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{
"accepted_answer_id": "56367",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Ran across a very, let's say \"interesting\" sentence in a translation I'm\nworking on that I'm having trouble wrapping my mind around. Context is\nbasically this: little sister is the most beautiful person in existence (otaku\npandering-wise and lore-wise) and they're currently at a Christmas Eve party\nin their school uniforms.\n\n```\n\n 「お兄様、何か気掛かりなことでも？」\n 制服なのに艶やかにドレスアップしているような華をふりまく妹に、達也は「何でもないよ」と首を振った。\n \n```\n\nI'll preface this by saying I kind of get the gist of it--he's saying his\nsister looks good even in her school uniform, and there's some kind of flower\nimagery to go along with it. Sure, makes sense. What doesn't make sense to me\nis the structure of the sentence and all the other stuff going on.\n\n華を振りまく is, as far as I can surmise, \"strewing flowers.\" The kind of thing a\nflower girl at a wedding might do. The usage of 華 instead of 花 is odd, but\nwhatever, I'll put it down to ~poetry~.\n\nEvidently, however, the rest of the ～ような part of the sentence is /not/\napplying to 華, but rather to 妹. This makes me think that 華を振りまく is an\nexpression with a different meaning I'm not aware of.\n\nBut even if it /is/, I can't put together the rest of this sentence from a\ngrammatical standpoint. If we take 制服なのに艶やかにドレスアップしているような...妹 on its own--\nwell, how do you even translate that using English grammar? How can she only\n/appear/ to be dressed up charmingly/attractively/what have you?\n\nMy working TL for that part of the sentence is this:\n\n```\n\n ...his flower-strewing little sister who, despite being in her school uniform, it was as though she was dressed up charmingly...\n```\n\nObviously this is pretty incoherent. Does anyone have any tips as to how this\nsentence looks and sounds to Japanese eyes and ears? Thanks!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-02T16:09:48.567",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56366",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-02T16:48:35.157",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "263",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"translation",
"expressions"
],
"title": "Help with strange sentence (華をふりまく, ～ような stacking)",
"view_count": 205
}
|
[
{
"body": "「華」 vs. 「花」\n\n「華{はな}をふりまく」 ≠ 「花{はな}をふりまく」\n\nThe sister is **_not_** strewing flowers. That is what the latter phrase means\nwith 「花」.\n\nTry looking up 「華」 in a monolingual dictionary if you are already reading\nJapanese novels (if this is from a novel).\n\nAll it means is that she is a **natural beauty, simply gorgeous and perhaps\nflamboyant as well. She has an attractive aura**. It has absolutely nothing to\ndo with actual \"flowers\". The more common phrase we use to describe such a\nperson is 「華のある人」.\n\nIf a girl has that, she does not need to be dressed up to look attractive. A\nwrinkled plain ol' school uniform would make her shine through.\n\nThis should be enough for you to fix your TL now.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-02T16:48:35.157",
"id": "56367",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-02T16:48:35.157",
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56366
|
56367
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56367
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "56371",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I recently purchased a copy of [One Hundred Leaves: A new annotated\ntranslation of the Hyakunin\nIsshu](https://leer.amazon.com.mx/kp/embed?asin=B0081UN2HY&preview=newtab&linkCode=kpe&ref_=cm_sw_r_kb_dp_B-\nZCAbGAEDDZF) to try and improve my Japanese reading level. In addition to the\nEnglish translation, each poem also includes the original Japanese and a\nrōmaji pronunciation guide.\n\nThe [second\npoem](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empress_Jit%C5%8D#Hyakunin_Isshu_poetry)\nin the collection is by [Empress Jitō\n(持統天皇)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empress_Jit%C5%8D). In the book, the\nJapanese text is given as (emphasis mine):\n\n> 春過ぎて \n> 夏来にけらし \n> 白妙の \n> 衣ほす **てふ** \n> 天の香具山\n\nThe corresponding rōmaji for `てふ` is given as `chou`. I understand that\npronunciation can change over time, e.g. the particles `は`, `へ`, and `を`. But\n`てふ ⟶ ちょう` is a less obvious change.\n\nCan someone please explain why `てふ` is pronounced `ちょう`?\n\n## Related info\n\nI found [this page](http://www.ogurasansou.co.jp/site/hyakunin/002.html) which\nI think is trying to tell me that `てふ` is a contracted form of `といふ`, i.e.\n`と[言]{い}う`. Indeed, the [English version of the poem on\nWikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ogura_Hyakunin_Isshu#Poems)\ntranslates the `てふ` as \"So they say\". But I still don't understand how this\nrelates to the pronunciation being `ちょう`.\n\nI also looked for the answer on the Wikipedia page for [classical Japanese\nlanguage](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_Japanese_language), which\ngives a bunch of examples of differences of pronunciation between modern and\nclassical Japanese, but I don't understand the explanations well enough to\ndetermine if some rule or combination of rules listed on that page can explain\n`てふ ⟶ ちょう` (or was it `ちょう ⟶ てふ`?).\n\nFinally, the [kotobank.jp entry for\n`ちょう〔てふ〕`](https://kotobank.jp/word/%E3%81%A1%E3%82%87%E3%81%86-568032#E3.83.87.E3.82.B8.E3.82.BF.E3.83.AB.E5.A4.A7.E8.BE.9E.E6.B3.89)\nmentions something about an `[音変化]{おんへんか}` and seems to indicate an\nintermediate step in the pronunciation change, i.e. `ちょう→ちゅう→とう`? Or maybe I\nam misunderstanding what the `→ちゅう→とう` on that page is trying to tell me.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-02T17:16:55.070",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56368",
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"last_edit_date": "2018-02-02T21:52:46.723",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "26019",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"pronunciation",
"classical-japanese",
"poetry"
],
"title": "Why is 「てふ」 pronounced 「ちょう」?",
"view_count": 521
}
|
[
{
"body": "The best answer that I could find was [this\nanswer](https://detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp/qa/question_detail/q12152433092)\non Yahoo.jp 知恵袋, which goes:\n\n「てふ」→(ハ行転呼)→「てう」\n\n「てう」→(拗長音化)→「チョー(表記は「ちょう」)」\n\n> 頭語以外の「はひふへほ」を原則「わいうえお」にする というのは「ハ行転呼」ですが、 これが起こった上で、さらに発音が変化して\n> 「チョー(ちょう)」になっています。\n\n「けふ(今日)」→「きょう」、\n\n「きふ(急)」→「きゅう」、\n\nなども、同じことが起きています。\n\n* * *\n\n[ハ行転呼](https://kotobank.jp/word/%E3%83%8F%E8%A1%8C%E8%BB%A2%E5%91%BC%E9%9F%B3-357187)\n\n[拗長音](https://kotobank.jp/word/%E6%8B%97%E9%95%B7%E9%9F%B3-653233)",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-02T18:59:35.373",
"id": "56371",
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"score": 3
}
] |
56368
|
56371
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56371
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"body": "every one. I am trying to translate japanese text. But there's something male\nme confuse and curious. The nasu in this sentence, woul you like to explain\nit.\n\n海の岸辺に緑 [なす] 樫の木\n\nIt's really make me curious and confuse. Is it midorina + su. So what the\nfunction of su there? Or its midorina+nasu. Nasu function?\n\nThank you for your help.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-02T17:18:28.810",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56369",
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"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "27562",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Please, would you like to explain the [なす] in this sentence?",
"view_count": 77
}
|
[] |
56369
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "56375",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "In a newspaper article about i stumbled on this phrase:\n\n> 参院は、まがりなりにも「良識の府」「再考の府」と言われてきた。\n\nThe context is that a bill has been passed from the Lower House of the Diet\n(衆院) to the Upper House of the Diet (参院). Passing the 衆院 is the bigger hurdle,\nso the 参院-matters are deemed less important.\n\nIn an japanese-german online dictionary i found the same translation for 参院\nand 良識の府, meaning Upper House. Since 良識 also means \"good sense\", is 良識の府 the\n\"government of good sense\", so some kind of wordplay?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-02T20:45:02.153",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56372",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-02T22:48:54.093",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "27557",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"nuances"
],
"title": "Is 良識の府 a wordplay for 参院?",
"view_count": 101
}
|
[
{
"body": "According to [Wikipedia's page on\n参議院](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%82%E8%AD%B0%E9%99%A2):\n\n> 良い緊張感を保ちながら誠実な議論の積み重ねが行われる「良識の府」となることは参議院の一つの理想であるといえる\n>\n> It is one ideal of the House of Councilors to become a \"good sense of\n> government\" where accumulation of sincere debate is held while maintaining a\n> good tension\n\nI don't know that I would categorize it as 'wordplay'. Just another name for\nthat holds a more idealistic meaning. Same as 再考の府 is used to demonstrate\ntheir function（法案の再度審議）.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-02T22:08:01.320",
"id": "56374",
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"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
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"parent_id": "56372",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "「良識の府」(and 「再考の府」) would be an\n[epithet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epithet) for the House of Councillors\n(参議院), the upper house of the Japanese Diet. (I think \"the Seat of Good Sense\"\nmay be a better translation.) There doesn't seem to be any wordplay involved\nin it.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-02T22:48:54.093",
"id": "56375",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-02T22:48:54.093",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "11575",
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"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
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56372
|
56375
|
56375
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"body": "Good day, I just want to ask in-general if these words have a different level\nof meaning or are they interchangeable when attched to a family name\n家、氏、藩、閥、族、一族、一門、家門、閥族 。 I'm somewhat aware that a 藩 is a domain and 家 is\nliterally a family for example the 伊達家 used to own the 伊達藩。 But I would like\nto know the exact difference of the other words for example the difference\nbetween 伊達氏 and 伊達一族 and all the other words above. Because for me a 氏 is\nliterally the clan itself while an 一族 is something larger like the 田村家 is a\npart of the much larger 伊達一族。\n\nThank you all in advance for the reply, and may you all have a good day.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-02T21:23:41.600",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56373",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-05T08:39:55.877",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "27567",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 6,
"tags": [
"word-usage"
],
"title": "Family Household Clan",
"view_count": 987
}
|
[
{
"body": "～ **家【け】** neutrally refers to both an individual household and the whole clan\nspanning several hundred years or more. For example 徳川家 refers to the whole\n[Tokugawa clan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokugawa_clan).\n\n～ **一族【いちぞく】** refers to a group of people/households who are related by\nblood. This mainly refers to those living in the same period, and they often\ndo similar things like running a government, managing a circus, making\nviolins, etc.\n\n～ **氏【うじ】** referred to an old form of Japanese clans. See: [Uji\n(clan)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uji_\\(clan\\)). Basically this is an\nuncommon historical term. As you may already know, today 氏 is usually read し\nand is used as a suffix for a person with that family name (\"Mr./Ms. ～\"). In\nacademic contexts you can say 徳川氏 (とくがわし or とくがわうじ) to refer to Tokugawa clan,\nbut this may be a little confusing to laypeople.\n\n* * *\n\n～ **族【ぞく】** is \"～ tribe\". It refers to a social/ethnic group which is much\nlarger than a family.\n\n～ **藩【はん】** is a suffix for old Japanese municipalities, not people nor\nfamilies. See [Han system](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Han_system).\n\n～ **閥【ばつ】** is a dated word for a familial corporation conglomerate. See:\n[Zaibatsu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zaibatsu).\n\n～ **一門【いちもん】** , in modern Japanese, usually refers to a group of _rakugo_\nperformers, _sumo_ wrestlers, etc. Members do not have to be related by blood.\n\n家門 and 閥族 are very rare and I believe you can forget them.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-05T07:32:36.827",
"id": "56417",
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56417
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "56377",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "How should one address readers or viewers in a published work?\n\nFor example, it is common in English language articles and videos these days\nto end by asking the viewer to share their opinion in a reply or comment.\n\nEx. \"What do you think - do you agree?\" \"Does this ever happened to you, and\nif so, how do you handle it?\" \"Tell us your pick for the next Batman villain\"\netc...\n\nThese all have a real emphasis on the \"you\" part though, and the concept of\n\"you\" is something I'm struggling to deal with in Japanese. I've been told to\navoid pronouns like あなた, but in a situation where you're speaking or writing\nto an unknown number of anonymous someones across a divide of time and space,\nis there an alternative?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-03T00:45:23.717",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56376",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-03T09:33:25.880",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "7094",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"pronouns"
],
"title": "How to address readers/viewers in an article or video?",
"view_count": 189
}
|
[
{
"body": "You can use 読者のみなさん(or 皆様) for readers, 視聴者のみなさん(or 皆様) for viewers and\nフォロワーのみなさん(or 皆様) for your followers in your SNS like Twitter.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-03T06:51:53.767",
"id": "56377",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-03T09:33:25.880",
"last_edit_date": "2018-02-03T09:33:25.880",
"last_editor_user_id": "7320",
"owner_user_id": "7320",
"parent_id": "56376",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
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56376
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56377
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56377
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"body": "> でもわたしに何が **できるの** ―― ああ、ほんとうに１ドル８７セントで何が **できるっていうの** ？\n\nI want to know the grammatical function of \"っていう\" in the second sentence and\nhow it works. It seems to me that both of the sentences essentially mean\n\"何ができるの\".\n\nThe quotation is from [賢者の贈り物 (結城浩訳)](http://www.hyuki.com/trans/magi.html)",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-03T12:34:34.050",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56378",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-03T12:34:34.050",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "22712",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "The grammar of \"っていうの\"",
"view_count": 829
}
|
[] |
56378
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
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"body": "Context: Weird things have been happening, people dead coming back to life for\nshort time. Character A has mentioned that to B, and B explains they heard\nabout it from books and that it might involve necromancy. Character A replies:\n\n> わたしも、ちょっとそこまでは――\n\nNow, I have found references that ちょっとそこまで can mean asking to step away/out\nfor a while, excusing oneself to go to bathroom and such. But here I don't\nthink this is a case. I'm FAR from certain, but I feel A is replying saying\nthat that idea (necromancy thing) is a bit too much or something? Am I close\norrr...\n\nThen again if she dissagrees, why use も with わたし?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-03T13:56:18.160",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56379",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-03T14:41:47.523",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "26839",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "Translating ちょっとそこまでは",
"view_count": 108
}
|
[
{
"body": "Judging from your explanation of the context,\n\n> 「わたしも、ちょっとそこまでは・・」\n\nwould mean:\n\n> 「わたしも、ちょっとそこまでは（ **わかりません** , **わかりかねます** , etc.）。」\n>\n> = \"I couldn't really be sure about that.\" (that = necromancy)\n\n↓\n\n> = \"The matter is beyond my comprehension.\"\n\nNegative words and phrases are often left unsaid in informal Japanese and the\nword 「ちょっと」 enables us to safely omit them without worrying about the listener\nnot understanding the speaker.\n\nSo, why use 「も」? This 「も」 is not the clear-cut \"too\" or \"also\". Instead, it is\nused to imply that the speaker thinks that the listener himself (B) would\nprobably be also unsure about the relevance of necromancy here.\n\nFinally, there would be no chance that this 「ちょっとそこまで **は** 」 has anything to\ndo with the common phrase uttered when stepping out for a while. Why not?\nBecause it ends with the particle 「は」, which alone suggests something was left\nunsaid. You never use 「は」 at the end of the phrase for stepping out for a\nminute.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-03T14:41:47.523",
"id": "56380",
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"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
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"score": 3
}
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56379
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56380
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "56382",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Below is a sentence from a light novel. (The context of the sentence is that a\nguy is traveling on a bus and the sentence is from his inner monologue about\nthe congestion inside the bus.)\n\n>\n> 「そして気が付くと、仕事に追われフラストレーションを溜めたサラリーマンが、ついうっかり痴漢しちゃおっかな？と間違いを覚えてしまいそうなほどに車内は混雑している。」\n\nI couldn't understand the part 「…間違いを覚えてしまいそう…」, so I asked a friend from\nJapan. She did some explanation, but I couldn't understand it very well since\nshe did it in Japanese as well. But she said that she hadn't heard it before.\n\nI also asked this in another Q&A platform, and someone from Japan said to me\n\"I have never heard such Japanese. You shouldn't imitate the language that\nstupid Japanese people use.\" And another Japanese person said that it may just\nbe a typo or mistake of author.\n\nIs this an incorrect sentence? If it is correct, what is the translation of\nit? And what does 「…間違いを覚えてしまいそう…」 mean in this context?\n\nThank you.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-03T16:26:07.487",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56381",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-03T17:36:19.310",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "27431",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "What does 「…間違いを覚えてしまいそう…」 mean in this sentence?",
"view_count": 392
}
|
[
{
"body": "「間違{まちが}いを覚{おぼ}えてしまいそう」 would have to be called a mistake by any standards. It\nsimply makes little to no sense in the context (or pretty much even without\nany context because it simply is not a good collocation).\n\nThe phrase that should have been used instead would be:\n\n> 「Adjective + 感覚{かんかく}/感情{かんじょう}を覚える」\n\nwhich means:\n\n> \"to experience a (adjective) feeling\"\n\nNote that 「覚える」 does **_not_** mean \"to learn\" here.\n\nThat adjective would be one with a negative meaning like 「邪{よこしま}な」\n(\"vicious\").\n\nThus, we have:\n\n> 「～～と邪な感情を覚えてしまいそうなほどに～～」\n\nwhich should satisfy the vast majority of us native speakers.\n\n> \"And before you know it, the train is so jammed as to make a frustrated and\n> overworked 'salary man' to experience a vicious feeling that perhaps he\n> could, by mistake or something, grope a woman.\"",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-03T17:36:19.310",
"id": "56382",
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"score": 4
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56381
|
56382
|
56382
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "So, I'm well aware that Japanese follows an SOV sentence structure. However, I\nsee -very often- the topic appearing at the end of an utterance, rather than\nat the beginning. For example:\n\n> きれいですね、この花は。 This flower is beautiful, isn't it?\n\nI was wondering, why does この花は come at the end here? Is it purely a stylistic\nchoice or is there a grammatical reason for it?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-03T20:57:40.670",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56385",
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"last_edit_date": "2018-02-04T01:40:07.207",
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"owner_user_id": "27473",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"word-order"
],
"title": "Topic at the end of an utterance",
"view_count": 287
}
|
[
{
"body": "Your translation of きれいですね、このはなは could easily have been 'Beautiful flower,\nisn't it?'\n\nAs Japanese sentence structure is fairly malleable so long as the main\nelements are kept together (mainly that words have their respective particles\ndirectly following them to denote their grammatical function), phrases can be\nmanipulated relatively freely, without necessarily changing the meaning.\n\nThe order is a stylistic choice.\n\nI am your friend. / Your friend, I am. / A friend is what I am to you.:\n\n> （私｛わたし｝は） （君｛きみ｝の） （友達｛ともだち｝) (です）。\n>\n> （君の） （友達 です）、 （私は）。\n>\n> （友達） （です）、 （私は） （君の）。\n\nThe flower that Taro gave to Maria is red, fragrant, and beautiful. / The\nflower that Maria is given by Taro is beautiful, red, and fragrant. /\nFragrant, red, and beautiful are the flowers Taro gives to Maria.\n\n> 太郎｛たろう｝さんが / マリアさんに / あげた / 花｛はな｝は / 赤｛あか｝くて / 芳｛かんば｝しくて / きれい / です。\n>\n> マリアさんに / 太郎さんが / あげた / 花は / きれいで / 赤くて / 芳しい / です。\n>\n> 芳しくて / 赤くて / きれい / です、 / 太郎さんが / マリアさんに / あげた / 花は。\n\nIn English as well (but not to the same degree), grammar ‘rules’ are not so\nmuch written in stone as they are guidelines for common usage and in some\ncases can be manipulated, with occasional minor tweaks.\n\n```\n\n (The whole group) (listened). \n \n (Listened), (the whole group) did.\n --------------------------\n (Succinct), (am I not)?\n \n (Am I not) (succinct?)?\n \n```\n\nSuffice it to say, this is mainly applicable to colloquialisms and care should\nbe taken to avoid too much liberal sentence reorganization in\nformal/educational settings.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-03T22:47:25.103",
"id": "56389",
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"score": 3
},
{
"body": "In conversation you hear this often when people want to clarify the topic.\n\nOnce a topic is mentioned it is often omitted (high context language).\n\nFor example maybe the speaker thought everyone was still thinking/talking\nabout the flower but then realized after he/she said \"きれいですね\" that they should\nclarify.\n\nOr maybe they just said it without thinking. Then realizing people were\nlooking their way said ”... このはなは”",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-03T22:53:38.933",
"id": "56390",
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"score": 2
}
] |
56385
| null |
56389
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "56394",
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "Someone who can't eat piping hot food can be referred to as a 猫舌{ねこじた}. Is\nthere an analogous word/idiomatic expression for someone who can't eat very\nspicy food?\n\nThe closest related word I could think of is 甘口{あまくち}, but I think I've only\nheard it used to refer to the spice-level of a food, rather than the tolerance\nof a person. (From [this dictionary\nentry](https://kotobank.jp/word/%E7%94%98%E5%8F%A3-426947) my understanding is\nwhen 甘口 is used to refer to a person, it means someone who likes sweet food.)\nIs this correct?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-03T21:57:31.890",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56386",
"last_activity_date": "2021-11-12T16:21:58.727",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9199",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 12,
"tags": [
"word-requests"
],
"title": "A word like 猫舌{ねこじた} for spice?",
"view_count": 1391
}
|
[
{
"body": "甘口 as used to refer to a person would be someone with a sweet tooth. It does\nnot mean that the person cannot eat spicy food.\n\nAfter some internet perusal for confirmation, it seems that there is a\nconsensus (among the common folk) that 猫舌 can be used for both connotations;\nfor someone who can't eat spicy food as well as for someone who can't eat\nhigh-temp food.\n\nI believe that, without context, 猫舌 normally would be understood to refer to\ntemperature rather than spice level, as high-temperature intolerance is its\nstandard definition. In ambiguous circumstances it might be better just to say\n辛いもの苦手/熱いもの苦手.",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-03T23:17:28.167",
"id": "56391",
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"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "I honestly doubt that we have a perfect counterpart of 「猫舌」 for spicy food.\n\nIndirectly as it may sound, however, you could use 「お子様舌{こさまじた}」 or 「甘党{あまとう}」\nfor a decent replacement, given the appropriate contexts.\n\n「甘党」means a \"sweet-toothed person\" and it does not directly say anything about\nhow well s/he can handle spicy food. In the context of liking or disliking\nspicy food, however, it would be a fairly valid and common word choice.\n\nIf you said 「ボクは甘党なんで、激辛{げきから}ラーメンはちょっと・・・」, every single native speaker would\nunderstand that you could not handle very spicy food -- no exceptions.\n\nNote this word is 「甘党」 and not 「甘口」. The latter is mostly used to describe how\nsweet a food or drink item tastes rather than what the person himself likes to\neat/drink.\n\n「お子様舌」 (literally, \"kids' taste buds\") can be fairly vague as well because it\noften simply means you like to eat what kids like to eat without directly\nreferring to the spiciness of the food. Used in the right context/situation,\nhowever, it can easily mean that you cannot eat spicy food. If an adult said\n「アタシ、お子様舌なんで、ワサビはちょっと・・」, it would be understood without fail.\n\n(When I said 「～～はちょっと・・」 above, I actually meant to end the sentences with the\nword 「ちょっと」. That is how we informally speak with the main part of the\npredicate left unuttered.)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-04T02:20:58.940",
"id": "56394",
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"score": 12
},
{
"body": "I'm sorry to say but there is no word like 猫舌{ねこじた} for spice in Japanese\nlanguage. \nI think words are born and exist to distinguish special ones from ordinary. In\nconclusion, the person with 猫舌 is special, but the person who is sensitive to\nspicy food is not special in Japan.\n\nWe call a person to be 猫舌 who cannot eat or drink somewhat high temperature\nthings that many/ordinary Japanese can eat or drink. On the other hand,\nobserving the sensitivity to spicyness, many Japanese people cannot eat very\nspicy food. Therefore, for majority Japanese, we don't have interest in those\nwho are sensitive to spicy food, so I think that the word itself does not\nexist. \nWhen we want to express that I cannot eat spicy food we say\n\"私は辛｛から｝いのは苦手{にがて}です or 辛いのは嫌｛きら｝いです\", but \"甘口です\", \"甘党です\" or \"お子様舌です\" can not\nbe substituted.\n\nAs for 甘口 and 甘党, 甘口 refers to the taste of food or drink including 酒｛さけ｝ and\n甘党 refers to a person.\n\n# EDIT\n\nThere is a topic on food temperature and spicy food, so I'll write what I\nunderstand about them. Examining the English dictionary, \"hot\" has at least\nthe following two meanings: they are \"having a certain degree of heat esp. a\nhigh degree\" and \"causing a burning taste in the mouth\". These two adjectives\ncorrespond to \"熱｛あつ｝い/暑｛あつ｝い\" and \"辛｛から｝い\" in Japanese. The pronunciation is\nthe same as \"あつい\", but \"熱い\" means that things containing food are hot, on the\nother hand, \"暑い\" means hot weather. \nIt would be a matter of course for people who understand sensibly the two\nmeanings of \"hot\", so I think they don't have much doubt about what is written\nin one of the comments as \"辛{から}い物｛もの｝が苦手｛にがて｝な人は、熱｛あつ｝い物も苦手ですか？ _Cannot the\npeople who cannot eat spicy food eat hot food?_ \"\n\nActually this comment is talking about very interesting things that Japanese\npeople don't know so much. \nThe reason is that many Japanese who are not familiar with English understand\nthese two adjectives or feelings as completely different things. Also, many\nJapanese don't know that these two adjectives are the same word with \"hot\" in\nEnglish. Even Japanese who know that the two Japanese adjectives are the same\nword in English as knowledge should not understand sensuously as the same\nthing. They know they would sweat as soon as they eat very spicy \"カレーライス\n_curry and rice_ \" or \"ラーメン _ramen_ \", but they would not think that the cause\nof these two adjectives is the result of stimulating the same sense organ is.\nActually it may be scientifically true, but I think many Japanese people,\nincluding me, will find it interesting to know the above comment.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-04T13:59:56.347",
