patrickbdevaney/mia9 · Datasets at Hugging Face

text stringlengths 0 6.44k
Bufo marinus Cane toad
Cactoblastis cactorum Cactus moth
Canis familiaris Feral domestic dog
Ctenosaura similis Spiny tail iguana
Hemidactylus garnotti Indo-Pacific gecko
Hemidactylus mabouia Tropical gecko
Felis catus Feral domestic cat
Iguana iguana Green iguana
Mus musculus House mouse
Musca domestica House fly
Osteopilus serpentrionalis Cuban treefrog
Paratachardina lobata lobata Lobate lac scale
Psittacidae family Parrots and parakeets
Rattus rattus Black rat
Ramphotyphlops braminus Brahminy blind snake
Saissetia coffeae Hemispherical scale
Solenopsis invicta Red imported fire ant
Sturnus vulgaris European starling
Zachrysia provisoria Cuban tree snail
EEL Program, Management Plan, Part II – Pine Rockland (DRAFT) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 27
tree cavities, such as woodpeckers, also make pine rocklands more susceptible to damage
from these birds. Starlings not only compete with the native birds for tree cavities, but have
even been observed evicting woodpeckers from their nests to claim the cavity for their own
(Stevenson and Anderson 1994).
• Parrots and parakeets – Over twenty species of parrots and parakeets have been observed
nesting in the wild in South Florida (FWC 2007). Due to their flocking behavior and more
aggressive mannerisms, they out-compete native birds for both food and space, claiming
fruits, nuts and tree cavities for themselves (Taylor et al. 2004). In addition, they contribute
to the spread of exotic plants through seed dispersal (Snyder et al. 1990). While members of
this family occur in many South Florida habitats, the previously mentioned habits make them
particularly harmful in pine rocklands where there is a high concentration of native bird
species that depend upon tree cavities and where management of exotic plants is already
challenging due to complications related to burning.
• Lobate lac scale - The lobate lac scale, a scale insect that is native to India and Sri Lanka,
was found in Broward County in 1999, and has since become widespread in southern Florida.
The species belongs to the lac scale family, Kerriidae, the best-known species of which is the
true lac scale insect. The lobate lac scale has been found mostly on woody dicotyledonous
plants. It infests the woody portions of twigs and small branches and less frequently main
stems under one inch in diameter. It not usually found on branches or main stems greater
than approximately one inch in diameter. It has not been observed on foliage. Some woody
plant species appear to be highly susceptible, including certain natives, e.g., wax-myrtle,
cocoplum, buttonwood, strangler-fig, myrsine, bay species, and wild-coffee. Lobate lac scale
is more commonly known for its damage to hammock systems, but it is also a concern in
pine rocklands due to its preference for certain rare bushes, particularly Florida prairieclover
and crenulate leadplant.
3.11 Other Problem Species
Many native plant species can be considered problem species in pine rocklands. Some native
species become aggressive and can out-compete other native species when artificial habitat
changes occur, such as drainage, intense fires, or fire suppression. While these species are native,
control efforts should still be used when required to maintain desirable ecosystem structure and
composition. Problem species include cabbage palm, muscadine grape, southern sumac, lacy
bracken fern, and earleaf greenbrier.
In addition to the above species, all native hardwoods can be considered problem species in the
absence of fire. Common hardwoods include live oak, poisonwood, and myrsine.
Two native plant species that occur in pine rocklands commonly cause dermatitis in sensitive
people. These are poisonwood and poison-ivy. Both are common pine rockland species. Lower
densities of both can be achieved by proper management of pine rocklands. Densities of both,
especially poisonwood, can increase dramatically with fire suppression.
EEL Program, Management Plan, Part II – Pine Rockland (DRAFT) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 28
3.12 Pollutants
Although there are innumerable types of pollutants that could potentially affect EEL pine
rockland sites, the primary sources of concern are dumping, mosquito spraying, pesticides
(insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, miticides, nematicides), nutrients, sediments, animal wastes,
miscellaneous household and industrial chemical wastes, and wind-blown debris. Please refer to
Part I, Section 5.2.5 of this management plan for details about these potential threats.
3.13 Cultural Resources
The potential exists for the presence of Native American artifacts in pine rocklands because
small game hunting would likely have occurred in such wooded areas and close to rivers. The
pineland’s higher ground would help protect populations from hurricane-related storm surges.
There would not, however, likely be a higher probability of evidence of indigenous groups in
pine rocklands than in hammocks or coastal areas.
EEL Program, Management Plan, Part II – Pine Rockland (DRAFT) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 29
4.0 Management Issues
This section describes the most important issues that require attention for the successful
management of pine rockland sites. While drafting these guidelines the team paid attention to the
main goals outlined for pine rockland habitat by the Miami-Dade County Natural Areas
Management Plan (DERM 1995, USFWS 2000).
4.1 Acquisition Needs for Remaining Pine Rockland Fragments
There are few remaining pine rockland fragments in Miami-Dade County that are suitable for
acquisition. Every attempt should be made by the EEL program to acquire any of these
remaining pine rocklands before they are developed. However, prior to attempting acquisition
each site must individually be approved by the Board of County Commissioners for acquisition
and funding must be in place. Finally, the seller must be willing to sell the property.
The largest of these fragments occur in the Richmond Pine Rocklands surrounding Miami
Metrozoo. There are two preserved pine rockland areas here, Larry & Penny Thompson Park and
Martinez Pineland, both owned by the Parks and Recreation Department. Negotiations are
currently underway for the EEL program to begin management of pine rockland at Miami
Metrozoo. There are other areas of high-quality pine rockland, many with populations of
endangered species, that are suitable for EEL acquisition. These include properties owned by the
University of Miami, U.S. Coast Guard, and Department of Defense.
Other owners of significant pine rockland areas in Miami-Dade County include the Miami-Dade
County School Board, Retreat Construction Corp, Barbara Hampson-Keller, and several other
private owners. Some of these are probably unwilling sellers.
Some of the pine rockland fragments that are suitable for acquisition are listed in Table 5.
Table 5: Pine rockland fragments suitable for acquisition in Miami-Dade County.
Sites currently listed by the EEL program are marked with an asterisk (*)
Property Name

