or depressions in the ground during daylight hours - thick weeds and brush to avoid predators * hinder the regeneration of native plant species. * hunting in the snow favorite of our people with the race dragons. * includes brains - breasts - cell membranes - chest cavities - chests - corpi - cytoplasm - faces - nuclei - pedal extremities - piluses - plasma membranes - rib cages - sections - skulls - sterna - vacuoles - vertebrate feet * ingest food. * inhabit a relatively small home range. * interact with companions * invade and take over the habitat of some native animals * just love to breathe stale air. * keep the same color coat year-round. * lack the vomiting reflex, and are physically almost incapable of regurgitation. * leap into air. * learn much easier as they get older. * leave the nest and become self-sufficient at a very young age - tooth marks that are larger, about one-eighth inch wide * like to be in tangled areas where they can hide from danger - have their own space, including an area of their own to sleep and eat - take shelter in brushpiles * live all over the world - an average of about six years * live for durations * live in a warren - burrows underground too - many kinds of habitats - mqny parts of the world and in several different climatic conditions - thickets, meadows, forests, grasslands and in the woods - underground in burrows, while hares like to hide amidst plants * living on moorland also enjoy young shoots. * look like rabbits. * lose their sense of balance and direction and consequently tilt their heads to one side. * love to chew and are particularly fond of wood, carpet and electrical cords - can be very destructive to household furnishings - electric cords, carpets and furniture - on things - climb things - shelter and breed in the blackberry bush * make a shallow nest for their young - great family pets and are friendly and affectionate - intelligent, friendly and quiet house pets - nests in tall grass and weedy areas - soft grunts when taking care of their young * make their appearance in the Great Southern - habitats in forests, deserts, meadows, woods, and wetlands * may have intestines. * metabolize calcium very differently from other animals. * might have problems. * molt twice each year, but remain the same general color. * mostly move and run onto their toes presuming a more digitigrade form. * move by hopping, using their long and powerful hind legs * multiply rapidly. * multiply, and their food supply begins to dwindle. * need diets - proper diets - sunshine * nest in grassy locations such as pastures, ditch banks, pond dams, orchards and even lawns. * never die - have black ear tips - landscapes - setting * often bite each other - injure shrubs or young trees by their winter feeding habits - live in badger setts - take up residence under decks and sheds * only defend home territories during breeding and nesting season - eat plants or special rabbit food - go into the nest to feed the babies once or twice a day * open eyes. - with toys as well, and love to climb, tunnel, throw things and shred for pleasure * position their bodies in different ways to communicate with other rabbits. * possess a double retinal system of rods and cones in the eye - lower incisors and molars that are constantly worn down, so they keep growing - clean cages with a bedding layer of peat moss, straw, hay, or kitty litter - dry, warm areas - soft stems, grass or vegetables - tender young shoots and seedlings - to live in groups, while hares are more solitary * pressure native wildlife by competing for food, particularly under drought conditions. * produce enough ammonia to cause the air to become toxic in a very short time * produce two types of fecal pellets, mucus pellets and dry pellets - feces * reach sexual maturity between three and six months of age. * receive a high fiber diet which tends to minimize common gastrointestinal disorders * regulate body temperature by their ears. * reproduce by the means of reproducing. - quickly and are considered a nuisance in some places - emergency treatments - excellent ventilation to be productive and stay healthy - fresh, clean water every day - grass, forb, and shrub habitat types - mental stimulation just as other pets do * return to feed their young only once or twice a day for a few minutes, usually at night. * roam earth * seem to be the most susceptible because their inability to stop consuming salt. * share many similarity * shed fur * show presence. * shy away from anything with the odor of meat or blood on it. * sometimes attack the other rabbit's face, underside or genital area. * spend much of the day sleeping. * surviving infection can become carriers of the virus and spread disease to other rabbits. * swallow food. * symbolize the fertility of springtime. * talk to each other by thumping their feet. * tend to be much more confrontational in social situations than are cats - congregate in favorable habitats where there is suitable food and cover - gnaw the smooth, thin bark from young trees - have thick scaling and no primary lesions - injure themselves when confined in a trap - live in burrows underground * to detect predators. * to eat grass - lawn grass * tolerate the cold much better than high heat and humidity. * try to outrun predators. * typically graze during the afternoon and evening hours - live for less than one year * use a lot of body language in conjunction with the sounds - hideouts - more water from bowls than bottles because it is easier to drink - the incisors to gnaw and clip off plants - their claws to dig and burrow into the ground for shelter and protection * usually damage only trees and bush fruits in the winter - nurse their young at night to help keep predators away - try to hide from enemies * visit fields * work as long as they run willingly.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rabbit: Affected rabbit * are listless, anoretic, and dehydrated. * drool saliva soaking the neck and chest. Altered rabbit * are healthier and live longer than unaltered rabbits. * tend to be healthier and live longer than unaltered rabbits.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rabbit: Bunny * Bunnies are clean by nature - crepuscular - they awake and become active in the early mornings and evenings - delicate creatures - higher animals - pets that prefer to be clean, and most can be house trained - social animals, and they enjoy each others' company * Bunnies are very furry and warm - social and love to be around their people - waitresses - belong to genus * Bunnies can convert as well as kill - develop heat stroke with very little warning * Bunnies can have discharge from eyes, nose, mouth, bum, etc - many different personalities - hop and they are very warm - live either indoors or outdoors - very successfully cohabitate with with most other species with proper preparations - catch dinner - damage roots - desire hops - display behavior - do like to have a spot where they can lie down and nap or be left alone * Bunnies eat food - pellets, hay, apples and vegetables like carrots and kale - phone cords - plants * Bunnies enjoy good meals - find the young leaves, seedlings, and buds of trees, shrubs and ferns simply irresistible * Bunnies have a long history in children s books - very serious reaction to cuts and other wounds - kidneys - powerful back legs, They can leap ten feet or more when they are scared - sensitive respiratory and digestive systems - very sensitive respiratory systems * Bunnies includes brains - breasts - cell membranes - cells - chest cavities - chests - corpi - cytoplasm - ears - faces - heads - nuclei - pedal extremities - piluses - plasma membranes - rib cages - sections - skulls - sterna - vacuoles - vertebrate feet * Bunnies like to chew on anything they find - take their time nursing * Bunnies love small tender plants - to munch while they go - make a heart-rending shriek when pierced by fangs of a fox or talons of a hawk - need food - run in a zigzag pattern when they are scared * Bunnies should have fresh hay - sit atop bicycles, hide in baskets and peek from behind curtains - use their sensitive ears to help hear sounds from all directions - usually don t like their face or feet to be touched * Most bunnies are fed diets that are high in pellets, but lacking in fiber * Most bunnies eat food - have fur - learn to love grooming time * Some bunnies go wild for pieces of banana or other fruits.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rabbit: Cottontail * Most cottontails breed only during the spring to fall months. * Most cottontails consume green vegetation - herbaceous vegetation * Most cottontails eat diets - herbivorous diets - shoots - feed on twigs * Most cottontails have glands - layers - round tails - white tails - occupy habitats - occur in areas - prefer forest habitats * Most cottontails reside in areas - wood areas * Some cottontails become predators. * Some cottontails eat food - plant food * Some cottontails feed on grass - tender grass * Some cottontails have black spots - coats - fur coats - life expectancy - senses - white spots - occupy habitat patches * Some cottontails occupy small habitat patches * Some cottontails prefer deciduous vegetation - dense vegetation * are a common source of tularemia , or rabbit fever - food source for many mammalian and avian predators - major prey animal for hawks, snakes, coyote and many other predators - active year round and can be seen at dawn and dusk - also common in urban and suburban areas - born with their eyes shut - carriers of tularemia and relapsing fever - common from the coast to the mountains * are coprophagic, meaning they eat their own feces - thier own waste or pellets - found in large numbers in Arizona and New Mexico - herbivores, meaning they only eat plant matter - named after their tail, which is shaped like a cottony ball - prone to many diseases, the most notable being tularemia - solitary creatures, active mostly between dusk and dawn - somewhat difficult to view, due to their swift and elusive nature - subject as prey by many other animals - susceptible to a variety of diseases and parasites, some of which can be deadly * are true rabbits, and are native to North America - vulnerable in the wintertime - wild rabbits of North America and parts of Central and South America * can breed at eighty days old, then mate again soon after giving birth - generally withstand heavy predation if suitable habitat and cover is present - tender vegetation * depend on herbaceous plants for food and cover. * does select a nest site in an old field, open woodland, or even around a garden or lawn. - grasses, forbs, and bark of saplings - many garden vegetables, especially lettuce, carrots, beans and peas - mostly green plants of all kinds, including poison ivy * feed at night, subsisting on a variety of green plants, barks, buds, and grasses * forage in areas. * generally do the most damage in winter and early spring. * give a high-pitched scream or distress call when injured or captured. - keen eyesight and hearing - large ears and large hind feet - only one external opening for both anus and urethra, called the cloaca - very keen sight and hearing - faces - pedal extremities - plasma membranes - sections * like to live at the edges of open areas. * live approximately two years in the wild. * mainly live above ground like hares. * move only short distances. - ranges * prefer an open brushy or forest-border type of cover - brushy cover interspersed with open areas - partially open brush areas, wooded swamps, woodland edges and wooded fence rows * typically prefer to live in areas with woody and dense vegetation. * use burrows. * usually nest in old fields, open woodlands or gardens, and sometimes even in open lawns. * vary in color from gray to brown and have large ears and hind feet and fluffy tails.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rabbit: Cottontail rabbit * Most cottontail rabbits are classified as animals. * Most cottontail rabbits eat materials - plant materials * Most cottontail rabbits have excellent eyesights - live up to years * Most cottontail rabbits prefer disturb habitats * Some cottontail rabbits warn their buddies of potential danger by thumping their hind feet. * are almost completely mute animals - common in urban areas as well as rural areas - hunted by many predators, so they only live two to three years in the wild - mammals - smaller than jackrabbits or hares in overall size - very prolific - wild rabbits found all over North and South America * browse pitch pine seedlings. * burrow in natural cavities or burrows excavated by woodchucks or other animals. * can be an agricultural pest like their relative the jackrabbit. * eat a great variety of plant materials * have a brown colored fur coat which remains that color year-round * leave their young for hours while feeding themselves. * live up to ten years in captivity * show a greater resistance to myxomatosis than European rabbits.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rabbit \| cottontail rabbit: Eastern cottontail * Most eastern cottontails consume green vegetation - herbaceous vegetation - eat vegetation - have glands - reside in wood areas * Some eastern cottontails have coats - fur coats - senses * are active year-round - found in many places and are good to eat - herbivores, feeding on a variety of herbaceous plants, grasses, and shrubs - likely to survive in habitats that provide shrubby cover and thorny cover - most active when visibility is limited, such as rainy or foggy nights - only native to the Nearctic region - ready to mate when they are three months old * can live anywhere there is an adequate food supply and ground cover. * cause a great deal of damage in their search for food. - tender vegetation * forage in areas. * have excellent vision, hearing, and sense of smell - layers - two different fur coats each year * hide in tall grasses to avoid detection. * keep a look out for foes, by standing on their hind feet. * rely on many different plant species. * reside in areas Desert cottontail * Most desert cottontails eat diets - herbivorous diets * Most desert cottontails have round tails * use burrows. New england cottontail * eat shoots. * feed on twigs. * occupy habitats. * prefer forest habitats Wild cottontail * Some wild cottontails have expectancy - life expectancy * have a life expectancy of less than two years. Young cottontail * Most young cottontails have layers. * are born blind and naked - with no ears either Dwarf rabbit * Dwarf Rabbits make wonderful pets for children. * are relatively intelligent, can be litter trained, and enjoy a family environment - some of the most preferred pets, next to dogs and cats Ear rabbit * need diets - proper diets * require diets. European rabbit * Most european rabbits are descended from rabbits - have years - live in areas - occupy landscapes * Most european rabbits prefer grassland habitats * Some european rabbits become pests. * have a colour similar to the shades of the ground too * live alone on about an acre of land. - groups in a burrow - hills with many tunnels Female rabbit * Most female rabbits have lower productivity * are especially prone to uterine and mammary cancer if left unspayed. * can also become pregnant immediately after birthing a litter. * dig cup-shaped holes in which to bear young. * excavate burrows. House rabbit * Many house rabbits have several different breeds in their background. * Some house rabbits live in laundry rooms - suffer from respiratory problems Indoor rabbit * Most indoor rabbits interact with human companions. * are safer from poor weather conditions. * can be house-trained to use a litter box. * interact with companions	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rabbit: Infected rabbit * can have either a positive or negative titer. * die within a week or ten days following the onset of the illness. Jack rabbit * Most jack rabbits live up to years. * look like rabbits. Male rabbit * Most male rabbits have hairless sacs - tendencies * Some male rabbits get cancer. * are more prone to the development of stones, due to their long urethra - very territorial * can retract the testicles into the abdomen, making sex determination difficult. * make better pets if they've been neutered. Marsh rabbit * are also semiaquatic and they swim extensively - common along the edges of marshes - nocturnal * eat many types of green vegetation. Newborn rabbit * Most newborn rabbits stay with mothers. * are hairless, blind, and deaf. * have no fur and are blind and helpless. Normal rabbit * have the upper incisors overlap the lower incisors. * wear their teeth down as they chew. Pygmy rabbit * Most pygmy rabbits occupy habitats - weigh pounds * appear to synchronize breeding in a given area. * are capable of reproduction in the year following their birth. White rabbit * are notorious for sitting tight. * cross paths.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rabbit: Wild rabbit * Most wild rabbits get food. * Most wild rabbits have ranges * Most wild rabbits live for durations - in areas - prefer burrows * Some wild rabbits have different areas. * Some wild rabbits have many areas * are gregarious, burrowing, herbivorous, nocturnal or crepuscular animals - often fond of living on the outskirts of wide and airy spaces - very suited to their environment * can also become involved in the plague cycle. * compete with livestock for available pasture and kill young trees and shrubs. * create their own homes by tunneling into the ground. * damage young heads of lettuce in gardens. * eat the food of native animals and even live in their burrows. - their food by foraging and grazing * is cooked with prunes or grapes. * live in colonies in a complex system of burrows called warrens - which females outnumber males - extended groups in warrens underground with many interlinking tunnels - mostly dry areas near sea level with soft, sandy soil for burrowing - throughout the world in all climates - sandy, hilly terrain with lots of shrubs and woody plants * share their warrens with up to a hundred family members. Young rabbit * appear to have an ability to withstand the virus. * are most susceptible to hepatic coccidiosis with severe infections resulting in death - prone to stomach upsets when presented with abrupt changes in feed * can have an unlimited amount of rabbit pellets to eat. * mature quickly and are self-sufficient after only four or five weeks. * open eyes. ### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| raccoon: Female raccoon * look for den sites in late winter. * reach sexual maturity at one year of age, males at two. Male raccoon * Most male raccoons weigh pounds. * are generally larger than the females - known to be much bigger in size compared to their female counterparts Young raccoon * Many young raccoons pass away before ever getting to the age of physical maturity. * are raised by their mothers until they disperse from the group in the autumn.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal: Ringtail * Most ringtails occur in habitats. * Some ringtails eat fish - reptiles - occur in areas - use tails * also combine chemistry with defensive body language - feed on nectar from agaves * are a little larger than squirrels, with tails like a raccoon and a face like a fox - another unusual animal - cat sized animals that resemble a mix between a fox and a raccoon - excellent climbers and can maneuver cliffs and ledges by ricocheting off of walls - golden eagles * are nocturnal , cat-sized carnivores - and solitary, except during mating season - omnivores but seem to prefer meat - omnivorous - primarily carnivorous but also do eat other food like plants, fruit, and insects - prone to obesity when fed dog food or cat food - shy, nocturnal creatures and are seen by relatively few people - small, slender animals, about two and one-half feet long - solitary animals, except during mating season, and are nocturnal - strictly herbivorous * eat small rodents, insects, fruits, and berries. * enjoy diets - food diets * have a thin, tapering tail, and the last third of it is white - furry feet with hairless pads, and each has five toes, with semi-retractable claws - several predators such as great-horned owls, snakes, and domestic cats and dogs * includes brains - breasts - cell membranes - cells - chest cavities - chests - corpi - cytoplasm - faces - nuclei - pedal extremities - piluses - plasma membranes - rib cages - sections - skulls - sterna - vacuoles - vertebrate feet * is an eagle * live in the western United States from southern Oregon and Colorado down to Mexico. * make a variety of sounds, including clicks and chatters reminiscent of raccoons. * possums prefer forests of dense brush, particularly eucalyptus forests. * spend the day in a den which is often lined with soft moss, leaves, or grass.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal: Rodent * All rodents are nocturnal. * All rodents have a keen sense of smell and have poor eye sight - pair of constantly growing teeth at the front of their mouths called incisors - chisel-like incisor teeth at the front of their jaws to gnaw food - incisor teeth that grow constantly - incisors that grow continuously throughout their lives - razor-sharp insisorts that can gnaw through anything - two pairs of incisors with chisel-like edges for gnawing and cutting * Help build the largest human-edited directory on the web. * Many rodents are notoriously prolific animals - dig burrows for nesting but forage above ground - eat both the grasshoppers and the eggs - have cheek pouches for the storage and carrying of food, nesting material, etc - hibernate over winter * Most rodents adopt reproductive strategies - also prefer clay soil rather than sandy soil * Most rodents are herbivores - herbivorous, but some are omnivorous, and others prey on insects - much smaller than capybaras - plant-eaters, searching out food with their sensitive noses and long whiskers - polygamous and some mate for the duration of a single breeding season - quite social, living in large groups with elaborate interactive behaviors - small animals with robust bodies, short limbs, and long tails * Most rodents attract critters - other critters - become pests - bury nuts * Most rodents carry bacteria - dangerous diseases - fleas - viruses * Most rodents cause damage - property damage - consume matter * Most rodents eat a wide range of plant material as well as invertebrates - crops - seeds or plants, though some have more varied diets - valuable crops - vegetation - young leaves - emerge from burrows - exhibit specific behavior * Most rodents feed on plants - tubers - gain muscles - get water - has-part incisors * Most rodents have behavioral characteristics - bones * Most rodents have certain behavioral characteristics - compact bodies with short legs - ears - environments - eyesights - grow incisor teeth - healthy environments - hearts - keen eyesights - large eyes, especially the ones who are more active at night - life - long legs - similar appearances - vertebrae - years - hide in burrows * Most rodents live during periods - for years * Most rodents live in areas - climates - temperate climates * Most rodents look like fat squirrels - love tubes, in which they can run through and chew * Most rodents occupy ecological niches - similar ecological niches * Most rodents possess incisors - upper incisors * Most rodents reach maturity - sexual maturity - require food * Most rodents resemble mice - rabbits - shrews - weasels - seek food * Most rodents survive in dangerous environments - thrive in habitats * Most rodents transmit diseases - parasites - typically eat seeds and plants * Most rodents use claws * Most rodents weigh few ounces * Some rodents are located in ecosystems - sources of food in parts of the world - avoid heat - become extinction - can carry hantaviruses and are never sick * Some rodents carry food in cheek pouches * Some rodents cause extinction - illnesses - sickness * Some rodents consume animals - grain products * Some rodents destroy crops - harvest * Some rodents eat animals - bait - birds - caterpillars - locusts - ragweed seeds - rodent bait - truffles - enter homes * Some rodents feed on crops - woodlouses - get pneumonia * Some rodents have color - either internal or external cheek pouches that open near the angle of the mouth - molars that grow all of the time much like the front teeth - numbers - quills - yellow color - hide in mountains - invade homes * Some rodents live in Africa - arctic tundra - individuals - trees * Some rodents live on dry seeds * Some rodents make good pets - up diets - mate for life - move jaws - pick up viruses * Some rodents play active roles - ecological roles - important ecological roles - significant ecological roles - prefer forests - provide parental care - rely on corn - resemble wombats - serve as predators - share territory - spread spores - survive years - transmit germ. * Most rodents are small. Examples of commonly known rodents are mice, rats, chipmunks, and squirrels. Some other small rodents sometimes kept as pets are Guinea pigs, hamsters, and gerbils * There are more species of rodent in the world than all other mammals put together. * account for up to forty percent of the entire mammal species. * also are responsible for moving large amounts of soil - can burrow under the mulch and chew off the bark - dig pits searching for acorns, onion bulbs, and beetle grubs - soil our indoor environments with urine and rodent feces * are Snowy owls' natural prey, particularly lemmings. * are a common host but chiggers can attack a variety of other animals and humans - prey for vipers - commonly studied by professionals of all three fields - major cause of first-year saguaro mortality - much better model for humans - primary food source for snakes, which are known to snuggle up to warm objects - almost as numerous as bats * are also responsible for large losses of grain - significant vectors of disease - very popular pets * are an important part of the diet of many carnivorous mammals andbirds - source of rabies - at the base of many food chains in the wild and in cities - basically nocturnal - beneficial in several ways - carriers of viral, rickettsial and bacterial diseases - creatures of habit and prefer to follow the same runways they usually use - deathly fearful of the ferret's scent - far more susceptible to cancer induction than humans - found native on all continents except Antarctica * are highly social animals and use many of thier senses to comunicate - socialanimals and use many of their senses to communicate - least abundant in the tobosa and burrograss areas * are mammals characterized by upper and lower pairs of ever-growing rootless incisor teeth - that interfere with people, or cause harm to crops and livestock - meat - more apt to be seen or heard shortly after dark and in the early morning - mostly herbivorous, but yes, they are opportunistic omnivores as well - native to every continent except Antarctica , living in a number of different habitats - normally active at night, and generally avoid humans * are particularly addicted to sweets and foods with sugar - sensitive to hormonal stimulation when tested for tumorigenicity - perhaps the most stable and successful of all orders of mammals - placental mammals - placentals - quadrupeds - quite intellegent and can master simple tasks when conditioned - relatively abundant and seek winter homes - reservoir of cutaneous leishmaniasis - significant reservoirs of rabies * are small mammals like rats and mice * are the most successful and diverse mammals on the planet - mammals in terms of geographical distribution - widespread and numerous mammals on earth - natural hosts and maintain the organism in the environment * are the natural hosts for all hantaviruses - known hantaviruses - prey of many animals - primary reservoir hosts of all recognized hantaviruses - reservoir for hantavirus - typically very small and quick, fleeing to avoid capture - used widely as model organisms in animal testing - warm-blooded mammals that, like humans, can be found throughout the world - well haired over most of their body * become more abundant by late spring * can also enter homes through toilets - and do get sick or injured * can be a real problem with fruit trees in the winter when food is scarce - the worst enemy in the cultivation of ginseng * can be transport hosts for the roundworms of cats and dogs - roundworms of dogs and cats - very destructive - carry a number of diseases * can carry and spread some bird diseases without being affected themselves - the bacteria - numerous diseases and are extremely destructive - contaminate stored foods, silverware, dishes, or food preparation surfaces - damage electrical wiring, causing short circuits and fires - easily remove unsecured bait - live on the spilled and surplus food from bird feeders and dog and cat food - smell the old urine from other rodents - squeeze through any opening that their head can fit through * can survive almost anywhere except the sea - in small areas with limited amounts of food and shelter - thrive in such places, especially in cold weather * carry and excrete the virus without adverse health effects - shed the soft ticks within structures, such as cabins - diseases and damage or even destroy homes as a result of their continuous gnawing - fleas and other parasites into buildings - hantavirus and plague, both of which can be fatal to humans - it and spread it through their feces * cause a great deal of anxiety for occupants of infested buildings * cause extensive damage to properties by gnawing on wood and wiring, often causing fires - economic damage by gnawing on structures and wiring, causing fires - some people to jump on chairs and scream, often falling and braking bones * chew away a complete ring around plant stems, effectively girdling saplings. * come in many shapes and sizes. * commonly act as a source of infection on farms where the disease is endemic. * comprise the bulk of the diet. * consume and contaminate feed and spread numerous diseases. * consume and contaminate significant numbers of the worlds food supply every year - percentages of the world's food supply every year * contaminate more food than they eat and in so doing, many diseases are transmitted - our food supplies with potentially harmful germs and bacteria - ten times more food than they eat * create problems. * damage plants. * do damage - typically dominate aggressively, but it isn t true of humans * don t respect the status of their human housemates. * eat a variety of different foods including leaves, fruit, seeds, and small invertebrates - almost everything used as food by man - and ruin food, damage property and spread disease - dates * exhibit behavior * feed chiefly on roots, seeds, and green crops. * frequently serve as bioindicator to monitor the quality of the environment. * generally have well-developed senses of smell , hearing, and vision. * greatly outnumber other mammal groups in the forest. * grow fluff and contemplate burrows. * have a generalized, rather than specialized, type of brain and placentation - higher esterase activity then primates - notorious reputation as carriers of diseases and parasites - advanced cognitive abilities - both negative and positive impacts on humans - bulbous eyes * have four toes on their front feet and five on the hind feet - high rate of reproduction - kidneys * have large front teeth for gnawing and cheek teeth for chewing, like squirrels and gerbils - lots of natural predators - no pointed teeth called canine teeth - oily hair leaving smudge marks where they consistently travel - only a single upper pair of incisors * have only one pair of upper incisors - set of teeth their entire lives * have sharp front teeth that never stop growing - used for gnawing grains, nuts, and seeds - skin under their fur - strong claws that they use to dig burrows and hide from predators - taste * have teeth that are specialized for chewing and gnawing - continuously grow - their own order, Rodentia - very keen hearing and sense of smell but have poor eyesight - wide-ranging morphologies, but typically have squat bodies and short limbs * include mice. - cells - heads - skulls * inhabit habitats. * leave narrow teeth marks when feeding on branches. * like to chew on motor winding insulation in the winter time - have nesting material - live close to where they can find food * living in the south-eastern Australia are known to change their diet from summer to winter - on garbage or spoiled food prefer something fresh * make up the bulk of their diet, along with an occasional ground-nesting bird. * mark territory. * memorize specific pathways and use the same routes consistently. * migrate to adjacent farms and homes and create health and nuisance complaints. * moving at night often scratch, gnaw, and fight. * occur in many habitats, from tundra to deserts, living high in trees or underground burrows. * often eat the pupae in the soil - feed on the prepupae and pupae in the duff - hoard food, such as seed or dog food, in their nests - plant seed * prefer protected places in or near buildings. * primarily disperse non-fleshy fruits as a consequence of seed predation activities. * provide a hormone called ratatouille which prevents a form of cat weirdness known as miasma. * readily chew through wood and thin plastic. * release large amounts of protein in their urine as a normal physiological process. * reproduce by internal fertilization , and have a great variety of mating rituals - rapidly, and small populations become full-blown infestations in very little time * seem to steer clear of grass and alfalfa hays. * shed hantavirus particles in their saliva, urine and droppings. * show less variation in body plan than many other mamillian orders - sex differences in the same brain areas * sometimes attack the roots - destroy bulbs * species diversity in pine forests recovering from fire. * tend to be rapid breeders - build their nests from materials that are soft, fuzzy, or warm * typically require material to gnaw upon since their teeth are constantly growing. - their teeth to chip away at their food * would have problems - serious problems + Order (biology), Examples of orders: Taxonomy * Rodents are an order. Rats and mice are in one family. Squirrels belong in another family. + Skin: Integumentary system * Rodents have skin under their fur. Mice have skinned tails with little hair barely able to see.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent: Agouti * also emit a very strong odor. * are rodents. * enter territory. * have mouths. * includes brains - breasts - cell membranes - chest cavities - chests - corpi - cytoplasm - heads - nuclei - pedal extremities - piluses - plasma membranes - rib cages - sections - sterna - vacuoles - vertebrate feet * increases insulin sensitivity and fat accumulation. * live in areas * lives in family groups composed of mating couple and their offspring. * looks like a close relative of guinea pig.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent: Beaver * All beavers have two pairs of unusual glands at the base of the tail - very sharp, large front teeth that they use for cutting * Most beavers affect arthropod communities * Most beavers alter habitats - landscapes - build dams - collect food * Most beavers construct dams - shelter - wooden shelter * Most beavers consume foliage - roots * Most beavers create bluebird habitats - forest habitats - ideal habitats - wetland habitats - depend on their ponds as places to meet all living, food, and protection needs - develop senses * Most beavers eat aquatic plants - bark - diets - trees - vegetable diets - feed on bark - go into dams * Most beavers have anal glands - bones - characteristics - coats - ears - epiglottises - eyelids - flaps - flat tails - incisors - innate ability - inner flaps - life - lungs - many places - materials - nasal bones - nephrons - peculiar characteristics - prominent incisors - scaly tails - skulls - social skills - stumps - transparent eyelids * Most beavers inhabit areas - streams - water * Most beavers live for many years - look larger than they really are because of their humped backs and thick fur - occupy streams - produce milk - reach adulthood * Most beavers require deep water * Most beavers search for habitats - suitable habitats * Most beavers survive in habitats - natural habitats - use incisors - utilize dams - weigh pounds * Some beavers alter paths - are killed by coyotes - attack humans - build entrances - carry parasites - defend territory * Some beavers eat bark twigs - dead fish - feed on leaves - have thin films - leave homes * Some beavers live in Europe and Asia - north american states - mate for life - seem to like to girdle large pines and sweet-gums * abound, and numerous migratory waterfowl build their nests in the river basin - creating temporary wetlands that provide habitat for many other species * actively scent mark with castoreum and secretions from their anal glands. * add to habitat diversity through their foraging and dam-building activities. * also build canals to float building materials that are difficult to haul over land - burrow into banks which causes an erosion problem on ditch banks - carry a protozoan called giardia - cause problems in subdivisions and along public roads and bridges - create open spots in riparian forests, leading to a more varied forest structure * also eat shrubs, ferns, aquatic plants, grasses, and crops, including corn and beans - water plants, and especially like the roots and tender sprouts of water lilies - have anal and castor glands, which they use to mark their territory * also help shape riparian habitat - to protect water quality by slowing stream flows - live in and around the lake - play an important fole in the formation of some marshes - store fat in their tails for the long, cold winters - symbolize gentleness and wisdom in some cultures * also use their tail to warn others of danger by abruptly slapping the surface of the water - others of danger by slapping the surface of the water * are a common sight along the marshy wetlands of East Texas and Southeast Texas - active at all hours, but they can be seen mostly in the mornings or evenings * are active in several spots - the wetlands, ponds, and brooks - usually in morning and evening - year round * are also abundant - among the species which can be hunted only with rifles - important in the management of river and wetland habitats * are among the biggest of rodents - largest of the rodents - animals - as big as modern day bears - beard - capable of building dams across virtually any stream or small river - crepuscular, meaning they are active at the twilight times of dawn and dusk - drawn with white incisors - ecosystem engineers - engineering geniuses, building both dams and lodges during their busy lifetimes - extremely important for our forests - famous for the construction of dams - from five to seven years old, usually in kindergarten, grade one, or grade two - generally active only in the early moniing or evening - gentle social animals that have a strong inhibition against biting - gentle, reasoning beings who enjoy playing practical jokes - hard for an animal to kill because they can dodge into one of their plunge holes - herbivores - incredibly beneficial to the environment - known for building and keeping dams in rivers * are large, aquatic, partly nocturnal rodents - compact rodents with flat, leathery tails * are located in beaver dams - beds - bodies of water - books - cartoons - countrysides - dens - dictionaries - earth - faces - fresh water - history - huts - jungle - mackinaws - maines - museums - nature - new jerseys - parks - small rivers - stew - strip clubs - traps - wildernesses - wooded areas - woodlands - zoos - near dams - mainly nocturnal - mammals - members of the rodent family - monogamous and produce only one litter per year, usually in late spring or early summer - monogamous, living in family groups in lodges or in pond banks - no different - nocturnal animals * are nocturnal, but are occasionally active during the day - which means they are most active at night - numerous and destructive to trees by the river - on of the largest rodents on earth - one of Missouri's most common and least visible animals - part of helmets - people - present in all of Maine * are primarily aquatic and are excellent swimmers - animals, and the largest rodents in North America - nocturnal but sometimes begin work in the afternoon - primary consumers - pure vegetarians, subsisting solely on woody and aquatic vegetation - related to mice, porcupines, rats, and squirrels - relatively short and squat, with are large rump - rodents, as are Norway rats and squirrels - semiaquatic - slow on dry land but quite mobile in the water * are social animals and tend to live in large communities - strict vegetarians, and the aquatic vegetation that grows in ponds supplies summer food - the ONLY animal shown to be source of human disease * are the largest rodents in North America and Eurasia, the only places they are found - second largest rodent - size of a puppy dog - youngest members of the Scouting community - typically social and peaceful animals, with a strong family structure * are usually active from dusk to dawn cutting saplings and trees or shrubs to acquire food - monogamous, meaning they have one mate for life - vegetarian, eating water plants and willow bark, and grazing on grass - wary and often work at night - water dwelling animals - well-known for their engineering skills, particularly in building dams * are, by nature's measuring stick, probably one of the most beneficial of all animals. * become active at sunset and end their activity at sunrise * bring about changes in drainage by building dams with branches and mud. * build and maintain houses called lodges. * build dams across mountain creeks and create small ponds and marshlands - as well - by falling trees - for two good reasons, food and protection * build dams from earth, rocks, and wood - logs and mud if there are no open expanses of water to live in - in order to make the water too deep to freeze in winter - on streams and creeks * build dams that change the course of streams and create ponds - to change their environment more to their liking - with their strong teeth and tails * build dams, birds build nests - but they still have big teeth - transforming streams into ponds * build lodges in marshes and other areas where the banks are too flat to dig bank dens - which to live and raise young - sophisticated lodges out of sticks and mud - their houses of brush and of trees that they cut down * busily work on their dams and distinctive houses and cut tree limbs for their winter food. * cache food for the long Alaskan winter by stock piling branches in their pond. * can cause cause problems for some endangered plants and animals - extensive flooding and considerable damage by cutting trees * can dam a stream to form a pond - irrigation canals preventing water from flowing to farmland - energetically afford to go only so far for their sources of food on land - hold their breath up to fifteen minutes - live anywhere aquatic habitats are found - make quite an impact on a meadow, like creating a lake - stay submerged for up to fifteen minutes - struggle underwater for up to twenty minutes before they drown - survive on grasses and tubers of water lilies - undermine dams and roads built by humans - usually control water depth and stability on small streams, ponds, and lakes * cause damage - extensive damage - serious damage to roads across North America, primarily by plugging highway culverts * change the landscape with the dams they build. * conserve heat in the freezing water with a thick layer of fat covered with dense underfur. * construct bank dens and lodges for shelter and for raising their young - their conical lodges across streams using mud, stones, sticks, and branches * continue to grow throughout their lives. * count on bevy of backs to carry load. - dams primarily out of mud and sticks to flood a particular habitable area - excellent habitat for other animals too, such as moose and waterfowl - meadows and ponds used by ducks, otters, moose, and other creatures * create wetland habitat for other wildlife like - wetlands and expand riparian zones * distinguish between dominant and subordinate intruders. * do a lot of good work when they build their dams in the right places. - only plants - plant matter, bark, twigs, and buds of different trees * eat the bark and build dams and lodges with the stems - off the trees * eat the inner bark of trees, that is called the cambium layer - bark, twigs, leaves, and roots of trees and shrubs - cambium layer on willow, aspen, and poplars * eat vegetable diets * face problems. * feed off of fish and waterfowl. - marsh grasses, roots, barks and twigs - their sweet bark and build dams with their branches * flood small watersheds, killing trees and crops and causing excessive amounts of turbidity. * fold their front legs under their chests while swimming. * frequently reside by rivers. * generally are willing partners on projects undertaken by humans, given the opportunity. * give birth during the spring. * have a highly organized social structure - short, small body with a broad, round head with small ears - special passage from their nose to their throat which connects to the upper lungs - unique winter survival strategy among Alaskan mammals - wide body - wide, flat tail that looks like a paddle and is covered by scaly skin - an average of four young once a year - broad, flat tails - build materials - few natural predators - fewer kits when occupancy reaches a certain level and food becomes scarce - fur that is rich chocolate brown with light gray and their teeth are orange and yellow * have large webbed hind legs that act as paddles when they swim through the water - winter food piles which they store in deep water * have long incisors that grow constantly - whiskers - long, sharp teeth known as incisors that are used for gnawing * have many adaptations for their woody diet - uses for the trees that they cut down - noses and ears that close when the beaver is in the water - orange teeth - small front feet and large webbed hind feet - small, short ears and have been known to stand using their hind feet only * have two eyelids, one for sleeping and one for swimming - other sacs, one on each side of the urogenital opening, which secrete an oil - very wide, flat tails, which serve important purposes on both land and water - wide, hairless, flat tails * help children learn basic social skills and gain self-confidence. * helps children learn basic social skills and gain self confidence. * hide their food in underwater tunnels so they can make use of it in the long winter periods. - cells - vertebrate feet * instinctively try to block or dam water that sounds like it is draining an area. * lead their busy lives along woodland streams. * learn to share belongings and experiences. * like to eat young willows - stay out in the rain because their fur acts like a raincoat - keeps water out - swim around in ponds and lakes * live along streams - and work nearby building in thickets of pine, popple and red alder - by rivers, streams, ponds, and lakes - closely within a family unit * live in North America, Europe, Scandinavia, Finland, Siberia, and Mongolia - about half of all the counties of Illinois * live in burrows in stream banks or lodges of mud, stones and tree branches - or in lodges in stream banks - close knit families in secure homes - colonies of four to ten - dens along the banks of the Colorado - families that include an adult pair and one to three years worth of offspring - forests in North America and in parts of Europe and Asia * live in ponds, lakes, rivers, marshes, and streams all across North America - and streams all across the United States - rivers, streams, and freshwater lakes near woodlands - shelters called lodges - small family groups in or near fresh water * live in the far north of Canada, western Canada, and on the prairies - lodges during both the summer and the winter - mostly in the uninhabited wilderness of the United States and Canada * look like they enjoy swimming. * love to eat the bark and leaves from the trees that they fell. * maintain and defend territories, which are areas for feeding, nesting and mating - wetlands that can slow the flow of floodwaters * make a dam foundation by wedging large branches or logs into the bottom of the stream bed - funny noises like a bark - large mud and wood lodges that they stay in when the pond behind the dam freezes - their dams out of, mud, sticks, stones, and debris * mark territory. * modify waterways, creating wetland habitat and flooding uplands. * move in and out of the area as their food sources become abundant or scarce - onto land to cut woody vegetation both for building materials and for food - to locations * often build dams in waterways containing populations of federally-protected fish - enormous lodges of sticks and logs which protrude above the water - their dams in places that cause problems for people - leave scent mounds along the shores of streams and ponds - use scent mounds along the shore * only chew on wood. * open eyes. * possess design features * possess other amaze features * prefer slow waters. * prosper in maple, aspen and willow environments. * provide a valuable fur resource - natural irrigation ponds - valuable habitat for endangered animals and plants * push out their boundary and make dams. * range in color from yellowish brown to black, with reddish brown the most common color. - their peak of activity after the snow has melted and the spring rains begin * reproduce sexually. * respond to intrusion. * run wild. * seek territory. * seem to keep the same mate for life. * slap their tails on the water to give a warning. * start construction by diverting the stream to lessen the water's flow pressure - their lives with their eyes wide open and with all their fur * store food for winter use. * take only one mate during their lifetime - turns cutting down large trees with their their ever growing teeth * tend to make areas even more inviting for otters - remain near the lodge with the approach of dawn - select trees within a hundred yard radius of their building grounds * think to build dams and huts. * travel good distances from their homes to find food. * typically start building dams in low lying areas with shallow, moving water. * use black cottonwood for food and building materials - castoreum in combination with urine to scent mark territory - it for food and to build dams and lodges * use mud and sticks to build dams - stones for the base of a dam * use their forepaws to move mud and small stones from the stream bottom to the dam site - strong front teeth called incisors to cut down trees - tail as a rudder - teeth to cut down trees for their dams - whatever materials are available to build dams * usually have a litter of four kits who live with their parents for two years - store enough food to stay put during the chilly months of winter * work constantly building dams, storing food, and constructing homes - interdependently - mostly at night	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| beaver: Eurasian beaver * Some eurasian beavers feed on leaves. * are also monogamous creatures, just like their buddies across the pond. North american beaver * construct dams. * have bones - life - nasal bones Young beaver * Most young beavers have ability - reach adulthood - innate ability * move to locations. * seek territory.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent: Capybara * Most capybaras avoid predation - dive into water * Most capybaras eat grain - grass * Most capybaras feed on aquatic vegetables * Most capybaras have coats - glands - heads - scent glands - sweat glands * Most capybaras live in areas - climates - environments - grassy areas - hot climates - natural environments * Most capybaras reach maturity - sexual maturity - stay with mothers * Some capybaras die of pneumonia. * Some capybaras have body mass - front teeth - long front teeth - natural predators - structures - live for years - look like guinea pigs - prefer vegetation * adapt easily to life in captivity and become remarkably friendly * also engage in coprophagy, the consumption of their own feces - have an extremely short, barely visible tail, located on their rear end * are a kind of mammal called a rodent - type of cavy - excellent swimmers * are herbivores and graze on a variety of grasses, aquatic plants, fruit and tree bark - only eat vegetation * are herbivores, creatures that eat plants - meaning they are plant-eaters - herd animals * are highly sociable animals - social, and fare poorly when kept alone - mammals - non-aggressive rodents - plant eaters - semi-aquatic mammals * are semi-aquatic, spending a lot of time in the water - which means they spend a lot of time in the water - slightly clumsy on land, but are excellent swimmers and divers * are social animals, living in groups controlled by one dominant male - the biggest rodents in the world * are the largest existing rodent in the world - living rodents - usually healthy in captivity, as long as they receive proper care * are very dependent on water and are well adapted to it - fussy eaters - gregarious - useful animals - vocal - well-suited for living in and near the water * can breed anytime during the year. * communicate with barks, whistles, clicks, squeals, and grunts plus smell. - plants, mostly grass * engage in scuffles. * have a membrane between their toes, providing webbed feet for swimming - large, round bodies and small heads - little or no tails - no tail and short legs with webbed feet - reddish-brown hair and two long front teeth that are typical in rodents * includes brains - breasts - cell membranes - cells - chest cavities - chests - corpi - cytoplasm - faces - nuclei - pedal extremities - piluses - plasma membranes - rib cages - sections - skulls - sterna - vacuoles - vertebrate feet * inhabit water. * live in grassy areas - wetlands or close to rivers in many parts of South America * mate in the water just before rainy season * protect themselves in a different way than other animals do. * resemble guinea pigs and their blunt head is perhaps their most notable characteristic. * sometimes hide in floating vegetation, too * spend a lot of time chewing on tough grasses to keep the teeth from growing too long * tend to dive into the water to hide from predators. * use their long, sharp teeth for grazing on grass and water plants. + Capybara, Lifestyle: Rodents * Capybaras live in grassy wetlands or close to rivers in many parts of South America. In the morning, evening, and at night they eat grass, mostly on land. They spend the hottest hours of the day in the water. They are good swimmers and divers. Webs between their toes help them swim. They can only hold their breath under water for about five minutes at a time. * Capybaras eat plants, mostly grass. Their babies are usually born in litters of four at one time. They can start to eat grass once they are about a week old, but they will also keep nursing from their mothers and even from other grown females until they are about four months old. They live in large groups, usually 10-30 capybaras together. Some groups have even had 100 capybaras.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| capybara: Young capybara * are eaten by foxes, vultures, and wild dogs. * can become very tame, and can be trained to walk on a leash like a dog.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent: Cavy * Cavies are VERY vocal creatures, making sounds like cueee, woot, and assorted warbbley whistles - guinea pigs - rodents - social animals, preferring to live in herds - very sensitive to the ammonia in urine - can become as tame as rabbits if handled frequently * Cavies come in a wide variety of colors and combinations of color patterns - several different breeds with the main difference being in the coat - drink varying amounts of water * Cavies eat food - solid food * Cavies have anal glands - anterior glands - coats - rough coats * Cavies includes brains - breasts - cell membranes - cells - chest cavities - chests - corpi - cytoplasm - ears - faces - heads - nuclei - pedal extremities - piluses - plasma membranes - rib cages - sections - skulls - sterna - vacuoles - vertebrate feet - inhabit arid regions - live in small family groups - love attention and they like to be with other guinea pigs * Most cavies eat food * Most cavies have anal glands * Some cavies are killed by predators.