"id": "56399",
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}
] |
56386
|
56394
|
56394
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "56393",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "As I've treated it, the しな at the end of the sentence is just し(\"not only, but\nalso\")+な(=ね). But Jisho.org says it could also mean \"having just started...\".\n\nIs this true? Is there an example of this usage?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-03T23:51:09.573",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56392",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-04T09:41:15.657",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "25123",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particles",
"particle-な",
"particle-し"
],
"title": "Usage of しな particle",
"view_count": 810
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 「Verb in 連用形{れんようけい} (\"continuative form\") + **しな** 」\n\nmeans:\n\n> \"just when (verb)ing\", \"on the occasion of\", etc.\n\n「しな」 is a suffix in this usage.\n\nExamples:\n\n「帰{かえ}り **しな** に雨{あめ}が降{ふ}ってきた。」 = Just when I was leaving, it started\nraining.\n\n「寝{ね} **しな** にジャズを聴{き}くのが好{す}きだ。」 = I like listening to jazz just when I am\ngoing to bed.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-04T01:17:12.407",
"id": "56393",
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"last_edit_date": "2018-02-04T09:41:15.657",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
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"parent_id": "56392",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
56392
|
56393
|
56393
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "56471",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": ">\n> このほど、唯一残されていた、八王子隕石のかけらではないかとされる石について、本物かどうか、最新の科学技術で分析が試みられました。([source](https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/web_tokushu/2018_0202.html?utm_int=news_contents_news-\n> closeup_002))\n\nMy attempt at translation:\n\n> Lately, Concerning a stone treated as whether it is the only remaining\n> fragment of hachioji meteorite, an analysis with latest technology was\n> attempted.\n\nI'm especially skeptical whether I parsed the attributes correctly or not,\nalthough the translation seems correct at least.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-04T10:15:11.893",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56395",
"last_activity_date": "2021-10-11T23:43:59.290",
"last_edit_date": "2021-10-11T23:43:59.290",
"last_editor_user_id": "30454",
"owner_user_id": "20172",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"parsing"
],
"title": "このほど、唯一残されていた、八王子隕石のかけらではないかとされる石について、本物かどうか、最新の科学技術で分析が試みられました",
"view_count": 152
}
|
[
{
"body": "> このほど、 \n> Recently,\n>\n> 〈唯一残されていた、｛（八王子隕石のかけらではないか）とされる石｝〉について、 \n> (concerning/on) an only remaining stone which is considered (by some) as a\n> candidate of a fragment of Hachioji meteorite,\n>\n> **本物かどうか、** （最新の科学技術で）分析が試みられました。 \n> an analysis was carried out using the latest technology to determine\n> whether or not it's a genuine one.\n\nThe analysis was to determine 本物かどうか (whether it's a genuine meteorite\nfragment), not 唯一残されていたかどうか (whether it's the last one). 唯一残されていた simply\nmodifies the following 石.\n\n * XをYとする: regard X as Y; consider X as Y\n * XをYではないかとする: regard X as a candidate of Y; consider X might be Y\n * YではないかとされるX: X which is regarded as a candidate of Y; X which is regarded as Y by some people",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-07T09:05:23.360",
"id": "56471",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-07T09:05:23.360",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "56395",
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"score": 2
}
] |
56395
|
56471
|
56471
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "56397",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "For full context:\n<https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/web_tokushu/2018_0202.html?utm_int=news_contents_news-\ncloseup_002>\n\nThe sentence in question:\n文化１４年、西暦１８１７年の１２月２９日の午後２時ごろ、甲州街道沿いにある宿場町だった今の八王子市とその周辺の日野市や多摩市に、雷のようなごう音とともに隕石の雨が降り注ぎました。\n\nMy attempt at translation: \"(??文化１４年??) around 29.12.1817, 2.p.m, in nowadays\nHachioji City, which existed along Koshu Kaido and was an inntown, and in the\nsurrounding Hinoshi and Tamashi, a thunderous roar like lightning thunder\ntogether with a rain of meteorites rained down incessantly.\"\n\nI think 甲州街道沿いにある宿場町だった今の八王子市 and その周辺の日野市や多摩市 are both local adverbials,\nconnected through と and made local by に. However, especially\n甲州街道沿いにある宿場町だった今の八王子市 seems rather complex and Im not sure wether I resolved\nthe attributes correctly.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-04T12:14:22.627",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56396",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-04T13:40:51.970",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20172",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"relative-clauses"
],
"title": "Is 甲州街道沿い a relative attribute to 今の八王子市",
"view_count": 68
}
|
[
{
"body": "On December 29th in year 14 of the Bunka period (1817), at approximately 2:00\nPM, a sound akin to thunder accompanied by a hail of meteorite fell upon the\ntown of Yadoba-cho (which was located) alongside the Koshu-kaido, (which is)\nmodern-day Hachioji City and the surrounding cities of Hino and Tama.\n\n>\n> [文化１４年](http://www.aozora.gr.jp/guide/koyomi.html)、(西暦１８１７年)の１２月２９日の午後２時ごろ、[December\n> 29, 2:00 pm]\n>\n> 甲州街道沿いにある宿場町だった [In what was Yadobacho, alongside the Koshu-kaido]\n>\n> 今の八王子市とその周辺の日野市や多摩市に、[Modern Hachioji and its surrounding cities]\n>\n> 雷のようなごう音とともに隕石の雨が降り注ぎました。 [Thunder along with rain of meteorites]\n\n_____だった、今の＿＿＿＿ is fairly common sentence structure when describing a region\nwhich has changed names and/or boundaries. So, in that sense 宿場町 and 八王子 are\nrelated.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-04T13:40:51.970",
"id": "56397",
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"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "27280",
"parent_id": "56396",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
56396
|
56397
|
56397
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "56402",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "For full context:\n<https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/web_tokushu/2018_0202.html?utm_int=news_contents_news-\ncloseup_002>\n\nThe sentence in question: 八王子隕石は落下中に爆発したと考えられ、 **距離にして**\n１０キロほどの範囲に、少なくとも１０個以上のかけらが落下したことが、当時の日記や随筆など多くの文献に記されています。\n\nMy attempt at translation: \"Concerning Hachioji meteorite, it is\nassumed/thought that it exploded midair (=in the middle of the fall) and in\ncontemporary literature like diaries and essays it is written down, that in a\nscope of around 10 kilometers, at least not less than 10 fragments fell down.\"\n\nI don't understand what exactly 距離にして does here and especially I dont know how\nit functions. \"Making it into range/distance\" is how I would translate it\nliterally. It isn't much of an obstacle for me in understanding what the\nsentence wants to tell me, but since it adds up with １０キロほどの範囲に it feels\nredundant, since in this phrase it is already indicated that we are talking\nabout a spatial entity.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-04T14:34:59.020",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56400",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-04T18:03:05.287",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20172",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "How exactly does this pattern: 距離にして work?",
"view_count": 142
}
|
[
{
"body": "距離にして is not redundant in this sentence. It is a clarifying how the 10\nkilometers was measured; i.e. 'in a straight line'.\n\nSaying 'within a range/scope of 10 km', it could be argued that the method of\nachieving said measurement is ambiguous. So, for clarity, they added 'as\nmeasured in a straight line'.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-04T18:03:05.287",
"id": "56402",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-04T18:03:05.287",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "27280",
"parent_id": "56400",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
56400
|
56402
|
56402
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "56420",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "For full context:\n<https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/web_tokushu/2018_0202.html?utm_int=news_contents_news-\ncloseup_002>\n\nThe sentence in question: ところが、八王子隕石の存在は、落下場所となった八王子市内でもほとんど知られていません。\n\nMy attempt at translation: \"However, concerning the existence of hachioji\nmeteorite, (the place) in hachioji inner city which became the impact site is\npractically not known.\"\n\nI don't know whether I should interprete でも in sense of でも or で+も (で being\neither the copula or the particle). I settled for the solution visible in my\ntranslation where で is the particle indicating location. But this was\nbasically just because I couldnt come up with a better solution ^^",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-04T18:24:43.443",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56403",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-05T11:18:50.747",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20172",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "How to interprete this でも?",
"view_count": 197
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 落下場所となった八王子市内 **で** + **も**\n>\n> = 落下場所となった八王子市内 **で** + **すら**\n\nIf you swap も for すら and the sentence still makes sense, も does serve as an\nintensifier \"even\".\n\nでも in the sense of \"though / encore que / obwohl / anche se\", on the other\nhand, is usually placed at the beginning of a sentence (followed by a comma)\nto introduce a concessive subordinate clause, as in:\n\n> 僕はこの歌手のファンだ。 **でも** 、ライブを見に行きたいほどではない。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-05T11:18:50.747",
"id": "56420",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-05T11:18:50.747",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "56403",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
56403
|
56420
|
56420
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "56412",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "For full context:\n<https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/web_tokushu/2018_0202.html?utm_int=news_contents_news-\ncloseup_002>\n\nThe sentence in question:\n山田さんによると、八王子は何度か大規模な火災に見舞われ、戦時中は大規模な空襲も受けたことから、古い資料なども **多くは**\n残っていないということで、江戸時代の隕石を探すのは容易ではないと話していました。\n\nMy attempt at translation: \"According to Mr.Yamada, Concerning Hachioji, He\nsaid that because it was struck with large scale fires several times and also\nsuffered air raids during war, there not being left many old documents, the\nsearch for a meteorite from the edo area won't be simple.\"\n\nI really have no idea why this は in 多くは (bold) is at this very position. I\nalso have no idea why it has to exist in this phrase at all, and therefore I\nalso don't know what it does and just translated the sentence as if it wasn't\nthere xD",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-04T19:14:04.310",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56405",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-05T00:05:18.220",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20172",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particle-は"
],
"title": "Why is this は positioned like that here?",
"view_count": 131
}
|
[
{
"body": "多くは is very commonly used to refer to \"most of something\". The typical usage\nis noun+の多くは, and 多く serves as a noun here. That part of sentence translates\nto \"Most of the old documents (and alike) are destroyed, so ...\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-04T19:27:43.667",
"id": "56406",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-04T19:27:43.667",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "27389",
"parent_id": "56405",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "多く here is an adverb and は after it stands for partial negation:\"not many, if\nany\".\n\nEdit: You can interpret 多く as a noun as well. In this case, the sentence\nstructure would be a double subject one.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-04T23:49:58.987",
"id": "56412",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-05T00:05:18.220",
"last_edit_date": "2018-02-05T00:05:18.220",
"last_editor_user_id": "4092",
"owner_user_id": "4092",
"parent_id": "56405",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
56405
|
56412
|
56412
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "For full context:\n<https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/web_tokushu/2018_0202.html?utm_int=news_contents_news-\ncloseup_002>\n\nThe sentence in question:\n当時の記録には、役所から住民に対し「隕石を拾った者は届け出るように」と申しつけられていたことが記されています。\n\nMy attempt at translation: \"Concerning the records from back then, it is\nwritten down that it was instructed by the government office to the citizens\nthat 'The person who picks up the meteorite must(?) report'\".\"\n\nWithout an imperative in this quote, it doesnt make much sense that the\nquotation is called an instruction/order. However, ように as a marker for an\nimperative is something I havent encountered so far.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-04T19:32:24.967",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56407",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-04T19:32:24.967",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20172",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Why is ように used in this imperative (if it is an imperative)?",
"view_count": 42
}
|
[] |
56407
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "56409",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> 盛岡市によりますと、午後７時半現在、 **２世帯５人** が近くの児童センターで一夜を明かす予定だということです。\n\nIs it 2 families that have no link composed of a total of 5 persons or a\nnormal family(3 or 4 members) + the grandparent(s) (1 or 2 member(s)) ?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-04T21:41:19.773",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56408",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-04T22:29:48.607",
"last_edit_date": "2018-02-04T22:13:54.943",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "25980",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"counters"
],
"title": "What does ２世帯５人 mean in this sentence?",
"view_count": 77
}
|
[
{
"body": "From the context of [the\nstory](https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/html/20180203/k10011313991000.html) it can\nbe assumed that they were from two separate households simply located in near\nproximity to the source of the explosion, for a total of 5 people. There is,\nhowever, no specific detail as to the makeup of these families and their\nrelationship to one another (as this is likely not relevant to the story and\nin interest of privacy).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-04T22:29:48.607",
"id": "56409",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-04T22:29:48.607",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "27280",
"parent_id": "56408",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
56408
|
56409
|
56409
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "\"花をくべて 歌をくべて\" I tried to search for the meaning and the only thing I got was\nsomething like \"throw fire in something\" that for me at least doesn't make\nsense",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-04T23:27:01.313",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56411",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-06T03:36:08.397",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "27375",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"words",
"song-lyrics"
],
"title": "What's the meaning of \"くべて\" in this sentence?",
"view_count": 317
}
|
[
{
"body": "You've got it backwards. 焼べる means to add something to a fire to make it burn.\nUsed metaphorically I suppose it could represent adding elements (such as\nflowers and song) to an occasion to make it more 'burn brighter'. It would\nhelp if you had mentioned the name of the song (月と花束）in your post.\n\nBelow is from a [Spanish translation](http://mahou-\nkashi.blogspot.com/2018/02/sayuri-tsuki-to-hanataba.html) of this part of the\nsong:\n\n```\n\n Arrojo flores al fuego\n \n Arrojo canciones al fuego\n \n```\n\n> 花をくべて 歌をくべて\n>\n> 誰より険しく 美しく\n>\n> あの日の傷も 貰った愛も\n>\n> すべてくべて光の方へ\n\nAs it is a song, it is hard to translate it literally. Here is the gist:\n\n> Throw flowers into the fire\n>\n> Throw songs into the fire\n>\n> More harsh and beautiful than anyone\n>\n> The pain of that day and the love that was received\n>\n> Throw it all into the the light",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-05T00:40:39.133",
"id": "56413",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-06T03:36:08.397",
"last_edit_date": "2018-02-06T03:36:08.397",
"last_editor_user_id": "27280",
"owner_user_id": "27280",
"parent_id": "56411",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
56411
| null |
56413
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "What's the difference between these 3 forms of a verb:\n\n```\n\n 1) 勝てるんじゃない \n \n 2) 勝てるね \n \n 3) 勝てるんですね\n \n```\n\n?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-05T04:04:38.943",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56414",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-06T09:21:07.443",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "27591",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"particles",
"verbs",
"formality",
"parts-of-speech",
"casual"
],
"title": "V + n-janai vs -ne vs -n-desu-ne",
"view_count": 309
}
|
[
{
"body": "勝てるんじゃない is \"Ah, you can win, after all\".\n\n勝てるんじゃない？ is \"I guess you can win\".\n\n勝てるね is \"As far as I see, they can win\".\n\n勝てるね？ is \"You can win, right? (Just say \"yes\"!)\".\n\n勝てるんですね is \"Actually, we can win\".\n\n勝てるんですね？ is \"So, according to your words, we can win, right?\".",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-06T09:21:07.443",
"id": "56438",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-06T09:21:07.443",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "4092",
"parent_id": "56414",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
56414
| null |
56438
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "太陽が強く照らすから川の水がもうすぐ **無くなり** そうだ。\n\nCan anyone explain for me why the verb in bold is in -masu stem form and not\nfully conjugated?\n\n(it's a sentence from a graded reader)\n\nconjugation of the verb:\n[https://www.tanoshiijapanese.com/dictionary/entry_details.cfm?entry_id=51120&j=%E7%84%A1%E3%81%8F%E3%81%AA%E3%82%8B](https://www.tanoshiijapanese.com/dictionary/entry_details.cfm?entry_id=51120&j=%E7%84%A1%E3%81%8F%E3%81%AA%E3%82%8B)\n\n**Answer: Found a good explanation of this concept:**\n<http://www.guidetojapanese.org/learn/complete/appearance>",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-05T07:07:39.587",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56416",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-05T17:58:55.743",
"last_edit_date": "2018-02-05T17:58:55.743",
"last_editor_user_id": "27592",
"owner_user_id": "27592",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"verbs"
],
"title": "Why is this verb in -masu stem form?",
"view_count": 70
}
|
[] |
56416
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "56419",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Pretty much every word I've seen so far that contain both kanji and hiragana,\nalways starts with the kanji character(s) first Like 大きい, 見る, 乗り物 and 話す. The\nonly exceptions I've seen so far are お金 and ある日, but one of them isn't even\nused in conversational Japanese. Do like 99% of the words have this same\nformat to them?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-05T09:08:41.217",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56418",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-05T11:47:55.637",
"last_edit_date": "2018-02-05T11:47:55.637",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "27296",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"orthography"
],
"title": "Can Japanese words with kanji and hiragana in them start with hiragana characters? If so how common are they?",
"view_count": 297
}
|
[
{
"body": "This occurs with prefixes that have no kana or are normally written in kana:\n\n * ど真ん中\n * ひん曲がる\n * ぶん回す\n * お握り\n\nAnd in compound words of kana (mainly onomatopoeias) and kanji words:\n\n * きら星\n * つるっ禿げ\n * どんでん返し\n\nWhen the first kanji is difficult enough, it can be safely written in kana:\n\n * ごう音 (轟音)\n * あ然 (唖然)\n * ぶどう糖 (葡萄糖)\n * けん責 (譴責)\n\nSuch words are relatively uncommon, but not rare.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-05T09:53:53.503",
"id": "56419",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-05T10:13:14.057",
"last_edit_date": "2018-02-05T10:13:14.057",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "56418",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 8
}
] |
56418
|
56419
|
56419
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "56423",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "> しかし、彼は屈服しないということで、いつ如何なる時も、抵抗を見せることが出来る…。\n\n\"However, since he wouldn't surrender.... he could show resistance.\" I'm not\nsure what いつ如何なる時も is supposed to mean.",
"comment_count": 7,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-05T12:19:55.937",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56421",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-05T13:46:51.347",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20501",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "Meaning of いつ如何なる時も?",
"view_count": 539
}
|
[
{
"body": "As you know いつも means \"every time\", while 如何なる時 emphasizes いつも, so いつ\n**如何なる時** も means \"every **single** time\".",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-05T12:37:34.543",
"id": "56422",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-05T12:37:34.543",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20624",
"parent_id": "56421",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": -1
},
{
"body": "「いつ[如何]{いか}なる時も」 is a literary way of saying 「いつどんな時も」. \n(いかなる is a literary way of saying どんな). \n「いつ、如何なる時も」 means (literally) \"at any time, at any situation\", and it's an\nemphatic way of saying \"at any time\" \"no matter when\" (≂ 「いつでも」「どんな時も」).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-05T13:13:47.503",
"id": "56423",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-05T13:46:51.347",
"last_edit_date": "2018-02-05T13:46:51.347",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "56421",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
] |
56421
|
56423
|
56423
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "56430",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "> その馬は立ち止まって動こうとしなかった。\n>\n> その馬は立ち止まって動くとしなかった。\n\nWhat's the difference?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-05T17:40:42.790",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56424",
"last_activity_date": "2022-01-01T23:12:21.917",
"last_edit_date": "2022-01-01T23:12:21.917",
"last_editor_user_id": "30454",
"owner_user_id": "27223",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"word-choice"
],
"title": "ようとしなかった and するとしなかった",
"view_count": 2541
}
|
[
{
"body": "The first example is stating a lack of an attempt to action, while the second\nis a simple statement of a lack of action. It is all about describing intent\nvs just describing action/inaction.\n\n> 馬は動こうとしなかった The horse did not attempt to move.\n>\n> 馬は動くとしなかった The horse did not move. The horse did not show any sign of\n> moving.\n\nA helpful answer to a similar post can be found\n[here](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/34137/).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-05T20:23:10.893",
"id": "56425",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-05T20:23:10.893",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "27280",
"parent_id": "56424",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": -1
},
{
"body": "Your first sentence is natural and makes sense. 「 **Volitional** Form +\nとしなかった」 indicates 過去の拒絶/過去の強い否定の意思 (past unwillingness or refusal). A few\nexamples:\n\n> * やめろといったのだが、彼らはどうしてもやめ **ようとしなかった** 。 \n> I told them not to, but they would do it anyway. (from Taishukan's Genius\n> E-J Dictionary)\n> * 彼は一部始終を話そ **うと** は **しなかった** 。 \n> He wouldn't tell the whole story. (from Obunsha's Lexis E-J Dictionary)\n>\n\nSo your first sentence means:\n\n> その馬は立ち止まって動 **こうとしなかった** 。 \n> \"The horse stopped and _wouldn't_ move.\"\n\n* * *\n\nAnd.. your second sentence その馬は立ち止まって動 **くとしなかった** sounds incorrect, I'm\nafraid. 「 **Dictionary** Form + とする」 explained in [this\npost](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/34138/9831) is used in the forms\nsuch as 「そろそろ出かけるとしよう。」「さあ、出かけるとするか。」「そろそろ行くとする｛わ、よ etc.｝。」「さあ、始めるとするか。」 etc.,\nmeaning \"I should get going (now).\" \"Shall we get going (now)?\" \"Let's start\n(now).\" etc, but we don't use it in the negative and/or past tense form\n(×「動くとしなかった」×「出かけるとした」×「出かけるとしない」×「出かけるとしなかった」×「始めるとしなかった」 etc.)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-06T02:04:08.240",
"id": "56430",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-06T02:38:22.273",
"last_edit_date": "2018-02-06T02:38:22.273",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "56424",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 9
}
] |
56424
|
56430
|
56430
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "56427",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I've encountered this example sentence for the word ポテトチップス (so there is no\nfurther context) where it is the case:\n\n> もっとポテトチップスをご自由に召し上がれ。 \n> Help yourself to more potato chips.\n\nAnd then I find another, but there is still no context because it's also an\nexample sentence:\n\n> もう１杯召し上がれ。 \n> Have another cup.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-05T20:47:15.410",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56426",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-06T03:09:10.527",
"last_edit_date": "2018-02-06T03:09:10.527",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "25980",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"keigo"
],
"title": "In which context the sonkeigo is used with the imperative form?",
"view_count": 151
}
|
[
{
"body": "What you are showing is an example of language 'beautification' (美化語｛びかご｝）.\nTaking a word that is normally reserved for honorific language and applying it\nto a peer or even someone of lower status.\n\nIf you have ever said to a friend (in a contrived accent): 'Would you care to\ndine with us tonight?' instead of 'Wanna have dinner with us?' you have used\nit already.\n\nSome might describe it as 'effected', but it is just the borrowing of a word\nor expression normally reserved for honorific speech and applying it to daily\nuse.\n\nA mother will often say tell her child to 「召し上がれ」.\n\nWhat will signify that this is not, in fact, 尊敬語 is the fact that you wouldn't\nuse the harsh 「れ」ending when addressing one's superiors.\n\nAlso telling would be the fact that there is no honorific prefix (お or ご)\napplied. Assume that if there is none, it likely is not 尊敬語.\n\nAs 尊敬語 forms are used quite frequently in regular conversation for effect, it\ncan sometimes be hard to decipher whether it is being used in its original\nintent or to simply make language more florid without reading from the\nsurrounding context.\n\nI would recommend referring to other posts surrounding the use of 美化語. Many\nare listed\n[here](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/search?q=%E7%BE%8E%E5%8C%96%E8%AA%9E).",
"comment_count": 2,
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"creation_date": "2018-02-05T21:46:57.167",
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56426
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56427
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"body": "I'm trying to understand the use of に as a particle to indicate the purpose of\nsomeone moving to another place to do something. For example, lets say that I\nwant to say \"I'm going home to eat dinner.\" Would this be written as:\n\n> 私はひるごはんを食べますにうちへ行きます.\n\nOr, if I wanted to say \"I went to the library to study.\"\n\n> 私はべんきょうしますに としょかんへ行きました\n\nAre these correct? And does the particle に always come after the verb\nindicating what action is taken?\n\nP.S: I checked the other topics relating to this, but none of them really\ncleared up the question I had. So, I'm sorry for posting something similar!",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-06T00:39:26.310",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56428",
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"last_edit_date": "2018-02-06T02:39:49.840",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "27473",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particles"
],
"title": "Usage of に to indicate purpose",
"view_count": 822
}
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[
{
"body": "Your understanding of the meaning of に is basically okay, but you must use the\n**masu-stem** (aka pre-masu form, 連用形) of a verb before に. Instead of 食べますに or\nべんきょうしますに, you have to say 食べに or べんきょうしに.\n\n> * 私はひるごはんを **食べに** うちへ行きます。\n> * 私は **勉強【べんきょう】しに** 図書館【としょかん】へ行きました。\n>\n\nMore generally, ～ます/～です is used near the end of a main clause. See: [Use of\n-です／-ます in the middle of a complex\nsentence](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/28666/5010)",
"comment_count": 1,
