polygraf-ai/ACL-abstracts · Datasets at Hugging Face

inproceedings

virk-etal-2016-supervised

A Supervised Approach for Enriching the Relational Structure of Frame Semantics in {F}rame{N}et

Matsumoto, Yuji and Prasad, Rashmi

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-1334/

Virk, Shafqat Mumtaz and Muller, Philippe and Conrath, Juliette

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Technical Papers

3542--3552

Frame semantics is a theory of linguistic meanings, and is considered to be a useful framework for shallow semantic analysis of natural language. FrameNet, which is based on frame semantics, is a popular lexical semantic resource. In addition to providing a set of core semantic frames and their frame elements, FrameNet also provides relations between those frames (hence providing a network of frames i.e. FrameNet). We address here the limited coverage of the network of conceptual relations between frames in FrameNet, which has previously been pointed out by others. We present a supervised model using rich features from three different sources: structural features from the existing FrameNet network, information from the WordNet relations between synsets projected into semantic frames, and corpus-collected lexical associations. We show large improvements over baselines consisting of each of the three groups of features in isolation. We then use this model to select frame pairs as candidate relations, and perform evaluation on a sample with good precision.

null

61,752

inproceedings

dang-etal-2016-reddit

{R}eddit Temporal N-gram Corpus and its Applications on Paraphrase and Semantic Similarity in Social Media using a Topic-based Latent Semantic Analysis

Matsumoto, Yuji and Prasad, Rashmi

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-1335/

Dang, Anh and Moh{'}d, Abidalrahman and Islam, Aminul and Minghim, Rosane and Smit, Michael and Milios, Evangelos

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Technical Papers

3553--3564

This paper introduces a new large-scale n-gram corpus that is created specifically from social media text. Two distinguishing characteristics of this corpus are its monthly temporal attribute and that it is created from 1.65 billion comments of user-generated text in Reddit. The usefulness of this corpus is exemplified and evaluated by a novel Topic-based Latent Semantic Analysis (TLSA) algorithm. The experimental results show that unsupervised TLSA outperforms all the state-of-the-art unsupervised and semi-supervised methods in SEMEVAL 2015: paraphrase and semantic similarity in Twitter tasks.

null

61,753

inproceedings

garrido-gutierrez-2016-dictionaries

Dictionaries as Networks: Identifying the graph structure of Ogden`s Basic {E}nglish

Matsumoto, Yuji and Prasad, Rashmi

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-1336/

Garrido, Camilo and Gutierrez, Claudio

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Technical Papers

3565--3576

We study the network structure underlying dictionaries. We systematize the properties of such networks and show their relevance for linguistics. As case of study, we apply this technique to identify the graph structure of Ogden`s Basic English. We show that it constitutes a strong core of the English language network and that classic centrality measures fail to capture this set of words.

null

61,754

inproceedings

komninos-manandhar-2016-structured

Structured Generative Models of Continuous Features for Word Sense Induction

Matsumoto, Yuji and Prasad, Rashmi

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-1337/

Komninos, Alexandros and Manandhar, Suresh

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Technical Papers

3577--3587

We propose a structured generative latent variable model that integrates information from multiple contextual representations for Word Sense Induction. Our approach jointly models global lexical, local lexical and dependency syntactic context. Each context type is associated with a latent variable and the three types of variables share a hierarchical structure. We use skip-gram based word and dependency context embeddings to construct all three types of representations, reducing the total number of parameters to be estimated and enabling better generalization. We describe an EM algorithm to efficiently estimate model parameters and use the Integrated Complete Likelihood criterion to automatically estimate the number of senses. Our model achieves state-of-the-art results on the SemEval-2010 and SemEval-2013 Word Sense Induction datasets.

null

61,755

inproceedings

hoque-etal-2016-interactive

An Interactive System for Exploring Community Question Answering Forums

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2001/

Hoque, Enamul and Joty, Shafiq and M{\`a}rquez, Llu{\'i}s and Barr{\'o}n-Cede{\~n}o, Alberto and Da San Martino, Giovanni and Moschitti, Alessandro and Nakov, Preslav and Romeo, Salvatore and Carenini, Giuseppe

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

1--5

We present an interactive system to provide effective and efficient search capabilities in Community Question Answering (cQA) forums. The system integrates state-of-the-art technology for answer search with a Web-based user interface specifically tailored to support the cQA forum readers. The answer search module automatically finds relevant answers for a new question by exploring related questions and the comments within their threads. The graphical user interface presents the search results and supports the exploration of related information. The system is running live at \url{http://www.qatarliving.com/betasearch/}.

null

61,757

inproceedings

lawrence-riezler-2016-nlmaps

{NL}maps: A Natural Language Interface to Query {O}pen{S}treet{M}ap

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2002/

Lawrence, Carolin and Riezler, Stefan

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

6--10

We present a Natural Language Interface (nlmaps.cl.uni-heidelberg.de) to query OpenStreetMap. Natural language questions about geographical facts are parsed into database queries that can be executed against the OpenStreetMap (OSM) database. After parsing the question, the system provides a text based answer as well as an interactive map with all points of interest and their relevant information marked. Additionally, we provide several options for users to give feedback after a question has been parsed.

null

61,758

inproceedings

lee-etal-2016-reading

A Reading Environment for Learners of {C}hinese as a Foreign Language

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2003/

Lee, John and Lam, Chun Yin and Jiang, Shu

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

11--15

We present a mobile app that provides a reading environment for learners of Chinese as a foreign language. The app includes a text database that offers over 500K articles from Chinese Wikipedia. These articles have been word-segmented; each word is linked to its entry in a Chinese-English dictionary, and to automatically-generated review exercises. The app estimates the reading proficiency of the user based on a {\textquotedblleft}to-learn{\textquotedblright} list of vocabulary items. It automatically constructs and maintains this list by tracking the user`s dictionary lookup behavior and performance in review exercises. When a user searches for articles to read, search results are filtered such that the proportion of unknown words does not exceed a user-specified threshold.

null

61,759

inproceedings

simianer-etal-2016-post

A Post-editing Interface for Immediate Adaptation in Statistical Machine Translation

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2004/

Simianer, Patrick and Karimova, Sariya and Riezler, Stefan

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

16--20

Adaptive machine translation (MT) systems are a promising approach for improving the effectiveness of computer-aided translation (CAT) environments. There is, however, virtually only theoretical work that examines how such a system could be implemented. We present an open source post-editing interface for adaptive statistical MT, which has in-depth monitoring capabilities and excellent expandability, and can facilitate practical studies. To this end, we designed text-based and graphical post-editing interfaces. The graphical interface offers means for displaying and editing a rich view of the MT output. Our translation systems may learn from post-edits using several weight, language model and novel translation model adaptation techniques, in part by exploiting the output of the graphical interface. In a user study we show that using the proposed interface and adaptation methods, reductions in technical effort and time can be achieved.

null

61,760

inproceedings

wible-tsao-2016-word

Word {M}idas Powered by {S}tring{N}et: Discovering Lexicogrammatical Constructions in Situ

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2005/

Wible, David and Tsao, Nai-Lung

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

21--24

Adult second language learners face the daunting but underappreciated task of mastering patterns of language use that are neither products of fully productive grammar rules nor frozen items to be memorized. Word Midas, a web browser extention, targets this uncharted territory of lexicogrammar by detecting multiword tokens of lexicogrammatical patterning in real time in situ within the noisy digital texts from the user`s unscripted web browsing or other digital venues. The language model powering Word Midas is StringNet, a densely cross-indexed navigable network of one billion lexicogrammatical patterns of English. These resources are described and their functionality is illustrated with a detailed scenario.

null

61,761

inproceedings

asahara-etal-2016-bonten

{\textquoteleft}{B}on{T}en' {--} Corpus Concordance System for {\textquoteleft}{NINJAL} Web {J}apanese Corpus'

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2006/

Asahara, Masayuki and Kawahara, Kazuya and Takei, Yuya and Masuoka, Hideto and Ohba, Yasuko and Torii, Yuki and Morii, Toru and Tanaka, Yuki and Maekawa, Kikuo and Kato, Sachi and Konishi, Hikari

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

25--29

The National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics, Japan (NINJAL) has undertaken a corpus compilation project to construct a web corpus for linguistic research comprising ten billion words. The project is divided into four parts: page collection, linguistic analysis, development of the corpus concordance system, and preservation. This article presents the corpus concordance system named {\textquoteleft}BonTen' which enables the ten-billion-scaled corpus to be queried by string, a sequence of morphological information or a subtree of the syntactic dependency structure.

null

61,762

inproceedings

wang-etal-2016-prototype

A Prototype Automatic Simultaneous Interpretation System

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2007/

Wang, Xiaolin and Finch, Andrew and Utiyama, Masao and Sumita, Eiichiro

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

30--34

Simultaneous interpretation allows people to communicate spontaneously across language boundaries, but such services are prohibitively expensive for the general public. This paper presents a fully automatic simultaneous interpretation system to address this problem. Though the development is still at an early stage, the system is capable of keeping up with the fastest of the TED speakers while at the same time delivering high-quality translations. We believe that the system will become an effective tool for facilitating cross-lingual communication in the future.

null

61,763

inproceedings

miyata-etal-2016-mutual

{M}u{TUAL}: A Controlled Authoring Support System Enabling Contextual Machine Translation

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2008/

Miyata, Rei and Hartley, Anthony and Kageura, Kyo and Paris, C{\'e}cile and Utiyama, Masao and Sumita, Eiichiro

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

35--39

The paper introduces a web-based authoring support system, MuTUAL, which aims to help writers create multilingual texts. The highlighted feature of the system is that it enables machine translation (MT) to generate outputs appropriate to their functional context within the target document. Our system is operational online, implementing core mechanisms for document structuring and controlled writing. These include a topic template and a controlled language authoring assistant, linked to our statistical MT system.

null

61,764

inproceedings

fucikova-etal-2016-joint

Joint search in a bilingual valency lexicon and an annotated corpus

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2009/

Fu{\v{c}}{\'i}kov{\'a}, Eva and Haji{\v{c}}, Jan and Ure{\v{s}}ov{\'a}, Zde{\v{n}}ka

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

40--44

In this paper and the associated system demo, we present an advanced search system that allows to perform a joint search over a (bilingual) valency lexicon and a correspondingly annotated linked parallel corpus. This search tool has been developed on the basis of the Prague Czech-English Dependency Treebank, but its ideas are applicable in principle to any bilingual parallel corpus that is annotated for dependencies and valency (i.e., predicate-argument structure), and where verbs are linked to appropriate entries in an associated valency lexicon. Our online search tool consolidates more search interfaces into one, providing expanded structured search capability and a more efficient advanced way to search, allowing users to search for verb pairs, verbal argument pairs, their surface realization as recorded in the lexicon, or for their surface form actually appearing in the linked parallel corpus. The search system is currently under development, and is replacing our current search tool available at \url{http://lindat.mff.cuni.cz/services/CzEngVallex}, which could search the lexicon but the queries cannot take advantage of the underlying corpus nor use the additional surface form information from the lexicon(s). The system is available as open source.

