question
dict | answers
list | id
stringlengths 1
6
| accepted_answer_id
stringlengths 2
6
⌀ | popular_answer_id
stringlengths 1
6
⌀ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25143",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I tried researching it myself and came away with the possible meaning of ている\nin dialect. Is that right? If it helps, this is the line I happened upon the\nとう in question:\n\n> 私はもう行きとうない",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-19T01:00:05.320",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25141",
"last_activity_date": "2021-12-08T07:32:08.173",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "4187",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"dialects"
],
"title": "What is とう in 行きとうない",
"view_count": 596
} | [
{
"body": "“行きとうない” is the same as “行きたくない” in the standard Japanese. \n“私はもう行きとうない” means that _I don’t want to go anymore_.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-19T01:19:24.357",
"id": "25143",
"last_activity_date": "2021-12-08T07:32:08.173",
"last_edit_date": "2021-12-08T07:32:08.173",
"last_editor_user_id": "30454",
"owner_user_id": "10395",
"parent_id": "25141",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 7
}
] | 25141 | 25143 | 25143 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25144",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I'm attempting to translate the story 「花咲かじいさん」.\n\nI want to understand this sentence better:\n\n```\n\n きっとおなががすいているだろう\n \n```\n\nI believe it is:\n\n```\n\n きっと -> certainly\n おなががすいて -> from お腹が空く, having an empty stomach\n いるだろう -> (you) are probably\n \n```\n\nSo, \"Certainly, you probably have an empty stomach\" or maybe \"I'm sure you're\nlikely very hungry\".\n\nHow common is the か -> が in おなががすいて? That really threw me off.\n\nAm I correctly translating きっと? It seems to be in contrast to いるだろう.",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-19T01:00:52.577",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25142",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-19T22:35:18.187",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-19T22:35:18.187",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10349",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"translation",
"modality"
],
"title": "Questions about the phrase 「きっとおなががすいているだろう」?",
"view_count": 193
} | [
{
"body": "**きっと〜だろう**\n\nIf you were to say （きっと）お腹が空いている alone, it would sound as if you're talking\nabout someone other than the person you're talking to (or that you're accusing\nthe person you're talking to of not understanding their own senses -- \"You are\n(definitely) hungry.\" has more or less the same connotations in English, I\nthink.) Basically, it's weird to talk about your addressee's mental states\nwith such certainty, because they know it better than you.\n\nSo, in Japanese you add だろう to introduce the possibility of your statement not\nbeing true (although you think it is likely true). A similar thing in English\nwould be like saying \"You must be hungry.\".\n\nThen, the きっと further strengthens your belief in your statements chance of\nbeing true, but without going as far as a straight declaration would. I guess\n\"You are almost certainly hungry.\" or something like that would be an example\nof a stronger version of the earlier English sentence. (I personally wouldn't\nbother trying to keep that nuance of the Japanese when translating, since the\nexample I gave also has a change in register and other side effects.)\n\n**おなが**\n\nI'm consideribly sure this is just a typo.\n\n**Translating word by word...**\n\n...is generally a poor idea. The proper analysis of the Japanese sentence is\n\n> きっと［［［お腹が］空いている］だろう］\n\nor even more broken down,\n\n> kitto [[[onaka=GA] sui-te-i-ru] darou]\n\nbut trying to translate each part just leads to confusion.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-19T01:41:14.650",
"id": "25144",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-19T01:41:14.650",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "3097",
"parent_id": "25142",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "きっとおなかがすいているだろう = He/she/they must be hungry.\n\nHope this helps.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-19T16:29:54.233",
"id": "25159",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-19T16:29:54.233",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10402",
"parent_id": "25142",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] | 25142 | 25144 | 25144 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25148",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "In typical Japanese companies, all managers have a title defining where they\nstand in the hierarchy, for instance 課長 and 部長, both of which can be\ntranslated as \"section chief\", so sometimes it is hard to tell who is higher\nor lower.\n\nSo, what are the usual titles, in approximate hierarchical order?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-19T06:20:05.313",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25147",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-19T08:33:45.080",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-19T06:54:00.020",
"last_editor_user_id": "107",
"owner_user_id": "107",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 9,
"tags": [
"business-japanese"
],
"title": "Hierarchy of management titles in Japanese companies",
"view_count": 19946
} | [
{
"body": "* 代表取締役 (formal) or 社長 (informal) or 経営最高責任者 (translated from English) Chief Executive Officer\n * 副社長 Vice President\n * 専務 Senior Managing Director or Executive Director\n * 常務 Managing Director\n * 取締役 Member of the Board or Director\n * 非常勤役員 Outside Director\n * 本部長 General Manager\n * 本部長代理 Acting General Manager\n * 部長 Department Manager\n * 次長 Associate Department Manager\n * 副部長 Associate Department Manager\n * 支店長 Branch Manager\n * 所長 Division Manager\n * 課長 Section Manager\n * 課長代理 Acting Section Manager or Deputy Section Manager\n * 係長 Assistant Section Manager\n * 主任 Supervisor",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-19T06:20:05.313",
"id": "25148",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-19T08:33:45.080",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-19T08:33:45.080",
"last_editor_user_id": "107",
"owner_user_id": "107",
"parent_id": "25147",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 12
}
] | 25147 | 25148 | 25148 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I have a difficulty to decide which one I have to use between どうやってしますか and\nどうすればいいですか.\n\nIs there any important thing to differentiate their usage?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-19T07:55:22.200",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25149",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-19T08:22:26.317",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9896",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "どうやってしますか versus どうすればいいですか",
"view_count": 575
} | [
{
"body": "Not an expert, but どうやってしますか sounds more along the lines of \"How do you do\nthis?\" while どうすればいいですか sounds more along the lines of \"What should I do?\"\n\nAlso, どうやってしますか sounds more informal than どうすればいいですか.\n\nWould appreciate any corrections if I'm wrong though.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-19T08:22:26.317",
"id": "25150",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-19T08:22:26.317",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10398",
"parent_id": "25149",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] | 25149 | null | 25150 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "* 入れる{いれる} can mean _to turn on (a switch, etc.)_\n * 点ける{つける} can mean _to turn on; to switch on; to light up_\n\nI do not see the difference. When would I use which?\n\n* * *\n\n「入れる{いれる}」と「点ける{つける}」の違{ちが}いは何ですか。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-19T11:42:42.883",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25152",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-20T01:21:14.473",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-19T17:30:08.383",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "7355",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"word-choice"
],
"title": "Difference between 入れる{いれる} and つける when expressing 'switch on'",
"view_count": 1435
} | [
{
"body": "入れる literally means \"to put (into).\" Thus 電源を入れる = to turn on the power.\n\nつける is used for lighting. Thus 照明を点ける = to turn on the light.",
"comment_count": 8,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-19T16:37:35.873",
"id": "25160",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-19T16:37:35.873",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10402",
"parent_id": "25152",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": -1
},
{
"body": "When you are talking about turn on light, you should say つける.\n\n> [電気]{でんき}をつける。\n\n[電気]{でんき} is the common way to say electricity lighting, by the way.\n\nつける also can apply to any kind of stuffs.\n\n> エアコンをつける。 (Turn on the air conditioner.) \n> テレビをつける。 (Turn on the TV.) \n> パソコンをつける。 (Turn on the PC.) \n> [電源]{でんげん}をつける。 (Turn on the power.)\n\n入{い}れる is sometimes interchangeable with つける, but it only works with some\nspecific objects. The following sentences are good examples of 入{い}れる.\n\n> エアコンを入{い}れる。 \n> [電源]{でんげん}を入{い}れる。\n\nYou could say テレビを入{い}れる, but it is not common. You should say テレビをつける which\nis much more common. The same goes for パソコン.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-20T01:21:14.473",
"id": "25166",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-20T01:21:14.473",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9608",
"parent_id": "25152",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] | 25152 | null | 25166 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Are [litotes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Litotes) and similar\nunderstatement typically used in Japanese?\n\nThe Japanese Wikipedia [entry on\nlitotes](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B7%A9%E5%8F%99%E6%B3%95) is no _War\nand Peace_ , which makes me suspect they don't use them very often.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-19T12:16:26.663",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25153",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-19T16:21:35.473",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "91",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"colloquial-language",
"rhetoric"
],
"title": "Does Japanese use litotes?",
"view_count": 272
} | [
{
"body": "Well, I don't think the use of litotes is language(or country?)-specific.\n\nSome people are fond of rhetorics, while others prefer direct expressions.\nThat's all, I guess.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-19T16:21:35.473",
"id": "25158",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-19T16:21:35.473",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10402",
"parent_id": "25153",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] | 25153 | null | 25158 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25156",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "What is the difference between 損害 and 被害? My dictionary lists them both as\n\"damage\", and I can't figure out any differences from the example sentences it\ngives. In fact, there are some examples that are basically the same except\nwith those words swapped out, leading me to believe they are interchangeable\nat least in many cases. Perhaps one is broader, and the other is a little more\nspecific and limited?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-19T15:22:31.403",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25154",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-19T16:01:22.403",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9749",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 6,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"words",
"nuances"
],
"title": "Difference between 損害 and 被害",
"view_count": 789
} | [
{
"body": "I am not a linguist, so I may be wrong, but...\n\n損害 and 被害 both mean \"damage\", \"loss.\"\n\nBut 被害 is something caused by somebody else or something that is beyond\ncontrol, while 損害 includes damage and loss caused by oneself or something\nunder one's control.\n\nExample:\n\n地震による被害 damage caused by the earthquake\n\n株取引による損害 loss generated in stock trading\n\nYou can say 地震による損害, but 株取引による被害 sounds awkaward unless you are forced to\nengage in the trading.\n\nHope this helps.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-19T16:01:22.403",
"id": "25156",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-19T16:01:22.403",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10402",
"parent_id": "25154",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 9
}
] | 25154 | 25156 | 25156 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25168",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "My fiance and I will be moving to Japan sometime next year and are trying to\nprepare our dog for the experience by teaching her Japanese commands so she\ncan be easily handled by kennels/vets/groomers/etc. What are the most common\nand useful commands used for dog training in Japan?\n\nI'm betting some are direct translations like \"sit,\" \"stay\" and \"come.\" But\nwhen it comes to things like \"go potty\" or \"drop it\" or even \"no\" (would it\njust be \"ie\"?) I'm not sure if there's a more appropriate or universal way to\nsay those. Also if there are any commands that are commonly used in Japan that\n_aren't_ common in America please enlighten me!\n\nPlease include romaji in answers for reference because we're still learning to\nread.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-19T15:46:03.027",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25155",
"last_activity_date": "2018-01-03T20:43:10.203",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10400",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 8,
"tags": [
"translation",
"words"
],
"title": "Japanese Dog Training Commands",
"view_count": 30339
} | [
{
"body": "Ote(おて) You show your hand to your dog and say \"ote\", and the dog our your paw\non your hand. I'm not sure the command is common in America, so if you are not\nsure what is ote, you can watch [this video](https://youtu.be/m5c9-0ygx1A).\n\nOsuwari(おすわり) is also common, which is equivalent to sit.\n\nFuse(ふせ) is a command for a dog to duck/get down. You can watch [this\nvideo](https://youtu.be/R7ud166t50Q) to have idea of fuse. By the way, the\nspell of romaji \"fuse\" is equivalent to English word \"fuse\", but the\npronunciation is different. The first word the man say in the video is the\ncorrect pronunciation of fuse.\n\nMate(まて) is almost equivalent to stay. Mate literally means \"wait\", and it\nsometimes mean \"stay right there\", but it sometimes means \"wait to eat your\nfood.\" The pronunciation of \"mate\" is also very different from English word\nmate. The second word the man say in [this\nvideo](https://youtu.be/R7ud166t50Q) is the correct pronunciation of mate.\n\nOide(おいで) is equivalent to \"come\".\n\nChodai(ちょうだい) is equivalent to \"drop it\".\n\nMottekoi(もってこい) is equivalent to \"go fetch\".\n\nDame(だめ) and Ikenai(いけない) is equivalent to \"no\", \"ie\" is not common to tell a\ndog you are doing wrong thing.\n\nI've never heard a Japanese person command a dog \"go potty\". I don't think the\ncommand is common in Japan.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-20T02:39:28.410",
"id": "25168",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-20T02:39:28.410",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9608",
"parent_id": "25155",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 7
}
] | 25155 | 25168 | 25168 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25165",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "In the following sentence:\n\n> 彦一｛ひこいち｝さんがのこった荷物を見たときは、 **皆の握り飯が入っているお弁当など** 重そうなものしか残っていませんでした。\n\nI don't understand how the part in bold fits into the sentence. Without that\npart I have\n\n> When 彦一 saw the remaining baggage (stuff in bold) there were only heavy\n> looking things left.\n\nThe bit in bold I think is \"bento boxes containing everyone's rice balls and\nthe like\". How does that fit with the rest of the sentence? Is it just a\nparenthetical statement describing the baggage that 彦一 saw?\n\nI recently came across [this\nlink](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/19111/how-to-express-\nappositives-in-japanese) which suggested similar constructs were not possible.\nUnder what circumstances can I use such a construction. For example could I\nsay \"If bob goes to Tuvalu -- a small island in the Pacific ocean -- he will\nneed to take a towel\" using the same grammar? Here's my attempt:\n\n> ボブはTuvaluに行くなら、太平洋にある小さな島タオルがひつようだ。",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-19T20:02:45.490",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25162",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-21T18:12:34.723",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-13T12:43:44.740",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "7944",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"syntax"
],
"title": "Confusing clause in middle of sentence",
"view_count": 371
} | [
{
"body": "> 「[彦一]{ひこいち}さんがのこった[荷物]{にもつ}を[見]{た}たときは、\n> **[皆]{みな}の[握]{にぎ}り[飯]{めし}が[入]{はい}っているお[弁当]{べんとう}など**\n> [重]{おも}そうなものしか[残]{のこ}っていませんでした。」\n\nThe part in **bold** only gives an example of the 「重そうなもの」.\n\n**≒** 「重そうなもの」 such as 「皆の握り飯が入っているお弁当」\n\nMy own TL: _**\" When Hikoichi saw the remaining belongings, there was nothing\nbut some heavy-looking stuff like everyone's riceballs left.\"**_\n\nMoving on...\n\nYour sentence 「ボブはTuvaluに[行]{い}くなら、[太平洋]{たいへいよう}にある[小]{ちい}さな[島]{しま}タオルがひつようだ。」\nmakes almost no sense after the comma, I am afraid.\n\nYou can say:\n\n> 「ボブは、太平洋にある小さな島、ツバルに行くなら、タオルがひつようだ。」 or\n>\n> 「ボブは、太平洋にある小さな島『ツバル』に行くなら、タオルがひつようだ。」",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-20T00:14:26.973",
"id": "25165",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-20T02:44:31.543",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "25162",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] | 25162 | 25165 | 25165 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25169",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "My best guess at this point is that this means \"you definitely can't escape\".\n\nThe English translation (which I've learned to take with a grain of salt)\ntranslates it as \"Don't run off!\"\n\nIn context, the addressee clearly is running away.\n\nMy understanding is that じゃん is a contraction of じゃない but has a meaning of its\nown. This comes mainly from Tae Kim's guide here:\n\n<http://www.guidetojapanese.org/learn/grammar/slang>\n\nWhere he writes:\n\n> Though derived from 「じゃない」, 「じゃん」 is always used to confirm the positive.\n>\n> ...\n>\n> Hopefully, you can see that 「じゃん」 is basically saying something along the\n> lines of, “See, I’m right, aren’t I?”\n\nThe proposed “See, I’m right, aren’t I?” translation of じゃん doesn't seem to\nfit very well here as far as translating this into a natural sounding English\ntranslation, which gave me some doubt. But I'm thinking it can carry a sense\nof \"definitely\" or \"absolutely\" instead. Grammatically, it's a rhetorical\nquestion in Japanese, but it doesn't translate to a rhetorical question in\nEnglish.\n\nActually, writing this question made me more confident about this (and I\nchanged my mind half way through), but can anyone confirm?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-20T02:01:39.850",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25167",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-16T10:14:22.307",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-20T02:09:09.923",
"last_editor_user_id": "10407",
"owner_user_id": "10407",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"colloquial-language"
],
"title": "Meaning of 「逃げることないじゃん！」",
"view_count": 345
} | [
{
"body": "I would translate it as \"No need to run away, right?\"\n\n> Does the \"no need\" part come from ことない?\n\nYes.\n\n> Can verb+ことない by itself have that meaning\n\nI would say verb+ことない has the connotation \"there's no need to + verb\".\n\n> the じゃん part, in addition to adding the \"right?\"\n\nじゃん is a colloquialism for \"ではないか” (= isn't it?.)\n\nAll in all I would utter the expression to convey that I am dissatisfied with\nsomeone's escapism.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-20T03:07:39.823",
"id": "25169",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-21T14:20:04.693",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-21T14:20:04.693",
"last_editor_user_id": "10402",
"owner_user_id": "10402",
"parent_id": "25167",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "Perhaps you could think of it like \"The event that you will run away doesn't\nexist.\" The \"じゃん\" is simply rhetorical and doesn't negate the meaning or\nanything like that. Now, I found the expression 逃げることなく on\nthesaurus.weblio.jp, and upon inspection of synonym expressions, it simply\nmeans \"without running away\". If you wanted a more English sounding\ntranslation, maybe you could go for something like \"There won't be any running\naway will there.\" Also, having a context for this (i.e. the situation, who\nsaid it, to whom, etc) would help.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-03-16T10:14:22.307",
"id": "44474",
"last_activity_date": "2017-03-16T10:14:22.307",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "19239",
"parent_id": "25167",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] | 25167 | 25169 | 25169 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "In Japan and in Japanese the Honbu of Judo is called Kodakan [講道館] or a place\nfor the study of the way... I would like to know, if in appropriate Japanese\nlanguage it would be possible to discover a word that could be a \"place for\nthe study of\" an art named \"geido kenpo ninpo ryu'? We use a shortened\ntranslation for geido kenpo ninpo ryu - in English such as \"Artistic Combative\nEnlightenment\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-20T03:30:23.290",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25170",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-20T03:30:23.290",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10408",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"comparative-linguistics"
],
"title": "What could be our Honbu name?",
"view_count": 27
} | [] | 25170 | null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25191",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm reading the manga \"Fruits Basket\". On page 89 of the first volume, Shigure\ninforms Yuki during supper that Kyo will start going to the same high school\nas himself and Tohru. Yuki responds with fury. He stands up, the background of\nthe frame becomes stormy, and he lashes out at Shigure: \"食べるな。近寄るな。出て行け…っ\".\n\nAbove his head appears the description: **絶対零度の怒り**\n\nI looked for this phrase in Google and it seems to be relatively common. That\nis, not an invention of this particular mangaka. But of course I couldn't find\na proper definition/explanation in any of the common dictionaries.\n\nNow, of course this is a description of his anger, but I'm not sure whether it\nrefers to the _type_ of fury or the _degree_ of fury. That is, does it mean\n\"absolute, extreme anger\" or indicates a specific anger that is not the usual\nkind of anger?\n\nIf it refers to the degree of anger, does this mean that in Japanese culture\nanger is perceived as cold? In my own native language as well as English, I\nthink anger and fury are usually perceived as \"hot\" except particular types\n(\"burning rage\" vs. \"cold fury\"), so I'm interested to know if there is a\ncultural difference here.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-20T08:15:30.190",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25175",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-21T05:43:43.073",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "7446",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"culture",
"manga"
],
"title": "What is the meaning of 絶対零度の怒り?",
"view_count": 211
} | [
{
"body": "In general, fury is usually associated with fire/flame in Japanese, too. There\nare many figurative set phrases like \"怒りの炎\", \"怒りに燃え上がる\", or \"怒りで爆発する\", and so\non.\n\nNow, 絶対零度の怒り is _not_ an established idiom, and I think its interpretation\nshould depend on the context. This phrase would at least mean 'extreme/strong\nanger' because it sounds stronger than simple 冷たい怒り. It may also mean 'cold\nfury' at the same time, but this could be optional.\n\nIt seems that Yuki is normally a calm and collected person, and the author\nprobably wanted to express some kind of \"coolness\" in his anger, even though\nYuki was not trying to his anger this time.\n\nAnyway, this is not the phrase you have to memorize, and I think you have\nalready \"felt\" the vibe of 絶対零度の怒り already reasonably.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-21T05:43:43.073",
"id": "25191",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-21T05:43:43.073",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "25175",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] | 25175 | 25191 | 25191 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25177",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> 屋内は外見 **に** 負けず劣らずの半壊模様。\n\nI feel like the sentence means something like \"The inside (of the church) was\nas equally destroyed as the outside.\"\n\nBut I'm not sure what the に does in this sentence. Could someone help me with\nthis?\n\nThanks!",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-20T10:31:04.437",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25176",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-21T00:26:33.673",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10316",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "What does に do here?",
"view_count": 111
} | [
{
"body": "「に」 just happens to be the correct particle to use in saying:\n\n> 「～～ **に** [勝]{か}つ」 \"to win _**against**_ ~~\"\n>\n> 「～～ **に** [負]{ま}ける」 \"to lose _**to**_ ~~\"\n\nIt had no choice but add use 「に」 to the object 「外見」 because the next word is\n負けず劣らず, of which the first part comes from 「負ける」.\n\nYour translation is good, by the way.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-20T11:00:05.293",
"id": "25177",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-21T00:26:33.673",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "25176",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] | 25176 | 25177 | 25177 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "For example\n\n> そんな感じに日は過ぎて行きました\n\nwhich may appear at the end of the scene.\n\nDo we have anything similar to this in English?\n\nWhat is the purpose of using a construction like this instead of naturally\nletting the scene end (i.e. what meaning/etc. does it add)?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-20T11:06:33.890",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25178",
"last_activity_date": "2015-10-24T23:47:23.850",
"last_edit_date": "2015-08-24T22:12:18.313",
"last_editor_user_id": "10045",
"owner_user_id": "10414",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"phrases"
],
"title": "The usage of そんな感じに to end a scene in narration",
"view_count": 331
} | [
{
"body": "It's mainly for emphasis/embellishment on the day ending. Of course it's not\nabsolutely necessary, but it gives the viewer a sense of conclusion for that\npart of the story and a transition to another part.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-22T08:32:19.330",
"id": "25227",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-22T08:32:19.330",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10428",
"parent_id": "25178",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "Well, I'm pretty sure there are similar constructions in English... For\nexample:\n\n> And on that note, let's call it a day.\n\ncould easily be the end of a scene.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-10-24T12:42:28.990",
"id": "28849",
"last_activity_date": "2015-10-24T23:47:23.850",
"last_edit_date": "2015-10-24T23:47:23.850",
"last_editor_user_id": "11104",
"owner_user_id": "10045",
"parent_id": "25178",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] | 25178 | null | 28849 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "After my first question was answered so beautifully, I would like to ask some\nmore. :D\n\nI wanted to know how to use conditionals for events in the past, like: \"If I\nhad saved my money, I would be rich now.\", or: \"If he hadn't eaten that many\nsweets, he wouldn't have become fat.\"\n\nI did a google search, but somehow, all of the sites I found had different\nanswers which contradicted each other, as each of them claimed their answer to\nbe the only correct one. \nI also found something on this site. In an answer here: [Differences among\n-たら、なら、-んだったら、-えば,\netc](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/393/differences-\namong-%e3%81%9f%e3%82%89-%e3%81%aa%e3%82%89-%e3%82%93%e3%81%a0%e3%81%a3%e3%81%9f%e3%82%89-%e3%81%88%e3%81%b0-etc/396#396),\nthere's the example:\n\n> あのとき右に曲がれば、どうなっただろう。 \n> If I had turned right back then, I wonder what would have happened.\n\nSo it seems like \"-ba\" is the right conditional to use in this case, but\nbecause I have read so many different answers already, I am still unsure and\nwould like a longer explanation about which conditional(s?) can be used to\nbuild a correct sentence of the type: \"If X had happened (but it didn't), then\nY.\"",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-20T14:19:05.913",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25179",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-21T00:10:16.983",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-13T12:43:44.740",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "10347",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"conditionals"