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent: Chinchilla * Many chinchillas are bred commercially for their fur. * Most chinchillas are very timid and shy - belong to families - eat plants - enter juvenile stages * Most chinchillas have diets - dry eyes - ears - habits - necks - normal temperature - short limbs - tails - teeth * Most chinchillas live for years - in environments - retain weight * Most chinchillas sit on hind legs * Some chinchillas can develop health problems due to an over-growth of molars. * Some chinchillas eat hay - rough hay - grow throughout life * Some chinchillas have chins - defense mechanisms - diarrhea - follicles - infection - layers - ulcer * Some chinchillas live in areas - deserts - dry deserts - lose weight - occupy mountains * Some chinchillas sit on feet - rear feet - suffer from tooth disorder * Some chinchillas survive on desert grass - when isolated, suffer from boredom and refuse to eat or resort to fur-chewing * also come in beige, black, and with hints of purple. * are a small rodent native to South America, found in rocky, arid areas in the mountains - related to squirrels and guinea pigs - type of rodent - about the size of a small rabbit * are active and like to run, jump, and play - in the evening and during the night - affected by the full moon and become more active on a bright moonlit night - also most active in the evening hours - basically healthy rodents, as long as they are kept in a clean, healthy environment - coating - covered in thick fur for a reason - creatures of habit with strong internal clocks - endangered due to exploitation of the animal for fur * are extremely clean, have no natural odor, and are generally very healthy animals - intelligent , and they can learn the names of their cagemates - famous for their beautiful bluish-grey fur, which is extremely soft and dense - fanatical in their grooming habits - generally robust little animals but sometimes health issues arise - great pets - hind-gut fermenters with a relatively long gastrointestinal tract - located in pet stores - mammals - most active in the evening and at night - native to Chile and Peru * are nocturnal and live in colonies - so are at rest much of the day * are nocturnal, sleeping during the day and very active at night - which means they spend most of the day sleeping or napping * are one of the friendliest and cleanest animals - softest animals in the world - primarily nocturnal animals with activity peaking at dusk and dawn - quick, perky little animals - quiet and are nocturnal - regarded as an exotic animal - related to guinea pigs and porcupines * are rodents native to the Andes mountains in South America - that are native to the Andes Mountains of northern Chile - rodents, but pikas are related to the hare and the rabbit, they are 'lagomorphs' - seasonal breeders * are sensitive to heat, humidity, and drafts - small furry animals, between a guinea pig and rabbit in size - social animals who are playful, intelligent, loveable, and inquisitive - the coolest animals - thought to be smarter than rabbits and can be taught to play with humans - unusual in that they are a blend of both - vegetarians and they consume roots, grass, plants, fruits etc - vegetarians, primarily grass and seed eaters * are very active animals, and like lots of exercise - active, have a lot of energy, and love to climb - clean and have almost no body odor - energetic and love to climb and jump so the larger the cage size the better - furry and come in lots of colours - sensitive to giardia - a parasite commonly found in drinking water - small and fragile animals * are very social and do well in pairs and groups * bathe in a very fine dust that gets everywhere. * become sexually mature between six and eight months old - when they are around eight months old * can become very attached to their keepers - drink water from valve waterers or sipper-type bottles * can have excessive shedding as a response to stress - one to six kits per litter, with two being average - jump several feet in the air, and can squeeze through tiny spaces - live happily in groups, or can be kept alone * can make a variety of vocalizations - noises that sound a lot like a squirrel when it is alarmed in a tree - spray urine and females tend to be much better at it with incredible aim - tell the difference between voiced and voiceless consonants * come from the Andes Mountains of South America - in many colors * communicate through sounds. * cool themselves by sending blood into their large ears. * do eat hay and take dust baths which can cause a problem to some people - nibble to show affection and to check out a new person - require dust baths several times a week - special chinchilla pellets, hay, and water as a basic diet * exhibit a predator avoidance mechanism known as fur slip - symptoms * get food - it by eating feed contaminated with raccoon droppings * give birth by sitting up and hunching over, or squatting. * handle cold weather better than hot weather due to their heavy coat. * have a broad head with large ears and eyes, small forelimbs and a long, hairy tail - chorioallantoic-type placentation - cycle - great temperament, and they each have their own personality * have a long bushy tail - gestation period compared to other rodents of their size - life expentancy - lot of lanolin oil in their fur - powerful scent they can put out in their urine when provoked - very sensitive digestive system - an insatiable desire to gnaw - broad heads, large ears, and large black eyes with vertical slit pupils - defenses such as losing fur, biting, and spraying urine - extremely large auditory bullae relative to the other genera - large incisor teeth that grow continuously throughout their life - long hind limbs which are adapted for leaping * have no other way to cool themselves so they can overheat in a matter of minutes - specific mating season and breed any time in the year - small front legs compared to their hind legs - such thick fur that overheating danger - teeth that can grow longer than their bosy length in one year's time - very little odor if their cages are kept clean * includes brains - breasts - chests - corpi - sterna - vertebrate feet * is fur * like to chew. - high up in the Andes Mountains in South America by Chile - groups just like grey wolves and bald eagles , and they mate for life * look like long-tailed rabbits, but with smaller ears. * love to have someone to cuddle with - sit as high as they can be * make a variety of squeaks, squeals and odd sounding barks. * make great pets for many reasons * moult heavily twice a year and shed some hair all year round. * naturally eat for long periods of time, mainly during the night - grasses, leaves and twigs * need cages - homes * originate from the Andes high up in Peru. * require a lot of plant fiber in their diet. * resemble rabbits. * sometimes chew their own fur. * take a single mate for life. * tend to eat with their hands and often throw out a lot of pellets thus causing wastage - pee in one corner of the cage * usually acquire the infection orally - do very poorly under even light anesthesia * vary in temperament. + Pika: Lagomorphs * Pikas' are small mammals that resemble chinchillas. Chinchillas are rodents, but pikas are related to the hare and the rabbit, they are 'lagomorphs'. Pikas are also known as 'rock rabbits' or 'coneys'. There are 30 different species of pika. * In their usual habitat, chinchillas live either in burrows, or in crevices of rocks. They are good jumpers, and can jump very high. Chinchillas live in colonies. The females are much bigger than the males. Predators in the wild include hawks, skunks, felines, and canines.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| chinchilla: Female chinchilla * Many female chinchillas have irregular cycles. * Some female chinchillas lose weight. * are highly sexually active, in heat for half of the year - mostly monogamous * have a postpartum estrus.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent: Dormouse * Most dormouses eat insects. * Most dormouses feed on insects - vegetation * Most dormouses have brown fur - eyes - predators - tails * Most dormouses use bark - peel bark - secretion * Some dormouses become pests - die from starvation * Some dormouses eat berries - buds - go into hibernation * Some dormouses have breathe problems - distinctive rings - expectancy - life expectancy * includes brains - breasts - cell membranes - cells - chest cavities - chests - corpi - cytoplasm - ears - faces - heads - nuclei - pedal extremities - piluses - plasma membranes - rib cages - sections - skulls - sterna - vacuoles - vertebrate feet * inhabit mix woodlands * require food. - materials - shred materials ### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| dormouse: Edible dormouse * Most edible dormouses inhabit mix woodlands. * Some edible dormouses become pests Female rodent * Some female rodents play active roles * lick the anogenital region of their young. * play an active role in choosing their mates.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent: Gerbil * All gerbils are adapted to arid habitats - have a scent gland in the middle of their tummy * Most Gerbils become sexually mature by the age of three months old. * Most gerbils are allergic to the oils in cedar, and some are also sensitive to pine - diurnal , some are crepuscular * Most gerbils attain maturity - sexual maturity * Most gerbils eat favorite food - grain - vegetables - establish colonies - find food - gain weight - give birth to offspring * Most gerbils has-part glands - nipples - tails - teeth * Most gerbils have behavior - coat color - growth - metabolism - tendencies - years * Most gerbils inhabit regions - steppe regions * Most gerbils live in burrows - climates - dry climates - three to four years and have few health problems - make waste - occupy regions * Most gerbils possess fur * Most gerbils reach maturity - receive water - rely on senses * Most gerbils require food - much water - resemble rats - show behavior - sleep and wake in short cycles throughout the day and night - use water - weigh ounces * Some gerbils are member of families - can be aggressive, especially when being picked up, or startled - carry rabies - construct burrows * Some gerbils develop cysts - tumors * Some gerbils dig burrows - soil - eat nuts - get cancer * Some gerbils have babies - bottles - patches - hide in sand - ingest plastic - keep beds * Some gerbils live in colonies - love baths - make burrows - move arms - possess babies - reach ages * Some gerbils require beds - homes * Some gerbils sell in pet shops - show symptoms - steal food * Some gerbils suffer injuries - serious injuries - thrive in sand * Some gerbils use long tails - watch gerbils. * The 'Gerbil' family of rodents. There are approximately 110 species of gerbils. All gerbils are adapted to arid habitats. At one time, gerbils were known as 'Desert rats'. Most gerbils are diurnal, some are crepuscular. The gerbil is native to Central Asia, India, the Middle East, and Africa. The average length of a gerbil is usually between six and twelve inches, this includes the tail which makes up one half of the total length. The gerbil is also a common household pet * adapt to a wide range of ambient temperatures. * also enjoy chew sticks, paper towel tubes or tissue boxes - have a long, hairy tail with a tuft at the end, while mice have almost naked tails - like to hide and sleep inside enclosed spaces, so place a small box inside their cage - love cardboard * are a nuisance to look after - very active animal - about the same size as a small hamster - active, social and curious about their environment - allergic to sawdust, cedar wood shavings, and sometimes, pinewood shavings - bright and inquisitive little animals - burrowers, social and form monogamous pairs - chewers so the cage needs to be secure enough to prevent an accidental escape - domestic pets - easy to raise with basic care - equally active in the day and night - especially clean animals - fascinating creatures to watch because of the variety of behaviors they exhibit - feisty colony animals - friendly, curious, and nearly never bite when treated well - furry little creatures with a long tail that has a tuft of fur at the end - highly social animals that form tightly knit family groups called clans - hunted by birds such as owls and hawks mainly - inquisitive, playful, curious and friendly animals and fun to watch - less nippy, but much faster if they get away - mammals that are native to northern China - mostly vegetarian in their feeding habits - native to Mongolia, where they burrow to escape the desert heat - naturally shy but are social, inquisitive, and can bond well with their human family - nocturnal - noisy, smelly, and bad tempered - notorious for food hoarding - one of the cleanest friendlist classroom pets available - playful, inquisitive, and friendly animals - popular, easy to care for pets - prey animals in the wild - relatively inexpensive to purchase and feed and require only minimal space and care - similar to hamsters in their needs - slightly smaller - small desert rodents - small, sleek rodents with large black or pinkish eyes * are social animals in the wild and tend to fair better when coupled with another - that often live in large communities - which tend to cohabitate well together * are social animals, and live in groups in the wild - so it's best to get at least two - susceptible to experimental infections with many viruses - sweet animals that can be a lot of fun - the easiest of the rodents as far as maintenance - tremendously intelligent animals, both in their natural environments and in captivity - typical desert animals - usually friendly, so they also make nice pets for children * are very affectionate rodents and enjoy giving and receiving love - curious and active - friendly creatures that like to be picked up and held * are very intelligent, and capable of developing individual characteristics - entertaining animals that love to play - social creatures so ideally live in pairs or colonies - warm blooded and are mammals * breed at night - readily in the laboratory environment * can also catch flu. * can be great first pets for children - sensitive to bright lights, loud noises, people, or animals - become extremely tame and are really perfect pets - easily get their feet caught in wire - have a litter once a month - hop, using their long tail as a balance - jump out of ten-gallon tanks quite easily - sometimes loose teeth - squeeze through very small spaces and are great jumpers - swim quite well * come in a variety of colors, but usually have white fur on their belly. * commonly develop hair loss on the nose and muzzle with open lesions and crusting. * conserve both water and fat extremely well. * contain about a quart of blood. * create a good deal of dust from their chewed-up nesting material. * display symptoms of stress in ways similar to other mammals. * do tolerate a wide range of temperatures and have very few natural diseases. * eat a mix of rodent pellets, seeds, fruits and vegetables, and insects * enjoy sunflower seeds, alfalfa pellets, vegetables and nuts. * excrete little urine, and fecal pellets are hard and dry. * follow their instinct and keep their nest clean by eating dead or sick pups. * get reproductive when they reach sexual maturity at the age of three months. * have a large, ventral abdominal marking gland that is androgen dependent - different personalities than hamsters - few spontaneous illnesses - fur on their tails - keen hearing - large eyes and ears and long hind legs - much less odor than other rodents, such as rats and mice - some form of colour vision, but it is quite dissimilar to human vision - very few diseases and are very healthy - faces - nuclei - plasma membranes - sections - vacuoles * inhabit clay and sandy deserts, bush country, and arid steppes * instinctively take good care of their offspring, and no owner intervention is required. * like to explore their environments. * live a happy and active but short life. - deserts and grasslands * love hammocks and rope toys * love to chew - dig and tunnel, creating different rooms underground - hoard food in large stores - run, tunnel and explore * make a high pitched squeak - but mainly as youngsters - great pets for both adults and children - very good pets * mark their territory by rubbing their scent gland on it. * mate for life, in pairs or triads - the night of the birth * means reality and surety. * mostly survive off of the food available in their area. * naturally eat seeds of various grasses, bulbs and a range of leaves and herbs. * need diets. * normally live longer than mice, rats, hamsters and other small pets. * often live together in large colonies. * represent few potential health hazards to people keeping the animal as a pet. - fresh food and water every day - sandbathing to keep their coats from becoming oily * seem prone to stroke. * spend much of their time foraging. * stop producing young around the age of two and a half years. * suffering from colds tend to shiver and huddle up, in an effort to stay warm. * take care. * tend to be extremely aggressive towards other small rodents - happier with more than one mate in their cage - sensitive to loud sounds and sudden movement - eliminate in one area of the cage, keeping the rest of the cage fairly clean - get their tails caught between the bars - live in family groups in the wild * test their enclosures constantly. * thrive in solid bottom cages with deep bedding and ample nesting material. * use methods * usually give birth in the early hours of the morning and labour can last for a few hours. * usually live for three to four years - to be about three years old - stay near their burrow system, also when they are foraging * walk and scamper on all four limbs and flee in running leaps when alarmed. * will have bellies - black eyes - ruby eyes - white bellies	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| gerbil: Female gerbil * Most female gerbils reach maturity * Some female gerbils develop cysts - have nipples * are more prone to abdominal tumors and ovarian cysts. * have more obvious nipples. Great gerbil * are found in arid habitats, predominantly in sandy or clay deserts. * live in family groups and occupy one burrow per family. Jird * are closely related to gerbils - highly social and are best kept in small same-sex groups or pairs * includes brains - breasts - cell membranes - cells - chest cavities - chests - corpi - cytoplasm - ears - faces - heads - nuclei - pedal extremities - piluses - plasma membranes - rib cages - sections - skulls - sterna - vacuoles - vertebrate feet * live on gravel and sandy plains. Male gerbil * Most male gerbils attain maturity - sexual maturity - have fur * Some male gerbils develop tumors - have patches * are frendlier to each other. * have a bald patch of dry skin in the middle of their tummy - prominent testicles, meaning their testes sacks can easily be seen Pet gerbil * Most pet gerbils have years. * are also available in a variety of colors, including white, albino and black - available in a variety of colors, including white, soft caramel and all-black Wild gerbil * Some wild gerbils construct burrows. * eat primarily roots and seeds.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent: Hamster * ALL hamsters reproduce very quickly. * All hamsters are alert, active, and eating and drinking normally - creatures who like to eat carrots * All hamsters have short legs - tails for their small body * Many hamsters only blink one eye at a time. * Most hamsters also have a wheel to run on for exercise - are active during the early to late evening and throughout the night * Most hamsters are descended from female hamsters - golden hamsters - single female wild golden hamsters - strictly solitary * Most hamsters carry babies - protozoans - depend on diets - develop growth - dont live long - eat food - give birth to hamsters * Most hamsters has-part eyes - skin - teeth * Most hamsters have diets - front feet - glands - healthy diets - life - metabolism - nasal discharge - noses - runny noses - scent glands - vegetarian diets - wet tails - hide in burrows - like to eat mealworms - live for years * Most hamsters live in burrows - lose energy - make urine - move food * Most hamsters possess chromosomes - hair - offspring - reach adulthood * Most hamsters require food - water - sell as pets - sleep all day - stand on paws - survive in habitats - thrive in cages * Most hamsters use feet - walk on paws * Some hamsters are allergic to certain types of bedding - member of families - sure to relish finely chewed pieces of curtain to line their nests - very social, while others are loners * Some hamsters can have disorder - muscle disorder - come from steppes * Some hamsters develop conditions - infection - intestinal infection - pockets - drink regular water, and some drink water to which a medicine has been added * Some hamsters eat grain - insects - meat - several different meat * Some hamsters feed cholesterol diets - fat diets - high fat diets * Some hamsters have allergies - bacterial infection - breeds - head injuries - serious allergies - viruses - infect animals * Some hamsters infect with equine viruses - kill hamsters - lose appetite - love vegetables - only have teeth * Some hamsters possess diets - produce offspring * Some hamsters reach maturity - puberty - respond to sugar * Some hamsters suffer heart problems - liver damage. * Fluffy bedding is dangerous for hamsters. Plain toilet paper is also a cheap, safe option, so is straw. Hamsters eat mostly hamster food sold at a pet shop, but they also eat almost any vegetables and fruits in very tiny portions. Hamsters store food in the sides of their mouths. They need a water bottle with fresh water to drink from, and something to chew on to trim their teeth. Hamster teeth grow constantly. If they do not like chewing you will have to cut their top teeth. Toilet paper rolls and pieces of cardboard are not advised, as the hamster may choke or try to eat it. Most hamsters also have a wheel to run on for exercise. * store food in the sides of their mouths. They need a water bottle with fresh water to drink from, and something to chew on to trim their teeth. Hamster teeth grow constantly. If they do not like chewing you will have to cut their top teeth. Toilet paper rolls and pieces of cardboard are not advised, as the hamster may choke or try to eat it. Most hamsters also have a wheel to run on for exercise. Some people get other kinds of exercise equipment for their hamsters, like an empty ball that the hamster can roll around the floor or a long network of tubes with air holes for it to crawl through. When using the hamster ball, let the hamster roll in it for 15 to 20 minutes. If they roll too long, they might get too tired and overheat. When letting your hamster out always keep an eye on it. Hamsters may look slow, but are truly very fast * also enjoy playing in tunnels and caves - like grass, clover and dandelions - make a good pets * appear to be highly susceptible to infection, with high morbidity and mortality. * are Nocturnal. * are a favorite among pet owners - good beginner pet because they are fairly easy to care for - active at night - adapted for living in deserts and fertile lowland steppic grasslands - aggressive species and they only meet at the time of mating * are also cool - often prone to cheek abscesses - useful for decorating packages - born to run * are capable of burrows - having multiple litters - characterized by their short tails, furry ears, stocky legs, and wide feet - clever and curious companion animals that make great pets for just about any household - crepuscular or nocturnal - delicate, skittish and very squirmy when touched - difficult to catch once they get away and hide - docile animals if they are treated kindly and given a comfortable cage - easy to care for and enjoy attention - fairly neat in their bathroom habits if their enclosure is regularly cleaned - fat and fuzzy - favorites with children - but they can bite and their bites can draw blood - friendly and easily tamed * are great little creatures to have as pets - pets and can easily become good friends over time - hardy pets requiring few visits to the vet - like squirrels in that they store their food - mammals - native to the Middle East * are natural hoarders and are notorious for stockpiling their food - naturally nocturnal * are nocturnal animals, so it's best to start in the early evening - which means they are active at night - but do have short periods of activity in the day - by nature - creatures, which means that they like to sleep all day - so think carefully before placing their cages - omnivores but lean more to a vegetarian diet - omnivores, meaning they can eat and digest a wide variety of food types - omnivorous, which means they eat both vegetables and meat * are popular pets both at home and in school classrooms because they are easy to care for - for children * are primarily herbivorous and they feed on vegetable and plants matter - nocturnal species - quite shy creatures - sleeping mostly during the day - rodents and resemble tiny bears - seasonal breeders - slothful and live by the labor of others * are small animals which are kept as pets * are small, soft animals with a fair temperament - they are tailless, rodents with big cheeks * are solitary animals - but tend to be nocturnal - territorial animals - tough, robust animals - unaffected by a dose of dioxin that is lethal to a guinea pig - unusual in the caged pet group in that they can catch colds from people * are very active - flexible, but their bones are somewhat fragile * are very fond of eating crickets - fruits and vegetables and other plants matter - healthy animals - much smaller than the smallest humans are - noctural and spend most of the day in a very deep sleep - vulnerable to an unusually large number and variety of benign cancers * attract attention. * avoid broken legs and strangulations. * become fertile at different ages depending on their species. * bite only when they are frightened - people either because they are scared or because their owner's hand smells like food * can also catch a cold if the cage is exposed to draughts or are bathed - be great pets - chew through cardboard quickly - cry - develop diabetes - eat small slices of lettuce - get respiratory infections that can lead to pneumonia - have small bits of lettuce, carrots, apples, broccoli, and tomatoes - live to be three to four years old - make quite messy pets - multiply - start breeding as early as two months of age - t see very well, and they aren t the most agile or sure-footed creatures * clean themselves. * conserve energy during winter by hibernating and reducing their body temperatures. * do have a propensity to escape - scent glands on their flanks which can be dark and sometimes alarm owners - tails but it is extremely short - very well in solid bottom cages with deep bedding and ample nesting material * drink water through bottles with a metal dispenser. - grains, seeds, grasses, fruit, roots, stems, and small animals like worms and insects - lots of things * enjoy having fun. * exhibit a great variability of response to administration of parenteral anesthesics. * feel touch. * fill their cheek pouches with air before taking the plunge. * find places. * has-part backs * have a loose skin and can easily slip out of inexperienced hands - low zoonotic potential - pretty short life span, so they mature very quickly - relatively short life span - babies also - cases - cheek pouchs - cheekpouches which they use to collect food - long tails, gerbils have short ones - one of the quickest reproductive rates in the animal kingdom - plenty * have serious cases - short life spans - teeth and they can bite - very poor eyesight * hump people. - breasts - heads - nuclei - sterna * like to chew - eat seeds, grains, nuts, cracked corn, fruits and vegetables - eat, sleep, and run their wheel - hoard or store food in their cheek pouches - run on their wheels at night - life much quicker than humans * love attention - the cardboard tubes found inside rolls of toilet paper and paper towels * love to chew - curl up in a coconut shell - dig, burrow, and chew - eat crickets - shred and hide in cardboard tubes from toilet paper or paper towel rolls * make excellent pets for young and old alike * need diets - fluid - pain - proteins - special diets * pull the cotton apart, often stuffing it into their cheeks. * really hate cold, draughts and damp. * receive water. * require a quiet place during the day, and a place where they can be noisy in the evening - weekly cage cleaning or sometimes twice a week and no grooming - only minimal care - veterinary care to ensure they stay healthy and live as long as possible * run on their wheels at the same time every day. * seem to especially enjoy exercise wheels and other activities. * should have diets - low sugar diets * sleep all day long, and are up all night chewing and running in their wheel. * suffer from their own prion disease, called scrapie, to which mice are completely immune. * tend to be active at night and sleep during the day. * tend to have relatively short life spans when compared with other species - lifespans when compared to other species - solid-bottom cages with deep bedding and ample nesting material * typically live one to two years, but can live up to three years in captivity. - their whiskers ,or vibrissae, to aid detection of objects to explore their environment * usually continues as normal, eating but probably drinking more to avoid dehydration. + Category:Hamsters: Pets :: Rodents + Syrian hamster, Anatomy, Skeleton, Limbs: Hamsters :: Syria * All hamsters have short legs. Because of this, their legs have small bones which make them easier to break or fracture. Obese hamsters are more likely to have problems with their legs.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| hamster: Dwarf hamster * Most dwarf hamsters have growth - metabolism * Some dwarf hamsters develop conditions. * Some dwarf hamsters eat meat * Some dwarf hamsters reach maturity - sexual maturity * are about half the size of golden hamsters - gregarious, and are more people oriented than their Syrian relatives - much more sociable than the more common Syrian hamster - native to the wilds of Mongolia - susceptible to cold viruses just like humans - the smaller variety of hamsters, and they are known for being more sociable * have a plumb body, expandable cheek pouches and large eyes * need diets Golden hamster * Most golden hamsters live for years. * Some golden hamsters have breeds. * are domestic pets - mammals - native to the Middle Eastern country of Syria - quite happy kept as single animals and often fight if kept in groups - solitary animals in the wild * mark their burrows with secretions from special scent glands on their hips. Obese hamster * are more likely to have problems with their legs. + Syrian hamster, Anatomy, Skeleton, Limbs: Hamsters :: Syria * All hamsters have short legs. Because of this, their legs have small bones which make them easier to break or fracture. Obese hamsters are more likely to have problems with their legs. Pet hamster * Most pet hamsters are descended from female hamsters - single female wild golden hamsters * store food. Syrian hamster * Most Syrian hamsters are a light reddish brown color with a grayish white underside. * are mostly golden, but they can come in a variety of colors - much more nocturnal and become irritable if awakened during the day - one of the larger hamster breeds - solitary and territorial * have a short hair and they are also known as dwarf hamsters or teddy bear hamsters. Wild hamster * live in the desert, but people all over the world keep domesticated hamsters as pets. + Hamster * Wild hamsters live in the desert, but people all over the world keep domesticated hamsters as pets. All Syrian hamsters are the descendants of 12 baby hamsters found in Syria in 1930.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent: Hedgehog * All hedgehogs are similiar in how they look and what color they are. * Many hedgehogs die each year from a number of hazards, many of which are caused by man. * Most hedgehogs are classified as insectivores - can fit in an adult's hand - come out at nights - enter into hibernation - establish territory - gather food * Most hedgehogs have glands - infection - large ranges - lifespans - long legs - loose skin - organs - respiratory infection - sides - skin glands - unique appearances * Most hedgehogs inhabit different areas - geographic areas - live up to years - maintain hibernation * Most hedgehogs make heavy breathe noise - search for food - survive in conditions * Some hedgehogs adapt to environments. * Some hedgehogs are bitten by snakes - trained to litter boxes - become pests - can also develop abscesses in their mouth - carry fleas - cause infection - collect food * Some hedgehogs develop illnesses - relate illnesses - enter hibernation * Some hedgehogs go into hibernation - through phases * Some hedgehogs have ability - ages - patterns - structures - hibernate during winter * Some hedgehogs lose baby teeth - body weight - reside in gardens - roll into balls - scratch when nervous or exploring - use tongues * are a docile, non-aggressive, ancient species - powerful form of pest control - about the size of a large hamster, although some species can get a bit larger * are also a food source for some larger animals - abundant in urban and suburban areas - quite low maintenance, and they are nocturnal - among the most familiar small mammals in Europe - born blind - both insectivorious and carniverous - commonly allergic to wood oils - covered with a protective spine of quills on their back, and have soft, fuzzy bellies - cute and curious mammals - eighteen to twenty five ounces when grown up * are found in Europe, Asia, Africa and New Zealand - and Africa - most parts of Britain, apart from very wet areas and extensive pine forests - insectivores by nature * are mammals and like all mammals their young are born alive - that have been around for millions of years - masters at escaping and can fit through anything their little head can fit through - mostly nocturnal but can be awake some times during the day * are native to Africa, Asia, Europe and have been introduced to New Zealand - mainland Britain and are also found throughout northern and western Europe - nocturnal , but gymnures are less so * are nocturnal and are quite active in the evenings - hibernate during the winter - some can get very irate if woken up during the day * are nocturnal animals and hunt for food between the hours of nightfall and daybreak - that sleep in the day and are awake at night - insectivores that hibernate in colder climates - members of a very primitive order of mammals called Insectivora - one of the few mammals that are true hibernators * are primarily nocturnal animals, so they are most active at night - in nature - rather lonely creatures, and they are easily starting fights with each other - relatively close to the ground and are in constant contact with their bedding - shy * are small exotic pets that are becoming increasingly popular - spiny coated animals * are solitary animals with overlapping habitats - creatures that make their home in grass or in holes under the ground - solitary, avoiding other hedgehogs, and have an attachment to a very small home range - still fairly rare as pets, but are becoming increasingly more popular all the time - susceptable to worms, fleas, mites, and other common pet parasites * are the only British mammal with spines - opposite, climbing high up the internal hill - thermo-sensitive, coping poorly with extremes of temperature - usually solitary, usually pairing up only to mate * are very healthy eaters - resistant to insect toxins, chemical poisons, and snake venom - weapons - wild, non-domesticated animals, although bred and kept in captivity * build nests of moss and leaves under vegetation around parks, gardens and farmland. * carry several diseases, but none that are dangerous to humans. - with all different personalities * disappear during the dry season and probably estivate. * do like to climb so multi-level cages can make great homes. * eat a variety of things - wide variety of prey - fruit - insects, snakes, small mammals, birds, and birds eggs - slugs * emerge from hibernation, snuffling loudly as they feed, mate and fend off competitors. * enter and leave their burrows headfirst, turning inside the tunnel * exhibit similar behavior at high temperatures. * feed on insects, slugs, mice, frogs, young birds, and carrion. * forage at nights. * give birth to one to seven babies which are born with the spines just below the skin. * have a body system similar to most other mammals - coat of stiff, sharp spines - relatively long life span for their size - an amazing immunity to most things that are toxic - barbless spines on the back and sides, and hair on the face, limbs, and underparts - better chances - coarse hairs on their face, legs, and underparts * have long legs - spines , or quills , made of keratin - no significant natural predators - poor eyesight so rely mostly on hearing and smell to locate and catch their prey - powerful legs and strong claws and are good at digging - spines that cover their entire back and top of their head - the same problem as many other small mammals who live around humans - three generations of spines in their lifetime - very long tongues * includes brains - breasts - cell membranes - cells - chest cavities - chests - corpi - cytoplasm - faces - heads - nuclei - pedal extremities - piluses - plasma membranes - rib cages - sections - skulls - sterna - vacuoles - vertebrate feet * inhabit areas. * just eat and eat and eat. * live in a big cage with wood chips - small garden or bushy areas, or small woods - predominantly solitary lives * make a variety of vocalizations including squeals, grunts, snuffling and even sneezing - their own nests out of leaves and other garden debris * may have trouble. * need food. * normally shelter by day and go out at night. * often cross roads but have no protection against cars - scratch a bit when they first wake * prefer dimmed lighting and quiet corners. * produce saliva - very little dander * progress by means of a waddling walk or trot with the spines directed backward. * provide a valuable insect pest control service. * reach sexual maturity in the second year after they are born. * react adversely to negative states of mind. * rely heavily on their hearing and so are very responsive to sound. * rely on senses - their sense of smell to compensate for their poor vision * require exercise to satisfy their desire to forage and to avoid obesity. * respond negatively when their owners are stressed. * show attraction - strong attraction * sleep during the day in any dark place they can find. * weigh ounces. + Erinaceidae, Characteristics * Hedgehogs are nocturnal, but gymnures are less so. Many species live in simple burrows, while others build temporary nests on the surface from leaves and grass, or shelter in hollow logs or similar hiding places. Erinaceids are solitary animals outside the breeding season, and the father plays no role in raising the young. + Hedgehog, Description * Hedgehogs have long spines, or quills, made of keratin. They do not come off easily, unlike porcupines, but in baby hedgehogs, the baby quills drop off and are replaced with adult quills. When they are very stressed or sick, their quills can fall off, too. Their quills are not poisonous.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| hedgehog: Spiny hedgehog * Most spiny hedgehogs have unique appearances. * have appearances Infected rodent * appear to be persistently infected and viruric. * carry and secrete the virus for about seven days. * shed live virus in their saliva, droppings, and urine - the live virus in saliva, droppings and urine - virus in their urine, feces, and saliva Jerboa * have toes. * includes brains - breasts - cell membranes - cells - chest cavities - chests - corpi - cytoplasm - ears - faces - heads - nuclei - pedal extremities - piluses - plasma membranes - rib cages - sections - skulls - sterna - vacuoles - vertebrate feet * live in deserts. * use sound. Large rodent * Most large rodents consume matter. * Some large rodents look like beavers. * are more apt to survive an attack by a rabid animal and do sometimes develop rabies.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent: Lemming * Most lemmings are solitary animals, only coming together to mate - three to six inches in length and weigh less than four ounces - attract predators - die of causes * Most lemmings have offspring - teeth * Most lemmings live in regions - on terrains - survive on diets - weigh ounces * Some lemmings cause misfortune - defend territory - die of diseases - eat twigs - enter sea * Some lemmings have ability - fur - stumps - tails - inhabit slopes - survive on vegetation * also have sharp little teeth which helps the lemmings to gnaw through tangles of roots. * are able to reproduce less than a month after being born. * are active all year - during both the day and the night - also active - another food source for the Arctic fox * are found in Arctic and subarctic regions of North America, Europe and Asia - only in the Northern Hemisphere - herbivores with a main diet of moss and grass - herbivorous heterotrophs and eat plants that grow in the tundra in northern Alaska - important animals in their ecosystems - little, furry animals with short, skinny, furry tails - mammals, thus they always have the same body heat - mouselike rodents that live in treeless areas of northern Canada - one of the only true Arctic rodents, and they prefer to reproduce in winter - probably their most favoured prey - quite rounded in shape with brown and black long, soft fur - seen flying into the water * are small beetles that only eat plants - creatures who do what they're directed to do - mouse-like animals that live in the tundra - rodents related to muskrats * are small rodents that feed on plants - look like guinea pigs - with an unusual reputation - small, furry animals with short tails and long whiskers - smalls - surprisingly solitary animals , only coming together to mate then separating again - the staple food for Arctic foxes - video games * belong to the rodents. * can also explode. * commit mass suicide by jumping off cliffs * dive from a cliff. * eat willows and herbaceous plants. * exhibit both diurnal and nocturnal active, often active both night and day. * fall at constant velocity but are destroyed if they fall from too great a height. * feed mainly on leaves, grasses, shoots and bulbs, occasionally storing food for winter use. * get an urge to move when local conditions become too crowded. * have a large number of predators - very short tail, a stubby, hairy snout, short legs and small ears - long claws on their forefeet and sharp teeth for gnawing roots - plasma membranes - rib cages - vertebrate feet * live in Arctic and subarctic regions - colonies and dig burrows in the snow - some of the coldest environments on the planet * make nests out of grasses, feathers and musk ox wool - paths through the grass, under roots or under snow, called runways * migrate in summer - sporadically every few years when their population explosion * move to the right or left and sometimes climb. * never think about why they jump off cliffs. * occupy areas. * play a large and significant role in their ecosystems - similar role wherever they are found * prefer high cliffs. * search for food. * sometimes have population booms. * spend most of their lives alone, only coming together to mate. - the cold primarily for two reasons * tend to be aggressive toward one another. * vary in colour. + Lemming, Life: Rodents * Many lemmings leave to find a new home, when they run out of food and space. Soon, millions of lemmings decide to follow the crowd. They go across the Arctic as a huge mass. Foxes and owls kill many of them. Some drown when trying to swim across rivers. ### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| lemming: Brown lemming * eat only live plant parts. * inhabit open tundra areas.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| lemming: Collared lemming * are the only rodents that molt to a camouflaging white for winter. * turn white during winter, an adaptation to their snowy environment. * use higher and drier sites, and brown lemmings the lower and wetter ones. Male rodent * Most male rodents have bones. * have a bone called the baculum, or penis bone Mara * Most maras eat grass. * Some maras have african heritage - legs - undersides - white undersides - live for years - mate for life * are rare among rodents in that they mate for life. * dig burrows. * includes brains - breasts - cell membranes - cells - chest cavities - chests - corpi - cytoplasm - faces - heads - nuclei - pedal extremities - piluses - plasma membranes - rib cages - sections - skulls - sterna - vacuoles - vertebrate feet<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| marmot: Alpine marmot * Most alpine marmots eat plants. * Some alpine marmots develop adaptive strategies - survival strategies - emerge from hibernation * Some alpine marmots prefer alpine meadows - starve to death. * It can be found in mountain regions of central and southern Europe. It is the third-largest rodent on the European continent. The Eurasian beaver and the Crested porcupine are both larger than it. Alpine marmots mature in their third year. For this reason, marmots live in family groups of up to twenty animals. Alpine marmots have been around since the ice age. Today, their range is limited to the higher mountain regions * are able to breed once they reach an age of two years - adapted to cold climates - mammals * have two different alarm calls. * live in grazed sub-alpine pastures and higher elevation alpine regions. * reproduce annually. * spend all spring and summer getting as fat as they can in preparation for winter.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| marmot: Groundhog * All groundhogs hibernate at wintertime. * The 'Groundhog' rodent. It is also called a woodchuck. It belongs to the group of ground squirrels. Those squirrels are also known as marmots. The animal may also be called 'Woodchuck', or 'Whistlepig'. Groundhogs dig tunnels and live underground. Every single hole, may have tunnels which lead to as many as ten other holes, the tunnels are very large and can have chambers, like rooms, in them. Groundhogs can make their homes under trees, around buildings and in open fields. * are a burrowing animal - able to mate and have offspring when they are one year old * are also abundant and commonly recognized - warm blooded - at their maximum weight before entering hibernation - bands - destructive and prolific animals - easy to trap * are excellent burrowers, using burrows for sleeping, rearing young, and hibernating - diggers, constructing a burrow with a main entrance and an escape tunnel - great diggers with curved thick claws - herbivores and eat leaves, clover, flower stems, tree bark and berries - mostly herbivorous - nervouw and run to their burrows when there is danger - one of the few animals to truly hibernate - really exclusively herbivores - rodents and primarily eat healthy vegetables and salad items - small animals - solitary and herbivorous animals * are the largest members of the squirrel family - species in the squirrel family - more solitary then other marmots - well adapted for digging, with short but powerful limbs and curved, thick claws - woodchucks * belong to the same order as beavers and rats. * can be a major problem as they feed on canola - menace to homeowners with gardens * continue to be a major problem in many soybean fields. * create tunnels for sleeping, living, protection and hibernating. * eat a broad variety of vegetation, and especially favor domestic legumes - green vegetation * generally live alone. * get their name because for the most part, they travel on land. * have an incredible sense of hearing and smell - chisel-like incisor teeth that enable the animal to gnaw well - winter and summer burrows * hibernate one to a burrow, with at least two doorways - over the winter * line their home with grasses and leaves. * live in burrows underground and are hibernating mammals - open fields, open woods, valleys and plains * retreat to their burrows when danger is spotted. * tend to hibernate in burrows. * usually have two separate dens.