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48 | Page |
Family Structure, Poverty, & the Economic Mobility of Families |
The Economic Mobility Project,33 an Initiative of The Pew Charitable |
Trusts, Foundation, found in its studies Pathways to Economic Mobility: |
Key Indicators (2008)34 and Getting Ahead or Losing Ground: Economic |
Mobility in America (2008)35 that “the economic position of many |
children is “… closely tied to the economic mobility of their parents |
and that African American children have much less upward mobility – |
and more downward mobility – than white children.” The report |
continues that “numerous studies have found that family structure |
matters” with “children growing in stable, married families less likely |
to drop out of schools, less likely to have children as teenagers, and less |
likely to be out of school but not working, all of which could lead to |
greater economic success.” Additionally, “studies have found that |
“children whose parents divorce have, on average, lower test scores |
and worse behavioral outcomes.” |
The ALICE in Focus: Children Florida Research Brief (April 2022), |
36 |
provides important data on the importance of family structure on the |
well-being of children from a financial standpoint. |
Children by Household Financial Status and Key Demographics |
(Florida 2019). Takeaways include: |
• Single-Female-Headed households with children are second only |
to Married, Different Sex Households and vastly outnumber |
Single-Male-Headed households with children (1,224,787 and |
378,862 respectively). |
• Of these households 78% or 955,334 of Single-Female Headed |
households are below the ALICE threshold (36% in Poverty and |
42% ALICE) compared to 63% or 239,000 of Single-Male-Headed |
households (18% in Poverty and 45% ALICE). |
• Unmarried couples have worse outcomes than married couples |
with 26% Poverty and 38% ALICE. |
• Married, Different Sex households represent approximately 61% |
of Florida’s families. They perform better than any other family |
structure with 54% above the ALICE threshold, 37% ALICE, and |
8% Poverty. |
• Two Adults, Two Workers households have the best outcomes |
with 4% Poverty, 32% ALICE, and 64% above the ALICE |
threshold. |
• One Adult, One Worker households have the worst outcome |
among workers with 31% Poverty, 46% ALICE, and 24% above |
the ALICE threshold. |
Impact of Fatherless Families |
In Miami-Dade County the number of single-parent households with |
children have increased from 35.8% in 2009 to 38.2% in 2020. In |
Broward County the number of single parent households have |
increased to 36.52% in 2020 from 34% in 2009, with Monroe County |
increasing from 29.3 in 2009 to 32.9% in 2020. The highest ALICE and |
poverty rates in Households with Children are found in Femaleheaded Single-Parent Households so an increase in these households is |
a negative trend for South Florida’s families and economy.37 |
There are numerous resources that discuss the deleterious impacts of |
growing up in families lacking a father. These effects do not simply |
impact a child individually in the present and in the future, but also |
have implications for economic development, economic mobility, |
poverty rates, and workforce development. Research has found that |
fathers play a unique role in producing positive outcomes for children. |
49 | Page |
According to the Florida House of Representatives Committee on |
Children, Families, and Seniors Subcommittee “Although mothers |
tend to be more nurturing and emotionally supportive than fathers, |
fathers tend to focus more on preparing children for their lives as |
adults. There is growing research on the link between father |
involvement and children’s well-being. Father involvement and |
positive interactions with their children are important for children’s |
health, self-esteem, social skills, and educational attainment. Multiple |
studies have found positive links between father involvement and a |
child’s graduation from high school, social-emotional adjustment, and |
mental health into adulthood.”38 |
The Minnesota Psychological Association summarizes “Given the large |
research base suggesting that children who grow up in homes without |
a father present adverse outcomes at rates significantly above those |
with fathers present, attention to this phenomenon is perhaps |
warranted by clinicians, researchers, and policymakers. It is important |
to point out that not all children who are raised in a father-absent home |
will experience adverse outcomes. This said, available evidence cannot |
be ignored.” |
Common Effects of Growing up without a Father include: |
More likely to experience poverty and homelessness |
More likely to suffer from drug and alcohol abuse |
More likely to have mental issues low self-esteem, |
anxiety, and depression |
More likely to do poorly in schools |
More likely to be incarcerated and die by suicide |
More likely to be engaged in sexual activity |
Higher risk of teen pregnancy |
More likely to have issues with perceived abandonment |
More likely to have attachment issues |
More likely to have been victims of child abuse |
More likely to be involved in gangs |
Sources: Source: Fatherless Boys Foundation |
https://fatherlessboysfoundation.org/; fathers.com; |
Minnesota Psychological Association: mnpsych.org |
Courtesy of the Pew Charitable Trusts; “Pathways to Economic Mobility: Key Indicators” |
50 | Page |
Recognizing the crucial role of a father in a family, Prosperity Broward, |
an initiative of the Greater Fort Lauderdale Alliance Foundation and |
Six Pillars Broward, is launching a ground-breaking pilot project in |
Lauderdale Lakes to increase economic mobility through policy and |
system changes. The pilot project consists of a co-research process with |
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