],
"title": "Past Unreal Conditional",
"view_count": 2120
} | [
{
"body": "_**Strictly speaking**_ , the Japanese sentence:\n\n> 「あのとき[右]{みぎ}に[曲]{ま}がれば、どうなっただろう。」\n\ndoes not correspond to the English sentence:\n\n> \"If I had turned right back then, I wonder what would have happened.\"\n\nin the sense that, while the English sentence is perfect by any standard with\nits verb tense choices, the Japanese sentence sounds \"only colloquially\nacceptable\".\n\nIf you gave that Japanese sentence as your translation of that English\nsentence in a Japanese high school or college, you would _**surely**_ be\ncorrected.\n\nThe problem is with both 「曲がれば」 and 「なった」. Informally, as I stated above, we\nsometimes actually form this sentence with those casual-sounding tense\nchoices. \"Officially\", however, the sentence would need to be formed as:\n\n> 「あのとき右に **曲がっていたのなら（ば）** 、どう **なっていた** （の）だろう(or のであろう)。」 or\n>\n> 「あのとき右に **曲がっていれば** (or **いたら** )、どう **なっていた** （の）だろう(or のであろう)。」",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-21T00:10:16.983",
"id": "25186",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-21T00:10:16.983",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "25179",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 7
}
] | 25179 | null | 25186 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I am referring to the lyrics of this vocaloid song: [Handbeat\nClocktower](http://vocaloidlyrics.wikia.com/wiki/%E9%87%9D%E9%9F%B3%E3%83%8E%E6%99%82%E8%A8%88%E5%A1%94_\\(Shin%27on_no_Tokeitou\\))\n\nI have the impression that the title (which also comes up in the lyrics) means\n\"the handbeat of the clocktower\" (or in other other words, the sound of the\nneedle of the clocktower).\n\nHowever, the corresponding の construction should be 時計塔の針音, so why is it\nreversed?\n\nDoes it perhaps imply that there is a handbeat that can be \"universally\" heard\nand that it comes from that clocktower as opposed to something else, i.e. the\nclocktower \"of the handbeat\"?\n\nOr is there a grammatical explanation?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-20T15:40:27.050",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25180",
"last_activity_date": "2023-06-20T19:06:20.840",
"last_edit_date": "2022-05-26T16:18:37.270",
"last_editor_user_id": "30454",
"owner_user_id": "10416",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"song-lyrics"
],
"title": "針音ノ時計塔 or 時計塔ノ針音?",
"view_count": 221
} | [
{
"body": "針音ノ時計塔 grammatically means \"Handbeat Clocktower\" or \"Clocktower of Handbeat\".\n(Oh, I failed to find 'handbeat' in a dictionary, but let me assume 針音 means\nhandbeat) And it's 時計塔の針音 that corresponds to \"Handbeat of Clocktower\".\n\n\"Xの塔\" (tower of X) can mean many things:\n\n * a tower made of X (material): 象牙の塔 = Tower of Ivory\n * a tower in X (place): ハノイの塔 = Tower of Hanoi (city)\n * a tower owned by X (person)\n * a tower used for X (purpose): 試練の塔 = Tower of Trials\n * a tower symbolized by/named after X: [太陽の塔 = Tower of the Sun](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tower_of_the_Sun); バベルの塔 = Tower of Babel (Babel is not the name of a city, but it means ['Gate of God'](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tower_of_Babel#Etymology))\n\n針音の時計塔 probably means the 針音 is the symbol of that 時計塔, just like 太陽の塔.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-21T06:16:59.730",
"id": "25193",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-21T06:16:59.730",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "25180",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] | 25180 | null | 25193 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25207",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Some context: Person A and Person B both went through a trying situation\ndealing with Person C, someone that Person A has known for many years. They\nare now talking about how awful it was. Person A then thinks this:\n\n>\n> [俺]{おれ}に[比]{くら}べて[汚染]{おせん}[度]{ど}１０[年分]{ねんぶん}も[少]{すく}ないなんて、なんて[幸]{しあわ}せな[人間]{にんげん}だ。\n\nwhich as far as I understand is something along the lines of: Person B has\nsuffered 10 years less than I have. How lucky Person B is.\n\nI was pretty surprised 人間 was the choice of word here. I would have expected 人\ninstead because in my experience 人間 refers to humanity or a type of person. Is\nthis something that's done frequently?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-20T15:56:14.000",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25181",
"last_activity_date": "2015-07-02T09:42:21.923",
"last_edit_date": "2015-07-02T09:42:21.923",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10045",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"nouns"
],
"title": "人間 vs 人 to refer to an individual?",
"view_count": 853
} | [
{
"body": "I'm not sure, but I guess that's only the limitation of the writer's\nvocabulary.\n\nI would write the said phrase as 俺に比べて汚染度１０年分も少ないなんて、なんて幸せな奴だ。",
"comment_count": 9,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-21T12:12:46.433",
"id": "25199",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-21T12:12:46.433",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10402",
"parent_id": "25181",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": -4
},
{
"body": "Yes, this example sentence is natural.\n\n人間【にんげん】 can be used, as well as 人【ひと】, when one shows their hatred against\nsomeone, or when one wants to keep a distance from someone.\n\n> 1. 私はあの人が好きです。: OK\n> 2. 私はあの人が嫌いです。: OK\n> 3. 私はあの人間が好きです。: **Weird**\n> 4. 私はあの人間が嫌いです。: **OK**\n>\n\nTo me, #4 sounds even more hostile than #2.\n\nLikewise, 「彼はそういう人です。(That's how he is.)」 can be used both positively or\nnegatively, but 「彼はそういう人間です。」 is usually negative.\n\nIn the sentence in question, なんて幸せな人だ is also OK, but なんて幸せな人間だ sounds like\nPerson A displays a somewhat unfriendly attitude to Person B.\n\nI can't explain the logic behind this, but perhaps the speaker is keeping a\ndistance from the subject by using 人間, the word that does not sound very\nfriendly.",
"comment_count": 7,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-21T15:46:08.830",
"id": "25207",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-21T16:35:38.937",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-21T16:35:38.937",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "25181",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] | 25181 | 25207 | 25207 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25183",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "This is a paragraph taken from a novel. It describes an outlawish group of\npeople who decided to run away from civilized society.\n\nSimplified part with bolded clause that I'm having trouble with:\n\n> 彼らは、 **他の大多数がそうするように順応して我を殺す** ことを良しとしない（～なかった）逃亡者だ。\n\nWhat does the bolded part mean, exactly? Is it \"adapting （順応する） to what\nmajority does （大多数がそうする, with そう implying 我を殺す?）, commit suicide （我を殺す）?\" In\nother words, committing suicide like majority would do? Could 我を殺す also imply\nsimply \"repressing oneself (one's antisocial urges)\"?\n\nFull paragraph:\n\n>\n> 警察、親、教師、あるいは極道｛マフィア｝から、生きるために逃亡してこの場に篭るアウトロー。表で生きられないと悟った彼らは、他の大多数がそうするように順応して我を殺すことを良しとせず、同類を求めて自らの居場所を作った勇気ある逃亡者だ。\n\nThank you for your help.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-20T16:36:23.850",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25182",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-20T17:17:48.697",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-20T17:12:49.770",
"last_editor_user_id": "10334",
"owner_user_id": "10334",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"て-form",
"parsing"
],
"title": "How to correctly intepret the following clause?",
"view_count": 87
} | [
{
"body": "そうする refers to 順応して我を殺す (= 社会/環境に順応して、自分/自我を押し殺す)\n\n[我]{が}を殺す is like \"repress oneself/ego\", not \"commit suicide\".\n\nSo I think it would be like:\n\n> [(他の大多数がそうするように)順応して我を殺す]ことを良しとせず・・・ \n> (They) are not willing to [adapt themselves to the circumstances (or,\n> adjust to the society) and repress their ego (as the majority do)], ...",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-20T17:17:48.697",
"id": "25183",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-20T17:17:48.697",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "25182",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] | 25182 | 25183 | 25183 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25188",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "At some point I found that 手を貸す both literally and figuratively means 'to lend\na hand' - is the resemblance a coincidence?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-20T23:37:40.727",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25184",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-21T02:32:41.663",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9971",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"words",
"etymology"
],
"title": "手を貸す and 'lend a hand' - coincidence?",
"view_count": 660
} | [
{
"body": "There are a lot of metaphors in common around the world. This is a good\nexample of one such metaphor - the extension is quite logical (give help >\ngive a hand (to help) > lend a hand), and it wouldn't surprise me to find many\nmore examples of similar metaphors around the world.\n\nThere are others that are less common, such as Japanese's 猫をかぶる - the idea of\n'cat' isn't cross-culturally connected with 'niceness', so the metaphor is\nrelatively unique. (Compare English 'a wolf in sheep's clothing' for the same\nidea.)\n\nA good place to start reading about these, if you're interested, is Lakoff and\nJohnson's famous _Metaphors We Live By_ , a good introduction to the roles and\nmechanics of metaphors in language and culture.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-21T01:37:50.677",
"id": "25188",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-21T02:32:41.663",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-21T02:32:41.663",
"last_editor_user_id": "3639",
"owner_user_id": "3639",
"parent_id": "25184",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] | 25184 | 25188 | 25188 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25189",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I used to work in a Japanese restaurant where the owner and his wife always\nwrote 「かつを」 rather than 「かつお」. I thought this was kind of cool, so I looked it\nup. The only information I could find was that it was likely a misspelling\nfrom before the reform. After all, the reform would have been in effect for\nonly a couple years by the time they were learning to write.\n\nIn any case, this got me curious. Are there any words today that the Japanese\ntend to write with を, whether officially accepted or not?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-20T23:48:26.490",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25185",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-21T09:56:00.103",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-21T09:56:00.103",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "10421",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"kana",
"hiragana",
"spelling",
"names",
"obsolete-kana"
],
"title": "Are there words still containing を either officially or colloquially?",
"view_count": 263
} | [
{
"body": "Officially, no; using を for anything other than the object marker is\nnonstandard spelling. However, it's often used informally to create a sense of\narchaism and/or tradition. You'll see a lot of names of washoku restaurants\nand ryokan and things with pre-reform spellings, and some even go so far as to\ninclude [hentaigana](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hentaigana \"hentaigana\") in\ntheir signs. Some people also will use を/ヲ in usernames etc online, simply to\nbe interesting, I suppose.\n\nI imagine that your restaurant's owners were using を either out of simply\nbeing used to it and not bothering to change, or out of a conscious decision\nto not adapt their spelling to the reform when they're writing for themselves.\nAs far as I know, this is a lot less common - really very few people actively\nuse pre-reform spellings in everyday life. People who work with older texts on\na regular basis might use these spellings in specific words, but there's no\nwords that the majority of the populace use を in outside of as the object\nmarker.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-21T00:11:26.840",
"id": "25187",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-21T00:11:26.840",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "3639",
"parent_id": "25185",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "According to standard orthography (post-reform) no words are ever written with\nを, except names and words whose writers exercise \"artistic license\".\n\nBut I don't think in your case it's a misspelling, rather a conscious choice\nof adhering to pre-reform orthography. (かつお was かつを before the spelling\nreform.) Opposed to new nonsense uses, like ヲタク (or ワヰン), I think かつを may\nactually be considered somewhat classy (that would depend on the restaurant\nthough).\n\nBesides restaurants and onsen, ryokan, whatever, を is also reasonably common\nin names. I have met a number of women called かをる or かをり. (Of course that's\nbecause 薫り・香り was かをり before the spelling reform.) Similarly with other\nobsolete かな like ゑ (e.g. 澄恵 すみゑ) or the repetition mark ゝ (e.g. なゝせ). I have\nnever seen obsolete かな in men's names and I don't really expect to either,\nbecause of the soft/traditional connotation of かな. (That said, maybe some\nparents name their boy レヲン – it's [happened to a dog\nalready](http://ameblo.jp/tomaru-ko-bou/entry-11890074842.html) – just because\n[they can](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/11937/legal-\ncharacters-for-first-names-include-hiragana-katakana-jinmeiyo-and-joyo). Ateji\nfor foreign names, as in [零音](http://name.m3q.jp/list?s=%E3%82%8C&g=1&page=9),\nas a trend is maybe already on its way out, so next up might be foreign names\nwith obsolete katakana, who knows.)",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-21T02:17:06.217",
"id": "25189",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-21T09:54:39.507",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-13T12:43:44.863",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "1628",
"parent_id": "25185",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] | 25185 | 25189 | 25189 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25192",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "1. Is this mean, if you don't come tomorrow, please tell the teacher ?\n 2. Can we use なら instead of と\n 3. Is there any imply that when should they tell the teacher, such as if they plan to not come tomorrow then tell the teacher today or if you decide tomorrow that you don't come then tell the teacher",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-21T04:21:40.260",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25190",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-21T05:59:59.570",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "300",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Usage of と in 明日は来られないと先生に伝えてください",
"view_count": 72
} | [
{
"body": "This is the _**quotative**_ 「と」.\n\n> 明日は来られない **と** 先生に伝えてください。\n>\n> ≒\n>\n> 『明日は来られない。』 **と** 先生に伝えてください。\n\n= \" _ **Please tell the teacher that I/you/someone will not be able to come\ntomorrow**_.\"\n\nFrom this sentence alone, we could not tell who it is that will not be able to\ncome. Further context would reveal it.\n\n> 1.Is this mean, if you don't come tomorrow, please tell the teacher ?\n\nNo, it does not. 「と」 does not mean \"if\" here.\n\n> 2.Can we use なら instead of と?\n\nNo, we cannot because someone already _**knows**_ that he will not be able to\ncome tomorrow. If 「なら」 is used, the meaning of the sentence will change.\n\n> 3.Is there any imply that when should they tell the teacher, such as if they\n> plan to not come tomorrow then tell the teacher today or if you decide\n> tomorrow that you don't come then tell the teacher?\n\nGood question. In this sentence by itself, there is no implying as to when\nsomeone should tell the teacher.\n\nAll we know for sure is that someone will not be able to come tomorrow. It is\nnot that he will decide tomorrow whether he will come or not tomorrow.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-21T05:59:59.570",
"id": "25192",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-21T05:59:59.570",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "25190",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] | 25190 | 25192 | 25192 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25195",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm not asking for a translation, but rather what kind of\ngestures/actions/behavior does it refer to?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-21T07:46:48.333",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25194",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-21T08:14:07.550",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10425",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "What is a 甘えるような態度?",
"view_count": 117
} | [
{
"body": "If you are acting overfamiliar, overintimate, etc. in order to be taken under\nsomeone's wing or to cadge for things, a Japanese-speaker might call it a\n「[甘]{あま}えるような[態度]{たいど}」.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-21T08:14:07.550",
"id": "25195",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-21T08:14:07.550",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "25194",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] | 25194 | 25195 | 25195 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25200",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I want to say\n\n> I like eggs that are boiled in 7 minutes.\n\nMy attempt is as follows but I am not sure which correct.\n\n> A: 七分煮た卵が好きです。\n>\n> B: 七分煮られた卵が好きです。\n\nHow to make an relative clause in passive form?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-21T09:58:15.617",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25196",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-21T13:50:33.387",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "9896",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Confused with an relative clause in active and passive form",
"view_count": 155
} | [
{
"body": "\"l'électeur\" is right: we use 茹でる for boiling eggs.\n\nSo I recommend that you write 七分茹でた卵が好きです。\n\nFor the record, 七分茹でられた卵が好きです。 is _not_ syntactically incorrect, but we don't\nsay that.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-21T12:26:23.190",
"id": "25200",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-21T12:26:23.190",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10402",
"parent_id": "25196",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] | 25196 | 25200 | 25200 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25202",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I came across the expression \"どゆこと\" in the show \"世界の日本人妻は見た!\". For example, at\n[21:12](https://youtu.be/aA8xWnGSA0A?t=21m12s) in an episode involving a\nMongolian husband.\n\nThe phrase is also mentioned in the [Wikipedia\narticle](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E3%81%AE%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E4%BA%BA%E5%A6%BB%E3%81%AF%E8%A6%8B%E3%81%9F!)\nabout the show:\n\n> なお、2012年4月8日19:00 - 20:54に『爆笑問題の世界の日本人妻は見た! 海外生活真相リポート\n> どゆこと?[1](https://youtu.be/aA8xWnGSA0A?t=21m12s)\n> 異国の珍体験』という単発の特別番組（以下「パイロット版」と略記）が放送されている。\n\nAlso, a google search for \"どゆこと\" gets matches unrelated to the show,\n\nA native speaker has told me that \"どゆこと\" is the same as \"どういうこと\", which means\n\"what does it mean?\", except that the latter is \"correct\" and the former\nisn't.\n\nWhat's the relationship between the two? Is \"どゆ\" kind of like a lazy or fast\nway of saying \"どういう\"?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-21T10:01:41.560",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25197",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-21T13:18:23.207",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-21T13:18:23.207",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "91",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"words",
"colloquial-language",
"spoken-language",
"contractions"
],
"title": "Relationship between どゆこと and どういうこと",
"view_count": 4132
} | [
{
"body": "どゆこと is a shortening of どういうこと. 言う is often pronounced ゆう and the ゆ appears in\nall sorts of inflections of いう, like ゆえない for いえない or ゆって for いって etc.\n\nTV subtitles often use spellings that are supposed to reflect words as they\nmight be spoken, like どゆこと or やってます for やっています or やだ for いやだ.\n\nIn the case of どゆこと it conveys maybe a little extra surprise, because it's\nshorter and thus faster than どうゆうこと, but most of all it's supposed to be\n\"light\" because of its informal character.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-21T13:17:48.850",
"id": "25202",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-21T13:17:48.850",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "1628",
"parent_id": "25197",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] | 25197 | 25202 | 25202 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Spoken in a dialogue:\n\n> こういうのは言いだしっぺがやるもんだろ\n\nAs far as I can tell from context, it's \"As if it were me who brought that\nup!\" (it wasn't me, it was you!). However, I can't find any explanation on the\nweb as to what っぺがやる (or is it っぺ ＋ bound particle ＋ やる? or case particle?)\nfollowing RY form of a verb actually means. I'd be grateful if someone could\nplease explain this structure.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-21T14:32:23.343",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25205",
"last_activity_date": "2016-12-04T11:26:46.300",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-21T14:47:41.607",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "10334",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "っぺがやる following 連用形",
"view_count": 297
} | [
{
"body": "Have you read the article referred to by Choko?\n\nIf not, the following might be of help:\n\n```\n\n こういうのは言いだしっぺがやるもんだろ\n \n```\n\nwhich is decomposed to\n\n```\n\n こういうの + は + [言いだしっぺ + が + やる + もん] + だろ\n \n```\n\n * こういうの <- こういうもの This (kind of things, items etc.)\n * は indicates that こういうの is the subject for this entire sentence.\n * 言いだしっぺ one who (have) brought up\n * が indicates (with stress) that 言いだしっぺ is the subject for the verb やる.\n * やる, to do, to carry out.\n * もん <- もの thing, item...\n * だろ <- だろう is(n't it?)\n\nTogether they mean\n\n```\n\n This is what should be carried out by the one who brought it up, right?\n \n```",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-23T13:37:15.430",
"id": "25277",
"last_activity_date": "2016-12-04T11:26:46.300",
"last_edit_date": "2016-12-04T11:26:46.300",
"last_editor_user_id": "10859",
"owner_user_id": "10402",
"parent_id": "25205",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] | 25205 | null | 25277 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25210",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "does this sentence sound like a native speaker?\n\n明日から、問題が有れば、私に話す前に、まずメールで会話の内容を送信します。お願いします。\n\nAny suggestion are welcome. Thank you so much.",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-21T15:21:08.310",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25206",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-22T05:59:16.193",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-21T15:39:15.980",
"last_editor_user_id": "10420",
"owner_user_id": "10420",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"word-choice",
"translation"
],
"title": "Does this sound like a native speaker?",
"view_count": 271
} | [
{
"body": "> 明日から、問題が有れば、私に話す前に、まずメールで会話の内容を送信します。お願いします。\n\nGenerally okay, but a few things that do look and sound unnatural.\n\nFor starters, not many people write 有る with kanji. It's not wrong, but\nconsidering its rarity most Japanese people would pick up on that, and a few\nwill even ask you why you're using 有れば rather than あれば.\n\nAlso, your usage of commas is a bit heavy for any language, even English, and\nmakes your speech flow much less.\n\nOther than that, 〜してください is a natural ending for the first sentence rather\nthan します. This also makes the latter お願いします redundant.\n\n> 明日から問題があれば、私に話す前に(まず)メールで会話の内容を送信してください。\n\nThere are still some issues with pronoun drops and questions about who does\nwhat, as Choko points out in her comments. You need to point out who's\nreceiving the mail that's being sent. This is where it's hard to see what you\nmean without a better translation, or the meaning you want to convey.\n\nChoko brings up suggestions. Based upon my guess on what you're trying to\ntranslate from English, I take it you're trying to translate \"From tomorrow,\nif you have any problems, email me about what you want to discuss before\ntalking to me in person.\" This gives us roughly:\n\n> 明日から問題があれば、私に直接話に来る前に、まずメールで用件を教えてください。(depending on what you're trying to\n> say)\n\nThe sentence I had in mind from the start after reading your sentence was\nalong the lines of\n\n> 明日から問題があれば、私に直接話しかける前にメールで用件を教えてください。\n>\n> From tomorrow, if you have any problems, before talking to me in person,\n> send me an email telling me [what you want to talk about].\n\nTell me if my attempt at a translation back is along the lines of what you\nwanted to say -- I can't tell based off only your initial sentence, but I\nthink I got the right impression.\n\nAlso, for more info about 用件, the word Choko (and I afterwards) used, see\n<http://ejje.weblio.jp/content/%E7%94%A8%E4%BB%B6>. It's hard to translate, so\nbetter you get an idea yourself. A good initial thought would be to consider\nit \"a matter.\"",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-21T16:40:09.780",
"id": "25210",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-22T05:59:16.193",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "9185",
"parent_id": "25206",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
},
{
"body": "> 明日から、問題が有れば、私に話す前に、まずメールで会話の内容を送信します。お願いします。\n\nI won't be able to understand what you mean. Do you mean something like\n明日から、問題があれば直接私に話しかける前に、まずメールで内容を教えてください ?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-21T21:36:48.760",
"id": "25212",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-21T21:36:48.760",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "499",
"parent_id": "25206",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] | 25206 | 25210 | 25210 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25209",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm trying to figure out how to say\n\n> \"please be strict with me\"\n\nFor when I am practising with conversation exchanges.\n\nSo far I have come up with:\n\n 1. 私と厳しくしてください\n 2. 私に厳しくてさられてお願いします\n\nAre any of these close to accurate? Any help that could be offered would be\nappreciated :)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-21T15:58:04.173",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25208",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-21T16:02:59.250",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10342",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"meaning",
"questions",
"spoken-language",
"politeness"
],
"title": "How to say \"please be strict with me\" in Japanese",
"view_count": 678
} | [
{
"body": "I would say 私 _に_ 厳しくしてください (but do you really want someone to be strict with\nyou?)",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-21T16:02:59.250",
"id": "25209",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-21T16:02:59.250",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10402",
"parent_id": "25208",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] | 25208 | 25209 | 25209 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25218",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I have already looked at [this\nquestion](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/3832/difference-\nbetween-noun%E3%81%AA-and-noun%E3%81%A0%E3%81%A8%E3%81%84%E3%81%86) but it\ndidn't really help my understanding. I have the following sentence:\n\n> 家来たちがそれぞれ自分の荷物を持ち上げて帰る用意をしている **というのに**\n> 、彦一｛ひこいち｝はなにも入っていない風呂敷｛ふろしき｝をたたんでふところにしまいました。\n\nMy attempt at a translation is:\n\n> Even though the retainers each picked up their own baggage and were\n> preparing to return home, 彦一 folded up a _wrapping cloth_ with nothing in it\n> and put it away in his breast pocket.\n\nI thought のに translated as \"even though\" but that doesn't seem to join the two\nclauses together in a convincing way. So I'm assuming the という part modifies のに\nin some way such that it makes more sense. Please help me understand the\ndifference between のに and というのに. Thanks.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-21T18:59:50.327",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25211",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-22T01:34:54.233",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-13T12:43:44.260",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "7944",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particles"