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| marmot: Hoary marmot * Most hoary marmots feed on grass. * Most hoary marmots have dark brown feet * appear to drink almost daily and they have frequently been observed eating snow. * are active about four and a half months each year - diurnal and herbivorous , subsisting on leaves, flowers, grasses, and sedges - mammals * have cinnamon or brown heads and necks, with white edges around their noses and lips * live in high mountains near timberline, alpine meadows, and talus slopes - loose colonies, taking advantage of their neighbors' watchfulness * populate mountainous areas, and woodchucks are found in the lower open woodlands. * reach sexual maturity at two years of age. Olympic marmot * are diurnal and terrestrial animals. * eat herbs, grasses, and flowers. * identify each other by touching noses and smelling of cheeks. Vancouver island marmot * have ranges. * live in burrows - underground burrows	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| marmot: Woodchuck * Many woodchucks are killed on roads by automobiles. * Most woodchucks eat bark - emerge from burrows - enter burrows * Most woodchucks have body mass - bushy tails - incisor teeth - senses - toes - love vegetables * Most woodchucks produce loud sound - whistle sound * Some woodchucks belong to families - cause death - develop antibodies - dig holes * Some woodchucks eat food pellets - have predators * Some woodchucks infect with viruses - woodchuck hepatitis viruses - inhabit fields * adapt well to many habitats, as seasons and conditions change. * are a common farm and garden pest - pest, but only because of the dens that they burrow in pastures and other fields - active during the day * are also blind when they are born - very destructive * are among the few mammals that enter into true hibernation - true hibernators found in Massachusetts - busy foraging on plant material and storing up fat for hibernation - common and abundant in Massachusetts * are common throughout Connecticut - the state - cute, furry creatures * are diurnal and feed on grasses and forbs - so they hunt for their food in the daylight hours - drawn to properties that have easy access to food and water sources - fairly large animals and are related to the squirrel family - found in western and eastern portions of North America - good climbers and sometimes are seen in lower tree branches - groundhogs, which are no hogs - herbivorous feeding on the new foliage of plants - ideal laboratory animals in which to study liver cancer and hepatitis - in no danger of becoming extinct, even with the threat of deforestation - known for building extensive underground burrow systems * are most active during early morning and late afternoon when they are feeding - one of the few mammals that enter into true hibernation - particularly fond of legumes, including alfalfa and vetch, clover, peas, and beans * are primarily active during daylight hours - rodents, and they are very prolific - skilled at climbing and digging - solitary and are most active in early morning and late afternoon - specially adapted to dig - they have short powerful legs and strong claws * are stocky little animals with a flattened head - mammals, with short, strong legs and a short, bushy, almost flattened tail - terrestrial and fossorial, creating burrows with elaborate passageways * are the best-known hibernators among mammals - largest squirrels in Illinois * are true hibernators and spend nearly half of the days of a year in a hibernative state - hibernators, relying soley on body fat for winter survival - usually highly agonistic - vegetarians - very sanitary at their den sites - voracious feeders * breed at one year of age. * can also undermine pools - be wary of entering traps - cause a lot of costly damage to lawns, gardens, fences, and foundations - create a wide variety of vocal noises - dig up to three entrances to one den - literally mow a garden - produce several sounds * cause damage. * climb trees - well, ascending and descending trees head first * defecate in toilet chambers they dig underground. * do aerate the soil. * do, however, have the continuously growing incisors characteristic of rodents. * feed primarily on grasses, clover, alfalfa, wheat, corn, soybeans, and berries - vegetables, trees, grasses and legumes * forage and eat at almost any time of the day. * generally feed in field borders or gardens close to their dens. * grow rapidly. * have a dense gray undercoat with a long, light brown coat of guard hairs on top - chisel-like incisor teeth - excellent eyesight and are able to climb trees in order to escape an enemy - one litter per year - short powerful legs and short ears - small ears and large black eyes - the ability to bite and scratch if they are cornered or threatened * hibernate during the winter. * includes brains - breasts - cell membranes - cells - chest cavities - chests - corpi - cytoplasm - faces - nuclei - pedal extremities - piluses - plasma membranes - rib cages - sections - skulls - sterna - vacuoles - vertebrate feet * inhabit burrows. * leave signs of their activity. * like to navigate through fairly high vegetation. * live in burrows they dig into the ground - which they dig in dry, well-drained soils - open grasslands, pastures, and woodlands - primarily underground in burrows dug on land with a slight slope * look very similar to a beaver except without a tail. * love fresh vegetables - vegetable gardens * maintain sanitary den sites and burrow systems, replacing nest materials frequently. * mark territory. * often cause only minor damage to properties - problems in agricultural and sub- urban areas - dig many side tunnels and two or three back entrances - live on forest edges near expansive pasture - sit on their haunches and pull plants over with their forepaws * pose problems - serious problems * prefer a mixture of open farmland, woods, fencerows, and roadsides * prefer open areas and forest edges for their habitat, and dig extensive burrows - to feed in the early morning and evening hours * produce about four young and virtually all females breed annually. * seem to prefer to construct burrows on or near farm land where crops grow. * use burrows for mating, hiding from predators, and hibernation - strategies	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent: Mouse * All mice are animals, and all animals are dangerous, so some mice are dangerous. * All mice have bilateral cataracts - cateracts - six legs, and all six-legged things are grey * MICE chew on books to make bedding for their nests - look for a steady source of food supply * Many mice are nocturnal or partly nocturnal - scurry along the ground, but some can hop or jump * Mice adapt well to laboratory housing and can be housed socially or individually - also cache food as supply permits * Mice also eat grass roots - the eggs of ground-nesting birds like juncos and ovenbirds - enjoy eating the soft calfskin used for gaskets and seals in various parts of an organ - feed on seeds from ALL plants - have a keen sense of hearing - make different corticosteroid hormones from it than do people - metabolize more of inhaled benzene than do rats - reproduce within months, much more rapidly than sheep - seem to be a desirable food item for a very large variety of carnivores * Mice appear only within rather narrow parameters of size - to be more resistant than rats to the effects of orally administered furfural * Mice are a much smaller sized mammalian species than rats, thus more suitable for space missions - pretty good source for the various nutrients that it needs - valuable model in which to explore whole-animal physiology * Mice are able to jump to and from great heights, and can climb any grippable vertical surface - squeeze through extremely small openings narrower than the diameter of a dime - active at night and feed from several sites around the nest * Mice are active mostly at night, but can be seen occasionally during daylight hours - but they can be seen occasionally during daylight hours - almost ideal for genetic research * Mice are also cheaper and easier to house than rats - on congenial terms with certain non-rodent species - popular skunk meals during the fall and winter - basically omnivorous, but it myth that they love cheese - bilaterally symmetrical, meaning that they have two symmetrical sides - born hairless and with their eyes closed * Mice are by far the most common laboratory animal used for research - commonly used animals in British laboratories * Mice are capable of climbing straight up rough surfaces such as concrete, brick and tree bark - reproduction at an early age and breed continuously, regardless of season - carriers of diseases and germs - comfortable within many habitats - coprophagic rodents - easy to care for * Mice are excellent climbers and can scale almost any wall having a rough surface - models for cancer research - swimmers and can remain under water for several minutes * Mice are extremely active animals with natural tendencies to explore their environment - sensitive to draughts - fertile animals because female mice come into heat every four to five days - fun toys for cats because they run around and are fun to try to catch * Mice are generally afraid of rats, which often kill and eat mice, a behavior known as muricide - less susceptible to anticoagulant baits than are rats - genetically very similar to humans - gray in color and weigh about of an ounce - hairless and can accept grafts from other species - hardy creatures that are found in nearly every country and type of terrain - household pests, and field mice do enormous damage to growing crops - important because they are the classic experimental lab animals * Mice are known as animals - prey - to be one of the most successful mammals in the world - like cockroaches with fur - littermates - more susceptible and less likely to survive if they become seriously ill * Mice are most active at night, so try when everyone else has gone to sleep - in between the dusk and dawn hours - mostly active at the evining - much like humans in how their bodies and minds work * Mice are much more commonly infested than are rats - efficient at getting rid of cholesterol than humans are - natural swimmers but they prefer to be on land or a solid surface - nibblers and eat only small amounts of food at any one time or place * Mice are nocturnal and very social - in habit * Mice are nocturnal, meaning they like to sleep during the day - with their peak activity at dusk or before dawn - notorious for scampering in without being seen * Mice are often a good model for humans since they share so many corresponding genes - problem during winters, especially when plants are mulched - shy, and hamsters tend to be nippy - omnivorous and in the field survive mainly on grass seeds, cereal and legume grains - only active nocturnally - polygamous, which means that male mice often mate with several different females - probably the smallest member of the rodent order - ready in days, cats and dogs in weeks, lions and wolves in months - refractory to parenteral exposure - reported to hate the smell of peppermint oil * Mice are rodents , therefore they are related to squirrels , rats , and beavers - whose teeth never stop growing throughout their lifetime - short-lived but take up very little space - small, they grow fast and reproduce quickly - social animals , preferring to live in groups - studied extensively, therefore much more is known about their genes than human genes - susceptible to tumors and they are common in middle aged and older mice * Mice are the most numerous mammals in the world - used models for human disease - widely used experimental animal - natural hosts - only natural host of the virus - traditional test animals in cancer research - tiny, hairy, mammals, big eyes, big ears, long tails, and pointed noses - used to living in sewers and in piles of the most odorous refuse known to man - valuable research animals that are genetically much more complicated than flies * Mice are very destructive to apple trees - low to the floor - nimble animals and can run very fast - voracious feeders and consume proportionately more food per day than rats - avoid predators * Mice become destructive pests - entangled in the glue when they run over the boards, soon dying of suffocation - sexually mature in just a couple months and produce about eight litters in one year - breathe very fast - they live short lives - breed continually, regardless of season and climate * Mice build nests of soft materials such as grass, paper, or cloth in hidden secluded areas - their nests there, and a mouse nest is always dry - burrow into walls, insulation, attics, crawlspaces and even upholstered furniture * Mice can also be the host for fleas, which can carry and transmit bubonic plague - damage stems - be the most frustrating animal on earth - become obese through genetic manipulation * Mice can become quite social if socialized correctly - tame if handled regularly but are small, fast, and can be skittish - breed at any time if food is available * Mice can carry and spread some bird diseases without being affected themselves - diseases that can be passed on to the birds - contaminate surfaces and food sources within homes - crawl through dime-sized spaces, so seal or screen even the tiniest openings - destroy boxes of comb in short order - devastate a hive - die if they are deprived of water for even short periods of time - dig seeds out of the ground * Mice can eat a variety of food, often tailoring their diets to their family group areas - almost anything - through cardboard, certain plastics, and other forms of containers to get at food * Mice can enter buildings through openings no larger than the size of a dime - the home through very small openings - through dime size openings - feel temperature changes and alterations in ground terrain through their whiskers - find their way into incredibly small spaces - flatten their body to the thickness of a coin - get by with little or no free water, although they readily drink when it is available - have a new litter of babies every three weeks - live in a freezer, below freezing all of their lives, feeding on nothing but frozen foods - mimic changes in humans - move very fast - represent the little irritations in life - run up almost any roughened surface - sense the presence of a cat and decide to move elsewhere - spread some bird diseases without being infected themselves - squeeze through openings slightly larger than inch in diameter - successfully build a nest even in a strong colony * Mice can survive in small areas with limited amounts of food and shelter - very small areas with limited amounts of food and shelter * Mice carry alleles - chromosomes - parasites * Mice cause damage - structural damage * Mice chew holes - come in a wide variety of colors and sizes * Mice come in all colors , coat types , sizes , varieties , and styles - shapes and sizes - sizes ranging form pinky, fuzzys, adult mice, young rats and then full grown rats - to any water source - with one, two or three pushbuttons - consume food - contain pheromone * Mice create holes - round holes - defecate wherever they travel but mostly where they feed - demonstrate deficiencies * Mice depend on diets - destroy grain * Mice develop all the types of cancer that humans develop - colon cancer - normally without tenascin - tumors at lower exposures to butadiene than rats - die in airtight space because air saturates with phlogiston * Mice display abnormal behavior - consistent behavior * Mice do a lot of damage, by chewing the bark off the stem of the plants - exist in Alaska but are rare outside of cities and towns - drink water * Mice eat a variety of foods and they especially like seeds, grains and nuts - foods, including fruits and vegetables * Mice eat grains , fruits , and seeds for a regular diet, which is the main reason they damage crops - and fruits for a regular diet, which is the main reason wild mice damage crops - grasshoppers - lemmings * Mice eat seeds, mushrooms, fungi, berries, herbs, insects, larvae, and carrion - plants and insects, though they are often considered herbivores - slugs * Mice eat the bark of the trunk and roots both above and below ground level - grass, snakes eat the mice, and hawks eat the snakes - weeds , seeds , berries , and more - employ a variety of methods of transportation * Mice enter buildings - kitchens - structures - exhibit anxiety - explore environments * Mice expressing mutant cardiac myosin heavy chains are a model for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy - myosin are a model for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy - fear the very smell of cats * Mice feed as nibblers - cholesterol diets - in fields - normal diets * Mice feed on a wide variety of foods but prefer seeds and cereal grains - fat diets - seeds, seeds, and more seeds, and in the fall, store large quantities - follow burrows - form the reactive intermediates ten times faster than rats and man * Mice frequently attack cereal crops when the seeds are at the 'milky' stage - develop tumors representing a wide variety of tissue types - gain weight * Mice generally give birth at night also - live on a herbivore diet, but are actually omnivores - survive for approximately one year - get sexually mature by eight weeks * Mice give birth to animals - offspring * Mice go to fields - up and down and side to side * Mice grow adult teeth * Mice harbor bacteria - microbes * Mice has-part ears - feet - flesh - glands - guts - hearts - organs - toes * Mice hate cats * Mice have a way of dying - well-developed anatomy * Mice have an abnormal attraction to sled airboxes - average life span of one year - extremely well developed sense of touch - balls that can be removed for cleaning - bellies - body weight - coats * Mice have dark coats - excretion - forelimbs * Mice have four leg-foot assemblies and one tail assembly per body - legs, four feet and one tail per unit-mouse - gut bacteria - healthy livers * Mice have keen senses of hearing, smell, taste, and touch - taste, hearing, smell, and touch - large eyes relative to size and elephants small ones - leave lungs * Mice have long tails that extend nearly half their body length, whereas voles have short tails - telomeres that are resilient to cell division, unlike human telomeres - mothers - no natural resistance to rattlesnake bites * Mice have normal bacteria * Mice have one set of teeth that grow and erupt continuously throughout life - their entire life - protein - renal excretion - single leave lungs - smaller heads and larger ears and eyes relative to the head compared with rats - the same systems as humans, all the same little organs, plus a couple more - thymus organs - tiny, delicate prints - to eat also - tracheae - unusual names - very poor eyesite - voracious appetites - white bellies * Mice hide in burrows * Mice includes brains - breasts - chests - plasma membranes - vacuoles - vertebrate feet * Mice infect prey - with bacteria * Mice inhabit areas - crop fields - regions - rocky areas - introduce more problems since their urine has a very strong odor * Mice invade environments - is synonymous with mouses - kill bugs - lack protein to bind key stress hormone * Mice lacking P-selectin develop normally - both presenilin genes exhibit early embryonic patterning defects - brain-derived neurotrophic factor develop with sensory deficits - dystroglycan die as embryos and exhibit gross developmental abnormalities - elastin die shortly after birth of arterial obliteration - extracellular superoxide dismutase are more sensitive to hyperoxia - ghrelin receptors resist the development of diet-induced obesity - glial fibrillary acidic protein are hypersensitive to traumatic cerebrospinal injury - myeloperoxidase are more susceptible to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis - neutrophil elastase reveal impaired host defense against gram negative pathogens - ob gene are obese * Mice lacking the gene develop no neuroendocrine cells in the respiratory tract - severe brain abnormalities - mahogany gene eat more and exercise more than normal mice * Mice lacking the myotonic dystrophy kinase develop a late onset myopathy - protein kinase develop a late onset progressive myopathy - newly discovered mahogany gene eat more and exercise more than normal mice * Mice leave droppings the size and shape of rice grains - small tracks in pairs side by side * Mice like to chew through things like that and hide inside - up the parachute for nesting material and can do severe damage in minutes - have something to make a nest in - live approximately one year * Mice live in communal settings where coupling, birthing and every other part of life is in the open - woods, fields, and buildings - outdoors all the time - successfully outside or inside buildings, in grass, trash or small holes in the soil - up to years - living alone tend to be more aggressive * Mice love to eat grass seed - nest in open pipes or airboxes * Mice make antibodies * Mice make nests in clothes, and insects lay eggs in grain - lined with the softest materials they can find - out of shredded paper, cardboard or other fibrous materials - sperm - mate incredibly often - missing the gene have significantly more blood vessels throughout their bodies - occupy small areas * Mice often invade homes or sheds in the fall - live in very close association with dogs and cats - only appear where there food source - periodically have more offspring than what their local food supply can feed - pick up viruses * Mice possess antigen - sensors * Mice prefer grain - seeds or cereals - the cover of tail grass, shrubs and leaf litter - prey upon pollen, honey, and bees during the winter * Mice produce a great number of young, but have a high mortality rate - concentrate urine - produced in the TMCL are specific pathogen free animals * Mice reach adulthood much faster than pets like dogs and cats - sexual maturity at two to three months of age - react to cramped quarters in a similar way * Mice receive food - relate to organisms - rely on pheromone - reproduce readily and plentifully * Mice require food * Mice resemble mice - return to fields - seek food * Mice seem to be moving their whiskers most of the time - the preferred item in their diet - prefer the larger female pupae to smaller male pupae - serve as prey * Mice share characteristics - reproductive characteristics - several characteristics - similar habitats - shed hair * Mice show characteristics - glucose metabolism - improve glucose metabolism - physiological responses - preference - several physiological responses - strong preference - sometimes burrow underground to eat the tubers, especially in winter - spread viruses - stand on legs * Mice survive environments - the elements by creating nests within chosen home territories - swallow food - take food * Mice tend to adapt to being surrogate dams quite easily - find strength in numbers - follow walls so set traps so the trigger is in their path * Mice tend to live for approximately one year - in unused pianos - transmit parasites - typically make a burrow underground if they live out in the wild * Mice use in experiments - smell to identify other animals as well as to find food - techniques - the cotton for nesting material * Mice use their forepaws to spread secretions from oil glands near their eyes - sharp pointy teeth to eat through materials * Mice usually are active at night both right after dark and between midnight and dawn - bring a host of predators wherever they travel - eat smaller feedings through a a couple of days - visit fields - void only a drop or two of urine at a time - weigh ounces * More mice ride on litters, some on the brims of the wider litters. * Most mice are active at night. * Most mice are known as animals - what are called opto-mechanical mice * Most mice become destructive pests - build nests in protected nooks, but some burrow into the ground * Most mice carry alleles - cause structural damage - communicate with a computer through a cord attached to a port on the back of the computer - compensate by using other senses such as smell and touch * Most mice create holes * Most mice depend on diets * Most mice develop antibodies * Most mice display abnormal behavior * Most mice eat cheese * Most mice enter burrows * Most mice feed cholesterol diets * Most mice feed on cereal grain * Most mice give birth to animals * Most mice grow adult teeth * Most mice harbor bacteria * Most mice has-part ears * Most mice have a ball that rolls along the desk surface - pointed snout with long whiskers, round ears, and thin tails - small cover that protects the ball hidden in the housing - track ball * Most mice have dark coats - fur with naked feet and pointed noses * Most mice have normal bacteria * Most mice hide in burrows * Most mice inhabit crop fields * Most mice invade environments * Most mice live in environments * Most mice make antibodies * Most mice possess antigen * Most mice produce concentrate urine - receive milk * Most mice require food * Most mice resemble mice * Most mice share reproductive characteristics * Most mice show glucose metabolism * Some mice also tolerate gentle petting. * Some mice are also immune to large amounts of the poison - classified as herbivores * Some mice are located on farms - attract animals - become scavengers * Some mice carry bacteria - mutation - null mutation - parasitic load - cause illnesses * Some mice destroy crops * Some mice develop infection - it spontaneously - metabolic syndromes - notochords - persistent infection - die from tumors - dig burrows * Some mice eat bugs - caterpillars - insect larvae - leaves - mealworms - seedlings * Some mice exhibit diseases - inflammation - renal diseases * Some mice exhibit severe inflammation - join inflammation * Some mice feed on bait - lichens - potato * Some mice have adult body length - average litters with average size babies too - dark color - expression * Some mice have grow prostate tumors - halves - lung cancer - measurable tumors - symptoms - tails that are as long as their bodies * Some mice hide in buildings - forests - wheel rims * Some mice infect livestock * Some mice infect with cancer * Some mice invade burrows * Some mice lack oxytocin receptors - physiological receptors - snouts - live along banks * Some mice live in England - barns - cheese factories - communities - countries - establishments - houses - prairie - tundra * Some mice live on coasts - gulf coasts - look exactly the same from the time they become pregnant to the time they deliver - pick up organisms * Some mice play in rooms * Some mice possess antibodies - genotype - ovaries - proteins * Some mice prefer diets * Some mice provide food * Some mice reach maturity * Some mice receive antibodies - geranium oil * Some mice require diets * Some mice resemble animals - seize prey * Some mice serve as food - important functions * Some mice show ability - acid levels - calcium deposition * Some mice spread diseases - spores - stand in barns - threaten livestock - thrive in cages * Some mice transmit diseases - wait for prey - walk on legs. * Mice are rodents, therefore they are related to squirrels, rats, and beavers. The words rat and mouse are sometimes used to mean the same animal, but that is not correct. Mice eat weeds, seeds, berries, and more. They are eaten by owls, foxes, and cats, amongst others - capable of pets - electrical devices - input devices * are located in apartments - backyards - boxs - cellars * are located in computer labs - stores - computers - corn fields - cornfields - countrysides - crawl space - cupboards - dead people - department stores - desktops - disney movies - empty buildings - garages - garbage - ghettos - grocery stores - internet cafes - living rooms - lofts - office buildings - offices - old barns - pantries - research laboratories - rice fields - schools - shelfs - shops - soup - space shuttles - staples - stew - terrariums - treadmills - warehouses - part of computers - small animals - smalls - used for moves - vermins * ascites fluid. * have fur * spermatocytes in early prophase. * strains with typical mammalian levels of complement activity. * tests hint at protein's role in lupus. + Computer mouse, Uses * The right mouse button is used to open menus that are different depending on where the cursor is. The other mouse buttons can do different things, depending on the software. Most mice have two or three buttons to click - mouse: Computer hardware :: Data input * Many mice have two buttons and a scroll wheel + Monarch (butterfly), Threats, Predators: Danaus * Overwintering Monarchs in Mexico are often eaten by Black-headed Grosbeaks. These birds are immune to the glycoside. Other birds, such as orioles and jays, have learned to eat only the thoracic muscles and the body parts inside the abdomen. These parts have less poison than the rest of the body. Some mice are also immune to large amounts of the poison. Over time, overwintering Monarchs become less poisonous. This makes them more likely to be eaten by predators. Butterflies of the East Coast'.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| mouse: Female mouse * Female mice are more sociable in captivity than in the wild - only receptive to male mice while they are in estrus - display less pain behavior than males following acetic acid or formalin administration - get along well together, whereas some males can be aggressive - have babies - prefer the odor of uninfected males over males infected with influenza viruses - rely on the companionship of other female mice - take only a month or two to grow up and have their own young * Most female mice have babies. Field mouse * Field Mice are scavengers - mice are food for many kinds of animals like cats, wolves, owls, fox, and eagles * Field mice can get the flu just like humans do - usually find enough food outdoors even during the winter * Field mice eat seeds that have been exposed to pesticides - the caterpillars and seeds from the grass - leave narrow winding runs under thick vegetation - live in meadows * are mouses - rodents ### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| mouse \| field mouse: Grasshopper mouse * Grasshopper mice are an exception to the rule, being the only fully carnivorous mice - eat grasshoppers - occur in shortgrass prairies and desert scrub * Most grasshopper mice eat grasshoppers. * field mouse<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| mouse \| field mouse: Prairie vole * Most prairie voles live in grassland. * are extremely monogamous - meant to be models of monogamy - the voles that are found in the prairies of central North America * build systems of runways and nests in many North American grasslands. * eat leaves, plants, bulbs, seeds and bark. * have short tails and ears and live in shallow underground burrows. * look like rodents with small rounded bodies, four short legs and a short tail. * provide a unique opportunity to study the mechanisms involved in regulating monogamy. * require a full canopy cover for protection from predators.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| mouse \| field mouse: Water vole * Most water voles occupy areas. * Some water voles escape predators - follow patterns - have ancestry * Some water voles live in colonies - distinct colonies * Some water voles prefer clean water * are part of Britain s heritage * excavate extensive burrow systems into the banks of waterways. * follow a four hour activity pattern. * have faces. * live in colonies, made up of a series of adjoining territories along a riverbank - localised groups * tend to be active more during the day than at night. * use latrines to mark territories along waterways.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| mouse: House mouse * House mice are also important prey items for many small predators - excellent climbers and can run up any rough vertical surface - generalists in their diet * House mice are generally most active at night, although some are active during the day - nocturnal, although some are active during the day in human dwellings - gray or brown rodents with relatively large ears and small eyes - host to a variety of parasites - light brown to dark gray in color with a lighter colored belly - nibblers and like to try new foods - primarily nocturnal - second only to humanity as the most populous mammals in urban areas * House mice are small and can enter buildings through openings as small as inch - enter buildings through openings very small - subordinant to harvest mice and meadow voles - tiny compared to elephants * House mice are very prolific rodents * House mice can also destroy huge amounts of stored food - climb well and readily jump from high places - establish long-term residence in homes and offices - cause damage * House mice cause structural damage to buildings by their gnawing and nest building activities - buildings by their gnawing and nest-building activities - consume food - contribute to the spread of several human and animal diseases, including bubonic plague * House mice eat almost anything, but they prefer grains and grain products - many types of food but prefer seeds and grain - seeds, crops, insects, and even such things as soap and glue - storm-petrel eggs - enter structures * House mice feed on cereal grain - have tracheae * House mice live and thrive under a variety of conditions in and around homes and farms - rely on pheromone * House mice share characteristics - reproductive characteristics - several characteristics - survive environments - tend to have longer tails and darker fur when living closely with humans - use both audible and ultrasonic calls in a variety of contexts - weigh ounces * Most house mice cause damage * Most house mice feed on cereal grain * Most house mice share reproductive characteristics * Some house mice carry bacteria. * Some house mice have adult body length - expression - transmit diseases * are mammals - omnivores<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| mouse: Kangaroo mouse * Kangaroo mice are gentle and adapt well to captivity - nocturnal , and are most active in the two hours following sunset - live near shrubs growing in fine gravelly soil or windblown sand dunes - make burrows in sand + Burrow: Animals * Burrows can be made in different materials. Kangaroo mice make burrows in sand. Termites make burrows in wood. Some sea urchins and clams make burrows in rock. Burrows can also be make in different shapes and sizes. Some burrows are simple tubes a few centimeters long. Others are many tunnels and rooms that connect to each other. + Kangaroo mouse: Geomyoid rodents * The Dark Kangaroo Mouse is also known to feed occasionally on insects and carrion. Interestingly, the mouse never drinks water, instead deriving it metabolically from the foods it eats. The kangaroo mouse collects food and maintains large stocks in their burrows. The burrow, the entrance to which the mouse covers during daylight hours, is also used to raise litters of between 2 and 7 young. The Pale Kangaroo Mouse burrows only in fine sand, while the Dark Kangaroo Mouse prefers fine, gravelly soils but may also burrow in sand or sandy soil. Kangaroo mice are nocturnal, and are most active in the two hours following sunset. They are believed to hibernate during cold weather. Male mouse * Male mice become imprinted with the odor of littermates during the first three weeks of life - emit pheromones that can promote the sexual development of nearby females - have diets - show their natural territorial behaviour also in captivity * Most male mice have diets.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| mouse: Meadow mouse * Meadow mice inhabit crop fields * Most meadow mice inhabit crop fields Mutant mouse * Mutant mice become obese and develop behavioral abnormalities - model various aspects of mammary gland morphogenesis and carcinogenesis * Some mutant mice carry mutation - null mutation Newborn mouse * Most newborn mice have fur. * Newborn mice are blind, deaf and have no hair except whiskers - naked and their eyes are closed Optical mouse * Optical mice have no mechanical moving parts - moving parts, and they're less subject to mechanical failure - work on any surface except for very shiny ones like mirror and glass * use light sensors that pick up movement. Rock pocket mouse * Rock pocket mice have coats. * Rock pocket mice have dark coats - fur * Rock pocket mice inhabit areas - rocky areas<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| mouse: Spiny mouse * Spiny mice are generally easy to tame - very social in the wild - mature at the age of seven weeks and they are fully grown at one hundred fifty days - small mammals with bare , scaled tails - love to live in groups + Spiny mouse: Rodents * The term 'spiny mouse' refers to any species of rodent within the genus 'Acomys'. They are usually called 'Spiny mice' in English. They look like mice of the genus 'Mus'. Spiny mice are small mammals with bare, scaled tails. Their coats have unusually stiff guard hairs that work the same way as the spines of a hedgehog. These stiff hairs are why they are called the 'spiny mouse'. Wild mouse * Most wild mice are timid toward humans and other animals, but they are very social with other mice - live up to years * Wild mice are nocturnal, but domestic mice can have periods of activity both day and night - enter dwellings in late summer or fall, spend the winter, and leave in the spring Wood mouse * Most wood mice live in underground burrows. * Wood mice are extremely common and are found in almost all habitats - eat seeds, green plants, fruits and animal foods - inhabit forests, grasslands, and cultivated fields * are mammals - mouses - rodents	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| mouse \| wood mouse: Deer mouse * Deer mice are able to breed throughout the year, but most often breed in spring and early fall - active year around, but are more likely to move inside in the early spring and fall - everywhere - fond of honey and sometimes rob a hive in midwinter - grayish to reddish brown with white underparts - medium sized rodents, with large eyes, and large naked ears - often the first animals to invade an area that has been burned - the primary carriers of the hanta virus - can also transmit the virus to humans through bites - carry hantavirus - drop their scats and urinate in and around the nest site - enter structures - excrete the virus in urine, faeces, and saliva * Deer mice have forelimbs - four toes on the forefeet and five toes on the hind feet - many adaptations to the various habitats of South Dakota - round and slender bodies - shorter forelimbs than hind limbs - small bodies - the ability to adapt very well to drastic changes between high and low - hoard food supplies and actively forage for food near their nesting sites * Deer mice live in all parts of Washington, but mainly in rural areas - woodlands * Deer mice occur in many different habitats, including forests, chaparral, brush, and grasslands - throughout most of North America and are abundant in most areas - range in color from pale grey to reddish brown * Deer mice share habitats - similar habitats - shed the virus in their urine, saliva, and droppings * Deer mice spread hantavirus in their droppings, urine, saliva and nesting material - the virus in their urine, saliva, droppings, and nesting materials - take food - use and maintain several home sites or refuges within the home range * Most deer mice enter structures * Most deer mice live in woodlands - share similar habitats * Some deer mice eat insect larvae - insects - feed on bait * Some deer mice have color - dark color - live in prairie * are wood mouses.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent: Muskrat * Most muskrats eat animals - clams - live animals * Most muskrats have fur - tails - thin tails * Some muskrats kill turtles. * Some muskrats live in burrows on the water banks * ' are rodents that live in freshwater and saltwater marshes, lakes, ponds, and streams. Muskrats often build dome-shaped houses in marshes. These houses, made of plants, protect the muskrat from predators, since the only entrance is underwater. Some muskrats live in burrows on the water banks. Muskrats are excellent swimmers but are slow on land * also benefit from human persecution of some of their predators - build feeding platforms in wetlands - causle problems by eating crops - destroy vegetation along the shoreline which helps prevent wave action erosion - eat agricultural crops - have a habit of building their homes around dikes - make burrows and dens in pond and lake banks - prey upon other muskrats * are a common sight - also vulnerable to tularemia, and a variety of internal and external parasites - among the easiest furbearers to trap - aquatic rodents that use cattail for food as well as material to build their houses - basically herbivorous - chiefly nocturnal - classified as furbearers * are common and can be found in most wetland locations - widely distributed throughout the U.S. and Canada - dependent upon habitats including water - found over most of Canada and the United States and a small part of northern Mexico - highly territorial and aggressive toward each other - historically an important item in the fur market - mammals - most active at night or near dawn and dusk * are mostly nocturnal and remain active all year - nocturnal, but they do appear at times during the day - named because of the musk glands located near the underside of their tail - often active during the day, as well as night, with peak activites near dawn and dusk - one of our most prolific species - plentiful and sometime damage the canal banks with their burrowing - semi-aquatic and prefer locations with four to six feet of water - semi-aquatic, living in marshes, sloughs, streams, rivers, ponds and lakes - sexually mature the year following their birth, but few survive long enough to breed - somewhat active during the day but most of their activity takes place at night * are the quintessential mammals of the marsh - victims of many predators - thought to have one mate during rearing seasons * are very prolific and can reproduce up to six times per year - widespread and abundant * build throughout the year. * burrow in the banks. * can also cause major damage to earthen structures - be beneficial in marshmanagement by opening up dense tule stands - create problems particularly during periodic populations highs * cause damage to ditch banks with their burrowing and making of their den. * communicate by a secretion from their glands called musk - musk, which also is used as a warning for intruders * consume about one-third of their weight every day. * continue to live in large groups even when they fight amongst themselves - grous even when fighting and cannibalism occur in high rates * create burrows with an underwater entrance. * eat a variety of food, though, and usually are able to maintain high population levels - and build homes from the wild rice vegetation - aquatic vegetation and can stay under water for up to five minutes - baby ducks and duck eggs - shellfish * eat the basal parts, rhizomes, and leaves of aquatic emergent vegetation - stems and foliage - whole plant - water plants and shellfish * feed mainly on aquatic vegetation as well as fish, crayfish, and frogs on occasion. * find shelter in bank burrows and nests that they build. * get their name from the pair of musk glands located at the base of their tails - strong musky odor the males give off during mating time - dense fur that traps air underneath for insulation and buoyancy - large, robust bodies, with a total body length of twelve and a half inches - long teeth, two upper and two lowers - several litters each season - small eyes and ears * includes brains - breasts - cell membranes - cells - chest cavities - chests - corpi - cytoplasm - faces - heads - nuclei - pedal extremities - piluses - plasma membranes - rib cages - sections - skulls - sterna - vacuoles - vertebrate feet * keep the duck population down. * live anywhere there is water, including ditches, ponds, lakes, rivers, etc. * live in burrows near the water's edge for their food consists of aquatic plants - burrows, in mudbanks, or in cone-shaped lodges made of mud or grass - houses constructed of vegetation or in burrows dug into banks - large family groups with definite territories - lodges made of plants or in burrows in the banks of lakes and streams - their lodges during the winter, but come out to forage for food * love to burrow. * move from pond to pond in the spring and fall - slowly on land * normally live in groups consisting of a male and female pair and their young. - mounds of mud and vegetation in shallow wetlands - seek out undercut banks for protection while feeding * prefer to burrow on steep slopes covered with vegetation - well-vegetated sloughs and lakes with a fairly stable water level * produce many young. * readily fight one another, especially during food shortages. * spend much of their time in the water and are well suited for their semiaquatic life. * typically use cattails, other herbaceous plants and mud to build their lodges. * use cattails to build their houses * use the entire plant and the seeds are commonly eaten by waterfowl and marsh birds - plant, and the seeds are commonly eaten by water fowl and marsh birds * utilize leaves and stems for houses and eat the rhizomes. * weigh less than an ounce at birth and grow rapidly, reaching adulthood in less than a year.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| muskrat: Common muskrat * feed extensively on broadleaf cattail roots and rhizomes. * occupy floating freshwater marshes in southeastern Louisiana.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent: Nutria * also burrow into canal and road embankments, causing damage and dangerous situations - carry and can transmit various parasites and diseases - eat farm and garden crops and lawn grasses found next to water - sport white or light colored whiskers that beavers lack * are South American semi-aquatic rodents similar to our native muskrat and beaver - active throughout the year - aggressive competitors with the native muskrat which is smaller * are an invasive species in Maryland due to their destructive feeding habits on marshes - apt to breed in any month of the year in North America - aquatic by nature and live in burrows - herbivores, so they feed entirely on plants - herbivorous - highly prolific and breed year round - large rodents native to South America * are large rodents that look like beavers with long, thin tails similar to muskrats - semi-aquatic rodents that resemble native beavers and muskrats - large, web-footed rodents that are more agile in the water than on land - medium sized rodents that live in freshwater environments - particularly fond of watermelon rinds, apples, carrots and potatoes - preyed upon by alligators, cottonmouth moccasins, hawks, owls and eagles - prolific breeders, capable of producing two litters a year - semi-aquatic and spend most of their time in or near the water - sensitive to low temperatures - vegetarians and they do have large appetites - well adapted for movement on land, however, are more at home in the water * breed all year round, which greatly impacts their population and activity rate. * can be rather social animals and sometimes live in large colonies, reproducing prolifically - damage agricultural crops and destroy water-retaining structures like dams and dikes - have either positive or negative values * consume very rapidly as well. * eat tall grasses and rush es - wetland plants such as Three-square rush * feed almost entirely on vegetation - primarily on marsh vegetation that extends above the waterline * generally occupies a small area throughout their lives. * great value in a natural skin. * have a more negative effect on the ecosystem than they're worth - large incisors that are yellow to orange-red on the outer surface - thick brown fur and orange front teeth * look like beavers, but have long tails like rats. * multiply rapidly and destroys marshes by eating the grass which holds the soil together. * often build flattened circular feeding platforms of vegetation in shallow water. * predominately feed on the base of plant stems and dig for roots and rhizomes in the winter. * prefer to burrow on steep slopes covered with vegetation. * reach sexual maturity at four to six months. * rip the plant out by the root therefore making the plant unable to re-grow. * spend most of their lives in or around water - much of their time in the water * thrive in fresh or brackish marshes where there is abundant aquatic vegetation for food. * usually have a negative impact on other wildlife species - dark brown fur ### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| nutria: Young nutria * are born with hair and are fully active. * can swim only a few hours after birth. Other rodent * carry dangerous diseases * feed on tubers. * have appearances. * inhabit habitats.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent: Paca * Most pacas have incisor width - live alone in burrows, caves, woodpiles, stumps, or rocks - rely on seedlings * are rodents. * includes brains - breasts - cell membranes - cells - chest cavities - chests - corpi - cytoplasm - ears - faces - heads - nuclei - pedal extremities - piluses - plasma membranes - rib cages - sections - skulls - sterna - vacuoles - vertebrate feet * take up residences. ### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| porcupine: American porcupine * Most american porcupines adapt to environments - eat fruit - have ranges * Most american porcupines lead life - solitary life - subsist on diets * Some american porcupines earn reputations. Cape porcupine * are the largest rodents in southern Africa and also the world's largest porcupines. * come out at night and rustle around in search of food. * mate for life, meaning their marriages often last longer than the human variety. Common porcupine * are reported to be intelligent animals that are capable of learning rapidly. * eat mostly bark, pine needles, grasses, nuts, and berries. Female porcupine * attract many males. * give birth to a single baby after an elaborate mating display by the male. * have between one and four young, depending on the species - litters that range in size from one to four baby porcupines Young porcupine * Most young porcupines are ready to live on their own at about two months of age. * are weaned in a week, but stay near their mothers through their first summer.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent: Rat * Domesticated rats make ideal pets for anyone, especially children. * Many rats are nocturnal. * Most rats adapt to areas - urban areas - appear in holes - are located on nests * Most rats attract prey - avoid predators * Most rats carry bacteria - diseases - fleas - parasites - chew holes - come from mothers - confine their roaming to areas they grew accustomed to while young * Most rats consume fat diets - depend on food - display peculiar behavior * Most rats drink sugar water * Most rats eat crops - dog food * Most rats eat dry dog food - green vegetation - high fat diets - meals - proteins - regular diets - rich food - solid food - waste * Most rats emerge at nights - from nests * Most rats excrete concentrate urine - exhibit renal diseases - expose to sunlight * Most rats feed on cholesterol diets - vitamin diets - find food - get diets - give birth to rats - go to holes * Most rats has-part bones - eyes - glands - kidneys - legs - livers - marrow - tissue * Most rats have brown fur - bushy tails - clean bathroom habits and never soil their bed - coats - discharge - ears - eyesights - grey coats * Most rats have long bushy tails - noses - offspring - physical capability - poor eyesights - pouches - senses - soybean meals - teeth - thymus glands - hear prey - kill rats * Most rats live in areas - cities - climates - colonies - communities - countries - houses - regions - small colonies - temperate climates * Most rats live in underground burrows - walls - wood areas - make urine - move eyes - occur in environments - pose threats * Most rats possess enzymes - hormones * Most rats prefer arboreal habitats - produce urine * Most rats reach maturity - sexual maturity - receive nutrition - rely on senses * Most rats require food - oxygen * Most rats return to a fixed place of feeding - seek food - spread diseases - steal food * Most rats suffer extinction - widespread extinction * Most rats survive in deserts * Most rats thrive in cities * Most rats transmit bacteria - viruses - use water - walk on paws * Some rat kangaroos live in rainforests. * Some rats affect spermatogenesises - also have a preference for meats * Some rats appear in countries - islands * Some rats are inside nests - located in houses - attract cats * Some rats avoid daytime heat - people - become food - can be trap shy * Some rats carry cells - mutation - organisms * Some rats cause injuries - structural damage - destroy vegetation - die in fire * Some rats eat bait - frogs - grain - grasshoppers - kangaroo rats - poison bait - seeds - snails - substances - types * Some rats enter structures * Some rats feed in fields - intact proteins - kidney beans * Some rats feed on insects * Some rats feed raw beans - follow rats - gain nutrition - get pneumonia - go to water - has-part cortexes * Some rats have a greater increase in vascular resistance than others - abundances - body burdens - concentration - diabetes - levels - lice - no hair - particular taste - symptoms - hear birds * Some rats increase excretion - sodium excretion * Some rats invade burrows - homes * Some rats kill birds - tuataras * Some rats live for months - several months * Some rats live in Africa - attics - basements - parks - societies - trees - trenches - up to months - lose weight * Some rats make litter - secretion - play in environments * Some rats possess babies - glucose - ovaries * Some rats prefer burrows - fruit - to remain perched on the owner's shoulders - provide proteins * Some rats reach normal size - population size - stable population size * Some rats receive diets - dioxide - substrate - venom * Some rats require environments - result in excretion - seek water - serve as food - spread death * Some rats steal eggs - survive in areas - thrive in cages - transmit diseases * accumulate red porphryn around the eyes when they fail to groom properly. * acquire the infection by ingesting the insects. * actually have the ability to laugh. * also bite people - chew on electrical wiring and structural supports in buildings - collect seeds and grasses - come in different sizes * also damage containers and packaging materials in which foods and feed are stored - crops, contaminate stock feed, damage buildings and carry diseases - develop cancer when fed with the dyestuff aniline, which occurs naturally in carrots - do damage by eating out the pulp of the ripe coffee cherry, causing the bean to drop - eat nuts and vegetative parts of the plant - gnaw to gain entrance or to obtain food - have thicker tails than mice - love chewing on cardboard boxes - prey directly on the native island deer mouse * always squeeze through crevices if confined. * are Omnivorous, but prefer meats - show a preference for grains, fruits, nuts and vegetables * are a known carrier - public health issue- spreading disease and damaging property - threat to rare plants because they eat the seeds, seedlings, and bark of young plants - viable food source - active throughout the day, mice have a tendency to be slightly more nocturnal * are also a problem in many areas, for they eat the cane and introduce pathogens - pets for humans - an appropriate model because bST is biologically active in rats when injected - angels with fur - apparently as vulnerable as cows - approximately ten times bigger than mice - born head or tail first, both are normal - carriers of fleas, which are associated with typhus and plague - clean animals as long as they are provided with good clean bedding - color blind - communal animals - community dwellers - creatures of habit - dirty, stinky, slimy and they have bald tails - easier to exclude than mice because rats a typically larger - endemic in Africa, and as such resistant to most tropical diseases - everywhere with roaches - excellent climbers, avoid open spaces, and use urine spotting as a territorial marker - fairly opportunistic feeders - fascinating animals, they survive in environments where nothing else can - generally very friendly to other cage mates, particularly with females - good at auditory tasks, pigeons at visual tasks - highly sensitive, whereas mice are very resistant - incredibly hardy animals who have never shown any problem adjusting to change - infinitely more intelligent than mice, and completely different in almost every respect - intelligent creatures and can be trained many tricks * are intelligent, and they quickly learn to press the pedal under the lamp that is lit - curious, and sensitive animals - social animals that can make wonderful pets - large muroid rodents , mice are small ones - mammals - monophyodont, which means that they have one set of teeth during their lifetime * are more popular for tests relating to intelligence , learning , and illegal drugs - recent predators - most common, but dogs, fish and birds can be infected - much like dogs and cats in that they have their own unique characters - neophobic, which means they have a fear of new objects * are nocturnal animals - in their habits and can see better at night - nocturnal, with their peak activity at dusk or before dawn * are often in horror stories and movies because they are associated with death and disease - suspicious of new or unfamiliar objects * are omnivores , they eat lots of different types of food - and can eat almost anything * are omnivorous, aggressive, intelligent, adaptable, and extremely fecund - which means they eat both plant and animal material - one of the most unreasonably denigrated species - present in almost all settlements - primarily nocturnal in habit and they are cautious - relatively resistant to the cardiac actions of scilliroside - rodents and belong to the same family as mice - sexually mature at two to four months and live about one year - small programs, each responsible for doing a single task * are social and smart animals that can be trained - thrive in same-sex pairs or groups - creatures who prefer to have a buddy or two - still the subjects of choice when it comes to brain lesions - strongly nocturnal, so the best hunting is at dusk and after dark - super-cautious animals * are the definitive hosts, and the only hosts in which the adult stage of the nematode occurs - natural host for the bacteria, but infection can occur in mice - primo rodents to have around - three-dimensional objects - ubiquitous, but much more numerous in some environments - unfortunately very prone to respiratory diseases and tumors - various medium sized rodents * are very cautious feeders and usually avoid strange food - curious and like to explore their surroundings - intelligent and require a stimulating environment to explore and play in * are very social and form close bonds with their owners - get lonely by themselves - wary animals, easily frightened by unfamiliar or strange noises * are, perhaps, the most widely used nonhuman animal in biomedical and psychological research. * avoid a strange food until they smell it on the breath of a den-mate - obstacles * bathe themselves, usually six times a day or more. * begin foraging soon after dark and most of their food gathering occurs before midnight. * behave as if they have the capacity for being fearful, surprised, or sexually aroused. * benefit from eating a variety of vegetables, fruits, and and other fresh foods. * breed all year around, with a couple of peaks * build nests from soft material such as paper, cloth, or straw. * can also become obese from overfeeding of treats - eat smaller pets - have respiratory problems * can be either albino or colored, a trait that is controlled by a single gene - quite agile and can run up almost any vertical surface and also are capable of swimming - successful in almost everything they try to do * can be very ferocious at times - noisy as well by when they squeak, whistle, and chirp - become a serious problem in communities bordering farmland * can carry disease and small vermin - cause immense damage to food stuffs and buildings - chew through wood, plaster, hard plastic, and soft metal - climb brick walls, trees, and telephone poles, and walk across telephone lines - detect poison mixed with food in as little as two parts per million - eat chocolate - experience grief after the death of a companion just as humans can - fit through a whole the size of a quarter * can get into very small places - respiratory infections very easily - their legs caught and hurt themselves - have about four to seven litters a year, and the litters consist of two to seven young * can have several nest sites - reasons for breathing problems * can jump three feet in the air from a flat surface and leap four feet horizontally - straight up, and four feet outwards, from a standing position - up to three feet and climb wires and pipe very well - jump, climb, swim and dig expertly - potentially harbor salmonellosis - subsist on dog droppings when no other food is available - survive longer without water than camels - synthesize vitamin C in their livers - train humans to do simple tricks - upset the birds by disturbing their habitat - usually detect subtle changes in their environment * can, and do, kill mice, a behavior known as muricide. * carry Malaria * carry disease and plague - thrive on human garbage - diseases that can be fatal to both humans and animals - fleas that spread human diseases such as bubonic plague and typhus - many diseases and germs - off baby chicks and roll away eggs - the plague-transmitting flea - their young for twenty-two days * cause billions of dollars worth of damage throughout the world each year - structural damage to buildings by burrowing and gnawing - on neglected corpses * chew through cord - power cord - wiring and they cause extensive damage to electrical systems * chewing on wires can cause house fires. * climb the trees, hide among the branches, gnaw the bark until the branches die. * come in a variety of colors and require a larger cage and more attention than smaller rodents - many different colours, markings, body types and temperments - two varieties * commonly groom each other and sleep together. * constantly urinate and defecate while traveling and nesting. * consume amounts - kernels - privet fruit * continue to be a problem in many cane growing areas. * defecate somewhat indiscriminately within their territories but mostly where they feed. * deprived of all sleep stages live only about three weeks - survive only about three weeks * develop tendencies. * die from internal hemorrhage, but there is no evidence that same effect produced in humans. * dig burrows - deep and long burrows * dislike burrowing in loose gravel. * display behavior - courtship behavior * do have some binocular ability that is limited to distant objects. * drink more if they have subordinate social status or early social isolation * eat and urinate on human and animal food and