Bufo marinus Cane toad

Cactoblastis cactorum Cactus moth

Canis familiaris Feral domestic dog

Ctenosaura similis Spiny tail iguana

Hemidactylus garnotti Indo-Pacific gecko

Hemidactylus mabouia Tropical gecko

Felis catus Feral domestic cat

Iguana iguana Green iguana

Mus musculus House mouse

Musca domestica House fly

Osteopilus serpentrionalis Cuban treefrog

Paratachardina lobata lobata Lobate lac scale

Psittacidae family Parrots and parakeets

Rattus rattus Black rat

Ramphotyphlops braminus Brahminy blind snake

Saissetia coffeae Hemispherical scale

Solenopsis invicta Red imported fire ant

Sturnus vulgaris European starling

Zachrysia provisoria Cuban tree snail

EEL Program, Management Plan, Part II – Pine Rockland (DRAFT) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Page 27

tree cavities, such as woodpeckers, also make pine rocklands more susceptible to damage

from these birds. Starlings not only compete with the native birds for tree cavities, but have

even been observed evicting woodpeckers from their nests to claim the cavity for their own

(Stevenson and Anderson 1994).

• Parrots and parakeets – Over twenty species of parrots and parakeets have been observed

nesting in the wild in South Florida (FWC 2007). Due to their flocking behavior and more

aggressive mannerisms, they out-compete native birds for both food and space, claiming

fruits, nuts and tree cavities for themselves (Taylor et al. 2004). In addition, they contribute

to the spread of exotic plants through seed dispersal (Snyder et al. 1990). While members of

this family occur in many South Florida habitats, the previously mentioned habits make them

particularly harmful in pine rocklands where there is a high concentration of native bird

species that depend upon tree cavities and where management of exotic plants is already

challenging due to complications related to burning.

• Lobate lac scale - The lobate lac scale, a scale insect that is native to India and Sri Lanka,

was found in Broward County in 1999, and has since become widespread in southern Florida.