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"creation_date": "2018-02-06T03:11:46.213",
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{
"body": "Like naruto says, when we use the masu form, the part of the verb without\nmasu, is the stem.\n\nBesides, it's also correct to say「私はべんきょうにとしょかんへ行きました。」.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2018-02-07T08:59:43.177",
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"body": "I came across the expression in manga which is said by a Kansai-speaking\ncharacter.\n\n> そのいいぐさはないやろ...ぶちのめされ **気をうしないかけて** いる人間によ!\n\nI think the expression might have a similar meaning to the expression 「気を失う」\nwith a slight difference.\n\n 1. Is it the combination of two words of 「失う」 and 「掛ける」? \n 2. Why is 「い」 inserted between them?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-06T01:53:20.290",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56429",
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"last_edit_date": "2018-02-06T02:35:22.007",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9559",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"manga",
"kansai-ben",
"compound-verbs"
],
"title": "Questions about 「気をうしないかける」",
"view_count": 44
}
|
[] |
56429
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "56433",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": ">\n> なぜかと言えば、この宿場の猫背の馭者は、まだその日、誰も手をつけない蒸し立ての饅頭に初手をつけるということが、それほどの潔癖から長い年月の間、独身で暮らさねばならなかったという彼のその日その日の、最高の慰めとなっていたのであったから。\n\nMay I know if my translation is accurate?\n\n> Why is that so? The driver with a hunchback and obsession with cleanliness\n> at the post station has to live alone for a long period of time. Making\n> steamed buns that no one has made before is the best consolation for those\n> days.\n\nMay I also know whether その日 in the first line refers to 長い年月の間 and what それほど\nin the second line refers to?\n\nThank you.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-06T03:24:27.520",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56432",
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"last_edit_date": "2018-02-06T03:38:53.140",
"last_editor_user_id": "27389",
"owner_user_id": "27310",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"translation",
"meaning"
],
"title": "Meaning of 誰も手をつけない蒸し立ての饅頭に初手をつけるということが",
"view_count": 160
}
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[
{
"body": "The basic structure of the sentence is:\n\n> A は B が慰めとなっている。 \n> For A, B serves as a consolation.\n\n * A is この宿場の猫背の馭者\n * B is まだその日、誰も手をつけない蒸し立ての饅頭に初手をつけるということ \n(This その日 modifies 手をつけない; buns no one has made/eaten _that day_ )\n\nAnd 慰め is modified by the following three phrases/clauses.\n\n * それほどの潔癖から長い年月の間、独身で暮らさねばならなかったという彼の \n(長い年月の間 modifies 暮らす. それほどの is an intensifier \" _such_ an obsession with\ncleanness\" or \"obsession _to that degree_ \")\n\n * その日その日の daily; day-to-day\n * 最高の\n\nI understand this sentence is fairly complex and you have to aggressively\nrephrase it to translate it naturally. I think your understanding of the\nsentence is basically okay, but there are two things I'm not certain about:\n\n * I'm not sure what 手をつける here actually means. (食べ物)に手を付ける [usually means \"to start to eat\"](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/148920/meaning/m0u/), but maybe it can mean \"to start to make\" or \"to work on\" depending on the context. Why do people hate 蒸したての饅頭, which is usually delicious? 初手を付ける can also mean either \"to be the first to eat it\" or \"to be the first to make it\".\n * Is \"cleanliness at the post station\" okay? Your translation looks to me as if his workplace and his personal obsession were related. Is that really so?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-06T03:40:00.590",
"id": "56433",
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56433
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "56435",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> 馬車はいつ出るのでござんしょうな\n\nDoes this sentence mean \"When will the horse cart come out?\"\n\nBut what does でござんしょうな mean here? Should this be broken down into three parts\nas で + ござんしょう + な?\n\nI know ございます means have. But ござんしょう becomes let's have?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-06T04:35:09.257",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56434",
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"last_edit_date": "2018-02-06T04:59:58.527",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "27310",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"politeness",
"dialects",
"particle-な"
],
"title": "What does でござんしょうな mean in 馬車はいつ出るのでござんしょうな",
"view_count": 211
}
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[
{
"body": "ござんしょう is ございましょう said with an accent. でございましょう is a politer version of でしょう.\nな is a sentence-end particle (the same な as in ～かな).\n\n> 馬車はいつ出るのでござんしょうな。 \n> ≒ 馬車はいつ出るのでございましょうな。 \n> ≒ 馬車はいつ出るのでしょうな。\n\nIn accented speech, ございます can change to ござんす, ございやす, ごぜえやす, etc.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-06T04:46:08.133",
"id": "56435",
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"last_edit_date": "2018-02-06T04:51:26.517",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "56434",
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"score": 4
}
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|
56435
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56435
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "56437",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> 西瓜を買うと、俺もあいつも好きじゃで両得じゃ。\n\nじゃ means then, well then. But what does じゃ in the above context? Seems the\ndefinition of then, well then can't fit in this sentence.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-06T08:08:32.080",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56436",
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"last_edit_date": "2018-02-06T09:53:29.837",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "27310",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"dialects",
"copula",
"role-language"
],
"title": "Usage of じゃ in 西瓜を買うと、俺もあいつも好きじゃで両得じゃ",
"view_count": 117
}
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[
{
"body": "This じゃ is a dialectal copula (linking verb) which is used instead of だ. This\nじゃ is actively used in some areas of western Japan (especially in Hiroshima),\nbut it's [also known as a typical role word of old\nmen](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/23690/5010). You will also see じゃから\ninstead of だから, じゃが instead of だが, じゃった instead of だった, and so on. じゃあ in\nmodern standard Japanese is totally different.\n\n> 西瓜を買うと、俺もあいつも好きじゃで両得じゃ。 \n> ≒ 西瓜を買うと、俺もあいつも好きだで、両得だ。 \n> If I bought a watermelon, both he and I like it, so it would be win-win.\n\nで after a clause can sometimes denote a cause or a reason.",
"comment_count": 4,
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"creation_date": "2018-02-06T08:46:34.270",
"id": "56437",
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "56441",
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"body": "I often use sentences such as \"the challenges of doing...\", \"the challenges xx\nhave to face\" for my research. I'm trying to translate that into Japanese, but\nI have trouble finding a word for \"challenge\". 課題 and 問題 have been suggested\nto me, but neither seems to fit perfectly. 課題 is probably more appropriate,\nbut the meaning of \"challenge\" doesn't seem to be the main one.\n\nEg.\n\n新規有機農家の課題は何ですか？ What are the challenges for new organic farmers? \n有機農業を始める課題は。。。 The challenges of starting organic farming are...\n\nWould these be okay in my case? Is there any better option?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-06T09:24:10.307",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56439",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-06T12:16:44.347",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "22242",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"word-choice"
],
"title": "How to say \"challenge\" in Japanese?",
"view_count": 849
}
|
[
{
"body": "課題 and 問題 are both fine. However you should avoid the following expressions\nbecause these are ambiguous and tend to mean something else:\n\n * 有機農業を始める課題 task of starting organic farming\n * 新規有機農家の問題 problems with new organic farmers (farmers themselves are troublesome)\n\nMy recommendations:\n\n * 新規有機農家が抱える課題\n * 有機農業を始めるにあたっての課題\n * 有機農業を始めるに際しての問題/課題\n\n挑戦 basically only refers to the action of trying hard to achieve something\ndifficult. I doubt we need this word in this context.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-06T12:16:44.347",
"id": "56441",
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56441
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{
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"body": "I'm trying to translate this\n[blog](https://lineblog.me/nagatatakato/archives/954526.html).\n\nThe blogger said his today's content will be **しょーもない**.\n\nBased on [goo](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/leaf/dialect/2109/m0u/), it seems\nto be an Osaka dialect meaning silly, stupid or lame.\n\n> 今日の内容はとても **しょーもない** 事なので、、、\n>\n> あんまり期待して読まないでください。\n>\n> え、いつもしょーもないじゃんと思ってる人\n>\n> 逆に読んでください。そしてその **しょーもなさ** に驚愕し恐怖を覚え僕を恐れてください、、、\n\nHowever, he later said **しょーもなさ** , which I'm not sure whether it has the same\nmeaning with **しょーもない**.\n\nIt also seems to have a hashtag on\n[instagram](https://www.instagram.com/explore/tags/%E3%81%97%E3%82%87%E3%83%BC%E3%82%82%E3%81%AA%E3%81%95/).",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2018-02-06T12:13:08.480",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56440",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-06T12:36:35.093",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "19458",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "What does しょーもなさ mean?",
"view_count": 408
}
|
[
{
"body": "First, 「しょーもない」 with the small ょ is the colloquial pronunciation of 「しようもない」\nwith the regular-size よ. In kanji, しよう = 仕様.\n\nIt means \" ** _dullsville_** \", \" ** _small-time_** \", \" ** _very boring_** \",\netc. It is an **_adjective_**.\n\n「しょーもな **さ** 」 is the **_noun_** form of 「しょうもな **い** 」. You must have seen\nthis 「さ」 in words, such as 「高{たか}さ」、「良{よ}さ」、「うまさ」, etc. The 「さ」 turns an\nadjective into a noun.\n\nSo, the noun form means \" ** _boringness_** \", \" ** _small-timeness_** \", \" **\n_triviality_** \", etc.",
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"creation_date": "2018-02-06T12:31:34.120",
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{
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"body": "I'm going to speak a short foreword in a conference attended by Japanese\nguests, so I'm looking for standard phrases (as usually there are) to connect\nthe sentences. I tried to translate them literally but I believe there are\nsome set phrases for these situations. Specifically:\n\n> Welcome / Thank you for attending our conference. — 皆さん、我が会議へ良くいらっしゃいました。\n>\n> I represent ... department. — ・・・部の代表で、・・・と申します。\n>\n> Our department is involved in development of... — 我が分は・・・の開発に携わっています。\n>\n> The industry nowadays is facing the following problems: ... —\n> 現在、業界は次の問題に向かっています。\n>\n> To address this issue, we have... — こう言う問題に答えて、我が社は・・・\n>\n> To meet the needs of our [highly respected] customers, we have... —\n> 我が顧客のニーズを満たすため、我が社は・・・\n>\n> My colleague will now come forth with more detailed information. —\n> これからは私の同僚は詳細な情報を提示して上げます。\n>\n> _Some standard phrase to be said before presenting the main content, like\n> \"Please listen carefully / I hope you will enjoy / Thank you for your\n> attention\"_ — ???\n\n 1. Can these phrases be used as intended? Perhaps there are more set phrases for such speeches?\n 2. Should 弊社 be used in this context, or it's okay to use 我が社?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-06T15:37:38.010",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56444",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-09T03:51:12.120",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "22767",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"usage",
"phrase-requests",
"honorifics"
],
"title": "Standard phrases to use in presentation speech",
"view_count": 1973
}
|
[
{
"body": "As with any language you need to tailor your speech to the audience. If it is\nan internal conference, with insiders only, it would be phrased much\ndifferently than a conference or presentation which involves members of the\npublic who are not insiders. I am assuming that it will include non-insiders.\n\nI would suggest a couple things:\n\n・Try to use proper names whenever possible. Instead of 弊社, use the company\nname. Instead of ‘my colleague’, use A社B部のCが。。。をします。 Instead of ‘our\ndepartment’, or ‘his department’, simply say the name of the department.\n\n・If there is already (as I would expect there is) a name for your\npresentation, you should use it. A社のInvestor’s meetingにご参加いただいた皆様、こんにちは /\nA社のInvestor’s meeting ご参加いただきありがとうございます。Is it a 説明会or something else?\n\n・If the audience had to brave bad weather or a busy schedule to attend, this\nshould be mentioned, preferably as a preface to your main introduction.\n寒い中、豪雨中、ご多忙中、etc.\n\n```\n\n Welcome / Thank you for attending our conference. — 皆さん、我が会議へ良くいらっしゃいました。\n \n```\n\nI would use 皆様. Use company name and name of presentation/conference. Also,\n良くいらしました is likely too casual.\n\n```\n\n I represent ... department. — ・・・部の代表で、・・・と申します。\n \n```\n\nABC電気（株式会社）、研究部代表のTom Sawyer と申します。\n\n```\n\n Our department is involved in development of... — 我が分は・・・の開発に携わっています。\n \n```\n\n我々研究部は…の開発に携わっております。\n\n```\n\n The industry nowadays is facing the following problems:... — 現在、業界は次の問題に向かっています。\n \n```\n\n現在、電機業界（全体）は…向かっております。Or が instead of は if the problems being faced are\nconsidered particular to your industry.\n\n```\n\n To address this issue, we have... — こう言う問題に答えて、我が社は・・・\n \n```\n\nAgain, say the name of your company.\n\n```\n\n To meet the needs of our [highly respected] customers, we have... — 我が顧客のニーズを満たすため、我が社は・・・\n \n```\n\nお客様/大事なお客様 sounds better than 顧客. Company nameのお客様 or 弊社のお客様のニーズ… or simply\nお客様のニーズ.\n\n```\n\n My colleague will now come forth with more detailed information. — これからは私の同僚は詳細な情報を提示して上げます。\n \n```\n\nTitles serve a necessary function here. Just introducing someone as ‘a\ncolleague’ would likely be considered rude in this circumstance.\n我々ABC電気、営業部のMary Sutton が詳しい情報の説明をさせていただきます or something to that effect.\n\n> Some standard phrase to be said before presenting the main content, like\n> \"Please listen carefully / I hope you will enjoy / Thank you for your\n> attention\" — ???\n\n私の分をご親切に聞いていただいてありがとうございました。[Hand off] or ご静聴ありがとうございました。\n\nMaryさん、よろしくおねがいします。[Hand off]\n\nIf it is an important speech, you should be able to communicate your message\neffectively while maintaining interest. It doesn't take much to shift the\nfocus from what you are presenting to the method in which you are presenting\nit. Improper use of the language will distract the audience and frankly\nspeaking, if there are any Japanese language natives in your organization you\nshould press them to help refine your speech.",
"comment_count": 2,
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"creation_date": "2018-02-06T21:10:45.267",
"id": "56447",
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"last_edit_date": "2018-02-09T03:51:12.120",
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"body": "> Welcome / Thank you for attending our conference. — 皆さん、我が会議へ良くいらっしゃいました。\n\n「本日はお忙しい中｛ご出席/ご参加｝いただき（まして）ありがとうございます。」 \n「本日はお忙しい中ご出席を[賜]{たまわ}り（まして）ありがとうございます。」 \netc..\n\n> I represent ... department. — ・・・部の代表で、・・・と申します。\n\n「～～部の代表をさせていただいております、～～と申します。よろしくお願いいたします。」\n\n> Our department is involved in development of... — 我が分は・・・の開発に携わっています。\n\n「我が部は～～の開発に携わっております。」 \n「[私]{わたくし}[共]{ども}～～部は、～～の開発に携わっております。」\n\n> The industry nowadays is facing the following problems: ... —\n> 現在、業界は次の問題に向かっています。\n\n「現在、業界は次のような問題に直面しています。」\n\n> To address this issue, we have... — こう言う問題に答えて、我が社は・・・\n\n「このような問題に｛取り組むため/対処するため｝、我が社(で)は/弊社(で)は・・・」\n\n> To meet the needs of our [highly respected] customers, we have... —\n> 我が顧客のニーズを満たすため、我が社は・・・\n\n「お客様のニーズに[応]{こた}えるため、我が社(で)は/弊社(で)は・・・」\n\n> My colleague will now come forth with more detailed information. —\n> これからは私の同僚は詳細な情報を提示して上げます。\n\n「では、（［役職］の）［名前］の｛ほうから/ほうより｝、情報の詳細をご提示させていただきます。」 \n「それでは、（［役職］の）［名前］のほうから、(より/さらに)詳しくご説明させていただきます。」\n\n> Some standard phrase to be said before presenting the main content, like\n> \"Please listen carefully / I hope you will enjoy / Thank you for your\n> attention\" — ???\n\nHow about... 「それでは、始めさせていただきたいと思います。」 and/or 「本日はどうぞよろしくお願い申し上げます。」?",
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{
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"body": "> ロビーが満員 **で** 入室できませんでした\n>\n> 悩み事 **で** 眠れない\n\nDoes this で mean \"because\"? If so, can it be replaced by だから、なので and/or\nだということで? (I think that で in the first sentence is supposed to be だ/です, but can\nit be translated as \"because\"?)\n\nI think that に can also mean \"because\" at times, would it work this time?\n\n> ロビーが満員 **に** 入室できませんでした\n>\n> 悩み事 **に** 眠れない\n\nRegarding the second sentence, is the で used the same (だ/です)?\n\nAs you can see, I'm a bit confused with all these way of saying the same\nthing.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2018-02-06T20:56:47.510",
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"owner_user_id": "20501",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Questions regarding で, に",
"view_count": 139
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[
{
"body": "`で` can be used to represent causal relationships in a similar way to _some_\nenglish uses of `because`, although I am hesitant to say that `で`=`because`.\nYour two uses of `に` do not really work; I would stay away from trying to use\n`に` as \"because\" in most cases.\n\nLet's talk about `で` though. You've actually picked two very good examples,\nbecause although the `で` in each of them is representing a causal\nrelationship, they do so in different ways.\n\n> ロビーが満員で入室できませんでした\n\nThis `で` is an abbreviated `であり`. You can read more about this\n[here](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/42454/what-is-the-meaning-\nof-%E3%81%A7-in-this-sentence?), but this is very close to an English `and`,\nand it can be used to represent causal relationships in a similar way.\n\n> ロビーが満員であり、入室できませんでした\n>\n> The lobby was full (of people) and I could not get in.\n\nNo `because` necessary. Also note that `ロビー` is `lobby`, not `room`.\n\nAs for\n\n> 悩み事で眠れない\n\nThis is the `で` particle we know and love. `悩み事` is the thing directly\nfacilitating somebody not sleeping, in the way that the plane in `飛行機で行く`\ndirectly facilitates your traveling.\n\nI think it's safe to translate this as \"I could not sleep _because_ of my\nworries\", but I encourage you to think of this more as a natural extension of\nthe way `で` is used than as it corresponding directly to `because`.\n\nEdit: It might be best to think of `because of`, rather than just `because`,\nas the possible translation for `で` here. It really only plays this role with\nnouns, which in English will end up as `because of [noun]`.",
"comment_count": 7,
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"creation_date": "2018-02-06T23:50:06.713",
"id": "56451",
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"body": "If someone were to say that to me, what would I say in response? Do I thank\nthem as well, for their service? Do I say \"Sumimasen\"?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-06T22:48:25.050",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56448",
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"owner_user_id": "1515",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"greetings"
],
"title": "What is the correct response to \"Osoreirimasu\"?",
"view_count": 1819
}
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[
{
"body": "恐れ入ります, used by itself, is a catch-all kind of word. It can be used either as\na manner of apology or as a way of thanking a person. Therefore, the response\nto it really depends on the context in which it is being said.\n\n相手にお願いごとや感謝を伝えるために使用するクッション言葉. \"A 'cushion word' used to make a request of\nanother party or to express gratitude.\"\n\nIf it is an apology for causing difficulty, a response along the lines of\nとんでもない or いいえ would be appropriate.\n\nIf it is showing gratitude, nothing really need be said. とんでもない could work in\nthis case as well.\n\nIf it is someone apologizing for trying to get by you (which is not an actual\napology, more of a request for you to make room) you could reply with\n'sumimasen'.\n\nAs this expression would normally be used by someone in the service industry\nas a set expression which does not require or even expect response, it might\nactually be more polite to say nothing than to say anything. Just a grunt or a\ngrin might suffice. This seems counter-intuitive to many Western cultures, but\n(in such a case) as the customer there is no real onus on you to reciprocate.",
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"body": "I am still in the beginning stages of learning Japanese grammar and while I\nunderstand the meaning of the kanji I don't understand what のも means in the\ncontext of this sentence.\n\n> 自分で言う **のも** なんだ けど",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-06T23:29:25.837",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56449",
"last_activity_date": "2020-01-09T02:48:19.213",
"last_edit_date": "2020-01-09T02:48:19.213",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "27610",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"meaning"
],
"title": "I need help understanding the grammar in this sentence: 自分で言うのもなんだけど",
"view_count": 891
}
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[
{
"body": "* This の is a nominalizer. 自分で言うの = \"saying it myself\"\n * Here も is used in place of the topic marker は. Doing so makes a sentence a little reserved or mild, similarly to English \"well\", \"kinda\", \"a bit\", \"(not) quite\", etc.\n * なん here basically means \"weird\". More generally, 何【なん】 can be used to avoid saying negative words directly in conversations.\n\nSee Schokolade's links for more information. Put together, 自分で言うのもなんだけど\nliterally means \"Saying it myself is a bit weird, but ...\". It's a set phrase\nused before you want to say something you should not say. \"I may not be the\nright person to say this, but ...\" or \"Though I say it myself, ...\".",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2018-02-07T04:20:50.510",
"id": "56456",
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"score": 4
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{
"body": "The 「の」is a foraml substantive in the sentence.\n\nIt mean 「のこと」、「のもの」、「のほう」, etc., making the attributive form have the same\nqualification as a substantive, but we generally don't say it completely for\nconvenience.\n\nHere 「も」is used to avoid expressing one's opinion directly, making a sentence\nmild.\n\nThe whole sentence means \"I shouldn't / don't want to say this, but...\".",
"comment_count": 2,
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"creation_date": "2018-02-07T08:30:28.743",
"id": "56464",
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"body": "Which alternatives sound more natural?\n\n> 1.1 - その本 **は** 読めない。 \n> 1.2 - その本 **が** 読めない。\n>\n> 2.1 - ゴルフ **は** 上手じゃない。 \n> 2.2 - ゴルフ **が** 上手じゃない\n>\n> 3.1 - この映画 **は** 見たくない。 \n> 3.2 - この映画 **が** 見たくない。 \n> 3.3 - この映画 **を** 見たくない。\n>\n> 4.1 - 日本語 **は** 分からない。 \n> 4.2 - 日本語 **が** 分からない。\n>\n> 5.1 - 魚 **は** 好きじゃない。 \n> 5.2 - 魚 **が** 好きじゃない。\n>\n> 6.1 - ビール **は** ありますか？ \n> 6.2 - ビール **が** ありますか？",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-06T23:41:55.413",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56450",
"last_activity_date": "2022-09-09T01:33:58.953",
"last_edit_date": "2022-09-09T01:33:58.953",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "21801",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"particles",
"negation",
"na-adjectives",
"は-and-が",
"interrogatives"
],
"title": "Do we really have to change particles (usually が into は) in negative and interrogative sentences?",
"view_count": 218
}
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[
{
"body": "Yes, in general, you should mark something as a topic using は, especially in\nnegative sentences and questions. You should use は in all of your short\nexample sentences.\n\nOf course there are well-known exceptions:\n\n * In subordinate clauses (including relative clauses), が can be used. \n\n> * この本 **が** 読めないなら、もっと簡単な本があります。\n> * 日本語 **が** 分からない人\n\n * If there is already another topic marked with は, you don't have to use it twice. \n\n> * 私 **は** この本 **が** 読めない。\n> * 彼 **は** 日本語 **が** 分からない。\n\n * If \"exhaustive-listing が\" is intended, が has to be used. \n\n> * 英語ではなく、日本語 **が** 分からない。 \n> It's _Japanese_ that I don't understand, not _English_.",
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"creation_date": "2018-02-07T04:34:15.093",
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"body": "As a 3rd year student of Japanese, I don't have all that wide a vocabulary\nyet, but have noticed that, typically, the following patterns are observable\nin terms of the word endings for transitive-intransitive verb pairs: 自動詞 and\n他動詞 tend have the same \"prefix\", but end in\n\n * -u (自) / -eru (他)\n\n> **開く・開ける** 、届く・届ける、進む・進める、続く・続ける、育つ・育てる etc.\n\n * **-eru (自) / -u (他)**\n\n> **開ける・開く** 、切れる・切る、解ける・解く、裂ける・裂く、焼ける・焼く etc.\n\n * -aru (自) / -eru (他)\n\n> 下がる・下げる、上がる・上げる、閉まる・閉める、務まる・務める etc.\n\n * -iru or -eru (自) / -asu (他)\n\n> 出る・出す、覚める・覚ます、溶ける・溶かす、動ける・動かす、生きる・生かす etc.\n\nas well as several other patterns\n\nWhile I learned many of these words while studying, I compiled this list in\npart from [this source](http://nihongo.monash.edu/ti_list.html), which I can't\nverify the accuracy of (the page links to a more updated version that doesn't\ncategorize the pairs by their endings).\n\nOne snag that I found myself often caught by is that, especially for the\nu<->eru ending pairs, the first dozen or so that I learned all followed the\npattern \"transitive looks like potential of intransitive\" (unrelated, but same\nsound change so it is easy enough to remember, if misleading). I imagine that\nmost textbooks or courses would introduce 続く・続ける earlier on than 裂ける・裂く, due\nto usage frequency and kanji difficulty if nothing else. Encountering the\nreverse pattern was a bit confusing for me, because my (ill-founded) intuition\nwas completely backwards. Even more specifically, I find it especially\nconfusing that 開く・開ける can be read as あく・あける or ひらく・ひらける, but the two readings\nare respectively paired as 自他 and 他自.\n\nDoes anyone know, etymologically, how the phonology of transitive-intransitive\npairs developed, and why u<->eru appears in both directions? I initially\nthought that I could mostly figure out which was which by intuition and\npattern matching, but it seems that that might be impossible to do\nuniversally.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-07T03:41:03.113",
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"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
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"owner_user_id": "21802",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"verbs",
"etymology",
"transitivity",
"morphology"
],
"title": "Patterns (and exceptions) for 自動詞 - 他動詞 pairs",
"view_count": 510
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{
"body": "You can't distinguish '自・他' with 'る・れる' phonology.\n\n'自・他' depends on both type of the verb and the subject of the sentence.\n\nAs a premise, 'u aru' is a basic form of verb.\n\nAnd this basic form must be either intransitive verb or transitive verb.\n\nNote that basic form can't be both type. This can only be one type.\n\n届く is intransitive. So,\n\n荷物が届く is correct usage.\n\n私は荷物を届く is incorrect.\n\n焼く is transitive. So,\n\n私は魚を焼く is correct usage.\n\n魚が焼く is incorrect.\n\nBut you can use intransitive type verb as transitive verb with 'eru', and the\nreverse is also.\n\n私は荷物を届ける is correct.\n\n荷物が届ける is incorrect.\n\n魚が焼けた is correct.\n\n私は魚が焼けた is incorrect.\n\nIn other word, you use basic form when the type of basic form matches your\nusage, and use 'eru' form when your usage differ from the type.\n\nSo, to distinguish '自・他' completely , you must know type of basic form of all\nverbs.\n\nBut I don't think this is a hardwork.\n\nCompared with English, in Japanese, it is not usual for things those are not\nalive to be a subject.\n\nSo, you can pay attention only for intransitive type verbs that take nonhuman\nas subject.\n\nSorry for my poor English...",
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"body": "> その手紙を送るのに１００円かかった。\n>\n> その手紙の送るのに１００円かかった。\n>\n> その手紙の送りは１００円かかった。",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2018-02-07T04:46:06.570",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56458",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-07T09:01:20.827",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "27223",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"translation",
"word-choice"
],
"title": "Are those sentences correct?",
"view_count": 138
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{
"body": "The correct sentence is the first one. The rest are wrong.\n\n送り is a [tricky masu-stem-derived\nnoun](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/32311/5010) which appears only in\nseveral set phrases such as コマ送り, 早送り and 送り仮名.\n\nIf you want a noun-based expression, you can use 送料 and say:\n\n> * その手紙の送料は100円だった。\n> * その手紙の送料として100円かかった。\n>",