carry many diseases - every last seed of a plant - much more food at a single feeding than a mouse - our food and contaminate it with hair, feces, and urine * eat the fruits as described above - seeds and some of the leaves - undefended eggs and defenseless young * emerge from holes in bedroom walls, terrorizing infants in their cribs * enjoy some shady sunlight but are nocturnal creatures. * enter buildings * exhibit actions - enterohepatic recirculation of many chemicals - reaction * exposed to PBBs develop cancer - high levels did, however, have an increase in birth defects * find a tortoise eggs quite a delicacy and frequently destroy nests * follow waste. * generally are larger than mice, and they can be bald, scaly and cylinder-shaped. * grind their teeth when relaxed and happy or very stressed. * harbor rabies but shown no symptoms. - heads * hate being trapped in small spaces. * have a flap in their stomach that covers the esophagus and prevents both vomiting and burping - life span of about a year in the wild and breed often during their short life - normal lifespan ranging from two to five years, though three years is typical - phenomenon like menopause which is called estropause - pointed snout with long whiskers, rounded ears, and a long tail - single pair of incisor teeth, with enamel absent on one surface - very important role in the environment * have an amazing ability to squeeze through very small openings - os penis or os clitoridis associated with external genitalia - bellybuttons - blunt noses - cannulas placed in jugular vein, common bile duct, and bladder - estrous cycles throughout the year, each lasting just five days - expression - fleas that carry disease - great respect for their parents and dote on their own children - higher metabolic rates, and generally metabolize drugs much more quickly than humans * have keen senses of hearing, smell, taste and touch - taste, hearing, and sense of smell - lots of babies - naked tails and are much larger than a mouse - no gall bladder - digest fats differently Humans have a gall bladder - poor eyesight and depend on hearing and their excellent sense of smell * have poor eyesight, especially the pink eyed varieties - pink-eyed varieties - vision - powerful teeth and can gnaw through very hard materials - relatively small amounts of cartilage - scruffy fur - several unique biological characteristics - the ability to swim up toilets through pipes - two distinct cervices and uterine bodies - very high reproductive rates * hear people - sound * hunt for food. * includes brains - cytoplasm - faces - nuclei - sterna - vacuoles - vertebrate feet * inhabit habitats - niches * keep indoor runways, or well-used paths, free of cobwebs, debris, and dust. * learn fast - food selection behavior in a group context * leave eggshell pieces unevenly chewed, and eat and drink the contents. * like to chew - live as close as possible to their food - sleep in piles - use regular paths or runways along walls or behind debris - burrows, normally at the edge of foundations of walls - sewers and in most campus-run housing - less than a year, which for most animals relatively short life span - to around two years of age * living in poor conditions often have problems with parasites themselves. * look for harborage in such conditions and rats contribute to disease and decay. * love hiding places and easily accessible food sources - human food - sugarcane and rats are nocturnal - and curious - to be held and cuddled * love to eat snails - the seeds while still on the tree and on the ground - snuggle and be petted * make nests out of whatever materials they have available - sounds when climbing, gnawing, clawing and moving - their homes close to where their food is - wonderful pets when they have been carefully bred and well-socialised * mark territory. * may have tendencies. * memorize pathways and use the same routes habitually. * multiply four times as fast as cats. * need diets - shelter * normally prefer to have cage mates. * occurring in sewers are generally Norway rats. * often feed on iguana eggs, cats eat baby iguanas, and goats eat cacti - get tumors, especially along their mammary chains * often live in basements or any dark area, or burrow under ground often under front stoops - very close association with dogs and cats * only live about two years. * open mouths. * play together by wrestling and chewing on each other just like puppies. * play, groom each other, and cuddle up to sleep together, keeping each other warm. * possess cells - cages with solid instead of wire floors - fresh food, but can survive on rotting edibles or even dog feces - it to food - low concentrations of alcohol over high - to feed in and around homes, restaurants and businesses - water with caffeine in it when given the choice between that and pure water * primarily use their whiskers to recognise objects and their eyes for orientation. * produce a distinctive musky odor * quickly become accustomed to regularly repeated sounds - learn safe travel routes through yards to avoid terrestrial predators - puberty very young at six to eight weeks of age - predominately on smell, taste, touch, and hearing as opposed to vision * represent one step leading to treatment in humans. * require about one ounce of food a day and a half ounce of water - larger habitats * respond to food. * respond to tickling by emitting ultrasonic whistles outside the range of human hearing - whistles outside our range of hearing * return to nests. * roam streets. * run spontaneously in the wheel, even more when they are hungry. * see poorly, relying more on smell, taste, touch, and hearing. - out locations * show greatest activity the first half of the night, if food is abundant - interest - unimpaired learning within minutes after recovery from single bolus propofol anesthesia - leptospirosis by urinating in domestic water supplies * synthesize vitamin C in the liver from glucose, using an enzyme called L-gulono oxidase. * tell whether other rats are part of their family or social group by smell. * tend to be cautious and mice are more curious - most active at night - congregate in areas where food is stored and where humans sleep, in search of scraps - eat more at night, but day time feeding is also common - feed in one or two locations - have a slightly longer life span compared with mice - increase their running over days and their eating is inadequate - live in large groups that have dominant individuals * test their food. - when they live with other rats * travel along walls and avoid open spaces as much as possible. * undergo stereotaxic surgery and an electrode is implanted in the right lateral habenula. * urinate in areas they frequent. * use any method to get to food, water or harbourage - motion parallax to estimate depth * use their keen sense of smell to locate food items and apparently to recognize other rats - to locate food items and to recognize other rats - vision for shorter distances, too * usually construct their nests near food and water - live for around two years, although some make it to three and beyond * visit fewer food sites than mice + Palindrome, Examples of Palindromes, Sentences: Linguistics * Rats live on no evil star. * The 'rat' is a medium-sized rodent. Rats are omnivores, they eat lots of different types of food. Most rats are in the genus 'Rattus'. There are about 56 different species of rats. * Usually rats are bigger than mice. Rats are large muroid rodents, mice are small ones. The muroid family is very large and complex. Examples that illustrate this are the Pack rat and the Cotton mouse. + Rat, Carriers of disease * Rats can carry diseases. Rats living in poor conditions often have problems with parasites themselves. Not many diseases carried by rats can spread to humans. One of those is called Leptospirosis, another one is the plague * Rats are 'opportunists'. If they have the choice between a food that will need a fight to get, and another food that will not, they take the food that does not need a fight. For this reason, rats have lived close to humans for a long time. Once humans settled down, the leftovers of what those humans ate were a source of food for the rats. So the rats followed. * Rats are present in almost all settlements. In cities, they often live in the sewers - Pets: Old World rats and mice :: Omnivores * Fancy rats are domesticated brown rats. People have kept rats as pets since the 19th century. Rats are social and smart animals that can be trained. They also like to play with toys. Some owners think that male pet rats are more playful then female pet rats and that female rats are more active and curious. Pet rats do not act the same as wild rats. They do not have more diseases than other common pets. * Female rats are smaller than male rats. They can be all one color or have spots or other coloring. Some rats have no hair. These are called hairless rats - Scientific research * Brown rats are often used as model organisms. Genetic research is usually done with mice, though. Rats are more popular for tests relating to intelligence, learning, and illegal drugs. This is mostly because rats have a high intelligence, ingenuity, aggressiveness, and adaptability. Their psychology seems to be very similar to human psychology. Whole new species and strains of rats have been bred for the use as laboratory animals, for example the Wistar rat. Much of the genome of 'Rattus norvegicus' has been sequenced	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| rat: Black rat * Most black rats eat food * are better climbers than the brown rat - good climbers and are usually found in the upper part of buildings - much more arboreal than their cousins Norway rat - prolific, but they produce smaller and fewer litters than the Norway rat - similar in length to Norway rats, but are more slender and darker * like to live up high. Brown rat * Most brown rats live in climates - colonies - small colonies - temperate climates * Some brown rats survive in areas. * are capable of producing ultrasonic vocalizations. * tend to live under floors, within walls, in piles of garbage or in the ground. Cotton rat * are subject to violent fluctuations in numbers. * have relatively large eyes. Domestic rat * are also very prone to tumors - very different from wild rats, however * make wonderful pets and show affection for their owners. + Rat, Scientific research: Old World rats and mice :: Omnivores<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| rat: Female rat * Most female rats reach maturity - reproduce at regular intervals, having several litters per breeding season * Some female rats come into heat - have concentration - receive dioxide * appear to be more sensitive than males. * are smaller than male rats - very curious, and love to explore and play games * consume amounts - kernels * exhibit greater susceptibility to early alcohol-induced liver injury than males. * show some interesting characteristics in regards to sexual behavior. + Rat, Pets: Old World rats and mice :: Omnivores * Female rats are smaller than male rats. They can be all one color or have spots or other coloring. Some rats have no hair. These are called hairless rats. Gambian rat * Some gambian rats feed on insects - reach size * are seasonal breeders, usually breeding in the summer. * display behavior - courtship behavior - peculiar behavior * inhabit habitats. * need shelter. * use screeching as the main form of communication.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| rat: Gopher * 'browser' for gopher sites, wais sites, and ftp sites. * All gophers are small mammals, yet are larger than many other rodents. * Internet browsing program. * Most gophers eat plants - roots - vegetation - emerge from hibernation * Most gophers enter artificial burrows * Most gophers feed on crops * Most gophers have brown fur which often closely matches the color of the soil in which they live - necks - predators - short necks * Most gophers live in areas - more rural, prairie areas * Most gophers occupy habitats - rocky habitats * Most gophers produce sound - whistle sound * Most gophers reach maturity - sexual maturity - share burrows - survive in climates * Some gophers are really ground squirrels or marmots. * Some gophers consume grass - taproots - dig tunnels - eat bait * Some gophers have cats - different feed habits * Some gophers occupy hemispheres - western hemispheres - occur in areas - vary in length. * ' are small, burrowing rodents. There are over 100 kinds of gophers in America. Gophers have long front teeth, tiny features, and short tails. They live in very complex tunnels underground. They live by themselves and feed on roots and shrubs. They are known to be pests and ruin people's lawns and gardens * affect plants through disturbance of soil and herbivory. * also eat earthworms or small, soft-bodied insects - vegetables that grow beneath the surface - favor tree bark, particularly that of stone fruits, and can girdle trees - feed on large vegetables like carrots, garlic, and onions - love to devour the roots from underneath, so be vigilant - search databases by keywords * always plug their tunnels and feedholes. * appear to prefer to dig through dry soil. * are a text only, menu driven system for accessing information on another server - very common rodent found in most areas of North America * are active all year around, and live underground, in burrows that they dig themselves - year round, solitary and territorial - an easy way for the novice or the expert to gather information - attracted to the roots - found in a wide variety of soil types and conditions - gluttons, pure and simple - grass eaters and therefore are less than appreciated by ranchers - herbivores - how a few attorneys use paralegals - known for building complex underground tunnel systems - larger, brown ground dwellers - located in gardens - menu-based resources of text files - notorious hoarders - often affectionate with one another if a paternal bond is present * are omnivores and love to eat fruit, vegetables, roots and seeds - nuts, berries, grass, bulbs, leaves and insects - prey to predators, including hawks, owls, snakes, coyotes, weasels, and badgers - retrieval tools which rely on a hierarchical menu - rodents with tiny tails, ears, and eyes - sandy brown to dark chocolate brown - search engines that deliver documents, rather than links to other sites - secretive and tend to live in the dark, a bit like the Internet - shy creatures that prefer to spend most of their time underground * are solitary and somewhat territorial - animals except when breeding or rearing young - vegetarians eating plant roots, grass and green plant material - very important animals * automate the process of connecting to resources. * avoid things that smell of humans. * burrows help to cycle nutrients and provide space for air and water to move through the soil. * can also gnaw on and damage plastic water lines and lawn sprinkler systems - collect large hoards - live in a wide variety of soil types and conditions - move backwards just as fast and nimbly as running forward - reproduce rapidly once they invade a favorable site * client-server application. * clip off roots and strip bark below ground from young trees in windbreaks and orchards. * create horseshoe shaped mounds that are often destructive to farm equipment. * destroy gardens. * distributed, menu-oriented database that today spans the entire Internet. * double play on words. * eat mostly plant roots but also some above-ground parts, including alfalfa crown buds - roots, tubers, corms, and rhizomes exposed in their burrows * eat roots, bulbs, grass, tubers, and seeds - foliage, just about anything a plant produces -and more * feed on roots, grasses, herbs, and seeds - stems, and leaves * fight by trying to tip each other over, like slow-motion sumo wrestling. * give dogs and foxes a seemingly irresistible urge to dig. * global information delivery service that is distributed across the Internet. * grows by the minute. * have brownish soft fur, large check pouches and flattened heads with small ears and eyes - large paired incisor teeth - long front teeth , tiny features , and short tails - small external ears, small eyes, and lips that close behind their large incisors - stomachs - very sensitive noses * hierarchical, menu-based arrangement. * huge Internet-wide information database which is arranged as a menu structure. * includes brains - breasts - cell membranes - cells - chest cavities - chests - corpi - cytoplasm - faces - nuclei - pedal extremities - piluses - plasma membranes - rib cages - sections - skulls - sterna - vacuoles - vertebrate feet * inflict damage. * invade yards. * is an Internet software application that organizes information - early form of an Internet browser - early, text only method for accessing Internet documents - example of a commonly used protocol for searching networked information - information system enableing the user to move within certain internet resources - infoserver which can deliver text, graphics, audio, and multimedia to clients - internet tool that helps users to retrieve information on the internet - older protocol that groups and links documents together - older, less-used information service that was a precursor to the Web * is another Internet protocol - information distribution service within the Internet - standard way to send and receive information on the Internet - way of working on the Internet - basically a menu-driven file retrieval system - distributed document delivery service available on the Internet - essentially a text-retrieval system - one of a new breed of tools that are making the Internet easier to use * is one of the best ways to locate information on and in the Internet - services provided by Internet sites - really a global network of interconnected machines and communications links - software that allows document retrieval using menus - the color brown with a beige belly and nose * is the name of a software program that finds electronic files - an Internet access method - used across the Internet to provide menu-based access to resources * is used to access information stored on computers around the world - read information on the Internet that has been made available to the public * large database managed by super-computers. - on roots, seeds, and other plant parts and serve a valuable ecological role * menu based application that accesses a series of of indexes throughout the world - system of accessing Internet information * menu driven information provider - system for accessing text and other data on the internet - system which provides a simple consistent method to navigate around the Internet * menu-based method of browsing and retrieving information - navigation tool for the Internet - utility designed for locating and accessing resources * menu-driven program for picking and choosing among the thousands of Internet resources - system that provides access to the information resources of the Internet * menu-style utility that makes connection to the Internet very easy. * method of accessing information on the Internet by means of hierarchical menus. * mounds dull and plug sicklebars when hay is being harvested. * primarily use their teeth and huge front claws to excavate their burrows. * program that is like a text version of the web. * provide a simple way of using Internet resources. * require a lot of energy and don t hibernate. * seal the openings to the burrow system with earthen plugs. * security tool. * see better than moles but their sense of hearing is approximately equal. * seek roots, and destroy the plants or trees in the process. * service that enables the user to navigate through Internet information easily - organizes information into menus * sometimes damage trees by girdling or clipping stems and by pruning roots. * system for searching hierarchical directories on servers anywhere on the Internet. * text viewer that can be used to follow hyperlinks between different documents. * text, directory-based browser for a massive hierarchival text database. * text-based searching system. * text-only network, usually quite fast. * then use their forefeet and chest to push the soil out of the burrow. * tree structured menu system and several hundred servers are connected. * type of software which provides a menu-based access to Internet resources. * use their sense of smell to locate food. * usually live alone - tunnel searching for food underground * very easy way to find documents and other information resources. * way of transferring files on the Internet from one computer to another. + Pocket gopher, Appearance: Geomyoid rodents :: Agricultural pests * Gophers are heavily built, and most are moderately large. They usually weigh a few hundred grams. A few species reach weights approaching 1 kg. Most gophers have brown fur which often closely matches the color of the soil in which they live. Their most characteristic feature is their large cheek pouches. The 'pocket' in their name comes from these pouches. These pouches are fur-lined, and can be turned inside out. They extend from the side of the mouth well back onto the shoulders. They have small eyes and a short, hairy tail which they use to feel around tunnels when they walk backwards * All pocket gophers are burrowers. They are larder hoarders, and their cheek pouches are used for transporting food back to their burrows. Gophers can collect large hoards. Their presence is unambiguously announced by the appearance of mounds of fresh dirt about 20 cm in diameter. These mounds will often appear in vegetable gardens, lawns, or farms, as gophers like moist soil. They also enjoy feeding on vegetables. For this reason, some species are considered agricultural pests. They may also damage trees in forests	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| rat: Kangaroo rat * Most Kangaroo rats are exclusively nocturnal. * live in dry climates. They can live in deserts also, like Thar Desert. This means that they have developed traits to other species that live in such climates, but are not related to them. Some of those species are the jerboas, which can be found in the deserts of Africa and Asia, and the hopping mice of the Australian Outback. * are a common prey items for many other desert animals - aggressively solitary - generally solitary animals with little social organization - only one of many terrestrial species that signal with drumming * are primarily active during the night time when temperatures are the coolest - seed eaters - vegetarians and eat only high carbohydrate seeds * can locate food caches by spatial memory. * communicate during competitive interactions and courtship. * conserve water by eating their own droppings. * go their whole lives without drinking free water. * have a promiscuous mating system - sweat glands only in their feet * inhabit overlapping home ranges. * live in complex burrow systems * move bipedally. Laboratory rat * Some laboratory rats reach population size - stable population size * gain weight when they eat it. * turn their noses up to any food with aspartame in it.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| rat: Male rat * Most male rats eat diets - fat diets - high fat diets * Most male rats have glands - thymus glands - reach full physical maturity * Some male rats cause injuries - have diabetes * are called bucks, females are does, and babies are pups - larger than the female rat * get bigger and heavier than females do and tend to make better lap pets. * leave female rats after mating. - sexual maturity at three months, females at four months * tend to laze about and cuddle up, while females are more active - mount other rats more than do female rats Newborn rat * Most newborn rats respond to food. * are completely helpless and are born naked with their eyes and ears closed - hairless and their eyes are closed, but they grow rapidly - naked and their eyes are closed, but they grow rapidly Norway rat * Most norway rats adapt to areas - urban areas * Most norway rats have noses - physical capability - senses - live in communities * Most norway rats reach maturity - rely on senses - thrive in habitats * have blunt noses Pet rat * Most pet rats are a domesticated variety of Norwegian rats. * Some pet rats get pneumonia - have lice	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| rat: Pocket gopher * All pocket gophers use their claws and teeth while digging. * Most pocket gophers eat vegetation. * Most pocket gophers feed on crops - plants * Most pocket gophers have necks - short necks * Most pocket gophers occupy habitats - rocky habitats * Most pocket gophers reach maturity - survive in climates * Some pocket gophers consume taproots - dig tunnels * Some pocket gophers have cats - different feed habits * Some pocket gophers occupy hemispheres - western hemispheres - occur in areas - vary in length * are a major herbivore in many habitats in North America. * are active day and night all year round - throughout the year - capable of swimming - fossorial and prefer a soil conducive to digging - found only in the Western Hemisphere - greyish-brown in color with short legs and stout bodies - named for their external fur-lined pouches that are used to carry food - rodents and have different feeding habits than moles - solitary, except during the breeding season - the most highly fossorial rodents found in North America - typically territorial and solitary * are very aggressive and they often have scars from fighting with other gophers - fond of carob roots, and rabbits and deer graze on the young trees * attain the highest densities on light-textured soils with good herbage production. * can cause costly damage to native range, pasture and hay fields - run backward in their burrows almost as fast as they can run forward * dig through the ash and kick original soil to the surface. * eat a variety of plants including broad-leafed weeds, crop plants, and grasses. * eat forbs, grasses, shrubs, and even small trees * feed largely on roots, tubers, and some surface vegetation. - primarily on the taproot and often kill plants * find their food by sense of smell. * graze the roots of seedlings and young trees. - small eyes set far apart and their ears are almost absent - stomachs * invade yards. * kill plants by eating roots. * leave soil mounds on the surface of the ground. * live one to two years and the majority of the population consists of young adults. * mix and aerate soils and provide habitat and food for other animals. * prefer above ground portions of vegetation when it is green and succulent - alfalfa * reach sexual maturity in the spring following their birth * rely on extensive networks of tunnels under the snow. * spend nearly their entire lives underground. - short whiskers and tails to help navigate tunnels + Pocket gopher, Behavior: Geomyoid rodents :: Agricultural pests * All pocket gophers are burrowers. They are larder hoarders, and their cheek pouches are used for transporting food back to their burrows. Gophers can collect large hoards. Their presence is unambiguously announced by the appearance of mounds of fresh dirt about 20 cm in diameter. These mounds will often appear in vegetable gardens, lawns, or farms, as gophers like moist soil. They also enjoy feeding on vegetables.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| rat: Roof rat * Most roof rats have ears - senses - prefer arboreal habitats - require water * Some roof rats live in attics - trees - prefer fruit * are destructive to citrus groves, since they live in citrus trees and gnaw on the fruit - identifiable by their long tails, which have a scale-like pattern * are the most common rat encountered in Texas homes - opposite, choosing to nest in trees or high places above ground - worst rodent pest in the state of Florida and most abundant * build nests in attics, trees, and overgrown shrubbery or vines. * dig burrows. * enter buildings - larger ears than Norway rats, and tails longer than their bodies - to feed on fruits, nuts, ivy, and pet food commonly found in residential areas * seek out locations in trees, shrubbery, attics or crawl spaces	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| rat: Viscacha rat * Some viscacha rats have particular taste. * appear to be rare and are difficult to trap. * are nocturnal and solitary, spending the day sheltering in rock crevices. * have kidneys. Wild rat * are known to eat fish and even other smaller rodents if necessary. * live in colonies. * living in good environments are typically healthy and robust animals. Young rat * Most young rats eat food - solid food * are sexually mature in about three months. * become sexually mature at about three months, with most living six months to a year. * consume diets. * have a shorter depth of the anterior chamber than older rats. * reach reproductive maturity in about three months. * require more protein in the form of milk, cooked meat or complete dried dog food.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent: Small rodent * Most small rodents dig pits. * Most small rodents eat leaves - young leaves - feed on plants * Most small rodents have hearts - life - vertebrae - inhabit habitats * Most small rodents live in climates - temperate climates - weigh ounces * Some small rodents eat truffles - feed on woodlouses - get pneumonia * Some small rodents live in arctic tundra - share territory * are a very important food, but birds, beetles, carrion, eggs and fungi are also eaten - considered the most important reservoir hosts - pounced on and bitten across back and neck - prey to gopher snakes, sharp-tailed snakes, and western garter snakes - significant dispersers of tree seeds in a Neotropical forest * form the bulk of most weasels' diets. * gnaw holes in the shell and leave characteristic marks around the edge.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent: Squirrel * All squirrels have sharp eyesight and wide vision - strong hind legs * Are relatively abundant in the conifer forests and are popular with small game hunters. * Every squirrel carries an umbrella. * Many squirrels find themselves caught in enclosed swimming pools - help distribute the seeds throughout the forest - live in burrows under the ground instead of in the trees * Most squirrels adapt to hot weather. * Most squirrels are active during the daytime - capable of constructing a nest in one day - member of families - sedentary, however, spending their entire lives within a single acre of land - vegetarians * Most squirrels avoid people - predators * Most squirrels bury acorns - nuts * Most squirrels carry acorns - catch attention * Most squirrels cause damage - extensive damage - property damage * Most squirrels chew acorns - holes - materials - pecans - collect acorns - come out of hibernation - cross roads - defend territory * Most squirrels depend on plants * Most squirrels destroy crops - nests - vegetation * Most squirrels eat acorns - berries - bird food - buds - fruit - grass - insects - mature fruit * Most squirrels eat nuts, seeds, and fruit - grain, and fruit - plant food - tree buds - vegetables - emerge from trees - enter burrows * Most squirrels feed in gardens * Most squirrels feed on acorns - tree nuts - find food - gather food * Most squirrels get fur - oxygen - water - give birth to squirrels - graze in meadows - grow hair * Most squirrels has-part backs - brains - claws - stomachs - tails - teeth * Most squirrels have acorns - antibodies - belly fur - brown fur - chatter - contact - feet - few natural predators - front teeth - glide membranes - gray fur - lifespans - limbs - milk teeth - periods - pitch chatter - ranges - sharp claws - short lifespans - skin - stretchy skin - whiskers - hear sound * Most squirrels hibernate during winter * Most squirrels hide acorns * Most squirrels hide in places - various places - jump over fences - keep nests - live for years * Most squirrels live in areas - continents - deciduous woodlands - large areas - parks - regions - trees and jump from branch to branch - treetops - wood areas * Most squirrels live on ground * Most squirrels love corn - make homes - mate in early spring, after much fighting and chasing * Most squirrels move from trees * Most squirrels occupy burrows - niches * Most squirrels occur in areas - counties - hardwood habitats * Most squirrels pick up acorns - organisms * Most squirrels play in backyards - branches - brushes - landscapes * Most squirrels possess cells - coats - grasp hands - shelter * Most squirrels prefer areas - desert habitats - rocky habitats - produce noise * Most squirrels reach full height - receive food * Most squirrels require acorns - resemble rats * Most squirrels reside in captive environments * Most squirrels save food * Most squirrels seek acorns - meals - shake tails - share landscapes * Most squirrels sit in trees - on branches - spend their time running from unleashed dogs and begging for peanuts - spread seeds * Most squirrels steal food - survive winter - swim across lakes * Most squirrels thrive in different habitats - many different habitats * Most squirrels use broad tails - visit feeders - walk on legs - weigh ounces * Some squirrels adapt to life. * Some squirrels also display patches of white - hibernate in burrows during the winter to keep warm - appear in books * Some squirrels are crepuscular - inside hickories - located on continents - attack humans * Some squirrels become food - survival - bite heads * Some squirrels bring black death - build their nest high up in trees * Some squirrels can have babies - cysts - numerous cysts * Some squirrels carry diseases * Some squirrels chew branches - plastic - through wire - collect crops - come into contact - compete with livestock * Some squirrels consume arthropods * Some squirrels cross fences - rivers - tracks * Some squirrels depend on coniferous trees * Some squirrels destroy grain - die younger and some older - dig holes - don t like trees so they live on the ground * Some squirrels eat bones - cookies - flowers - maples * Some squirrels emerge from brushes - emit peeps * Some squirrels enter attics - houses - states * Some squirrels feed in feeders - towns * Some squirrels feed on buds - larvae - follow tracks - go to holes * Some squirrels have a taste for truffles, the fruiting bodies of certain fungi - activities - blood - cheek pouches - high tolerance - parasites - phases - sharpness - sides - similar patterns - help forests * Some squirrels hide in forests - hold tails * Some squirrels inhabit corners - minnesota states - invade homes - keep seeds * Some squirrels live in Africa - California - adjacent communities - conifers - grassland - mountains - native communities - oak - vegetative communities - up to years - lose weight - love nests * Some squirrels make armies - good food - migrate to regions - occupy ranges * Some squirrels occur in cities - locations - play important roles * Some squirrels play in trees * Some squirrels possess babies - flaps * Some squirrels prefer berries - mature woodlands - provide food * Some squirrels recover from fungal infection * Some squirrels rely on diaphragms - remain in burrows * Some squirrels require attention - immediate attention * Some squirrels seek shelter * Some squirrels sit in burrows * Some squirrels sit on fences - rails - stand in Arkansas - stay in dens * Some squirrels survive food shortages - storms - take up residences - threaten survival - throw acorns - transmit diseases * Some squirrels use bird feeders - cavities * Some squirrels use hollow cavities - tree cavities * Some squirrels visit backyards - walk on vegetation - weigh grams * View the most common mammal at our feeders. * adore nuts. * also build their nest in the exterior walls of house. * also can become a nuisance around bird feeders, frightening birds and scattering seeds - chew extensively on landscape plants - dislike garlic and black pepper smells - eat grass, roots, leaves, plants stalks, and other plant materials - enjoy eating birdseed without hesitation even in the presence of birds - feed on buds in the spring - go to the bathroom just like any other animal - have a little flap on their patagium, a sort of winglet - like to feed on garbage if they are living near humans - love suet - nest in the canopy - prepare for winter by bulking up - prey on purple martins by climbing up the nest and entering the cavity * also use their tail to communicate with other squirrels - tails as signal flags * are a family of rodents that includes marmots and chipmunks - food source for hawks, owls, snakes, and several mammalian predators - game species in North Dakota, meaning there is an open season for harvest - large family of rodents - nuisance to avocado in Florida - protected species - serious fire hazard when they break into buildings - very easy animal to attract they love to eat at bird feeders * are about the most harmless, innocent creatures in existence - only animals which eat the oranges * are abundant in the wilds because their natural predators are less abundant - on wooded hillsides in years when acorns are plentiful - acrobatic and persistent - active year round - afraid of owls - already as interested in chasing one another as they are in raiding the bird feeders * are also unique in being able to walk down trees as well - useful to humans as dinner, fur coats, and the butt of roadkill jokes * are always a problem with nut trees - on the other side of the tree * are common rodents that have hairy tails and strong hind legs - throughout North America - conspicuous and are better known by sight to people than are most rodents - creatures that arouse ambivalent feelings - critters of habit and hate change - especially fond of corn - excellent climbers - excitable and can cause severe damage if trapped inside a home - expert tightrope walkers * are fast and agile, scaling trees and jumping from treetop to treetop with great speed - can jump sideways about six feet - fluffy, cute, personable, compassionate and occasionally pious - found all over California - furry, bright, lively little animals that are very busy - game animals and are protected by state laws - generally inquisitive and persistent animals - gluttons, and they are curious - great acrobats - highly excitable and can cause severe damage if trapped inside a building - hungry, very hungry - less likely to be seen during cold weather * are like little bolts of light - rats, and look more and more like rats all the time * are located in forests - roofs - streets - near trees - mammals * are most active at dawn and in the late afternoon - in the morning, foraging for food - naturally vegetarians in the wild * are notorious because of their habit of buying nuts in the ground - for stealing lots of seeds from feeders - nut hoarders - thieves, they steal food and property from other animals and people * are often a pest in Albany - Denver - common problems with bird feeders - serious pests, especially if trees are located near a wooded area - the cause of power outages * are omnivores, which means that they eat both plants and animals - they like to eat plants and meat - one of the state's most under-utilized game resources - opportunists - popular for their cache, burying food for the winter - prevalent and can be readily observed at most Texas parks * are primarily herbivores - vegetarian and are noted for their fondness of seeds and nuts - quick and nimble - resilient and persistent - rodents like mice, rats, and hamsters - safest when they are able to move from tree to tree without traveling at ground level - scavengers, and like to hunt for mushrooms - seen as hunters and gatherers - sexually mature and able to breed when approximately one year old - skittish and at the same time trusting - small, agile diurnal mammals * are solitary animals but can be very social where there is suitable habitat - some of the most conspicuous wild animals in urban and suburban settings - somewhat gregarious, tolerating each other in small groups when food is plentiful - squirrelly, and omnivorous behavior is just one manifestation - still active all hours of the day because of excellent foraging conditions * are the best animals since cats - cleanest animal in the rodent family - main mammal pests of pecans - most active in late winter, when the mating season begins - typically on the move throughout the day - uncanny acorn connoisseurs - usually active early in the morning and late in the afternoon - vermins * are very adept at stealing food from feeders designed for flying creatures - swimmers, crossing lakes and rivers with ease - aware of territory - clean, daily spending time with personal grooming - dangerous if left alone in an attic - destructive - efficient about breaking into feeders - important tree planters - popular with children and hunters alike - territorial - unique in that they have virtually no waste * are, of course, rodents. * assault people's gardens all over the world causing millions of dollars in crop damage. * basically are vegetarians. * begin being busy in early morning. * behave like rats too. * belong in another family. * belong to a group of animals called rodents - the most successful and widespread order in the world, rodents * bite and have very sharp claws. * breed twice a year. * build big, leaf-filled nests in trees, and also use tree holes for nest shelters. * build nests in trees - with leaves - their nests of leaves and sticks * bury acorns and nuts for winter food - acorns, in effect planting oak trees - nuts and acorns, sometimes in lawns * bury nuts for future food - oak tree seeds called acorns in the ground - seeds, thereby planting trees for humans * cache hundreds to thousands of nuts and seeds throughout the forest each year. * can also become trapped in chimneys - carry some extremely dangerous diseases that can be transmitted to humans, ie * can be a problem with feeders - either right or left handed - live trapped - pests at bird feeders * can be very deceptive and they have many tricks up their sleeves - noisy - wary, and they usually have the benefit of an elevated position * can become a nuisance, especially in urban areas - pests in the absence of predators - bite through any glove * can carry bubonic plaque and each year people in Arizona are affected - rabies and other diseases * can cause a wide variety of problems - physical damage to a building and they carry fleas - easily chew through plastic and rope - eat meat, chimpanzees can eat meat, humans can eat meat - find buried food even underneath a layer of snow - migrate great distances when overpopulation occurs - thrive in both forests and cities * carry a variety of internal and external parasites - food around in their cheeks - millions dollars of damage to power transformers and lines every year * chase squirrels. * chatter among each other, namely to sound the squirrel alarm if danger is nearby - the spruce - high among pine boughs - on tree branches to sharpen and clean their teeth * claim an area, usually one to seven acres in size. * climb our trees, dig up our seeds and plunder our bird feeders. * come down their den trees and hop about, digging up acorns * commonly cache food, especially nuts, for future use. * communicate through a series of chirps - with a series of sharp barks usually accompanied with flicks of their tails * competing for food take longer to train to stay away. * construct dens in the branches of oak trees usually by enlarging woodpecker holes. * consume nuts. * continue to do well mostly because they're under-harvested. * depend on oak trees for food and as places to build nests * desire nuts. * do eat birds' eggs as part of their natural diet - indeed have a homing instinct - like banana tree leaves - millions of dollars worth of home damage * don t like lavender and sage. * eat a variety of foods including acorns , various nuts , and pinecones - fresh greens as well as seeds and dried nuts - wide variety of nuts, seeds and fruits - an amazing variety of foods - mostly plants, like seeds, nuts, leaves, maple sap, bulbs, bark, flowers, and roots * eat nuts, berries and insects - berries, and other parts of plants - seeds from the fruit in winter * eat the seeds and bees make honey from the nectar of locust flowers - tomatoes to get water * eating the pine cones often free the seeds from inside. * emerge from hibernation * enjoy eating different varieties of fruits. * especially love sunflower seeds and peanuts. - nuts and seeds, fruits and other plant material, supplemented with a few insects - the seeds and deer browse the foliage * feel secure when they can hide in the blanket. * fight even among themselves. * find books to be particularly attractive nesting material * forage for seeds. * form colonies. * frequently bury extra food and dig it up later when needed. * gain access to roofs by climbing nearby trees, powerlines or trellises. * gather nuts and acorns to store for food for long winters - to last through the winter - the fallen fruits and nibble away the husk, revealing the nut within * gather, eat and store acorns and other nuts for winter. * generally consume nuts and berries for their diet - eat nuts and seeds, but fungi, insects and young birds are sometimes taken - give birth during the late spring months - have a bushy tail, large erect ears, and strong hind legs - live by themselves - their young about once or twice each year - slowly * hate winter. * have a social hierarchy determined by physical stature - active days - adaptations for survival in the wild - an omnivorous diet and normally feed on a range of foods - been know to eat the drippings and sometimes build a nest if they can get inside - choices - color vision but are blue and yellow colorblind - dichromatic color vision - faces * have four sharp claws on their front feet and five on the rear - teeth in the front of their mouth that constantly grow throughout their lives - hind limbs - large eyes, a coat of short fur, and bushy tails * have many agility points - calls and signals to communicate among each other - predators or enemies - no respect for privacy or property rights * have short forelimbs, with a small thumb, and longer hind limbs * have the ability to chew through tough shells, wood feeders and even metal - learn far faster than a human - habit of stripping the bark off trees - three different body types - upper and lower incisor teeth followed by a gap called a diastema * have very acute senses - interesting tails * hibernate during the coldest part of the winter - and sleep in a secret warm place all winter - food away for the winter, especially acorns, walnuts, and hickory nut * hunt acorns. * includes breasts - cell membranes - chest cavities - chests - corpi - cytoplasm - nuclei - pedal extremities - piluses - plasma membranes - rib cages - sections - skulls - sterna - vacuoles - vertebrate feet * inhabit every continent except Australia and Antarctica. * instinctively collect and store nuts and other seeds for winter. * invade towns. * just crack the nuts open with their powerful jaws - do the best they can, and some years have better nut seasons than others - the same den all their lives * kill and castrate other squirrels. * leave interesting tracks. * like to eat seeds, fruits, buds, bark, roots, nuts, and mushrooms. * live all over Minnesota - in North America, South America, Asia, and Africa * live in a drey that they build high up in a tree - hollowed out openings in trees created by rot or damage * live in trees and dumpsters - eat seeds, buds, fungi, cones and fruits - inside tree trunks, and rabbits live at the base of the tree * live on all continents except Australia - of the world, except Australia and Antarctica * look like they run fast and for there size and weight they do. * lose excess heat to shaded surfaces and camels to cooler night air. * love acorns * mark their territory by urinating on the surrounding trees. * mate in late winter or early spring. - within their range according to availability of food * need contain proteins * occasionally attack garden fruits and vegetables too - damage lawns by burying or searching for and digging up nuts - eat berries, insects, fungi and carrion * often bury their nuts - dig up and eat the fruiting bodies of a subterranean mushroom - focus on hickory nuts before they begin working on the acorns produced by oak trees - run along the waters edge and on a branch that stretches over parts of the pond - sun themselves on a tree branch, on a rock, or by a burrow * often use dens in winter and dreys in summer - months and dreys in summer months * ordinarily produce one or two litters of young each year. * otherwise appear to be safe and pose almost zero risk of transmitting rabies. * place their feet next to each other rather than one in front of the other. - hickory nuts, beechnuts, and white and red oak acorns - the holes made when a small limb is broken off and decays back into the trunk - to eat berry fruit - smooth, oval pellets that are slightly larger * prosper when there decent mast crop and mild winter. * ravage the crop in the forests of Ecuador. * readily accept nest boxes. * reproduce asexually. * roam wood. * run up people's pants legs and scratch their skin. * rush into trees to hide. - nuts for the winter * see only in shades of black and white, but their eyes are sharp and detect movement well. * seem particularly adept at locating, digging up and eating newly planted corms. * share habitats * show responses. * signal danger to other squirrels by chattering. * simply have one mission in life, and that's to break into feeders. * sleep in leaves in the winter. * sometimes dig and eat flower bulbs and newly planted seeds - seek out an attic as a safe location to have their young - use deceptive behavior to prevent other animals from retrieving cached food * spend less time with scents similar to their own, more with odors less like their own. * stay in their burrows at night and during the warmest part of summer days. * store food and recover it as needed - to prepare for winter * tend to avoid metal boxes while both squirrels and starlings prefer to nest in wood boxes - collect food and hide it for times when food is scarce, as in winter - move within their range according to the season and availability of food * think of owls, foxes, oak trees, etc. * thrive here and green woodpeckers nest in holes in the mature trees. - nearly mature or mature forests * to adapt to habitats. * try to, too, even though they have their own ears of corn set aside. * use body gestures and tail waving to communicate - both tree cavities and leaf nests - large leaf nests in trees - leaves to make their home - their tails to keep their balance when they are leaping and climbing * usually live in colonies of up to twenty * want food - something * wrap their tail around themselves when they sleep. + Order (biology), Examples of orders: Taxonomy * Rodents are an order. Rats and mice are in one family. Squirrels belong in another family. * The most common European squirrels are red or brown in color, while common American squirrels are grey or black. Red squirrels are protected in most of Europe. Squirrels have many predators or enemies. Foxes and raccoons eat squirrels. Hawks and owls also eat squirrels.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| squirrel: Albino squirrel * are quite common, while albino robins are less often observed - popular in some parts of the United States * ride motocycles, fish spin around chasing elusive bait. Arboreal squirrel * Most arboreal squirrels have limbs. * have hind limbs Captive squirrel * Most captive squirrels live for years. * need contain proteins	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| squirrel: Chipmunk * All chipmunks have facial stripes. * Many chipmunks dig extensive networks of burrows. * Most chipmunks achieve maturity - sexual maturity - carry food - depend on food - detect predators * Most chipmunks eat berries - leaves - nuts - vegetation - young leaves - emerge from hibernation * Most chipmunks fill cheek pouches - grow into adulthood * Most chipmunks have cheek pouches - coats - eyes - internal pouches - large pouches - sensitive eyes - undersides - white undersides - inhabit mature woodlands - leave burrows - live in woodlands - make burrows - remain in burrows - stay in burrows - use teeth - weigh ounces * Some chipmunks become pests - carry babies - construct tunnels - consume raspberry fruit * Some chipmunks consume red fruit * Some chipmunks eat crickets - insects - emerge from burrows - have senses * Some chipmunks live in basins - logs - underground burrows - make nests in logs or in bushes * Some chipmunks reach maturity - suffer poor health * also enjoy nuts and fruits - prey on young birds and their eggs * are abroad during the daytime - active during the day and sleep in their underground burrows at night - actually small squirrels, which are indigenous to North America - also members of the squirrel family - among the smallest of the ground-type squirrels, some weighing only an ounce or two - an important prey animal for a number of predators * are attracted to a variety of foods, especially nuts, grains, and berries - areas that offer food and shelter - bird feeders where they gather spilled seed - counters so their values continue to increase with time - diurnal mammals and hibernate in cold weather - easy to catch and can be caught with little effort - eight to ten inches long and weigh two and a half to four ounces - graceful and spry, quick to dart for their underground burrows when startled * are ground animals - dwellers - jittery little creatures - kept as popular and entertaining pets * are known for having an omnivorous diet - to be hibernators, even in the southern parts of their range * are located in parks - state parks - most active during the early morning and late afternoon * are most active in the early morning and late afternoon - much smaller than squirrels - native to North America - omniverous, feeding on plant and animal material - omnivores, dining on various types of foods that are found mostly on the ground - prey for many mammals and birds - proliferous, as well as deer, thrushes, r-b grosbeaks and Eastern tiger swallowtails - rodents that are a type of squirrel * are small animals that resemble grey squirrels - rodents who frequent forests or dense brush - striped squirrels in the genus Tamias - so small and fast that they can easily get lost in a large room - social animals, and both the male and female raise their young * are solitary and hibernate in the winter - in nature - strategic animals - very busy during the warmer months * are very vocal and make a variety of noises - some of the calls sound like bird chirps * build an elaborate underground burrow for sleeping. * can be a serious pest on seeds of vine crops, peas, and beans - very beneficial to humans and the environment - climb, run and swim - have both stimulatory and inhibitory impacts on ecological succession processes - store large amounts of food in their pouched cheeks - stow away an astonishing amount of food in their inner cheek pouches - tolerate a wide range of living situations - urinate and defecate when captured * cause considerable damage - serious agricultural damage - significant damage * change behavior. * chew on wiring which causes wire damage as well as wall and attic fires. * consume a diet comprised primarily of nuts, fruits and seeds. * defend territory. * demonstrate behavior. * desire nuts. * dig extensive burrow systems directly underneath or next to natural or manmade cover - their burrows, pushing or carrying excavated dirt away from the entrance - tunnels under rocks or bushes * eat a wide variety of seed, fruit, and nuts - all kinds of seeds, berries, grasses and even an occasional flower - berries, baby snakes, nuts, and grasshoppers - mostly plants, but they also eat small invertebrates such as snails or slugs - seeds, nuts, grains, and fruit - the seeds, while deer occasionally eat the foliage * enter buildings for shelter and nesting * enter into states - torpid states * excrete feces less condensed. * favor areas with stone walls or rotting logs and heavy ground cover. * feed up to six times a day, eating a small meal each time. * generally have stouter bodies than other squirrels. * get into camps and homes on occasion and can cause limited structural damage. * give birth to live babies. * greet each other by rubbing cheeks and noses. * have a hopping gait so the back feet land next to each other - similar diet, but smaller plants are consumed - an omnivorous diet primarily consisting of seeds, nuts and other fruits, and buds * have cheek pouches in which they carry food to store in their burrows - ears to listen for enemies - light colored stripes surrounded by black - limit ranges - no white undertail - the amazing ability to stuff their cheeks full of food * hibernate during the cold winter months. * includes brains - breasts - cell membranes - cells - chest cavities - chests - corpi - cytoplasm - faces - heads - nuclei - pedal extremities - piluses - plasma membranes - rib cages - sections - skulls - sterna - vacuoles - vertebrate feet - parts of a number of countries, including the United States and Russia * lead primarily solitary lives. * leave an odor when they die and they leave fecal contamination * live for two to three years in the wild and five to eight years in captivity. * live in burrows excavated in the ground, and they're more frequently heard than seen - forests and edges of forests and are also found around suburban and rural areas - woodlands, lawns, gardens, parks, and brushy areas * love berries - use of specially adapted internal cheek pouches as a method of carrying food around - various sounds to communicate * mate both in early spring and early summer - more frequently and have larger litters when food supplies are plentiful - once or twice per year and give birth to litters of one to eight offspring - two times a year, in early spring and again early in the summer * naturally feed on flower bulbs, fruit, seeds, and seedlings. * need plenty. * occasionally kill and eat birds, especially nestlings. * occupy ranges. * often seek out strawberries, blackberries and other berries that grow close to the ground. * plug their den entrances when they go underground. * prefer to live in solitude and lead self-dependant lives. * produce one or two litters a year. * remove the fresh dirt from the opening to avoid being conspicuous to predators. * require colder temperatures to hibernate. * seem to feel their emotions with their tails. * sleep alone. * sometimes are confused with red squirrels. * spend most of their days foraging - time on the ground rather than in trees - much time in late summer and fall gathering and storing food * stalk very quietly then when they are a foot away they jump after their prey. * store food - their food in their burrows * to eat food. * use holes in trees or logs * usually live about three years. * vary in size and colour depending on species.