null

61,765

inproceedings

asahara-etal-2016-demonstration

Demonstration of {C}ha{K}i.{NET} {--} beyond the corpus search system

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2011/

Asahara, Masayuki and Matsumoto, Yuji and Morita, Toshio

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

49--53

ChaKi.NET is a corpus management system for dependency structure annotated corpora. After more than 10 years of continuous development, the system is now usable not only for corpus search, but also for visualization, annotation, labelling, and formatting for statistical analysis. This paper describes the various functions included in the current ChaKi.NET system.

null

61,767

inproceedings

krishnaswamy-pustejovsky-2016-voxsim

{V}ox{S}im: A Visual Platform for Modeling Motion Language

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2012/

Krishnaswamy, Nikhil and Pustejovsky, James

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

54--58

Much existing work in text-to-scene generation focuses on generating static scenes. By introducing a focus on motion verbs, we integrate dynamic semantics into a rich formal model of events to generate animations in real time that correlate with human conceptions of the event described. This paper presents a working system that generates these animated scenes over a test set, discussing challenges encountered and describing the solutions implemented.

null

61,768

inproceedings

hemati-etal-2016-textimager

{T}ext{I}mager: a Distributed {UIMA}-based System for {NLP}

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2013/

Hemati, Wahed and Uslu, Tolga and Mehler, Alexander

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

59--63

More and more disciplines require NLP tools for performing automatic text analyses on various levels of linguistic resolution. However, the usage of established NLP frameworks is often hampered for several reasons: in most cases, they require basic to sophisticated programming skills, interfere with interoperability due to using non-standard I/O-formats and often lack tools for visualizing computational results. This makes it difficult especially for humanities scholars to use such frameworks. In order to cope with these challenges, we present TextImager, a UIMA-based framework that offers a range of NLP and visualization tools by means of a user-friendly GUI. Using TextImager requires no programming skills.

null

61,769

inproceedings

vo-etal-2016-disco

{DISCO}: A System Leveraging Semantic Search in Document Review

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2014/

Vo, Ngoc Phuoc An and Guillot, Fabien and Privault, Caroline

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

64--68

This paper presents Disco, a prototype for supporting knowledge workers in exploring, reviewing and sorting collections of textual data. The goal is to facilitate, accelerate and improve the discovery of information. To this end, it combines Semantic Relatedness techniques with a review workflow developed in a tangible environment. Disco uses a semantic model that is leveraged on-line in the course of search sessions, and accessed through natural hand-gesture, in a simple and intuitive way.

null

61,770

inproceedings

boudin-2016-pke

pke: an open source python-based keyphrase extraction toolkit

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2015/

Boudin, Florian

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

69--73

We describe pke, an open source python-based keyphrase extraction toolkit. It provides an end-to-end keyphrase extraction pipeline in which each component can be easily modified or extented to develop new approaches. pke also allows for easy benchmarking of state-of-the-art keyphrase extraction approaches, and ships with supervised models trained on the SemEval-2010 dataset.

null

61,771

inproceedings

klang-nugues-2016-langforia

{L}angforia: Language Pipelines for Annotating Large Collections of Documents

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2016/

Klang, Marcus and Nugues, Pierre

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

74--78

In this paper, we describe \textbf{Langforia}, a multilingual processing pipeline to annotate texts with multiple layers: formatting, parts of speech, named entities, dependencies, semantic roles, and entity links. Langforia works as a web service, where the server hosts the language processing components and the client, the input and result visualization. To annotate a text or a Wikipedia page, the user chooses an NLP pipeline and enters the text in the interface or selects the page URL. Once processed, the results are returned to the client, where the user can select the annotation layers s/he wants to visualize. We designed Langforia with a specific focus for Wikipedia, although it can process any type of text. Wikipedia has become an essential encyclopedic corpus used in many NLP projects. However, processing articles and visualizing the annotations are nontrivial tasks that require dealing with multiple markup variants, encodings issues, and tool incompatibilities across the language versions. This motivated the development of a new architecture. A demonstration of Langforia is available for six languages: English, French, German, Spanish, Russian, and Swedish at \url{http://vilde.cs.lth.se:9000/} as well as a web API: \url{http://vilde.cs.lth.se:9000/api}. Langforia is also provided as a standalone library and is compatible with cluster computing.

null

61,772

inproceedings

paetzold-specia-2016-anita

{A}nita: An Intelligent Text Adaptation Tool

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2017/

Paetzold, Gustavo and Specia, Lucia

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

79--83

We introduce Anita: a flexible and intelligent Text Adaptation tool for web content that provides Text Simplification and Text Enhancement modules. Anita`s simplification module features a state-of-the-art system that adapts texts according to the needs of individual users, and its enhancement module allows the user to search for a word`s definitions, synonyms, translations, and visual cues through related images. These utilities are brought together in an easy-to-use interface of a freely available web browser extension.

null

61,773

inproceedings

jatowt-bron-2016-historycomparator

{H}istory{C}omparator: Interactive Across-Time Comparison in Document Archives

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2018/

Jatowt, Adam and Bron, Marc

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

84--88

Recent years have witnessed significant increase in the number of large scale digital collections of archival documents such as news articles, books, etc. Typically, users access these collections through searching or browsing. In this paper we investigate another way of accessing temporal collections - across-time comparison, i.e., comparing query-relevant information at different periods in the past. We propose an interactive framework called HistoryComparator for contrastively analyzing concepts in archival document collections at different time periods.

null

61,774

inproceedings

wehrli-etal-2016-line

On-line Multilingual Linguistic Services

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2019/

Wehrli, Eric and Scherrer, Yves and Nerima, Luka

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

89--92

In this demo, we present our free on-line multilingual linguistic services which allow to analyze sentences or to extract collocations from a corpus directly on-line, or by uploading a corpus. They are available for 8 European languages (English, French, German, Greek, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian, Spanish) and can also be accessed as web services by programs. While several open systems are available for POS-tagging and dependency parsing or terminology extraction, their integration into an application requires some computational competence. Furthermore, none of the parsers/taggers handles MWEs very satisfactorily, in particular when the two terms of the collocation are distant from each other or in reverse order. Our tools, on the other hand, are specifically designed for users with no particular computational literacy. They do not require from the user any download, installation or adaptation if used on-line, and their integration in an application, using one the scripts described below is quite easy. Furthermore, by default, the parser handles collocations and other MWEs, as well as anaphora resolution (limited to 3rd person personal pronouns). When used in the tagger mode, it can be set to display grammatical functions and collocations.

null

61,775

inproceedings

lee-etal-2016-customizable

A Customizable Editor for Text Simplification

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2020/

Lee, John and Zhao, Wenlong and Xie, Wenxiu

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

93--97

We present a browser-based editor for simplifying English text. Given an input sentence, the editor performs both syntactic and lexical simplification. It splits a complex sentence into shorter ones, and suggests word substitutions in drop-down lists. The user can choose the best substitution from the list, undo any inappropriate splitting, and further edit the sentence as necessary. A significant novelty is that the system accepts a customized vocabulary list for a target reader population. It identifies all words in the text that do not belong to the list, and attempts to substitute them with words from the list, thus producing a text tailored for the targeted readers.

null

61,776

inproceedings

pal-etal-2016-catalog

{CAT}a{L}og Online: A Web-based {CAT} Tool for Distributed Translation with Data Capture for {APE} and Translation Process Research

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2021/

Pal, Santanu and Naskar, Sudip Kumar and Zampieri, Marcos and Nayak, Tapas and van Genabith, Josef

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

98--102

We present a free web-based CAT tool called CATaLog Online which provides a novel and user-friendly online CAT environment for post-editors/translators. The goal is to support distributed translation, reduce post-editing time and effort, improve the post-editing experience and capture data for incremental MT/APE (automatic post-editing) and translation process research. The tool supports individual as well as batch mode file translation and provides translations from three engines {--} translation memory (TM), MT and APE. TM suggestions are color coded to accelerate the post-editing task. The users can integrate their personal TM/MT outputs. The tool remotely monitors and records post-editing activities generating an extensive range of post-editing logs.

null

61,777

inproceedings

schneider-etal-2016-interactive

Interactive Relation Extraction in Main Memory Database Systems

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2022/

Schneider, Rudolf and Guder, Cordula and Kilias, Torsten and L{\"oser, Alexander and Graupmann, Jens and Kozachuk, Oleksandr

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

103--106

We present INDREX-MM, a main memory database system for interactively executing two interwoven tasks, declarative relation extraction from text and their exploitation with SQL. INDREX-MM simplifies these tasks for the user with powerful SQL extensions for gathering statistical semantics, for executing open information extraction and for integrating relation candidates with domain specific data. We demonstrate these functions on 800k documents from Reuters RCV1 with more than a billion linguistic annotations and report execution times in the order of seconds.

null

61,778

inproceedings

merlo-pasin-2016-open

An Open Source Library for Semantic-Based Datetime Resolution

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2023/

Merlo, Aur{\'e}lie and Pasin, Denis

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

107--110

In this paper, we introduce an original Python implementation of datetime resolution in french, which we make available as open-source library. Our approach is based on Frame Semantics and Corpus Pattern Analysis in order to provide a precise semantic interpretation of datetime expressions. This interpretation facilitates the contextual resolution of datetime expressions in timestamp format.

null

61,779

inproceedings

arnold-etal-2016-tasty

{TASTY}: Interactive Entity Linking As-You-Type

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2024/

Arnold, Sebastian and Dziuba, Robert and L{\"oser, Alexander

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

111--115

We introduce TASTY (Tag-as-you-type), a novel text editor for interactive entity linking as part of the writing process. Tasty supports the author of a text with complementary information about the mentioned entities shown in a {\textquoteleft}live' exploration view. The system is automatically triggered by keystrokes, recognizes mention boundaries and disambiguates the mentioned entities to Wikipedia articles. The author can use seven operators to interact with the editor and refine the results according to his specific intention while writing. Our implementation captures syntactic and semantic context using a robust end-to-end LSTM sequence learner and word embeddings. We demonstrate the applicability of our system in English and German language for encyclopedic or medical text. Tasty is currently being tested in interactive applications for text production, such as scientific research, news editorial, medical anamnesis, help desks and product reviews.

null

61,780

inproceedings

wilcock-etal-2016-topic

What topic do you want to hear about? A bilingual talking robot using {E}nglish and {J}apanese {W}ikipedias

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2025/

Wilcock, Graham and Jokinen, Kristiina and Yamamoto, Seiichi

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

116--120

We demonstrate a bilingual robot application, WikiTalk, that can talk fluently in both English and Japanese about almost any topic using information from English and Japanese Wikipedias. The English version of the system has been demonstrated previously, but we now present a live demo with a Nao robot that speaks English and Japanese and switches language on request. The robot supports the verbal interaction with face-tracking, nodding and communicative gesturing. One of the key features of the WikiTalk system is that the robot can switch from the current topic to related topics during the interaction in order to navigate around Wikipedia following the user`s individual interests.

null

61,781

inproceedings

lee-etal-2016-annotating

Annotating Discourse Relations with the {PDTB} Annotator

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2026/

Lee, Alan and Prasad, Rashmi and Webber, Bonnie and Joshi, Aravind K.