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"body": "> 1) その手紙{てがみ} **を** 送{おく}るのに１００円{えん}かかった。\n>\n> 2) その手紙 **の** 送るのに１００円かかった。\n>\n> 3) その手紙の **送り** は１００円かかった。\n\nAmong the three sentences, only the first one is correct, grammatical and\nnatural-sounding. It is just perfect.\n\nSentence #2 is incorrect for using the first 「の」 as 「手紙」 is the direct object\nfor the verb 「送る」. We must use 「を」 instead.\n\nSentence #3 is also incorrect for using 「送り」. We simply do not say 「その手紙の送り」.\nIf you replaced 「送り」 by 「送料{そうりょう}」(\"postage\"), the sentence would be\nacceptable.",
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"body": "The first sentence is correct.\n\nThe second is incorrect for using a verb following the case particle 「の」. If\nyou want to use it, it'll be OK to say 「その手紙の送ることのために」。\n\nThe third is incorrect because the word 「送り」is rarely used alone.",
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"creation_date": "2018-02-07T06:20:31.800",
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56460
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"body": "How would you say 'No pressure' in a business context where you are trying to\nconvey the lack of a need for urgency of completing a task?\n\nIs it something like 別にする必要なく?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-07T08:15:25.737",
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"score": 2,
"tags": [
"word-choice"
],
"title": "How to say 'No Pressure'",
"view_count": 2114
}
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[
{
"body": "You would often hear the following expressions:\n\n「無理{むり}しなくてもいい（です）よ。」\n\n「（特{とく}に）急{いそ}いでしなくてもいい（です）よ。」\n\n「もしダメでも気{き}にしないで。」\n\n「もしすぐにできなくても気にしないで。」\n\nIn one of the companies I have worked for, some people actually used:\n\n「ノープレッシャーでいいですよ。」\n\nbeause almost everyone spoke English there.\n\nFinally, 「別{べつ}にする必要{ひつよう}なく。」 is an incomplete sentence ending in the\ncontinuative form 「なく」 and it can be taken to mean \" ** _You don't have to do\nit_**.\", which you probably would not want to be saying.",
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"creation_date": "2018-02-07T08:32:28.727",
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"body": "Are you trying to say that there ought to be more sense of urgency or\nawareness about the work in the environment?\n\n> 「もっと気にかけた方が良いですね。」 (Maybe) it's better to be concerned (about it).\n>\n> 「こちらは気が利くべきですね。」 (You) should be more sensible/thoughtful/smart about this.\n> ← 注意：English translation sounds stronger than is the Japanese.\n>\n> 「もっと注意しましょう。」 We should be more careful.",
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"body": "Kinda new to this and i'm confused regarding verb variations such as this.\n\nFrom what I understand aruku and arukimasu are the same just the latter is\nmore polite while arukimasen is more the opposite like 'I dont want to walk'",
"comment_count": 1,
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"creation_date": "2018-02-07T08:45:05.773",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": -2,
"tags": [
"verbs"
],
"title": "Difference between aruku, arukimasu and arukimasen and such",
"view_count": 1058
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[
{
"body": "歩{ある}く (aruku) walk, dictionary form\n\n歩{ある}かない (arukanai) not walk, dictionary form\n\n歩{ある}きます (arukimasu) walk, -masu form\n\n歩{ある}きません (arukimasen) not walk, -masu form\n\nIn conversational setting, the -masu verb is indeed the polite form.\n\nTo \"not like to walk\" is actually 歩{ある}きたくない (arukitakunai).",
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"body": "I am aware that 意味 is \"meaning\" in Japanese. However, わけ while being of\nsimilar nuance seems to be a different word.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2018-02-07T08:47:23.280",
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"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "What is the difference between meaning and usage of 意味 and わけ?",
"view_count": 123
}
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[
{
"body": "訳｛わけ｝ means 'cause' or 'reason'. 意味｛いみ｝ means 'meaning'.\n\nTake the following sentence: 'What is the reason for this?' vs. 'What is the\nmeaning of this?'. They are both expressing the same thought, despite using\nthese two different words.\n\n「わけわからない」would mean 'It doesn't make sense', but using the initial definition\nit could be restated as 'I don't understand the reason/reasoning.'\n「意味がわからない」could carry the same meaning/reasoning, and entail a sense of\nconfusion.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"body": "I am a linguistics teacher in Japan and the overuse of katakana in Japan makes\nit difficult for Japanese students to easily learn English or other western\nlanguages. This is not just some random question but one formed after years of\nexperience in teaching Japanese students and understanding their difficulties\nwith learning a number of subjects. I am in no way suggesting the eradication\nof katakana but merely taking away their status of foreign representation. I\nstill believe katakana is important for historical study and pop-culture. I\nintend to write a book on katakana but I should first try to understand my\nargument from all sides.\n\n**1. What are some ways in which katakana is beneficial to Japanese people?**\n\n**2. What are some ways in which katakana proves detrimental?**\n\nJust a simple list would be sufficient, any and all help would be much\nappreciated.",
"comment_count": 13,
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"creation_date": "2018-02-07T09:13:37.533",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"katakana"
],
"title": "How is katakana beneficial and or detrimental to Japanese people?",
"view_count": 1700
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[
{
"body": "First of all, please keep in mind that transliterating English-origin words is\nonly one of the [many roles of\nkatakana](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_writing_system#Katakana). I\nstrongly disagree with this statement:\n\n> Katakana that is used to represent Japanese words is not the proper usage.\n\nKatakana was invented _long_ before Japanese people encountered western\ncivilizations, and it's been an essential part of Japanese orthography for\nmore than 1000 years. Even if I had to stop using western-origin loanwords\naltogether, I would still need katakana for many reasons. Countless Japanese-\norigin words are normally written in katakana, and they include onomatopoeia\nand slang words. It's not \"overuse\"; it's just how katakana works.\n\n * [Why are katakana preferred over hiragana or kanji sometimes?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/1930/5010)\n * [Why is the word オタク written in katakana?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/46870/5010)\n * [Why is \"Yamata no Orochi\" written in katakana?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/13788/5010)\n * [Why is Toyota typically written in Katakana? (トヨタ)](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/31078/5010)\n * [ニッポン? Why Kana?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/17799/5010)\n\n* * *\n\n> What are some ways in which katakana is beneficial to Japanese people?\n\nIt can help us remember which word is of western origin :-) Of course that's\nonly one of the reasons. Having two similar sets of phonetic symbols is\nredundant in theory, but it helps us read things smoother, and it's especially\ntrue for a language that doesn't use spaces to separate words. I believe you\nalso understand the merit of having two \"cases\" in English character set.\n\n> What are some ways in which katakana proves detrimental?\n\nThe knowledge of your mother tongue will almost always work detrimentally when\nyou learn a new foreign language. It's advised not to use katakana if you want\nto seriously master English pronunciation, and vice versa. Definitely we must\nnot overuse katakana in this regard, but of course this is not a problem\nspecific to katakana.\n\n> Katakana is currently being used in Japanese popular culture and is used in\n> a lot of internet slang. The use however confuses many Japanese especially\n> students into thinking that those foreign words represented in katakana are\n> actually from Japanese origin. I have had students who even think 'Good Bye'\n> or 'bye bye' is originally Japanese. This is a problem when it comes to\n> learning English.\n\nAdmittedly, there are a few obscure cases because katakana is not exclusively\nfor western-origin words. Few people remember the origin of words like ジゴロ,\nヤクザ or バンカラ. Today virtually everyone understands オタク, イケメン and リケジョ are not\nwestern loanwords, but some people may forget their etymology after 50 years.\n\nThat being said, abandoning katakana will make the situation much worse. Many\nJapanese people no longer remember that たばこ and てんぷら are originally western\nwords, and that's because they are often written in hiragana these days. But\nalmost all Japanese adults know バイバイ is an English-origin term, and that's\nbecause it's still usually written in katakana. English has no equivalent of\nkatakana, and thus English speakers have forgotten the etymology of many words\nthey use ([examples](https://en.rocketnews24.com/2014/01/23/you-might-be-\nsurprised-to-learn-that-these-english-words-were-originally-japanese/)).\n\nKatakana is not perfect, but having it is better than abandoning it, IMHO.",
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"body": "I found similar translations for \"endurance\" and don't know how to distinguish\nthem:\n\n 1. [[耐久]{たいきゅう}](http://takoboto.jp/?w=1410360)\n\n 2. [[忍耐]{にんたい}](http://takoboto.jp/?w=1467500)\n\n 3. [[我慢]{がまん}](http://takoboto.jp/?w=1196970)\n\n**What are the patterns to distinguish one from another and to generally find\nout which I should choose?**\n\nThanks in advance :)",
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"creation_date": "2018-02-07T10:52:45.247",
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"owner_user_id": "27556",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"translation",
"word-choice"
],
"title": "Different meanings for \"endurance\"?",
"view_count": 682
}
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[
{
"body": "耐久 the nature of a thing to be able to withstand external forces for an\nextended period. Being of inherently strong composition. Permanence.\nDurability. Hardiness.\n\n我慢 Holding in an impulse and carrying on despite the impulse. Implies\n‘carrying on’ despite a burden or ‘sucking it up’ despite hardship, by virtue\nof one’s willpower. Does not necessarily imply longevity.\n\n忍耐 Being calmly patient. Waiting is an essential part of this usage. Implies\nlongevity.\n\nYour pre-edit post showed that you used Takaboto.jp. Whether you use this or\nanother site try to avail yourself of the example sentences provided in order\nto increase your understanding of the nuances and usages.",
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"creation_date": "2018-02-07T15:12:55.177",
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"body": "user27280 has done a good job explaining the terms you listed, but I just want\nto add that if you are looking for \"endurance\" in the sports and athletics\nsense of the word, it's typically `体力` or `持久力`.\n\n`体力` is used for athletic ability fairly broadly, but this definitely\nencompasses endurance and someone who wears out quickly can be described as\nlacking `体力`.\n\n`持久力` is the more technical/specific term for endurance. For example,\n\"endurance training\" is `持久力トレーニング`.",
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"creation_date": "2018-02-07T18:52:44.097",
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"body": "I've had trouble communicating the concept of 'doing something on the\nfloor/ground' in Japanese. I've seemed to miss the mark by whichever word I\nused for the situation during several short conversations. In addition, when\nthe other party referred to the floor I couldn't grasp what exactly they used\nso I can't learn from it (I'm not good at listening comprehension in general).\n\nExamples while talking about games for children:\n\nQ 'Do you need any tables or ..?' A 'No, this game should be played on the\nground.'\n\n'When you hear the signal, everyone needs to [activity] on the floor.'\n\nI have found the following words, but I simply don't know anything about their\nactual usage.\n\n * 床 {ゆか} \n * 床面 {ゆかめん} \n * 地上 {ちじょう}\n\n床面 and 地上 seem to earn some luke-warm smiles when trying to use them, whereas\n床 is usually not understood at all after which I switch to one of the other\ntwo.\n\nI also feel that Japanese people tend to use other terms as well when they\nrefer to what I said. I just can't acoustically retain these to look them up\nlater. These are not conversations where I have the leisure to ask for\nclarification either, due to time constraints mostly.\n\nSo with that, **is there any general-purpose word for floor/ground that is\nappropriate whether you may be in a building or outside, in a tatami room or\nin a swimming pool, etc.? If not, what are the most common terms for these\nkinda things?**\n\n[This question and\nanswer](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/14131/what-are-the-\ndifferences-\nbetween-%e5%ba%8a-%e5%ba%8a%e4%b8%8a-and-%e5%ba%8a%e3%81%ae%e4%b8%8a) seems to\nsuggest 床 is nothing unsual, but since it doesn't match my experience I felt\nthe need to ask anyway.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-07T12:05:05.610",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"words",
"word-requests"
],
"title": "Commonly used term(s) for floor/ground/whatever surface we usually stand on",
"view_count": 542
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[
{
"body": "If you are unsure of the correct word you should always use the most common or\nmost convenient word until you do. If inside a building the most common word\nwould be 床{ゆか}. If outside 地面{じめん} or グラウンド can be used. Your students will\noverlook any mistakes you might make as long as you learn from them.\n\nI would advise you ask your children what they would call the ground you are\ntalking about. You can make a warm-up game out of it. Students are always\nhappy to help you learn Japanese.",
"comment_count": 1,
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"creation_date": "2018-02-08T02:15:07.627",
"id": "56489",
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"body": "When outside I think we normally use [地面]{じめん} (or colloquial/slangy\n[地]{じ}べた), when inside a building, [床]{ゆか}(の上), and in a tatami room,\n[畳]{たたみ}(の上). In a swimming pool, you'd use (プールの)[底]{そこ}.\n\n> Boden \n> ❷ **地面** ； **床** ▷auf dem Boden sitzen 地面〈床〉の上に座っている \n> wird der Boden unter den Füßen zu heiß ～の **足元** に火がつく* \n> ❸ **底** 、底面 ▷der Boden des Meeres 海底 \n> （三修社『アクセス独和辞典』） \n> *I think it's a literal translation. It seems the phrase is an idiomatic\n> expression that figuratively means 「状況が悪くなって、そこにいづらい・いたたまれない」(\"things got\n> too hot and you can't keep standing / can't stay there\")\n\n> Boden \n> 2 **地面** ； **床** er verlor den Boden unter den Füßen 彼は **足元** がぐらついた. \n> 5 （海、船、樽などの） **底** \n> （郁文堂『独和辞典』）\n\nI don't think we have a general-purpose word for floor and ground (+ tatami\nroom and the bottom of a swimming pool)... That said, in casual/colloquial\nconversation, I think we sometimes use 地べた for floor as well when you're\ninside a building, especially where you wear shoes (though this might be just\nin Kansai??). And depending on the context, I think you can also use [下]{した}\nor [足元]{あしもと}, as in 「カバンは[下]{した}に/[足元]{あしもと}に[置]{お}いてね。」\n\n> 「[机]{つくえ}か[何]{なに}か[要]{い}る？」 \n> 'Do you need any tables or ..?' \n> 「いや、このゲームは[地面]{じめん} (or [地]{じ}べた or maybe [下]{した}) でやるやつだから。」 \n> 'No, this game should be played on the ground.'\n\n> 「[合図]{あいず}が[鳴]{な}ったら、[床]{ゆか} (or [下]{した}) で/に～～ましょう。」 \n> 'When you hear the signal, everyone needs to [activity] on the floor.'",
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"body": "I think that there is no common Japanese word equivalent to \"floor\" or\n\"ground\". \nActually, as shown in the following examples, words are used properly\naccording to the situation.\n\nAs for this theme, there is only one thing important as Japanese language. In\nJapan, as you know, there is a custom to take off footwear in the house in\ngeneral, so even if we don't remove shoes in the office there is a sense\nperception that the floor of the office is cleaner than the outside ground of\nthe office, and in the wording equivalent to the floor or in the\nrepresentation of phrases including floor there might also have some effect\naccording to this custom, though I couldn't introduce good examples.\n\n 1. In case of \"[板の間]｛いたのま｝ _a wooden floor_ \" \n\n * 板の間に座{すわ}る\n * 板の間に座ると冷{つめ}たい。\n * 板の間に直{じか}に座ると冷たい。\n 2. In case of \"畳{たたみ} _tatami mat_ \"\n\n * 畳の上｛うえ｝に座る = 畳に座る\n * 畳に座布団{ざぶとん}を敷｛し｝いて座る\n * 畳に直{じか}に座る\n 3. In case of a carpet/rug \n\n * 絨毯{じゅうたん}/カーペットの上に水｛みず｝をこぼした\n 4. In case of not minding the material of the floor \n\n * 床｛ゆか｝に座る = 床の上｛うえ｝に座る\n * 床に物｛もの｝を置｛お｝く = 床の上に物を置く\n * 通行{つうこう}の邪魔｛じゃま｝になるので床の上に直｛じか｝に物を置かないでください\n * \"床暖房｛ゆかだんぼう｝ _floor heating_ \" は暖｛あたた｝かさが自然｛しぜん｝で良｛よ｝い\n * 床暖房は足元｛あしもと｝から温｛あたた｝まる\n 5. on the groud of the park or roads not paved \n\n * 子供｛こども｝の頃｛ころ｝、地面｛じめん｝に線｛せん｝を書｛か｝いて遊｛あそ｝んだ\n * 土｛つち｝の上/地｛じ｝べた/地面｛じめん｝に直｛じか｝に座｛すわ｝ると服｛ふく｝が汚｛よご｝れるよ\n 6. a paved park or roads\n\n * 財布｛さいふ｝が地面｛じめん｝に落｛お｝ちていた\n * 道｛みち｝で財布｛さいふ｝を拾｛ひろ｝った\n * 日本｛にほん｝では、道路｛どうろ｝にゴミを捨｛す｝てる人｛ひと｝はほとんでいない\n * 舗装｛ほそう｝している道路｛どうろ｝でおしっこ/立小便｛たしょうべん｝したらこちらに流｛なが｝れてきて困｛こま｝ったよ\n * 夏｛なつ｝は公園｛こうえん｝のアスファルトが融｛と｝けそうなほど暑｛あつ｝い\n 7. a school playground or a park square \n\n * 学校｛がっこう｝の運動場｛うんどうじょう｝でサッカーをした\n * 公園｛こうえん｝の広場｛ひろば｝で犬｛いぬ｝が走｛はし｝っていた\n * サッカー場｛じょう｝のグラウンドに水｛みず｝を撒｛ま｝いている",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-08T05:39:55.377",
"id": "56496",
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"owner_user_id": "20624",
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"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
56474
|
56496
|
56493
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "In the sentence \"そう **です** と思います\", is です making the sentence grammatically\nincorrect? If so, why not in the sentence \"「そうです」と言った\" making it incorrect?\nThanks in advance! Isn't it like \"I think it probably is so.\" in a very very\nhumble way?",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-07T12:13:31.137",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56475",
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"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "27619",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Using です inside an indirect quote",
"view_count": 182
}
|
[
{
"body": "Generally, です/ます before と is allowed when you use [direct\nspeech](http://www.studyandexam.com/direct-indirect-speech.html), i.e., when\nyou quote someone's statement without changing it. Note that, however,\nbrackets are optional in Japanese even when you use direct speech, as long as\nwho said it was clear from the context or the choice of personal pronouns. The\nfollowing sentences are all fine.\n\n> * 彼女は「あなたが好きです」と言った。 \n> She said \"I love you.\" (typical _direct_ speech)\n> * 彼女はあなたが好きですと言った。 \n> She said \"I love you.\" ( _direct_ speech with brackets omitted)\n> * 彼女は俺が好きだと言った。 \n> She said she loves me. (typical _indirect_ speech; です should not be used)\n>\n\nLikewise, そうですと言った (without brackets) is totally fine if someone actually said\nそうです out loud.\n\nNext, you cannot directly quote someone's thoughts, and you don't use polite\nform when you think something within yourself. This means you should not use\nます/です with 思う/考える/etc regardless of who thought it, and regardless of whether\nthere are brackets. A rule of thumb is that \"～ますと思う\" and \"～ですと思う\" are almost\nalways incorrect. As a rare exception, if you really feel you \"said\" something\nwithin yourself, ～ですと may appear.\n\n> * 心の中で、お金持ちになりたいですと神様に願った。 \n> I prayed to God within myself, \"I want to be rich, please\".\n>",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-07T18:18:51.150",
"id": "56484",
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"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "56475",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
56475
| null |
56484
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "56479",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "A colleague came with this shirt to work. I can read the\n\n本日?売\n\nbut the \"オ (approximation) I do not know.\n\nCan you tell me the character? What could be the translation? Sell X every\nday? I first thought, the \" could be the inch sign, but then I still do not\nknow the オ.\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/ECPlB.jpg)",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-07T14:53:38.300",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56477",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-07T15:15:40.160",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "27622",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"writing-identification"
],
"title": "What is this character on this shirt?",
"view_count": 127
}
|
[
{
"body": "This `\"オ` is not a real Japanese character. There is a set phrase 本日完売 which\nmeans \"sold out for today\", where 完 means \"completely\" or \"thoroughly\", but I\ndoubt it's suitable on a T-shirt anyway. 本日 means \"today\".\n\nThe remaining elements look pretty meaningless, too, so I guess this was\ndesigned by someone who knows neither English nor Japanese. Or maybe someone\nmade this intentionally as a joke.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-07T15:15:40.160",
"id": "56479",
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"score": 4
}
] |
56477
|
56479
|
56479
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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "A while back I had read an article (in English) online about an Japanese\nceramics artist and his work, with the writer describing the artist's rather\nspartan furnishings as a result of his attitude or lifestyle that eschewed\nluxury or comfort, allowing him to better focus on his art. Whether that was\nactually true or not, he described it using a Japanese word, perhaps a zen\nconcept, explaining and using that idea to paint an ethereal picture of the\nartist's dedication to his work. I don't know how much liberty he was taking\n(if any at all) with the word he was using, but here I am asking if there's\nanyone out there familiar with a Japanese word that encapsulates this\nidea/concept.\n\n**Added:** I had been scanning thru hundreds of images of Japanese ceramics\nand checking into artists' background and then became fixated on some\nfantastic examples of [金継]{きんつぎ} / [金繕い]{きんつくろい} and this is where I lost\nwhere I was before when I can across that term I'm inquiring about. I don't\nthink I can make my way back (though I've tried) to that particular article.\n\nIn all honesty, I don't think I'd be able to give a yea/nay on the correct one\nany more, even if saw it, but I appreciate all of the suggestions that have\nbeen offered. I think, so far, that\n[[質素倹約]{しっそけんやく}](https://jisho.org/search/%E8%B3%AA%E7%B4%A0%E5%80%B9%E7%B4%84)\nprobably best approximates what it was that I was looking for even though the\ndefinition doesn't come close to how romantically the author of the piece\ndescribed it.",
"comment_count": 7,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-07T16:45:58.503",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56482",
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"last_edit_date": "2018-02-08T16:56:24.067",
"last_editor_user_id": "20056",
"owner_user_id": "20056",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"words",
"terminology"
],
"title": "What is a term for an attitude/life that eschews luxury or comfort?",
"view_count": 228
}
|
[] |
56482
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "56487",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I may be wrong but would 「そちらに来ない？」translate as \"Do you want to come over?\"\nAnd does the Japanese language even use the word 「そちら」in that way?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-07T18:03:30.503",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56483",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-29T23:19:39.013",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "27452",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "How would you say, \"why don't you come over?\"",
"view_count": 1427
}
|
[
{
"body": "そちら means in the direction opposite the speaker but near the intended\nlistener. Your phrasing is equivalent to saying something inconsistent like\n'Come there'.\n\nYou want to use こちら, as that would indicate the location where you are at.\n\nThe word for 'want to' is missing from your Japanese example. As in English we\nuse the expression 'Do you wanna come over' as an invitation rather than a\nquestion as to that person's desire to do so, what you really want to\ntranslate is 'Won't you come here?', for which 「こちらに来ない？」would be appropriate\nin a casual/friendly relationship.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-07T18:46:26.090",
"id": "56487",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-07T18:46:26.090",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "27280",
"parent_id": "56483",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "Among close friends we will say ( kimasuka ):\n\n> 来ますか\n\nor\n\n( kuruka )\n\n> 来るか\n\n( kurukai - adding the い on the end converts it to an even more informal\nquestion and implies or questions as a desire - comin' over? or wanna come\nover? )\n\n> 来るかい\n\n( kuro nano - won't you come over )\n\n> 来るなの\n\n( or just kuru? )\n\n> 来る?\n\n( you won't find any of these in books and translator apps will have\ndifficulty with them as well )\n\n北海道ベンだ",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2019-03-29T22:15:44.493",
"id": "66328",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-29T23:19:39.013",
"last_edit_date": "2019-03-29T23:19:39.013",
"last_editor_user_id": "27710",
"owner_user_id": "27710",
"parent_id": "56483",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": -2
}
] |
56483
|
56487
|
56487
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Please don't laugh at me.\n\nI am super new to Japanese and only really have google translate to help me. I\ncan find a lot of stuff online but I can't find a solid meaning for こと, and\nGoogle translate tells me it means \"about\", but I'm not sold. Also if you have\nany suggestions on a better (free) translator, I'm all ears.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-08T03:11:09.917",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56490",
"last_activity_date": "2019-08-19T03:40:57.370",
"last_edit_date": "2019-08-19T03:40:57.370",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "27629",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"nouns",
"nominalization",
"formal-nouns",
"particle-こと"
],
"title": "What does こと mean?",
"view_count": 233
}
|
[
{
"body": "こと can refer to many things, including:\n\n 1. _koto_ ([this Japanese musical instrument](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koto_\\(instrument\\)))\n 2. to make up a cover story; glossing over\n 3. ancient capital; old city\n 4. difference\n 5. (sound) click; tick; knock\n 6. word; phrase\n 7. thing; matter\n 8. affair; incident; event\n 9. fact\n 10. situation; circumstances\n 11. problem; trouble\n 12. regarding ...; about ...\n 13. fact that ... (used to nominalize a clause)\n 14. also known as; alias\n 15. oh; what a; how (e.g. how wonderful..., what a big ...)\n 16. Do ...! (used to make an order)\n 17. Is it ...?; Do you ...?; etc (used as a question marker)\n\nPlease don't be overwhelmed. Japanese tends to have many homophones, and\nfundamental words are always like this in many languages. For example English\nword [`for` has 25 definitions according to a free online English-Japanese\ndictionary](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/en/for/#ej-33042).\nUnsurprisingly, Google Translate is useless for a word-by-word translation of\nfundamental words.\n\nAsking for study methods is off-topic on the main site. But if you want to\nstudy Japanese seriously, please see: [Resources for learning\nJapanese](https://japanese.meta.stackexchange.com/questions/756/resources-for-\nlearning-japanese)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-08T04:27:22.257",
"id": "56494",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-08T05:27:41.037",
"last_edit_date": "2018-02-08T05:27:41.037",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "56490",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
56490
| null |
56494
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "What does した mean? Google translate says it means \"did\", but once again i'm\nnot convinced. Thanks!",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-08T03:56:52.770",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56491",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-08T04:03:26.180",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "27629",
"post_type": "question",
"score": -1,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"definitions"
],
"title": "what does した mean?",
"view_count": 944
}
|
[
{
"body": "It means \"I did / have done that thing.\".",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-08T04:03:26.180",
"id": "56492",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-08T04:03:26.180",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "27613",
"parent_id": "56491",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
56491
| null |
56492
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "56531",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Original sentence :\n\n> 解雇がないため、一生安定した職業になります。\n\nMy question is, why not :\n\n> 一生安定する ?\n\nWhen do we need to convert the verb to `Ta-Form` ?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-08T07:11:34.403",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56498",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-10T01:44:38.667",