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| squirrel \| chipmunk: Least chipmunk * Most least chipmunks fill cheek pouches * Some least chipmunks reach maturity * have ranges.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| squirrel: Eastern chipmunk * Most eastern chipmunks carry food - emerge from hibernation * Most eastern chipmunks have cheek pouches - internal pouches - large pouches * Most eastern chipmunks inhabit mature woodlands * Some eastern chipmunks become pests - serious pests - consume raspberry fruit * Some eastern chipmunks consume red fruit - eat insects * are our only ground squirrel - solitary animals with limited inter-specific interactions * demonstrate behavior. - sides - three dark stripes while the western species has five * love to feed on nuts that constitute a major portion of their diet. Eastern gray squirrel * consume nuts. * have few natural predators - fur - gray fur Female squirrel * are abandoned by the male squirrel immediately after mating. * give off a strong scent that the male squirrel can detect. * reproduce by mating and then birthing live young. Fly squirrel * Most fly squirrels eat insects - pecans - truffles * Most fly squirrels have belly fur - glide membranes - skin - stretchy skin - whiskers * Most fly squirrels live in deciduous woodlands - make homes - move from trees * Most fly squirrels use broad tails * Some fly squirrels become food - live up to years - rely on truffles - use cavities * Some fly squirrels use hollow cavities - tree cavities Fox squirrel * Most fox squirrels eat buds - get water * Most fox squirrels have claws - sharp claws - vision - prefer habitats * Some fox squirrels prefer oak. - ranges * need food.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| squirrel: Gray squirrel * Most gray squirrels feed on nuts - tree nuts * Most gray squirrels have fur - look silvery gray with brownish markings on their tails - occur in areas - prefer areas - require diets - swim across lakes * Most gray squirrels thrive in different habitats - many different habitats * Some gray squirrels eat flowers. * Some gray squirrels feed on buds - larvae - have years - stay in dens - weigh grams * are a pale gray on their underparts - popularly hunted small game species in many parts of the United States - abundant - common in all wooded habitats - diurnal animals - diurnal, meaning they are most active during daylight - early risers and leave their nests with the first light of day - excellent climbers and can leap considerable distances using powerful hindlimbs - highly excitable and can cause severe damage if trapped inside a building * are more abundant where a high percentage of land is forested - agile in trees than fox squirrels - common in urban areas and in habitats heavily altered by human activities - opportunistic feeders whose diet varies with season, locality and availability - plentiful just about wherever there are trees - scatter hoarders - somewhat sociable and can tolerate other squirrels nearby * begin breeding at about one year old. * breed in late winter or early spring. * bury nuts during the fall to eat in the spring and winter. * can mate twice a year of food is very abundant. * come in many colors. * continue raiding the feeder. * eat a wide variety of seasonal plant foods. - two litters a year * like to hide acorns and nuts for later use. * live along intersecting drainages. - only in hardwood bottoms - dense, mixed canopy * search for acorns around the tanoak trees. * strip bark because they like to eat the soft sap part of a tree. * tend to be more dependent on tree cavities for nursery dens than fox squirrels. * to adapt to habitats. * use leaf and twig nests as well as dens in tree cavities. * work on their leafy nests.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| squirrel: Grind squirrel * eat food - plants * form colonies. * have contact. * live for years - in colonies * show responses.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| squirrel: Ground squirrel * All ground squirrels are diurnal. * Most ground squirrels have a grayish coloring with black or brown accents. * Some ground squirrels hibernate. * are able to rapidly invade an area - active during the day and sleep at night - common in the fields - diurnal, which means they are active during the day - mammals - more widespread and often abundant in grassland habitats - primarily vegetarians - susceptible to plague, which has wiped out entire colonies * breed once a year, averaging seven to eight per litter. * can reinvade a site by moving into vacant burrows. * eat a variety of foods depending on what is available - mostly green plant material - nuts, leaves, roots, seeds, and other plants * have a single litter a year that averages from four to nine young - claws for digging and protecting themselves - great hibernation spaces - incisors that grow continuously - large eyes located at the sides of their heads - pouches in their cheeks in which they carry food to their burrow to store - stripes, but only on their bodies * live in burrows underground - underground burrows which they dig with their sharp claws - up to their names * make loud noises when they encounter danger to alert nearby squirrels. * use their claws to get a better grip as they climb trees to reach and gather seeds. Mohave grind squirrel * come out of hibernation. * feed on seeds. * have ranges - territory * occupy areas * produce noise. * use burrows. Northern fly squirrel * have belly fur * require oxygen. Pine squirrel * Most pine squirrels eat diets. * Most pine squirrels occur in habitats - hardwood habitats Rock squirrel * Most rock squirrels get water. * are the most frequently seen mammals. * can carry off a large amount of food by packing it in their external cheek pouches.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| squirrel: Tree squirrel * Most tree squirrels eat nuts. * Most tree squirrels have a tendency to glide - lifespans - short lifespans * Most tree squirrels live in areas - wood areas - store food in the fall, to eat in the winter - weigh ounces * Some tree squirrels have two litters a year that average about three young each - play roles * are a common attraction of many urban parks - type of urban wildlife - active primarily during the day and spend their nights asleep in trees - highly territorial - the squirrels that are common in cities * build nests in tree trunk holes or high up in the branches. * develop slowly compared to other rodents. * eat most types of birdseed and relish sunflower seeds * feed on nuts, seeds, fruits, insects, greens, fungi and grains. * have a long, fluffy and very useful tail - litters of three or four young - long, bushy tails, sharp claws and large ears * keep warm by snuggling with their family in their tree nests or ground burrows. - woodlands and forests in both arid and humid environments * make nests in holes in trees or on branches. * prefer to live in tree cavities. * spend most of their lives in trees. * strip the bark off redwood, redcedar, and certain other trees to line their nests. + Squirrel * Many kinds of squirrels live in trees, so they often find nuts. Despite living in trees squirrels are considered flightless because they can only jump short distances. They eat seeds, berries and pine cones too. Sometimes they eat bird's eggs and insects. Most tree squirrels store food in the fall, to eat in the winter. Ground squirrels do not store food. They hibernate which means they spend winter in a deep sleep.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| squirrel \| tree squirrel: Black squirrel * are really just a melanistic phase of Eastern gray squirrels - the 'normal color' of squirrels in Ontario and Quebec * dislike being crowded by their own kind and the younger ones move away.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| squirrel \| tree squirrel: Red squirrel * Most red squirrels defend territory. * Most red squirrels eat buds - tree buds - feed on seeds - gather food - get fur * Most red squirrels have acorns - chatter - pitch chatter - teeth * Most red squirrels hide in places - various places * Most red squirrels live in areas - large areas - steal food - survive winter * Some red squirrels depend on coniferous trees - eat seeds * Some red squirrels have parasites - years - live in conifers - spread seeds * are active in winter and cross on the ice - also susceptible to the parapox virus - at home in conifer forests and broadleaved woodland - caught for their fur - eaten by a wide variety of animals from snakes and birds of prey to mammals - energy efficient when foraging - far less rapacious and live at lower densities than grey squirrels - films - found on both coasts of North America and are common throughout Canada and Alaska - most common in the northern pine forests, but live as far south as northern Iowa - mostly active during the day, but sometimes at night too - much crazier and more high-strung than standard grey squirrels - plentiful in the timber along Deep Red River - protected in most of Europe - red-brown above with white underparts - seed eaters - smaller and redder than the more familiar gray squirrel - so dependent that population density is directly related to seed crop cycles - still present - the primary consumers of seeds - timorous and easily stressed - tree squirrels - unsociable, highly territorial, and aggressive - very elusive and spend much of their time in the tree canopy * breed once or twice a year, depending on their geographic location - depending on where they live * build large nests, called dreys, often in the forks of tree trunks - nests, called dreys, from sticks and moss placed high in the branches * can easily crawl through small openings - eat certain mushrooms that can kill humans * can have fur ranging from sandy orange to almost black - two litters a year - live for up to six years * chatter and chickadees forage in the treetops. * clip twigs and feed on vegetative and reproductive buds in the spring. * collect food in the winter. * cut and store mature strobili, eat yellow birch seeds, and also feed on birch sap. * eat a varied diet, including insects and bird eggs - mostly seeds of pine trees - spruce and pine seeds, acorns, berries, fungi, bark and sap tissue - the buds in spring and store cone-laden branchlets for winter use * eats the seeds and the terminal buds. * get all new fur on their bodies twice a year, and once a year on their tail - excellent senses of smell, sight, and hearing - similar diets * live in a very large area in the northern half of North America - areas where there are more conifers - both conifer and broadleaved woodland - long lives compared to their size * make alarm calls when there are predators nearby. * mate primarily in the dead of winter. * prefer to live in shady northern forests with lots of tall pine trees and mushrooms. * seem to be very solitary little creatures. * spend about three-quarters of their active time above ground in trees and shrubs. * store many seeds and nuts underground, in piles, or under rocks for the winter. * take eggs and young from nests - naps, sometimes days at a time, only to emerge to feed + Squirrel * The most common European squirrels are red or brown in color, while common American squirrels are grey or black. Red squirrels are protected in most of Europe. Squirrels have many predators or enemies. Foxes and raccoons eat squirrels. Hawks and owls also eat squirrels.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| squirrel: Urban squirrel * Most urban squirrels owe their existence to humans - survive periods of food shortage by being highly opportunistic feeders * tend to have a smaller territory, they sometimes have to share resources to survive.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| squirrel: Young squirrel * Most young squirrels have teeth - live on nuts * are deaf and blind during the first few weeks of their life - naturally curious and are on their own at a very young age * enter their winter burrows later than the adults, if at all. - to learn how to open hazelnuts * remain in the nest for about six weeks. + Squirrel, Life cycle * Squirrels breed in February and March in winter, and in June and July in summer. Females may become pregnant up to twice a year. Only the mother looks after the young, which are born completely helpless. Young squirrels are deaf and blind during the first few weeks of their life. In the wild, squirrels get about 3 years old. They usually become mature after two. In captivity, squirrels were observed to live for up to 10 years. Viscacha * have incisors - upper incisors * includes brains - breasts - cell membranes - cells - chest cavities - chests - corpi - cytoplasm - faces - heads - nuclei - pedal extremities - piluses - plasma membranes - rib cages - sections - skulls - sterna - vacuoles - vertebrate feet * live in areas - remote areas * resemble other hindgut fermenters in their high apparent calcium digestibility.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent: Vole * Most voles are eaten by predators - killed by predators - less than three inches, and have a short, fur-covered tail - promiscuous, some are monogamous - avoid areas * Most voles become invasive pests - consume roots - dig shallow burrows * Most voles eat green vegetation - insects - matter * Most voles feed on fresh grass - form large colonies - have short ears * Most voles live in grassland - meadows - occupy areas * Most voles reach maturity - reproductive maturity - sexual maturity * Most voles use burrows - mole tunnels - underground tunnels * Some voles are classified as omnivores. * Some voles attain body size - carry pathogen * Some voles consume deserts - defend territory - destroy weeds - disperse from density * Some voles eat bark - seedlings - escape predators * Some voles have ancestry - distribution - high reproductive potential - mouths - senses - short tails - wounds - inhabit orchards * Some voles live for few months * Some voles live in colonies - distinct colonies - families - nuclear families - lose weight - occupy grass * Some voles prefer clean water - habitats * also can ruin lawns, golf courses, and ground covers - girdle the roots of trees and shrubs * are a protected species in some areas - active both day and night * are active day and night, year-round, with peak activity occurring at dawn and dusk - also slightly larger, usually between four to seven inches - an important part of the ecosystem - another one of the pests which usually cause nuisance damage during the winter - bigger than common mice * are classified as nongame mammals and are protected - can be controlled when causing damage - common in North America, but are found in other parts of the world also * are compact animals with stocky bodies, short legs and short tails - rodents with stocky bodies, short legs, and short tails - important food for raptors and carnivorous mammals such as weasels and skunks - less obvious pests than are moles - like candy to virtually every predator, including great horned owls, coyotes and foxes - located in fields - mammals that most likely resemble rats and mice - mostly vegetarian, feeding on a variety of grasses, herbaceous plants, bulbs, and tubers - mouse-like rodents known mostly for damaging grass, bulbs, trees and plant roots * are primarily forage and root feeders, preferring succulent grasses and legumes - vegetarian, which means they eat plants, flowers and other greenery - vegetarians, living on seeds, bark and the occasional insect * are prolific breeders and can produce four to six litters a year - reproducers that can quickly colonize an area * are rodents and belong to the same family as rats and mice - of the Northern Hemisphere, inhabiting North America, Europe and Asia - that feed on the roots and bark of plants - semi-fossorial with elaborate burrow systems * are small mammals, commonly called mice, that live in field and shrub habitats - mouse-like mammals - rodents related to muskrats that look like stocky mice * are small rodents that feed on plants - resemble mice - rodents, more similar to lemmings than to mice - small, chunky, ground-dwelling rodents - vegetarians, thriving primarily on plants, roots, grasses, tree bark, fruits and nuts - wood rats * bare very few positive attributes to humans. * belong to the animalia kingdom and are classed as mammalia - rodent category of mammals and have a striking resemblance to mice * breed quickly. * can cause extensive damage by girdling trees and damaging roots - problems by damaging lawns, gardens, tree plantings and other plants - create as much damage as a gopher - damage lawns by constructing runways and clipping grass very close to the roots - increase in numbers rapidly due to the quickness of their sexual maturity - multiply fast because of which they are often termed as baby makers * cause considerable damage - extensive damages to crops or plantings due to their feeding habits - severe damage - trees to die and fall, which is expensive and dangerous, by eating all the roots * chew plants and bulbs, grasses and roots. * come in various species, including prairie and montane voles. * construct an extensive system of underground tunnels with numerous burrow entrances - many surface runways and underground tunnels with numerous burrow entrances * continue to thrive during the cold of winter using the snow for cover. * dig burrows - many short, shallow burrows and make underground nests of grass, stems, and leaves * eat a variety of grasses, forbs and agricultural Crops - and agricultural and garden crops - plants, especially grasses and forbs - grasses, fruits, seeds, insects, bark and fungi - many field crops, especially when populations are high - nuts, most fruits, and tree needles * eat the bark of young trees in winter - grass, as well as seeds from many plants - roots of plants for the most part * enjoy freedom. * feed on bulbs, plant roots, root crops and tree bark and roots - grass and use tunnels to move about under the snow * forage through a network of tunnels in the world between ground and snowpack. * form colonies - huge colonies * generally die out when in enclosed space, regardless of predator presence - use the tunnels that moles make * have a high reproductive potential - number of unusual chromosomal traits - varied diet and are considered omnivores - broader faces than other small rodents with smaller ears and beady eyes - other common names, including meadow mice, ground moles, field mice, and meadow moles - life spans, ranging from two to sixteen months - tails and small eyes and feet - chest cavities - pedal extremities - vertebrate feet * invade abandoned tunnels made by moles and gophers rather than dig their own. * leave no mounds at all behind * like to eat the roots of plants. * live about one year. * live in a wide variety of habitats at elevations ranging from sea level to high mountains - where they have adequate overhead cover from predators and a sufficient food supply * make runways through the grass. * nest underground, eating bark from the roots near the surface. * occupy a large area of the planet, including most of North America - areas with heavy ground cover, grasses, grass-like plants or litter * often damage lawns and golf courses by constructing runways and burrow systems - turn cannibalistic and a trap with fragments of skin usually indicates additional voles * outwardly resemble several other small animals. * prefer soft ground so that they are usually found in areas with a thick layer of peat. * primarily eat roots and bulbs. * readily girdle small trees and ground cover much like a porcupine. * reproduce throughout the entire year, with peak rates in the spring and summer. * require a full canopy cover for protection from predators. * resemble mice, but they are much smaller, with shorter tails and smaller eyes and ears - rats and mice but have shorter tails and heavier, cylindrical bodies * search for food sources * serve as a delicious meal to owls, snakes, hawks, coyotes, foxes, badgers, mink and weasels. * tend to live in burrows that have various exit holes. * tunnel through snow to any depth - under litter and eat the root system of plants * use mole tunnels to navigate underground and save themselves some digging * usually damage plants at or just beneath the soil surface, making adequate coverage difficult - nest near the base of a tree trunk - spend majority of their time underground and are pure herbivores in nature	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| vole: Bank vole * are either nocturnal or diurnal and are active throughout the year - omnivorous , meaning that they eat other animals and plants + Bank vole, Behavior, Feeding: Rodents * Bank voles are omnivorous, meaning that they eat other animals and plants. They eat insects, snails, grass, seeds, fungi, leaves and fruit, like raspberry and hazelnut. They have also been known to eat the bodies of dead animals. Female vole * Most female voles reach maturity - reproductive maturity * are very territorial.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| rodent \| vole: Meadow vole * Most meadow voles avoid areas - dig shallow burrows * Most meadow voles eat insects - matter * Most meadow voles feed on fresh grass - form large colonies - live in meadows * Most meadow voles reach maturity - reproductive maturity * Most meadow voles use tunnels - underground tunnels * Some meadow voles carry pathogen - destroy weeds - eat roots * Some meadow voles have crucial roles - distribution - mouths - senses - live for years * Some meadow voles prefer grassland - habitats * dig burrows * form colonies Montane vole * are nocturnal during the summer, but primarily diurnal during winter. * possess scent glands on the hips, near the anus, and on the male genitalia. Wild rodent * Most wild rodents carry bacteria - cause damage * Some wild rodents cause illnesses. Several small mammal * feed on fruit. * ingest diets - protein diets	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal: Skunk * All skunks have long claws used for digging up worms, insects, and grubs - the ability to discharge a nauseating musk from their anal glands * CAN go into heat as early as nine months of age. * Many skunks live in underground dens that they line with dry leaves. * Most skunks belong to families - come out at night - conserve energy * Most skunks descend from ancestors - common ancestors - dig shape holes - drink water * Most skunks eat food - vegetables - get diets * Most skunks has-part glands - tails - teeth * Most skunks have big feet - ears - eyesights - fur - organs - poor eyesights - predators - short ears - stripes - toes - white stripes - keep burrows * Most skunks live in areas - up to years - possess coats - raise tails - rely on senses - reside in dens - serve as pests * Most skunks use burrows - woodchuck burrows * SKunks can be other colors too. * Some skunks act as scavengers - also have a taste for garbage - are lactose intolerant * Some skunks carry diseases - viruses - cause irritation - consume mice - destroy eggs - die within life * Some skunks eat bees - enter burrows - gain height * Some skunks have edges - ranges - triangular patches - infect with rabies - live in homes * Some skunks lose bones - weight - possess viruses - prefer dens - seek insects - stay in burrows - use claws * also carry distemper, which can be deadly to dogs * also dig and feed on cutworms - holes in lawns, golf courses, and gardens * also eat birdseed and readily raid garbage containers in urban and suburban areas - fruits, nuts, garden crops, and scavenge on garbage, birdseed, and pet food * also eat mice, frogs and fruit - young rabbits, ground squirrels, voles, birds, and bird eggs - enjoy dog food and cat food * also feed on corn and other planted grains - rodents, so eliminating rodent problems can reduce the attraction for skunks - the eggs of upland game birds and waterfowl - live under old buildings - make night noises under buildings or porches and decks - tear apart logs and dig up nests of wasps and other insects in search of a meal - wake to seek food if the temperature warms even slightly * apparently try to avoid getting ANY musk on their fur. * are a common carrier of the rabies virus - lead carrier of rabies - nocturnal animal and generally ignore humans - reservoir species for rabies and carry skunk rabies variants - significant carrier of rabies in the United States - about the size of a large domestic cat * are active at dusk and throughout the night - year-round - adept as using their scent glands as an weapon against predators - attracted to residential areas by the availability of food, water, and shelter - black with either stripes or spots of white running down their backs * are capable of breeding in their first year - making a number of sounds, but ordinarily are silent - spray - color blind, but they can see very well at night - common in suburban areas - complicated pets, kind of like a cross between a cat, a dog, and a human toddler * are dormant for about a month during the coldest part of the winter - one month during the coldest part of the winter * are easy to catch in live traps - recognize with their distinct black and white coloring - eaten by foxes, dogs, bobcats, coyotes, or cougars only very occasionally - fair swimmers, but prefer to stay out of water - fearless, but they are also very peaceful - furbearers meaning they can be harvested for their fur * are generally immune to the venom of local snakes - nocturnal and get up and start looking for food around sunset - heavy bodied with short legs, triangular heads, and long, plume-like tails - host to fleas, lice, mites, ticks and various internal parasites - individuals from the weasel family, all of which have aromatic organs on the rear-end - legendary for the defensive power of their foul smelling spray - less active during the cooler winter months and more active when the weather warms up - located in forests - mammals known for their ability to spray a liquid with a strong odor * are members of the weasel family, all of which possess scent glands near the anus - most abundant in counties that have small tracts of unbroken forests - mostly nocturnal animals, which means they are most active at night - mustelids and are susceptible to canine distemper virus infection - nighttime creatures, dynamic and bolstering amid night hours - nocturnal and reclusive * are nocturnal animals, active and feeding during night hours - meaning they are active from dusk to dawn - which means they come out during the nighttime and they are very active * are nocturnal, active from dusk to dawn, sleeping during the day in their dens - becoming active from sunset to slightly after sunrise - notorious for the foul odor of their spray and their digging habits * are notorious for their ability to discharge an obnoxious scent upon provocation - anal scent glands, which they can use as a defensive weapon - primary protective behavior - omnivores * are omnivorous and include poultry and eggs in their diet when available - but they mostly eat insects * are omnivorous, eating mice, eggs, insects, grubs, fruit, carrion, and shrews - which is the main reason they prefer wooded areas - one of the primary carriers of the rabies virus * are opportunistic eaters with a varied diet - eaters, and their diets are flexible, often shifting with the seasons - feeders, feeding on both plant and animal material - perhaps most well known for their defense strategy - pets for a certain type of person - placid, retiring and non-aggressive - primarily nocturnal - quadrupeds - rare - second only to raccoons when it comes to cases of reported rabies - shy with their bathroom habits - slow moving and docile - small mammals with distinctive physical and behavioral adaptations * are solitary animals for most of the year - animals, except when raising young or sharing a den during cold periods * are susceptible to distemper and rabies - talented and like to make their own beds * are the main reservoir for the disease - primary carriers of rabies in the Midwest - smelliest mammals - thieves * are usually active from early evening through most of the night - after grubs - vertebrates known for their capacity to shower a fluid with disgusting scent * are very adaptable and often find food and nesting sites around human habitations - animals, often living in close proximity to man - loving and protective of their young - sensitive about their feet and nails - special animals - susceptible to rabies - vulnerable to a variety of internal and external parasites * become a nuisance when burrowing and feeding habits conflict with humans - they come into the human world - problem when their activities conflict with human interests - nuisances * belongs to the weasel family, including the river otter, mink, fisher, ermine and wolverine. * can accurately spray their smelly fluid as far as ten feet. * can also cause severe damage to gardens and lawns by their digging activities - live beneath brushpiles, rockpiles, stacked lumber and wrecked automobiles * can be a nuisance because of their odor - active year-round - fun to watch, and behave quite similar to cats - very loving pets - become trapped in window wells * can carry rabies and be destructive to lawn and home - the virus for months in their saliva without showing symptoms - climb, especially young skunks - damage lawns when they dig in search of insect larvae or roots * can dig their own burrows - under foundations and take up residence under homes or in other buildings * can discharge pungent chemicals from glands under their tails - the spray several times within a short period - their scent glands several times within a short period - eat wasps, bees and their honey without getting stung - escape out of the smallest of places * can get both canine and feline distemper - through holes that are quite small * can live about ten years in captivity - under under patios, stoops, sheds and decks - quickly become a nuisance when digging holes in the lawn and flower beds - survive on a wide variety of foods - transmit rabies to other skunks or to humans, pets, or other animals * cause problems. * consume diets. * die from a variety of causes. - holes in lawns, golf courses, and gardens to search for grubs in the soil - small round holes, and in some cases actually roll up large chunks of sod * discharge an obnoxious scent when provoked. * display their warning loud and clear with their black body and white stripes. * eat a wide variety of food - caterpillers and other insects such as beetles, crickets, and grasshoppers - insects, worms, snakes, mice, eggs, fruit and vegetables - pest animals, such as rats, mice, and other rodents - plants and domestic animal foods - whatever foods are available * emerge from dens. * enjoy a varied diet. * exhibit characteristics. * fear very little in the wild, including man. * feed at night on grubs living in the soil. * find shelter under buildings or in ground burrows taken over from other animals. * follow mothers. * forage for grubs. * have a relatively small head, short legs, wide rear end, and a long, bushy haired tail - tendency to roam, and have very minimal homing instincts - development * have many natural predators - small pads on the soles of their feet - no homing instincts * have poor eyesights - vision and sometimes spray because they are unaware of the approach of a human * have sharp claws on the front feet used for digging insects and worms - paws on the front feet utilized for burrowing bugs and worms - teeth and extremely long fangs and can give a very serious bite - tendency to want to live under porches and decks - trouble digesting processed foods * hibernate in the winter. * includes brains - breasts - cell membranes - cells - chest cavities - chests - corpi - cytoplasm - faces - nuclei - pedal extremities - piluses - plasma membranes - rib cages - sections - skulls - sterna - vacuoles - vertebrate feet * kill poultry and eat eggs. * lift tails. * live in a variety of habitats - small groups and often share a burrow with the fox or raccoon who dug it - underground dens, usually renovated woodchuck burrows, or in rocky crevasses - under sheds, decks and porches * look for the grubs in soil and often search in newly dug gardens. * love skunks. * lower heads. * make a variety of sounds, including hisses, growls, squeals, soft cooings and churrings - vocalizations that include hisses, growls, squeals and cooings * move to locations. * newly awakened from winter hibernation are slow to recognize danger. * normally range within a quarter to one-half a square mile of their den. * now come in brown, white, gray, blonde, lavender, black and any and all shades in between. * occasionally bother bee-hives - beehives * often become trapped in window wells - fall down basement window wells as well * only stay in one place for a long time when they are mostly inactive during the winter - store enough fluid to spray around five times * particularly potent variety of marijuana developed in Holland. * prefer areas of mixed woodlands and fields - to eat meat and insects but also dine on vegetation and any food with a strong odor * present a particularly stinky problem for dogs and their owners. * produce the spray in glands on both sides of their tails. * release scent - strong and offensive odors - their extremely keen sense of smell to locate food, and predators * remain as a reservoir of the virus. * remain in handstand positions * require fresh all natural ingredients in their diet in order to thrive. * save some farms during the Depression by the income from their pelts. * see well up to only about three feet. * seek grubs. * shake tails. * share dens. * sleep throughout the winter except during warm spells when they emerge to forage. * sometimes become a pest to homeowners. * spray musks - their enemies with oily yellow musk when they are angry or afraid - to defend themselves from predators * survive years. * take up residences. * tear out divots of turf that are three to six inches in diameter. * tend marry turtles - to re-use their winter dens * typically have visible claw marks in their tracks. - odor to protect themselves, and octipi hide themselves in dense clouds of ink - underground dens year-round for daytime resting, hiding, birthing and rearing young * usually begin foraging after dark and are back in their dens before daylight - give ample warning before they spray their musk - have a black coat with two white stripes down the back - hunt alone - mate during the early spring or late winter - spray behind, but can also spray to the side and in front by twisting the body * utilize dens of a variety of structures and possible locations.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| skunk: Female skunk * Most female skunks share communal dens. * burrow together for their long winter hibernation. Spot skunk * Most spot skunks have stripes - white stripes * Some spot skunks have ranges. * lower heads. * remain in handstand positions Strip skunk * conserve energy. * eat plants. * have ears - few natural predators - short ears - white stripes * live in areas. * raise tails. * reach maturity - sexual maturity * rely on senses. * survive first years. Wild skunk * Most wild skunks survive years. * are black and white, but the patterns vary - omnivorous and spend much of their waking time foraging for food * eat anything from insects and snakes to fruits and veggies. Young skunk * Most young skunks follow mothers. * Some young skunks stay in burrows.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal: Sloth * All sloths are solitary by nature, and come together only to mate. * All sloths have three toes on each hind foot * Most sloths are about the size of a small dog and they have short , flat heads - of a small dog and they have short, flat flat heads - belong to genus - consume food - display predatory instinct - drink water * Most sloths eat diets - dry food - insects * Most sloths hang from limbs - tree limbs * Most sloths have brown fur - cervical vertebrae - claws - coats - eye sight - faces - full stomachs - habits - hooks - long claws - neck vertebrae - necks - offspring - pale fur - poor eye sight - shaggy fur - short necks * Most sloths have tan coats - teeth - upper teeth - lead solitary life - live in trees * Most sloths possess neck vertebrae * Most sloths rely on mothers - powerful senses - retain moisture - survive for years * Some sloths eat leaves - tree leaves * Some sloths feed on fruit - grab arms * Some sloths have chambers - chemicals - metabolism - nutrients - slow metabolism - toxic chemicals - infect with viruses * Some sloths reach maturity - starve to death - stay in the same tree for years * actually let algae grow on their hides so they can camouflage themselves better. * also carry a highly specific community of commensal beetles, mites and moths. * are confined to the wooded regions of tropical America, extending northward into Mexico - entirely nocturnal, meaning they eat at night - herbivorous - hunted by jaguars, harpy eagles, and people * are located in amazons - asses - bad dreams - basements - books - brazils - cages - chairs - civil services - commercials - countrysides - dictionaries - encyclopedias - farms - gardens - habitats - mailboxs - museums - nights - picture books - rain forests - schools - soup - stories - transits * are located in tropical forests - rainforests - tropics - universes - wildernesses - work - worlds - mammals,so they reproduce sexually - medium-sized mammals that live in the Central and South American rainforests - more closely related to anteaters than armadillos - mortal sin - nocturnal animals, who spend their time hanging upside down on the tree branches - nocturnal, they are most active at night and sleep all day - omnivores - meaning that they eat both meat and plants - part of the Animalia kingdom - prey upon by jaguars , large birds of prey , snakes and humans - related to anteaters, a group of mammals known as edentates - reluctance - slow moving and spend most of their lives in the trees hanging upside down - so slothful that moss grows on their fur - solitary animals and only come together to mate - some of the slowest-moving animals in all of nature, just because they are lazy - strictly herbivorous, and are primarily leaf eaters * are the slowest mammals in the world - moving mammals, who spend their life moving from one tree to another - thought to be distantly related to animals like anteaters and armadillos - too slow to catch their own food, which is pretty sad considering they mainly eat plants - tree dwelling mammals that pass their time sleeping and eating - tree-dwelling mammals with tiny heads and long arms * are tropical mammals that live in Central and South America - rainforest animals that are spread in South America - unique to the Americas - nothing like it exists in Asia or Africa - vegetarian * are very good at swimming - hairy animals and there body has to be able to hold a lot of nutrients * breed at any time during the year. * can account for as much as two-thirds of the mammalian biomass in their range - feed in all positions, even hanging upside down - only live in limited place - swim well * climb trees. * consume dry food * defend themselves by biting and lashing out with their arms and formidable claws. * deposit dungs. * display instinct * do almost everything hanging upside down in trees, including mating. - leaves, flower petals and other plant products - the leaves of around fifteen to thirty different kinds of trees * eat, sleep and mate high above the ground. * frequently form bonds with humans. * give birth to their babies with their stomach facing up - within the tree canopy * hang from branches by their claws as they feed on leaves * have a four-part stomach that slowly digests the leaves with bacteria - large, four-chambered stomach, like a cow - offspring once every year - ability - an image of laziness and inactivity - curve claws - features - fewer muscles than any other mammal - flexibility - fossil genus - heal ability - long, shaggy fur that they groom carefully every day - one young * have pale brown fur * have poor eye sight - preference - ranges * have short jaws with teeth, the tail is short or absent - simple rootless molars which grow throughout life - small molars which they use to chew up their leafy food - two coats, a softer inner coat and an outer coat that is longer and coarser in texture * have unique ability - very slow digestive systems because of what they eat * hold onto tree branches with strong, curved claws that are on each of their four feet. * includes brains - breasts - cell membranes - cells - chest cavities - chests - corpi - cytoplasm - nuclei - pedal extremities - piluses - plasma membranes - rib cages - sections - skulls - sterna - vacuoles - vertebrate feet * is hesitation * lead life * live alone or occasionally in pairs - here, as do tapirs, jaguars and ocelots - rainforest such as South America and some parts of Asia * live in the rainforests of South and Central America - tropical rain forests of central and south America - off of leaves, buds, and tender shoots - on trees, and never remove from one until they have stripped it of every leaf * mate in trees and give birth to their young in trees. * move only when necessary and even then very slowly - so slowly their movements are nearly indiscernible * now live in trees, eating leaves and moving with painful slowness. * only come down on the ground about once a week to defecate and urinate. * prefer flourescent lights that flicker on slowly and take a while to light up completely - sleeping while curled into a ball in the fork of a tropical tree * show preference - strong preference * sometimes let out a cry or hissing sound - remain hanging from branches after death * spend almost all of their lives in the trees - most of their lives hanging upside-down from tree branches - the majority of their lives in the trees * sport claws. * stay up in trees most of the day, almost never coming down. * survive events - stages * take two weeks to digest their food. * use their surrounding to adjust their body temperatures. * usually eat leaves from the trees they find in South America. + Sloth, Physical description: Xenarthrans * Most sloths are about the size of a small dog and they have short, flat heads. Their hair is grayish brown but, at times they look grey-green in color because they move so slowly that tiny camouflaging algae grow all over their coats. They have hooklike claws on their arms and legs to keep them attached to trees.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| sloth: Tree sloth * Most tree sloths have genus * are small, sleep creatures that seem to move in slow motion. * have fossil genus<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal: Small mammal * Many small mammals eat moth larvae, too - live in shelters or burrows underground * Many small mammals use downed hollow logs or brush piles for cover or nesting sites - stored food to power thermogenic metabolism * Most small mammals adapt to cold conditions - belong to families - cross paths * Most small mammals eat grass - plants - seeds - feed on fruit - find foliage * Most small mammals have impact - long noses - real impact - spots - ingest protein diets * Most small mammals inhabit areas - mountain areas - play roles - weigh kgs * Some small mammals attract cougars. * Some small mammals become diets - pests - belong to weasels * Some small mammals browse huckleberries - on foliage - red huckleberries - cause damage - dig burrows * Some small mammals eat adult bullfrogs - crops - insects * Some small mammals feed on acacias - have short lifespans * Some small mammals hibernate over months - winter months - kill on roads * Some small mammals live at elevation - high elevation * Some small mammals live in areas * Some small mammals live on hills - rocky hills - make up diets * Some small mammals use burrows - dead wood - weigh ounces * are also important food, especially voles, mice and shrews - generalist predators and gypsy moths make up a small component of their diet - important components of many terrestrial ecosystems - more subject to predation due to loss of ground cover - numerous - present as well as some deer, coyotes, and an occasional cougar - the primary means by which hypogeous fungal spores are dispersed - their natural prey base * become the prey of choice during late fall and winter. * consume conifer seeds, and also eat seedlings. * dominate the marten's cuisine. - plums * feed hungrily on berries to build up fat for the cold season ahead * have characteristic ways of opening hazel nuts - very sensitive skin, so powerful shampoos can be harmful * hunt at nights. * including squirrels, porcupines, beavers, bears and deer inhabit the surrounding area. * ingest diets * may have difficulty. * tend to be clean and lively. * use a variety of tactics. * vary enormously in their litter sizes. Smaller mammal * Many smaller mammals are year-round residents, and serve as prey for hawks and both types of eagles. * are snowshoe rabbits and lemmings. * seem to favor seeds. Spiny anteater * Some spiny anteaters have fur - pouches - thick fur * lay a single egg in a temporary protective pouch on the mother's belly.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal: Tamandua * Most tamanduas have teeth. * Some tamanduas eat ants. * Some tamanduas have body temperature * are anteaters - largely solitary and are active day or night - silky-blonde with black marks on the shoulders and around the eyes * find food. * have a prehensile tail that aids in climbing - claws - curve snouts - four clawed digits on the forefeet and five on the hindfeet - long snouts - measurements - problems - remain teeth - short, stiff, tan to brown hair - shorter fur and proportionately shorter muzzles than giant anteaters * includes brains - breasts - cell membranes - cells - chest cavities - chests - corpi - cytoplasm - faces - heads - nuclei - pedal extremities - piluses - plasma membranes - rib cages - sections - skulls - sterna - vacuoles - vertebrate feet * is an edentate * live in different habitats - many different habitats - rainforests - the tropical rainforest - trees * manufacture a potent musk in their anal glands which they use for marking territory. * tetradactyla is present in a number of protected areas - relatively common species * use claws - their powerful forearms for self defense	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| tamandua: Northern tamandua * Some northern tamanduas eat ants. * have measurements. - many different habitats<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal: Tayra * Most tayras feed on fruit - have tails * Some tayras are distinguished by bushy tails * Some tayras have animals - chests - vision * are found between central Mexico to tropical southern South America - in tropical areas and evergreen forests - long, slender animals with an appearance similar to weasels and martens * are omnivores, but they hunt, too, and can kill animals larger than themselves - meaning that they eat both meat and plant food - solitary diurnal animals, although occasionally active during the evening or at night * have long claws and pronounced canines * includes brains - breasts - cell membranes - cells - chest cavities - corpi - cytoplasm - ears - faces - heads - nuclei - pedal extremities - piluses - plasma membranes - rib cages - sections - skulls - sterna - vacuoles - vertebrate feet * look for fruit, small vertebrates, and invertebrates, as well as eggs, lizards and carrion. Terrestrial mammal * Most terrestrial mammals are susceptible to rabies virus infection - live in environments * Most terrestrial mammals produce concentrate urine - show differences * Some terrestrial mammals live in areas - burrows * Some terrestrial mammals prey on birds - flightless birds - use echolocation * can walk, run, dig, climb, swim, or fly to new areas. * have hair that covers their bodies.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal: Tree shrew * Most tree shrews have claws - fluffy tails * Tree Shrews live on a diet of fruits and small insects. * are generally fond of water for both drinking and bathing - little mousy creatures, some of which hunt for insects in trees Madagascar - mammals that give minimal attention to their young - omnivorous - placentals - very nervous, inquisitive, and generally aggressive animals * feed on insects and fruit, and are distributed throughout India and south-east Asia. - long tails, a pointed nose, and sharp curved claws * lack binocular vision generally found in true primates.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal: Ungulate * All Ungulates walk on the tip of their toes, or hoofs. * Most ungulates consume red foliage - develop a chronic long-term wasting disease, as seen in infected domestic cattle - eat grass - give birth to young that are able to walk and run within a few hours after birth * Most ungulates have alimentary canals - mandibles - senses - produce manure - use energy * Some ungulates adapt to life. * Some ungulates are distinguished by toes - member of families - destroy vegetation - eat plants - find protection in herds as they graze throughout the year - have humps - live in zoos * account for the vast majority of large herbivores currently on earth. * are any animal that possesses hooves - hoofed mammals from two orders, artiodactyla and perissodactyla * are mammals with hoofs, like horses and deer - native to every continent except Antarctica and Australia - placentals * consume foliage * experience weather. * have a special foot anatomy - roles - stomachs * includes brains - cannon bones - cell membranes - hip sockets - plasma membranes * inhabit terrains. * share habitats. Ungulate mammal * Most ungulate mammals belong to families - taxonomic families * Some ungulate mammals chew cuds. ### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate: Anoa * All anoas usually travel at a trot and occasionally make clumsy leaps. * Some anoas have black coats * includes brains - corpi - heads - hip sockets - piluses - plasma membranes - second stomachs * inhabit areas. * is buffalo * live alone or in pairs, rather than herds, except when the cows are about to give birth. * take places.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| anoa: Mountain anoa * Some mountain anoas have black coats * have a dark brown or black coat which is very woolly. * occur in a number of protected areas.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate: Antelope * are a common sight on the rolling grasslands of eastern and central Montana - efficient users of grassland * are found mostly in Africa below the Sahara , and parts of Asia - primarily on the arid short grass prairies of the western United States - grazers and browsers, so they eat lots of grass and shrubs - gregarious - important to habitats as grazers and browsers - more isolated and in lower numbers in the Northwest and Southwest Areas - primarily browsers, especially on sagebrush, with grass being only a minor food source - prominent in the park and can be easily seen because of their white markings - symbols of cooperation and solidarity within the village - the surviving members of an ancient family of grazing animals native to North America - very popular in combination with either mulies or whitetails * belong to the bovid family, which also includes buffalo, cattle, sheep and goats. * bitterbrush occurs with sage-brush in the southern half of Jackson Hole. * change mating habits under the spell of islands * clade in relation to logio body mass and logio group size. * display different defensive behaviours based on their size, habitat , number and species. * have a wide variety of coverings, though most have a dense coat of short fur - horns , and can also run fast * live in a wide range of habitats. * naturally travel long distances, moving to where water and forage are available. * occur primarily in the western half of the state with their major range in the Panhandle. * are found mostly in Africa below the Sahara, and parts of Asia. True antelope have horns which are unbranched and never shed, while Pronghorns have branching horns, and shed annually. + Defence against predators, Primary defences, Methods, For prey with defences: Co-evolution :: Ecology * The second kind of defence is very obvious. These are permanent visible defences. For larger prey animals this can be effective if linked to another defence. Thus, in natural habitats, elephants have tusks, and they also have huge size. Antelope have horns, and can also run fast. Almost all large herbivores live in herds, which undoubtedly is safer than living alone.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| antelope: Addax * All addaxes are herbivores. * eat grass. * give birth to one calf at any time of the year but more commonly in spring or autumn. * have blood - eyes - legs - thick legs * includes brains - breasts - cannon bones - cell membranes - cells - chest cavities - chests - corpi - cytoplasm - ears - faces - heads - hip sockets - hoofs - nuclei - piluses - plasma membranes - rib cages - second stomachs - sections - skulls - sterna - vacuoles * inhabit arid regions * is an antelope * live in herds of two to fifty animals, usually led by a dominant older male. * possess hoofs. African antelope * Most african antelopes have heads - live in safety * Some african antelopes occur in large numbers * come in many sizes and are adapted to eating different kinds of food.