],
"title": "Difference between のに and というのに",
"view_count": 1177
} | [
{
"body": "The answers in that old thread do not satisfy me, either.\n\nMy suggestion for a better translation of the 「というのに」 part in your sentence\nwould simply be \" ** _while_** \". I would not buy the dictionary definition of\n\"even though\" in this particular case.\n\nThe difference between 「のに」 and 「というのに」 is minimal in meaning and yet two-\nfold.\n\n1) 「のに」 sounds more informal and it is used more often in speaking.\n\n2) 「というのに」 gives slightly more emphasis to the preceding words than 「のに」 does.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-22T01:34:54.233",
"id": "25218",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-22T01:34:54.233",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "25211",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] | 25211 | 25218 | 25218 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25216",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I have a difficulty to translate ホッチキスでとめる.\n\n * ホッチキス means stapler\n * で means with\n * とめる means stop\n\nStop with stapler? What?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-21T23:26:03.470",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25214",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-21T23:30:45.107",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9896",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "What does ホッチキスでとめる mean?",
"view_count": 112
} | [
{
"body": "Try to be more creative ;)\n\nIt just means\n\n> to staple (something) together\n\nIf the `とめる` would be written in Kanji, it gets `留める`, which is more like\n\"hold\",\"keep\".",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-21T23:30:45.107",
"id": "25216",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-21T23:30:45.107",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9538",
"parent_id": "25214",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] | 25214 | 25216 | 25216 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Recently, I found the following instructions on a multifunction\nprinter/scanner/copier/faxer:\n\n\n\nCuriously, there are two lines in Japanese (as opposed to just one in each of\nthe other languages): 原稿面上向き and 送信面上向き. I guess these would be equivalent to\n\"front of the page facing up\" and \"the side you want to send facing up\" (for\nfaxing), but this appears to be redundant. To me, it seems that 原稿面 would\nsubsume 送信面.\n\nIs this just an artefact of how this particular sign was translated, or would\ndevices manufactured for sale in Japan also feature two separate instructions\nwhere an English-language device would just have \"face up\"? If the latter,\nwhy? (e.g. might there be some sort of distinction between 原稿面 and 送信面 in\nJapanese that I'm not aware of?)",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-21T23:27:24.597",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25215",
"last_activity_date": "2015-09-28T23:51:14.513",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "3437",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"words"
],
"title": "Why might this device have both 原稿面上向き and 送信面上向き as equivalents of \"face up\"?",
"view_count": 288
} | [
{
"body": "My opinion:\n\n原稿面上向き - for making copies\n\n送信面上向き - for sending faxes\n\nI think, this is the Japanese specific they try to explain things as much as\npossible, so they introduced both explanations.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-09-28T12:09:20.860",
"id": "28357",
"last_activity_date": "2015-09-28T23:51:14.513",
"last_edit_date": "2015-09-28T23:51:14.513",
"last_editor_user_id": "11277",
"owner_user_id": "11277",
"parent_id": "25215",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] | 25215 | null | 28357 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25225",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "In Influent, the language learning game, 規{き}則｛そく｝性{せい}の無｛な｝い is used to mean\n'random'. In checking the term, I see that it does appear in usage, though the\ndictionary I use (jisho.org) does not list the term, instead listing such\nterms as 出鱈目, 行き当たりばったり, and 当ても無い, among others. Is 規則性の無い just rarely used\nin favour of one of the other terms listed? Does 規則性の無い mean 'random, by\nchance, or without pattern', or does it have a different meaning than what was\ntaught? If it does mean random, what would the connotations of the term be?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-22T04:45:44.037",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25220",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-22T07:47:54.263",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10099",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"usage",
"learning"
],
"title": "規則性の無い meaning and usage",
"view_count": 195
} | [
{
"body": "The phrase 「規則性のない」 surely can mean \"random\", but if you used it everytime you\nwanted to say \"random\", it would be regarded as an unnatural word choice at\nleast half the time.\n\n「規則性のない」 literally means \" ** _lacking regularity_** \" and that is what the\nphrase mostly means to us Japanese-speakers. To call something 「規則性のない」, one\nneeds to observe it for at least a certain amount of time.\n\nTo call something \"random\", one would often only need to observe a single\noccurance of something, wouldn't one? If I asked you a question and you\nthought it random, you would call it a random question, right? You cannot use\nthe phrase 「規則性のない」 in that situation. You would need to be asked at least a\nfew questions before labeling the question pattern as 「規則性のない」.\n\n「規則性のある/ない」 are good phrases to use indeed. Unlike 「[出鱈目]{でたらめ}」 and\n「行き[当]{あ}たりばったり」, which are fairly informal, it sounds pretty formal and we do\nnot use it in casual daily conversation.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-22T07:08:30.127",
"id": "25225",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-22T07:08:30.127",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "25220",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "First, a verbatim translation of 規則性の無い is \"without regularity\". So it means\n\"random\" in the sense of \"without specific patterns.\"\n\nIf your dictionary lists 出鱈目, 行き当たりばったり, and 当ても無い for translation candidates\nof \"random\" and does not list 規則性の無い, chances are that the editor regarded\n規則性の無い to be too formal for their intended readers.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-22T07:09:07.370",
"id": "25226",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-22T07:47:54.263",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-22T07:47:54.263",
"last_editor_user_id": "10402",
"owner_user_id": "10402",
"parent_id": "25220",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] | 25220 | 25225 | 25225 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25223",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "What does the word 「やで」 mean?\n\n> おまえさん とこのジョーは自{じ}分{ぶん}の身{み}を守{まも}るがためにわしらの子{こ}どもまでまきぞえにしとるん **やで** 。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-22T06:27:35.890",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25221",
"last_activity_date": "2022-06-26T22:11:59.003",
"last_edit_date": "2022-06-26T22:11:59.003",
"last_editor_user_id": "30454",
"owner_user_id": "9559",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"words",
"particles",
"kansai-ben"
],
"title": "What does the word 「やで」 mean?",
"view_count": 5499
} | [
{
"body": "Roughly, 「やで」 is the Kansai equivalent of the Kanto 「だよ」. It is an affirmation\nsentence-ender.\n\n「しとるんやで」≒「してるんだよ」",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-22T06:34:53.680",
"id": "25223",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-22T06:34:53.680",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "25221",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] | 25221 | 25223 | 25223 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25224",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Was reading a light novel and this sentence popped up:\n\n> ここまで動{うご}いてしまえば、フューネラルに気付{きづ}かれるのも時間の問題かもしれません。\n\nフューネラル refers to an organisation within the light novel setting.\n\nI'm confused by the usage of しまえば. Scouring the net, it seems to imply the\nmeaning of \"(something) is true\", but there seems to be nothing like a\ntranslation or usage guide on this. Am I missing something here?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-22T06:31:19.093",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25222",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-22T06:54:08.383",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10412",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"word-choice",
"translation"
],
"title": "How is しまえば used? In what context and how it should translated to?",
"view_count": 1885
} | [
{
"body": "してしまう = to end up doing.\n\nThus I would translate:\n\nここまで動いてしまえば -> Now that having ended up moving like this\n\nフューネラルに気付かれるのも時間の問題かもしれません -> it may be a matter of time that we are detected\nby Funeral",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-22T06:54:08.383",
"id": "25224",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-22T06:54:08.383",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10402",
"parent_id": "25222",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] | 25222 | 25224 | 25224 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25230",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "The concept would be like, a Japanese asks you if you are OK with speaking\nEnglish with him and you want to answer back \" If you'd like to speak English\n(instead of Japanese), it's fine by me\". I'm looking for something more\ncomplex than \" 英語で話してもいいです\". Maybe a formation with ば ?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-22T09:50:54.623",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25229",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-22T10:09:03.220",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-22T09:57:24.777",
"last_editor_user_id": "4419",
"owner_user_id": "4419",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"translation",
"usage"
],
"title": "How would you say \" If you'd like to speak English, it's fine by me\"?",
"view_count": 2617
} | [
{
"body": "I am flailing around as I don't think I fully understand what you are seeking\nafter...\n\nI would say 「英語で話して頂いても構いませんよ」to convey the meaning of \"If you'd like to speak\nEnglish (instead of Japanese), it's fine by me.\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-22T10:09:03.220",
"id": "25230",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-22T10:09:03.220",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10402",
"parent_id": "25229",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] | 25229 | 25230 | 25230 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25248",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I found a similar.question here on stackexchange, but I can't properly\nunderstand the answers given there. And the textbook _Genki_ doesn't give much\nof a detailed explanation on the plural form.\n\nWhat I've got so far is たち - the ultimate suffix which helps to make the word\nplural, for example 私たち or あなたたち.\n\nI think it only works with pronouns? If so, can it be loosely translated as\n\"and company\"?\n\nBut then how can I form the plural form of other words? As far as I know it's\nnot right to add this suffix to every existing noun to make it plural.\n\nFor example, if I want to say \"pictures\", would that be something like 絵画たち or\n絵画ら? Or are you supposed to find a proper kanji that represents the plural\nform in this case?\n\nThe other way I know of doing this is to just \"double\" the noun like this: -\nやまやま. ２ｘ山 = mountains, right? But does it work for the example above?\n\nAnd what about ら, eg. かれら. Can it be used for living things etc. as well?\n\nFinally, can you use this way of turning words into a plural form in a\nformal/informal context?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-22T10:14:29.733",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25231",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-22T14:56:36.023",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-22T11:10:24.880",
"last_editor_user_id": "3275",
"owner_user_id": null,
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"suffixes",
"plurals",
"morphology"
],
"title": "Plural form with -たち／-ら",
"view_count": 1461
} | [
{
"body": "I am convinced you are already aware that Japanese has no plural construction\nfor nouns, adjectives and verbs in general: the Japanese (speaking people)\nhave to guess from the context, hence prone to misunderstanding.\n\nThat said, I will write down individually.\n\nPronouns are easier to handle as you wrote.\n\n私 -> 私達（わたしたち）or 我々（われわれ）\n\n貴方・貴女（あなた） -> 貴方達・貴女達（あなたたち）\n\n彼（かれ）・彼女（かのじょ）-> 彼等（かれら）・彼女等（かのじょら）\n\nそれ -> それら\n\nBut for nouns? Ugh...\n\nI remember some math books writing 元たち for elements, ベクトルたち for vectors, etc.\n(元 is an \"element\" and ベクトル is a \"vector.\") Frankly, I don't feel at ease with\nthese constructions.\n\nOf course I can say 元(複数）or 複数の元 or 多くの元, but it is cumbersome. Sometimes your\nconstruction 山々（やまやま） works as in 人々（ひとびと） but not always: for example, 川々\nsounds awkward.\n\nI know what I wrote is far from what you hoped to get. I am sorry I can't come\nup with a satisfactory (re)solution of this situation.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-22T11:13:14.050",
"id": "25233",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-22T11:13:14.050",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10402",
"parent_id": "25231",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "It is not that it can't be used with nouns. It cannot be used with anything\nthat is inanimate. Thus, since a picture is inanimate, 絵画たち would be\nungrammatical. You should just use 絵画 regardless if it's just one or many.\nThere won't be misunderstandings if the number isn't important, and if it is\nimportant, you should specify it, even if the number is general (like 数).\n\nAlso, I disagree with 達 being called a \"pluralizing\" suffix. X達 means\nsomething like, \"the group of people that includes X\", which is different from\nthe English plural. The English plural means there are two or more of the same\nthing, whereas 達 doesn't imply that. \"Students\", for example, means there are\nseveral students, but they are _all_ students; 「学生たち」 means \"the group that\nincludes the student\", meaning there's at least one student, but not\nnecessarily all of them. Of course, in reality, it's _likely_ they're all\nstudents unless context hints otherwise, but it doesn't have to be that way.\n\nUnlike English, Japanese doesn't usually care about the number of things to\nbegin with. In English, you're always required to give a hint at the number of\nthe item, even if it's unimportant. In Japanese, there is no such requirement,\nand listeners will guess from context what the number of the item is if you\ndon't give them the number.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-22T14:56:36.023",
"id": "25248",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-22T14:56:36.023",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9749",
"parent_id": "25231",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] | 25231 | 25248 | 25248 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "An example textbook sentence:\n\n> かかるついでに、見たてまつり給はむや How about looking at him (Genji) on this occasion?\n\nたてまつる is humble auxiliary, 給ふ（給う） is honorific. Does this reflect a\nrelationship between 3 people, where:\n\nspeaker - 給ふ - addressee - たてまつる - Genji\n\nSo speaker is both elevating addressee's status with 給ふ honorific while also\nhumbling him before Genji?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-22T10:38:30.200",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25232",
"last_activity_date": "2016-08-03T21:30:15.630",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10429",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"honorifics"
],
"title": "How does a single verb construct work when it has both honorific and humble auxiliaries?",
"view_count": 170
} | [
{
"body": "Your great, concise description agrees with the following Q&A :\n\n> <http://detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp/qa/question_detail/q1132656341> \n> （僧都が尼君に）「この世にののしり給ふ光源氏、かかるついでに見たてまつり給はむや」 （源氏物語）\n\nののしる today means \"to curse, badmouth, ...\" but in Genji's time it meant \"to be\nfamous\" among other meanings.\n\nThis Q&A page also explains the penultimate 「む」\n\n> 「む」には(1)推量・予想、(2)意志・決意、(3)適当・勧誘、(4)仮定、(5)婉曲という五つの意味がありますが\n\nIn this text, it is (3)適当・勧誘 == 適当…［～がよい］, 勧誘…［～しませんか］\n\n( One minor point: the addressee 尼君 is female, so the speaker is both\nelevating addressee's status with the 給ふ honorific, while also humbling [her]\nbefore Genji. )\n\n```\n\n 見たてまつり reminded me of \"A cat may look at a king.\"\n \n```",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2016-08-03T21:10:31.337",
"id": "37183",
"last_activity_date": "2016-08-03T21:30:15.630",
"last_edit_date": "2016-08-03T21:30:15.630",
"last_editor_user_id": "16344",
"owner_user_id": "16344",
"parent_id": "25232",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] | 25232 | null | 37183 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25235",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "The original sentence from the light novel:\n\n> もしもこの作戦が失敗したら、我々は、我々の宿願の為、カルペデイムに戦争を仕掛け **なくてはならなくなる** 。\n\nカルペデイム, Carpe Diem, is a fictional place in the light novel setting.\n\nI've found reference for なくてはならない in both\n[tangorin](http://tangorin.com/general/%E3%81%AA%E3%81%8F%E3%81%A6%E3%81%AF%E3%81%AA%E3%82%89)\nand [this site](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/2500/must-\ndo-%EF%BD%9E%E3%81%AA%E3%81%91%E3%82%8C%E3%81%B0%E3%81%AA%E3%82%89%E3%81%AA%E3%81%84-vs-%EF%BD%9E%E3%81%AA%E3%81%8F%E3%81%A6%E3%81%AF%E3%81%84%E3%81%91%E3%81%AA%E3%81%84)\nbut so far none for なくてはなら itself. For なくては I understand that it means \"unless\nor without\" while なら it would mean \"if\". However, stringing the both together,\nalong with the なくなる phrase, which I understand to be \"disappear\", in this\ncontext, makes me confused.\n\nIn context, the whole sentence may be translated as,\n\nIf, assuming that our strategy has failed, for us, the objective of our wish\nwill disappear unless we wage a war in the Carpe Diem.\n\nCan someone please clarify the usage of the above-mentioned phrases for me?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-22T11:22:19.977",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25234",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-22T12:18:55.197",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-13T12:43:44.740",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "10412",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"word-choice",
"translation"
],
"title": "Is my understanding for the phrase, なくてはならなくなる correct?",
"view_count": 297
} | [
{
"body": "我々の宿願の為 = 我々の宿願を達成する為\n\nI have never read the novel but I suspect Carpe Diem (= Sieze the day = Enjoy\nyourself today) refers to some organisation rather than the mere name of a\nplace.\n\nしなくてはならなくなる -> will be obliged to do\n\nThus I would translate\n\nもしもこの作戦が失敗したら、我々は、我々の宿願の為、カルペデイムに戦争を仕掛けなくてはならなくなる。\n\nas\n\nIf this operation fails, we will be obliged to wage war against Carpe Diem in\norder to achieve our cherished desire.\n\n*** added ***\n\nしなくてはならなくなる = しなくては + ならなく + なる <-\n\nしない + て + は + ならない + なる\n\n_roughly_ translates into\n\nnot to do + (conjugative suffix) + (particle indicating the preceding word is\nthe subject of the following verb) + not permitted, not acceptable + to\nbecome, will\n\nBut I recommend you memorise しなくてはならない as \"to have to do,\" since that will\ngreatly simplify the things.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-22T11:45:57.370",
"id": "25235",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-22T12:18:55.197",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-22T12:18:55.197",
"last_editor_user_id": "10402",
"owner_user_id": "10402",
"parent_id": "25234",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] | 25234 | 25235 | 25235 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25265",
"answer_count": 4,
"body": "Are there any differences in intonation if used in a sentence like this?\n\n> 支持率が高い **ことから/から** 、多くの国民が新内閣に期待していることがわかる",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-22T12:30:00.757",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25236",
"last_activity_date": "2017-11-12T13:55:29.087",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"nuances"
],
"title": "Difference between ことから and から",
"view_count": 2461
} | [
{
"body": "Is the following \"decomposition\" helpful?\n\n支持率が高いことから、多くの国民が新内閣に期待していることがわかる reads\n\n支持率が高いこと + から + 多くの国民が新内閣に期待していること + がわかる\n\n*** added ***\n\nI hope the following parsing helps.\n\nFrom the fact that 支持率が高い one concludes that 多くの国民が新内閣に期待している\n\n*** added again ***\n\nFirst, the construction connects \"支持率が高いこと\" and \"多くの国民が新内閣に期待していること.\" And \"から\"\nindicates that \"支持率が高いこと\" is the reason of the conclusion \"わかる\".\n\nDoes it make sense?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-22T12:38:30.893",
"id": "25237",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-23T02:26:10.113",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-23T02:26:10.113",
"last_editor_user_id": "10402",
"owner_user_id": "10402",
"parent_id": "25236",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "から of 高い/こと/から is \"from\" \nから of 高い/から is \"because\"\n\nIf I translate, I use these structures\n\n〜ことから \n「支持率が高いこと」 shows 「多くの国民が新内閣に期待していること」\n\n〜だから \nBecause 「支持率が高い」, (we) 「多くの国民が新内閣に期待していることがわかる」",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-23T04:49:34.310",
"id": "25265",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-23T05:51:02.173",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-23T05:51:02.173",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "10436",
"parent_id": "25236",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "AことからB implies a rational belief, logical connection, or cause and effect\nrelationship, similar to AからB. However, when using ことから, A is considered\nreliable, fact-like, or well-known. Using から alone is more neutral, and\ndoesn't necessarily imply this.\n\nFor further information, here's 3000 words: \n<https://www.tofugu.com/japanese/japanese-grammar-kotokara/>",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-11-12T11:07:09.730",
"id": "54426",
"last_activity_date": "2017-11-12T11:07:09.730",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "26456",
"parent_id": "25236",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "（１）支持率が高い **ことから** 、多くの国民が新内閣に期待していることがわかる。 \n（２）支持率が高い **から** 、多くの国民が新内閣に期待していることがわかる\n\nまず最初に、日本語の自然さについて考えます。 \n（１）は、日本語として自然です。 （２）は、日本語して少しだけ変です。私なら、（３）または（４）のように言い換えます。\nただし、（３）と（４）とを比較すると、「支持率が高い」だけでは「多くの国民が新内閣に期待している」とまでは言い切れないので、（３）ではなく、（４）のように言うと思います。\n\n> （３）支持率が高いから、多くの国民が新内閣に期待しているのだとわかる。 \n> （４）支持率が高いから、多くの国民が新内閣に期待しているのだろうと思う。\n\n次に、（１）、（２）の意味を考えます。私の意味の理解は、user10436さんに非常に近いです。(+1 vote)\n\n（１）は次のような意味です。 \n私/私たちは次のことがわかる：支持率が高いことから多くの国民が新内閣に期待しているということ。\n\n（２）は次のような意味です。 \n支持率が高いから、私/私たちは、多くの国民が新内閣に期待しているのだとわかる。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-11-12T13:55:29.087",
"id": "54430",
"last_activity_date": "2017-11-12T13:55:29.087",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20624",
"parent_id": "25236",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] | 25236 | 25265 | 25265 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25240",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Original sentence in the novel is:\n\n> 何 **かしら** の手は打ってくるだろう\n\n[A post in this site](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/164/are-\nthere-any-situations-where-%E3%81%8B%E3%81%97%E3%82%89-is-considered-\nappropriate-normal-for-males-to) shows that it is a particle used more by\nfemales, while\n[tangorin](http://tangorin.com/general/%E3%81%8B%E3%81%97%E3%82%89) also shows\nit to be used as the meaning of \"head\", aside of the usage as a particle to\nmean \"I wonder\".\n\nI think I'm supposed to treat it as a particle, but then there is the の\nparticle that just confuses me. Can someone please explain the usage of かしら\nwith の in this context?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-22T12:53:51.893",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25238",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-22T23:12:42.187",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-13T12:43:43.857",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "10412",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"word-choice",
"translation"
],
"title": "How should かしら be used in the middle of the sentence?",
"view_count": 346
} | [
{
"body": "何かしら means something along \"about something or another\".\n\n子供はいつもなにかしらいたずらをしている。\n\nChildren are always doing some mischief (or other stupid things).\n\n誰でも[何]{なに}かしら[欠点]{けってん}がある。\n\nEverybody has some weak points (or other faults e.t.c.).\n\nかしら after 何 qualifies 何 as something not necessarily limiting to the object of\nthe sentence (e.g. the mischief) but also to other similar actions ( e.g.\npranks e.t.c).",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-22T13:09:08.710",
"id": "25240",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-22T23:12:42.187",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-22T23:12:42.187",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "4419",
"parent_id": "25238",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] | 25238 | 25240 | 25240 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25241",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Based on my attempt below, アルバイト and アルバイト先 have the same meaning of \"part-\ntime job\", so why is 先 needed in アルバイト先で ?\n\nThe following searching results are intentionally attached here to prove I\nhave done some effort but I still failed to understand.\n\n * 先 \n * アルバイト \n * アルバイト先 \n * アルバイトで \n * アルバイト先で ",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-22T13:01:31.330",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25239",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-22T13:26:54.567",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9896",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Why is 先 needed in アルバイト先で?",
"view_count": 2024
} | [
{
"body": "先 attached in the ending of words usually defines the place where the noun\ntakes place. アルバイト先 means the place of the part time job. Sometimes Japanese\neven say バイト先.",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-22T13:16:11.580",
"id": "25241",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-22T13:16:11.580",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "4419",
"parent_id": "25239",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 12
},
{
"body": "There is of course a good reason for using 「[先]{さき}」.\n\nConsider the two sentences below:\n\n「アルバイトでピアノを[弾]{ひ}いた。」= It is your job to play the piano.\n\n「アルバイト **先** でピアノを弾いた。」= There happens to be a piano where you work part-time\nand you played it one day. It may have been before, during or after work.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-22T13:26:54.567",
"id": "25242",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-22T13:26:54.567",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "25239",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 12
}
] | 25239 | 25241 | 25241 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25264",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "While reading though Haruo Shirane’s _Classical Japanese: A Grammar_ , I came\nacross the following passage:\n\n> が started as an attributive case particle, became a subject particle, and\n> then turned into a conjunctive particle. In the ancient period, the subject\n> case particle did not exist. The typical structure was subject + predicate,\n> as in 花咲く, or subject + adjective, as in 山高し. It was only beginning in the\n> Muromachi period that the pattern 花が咲く and 山が高し, with が marking the subject,\n> became standard.\n\nWhile this makes sense looking at actual textual examples, I’m finding it\ndifficult to understand the progression. Would anyone be able to explain what\nis the semantic basis for an attributive particle (or genitive case) taking on\nthe role of subject particle (or nominative case)?\n\n(As an aside, the same section in the same describes the uses of の as a case\nparticle, which all correspond to the uses of が: subject marker, attributive\nmarker, implied nominal, apposition. Is there some explanation as to why there\nwould be two case particles which seem to serve largely the same purpose? And\nis this the underlying mechanism for the が/の alternation in modern Japanese\nattributive clauses?)",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-22T13:29:50.120",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25243",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-23T04:05:34.350",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-22T13:35:11.330",
"last_editor_user_id": "5328",
"owner_user_id": "5328",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particles",
"history",
"particle-が",
"classical-japanese"
],
"title": "What is the explanation for the archaic attributive particle が becoming a modern subject particle?",
"view_count": 357
} | [
{