"last_edit_date": "2018-02-10T01:44:38.667",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "18585",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"tense"
],
"title": "Convert to Ta-Form when followed by a noun",
"view_count": 287
}
|
[
{
"body": "Putting that part of the phrase in the past tense shows that this is a quality\nof the profession, not the purpose of the profession (intransitive vs.\ntransitive). In other words, the occupation is a stable one, rather than a\nstabilizing one.\n\nIn the past tense, the action is shown to be completed and is therefore an\nintrinsic part of the following noun.\n\n> 閉店する店 - A closing shop (A shop which will close)\n>\n> 閉店しない店 - A non-closing shop (A shop which will not close) i.e. open 24\n> hours.\n>\n> 閉店した店 - A closed shop\n>\n> 閉店していない店 - A shop which is currently not closed.\n\n* * *\n\n> 顧客の満足する品質を提供します。We offer quality which satisfies our clients.\n>\n> 満足したお客様は （お客様が満足したことは）何の職業でもメインの望みである。Having satisfied customers is the main\n> aspiration of any occupation.\n\nHopefully someone else might have a better explanation if this is still\nunclear.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-08T10:44:55.083",
"id": "56502",
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"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "I think this Ta means \"completion\". The job has been stabilized.\n\nPresent form in Japanese language can mean the future things, so 一生安定する may be\nable to use for it like 人工知能に関連する職業は、一生安定する職業になるだろう. In this case, 一生安定した also\ncan be used.\n\nFor example, 結婚する人 means \"a person who will get married\", 結婚した人 means \"a\nperson who got married\".",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-09T05:30:27.500",
"id": "56531",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-09T05:40:49.957",
"last_edit_date": "2018-02-09T05:40:49.957",
"last_editor_user_id": "7320",
"owner_user_id": "7320",
"parent_id": "56498",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
56498
|
56531
|
56502
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "56501",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "If I complain to the Internet Service Provider and say a sarcasm as follows\n\n> インターネットはカタツムリのように速い。\n\nIs it a strange expression? Must it be rephrased directly as follows?\n\n> インターネットはカタツムリのように遅い。\n\nIs the former expression (with a sarcasm) used among Japanese?\n\nHow about インターネットはカタツムリのような速さだ。?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-08T09:32:24.577",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56500",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-08T10:02:57.970",
"last_edit_date": "2018-02-08T09:37:57.060",
"last_editor_user_id": "11192",
"owner_user_id": "11192",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"expressions"
],
"title": "Is 「インターネットはカタツムリのように速い。」a strange expression?",
"view_count": 763
}
|
[
{
"body": "インターネットはカタツムリのように速い may be understood by some people as a tricky sarcastic\nexpression, but usually you should say one of the followings:\n\n * インターネットはカタツムリのように遅い。\n * インターネットはカタツムリ並【なみ】に遅い。\n * インターネットはカタツムリのような｛遅さ／速さ／速度｝だ。\n * インターネットはカタツムリ並の｛遅さ／速さ／速度｝だ。\n\nNote that these refer to a general characteristic of the internet because of\nthe use of は. If you want to report a temporary status of your internet\nconnection, you must use が (e.g., なんだかインターネットが遅いな).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-08T09:54:48.430",
"id": "56501",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-08T10:02:57.970",
"last_edit_date": "2018-02-08T10:02:57.970",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "56500",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
56500
|
56501
|
56501
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I wanted to greet my friends for their wedding. I suppose it would go\nsomething like this:\n\n“Wishing you a lifetime of love and happiness!”\n\nHow would the japanese translation go? “... ご結婚お幸せに！”\n\nAnybody who could lend a hand please?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-08T10:51:01.203",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56503",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-08T13:14:00.677",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "11033",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"greetings"
],
"title": "Casual wedding greetings for friends",
"view_count": 564
}
|
[
{
"body": "\"結婚おめでとう、末永くお幸せに！\" maybe better!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-08T13:14:00.677",
"id": "56504",
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"score": 3
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56503
| null |
56504
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "56506",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "So i came across this sentence in a newspaper article\n\n> 与党が各党と修正協議をしている間、特別委員会での審議は、たるみ切っていた。\n\nThat I translated into\n\n> While the ruling party together with the other parties were negotiating the\n> revised bill,the discussions of the 特別委員会 were [ ]\n\nNow what exactly does たるみきる mean? With たるみ meaning something along the line of\n\"dullness\" or \"boredom\", and 切る having a whole lot of translation, whereby\n\"terminating\" seems to refer to discussion, what does this come out to? It\nseems like a fix expression, that i can not derive.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-08T16:32:56.017",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56505",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-08T16:54:35.857",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "27557",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "Whats the Meaning of たるみきる？",
"view_count": 114
}
|
[
{
"body": "This たるみ is not a noun, but the masu-stem of the verb (弛{たる}む) that the noun\nis based on. In both forms, it can indeed refer to a sense of dullness, but\nits base meaning is \"to loosen/slacken\", and this often extends to a\nmetaphorical sense (similar to the English \"slack off\"). So if the 審議 is\nたるんでいる, it means that the investigation is very \"loose\" - in other words, not\nstrict enough.\n\nAs for the 切る, when used as part of a compound verb like this, it generally\nindicates to do something \"completely\" or \"to the absolute limit\". (eg. レースを走る\nis to \"run a race\", but レースを走り切る is to \"run the race to the end\".) So while\n弛んでいる on its own would mean the investigations were simply \"loose\", 弛みきっている\nmeans that they were \"completely loose\" or \"as loose as they could possibly\nbe\" - it's essentially a superlative, showing that the writer thinks this\nspecial committee is not fulfilling its duties in the slightest.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-08T16:54:35.857",
"id": "56506",
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"score": 3
}
] |
56505
|
56506
|
56506
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "56508",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I have read repeatedly that the pronoun \"anata\" (meaning \"you\") is very\npersonal and should not be used.\n\nBut to say something like \"Which car is yours?\" I would say \"Dono kuruma ga\nanata no desu ka?\"\n\nI don't really know a way around phrasing it that way. Is it rude / unusual to\nsay something like that to someone you've only just met, like service staff,\netc?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-08T17:36:16.167",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56507",
"last_activity_date": "2019-01-29T20:32:04.497",
"last_edit_date": "2019-01-29T20:32:04.497",
"last_editor_user_id": "10045",
"owner_user_id": "1515",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 21,
"tags": [
"politeness",
"second-person-pronouns"
],
"title": "Can you use \"anata\" with people you don't know well?",
"view_count": 3874
}
|
[
{
"body": "The pronoun \"anata\" _is_ the supposed neutral way to refer to someone whose\nname you're not aware of, and it's OK to use it to a stranger if you can't\nthink of any other way to phrase the thing you want to ask.\n\nThe main reason why it's so frequently warned against is that the first\ninstinct of speakers of English (and other Western languages) is to use the\nword \"you\" in almost every sentence, when it isn't actually necessary in\nJapanese, and therefore will sound awkward. Native Japanese speakers won't\ngenerally resort to \"anata\" unless there's really no other option, and in the\nvast majority of situations, there _will_ be a more natural way of phrasing\nwhatever it is you want to say.\n\nFor most everyday sentences, it will be possible to avoid using any pronouns\nat all, simply using honorific language to make it clear when you're referring\nto the listener (as in the basic \"onamae wa?\" where there's no need to say the\n\"you\" of \"what's _your_ name?\" because the honorific \"o\" already indicates\nwhose name you're talking about.) If you can avoid addressing the person by\nname at all, so much the better.\n\nIf mentioning the name is unavoidable, there are a number of alternative\nstrategies that will usually be employed before falling back on \"anata\". For\ninstance, if you're employed in any kind of job where you have to talk to\nstrangers on a regular basis, it will probably be appropriate to consider them\na customer and address them as \"okyaku-sama\", so \"anata\" will never be used.\n\nIf you're talking to random strangers on the street, depending on your\nrelative ages, it may be natural to address them by terms like \"ojii-san\",\n\"obaa-san\", \"oji-san\", \"oba-san\", \"onii-san\", \"onee-san\", \"ojou-san\", and so\non and so forth. (Most of these will come across as somewhat familiar, and so\nmight not be a great choice in all situations, but they can definitely be more\nnatural than \"anata\" depending on how friendly-versus-polite you want to\nsound.) For children who are much younger than you, you would generally go for\n\"kimi\" rather than \"anata\" anyway.\n\nFinally, if you're addressing someone whose name you don't know _yet_ because\nyou've just met them, there's a tendency to avoid using \"anata\" by instead\nmaking a slight pointed hesitation and trailing off when you reach the point\nin the sentence where you would ordinarily say their name. If you do it right,\nthey'll pick up on the cue and introduce themselves, allowing you to carry on\nusing their actual name.\n\nNow, for the actual sentence you brought up in the question (asking a service\nstaff member which car is theirs), I'm not actually sure off the top of my\nhead what strategy would be employed. This seems like a somewhat unusual\nsituation (it would be much more common for the service staff to be asking\n_you_ , in which case the easy \"okyaku-sama\" choice is available). Depending\non the type of service worker, it might be appropriate to to call them\nsomething like \"ten'in-san\" after their position, or even \"onii-san\" etc. if\nthe setting isn't too formal. If there's no obvious option that seems natural,\n_then_ it might finally be appropriate to resort to \"anata\". (Though there may\nwell be yet another alternative strategy I'm failing to cover!)",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-08T18:33:31.993",
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"score": 36
}
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56507
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56508
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56508
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "56512",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm not sure of particles in these 3 sentences, especially this particle-の\nbetween noun/verb and ～方, are they OK? (If you see any other grammar mistake,\nyou may let me know too.)\n\n> 1）着物を着て **の** 歩い方は何ですか。 \n> 2）飛行機の切符 **の** 買い方を教えてくれます。 \n> 3）写真 **の** 撮り方を忘れた。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-08T20:51:43.840",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56510",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-09T02:16:34.460",
"last_edit_date": "2018-02-09T02:16:34.460",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "27635",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particles",
"particle-の"
],
"title": "What particle (の；を) should I use between noun/verb and ～方 (買い方；歩い方 etc.)?",
"view_count": 259
}
|
[
{
"body": "～のVerb(pre-masu form) + 方 is the set form. ～をVerb + 方 would be wrong.\n\nAs you need to use the pre-masu form, 歩い方 would be wrong. 歩き方 would be\ncorrect.\n\n> 1）着物を着ての歩い方は何ですか\n\n何 implies a specific thing, like asking 'What is the thing that is the way of\nwalking while wearing a kimono.'\n\nIt might be better to separate the two thus:\n\n> 着物を着て歩くのは難しいです。どうやって歩きますか？\n\nIf you still want to place them in the same sentence, I would go with:\n\n> 着物を着て歩くのはどうやってやりますか。\n\nor, as @immateur has suggested:\n\n> 着物での歩き方はどのようにすればいいですか？\n\nIf you were to provide the English of what you want to say it might be\nhelpful.\n\n> 2）飛行機の切符の買い方をおしえてくれます\n\nI don't see anything wrong with this sentence. If you are asking about the\npurchasing from a machine, it would be better to say 飛行機の切符販売機の使い方を教えてください。\n\n> 3）写真の撮り方を忘れた。\n\nThis is fine.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-08T21:48:04.827",
"id": "56512",
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"last_editor_user_id": "27280",
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"parent_id": "56510",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] |
56510
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56512
|
56512
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "56519",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "# 日本語\n\n日本語の練習をしようと思ったので初めて日本語で質問を書きました。文法の間違いがあったら編集していただけませんか？\n\n僕は[ここで](http://www.guidetojapanese.org/learn/grammar/particlesintro_ex)こんな会話を読んでいました。\n\n```\n\n アリス） 図書館はどこ？\n ボブ） ここが図書館だ。\n アリス） そこは図書館じゃない？\n ボブ） そこじゃない。図書館はここだ。\n \n```\n\n僕はこう翻訳しました。\n\n```\n\n Alice) Where is the library?\n Bob) Here is the library.\n Alice) Is there (where Bob is) not the library?\n Bob) No, there (where Alice is) is not the library. Here is the library.\n \n```\n\n見ての通り、これは矛盾があります（むしろ矛盾だらけです）。一体図書館はどこにあるのでしょうか？アリスのところかボブのところか？\n\n[ここ](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8C%87%E7%A4%BA%E8%AA%9E)によると、「ここ」は話し手の近くにある場所で、「そこ」は聞き手の近くにある場所です。\n\nですから、アリスの言った「そこ」とボブの言った「ここ」は同じ場所を指すはずではありませんか。それと、ボブが最後に言った「そこ」はアリスのところを指すのではありませんか。そこで、二つの質問があります：\n\n 1. どうして自分のところについて聞かれると、ボブは相手（アリス）のところについて答えたのですか。\n\n 2. まさかアリスの「そこ」とボブの「そこ」は同じ場所を指すのでしょうか？\n\n# English\n\nI read this conversation\n[here](http://www.guidetojapanese.org/learn/grammar/particlesintro_ex).\n\n```\n\n アリス） 図書館はどこ？\n ボブ） ここが図書館だ。\n アリス） そこは図書館じゃない？\n ボブ） そこじゃない。図書館はここだ。\n \n```\n\nAnd this is how I translated it:\n\n```\n\n Alice) Where is the library?\n Bob) Here is the library.\n Alice) Is there (where Bob is) not the library?\n Bob) No, there (where Alice is) is not the library. Here is the library.\n \n```\n\nAs you can see, the translation is (full of) contradictions. Where on earth is\nthe library? Is it where Alice is at or where Bob is at?\n\nAccording to\n[here](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8C%87%E7%A4%BA%E8%AA%9E), 「ここ」refers\nto a place near the speaker whereas 「そこ」 refers to a place near the listener.\n\nSo if I understood correctly, the そこ that Alice said should refer to the same\nplace as the ここ that Bob said. And that the そこ that Bob lastly said should\nrefer to Alice's place, right? This raises two questions:\n\n 1. Why did Bob answer something about Alice's place when being asked whether his own place is the library?\n\n 2. Does this mean that actually the そこs said by both refer to the same place (Bob's place)?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-08T21:06:47.270",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56511",
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"last_edit_date": "2018-02-09T01:53:10.713",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "18200",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"demonstratives"
],
"title": "どうしてこの会話では、話し手と聞き手両方が「そこ」を使っているのに、同じ場所を指すのですか？",
"view_count": 173
}
|
[
{
"body": "Just a speculation, as there is not much context to this conversation. If\nAlice and Bob are standing together, 'here' would be the same for both of them\nand 'there' (そこ) would be a place other than 'here', but still nearby. Does\nthat make sense?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-09T01:07:25.560",
"id": "56519",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-09T01:07:25.560",
"last_edit_date": null,
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{
"body": "First, there is a few mistakes in your translation:\n\nAlice) Where is the library?\n\nBob) Here is the library.\n\nAlice) Isn't there (a place both of them know) the library?\n\nBob) No, there (ditto) is not the library. Here is the library.\n\n* * *\n\nThe differences in demonstrative pronouns are not rigorous, though, there are\nnot glaring issues in statement like \"「ここ」は話し手の近くにある場所で、「そこ」は聞き手の近くにある場所です。\"\n\n* * *\n\nQ1: Alice didn't ask whether Bob's place is in the library, she asked about a\nplace which Bob could grasp.\n\nQ2: What you think is right, but it's not referring to Bob's place; it means a\nplace which Bob and Alice could both understand.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-09T04:32:10.067",
"id": "56526",
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"score": 2
}
] |
56511
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56519
|
56519
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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Why is there a table radical in the word 肌? In what contexts is the word 肌\nused? Is 雪肌 an appropriate way to say fair skin?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-08T22:00:46.120",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56513",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-09T18:08:51.790",
"last_edit_date": "2018-02-09T18:08:51.790",
"last_editor_user_id": "27637",
"owner_user_id": "27637",
"post_type": "question",
"score": -1,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"usage",
"kanji",
"etymology"
],
"title": "What are the uses and origins of the word 肌?",
"view_count": 162
}
|
[
{
"body": "When you ask about etymology of a Japanese word written in _kanji_ , you\nalways have two (usually unrelated) stories.\n\n 1. The (Chinese) **character etymology** of the _kanji_ , here 肌.\n 2. The etymology of the native Japanese word, here はだ.\n\n* * *\n\n 1. The question about 几 appearing in 肌 is only about the first story about character etymology. In fact, 肌 is a 形声文字 _keisei moji_ : the left-hand-side is the 肉 radical indicating \"something-to-do-with-the-body\", the right-hand-side 几 is merely used for its sound キ and has nothing to do with the meaning \"table\". \n\n 2. The etymology of the word はだ is unknown, but likely to be related to 端【はた】 or 果て【はて】 for the meaning of \"end, bound, limit\", the skin being the outer boundary of the physical body (see [gogen-allguide.com](http://gogen-allguide.com/ha/hada.html)).\n\n* * *\n\nFor example sentences containing 肌, please take a look on\n[ALC](https://eow.alc.co.jp/search?q=%e8%82%8c).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-08T22:26:57.383",
"id": "56514",
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"parent_id": "56513",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
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56513
| null |
56514
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "56524",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I have a following line from a manga:\n\n> 持ってきてくれたら「魔法的なこと」見せてあげられちゃうんだけど…\n>\n> たとえば服を作ったりね♪\n>\n> If you bring me some, I’ll be able to show you “a magical thing/magical\n> trick/magic”…\n>\n> Like for example I could make some clothes ♪\n\nContext: Person A that is saying this can do magic and has told Person B what\nshe would need to do magic. So the first bit is her saying that if she is\nbrought this thing she'll be able to show her some more magic and such.\n\nPerson A is also currently naked (because of course she is) and wants to get\ndressed, so second bit is about it also allowing her to make clothes for\nherself.\n\nSooo, these two actions, showing more magic AND making clothes using magic (as\nshe does later) don't really seem opposite. So I'm surprised to find they are\nconnected by だけど which I would expect to connect two at least somewhat\nopposite statements and not main statement and second one making an example.\nSo what's up with that?\n\nAlso I have never before seen てあげる be used with ちゃう. Here てあげられる is there to\nsay A will be able to do B a favor of showing her a magic trick. But why\nappend ちゃう? There are only two reasons one might add it to the end of the\nverb. One is to say that some action was completed completely or/and to\nindicate the action/event was unfortunate.... I guess it could mean that she\nwould be FULLY able to do something... But yeah I tried searching google and\ngot ONE, ONE hit for てあげられちょう. So yeah, don't know what's the\nimplication/nuance behind that either.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-08T23:04:13.870",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56515",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-09T05:53:11.073",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "26839",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"meaning",
"nuances"
],
"title": "What is the meaning of てあげられちゃうんだけど",
"view_count": 432
}
|
[
{
"body": "ちゃう can be used casually in a wide variety of situations. It can describe\nunexpectedness,\n[carefreeness](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/4781/5010), etc. Saying\n見せてあげられちゃう instead of 見せてあげられる in this context implies that showing magical\npower is not something one can usually expect from Person(?) A.\n\n> * できちゃった! I did it (although I didn't think I could)!\n> * 見ちゃえ! Just see it (without worrying too much)!\n>\n\nThis けど is [for giving background\ninformation](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/32824/5010). Something like\n持ってきて欲しいな is left out after this part (hence the ellipsis).",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-09T03:09:10.427",
"id": "56524",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-09T05:53:11.073",
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"parent_id": "56515",
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"score": 4
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56515
|
56524
|
56524
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "56517",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Lets say my phone number is (123)456-7890.\n\nShould I pronounce it as:\n\n> いちにさん よんごろくの ななはちきゅうゼロ\n\nor\n\n> いちにさんの よんごろくの ななはちきゅうゼロ",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-09T00:33:10.837",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56516",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-09T00:53:45.463",
"last_edit_date": "2018-02-09T00:53:45.463",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "27628",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"particle-の",
"numbers"
],
"title": "Is a の said after the first three digtis of 10 phone number?",
"view_count": 315
}
|
[
{
"body": "Native speakers use the 「の's」 most of the time. Without using them, the phone\nnumber will not have the **_rhythm_** that we expect it to be read out with.\nIt just will not sound \"right\" without.\n\nFor keeping that rhythm, it is also important to know that we intentionally\n**_lengthen_** the syllables of 「に (2)」 and 「ご (5)」 to 「にー」 and 「ごー」,\nrespectively, to produce the same \"double-length\" as the other digits that are\noriginally double-length.\n\nThus, the number \"(123)456-7890\" is pronounced:\n\n> 「いちにーさん **の** よんごーろく **の** ななはちきゅうぜろ」",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-09T00:52:19.043",
"id": "56517",
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"parent_id": "56516",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
56516
|
56517
|
56517
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "56520",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm currently reading through the 灰と幻想のグリムガル light novel at the moment and\nhave become stuck on this page containing the below sentence.\n\n[I've provided an image for context as I think you'll need\nit.](https://i.stack.imgur.com/J96bV.jpg)\n\nThe first half of the sentence I need help with is this:\n\n> **流すのもなんなので** 、ハルヒロはとりあえず「....親族なの？」と尋ねてみた。\n\nThe official English Translation for this book translates it as so:\n\n> It would be awkward to leave that hanging, so Haruhiro offered, \"...Maybe\n> they're in the same family?\".\n\nI know it's connected to the topic of the last paragraph, but I can't seem to\nfully wrap my head around its full meaning and how its deconstructed.\n\nIf someone could explain this to me like I'm 5 that would be fantastic.\n\n \n\nThanks,\n\nArchie ♥",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-09T00:55:53.117",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56518",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-09T01:13:06.203",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20407",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"translation",
"nuances",
"particles"
],
"title": "流すのもなんなので - Translation help",
"view_count": 124
}
|
[
{
"body": "In that context,\n\n「流{なが}す」 means 「聞{き}き流す」, which means \" ** _to take no notice and show no\nreaction_** \" to what has just been said by the other person. People tend to\n「流す」 what they think to be poor jokes, uninteresting or useless comments, etc.\n\n「なん」 here is a filler word for an actual word that is **_negative_** in\nmeaning. In this case, that word would be 「良{よ}くない」, 「悪{わる}い」, etc.\n\nSo, 「流すのもなんなので」 would mean something along the lines of:\n\n> \"As it would not be too cool to take no notice of (what Yume has just said)\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-09T01:13:06.203",
"id": "56520",
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"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
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"parent_id": "56518",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
56518
|
56520
|
56520
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "56522",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "In a manga, the characters are trying to find out the culprit of some\nhomicides. One of the character is basically saying that if they keep thinking\nin a logical way, they will never find out who the culprit is. Then he says\nthis:\n\n> だって この物語には… 最初からまともな理由なんてなかったんだから。\n\nCould 理由 be interpreted as \"logic\" in the sentence above (and in general)?\nTranslating it as \"reason\" or \"motive\" doesn't fit the context in my opinion,\nbecause they knew since the beginning that the culprit was a 殺人鬼 and there\nwasn't a motive for the homicides. My translation attempt:\n\n> It's because this story has never followed any logic.\n\nLater on they will discover that they had made the wrong assumption that\nanother character was killed, while he actually faked his death instead. [Here\nyou can see the two pages](https://i.stack.imgur.com/9ZZsz.jpg) where it is\ntaken from for more context. Thank you for your help!",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-09T01:35:09.873",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56521",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-09T01:55:48.603",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "17797",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"words",
"nuances",
"manga"
],
"title": "Can 理由 mean \"logic\" in this sentence?",
"view_count": 228
}
|
[
{
"body": "It appears to me that the characters are having difficulty with or are\nconfused with the case at hand. They just can not get how the culprit could\nkill without a motive without a reason, it is not normal and the same\nsituation, in reality, would cause real detectives just as much difficulty as\nthe characters in the manga.\n\nThe translation is reason or motive, if the characters are detectives\n\"motive\". If just regular people \"reason\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-09T01:55:48.603",
"id": "56522",
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"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "27614",
"parent_id": "56521",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
56521
|
56522
|
56522
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "56533",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I'm a bit puzzled by the use of 〜に限らない vs 〜に限られていない. Here are example\nsentences from a textbook:\n\n> 1. 日本語を勉強している学生は、日本語専攻に **限りません** 。\n>\n> 2. 最近、プロの相撲の力士は日本人に **限られていない** 。\n>\n>\n\nThese both mean \"not limited to\", and have the same sentence structure. Here\nare my specific questions:\n\n 1. How is 限られていない being used as a passive verb here?\n 2. Would 限られない work?\n 3. Does sentence (1) have the same meaning as:\n\n> 日本語を勉強している学生は、日本語専攻に **限られていない** 。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-09T04:06:56.613",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56525",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-13T02:21:43.447",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "12216",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"verbs",
"passive-voice"
],
"title": "Difference between 〜に限らない and 〜に限られていない?",
"view_count": 1929
}
|
[
{