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

121--125

The PDTB Annotator is a tool for annotating and adjudicating discourse relations based on the annotation framework of the Penn Discourse TreeBank (PDTB). This demo describes the benefits of using the PDTB Annotator, gives an overview of the PDTB Framework and discusses the tool`s features, setup requirements and how it can also be used for adjudication.

null

61,782

inproceedings

kim-etal-2016-opinion

Opinion Retrieval Systems using Tweet-external Factors

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2027/

Kim, Yoon-Sung and Song, Young-In and Rim, Hae-Chang

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

126--130

Opinion mining is a natural language processing technique which extracts subjective information from natural language text. To estimate an opinion about a query in large data collection, an opinion retrieval system that retrieves subjective and relevant information about the query can be useful. We present an opinion retrieval system that retrieves subjective and query-relevant tweets from Twitter, which is a useful source of obtaining real-time opinions. Our system outperforms previous opinion retrieval systems, and it further provides subjective information about Twitter authors and hashtags to describe their subjective tendencies.

null

61,783

inproceedings

magnini-etal-2016-textpro

{T}ext{P}ro-{AL}: An Active Learning Platform for Flexible and Efficient Production of Training Data for {NLP} Tasks

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2028/

Magnini, Bernardo and Minard, Anne-Lyse and Qwaider, Mohammed R. H. and Speranza, Manuela

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

131--135

This paper presents TextPro-AL (Active Learning for Text Processing), a platform where human annotators can efficiently work to produce high quality training data for new domains and new languages exploiting Active Learning methodologies. TextPro-AL is a web-based application integrating four components: a machine learning based NLP pipeline, an annotation editor for task definition and text annotations, an incremental re-training procedure based on active learning selection from a large pool of unannotated data, and a graphical visualization of the learning status of the system.

null

61,784

inproceedings

abekawa-aizawa-2016-sidenoter

{S}ide{N}oter: Scholarly Paper Browsing System based on {PDF} Restructuring and Text Annotation

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2029/

Abekawa, Takeshi and Aizawa, Akiko

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

136--140

In this paper, we discuss our ongoing efforts to construct a scientific paper browsing system that helps users to read and understand advanced technical content distributed in PDF. Since PDF is a format specifically designed for printing, layout and logical structures of documents are indistinguishably embedded in the file. It requires much effort to extract natural language text from PDF files, and reversely, display semantic annotations produced by NLP tools on the original page layout. In our browsing system, we tackle these issues caused by the gap between printable document and plain text. Our system provides ways to extract natural language sentences from PDF files together with their logical structures, and also to map arbitrary textual spans to their corresponding regions on page images. We setup a demonstration system using papers published in ACL anthology and demonstrate the enhanced search and refined recommendation functions which we plan to make widely available to NLP researchers.

null

61,785

inproceedings

wang-etal-2016-sensing

{S}ensing Emotions in Text Messages: An Application and Deployment Study of {E}motion{P}ush

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2030/

Wang, Shih-Ming and Lee, Chun-Hui Scott and Lo, Yu-Chun and Huang, Ting-Hao and Ku, Lun-Wei

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

141--145

Instant messaging and push notifications play important roles in modern digital life. To enable robust sense-making and rich context awareness in computer mediated communications, we introduce EmotionPush, a system that automatically conveys the emotion of received text with a colored push notification on mobile devices. EmotionPush is powered by state-of-the-art emotion classifiers and is deployed for Facebook Messenger clients on Android. The study showed that the system is able to help users prioritize interactions.

null

61,786

inproceedings

tsai-roth-2016-illinois

{I}llinois Cross-Lingual Wikifier: Grounding Entities in Many Languages to the {E}nglish {W}ikipedia

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2031/

Tsai, Chen-Tse and Roth, Dan

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

146--150

We release a cross-lingual wikification system for all languages in Wikipedia. Given a piece of text in any supported language, the system identifies names of people, locations, organizations, and grounds these names to the corresponding English Wikipedia entries. The system is based on two components: a cross-lingual named entity recognition (NER) model and a cross-lingual mention grounding model. The cross-lingual NER model is a language-independent model which can extract named entity mentions in the text of any language in Wikipedia. The extracted mentions are then grounded to the English Wikipedia using the cross-lingual mention grounding model. The only resources required to train the proposed system are the multilingual Wikipedia dump and existing training data for English NER. The system is online at \url{http://cogcomp.cs.illinois.edu/page/demo_view/xl_wikifier}

null

61,787

inproceedings

liang-etal-2016-meaning

A Meaning-based {E}nglish Math Word Problem Solver with Understanding, Reasoning and Explanation

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2032/

Liang, Chao-Chun and Tsai, Shih-Hong and Chang, Ting-Yun and Lin, Yi-Chung and Su, Keh-Yih

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

151--155

This paper presents a meaning-based statistical math word problem (MWP) solver with understanding, reasoning and explanation. It comprises a web user interface and pipelined modules for analysing the text, transforming both body and question parts into their logic forms, and then performing inference on them. The associated context of each quantity is represented with proposed role-tags (e.g., nsubj, verb, etc.), which provides the flexibility for annotating the extracted math quantity with its associated syntactic and semantic information (which specifies the physical meaning of that quantity). Those role-tags are then used to identify the desired operands and filter out irrelevant quantities (so that the answer can be obtained precisely). Since the physical meaning of each quantity is explicitly represented with those role-tags and used in the inference process, the proposed approach could explain how the answer is obtained in a human comprehensible way.

null

61,788

inproceedings

kabbach-ribeyre-2016-valencer

{V}alencer: an {API} to Query Valence Patterns in {F}rame{N}et

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2033/

Kabbach, Alexandre and Ribeyre, Corentin

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

156--160

This paper introduces Valencer: a RESTful API to search for annotated sentences matching a given combination of syntactic realizations of the arguments of a predicate {--} also called {\textquoteleft}valence pattern' {--} in the FrameNet database. The API takes as input an HTTP GET request specifying a valence pattern and outputs a list of exemplifying annotated sentences in JSON format. The API is designed to be modular and language-independent, and can therefore be easily integrated to other (NLP) server-side or client-side applications, as well as non-English FrameNet projects. Valencer is free, open-source, and licensed under the MIT license.

null

61,789

inproceedings

kim-etal-2016-open

The Open Framework for Developing Knowledge Base And Question Answering System

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2034/

Kim, Jiseong and Choi, GyuHyeon and Kim, Jung-Uk and Kim, Eun-Kyung and Choi, Key-Sun

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

161--165

Developing a question answering (QA) system is a task of implementing and integrating modules of different technologies and evaluating an integrated whole system, which inevitably goes with a collaboration among experts of different domains. For supporting a easy collaboration, this demonstration presents the open framework that aims to support developing a QA system in collaborative and intuitive ways. The demonstration also shows the QA system developed by our novel framework.

null

61,790

inproceedings

chen-etal-2016-linggle

Linggle Knows: A Search Engine Tells How People Write

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2035/

Chen, Jhih-Jie and Peng, Hao-Chun and Yeh, Mei-Cih and Chen, Peng-Yu and Chang, Jason

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

166--169

This paper shows the great potential of incorporating different approaches to help writing. Not only did they solve different kinds of writing problems, but also they complement and reinforce each other to be a complete and effective solution. Despite the extensive and multifaceted feedback and suggestion, writing is not all about syntactically or lexically well-written. It involves contents, structure, the certain understanding of the background, and many other factors to compose a rich, organized and sophisticated text. (e.g., conventional structure and idioms in academic writing). There is still a long way to go to accomplish the ultimate goal. We envision the future of writing to be a joyful experience with the help of instantaneous suggestion and constructive feedback.

null

61,791

inproceedings

niklaus-etal-2016-sentence

A Sentence Simplification System for Improving Relation Extraction

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2036/

Niklaus, Christina and Bermeitinger, Bernhard and Handschuh, Siegfried and Freitas, Andr{\'e}

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

170--174

We present a text simplification approach that is directed at improving the performance of state-of-the-art Open Relation Extraction (RE) systems. As syntactically complex sentences often pose a challenge for current Open RE approaches, we have developed a simplification framework that performs a pre-processing step by taking a single sentence as input and using a set of syntactic-based transformation rules to create a textual input that is easier to process for subsequently applied Open RE systems.

null

61,792

inproceedings

kim-etal-2016-korean

{K}orean {F}rame{N}et Expansion Based on Projection of {J}apanese {F}rame{N}et

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2037/

Kim, Jeong-uk and Hahm, Younggyun and Choi, Key-Sun

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

175--179

FrameNet project has begun from Berkeley in 1997, and is now supported in several countries reflecting characteristics of each language. The work for generating Korean FrameNet was already done by converting annotated English sentences into Korean with trained translators. However, high cost of frame-preservation and error revision was a huge burden on further expansion of FrameNet. This study makes use of linguistic similarity between Japanese and Korean to increase Korean FrameNet corpus with low cost. We also suggest adapting PubAnnotation and Korean-friendly valence patterns to FrameNet for increased accessibility.

null

61,793

inproceedings

dasgupta-etal-2016-framework

A Framework for Mining Enterprise Risk and Risk Factors from News Documents

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2038/

Dasgupta, Tirthankar and Dey, Lipika and Dey, Prasenjit and Saha, Rupsa

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

180--184

Any real world events or trends that can affect the company`s growth trajectory can be considered as risk. There has been a growing need to automatically identify, extract and analyze risk related statements from news events. In this demonstration, we will present a risk analytics framework that processes enterprise project management reports in the form of textual data and news documents and classify them into valid and invalid risk categories. The framework also extracts information from the text pertaining to the different categories of risks like their possible cause and impacts. Accordingly, we have used machine learning based techniques and studied different linguistic features like n-gram, POS, dependency, future timing, uncertainty factors in texts and their various combinations. A manual annotation study from management experts using risk descriptions collected for a specific organization was conducted to evaluate the framework. The evaluation showed promising results for automated risk analysis and identification.