"body": "Early stages of Japanese did not have relative clauses, but it was possible to\nmodify nouns with attributive verbs (using contemporary lexicon/morphology for\nease):\n\n> 咲く丘 a hill where something grows\n\nI believe that from early stages, there was little restriction on the semantic\nrole of 丘 in the action of 咲く, i.e. all this is really saying is \"a hill that\nhas something to do with some growing\".\n\nWith no relative clauses, one would have to modify the whole noun phrase (not\nthe verb) to say what is growing\n\n> 花が[咲く丘] \"a hill of flowers where growing is going on\"\n\nAt some point, this was reanalyzed so 花が modifies 咲く, and we have something\nthat looks like a real relative clause\n\n> [花が咲く]丘 \"a hill where flowers are growing\"\n\nIn the end, が is understand to be a general subject marker, not limited to\nrelative clauses.\n\nThis is covered in the literature, as @snailboat mentions, but I don't have it\nin front of me, and I can't comment on the chronology without it. This is just\nin case you want some general intuition about the semantic progression.",
"comment_count": 7,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-23T04:05:34.350",
"id": "25264",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-23T04:05:34.350",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "1073",
"parent_id": "25243",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] | 25243 | 25264 | 25264 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25245",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "The full dialogue in the light novel is:\n\n> 「だが注意したまえ。白峰は聡い男だからネ。何かしらの **手は打ってくる** だろう」\n\nThe characters were discussing about some operation.\n\nI'm not sure of why the author would use the particle は here instead of を.\n[From another post on the usage of\n何かしら](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/25238/how-\nshould-%E3%81%8B%E3%81%97%E3%82%89-be-used-in-the-middle-of-the-sentence), I\nhave taken it to mean \"some kind of\", and in this case, would the sentence\nmean that, \"as for some kind of measure, I think he would strike us\" , but as\n[this comment has\nshown](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/25238/how-\nshould-%E3%81%8B%E3%81%97%E3%82%89-be-used-in-the-middle-of-the-\nsentence/25240?noredirect=1#comment54650_25240), if を is used instead, then it\nmight mean \"I think he will use some kind of measures towards us.\"\n\nCan someone please clarify the usage of particles in this context?\n\nEdit: [A further comment from the above mention\ncommenter](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/25238/how-\nshould-%E3%81%8B%E3%81%97%E3%82%89-be-used-in-the-middle-of-the-\nsentence/25240?noredirect=1#comment54654_25240) explained that it might\noriginally be をは but the を has been dropped by the author to make the action\nitself be the topic instead.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-22T13:38:06.867",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25244",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-22T21:00:42.973",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-13T12:43:44.863",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "10412",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"word-choice",
"translation"
],
"title": "How should 手は打ってくる be translated?",
"view_count": 204
} | [
{
"body": "As I posted on a previous comment, to my understanding を is omitted because\nthe action of \"taking measures\" needs to be qualified as the topic. There is\nalso a great answer from Derek Schaab about particle omission here\n<https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/3152/4419>.",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-22T13:50:41.907",
"id": "25245",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-22T13:50:41.907",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-13T12:43:48.447",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "4419",
"parent_id": "25244",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "Compared with 何かしらの手を…, using は conveys a sense of \"at least\".",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-22T21:00:42.973",
"id": "25256",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-22T21:00:42.973",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "4092",
"parent_id": "25244",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] | 25244 | 25245 | 25256 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25253",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "# Background\n\nIn my understanding that might be wrong, I think the ～ない form of a verb\nbecomes an i-adjective. For example,\n\n> 納{なっ}豆{とう}を食{た}べない人{ひと}が多{おお}いです。\n\nwhere 納{なっ}豆{とう}を食{た}べない modifies 人{ひと}.\n\nFurthermore, I think I should be able to make use of the following pattern as\nwell,\n\n> 目{め}が大{おお}きくて納{なっ}豆{とう}を食{た}べない人{ひと}が多{おお}いです。\n\nor in the reversed order,\n\n> 納{なっ}豆{とう}を食{た}べなくて目{め}が大{おお}きい人{ひと}が多{おお}いです。\n\n# Question\n\nToday I learnt a new grammar.\n\n> 砂{さ}糖{とう}を入{い}れてコーヒーを飲みます。\n\nWhat makes me confused is the negative version as follows,\n\n> 砂{さ}糖{とう}を入{い}れないでコーヒーを飲みます。\n\nWhy don't we use ～なくて instead of ～ないで as follows?\n\n> 砂{さ}糖{とう}を入{い}れなくてコーヒーを飲みます。",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-22T14:34:32.867",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25246",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-06T05:15:28.967",
"last_edit_date": "2017-06-06T05:15:28.967",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9896",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 9,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"て-form",
"negation"
],
"title": "Why don't we use ～なくて instead of ～ないで?",
"view_count": 2815
} | [
{
"body": "ないで comes from the combination of ない negative verbal form and で which stands\nfor way, means of doing sth e.t.c. ないで generally can be used in the same\ncontext with なくて but なくて is a plain negative form with the connector て.\n\nThe example you present is better off with ないで because it translates word-to-\nword to\n\n\" I drink the coffee, by the mean of not adding sugar\", so \"I drink the coffee\nwithout adding sugar\".\n\nThe なくて version just connects things you do or don't.\n\n\"I do not add sugar and I drink coffee\".\n\nThis could be easier understood with the following example:\n\n私は学校に行かなくて山田先生に行きました。\n\nI did not go to school and I went to sensei Yamada. (This day I didn't go to\nschool and I did go to sensei Yamada. I didn't plan to meet Yamada at school,\nI might have planned to meet him at the park, the konbini e.t.c. I just didn't\ngo to school and I went to see sensei Yamada these two events do not have a\nlogical connection).\n\n私は学校に行かないで山田先生に行きました。\n\nI went to sensei Yamada without going to school.\n\n(This day I didn't go to school and I imply that this might be the proper\nplace to meet him, but I finally managed to see him elsewhere without going to\nschool).",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-22T16:15:51.313",
"id": "25253",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-22T16:15:51.313",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "4419",
"parent_id": "25246",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] | 25246 | 25253 | 25253 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25251",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Can someone please explain the difference between\n\n * **とあれば**\n * **にあって**\n * **とあって**\n\nI've read the explanation from my 新完全マスター book but I'm afraid I don't fully\nunderstand the difference in nuance between these grammatical patterns.\n\nThanks",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-22T14:40:21.323",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25247",
"last_activity_date": "2019-10-17T09:45:13.507",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "4965",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 7,
"tags": [
"jlpt"
],
"title": "Difference between とあれば、にあって、とあって",
"view_count": 2089
} | [
{
"body": "> 「～～ **と** あれば」= \" ** _if_** it is for ~~\". Think of it as an emphatic form\n> of 「なら」.\n\n「よし[子]{こ}のためとあれば、[死]{し}んでもかまわない。」 = \"I would not mind dying it it were for\nYoshiko.\"\n\nYou can insert 「もし」 at the beginning of the sentence if you want to.\n\nOccasionally, you will encounter the literary form 「～～とあ **ら** ば」. The form\n\"-- **a** ba\", instead of \"-- **e** ba\" is heavily used in set phrases such as\n「急{いそ}がば回{まわ}れ」 (\"Slow and steady wins the race.\").\n\n> 「～～ **に** あって」= \"during ~~\", \"in the condition of ~~\" Think of it as an\n> emphatic form of 「に」.\n\n「この[非常時]{ひじょうじ}にあっても、キミ子は[冷静]{れいせい}だった。」= \"Even during this emergency, Kimiko\nwas calm.\"\n\n> 「～～ **と** あって」= \"because of ~~\", \"due to the fact that ~~\", etc. It\n> expresses the specialness of the occasion.\n\n「５[年]{ねん}に[一度]{いちど}のお[祭]{まつ}りとあって、[誰]{だれ}もが[興奮]{こうふん}していた。」 = \"Because it was\na once-in-every-five-years festival, everyone was excited.\"",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-22T15:28:09.733",
"id": "25251",
"last_activity_date": "2019-10-17T09:45:13.507",
"last_edit_date": "2019-10-17T09:45:13.507",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "25247",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 10
}
] | 25247 | 25251 | 25251 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I can't figure out what difference there's between those two grammar forms.\nThey're both used as \"regardless of\" (like in 年齢を問わず、 年齢にかかわらず), so what's the\ndifference that I'm not seeing here?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-22T15:11:33.907",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25250",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-23T11:07:00.193",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10399",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Difference between 「にかかわらず」 and 「を問わず」",
"view_count": 3934
} | [
{
"body": "I think they can be used interchangeably as \"irrespectively, regardless of.\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-23T02:53:14.897",
"id": "25262",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-23T02:53:14.897",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10402",
"parent_id": "25250",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "There is a **_clear_** difference.\n\n> 「～～を[問]{と}わず」 = \"regardless of ~~\" in the sense of \"no questions asked about\n> ~~\" even though one could ask questions about \"~~\" if one wanted to.\n\nExamples: 「[年齢]{ねんれい}を問わず (age)」、「[性別]{せいべつ}を問わず (gender)」、「[経験]{けいけん}を問わず\n(experience)」, etc.\n\nYou will frequently encounter those phrases in help-wanted ads. The word\n「[不問]{ふもん}」 is usually used to save space in newspapers, magazines, etc.\n\n> 「～～に[関]{かか}わらず」 = \"regardless of ~~\" in the sense of \"~~ bearing no\n> influence (on another event)\" mostly because one has no control of \"~~\"\n\nExamples: 「サッカーの[試合]{しあい}は、[天候]{てんこう}に関わらず[行]{おこな}われる。」= \"Soccer matches are\nheld regardless of the weather.\"\n\n「[明日]{あす}の[立食]{りっしょく}パーティーでは、[参加者数]{さんかしゃすう}に関わらず、[決]{き}まった[量]{りょう}の[料理]{りょうり}が[出]{だ}されます。」=\n\"At the buffet-style party tomorrow, the pre-determined portions of food will\nbe served regardless of the actual number of participants.\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-23T11:07:00.193",
"id": "25276",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-23T11:07:00.193",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "25250",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
] | 25250 | null | 25276 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25260",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I aggressively cleaned my ear canal with my finger and the canal got\nscratched. After several weeks elapsed, it got naturally healed but I cannot\nhear clearly probably because of the dead skin or scab abandoned inside. I\nwant to remove it in an ear-nose-throat clinic and to explain it to the\ndoctor.\n\nI am afraid if I make use of a wrong word and makes the doctor confused. I\nhave tried to use a free online dictionary, I got the following results.\n\n * dead skin : 壊死した皮膚\n\n * scab : かさぶた\n\nWhat are the best words to convey the same meaning of scab and dead skin,\nrespectively?",
"comment_count": 8,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-22T15:47:06.400",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25252",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-23T02:07:36.907",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9896",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"word-choice"
],
"title": "What are the best words to convey the same meaning of scab and dead skin, respectively?",
"view_count": 340
} | [
{
"body": "You have already got the best word for \"scab\".\n\nThe word I would suggest for \"dead skin\" is 「[角質]{かくしつ}」. 「[壊死]{えし}した[皮膚]{ひふ}」\nsounds more like a dictionary definition. It is not something a patient would\nsay.\n\nThat said, you could just copy the following and show it to your doctor.\n\n「数週間前、耳掃除をやりすぎてしまい、耳の中を傷つけてしまいました。一応、傷自体は治っていると思いますが、かさぶたや角質が詰まっているせいか、聞こえが悪いような気がします。今日は、耳の中を掃除していただければと思って参りました。」",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-23T01:17:27.173",
"id": "25260",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-23T02:07:36.907",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-23T02:07:36.907",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "25252",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] | 25252 | 25260 | 25260 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I read online about different usages for あなた and how it can convey meanings\nand it's best to be avoided as it can come off as rude.\n\nso I got into a situation where I was referred as anata by an older Japanese\nguy who knows my name and calls me by it. I got confused.\n\nHe was complimenting my Japanese and followed it up with: あなたはとても、すごいです。I'm\nnot sure if あなた here conveys distance?\n\nappreciate any explanation!",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-22T18:56:22.753",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25255",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-23T00:38:42.573",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-22T19:25:13.470",
"last_editor_user_id": "9212",
"owner_user_id": "10430",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"words",
"second-person-pronouns"
],
"title": "あなた when a guy says that to a girl",
"view_count": 524
} | [
{
"body": "My real question here would be: \"Would that gentleman have referred to you as\n「あなた」 if you were a Japanese girl of your age?\"\n\nIf that is how he usually refers to others, then that is just his speech\nstyle. Whether that is common or not is not his concern. In all of my life as\na Japanese-speaker living in Japan since birth, I honestly have yet to\nencounter a person who does that. But who knows? Your friend may be that very\nrare Japanese-speaker.\n\nAnother thing I would like to mention is the fact that quite a few Japanese\npeople speak a \"different\" kind of Japanese when they speak to non-Japanese\npeople. This is probably not openly mentioned often but they do that. Some of\nyou may have noticed it as well.\n\nThe **_frequent use of pronouns_** is one big feature of this \"different\" kind\nof Japanese that I speak of. It is also heard/seen in Japanese dubbing and\nsubtitles of non-Japanese films, dramas, animation, etc. Though to a lesser\nextent, pronouns are more often used in fiction (than in real life) that is\noriginally in Japanese as well.\n\nSo, it is difficult to discuss what was intended by the short sentence\n「あなたはとても、すごいです。」 taken out of the context. I personally do not really feel\nthat it conveys distance but that is just a feeling. He may have used 「あなた」\nhere because he had already used your name a few times immediately before\nthis.\n\n(To be completely honest, the sentence 「あなたはとても、すごいです。」 does not flow well.\nWhy the comma? It looks like something a begnning J-learner would say. It\nlooks like it took one 3 minutes to form that sentence.)",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-23T00:38:42.573",
"id": "25259",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-23T00:38:42.573",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "25255",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] | 25255 | null | 25259 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25266",
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "If I were to explain the (pedantic) difference between \"English\" and\n\"British\", what would be the word for \"British\"?\n\nI might want to perform the following explanation in Japanese as in this\nquestion on ELU: [Difference between English and\nBritish](https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/51978/what-is-the-\ndifference-between-english-and-british). What would be the word for \"British\"\nin the context of that discussion?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-22T21:51:48.440",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25257",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-23T08:52:46.100",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-13T12:38:10.367",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "10193",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"english-to-japanese"
],
"title": "Word for \"British\"? (I don't mean \"English / イギリス\")",
"view_count": 2750
} | [
{
"body": "I would transliterate British as \"ブリティッシュ\" and Britain as \"ブリテン\".\n\n_And_ I would explain the difference as Barrie England has done in the article\nyou referred to, together with a short history of the Norman conquest which\nled to name the isles \"Great Britain\" in contrast to \"Bretagne\".",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-23T03:01:54.097",
"id": "25263",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-23T03:01:54.097",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10402",
"parent_id": "25257",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": -1
},
{
"body": "イギリス sounds like English, but actually イギリス is NOT equivalent to English.\nAccording to [this web page](http://okwave.jp/qa/q3564983/a10852810.html),\nイギリス is an import word from Portuguese language. It originally means England,\nbut its meaning has changed in Japan. It doesn't only mean England, but entire\nland of the UK now.\n\nSo, イギリス is the equivalent to the UK.\n\nイギリス人{じん} is equivalent to British people, usually means people who have\nBritish nationality.\n\nイングランド is the equivalent to England.\n\nイングランド人{じん} is the equivalent to English people.\n\nBy the way, there is a Japanese word [英国人]{えいこくじん}. It sometimes means English\npeople, sometimes means British people. So you should avoid using it if you\nwant to make it clear difference between English and British.",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-23T05:07:42.210",
"id": "25266",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-23T07:51:32.100",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-23T07:51:32.100",
"last_editor_user_id": "9608",
"owner_user_id": "9608",
"parent_id": "25257",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 9
},
{
"body": "英国 えいこく also stands for british. 英国人 えいこくじん Bitish People",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-23T08:52:46.100",
"id": "25271",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-23T08:52:46.100",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10437",
"parent_id": "25257",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] | 25257 | 25266 | 25266 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Okay, so I am studying the Japanese language and i am struggling to understand\nthe に and で particles fully. from what i understand the de particle shows an\naction happening within a location, while ni shows the 'existence' of\nsomething or a specific direction something goes in. My two examples being\nライブラリで眠った (i fell asleep in the library) and ライブラリにだった (i was in the\nlibrary(is it right to use datta? or should it be ita?)). Not sure if the\nsentence is 100% but are they the correct particles in context?",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-22T22:35:33.243",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25258",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-23T08:56:41.223",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10431",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"particles"
],
"title": "What's the difference between the ni and de particles?",
"view_count": 1862
} | [
{
"body": "You're on the right track. Off the top of my head, で denotes action at a\nlocation, can also be used to connect multiple clauses in a sentence, means of\nan action, and also cause of effect. に on the other hand is used for direction\nof a subject, existence of a subject, or action at an event. For the most part\nit should be relatively easy to distinguish when to use the two.\n\nExamples:\n\n`action at a location` 公園で遊んだ (I played at the park)\n\n`connect multiple clauses in a sentence` うどんは日本の名物で美味しい。(Udon is popular\nJapanese product and is delicious)\n\n`means of an action` 車で学校へ行く。 (I go to school by car)\n\n`cause of effect` 大雪で行かなかった。 (I didn't go because of\\due to heavy snow)\n\n`direction of a subject` デパートに行った。(I went to the department store)\n\n`existence of a subject` 家にいる。(I'm at home)\n\n`action at an event` 試合に勝って勝負に負けた。(I won the match but lost the contest.\nSimilar to saying winning a battle but losing the war)\n\nThe last example uses に twice to emphasize how you would use it in an action.\nIt would sound weird to insert で instead of に because the action happened at\nan event and not a location.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-23T07:45:50.980",
"id": "25270",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-23T07:45:50.980",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10428",
"parent_id": "25258",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "your are right but you asked ライブラリにだった(I was in the library) is wrong you\nshould use ita...iru is a verb used for human and animated things. desu(datta)\nis a sentence ending particle..",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-23T08:56:41.223",
"id": "25272",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-23T08:56:41.223",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10437",
"parent_id": "25258",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] | 25258 | null | 25270 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25269",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Here is the sentence including the word.\n\nだいたいだな ジョーってやつはじぶんの腹{はら}をこやすために うちのせがれどもを利{り}用{よう} **しとったんや**",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-23T06:38:45.387",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25267",
"last_activity_date": "2018-12-21T00:21:44.060",
"last_edit_date": "2018-12-21T00:21:44.060",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9559",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"words",
"dialects"
],
"title": "What does the word 「しとったんや」 mean?",
"view_count": 371
} | [
{
"body": "しとったんや means しておったのだ → していたのだ, \"was doing\", in colloquial Kansai-ben.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-23T06:50:08.473",
"id": "25269",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-23T14:39:37.647",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-23T14:39:37.647",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "25267",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 8
}
] | 25267 | 25269 | 25269 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25279",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I came across a paragraph on s.c. 距離感覚, the overall meaning of which is\neluding me:\n\n>\n> 人間に限らず、生き物なら誰でも自分のテリトリーを持っている。それは親しくもない赤の他人に侵されたら、不快に思う個々人の距離感覚。喩えるなら公共の食堂やトイレ、遊戯場、なんでもいい。\n> **隣の奴から一つ二つは席を開けて** 、無意識のうちに間合いを取るという行為がそれだ。一般に、若い男であればあるほど、その範囲は広いらしい。\n\nWhat does 奴から席を開ける mean here?\n\nIf 席を開ける were to mean \"to open a seat / to make a seat vacant\", and if 奴 were\nthe agent, why isn't 開ける followed by passive られる auxiliary (開けられる)? More so,\n\"to move away unconsciously\" (無意識のうちに間合いを取る) wouldn't make sense this way.\nFrom 無意識のうちに間合いを取る, 席を開ける would be expected to mean the opposite, for \"seat to\nbe taken\", but that just doesn't fit with any of the meanings of 開ける I could\nfind in dictionaries so far.\n\nIn other words, I'm looking for some help on what's going on in:\n\n> 隣の奴から一つ二つは席を開けて、無意識のうちに間合いを取るという行為がそれだ。\n\nThank you for your patience.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-23T13:47:20.533",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25278",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-23T14:07:30.423",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10429",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "What does 席を開ける mean here?",
"view_count": 380
} | [
{
"body": "Hope the following helps.\n\n隣の奴から 一つ二つは 席を開けて by letting one or two seats between oneself and the nearby\nbloke unoccupied\n\n無意識のうちに 間合いを取る unconciously secure a neutral zone (Caveat: this is _not_ a\nverbatim translation.)",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-23T14:07:30.423",
"id": "25279",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-23T14:07:30.423",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10402",
"parent_id": "25278",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] | 25278 | 25279 | 25279 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25286",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "As Japanese houses commonly have higher floor, the verb 上がる (go up) is\nappropriate, I think.\n\nHow about non-Japanese houses in which the floor has the same level? Is the\nphrase うちに上がる still compatible?\n\nOne more question, is it ok to use うちに入る instead of うちに上がる ?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-23T15:01:47.433",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25280",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-24T00:27:42.583",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-23T15:22:33.477",
"last_editor_user_id": "9896",
"owner_user_id": "9896",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"word-choice"
],
"title": "Is the phrase うちに上がる still compatible for non-Japanese style houses?",
"view_count": 138
} | [
{
"body": "I would still use 「[上]{あ}がる」 even if I moved to a basement or tepee tomorrow.\nI cannot speak for other Japanese-speakers but I myself do not really think of\n\"going up\" when I say 「[家]{いえ}に上がる」 even though the floor of my home is over\n40 centimeters (two steps!) higher than the \"genkan\" = \"entrance\".\n\nIf I used 「家に[入]{はい}る」, I would feel as if I were a thief entering a house\nwithout removing my shoes. As a resident or guest, I would always use 「上がる」.\n\nI might also add that even in the latest wheelchair-accessible condominiums\nwith no elevated floor, people still use 「上がる」.\n\nBut who knows? A couple of generations after moving into a tepee, my\ndescendants might be saying 「家に入る」 or the equivalent of that in Navajo.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-24T00:27:42.583",
"id": "25286",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-24T00:27:42.583",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "25280",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] | 25280 | 25286 | 25286 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Is it possible to use 持{も}っていく with people? Or is another verb used for taking\npeople to places? For example: 毎日学校に妹を持っていく",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-23T15:06:10.813",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25281",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-24T03:35:20.850",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-24T03:35:20.850",
"last_editor_user_id": "1805",
"owner_user_id": "5423",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"word-choice"
],
"title": "Using 持っていく with people",
"view_count": 8527
} | [
{
"body": "You cannot 持っていく to mean bringing someone somewhere. It's only used when\ntalking about objects, hence the literal meaning \"hold and go\".\n\nIf you want to say \"to take someone somewhere\", you should either some form of\n連れる{つれる}, like 連れていく, or 送る. Keep in mind though that 連れていく is only for\nbringing people of lower status.\n\n> 毎日学校に妹を連れていく",
"comment_count": 14,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-23T15:43:23.187",
"id": "25282",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-23T15:43:23.187",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9749",
"parent_id": "25281",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 8
}
] | 25281 | null | 25282 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25287",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "> いま どこ に いるの\n\nI found this sentence online while I was trying to better understand the verbs\nある and いる and apparently its translates to \"Where are you now\"\n\nI know what most of the sentence is but I guess I'm having a hard time\nunderstanding exactly as to how ある and いる translate and then I found の at the\nend of いる and I have no idea what this の could mean. I understand they usually\nmean \"to have\" or \"there is\" and I'm not sure why but when I see them they\nalways confuse me.\n\n> ex. たべたい ひと が いる\n\nThis is the title of a song I found and I want to say it translates as\n\n> There is a person/There are people I want to eat\n\nBut I'm not really sure、 and I don't really know why I'm so unsure since the\nconcept behind ある and いる does seem simple.\n\napologies if this question as a whole doesn't make much sense",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-23T22:56:24.763",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25283",
"last_activity_date": "2017-07-26T16:39:01.313",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-23T23:04:09.807",
"last_editor_user_id": "10247",