The species belongs to the lac scale family, Kerriidae, the best-known species of which is the

true lac scale insect. The lobate lac scale has been found mostly on woody dicotyledonous

plants. It infests the woody portions of twigs and small branches and less frequently main

stems under one inch in diameter. It not usually found on branches or main stems greater

than approximately one inch in diameter. It has not been observed on foliage. Some woody

plant species appear to be highly susceptible, including certain natives, e.g., wax-myrtle,

cocoplum, buttonwood, strangler-fig, myrsine, bay species, and wild-coffee. Lobate lac scale

is more commonly known for its damage to hammock systems, but it is also a concern in

pine rocklands due to its preference for certain rare bushes, particularly Florida prairieclover

and crenulate leadplant.

3.11 Other Problem Species

Many native plant species can be considered problem species in pine rocklands. Some native

species become aggressive and can out-compete other native species when artificial habitat

changes occur, such as drainage, intense fires, or fire suppression. While these species are native,

control efforts should still be used when required to maintain desirable ecosystem structure and

composition. Problem species include cabbage palm, muscadine grape, southern sumac, lacy

bracken fern, and earleaf greenbrier.

In addition to the above species, all native hardwoods can be considered problem species in the

absence of fire. Common hardwoods include live oak, poisonwood, and myrsine.

Two native plant species that occur in pine rocklands commonly cause dermatitis in sensitive

people. These are poisonwood and poison-ivy. Both are common pine rockland species. Lower

densities of both can be achieved by proper management of pine rocklands. Densities of both,

especially poisonwood, can increase dramatically with fire suppression.

EEL Program, Management Plan, Part II – Pine Rockland (DRAFT) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Page 28

3.12 Pollutants

Although there are innumerable types of pollutants that could potentially affect EEL pine

rockland sites, the primary sources of concern are dumping, mosquito spraying, pesticides

(insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, miticides, nematicides), nutrients, sediments, animal wastes,

miscellaneous household and industrial chemical wastes, and wind-blown debris. Please refer to

Part I, Section 5.2.5 of this management plan for details about these potential threats.

3.13 Cultural Resources

The potential exists for the presence of Native American artifacts in pine rocklands because

small game hunting would likely have occurred in such wooded areas and close to rivers. The

pineland’s higher ground would help protect populations from hurricane-related storm surges.

There would not, however, likely be a higher probability of evidence of indigenous groups in

pine rocklands than in hammocks or coastal areas.

EEL Program, Management Plan, Part II – Pine Rockland (DRAFT) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Page 29

4.0 Management Issues

This section describes the most important issues that require attention for the successful

management of pine rockland sites. While drafting these guidelines the team paid attention to the

main goals outlined for pine rockland habitat by the Miami-Dade County Natural Areas

Management Plan (DERM 1995, USFWS 2000).

4.1 Acquisition Needs for Remaining Pine Rockland Fragments

There are few remaining pine rockland fragments in Miami-Dade County that are suitable for

acquisition. Every attempt should be made by the EEL program to acquire any of these

remaining pine rocklands before they are developed. However, prior to attempting acquisition

each site must individually be approved by the Board of County Commissioners for acquisition

and funding must be in place. Finally, the seller must be willing to sell the property.

The largest of these fragments occur in the Richmond Pine Rocklands surrounding Miami

Metrozoo. There are two preserved pine rockland areas here, Larry & Penny Thompson Park and

Martinez Pineland, both owned by the Parks and Recreation Department. Negotiations are

currently underway for the EEL program to begin management of pine rockland at Miami

Metrozoo. There are other areas of high-quality pine rockland, many with populations of

endangered species, that are suitable for EEL acquisition. These include properties owned by the

University of Miami, U.S. Coast Guard, and Department of Defense.

Other owners of significant pine rockland areas in Miami-Dade County include the Miami-Dade

County School Board, Retreat Construction Corp, Barbara Hampson-Keller, and several other

private owners. Some of these are probably unwilling sellers.

Some of the pine rockland fragments that are suitable for acquisition are listed in Table 5.

Table 5: Pine rockland fragments suitable for acquisition in Miami-Dade County.

Sites currently listed by the EEL program are marked with an asterisk (*)

Property Name