"body": "1. 限られていない is the te-form of the passive voice of 限る, followed by いる to denote the continuation of state. So the literal translation is \"has not been limited\". Basically ～ていない focuses more on how things have been up until now rather than how things are now, but in this case the difference is not very important.\n 2. Of course it works. 限られない is the plain passive form of 限る, \"is not limited\".\n 3. Yes. 限らない and 限られない have the same meaning because it works [both as a transitive and intransitive verb](http://jisho.org/word/%E9%99%90%E3%82%8B). I think 限らない is more common and concise, though.\n\nAll in all, 限らない, 限りません, 限られない, 限られません, 限られていない and 限られていません can roughly mean\nthe same thing.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-09T06:36:41.880",
"id": "56533",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-09T06:42:25.973",
"last_edit_date": "2018-02-09T06:42:25.973",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "56525",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 7
},
{
"body": "I accepted [naruto's answer\nabove](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/56533/12216) as it answered my\nquestions, but also wanted to parse through the grammar that was confusing me.\n\nThe source of my confusion was that the active verb 限る is usually translated\nas \"is limited to\", a passive verb in English. (This discussion only concerns\nthe intransitive 限る.)\n\nA literal \"translation\" that is active and intransitive might be,\n\n> Aは、Bに **限る** 。\n>\n> A **has the limits that are** B.\n>\n> _A is the agent, B is the indirect object._\n\nA literal \"translation\" that is passive and intransitive might be,\n\n> Aは、Bに **限られる** 。\n>\n> B **gives the limits** , which affect A.\n>\n> _B is the agent, A is the entity that is affected._\n\nThese \"translations\" are not of much practical value (especially since\npassive, intransitive sentences don't exist in English), but are useful for\nunderstanding the grammar.\n\nThe takeaway from the accepted answer is that 限る、限られる、限られている roughly mean the\nsame thing, and are all idiomatic expressions.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-10T23:22:12.363",
"id": "56566",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-13T02:21:43.447",
"last_edit_date": "2018-02-13T02:21:43.447",
"last_editor_user_id": "12216",
"owner_user_id": "12216",
"parent_id": "56525",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
56525
|
56533
|
56533
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "56537",
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "Which is more common in spoken Japanese? 眼鏡【めがね】を掛ける【かける】or 眼鏡をする? I've heard\nboth verbs used, which is why I'm curious. Would the answer be different if\nit's サングラス instead?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-09T05:14:11.343",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56529",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-09T08:20:59.803",
"last_edit_date": "2018-02-09T05:58:21.937",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "27644",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"usage",
"nuances",
"verbs"
],
"title": "Use of 掛ける vs する for 眼鏡 or サングラス",
"view_count": 861
}
|
[
{
"body": "眼鏡をする is _not_ correct usage. I'd highly doubt you heard that from a native\nspeaker. The correct verb for both is 掛ける.\n\nする however, _can_ be used for things worn _on_ the head, like hats. Maybe\nthat's what you heard?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-09T05:26:11.027",
"id": "56530",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-09T05:26:11.027",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "18179",
"parent_id": "56529",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": -1
},
{
"body": "According to BCCWJ, which is a corpus based on written Japanese, 眼鏡をかける is way\n(> 10 times) more common than 眼鏡をする. In spoken Japanese, basic words like する\ntend to be used more often than in written Japanese, so the difference may be\nrelatively smaller.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-09T06:10:48.933",
"id": "56532",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-09T06:19:29.803",
"last_edit_date": "2018-02-09T06:19:29.803",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "56529",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "> * 眼鏡{めがね}を掛｛か｝ける or 眼鏡 {めがね}をする\n> * If I recall correctly, they've said サングラスをします, but not 眼鏡｛めがね｝をします.\n>\n\nI think it's a very interesting observation.\n\nI myself wear glasses, and I certainly say \"眼鏡｛めがね｝を掛｛か｝ける\", but I don't say\n\"眼鏡｛めがね｝をする\". \nI don't wear sunglasses, more over I don't even have ones. If I say, I would\nsay \"サングラスをする\". \nI thought about this difference, and I have set up two hypotheses. There is no\nguarantee that they are correct.\n\n(1) When I put on my eyeglasses, the expression \"掛ける\" doesn't have a nuance to\nmake them function to correct the vision by placing them in front of my eyes,\nbut has a nuance to hang \"テンプル/ウデ/ツル _hanging temples_ \" on the ears, or a\nnuance to hang \"パッド/鼻当｛はなあ｝て _nose pads_ \" on the the nose.\n\n(2) I often ski, so when I go downhill by skiing I always wear \"ゴーグル _goggles_\n\". \nAs you know, goggles protect eyes from ultraviolet rays like sunglasses. When\nthinking about goggles, I notice that I say \"ゴーグルを付{つ}ける\" or \"ゴーグルをする\" instead\nof \"ゴーグルを掛{か}ける\". Considering the difference in verbs to use, \"ゴーグルを付ける\" means\nthe operation to put on them, and \"ゴーグルをする\" seems to pay attention to the\nfunction to protect eyes from ultraviolet rays. In the case of sunglasses, the\nreason that I don't use \"サングラスを掛ける\" but use \"サングラスをする\" is probably that I\nwould focuse on proteting the eyes rather than the putting on action.\n\nDespite the above explanation, in fact, both verbs with \"掛ける\" or \"する\" is\nsafely used for glasses or sunglasses.\n\nThe frequency of use on the Internet is as follows.\n\n * 眼鏡をかける 327,000 \n * 眼鏡をする 1,006,000 \n * めがねをかける 48,700\n * めがねをする 159,000\n * メガネをかける 1,210,000\n * メガネをする 1,880,000\n\n * サングラスをかける 193,000\n\n * サングラスをする 604,000",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-09T08:20:59.803",
"id": "56537",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-09T08:20:59.803",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20624",
"parent_id": "56529",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
56529
|
56537
|
56532
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "56556",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "牛からミルクが **出なくなって**\n\nI'm having trouble working out the conjugation of the bold characters. I\nassume that なって is the -te/connective form of なる... but what the heck is\n**出なく**?\n\nLogic tells me it should be some form of 出る... but I don't know which.\n\nSo... can anyone tell me where that 出なく came from? Is it just a typo of 出なくて?\nOr am I completely misreading this and it's actually a different word\naltogether?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-09T06:43:44.443",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56534",
"last_activity_date": "2018-03-20T21:32:33.273",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "27592",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 6,
"tags": [
"verbs",
"conjugations"
],
"title": "What conjugation of what word is 出なく?",
"view_count": 959
}
|
[
{
"body": "なって is indeed the te form of なる.\n\n出なく is the morphing of 出ない (the negative form of 出る) to allow it to be\nconnected to another verb. so 出ない ＋ なる becomes 出なくなる (to start not coming out)\nAdding the te form to the end is just a way of connecting it to another\nsentence.\n\nThis can be done to connect any verbs, for example 食べない (negative of 食べる)\ncould become 食べなくなる (to start not eating / stop eating)\n\nSo in your example, 牛からミルクが出なくなって would be \"The milk stopped coming out\n(started to not come out) of the cow, and...\"",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-09T07:06:22.807",
"id": "56535",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-09T07:06:22.807",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "27647",
"parent_id": "56534",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 14
},
{
"body": "At first, I was just going to comment on your comment on the other answer, but\nmaybe a different approach is better.\n\nWe can look at this two ways. If we build it up, it goes like this:\n\n 1. 出る - to come out\n 2. 出ない - to not come out\n 3. 出なく - a \"stem\" form conjugation of 出ない (Japanese verbs and adjectives [share some conjugation rules](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_equivalents_of_adjectives#i-adjectives)) _such_ that it can be put in front of another verb. [not really sure how it would translate it English maybe \"not coming out\" ?]\n 4. 出なくなる - to start to not come out. (possibly in the future). Here we are adding the helping verb なる (= to become)\n 5. 出なくなって - it is starting to not come out _or_ it has started to not come out [continuative form of naru to express a state of not coming out]\n\nSo 出なくなって is the て-form of the helping verb なる when it's helping 出ない [the\nnegative form of 出る]\n\n出なくて means something slightly different. It means \"it's not coming out.\" and\nis the て-form of 出ない\n\nThe difference being that 出なくなって indicates a **change** has occurred where it\n_was coming out_ and now _is not coming out_ whereas 出なくて indicates merely\nthat it is _not coming out_.\n\nSo if tried to milk a cow and nothing ever came out, 出なくて but if you milked a\ncow and it stopped providing milk, then 出なくなって.\n\nIn other words, 出なくなって is not a verb sequence. It's a verb plus a helping\nverb. If you're looking for it in Tae Kim, then it's\n[here](http://www.guidetojapanese.org/surunaru.html).",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-10T02:18:32.130",
"id": "56556",
"last_activity_date": "2018-03-03T13:13:58.160",
"last_edit_date": "2018-03-03T13:13:58.160",
"last_editor_user_id": "4091",
"owner_user_id": "4091",
"parent_id": "56534",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] |
56534
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56556
|
56535
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "56539",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Now I know what you may be thinking when I pose a question like this, but I do\nhave a reason to wonder.\n\nWork with me for a bit. When did the word \"有り難う\" come into use, could it have\nbeen birthed in the Yamato language? Did it come with the influx of Chinese\ncultural influence?\n\nThis is a question I ask my students in order to get them to think about\nJapanese objectively. The Portuguese arrived in Japan in 1543. How does one\nsay thank you in Portuguese? Thank you in Portuguese is \"obrigado\" a slight\nresemblance with the Japanese expression. Is it a pure coincidence, probably.\nCould the foriegn influence merely have increased the popularity of \"ありがとう\"\nover time? Maybe.\n\nWhat is an explanation that can disprove a direct relationship between the\nPortuguese and Japanese expression?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-09T08:43:12.537",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56538",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-09T09:39:26.883",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "27614",
"post_type": "question",
"score": -1,
"tags": [
"history"
],
"title": "What are the origins of \"ありがとう\"?",
"view_count": 133
}
|
[
{
"body": "> What is an explanation that can disprove a direct relationship between the\n> Portuguese and Japanese expression?\n\nIf you're asking for proof that there is no indirect relationship in the\npopularity of usage due to Portuguese influence it would be pretty hard. As\nfar as there being no direct relationship, the usage of a variation of 有り難う\ncan apparently be found prior to any significant Portuguese presence in the\ncountry. Early Buddhist sutras contain the expression, however, so it's link\nto Chinese cultural influence is highly suggested. Who knows, however, whether\nor not there existed a similar word previous to this influence used to convey\nappreciation?\n\nThe likelihood of Obrigado having an influence on the Japanese word 有り難う is\nconsidered unlikely. I would suggest that this [common view on the\nsubject](http://gogen-allguide.com/a/arigatou.html) be accepted unless you\nhave some substantial reason to doubt it and have a masochistic streak.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-09T09:39:26.883",
"id": "56539",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-09T09:39:26.883",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "27280",
"parent_id": "56538",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
56538
|
56539
|
56539
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Before I move on to the topic, here is my analysis based on my grammar book:\n\n> これを **嬉しい** と思う。\n>\n> これを **親切だ** と思う。\n\nThe bolded part are quotation (引用), and the と behaves as a 格助詞 (quotation\nparticle).\n\n> これを **嬉しく** 思う。\n>\n> これを **親切に** 思う。\n\nThe bolded part are adverbial phrases.\n\nFollowing this logic, I conclude that\n\n> これを **嘘だ** と思う。 →quotation (引用)\n>\n> これを **嘘と** 思う。 →adverbial phrases\n\nHopefully someone could comment on my analysis, and more importantly, the\ndifference of their usage. I mean, the situation when the two sentences are\nnot interchangeable. One Japanese told me that the two sentences have little\ndifference and can be used interchangeably, but I wonder if there is any\nexception.\n\nFeel free to add more/change words to make the sentence sound more natural,\n違和感がない. For instance, 「 **それをうそと思う** かはあなた次第だ」\n\n\"当然のことと思う\"/\"当然のことだと思う\" is another pair where I have the same question.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-09T09:48:05.817",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56540",
"last_activity_date": "2022-01-25T03:05:39.683",
"last_edit_date": "2022-01-25T03:05:39.683",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "22712",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "grammatical and semantic difference of \"嘘と思う\" and \"嘘だと思う\"",
"view_count": 248
}
|
[
{
"body": "This depends on the verb you're using. For many verbs, `AをBとV` and `AをBだとV`\nare completely interchangeable. (I may be wrong, but maybe だ tends to be\ndropped more often if it's in either highly-casual speech or a highly-stiff\nwritten document.)\n\n * それを嘘と思う = それを嘘だと思う\n * それを嘘と見なす = それを嘘だと見なす\n * それを嘘と考える = それを嘘だと考える\n * それを嘘と仮定する = それを嘘だと仮定する\n\nBut you cannot add だ at least for these verbs:\n\n * 娘を花子と名付ける (×娘を花子だと名付ける)\n * これをゼータ関数と定義する (×これをゼータ関数だと定義する)\n * 人はそれを愛と呼ぶ (×人はそれを愛だと呼ぶ)\n\nI can't explain well why. Recently @DariusJahandarie introduced me an article\nexactly regarding this topic, so I hope it helps you too:\n\n[Tsuyoshi Sawada, _Da_ -Deletion: Classification of Clause-Final Elements in\nJapanese](http://www.ic.nanzan-u.ac.jp/LINGUISTICS/publication/pdf/NLSI3_2-8-sawada.pdf),\nNanzan Linguistics: Special Issue 3, Vol. 2, 139-163 (PDF)\n\nSection 8, On The Ambiguity of _To_ , seems to be particularly related. But I\nhaven't read them all, and note that some examples marked with `*` (incorrect)\nactually look okay to me. Particularly, the author says `AをBと思った` is wrong\n(see (66)), but I don't think so.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-09T11:29:08.063",
"id": "56541",
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56541
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{
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"body": "I'm trying to read this manga (風光る) for practice and I came across this short\nsentence\n\n> 今、沖田や藤堂に立合わせています。 (see image below)\n\nIn the English fan translation it is translated incorrectly to\n\n> Now they're getting presented to Okita and Toudou.\n\nI think they confused 立ち合う with 立ち会う. Even if it was 立ち会う (to be present, to\nbe witness to), it wouldn't make any sense (to me at least) to translate it\nlike this. So that translation isn't very useful.\n\nAnyway, the part with the に particle is what I'm confused about. The speaker\n(Hijikata) is either letting or making someone face off in a match (which we\nsee after two pages), but I don't know if that someone is the new recruits or\nToudou and Okita (and others). Is the に particle marking the person that\nsomeone is facing off against or is it marking the person who is actively\nfacing off against someone else (the doer) here? I guess it's not really\ncrucial to get the gist of the sentence, but I would still like to make sure\nwhat the exact meaning is.\n\nI think it's probably the former, so something like:\n\n> Now I'm letting (the new recruits) face off against Toudou and Okita (and\n> others).\n\nThe other option is:\n\n> Now I'm letting Toudou and Okita (and others) face off against (the new\n> recruits).\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/wbjDU.jpg)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-09T11:38:53.200",
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"last_edit_date": "2018-02-09T11:45:37.227",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"particle-に",
"causation"
],
"title": "Question about exact meaning of causative sentence",
"view_count": 120
}
|
[
{
"body": "In this case, \"someone\" is the four recruits. \"Now I'm letting the new\nrecruits face off against Toudou and Okita\" is the correct interpretation.\n\n立ち合う is an _intransitive_ verb that does not take を when in plain active\nvoice. 彼に立ち合う (or 彼と立ち合う) means \"to face off against him\" or \"to play a game\nwith him\", but we do not say 彼を立ち合う whatsoever.\n\nThis means, when you build a causative sentence from this verb, the \"causee\"\nwill be marked with を, just like you say 息子を学校に行かせる and such. In other words,\n沖田や藤堂 cannot be the \"causee\". The sentence in question is actually \"今\n**彼ら4人を** 沖田や藤堂に立ち合わせています\", but 彼ら4人を was omitted because it was mentioned\nright before this sentence.\n\n沖田や藤堂 **を** 立ち合わせています would have meant \"I'm letting Toudou and Okita face off\nagainst the new recruits\".\n\nSee: [Causative Form - Difference between 子供に本を読ませる and\n子供を本を読ませる](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/33510/5010)",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2018-02-09T12:50:42.113",
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56542
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"body": "I was watching the manga events and came across this line, when the actors\nsaid\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/0tfVp.png)\n\n> 今年もこのスーパーステージに二人の日向と影山が **揃いました** よ!\n\n[Audio Link](https://clyp.it/cud4mc0h)\n\nHe was referring to 日向 and 影山, who are the protagonists of the story.\n\n**Q1** : I know that 二人 means 2 people. However, although there are 4 people\non the stage,\n\n2 of them are an actor for 日向 (1 stage actor and 1 voice actor). Similarly,\nanother 2 are\n\nan actor for 影山. Thus I was curious if he was referring to\n\n> A: 2 people, who are 日向 and 影山?\n>\n> or\n>\n> B: 2 日向 and 2 影山?\n\n**Q2** : I know that 揃いました is a past tense of 揃う, which seems to have 3\ndifferent meanings\n\nbased on [Jisho](http://jisho.org/search/%E6%8F%83%E3%81%86).\n\n> A: to be complete; to be all present; to make a full set; to be satisfied\n> (of conditions)\n>\n> B: to be equal; to be uniform; to be even; to match; to agree\n>\n> C: to gather; to assemble; to be collected\n\nHowever, because of the confusion from Q1, I'm not so sure about the actual\nmeaning of\n\n**揃う** in this context.\n\nI'm pretty sure I'm overthinking this, but it would be great if I can get a\nfurther clarification..",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2018-02-09T13:27:49.970",
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"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "19458",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "What does 二人 and 揃う mean in this context?",
"view_count": 142
}
|
[
{
"body": "**Q1** : It's \"2 Hinatas and 2 Kageyamas\". Of course it's ambiguous and the\nsame phrase can mean \"2 Hinatas and (one) Kageyama\", but people who have\nbackground knowledge about this manga can easily choose the correct meaning.\nIf you want to say \"two people, (who are) Hinata and Kageyama\", that would be\n\"日向と景山の2人\", not \"2人の日向と景山\".\n\n> * 2人の男 \n> two men\n> * 男と女の2人 \n> two people, one man and one woman\n>\n\n**Q2** : This 揃う is used in the sense of A and C at the same time, \"for\neveryone to gather\".",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2018-02-09T13:39:08.430",
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"body": "I was watching an interview by \"That Japanese Guy Yuta\" (a Japanese YouTuber)\nwhere the question was \"What if everyone in Japan could speak English. What\nwould be the impact?\".\n\nMost suggested they would travel more, but one woman lamented that something\nin communication would be lost as there are words like:\n\n> komorebi [こもれび] / [木漏れ陽] - sunlight streaming through trees\n\nThis doesn't have a direct translation like \"sun\" or \"tree\" which can be seen\nas it appears to be a combination of various words/kanji like 木 for tree; 陽\nfor sun etc.\n\nIt also has a connotation of serenity and tranquillity as well as the standard\ndescription of a phenomenon and so could have philosophical implications.\n\nAre there other words like this anyone knows which potentially have\nwider/philosophical meanings and/or can't be directly translated?\n\n[I'm particularly interested in the kind of words you might find in poetry.]",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-09T15:35:32.127",
"favorite_count": 0,
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation",
"meaning",
"kanji",
"expressions"
],
"title": "Examples of words which cannot be directly translated into English and have potentially philosophical meanings",
"view_count": 216
}
|
[
{
"body": "I can think of one word \"もったいない\" now. Is this one you are looking for?\n\nIt seems that there isn't a word which means もったいない in the world except\nJapanese language. <https://swinginthinkin.com/column/mottainai/>",
"comment_count": 2,
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"creation_date": "2018-02-09T16:59:16.833",
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{
"body": "Some examples to answer this question include the following: [komorebi is\nalready listed]\n\n> Shoganai\n\nShoganai means ‘it can’t be helped’, but also expresses a conviction that\nthere’s no point in complaining if a situation is out of one’s control. This\nmentality can be both realistic and fatalistic.\n\n> Itadakimasu\n\nLiterally means ‘I humbly receive’, is said before every meal, and expresses\nappreciation for all the work that went into the meal that is about to be\neaten. It conveys a respect for all living things.\n\n> Ojama-shimasu\n\nA set phrase said whenever you enter someone else’s house, signifying that you\nknow you are going to be a bother and apologise in advance. When using this\nphrase, you are signifying your own modesty and sense that you are intruding.\n\n> Otsukaresamadesu\n\nWhen said to colleagues at work, you are recognising their hard work.\nSometimes it is even used in place of ‘cheers’ when drinking together with\nfriends on a Friday after a hard work week. They might seem like empty\nphrases, they smooth interactions in stressful workplaces\n\n> Shinrinyoku\n\nLiterally “forest bath,” shinrinyoku means walking through the forest and\nsoaking in all the green light.\n\n> Wabi-sabi\n\nThe imperfect, incomplete, and transient nature of beauty. Objects that elicit\na sense of quiet melancholy and longing could be defined as wabi-sabi.\n\n> Kogarashi\n\nLiterally ‘leaf-wilting wind’, kogarashi refers to the withering wind that\ncomes at the start of winter and blows the last leaves off of the trees.\n\n> Mono no aware\n\nThis means sensitivity or sadness, to connote a pathos engendered by a sense\nof the fleeting nature of life\n\n> Natsukashii\n\nThis adjective is commonly used when something evokes a sense of nostalgia for\nthe past or fond remembrance; not a wistful longing, but a happy look back at\na past memory, for instance when looking at old pictures from childhood.\n\n> Mottainai\n\nA word that means ‘what a waste!’ and expresses regret over this waste. This\nwastefulness not only pertains to physical resources, but also to a misuse of\nopportunities and time. It can also be used to deflect praise that one feels\nisn’t deserved.\n\n> Kuidaore\n\nKuidaore means to go bankrupt because you spend all your money on food and\ndrink.\n\n> Tsundoku\n\nThis word is made up of the characters for the verb ‘to accumulate, pile up’\nand the verb ‘to read’, but it is also a play on tsunde oku, which means to\nsimply pile up something and leave it. It is defined as constantly buying\nbooks that accumulate but never get read.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2018-02-09T17:24:53.287",
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56547
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"body": "What does よろしく mean when someone uses it as a greeting but I already know\nthem?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-09T19:26:29.420",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56550",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "What does よろしく mean when not used as part of introductions?",
"view_count": 413
}
|
[
{
"body": "Actually, using `よろしく` as a greeting for someone you have not met is the\n'exception' to the rule. Most often, it is a hard-to-perfectly-translate word\nused for giving someone regards. (most literally meaning \"take care of me\")\n\nIn the case of using it as a greeting for a new acquaintance, I believe it's\nfrequently seen as `よろしくお願いします`, since you generally need standard formality\nwith strangers.\n\nUsing `よろしく` alone already indicates a level of casualness/informality between\nyou and the speaker, and most likely means it's being used in a more general\nsense of please/thank you.\n\nWith highly codified expressions like this, it really depends on the context\nit was said in. It might be helpful to look at some example sentences online,\nand see which of those examples best fits the context you heard the word in.\n[Here's a start](https://www.lingualift.com/blog/yoroshiku-onegaishimasu-\nmeaning/)? [Tofugu has a lot of good resources/explanations as well for\nJapanese language topics](https://www.tofugu.com/japanese/yoroshiku-\nonegaishimasu-meaning/).",
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"creation_date": "2018-02-09T19:47:59.603",
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "56561",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I just learned a useful phrase, but immediately I already have a few questions\nabout its structure and grammar.\n\nThe phrase:\n\n> 楽しい旅行を!\n\nIs this a set phrase short for:\n\n> 楽しい旅行をしていらっしゃい\n\nIf so, why is there no ます at the end in:\n\n> していらっしゃい\n\nI'm just a beginner, so I am obviously way out of my league here, but I am\nreally curious.\n\nIf anyone would kindly clear this up for me—or point me in the right\ndirection—I would really appreciate it!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-10T13:08:34.327",
"favorite_count": 0,
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"conjugations",
"keigo",
"subsidiary-verbs"
],
"title": "Is ます omitted here in 楽しい旅行をしていらっしゃい?",
"view_count": 136
}
|
[
{
"body": "いらっしゃい is the imperative (命令形) of the honorific verb いらっしゃる, here standing in\nfor 来る.\n\nいらっしゃいます is a valid form of いらっしゃる. However, the imperative needed for\n楽しい旅行をして would be いらっしゃいま **せ**. (いらっしゃいませ is often heard when you enter a\nrestaurant — meaning \"Please come in!\", a polite imperative.)\n\nJust to be doubly clear, the いらっしゃい in 楽しい旅行をしていらっしゃい and the いらっしゃい in\nいらっしゃいます are different grammatical forms, even though they look and sound the\nsame. The first is the imperative, the second the conjunctive ( _masu_ -stem)\n(連用形).\n\n* * *\n\nBy the way, 良い旅を or 楽しい旅行を may be set phrases, but they are not \"short for\"\n楽しい旅行をしていらっしゃい, any more than _Safe journey!_ is short for _Have a safe\njourney!_. The longer versions express the same sentiment, but _Safe journey!_\ncould be equally \"short for\" _I wish you a safe journey!_",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2018-02-10T13:36:08.233",
"id": "56561",
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{
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"body": "For instance:\n\n> _ikenai_ → _ikenai njanai?_\n>\n> _tabetakunai_ → _tabetakunai njanai?_\n>\n> _tabetakute tamaranai_ → _tabetakute tamaranai njanai?_\n\nNote that I'm using _**n** janai_, not just _janai_ to create a tag question.\n\nIs this a) used? b) often? c) grammatically correct?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-10T16:16:25.263",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56562",
"last_activity_date": "2018-03-12T19:40:15.677",
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"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "27678",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"questions",
"negation",
"casual",
"tag-question"
],
"title": "Is it possible to the negative form of a verb + \"n-janai\" together to form a tag question?",
"view_count": 461
}
|
[
{
"body": "There is no problem with using the negative form of a verb + _n janai_ to form\na tag question — in fact it is very, very common and いけないんじゃない is a good\nexample.\n\n* * *\n\nI would only say that even though 食べたくないんじゃない is perfectly grammatical, it is\nnot quite a real world example. A tag question is a euphemism for what you\nsuppose to be true.\n\nIf 食べたくない is about yourself, んじゃない suggests you are not sure about your own\nstate of mind. (To soften 食べたくない you can use かも(しれない), (んだ)けど, etc.)\n\nIf 食べたくない is about somebody else, you presume to have an idea about a third\nperson's mental state — which contradicts the \"[curious unwritten rule which\nstates, in essence, that you cannot presume to know the intimate details of a\nthird person's mental state](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/2538/1628)\".\n\nI think this might be the reason ～たくないんじゃない has only three hits in the\n[Balanced Corpus of Contemporary Written\nJapanese](http://www.kotonoha.gr.jp/shonagon/) (of 1238 results for ～ないんじゃない\nand 6790 results for ～たくない).",