"owner_user_id": "10247",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation",
"meaning",
"verbs"
],
"title": "ある、いる、and いるの in this sentence",
"view_count": 1941
} | [
{
"body": "The `の` at the end of the sentence makes the sentence sounds more natural, it\ndoesn't really have a meaning by itself.\n\nYou could, as well, use `か` instead to make it clear that the sentence is a\nquestion, either replacing `の` with `か` or using `のか`\n\nSo the question `いま どこ に いるの` means `where are we now?`",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-24T00:08:11.910",
"id": "25285",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-24T00:08:11.910",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5230",
"parent_id": "25283",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "# 1. Difference between ある and いる\n\nBoth ある and いる translate to \"exist\". The main difference is that ある is used\nfor inanimate objects and いる is used for alive/animate things.\n\nSo if you want to say \"there is a cat\", you would say \"ねこ が いる\". But if you\nwanted to say \"there is a chair\", you would say \"いす が ある\".\n\n# 2. The sentence you mentioned: いま どこ に いるの\n\n**2.1. To understand this, let's first analyse the phrase without the の in the\nend**\n\n> いま どこ に いる\n\nThe translation you pointed out, _\"Where are you now?\"_ , is correct. Why?\n\n * いま means now\n * どこ means where\n * いる means to exist;\n * に is a particle that, when used alongside いる, means the location of the object.\n\nTherefore, this sentence would translate roughly to _\"Now where do [you]\nexist?\"_. Note that the \"you\" is guessed. It could very well be \"we\", or\n\"him\", and such.\n\nThat rough translation is the same as \"Where are you now?\" in better english.\n\n[Learn more about the に particle\nhere](http://www.guidetojapanese.org/learn/grammar/verbparticles#part3)\n\n**2.2. Understanding the の in the end**\n\nDon't worry if you get confused with the の particle. It has various meanings,\nso you have to detect what is its role in each situation. Sometimes it will\nmean possession, like in \"Bob の ほん\" (Bob's book). In the end of sentences,\nthough, it will **in general** consist of the **explanatory の particle**. It\njusts add an explanatory tone to the sentence. The sentence you mentioned is a\nquestion, so the の particle in the end emphasizes that the questioner is\nlooking for an explanation.\n\n[Learn more about the explanatory の particle\nhere](http://www.guidetojapanese.org/learn/grammar/nounparticles#part5)\n\n# 3. たべたい ひと が いる\n\n~~You are correct to guess the translation: There is a person/There are people\nI want to eat.~~\n\nEDIT: At a first glance this can be translated as _There is a person/There are\npeople I want to eat_ , but clearly this is a bit unusual, although still\npossible, if this is a fictional setting, and the 'thing' speaking is a\nmonster, for example. But this could also be translated as _There is a\nperson/There are people who want(s) to eat._\n\n(Thanks @Yosh for bringing this up)\n\n# 4. Last words\n\nBoth links I suggested above are from the same guide, called **Tae Kim's Guide\nto Learning Japanese**. I totally recommend it, it is free, [this is the\nlink](http://www.guidetojapanese.org/learn/).",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-24T00:29:16.523",
"id": "25287",
"last_activity_date": "2017-07-26T16:39:01.313",
"last_edit_date": "2017-07-26T16:39:01.313",
"last_editor_user_id": "7494",
"owner_user_id": "7494",
"parent_id": "25283",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] | 25283 | 25287 | 25287 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25406",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I was reading [**Tae Kim's Guide to Learning Japanese** on the explanatory 「の」\nparticle](http://www.guidetojapanese.org/learn/grammar/nounparticles#part5)\nand was following it very well. I was able to understand the usage of the\n**の** particle in the end of sentences to add an explanatory tone. Then, Tae\nKim explained that it's possible to conjugate the **の** particle itself,\ncreating the following:\n\n * **んだ** (plain)\n * **んじゃない** (negative)\n * **んだった** (past)\n * **んじゃなかった** (past-negative)\n\nAlthough confused in the beginning, I believe I was able to understand that as\nwell. _Except for one example:_\n\n \n\n _(Taken from<https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=obOAAmHHHVI> @ 08:12)_\n\n**Let's look closely to sentence A.** _(I have no problem with sentence B, I\nleft it there for completeness.)_\n\n**Why Tae Kim needed two の particles (separately highlighted in red)?\nShouldn't one suffice? Worse, isn't using two wrong?**\n\nThis seems like a double explanatory tone. In my point of view, the sentence A\nshould be **日本 と 同じ なんじゃない** instead of **日本 と 同じ なんじゃないの**.",
"comment_count": 7,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-24T00:47:00.323",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25288",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-28T22:43:51.987",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-28T20:25:32.167",
"last_editor_user_id": "7494",
"owner_user_id": "7494",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"particle-の",
"learning"
],
"title": "Explanatory 「の」 particle being used twice in the same phrase",
"view_count": 1012
} | [
{
"body": "の and its shortened version ん work in Japanese usually at the end of\nsentences, as a subjective modifier. Example:\n\n> 日本と同じです\n>\n> It is the same as in Japan.\n>\n> 日本と同じのです\n>\n> I don't know if it is the same in Japan, but at least from my point of view,\n> I see it as being the same in Japan.",
"comment_count": 10,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-24T08:35:44.900",
"id": "25293",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-24T08:35:44.900",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "4419",
"parent_id": "25288",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "じゃない as \"isn't it?\" is rather special because it can be appended to\npractically anything and still be grammatically correct. Also, the two\nlocations of の are serving different purposes. 同じなの is giving the explanation\nof being the same (Tae Kim would probably translate it as \"the thing is, it's\nthe same\"), and じゃないの is making じゃない less rhetorical and more inquisitive.\n\nRepetition of concepts doesn't necessarily make things grammatically incorrect\neither. Consider the English phrase, \"It is, isn't it?\" which brings up\nanother point - casual spoken language is much less strict with grammar than\nessays/formal writing, and Tae Kim is demonstrating casual spoken language\nwith that example. In that case, the best measure of correctness would be a\nnative speaker's approval.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-28T22:43:51.987",
"id": "25406",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-28T22:43:51.987",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9981",
"parent_id": "25288",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
] | 25288 | 25406 | 25406 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25297",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm interested in the translation of colors. As an initial point of reference,\nI'd like to ask about the color of stoplights in the USA and Japan.\n\nIn Japan, the color for \"go\" is said to be \"青い\". In the USA, it is said to be\n\"green\". The translation of \"青い\" in Japanese / English dictionaries is \"blue\".\nBut, to begin with, every English native speaker cannot help but perceive\n\"blue\" slightly differently. On top of that, every Japanese native speaker\ncannot help but perceive \"青い\" slightly differently. In my opinion, the\ntranslation of color really might be difficult. But, I'm not sure. The color\nof stoplights will be my initial frame of reference.\n\n> Can a person who understands what English native speakers generally agree is\n> \"green\" and \"blue\" look at a Japanese stoplight and tell me if it is, in\n> their opinion and ignoring the fact that Japanese native speakers call it\n> \"青い”, really \"blue\"? Or, is it really \"green\"?\n\nthanks.",
"comment_count": 10,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-24T02:20:33.470",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25289",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-24T16:48:14.027",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10193",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"word-choice"
],
"title": "Should the color of Japanese stoplights really translate to \"red / yellow / blue\"?",
"view_count": 232
} | [
{
"body": "Traditionally, 青 was actually more of a blue-green color. This is true of\nChinese, too, where 青色 still means cyan more than blue. Things like 青龍 are\ndefinitely more green than blue. This is why some current usage of the word is\nslightly borderline.\n\nThis doesn't hold as strongly anymore (and was unlikely to have been the case\nconsidering how recently traffic lights became common in the world), but worth\nnoting that traffic lights in many countries are slightly green-blue so as not\nto be a hinderance to people with red-green colorblindness (which one can see\nwould be an issue if the color for \"stop\" was the same as for \"go\").\n\nI agree with naruto for the most part though, that the actual reason is mostly\nhistorical. The same argument holds in English for why robins have \"red\nbreasts\" when they're clearly orange.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-24T16:40:14.410",
"id": "25297",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-24T16:48:14.027",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-24T16:48:14.027",
"last_editor_user_id": "9185",
"owner_user_id": "9185",
"parent_id": "25289",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] | 25289 | 25297 | 25297 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25292",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> 「帰ってきました！ただいまー！」声を張り上げて足を踏み入れる **と** 、広がるのは地下室という響きとはかけ離れた生活臭 **の**\n> する小部屋だった。\n\nI'm confused as to what と does in this sentence. Is it a quoting particle or\nconditional?\n\n> 地下室という響きとは\n\nI'm completely lost as to what this is supposed to mean\n\n> かけ離れた生活臭 **の** する小部屋だった。\n\nAlso is this の particle possessive?\n\nThanks!",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-24T06:51:38.407",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25291",
"last_activity_date": "2015-11-18T19:12:13.187",
"last_edit_date": "2015-11-18T19:12:13.187",
"last_editor_user_id": "888",
"owner_user_id": "10316",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particles",
"particle-の",
"particle-と"
],
"title": "What are the と, という, and の doing in this sentence?",
"view_count": 222
} | [
{
"body": "Does this help?\n\n足を踏み入れると when I stepped in\n\n広がるのは (what I found) extended (in front of me) was\n\n地下室という響き the impression given by the word \"basement\" (Caveat: this is not a\nverbatim translation.)\n\nかけ離れた far from\n\n生活臭のする小部屋 a small room with daily odour (I suspect this \"odour\" is figurative:\nthe authour may have wanted to convey that the room was full of traces of\ndaily life. But I need the context to be sure.)",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-24T07:15:54.510",
"id": "25292",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-24T07:30:03.753",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-24T07:30:03.753",
"last_editor_user_id": "10402",
"owner_user_id": "10402",
"parent_id": "25291",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] | 25291 | 25292 | 25292 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> 「たんじょうびに [田中]{たなか}さん **から（ ）** [何]{なに}を もらったんですか。」\n\nI'm given the choices からが、からで、 からに and からは.\n\nThe problem is when I've used online dictionaries they tell me different\nmeanings for these phrasal expressions. I know that から by itself generally\nmeans from as in something from someone or somewhere. What I am confused about\nis the particle being used at after から. Can someone explain what the\ndifferences are?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-24T11:49:52.957",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25294",
"last_activity_date": "2022-04-29T22:14:26.913",
"last_edit_date": "2022-04-29T22:00:08.567",
"last_editor_user_id": "30454",
"owner_user_id": "10444",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"particles",
"particle-から"
],
"title": "Using からが、からで、からに and からは",
"view_count": 3325
} | [
{
"body": "> 「たんじょうびに [田中]{たなか}さん **から（ ）** [何]{なに}を もらったんですか。」\n>\n> = \"What did you get from Tanaka for your birthday?\"\n\nThe sentence is already grammatical without a word in the blank after 「から」,\nbut if you had to place one, 「 **は** 」 woud be the only correct particle among\nthe four.\n\nWhy 「は」, then? This 「は」 in 「田中さんから **は** 」 is the _**contrastive**_ 「は」,\n_**not**_ the subject-marker 「は」 that I would assume you are familiar with.\nThe subject of this sentence is the unmentioned \" _ **you**_ \", not 「田中さん」 or\nthe unmentioned \" _ **I**_ \".\n\nHow does the contrastive 「は」 fit in there? In short, the context. If the topic\nof a conversation were birthday presents, there would often be an assumption\nthat one would receive presents from multiple people.\n\nThe nuance of the sentence with 「は」 is: \"Among all the people who gave you\npresents, what did _**Tanaka**_ give you?\"\n\nMoving on...\n\nI will give a brief explanation of the other three phrases, but _**I would\nseriously warn you**_ that reading it could only confuse you further if you\ncurrently were a real beginner. Some of the things, I will have no choice but\nto mention, belong to way above the intermediate level.\n\n**First, 「からが」.**\n\n> 「Noun + （にして） + から + が」 (にして is optional)\n>\n> = \"even (noun), possibly among other things\"\n\n<https://kotobank.jp/word/%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89%E3%81%8C-467244>\n\nTo use an example from that dictionary,\n\n「大きさにして **からが** 私の物にそっくりだ。」 = \"Even the size of it looks just like that of\nmine.\"\n\n**Next, 「からで」.**\n\nIt is the continuative form of 「からだ」= \"because ~~\"\n\n「レレクトゥールさんと結婚したいのは、お金持ちになりたい **からで** 、彼を愛しているからではありません。」\n\n= \"The reason I want to marry l'électeur is because I want to be wealthy, not\nbecause I love him.\"\n\n**Finally, 「からに」.**\n\nIt has several meanings and usages, but I will only talk about the most common\none, which is \"by only (verb)ing\".\n\n<https://kotobank.jp/word/%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89%E3%81%AB-467569#E5.A4.A7.E8.BE.9E.E6.9E.97.20.E7.AC.AC.E4.B8.89.E7.89.88>\n\nAn example from there is 「聞く **からに** 強そうな名前」= \"a strong-sounding name\". (You\ndo not even have to look at the kanji or anything to say it is strong.)",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-24T15:04:26.270",
"id": "25295",
"last_activity_date": "2022-04-29T22:14:26.913",
"last_edit_date": "2022-04-29T22:14:26.913",
"last_editor_user_id": "30454",
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "25294",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
] | 25294 | null | 25295 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I saw ～たのでした in a Japanese storybook. I didn't have any idea about it because\nI only know ～たのです（～たんです） if I want to say something in the past. I am\nwondering if ～たのでした（～たんでした） is the concept of past perfect. To make my idea\nmore clear, there is a similar paragraph I made.\n\n> 喉が乾いたヤギが井戸に通りかかって、キツネがヤギを見て 井戸の底でいていたくせに\n> この井戸の水が美味しいよと言いました。キツネはいつも利口に生きていましたが、まだ井戸に落ち **たのでした** 。 from\n> <http://hukumusume.com/douwa/pc/aesop/08/25.htm>\n\nI made my own version of the story to highlight what I wanted to ask. Sorry\nfor my bad Japanese. What is ～たのでした ? Isn't ～たのです enough to express the idea\nthat something is in the past?\n\nIt made me think of one question about Japanese. When it comes to English, we\nuse past perfect to express the idea that something occurred before another\naction in the past.\n\nTake the paragraph below for example:\n\n> I ran into one of my old friends yesterday. He invited me to get something\n> to eat, and he recommended the new burger king. Actually, I had just had my\n> lunch there. I had just eaten a lot over there. At last, I said \"thanks man,\n> maybe next time.\"\n\nWhen it comes to Japanese, what should I say to express the same idea?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-24T19:39:52.293",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25298",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-26T16:26:03.117",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-26T16:26:03.117",
"last_editor_user_id": "7610",
"owner_user_id": "7610",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "The concept of past perfect in Japanese ～たのでした ～たのです",
"view_count": 2594
} | [
{
"body": "I think both are almost same in terms of the meaning (both express past), but\n〜たのでした are mainly used in story (or casual written text).\n\nTaking your paragraph, \n1: \n昨日古い友人にばったり会いました。彼は食事に私を誘って、新しくできたバーガー・キングを勧めてきました。実は、私はちょうどそこでお昼を食べたところだったのでした。私はそこでもうたくさん食べていたのでした。最後に私は「ありがとう、でもまた今度ね」と言いました。 \n \n2 (more natural): \n昨日古い友人にばったり会った。彼は食事に誘ってきて、新しくできたバーガー・キングを勧めてきた。実は、私はちょうどそこでお昼を食べたところだった。私はそこでもうたくさん食べていた。結局私は「ありがとう、でもまた今度ね」と言った。",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-26T10:26:05.070",
"id": "25344",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-26T10:26:05.070",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10264",
"parent_id": "25298",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] | 25298 | null | 25344 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> いもうとは東京に行っています。\n\nHow can I discover the meaning of this sentence? I'm studying the te-form and\nI'm a little bit confused. The correct translation will be:\n\n> My little sister is in Tokyo (she´s already there)\n\nor\n\n> My little sister is going to Tokyo (progressive action) ?\n\nOr I see by the context? This verb form is SO damnnn cruel to learn ;___;",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-24T19:58:44.237",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25299",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-25T04:53:48.383",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-24T22:07:55.547",
"last_editor_user_id": "78",
"owner_user_id": "10445",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"verbs",
"て-form"
],
"title": "Te-form beginner question",
"view_count": 313
} | [
{
"body": "I would simply say いもうとは東京にいます for \"My little sister is in Tokyo.\"\n\nいもうとは東京に行っています has the connotation that she is _away_ in Tokyo, hence she is\nnot here.\n\nI would say いもうとは東京に行くところです (or いもうとは東京に向け移動中です if you prefer a more formal\nstyle) for \"My little sister is going to Tokyo.\"\n\n*** added *** I think @Choko's choice 妹は東京に向かっています works as well.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-25T02:36:26.580",
"id": "25309",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-25T04:53:48.383",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-25T04:53:48.383",
"last_editor_user_id": "10402",
"owner_user_id": "10402",
"parent_id": "25299",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] | 25299 | null | 25309 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "人々をライブラリで見なかった。\n\nIs this the correct way of writing 'I did not see people in the library'? I'm\nnot 100% with the particles but 'wo' seems right attached to people.\n\nI use ライブラリ just for the sake of attaching a location.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-24T21:00:32.947",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25300",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-24T22:44:08.507",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10431",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Correct way of saying 'I did not see people in the library'",
"view_count": 449
} | [
{
"body": "Natural ways to say it would be:\n\n> 「[図書館]{としょかん}で人を(or は)見かけなかった。」\n>\n> 「図書館では、ほとんど人を(or は)見かけなかった。」\n\n見かける ＞ 見る\n\n「見る」 is not incorrect, but 「見かける」 is the more natural word choice.\n\nBasically, no one would say 「ライブラリー」 to refer to a public library. The word is\n「図書館」.\n\n「人々」 sounds \"translated\". 「人」 is the word to use here.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-24T22:44:08.507",
"id": "25301",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-24T22:44:08.507",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "25300",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] | 25300 | null | 25301 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "The main characters younger sister showed him some scribbles she had done in\nher textbook and then said 「上手いモンでしょう」.\n\nMy question is whether it is [definition 5\nhere](http://kotobank.jp/word/%E7%89%A9?dic=daijisen&oid=18293900) or whether\nモン refers to the scribble itself.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-24T22:57:01.293",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25302",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-25T00:51:28.187",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-24T23:23:36.930",
"last_editor_user_id": "78",
"owner_user_id": "10449",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"spoken-language"
],
"title": "The meaning of モン in 上手いモンでしょう",
"view_count": 712
} | [
{
"body": "It is definition 5-㋑.\n\n「[上手]{うま}いモンでしょう」 is, in my own words, an \" **exclamatory rhetorical\nquestion** \".\n\n= **_\"Looks awesome, doesn't it?\"_**\n\nThe \"statement\" form using this 「もん」 would be 「上手いもんだ/もんです」.\n\nSo, 「モン」 does not refer to the scribble itself.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-25T00:51:28.187",
"id": "25306",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-25T00:51:28.187",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "25302",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] | 25302 | null | 25306 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25305",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm currently trying to read a japanese novel and I found this expression :\n\n> 一をいうと十返ってくる\n\nIt was meant to qualify a character, but I just don't get it. At first I\nthought it could mean \"tell one and give back ten\", so I thought it meant this\ncharacter tends to do more than he was actually asked or intended to do...?\nHowever, I tried searching on japanese sites and it seems it's a saying to\nqualify a very proud person...? Still I would like to have a more precise idea\nof what it could really mean and where it does come from, because I'm very\ninterested by japanese idioms. Does anyone have a more precise idea ? Thank\nyou very much.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-24T23:12:58.233",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25303",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-25T00:15:11.587",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10448",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation",
"meaning",
"idioms"
],
"title": "A japanese saying \"一をいうと十返ってくる\"",
"view_count": 243
} | [
{
"body": "> 「[一]{いち}をいうと[十返]{じゅうかえ}ってくる」\n\nThe meaning and nuance of this phrase can be quite different depending on the\ncontext or the speaker's intention.\n\n**_Positive:_**\n\nSomeone is always willing to give a full explanation. You ask one simple\nquestion and he will not only answer that question but also give you so much\nmore related information.\n\n**_Negative:_**\n\nSomeone always talks back to you. Tell him one thing and he will give back a\nlong session of objection, refutation, etc.\n\n**_(Possibly) more important:_**\n\nI explained the phrase in terms of \"speaking words\" above, but the phrase does\nnot always have to be about \"ten times as many words\". It can also be about\nsomeone's tendency in taking non-verbal actions if he just is the type to do\nmuch more than the bare minimum.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-25T00:15:11.587",
"id": "25305",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-25T00:15:11.587",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "25303",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] | 25303 | 25305 | 25305 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25307",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Using a dictionary to learn Japanese turned out to be more difficult than\nexpected.\n\nI wanted to say \"I offered him a haircut but he refused.\" and \"I offered him a\nbeer.\" and \"I offered him a ride.\"\n\nSince I didn't know \"to offer\" in Japanese I tried to look it up but there\nseem to be many different ways of saying it.\n\n> Please could someone help me understand the correct usage of the following\n> words and also tell me which to use in the above sentences?\n\nSo I got the following words which all seem to mean \"to offer\":\n\n(1) オファーする\n\n(2) 申し入れする\n\n(3) 提供する\n\nPersonally, at a first attempt, I'd go for 提供する but I have a feeling the\ncorrect translation might turn out to be something that's not even on the list\nabove.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-25T00:08:46.197",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25304",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-25T10:35:37.333",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10344",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"words",
"usage"
],
"title": "\"to offer\" in Japanese?",
"view_count": 3453
} | [
{
"body": "I would say\n\n「彼に散髪{さんぱつ}しようと提案{ていあん}したが断{ことわ}られた」for \"I offered him a haircut but he\nrefused.\"\n\n「彼にビールを一杯{いっぱい}勧{すす}めた」for \"I offered him a beer.\"\n\n「車に同乗{どうじょう}するよう彼を誘{さそ}った」for \"I offered him a ride.\"\n\nNote that the above is just one of many possibilities.\n\n> the correct usage of the following\n\nI am not sure if I can offer (no pun intended) you \"correct usage\" of the\nwords. My impression is:\n\n(1) オファーする sounds stilted, as \"オファー\" is a transliteration of \"offer\".\n\n(2) 申し入れする sounds more of \"claiming\" and \"requesting\" than \"offering\".\n\n(3) 提供する is a possible translation of \"to offer\". Usage examples coming into\nmy mind include\n\n\"情報を提供する\" to offer (relevant) information\n\nand\n\n\"資金を提供する\" to offer a budgetary contribution\n\nBTW\n\n> Using a dictionary to learn Japanese turned out to be more difficult than\n> expected.\n\nis true, but I suspect that can be said for any languages.",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-25T01:57:06.533",
"id": "25307",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-25T10:35:37.333",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-25T10:35:37.333",
"last_editor_user_id": "10402",
"owner_user_id": "10402",
"parent_id": "25304",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] | 25304 | 25307 | 25307 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25310",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I have looked up in an online dictionary and found out that\n\n「いつの間にか」 means before one knows.\n\nFor another question, when I have came across 「いつの間に通信」 in an instruction\nmanual, I'm not sure if I can translate it as 'when communication' or 'before\ncommunication.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-25T02:29:20.203",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25308",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-25T04:47:37.430",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9559",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"translation",
"words"
],
"title": "What does the word 「いつの間に」 mean?",
"view_count": 1282
} | [
{
"body": "Its official translation, SpotPass, doesn't help understand いつの間に通信. But\nWikipedia says its literal translation is [Unnoticed\nCommunication](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SpotPass_and_StreetPass).\n\nいつの間に means 'unnoticed', or 'before one notices it's happening'.\n\n> いつの間にか夏が終わってしまった。 \n> The summer had gone before I knew / all too soon.\n\nいつの間に in いつの間に通信 implies the connection is done silently, before you are aware\nit's done, even when your 3DS is closed.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-25T04:47:37.430",
"id": "25310",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-25T04:47:37.430",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "25308",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] | 25308 | 25310 | 25310 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25313",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I want to say\n\n> The girl who likes being photographed is my friend\n\nand my attempt is as follows,\n\n> 写真を撮って貰うことが好きだ女性は私の友達です。\n\nIs my attempt correct?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-25T08:17:56.370",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25311",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-27T07:20:48.593",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9896",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "How to say \"The girl who likes being photographed is my friend\"?",
"view_count": 1796
} | [
{
"body": "撮ってもらう will give the idea that someone does the action for you. \nIn your case, the girl is photographed, not only because someone takes the\npicture for her, but also because she is the subject of the picture. \nTherefore, I would rather use a passive form.\n\nThen, you can't use 好きだ女性, 好き is a な-adjective, so it's 好きな女性.\n\nSo maybe something like this :\n\n> [撮影]{さつえい}されるのが好きな女性は私の友達です。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-25T08:38:05.360",
"id": "25312",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-25T11:10:38.847",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-25T11:10:38.847",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "10450",
"parent_id": "25311",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
},
{