null

61,794

inproceedings

lee-etal-2016-papago

papago: A Machine Translation Service with Word Sense Disambiguation and Currency Conversion

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2039/

Lee, Hyoung-Gyu and Kim, Jun-Seok and Shin, Joong-Hwi and Lee, Jaesong and Quan, Ying-Xiu and Jeong, Young-Seob

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

185--188

In this paper, we introduce papago - a translator for mobile device which is equipped with new features that can provide convenience for users. The first feature is word sense disambiguation based on user feedback. By using the feature, users can select one among multiple meanings of a homograph and obtain the corrected translation with the user-selected sense. The second feature is the instant currency conversion of money expressions contained in a translation result with current exchange rate. Users can be quickly and precisely provided the amount of money converted as local currency when they travel abroad.

null

61,795

inproceedings

el-khatib-etal-2016-topotext

{T}opo{T}ext: Interactive Digital Mapping of Literary Text

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2040/

El Khatib, Randa and El Zini, Julia and Wrisley, David and Jaber, Mohamad and Elbassuoni, Shady

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

189--193

We demonstrate TopoText, an interactive tool for digital mapping of literary text. TopoText takes as input a literary piece of text such as a novel or a biography article and automatically extracts all place names in the text. The identified places are then geoparsed and displayed on an interactive map. TopoText calculates the number of times a place was mentioned in the text, which is then reflected on the map allowing the end-user to grasp the importance of the different places within the text. It also displays the most frequent words mentioned within a specified proximity of a place name in context or across the entire text. This can also be faceted according to part of speech tags. Finally, TopoText keeps the human in the loop by allowing the end-user to disambiguate places and to provide specific place annotations. All extracted information such as geolocations, place frequencies, as well as all user-provided annotations can be automatically exported as a CSV file that can be imported later by the same user or other users.

null

61,796

inproceedings

dong-etal-2016-ace

{ACE}: Automatic Colloquialism, Typographical and Orthographic Errors Detection for {C}hinese Language

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2041/

Dong, Shichao and Fung, Gabriel Pui Cheong and Li, Binyang and Peng, Baolin and Liao, Ming and Zhu, Jia and Wong, Kam-fai

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

194--197

We present a system called ACE for Automatic Colloquialism and Errors detection for written Chinese. ACE is based on the combination of N-gram model and rule-base model. Although it focuses on detecting colloquial Cantonese (a dialect of Chinese) at the current stage, it can be extended to detect other dialects. We chose Cantonese becauase it has many interesting properties, such as unique grammar system and huge colloquial terms, that turn the detection task extremely challenging. We conducted experiments using real data and synthetic data. The results indicated that ACE is highly reliable and effective.

null

61,797

inproceedings

galitsky-2016-tool

A Tool for Efficient Content Compilation

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2042/

Galitsky, Boris

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

198--202

We build a tool to assist in content creation by mining the web for information relevant to a given topic. This tool imitates the process of essay writing by humans: searching for topics on the web, selecting content frag-ments from the found document, and then compiling these fragments to obtain a coherent text. The process of writing starts with automated building of a table of content by obtaining the list of key entities for the given topic extracted from web resources such as Wikipedia. Once a table of content is formed, each item forms a seed for web mining. The tool builds a full-featured structured Word document with table of content, section structure, images and captions and web references for all mined text fragments. Two linguistic technologies are employed: for relevance verification, we use similarity computed as a tree similarity between parse trees for a seed and candidate text fragment. For text coherence, we use a measure of agreement between a given and consecutive paragraph by tree kernel learning of their discourse trees. The tool is available at \url{http://animatronica.io/submit.html}.

null

61,798

inproceedings

kim-choi-2016-mages

{MAGES}: A Multilingual Angle-integrated Grouping-based Entity Summarization System

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2043/

Kim, Eun-kyung and Choi, Key-Sun

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

203--207

This demo presents MAGES (multilingual angle-integrated grouping-based entity summarization), an entity summarization system for a large knowledge base such as DBpedia based on a entity-group-bound ranking in a single integrated entity space across multiple language-specific editions. MAGES offers a multilingual angle-integrated space model, which has the advantage of overcoming missing semantic tags (i.e., categories) caused by biases in different language communities, and can contribute to the creation of entity groups that are well-formed and more stable than the monolingual condition within it. MAGES can help people quickly identify the essential points of the entities when they search or browse a large volume of entity-centric data. Evaluation results on the same experimental data demonstrate that our system produces a better summary compared with other representative DBpedia entity summarization methods.

null

61,799

inproceedings

abu-ali-habash-2016-botta

{B}otta: An {A}rabic Dialect Chatbot

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2044/

Abu Ali, Dana and Habash, Nizar

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

208--212

This paper presents BOTTA, the first Arabic dialect chatbot. We explore the challenges of creating a conversational agent that aims to simulate friendly conversations using the Egyptian Arabic dialect. We present a number of solutions and describe the different components of the BOTTA chatbot. The BOTTA database files are publicly available for researchers working on Arabic chatbot technologies. The BOTTA chatbot is also publicly available for any users who want to chat with it online.

null

61,800

inproceedings

litvak-etal-2016-whats

What`s up on {T}witter? Catch up with {TWIST}!

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2045/

Litvak, Marina and Vanetik, Natalia and Levi, Efi and Roistacher, Michael

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

213--217

Event detection and analysis with respect to public opinions and sentiments in social media is a broad and well-addressed research topic. However, the characteristics and sheer volume of noisy Twitter messages make this a difficult task. This demonstration paper describes a TWItter event Summarizer and Trend detector (TWIST) system for event detection, visualization, textual description, and geo-sentiment analysis of real-life events reported in Twitter.

null

61,801

inproceedings

dominguez-etal-2016-praat

{P}raat on the Web: An Upgrade of {P}raat for Semi-Automatic Speech Annotation

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2046/

Dom{\'i}nguez, M{\'o}nica and Latorre, Iv{\'a}n and Farr{\'u}s, Mireia and Codina-Filb{\`a}, Joan and Wanner, Leo

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

218--222

This paper presents an implementation of the widely used speech analysis tool Praat as a web application with an extended functionality for feature annotation. In particular, Praat on the Web addresses some of the central limitations of the original Praat tool and provides (i) enhanced visualization of annotations in a dedicated window for feature annotation at interval and point segments, (ii) a dynamic scripting composition exemplified with a modular prosody tagger, and (iii) portability and an operational web interface. Speech annotation tools with such a functionality are key for exploring large corpora and designing modular pipelines.

null

61,802

inproceedings

khalifa-etal-2016-yamama

{YAMAMA}: Yet Another Multi-Dialect {A}rabic Morphological Analyzer

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2047/

Khalifa, Salam and Zalmout, Nasser and Habash, Nizar

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

223--227

In this paper, we present YAMAMA, a multi-dialect Arabic morphological analyzer and disambiguator. Our system is almost five times faster than the state-of-art MADAMIRA system with a slightly lower quality. In addition to speed, YAMAMA outputs a rich representation which allows for a wider spectrum of use. In this regard, YAMAMA transcends other systems, such as FARASA, which is faster but provides specific outputs catering to specific applications.

null

61,803

inproceedings

shahrour-etal-2016-camelparser

{C}amel{P}arser: A system for {A}rabic Syntactic Analysis and Morphological Disambiguation

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2048/

Shahrour, Anas and Khalifa, Salam and Taji, Dima and Habash, Nizar

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

228--232

In this paper, we present CamelParser, a state-of-the-art system for Arabic syntactic dependency analysis aligned with contextually disambiguated morphological features. CamelParser uses a state-of-the-art morphological disambiguator and improves its results using syntactically driven features. The system offers a number of output formats that include basic dependency with morphological features, two tree visualization modes, and traditional Arabic grammatical analysis.

null

61,804

inproceedings

milde-etal-2016-demonstrating

Demonstrating Ambient Search: Implicit Document Retrieval for Speech Streams

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2049/

Milde, Benjamin and Wacker, Jonas and Radomski, Stefan and M{\"uhlh{\"auser, Max and Biemann, Chris

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

233--237

In this demonstration paper we describe Ambient Search, a system that displays and retrieves documents in real time based on speech input. The system operates continuously in ambient mode, i.e. it generates speech transcriptions and identifies main keywords and keyphrases, while also querying its index to display relevant documents without explicit query. Without user intervention, the results are dynamically updated; users can choose to interact with the system at any time, employing a conversation protocol that is enriched with the ambient information gathered continuously. Our evaluation shows that Ambient Search outperforms another implicit speech-based information retrieval system. Ambient search is available as open source software.

null

61,805

inproceedings

mediankin-2016-confarm

{C}on{F}arm: Extracting Surface Representations of Verb and Noun Constructions from Dependency Annotated Corpora of {R}ussian

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2050/

Mediankin, Nikita

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

238--242

ConFarm is a web service dedicated to extraction of surface representations of verb and noun constructions from dependency annotated corpora of Russian texts. Currently, the extraction of constructions with a specific lemma from SynTagRus and Russian National Corpus is available. The system provides flexible interface that allows users to fine-tune the output. Extracted constructions are grouped by their contents to allow for compact representation, and the groups are visualised as a graph in order to help navigating the extraction results. ConFarm differs from similar existing tools for Russian language in that it offers full constructions, as opposed to extracting separate dependents of search word or working with collocations, and allows users to discover unexpected constructions as opposed to searching for examples of a user-defined construction.

null

61,806

inproceedings

fang-etal-2016-towards

Towards Non-projective High-Order Dependency Parser

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2052/

Fang, Wenjing and Zhu, Kenny and Wang, Yizhong and Tan, Jia

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

248--252

This paper presents a novel high-order dependency parsing framework that targets non-projective treebanks. It imitates how a human parses sentences in an intuitive way. At every step of the parse, it determines which word is the easiest to process among all the remaining words, identifies its head word and then folds it under the head word. Further, this work is flexible enough to be augmented with other parsing techniques.

null

61,808

inproceedings

ogata-etal-2016-using

Using Synthetically Collected Scripts for Story Generation

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2053/

Ogata, Takashi and Arai, Tatsuya and Ono, Jumpei

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

253--257

A script is a type of knowledge representation in artificial intelligence (AI). This paper presents two methods for synthetically using collected scripts for story generation. The first method recursively generates long sequences of events and the second creates script networks. Although related studies generally use one or more scripts for story generation, this research synthetically uses many scripts to flexibly generate a diverse narrative.

null

61,809

inproceedings

polsley-etal-2016-casesummarizer

{C}ase{S}ummarizer: A System for Automated Summarization of Legal Texts

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2054/

Polsley, Seth and Jhunjhunwala, Pooja and Huang, Ruihong

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

258--262

Attorneys, judges, and others in the justice system are constantly surrounded by large amounts of legal text, which can be difficult to manage across many cases. We present CaseSummarizer, a tool for automated text summarization of legal documents which uses standard summary methods based on word frequency augmented with additional domain-specific knowledge. Summaries are then provided through an informative interface with abbreviations, significance heat maps, and other flexible controls. It is evaluated using ROUGE and human scoring against several other summarization systems, including summary text and feedback provided by domain experts.