"comment_count": 1,
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"creation_date": "2018-02-10T19:07:51.723",
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| null |
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"body": "Is it more natural/popular to use ～てしまう form in a context of \"finish sth\ncompletely'' or \"do sth by accident''?\n\nI mean if I said a sentence like this:\n\n> ケーキを食べてしまった。\n\nWhat would a Japanese native speaker understand it as? I've learnt that ～てしまう\ncan mean both in this sentence:\n\n> I've eaten the whole cake\n\nor\n\n> Oops, I've eaten this cake unintentionally (I wasn't going to do that).\n\nWhat usage of ～てしまう form is more natural, what is used more often? Or maybe it\nall depends on the context?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-10T16:29:31.107",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56563",
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"last_edit_date": "2018-02-10T18:56:25.303",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "27635",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"usage",
"て-form",
"subsidiary-verbs"
],
"title": "Is it more natural/popular to use ～てしまう form in a context of \"finish sth completely'' or \"do sth by accident''?",
"view_count": 136
}
|
[
{
"body": "I think that it would be hard to argue that you can eat a cake\n'unintentionally', unless sleepwalking. I feel that, in this circumstance, the\nしまう expression is used to acknowledge the fact that they know that what they\ndid was wrong or unexpected and to show contrition or at least the appearance\nof contrition.\n\n> 'I ate a slice of cake (even though I'm on a diet).'\n>\n> 'I had a bite of your cake (while you were turned around, couldn't control\n> myself).'\n>\n> 'I ate the cake (that you're looking for in the fridge).'\n\nAll of these usages are equally valid.\n\nAs we cannot know from the context just how much cake was consumed it wouldn't\nbe correct to assume that it meant the 'whole cake'. Also, ケーキ can refer to a\nlarge cake with many servings, a single-serving of cake, or even just a bite.\nIt would be more likely that one would say 全部食べてしまいました if they ate the whole\nthing.\n\nThe use of ～てしまう/～ちゃう is extremely context-reliant and can be used in a myriad\nof ways. [Here is just one\nresource](http://maggiesensei.com/2010/09/14/request-\nlesson-%E3%81%A1%E3%82%83%E3%81%86%E3%81%A1%E3%82%83%E3%81%A3%E3%81%9Fchau-\nchatta/) to explain various usages.",
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56564
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"body": "A simple name cartouche 九郎判宦義経 uses '判宦' instead of '判官'. I assume it is\nsupposed to be read _Kurō Hōgan Yoshitsune_. Yoshitsune received the title\n_Kurō Hōgan_ (九郎 **判官** ) from the Imperial Court; sometimes you see his name\nwritten as _Minamoto Kurō Yoshitsune_ (源九郎義経) without the _Hōgan_ ; the term\n\"sympathy for a tragic hero,\" _Hōgan-biiki_ (判官贔屓) comes from Yoshitsune's\ntitle. Can anyone shed light on the 宦/官 substitution — is this common?\n\nIn general dictionary searches, I noted that _kangan_ 宦官 (かんがん) is the noun\nfor \"eunuch\". Assuming _Hō **gan**_ is correct, then is it a simple matter\nthat 宦 has a _kan_ かん sound (as evidenced in _**kan** gan_ 宦官) and a _gan_ がん\nsound (as evidenced in _Hō **gan**_ 判宦)?\n\nWiktionary gives the following readings for 宦:\n\nGoon: げん (gen)\n\nKan’on: かん (kan)\n\nKun: つかえる ( **tsuka** eru, 宦える); まなぶ (manabu)\n\nWiktionary gives the following readings for 官:\n\nGoon: かん (kan)\n\nKan’on: かん (kan)\n\nKun: つかさ (tsukasa, 官); おおやけ (ōyake, 官)\n\nElsewhere:\n\n宦 = \"official\", Kun: つかさ _tsukasa_ , On: カン\n\n官 = \"government service; the bureaucracy\", かん _kan_\n\n官 = \"office; official\", Archaism, つかさ _tsukasa_\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/kfW2Q.png)",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-11T01:39:18.733",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56568",
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"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "26637",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation",
"meaning",
"kanji",
"readings"
],
"title": "Use of '判宦' in 九郎判宦義経",
"view_count": 220
}
|
[] |
56568
| null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I found this ad/sticker in a restaurant, in a Philippine city where a large\nnumber of Japanese students study English.\n\n> 英語が伝わる楽しさをより多くの方へ\n\nI have no idea how to make of this statement.\n\nI understand the individual phrases/words but not why the sentence is formed\nas such.\n\n 1. 伝わる楽しさ: is this a common formation (ru verb+ noun)\n 2. Is there another way to say this sentence? (In japanese?)",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-11T02:12:38.557",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56569",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-11T05:17:34.320",
"last_edit_date": "2018-02-11T02:49:41.150",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "11033",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"syntax"
],
"title": "I don’t understand the structure of 英語が伝わる楽しさをより多くの方へ",
"view_count": 254
}
|
[
{
"body": "１．「英語が伝わる楽しさ」 is a noun phrase, where the relative clause 英語が伝わる (your English\nis understood) modifies 楽しさ (joy, pleasure). For \"Gapless relative clauses\",\nplease refer to [this post](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/14550/9831).\n\n「英語が伝わる楽しさ」 _lit._ joy where/when your English is understood → joy of making\nyourself understood in English\n\n「～～楽しさをより多くの方へ」 literally means \"joy (of ~~) to more people\". The predicate,\nor verb phrase (like 届けたい or 届けます perhaps?) is left out as implied. (This kind\nof omission is often used as a stylistic device in slogans, ads, lyrics,\nsong/film titles etc. e.g. 『アルジャーノンに花束を』『まごころを、君に。』)\n\n２． I would rephrase it as...\n\n「英語が伝わる（ことの）楽しさを、もっとたくさんの人たちへ（届けたいです / お届けします）。」 \n「英語が伝わる（ことの）楽しさを、もっとたくさんの人に（感じてもらいたいです）。」 \netc...",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-11T04:51:31.340",
"id": "56572",
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"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "56569",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
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| null |
56572
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "56571",
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"body": "I'm still learning japanese, so I'd like someone to help me with this, please!\n\nI can't understand the meaning of this phrase/expression:\n\n> そっちのケはないんじゃ\n\nI do understand the meaning of はないんじゃ, but I don't know what does \"そっちのケ\"\nmeans. Thanks in advance!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-11T02:50:32.150",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56570",
"last_activity_date": "2018-06-07T12:36:44.853",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "16138",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"meaning",
"sentence"
],
"title": "Help with ケ in this sentence/phrase?",
"view_count": 261
}
|
[
{
"body": "「そっちのケ」, or\n[「そのケ」](https://ejje.weblio.jp/content/%E3%81%9D%E3%81%AE%E3%82%B1),\n[「その[気]{け}」](http://jisho.org/search/%E3%81%9D%E3%81%AE%E6%B0%97%20%E3%81%9D%E3%81%AE%E3%81%91),\nis a euphemism for \"interest in the same gender\", \"homosexuality\".\n\nE.g. \nそっちのケがある → have an interest in the same gender \nそっちのケはない → have no interest in the same gender\n\nThe ケ comes from...\n\n> け【気】 \n>\n> 〘接尾〙《名詞、動詞の連用形、形容詞・形容動詞の語幹などに付いて》そのような様子・気配が感じられる意を表す。「[人気]{ひとけ}・毒気（どくけ/どっけ）・[食]{く}い[気]{け}・[寒気]{さむけ}」「[嫌気]{いやけ}がさす」▷「しゃれっけ」「商売っけ」のように促音「っ」がはいることもある。 \n> (明鏡国語辞典)",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-11T03:08:24.090",
"id": "56571",
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"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "56570",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 9
}
] |
56570
|
56571
|
56571
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "56575",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Very often I want to express an idea of \"X is implied in Y\", e.g.\n\n> Is \"I\" implied in the following sentence?\n\nGoogle translate tool offers the following:\n\n> 「私」は次の文で暗示されていますか？\n\nThree-part question:\n\n 1. Does Google translation correctly expresses the idea?\n\n 2. Is it possible to use the verb 仄めかす in this case?\n\n> 「私」は次の文で仄めかされていますか？\n\n 3. Is there a better way to express \"Is X implied in Y\"?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-11T06:30:01.347",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56573",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-11T09:08:05.140",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "3371",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"words",
"semantics"
],
"title": "Is there a Japanese universal verb for \"imply\"?",
"view_count": 161
}
|
[
{
"body": "１． I don't think 「『私』は次の文で暗示されていますか？」 is a very good translation for \"Is 'I'\nimplied in the following sentence?\".\n\n２． 「『私』は次の文で仄めかされていますか？」 doesn't sound too good to me, either.\n\n３． How about using 「[含意]{がんい}する/される」?\n\n> 「YにXは含意され（てい）ますか？」 \"Is X implied in Y?\" \n> 「YはXを含意し（てい）ますか？」 \"Does Y imply X?\"\n\n* * *\n\n> Is there a Japanese universal verb for “imply”?\n\nI don't think 含意する would be a universal word for \"imply\". I just think 含意する\nwould fit your example here.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-11T08:43:48.193",
"id": "56575",
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"last_edit_date": "2018-02-11T09:08:05.140",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "56573",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
56573
|
56575
|
56575
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "56579",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "俺相手なら なんでもいい みたいだった\n\nI am still learning Japanese so if my translation/understanding of this\nsentence is wrong please let me know, but I have translated part of this\nsentence to mean \"seemed like anything is fine\" And I know that this kanji 俺\ntranslates to I;me and this kanji 相手 translates to counterpart. But I need\nsome help understanding the ならpart of the sentence.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-11T07:36:00.057",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56574",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-11T12:57:57.470",
"last_edit_date": "2018-02-11T08:43:35.713",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "27610",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"translation",
"conditionals"
],
"title": "Usage of なら in this context 俺相手なら なんでもいい みたいだった",
"view_count": 119
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 「俺相手{おれあいて}なら なんでもいい みたいだった」\n\nWithout more context, it would be impossible to translate this sentence\nperfectly because Japanese is an extremely contextual language.\n\n「なら」 is a conditional conjunction -- \" ** _if_** \", \" ** _as long as_** \",\netc.\n\nSo, all I could come up with would be something like:\n\n> \"It seemed anything would do as long as it were done/performed\n> against/toward/with me.\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-11T12:57:57.470",
"id": "56579",
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"parent_id": "56574",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
56574
|
56579
|
56579
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "56578",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "During reading of some Japanese Wikipedia articles (e.g.\n[北上](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E4%B8%8A_\\(%E8%BB%BD%E5%B7%A1%E6%B4%8B%E8%89%A6\\)\n\"北上 \\(軽巡洋艦\\)\"),\n[重雷装艦](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E9%9B%B7%E8%A3%85%E8%89%A6)) I\nencountered the compound 雷装｛らいそう｝, which I have been unable to find a definite\nexplanation of.\n\nIn their descriptive texts you will find a lot of mentions of 魚雷｛ぎょらい｝.\nHowever, it seems that they (北上 and related ships) are a different type of\ntorpedo cruiser, since a torpedo cruiser generally gets called\n水雷巡洋艦｛すいらいじゅんようかん｝. The Wikipedia text on 重雷装艦｛じゅうらいそうかん｝ seems to indicate\nthese were remodelled torpedo cruisers into light torpedo cruisers. Did I\nunderstand that correctly?\n\nBut that still leaves the question open: is 雷装 a synonym for 魚雷, maybe in a\nsimilar style how 魚雷 took over from 魚形水雷｛ぎょけいすいらい｝?\n\nAny additional hints or explanations about etymology very much appreciated.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-11T09:41:42.697",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56576",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-11T12:40:15.107",
"last_edit_date": "2018-02-11T09:47:31.667",
"last_editor_user_id": "685",
"owner_user_id": "685",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"words",
"kanji",
"etymology",
"history"
],
"title": "Is 雷装 a synonym for 魚雷?",
"view_count": 255
}
|
[
{
"body": "No, it's not a synonym.\n\n雷装 is short for 魚雷装備 or 雷撃装備, torpedo-attached/rigged/equipped/mounted.\nAccording to Wikipedia, Kitakami was originally built as a 軽巡洋艦, light crusing\nship (not torpedo cruiser). In August-September 1942, they converted it into\n重雷装艦, heavy torpedo-attached ship (removed 3 main guns, rigged with 40 torpedo\nlauncher).\n\n * 地雷 : land mine\n * 水雷 : underwater bomb\n * 機雷 : short for 機械水雷, machine underwater bomb, naval mine\n * 魚雷 : short for 魚形水雷, fish-shaped underwater bomb, torpedo\n * 雷撃 : 攻撃 by using 魚雷 , torpedo attack\n * 装備 : equipment, (act of) equipping or equipped\n * 装備する : to equip, to rig, to mount\n * 雷装 : short for 魚雷装備 or 雷撃装備, torpedo-equipping or torpedo-equipped\n * 爆弾 : bomb\n * 爆撃 : aerial bombing\n * 爆装 : short for 爆撃装備, aerial-bomb-equipping or aerial-bomb-equipped",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-11T12:40:15.107",
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}
] |
56576
|
56578
|
56578
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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I don’t know how to write or pronounce it but I was watching a Japanese movie\nand one person goes ‘nokuseni’ which I think roughly translates to ‘even\nthough’? Or something negative? I know it’s vague but I watched the movie long\nago and I don’t remember the whole sentence. And I remembered the word last\nnight and I’ve been trying to figure out what it means.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-11T12:37:46.400",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56577",
"last_activity_date": "2018-03-15T06:42:28.813",
"last_edit_date": "2018-03-15T06:42:28.813",
"last_editor_user_id": "7705",
"owner_user_id": "27687",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation",
"spelling"
],
"title": "What’s the correct Hiragana/Kanji for ‘nokuseni’",
"view_count": 532
}
|
[
{
"body": "The content should be \"の癖{くせ}に。\"\n\n「癖に」 is used after the attributive form or の to express \"although\".\n\nIn your sentence, before the の is supposed to be a substantive.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-11T13:00:06.317",
"id": "56580",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-12T08:14:56.653",
"last_edit_date": "2018-02-12T08:14:56.653",
"last_editor_user_id": "27613",
"owner_user_id": "27613",
"parent_id": "56577",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "The word is ‘kuse ni’ (くせに), in this usage almost exclusively written in\nhiragana.\n\nNot to be confused with 癖 (kuse) (a habit; a particular personal trait).\n\nThe definition is ‘despite or ‘in spite (of)’, with ‘spite’ being the\noperative factor.\n\nExpresses a sense of incredulousness at words or actions which seem\nincongruous or facetious. Oftentimes either showing or feigning anger or\ndisapproval.\n\nOften the expression after ‘kuse ni’ is dropped, as it is heavily inferred.\n\nSituations where it would be appropriate to use ‘kuse ni’:\n\n> Due to nepotism, someone gets promoted to manager only a week after hire,\n> despite not demonstrating sufficient qualification.\n>\n> 新任｛しんにん｝のくせに… ‘Despite being a new staff member!?’\n>\n> * * *\n>\n> Someone joins you for dinner, eats twice as much as you do, then insists on\n> splitting the bill evenly.\n>\n> 俺｛おれ｝の二倍｛にばい｝食｛く｝ったくせに… ‘Even though you ate twice as much as me!??’\n\nOther examples:\n\n何｛なん｝にも知｛し｝らないくせに A fat lot you know about it! (literally: Even though you\ndon’t know anything)\n\n知っているくせに ‘Even though you know it (you’re going to act like you don’t?).\n\n男のくせに泣く ‘Cry despite being a man’",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-11T16:10:04.363",
"id": "56582",
"last_activity_date": "2018-03-15T03:03:29.260",
"last_edit_date": "2018-03-15T03:03:29.260",
"last_editor_user_id": "27280",
"owner_user_id": "27280",
"parent_id": "56577",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] |
56577
| null |
56582
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm trying to write \"this is not a praise/compliment.\" I consulted my friend\nabout it and he said I wrote \"I'm not praising you!\" Like I'm being\ndefensive... what do you think?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-11T13:11:43.810",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56581",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-14T00:28:16.457",
"last_edit_date": "2018-02-11T16:15:45.217",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "26968",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation",
"nuances",
"colloquial-language",
"aspect"
],
"title": "褒めてねえぞ sounds defensive?",
"view_count": 142
}
|
[
{
"body": "The expression 褒めてねえぞ would be used following a statement which the other\nparty could have misinterpreted criticism as praise and you want to clarify\nyour intent. In this sense, it can seem defensive.\n\n「褒め言葉じゃないんですが、」 or 「褒めてるわけじゃないけど、」 would seem more appropriate if you want to\nlead your sentence with 'This is not praise/a compliment'.\n\nWithout more context, it would be difficult to tell whether this would be the\nmost appropriate expression to use.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-11T16:30:47.833",
"id": "56586",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-14T00:28:16.457",
"last_edit_date": "2018-02-14T00:28:16.457",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "27280",
"parent_id": "56581",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
56581
| null |
56586
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "56587",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "It's a dialogue from a game. Two girls talk about breast.\n\n> ニーナ:「あー‥アースラさんって意外に‥‥\n>\n> アースラ:「ふん‥‥ 大きいから **どうだと言うものでも、ない** がな‥\n\nI know that どうだ means \"how; in what way\" and と言うものでもない means \"doesn't mean\nthat; it's not (true) that; not necessarily\", but what is どうだと言うものでもない?\n\nMy attempt - they’re big, but it doesn’t mean anything, though..",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-11T16:19:12.727",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56584",
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"last_editor_user_id": "37097",
"owner_user_id": "27689",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "What does どうだと言うものでもない mean?",
"view_count": 239
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 「どう（だ）と言うものでもない」\n\nis a fairly common colloquial phrase meaning:\n\n> \"It's nothing special.\", \"It's no big deal.\", etc.\n\nSo, it seems you've got the gist of it.\n\n> \"Just because my boobs are big, it's no big deal, really.\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-11T16:36:23.110",
"id": "56587",
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"parent_id": "56584",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
56584
|
56587
|
56587
|
{
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"answer_count": 1,
"body": "What is the 'z' in kana character?\n\nThe context cartoon\nimage:[https://www.pixiv.net/member_illust.php?mode=manga&illust_id=66989588](https://www.pixiv.net/member_illust.php?mode=manga&illust_id=66989588)\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/WXPL1.png)",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-11T16:24:21.123",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56585",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-22T01:21:25.513",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "27690",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"kana"
],
"title": "What is the 'z' in kana character?",
"view_count": 422
}
|
[
{
"body": "It says:\n\n> 「でろーーーん・・・」\n\nThere is no \"z\" in it.\n\n「でろん/デロン」 is an onomatopoeia used to describe something flabby, pliable, soft,\netc. Just think of Gudetama.\n\nSynonymous onomatopoeias would be 「グニャグニャ」、「グネグネ」, etc.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-11T16:49:19.993",
"id": "56588",
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"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
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"parent_id": "56585",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 7
}
] |
56585
| null |
56588
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "56591",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I've been playing some Fire Emblem recently and I noticed that the English\ntranslation for ドラゴンナイト is Wyvern Rider. My initial guess that there wasn't a\nword for Wyvern in Japanese was wrong though as ワイバーン exists. So I was\nwondering what the nuance and difference between the two in Japanese is along\nwith what differences there are with 竜.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-11T18:31:35.770",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56590",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-11T19:13:47.897",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10045",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"word-choice"
],
"title": "ドラゴン vs. ワイバーン vs. 竜",
"view_count": 181
}
|
[
{
"body": "龍 or the simplified 竜 both represent dragons, but not necessarily occidental\nones. Since there are differences between Eastern and Western ideas of dragons\n(some relatively minor, some major) it is good to keep these separate.\n\nドラゴン would be a medieval European image of a dragon (LOTR, GoT). A wyvern is\nconsidered smaller, with two legs instead of four, without the intelligence or\nspecial properties normally reserved for dragons. A beastly lesser cousin of\nthe dragon.\n\nIn Japan, the distinction between dragon and wyvern is likely unclear for most\npeople, and the word wyvern is much lesser known. Likely for this reason the\noriginal naming chose 'dragon'. As wyvern is relatively better known among\nEnglish speakers, however, the translation reflected this.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-11T19:13:47.897",
"id": "56591",
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"score": 4
}
] |
56590
|
56591
|
56591
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "56593",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I would like to know the pronunciation of \"何\" in the following clause:\n\n子供に頼まれていることは、何かという質問に対してご返答致します。\n\nIs it なに or なん?\n\nI am wondering because the pronunciation of 何 can change.\n\n子供に何（なに）が頼まれているのかという質問に対してご返答致します。\n\n子供に頼まれていることは、何（なん）でしょうか。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-11T21:03:24.163",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56592",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-11T21:53:19.990",
"last_edit_date": "2018-02-11T21:09:54.410",
"last_editor_user_id": "20328",
"owner_user_id": "20328",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"pronunciation"
],
"title": "Pronunciation of 何",
"view_count": 112
}
|
[
{
"body": "In this case, 「何」 in 「子供に頼まれていることは、何かという質問に対してご返答致します。」is pronounced なに.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-11T21:08:20.663",
"id": "56593",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-11T21:53:19.990",
"last_edit_date": "2018-02-11T21:53:19.990",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "11369",
"parent_id": "56592",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
56592
|
56593
|
56593
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "56595",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> 米田さんによると、その可能性は **高いものの** 、Ｈ５普通コンドライトは地球で **もっとも多く**\n> 見つかる隕石で、八王子隕石が偶然曽根隕石と同じ種類だった可能性もあるということです。\n> ([source](https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/web_tokushu/2018_0202.html?utm_int=news_contents_news-\n> closeup_002))\n\nMy attempt at translation:\n\n> According to Mr. Yoneda (?), Concerning the possibilities, out of the\n> meteorites which are discovered more abundantly on earth (??? H5 ordinary\n> chondrite of expensive things???), there is also the possibility that\n> hachioji meteorite is similar to the Sone meteorite type.\n\nI am profoundly puzzled by the parts in bold. Furthermore, I'm having a really\nhard time parsing the その可能性は **高いものの** 、Ｈ５普通コンドライトは地球で **もっとも多く** 見つかる隕石で\npart. First, there are two は and while I know both the topic marker and\ncontrastive function, I'm lacking the creativity and skill to meaningfully\nresolve their functions in this sentence. I chose the のなかで interpretation for\nで in 見つかる隕石で because I find a way to translate it otherwise. I also have no\nidea what 高いものの、Ｈ５普通コンドライト is supposed to tell me, so tried to make the best\nout of it.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-11T22:27:09.880",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56594",
"last_activity_date": "2021-10-12T00:01:09.630",
"last_edit_date": "2021-10-12T00:01:09.630",
"last_editor_user_id": "30454",
"owner_user_id": "20172",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "米田さんによると、その可能性は高いものの、Ｈ５普通コンドライトは地球でもっとも多く見つかる隕石で、八王子隕石が偶然曽根隕石と同じ種類だった可能性もあるということです",
"view_count": 107
}
|
[
{
"body": "ものの is a disjunctive. It means “but” or “however.” For whatever reason,\nJapanese is very rich in disjunctives!\n\nSo you’re looking at two separate clauses, and that’s why you find two はs.\n\nもっとも (sometimes written in kanji as 最も) is a more formal way of saying 一番. So\nもっとも多く見つかる means “most commonly found.”\n\nThe で following this clause is simply the copula in て form.\n\nDoes this get you all the way to the translation?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-11T23:09:23.173",
"id": "56595",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-11T23:09:23.173",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "25413",
"parent_id": "56594",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] |
56594
|
56595
|
56595
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "56597",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "For full context:\n<https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/web_tokushu/2018_0202.html?utm_int=news_contents_news-\ncloseup_002>\n\nThe sentence in question: \"残念ながら八王子隕石と特定はできませんでしたが、研究グループは、引き続き八王子隕石の実態の解明に挑\n**みたいとしていて** 、一般の市民に、自宅に隕石のような石がないか、情報提供を呼びかけています。\"\n\nMy attempt at translation: \"Im afraid to say that concerning hachioji\nmeteorite and the specification, though we cant do it the research group\ntrying to continously try to tackle the elucidation of the true state of\nhachioji meteorite appeals to the general public for the provision of\ninformation if there is a stone like a meteorite in the house.\"\n\nI don't know what to make of this みたいとしていて. I read that \"volitional+とする\" means\n\"to attempt to\", but usually volitional form means the よう-forms. みたい is also\nsomehow volitional, but I couldnt find anything whether it can act in analogy\nto ようform+とする",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-11T23:10:22.907",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56596",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-12T01:40:44.140",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20172",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Is this volitional +とする?",
"view_count": 326
}
|
[
{
"body": "How about parsing it this way:\n\n> Sentence 1: （残念ながら）八王子隕石と特定はできませんでしたが、\n>\n> Sentence 2:\n> 研究グループは、『引き続き八王子隕石の実態の解明に挑みたい』としていて、一般の市民に、（自宅に隕石のような石がないか、）情報提供を呼びかけています。\n\nIn Sentence 2,\n\nSubject = 研究グループ the research group \nVerb 1 = していて say \nVerb 2 = 呼びかけています appeal\n\n* * *\n\n> 研究グループは、『引き続き八王子隕石の実態の解明に挑みたい』としていて\n\n挑みたい is the desiderative form (たい-form) of 挑む. \nと is quotative, and して(<する) means \"They say...\". This ～～とする is often used in\nnews reporting.\n\n* * *\n\n> （残念ながら）八王子隕石 **と** 特定はできませんでしたが、\n\nThe と doesn't mean \"and\". 「XXをYYと特定する」 means \"identify XX as YY\", so\n「XXをYYと特定(は)できませんでした/できなかった」 means \"couldn't identify XX as YY\". \n\"Unfortunately, they couldn't identify it (= the stone) as a Hachioji\nmeteorite, but...\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-12T01:18:45.380",
"id": "56597",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-12T01:40:44.140",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "56596",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] |
56596
|
56597
|
56597
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "56612",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "So lets say that I'm going through my Japanese textbook, and I'm I see a page\nof vocabulary. This page of vocabulary contains such words as:\n\n> 寝る｛ねる｝ (to sleep)\n>\n> 晩｛ばん｝御｛ご｝飯｛はん｝ (Dinner)\n\nThe kanji in 寝る is not taught until middle school, and neither is 御. 晩 is not\ntaught until the 6th grade. The textbook that I am currently using is an\nintroductory one. As such, I am familiar with very few kanji, and certainly\nnot these ones. If I was an elementary schooler in Japan, how would I go about\nlearning these terms that are quite ubiquitous in everyday speech? Would I\njust learn the kana for them, and then learn how to write them properly down\nthe line? Or would I learn to write the word with kanji without actually\nknowing what the kanji mean?\n\n**Background:** I'm making flash cards right now and I'm trying to figure out\nif I should just learn the kana forms or if I should try to memorize the words\nas Kanji + Kana forms and simply learn the meanings of the kanji later.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-12T01:35:09.077",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56598",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-13T21:26:32.203",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "27628",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"kanji"