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| antelope: Blackbuck * All blackbuck have white eye rings, chin patch, chest, belly, and inner legs. * Most blackbucks eat grass - have food consumption * Most blackbucks possess horns - long horns * Most blackbucks reach maturity - sexual maturity - survive on diets * Some blackbucks are killed illegally especially where they co-occur with nilgai - become pests * Some blackbucks have rings * are also very territorial and sensitive to environmental pressures - considered one of the fastest animals in the world - grazers that feed primarily on grass in open prairies - gregarious antelopes that congregate in open plains and form territories - hunted for their flesh and skin - indigenous to open plains of India, Pakistan and Nepal - particularly fast animals and can outrun most predators - primarily grazers - territorial, defecating in several large piles every day - the only endemic antelope of India and occur patchily across the subcontinent * do require a dependable water source and shelter during periods of snow. * feed on short grass, and various cultivated grains. * generally resemble gazelle, found on the Arabian peninsula. * have a graceful and slender build * includes brains - cell membranes - chest cavities - faces - sections - skulls - sterna - vacuoles * prefer to graze on short to mid-length grasses but also browse on common brush species. * rely mainly on eyesight to avoid capture. * tend to inhabit open grasslands and are primarily diurnal. ### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| antelope \| blackbuck: Male blackbuck * are a rich dark brown, becoming darker with age. * possess long horns, ringed at the base, and spirally twisted up to five turns.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| antelope: Bushbuck * Most bushbucks consume herbs - emit bark * Most bushbucks have spots - white spots - live in areas * Most bushbucks prefer thick vegetation - require food * Some bushbucks eat flowers. * Some bushbucks have crests - patches - ranges - senses - small home ranges * absorbs majority of required water from the food. * are hunted by humans. * can be very destructive to agricultural crops and gardens. * consume grass * have a keen sense of smell - breasts - cannon bones - cells - chests - corpi - cytoplasm - ears - heads - hip sockets - hoofs - nuclei - piluses - plasma membranes - rib cages - second stomachs * is an antelope - same areas * spend most of their time eating, ruminating, resting, and moving. * vary in colour from reddish brown to almost black with white spots or stripes.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| antelope: Eland * Most elands adapt to habitats. * Most elands exist in countries - neighbor countries * Most elands have hoofs - large hoofs - legs - tails * Some elands conserve water * are a social herd antelope - also hosts to several kinds of ticks - considered to be an animal endowing peace, well-being, healing and prosperity - herbivorous - the largest and heaviest of all the East African antelopes * can also vary their diet, breaking off high branches with their horns. * can survive in the scarcity of water, a great advantage over domestic cattle - on scarce water, which great advantage over domestic cattle * do, however, avoid forests, swamps and deserts. * generally are light tan, but males darken to grey with age. * have a dewlap below the neck - experience - track record experience - cannon bones - chests - cytoplasm - ears - faces - plasma membranes * live in both steppe and sparse forests - small herds and are primarily browsers rather than grazers - mainly in grassland, savannah and other open places * prefer a vegetarian diet. * provide large amount of tender meat, as well as high-quality hides. * reportedly are the largest antelopes in the world. * reside in Southern Africa and along the Southern African plateau. * travel large distances through the year. ### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| antelope \| eland: Giant eland * Most giant elands have legs. * reach maturity - sexual maturity	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| antelope: Gazelle * Many gazelle die during winter due to malnutrition. * Many gazelles are in danger of extinction - have lyre-shaped horns, but there is considerable variation among the species * Most gazelles eat grass - follow patterns - has-part eyes * Most gazelles have antlers - chamber stomachs - glands - long tongues - muscular flexibility - necks - patches - senses - sides - slender necks * Most gazelles live in Africa - habitats - the hot, dry savannas and deserts of Africa and Asia * Most gazelles live on african grassland - require water - survive in deserts * Some gazelles become prey - break vertebrae - eat shrubs - feed at nights * Some gazelles have bands - brown stripes - desert habitats - flank stripes - pale stripes - pedals - teenagers - white stripes * Some gazelles live in altitude mountains - areas - low altitude mountains - obtain moisture - reproduce during years - require muscular effort. * are mostly found in the grasslands and savannas of Africa, but they are also found in southwest Asia. Gazelles are known as fast animals. They can reach high speeds for long periods of time. They usually live in herds. They eat plants and leaves. They show a special way of running slowly and jumping high when they are chased by lions or cheetahs - automobiles - browsers and grazers, feeding on grasses, herbs, and shrubs - companies - found all over Africa - herbivores - swift animals - widely for their unique ways of mobility * are located in deserts - encyclopedias - fear - ivory coasts - open fields - parks - rain - ruts - steppes - stores - television programs - trees - wildernesses - zoos - mammals which are closely related to antelopes - medium sized antelopes * are medium-sized antelopes especially adapted to dry conditions - found in Africa and in Asia as far east as Mongolia - that have long, ringed horns - thin, graceful antelopes that live in Africa and Asia * breed seasonally so that births coicide with grass growth in spring. * conserve water by concentrating their urine. * constitute much of what cheetahs consume. * engage in behavior - stotting or pronking gait when playing or alarmed * exhibit dimorphism. * exist in all sectors of industry. * have a slender build with proportionally long necks and legs - stiff-legged jump called a stot - an unusual pronging gait - curve antlers - different coat colours according to the species - polygynous mating habits * includes brains - breasts - cell membranes - cells - chest cavities - chests - corpi - cytoplasm - faces - heads - hip sockets - nuclei - piluses - rib cages - second stomachs - sections - skulls - sterna - vacuoles * is an antelope - grasslands and sometimes in the deserts also - male-led herds, with the size varying with the species * mark territory. * outrun lions. * rely on their speed to escape from predators. * roam cliffs - the craggy cliffs where eagles can be spotted in their nets * run from carnivores. * seem to be well adapted physiologically to live in harsh desert extremes. * share similarity. * use water. * usually occur in dry open country or brushland. ### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| antelope \| gazelle: Female gazelle * Most female gazelles have horns. * Some female gazelles reproduce during years. * copulate with more then one male. Mountain gazelle * Most mountain gazelles have horns - live in habitats * Some mountain gazelles live in altitude mountains * are a dark brown with white underparts, flanks, and light brown limbs. * can withstand severe climatic conditions.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| antelope: Gerenuk * Most gerenuks have horns - offspring * Some gerenuks feed on shrubs - have glands - hide in bushes * Some gerenuks stand on hind limbs * are adaptable eaters. * feed on acacias. - skulls - cannon bones - corpi - cytoplasm - hoofs - nuclei - plasma membranes - rib cages * live in small groups of two to twelve animals - groups, some made up of females and their young and other exclusively males Greater kudu * are a large type of antelope - found in a variety of habitats throughout southern and eastern Africa - reddish brown to blue-gray in color * is an antelope * prefer savannas, though they can live wherever a wide range of vegetation grows. * tend to stay mainly in woodland areas and grasslands where cover is more abundant. Hartebeest * are classified in phyla. * defend territory. * feed on grass. * includes brains - breasts - cell membranes - cells - chest cavities - chests - cytoplasm - ears - faces - heads - hip sockets - nuclei - piluses - second stomachs - sections - skulls - sterna - vacuoles * inhabit dry savanna * occupy positions - unique positions * prefer open woodlands * produce grunt sound Kudu * have blades - horns - legs - predators * hide in woodlands. * includes brains - cell membranes - cells - plasma membranes - sections * originate in hemispheres - northern hemispheres ### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| antelope \| kudu: Lesser kudus * Most lesser kudus have horns. * Some lesser kudus have distinctive stripes - white stripes Male kudus * Most male kudus have horns. * live much shorter lives than females. Large antelope * Most large antelopes have heads - rely on vegetation * Most large antelopes survive on food - lower quality food * Some large antelopes have body length * can survive on lower quality food in times of little rain. * live on the interior plain of Namibia.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| antelope: Nilgai * are big animals - diurnal , and tend to form single-sex herds outside of the breeding season - incredible animals to hunt and they are great eating * are native to India and Pakistan and are one of the largest members of the antelope family - Pakistan, where they are the largest species of antelope - notorious for taking multiple shots and are extremely difficult to take down - breasts - corpi - cytoplasm - sterna - vacuoles * possess horns. * segregate into male and female groups except during the breeding season. Oryx * Most oryxes eat grass. * Most oryxes have ability - amaze ability - foreheads - mechanisms - white foreheads - live in areas * Most oryxes reach maturity - sexual maturity * Some oryxes die of starvation. * Some oryxes eat grass hay - exist in numbers * Some oryxes feed on grass - milk - fight for dominance * Some oryxes have horns - long horns - necks - senses - thick necks - use power - hip sockets - nuclei ### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| antelope \| oryx: Arabian oryx * Most arabian oryxes eat grass. * Some arabian oryxes exist in large numbers * are the smallest oryx, measuring four feet high at the shoulder. Gemsbok * are considered aggressive - distributed around deserts, scrublands and brushlands in South Western Africa - essentially a species of open, arid country - large and graceful antelope - masters at water conservation and body heat regulation - one of natures unique animals - polygynous * have a horse-like posture and gallop and have muscular necks and shoulders - excellent eyesight, hearing and smell Scimitar oryx * Most scimitar oryxes have white foreheads. * have foreheads Saiga * Some saigas have biomass * adapt to diets. * have legs - thin legs - cannon bones - chests - piluses - vacuoles * live in steppes.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| antelope: Small antelope * Most small antelopes have features. * Some small antelopes have body length<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| antelope: Steenbok * Most steenboks drink water - eat leaves * Most steenboks have horns - many different predators - senses - slender horns - tails - inhabit territory * Most steenboks live in savanna - wood savanna - occupy savanna * Some steenboks have expectancy - eyesights - glands - good eyesights - life expectancy - occupy habitats * Some steenboks prefer habitats - more open habitats * are found in the semi-desert, open woodlands and thickets of eastern and southern Africa - territorial and, like most small antelopes, are largely monogamous * feed upon grasses, roots, fruits and tubers. - large, white lined ears * includes brains - breasts - cannon bones - cell membranes - cells - chest cavities - chests - corpi - cytoplasm - faces - heads - hip sockets - hoofs - nuclei - piluses - plasma membranes - rib cages - second stomachs - sections - skulls - sterna - vacuoles * show distinct preference<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| antelope: Waterbuck * Most waterbucks develop skin - thick skin * Most waterbucks eat annual grass - enter water * Most waterbucks have coats - gray coats - ranges * Most waterbucks prefer grassland habitats - reach maturity * Most waterbucks use horns - prominent horns * Some waterbucks belong to families. * Some waterbucks have high urine output - patches - water sources - inhabit sources * also associate freely with impala and other antelope - have long horns over two feet with a glossy brown coat * are active and tend to feed more in the morning and at night - common but threatened by hunting and habitat loss - generally more active in the morning, afternoon and evening - large antelopes - slower than other antelopes in the rate of maturity * freely associate with impala and other antelopes. * graze grass. * have a brownish-grey shaggy coat - glands - cannon bones - chests - hip sockets - plasma membranes * inhabit areas. * is an antelope * secrete an odor that tends to discourage predators. * venture into water. ### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| antelope \| waterbuck: Female waterbuck * Most female waterbucks reach maturity. * reach maturity at the age of three years Kob * Most kobs have density - low density * Some kobs are found near permanent water sources * Some kobs have muscular necks - live in hills * Some kobs reach maturity - sexual maturity - breasts - cells - chests - corpi - piluses - rib cages - skulls Lechwe * All lechwe prefer to graze on the edge of wetlands or floodplains - the periphery of a floodplain or water body * Some lechwes are descended from animals - eat nutritious grass - occur in areas - shaggy coats - slender hoofs - breasts - cytoplasm - ears - piluses - rib cages - second stomachs - sections - sterna Male waterbuck * Most male waterbucks develop skin - thick skin * Most male waterbucks use horns * Some male waterbucks have horns.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| antelope: Wildebeest * Most wildebeests begin migration - consume shoots - develop cooperative behaviour * Most wildebeests eat grass - plants - graze on grass * Most wildebeests have black tails - forelimbs - inherent instinct - reproductive potential - white tails * Most wildebeests migrate in winter - to areas - possess various characteristics * Most wildebeests reach maturity - rely on grass - reside in regions * Some wildebeests are killed by humans * Some wildebeests cross mara rivers * Some wildebeests eat animals - small animals * Some wildebeests have black coats - distribution - height - shoulder height - wide distribution - inhabit hills - live in habitats - occur in grassland * Some wildebeests stay in places - same places * are mammals - plant-eaters, grazing mostly on grass * develop behaviour - short little grass and fat succulent plants * fight for dominance. * gather in enormous herds of up to a million animals. - excellent hearing and a good sense of smell - cytoplasm - ears - heads - vacuoles * is an antelope * live in central, eastern and southern parts of Africa. * need energy. * possess characteristics * to graze on grass. ### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| antelope \| wildebeest: Black wildebeest * Most black wildebeests eat grass. * Most black wildebeests have horns - prefer grass * Most black wildebeests reach maturity - sexual maturity * Some black wildebeests have black coats * are herbivorous. Blue wildebeest * Most blue wildebeests have black tails - rely on grass * Some blue wildebeests are killed by humans. * Some blue wildebeests have distribution * are taller and heavier than the black gnus. * feed succulent plants, too. * rely heavily on grasses for their meals Aoudad * are active in the early morning and late afternoon, resting in the heat of the day - extremely nomadic and travel constantly via mountain ranges - found in arid mountainous areas where they graze and browse grasses, bushes and lichens * live in arid, northern African mountains, specifically in the Atlas Mountains. Argali * Some argalis have coats. * are considered to be highly gregarious animals. * includes brains - breasts - cannon bones - cell membranes - cells - chest cavities - chests - corpi - cytoplasm - faces - hip sockets - hoofs - nuclei - piluses - plasma membranes - rib cages - second stomachs - sections - skulls - sterna - vacuoles * tend to live at higher elevations during the summer. Ass * Most asses eat grass. * body part * have hoofs. - breasts - cells - cytoplasm - vacuoles * live in herds, though old stallions are usually solitary. * usually graze in the morning and afternoon when it's cooler.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| ass: Burro * also eat much of the forage that bighorn sheep depend upon. * are donkeys - horses - lovers by nature - much more susceptible to cold than horses - pack animals - popular protectors of livestock * come in many different colors including red, red roan, pink, blue, black, brown, and paint. * is an ass - the Spanish term for donkey * refers to a small donkey, often used as a pack animal. * tend to stand on their toes more than horses. Kiang * Most kiangs have big heads * Some kiangs feed on grass. * Some kiangs occur in areas * Some kiangs reach maturity * drink water. - cells - hip sockets - hoofs - nuclei Wild ass * Most wild asses eat grass. * are also very rare, as are some zebras - intelligent creatures, with excellent vision and hearing * can run swiftly, almost as fast as a horse. - now an endangered animal - the nearest kin of modern horses * show different social organization depending on the environment.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate: Babirusa * Most babirusas have canine teeth - rough skin - senses * Some babirusas have babies - bellies - food - tracts - tusks - live up to years * Some babirusas reach maturity - sexual maturity * are found in a number of zoos in the U.S. and Europe. * eat almost everything. * get animal protein in the form of insects, which they often flush in rotten wood. - characteristics - same characteristics - corpi - plasma membranes - sections - sterna * to grow throughout life. Banteng * Most bantengs feed on shrubs - woody shrubs * Some bantengs inhabit areas - elevation zones - occur in areas - prefer grass * are herbivores. * includes brains - breasts - cannon bones - cell membranes - cells - chest cavities - chests - cytoplasm - faces - heads - hip sockets - hoofs - nuclei - piluses - rib cages - second stomachs - sections - skulls - vacuoles Bighorn * also feed heavily on jojoba. * exist mostly in small, isolated populations within their former vast range. ### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| bighorn: Desert bighorn * Most desert bighorns eat desert plants - have ranges * Some desert bighorns adapt to climates - dry climates - get moisture - have legs * show considerable differentiation between the sexes.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate: Bison * All bison are a dark brown on their more hairy front end, and a lighter brown in the back end - horned, with their horns curving slightly out and up - have a protruding shoulder hump * Most bison appear in regions - are known as buffalo * Most bison are located on continents - ground - belong to families - contain hormones - descend from bison * Most bison eat grass - nutritious grass - twigs - get nutrition - give birth to bison * Most bison has-part feet - glands - legs - spines - tongues * Most bison have diets - different flavor - few natural predators - fur - similar appearances - vertebrae * Most bison live in continents - environments - grassland - groups - habitats - herds - landscapes - locations - the Rocky Mountains west of the Mississippi river - move from places * Most bison occur in groups - pasture * Most bison possess hair - manes - prefer grassland - provide meat * Most bison reach height - maximum height - require grass - resemble cattle - stand on legs - survive to adulthood * Most bison thrive in grassland * Some bison attract hunters - avoid people * Some bison carry bacteria - brucellosis, a disease that causes cows to abort their calves - destroy crops * Some bison die of exhaustion - heat exhaustion * Some bison eat crops * Some bison have adults - short legs - hide in grass * Some bison live in Canada - mountains - neighborhoods - valleys * Some bison live on ground - occur in environments * Some bison possess horns - viruses - prefer ground * Some bison provide blood - food * Some bison remain in existence - zoos * Some bison resemble buffalo - oxes - serve as food * Some bison thrive in grass - transmit tuberculosis - wear antlers * also feed on berries, acorns and other small fruits. - slow and awkward, but can outrun and easily outmaneuver most horses * are about six feet tall - among the animals that crossed the Bering Strait at about the same time as the Mammoths - big, powerful creatures - brown and black - efficient grazers taking little time to meet their intake when on good pasture - famous for traveling in large herds across the plains in a stampede * are grazers and feed on grasses, forbs, and sedges - who prefer young tender grasses and eat few forbs, such as wildflowers - gregarious and live in herds whose range includes grasslands and open woodlands - herbivores that typically feed on grass and live in herds in grass plains and forests - huge strong animals - index animals to the prairie - integral and active members of an entire landscape, the prairie - key in altering the function and structure of tallgrass prairie at multiple scales - to live in plains, prairies and river valleys - large herbivores which generally appear to be sluggish, lazy and peaceful - large, strong and healthy animals - larger than beef cattle - larger, more massive with short upward curving horns - mainly brownish-black - mammals * are migratory animals by nature and have seasonal movement patterns - more dangerous than they appear - most active in the cool early morning or late afternoon hours - much more nervous and excitable in close quarters - native food animals which process North American grasses more efficiently than cattle - ordinarily mild-mannered, but can be aggressive - prairie grazers, and much of their native land has been developed - ruminants - social animals and live in herds - strictly herbivores - surprisingly fast and agile - susceptible to tuberculosis, anthrax, and brucellosis - tall and heavy - the largest cows in the world - thought to be distant relatives of water buffaloes * are unpredictable and dangerous - surly * are very hardy, requiring no shade in the summer or shelter in the winter - large mammals - tough animals - unpredictable, and have even been known to charge vehicles - visible most of the year * are wild animals and are dangerous if provoked - even when found on private ranches - who engage in their own peculiar grooming activities * break ribs when they butt each others' flanks during fights. * can be taller than a teacher. * consume grass. * contains high levels of minerals and vitamins. * continue to graze through the winter by rooting under the snow. * cross creeks * digest food. * do well on a wide variety of grasses and most native grassed in the United States and Canada. * dominate regions. * eat and digest their food in a very unique way. * eat grass and are vegetarians - as the greatest percentage of their daily diet - grass, small plants and shrubs - leaves * exhibit behavior - odd behavior * explore habitats. * feed in fields - mostly on grass * find food. * forage in areas. * graze areas * graze in fields - meadows - teeth * have appearances - broad heads with horns, humped shoulders, and thin limbs - close ties to people * have horns that are a foot long, and curve strongly upward - curve upward - opportunity - breasts - piluses - sterna * is bisons - low in fat compared with some other meat, poultry and pork choices * is low in fat, and cholesterol, and is high in protein, vitamins and minerals - calories and cholesterol, and is delicious * like to graze on the young tender grass shoots that grow in the aftermath of a burn. * live in a variety of groups - herds, which used to number in the millions - parks * live in the North American prairies and plains and buffalo live in Africa - northern part of the world * live on grasslands, prairies and in the Rocky Mountains - the continent of North America whereas buffalo live on the continent of Africa * live only in parks and reserves - parks, reserves and private collections * love food. * mature at three years old - in about two years and have an average life span of about twenty years * migrate in springs. * migrate to environments - slowly while feeding and appear to be quite clumsy * possess bodies * receive food. * roam environments - hillsides - north america grassland - patches * share environments * shed hair. * spend less time grazing in summer than beef cattle and do virtually no nighttime grazing. * stand motionless around steaming, thermal pools * suffer very little from predation. * swallow food. * tend to heavily use open, flat areas at that time - remain in a home range, although they often move between seasonal ranges * thrive in Yellowstone National Park and the Western plains - most North American landscapes with no ill effects * use heads - their heads, horns, and powerful necks to clear away the snow that covers the food supply * want food. + Bison, Distribution: Bovines :: Mammals of North America * Bison live in the northern part of the world. The American Bison lives in North America, and the Wisent lives in Europe. They can also live in rugged areas.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| bison: American bison * Most american bison have fur - vertebrae - live in grassland * are famous for running together for miles at the slightest hint of danger. - river valleys , and on prairies and plains * migrate in springs. + Bison, Habitat: Bovines :: Mammals of North America * American bison live in river valleys, and on prairies and plains. Some lightly wooded areas were known to have supported bison. Bison will also graze in hilly or mountainous areas where the slopes are not steep. Though not particularly known as high altitude animals, bison in the Yellowstone Park are frequently found at elevations above 8,000 feet and the Henry Mountains bison herd is found on the plains around the Henry Mountains, Utah, as well as in mountain valleys of the Henry Mountains to an altitude of 10,000 feet.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| bison: Buffalo * also has many of the essential fatty acids necessary for human well being - have specific behavioral adaptations geared to conserving energy - protect each other * are a keystone species of the ecosystem - are appreciated for the high fat content of their milk - big eaters, grazing on almost any grass, leaves and twigs - central to the cultural and spiritual way of life of tribes across the country - easy to find, both wild and being raised for the meat - exclusively grazers - herbivores, and so eat only vegetation - huge animals with thick, brown fur - in large numbers today - more efficient feed converters than cattle - no longer an endangered species - normally quite peaceful and only become aggressive when they feel threatened - social animals and live in groups called herds - the animals of the past, yes, but they are also the animals of the future - well adapted for life on the open prairie - wild animals * can be dangerous during breeding and calving - survive where cattle die off * carcasses floating on channels and channels suffocating with water hyacinths. * does get plenty of lake-effect snow and has unpredictable wind patterns. * eat grass, weeds, hay and grain - mainly grass and are grain finished * has a continental-type climate, which is common in the Great Lakes region - far less fat than beef - more summer sunshine than any other major city in the Northeast - the oldest and largest religious radio network in the Polish language * have more highly developed senses of hearing and smell than sight. * healthy red meat, low in cholesterol and fat, but high in protein. * increase their herds through reproduction. * is bigger, with shorter horns - fortunate in having four distinct seasons - higher in protein, lower in fat, calories and cholesterol than beef - known as the largest flour-milling city in the world - large city built with bricks - low in fat, cholesterol, and calories, yet high in vitamins and minerals, and very tasty - on the eastern side of Lake Erie near the Niagara River * is one of the most nutritious and healthiest RED meats in the world - nation's most densely networked fiber optic cities - similar to beef and makes good jerky * is the animal - county seat of Wright County - grain center of America - leanest and most nutritious red meat and has outstanding flavor when barbecued - thought of as being one of the snow capitals of the North * member of the animal kingdom and belongs to class mammalia. * move in herds. * now enjoy a modest increase in numbers in North American farms, parks, and refuges. * perennial darkhorse. * prefer coarser and finer grasses than cattle do. * produce milk with a higher fat content which greatly valued commodity in their society. * replaces beaver as the most profitable pelt in the fur trade. * require higher levels of selenium, vitamin E, and trace minerals than beef cattle. * roam the prairie. * signifies self-sacrifice for the benefit of all. * sometimes congregate by the thousands. * spend their days grazing, tree rubbing and wallowing in Yellowstone's grasslands. * spreads by rhizomes, stolons and seed. * stands just to the east of Lake Erie, one of the five Great Lakes. * take care of themselves, even in calving. + Buffalo, New York: County seats in New York * Buffalo is the second-biggest city in New York State. * Buffalo is on the eastern side of Lake Erie near the Niagara River. It is close to Niagara Falls, and to Canada.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| bison \| buffalo: African buffalo * Most african buffalo grazes on grass - lives in habitats * Some african buffalo has predators. * are an impressive species, thanks to their robust build and distinctive fused horns - formidable animals on account of their large size, large herds, and large horns - much more aggressive than the Asian water buffalo - very aggressive and have a tendency to attack humans * grazes on fresh grass * inhabits ranges. * is found in the woodlands and forests of Africa. * see cape buffalo. Cape buffalo * Some cape buffalo has predators. * are always within a day's walk of a water source. * come from Africa, and Water Buffalo live in Asia. Dwarf buffalo * herbivore animal that plant-eating animals. * is also better known as the dwarf buffalo.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| bison \| buffalo: Water buffalo * Most water buffalo feeds on aquatic plants - has habits * Most water buffalo lives in rocky terrains * are bovines, meaning that they are ruminant animals and are therefore herbivores - like humans - powerful swimmers - preferred dairy animals for the high content of butter fat - still a big part of the Vietnamese country life * enjoy being in water. * is also a durable leather - found in Asia and is classified as wild water buffalo and domestic water buffalo - mammals - pack animals - ruminants * live in swampy areas and near rivers, where they wallow in the mud - the tropical and subtropical forests of Asia * pull a plough to till the earth beneath the water. * tend to roam in small family groups.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| bison: European bison * Most european bison feed on grass. * Most european bison have diets - natural predators - live in environments * are occasional visitors near the Polish border, where there are also moose - ruminants that eat grasses and herbs as well as buds, leaves, twigs and bark - social animals - the largest native herbivores in Europe * find food. * forage in areas. - more browse in their diet in the wild - no natural predators - opportunity - ribs * is also taller at the shoulder than the American bison. Male bison * are proportionally larger and more robust than females - typically larger than their female counterparts * grow larger than female bison.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| bison: Wisent * Most wisents have legs. * are forest-dwelling - polygamic animals * can cross-breed with American bison. * have a fairly short neck, high legs, a relatively narrow body and a long tail - heads * includes brains - breasts - cannon bones - cell membranes - cells - chest cavities - chests - corpi - cytoplasm - ears - faces - hip sockets - hoofs - nuclei - piluses - plasma membranes - rib cages - second stomachs - sections - skulls - sterna - vacuoles Wood bison * Most wood bison have appearances - similar appearances * Some wood bison adapt to life. * Some wood bison die of exhaustion - heat exhaustion * are extirpated in the wild in Alaska, a natural range state. * graze in meadows. Young bison * love to play. * play more than adults.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate: Boar * Most boar remain within the drainage system of their birth unless driven out by man and dogs - boars become boars * Most boars eat bark - tree bark - extend penises * Most boars feed diets - high protein diets - low protein diets * Most boars has-part bellies - teeth * Most boars have big heads - fur - litter size - secretion - hide in forests * Most boars inhabit areas - same areas * Most boars live in areas - arid areas * Most boars make pheromone - sperm - possess fur - produce sound - reach puberty - stand on legs - weigh kgs * Some boars are killed by poachers - carry parasites - come from provinces * Some boars eat crops - fruit - reptiles - roots - small reptiles - exhibit aversions - find on beaches * Some boars have brown stripes - diseases - enemies - sharp tusks - invade chambers * Some boars kill men - people - tigers - make urine - possess babies - produce milk - reach maturity - receive diets - remain active and outside all winter - require protection - shed bacteria * also exhibit unique, individual differences in the profile of their seminal plasma proteins. * always strive to set good examples by their actions. * are a familiar animal in Celtic iconography and mythology - generally solitary, only joining a herd to breed - hunted for their meat, hide, and bristles * are male pigs of breeding age - swine that are capable of producing offspring - mammals and produce their own heat - more aggressive now than in recent years - self-reliant, very friendly, trustworthy, and extremely determined in life - tough animals to handle * can also be hard for workers to handle, and boar aggression can be a risk to worker safety - seriously rip and tear with their tusks - service one sow daily when under one year of age and double that when fully mature * compete in male-male fighting for breeding opportunities with females. * consume proteins. * damage farmland. * defend ranges. * display and fight in the presence of estrous sows. - roots, plant bulbs, grains and small animals * grow faster, convert feed more effi ciently and have less fat than barrows. - bones - bones of a greater length and diameter than either gilts or barrows * have more babies each year than any other large mammal in North America - prominent warts than sows - very few natural predators * includes brains - breasts - chests - hip sockets - hoofs - piluses - plasma membranes - pulp cavities - rib cages - sterna - tooth roots - deserts * is swine * like to live in forests near streams or ponds - oak forests so they can eat acorns in the fall - read a lot, exhibiting a great thirst for knowledge - groups * lower heads. * mark places. * only associate with sounders which have estrous females. * raised in groups attain puberty earlier, and have more aggressive libidos. * range from yearlings to fully developed adults with tusks. * rely on presence. * show typical behavioral signs on entering the breeding pen. * symbolise courage and strong warriors. * thrive in all types of elevations and forests and as omnivores, on all kinds of food. * use their tusks for digging up food and to protect themselves from predators. * wallow in mud. ### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| boar: Russian boar * are very unpredictable animals. * have broad heads, sloping shoulders and tusks.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate: Camel * All camels lose their fur in spring and grow a new coat - moult in spring and have grown a new coat by autumn * Most camels adapt to desert environments - surround environments - can have diarrhoea - carry water - come from deserts - conserve water * Most camels drink litres - salty water * Most camels eat grain - grass - pasture - plants - thorny plants - woody plants - exhibit behaviour - give birth to offspring - graze on steppes * Most camels has-part feet - muscles - stomachs * Most camels have eyes - hump humps - legs - milk teeth - mouths - oval shapes - skin - thick fur * Most camels inhabit regions - territory * Most camels live for several years * Most camels live in climates - hot climates - make milk - move legs - play in water * Most camels possess bodies - hair - prefer deserts * Most camels reach maturity - sexual maturity * Most camels require cells - habitats - retain water * Most camels survive in climates - dry climates - walk on feet * Some camels are evolved from ancestors - can learn to manage wet conditions - carry people - come from countries - depend on plants * Some camels eat fruit - leaves - shrubs - thorny twigs - vegetables * Some camels graze in environments * Some camels have bare spots - branches - layers - temperature regulations - twins * Some camels live in cellars - zoos - possess eyelashs - produce milk * Some camels thrive in desert environments - transmit parasites - utilize proteins * also have special fanglike teeth that the males use in fighting - the capability to run and can do so at ten to twenty miles per hour * also require mineral and salt supplementation to ensure healthy development - regular worming to protect the camels against whip worm infestation - serve the people of the desert in many other ways * are a strange looking animal, and sometimes can be a mean animal - traditional livestock for Central Asia * are able to convert thorny desert shrubs and salty plants into highly nutritious food - survive long periods without food or water - adapted to a desert habitat by their feet, hump, fur and eyelashes - amazing creatures with incredible stamina - an important source of food in the desert - animals well known for their distinctive humps - browsing animals, they feed on thorny plants of the desert - different from other mammals right down to their unusual red blood cells - excellent for patrolling perimeter fences in semi-arid areas - gregarious and well adapted to their environment, the desert - herbivores - incredible animals and they are able to store food and water for a long time - known for spitting on people * are large mammals that live in dry areas - large, strong desert animals - largely herbivorous, and they can eat thorny brush without being injured - less seriously affected than cattle * are like cows in that they have more than one stomach - goats and can browse, eating bushes and the branches of trees - located in deserts * are mammals and like all mammals, they reproduce sexually - with long legs, a big-lipped snout and a humped back - mostly famous for their humps * are native to dry deserts in western, central and east Asia - the dry desert areas of western Asia and central and east Asia - notorious for their ability to work long periods without water * are one of the few animals which seem to be designed to survive in the desert - most popular brands of cigarettes - one-humped African camels also called dromedary camels - pack animals - primarily grazers - prone to bloat, which is caused by alfalfa hay - ruminants just like cattle - said to be good swimmers - so mean spirited because they retain water every single day - stubborn, and they possess humps which can be difficult to surmount - suited to a much milder diet - symbols of adaptability * are the main form of transport - transportation of the desert dwellers - mode of transport * are the most important of their animals - well known desert animals - only animals with a hump - ships of the desert - traditional means of transport in the desert - very epitome of desert adaptation * are their form of transport - main means of transportation, while sheep and goats are bought and sold - primary means of transportation, while sheep and goats are bought and sold - unique-looking creatures that are easily recognized because of their humps * are used as draft animals in Pakistan - for riding, transport and agricultural work - useful beasts of burden in many parts of the world * are very easy to raise and maintain - important to the Ethiopian people - strong mammals with wide, padded feet - well adapted because they can minimise the stress caused by high temperatures * are well adapted to desert life - surviving in dust storms * are well known as beasts of burden * avoid stony deserts, as the gravel harms their feet. * become carriers. * can also close their nostrils - walk in scorching heat for two weeks without a drop to drink - be tall - carry people and food * can close their nostrils to protect the lining in their nasal passage, from blowing sands - cope better with the desert heat and have bigger wombs than llamas - go a long time without water * can go for days or even weeks with little or no food or water - long distances without food or water - many days without drinking - more than half a year in the desert without drinking water - several days without water * can go without drinking water longer than any other domestic animal - water for a week - graze on a wide range of plants and thorny vegetation that other mammals avoid - live in dry lands where there is little feed and water available - make a lot of noise - shut their nostrils to stop sand from entering their noses * can spit as can any animal in the camelid family - very far and often spit when they are angry - stand thirst for a very long period - store enough food and fluids for days in the humps of fat on their backs * can survive up to six months without food or water - without water for up to a month - tolerate a greater water loss than most mammals - travel great distances across hot, dry deserts with little food or water * can withstand extreme heat and cold and are said to be good swimmers - twice that level of dehydration * carry full load - heavier loads than horses - packages long distances to market and are used as a form of transportation - travelers - water in the humps on their backs - in many colours - even piebald * cross deserts. * differ from ruminants in several ways. * eat a lot of things - dates, grass, wheat, and oats - just about anything - unusual tolerance for dehydration * exist only in the domesticated state in Africa and Asia. * feed on vegetation, including shrubs and grasses. * have a hard time with very steep places - multisectioned, ruminating stomach - very high requirement for salt * have an ambling gait, simultaneously bringing up both legs on the same side - extra set of eyelids which help to keep the sand out of their eyes - extremely good sense of smell and keen vision - behavioral, structural and physiological adaptaions that conserve water - big feet for a very good reason - broad, flat, leathery pads with two toes on each foot - bumps over their eyes that act as built-in sun visors to help keep out bright sunlight - bushy eyebrows and two rows of eyelashes to keep the sand out of their eyes - calluslike bare spots on their chests and on their leg joints - exceptionally good eyesight and sense of smell - hairy eyelashes, ears and nostrils to keep out the sand - long eyelashes and thick eyebrows affording protection from foreign matter - long, strong legs - many adaptations for their desert habitats * have oval shaped red blood cells which helps keep blood flowing in dehydrated states - pads on their feet to help it walk on the sand - part of the East African culture for centuries - small hairy rounded ears which are teddy bear like in appearance * have the reputation of being bad tempered and stubborn creatures who spit and kick - bad-tempered and obstinate creatures who spit and kick * have thick fur - leathery lips so they can eat prickly desert plants - lips so they can eat the prickly desert plants with out being injured * have three eyelids to protect themselves from blowing sand - sets of eyelids - tough feet so that they can endure the scorching desert sands * have two rows of thick eyelashes to protect their eyes from the desert dust - ways to keep from sweating too much * hear something * hoofed mammal - cannon bones - cell membranes - chest cavities - corpi - cytoplasm - faces - hoofs - nuclei - plasma membranes - sections - skulls - sterna - vacuoles * like to stay together in groups called herds. * literally can survive on plant wastes, like an old twig basket or a mat. * live in Africa and Asia * live in deserts , where it is hot and dry - of Africa and Asia - that are hot and dry during the day, but cold at night - groups , with one male , several females , and their young calves * live in the Sahara Desert - desert and can go for a long time without water - desert, where it is dry and hot during the day * mate all year round, but they have a favorable period when vegetation is lush. * may have difficulty. * need food - dry deserts and arid lands to inhabit * pull load. * remove fluids from body cells rather than the blood. * reproduce by copulating during breeding season after the males compete for dominance. - similar veterinary care to other domestic animals such as cattle and horses * respond to verbal commands, and their gaits are gentle. * roam deserts * run about seven feet tall - like a giraffe with both legs on one side of the body moving simultaneously * save water by producing dry feces and only small amounts of urine * seek water. * serve as draft animals and supply hair for the manufacture of fabrics and brushes. * shed hair. * solve their copulation difficulties by assuming a sitting-down posture. * stand on feet. * store heat during the day and unload it in the cool of the night. - hot deserts by storing water in body fat in their humps - trips * sway from side to side because of the way their legs work. * tend to be large and are strictly herbivorous. * to drink salty water - stretch legs - survive in deserts * travel in herds or caravans containing mostly females and calves with one dominant male. * walk longer distances than horses - using a technique called pacing * will have energy. * work hard for people, but their behavior is unpredictable. + Camel, Habitat and adaptation: Camelids :: Domesticated animals :: Mammals of Pakistan :: Animals used for transport * Camels live in deserts, where it is hot and dry. Camels have adaptations that help them live in deserts. They have a thick coat of hair that protects them from the sun. They have wide, soft feet, so they can walk a long time in the hot sand + Desert, Animals and Plants * Animals such as lizards and small rodents often escape the hot rays by digging underground burrows where they live. They only come out at night to search for food. Like the plants, desert animals must live on as little water as possible. Most of the water used by these animals comes from seeds and stems that absorb and hold water. Camels survive in hot deserts by storing water in body fat in their humps. Like other desert animals, the camel loses little water in wastes.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| camel: Arabian camel * Most arabian camels drink salty water - have humps * can also drink brackish or salty water. * vary too. Domestic camel * are maintained in a semi-wild state - often the main source of meat, milk and even leather or wool products * travel through the desert with their nomadic owners. Dromedary * Dromedaries are able to conserve water in a variety of ways - induced ovulators - mainly active during daylight hours - primarily browsers * Dromedaries have only one hump and flourish in the deserts of north Africa and the Middle East - hump, while Bactrian camels have two - tend to travel by walking single file Young camel * Most young camels live for several years * may have difficulty. Carabao * have horns. * includes brains - breasts - cannon bones - cell membranes - cells - chest cavities - chests - corpi - cytoplasm - faces - heads - hip sockets - hoofs - nuclei - piluses - plasma membranes - rib cages - second stomachs - sections - skulls - sterna - vacuoles * weigh kgs.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate: Cattle * All cattle are herd animals - have a four chambered stomach, consisting of a rumen, reticulum, omasum and abomasum * Most cattle adapt to conditions - appear in countries * Most cattle are due to begin calving in the spring - grazers, using their tongue and lower teeth to grab grass and leaves - inside herds * Most cattle are located in villages - on pasture - avoid predators - become resistant to parasites, reducing egg output * Most cattle benefit from b vitamins - supplemental b vitamins * Most cattle carry antibodies - organisms - come from cows - consume nutritious plants - depend on water - destroy plants - develop antibodies * Most cattle eat berries - buttercups - corn - foliage - grassland - tall buttercups - weeds - exist in regions * Most cattle feed hay - in fields * Most cattle feed on grass - prairie grass - rice straw - shoots - gain weight - get weight * Most cattle give birth to animals - calves * Most cattle graze in countries - groups - meadows - parks - valleys - has-part muscles * Most cattle have diets - dull eyes - genetics - health care - horns - internal parasites - senses - vision * Most cattle live in fields - habitats * Most cattle live on farms - grass pasture * Most cattle make dungs - manure * Most cattle move eyes - feet - occur in areas - possess hair * Most cattle produce food - reach puberty - regurgitate food - require pasture - stand on legs - suffer from diseases - survive infection * Most cattle thrive in grass - use tongues - weigh pounds * Some cattle are located on grass - mountains - naturally hornless - simply genetically incapable of adapting to altitude * Some cattle attract animals - prey * Some cattle avoid fireweeds - growth - become lame from injury during transport - can be dangerous and capable of serious injury * Some cattle can have allergic reaction - severe allergic reaction * Some cattle carry genes - mutation - the bacteria * Some cattle die from infection - in fire * Some cattle die of fluke infection * Some cattle eat beets - crops - flowers - grain - infect mites - maples - palm nuts - ragweeds - residues - thistles - vine maples * Some cattle graze in Australia - Ethiopia - ground * Some cattle graze on grass - tall grass * Some cattle grubs affect animals - has-part teeth * Some cattle have fevers - growth curves - maturity - infect with viruses - kill plants * Some cattle live in areas - climates - cold climates - lose weight * Some cattle make leathers - milk - waste - play in fields * Some cattle possess enzymes - heat - produce milk - provide proteins - still carry the genetics of their smaller ancestors - suffer from syndromes * Some cattle thrive in fields * are inside herds * are located on fields * bring cuds. * chew cuds * consume grass - vegetation * cross farms * destroy ground * digest food. * dominate agriculture. - meals - seeds * exhibit strides. * get care * go to pasture. * graze accessible areas - clover - height - persian clover - snail habitats - throats * have care - components - movement - problems - serious problems - stomachs * help economy. * includes beef - chests - corpi - cytoplasm - piluses - plasma membranes - sections * is animals. * is located in countries - mammals - heads - tails * possess genes * prefer grass. - meat * provide food * receive best possible care - booster vaccines * release gases. * respond to impact. * return to fields. * roam basins - ranches * seek pasture. * share environments * show behavior - interest - unusual behavior * swallow food. * to come into contact. * want water.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| cattle: Beef cattle * All beef cattle are born to cows - eat grass for at least the first half of their lives * Most beef cattle eat grass. * are an important part of Florida's agricultural industry - bred and raised specifically to provide meat or beef - different, however - fed to maximize weight gain, while rodeo bulls are kept in peak physical condition - important on hundreds of thousands of both small and large farms and ranches - of prime importance in the livestock field * are the main livestock with some sheep and dairies - most important livestock commodity in the agricultural economy of Texas * breeding research is conducted at two research farms in the state of Alabama. * breeds A collection of information regarding tropical beef cattle breeds. * can live on farms in North Carolina from the sea coast to the mountains - tolerate harsher climatic conditions than dairy cows - utilize a wide variety of feedstuffs * cool themselves by panting and some sweating - primarily through breathing * graze wherever adequate grass and water exist. * have the ability to consume numerous types of feed and perform well. * is cattle * lose weight, dairy cattle produce less milk. * originate from such states as Michigan, Tennessee, Kentucky, West Virginia and Missouri. * prefer legumes over grasses, while sheep prefer immature grasses and weeds over legumes. * produce high quality protein and other nutrients for human consumption * ranching is the county s oldest industry. * require a number of minerals for optimal growth and reproduction. * serve as an important source of farm income. * store excess nutrients as body fat. Brahman cattle * are less sensitive to the other organophosphates listed here - more likely to lie down and become immobile * have outstanding milk production and continue to milk even under low feed conditions. * show no effect from extremely high temperatures.