"body": "> The girl who likes being photographed is my friend. \n> 写真を撮って貰うことが好き **だ** 女性は私の友達です。\n\nChange the \"好きだ\"(← the 終止形/predicative form) to its 連体形/attributive form \"好きな\"\nto modify the noun 女性. So your sentence would translate to:\n\n> 写真を撮ってもらうことが好き **な** 女性は私の友達です。 \n> or \n> 写真を撮ってもらう **の** が好きな女性は私の友達です。\n\nYou can also say it as:\n\n> 写真に/を撮られるのが好きな女性は私の友達です。",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-25T09:08:49.960",
"id": "25313",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-27T07:20:48.593",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-27T07:20:48.593",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "25311",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 12
}
] | 25311 | 25313 | 25313 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25315",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I came across a \"Mermaid's song\" in a text:\n\n> ものみな眠るさ夜なかに \n> 水底を離るることぞ **うれしけれ** 。 \n> 水のおもてを頭もて、 \n> 波立て遊ぶぞ **たのしけれ** 。 \n> 澄める大気をふるわせて、 \n> 互に高く呼びかわし \n> 緑なす濡れ髪うちふるい、 \n> 乾かし遊ぶぞ **たのしけれ** ！\n\nThe bolded adjectives, うれし（い）、たのし（い）、both seem to be [conjugated to\nizenkei](http://www.weblio.jp/content/%E5%AC%89%E3%81%97%E3%81%91%E3%82%8C).\nIf that is so, can izenkei of shiku adjectives be used in exclamatory\nfunction? E.g. second line as \"how happy (I) am to leave the depths!\".\n\nIf it's not exclamatory, then what could it it mean here? And if it's not\nizenkei, then what else is it?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-25T09:26:15.450",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25314",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-25T15:12:44.260",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-25T15:12:44.260",
"last_editor_user_id": "78",
"owner_user_id": "10429",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"adjectives",
"classical-japanese"
],
"title": "How are the adjectives conjugated to izenkei (うれしけれ, たのしけれ) used here?",
"view_count": 281
} | [
{
"body": "In classical Japanese, **\"～ぞ + 連体形\"** and **\"～こそ + 已然形\"** are the patterns\nwhich basically emphasize the sentences. This grammatical rule is known as\n[係り結び](http://manapedia.jp/text/345). To put it simply, when ～ぞ or ～こそ appears\nin the middle of a sentence, that sentence have to end with 連体形 or 已然形 (of a\nverb/adjective), respectively.\n\n> * 雪降りけり。 (終止形)\n> * 雪ぞ降りける。 (ぞ + 連体形)\n> * 雪こそ降りけれ。 (こそ + 已然形)\n> * 雪が降った。 (modern Japanese)\n>\n\nHowever, the lyrics in this song doesn't seem to follow the general rule, in\nthat ～ぞ is followed by 已然形. I think it should be either \"水底を離るることぞうれしかる\" or\n\"水底を離るることこそうれしけれ\".\n\nBut my knowledge on classical Japanese is very limited, so I'd like to hear\nopinions from others.",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-25T09:50:06.010",
"id": "25315",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-25T14:09:56.233",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-25T14:09:56.233",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "25314",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] | 25314 | 25315 | 25315 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25318",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I'm completing my Japanese homework, and we were given a letter that we need\nto write a response to.\n\nThere is a line that goes:\n\n> 私の名前はみのり **で** 、十五さいです。\n\nI assume that here で means 'and' but I'm not familiar with this usage, so I\nwanted to enquire.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-25T16:12:29.930",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25316",
"last_activity_date": "2020-02-09T06:59:22.900",
"last_edit_date": "2020-02-09T06:59:22.900",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "10457",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"copula"
],
"title": "Can で mean 'and'?",
"view_count": 610
} | [
{
"body": "で, in this case, functions like the -て form of the copula だ. Thus, it's used\nto connect two sentences together to make a single, natural-sounding sentence.\n\n> 私の名前はみのりだ。十五さいです。My name is Minori. I am 15 years old. \n> 私の名前はみのりで、十五さいです。My name is Minori and I am 15 years old.\n\nThis is the same as what the normal -て form does:\n\n> 朝ご飯を食べた。そして、急いで学校へ行った。I ate breakfast. Then I hurried to school. \n> 朝ご飯を食べて、急いで学校へ行った。I ate breakfast and hurried to school.\n\nSo yes, it essentially does mean 'and' here.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-25T16:43:09.793",
"id": "25317",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-25T16:43:09.793",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9749",
"parent_id": "25316",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
},
{
"body": "It's the conjuncitve (te-form) of だ; the conjunctive, among other things, can\nexpress 'and': 目を開けて、木を見た 'I opened my eyes and looked at a tree.'",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-25T16:43:55.910",
"id": "25318",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-25T16:43:55.910",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9971",
"parent_id": "25316",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] | 25316 | 25318 | 25317 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25322",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": ">\n> 初めは番組を編成する際の穴埋めとして放映されていたのだが、番組の数が増え,年月を経るうちに、子どもたちにとって生まれたときから存在しているアニメは、今やなくてはならない娯楽となっている.\n\nMy attempt to translate that would be something like\n\n> In the beginning, when broadcasts were created by filling the gap (???) were\n> televised but, as they grew in numbers and time past, the anime that existed\n> since when we were born as kids, they became a must amusement.\n\nwhich is incomprehensible for me. The key seems to be the clauses in the title\nbut I figured out midways that the translation of the last part with kids\nbeing raised with animes e.t.c. doesn't really make sense too.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-25T16:56:46.733",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25319",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-26T14:03:15.587",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "4419",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"translation",
"syntax"
],
"title": "する際 and 穴埋め meaning along with として",
"view_count": 193
} | [
{
"body": "You can parse it like this:\n\n> 初めは[{(番組を編成する際の)穴埋め}として]放映されていたのだが、\n\n番組を編成する際の modifies 穴埋め, \"fillers (between programs) used when editing TV\nprograms / planning program schedule.\" So I think it's like \"In the beginning,\nanime were broadcasted as fillers inserted when organising TV programmes,\nbut...\"\n\n> 番組の数が増え、年月を経るうちに、\n\nas they(=TV programs) grew in numbers and time passed,\n\n> 子どもたちにとって(、)[生まれたときから存在している]アニメは、\n\nThe relative clause 生まれたときから存在している modifies アニメ. The subject for 生まれた is\n子どもたち. **Edit:** I think it'd be more natural to think the 子どもたちにとって modifies\n(アニメは)なくてはならない娯楽となっている. \n\"for children, anime, which have existed ever since they were born,\"\n\n> 今やなくてはならない娯楽となっている.\n\n... have become an indispensable entertainment by now.\n\n(Sorry I can't translate it into natural English, but hopefully this might be\nof some help.)",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-25T18:00:19.963",
"id": "25322",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-26T14:03:15.587",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-26T14:03:15.587",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "25319",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] | 25319 | 25322 | 25322 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25321",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "What does the word 「間すらない」 mean?\n\n> へいの中{なか}にはいったとたん投{とう}石{せき}をかけるやられて あの調{ちょう}子{し}だ！声{こえ}をかける **間{ま}すらない** のだ",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-25T16:59:11.647",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25320",
"last_activity_date": "2021-12-26T03:22:40.797",
"last_edit_date": "2021-12-26T03:22:40.797",
"last_editor_user_id": "30454",
"owner_user_id": "9559",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"meaning"
],
"title": "What does the word 「間すらない」 mean?",
"view_count": 447
} | [
{
"body": "間すらない is 間 + すら + ない, where すら is a particle usually translating to \"even\", so\n声をかける間 **すら** ない means \"hadn't **even** time to say anything\".",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-25T17:24:33.343",
"id": "25321",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-25T17:55:09.487",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-25T17:55:09.487",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "1628",
"parent_id": "25320",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] | 25320 | 25321 | 25321 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "From what I understand, とは can be used to \"define\" things. So does this mean\nthat it can be used to expand on what comes before とは/というのは and that which\ncomes after will explain the speakers view/opinion/etc on what comes before?\n\nSo how does it work in the example where the speaker has been called out to an\nemergency meeting without being told what it was about and says\n\n> 「緊急招集とは、おだやかではないな」",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-25T18:06:59.377",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25323",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-06T11:31:46.590",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-28T06:29:24.210",
"last_editor_user_id": "3437",
"owner_user_id": "10458",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"particles"
],
"title": "The usage of とは in 緊急招集とは、おだやかではないな",
"view_count": 384
} | [
{
"body": "> 「[緊 急 招 集]{きんきゅうしょうしゅう} **とは** 、おだやかではないな。」\n>\n> = \"An emergency call-out is pretty disquieting, isn't it?\"\n\nThis 「とは」 is _**not**_ for defining something. Both speaker and listener know\nexactly what 「緊急招集」 means already.\n\nThis 「とは」 is to express a surprise, anger, excitement, etc. It is like an\nemphatic kind of topic marker. _**You did not expect it coming.**_",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-26T00:12:53.837",
"id": "25329",
"last_activity_date": "2019-02-06T11:31:46.590",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "25323",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 7
}
] | 25323 | null | 25329 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Is it correct to view these as referring to the past actions of the speakers?\n\nSo, for example, the speaker makes a blunder and then realises this and\nsays/thinks 「これはしまった」(Which I think is short for これはしまったことをした) Or someone does\nsomething rude then says これは失礼しました In both of these cases does the これ refer to\nthe past actions of the speaker?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-25T21:42:38.770",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25324",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-25T23:44:51.920",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10458",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "What do the これ in これは失礼しました and これはしまった refer to?",
"view_count": 109
} | [
{
"body": "No, not exactly.\n\nIn those phrases, 「これ」 refers to the **_occasion_** in which a non-positive\naction took place, not the action itself.\n\nThis is why we say 「この[度]{たび}は」= \"(on) this occasion\" instead of 「これは」 in\nformal speech.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-25T23:44:51.920",
"id": "25328",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-25T23:44:51.920",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "25324",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] | 25324 | null | 25328 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25327",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "The sentence is from [a Japanese telling of Hansel and\nGretel](http://www.firegrubs.com/images/chokochoko/pdf/readingarticle0027.pdf)\nand I know enough to read it as \"Leave your children in the forest before it\nis too late.\"\n\nWhat I don't understand here is how すてる has been modified by きておくれ. What does\nthat き relate to? Is it part of すててき to change (discard) somehow or is it\nsomething like (leave)(come here)(without delay)?",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-25T21:55:20.957",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25325",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-25T23:24:23.750",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "2898",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"verbs",
"compound-verbs"
],
"title": "Struggling to parse last section of 「あんた 子どもたちを 森へ すててきておくれ」",
"view_count": 128
} | [
{
"body": "As per the comments, you should parse すててきておくれ as すてて + きて + おくれ.\n\n * Without changing the content or function you can replace おくれ by ください (more about おくれ [here](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/13337/1628))、\n\n * すてて is the te-form of すてる (here) \"to cast away\",\n\n * きて is the te-form of くる \"to come [back]\",\n\n * Xてくる is a common construction of saying \"to go, do X [and then return]\", but as indicated you might not necessarily translate the くる as \"return\"\n\n * Xてください is the construction for phrasing a request \"Please do X\"\n\n> すてて + きて + ください \n> Please go cast away [the children] [and come back when you're done]",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-25T23:24:23.750",
"id": "25327",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-25T23:24:23.750",
"last_edit_date": "2017-04-13T12:43:44.260",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "1628",
"parent_id": "25325",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] | 25325 | 25327 | 25327 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25337",
"answer_count": 4,
"body": "I'm traveling to a smallish city in Japan a little over a week from now (I'll\nbe there two weeks), and I'm wondering what is the best way to ask a server\nwhether or not a particular dish is\n[pescetarian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pescetarianism)-friendly? I tried\nusing the word \"bejitarian\" last time I was over there (because a vegetarian\ndish is pescetarian-friendly), but I was just greeted with blank looks. Note\nthat last time I was there (about half a year ago) my Japanese was limited to\nsaying hello, goodbye, and counting to 10. This time, it's still not great\n(I'd say I know fewer than 100 words), but I have been studying it using\nRosetta Stone, so at least my pronunciation might be a _little_ better.\n\nAny and all advice is appreciated.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-26T00:49:59.117",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25330",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-26T17:23:08.723",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-26T17:23:08.723",
"last_editor_user_id": "9749",
"owner_user_id": "10461",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 6,
"tags": [
"words",
"expressions",
"food"
],
"title": "How to ask whether a dish is pescetarian-friendly?",
"view_count": 4137
} | [
{
"body": "I can't think of a succinct word to express the idea of pescetarianism in\nJapanese. This may sound ironical, considering that the Japanese had been\npescetarian before Meiji era.\n\nThat said, I would explain in layman's word like\n\n>\n> [私]{わたし}は、[肉類]{にくるい}が[苦手]{にがて}なのですが、これは[魚介類]{ぎょかいるい}[主体]{しゅたい}の[料理]{りょうり}ですか？\n\nThis expression may sound stilted, but it makes sense (so I hope.)",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-26T01:31:40.607",
"id": "25332",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-26T05:39:16.353",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-26T05:39:16.353",
"last_editor_user_id": "10450",
"owner_user_id": "10402",
"parent_id": "25330",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "Maybe you can try to ask whether the dish contains meat and say that you do\nnot eat meat... something like this :\n\n> [肉]{にく}は[入]{はい}っていますか? 肉は[食]{た}べないんですが。。。\n>\n> Is there any meat inside ? I do not eat meat.\n\nI guess with this kind of sentence, they will understand that you want\nsomething without meat and they may advise you something else if you order\nsomething with meat by mistake.\n\nYou can even complete that with something like:\n\n> [魚]{さかな}は[大丈夫]{だいじょうぶ}です。 \n> Fish is OK.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-26T01:32:00.543",
"id": "25333",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-26T06:53:00.623",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "10450",
"parent_id": "25330",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
},
{
"body": "I'm a lacto-ovo-pescatarian who eats fish but not other seafood, who is living\nin Japan. The most bewildering thing about your question for the Japanese\nserver is that most Japanese do not consider seafood to be meat. The other\nconfusing part is that they don't generally think in terms of a dish being\nvegetarian or not (the majority of vegetable dishes in Japanese restaurants\nalso include pork, or beef, or seafood and it doesn't occur to them to make\nthe dish which primarily features veggies without sprinkling one of those in).\nThis is why asking \" _bejitarian_ \" was met with blank looks even though it is\na Japanese word.\n\nSince the thought that you don't eat meat is so foreign to the server and\nhe/she is rather likely to get confused, **start with the main point** :\n\n**First,** clearly enunciate as you say, \"I don't eat meat\":\n\n> 「肉、食べない」( _niku_ [brief pause], _tabenai_ ).\n\n**Next,** say, while pointing at the menu item, \"Does this contain meat?\":\n\n> 「肉は入ってますか?」 ( _niku wa haittemasu ka?_ )\n\n**Third,** if it looks like the person caught on, you can say, \"Fish and\nseafood are okay\":\n\n> 「魚、海鮮物、大丈夫」( _sakana_ [brief pause], _kaisenmono mo daijoubu_ ).\n\nOr, if you eat fish but don't eat other seafood, say:\n\n> 「魚は大丈夫。他の海鮮物、食べない」( _sakana wa daijoubu. hoka no kaisenmono, tabenai_ ).\n\n(The server is already likely to have assumed that you can eat fish and all\ntypes of seafood even if you don't eat \"meat,\" so you may not find much\nbenefit to saying this.)\n\n**One thing to be conscious of** regarding sushi/sashimi is that **sea\nmammals** , such as whale and dolphin, may be overlooked as being meat, so if\nyou say that you eat seafood, the server is likely to group these within that\ncategory, so just take note to avoid those particular dishes: whale = 「鯨」 or\n「くじら」, dolphin = 「海豚」 or 「イルカ」\n\nIf the answer is that yes, the menu item you're inquiring about contains meat,\nand so does the next one you ask about, and so does the next one you ask\nabout, then say, while twirling your finger over the entire menu, \"Which item\ndoes not contain meat?\"\n\n> 「どれが、肉入ってない？」( _dore ga, niku haittenai?_ )\n\n**Another option** is to order something and ask, \"please hold the meat\":\n\n> 「肉ぬき、お願いします」 ( _niku nuki, onegaishimasu_ )\n\nThis is what I usually do, since I am not strict, but sometimes, though the\nserver agrees that the dish can be prepared without meat, it arrives at the\ntable with the meat in it. This is why my Jewish friend was not able to order\nsalad in any restaurant: she gave up on asking because often it would come\nwith bacon bits or ham slices anyway.\n\nSince you're new to the language, I wrote these in as simple Japanese as\npossible. Even so, you may want to print them out and carry a small piece of\npaper with you so you can show the server the printed sentences (or if you\nwill be carrying a smartphone or tablet, to pull it up on the screen). I don't\nsay this because I doubt your ability to pronounce the words, but [even if you\npronounce them perfectly, you might be met with a blank stare due to a mental\nblock on the part of the server.](https://youtu.be/oLt5qSm9U80)",
"comment_count": 11,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-26T07:27:39.720",
"id": "25337",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-26T07:54:53.110",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-26T07:54:53.110",
"last_editor_user_id": "4547",
"owner_user_id": "4547",
"parent_id": "25330",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 9
},
{
"body": "In complement to Seijitsu's answer, ‘pescetarian’ is a word you'll want to\navoid in general, even at home and especially abroad. It isn't a word many\npeople will recognise and the problem with all these irregular neologisms is\nthat it's impossible to consistently deduce their meaning from their form. So\na waiter might indicate he understands, but think you eat meat, but no fish.\nAnd nobody could blame him.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-26T15:41:08.427",
"id": "25354",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-26T15:41:08.427",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10466",
"parent_id": "25330",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] | 25330 | 25337 | 25337 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25335",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I found myself wanting to write something analogous to \"if you want (some する\nverb) done to you\"\n\nI know the passive form of する is される.\n\nI know that the volitional form of an ichidan verb is stem + たい. This brings\nme to されたい.\n\nI know that the ば form of an い adjective drops the い and adds ければ. Hence:\nされたければ.\n\nWhew. I looked this up on Google and found over 41,000 results, but that seems\nlow for what I would assume would be an extremely common construction. My\nhypothesis then is that this is grammatically correct, but unnatural in most\ncases.\n\nIs there a more natural way to construct the meaning of \"if you want something\ndone to you\" in the general case?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-26T00:51:48.910",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25331",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-26T06:17:09.337",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-26T01:03:23.073",
"last_editor_user_id": "10407",
"owner_user_id": "10407",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"passive-voice",
"volitional-form",
"conditionals"
],
"title": "Is the conditional, volitional, AND passive form of verbs used?",
"view_count": 716
} | [
{
"body": "\"if you want something done to you\" can be translated into\n\"もしsomethingをして欲{ほ}しければ\".",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-26T01:38:27.170",
"id": "25334",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-26T01:38:27.170",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10402",
"parent_id": "25331",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "> \"if you want (some する verb) done to you\"\n\nAs the other answerer says I think you can use 「して欲しければ」. There are a few\nvariations:\n\n> 尊敬して欲しければ \n> 尊敬して欲しいなら \n> 尊敬して欲しいのなら \n> 尊敬して欲しかったら ← casual \n> (These are more literally like \"If you want (me/someone/others) to respect\n> you\")\n\nOf course you can also use 「されたければ...」, which is literally like \"If you want\nto be (done~~)\". There are a few variations:\n\n> 尊敬されたければ \n> 尊敬されたいなら \n> 尊敬されたいのなら \n> 尊敬されたかったら ← casual \n> (Lit. \"If you want to be respected\")\n\n* * *\n\nAs a side note, されてほしい would be \"want (someone) to be (done~~).\" For example:\n\n> もっと評価されて欲しい作家 A writer that I want to be more highly regarded \n> 早く逮捕されて欲しい I want (someone) to be arrested quickly",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-26T05:24:50.957",
"id": "25335",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-26T06:17:09.337",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-26T06:17:09.337",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9831",
"parent_id": "25331",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] | 25331 | 25335 | 25335 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Just found a sentence:\n\n> そんなふうに笑い飛ばす人は死ねばよかった。\n\nI tried to find what it means in dictionary but to no avail, so what does it\nmean and how do you use it whether in daily conversation or literature works?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-26T08:07:35.380",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25338",
"last_activity_date": "2019-03-28T03:05:09.397",
"last_edit_date": "2019-03-28T03:05:09.397",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "10345",
"post_type": "question",
"score": -1,
"tags": [
"translation",
"words"
],
"title": "What does 「ふうに」 exactly mean?",
"view_count": 316
} | [
{
"body": "There are plenty of web-based resources to use in case you want to find the\nmeaning/translation.\n\nAs being stated in comments, [jisho](http://jisho.org) is a great tool to do\nfulfill your needs in Japanese language.\n\nYou can search for the sentence\n[directly](http://jisho.org/search/%E3%81%9D%E3%82%93%E3%81%AA%E9%A2%A8%E3%81%AB),\nand then go through each word to understand the whole meaning. Not to mention,\nyou can distinguish the word that you are looking for.\n\nIf you are looking for the specific word 「そんな風に」 (in this case),\n[search](http://jisho.org/search/%E3%81%9D%E3%82%93%E3%81%AA%E9%A2%A8%E3%81%AB)\nfor it. The translation will be: in that manner; like that.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-26T08:42:25.623",
"id": "25340",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-26T08:42:25.623",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "25338",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] | 25338 | null | 25340 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "I wonder what does 「ごとと」 does in this sentence\n\n> そもそも陸上部は恋愛 **ごとと** 断絶していたのに\n\nI've tried to use Jisho.org but to no avail, there are no definition of it\nwhich are relevant to the content of the sentence.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-26T09:37:00.870",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25341",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-26T11:57:37.007",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-26T11:01:44.690",
"last_editor_user_id": "1628",
"owner_user_id": "10345",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"words",
"particles"
],
"title": "Is 「ごとと」 used as a particle or just plain word?",
"view_count": 549
} | [
{
"body": "In your sentence, 「恋愛ごとと」 consists of following parts: 恋愛 + ごと + と \nAnd ごと comes from こと(事), which means anything related to the noun before ごと。In\nthis sentence, 「恋愛ごと」 means anything related to love affairs.\n\nAnother example, \n\n * 人ごととは思えない (I don't think it's an affair of other people), 人ごと is often written as 他人事\n * 私事(わたくしごと) personal matter, personal concern: 私事に立ち入る話を中断する (interrupt a personal conversation)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-26T10:11:48.703",
"id": "25342",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-26T10:11:48.703",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10264",
"parent_id": "25341",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
},
{
"body": "You are parsing that part incorrectly. There is no such word 「ごとと」.\n\nIt should be parsed as:\n\n> 「[恋愛]{れんあい}ごと + と + 断絶していた」\n\n「恋愛ごと」 means \"love-related matters\". You will encounter this usage of 「ごと」\nquite often.\n\nSee definition 二-12-㋐ in :\n<https://kotobank.jp/word/%E4%BA%8B-502856#E5.A4.A7.E8.BE.9E.E6.9E.97.20.E7.AC.AC.E4.B8.89.E7.89.88>\n\n「と」 is of course a particle.\n\n**_\"even though the Track & Field team was severed from love-related matters\nin the first place\"_**",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-26T10:20:53.073",
"id": "25343",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-26T10:20:53.073",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "25341",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "I would translate 恋愛ごとと断絶していた as \"stayed away from romantic matters.\"\n\n恋愛ごと can include but not limited to love affairs.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-26T11:57:37.007",
"id": "25347",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-26T11:57:37.007",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10402",
"parent_id": "25341",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] | 25341 | null | 25342 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm confused by all the different of fonts that can be used to learn to write\nHiragana (e.g. the end loop of き may be closed or not). I understand that it\nis usually related to the difference between print and handwriting style, but\nafter all my research I still don't know which handwriting font is really used\nby kids in schools when they learn Hiragana. I mean when teachers are creating\nhandwriting worksheets - which font are they using ? Thanks for your advices.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-26T11:14:56.577",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25345",
"last_activity_date": "2017-11-25T02:11:49.967",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-26T11:24:12.933",
"last_editor_user_id": "3437",
"owner_user_id": "10464",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 10,
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"handwriting"
],
"title": "Font used to create handwriting worksheets by primary teachers to teach Hiragana",
"view_count": 3336
} | [
{
"body": "The font is called 「[教科書体]{きょうかしょたい}」, literally, the \"Textbook Font\".\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/j2Tz4.gif)",
"comment_count": 8,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-26T11:34:51.080",
"id": "25346",
"last_activity_date": "2017-11-25T02:11:49.967",
"last_edit_date": "2017-11-25T02:11:49.967",
"last_editor_user_id": "19278",
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "25345",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 9
}