null

61,810

inproceedings

mizuno-etal-2016-wisdom

{WISDOM} {X}, {DISAANA} and {D}-{SUMM}: Large-scale {NLP} Systems for Analyzing Textual Big Data

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2055/

Mizuno, Junta and Tanaka, Masahiro and Ohtake, Kiyonori and Oh, Jong-Hoon and Kloetzer, Julien and Hashimoto, Chikara and Torisawa, Kentaro

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

263--267

We demonstrate our large-scale NLP systems: WISDOM X, DISAANA, and D-SUMM. WISDOM X provides numerous possible answers including unpredictable ones to widely diverse natural language questions to provide deep insights about a broad range of issues. DISAANA and D-SUMM enable us to assess the damage caused by large-scale disasters in real time using Twitter as an information source.

null

61,811

inproceedings

akbik-etal-2016-multilingual-information

Multilingual Information Extraction with {P}olyglot{IE}

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2056/

Akbik, Alan and Chiticariu, Laura and Danilevsky, Marina and Kbrom, Yonas and Li, Yunyao and Zhu, Huaiyu

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

268--272

We present PolyglotIE, a web-based tool for developing extractors that perform Information Extraction (IE) over multilingual data. Our tool has two core features: First, it allows users to develop extractors against a unified abstraction that is shared across a large set of natural languages. This means that an extractor needs only be created once for one language, but will then run on multilingual data without any additional effort or language-specific knowledge on part of the user. Second, it embeds this abstraction as a set of views within a declarative IE system, allowing users to quickly create extractors using a mature IE query language. We present PolyglotIE as a hands-on demo in which users can experiment with creating extractors, execute them on multilingual text and inspect extraction results. Using the UI, we discuss the challenges and potential of using unified, crosslingual semantic abstractions as basis for downstream applications. We demonstrate multilingual IE for 9 languages from 4 different language groups: English, German, French, Spanish, Japanese, Chinese, Arabic, Russian and Hindi.

null

61,812

inproceedings

chen-etal-2016-wordforce

{W}ord{F}orce: Visualizing Controversial Words in Debates

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2057/

Chen, Wei-Fan and Lin, Fang-Yu and Ku, Lun-Wei

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

273--277

This paper presents WordForce, a system powered by the state of the art neural network model to visualize the learned user-dependent word embeddings from each post according to the post content and its engaged users. It generates the scatter plots to show the force of a word, i.e., whether the semantics of word embeddings from posts of different stances are clearly separated from the aspect of this controversial word. In addition, WordForce provides the dispersion and the distance of word embeddings from posts of different stance groups, and proposes the most controversial words accordingly to show clues to what people argue about in a debate.

null

61,813

inproceedings

fung-etal-2016-zara

{Z}ara: A Virtual Interactive Dialogue System Incorporating Emotion, Sentiment and Personality Recognition

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2058/

Fung, Pascale and Dey, Anik and Siddique, Farhad Bin and Lin, Ruixi and Yang, Yang and Bertero, Dario and Wan, Yan and Chan, Ricky Ho Yin and Wu, Chien-Sheng

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

278--281

Zara, or {\textquoteleft}Zara the Supergirl' is a virtual robot, that can exhibit empathy while interacting with an user, with the aid of its built in facial and emotion recognition, sentiment analysis, and speech module. At the end of the 5-10 minute conversation, Zara can give a personality analysis of the user based on all the user utterances. We have also implemented a real-time emotion recognition, using a CNN model that detects emotion from raw audio without feature extraction, and have achieved an average of 65.7{\%} accuracy on six different emotion classes, which is an impressive 4.5{\%} improvement from the conventional feature based SVM classification. Also, we have described a CNN based sentiment analysis module trained using out-of-domain data, that recognizes sentiment from the speech recognition transcript, which has a 74.8 F-measure when tested on human-machine dialogues.

null

61,814

inproceedings

wei-etal-2016-nl2kb

{NL}2{KB}: Resolving Vocabulary Gap between Natural Language and Knowledge Base in Knowledge Base Construction and Retrieval

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2059/

Wei, Sheng-Lun and Chiu, Yen-Pin and Huang, Hen-Hsen and Chen, Hsin-Hsi

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

282--286

Words to express relations in natural language (NL) statements may be different from those to represent properties in knowledge bases (KB). The vocabulary gap becomes barriers for knowledge base construction and retrieval. With the demo system called NL2KB in this paper, users can browse which properties in KB side may be mapped to for a given relational pattern in NL side. Besides, they can retrieve the sets of relational patterns in NL side for a given property in KB side. We describe how the mapping is established in detail. Although the mined patterns are used for Chinese knowledge base applications, the methodology can be extended to other languages.

null

61,815

inproceedings

zhang-etal-2016-pkusumsum

{PKUSUMSUM} : A {J}ava Platform for Multilingual Document Summarization

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2060/

Zhang, Jianmin and Wang, Tianming and Wan, Xiaojun

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

287--291

PKUSUMSUM is a Java platform for multilingual document summarization, and it sup-ports multiple languages, integrates 10 automatic summarization methods, and tackles three typical summarization tasks. The summarization platform has been released and users can easily use and update it. In this paper, we make a brief description of the char-acteristics, the summarization methods, and the evaluation results of the platform, and al-so compare PKUSUMSUM with other summarization toolkits.

null

61,816

inproceedings

iwanari-etal-2016-kotonush

{K}otonush: Understanding Concepts Based on Values behind Social Media

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2061/

Iwanari, Tatsuya and Ohara, Kohei and Yoshinaga, Naoki and Kaji, Nobuhiro and Toyoda, Masashi and Kitsuregawa, Masaru

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

292--296

Kotonush, a system that clarifies people`s values on various concepts on the basis of what they write about on social media, is presented. The values are represented by ordering sets of concepts (e.g., London, Berlin, and Rome) in accordance with a common attribute intensity expressed by an adjective (e.g., entertaining). We exploit social media text written by different demographics and at different times in order to induce specific orderings for comparison. The system combines a text-to-ordering module with an interactive querying interface enabled by massive hyponymy relations and provides mechanisms to compare the induced orderings from various viewpoints. We empirically evaluate Kotonush and present some case studies, featuring real-world concept orderings with different domains on Twitter, to demonstrate the usefulness of our system.

null

61,817

inproceedings

huang-etal-2016-automatically

Automatically Suggesting Example Sentences of Near-Synonyms for Language Learners

Watanabe, Hideo

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-2063/

Huang, Chieh-Yang and Peinelt, Nicole and Ku, Lun-Wei

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations

302--306

In this paper, we propose GiveMeExample that ranks example sentences according to their capacity of demonstrating the differences among English and Chinese near-synonyms for language learners. The difficulty of the example sentences is automatically detected. Furthermore, the usage models of the near-synonyms are built by the GMM and Bi-LSTM models to suggest the best elaborative sentences. Experiments show the good performance both in the fill-in-the-blank test and on the manually labeled gold data, that is, the built models can select the appropriate words for the given context and vice versa.

null

61,819

inproceedings

sadrzadeh-kartsaklis-2016-compositional

Compositional Distributional Models of Meaning

Federico, Marcello and Aizawa, Akiko

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-3001/

Sadrzadeh, Mehrnoosh and Kartsaklis, Dimitri

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Tutorial Abstracts

1--4

Compositional distributional models of meaning (CDMs) provide a function that produces a vectorial representation for a phrase or a sentence by composing the vectors of its words. Being the natural evolution of the traditional and well-studied distributional models at the word level, CDMs are steadily evolving to a popular and active area of NLP. This COLING 2016 tutorial aims at providing a concise introduction to this emerging field, presenting the different classes of CDMs and the various issues related to them in sufficient detail.

null

61,822

inproceedings

saggion-ronzano-2016-natural

Natural Language Processing for Intelligent Access to Scientific Information

Federico, Marcello and Aizawa, Akiko

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-3003/

Saggion, Horacio and Ronzano, Francesco

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Tutorial Abstracts

9--13

During the last decade the amount of scientific information available on-line increased at an unprecedented rate. As a consequence, nowadays researchers are overwhelmed by an enormous and continuously growing number of articles to consider when they perform research activities like the exploration of advances in specific topics, peer reviewing, writing and evaluation of proposals. Natural Language Processing Technology represents a key enabling factor in providing scientists with intelligent patterns to access to scientific information. Extracting information from scientific papers, for example, can contribute to the development of rich scientific knowledge bases which can be leveraged to support intelligent knowledge access and question answering. Summarization techniques can reduce the size of long papers to their essential content or automatically generate state-of-the-art-reviews. Paraphrase or textual entailment techniques can contribute to the identification of relations across different scientific textual sources. This tutorial provides an overview of the most relevant tasks related to the processing of scientific documents, including but not limited to the in-depth analysis of the structure of the scientific articles, their semantic interpretation, content extraction and summarization.

null

61,824

inproceedings

scarton-etal-2016-quality

Quality Estimation for Language Output Applications

Federico, Marcello and Aizawa, Akiko

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-3004/

Scarton, Carolina and Paetzold, Gustavo and Specia, Lucia

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Tutorial Abstracts

14--17

Quality Estimation (QE) of language output applications is a research area that has been attracting significant attention. The goal of QE is to estimate the quality of language output applications without the need of human references. Instead, machine learning algorithms are used to build supervised models based on a few labelled training instances. Such models are able to generalise over unseen data and thus QE is a robust method applicable to scenarios where human input is not available or possible. One such a scenario where QE is particularly appealing is that of Machine Translation, where a score for predicted quality can help decide whether or not a translation is useful (e.g. for post-editing) or reliable (e.g. for gisting). Other potential applications within Natural Language Processing (NLP) include Text Summarisation and Text Simplification. In this tutorial we present the task of QE and its application in NLP, focusing on Machine Translation. We also introduce QuEst++, a toolkit for QE that encompasses feature extraction and machine learning, and propose a practical activity to extend this toolkit in various ways.

null

61,825

inproceedings

wintner-2016-translationese

{T}ranslationese: Between Human and Machine Translation

Federico, Marcello and Aizawa, Akiko

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-3005/

Wintner, Shuly

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Tutorial Abstracts

18--19

Translated texts, in any language, have unique characteristics that set them apart from texts originally written in the same language. Translation Studies is a research field that focuses on investigating these characteristics. Until recently, research in machine translation (MT) has been entirely divorced from translation studies. The main goal of this tutorial is to introduce some of the findings of translation studies to researchers interested mainly in machine translation, and to demonstrate that awareness to these findings can result in better, more accurate MT systems.