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| cattle: Bull * Many bulls continually dribble urine and show damp patches on their hind legs. * Most bulls can have offspring. * Most bulls carry antlers - massive antlers - chase small animals - defend cows * Most bulls display behavior - sexual behavior - eat food - emit loud sound - grow antlers * Most bulls have a swirl of hair known as a whorl somewhere on their faces - big noses - blood - coats - foreheads - horns - mates - reddish coats - skin - thick skin - vision - mate with cows - possess horns - protect calves * Most bulls reach full maturity - height - puberty - sexual maturity - sire offspring - use antlers * Most bulls weigh kilograms - lbs - pounds - several tons * Some bulls achieve maturity - attack humans - contain caffeine - deliver calves * Some bulls develop diseases - severe diseases - skin diseases * Some bulls die of mountain sickness - dig holes * Some bulls eat diets - high protein diets - fight to death * Some bulls have beams - habits - humps - only one testis in the scrotum - tusks - kill panthers * Some bulls lead life - solitary life - live in hills - mount cows - produce testosterone - reach adolescence - rely on bulls - remain infected for years - shake horns - shed antlers - show fear - sire cattle - specialize in pushing over big trees - stretch necks - sustain serious injuries - use urine * also attain much larger sizes than cows - bugle, bark and make other sounds - fight each other using their antlers to assert their dominance - grunt at cows straying from their harem - have a dewlap on their neck and have a patch of thick fur on their foreheads - roll in muddy wallows and thrash at vegetation with their antlers * appear very often in Minoan art. * are a troublesome group of cattle to provide proper nutrition - adult male cows - adults - also very territorial - bigger than cows as are cows bigger than calves - black or dark brown at maturity, although they are born a lighter shade of reddish brown - blunder - capable of charge - color blind - color-blind * are dark brown or black, and cows and young are reddish brown - to black with a broad skull and narrow, rounded horns - especially vulnerable to heat stress - immune if vaccinated against campylobacteriosis - intact male bovines that are used for breeding - investors * are male animals - males - men * are more attractive to horn flies than are steers or cows - massive in appearance than cows, and more bearded - susceptible to internal parasites than cows - non-territorial and exhibit a dominance hierarchy - non-territorial, and amicably coexist together within overlapping home ranges * are often a darker gray around their front ends - problematic and are normally kept for breeding purposes - too big for their age and appear to have been pushed on grain - part of cattle - people - placentals - policemans - polygamous and sometimes find more than one female mate - present year-round in deep waters off the British Columbia coast - prone to digging up paddocks and are subject to contamination by ingestion of soil - slain for men just to watch the sport of bull fighting - solitary or in small groups until summer when they begin to mix with cow-calf herds - teams - unlike pigs, because bulls know when to take profits - very territorial and tend to remain alone * become very territorial during rutting season and often spar with other bulls. * begin to migrate first. - smell when and which cow is in estrus - stand as tall as five feet at the shoulders - their antlers into late winter or early spring * cause rampage in Leicester. * challenge opponents. * chase animals * commonly compete for cows by jousting. * continuously follow receptive females and test their vulvas. - territories and fast during the breeding season - territory * defend their right to mate with a cow and sometimes a group of cows with their antlers - territories, but tolerate subordinate males * differ in reproductive capabilities. - outward aggression by pawing at the ground with a hoof and charging - their dominance by bellowing, wallowing, and fighting other bulls * driven from herds live alone or in bachelor herds. * exhibit a behavior called the intimidation behavior. * expend a great amount of energy during the rut. * fight for dominance. * fight with each other for possession of females, and the dominant bulls have the most mates - over control of the cows by attacking each other with their antlers * grow antlers annually from the time they are nearly one year old - darker with age and become black about the head and neck * have a dark brown or black muzzle, while the cows face is light brown - shaggy mane that covers their necks - dark-brown to black pelage depending on their geographic origin - higher daily liveweight gain and more efficient food conversion - loud roar that can be heard over a great distance - white chevron across face - attention - attitude - contact - frequent contact - horns, lions have manes, and baboons have rainbow noses and really vicious teeth - more dark cutters than steers, cows, or heifers * have obvious potential problems - small scent glands in their cheeks - straight out and up horns while cows have a barely visible hook on the end - tendencies - the typical Zebu hump * having a normal scrotum with a distinct neck generally have the best testicular development. * includes beef - brains - breasts - cannon bones - cell membranes - cells - chest cavities - chests - corpi - cytoplasm - hip sockets - hoofs - nuclei - piluses - plasma membranes - rib cages - second stomachs - sections - skulls - sterna - vacuoles * join female herds during mating, but favour other habitats out of the mating season. * lose their antlers in the spring. * make money, bears make money, and pigs get eaten. * mark territory. * measure eight feet from head to tail. * naturally forage at higher levels than do cows to reduce food competition between the sexes. * occupy territory. * often become solitary or form their own herds, as do females with calves - chase and sometimes kill small hippos, presumably males still in mother's care * patrol their areas on land and swim back and forth along the water side, barking incessantly. * person who expects higher prices. * prepare for the mating season by sparring with one another. - vicinities * ram head and horns just like sheep and goats do and make a loud bellow. * rank differently for milk and fat, but both traits are important to farm income. * reach sexual maturity before their first birthday - the peak of their mating ability around the age of six to seven years * rely heavily on visual indicators to find females in heat. * rub their antlers against low brush and small trees, leaving worn bark and broken branches - tree bark to speed up the peeling process * run in herds and follow the path of the six steers which they let go first - packs and crush little lambs * running is inherently dangerous, death and injury occasionally occur. * set up own territory * sire calves * spar a great deal and sometimes fight for possession of cows. * stake out territories by breaking off branches of trees and bushes with horns. * stay with the herd only during the breeding season. * survive for time. * tend to be lighter colored than cows - solitary or form small bachelor herds - feed at full stretch with their heads tipped upwards * tend to separate into smaller herds over the summer to forage - stay in bachelor groups, except for the rut when they are competing with one another * thrash brush and bark with their antlers, marking their territory. * tolerate females and sub-adult males in their territory. - their high-pitched bugle both to attract females and to ward off other bulls * usually don t breed until they re three years old - live in bachelor groups or alone - spend the summer alone or in small groups at high elevations * ususally have darker coats, which get progressively darker as they get older. * wander alone or in small groups but females and calves herd together for protection.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| cattle \| bull: Dominant bull * Most dominant bulls have mates * Some dominant bulls rely on bulls. - spatial territory * occupy territories which they defend by aggressive posturing and even fights Large bull * can be heavily scarred from fights with other males during the breeding season. * urinate on the ground to signify territorial boundaries. * use their antlers to intimidate and spar with other males. Mature bull * are territorial, defending core areas from non-dominant males. * gather cows and their calves into harems. * have large sets of antlers, usually with six points, called tines, on each side. * move in among a group of cows and calves. * stay away from cows and calves most of the year. * visit female schools during mating season. Old bull * Most old bulls protect calves. * Some old bulls have tusks. * are solitary, whereas young males usually rule a group of females with their progeny - usually solitary or with one or two other bulls * have whitish circles around their eyes. * tend to become smelly as a result of the secretions of the subcutaneous oil glands. Older bull * are more likely to be infected and remain infected than virgin or y oung bulls - usually more dominant and often have lowered fertility * remain in smaller groups or are solitary until the fall breeding season. * tend to have stronger, healthier-looking sperm cells. Young bull * Most young bulls have foreheads. * Most young bulls reach maturity - sexual maturity * Some young bulls achieve maturity - mount cows - reach adolescence	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| cattle: Cow * All cows are mammals and have lungs - eat grass - have brown eyes - produce milk once they deliver a calf * Every cow is different from every other cow just as every human is different from any other - sacred to it's mother * Most cows are harvested for beef - mated several times - bring calves - can have offspring * Most cows carry calves - fetuses - decrease in milk production with advancing lactation - defend calves * Most cows deliver calves - healthy calves * Most cows do become systemically ill and require antibiotic and adjunctive therapy - breed back that summer - drink water * Most cows eat buttercups - diets - fresh grass - grain - plant grass - plants * Most cows enjoy diets - nutritious diets - excrete manure * Most cows feed on grass - gain weight * Most cows get calcium * Most cows give birth to offspring - more milk when they listen to music - go to water * Most cows has-part stomachs - tails - teeth * Most cows have a pattern of behavior that changes gradually from the beginning to the end of a heat - basic functions - bowel movement - distinctive mate calls - food - intestines - jaw movement - meat - spots - stages - strong maternal instincts and they cry and search for their babies for days - years - increase heat - lead cow calves - live in areas - make milk - only have one offspring - prefer water * Most cows produce calves - enough milk to adequately care for their young - more colostrum than needed by their calf - single calves - provide milk - raise calves * Most cows reach ages - productive ages * Most cows receive estrogens - growth hormones - synthetic hormones - reduce productivity * Most cows regulate body temperature * Most cows require proteins - seek calves * Most cows stay in fields - grassy fields - survive on diets - use for food * Most cows weigh kgs - lbs - pounds * Some cows are consumed by hedgehogs - sick and old , and others are healthy and young - white and brown and some are white and black - attain weight - die during years - do develop uterine infections * Some cows eat bread - chickens - hay - leaves - exhibit elevated somatic cell counts without ever showing clinical signs of mastitis - experience normal temperature * Some cows feed babies * Some cows feed on herbages - mature herbages * Some cows graze in leaves - meadows - on clover * Some cows have a shortened estrus - antibodies in their colostrum against sheep red blood cells - distinct sound - nutrient requirements - placentas - twins - vocal sound - increase heat production - leave calves - live on farms - lose heat * Some cows produce hormones - raise cattle * Some cows reach maturity - social maturity - regurgitate food - reproduce at ages * Some cows stand in water - on roads - suffer from cysts - turn into food - use life cycle assessments * also have a tendency to kick toward a side with pain from inflammation or injuries - white patch of fur just beneath their tail - interact with native animal species, mostly being predators - kick with their hind legs - live in a linear dominance hierarchy, which is established early in life - prefer to keep their calves near water as an escape route for their calves - produce large amounts of methane - provide leather, which can be made into armour, and is essential for crafting books - suffer from less stress * always know which way the wind is blowing from and point to it with their rears. * appear normal prior to and after aborting. * are BIG eaters. * are a source of dignity and self-esteem for most Dinka men - tan or brown colour with the same white markings, however their horns are much smaller * are about a metre high at the shoulder - the same height, but lighter in weight - adapted to their environment by natural selection * are also particularly susceptible to new infections when milk is present in the udder - very protective of their young - always fragrant - animals, just like humans are animals - auspicious and sacred, and grantor of every wish and givers of life - bred to produce milk - calcium animals known for stability and heaviness - creatures of habit and rapidly get used to a daily routine of activity - devotional mothers and are known to walk for miles to find their calves - eaten by humans, fish are eaten by humans and apples are eaten by humans - especially aggressive when protecting calves, which are born in late spring - extremely protective of their calves * are female cattle that have given birth and have begun to produce milk - humpback whales - for eating - gourmets - grazers and goats are browsers - grazers, deer are browsers - guileless in their behaviour - herbivores - herd animals - high on the food chain * are holy animals - in India - important for small-scale farmers for home consumption - infertile as long as the condition persists - inside pens - known to avoid poisonous plants as well - less likely to exhibit estrus if they are in a negative energy balance - located on farms - mammals and like all mammals produce milk for their young - mature female bovines - medium mature weight and moderate in milk production - mono-ovulators with a regular ovarian cycle similar to humans * are more closely related to dolphins than they are to horses - productive from less stress and injury - nearly fifteen times more sensitive to electricity than humans - never in true estrus when progesterone is high - nothing like horses, chickens or sheep - notorious emitters of methane, a principal greenhouse gas - on short permanent pasture year round - one of the earth's best creatures - particularly sensitive to water problems because of the large volume they drink - people, too, and drinking their milk denigration of their creaturehood * are pregnant for nine months and are given a rest period from milking between calvings - calves are usually born naturally and easily - routinely fed antibiotics - ruminants or cud-chewing animals eating hay, corn, soybeans, grass, wheat, and ensilage * are ruminants, as are deer - which are cud chewing mammals - sacred and blessed and are sanctifiers of all * are sacred, but animals such as snakes and monkeys are also revered - they revere monkeys, snakes, and other animals as well * are smaller and lighter - than bulls - social animals - somewhat darker, and bulls have a long, dense mane * are the embodiment of merit - foremost of all things - great refuge of all creatures - most susceptible to environmental mastitis during two periods of time - mothers of the universe - source of eternal growth - too fat when the pelvic ligaments are buried in fat - unique in that they have fewer teeth than other animals - vaccinated and constantly monitored for disease - vegetarians, and eat mostly hay or grass * are very efficient producers of large quantities of protein - forgiving farm animals - large animals and can be unpredictable - much creatures of habit and they respond best to consistent routines - susceptible to buttercup poisoning while grazing - voracious consumers of water - vulnerable to natural predators * are, by nature, vegetarians - of course, fundamentally vegetarian * become more persistent in production and milk yield. * begin antler growth about one week after giving birth - mating at about age four * breed at three years, bulls at four. * build body reserves during the dry period. * can also contract diseases such as mastitis and leptospirosis from lounging in dirty water - suffer from a range of other diseases * can be as lovable a companion animal as a dog or cat - up to eight times more active than normal while in heat - become pregnant having had a history of a prolapsed cervix - calve only a limited number of times - carry twice the normal weight allowance - detect odours up to five miles away - eat just about everything - live in both hot and cold places - manufacture proteins five times more efficiently than laboratory cell cultures - only digest some foods after a fermentation process, called rumination - pick and lick their noses with their tongues - produce more milk for the same amount of feed - see colour - shed bacteria into milk without showing clinical mastitis * can sleep comfy in Georgia - standing up - tell the difference between a man and a woman - vary in body condition from too thin to just right to overweight * chew cuds. * come ashore two days before giving birth - into heat more regularly * communicate with chemical signals, touch, visual cues, and sound. * compress the earth with their weight so that it can only be worked with great difficulty. * constitute the fruit of sacrifices - great source of blessing unto all * consume a great deal of food to make the milk * depend on drinking water to produce milk and prefer warm water to cold. * die , and wheat rots. * digest food - meals * display a rounded forehead - high fertility and regularity of calving * don t feel like eating much when it s hot and that results in less milk output. * drink a lot of water, too * drop their antlers during or just after calving. * eat bread, too - by wrapping their tongue around the grass and pulling it - carbohydrates and make protein in a similar manner - chop, grain and hay * eat grass and weeds - because that is what they are evolved to do * eat grass, grass comes out the back end of cows - hay and oats - hay, and clover * eat grass, hay, silage, and grain to produce milk, meat, and leather products - toproduce milk, meat, and leather products - less feed during hot weather - much less when they are hot and therefore produce less milk - pumpkins * eat the bigger plants, and their hooves trample the smaller ones - carbohydrates in grass to make protein - grass, and the only way for the plants to recover is to take away the animals - to satisfy their energy demand - the bacteria, and it can run into streams and city water supplies * exist in large numbers. * feed calves - grass to their gut bacteria and digest the bacteria and their products * feel the currents produced by voltages they contact between two places. * flick their tails. * frequently leave their newborn calves while they go off to feed. * gain condition most efficiently during late lactation - in weight for three weeks before the start of breeding season and during breeding season * generally have longer horns than bulls - offspring every year * get a helping hand from microscopic fungi too, to break down grass and hay - more exercise and it can be an important factor in reducing calving difficulties * give birth every three to five years. - one or two calves during late spring or early summer - usually every year to one tawny to buff-colored calf * graze grass pasture. * graze in fields * have FOUR compartments in their stomach to aid in digestion. * have a closed circulatory system - dietary requirement for B vitamins - more recent common ancestor with lungfish than either does with salmon - nine-month pregnancy - varied diet - vulva, brown or black in color, below the anus - an udder - calves and horses beget colts - extra long arms and legs for extra hugging power or to pose on shelves - four stomachs, and the first three yield merchantable tripe - four-chambered stomachs - no tail head - only two, which seems the optimal number for walking through mud and over uneven surfaces - patterns - peak water intake during the hours when feed intake is greatest - properties - small udders and short teats, while bulls' sheaths are also short - strong maternal instincts and do cry and search for their babies for days - superior udder quality and small teats - the same gestation period as human women - nine months - their throats slit while hanging upside down * have to be milked twice a day, every day at the same time - twice, sometimes three times a day * help convert grass and other forages into high-quality food for humans - the butterflies by eating the non-native grasses, which allows the native plants to grow * include bulls. * includes beef - brains - breasts - cannon bones - cell membranes - chest cavities - chests - corpi - cytoplasm - heads - hip sockets - hoofs - nipples - nuclei - piluses - plasma membranes - rib cages - second stomachs - sections - skulls - sterna - tits - vacuoles * ingest plants. * interact with one another in socially complex ways. * is cattle * lead calves * lift heads. * like to eat green grass, hay and grain - lie down facing uphill slightly - lives of idleness, eating whenever they are hungry and facing no natural predators - on a very rich animal protein diet * live outside all the time, in all kinds of weather - year around, using trees as shelter when needed * lower heads. * mainly eat grass and hay. - more cows and pigs make more pigs * measure a foot smaller and weigh one-third less. * mount each other when they are in heat. * need food * normally expel the placenta within two to eight hours. * occupy a unique role in human history - special places * often begin migrating before they give birth to their calves - get ulcers or sores on their udders - give birth out in the field - leave the main herd when they give birth - live in grassland-type habitats - spawn in snowy and plains biomes - suffer from a parasitic infection known as warble fly * prefer grazing grasses over legumes and graze perennial ryegrass before tall fescue. * prefer to eat with their heads down, resembling a natural grazing position - stand in the water during summer so they can get cooling * produce a great deal of manure that makes great fertilizer - lot of methane gas - about one pound of methane for every two pounds of meat they yield - an incredible amount of methane gas, which directly contributes to global warming - croaking calls when looking for their calves - heat when they digest food, a result of fermentation in their stomachs - methane which contributes to the thinning of the ozone layer surrounding the Earth * produce milk for seven to ten months after they freshen , or give birth - only so fast - over long periods of time - the greatest amount of milk right after they give birth * produce, in large quantities, the miracle food, milk. * producing milk lose OCs from their fat and become less contaminated. * provide benefits - milk, which is the source of daily products, including cheese, butter, and yogurt * receive diets * regurgitate their food and re-chew the cud to help digestion. * remove nutrients from feed for metabolism and milk production. * require adequate nutrition and rest post calving in order to cycle normally * run on plants. * see in purple as well as black and white. * share landscapes. * show their excitement when let out into a field after long periods confined indoors - various signs of difficult and painful walking behavior * spend much of their time chewing and digesting food. * stay by themselves before giving birth - cleaner on pasture as long as they are rotated properly * still are holy animals in some parts of the world, such as India - go alive every day * suffer from heat stress just as some humans do. * suffering from lameness can be in considerable pain. * swing heads. * tend to be calm and move carefully in the low areas - drink all the time - eat more feed in the cool of the night than during the day - reduce intake with added fat to maintain a constant energy intake - walk around slowly and aimlessly, mooing and breathing occasionally * to eat grass. * typically have yellow colored fat that is less preferred by the industry. - their tail to swish away flies and can suffer immensely during fly season * usually alter their normal routine of behavior when approaching heat - conceive for the first time as three-year olds - drop in milk production and gain weight - eat more legumes than grasses at similar stages of maturity * usually give birth in isolation where vegetation provides cover - the spring - to only one calf per year - have a calf every year * usually have one calf and, when butchered, produce a lot more meat - at a time - mate when two years old and bear their first calf at three years old * walk on their hind legs, sheep talk, and horses burrow through the ground. * weigh about a half-ton, while the bulls weigh half again to twice as much + Money, History of money: * Cows die, and wheat rots. But money 'lasts longer' than most trade goods. If someone sells a cow for money, he can save that money away until he needs it. He can always leave it to his children when he dies. It can last a very long time, and he can use it at any time. * Not every cow is as good as another cow. Some cows are sick and old, and others are healthy and young. Some wheat is good and other wheat is moldy or stale. So if a person trades cows for wheat, he might have a hard time arguing over how much wheat each cow is worth. However, money is 'standard'. That means one dollar is worth the same as another dollar. It is easier to add up and count money, than to add up the value of different cows or amounts of wheat.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| cattle \| cow: Beef cow * are different from dairy cows - raised in all regions where there is pasture and hay * can manage on pasture with supplemental feedings of hay and grain in winter. Bison cow * have calves. * weigh pounds. Domesticated cow * are relatively calm animals but they are spooked by unexpected events. * tend to be confined to large, fenced pastures. Dry cow * Most dry cows produce manure. * are prone to summer mastitis - quite susceptible to new infections at dry off and near freshening * provide benefits.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| cattle \| cow: Heifer * are a high cost item when expenses are divided among the various enterprises on the farm - girls * are located in barbecues - beef - bran - colleges - corrals - countrysides - county fairs - dairy farms - factory farms - feedlots - freezers - heat - meatloaf - movies - new jerseys - shades - slaughterhouses - stalls - stew - yards * are more likely to be bred when coming from situations with dense cattle populations - susceptible than cows - much more likely to have calves with scours - preferable to lactation cows - red and red baldie - usually less efficient at feed conversion * are young female cattle - mammals * can also experience decreased fertility when implanted during the suckling phase - be especially difficult to manage during drought - gain without getting too fat * generally come into milk at about two years of age. * have lighter carcasses, and that increases the packing cost per hundredweight of carcass - poorer colostrum * make the best cutting calves. * remain so until they have had a calf. * spend more time in labor and more time giving birth than mature cows. * young mammal Infected cow * are primarily just a source of infection for calves - the main source of infection for calves - the source of the organisms * can infect their unborn calves. * fail to conceive or the embryo dies. * produce less and poorer quality milk. * secrete the bacteria into their milk and on to their pastures. Mad cow * belongs to a group of diseases called prion diseases. * fits the classic profile of a disease likely to cause hysteria. * is caused by a very unusual agent called prion - one of a family of prion diseases that strike humans and other animals * neurodegenerative disorder in cattle that can cause holes in the brain. * neurological disease that destroys the brain. Mature cow * Most mature cows weigh pounds. * are identifiable by their size and long slender shape. * tend to give bigger, and better calves than first-calf heifers do. Old cow * Most old cows have eyes - lead cow calves - produce calves * lead calves Older cow * are more likely to develop the disease, given mad cow disease's long incubation period. * have fewer reproductive years remaining reducing their value for breeding purposes. * tend to have a greater proportion of residual milk than heifers. Pregnant cow * Most pregnant cows deliver calves - healthy calves * are easier to observe if separated from cows that have calved - from cows that havecalved * carries endangered species. Springer * appear to be much more likely to suddenly bite than the average breed. * are cheerful dogs with a sense of humor - natural retrievers - part of archs - stones - very affectionate dogs and require attention from their human companions daily * can be high energy dogs and require a moderate amount of daily exercise. Thin cow * are more susceptible to pathogens and parasites. * give birth to weak calves, milk poorly and have difficulty rebreeding on time. * suffer more cold stress and rob body fat stores to keep warm. Young cow * are usually worst-affected, because they have no previous exposure and immunity. * tend to get thinner than older cows when nutrition is limiting.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| cattle: Dairy cattle * Most dairy cattle eat buttercups - tall buttercups * Some dairy cattle carry mutation. * are cattle. * breed originating in Scotland. * is cattle * suffer more quickly from lack of water than from shortage of any other nutrient.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| cattle: Dairy cow * Many dairy cows spend part of their lives outdoors and part indoors. * Most dairy cows are milked two to three times per day - eat grass - have stages - produce manure * Some dairy cows produce milk. * are female cattle that are raised to produce lots of milk for human consumption - usually white and black, red and white or a shade of brown * consume grass. - more because of their size and production demands * need water. - the most milk of any mammal in the world * receive hormones that boost their milk production - many injections over their lifetime * require grain and supplement. * stop producing milk. * suffer a life of continuous pregnancy and lactation - often at the same time. Healthy cattle * harbor the organism and are the major reservoir. * have more lice than cows that are sick.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| cattle: Male cattle * are castrated to improve docility for use as oxen - either bulls or steers - prone to urinary blockages which are life-threatening + Castration, Castration in veterinary practice: Reproductive system * Male horses are usually castrated, because stallions are rather aggressive. The same applies to male mules, although they are sterile. Male cattle are castrated to improve docility for use as oxen. + Testicle, Health issues, Diseases: Anatomy of the male reproductive system :: Glands * Male animals that are used for meat are generally castrated because it makes them fatter and also makes them quieter to keep because they do not fight each other. Most male cattle are castrated. Milk cow * Every milk cow causes one death each year. * Milk Cows are BIG eaters. * Most milk cows excrete manure. * are dry fed in summer and tiestall in winter - generally gentle creatures, but they are slow to learn * provide milk to sell and calves to slaughter for food for the family. * require more water for drinking than replacement animals. Wild cattle * Most wild cattle are active throughout the day and into the evening. * Most wild cattle live in grassland - regions - occur in areas<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate: Chevrotain * Most chevrotains browse on leaves. * Most chevrotains have features - many features - strategies - look like deer - rely on water * Some chevrotains are classified in families - belong to families * Some chevrotains have skin - status - thick skin - seek shelter * are able to hold their breath for about four minutes - small animals found in the forests of tropical Africa and Asia - solitary animals, and usually interact only to mate - very shy and often graze alone, only coming together to mate * have a habit of lying down rump first which is also similar to the behaviour of pigs - reddish coat - stocky bodies, strongly arched backs and short, thin legs * includes brains - breasts - cannon bones - cell membranes - cells - chest cavities - chests - corpi - cytoplasm - ears - faces - heads - hip sockets - hoofs - nuclei - piluses - plasma membranes - rib cages - second stomachs - sections - skulls - sterna - vacuoles * lack antlers but have tusklike upper canine teeth, used by the males for fighting. * possess chins. * rake sand by hoofs in search of turtle eggs. * willingly eat insects, snails, tadpoles and a carrion.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate: Deer * abound all over as well as raccoons, fox, and a few mountain lions. * adapt physiologically as well as behaviorally to the changes of season. * also eat weed. * are a fact of life for gardeners in much of the country - fecund species, and they produce multiple offspring when stressed - fixture in the meadows, and bobcats and coyotes sometimes venture out in the daylight - food specie like cows pigs, and chickens - lot faster than elk and can leap much higher - main food source for cougars, which are a protected species in California - monophyletic group - natural part of Indiana and a valuable resource - road hazard, particularly in the early morning and late evening, night hours - species that have been born and bred for the sole purpose of being killed for recreation - successful species because of their adaptability to most environments - unique group of mammals recognized for their grace and beauty * are abundant and readily seen - in the fall, winter and spring - abundant, as well as small mammals and birds - active and in rut - all around the region,as are racoons,skunks,groundhogs,and squirrels * are also more susceptible and suffer a more severe form of the disease than commercial cattle - notoriously problematic for homeowners, especially in winter - among the wildlife that use the hedgerow for food - an ancient Chinese symbol of longevity * are an important preferred host for the adult ticks - source of food for many people - apparently in a negative energy balance and lose weight during most winter - beautiful and shy animals, but beware of their hooves * are born with four baby teeth and develop baby incisors and premolars in their first months - teeth on their lower jaw - browsers that are attracted to the tender growth of strawberries in both spring and fall - browsers, feeding mainly on leaves - busy caring for newborn fawns - by far the most common, and most commonly wasted hides in North America * are common in Michigan - throughout the state, but are particularly abundant in southern counties * are common, along with the occasional moose - as are songbirds, hawks, and vultures - commonly brown or tan, with some species displaying piebald coloring - considered ruminant animals or animals that chew their food twice - crazy about many flowering plants * are creatures of habit and usually stay in a small home range, about one square mile - crepuscular in their activity patterns - crepuscular, which means they are most active at dawn and dusk - definitely different in what they eat from area to area - especially active at night - examples of competition within a species - excellent swimmers as well as jumpers * are extremely adaptive garden pests - common and can be seen year round - plentiful in many areas - productive animals - fast runners and swimmers - fat and their fur is best before winter - featured in many family, corporate, governmental and educational coats of arms - frequently on roadsides now - fringe animals - ghostlike in their effortless movements - great at the high jump but have trouble judging distance * are herbivores and are very adaptable to changing foraging conditions - eat grass, leaves, shoots and bark off trees * are herbivores, and they consume an amazing variety of plant material, mostly at dawn and dusk - they eat plants - highly adaptable to changes in their environment - host or carriers of brainworm without suffering any ill effects - hunted using a variety of methods but two are particularly popular - incredibly numerous and absolutely everywhere at all hours of the day and night - just like humans with allergic reactions to some chemicals - mobile, often traveling several miles each day * are more active in the daytime when the moon is visible - likely to be looking for danger inland - of a problem in spring when they eat tender new growth - vulnerable to coyotes during deep snow periods * are most abundant during winter months - active around dawn and dusk - hungry early spring and late winter because natural food supplies are gone - likely to be out and about around dusk and dawn - social during winter- when food is scarce - vulnerable on the opening day of the season - native wildlife and are regulated by the Wildlife Code of Missouri - notable jumpers and can easily clear fences up to six feet tall - notorious garden eaters - now heavier and produce more fawns - numerous, as well as elk in the early spring and fall * are often a major staple in cougar diet along with some smaller prey - habitual in their activities - one of the reasons that the ancient woodland has so many diverse species of native plants - opportunistic feeders - particularly vulnerable during deep snow conditions when coyotes often pack up to hunt - perhaps the worst menace to anyone rying to grow fruit trees - picky eaters and they have an order of preference for eating plants * are plentiful in a forest which always provides good hunting - the Texas hill country - polygamous, meaning that a buck can breed many does - primarily forbs eaters while cattle are primarily grass eaters - quick and agile animals - reddish brown in summer and grayish in winter - ruminants and have multi chambered stomachs similar to cows - ruminants, meaning that they bring their food back up to chew it again * are ruminants, meaning they are equipped with a four-chambered stomach - have four-chambered stomachs * are selective feeders and seek out preferred plant species - skittish and move more quickly when they hear a hunter approaching - so adaptable they are found in every county - sociable, but only within their own sex * are social and often move in herds dominated by an older female - animals and often move in herds dominated by an older female - creatures and, much like man, have a definite social structure - still plentiful in the mountains around, but the bear are comparatively scarce - strict vegetarians - susceptible to the disease as well as sheep, pigs and cattle - territorial and usually have a home range of one square mile - the main prey together with smaller animals, including insects, according to local species * are the most commonly seen mammals - important game mammal in the eastern United States * are the only animals that grow antlers - have antlers - common large mammal while mink and otters come ashore occasionally - primary hosts for the adult deer ticks, and are key to their reproductive success * are their main food source - primary food sources, and the presence of deer indicates likely presence of cougars - true edge species and do best where there mix of stands of various ages - ubiquitous, as well as the squirrel - ungulates, which means that they have two-toed hoofs - unpredictable - vegetarians, feeding primarily on buds, leaves, branches, and fruits of trees and shrubs * are very abundant in many parts of the country - adaptable and are becoming a common problem in urban home landscapes - common and quite tame - easy to hunt down * are very much aware of the signs they leave in the snow - like goats - susceptible to motorists in spring as they feed on roadside greenery - visible, even in daytime - very, very big squirrels - well-adapted to notice and meet danger - what is know as a a fecund species, and they produce multiple offspring when stressed - widespread and common - woodland ruminants * are, after all, an essential part of the make up of ancient woodland - the most popular big-game animal among Canadian hunters - of course, susceptible to rabies * attract hunters. * become accustomed to being fed at feeding sites and soon lose their fear of humans - reliant when fed * belong to a suborder of hoofed animals called ruminants, i.e. cud-chewing animals. * blend very well with their environment but are very sensitive to every sound or movement. * breed once a year. * browse the foliage and twigs - plants and ruffed grouse eat the leaves and twig tips * browse the twigs and leaves, rabbits eat the bark, and honeybees are attracted to the flowers - young leaves - in the winter and the leaves and succulent growth during spring and summer - twigs, buds and leaves * browse the young shoots * browsing in orchards causes serious economic losses. * build layers of fat during the summer and fall to prepare for winter. * carry a brainworm that is potentially fatal to moose. * come through in packs of three or four late at night. * concentrate their feeding on woody materials when herbaceous plants are unavailable. * consider poplars a delicacy. * consume the undergrowth and destroy young plants. * cover much of the country and are one of the most hunted game. * definitely prefer some plants over others. * depend on scent more than anything else - their sense of smell to avoid predators, including man * detect the smell of natural enemies by the scent of their urine. * do unpredictable things. * eat California bay laurel leaves, shoots and twigs, which are very high in protein. * eat a tremendous variety of foods in the wild - variety of plants to fulfill their nutritional requirements - all sorts of things - backyard plantings - blue maidencane - different things in the winter than they do in the summer - grass, leaves, buds, berries, bark, wild grapes, apples and acorns - grasses - many of the same things rabbits do and are also common around yards - quickly to avoid being found by predators * eat the acorns and browse the foliage - fir needles - grass and browse on the bushes - highly nutritious mushroom as a supplement to their diet - tender shoots of a number of different varieties of shrubs - terminal bud of white pine causing the tree to die or grow with trunk deformities - weeping willows, but the hardy trees are deer-tolerant * emerge from the forests and eat the greens in gardens, as deer do everywhere in closed seasons - late in the day * fall over dead when shot and geese drop from the sky. * find shelter in areas protected from the weather by hemlock, pine and spruce trees. * generally eat grass, clover, berries, and other vegetation - produce their first set of antlers in the first spring after they are born * grow antlers for their annual rut. * have a flee reflex to run away from something unusual - good night vision, which is useful in the early morning and near dusk - great sense of hearing - high reproductive potential, and depressed populations normally recover rapidly - keen sense of smell - large and varied diet and eat practically all plant species at one time or another - preference for certain shrubs - relatively low frequency range of hearing similar to cows - set of baby teeth just like humans - tremendous impact on hay and alfalfa, major forage for dairy cows - typical prey animal eye * have an excellent sense of smell - innate ability to blend with their surroundings - annual patterns, it seems - antlers that grow, fall off and re-grow annually - different personalities, just like dogs, cats, people, etc * have excellent senses of smell and vision, as well as very good hearing - sight and smell - few predators in Indiana - fewer plants to eat - instincts that drive hunters crazy - interdigital and tarsal glands on their legs - keen eyesight and hearing * have large ears that rotate to pick up sounds - eyes and long ears - long noses * have many predators, or natural enemies - no upper incisors so they make a rather messy cut - problems with many diets that livestock consume easily - sharp hooves and can strike swiftly and without warning - similar habits as moose in the summer months - strong likes and dislikes - suitable habitat in the national forest * incorporate both physical and behavioral adaptations for survival. * lack upper incisors and they leave a ragged edge on the branch. * learn quickly - to fear it * leave their fawns for hours in places they consider safe. * live predominantly on the edge of a forest. * living in good habitat at worst tend to be only mildly affected by winter. * make another vocalization during times of acute distress - trails when they forage, both on site and to and from their beds - up the majority of a cougar's diet * never die of natural causes - turn into elk * occur at all elevations in summer, whereas elk prefer the higher forests. * often avoid trees and bushes which have been hung with small bars of soap - cause considerable damage to fruit trees - cross the golf course early and late in the day * often eat hosta foliage when food is scarce - the fruit - have twins and birds lay many eggs in a clutch - move in groups - pause or bed down within the oak's island of habitat - stay yarded until the spring thaw * often travel in family groups of does and fawns - small groups, and communicate with each other by stamping their feet * prefer a variety of agricultural crops including both grains and vegetables - deciduous woodlands with occasional clearings - to eat in fringe areas and are seen on the Drive * provide the lion's primary food source. * quickly learn which areas have dogs and children and adjust their feeding schedule accordingly. * ravage the neighbours plants and are sometimes considered a pest. * remain active at dawn and start to move again at dusk - very visible along roadsides and in fields * reproduce quickly. * require an abundance and variety of nutritious foods for growth, reproduction, and maintenance - extensive trails to elude predators * rub their antlers against small trees and bushes in an effort to peel off the velvet. * see best at night, as they have more light-detecting cells in their eyes than humans - motion better than they see detail - slightly differently than do humans * seem to be able to determine which foods or plants are most nourishing - moving about more after the thick ice crust disappeared * serve as hosts for the tick. * sometimes signal each other by making pawing sounds. * stand quietly or bed down in cover when inactive. * take weeks or months to adapt to new food types. * tend to avoid some plants and relish others. * tend to be creatures of habit, however - more active at night than during the day - favour open habitat of fields and the 'low browse' that results from forestry - feed early, then bed up in the hills above the fields during mid-day - go for nursery-grown plants that fertilizer makes more nutritious - leave it alone because it is aromatic - maintain well-defined patterns of movement that are governed by the season - move along waterways, fence rows, field edges and wooded corridors - occur in the same places over time - run straight and fast leading the field on a wild and long gallop * understand the difference between dominance and leadership. * usually avoid small, penned-in areas - do well when apples, oats, or acorns are given as diet supplements - stay in the same area called a home range * walking into the wind often change direction when it shifts. * wander freely. + Deer, Behaviour * Deer have many predators. Wolves, cougar, dogs and people will eat deer. They are always looking, listening and smelling for danger. They can usually run faster than their predators - Evolution * Deer are a monophyletic group. They originated in the northern hemisphere and arrived in some Gondwana continents much later. The Red Deer are found in the Atlas Mountains of North Africa, and some deer arrived in South America via the Great American Interchange. Below the Sahara, Africa belongs to the antelopes, which occupy a niche similar to the deer	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| deer: Adult deer * have few predators except for humans, Mountain Lions and wolves, where they still exist. * stand about three feet tall from the ground to shoulder. * use the same areas each year.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| deer: Brocket * Most brockets have antlers. * Some brockets are classified as habitat specialists. * Some brockets have habits - spots - whitish spots * are well-adapted to rainforest life. * includes antlers - brains - breasts - cannon bones - cell membranes - cells - chest cavities - chests - corpi - cytoplasm - ears - faces - heads - hip sockets - hoofs - nuclei - piluses - plasma membranes - rib cages - second stomachs - sections - skulls - sterna - vacuoles Brocket deer * inhabit grassland - regions * select sites. ### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| deer \| brocket: Red brocket * Most red brockets have antlers. * Some red brockets are classified as habitat specialists. * Some red brockets have habits * are diurnal, spending most of their active time in dense forests searching for food.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| deer: Caribou * Most caribou avoids predators - depends on food * Most caribou eats food - plants - shrubs - vegetation * Most caribou feeds on green plants - lichens - terrestrial lichens - vascular plants * Most caribou gives birth to animals - grows antlers * Most caribou has antlers - coats - double coats - fur - large antlers - soft fur - tendons * Most caribou has-parts eyes - glands - legs - teeth - inhabit arctic tundra and surrounding boreal coniferous forest - inhabits arctic tundra * Most caribou lives in canadian provinces - environments - groups - habitats - herds - worlds - occurs in herds - plays in snow * Most caribou possesses fur - hair - prefers treeless tundra - seeks habitats - sheds antlers - spreads seeds - swallows food * Most caribou uses hoofs - shape hoofs * Some caribou avoids forests - carries parasites * Some caribou eats lichens - tundra grass - vegetables - enters forests * Some caribou exploits food sources - other food sources * Some caribou feeds on common juniper - willows * Some caribou grazes in lawns - valleys * Some caribou has diseases - hoof diseases - twins * Some caribou is located in herds - on ice - keeps antlers * Some caribou lives in forests - islands - plays in rivers * Some caribou possesses horns - microorganisms - prefers forests - requires forests - rests on snow - roams forests - swims across lakes - uses materials - wears antlers * adapts for survival. * avoids people - regions * crosses pasture * follows herds. * grazes in regions. - noses - brains - breasts - chest cavities - chests - cytoplasm - hip sockets - nuclei - sterna - vacuoles * is animals - mammals - reindeers * jumps over grass. * makes noise. * moves to areas - coastal areas * moves to nearby areas * occupies ranges. * returns to fields. * roams environments - hillsides - landscapes - mountains * seeks areas * shakes horns. ### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| deer \| caribou: Female caribou * Most female caribou has antlers. * are the only female deer with antlers. * avoid industrial facilities when they are calving or accompanied by young calves. * keep their antlers until they calve. Male caribou * are distinctive for the prominent bronze antlers they grow in the fall breeding season. * tend to have larger front hooves than females. Peary caribou * are the smallest. * migrate seasonally among the Arctic islands where they spend their lifetime. Chital deer * are from India, where their natural predator is the tiger. * have the distinction of being the first species imported into Australia.