],
"title": "How do schools teach Japanese words that use a higher-level kanji than the learner is familiar with?",
"view_count": 460
}
|
[
{
"body": "It's common for words to be taught partially in kanji and partially in kana in\nelementary school. The students may know the reading of common words like 晩御飯,\nso they are able to use the word in conversation. But they may not be able to\nwrite the full kanji forms of words until they cover it in class. The kanji\nlists which are taught each year are standardized by the Ministry of\nEducation.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-12T10:56:36.047",
"id": "56605",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-12T10:56:36.047",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "25875",
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"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "_This is mostly a suggestion rather than an answer but is too long to post as\na comment and is meant to provide a reasonable point of view, not a hard\nfact._\n\nI suggest you learn the word with the Kanji as is, and worry about learning\nthe individual meaning of the Kanji later.\n\nPart of the reason I suggest this is because when you know that the Kanji\nbelongs in the word, it becomes easier to read text whenever this word\nappears. As you study more Kanji, you acquire a sense of deduction/reduction\nwhen it comes to tracing possible meanings to Kanji that over time, you might\nfigure it out.\n\nFor example, take 晩御飯 as a good example. Suppose you learn/already know that 晩\nis evening, and 飯 is meal. You might not know that 御 is an honorific yet, but\nthat doesn't subtract from the fact that the word 晩御飯 is _dinner_. However, if\nyou know that 御飯｛ごはん｝ is always in a word about a meal, but you begin to learn\nthat the Kanji 御 shows up in words and phrases like 御茶｛おちゃ｝and 御嬢{おじょう}さん, you\nmight make the inference that it is probably an honorific prefix (which it\nis). You didn't need to research to know that that Kanji holds this meaning\nand words that contain it likely have that meaning.\n\nThe other part of the reason is that, sometimes, you will find compound Kanji\nwords that utilize Kanji in a way that do not line up with the Kanji's\nindividual meaning. Oftentimes this is because the Kanji exists solely to\nprovide the sound for the word, and not to provide meaning to the word. It\nmight sound like a contradiction, but in reality, learning the individual\nKanji does not guarantee that you will be able to know the proper vocabulary\nfor things. As a matter of fact, focusing on just learning Kanji will probably\nrender you less able to use the vocabulary that most people use, and you'll\nsound visibly non-native.\n\nLikewise, it's just as important to know when a Kanji can be written in just\nKana, and whether most people do that or not. It won't come as a curveball to\nread 晩御飯 even if you yourself, as do most people, write it 晩ご飯 instead, or 御茶\nas お茶, for example.\n\nAs I mentioned before, you absolutely should learn the Kanji, but you may want\nto wait before you delve in learning all of the possible readings and its\nsingular meaning, if the context is beyond you at the moment. My personal rule\nof thumb is, if the Kanji shows up in more than 3 vocabulary words that you\nshould know, it's probably time to investigate the individual meaning of the\nKanji, and try and understand what inherent connection there is between the\nthree (or more) words that feature the same Kanji.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-13T01:23:11.260",
"id": "56612",
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] |
56598
|
56612
|
56612
|
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I am really despairing. Recently, I was forwarded a link by my Japanese\ncolleague. It is about the proper use of \"は\" and \"が\".\n\n<https://www.alc.co.jp/jpn/article/faq/03/19.html>\n\nWhat is stated here, turns my world upside down. According to the link, the\nproper usage of \"は\" and \"が\" heavily depends on whether these are used in a\nverbal clause (動詞文) or in an adjective (形容詞文) respectively noun clause (名詞文) .\n\n**1) Noun Clause (名詞文)**\n\n佐藤さんは社長です。\n\nTalking about Satou-san, he is a company president. (Maybe, Tanaka-san is a\nsoccer player.)\n\n佐藤さんが社長です。\n\nTalking about the company president, it is Satou-san. (and not Tanaka-san)\n\n**2) Adjective Clause (形容詞文)**\n\n佐藤さんはやさしい。\n\nTalking about Satou-san, he is a kind person. (Maybe, Tanaka-san is sporty.)\n\n佐藤さんがやさしい。\n\nYou want to know, who is kind? It is Satou-san. (and not e.g. somebody else of\nthis group)\n\n**3) Verbal Clause (動詞文)** ????Contrary to my assumptions????\n\n佐藤さんが来た。\n\nTalking about Satou-san, he a came. (Maybe, Tanaka-san is still on the way.)\n????\n\n佐藤さんは来た。\n\nThe person who came is Satou-san. (and not e.g. Tanaka-san) ????\n\nHopefully, there is a misinterpretation from my side. Maybe, someone can give\na comment on what is stated in the link above.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-12T02:17:05.597",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56599",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-12T10:42:58.343",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "20328",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"particle-は"
],
"title": "Proper Use of \"は\" and \"が\" Noun",
"view_count": 463
}
|
[
{
"body": "I don't think the actual distinction here is between noun/adjective/verbal\nclauses. It's easy to think of verbal clauses that behave in exactly the same\nway as the noun and adjective clauses listed, eg.\n\n> 佐藤さんはワインを飲んでいます。 \n> 佐藤さんは毎日映画を見ます。\n\nIn these cases, は is the neutral choice, and rephrasing them to use が would\nindicate a specific question being answered (\"who is drinking wine?\" or \"who\nwatches movies every day?\") in the same way as the noun and adjective clauses\nmentioned.\n\nThe reason why 佐藤さんが来た behaves differently is because when talking about\nsomeone arriving, they're usually not yet a natural topic of conversation.\nIt's unlikely that two speakers happened to feel like discussing Satou-san\nand, as an extension of that conversation, decided to mention that he just\narrived. More likely is that Satou-san just arrived, and this is why he is\nsuddenly brought up. As such, が is generally used in this sentence, because\none of the main functions of が is to introduce new information.\n\nIncidentally, if two speakers _were_ talking about Satou-san and decided to\nmention that he arrived as part of that discussion, using は would be perfectly\nnatural, eg. 「佐藤さんっていつも来るのが遅いよね。」「あ、佐藤さんは今来たみたいだよ？」 In fact, in a case like\nthis, using が would be strange, because it would imply that the subject has\nchanged even though it has not.\n\nAlso, in your question you seem to assume that changing the が to a は in\n佐藤さんが来た has the _same effect_ as changing the は to a が in the given\nnoun/adjective clauses, but this is not the case at all. When using が instead\nof は in (for instance) 佐藤さんが社長です, this emphasises \"It is _Satou-san_ who is\nthe president.\", as if to answer the question \"Who is the president?\"\n\nBut when using は instead of が in 佐藤さんは来た, this does not mean \"It is _Satou-\nsan_ who came\", and cannot answer the question \"Who was the person that came?\"\n(In both of these cases, が would still be the correct choice.) Rather it means\n\"Well, as for _Satou-san_ , he came...\", with an implied contrast to other\npossible topics (people who may not have come). This sentiment is always\nexpressed using は, never が.\n\nFor instance, consider the following usages:\n\n> 「お前は何で来なかったの？佐藤さんは来たよ！」 \n> 「お前は何でまだ社長になっていないの？佐藤さんはもう社長だよ！」\n\nRegardless of what type of sentence we're dealing with, this kind of\n_contrastive_ usage always requires は. The difference is that the 佐藤さんは社長だ\nuses は by default, so when seen in isolation it doesn't necessarily seem like\na contrastive usage, whereas 佐藤さんは来た uses が by default, so there must be some\nother reason such as this contrastive usage to justify the use of は instead.\n\nIn other words, both 佐藤さんは来た and 佐藤さんが社長だ imply some kind of special emphasis,\nbut this is only because they are both different from the default form you\nwould expect from that sentence. The _type_ of emphasis is completely\ndifferent. Some types of emphasis require は, and others require が, and this\noverrides whatever the default usage would be.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-12T10:42:58.343",
"id": "56603",
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"last_edit_date": null,
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"score": 4
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56599
| null |
56603
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "56601",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "> それが私にとっての「写真を撮る」という行為の大前提だったし、いまでもそうだ。\n> 撮れた写真の背後には、膨大な量の、思うように撮れなかった写真や、シャッターを切る勇気がなく、存在すらできなかった写真がある。写真は偶然に撮れるが、撮れなかった写真に偶然はない。逆に、撮れなかった写真にこそ、撮る人間の本質が隠されている。\n> デジタルの世界は私たちの目の前に、「 **消しますか？ あなたが望むなら、なかったことにできますよ** 」という禁断の選択を提示する。\n\nMay I know what bolded sentence actually means?\n\n> My attempted translation: Do you want to erase it? If you wish to, you can\n> do something that you have not done.\n\nBut this sounds a little bit illogical, how can one do something that he/she\nhas not done? Did I misunderstand the sentence?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-12T03:08:14.073",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56600",
"last_activity_date": "2020-03-15T03:08:01.580",
"last_edit_date": "2018-02-12T04:02:23.673",
"last_editor_user_id": "27310",
"owner_user_id": "27310",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "なかったこと in なかったことにできますよ",
"view_count": 345
}
|
[
{
"body": "今までなかったこと is something that hasn't existed or happened before.\n\nEssentially, なかったこと would be something that didn't exist. So, なかったことにする would\nmean 'to make it so that it didn't exist.'\n\n> 「消しますか？ あなたが望むなら、なかったことにできますよ」\n\nShall we erase it? If you want, we can make it so that (it is like) it was\nnever there.\n\nA couple examples can be found\n[here](https://ejje.weblio.jp/content/%E7%84%A1%E3%81%8B%E3%81%A3%E3%81%9F%E3%81%93%E3%81%A8%E3%81%AB%E3%81%99%E3%82%8B).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-12T04:02:37.307",
"id": "56601",
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{
"body": "～～ことにする is a phrase that means \"to regard it as~~\" \"to pretend that~~\". \ncf: See 「～～ということにできる」 in [this\nthread](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/53808/9831). Also 「～～ことになる」\nexplained in [this thread](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/17963/9831)\nmight be loosely related. \n(As you may know, ～～ことにする can also mean \"decide to do~~\".)\n\n> こと \n> ❽㋑活用語を名詞化する。... \n> （語法）(1)「こと」は文法的に働くだけで、何らかの意味を追加するわけではない。(2) この応用として、次のような助動詞相当に働く連語がある。⇒\n> ... **・・・ことにする** （意思に基づく決定。また、 **みなし行為** 。）・・・ことになる（事態の成立・口裏合わせ・必然的結論など） \n> (明鏡国語辞典)\n\nSo in your example:\n\n> なかったことにできますよ。 \n> \"We can pretend that it never happened/existed.\" → \"We can undo it.\"\n\nExamples:\n\n> * 「今のは聞かなかった **ことにして** 。」 \n> \"Please pretend you didn't hear that.\" → \"Forget what I just said.\" \"I'll\n> take back my word.\"\n> * 「今回の契約はなかった **ことにしてください** 。」 \n> \"Please pretend the contract never existed.\" → \"I want to annul/cancel the\n> contract.\" \"Please forget the contract.\"\n> * 「見なかった **ことにしよう** ・・・。」 \n> \"I'll pretend I didn't see this...\" (≂ \"I'll just forget/ignore this...\")\n>",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-12T04:48:19.107",
"id": "56602",
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56600
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56601
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56602
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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
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"body": "When addressing a superior, I've often heard people saying お疲れ様でございます, but\nでございます is a 謙譲語 form. Since they are talking about how hard their superior\nworked, shouldn't the phrase be transformed to 尊敬語, ie お疲れ様でいらっしゃいます.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-12T10:45:00.883",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56604",
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"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "25875",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"keigo"
],
"title": "Shouldn't お疲れ様でございます be お疲れ様でいらっしゃいます？",
"view_count": 157
}
|
[
{
"body": "ございます is not a 謙譲語 by itself. It's just a 丁寧語, something more politer than\nです/ます. Sometimes (で)いらっしゃいます is better as a 尊敬語 word, but I have never heard\nお疲れ様でいらっしゃいます, presumably because お疲れ itself is not a human being.\nこちらは先生でいらっしゃいます is fine, but こちらは先生のお財布でいらっしゃいます sounds funny.\n\nBy the way, I feel お疲れ様でございます is already uncommon, and no one around me\nactually use it. But this should depend on where you work at.",
"comment_count": 11,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-12T11:17:53.913",
"id": "56606",
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"score": 4
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56604
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56606
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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "```\n\n どう、教えたつり場には行ってみてみたー？\n \n```\n\nIs it use to emphasize てみる?",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-12T14:26:55.580",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56608",
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"owner_user_id": "27689",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "What does みてみた mean here?",
"view_count": 1415
}
|
[
{
"body": "みてみる is a set expression fairly equivalent in meaning to the colloquial\nEnglish: ‘look and see’ or 'check out'.\n\nThe first みる denotes basic physical observation with the eyes. The second\nindicates an evaluation of what was seen.\n\nTake the simple expression 見たいです. This means ‘I want to see (it). Contrast\nthis with the expression 見てみたいです. This would be closer to ‘I want to check it\nout’ (physically observe and evaluate it).\n\n> どう、教えたつり場には行ってみてみたー？\n>\n> How is it, did you go and check out the fishing spot that I told you about?\n\n行きたいです I want to go 行ってみたいです I want to go (and check it out)\n\nJust as the English word ‘see’ has different definitions, (to perceive to the\neye; to examine or watch), so does みる. Look can be considered in some cases a\nsynonym for see, but they both have different separate meanings. Hence, the\n'look and see' expression makes sense and is not redundant.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-12T18:08:47.150",
"id": "56609",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-12T18:15:04.963",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
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"score": 3
},
{
"body": "> 行ってみてみた\n\nAt first, I thought it was a typo as is written in naruto's comment, but I\nfound a lot of same examples as follows on the Internet:\n\n * 本屋に **行ってみてみた** んですが、高校参考書ほど充実はしていないんですね。\n * 先日アンチャーテッドエルドラドの秘宝を買おうと、店に **行ってみてみた** のですが、トロフィー機能がついてなかった？です。\n * 公式ホームページに **行ってみてみた** んだけど、ニケが13歳でククリが12歳って本当っすか・・・・。\n * 日本で調べたり、海外投資セミナーで話を聞いて頭の中にイメージしていたものと現地に **行ってみてみた** ものではかなり雰囲気が違います。\n * あの撮影の後、二度ほど **行ってみてみた** のだけどなんか響くものが無くてね もっと勉強しなおしかなさて大阪着いたので肉を食べてくるよ。\n * 友達にも家族にも相談も出来ず、新宿にも **行ってみてみた** 。\n * 一体これはどのような建物なのか、最終日そばまで **行ってみてみた** のですが？\n\nIn Japanese there are expressions \"行って **みる** \" and \"見て **みる** \" for \"行く\" and\n\"見る\" respectively.\n\n\"みる\" in the above expressions is defined in jisho.org\n[here](https://jisho.org/search/%E3%81%BF%E3%82%8B) as:\n\n> 5. to try; to try out; to test \n> Usually written using kana alone, usu. after a conative verb as 〜てみる \n> もう一度{いちど}着｛き｝てみていいですか。 _May I put it on again?_\n>\n\nI think that \"行ってみてみる\" has a nuance that \"行ってみる\" and \"見てみる\" are said all\ntogether.\n\nAlthough \"行ってみてみる\" certainly feels somewhat weird at the first time, there is\na certain expression that \"行ってみてみ\" that is close to \"行ってみてみる\". Furthermore,\ntheir polite expressions \"行ってみてご覧（なさい） _Try to go and see, please._ \" or\n\"行ってみてきてご覧（なさい）\" are relatively common expressions.\n\nAs another interpretation of \"行ってみてみる\", \"行ってみる\" is originally constructed of\n\"行く + みる\", but as it is used too commonly as if one word, we casually attach\n\"みる\" as the definition in the above dictionary and try to emphasize the\nmeaning of \"行ってみる\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-13T10:48:00.217",
"id": "56619",
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] |
56608
| null |
56609
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "56615",
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "> 私は左手にけがをした。 \n> 私は左手をけがした。\n\nAre both correct?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-13T01:20:40.307",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56611",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-13T02:41:38.810",
"last_edit_date": "2018-02-13T02:41:38.810",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "27223",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"word-choice",
"particles"
],
"title": "～にけがをする versus ～をけがする",
"view_count": 246
}
|
[
{
"body": "\"私は左手にけがをした\" means that your left hand was injured. \"私は左手をけがした\" means you\ninjured your left hand. Similar meaning, left hand is injured in both, but the\nfocus of blame is different. Both are correct.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-13T01:58:37.073",
"id": "56613",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-13T02:22:15.790",
"last_edit_date": "2018-02-13T02:22:15.790",
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"owner_user_id": "27614",
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"score": 1
},
{
"body": "Yes both are correct, and have the same meaning. Unless otherwise specified,\nboth usually mean your left hand was injured in an accident.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-13T02:20:21.433",
"id": "56614",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-13T02:32:41.900",
"last_edit_date": "2018-02-13T02:32:41.900",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
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{
"body": "They are both correct.\n\nAs you can see in [this J-J dictionary\nentry](https://kotobank.jp/word/%E6%80%AA%E6%88%91-489585#E5.A4.A7.E8.BE.9E.E6.9E.97.20.E7.AC.AC.E4.B8.89.E7.89.88),\n[怪我]{けが} can be _a noun_ and _a する-verb_ , so you can say for example:\n\n> 「彼は事故で腕 **に** 怪我 **を** した。」(← 怪我 is a noun) \n> 「彼は事故で腕 **を** 怪我した。」(← 怪我 is a suru-verb) \n> \"He injured his arm in an/the accident.\"\n\nThe only difference that I can feel is... the latter sounds just a little bit\nmore casual/less formal than the former.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-13T02:30:31.200",
"id": "56615",
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}
] |
56611
|
56615
|
56615
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "56618",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "In real life, if I were to meet a stranger who is a young woman around my age\nin Japan, how would I--a man--call her without knowing her name? For instance,\nhow should I say, \"Excuse me, miss, you're up (in a queue).\"\n\nA search on the Internet turned up one result dominantly--お姉さん.\n\nHowever, from memory I believe I've heard another term (if not more often) in\nJapanese films and anime--お嬢さん.\n\nSomehow I feel calling any random young lady on the street お姉さん slightly off.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-13T08:29:39.063",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56616",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-13T11:02:34.543",
"last_edit_date": "2018-02-13T11:02:34.543",
"last_editor_user_id": "27674",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"usage",
"nuances",
"spoken-language",
"daily-life"
],
"title": "How do I address a young lady properly in person?",
"view_count": 871
}
|
[
{
"body": "\"お姉さん\" would work just fine, or if you are doing it for a job \"お客様\" there are\nmany ways to indirectly reference someone. The best way I have found in\ninformal situations is to insinuate your intentions, get their attention via\ngesture or \"済みません\", if they are busy \"ちょっといいですか?\", then state your intended\nquestion or start a conversation. If you wish to know their name just ask them\n\"お名前は何ですか\" and then refer to them as such.",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-13T09:25:05.180",
"id": "56618",
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] |
56616
|
56618
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56618
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{
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"body": "I was having some doubts about the usage of のに with verb of motion. The book\nI'm using, \"a dictionary of basic japanese grammar\", says that in case of verb\nof motion the のに form contrasts with the form verb in 連用形 plus a verb of\nmotion. Thus, the book states that both these two sentences are fine, but the\nsecond one implies that the speaker made a lot out of the entire process or\nthat it was not worth it.\n\n1)映画を見に銀座へ行った。 2)映画を見るのに銀座へ行った。\n\nHowever, to me the second sentence does not make much sense and it seems\nrather unnatural. I would have made it: 映画を見るには銀座へ行った。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-13T09:04:33.003",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56617",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-14T01:45:40.030",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "25880",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Usage of のに with verb of motion",
"view_count": 209
}
|
[
{
"body": "> 1)「映画{えいが}を見{み} **に** 銀座{ぎんざ}へ行った。」\n>\n> 2)「映画を見る **のに** 銀座へ行った。」\n>\n> 3)「映画を見る **には** 銀座へ行った。」\n\n**Sentence 1)** is the most neutral and thus most versatile; It is stress-free\nall by itself. It requires no particular context or situation to be used in.\n\"Someone went to Ginza to see a movie.\"\n\n**Sentence 2)** lacks that neutrality almost completely. It requires a\nparticular context/situation for it to sound completely natural. More\nspecifically, one would need to make an \"extra effort\" to get to Ginza such as\nhaving to take three trains and a bus (and in heavy rain on top of that) just\nto see the movie. For that reason, one would tend to expect qualifying words\nadded into the sentence as in:\n\n「映画を見るのに **わざわざ** 銀座 **まで** 行った。」 \"took the trouble to go all the way to\nGinza\"\n\n「映画を見るのに **３時間もかけて** 銀座 **まで** 行った。」 \"by taking three long hours\"\n\n**Sentence 3)** is not grammatical so it does not make much sense. To use\n「Verb + には」 corrrectly, it must be followed by a phrase describing some kind\nof necessity or prerequisite for performing the action. The plain verb phrase\n「銀座へ行った」 is not one of those phrases, but by altering it to 「銀座へ行かなければならなかった」,\nit quickly becomes a natural-sounding sentence.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2018-02-14T01:45:40.030",
"id": "56639",
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"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
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"score": 4
}
] |
56617
| null |
56639
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "56622",
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"body": "I was reading an article about how the humour in the Yakuza games gets\ntranslated into English, and in the original Japanese a pun is made.\n\n> ふとんがふとんだ\n\nThe article says it is a play on words. But I cannot find any explanation\nonline but I do see a reference to it. I can understand \"a table is a table\"\nbut this isn't really a pun, it would be equivalent to \"calling a spade a\nspade\" in English.",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-13T11:02:44.347",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56620",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-14T09:36:04.260",
"last_edit_date": "2018-02-13T15:26:09.370",
"last_editor_user_id": "25207",
"owner_user_id": "4071",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 21,
"tags": [
"puns"
],
"title": "Why is ふとんがふとんだ a pun?",
"view_count": 6886
}
|
[
{
"body": "The actual pun is:\n\n> 「ふとんがふ **っ** とんだ」 with a small っ.\n\nand not:\n\n> 「ふとんがふとんだ」 = \"A futon is a futon.\"\n\nwhich is what you wrote.\n\nThe verb prefix 「ふっ」 is explained here:\n\n[What does the word\n「ぶったてる」mean?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/24577/what-does-\nthe-word-%e3%81%b6%e3%81%a3%e3%81%9f%e3%81%a6%e3%82%8b-mean/24578#24578)\n\nTo use kanji, the phrase is:\n\n> 「布団{ふとん}がふっ飛{と}んだ。」 = \"The futon was blown off.\"\n\nThus, it is a legit pun indeed. It is the kind that small kids like to say.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-13T11:17:00.883",
"id": "56621",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-13T11:26:34.560",
"last_edit_date": "2018-02-13T11:26:34.560",
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"score": 24
},
{
"body": "A pun is a play on words exploiting homophones or similar-sounding words.\n\nThe pun in [布団]{ふとん}が[吹っ飛んだ]{ふっとんだ} _The futon was blown off_ is that it\nsounds almost like 布団が布団だ _A futon is a futon_ , the latter being a complete\ntautology.\n\nThere are many such popular puns, including\n\n * 犬がいぬ \n_A dog is a dog_ v _The dog is gone_\n\n * イルカはいるか \n_A dolphin is a dolphin_ v _Is there a dolphin?_\n\n * イクラは幾ら \n_Salmon roe is salmon roe_ v _How much is the salmon roe?_\n\n * コンドルは[喜んどる]{よろこんどる}\n * ラクダは楽だ\n * etc. _ad nauseam_",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-13T11:54:40.973",
"id": "56622",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-14T09:36:04.260",
"last_edit_date": "2018-02-14T09:36:04.260",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "1628",
"parent_id": "56620",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 18
}
] |
56620
|
56622
|
56621
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{
"accepted_answer_id": "57105",
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"body": "分離した先の表ではPK.それを参照している元の表ではFKを追加。\n\nI wonder what is the meaning of ”先“ in “分離した先の表ではPK”. Is this refer to the\noriginal table or different table?\n\nI also find a lot 先 in words such as 宛先 and ログ先書きプロトコル What does this means? 先\nmeans previous but i think it dont apply here(?)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-13T11:59:27.100",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "56623",
"last_activity_date": "2018-03-06T07:53:56.637",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "15896",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation",
"meaning",
"word-choice",
"words"
],
"title": "先 meaning in words",
"view_count": 345
}
|
[
{
"body": "先 is one of those kanji which modifies kanji preceding it or following it.\n\nFor your first question, it refers to the same table from what I understand.\n[Is is from a technical spec?]\n\nMy understanding - In the separated table above [PK], add FK to it.\n\n[元の表で quite literally refers to \"table of origin\"]\n\nFor your second question, 宛先 refers to \"address\" or \"destination\":\n\n> この宛先におくってもらえませんか。 Could you send it to this address? [Kono atesaki ni okutte\n> moraemasen ka?]\n\nSo in this instance, 先 is referring to \"ahead\" - you send things\nforward/ahead/to somewhere.\n\nログ先書きプロトコル is quite literally \"Logging protocol\". Here 先 obviously refers to\nsomething that happened _previously_ - you log things which have happened.\n\n[先書 means \"log writing\" in loose terms.]\n\nThis is what I meant by 先 having its meaning modified depending on the\npreceding of following kanji. It can mean \"ahead/forward\" in some\ncircumstances, and \"previous\" in others as you correctly noted.\n\nOther examples; an example of precedence in mazu, and looking ahead in\nsakiwamari:\n\n> 先ず - mazu - First of all,...\n>\n> 先回り - sakimawari - going on ahead / anticipating [something]\n\nHope it helps.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-02-13T12:51:10.657",
"id": "56625",
"last_activity_date": "2018-02-13T13:03:18.053",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "27370",
"parent_id": "56623",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "The paragraph is talking about database normalization rule. There is the\noriginal table which have some redundant columns. Your task is to divide the\noriginal table into two new tables, but in practical situations such is\nunlikely to be happened. instead you would need to remove some columns from\nthe original table and then create another table with those columns.\n\nThe primary keys and foreign keys are needed to tag their relations.\n\nNow the original table is referred as 分離元の表 and the new table is called 分離先の表.\n\ndivide from=元 divide into=先\n\n宛先 is a word. there is no such 宛元.\n\nログ先書き(saki-gaki)プロトコル is an abridged version of ログ先行書き込み(senkou-kakikomi)プロトコル\nwhich is a direct translation of Write-Ahead Logging (WAL).\n\nopposite of 先行 is 後続.(preceding -> following)\n\nThese 3 先 usages look quite diffrent each other.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2018-03-06T07:53:56.637",
"id": "57105",
"last_activity_date": "2018-03-06T07:53:56.637",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5081",
"parent_id": "56623",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] |
56623
|
57105
|
57105
|
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