null

61,826

inproceedings

petri-cohn-2016-succinct

Succinct Data Structures for {NLP}-at-Scale

Federico, Marcello and Aizawa, Akiko

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-3006/

Petri, Matthias and Cohn, Trevor

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Tutorial Abstracts

20--21

Succinct data structures involve the use of novel data structures, compression technologies, and other mechanisms to allow data to be stored in extremely small memory or disk footprints, while still allowing for efficient access to the underlying data. They have successfully been applied in areas such as Information Retrieval and Bioinformatics to create highly compressible in-memory search indexes which provide efficient search functionality over datasets which traditionally could only be processed using external memory data structures. Modern technologies in this space are not well known within the NLP community, but have the potential to revolutionise NLP, particularly the application to {\textquoteleft}big data' in the form of terabyte and larger corpora. This tutorial will present a practical introduction to the most important succinct data structures, tools, and applications with the intent of providing the researchers with a jump-start into this domain. The focus of this tutorial will be efficient text processing utilising space efficient representations of suffix arrays, suffix trees and searchable integer compression schemes with specific applications of succinct data structures to common NLP tasks such as $n$-gram language modelling.

null

61,827

inproceedings

pasca-2016-role

The Role of {W}ikipedia in Text Analysis and Retrieval

Federico, Marcello and Aizawa, Akiko

dec

2016

Osaka, Japan

The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee

https://aclanthology.org/C16-3007/

Pa{\c{s}}ca, Marius

Proceedings of {COLING} 2016, the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Tutorial Abstracts

22

This tutorial examines the characteristics, advantages and limitations of Wikipedia relative to other existing, human-curated resources of knowledge; derivative resources, created by converting semi-structured content in Wikipedia into structured data; the role of Wikipedia and its derivatives in text analysis; and the role of Wikipedia and its derivatives in enhancing information retrieval.

null

61,828

article

mcshane-babkin-2016-detection

Detection and Resolution of Verb Phrase Ellipsis

null

2016

null

CSLI Publications

https://aclanthology.org/2016.lilt-13.1/

McShane, Marjorie and Babkin, Petr

null

Verb phrase (VP) ellipsis is the omission of a verb phrase whose meaning can be reconstructed from the linguistic or real-world context. It is licensed in English by auxiliary verbs, often modal auxiliaries: She can go to Hawaii but he can`t [e]. This paper describes a system called ViPER (VP Ellipsis Resolver) that detects and resolves VP ellipsis, relying on linguistic principles such as syntactic parallelism, modality correlations, and the delineation of core vs. peripheral sentence constituents. The key insight guiding the work is that not all cases of ellipsis are equally difficult: some can be detected and resolved with high confidence even before we are able to build systems with human-level semantic and pragmatic understanding of text.

Linguistic Issues in Language Technology

13

null

1

null

61,861

article

herbelot-vecchi-2016-many

Many speakers, many worlds: Interannotator variations in the quantification of feature norms

null

2016

null

CSLI Publications

https://aclanthology.org/2016.lilt-13.2/

Herbelot, Aur{\'e}lie and Vecchi, Eva Maria

null

Quantification (see e.g. Peters and Westerst ̊ahl, 2006) is probably one of the most extensively studied phenomena in formal semantics. But because of the specific representation of meaning assumed by modeltheoretic semantics (one where a true model of the world is a priori available), research in the area has primarily focused on one question: what is the relation of a quantifier to the truth value of a sentence? In contrast, relatively little has been said about the way the underlying model comes about, and its relation to individual speakers' conceptual knowledge. In this paper, we make a first step in investigating how native speakers of English model relations between non-grounded sets, by observing how they quantify simple statements. We first give some motivation for our task, from both a theoretical linguistic and computational semantic point of view ({\textsection}2). We then describe our annotation setup ({\textsection}3) and follow on with an analysis of the produced dataset, conducting a quantitative evaluation which includes inter-annotator agreement for different classes of predicates ({\textsection}4). We observe that there is significant agreement between speakers but also noticeable variations. We posit that in settheoretic terms, there are as many worlds as there are speakers ({\textsection}5), but the overwhelming use of underspecified quantification in ordinary language covers up the individual differences that might otherwise be observed.

Linguistic Issues in Language Technology

13

null

2

null

61,862

article

loaiciga-grisot-2016-predicting

Predicting and Using a Pragmatic Component of Lexical Aspect of Simple Past Verbal Tenses for Improving {E}nglish-to-{F}rench Machine Translation

null

2016

null

CSLI Publications

https://aclanthology.org/2016.lilt-13.3/

Lo{\'a}iciga, Sharid and Grisot, Cristina

null

This paper proposes a method for improving the results of a statistical Machine Translation system using boundedness, a pragmatic component of the verbal phrase`s lexical aspect. First, the paper presents manual and automatic annotation experiments for lexical aspect in EnglishFrench parallel corpora. It will be shown that this aspectual property is identified and classified with ease both by humans and by automatic systems. Second, Statistical Machine Translation experiments using the boundedness annotations are presented. These experiments show that the information regarding lexical aspect is useful to improve the output of a Machine Translation system in terms of better choices of verbal tenses in the target language, as well as better lexical choices. Ultimately, this work aims at providing a method for the automatic annotation of data with boundedness information and at contributing to Machine Translation by taking into account linguistic data.

Linguistic Issues in Language Technology

13

null

3

null

61,863

article

kolachina-ranta-2016-abstract

From Abstract Syntax to {U}niversal {D}ependencies

null

2016

null

CSLI Publications

https://aclanthology.org/2016.lilt-13.4/

Kolachina, Prasanth and Ranta, Aarnte

null

Abstract syntax is a semantic tree representation that lies between parse trees and logical forms. It abstracts away from word order and lexical items, but contains enough information to generate both surface strings and logical forms. Abstract syntax is commonly used in compilers as an intermediate between source and target languages. Grammatical Framework (GF) is a grammar formalism that generalizes the idea to natural languages, to capture cross-lingual generalizations and perform interlingual translation. As one of the main results, the GF Resource Grammar Library (GF-RGL) has implemented a shared abstract syntax for over 30 languages. Each language has its own set of concrete syntax rules (morphology and syntax), by which it can be generated from the abstract syntax and parsed into it. This paper presents a conversion method from abstract syntax trees to dependency trees. The method is applied for converting GF-RGL trees to Universal Dependencies (UD), which uses a common set of labels for different languages. The correspondence between GF-RGL and UD turns out to be good, and the relatively few discrepancies give rise to interesting questions about universality. The conversion also has potential for practical applications: (1) it makes the GF parser usable as a rule-based dependency parser; (2) it enables bootstrapping UD treebanks from GF treebanks; (3) it defines formal criteria to assess the informal annotation schemes of UD; (4) it gives a method to check the consistency of manually annotated UD trees with respect to the annotation schemes; (5) it makes information from UD treebanks available.

Linguistic Issues in Language Technology

13

null

3

null

61,864

article

zaenen-2016-modality

Modality: logic, semantics, annotation and machine learning

null

sept

2016

null

CSLI Publications

https://aclanthology.org/2016.lilt-14.1/

Zaenen, Annie

null

Up to rather recently Natural Language Processing has not given much attention to modality. As long as the main task was to determined what a text was about (Information Retrieval) or who the participants in an eventuality were (Information Extraction), this neglect was understandable. With the focus moving to questions of natural language understanding and inferencing as well as to sentiment and opinion analysis, it becomes necessary to distinguish between actual and envisioned eventualities and to draw conclusions about the attitude of the writer or speaker towards the eventualities referred to. This means, i.a., to be able to distinguish {\textquoteleft}John went to Paris' and {\textquoteleft}John wanted to go to Paris'. To do this one has to calculate the effect of different linguistic operators on the eventuality predication.

Linguistic Issues in Language Technology

14

null

0

null

61,865

article

marasovic-etal-2016-modal

Modal Sense Classification At Large: Paraphrase-Driven Sense Projection, Semantically Enriched Classification Models and Cross-Genre Evaluations

null

sept

2016

null

CSLI Publications

https://aclanthology.org/2016.lilt-14.3/

Marasovi{\'c}, Ana and Zhou, Mengfei and Palmer, Alexis and Frank, Anette

null

Modal verbs have different interpretations depending on their context. Their sense categories {--} epistemic, deontic and dynamic {--} provide important dimensions of meaning for the interpretation of discourse. Previous work on modal sense classification achieved relatively high performance using shallow lexical and syntactic features drawn from small-size annotated corpora. Due to the restricted empirical basis, it is difficult to assess the particular difficulties of modal sense classification and the generalization capacity of the proposed models. In this work we create large-scale, high-quality annotated corpora for modal sense classification using an automatic paraphrase-driven projection approach. Using the acquired corpora, we investigate the modal sense classification task from different perspectives.

Linguistic Issues in Language Technology

14

null

3

null

61,867

article

lavid-etal-2016-linguistically

A linguistically-motivated annotation model of modality in {E}nglish and {S}panish: Insights from {MULTINOT}

null

sept

2016

null

CSLI Publications

https://aclanthology.org/2016.lilt-14.4/

Lavid, Julia and Carretrero, Marta and Zamorano-Mansilla, Juan Rafael

null

In this paper we present current work on the design and validation of a linguistically-motivated annotation model of modality in English and Spanish in the context of the MULTINOT project. Our annotation model captures four basic modal meanings and their subtypes, on the one hand, and provides a fine-grained characterisation of the syntactic realisations of those meanings in English and Spanish, on the other. We validate the modal tagset proposed through an agreement study performed on a bilingual sample of four hundred sentences extracted from original texts of the MULTINOT corpus, and discuss the difficult cases encountered in the annotation experiment. We also describe current steps in the implementation of the proposed scheme for the large-scale annotation of the bilingual corpus using both automatic and manual procedures.

Linguistic Issues in Language Technology

14

null

4

null

61,868

article

mendes-etal-2016-modality

Modality annotation for {P}ortuguese: from manual annotation to automatic labeling

null

sept

2016

null

CSLI Publications

https://aclanthology.org/2016.lilt-14.5/

Mendes, Am{\'a}lia and Hendrickx, Iris and {\'A}vila, Liciana and Quaresma, Paulo and Gon{\cyrsdsc}alves, Teresa and Sequeira, Jo{\~a}o

null

We investigate modality in Portuguese and we combine a linguistic perspective with an application-oriented perspective on modality. We design an annotation scheme reflecting theoretical linguistic concepts and apply this schema to a small corpus sample to show how the scheme deals with real world language usage. We present two schemas for Portuguese, one for spoken Brazilian Portuguese and one for written European Portuguese. Furthermore, we use the annotated data not only to study the linguistic phenomena of modality, but also to train a practical text mining tool to detect modality in text automatically. The modality tagger uses a machine learning classifier trained on automatically extracted features from a syntactic parser. As we only have a small annotated sample available, the tagger was evaluated on 11 modal verbs that are frequent in our corpus and that denote more than one modal meaning. Finally, we discuss several valuable insights into the complexity of the semantic concept of modality that derive from the process of manual annotation of the corpus and from the analysis of the results of the automatic labeling: ambiguity and the semantic and syntactic properties typically associated to one modal meaning in context, and also the interaction of modality with negation and focus. The knowledge gained from the manual annotation task leads us to propose a new unified scheme for modality that applies to the two Portuguese varieties and covers both written and spoken data.