] | 25345 | null | 25346 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25349",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "So I did something stupid today and I wanted to tell someone about it and say\nthat \"I was annoyed with myself for doing X\".\n\nMy best guess is something like\n\n> Xして、自分にイライラしちゃったの。\n\nand\n\n> 昨日Xして、自分にイライラしてるの。\n\nBut are these really a valid sentences? And if they are, do they mean what I\nwant to say or do they mean something else?\n\n> Please could someone explain to me how to say \"I was/am angry at myself that\n> I did X yesterday\"?",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-26T12:02:00.833",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25348",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-26T13:57:03.867",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10344",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"words",
"usage"
],
"title": "How to say \"I was/am annoyed with myself\"?",
"view_count": 1122
} | [
{
"body": "I would say 昨日{きのう}Xをしてしまったので、我{われ}ながら腹{はら}が立{た}った/立{た}つ for \"I was/am angry\nat myself that I did X yesterday.\"\n\nBTW, I think Xして、自分にイライラしちゃったの is a neat translation for \"I was annoyed with\nmyself for doing X.\"",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-26T12:09:37.810",
"id": "25349",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-26T12:09:37.810",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10402",
"parent_id": "25348",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "In a more broken style (a little bit vulgar), you can also say: \n\n * 自分にイラついた\n * 自分にムカついた",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-26T13:57:03.867",
"id": "25350",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-26T13:57:03.867",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10264",
"parent_id": "25348",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] | 25348 | 25349 | 25350 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "So,\n\nI just landed my dream job working for a consulting firm in Tokyo. I am\ncurrently N1 (and above), but I lack a lot of business keigo expressions (FOR\nEXAMPLE) (ご都合時間であれば教えていただけろと幸いです」「是非とも評価させていただければと思います」 and industry\nterminology.\n\nHow do you proceed from this level (fully fluent, not learning anything new\nfrom JSL books) to being able to do business in Japanese (conducting meetings,\nnegotiating contracts, etc)?\n\nThere is no information on how to overcome this gap in lack of vocabulary and\nnaturalized keigo expressions.\n\nIt seems that most resources available are either really low level for\nforeigners, and stylistic \"communication\" books for native Japanese speakers.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-26T14:37:26.180",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25351",
"last_activity_date": "2017-09-19T07:25:01.780",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-26T20:05:20.823",
"last_editor_user_id": "10465",
"owner_user_id": "10465",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"business-japanese"
],
"title": "Resources for learning business Japanese",
"view_count": 934
} | [
{
"body": "If your level is N1 and above, how about reading resources for university\nstudents who are hunting job (就活)? Since those resources target beginner in\nbusiness, I think they are the best resources you can get online. For example,\n[this site](http://freshers.adecco.co.jp/knowhow/manner/wording.html) tells\nbasic honorific expression (敬語). And [this site](http://www.elite-\nnetwork.co.jp/x/dictionary/consulcontent.html) has list for terminology (業界用語)\nused in consulting firm. \n \nIf you can visit bookstore, there are also books for job hunting students.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-26T15:07:37.797",
"id": "25352",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-26T15:07:37.797",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10264",
"parent_id": "25351",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] | 25351 | null | 25352 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25366",
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "Every dictionary I've found says that 連れていく{つれていく} should only be used to mean\nleading someone of a lower social status. While my research and experience has\nfound this to be true in most cases, I've found a few sentences that seem to\nbreak this rule, particularly someone bringing their parents to either a\nvacation or the hospital. For example:\n\n> 両親を旅行に連れていく \n> 親を病院に連れていく\n\nMy theory is that it actually applies to anyone of a lower social status _or_\nanyone in your social circle- someone that you're familiar with. But I can't\nfigure it out, because it's actually kind of hard to find any examples of\nbringing _anyone_ of a higher social status, like your boss, somewhere.\n\nIs it correct to say that this verb can only be used to bring those of a lower\nsocial status? If it is, why are the above examples correct?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-26T15:28:49.327",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25353",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-27T02:01:55.007",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9749",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"words"
],
"title": "Can 連れていく be used with someone with a higher social status?",
"view_count": 881
} | [
{
"body": "This is a really good question and I think your theory is correct. Let me\nexplain with three scenarios. \nSituation: You are in the office and Yamamoto-san comes to the office to meet\nyour colleague.\n\n * Yamamoto-san belongs to another company / or customer \n「今から山本様をお連れします / ご案内します」\n\n * In the company, Yamamoto-san is in lower-position than your colleague AND in the same position as you / or lower position than you \n「今から山本を連れていきます」\n\n * In the company, Yamamoto-san is in the same position as your colleague or in lower position, but higher than your position \n「今から山本さんをお連れいたします」\n\nIn the first example, you are bringing someone in the higher position than\nyou, and you are talking to your boss, 「連れて行きます」 is not the best expression.\nActually, 「ご案内します」is the best here. \nIn the second example, you are bringing someone in the lower position than\nyou, 「連れて行きます」 is OK as stated in your first theory. \nIn the third example, since Yamamoto-san is in higher position than you,\nhonorific expression (〜いたします) is used. \n \nTurning to your second part of theory, let's see other examples:\n\n * If you are talking to your friends (or someone in the same position) \n「こないだの休みに両親を旅行に連れていったよ」\n\n * If you are talking to your boss (or someone in the higher position) \n「こないだの休みに両親を旅行に連れていきました」 \nHere, 「連れて行く」 is still used since you are talking about someone you're\nfamiliar with, but since you are talking to your boss, honorific expression is\nused.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-26T16:04:15.207",
"id": "25355",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-26T16:04:15.207",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10264",
"parent_id": "25353",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "This is my personal opinion after living in Japan for a year.\n\nThe word 連れる literally means \"to lead\" or \"to take (a person) somewhere\". The\nemphasis here being \"to lead\" which indicates that you are in charge of where\nyou're going as opposed to showing some one the way or chauffeuring them\nthere.\n\nThe form 「連れて行く」signifies that you are going along and leading them.\n\nIf you are of a lower social standing then it sounds odd that you should\n\"lead\" or be in charge over some one of higher social status. However within\nthe group of your friends (or family, or co-workers) where you share equal\nsocial standing it is okay to be in charge and lead someone when you're going\nsomewhere. Or at least this is how I see it.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-26T19:06:17.007",
"id": "25360",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-26T19:06:17.007",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10468",
"parent_id": "25353",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "As far as honorific speech is concerned, your own parents are **_not_** any\nhigher than yourself in status. You treat them as your equals when speaking to\na third party. If you have been taught otherwise somewhere, it is indeed\nunfortunate. That is why you **_must_** say 「[親]{おや}を～～に[連]{つ}れていく」, instead\nof saying it using a \"better\" verb that will be introduced below.\n\nIf, however, you are taking another person's parents (outside of your family),\nyour teacher, your customer, etc. to a place, then you will use 「～～を～～に\n**お連れする** 」. Using 「連れていく」 in these cases will make one a very poor keigo-user\n(and in the business world, you will be called out).\n\nPoint is it does not matter how much you personally respect and admire your\nparents. That is your business and it is cool. You just do not elevate them as\nobjects of respect when speaking to a third party about them in keigo. This is\nextremely important and is surely a weak point for many Japanese-learners.\n\n> 「[両親]{りょうしん}を[旅行]{りょこう}に連れていく」\n>\n> 「親を[病院]{びょういん}に連れていく」\n\nBoth phrases above are perfect (because the speakers are **_not_** elevating\ntheir parents in status).\n\nAgain, you should never, ever replace 「連れていく」 by 「お連れする」 in the phrases above.\nThat would be \"trying to\" speak politely and failing miserably. \"Comical\" is\nhow that would sound to native speakers.\n\n「連れていく」 is for people lower or equal in status, not just lower as you stated.\nYour family members are your equals in the keigo world.\n\n「お連れする」 is for people higher in status. In reality, however, the politer\nspeakers use it even when talking about taking a stranger somewhere if the\nstranger is not way younger than themselves. But they sure will not use it for\ntheir parents or grand-parents because they know they should not.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-27T01:02:48.453",
"id": "25366",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-27T02:01:55.007",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-27T02:01:55.007",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "25353",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] | 25353 | 25366 | 25366 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25359",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Say that I am currently eating something, would I say 今食べています, or would I say\n今食べます?\n\nSimilarly, if I want to say that I know English, would I use 英語をしります or would\nI use 英語を知っています?\n\nWhat's the difference in parsing these sentences, too? I understand that Vている\nimplies some kind of continuation of state, or an activity that lasts for some\ntime; but can't the dictionary form also express that?\n\nThank you",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-26T16:58:16.443",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25357",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-28T03:02:48.637",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-28T03:02:48.637",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10329",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"verbs",
"て-form",
"aspect"
],
"title": "When to use Vている and when to use the dictionary form?",
"view_count": 1255
} | [
{
"body": "～ている means \"am currently doing\" (Think v+ing in English) Dictionary form is\nmore general.\n\nSo in answer to your questions: 今食べています is I'm eating (literally in the act of\ndoing). 今食べます works fine grammatically but it has a different meaning. If you\nwere asked when you were going to eat, you could reply with 今食べます which would\nmean you are going to start right now.\n\nFor speaking English, the examples would be more natural using 話す。 英語を話します = I\nspeak English. (As with in English, you're able to speak English, but maybe\naren't specifically doing it right now). 英語を話しています = I am speaking English.\n(The words coming out of your mouth, right now, are English... and hopefully\nthey sound that way). :)\n\nThere are some pitfalls where your English speaking brain will want to use one\nover the other, but it's more natural to use the reverse. Don't worry about\nthat for now though.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-26T18:23:24.330",
"id": "25359",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-26T18:23:24.330",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "7550",
"parent_id": "25357",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] | 25357 | 25359 | 25359 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25368",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "What is the grammar behind the use of the quote marker と in this sentence?\n\n> 雨がいつ降るか **と** 大変楽しみにしていましたが、なかなか雨が降りません。\n>\n> He was looking forward to when the rain would come, but...\n\nCan I also write\n\n> 雨が降ることを大変楽しみにしていましたが、なかなか雨が降りません。\n>\n> He was looking forward to the rain coming, but...\n\nand does it change the nuance?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-26T19:11:05.447",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25361",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-27T07:26:25.377",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "7944",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"questions",
"particle-と"
],
"title": "Embedded question followed by と",
"view_count": 438
} | [
{
"body": "As you already noticed that the と is used as the quote marker in the first\nsentence. That means 雨がいつ降るか is written as the person's thought, which makes\nthe sentence more subjective.\n\nOn the contrary, the second sentence sounds more objective.\n\nRelatively with or without personal feelings might be the crucial difference\nbetween the two sentences.\n\nBy the way, just by the single sentence without context, the subject of it is\nmore likely to be \"I\" rather than \"HE\".",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-27T07:26:25.377",
"id": "25368",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-27T07:26:25.377",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10471",
"parent_id": "25361",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
}
] | 25361 | 25368 | 25368 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25364",
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "Whilst it isn't always the case, I do occasionally see sentences that I think\nwould be written out in full as 感じがする as opposed to 感じ. Take the following\nexamples.\n\n> お風呂って大好きなんです。心が休まる感じで \n> 心が休まる感じがするのでお風呂が大好きなんです\n\nor\n\n> 恋した時ってどんな感じがするんですか \n> 恋した時ってどんな感じなんですか\n\nSo my question is:\n\nIs it relatively common in normal speech to abbreviate 感じがする＞感じ?(If this is\njust me me misunderstanding and this isn't actually done, then please explain\nthe differences in meaning between two suitable sentences)",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-26T19:27:38.273",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25362",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-26T23:45:05.807",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-26T19:54:21.697",
"last_editor_user_id": "3437",
"owner_user_id": "10469",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"spoken-language"
],
"title": "Is it common to shorten 感じがする to 感じ?",
"view_count": 1983
} | [
{
"body": "I think in spoken / casual Japanese, 「感じがする」is often abbreviated as 「感じ」, but\nit is fine to use 「感じがする」.\n\n * スカイダイビングってどんな感じがするの? --> スカイダイビングってどんな感じ？\n * この部屋はなんだか怪しい感じがする --> この部屋はなんだか怪しい感じだ",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-26T23:22:37.757",
"id": "25363",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-26T23:22:37.757",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10264",
"parent_id": "25362",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "感じ(だ) is more colloquial than 感じがする, but I would say they're also slightly\ndifferent. 感じだ doesn't necessarily have something to do with feelings, e.g.\n\n> そんな感じ(だ) (It's) something like that\n\nLikewise 恋した時ってどんな感じなんですか _could_ be asking about other circumstances than\nfeelings, although feelings would be an obvious topic when talking about love:\n\"What's it like to fall in love\" whereas 感じがする is asking more specifically\nabout feelings.\n\n心が休まる感じで _could_ lean more towards the translation \"it's like I become rested\"\nthan \"I feel rested\".\n\nIt's hard to describe the difference with your examples, since they're already\ntalking about stuff that has to do with feelings. But you could imagine a\nconversation like:\n\n> 朝はどんな感じ？ What are your mornings like? \n> 起きて朝ごはんを食べて、急いで家を出る I wake up, eat breakfast and hurry out the door\n\nwhere 感じがする would seem a bit unnatural.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-26T23:38:50.960",
"id": "25364",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-26T23:38:50.960",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "1073",
"parent_id": "25362",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
},
{
"body": "For the most time, you can use 「感じがする」 and 「感じ」 interchangeably (if you're\nreferring to feelings). If I were to give a difference between those two, I\nwould say that with 「感じがする」, you are more conscious about how it feels.\n「恋した時ってどんな感じがするんですか」 could be translated to \"What does it feel like to fall in\nlove?\" whereas with 「感じなんですか」 I might translate it to \"What's it like to fall\nin love?\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-26T23:38:57.577",
"id": "25365",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-26T23:45:05.807",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-26T23:45:05.807",
"last_editor_user_id": "5212",
"owner_user_id": "5212",
"parent_id": "25362",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] | 25362 | 25364 | 25364 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25369",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> 丸い顔と丸い頬は幼い容貌を形作り、 **そのせいもあってか** 、 **服の上からでもわかる**\n> くらい豊かに成熟している胸元にはつい目を引き寄せられてしまう。\n\nWhat does あって+か do in this sentence?\n\nAlso what meaning does でもわかる have in this sentence? Is the でも being used as\n\"even\"?\n\nThanks!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-27T06:56:22.390",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25367",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-27T07:26:31.580",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10316",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "What does でもわかる mean and what does あって+か do?",
"view_count": 518
} | [
{
"body": "Hope the following helps.\n\nその せい も あって か \"(partly and/or maybe) because of, (among other reasons)\"\n\n服の上からでも わかる \"noticeable even when the girl is clothed\"",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-27T07:26:31.580",
"id": "25369",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-27T07:26:31.580",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10402",
"parent_id": "25367",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] | 25367 | 25369 | 25369 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "If a Japanese person calls you older brother/sister(お兄さん, お姉さん), in addition\nto implying closeness, does it also mean that they are implying a platonic\nrelationship?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-27T09:24:56.590",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25371",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-27T12:04:39.693",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-27T11:49:11.000",
"last_editor_user_id": "10109",
"owner_user_id": "10109",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"culture"
],
"title": "Calling someone older brother/sister and the implications on relationships",
"view_count": 3056
} | [
{
"body": "By \"older brother\", I assume you mean お兄さん.\n\nBy \"older sister, I assume you mean お姉さん.\n\nIf so, then this is one type of way of referring to men/boys and women/girls\nwho are not so old as to merit おじさん おじいさん おばさん おばあさん.\n\nI was a bit surprised at this mode of reference the first time someone did it\nto me, but it's pretty common.\n\nIt does not necessarily imply anything at all about closeness. First person to\ncall me お兄さん that I an remember was a plumber working on my apartment. I hope\nhis intentions were platonic, but I don't know if using this marks off one's\nintentions in that way.\n\n* * *\n\nIf you mean putting 兄 or 弟 after someone's name, then I've only seen that in\nchurches. (there may be other contexts).",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-27T11:33:41.237",
"id": "25372",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-27T12:04:39.693",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-27T12:04:39.693",
"last_editor_user_id": "4091",
"owner_user_id": "4091",
"parent_id": "25371",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] | 25371 | null | 25372 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I've heard this in an anime but need to understand the definition of it",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-27T17:40:26.593",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25373",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-27T21:41:47.757",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10299",
"post_type": "question",
"score": -3,
"tags": [
"definitions",
"anime"
],
"title": "What does ''Kono watashi ga'' mean?",
"view_count": 3314
} | [
{
"body": "Since there isn't enough context to judge exactly in what sense it is used, I\nguess it was similar to この私が〜します. And I also assume that you wonder why there\nis この before 私. \nHere, \"Kono watashi ga (この私が)\" basically means \"I\", but it is emphasized. It\nis also pronounced as \"Kono watakushi ga\" in more formal way. \n \nEx:\n\n * もう20歳若ければ、この私が彼女と結婚している: \nIf I was 20 years younger, I'd marry her myself. (Here, not others but I get\nmarried to her)\n\n * 驚いたでしょうね、この私が延期してやろうと思うなんて: \nYou are surprised at my wishing to postpone it.\n\n * よかったら、この私がそれを取ってきてあげましょうか?: \nIf it is OK, shall I go get it?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-27T21:41:47.757",
"id": "25374",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-27T21:41:47.757",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10264",
"parent_id": "25373",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] | 25373 | null | 25374 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25378",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Consider the following combination. Which is the correct one?\n\n 1. テレビが私の国で 《できた》 のは１９６０ 《です》。\n 2. テレビが私の国で 《できる》 のは１９６０ 《です》。\n 3. テレビが私の国で 《できた》 のは１９６０ 《でした》。\n 4. テレビが私の国で 《できる》 のは１９６０ 《でした》。\n\nNote: The important words are intentionally bracketed for the sake of\nemphasizing.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-28T02:17:30.767",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25376",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-19T14:42:16.880",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-19T14:42:16.880",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "9896",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 19,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"relative-clauses",
"cleft-sentences",
"relative-tense"
],
"title": "How to appropriately pair tenses in subordinate and main clauses?",
"view_count": 1594
} | [
{
"body": "In English, the tense of the main clause and relative clauses is usually\nrelative to the time at which the sentence is spoken.\n\n> I **waited** until the bus **came**.\n\nYou use the past tense on both verbs because both the waiting and the coming\nhappened in the past. But while you were waiting, the bus hadn't come yet! So,\nrelative to the action of waiting, the bus coming happened in the _future_\n(but still in the past of when the sentence was spoken.)\n\nIn Japanese, on the other hand, only the tense of the _main clause_ is\nrelative to now. The tense of relative and subordinate clauses is relative to\nthe time the main clause happens. So in the above sentence, the verb \"came\"\nwould actually be in the non-past (aka. present) tense, even though it (the\nbus coming) has already happened in the past:\n\n> バスが来るまで待った。\n\nIf the whole thing hasn't happened yet, only the final verb must change:\n\n> バスが来るまで待つ。 \n> I will wait until the bus comes.\n\nThis entire concept is also why 後で always takes the past and 前に always takes\nthe non-past. With 後で, the relative clause is always in the main clause's past\n(happened before it), and thus must take the past:\n\n> 食べた後で歯を磨いた。 \n> After eating, I brushed my teeth.\n\nEven if both eating and brushing teeth is in the future, 食べる must be in the\npast because it is past relative to the main verb (磨く).\n\nThe opposite of this happens with 前に. It is always _after_ the main clause- in\nthe main clause's future- so the verb before 前に must be in the non-past form:\n\n> 歯を磨く前に食べた。 \n> I ate before brushing my teeth.\n\nEven (indirect) quotes follow this rule, as they are subordinate clauses. In\nfact, this allows the speaker to give a bit more information when compared to\nEnglish:\n\n> 私はなおみが学校にいると思った。 \n> 私はなおみが学校にいたと思った。 \n> I thought Naomi was at school.\n\nThese both translate to the same English sentence, but they do not share the\nsame meaning. The former implies that the speaker thinks Naomi is at school\n_as he's thinking_ , while the latter means the speaker thinks Naomi was at\nschool sometime even further in the past (but probably somewhere else at the\ntime of thinking). Again, changing only the main verb and retaining the tense\nof the subordinate verbs still holds these temporal relationships.\n\nThis may sound crazy, but in your example, I believe the the relative clause\nis actually happening at the same time as the main clause. The reason I say\nthis is because both the subordinate and the main clause are referring to the\nsame thing- the creation date, which will be the same from 1960 and forward.\nBut because you're talking after 1960, both 2 and 4 will sound weird, as 1960\nis in the past. Option 1 works because it's just stating the current creation\ndate- 1960. Option 3 also works because it's stating the creation date at some\npoint in the past- still 1960. So either option 1 or option 3 will work fine.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-28T04:06:35.660",
"id": "25378",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-28T04:06:35.660",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9749",
"parent_id": "25376",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 25
},
{
"body": "I agree with @Blavius but also your santence have mistakes.\n\nI would rather say:\n\n> 私の国で **テレビができた** のは1960 **年** です。\n\nBut I don't think Japanese would say that.\n\nI think maybe something like this:\n\n私の国ではテレビは1960年に作られ始めました。\n\n私の国では - it's mean in my country is like this (and for others is different). \n作られ始めました - this is mix of 2 gramma: \n\n * ukemikei 受け身形 it's very difficult so if you not in this level it's better to forget about it :D \n\n * and て始まる it means for example someone start doing something (e.g. 昨日、本を読み始めました).\n\n(I edited it because previous was a little incorrect)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2020-09-15T16:23:16.740",
"id": "80667",
"last_activity_date": "2020-09-18T09:42:00.130",
"last_edit_date": "2020-09-18T09:42:00.130",
"last_editor_user_id": "38695",
"owner_user_id": "38695",
"parent_id": "25376",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] | 25376 | 25378 | 25378 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25379",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> そんなスゴイ御方は、ヒューマンのお店でアルバイトをしてしまっている **わけ** だけど。勿論、お金を稼いで明日を生き抜くためだ。\n\nWhat meaning does わけ give to that sentence? Is it indicating a reason?\n\nThanks!",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-28T04:06:07.030",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25377",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-28T07:07:00.940",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-28T07:07:00.940",
"last_editor_user_id": "10316",
"owner_user_id": "10316",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "What does わけ do in this sentence?",
"view_count": 512
} | [
{
"body": "Here, わけ doesn't mean reason. It emphasizes that something is a natural result\nand can be omitted. \nEx:\n\n * 彼があまりにできるからヘッドハンターの目に留まったというわけだ。(He came to the headhunter's attention because he was so competent.) Here, 〜ヘッドハンターの目に留まった。 is also fine.\n * No wonder he didn't get my e-mail. I didn't send it! (彼がメールを受け取らなかったわけだ。私が送らなかったんだから！)\n * This building is really solid. No wonder it survived the earthquake. (本当に頑丈な作りの建物ですね。あの地震にも耐えて残ったわけだ)\n * そういうわけだ。(That's the story. / That's what this is all about.)",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-28T04:28:16.830",
"id": "25379",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-28T04:28:16.830",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10264",
"parent_id": "25377",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] | 25377 | 25379 | 25379 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Consider the following pairs,\n\n * can hear: 聞ける (the potential of 聞く) and 聞こえる\n * can see: 見られる (the potential of 見る) and 見える\n\nI am interested to know the etymologies of how some words have explicit\npotential forms while other words do not have. What are their purposes? I\nthink it is redundant.\n\n# Bonus\n\nIs there any terminology used to refer to words having explicit potential\nsense?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-28T07:57:01.857",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25382",
"last_activity_date": "2015-08-27T10:00:38.577",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9896",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"etymology"
],
"title": "Etymologically why do some words have explicit potential sense while others don't have?",
"view_count": 191
} | [
{
