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The defending colonies' nests and brood are safe though.
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The attackers' attempt to steal new, valuable territory has failed.
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For today, they'll try again soon.
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But the kingdom will be ready.
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For the high ants of the floating kingdoms, war is nothing special, it's just a fact of life.
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Because as we know, empires never ever have enough.
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And the weaver ants are ready to fight.
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If you're the same as us and love to learn things while watching fun videos, this is for you.
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You can watch thousands of documentaries and non-fiction TV shows on all streaming devices for only $2.99 per month.
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And there's a special treat for Kurzgesagt viewers.
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By clicking the link in the inbox and using the code KURZGESAGT, you get 25% off your annual plan.
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That means it's just $14.99 for the entire year.
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Stay antsy for part 4.
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And visit curiositystream.com/kurzgesagt to claim your discount.
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Thank you for watching.
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Some groups just don't get along.
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Every day, billions of soldiers fight a merciless war on thousands of fronts, and it's been going on for over 100 million years.
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Ants are ancient beings that arose around 160 million years ago
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Today, they count more than 16,000 different species, with over 10,000 trillion individuals.
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Collectively, ants alone make up 20% of the entire animal biomass on land.
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Similar to humans, their recipe for success is collaboration.
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While a single ant is pretty useless, together they are able to achieve stunning feats.
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They construct complex colonies, care for livestock, pursue agriculture, or have complex symbiotic relationships.
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And, of course, ants wage war.
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Even among the same species, a constant state of conflict is pretty common.
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Skirmishes, raids, and full-on invasions are happening every day, causing millions of casualties.
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Let's look at some of the most interesting ones in a series of videos.
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The army ant group consists of about 200 different species.
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Army ants do not build nests.
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They live a sort of nomadic lifestyle with groups of millions of individuals.
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On a hunt, some species form large columns up to 100 meters long, killing and immediately dismembering every insect or small vertebrate they encounter.
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The biggest hunting parties can kill up to 500,000 animals per day.
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Some army ants specialize in hunting and consuming other social insects, like termites, wasps, and especially other ants.
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Wasps are fierce and may seem invulnerable, but if a swarm makes its way to their colonies, they don't even stand a chance.
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The much bigger and stronger wasps might kill a few of them, but they are quickly overwhelmed.
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Even if their queen survives an attack, the army ants steal the colony's larvae and quickly devour them.
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There is no recovery from that.
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When army ants discover another ant colony, they immediately attack.
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Now, you might think this would be a more even battle, but it's not.
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Because army ants act as a social unit, they are especially dangerous and effective.
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Most army ants are not particularly impressive individually, but they can overwhelm their victims with sheer numbers before the victim colony can mount an effective defense.
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And so invasions tend to be won by the attackers, and the prey colony is damaged significantly or is exterminated.
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Interestingly, army ants don't fight army ants.
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Army ants that fought other army ants probably eradicated themselves millions of years ago.
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Indeed, they're so deadly that other ant species had to specialize to survive their presence.
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Many species just panic and evacuate their nest when they notice army ant scouts carrying as many larvae with them as they can in order to return and rebuild after the attack.
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Other species have invented living bunkers since fighting is so futile.
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They have worker classes that have big square heads.
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When army ants show up, they use them to block the entrances to their nests, so the attackers have to give up after a while.
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But not everybody is afraid of army ants.
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Leafcutter ants form some of the largest and most complex societies of any animal other than humans.
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They live in extensive nests many meters deep and across, harboring millions of citizens with a highly sophisticated division of labor.
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Their sole purpose might be to defend their colonies against army ants.
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They still have a nemesis, though.
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The diet of the army ant species Nomomyrmex azimbecii consists mostly of the larvae of other ants.
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Compared to other army ants, they have a more robust soldier caste.
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So far, they are the only known species that can successfully attack a mature colony of leafcutters.
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When they find a leafcutter colony, hundreds of thousands attack in a long column.
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The moment the leafcutter ants notice the army ant attack, they go into crisis mode and immediately alert their soldiers, who very quickly swarm to the site of attack.
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The leafcutter soldiers go head to head with the army ants, lock in on them and try to cut through their heads.
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Smaller leafcutter workers help by grabbing the enemies.
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Small teams carry out attacks behind the front line, where they dismember their enemies by ripping their legs from their bodies.
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The attackers, meanwhile, try to swarm their victim soldiers and sting them to death in a mob.
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Despite the powerful defense and the determined response, the army ants are still superior in numbers.
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So, without knowing if the battle can be won, the leafcutters prepare for the worst.
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Workers rush to create barricades and seal off as many entrances to their nest as possible to secure their brood.
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If the leafcutters are not able to repel the invaders or at least barricade enough of their entrances in time, the army ants swarm the nest, overrunning all opposition.
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They penetrate deep into the hidden chambers and steal tens of thousands of the leafcutters' brood to eat them.
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Even if the leafcutter colony survives, this is a heavy blow.
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When the army ants attack, death follows them.
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But there are other species that form much more dangerous ant armies.
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They deserve their own video, though.
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, war is a part of ant existence, be it between huge colonies or small groups trying to fend off a raid.
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In tropical rainforests, but also in the cracks of the concrete we walk over every day.
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Humans have decided that war is not a thing that they want to do a lot anymore.
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For ants, though, the other ant will always be the enemy.
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No, some groups just don't get along.
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If you can't get enough of ants, we're developing part two of the ant series right now with the support of CuriosityStream.
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CuriosityStream is a subscription streaming service with thousands of documentaries and non-fiction titles.
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Kurzgesagt viewers can visit curiositystream.com/kurzgesagt to get a free 31-day trial to watch films like Big World in a Small Garden,
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Once your trial is over, the subscription is only $2.99 per month.
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CuriosityStream was founded by the same people who started the Discovery Channel with documentaries spanning science, nature, history, technology, and lifestyle.
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It's a great way to binge watch fun videos while accidentally learning things.
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Thank you so much to our friends at CuriosityStream for supporting our ant's obsession and making ambitious projects like this possible.
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Stay tuned for part two and visit curiositystream.com/kurzgesagt for your free trial.
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Hidden in the microverse all around you, there's a merciless war being fought by the true rulers of this planet, microorganisms.
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Amoebae, protists, bacteria, archaea and fungi compete for resources and space.
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And then there are the strange horrors that are viruses, hunting everyone else.
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Not even alive, they are the tiniest, most abundant and deadliest beings on Earth, killing trillions every day.
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Or so we thought.
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Considerably smaller than your cells or even bacteria, viruses are nothing but a hull, a tiny bit of genetic material and a few proteins.
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They float around aimlessly and hope to stumble upon a victim to infect and take over.
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Viruses are so simple that we're not sure if they should count as living things or not.
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Some scientists argue viruses are alive.
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Others think that the cells they infect are the actual living viruses, hybrid organisms called virocells.
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And the viral particles are more like seeds or spores.
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And many others think viruses are just dead material.
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The origin of viruses is a mystery because how can something that needs victims to make more of itself emerge in the first place?
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There are many ideas.
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Viruses may have been essential steps in the emergence of life, or maybe they started out as escaped DNA from cells that became really good at making copies of themselves.
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