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| deer: Elk * Many elk spend the summer where they find green grasses, cool breezes and shady resting areas. * Most elk adapt to habitats - appear in forests * Most elk are classified as animals - distinguished by legs - known as bulls - cross rivers - depend on vegetation * Most elk die of causes - natural causes - drink water * Most elk eat food - leaves - grow antlers * Most elk has-part legs - shoulders * Most elk have antlers - bones - incisors - massive muscles - perceptions - senses - sharp incisors - teeth - unique characteristics - wide ranges * Most elk live in areas - transition zones - make antlers - move antlers - occupy small areas - occur in mountains * Most elk possess sex - vertebrae * Most elk prefer flat grassland - relate to elk * Most elk require diets - retain antlers - seek forests * Most elk stand in environments - fields - on legs * Most elk use antlers - large antlers - wear antlers - weigh pounds * Some elk adapt to humans - are inside valleys * Some elk are located in hills - on roads - carry babies * Some elk come from forests - destroy vegetation * Some elk eat clover - flowers - hay - mushrooms * Some elk feed in lakes - streams - get sick and die * Some elk have fevers - markets - religious connotations - water sources * Some elk live in Alaska - Pennsylvania - Wyoming - countries - parks - play in rivers * Some elk possess alleles - hierarchies - prefer forests - relate to caribou * Some elk rely on cows - mature cows - shed antlers * Some elk stand in habitats - pools - thrive in forests * abound in Finland and reindeer in Lappland. * also displace less tolerant species like mule deer and bighorn sheep - have the disease - make good eating - roll in mud wallows to loosen their dead winter coats and help dislodge annoying parasites - strip bark from larger trees, which gives pathogens a way in - use body language * are a herding species but the extent of herding can vary by sex and time of year - member of the deer family - native species - vital part of a growing regional economy, both for wildlife watching and hunting - able to take long, graceful strides - about two to three times the size of their smaller cousins, the deer - active at dusk and dawn and are frequently seen feeding in prairies during the day * are also dangerous during the fall mating season and many visitors are injured each year - subject to hunting when they leave the park - among the animals that conservationists are trying to protect with closure boundaries - an important game animal to both hunters and ranchers * are big animals, with long legs, that can cover a lot of real estate in a short period of time - game animals which bring significant revenue to the rural Montana economy - both grazers and browsers - browsers and deer are roamers - dangerous, especially during the spring calving season and the fall rutting season - efficient converters of food - even safer when they are resting and ruminating - far from becoming endangered - found in woodlands, mountain meadows, foothills, plains, swamps, and coniferous forests * are generally subject to limited, legal sport hunting - tan in color, with dark brown over the head, neck and legs * are gregarious animals that prefer to live in groups - animals, and displays of dominance are common within the herd - gregarious, with each sex forming separate herds for most of the year - hardier - elk have a natural immunity to most diseases * are hardy animals that have few physiological needs for cover - livestock with natural immunity to most diseases - harem breeders and evidence shows that the females actually choose the male * are herbivores, meaning they feed on plant material - which means they eat only plants * are highly social animals and travel in various herd sizes throughout the year - in the horse pasture almost every morning during winter - inactive in hot weather * are known as bulls - for their huge antlers - large animals - larger than deer - members of the deer family and share many physical traits with deer, moose, and caribou * are more seasonal appearing in the spring and late fall - than three times the size of deer * are most active early and late in the day - in the dusk and the dark - common in open areas near timber stands, where they graze on grasses and shrubs * are much larger than white tail deer - white-tailed deer - natural carriers of the disease brucellosis - noisy animals by wildlife standards - one of the largest members of the deer family - organized around a matriarchal society - painted on rocks throughout archaeological sites in the western United States - polygamous and bulls begin to gather a harem of cows in early autumn * are predominantly grazers and are efficient converters of nutrients - primarily grazers, eating a variety of grasses and forbes - related to deer but are much larger than most of their relatives - ruminant animals and therefore regurgitate their food and remasticate to aid in digestion - ruminants * are social animals and live in herds - animals, living in herds for much of the year - still much closer to nature - susceptible to most of the diseases that trouble cattle, but less so * are the most abundant large mammals found in Yellowstone - common of the large animals in the park * are the most vocal and polygamous of the deer family - species of North American deer - noisiest member of the deer family in North America - park's most common ungulate - primary prey species for wolves * are the second largest deer in the park next to moose - on the continent, only the moose is larger - usually at higher elevations during summer months - very vocal animals - wild animals * are, by their very nature, a difficult animal to hunt. * begin moving to lower elevations. * behave in similar ways wherever they live, but the details vary with specific habitat. * can also be nocturnal. * can be a very dangerous animals - easier to locate because of snow cover and fallen vegetation - hosts to a variety of diseases just like cattle or deer - pale gray, tan, or brown - give birth to twins just like humans can - live in many habitats, from rugged mountains to desert valleys to hardwood forests * change behavior. * compete for food in the deer's traditional areas. * consume grain - the young shoots and grasshoppers defoliate it in drought years * cross environments * defend territory. * depend more on forbs and woodier plants, like bushes and shrubs. * depend on the forest for cover, especially in winter * die from hunting, predation, starvation, disease and harsh winters. * do move long distances for many reasons. * eat a variety of foods depending on the season - all kinds of plants - as they migrate, and often reach the grass in the spring before the cattle do - aspens, cottonwoods, and willows - grass and shrubs and tree bark and leaves - grass, shoots, twigs, leaves, flowers and fruit - grasses, weeds, wildflowers, clover and mushrooms - new growth on shrubs, woody vegetation, grasses and other herbaceous plants - the tips of the leaves * exhibit a range of sounds to warn of predators and communicate with one another. * farming in the U.S. is in an early growth stage. * feed on all kinds of plants, but are primarily grazers of grasses - grasses, herbs, twigs, and bark - predominantly on grasses, but also use forbs, browse, and bark * gather in herds. * generally avoid roads, lessening their chance of being involved in accidents with vehicles. * graze in fields. * has-part heads * have a dark head, neck and legs, with a lighter brown body and cream- colored rump. * have a large range and move according to seasonal food availability - variety of vocalization for communicating with each other - molar on each side of their upper jaw about half way back behind the front teeth - more deer-like, slender snout - red-brown body, chestnut brown neck, pale yellow rump and slender snout - reduced blood supply to their legs which keeps their core body temperature higher - seasonal life cycle - summer and a winter coat - distinct summer and winter coats, which they shed in late summer and spring, respectively - four-chambered stomachs and chew their cud - grayish brown coats, with a white patch on the rump - keen senses - long, blackish hair on the neck that is referred to as a mane - only two coats one for summer and one for winter - other tricks for staying warm in winter * have sharp incisors for biting off plants and broad and flat molars for mashing plants - slender legs and a thick neck - specific tactics they use for protection - spread antlers - chests - second stomachs * inhabit the relatively flat meadows in the summer and fall - woods of Eurasia and North America * interact with their surroundings in a manner that constantly changes. * is an implementation of the Scheme programming language - smaller and quieter than Detroit - the maker and keeper of the sacred fire * is very dark and coarsely grained - tender and low in fat * keep to the wet forests and deer and boars are numerous. * large species of deer. * leave the shade of the forest at dusk to eat grasses growing among the sagebrush. * live in a wide variety of forests and grasslands - forested areas, mountain meadows, foothills and canyons - large herds, but a lone elk can often be seen - the high mountain meadows and clearings throughout Montana - mainly on grass, leaves, bark and other plants - successfully in a variety of neighborhoods * lose their antlers each spring naturally, which are collected and sold as a commodity. * meat that can range from assertively gamy to pleasantly full-bodied. * need water. * never remove their coats. * occasionally graze in the open aspen groves to the east. * occupy areas * often have to share their habitat with cattle. * possess blood - chromosomes - open woodlands and avoid dense unbroken forests - to graze on rich brush and grasses that follow disturbances such as fire and logging * primary food source for the pack. * provide a much broader range of market opportunities than most other common livestock. * provides a summary of the biology and ecology of elk. * raise heads. * range from the eastern foothills to the western border of Colorado. * red meat low in fat content and similar to boneless chicken. * replace all of their hair twice a yearonce in the spring and once in the fall. - large amounts of food because of their body size and herding tendencies - their antlers for more than six months of the year * roam areas - terrains * see colors. * select places. * serve as a predominant food source for many other large mammals in the area. * shake antlers. * share districts * shed horns. * sometimes coexist with development in surprising locations. * spend their summers at high elevations, and move to lower more sheltered areas in the winter - in the mountains where food is abundant and the temperature is cool * survive gunshot wounds, seals heal after shark bites, oak trees resprout after decapitation. * tend to avoid roads in all seasons. * tends to be thicker but deer can actually be stronger. * then polish their antlers on trees and shrubs to remove the velvet. * to graze on grass. * tolerate extreme temperatures better than deer. - the area heavily in the winter for feeding * utilize all types of cover, from open fields to heavily timbered mountains.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| deer \| elk: Male elk * are notable for their impressively large antlers. * grow and naturally shed a set of antlers every year - shed their antlers every year * have antlers which are shed each year. * roll in mud wallows to keep cool and avoid insect pests. * use their antlers to spar with other bulls. Fallow deer * Most fallow deer have sharp vision * Some fallow deer have different color phases * are a semi-domesticated animal, and are primarily a grazing animal - about half the size of red deer - deers - mammals - one of the most widespread species in the world * fall into three main color classifications, white, chocolate and spotted. * follow the patterns of their Cervid counterparts in reproduction states. * seem to be relatively resistant. Female deer * Most female deer have adult life * Most female deer reach maturity - sexual maturity * Some female deer occupy different areas. * are called does, cows or hinds. * called does never grow antlers. * change locations. * require more protein in their diet during the spring to support pregnancy and lactation. Himalayan musk deer * have feet. * remain in areas - same areas Key deer * Some key deer are killed by motor vehicles * are herbivores feeding mainly on native plants. * get energy.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| deer: Male deer * All male deer grow and shed their antlers in an annual cycle. * Most male deer compete for mates * Most male deer have antlers that are shed and renewed annually - lose antlers - possess red spots * Most male deer rub antlers - velvety antlers - use antlers * Some male deer have tops - rub themselves with urine increasing their threat signal during the rut * are called bucks, bulls, stags or harts - female deer are called does, and baby deer are called fawns * can grow very impressive racks or antlers. * damage plants. * go through a special ritual of rutting during the fall season. * grow and shed a new set of antlers every year - antlers in the late spring and lose the antlers in late winter - new antlers each year - their antlers after the mating season * require more protein in their diet during antler development. * shed their antlers in the spring and grow a new rack by the fall. * use their antlers to fight each other during the fall breeding season, called the rut - hooves to scrape at the ground	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| deer: Moose * Most moose eat aquatic plants - vegetation * Most moose have a brownish coloration - brown fur - calves - chamber stomachs - complex noses - eyesights - legs - long legs - massive antlers - poor eyesights - short tails - slender legs - teeth - weight * Most moose make seasonal movements for calving, rutting, and wintering areas - to calving, rutting, and wintering areas * Some moose are distinguished by heads - can have impact * Some moose die from infection - starvation - enter states * Some moose have allies - bells - coats - height - karyotypes - livers - saddles - toes * Some moose have warm coats - winter coats - lose considerable weight - run across highways - shed heavy antlers * are cool, in their own way - located in meadows * consume aquatic vegetation - calories * die from causes. - leaves * feed in safe zones - on grass * find food. * forage in aquatic habitats * have antlers - body weight - faces * includes antlers - brains - breasts - cannon bones - cell membranes - cells - chest cavities - chests - corpi - cytoplasm - ears - hip sockets - hoofs - nuclei - piluses - plasma membranes - rib cages - second stomachs - sections - skulls - sterna - vacuoles * inhabit areas. * live in areas - forest areas - large areas - small areas * lower heads. * move eyes. * need habitats. * prefer climates - cool climates * pursue cow moose * survive cold weather - front incisors - sound * weigh kgs - kilograms - pounds ### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| deer \| moose: Cow moose * Most cow moose have weight. * weigh kgs. Female moose * Most female moose have calves. * are very protective and nurturing mothers. * give birth to one or two calves in the spring. * weigh pounds.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| deer \| moose: Male moose * are called bulls, female moose are cows and young moose are known as calves. * grow antlers that are approximately five feet wide. * have a much larger bell than females - enormous, broad, flattened antlers with marginal prongs, or tines - large antlers + Moose, Appearance: Deer :: Mammals of North America * In winter, their fur becomes a grayish color. Male moose have large antlers. These antlers fall off before winter. In the spring the antlers grow back again. Female moose do not have antlers.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| deer: Mule deer * Most mule deer are classified as animals - detect slight movement * Most mule deer eat foliage - grass - toxic plants - establish home ranges and use the same winter and summer homes in consecutive years - get water * Most mule deer have ears - narrow tails * Most mule deer live in areas - up to years - occur in areas * Most mule deer prefer grassland - herb shrubs - open grassland - require water - utilize habitats * Some mule deer affect development - feed on twigs * Some mule deer have months - patches * Some mule deer have small patches - white patches - occur in steppes * abound from mountain tops to river bottoms. * abound, and golden eagles nest and forage in the area. * are New Mexico's most important big game species. * are abundant along the coulees throughout the region - and can often be observed munching in the meadows below the summit - amazing creatures - among the most beloved and iconic wildlife of the American West - another animal often spotted in Red Rocks Park - browsers with a highly varied diet - common in upland side canyons and brushy draws - darker and taller than whitetail deer - deers - extremely varied in their habitats - more numerous, and found mostly in the southern two-thirds of the state - present on most of the islands - preyed on by mountain lions throughout their range - ruminants and digest their food in much the same way as a cow - selective feeders - serially polygynous - social animals that typically stay in groups * are the cousins of the whitetails, though they are a separate species - most abundant large mammals in the breaks - prime prey sought by elusive mountain lion * can live in most parts of the desert, as can prairie dogs, a favorite of young visitors - move long distances during spring and fall migrations to avoid mountain snow * detect movement * do eat grass, but starve on a diet of only grass. * eat different plants throughout the year * feed on plants - predominantly in open areas, avoiding forest edges and forest interiors * follow a time- honored migration to the high country. * forage habitats. * get their name from their large, mule-like ears * have a gestation period of about seven months - canine teeth - extremely large ears, hence the name - large mule-like ears and a white tail with black fringe in the summer - requirements - small stomachs, compared to their overall body size - smaller tails in which only the tip is covered with black hairs - specific requirements - the same acute senses of smell, sight and hearing as have white-tailed deer - white undersides and black,white and gray-barred sides and back * is included on all rifle elk hunts during deer season. * is the most common large mammal - park's only deer species - throughout western North America from the southern Yukon to northern Mexico * make their summer home in the high basins and draws. * migrate up the slopes as the snow melts. * move into the higher elevations in summer - through the country during spring and fall migrations - to the valley to forage and avoid the snow * prefer open grassland - grasslands and perk-lands, or forest edge ecosystems * spend the summers in high mountain meadows. * switch diets. * use it to build up their fat reserves for the winter months. - riparian habitats for forage, water, shelter, and fawning areas * visit the lake itself in the evenings and early mornings.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| deer: Muntjac * Most muntjacs are classified as omnivores. * Some muntjacs have antlers - coats - dense coats - glands - ranges - seasons - wide ranges * Some muntjacs prefer grassland - shrub grassland - use bark * are an important part of the food web - hunted for their meat and skin * are one of the earliest known deer species that bear antlers - smallest species of deer on the planet - small deer, with dark red-brown fur and white patches on the chin, throat and rump - solitary animals that come together to breed - the oldest known deer * attain density. * belong to the genus Muntiacus. * cause injuries - serious injuries * have long tongues which are used to strip leaves from low bushes. * includes antlers - brains - breasts - cannon bones - cell membranes - cells - chest cavities - chests - corpi - cytoplasm - faces - heads - hip sockets - hoofs - nuclei - piluses - plasma membranes - rib cages - second stomachs - sections - skulls - sterna - vacuoles * make their homes out of large broken branches. * use their extremely long tongue to reach many of their favorite foods. Muntjac deer * Some muntjac deer live in gardens. * are tiny, doe-eyed and impossibly cute. * have no seasonal rut and mating can take place at any time of year. ### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| deer \| muntjac: Indian muntjac * Most indian muntjacs are classified as omnivores. * Some indian muntjacs have antlers<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| deer: Musk deer * Most musk deer have feet - live in environments * Most musk deer remain in areas - same areas. * ' are a group of even-toed ungulate mammals. They form the family 'Moschidae'. There are four species of musk deer, but they are all very similar. Musk deer are more primitive than true deer * are deers - generally more active by night, they spend much of the day asleep or by dense cover - mostly active at night - shy and furtive animals with a keen sense of hearing - shy, timid, and generally solitary - solitary for most of the year - strongly territorial + Musk deer, Life: Even-toed ungulates Red brocket deer * inhabit regions. * select sites.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| deer: Red deer * Most red deer have antlers. * acquire infection. * are active both day and night, however, activity peaks at dawn and dusk - among mammals exhibiting homosexual behavior - deers - held in captivity for a variety of reasons - ruminants , characterized by a four-chambered stomach - the most prolific deer species in New Zealand and consequently the heaviest hunted * have a reddish brown summer coat, which changes to a drab brown in winter * is another polygamous species in which a few dominant males mate with most of the females.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| deer: Reindeer * are a domesticated variety of caribou that are herded by humans and used for pulling sleds - adapted to live in the arctic by conserving body heat - built for staying warm in freezing temperatures - found in the Arctic and are seasonal breeders - genetically compatible to caribou and interbred freely - grazers, they eat grass - herbivores meaning they are plant eaters - herbivores, so they eat lichens - herd animals and live in groups - important for their survival - just domesticated caribou, and the animals themselves see no difference - large deer with antlers that live in the cold regions of Eurasia and North America - members of the deer-family - mobile, adaptable to new surroundings and prefer the freedom to keep moving * are much less numerous than formerly - more sedentary than caribou - normally smaller than the caribou - numerous on both shores, both in summer and winter - semi-domesticated caribou - shorter and stouter - small, stocky, and stupid - strong runners and very good swimmers * are the only deer species to have hair completely covering their nose - where both sexes have antlers - members of the deer family in which both males and females grow antlers - unique in that both males and females have antlers - vegetarians, feeding on grasses, mosses, leaves, and lichens - well suited for the Arctic cold * eat mostly grass , but eat also almost any other plant. * have a brownish colored coat that is light in the winter and dark in the summer - relationship with humans going back thousands of years - very wide hooves, a broad muzzle, and thick brown fur * serve a traditional role in Alaska Native culture. * tend to be lighter than the caribou of North America - group together when in danger - have a more robust body shape, with shorter legs and a flatter face - stay in more cohesive groups + Reindeer, Appearance: Deer :: Mammals of North America * The different reindeer subspecies have different sizes and slightly same fur colors. Male reindeer are usually bigger and heavier than the females. They weigh between 60 - 300 kilograms. Reindeer mostly have a grey-brown fur. The fur is dark in summer and becomes a lighter color in winter. Reindeer are the only deer where both sexes have antlers. The antlers of female reindeer are smaller than the antlers of males. Reindeer also have big feet, which helps them walk on soft ground * Reindeer eat mostly grass, but eat also almost any other plant. In winter they often eat Reindeer lichen, moss and fungi. * Reindeer are herd animals and live in groups. They live in groups of 10-100 reindeer, which are herds of only females or herds of only males. Reindeer go on long journeys between the warm and cold seasons. For this journeys the smaller groups form big herds of up to several 100,000 animals. Reindeer mate in October, and the males mate with as many females as possible ### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| deer \| reindeer: Female reindeer * Most female reindeer reach maturity - reproductive maturity * retain their antlers til after they give birth in the spring - till after they give birth in the spring - until after they give birth in the spring<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| deer \| reindeer: Male reindeer * are usually bigger and heavier than the females - solitary, while females tend to group themselves into herds + Reindeer, Appearance: Deer :: Mammals of North America * The different reindeer subspecies have different sizes and slightly same fur colors. Male reindeer are usually bigger and heavier than the females. They weigh between 60 - 300 kilograms. Reindeer mostly have a grey-brown fur. The fur is dark in summer and becomes a lighter color in winter. Reindeer are the only deer where both sexes have antlers. The antlers of female reindeer are smaller than the antlers of males.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| deer: Resident deer * are present throughout the year. * do occur on the lower elevation private lands. Roe deer * Most roe deer occur within regions. * Some roe deer make bark. * have faces. Sambar * is eaten with rice or with dosa and idlis or even alone, as a soup. * kind of legume or vegetable stew or soup. * vegetable stew based on a broth made from toor dal, tamarind and other spices. * very popular dish in South Indian cuisine.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| deer: Sambar deer * Most sambar deer eat food. * Most sambar deer have glands - mortality - scent glands - vast potential - occur in areas * Most sambar deer occur in many areas - protect areas - possess red spots * Most sambar deer reach maturity - sexual maturity * Some sambar deer eat bark. * are excellent swimmers - often on a target of hunters because of their beautiful antlers and meat * attain height. * damage plants. * display behavior. * have a sex ratio greatly favouring females, due to the high mortality of males - long black tails * is one of the largest members of deer family. * produce barking calls in the case of danger. * rub antlers.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| deer: Sika * are a pretty deer, being slightly smaller than red, and have a small petite face - native to the islands of Japan and Taiwan and the adjacent mainland areas of Eastern Asia - study animals and seem to do well in the north as well as the hot, dry southwest - voracious foragers that have been known to cause farmers to lose crops * have a distinctive rump patch with a bright white underside that fluffs when alarmed. * hybridise comparatively readily with congeneric red deer C. elaphus.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| deer: Stag * also sport a distinctive mane while in the rut. * are beers - bucks - cider - deers - investors - people - prized for trophy hunts as their impressive antlers can have up to eight tines - pugnacious, fighting each other outside the rut as well as during it - red deers * eat little or nothing during the rutting season, and lose weight rapidly. * have no flowers. * represent the masculine side of the balance of nature. * tend to be a much darker brown, with a scruff of hair on the front of the neck. Tuft deer * Most tuft deer have tails. * Some tuft deer have karyotypes - live in pairs Wapiti * are gregarious, often forming sizable herds. * rely heavily on the grasslands of the montane forest in the Bow Valley for winter food.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| deer: Whitetail * All whitetails possess specialized forehead skin glands that become increasingly active in autumn. * are cagey and best hunted from tree stands - crepuscular, being most active in early morning and evening - extremely skittish, a characteristic common to prey species large and small - hiders - polygamous animals - primarily browsers and eat a tremendous variety of plants throughout their range - the number one game animal in the United States * are, after all, the state's premier big game animal. * average roughly six to ten lbs. * breed once a year, with the mating season taking place in autumn. * can survive for a long time without water if their food has a high water content. * communicate with vocalizations and scents. - hunting on as many properties the deer hunter desires to hunt * does are painstakingly careful to keep their offspring hidden from predators - give birth to anywhere from one to six fawns each spring * eat a variety of herbaceous and woody plants. * give birth to about equal numbers of buck and doe fawns. * have antlers - four sets of external glands that are used primarily for communication - two coats each year * like to live in the woods, dry or swampy, and the borders of woods. * react differently in cold weather no matter where they live. * rely on subclimax stands to provide hiding cover and adequate forage. * require an abundant food supply consisting mainly of forbs and grasses. * tend to be larger in the northern states.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| deer: Whitetail deer * are abundant in the magnificent state forests - abundant, and armadillo are present - creatures of habit - perhaps the most hunted big game animal in North America - plentiful on the islands * are the major host of the lone star ticks - most abundant large game species in North America * are the most nervous and shy of the deer in Washington - or our deer - very common * browse the twigs and young foliage - young growth * have a home range, usually one square mile - no such luxuries * occupy a variety of habitats from forests to fields and swamps. Young deer * are called fawns or calfs - just as likely to roam or stay at home as are old deer * begin foraging on plants within a month and are completely weaned in three months.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate: Gaur * Some gaurs belong to families - consume plants - eat bark * Some gaurs feed on corn - crop corn - graze on grass * Some gaurs have few natural enemies - height - humps - shoulder humps * are able to finally reintegrate their former habitats - found throughout southern Asia - huge ox-like animals from Asia that are highly endangered - mammals - sexually dimorphic * generally keep to themselves and are shy and elusive animals. * includes brains - breasts - cannon bones - cell membranes - cells - chest cavities - chests - corpi - cytoplasm - ears - faces - heads - hip sockets - hoofs - nuclei - piluses - plasma membranes - rib cages - second stomachs - sections - skulls - sterna - vacuoles * live in herds led by a single adult male	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate: Giraffe * All giraffes are one species containing nine subspecies distinguished only by spot patterns. * Every giraffe has a unique spot pattern - two hair-covered horns called ossicones * Most giraffes are bisexual. * Most giraffes develop necks - vertebrae * Most giraffes eat acacias - bushes - evergreen leaves - flowers - trees - get water - give birth to giraffes * Most giraffes have a tan, white or yellow coat that is spotted with brown, square shapes - arteries - characteristics - coat patterns - dark coats * Most giraffes have different coat patterns - excellent eyesights - lips - long necks - neck bones - physical characteristics - short necks - similar characteristics - thick lips - tongues * Most giraffes have unique coat patterns - live either in East Africa or in Angola and Zambia in southwestern Africa * Most giraffes live in grassland - groups - woodlands - make saliva - produce offspring - reach food * Most giraffes require food * Some giraffes are killed by lions - die from dehydration - excrete waste - give birth to calves * Some giraffes have blood vessels - branches - dark patches - diversity - elastic blood vessels - genetic mutation - heat - high pressure - large dark patches - neck vertebrae * Some giraffes live in basins - congo river basins - dusty environments - look like deer * Some giraffes occupy second trophic levels - require giraffes * also eat flowers, vines and herbs - enjoy the leaves of mimosas and apricots * also have a massive heart and vascular system to deliver sufficient blood to the brain - large hearts - use their long neck for reaching leaves off of trees * are also one of the fastest animals - among the many wild animal species that populate the African plains * are among the most awe-inspiring creatures on the planet - recognizable of all wildlife in the African savannah - another mammal which have horns - better off seeing and running away from predators than fending off attacks - browsers that prefer to eat new shoots and leaves of thorny acacia trees - capable of drink water - consumers - diurnal - easy to identify with their long necks, skinny legs and distinctive spotted markings - even-toed ungulates - extremely picky eaters - females * are found in Africa but are becoming increasingly rare in the west - parts of Africa - zoos all over out there both large and small - generally the inhabitants of savannas, woodlands, and grasslands - great lookouts for other animals because of their height - gregarious, but it s the individual that is the basic social unit in giraffe society - herbivores and eat leaves that are out of reach of other animals * are herbivores, meaning they eat plants rather than meat - which means they eat only plants - herbivorous - in the long-necked ruminants family * are located in drawers - most vulnerable to predators when drinking or lying down - multi-cellular - natives of Africa where they run wild in the tall grasses of the open planes - one of the most fascinating and different animals on earth - predominantly browsers and they utilise a wide range of plants - rather docile creatures - ruminants and have a stomach with four compartments that digests the leaves they eat - social animals - taller than human babies, and human babies are taller than ants * are the animals on earth - tallest amongst mammals * are the tallest animals in the world - land animals - living mammals * are the tallest of all land animals - living animals - standing land animals on earth - world's tallest living animal - thought to be mute - truly giant animals - unable to cough or swim - usually quiet animals but they can grunt or bleat * are very calm animals and they tend to do very well with other plant eaters in the wild - peaceful animals - selective feeders and only chooses the most nutritious leaves * breathe air - in oxygen and release carbon dioxide just like other mammals and humans do * breed throughout the year. * browse in the crowns of the trees, reaching up to a height of fifteen or more feet - on trees - upon the leaves of trees * chew food * consume foliage. * defend themselves against predators by kicking with either the fore or hind feet. * drink water if it is available but can go weeks without it - when it is available, and they are able to survive in areas with scarce water * eat a variety of tree and shrub species - from the top of the trees, because that is all they see - grass and tree leaves in the wild and grass and hay at the zoo - mainly young leaves and shoots, primarily of the acacia and mimosa trees - other things besides leaves - plants, grass, and grain crops - shrubs - the leaves of a variety of deciduous and evergreen trees and shrubs - trees and bushes for food, and lions eat giraffes - twigs and leaves - twigs, mainly from acacia trees, but they also eat grass, shrubs and fruits - vegetation * establish dominance. * exhibit classic prey pupils. * feed and drink during the morning and evening * fight by charging and swinging their heads at each other as hard as they can. * give birth standing up * grow for ten years until they reach their maximum height. * has-part bones - teeth * have a dark-colored tongue that prevents it from becoming sunburned - great sense of sight - reputation for being silent, but calves do bleat for attention * have a special niche in the African savanna - taste for thorny acacia leaves, by the way * have a very kick - long neck and legs - colors * have horns called ossicones - unlike any other mammal - individually distinct patterns - light brownish spots with yellow patches outside the spots * have long amazed scientists with their cardiovascular system - legs, a sloping back and an extremely long neck - necks that reach to the leaves of tall trees - necks, which they use to browse the leaves of trees * have no vocal chords - cords - noses - same patterns - seven bones in their neck - the largest eyes of all land animals * have two horns and two or three knobs - strategies to minimize their chances of being attacked while sleeping - ways of moving, a loping walk and a gallop * have very big hearts, which they use to pump blood up through the neck to the brain - little enemies, they are tall, so they can get their food from trees - powerful legs and they use their legs to defend themselves - cells - chests - cytoplasm - faces - hoofs - piluses - plasma membranes - vacuoles * kick with their hooves and slam with their heads. * like to nuzzle each other tenderly and to rub their heads and necks together. * live alone or in loose groups. * live in African grasslands - habitats where the available food varies throughout the year - herds in African grasslands and eat tree leaves - only one continent- Africa - open habitats, primarily wooded savannas and open woodlands - savannas throughout Africa - small groups * live in the South African Grasslands - savanna grasslands * lower heads. - sounds like coughs, snorts, moos, grunts, snores, bleats and whistles * move feet. * only eat leaves up to a certain height, then stop. * possess bodies - fur - urine * prefer leaves from acacia trees - savannas with trees * press their necks together when they are attracted to each other. * produce a very thick saliva, or spit, which protects the mouth from their thorny diet * provide the stage on which oxpeckers act out their lives. - up among the branches for the tender leaves * reduce the dead air space in their windpipes through tracheal stenosis. * rest standing up and always remain alert. * roam the savannas of Africa in loose, open herds of females and youngsters. * ruminate day or night, with periods of sleep in between. * seem to thrive in areas where it is very hot. * show aspects. * sleep less than two hours a day - more than most animals * stand taller. * swing heads. * take short naps so that they can stay on the lookout for hungry lions. * to drink water. * use their extremely long legs, necks and tongues to browse on the leaves and buds. * use their long necks to forage for leaves high up in trees out of reach of other animals - reach for leaves high in trees - spar gently, necko a necko - tongues to grab the vegetation they eat - long, thick tongues in many different ways - rubbery lips and very long tongue to pluck leaves * usually inhabit savannas , grasslands , and open woodlands. * usually sleep standing up but do lie down occasionally * wear two to six short and blunt horns on their heads. + Giraffe, Appearance: Even-toed ungulates * Giraffes have a very long neck and legs. Their fur has a light yellowish or brownish colour with dark patches. Both male and female giraffes have small horn-like stumps on their head, which are covered with skin. They have a long black tongue, which can be up to 45 cm long * Giraffes are found in parts of Africa. They live on the savannah, which is the African grassland, or in light woodland. They do not live in thick forests where it is difficult to see predators, such as lions, approaching * Giraffes live alone or in loose groups. Young male giraffes form small groups until they become mature. Adult males live alone. When the female is close to giving birth, it leaves the group for a time to give birth to its offspring, and comes back 2-3 weeks after her baby is born - More Facts * Giraffes are the tallest animals on Earth. They have long legs and long necks. There are 7 bones in their necks, the same as ours, but much bigger. Males can grow to nearly five and a half metres tall, and females to nearly five metres tall. * Giraffes have horns called ossicones. These are fur-covered bumps on their skulls, unlike the horns of other animals. Giraffe skin is blotched in patterns of browns and yellows. No two giraffes have the same pattern. The different sub-species have different coat patterns	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| giraffe: Male giraffe * compete for females by fighting with their necks. * show off by standing next to one another and ramming their necks together. * tend to live in bachelor herds, with older males often leading solitary lives. * use their horns to playfully fight with one another. * weigh more than female giraffes. Masai giraffe * are from Kenya and have patterns that look like oak leaves. * have irregular starshaped markings with colors from black to pale orange. * originate from Kenya and Tanzania.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| giraffe: Okapi * eat grass - leaves - mature leaves * feed upon leaves. * has-part skin. * have babies - brown fur - ears - glands - heads - legs - long necks - prehensile tongues - reddish fur - senses - velvety fur * includes brains - breasts - cannon bones - cell membranes - cells - chest cavities - chests - corpi - cytoplasm - faces - hip sockets - hoofs - nuclei - piluses - plasma membranes - rib cages - second stomachs - sections - skulls - sterna - vacuoles * inhabit regions. * live for years - in Africa * prefer dense rainforests - tropical rainforests * prefers dense and damp vegetation, so it inhabits rainforests. * to digest food. * use different methods<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| giraffe: Rhodesian giraffe * have star or leafy shaped spots that extend to their leg. + Thornicroft's giraffe: Mammals of Africa * Thornicroft giraffes do not have any captive populations. Fewer than 1,500 remain in the wild. Rhodesian giraffes have star or leafy shaped spots that extend to their leg. These girrafes are restricted to eastern Zambia and the Luangwa Valley. The Luangwa national parks were declared game reserves because conservationist wanted to conserve the Thorncroft Giraffe,uniqui to the Luangwa valley of Zambia,Like all giraffes, Rhodesian giraffes share the same ancestors with deer and bovids. Young giraffe * Most young giraffes eat leaves. * have more predators due to their smaller size.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate: Goat * All goats are ruminants with a four compartment stomach - susceptible to cold, particularly in wet windy conditions - grow cashmere, except the Angora goat, which grows mohair * Many goats possess a beard. * Most goats are descended from goats - wild goats - horned, and horns vary from large and twisted to small and simple * Most goats are located on farms - seasonal breeders, and their season is initiated by decreasing daylight - carry genes * Most goats chew grass - plants * Most goats consume food - cross meadows - descend from goats * Most goats destroy environments * Most goats develop front legs - lungs - drink water * Most goats eat anything - fruit - hay - juniper - lawns - meals - trash - weeds - feed corn * Most goats feed in fields - on clover - follow mothers - give birth to goats * Most goats graze in environments - groups - mountains - valleys - native pasture - grow legs * Most goats has-part bones - eyes - noses - throats * Most goats have beards - coats - lips - multiple births- more than one is the rule - nutrient requirements - sensitive lips - short legs - thick coats * Most goats inhabit habitats - slopes * Most goats live in areas - barns - same areas - terrains * Most goats live on ground - hillsides * Most goats make homes - manure - milk - move legs - occur at elevation * Most goats occur in habitats - high altitude habitats - only have teeth * Most goats possess genes * Most goats prefer environments - produce milk - provide fur - reach ages * Most goats require energy - feet - mates - minerals - vitamins - seek herbages - serve as animals * Most goats survive in areas - weather * Most goats thrive in environments * Most goats use forest habitats - weigh pounds * Some goats affect cattle - also have several different colors in their body * Some goats are carriers and never show clinical signs of the illness - classified as feeders - easier to milk than others * Some goats are located in villages - on roads - tall and skinny, and some goats are short and round - browse fodder trees * Some goats carry bacteria - diseases - parasites - viruses - worms - compete with tortoises * Some goats control growth - height growth - cross ravines - descend from markhors * Some goats destroy habitats * Some goats develop antibodies - bloody diarrhea - die in fields * Some goats eat corn - herbs - iguanas - kudzu - land iguanas - roses - seedlings - thatchs - wheat - exhibit lungs * Some goats feed in mountains - legumes - tropical legumes * Some goats graze in districts - vegetation - perennial grass * Some goats have coughs - dispersal tendencies - expectancy - fevers - infectious diseases - life expectancy - nuclei - ranges - specific weight ranges - warts * Some goats live in ground - steppes * Some goats live on cliffs - steep cliffs * Some goats lose body weight * Some goats make prey - proteins * Some goats occupy different habitats - many different habitats * Some goats occur in meadows - patches - play in fields * Some goats possess antibodies - babies - families - sex - wool - prefer leaves - provide blood - require habitats * Some goats seek environments - serve as food - swim across rivers - threaten habitats * Some goats thrive in ecosystems * Some goats use fire - snow - straw * also consume less water and more feed under harsh conditions. * also have a well developed ability to discriminate sweets - beards and males give off a strong odor in the mating season - help control weedy vegetation - produce milk that can be made into cheese, yogurt, soap and baby formula - protect native flora and fauna by munching exotic weeds - seem prone to getting their horns caught in fences * appear to be much more resistant to copper toxicity than sheep. * are a low environmental impact livestock - problem on many Caribbean islands, where they eat native plants - very active animal and they like to travel and go through fences - able to produce milk in much greater quantities than cows - active, inquisitive animals * are also herd animals - related to sheep - susceptible to a variety of skin problems - an important aspect of people's livelihood - browsers in comparison to sheep, which are predominantly grazers - close herd animals, and internal parasites are a problem in most Southern herds - common in the hills of Israel - dry climate, sparse vegetation animals - easier to artificially breed than sheep, due to a less complicated cervix * are easy and inexpensive to rear because they eat weeds and leaves around the village - to raise in hot and cold weather - famous for eating plants down to the roots, leaving nothing but dust in their wake - foragers and browsers - four legged animals - generalist herbivores that select the highest quality food available - generalists and live on a wide variety of vegetation - great pets * are hardy and generally healthy animals - cliff dwellers, preferring an arid climate - herbivores that are curious about unique odors or new foods - herbivores, which means they eat only vegetation * are herd animals and are very uncomfortable with being alone - really like company and they are quiet when they are happy - animals, so depend on the companionship of other goats - important as a source of income and non-chemical brush control - in the same category with deer and zebra - intelligent, inquisitive animals and tend to 'test' a fence more than sheep * are just as susceptible to predators as other livestock - like humans when it comes to freezing water - known to stand on their hind legs to reach leaves and brush - less expensive to purchase and to keep * are located in barns - on grass - male animals - mammals - mentioned many times in the Bible - more like dogs than dairy animals * are more likely than cattle to vocalize in response to pain - to seek shelter in wet weather than sheep - scattered than sheep and tend to inhabit more broken terrain * are more susceptible than sheep, and pigs are more susceptible than cattle and horses - to internal parasites than other types of livestock - naturally gregarious, and do well when there are two or more - notoriously difficult to contain with a fence and many escape from farms to become feral * are one of the most challenging livestock to contain with fencing - oldest domesticated species - pack animals - part of tribes - practical animals - reputed to be willing to eat almost anything - ruminants just like dairy cows * are ruminants, and like cattle, they have four stomach compartments - ruminants are pot-bellied animals - so hay is essential to their diets - seasonal breeders, just like sheep - selective eaters - sensitive to inclement weather - sensitive, intelligent animals - similar to sheep in most welfare and health matters * are small for ungulates - non-predatory mammals - stout-bodied mammals with horns and cloven hooves - susceptible to parasites, both internal and external - symbolic of sexuality and sexual desires * are the common and mostly raised domestic or farm animals - escape artists of the domesticated animal world * are the oldest do- mesticated ruminants - domesticated animal in the world, except for dogs - tools of the wolf, which willingly and eagerly do wolf wickedness - traditional symbols of lust - ubiquitous - unable to eat flowers, lest they explode - unaffected by the plant, and they're big eaters - unique in their personality * are usually more susceptible than sheep - quite docile and their usual gait, even when alarmed, deliberate pace - vegetarian - very selective feeders and choose some parts of a plant and leave the rest * are very susceptible to mold toxins - tetanus * are voracious consumers of poison oak and ivy - eaters and efficient brush clearers * attempt to push under or walk through fences. * browse on the tips of shrubs and weeds, much like deer. * can and often do overgraze - be quite affectionate and often make great pets - die suddenly of acute liver fluke disease in the late summer * can eat a wide variety of foods - different things like rye, clover, fescue, and orchardgrass - graze on pastures on hill slopes, which have a limited potential for crop production * can live and thrive and produce goat meat on almost anything - on almost nothing because they forage for food - overeat and die * can produce five to six litres of milk per day - stand cold temperatures if they are able to get away from drafts and wind * can supply milk, meat, hides for clothing and be a work or pack animal if needed - the demand for milk for lactose intolerant individuals * can survive and thrive just about anywhere - in difficult conditions - travel over a wide variety of terrain and can be trained to cross streams * chew cuds * come in many colors and combinations of colors, but solid colored goats are much preferred. * commonly have subclinical infections but can transmit the disease to other species. * consume amounts - less forage than beef cattle - shrubby vegetation, in addition to forage plants * continue to be prized for their milk and the resulting fermented dairy products. * deposit fat internally before they do externally. * desire food. - their food by fermentation in the rumen that is populated with millions of bacteria * do well in cold weather as long as they are healthy, dry, and draft free. * eat a wide variety of plants and are especially fond of briars and brush - grass and hay - grass, herbs, tree leaves and other plant material - hay, grass, leaves of trees, branches, even kudzu - ivy, Mares eat oats - tree seedlings - weeds, brush and thorny shrubs that cattle avoid * enjoy feeding in pastures, especially where there are different types of grasses and weeds. * exhibit reaction. * feed on clover - grasses, forbs, and browse * fit into the environmental balance of nature. * forage sites. * frequently show signsof oestrus during pregnancy. - tops * have a mobile upper lip, effective in nipping off plant parts very selectively - all four sets of permanent teeth usually by four years of age - an erect tail, sheep have hangy-down tails - backs - kids because they like to have sex - many similarities to sheep - more sensitive digestive systems - neither the layer of body fat nor lanolin- laden wool that sheep have - quick short tempers - strong digestive systems so they can digest paper easily - their throats slit in front of others, often with dull blades - very destructive grazing habits, as they can completely strip shrubs of bark and leaves - cell membranes - chests - faces - hoofs - piluses - sections * learn methods - same methods * life in mountains. * like to climb and jump and require higher fences and gates in confinement areas - eat kudzu, and Mississippi is experiencing rapid growth in the goat meat industry - go under or through obstacles - sleep off the ground * love human companionship and are environmentally friendly. * lower heads. * make good pets and show animals for smaller children * metabolize and store copper much differently from sheep - dewormers differently than sheep or cattle * milk more for flavor and because it contains less bacteria than cows milk. * molt during a several week period in the spring - several-week period in spring * naturally have horns with only the occasional goat being polled naturally hornless - live in rugged mountain or desert habitats * need attention - care - supportive care * obtain food. * play a positive role in slowly changing the existing pasture composition. * prefer browse over grass and grass to clover - brush and scrub over pasture - brush, tree leaves, and rough plants * prefer to eat the leaves of brambles, hawthorn, and multiflora rose rather than graze pasture - young trees, bushes and vines, including kudzu - several products, depending upon the breed * producing half a gallon of milk per day can raise two kids without supplemental feeding. * provide an instant protein source for children, most of whom are undernourished * receive diets. * require a wide variety of different types of plant materials - additional hay, which is roughage, for their rumen to function properly * requires far less space and food than cows. * return to bedding grounds after a day of foraging in other habitats. * roam fields - freely in villages and alongside roadways * seem particularly sensitive to exposure to drastic changes in weather. * seem to be more sensitive than other livestock species in terms of abortion in late lactation - susceptible to parasites in grazing situations * select habitats - draft animals and as a source of meat and milk * share environments. * shed coats. * show characteristics. * swallow food - their food without chewing it much * tend to be more prolific than sheep and generally give birth to more twins and triplets - have more internal parasites than dairy cows, especially in confined management - pasture land too poor to support cattle * to drink water. * typically have straight horns and sheep have rounded horns. * used for meat production also benefit pasture and help to control many weeds. * usually have the cattle strain - remain at or above timberline and within reach of rocky outcrops * wipe out entire areas of vegetation that the iguanas depend on for food.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }
### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| goat: Domestic goat * Most domestic goats are descended from goats - wild goats - eat trash * Some domestic goats browse juniper - control height growth - have nuclei - raised all over the world in almost every type of terrestrial biomes + Domestic goat, Life: Caprids :: Domesticated animals :: Meats * Domestic goats are smart and active. They enjoy playing and climbing. They are social animals that live in a herd. Female goat * Most female goats occur at elevation. * are able to be milked - also capable of growing a beard - called does or sometimes doelings if they are less than a year old * have a slightly longer gestation period than ewes. Feral goat * are most common on rocky or hilly country in the semi-arid rangelands. * can carry internal and external parasites, some of which affect sheep and cattle - have either short, medium or long guard hair * compete with sheep and native animals for pasture, and contribute to land degradation. * spread disease to native animals.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| goat: Ibex * are classified with animals - herbivores and rely mainly on grass, flowers, twigs and moss to survive * belong to genus. * eat just grass and some other plants. * have distribution - groom habits - heads - structures - unique structures * includes brains - breasts - cannon bones - cell membranes - cells - chest cavities - chests - corpi - cytoplasm - ears - faces - hip sockets - hoofs - horns - piluses - plasma membranes - rib cages - second stomachs - sections - skulls - sterna - vacuoles * inhabit mountain terrains - mountainsides - rocky mountainsides * inhabit steep mountain terrains * live in parts of Europe, Asia, and Africa and make their homes in various mountain ranges - on mountainsides * occupy regions. * occur in mountains. * sense danger. ### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| goat \| ibex: Alpine ibex * belong to genus. * have heads. Siberian ibex * are large and heavily built goats, although individual sizes vary greatly. * communicate via sounds, smells and body postures. * develops bow-shaped horns that are much larger in males. * feeds early in the morning and late in the evening. - terrains * is yellowish-brown colored. * live in groups composed of young males, females and their offspring - mostly above the tree line , in areas of steep slopes and rocky scree * type of wild goat. Male goat * Most male goats shed coats - weigh pounds * are capable of siring young at the age of six months - very aggressive and can be difficult to manage * have an offensive odor, especially during the mating season.<\|endoftext\|>### animal \| vertebrate \| mammal \| ungulate \| goat: Markhor * Most markhors eat other vegetation - inhabit regions * Most markhors reach maturity - sexual maturity * Some markhors graze on grass. * Some markhors have flare horns - flat horns - twist horns - live in mountains - occupy habitats. * often stand on their back legs to reach the top leaves of trees. Males usually live alone * are agile and nimble creatures that can climb and jump over rocky terrain with ease - most active during the early morning and late afternoon - potential prey for snow leopards, brown bears, lynx, jackals, and golden eagles - the largest of the wild goat species - very aware of their surroundings and are on high alert for predators * being the national animal of Pakistan symbol of pride and nobility. * exist in areas. * graze primarily on grasses and browse on shrub leaves and twigs. * includes brains - cytoplasm - faces - piluses - vacuoles * live in the Himalayan Mountain Range around or above the tree line. * roam terrains. * try to avoid deep snow.	{ "source": "generics_kb" }

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