"body": "見える and 聞こえる come from classical forms 見ゆ and 聞こゆ. These potentials would be\nnatural to those verbs, but they've survived past the originals' death.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-28T09:37:05.947",
"id": "25386",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-28T09:37:05.947",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9971",
"parent_id": "25382",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] | 25382 | null | 25386 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25385",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I'm learning Japanese and currently I finished the hiragana and katakana\ncharts.\n\nA friend of mine suggested me to start reading something simple to build a\nvocabulary , so I found a children's story but I'm stuck on trying to read the\nfirst phrase:\n\nむかしむかし、あるところに、おじいさんとおばあさんが住んでいました。\n\nHow can I learn new words if I can't even understand where a word begins and\nwhere it ends ?\n\nI understand that I need to learn grammar because simply knowing hiragana-\nkatakana I can't even separate the words in the phrase.\n\nI tried looking online for Japanese courses but they try to teach basic\n'survival phrases' to speak and listen to Japanese people but for now I want\nto learn hot to read and possibly write in Japanese so could you tell me where\nI can find good resources, preferably online, that teaches me how to read and\nwrite in Japanese and most important thing how to recognise the words in a\nphrase in a language without spaces.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-28T08:33:49.363",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25384",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-28T09:04:31.207",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"learning"
],
"title": "trying to learn reading Japanese",
"view_count": 762
} | [
{
"body": "If you're reading online then I suggest installing the Rikaichan plugin to\nyour browser. Hovering over the words gives you the meaning and the\nconjugation of the verbs etc.\n\nThe real problem is that you need to learn kanji. Trying to read hiragana with\nno spaces is a nightmare. The kanji break up the stream into manageable\nchunks.\n\nAlso, become familiar with the particles. These are usually really helpful for\ndelineating where words end.\n\n> むかしむかし、あるところ **に** 、おじいさん **と** おばあさん **が** 住んでいました。\n>\n> Once upon a time, in some place, there lived an old man and an old women\n\nI've highlighted the particles in bold. In this particular sentence, that\nseparates all the words for you.\n\nFinally don't get too disheartened if you struggle with the story. I have a\nset of children's books which claim to be for beginners but which contain\ncomplex grammar and obscure words. You'll get there in the end.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-28T09:04:31.207",
"id": "25385",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-28T09:04:31.207",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "7944",
"parent_id": "25384",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
] | 25384 | 25385 | 25385 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I am working on the みんなの日本語 標準問題集 初級 I Lesson 23.\n\nThere is a question related to the usage of とき。\n\n```\n\n パスポートを（なくします ー＞＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿）とき、どうしますか。\n \n けさここへ （来ます ー＞＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿）とき、駅で新聞を買いました。\n \n```\n\nThe answers are:\n\n```\n\n パスポートを（なくした）とき、どうしますか。\n \n けさここへ（くる）とき、駅で新聞を買いました。\n \n```\n\nI cannot understand:\n\n 1. Why the first sentence uses past tense, because I think it asks a general question about what shall be done when passport is lost.\n\n 2. Why the second sentence uses dictionary form rather than きた。I think the action \"come\" has completed when the speaker speaks this.\n\nPlease help. Thank you very much.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-28T09:41:39.657",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25387",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-28T11:46:36.897",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-28T11:15:44.743",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "7983",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"usage"
],
"title": "Question about とき",
"view_count": 294
} | [
{
"body": "1. As you said, it is a general question. Since it is asking what would you do when you lose the passport (the action is completed in the future), past tense is used. \nIf it is a repeated action, present tense is used.\n本を読むとき、あなたはどこで読むのが好きですか？(When you read books, where do you like to read?) \n \n\n 2. This is a quite tricky one. \n \na. This morning, you went to A and on the way to A, you bought a newspaper at\nthe station. Now, you are at A and you tell to your friend: 今朝ここへ(ここ means\nA)来るとき、駅で新聞を買いました \n \nb. Let's think a little bit tricky situation. Imagine place A is a large\nbuilding that has a station and your office (In Japan, this kind of large\nbuilding is called 駅ビル). Now you are walking from B to somewhere with your\nfriend and now passing by A. You tell your friend: 今朝ここへ来たとき、駅で新聞を買いました。 \n \nIn situation b, you are not talking about the action on the way to A, but the\naction after you arrived at A. That's why using past tense is acceptable. I\nwould say situation b is quite rare.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-28T11:46:36.897",
"id": "25388",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-28T11:46:36.897",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10264",
"parent_id": "25387",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] | 25387 | null | 25388 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25407",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "A character from a book (カゲロウデイズ -in a daze-) said this:\n\n> 「ほら、お揃いのカップでみんなでお茶とかしたら楽しそうじゃない？」\n\nI am confused as to the use of the \"とかしたら\" after \"お茶.\" She is saying that\nsomething seems fun with the uniform's cap, but how is \"とかしたら\" being used? Is\nit the \"とか\" in a list with the -たら from of する, just \"と\" attached to the verb\n\"かす,\" or something else?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-28T21:46:47.603",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25405",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-28T23:07:35.937",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "6881",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"meaning",
"usage",
"expressions"
],
"title": "Question conserning using とかしたら",
"view_count": 116
} | [
{
"body": "Here, 〜とかしたら is almost the same as 〜したら。Simply put, it can be said\n〜お茶したら楽しそうじゃない？ So why we use とかしたら? \nIf we use とかしたら, there are possibilities for other options, while 〜したら\nexplicitly set the condition.\n\nEx. \n次の週末に旅行したら、リフレッシュできる (If I travel next weekend, I'll get refreshed) \n次の週末に旅行とかしたら、リフレッシュできる (If I do something like travelling, I'll get refreshed)\n/ Here, travelling is not the only way to get refreshed.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-28T23:07:35.937",
"id": "25407",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-28T23:07:35.937",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10264",
"parent_id": "25405",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
] | 25405 | 25407 | 25407 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25409",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Does お好きに僕に連絡かけてください sound natural, and does it make sense as a sentence? If\nnot, what would a more natural alternative be? In particular, I'm unsure about\nお好きに and ください in the same sentence.",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-29T00:17:22.470",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25408",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-29T05:21:31.473",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "9185",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"syntax"
],
"title": "Would it make sense to say お好きに僕に連絡かけてください?",
"view_count": 450
} | [
{
"body": "Correct me if I'm wrong, but I think you're trying to say something like\n\n> Please feel free to contact me again.\n\nMaybe? From your choice of 僕, I'm guessing this is not necessarily an overly\nformal context.\n\n 1. お好きに is not used like that. (Did you get this from お好きにどうぞ?) Depending on context and tone, もしよかったら or お気軽に or いつでも might be usable, although I don't know why you need it here in the first place. It's not like また連絡してくださいね would be interpreted as an obligation. (That would be お返事お待ちしております。よろしくお願いします。)\n\n 2. 僕に is superfluous, especially with 連絡 **する** (see below). Who else are they going to contact?\n\n 3. Not ~~連絡かける~~. It's 電話をかける and 連絡 **する**.\n\nWithout context this is obviously a shot in the dark, but...\n\n> いつでも連絡(して)ください",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-29T00:56:42.843",
"id": "25409",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-29T00:56:42.843",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "1628",
"parent_id": "25408",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 4
},
{
"body": "I think that \"お好きな **時** に連絡ください\" also sounds natural.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-29T05:21:31.473",
"id": "25416",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-29T05:21:31.473",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "5047",
"parent_id": "25408",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
] | 25408 | 25409 | 25409 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25447",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Is there a Japanese equivalent to \"to be out of it\"?\n\nI just had a busy weekend and need to ask someone something again which I had\nasked them before because I forgot the answer. Now I want to tell them that\n\"I'm a bit out of it because of last weekend\" and that's the reason why I am\nasking the same thing again.\n\nAnother example of \"to be out of it\" would be for example to say \"I'm sorry I\nhave a cold so I'm a bit out of it\". Meaning you want to ask for patience and\nwant the listener to not expect your usual self.\n\nI suspect if there is indeed such a thing it might turn out to be an idiom/set\nphrase rather than just a word. Note that this is colloquial in English and\nI'd like to have the same level of colloquialism in the Japanese version of\nit. Thank you for your help!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-29T01:44:05.430",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25410",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-30T17:02:43.393",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10344",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"words",
"colloquial-language"
],
"title": "How to say \"to be out of it\" in Japanese?",
"view_count": 2527
} | [
{
"body": "ぼーっとしている.\n\nぼーっと = out of it.\n\nしている here reveals a 状態 that is continuing.\n\n* * *\n\nI had originally and mistakenly supposed [没頭]{ぼっとう} which means \"immersed in\"\n(similar pronunciation), but a helpful nudge and an image search have\ncorrected me on that point...",
"comment_count": 7,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-29T02:26:36.123",
"id": "25412",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-29T03:17:07.037",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-29T03:17:07.037",
"last_editor_user_id": "4091",
"owner_user_id": "4091",
"parent_id": "25410",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
},
{
"body": "I'm Japanese and don't know well about the English idiom \"to be out of it.\"\nBut I think I know some useful Japanese words for your situations.\n\n###\n\n### 「頭が働かない」\n\nThis expression is natural to say when you have a cold, fever or other bad\ncondition and can't understand or think about things well temporary. \"I'm\nsorry I have a cold so I'm a bit out of it.\" could be\n\n>\n> 「すみません、[風邪]{かぜ}が[悪化]{あっか}しまして、[今日]{きょう}は[少々]{しょうしょう}[頭]{あたま}が[働]{はたら}いてないときがあるかもしれません。」\n\nin Japanese polite conversation. Without [敬語]{けいご},\n\n> 「ごめんね、[風邪]{かぜ}で[今]{いま}ちょっと[頭]{あたま}が[働]{はたら}いてないかも」\n\n###\n\n### 「ぼんやり」「ぼんやりしがち」\n\nぼんやり means almost same as ぼうっと in the sentence ぼうっとする. The difference is that\nwe can use ぼんやり in more various situations than ぼうっと or ぼーっと. ぼんやり is not a\nperfect formal word, and can be both polite and casual ways of saying to\nanyone. 「[最近]{さいきん}なんだかぼーっとしてる」or 「最近なんとなくぼーっとしてる」 sounds like you do so\nbecause you like to do so. If you say\n\n> 「最近なんだかぼーっとしちゃう(casual)」\n\nor\n\n> 「最近なんだかぼーっとしてしまう(casual)」,\n\nJapanese people think it happens whether you like or not.\n\n> 「最近なんだかぼんやりしがち」\n\nhas the same meaning. With \"a little\",\n\n> 「最近なんだかちょっとぼんやりしがち」\n\nor\n\n> 「最近なんだかちょっとぼーっとしちゃう」\n\nis natural to say.\n\n> 「最近なんだか[少]{すこ}しぼんやりしがちなんです」\n\nis a [敬語]{けいご} version.\n\n###\n\n### 「頭がまわらない」\n\nWhen I really need to use my brain but it doesn't work, I say\n「[頭]{あたま}がまわらない」. This is one of common expressions in Japanese language. If\n頭がまわらない, people can't be productive or energetic.\n\n###\n\n### 「いっぱいいっぱい」\n\nThis is frequently used in everyday conversation in Japan. いっぱいいっぱい means that\nyou have things to do more than you can manage, and your overworked brain\nseems to be able to accept no more input. So your situation could be described\nlike this\n\n> 「[週末]{しゅうまつ}、[忙]{いそが}し[過]{す}ぎて、いっぱいいっぱいになってました」.\n\nいっぱいいっぱい sounds like a childish word but actually everyone uses this; kids,\nwomen, men, seniors, really everyone in Japan. This is not a perfect formal\nword but we can use いっぱいいっぱい in [敬語]{けいご} conversation. Of course, in casual\nconversation too. When we want emphasize this, we say\n\n> 「もういっぱいいっぱい」「かなりいっぱいいっぱい」etc.\n\nIf I were you, I would say\n\n>\n> 「[忙]{いそが}し[過]{す}ぎて[本当]{ほんとう}いっぱいいっぱいになってて、週末、頭ちゃんとまわってなかったみたい。ごめんね、あの[答]{こた}え、もう[一回]{いっかい}、[教]{おし}えてもらっていい？\n> お[願]{ねが}い！(casual)」\n\nto someone whose answer I've forgotten. The 敬語 version is\n\n>\n> 「すみません。週末いろいろといっぱいいっぱいの[状態]{じょうたい}で、ちょっと[記憶]{きおく}のはっきりしない[部分]{ぶぶん}がありまして……本当にすみません、もう[一度]{いちど}だけ、あのことをお[伺]{うかが}いしてもいいですか？」\n\n###\n\nI guess that in everyday conversation, 「ぼうっと」, 「ぼんやり」 or\n「[頭]{あたま}が[働]{はたら}かない」 has the closest meaning to \"to be out of it\". But other\nwords might be better to use in some cases.\n\nOther words examples:\n\n> 「へろへろ」「へろへろ[気味]{ぎみ}」「[思考]{しこう}[停止]{ていし}[状態]{じょうたい}」 etc.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-30T17:02:43.393",
"id": "25447",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-30T17:02:43.393",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "10484",
"parent_id": "25410",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 11
}
] | 25410 | 25447 | 25447 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25417",
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "If I remember correctly, **North** Korea is called \"北朝鮮{きたちょうせん}\" in Japan?\nBut, I think \"朝鮮\" might actually be written in Katakana?\n\nAnyway, given that \"朝鮮\" was Japan's colonial name for (all of) Korea,\nshouldn't it be named something other than \"北朝鮮\"? (Personally, I have no\nopinion about this). Surely, that is why South Korea is now 韓国{かんこく} and not\n\"南朝鮮{みなみちょうせん}? I mean, no matter how strained (or non-existent) Japan's\ndiplomatic relationship with North Korea might be, don't the South Koreans\nobject to the name \"北朝鮮\" (because it conjures the history of colonial Japan)??\n\n**primary reason I asked the question:** \nI've always thought that \"朝鮮\" has a negative connotation in Japanese daily\nconversation, yet South Koreans (as far as I know) don't object to North Korea\nbeing called \"北朝鮮\" even in NHK broadcasts. That is the only reason I asked the\nquestion.\n\nThe answers I got are great. I understand now.",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-29T02:02:46.397",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25411",
"last_activity_date": "2017-09-05T09:34:28.330",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-29T13:50:56.710",
"last_editor_user_id": "10193",
"owner_user_id": "10193",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 7,
"tags": [
"words",
"etymology"
],
"title": "Doesn't Japan call North Korea \"北朝鮮\" ? why?",
"view_count": 5387
} | [
{
"body": "Well, I don't feel like talking about international relationships, but...\n\n> given that \"朝鮮\" was Japan's colonial name for (all of) Korea\n\nIt is the assertion by South Korea, but it is groundless. It is true that the\nword \"朝鮮\" was (or still is, I dunno) sometimes used in a derogatory way, but\nthe word itself originates back in the early days of the first millennium.\n\nYou can find the usage in Chinese documents of that era. For the record, the\nChinese called the region 朝鮮 because the people there brought few tribute.\nThat is, \"朝\" in this case stands for \"朝貢\" (= tribute) and \"鮮\" stands for\n\"few\".\n\nAnd you should be reminded that North Korea call themselves \"朝鮮民主主義人民共和国\". If\nthey regard \"朝鮮\" was Japan's colonial name, how can this happen?",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-29T03:00:07.993",
"id": "25414",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-29T03:19:37.857",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-29T03:19:37.857",
"last_editor_user_id": "10402",
"owner_user_id": "10402",
"parent_id": "25411",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "朝鮮 comes from the Joseon dynasty, which is the longest-lasting Korean dynasty,\nwhose rule lasted from the late 14th century all the way to the late 19th\ncentury. The use of this name can be chronicled in Chinese records from as\nearly as 100 BC.\n\nAfter the fall of the Joseon dynasty, the Koreans changed their country name\nto 大韓帝国 \"Daehan Jeguk,\" or the \"Great Han Empire.\" The 韓 in this name is the\nsame as the 韓 in 韓国 and stems from the three ancient kingdoms of Korea,\nGoguryeo, Silla, and Baekje, circa around 0 AD. This 韓 is likely a native\nKorean word, whose pronunciation was just reflected in Chinese writings of the\ntime with the character 韓, and should not be confused with the character 漢,\nboth of which are pronounced as カン in Japanese and \"han\" in Chinese (although\nwith differing tones).\n\nAfter the Korean Empire came under Japanese rule in the early 20th century,\nthe name was reverted to 朝鮮. After World War II and the Korean war ended,\nSouth Korea adopted the name 大韓民国, \"Daehan Minguk,\" partially to distance\nthemselves from the Japanese imperial name of 朝鮮. For whatever reason, North\nKorea decided to keep the name 朝鮮 in their official name: 朝鮮民主主義人民共和国.\n\nJapan continues to use whichever name the individual sides prefer, thus\nleaving North Korea as 朝鮮 and South Korea as 韓国, although North Korea raises a\nstink about being called 北朝鮮 as it implies that their rule over the entire\npeninsula isn't legitimate. Incidentally, the name for the landmass both\ncountries reside on is still called 朝鮮半島.\n\nFor what it's worth, the name \"Korea\" in English also comes from a Korean\ndynasty, the Goryeo 高麗 dynasty which was the dynasty immediately preceding the\nJoseon dynasty.\n\nSource: Mainly taken from <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Names_of_Korea>",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-29T05:53:48.620",
"id": "25417",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-29T07:11:39.180",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-29T07:11:39.180",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": null,
"parent_id": "25411",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 15
},
{
"body": "Jo-Seon, or \"Cho-Sun\" means the \"land of morning (jo') calm\"(seon') for Korea.\nNippon or \"Nihon\" the \"land of rising sun\" for Japan. Joong-Guo, the \"middle\nkingdom\" for China.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-09-05T09:34:28.330",
"id": "53044",
"last_activity_date": "2017-09-05T09:34:28.330",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "25686",
"parent_id": "25411",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] | 25411 | 25417 | 25417 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25420",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I would like to know how to express \"I was supposed\" in japanese\n\nFor example, in the sentences :\n\n```\n\n - Did you meet John yesterday ?\n - I was supposed to but he cancelled\n \n```\n\nOR\n\n```\n\n - I am supposed to do my homework but I really don't want to. \n \n```\n\nIs there a generic way to translate that idea ? or is it case by case ? I am\nthinking maybe using ようになる but i am not really confident. somthing like :\n\n```\n\n 会ったようになったが、結局キャンセルされた、\n \n```\n\nor using べき maybe\n\n```\n\n 宿題をやりべきだけど、やりたくない\n \n```\n\nAm I on the right direction ?",
"comment_count": 7,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-29T02:36:12.637",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25413",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-29T07:22:39.443",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10450",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"words"
],
"title": "Express the idea of \"I was supposed\"",
"view_count": 4934
} | [
{
"body": "I would say\n\n昨日{きのう}Johnに会{あ}ったかい? for \"Did you meet John yesterday?\"\n\nその筈{はず}だったけど、彼{かれ}にキャンセルされた for \"I was supposed to but he cancelled.\" \n(彼が中止{ちゅうし}した, if you like non-transliterated words, but this sounds stilted.)\n\n宿題をやらなければならないが、全然やりたくない for \"I am supposed to do my homework but I really\ndon't want to.\"",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-29T07:22:39.443",
"id": "25420",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-29T07:22:39.443",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10402",
"parent_id": "25413",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] | 25413 | 25420 | 25420 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "28884",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "The word アルコール is very similar to the Portuguese _alcohol_ (pronounced _alcōl_\n), this seems closer than the English アルコホール. So is the real etymology\nPortuguese rather than English?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-29T03:43:26.500",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25415",
"last_activity_date": "2015-10-29T00:51:51.887",
"last_edit_date": "2015-10-26T07:02:59.770",
"last_editor_user_id": "11104",
"owner_user_id": "7387",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"etymology",
"loanwords"
],
"title": "Is アルコール from Portuguese?",
"view_count": 255
} | [
{
"body": "大辞林 says\n\n> アルコール [0] 【 **オランダ** alcohol】〈「亜爾箇児」と当てた〉\n\nso it seems to be from Dutch (although unlike Portuguese, [Dutch does\npronounce the H](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/File:Nl-alcohol.ogg)).",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-29T10:08:20.247",
"id": "25424",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-29T10:08:20.247",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "1628",
"parent_id": "25415",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "Surveying various resources, here's what I've found:\n\n * Shogakukan's 国語大辞典 states it's from either Dutch or English _alcohol_ (my local copy: \"（オランダ・英alcohol）\")\n * Different editions of Daijirin state either Dutch definitively (my local copy: \"アルコール [0] 【(ｵﾗﾝﾀﾞ) alcohol】\") or possibly English (third edition, [online here](https://kotobank.jp/word/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B3%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB-28269#E5.A4.A7.E8.BE.9E.E6.9E.97.20.E7.AC.AC.E4.B8.89.E7.89.88): \"アルコール .【alcohol】\" -- implying English if no other language is specified).\n * [Daijisen](https://kotobank.jp/word/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B3%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB-28269#E3.83.87.E3.82.B8.E3.82.BF.E3.83.AB.E5.A4.A7.E8.BE.9E.E6.B3.89) states Dutch or English (\"アルコール（〈オランダ〉・〈英〉alcohol）\").\n * The fifth edition of the Shinmeikai also states Dutch (my local copy: \"（オ alcohol）\", with the オ short for オランダ).\n * The [Japanese Wikipedia article's section on the etymology of this term](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B3%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB#.E8.AA.9E.E6.BA.90) states a source from Dutch in the Edo period (1600-1868), and notes that there used to be an `/h/` in there much as in Dutch or English, but that historical kana usage and pronunciation changes led this ホ to become just オ, yielding the アルコール pronunciation of today.\n\nSo ultimately, the emerging consensus is that アルコール is **not** from English,\nbut rather from Dutch _alcohol_ , with the `/h/` dropping out over time due to\nnormal Japanese historical processes. We know that both the Portuguese and\nDutch were very active in trading with Japan prior to and (for the Dutch)\nduring the Edo period. In light of the historical record, English can be ruled\nout, but Portuguese could still be another possible source.",
"comment_count": 7,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-10-26T07:40:05.590",
"id": "28884",
"last_activity_date": "2015-10-29T00:51:51.887",
"last_edit_date": "2015-10-29T00:51:51.887",
"last_editor_user_id": "5229",
"owner_user_id": "5229",
"parent_id": "25415",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 6
}
] | 25415 | 28884 | 28884 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25421",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "From 林道義「父性の復権」(中央公論新社):\n\n>\n> 思春期というのは、より高いものを求める心理が強いので、親が十分に権威を持っているときでさえも、親以外のもっと尊敬できると思われる人物に傾倒し、それと比較して親を否定してくることがる。ましてや、親が十分に権威を持っていない場合には、子どもの反抗は必ず起こると言っても過言ではない。その場合には、他に具体的なモデルがなくても、親を不十分なモデルとして否定する気持ちが反抗として現れるのである。それは、より普遍的な価値を獲得しようという心の動きであるから、親は子どもの反抗に出会ったなら、そうしたより高いものを求める心が子どもに\n> **生じてきたことを喜ぶことのできる心の余裕を持ちたいものである** 。\n\nI am struggling with the last sentence of the attached text. The last line is\nwhere it gets really difficult for me, the 生じてきたことを喜ぶことのできる心の余裕を持ちたいものである.\n\nI tried to translate this sentence, but especially this last part is not\ncomprehensible for me. My attempt looks like this, but I am sure this misses\nthe point:\n\n> ...the (parent) should enable the child to develop space for carrying\n> happiness in his heart\n\nCould someone explain me what this sentence means?!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-29T06:34:34.260",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25418",
"last_activity_date": "2015-11-18T12:00:05.160",
"last_edit_date": "2015-11-18T12:00:05.160",
"last_editor_user_id": "888",
"owner_user_id": "2965",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "Meaning of 生じてきたことを喜ぶことのできる心の余裕を持ちたい",
"view_count": 219
} | [
{
"body": "I think the expression is done in a roundabout way (if not in gibberish.) I am\nconvinced it should have been written in plain Japanese.\n\nThat said, I would translate\n\n(親 は) --- 生じて きた こと を 喜ぶ こと の できる 心 の 余裕 を 持ちたい もの である\n\nas\n\nIt is desirable that parents should take it easy and congratulate that their\nchild has grown to show aspiration.\n\nI know this is not naturally flowing, but I can't make up a satin purse out of\na sow's ear.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-29T07:43:22.587",
"id": "25421",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-29T08:11:31.320",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-29T08:11:31.320",
"last_editor_user_id": "10402",
"owner_user_id": "10402",
"parent_id": "25418",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
] | 25418 | 25421 | 25421 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "25422",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "In looking up a few words for security guard, I came across four words:\n守衛{しゅえい}, ガードマン, 警備員{けいびいん}, and 警備人{けいびにん}. From what I can tell, ガードマン seems\nto be similar to 'rent-a-cop' - that is to say, it seems like a less\nrespectful term for a security guard, and something a person would be less\nlikely to call themselves than to be called. 警備員 and 警備人 appear to simply be\nvariant kanji for the same word (with a preference towards 警備人), but I can't\nquite make out the difference between 警備員 and 守衛. Can anyone help clear this\nup?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-29T07:12:18.173",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "25419",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-29T08:31:54.053",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-29T07:46:55.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "10099",
"owner_user_id": "10099",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"words",
"meaning",
"nuances"
],
"title": "Security guard nuances: 警備員 vs. 守衛",
"view_count": 1027
} | [
{
"body": "警備員 and ガードマン are both common, while the former sounds a bit more formal, and\nthe latter is commonly used in conversations. I don't think ガードマン is less\nrespectful at least in Japanese. 守衛 is not the most common word.\n\nStrictly speaking, 警備員 and 守衛 are legally different (see the third question in\n[this page](http://www.nekko.co.jp/q_and_a.html#q3)). [警備員 is the official\nname of a certain\nprofession](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AD%A6%E5%82%99%E5%93%A1) which\nis regulated by a law called 警備業法. They are usually employed by 警備会社 (security\nfirms) and sent to each facility, and are allowed to bear a small arm such as\na baton. On the other hand, 守衛 refer to security guards privately/directly\nemployed by a certain facility, and not regulated by 警備業法. That said, I think\nmany people are not aware of this legal difference.\n\n警備人 makes sense, but I would say it's very uncommon.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2015-06-29T08:01:42.163",
"id": "25422",
"last_activity_date": "2015-06-29T08:31:54.053",
"last_edit_date": "2015-06-29T08:31:54.053",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "25419",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
] | 25419 | 25422 | 25422 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.