Linguistic Issues in Language Technology

14

null

5

null

61,869

article

hallmann-etal-2016-sarcastic

Sarcastic Soulmates: Intimacy and irony markers in social media messaging

null

sept

2016

null

CSLI Publications

https://aclanthology.org/2016.lilt-14.7/

Hallmann, Koen and Kunneman, Florian and Liebrecht, Christine and van den Bosch, Antal and van Mulken, Margot

null

Verbal irony, or sarcasm, presents a significant technical and conceptual challenge when it comes to automatic detection. Moreover, it can be a disruptive factor in sentiment analysis and opinion mining, because it changes the polarity of a message implicitly. Extant methods for automatic detection are mostly based on overt clues to ironic intent such as hashtags, also known as irony markers. In this paper, we investigate whether people who know each other make use of irony markers less often than people who do not know each other. We trained a machinelearning classifier to detect sarcasm in Twitter messages (tweets) that were addressed to specific users, and in tweets that were not addressed to a particular user. Human coders analyzed the top-1000 features found to be most discriminative into ten categories of irony markers. The classifier was also tested within and across the two categories. We find that tweets with a user mention contain fewer irony markers than tweets not addressed to a particular user. Classification experiments confirm that the irony in the two types of tweets is signaled differently. The within-category performance of the classifier is about 91{\%} for both categories, while cross-category experiments yield substantially lower generalization performance scores of 75{\%} and 71{\%}. We conclude that irony markers are used more often when there is less mutual knowledge between sender and receiver. Senders addressing other Twitter users less often use irony markers, relying on mutual knowledge which should lead the receiver to infer ironic intent from more implicit clues. With regard to automatic detection, we conclude that our classifier is able to detect ironic tweets addressed at another user as reliably as tweets that are not addressed at at a particular person.

Linguistic Issues in Language Technology

14

null

7

null

61,871

inproceedings

le-lan-etal-2016-autoapprentissage

Autoapprentissage pour le regroupement en locuteurs : premi{\`e}res investigations (First investigations on self trained speaker diarization )

Danlos, Laurence and Hamon, Thierry

7

2016

Paris, France

AFCP - ATALA

https://aclanthology.org/2016.jeptalnrecital-jep.10/

Le Lan, Ga{\"el and Meignier, Sylvain and Charlet, Delphine and Larcher, Anthony

Actes de la conf{\'e}rence conjointe JEP-TALN-RECITAL 2016. volume 1 : JEP

82--90

This paper investigates self trained cross-show speaker diarization applied to collections of French TV archives, based on an \textit{i-vector/PLDA} framework. The parameters used for i-vectors extraction and PLDA scoring are trained in a unsupervised way, using the data of the collection itself. Performances are compared, using combinations of target data and external data for training. The experimental results on two distinct target corpora show that using data from the corpora themselves to perform unsupervised iterative training and domain adaptation of PLDA parameters can improve an existing system, trained on external annotated data. Such results indicate that performing speaker indexation on small collections of unlabeled audio archives should only rely on the availability of a sufficient external corpus, which can be specifically adapted to every target collection. We show that a minimum collection size is required to exclude the use of such an external bootstrap.

null

fra

null

61,882

inproceedings

schluter-martinez-alonso-2016-approximate

Approximate unsupervised summary optimisation for selections of {ROUGE}

Danlos, Laurence and Hamon, Thierry

7

2016

Paris, France

AFCP - ATALA

https://aclanthology.org/2016.jeptalnrecital-poster.5/

Schluter, Natalie and Mart{\'i}nez Alonso, H{\'e}ctor

Actes de la conf{\'e}rence conjointe JEP-TALN-RECITAL 2016. volume 2 : TALN (Posters)

349--354

Approximate summary optimisation for selections of ROUGE It is standard to measure automatic summariser performance using the ROUGE metric. Unfortunately, ROUGE is not appropriate for unsupervised summarisation approaches. On the other hand, we show that it is possible to optimise approximately for ROUGE-n by using a document-weighted ROUGE objective. Doing so results in state-of-the-art summariser performance for single and multiple document summaries for both English and French. This is despite a non-correlation of the documentweighted ROUGE metric with human judgments, unlike the original ROUGE metric. These findings suggest a theoretical approximation link between the two metrics.

null

61,988

inproceedings

partalas-etal-2016-comparing

Comparing Named-Entity Recognizers in a Targeted Domain: Handcrafted Rules vs Machine Learning

Danlos, Laurence and Hamon, Thierry

7

2016

Paris, France

AFCP - ATALA

https://aclanthology.org/2016.jeptalnrecital-poster.10/

Partalas, Ioannis and Lopez, C{\'e}dric and Segond, Fr{\'e}d{\'e}rique

Actes de la conf{\'e}rence conjointe JEP-TALN-RECITAL 2016. volume 2 : TALN (Posters)

389--395

Comparing Named-Entity Recognizers in a Targeted Domain : Handcrafted Rules vs. Machine Learning Named-Entity Recognition concerns the classification of textual objects in a predefined set of categories such as persons, organizations, and localizations. While Named-Entity Recognition is well studied since 20 years, the application to specialized domains still poses challenges for current systems. We developed a rule-based system and two machine learning approaches to tackle the same task : recognition of product names, brand names, etc., in the domain of Cosmetics, for French. Our systems can thus be compared under ideal conditions. In this paper, we introduce both systems and we compare them.

null

61,993

inproceedings

bawden-etal-2016-investigating

Investigating gender adaptation for speech translation

Danlos, Laurence and Hamon, Thierry

7

2016

Paris, France

AFCP - ATALA

https://aclanthology.org/2016.jeptalnrecital-poster.23/

Bawden, Rachel and Wisniewski, Guillaume and Maynard, H{\'e}l{\`e}ne

Actes de la conf{\'e}rence conjointe JEP-TALN-RECITAL 2016. volume 2 : TALN (Posters)

490--497

In this paper we investigate the impact of the integration of context into dialogue translation. We present a new contextual parallel corpus of television subtitles and show how taking into account speaker gender can significantly improve machine translation quality in terms of B LEU and M ETEOR scores. We perform a manual analysis, which suggests that these improvements are not necessary related to the morphological consequences of speaker gender, but to more general linguistic divergences.

null

62,006

inproceedings

ghamnia-2016-hypernym

Hypernym extraction from {W}ikipedia

Danlos, Laurence and Hamon, Thierry

7

2016

Paris, France

AFCP - ATALA

https://aclanthology.org/2016.jeptalnrecital-recital.4/

Ghamnia, Adel

Actes de la conf{\'e}rence conjointe JEP-TALN-RECITAL 2016. volume 3 : RECITAL

40--51

Hypernym extraction from Wikip{\'e}dia The volume of available documents on the Web continues to increase, the texts contained in these documents are rich information describing concepts and relationships between concepts specific to a particular field. In this paper, we propose and exploit an hypernymy extractor based on lexico-syntactic patterns designed for Wikipedia semi-structured pages, especially the disambiguation pages, to enrich a knowledge base as BabelNet and DBPedia. The results show a precision of 0.68 and a recall of 0.75 for the patterns that we have defined, and an enrichment rate up to 33{\%} for both BabelNet and DBP{\'e}dia semantic resources.

null

62,019

inproceedings

chiarcos-2016-corpora

Corpora and Linguistic Linked Open Data: Motivations, Applications, Limitations

Danlos, Laurence and Hamon, Thierry

7

2016

Paris, France

AFCP - ATALA

https://aclanthology.org/2016.jeptalnrecital-invite.1/

Chiarcos, Christian

Actes de la conf{\'e}rence conjointe JEP-TALN-RECITAL 2016. Volume 4 : Conf{\'e}rences invit{\'e}es

1--2

Linguistic Linked Open Data (LLOD) is a technology and a movement in several disciplines working with language resources, including Natural Language Processing, general linguistics, computational lexicography and the localization industry. This talk describes basic principles of Linguistic Linked Open Data and their application to linguistically annotated corpora, it summarizes the current status of the Linguistic Linked Open Data cloud and gives an overview over selected LLOD vocabularies and their uses.

null

62,025

inproceedings

liberman-2016-human

From Human Language Technology to Human Language Science

Danlos, Laurence and Hamon, Thierry

7

2016

Paris, France

AFCP - ATALA

https://aclanthology.org/2016.jeptalnrecital-invite.2/

Liberman, Mark

Actes de la conf{\'e}rence conjointe JEP-TALN-RECITAL 2016. Volume 4 : Conf{\'e}rences invit{\'e}es

3--3

Thirty years ago, in order to get past roadblocks in Machine Translation and Automatic Speech Recognition, DARPA invented a new way to organize and manage technological R{\&}D : a {\textquotedblleft}common task{\textquotedblright} is defined by a formal quantitative evaluation metric and a body of shared training data, and researchers join an open competition to compare approaches. Over the past three decades, this method has produced steadily improving technologies, with many practical applications now possible. And Moore`s law has created a sort of digital shadow universe, which increasingly mirrors the real world in flows and stores of bits, while the same improvements in digital hardware and software make it increasingly easy to pull content out of the these rivers and oceans of information. It`s natural to be excited about these technologies, where we can see an open road to rapid improvements beyond the current state of the art, and an explosion of near-term commercial applications. But there are some important opportunities in a less obvious direction. Several areas of scientific and humanistic research are being revolutionized by the application of Human Language Technology. At a minimum, orders of magnitude more data can be addressed with orders of magnitude less effort - but this change also transforms old theoretical questions, and poses new ones. And eventually, new modes of research organization and funding are likely to emerge..

null

62,026

inproceedings

cettolo-etal-2016-iwslt

The {IWSLT} 2016 Evaluation Campaign

Cettolo, Mauro and Niehues, Jan and St{\"uker, Sebastian and Bentivogli, Luisa and Cattoni, Rolando and Federico, Marcello

dec # " 8-9"

2016

Seattle, Washington D.C

International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation

https://aclanthology.org/2016.iwslt-1.1/

Cettolo, Mauro and Niehues, Jan and St{\"uker, Sebastian and Bentivogli, Luisa and Cattoni, Rolando and Federico, Marcello

Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Spoken Language Translation

null

The IWSLT 2016 Evaluation Campaign featured two tasks: the translation of talks and the translation of video conference conversations. While the first task extends previously offered tasks with talks from a different source, the second task is completely new. For both tasks, three tracks were organised: automatic speech recognition (ASR), spoken language translation (SLT), and machine translation (MT). Main translation directions that were offered are English to/from German and English to French. Additionally, the MT track included English to/from Arabic and Czech, as well as French to English. We received this year run submissions from 11 research labs. All runs were evaluated with objective metrics, while submissions for two of the MT talk tasks were also evaluated with human post-editing. Results of the human evaluation show improvements over the best submissions of last year.

null

62,047

inproceedings

zhang-etal-2016-integrating

Integrating Encyclopedic Knowledge into Neural Language Models

Cettolo, Mauro and Niehues, Jan and St{\"uker, Sebastian and Bentivogli, Luisa and Cattoni, Rolando and Federico, Marcello

dec # " 8-9"

2016

Seattle, Washington D.C

International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation

https://aclanthology.org/2016.iwslt-1.2/

Zhang, Yang and Niehues, Jan and Waibel, Alexander

Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Spoken Language Translation

null

Neural models have recently shown big improvements in the performance of phrase-based machine translation. Recurrent language models, in particular, have been a great success due to their ability to model arbitrary long context. In this work, we integrate global semantic information extracted from large encyclopedic sources into neural network language models. We integrate semantic word classes extracted from Wikipedia and sentence level topic information into a recurrent neural network-based language model. The new resulting models exhibit great potential in alleviating data sparsity problems with the additional knowledge provided. This approach of integrating global information is not restricted to language modeling but can also be easily applied to any model that profits from context or further data resources, e.g. neural machine translation. Using this model has improved rescoring quality of a state-of-the-art phrase-based translation system by 0.84 BLEU points. We performed experiments on two language pairs.

null

62,048

inproceedings

garcia-martinez-etal-2016-factored

Factored Neural Machine Translation Architectures

Cettolo, Mauro and Niehues, Jan and St{\"uker, Sebastian and Bentivogli, Luisa and Cattoni, Rolando and Federico, Marcello

dec # " 8-9"

2016

Seattle, Washington D.C

International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation

https://aclanthology.org/2016.iwslt-1.3/

Garc{\'ia-Mart{\'inez, Mercedes and Barrault, Lo{\"ic and Bougares, Fethi

Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Spoken Language Translation

null

In this paper we investigate the potential of the neural machine translation (NMT) when taking into consideration the linguistic aspect of target language. From this standpoint, the NMT approach with attention mechanism [1] is extended in order to produce several linguistically derived outputs. We train our model to simultaneously output the lemma and its corresponding factors (e.g. part-of-speech, gender, number). The word level translation is built with a mapping function using a priori linguistic information. Compared to the standard NMT system, factored architecture increases significantly the vocabulary coverage while decreasing the number of unknown words. With its richer architecture, the Factored NMT approach allows us to implement several training setup that will be discussed in detail along this paper. On the IWSLT`15 English-to-French task, FNMT model outperforms NMT model in terms of BLEU score. A qualitative analysis of the output on a set of test sentences shows the effectiveness of the FNMT model.

null

62,049

inproceedings

wetzel-etal-2016-audio

Audio Segmentation for Robust Real-Time Speech Recognition Based on Neural Networks

Cettolo, Mauro and Niehues, Jan and St{\"uker, Sebastian and Bentivogli, Luisa and Cattoni, Rolando and Federico, Marcello

dec # " 8-9"

2016

Seattle, Washington D.C

International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation

https://aclanthology.org/2016.iwslt-1.4/

Wetzel, Micha and Sperber, Matthias and Waibel, Alexander

Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Spoken Language Translation

null

Speech that contains multimedia content can pose a serious challenge for real-time automatic speech recognition (ASR) for two reasons: (1) The ASR produces meaningless output, hurting the readability of the transcript. (2) The search space of the ASR is blown up when multimedia content is encountered, resulting in large delays that compromise real-time requirements. This paper introduces a segmenter that aims to remove these problems by detecting music and noise segments in real-time and replacing them with silence. We propose a two step approach, consisting of frame classification and smoothing. First, a classifier detects speech and multimedia on the frame level. In the second step the smoothing algorithm considers the temporal context to prevent rapid class fluctuations. We investigate in frame classification and smoothing settings to obtain an appealing accuracy-latency-tradeoff. The proposed segmenter yields increases the transcript quality of an ASR system by removing on average 39 {\%} of the errors caused by non-speech in the audio stream, while maintaining a real-time applicable delay of 270 milliseconds.

null

62,050

inproceedings

junczys-dowmunt-etal-2016-neural

Is Neural Machine Translation Ready for Deployment? A Case Study on 30 Translation Directions

Cettolo, Mauro and Niehues, Jan and St{\"uker, Sebastian and Bentivogli, Luisa and Cattoni, Rolando and Federico, Marcello

dec # " 8-9"

2016

Seattle, Washington D.C

International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation

https://aclanthology.org/2016.iwslt-1.5/

Junczys-Dowmunt, Marcin and Dwojak, Tomasz and Hoang, Hieu

Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Spoken Language Translation

null

In this paper we provide the largest published comparison of translation quality for phrase-based SMT and neural machine translation across 30 translation directions. For ten directions we also include hierarchical phrase-based MT. Experiments are performed for the recently published United Nations Parallel Corpus v1.0 and its large six-way sentence-aligned subcorpus. In the second part of the paper we investigate aspects of translation speed, introducing AmuNMT, our efficient neural machine translation decoder. We demonstrate that current neural machine translation could already be used for in-production systems when comparing words-persecond ratios.

null

62,051

inproceedings

ha-etal-2016-toward

Toward Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Universal Encoder and Decoder

Cettolo, Mauro and Niehues, Jan and St{\"uker, Sebastian and Bentivogli, Luisa and Cattoni, Rolando and Federico, Marcello

dec # " 8-9"

2016

Seattle, Washington D.C

International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation

https://aclanthology.org/2016.iwslt-1.6/

Ha, Thanh-Le and Niehues, Jan and Waibel, Alex

Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Spoken Language Translation

null

In this paper, we present our first attempts in building a multilingual Neural Machine Translation framework under a unified approach in which the information shared among languages can be helpful in the translation of individual language pairs. We are then able to employ attention-based Neural Machine Translation for many-to-many multilingual translation tasks. Our approach does not require any special treatment on the network architecture and it allows us to learn minimal number of free parameters in a standard way of training. Our approach has shown its effectiveness in an under-resourced translation scenario with considerable improvements up to 2.6 BLEU points. In addition, we point out a novel way to make use of monolingual data with Neural Machine Translation using the same approach with a 3.15-BLEU-score gain in IWSLT`16 English{\textrightarrow}German translation task.

null

62,052

inproceedings

burlot-etal-2016-two

Two-Step {MT}: Predicting Target Morphology

Cettolo, Mauro and Niehues, Jan and St{\"uker, Sebastian and Bentivogli, Luisa and Cattoni, Rolando and Federico, Marcello

dec # " 8-9"

2016

Seattle, Washington D.C

International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation

https://aclanthology.org/2016.iwslt-1.7/

Burlot, Franck and Knyazeva, Elena and Lavergne, Thomas and Yvon, Fran{\c{c}}ois

Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Spoken Language Translation

null

This paper describes a two-step machine translation system that addresses the issue of translating into a morphologically rich language (English to Czech), by performing separately the translation and the generation of target morphology. The first step consists in translating from English into a normalized version of Czech, where some morphological information has been removed. The second step retrieves this information and re-inflects the normalized output, turning it into fully inflected Czech. We introduce different setups for the second step and evaluate the quality of their predictions over different MT systems trained on different amounts of parallel and monolingual data and report ways to adapt to different data sizes, which improves the translation in low-resource conditions, as well as when large training data is available.

null

62,053

inproceedings

lazaridis-etal-2016-investigating

Investigating Cross-lingual Multi-level Adaptive Networks: The Importance of the Correlation of Source and Target Languages

Cettolo, Mauro and Niehues, Jan and St{\"uker, Sebastian and Bentivogli, Luisa and Cattoni, Rolando and Federico, Marcello

dec # " 8-9"

2016

Seattle, Washington D.C

International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation

https://aclanthology.org/2016.iwslt-1.8/

Lazaridis, Alexandros and Himawan, Ivan and Motlicek, Petr and Mporas, Iosif and Garner, Philip N.

Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Spoken Language Translation

null

The multi-level adaptive networks (MLAN) technique is a cross-lingual adaptation framework where a bottleneck (BN) layer in a deep neural network (DNN) trained in a source language is used for producing BN features to be exploited in a second DNN in a target language. We investigate how the correlation (in the sense of phonetic similarity) of the source and target languages and the amount of data of the source language affect the efficiency of the MLAN schemes. We experiment with three different scenarios using, i) French, as a source language uncorrelated to the target language, ii) Ukrainian, as a source language correlated to the target one and finally iii) English as a source language uncorrelated to the target language using a relatively large amount of data in respect to the other two scenarios. In all cases Russian is used as target language. GLOBALPHONE data is used, except for English, where a mixture of LIBRISPEECH, TEDLIUM and AMIDA is available. The results have shown that both of these two factors are important for the MLAN schemes. Specifically, on the one hand, when a modest amount of data from the source language is used, the correlation of the source and target languages is very important. On the other hand, the correlation of the two languages seems to be less important when a relatively large amount of data, from the source language, is used. The best performance in word error rate (WER), was achieved when the English language was used as the source one in the multi-task MLAN scheme, achieving a relative improvement of 9.4{\%} in respect to the baseline DNN model.

null

62,054

inproceedings

muller-etal-2016-towards

Towards Improving Low-Resource Speech Recognition Using Articulatory and Language Features

Cettolo, Mauro and Niehues, Jan and St{\"uker, Sebastian and Bentivogli, Luisa and Cattoni, Rolando and Federico, Marcello

dec # " 8-9"

2016

Seattle, Washington D.C

International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation

https://aclanthology.org/2016.iwslt-1.9/

M{\"uller, Markus and St{\"uker, Sebastian and Waibel, Alex

Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Spoken Language Translation

null

In an increasingly globalized world, there is a rising demand for speech recognition systems. Systems for languages like English, German or French do achieve a decent performance, but there exists a long tail of languages for which such systems do not yet exist. State-of-the-art speech recognition systems feature Deep Neural Networks (DNNs). Being a data driven method and therefore highly dependent on sufficient training data, the lack of resources directly affects the recognition performance. There exist multiple techniques to deal with such resource constraint conditions, one approach is the use of additional data from other languages. In the past, is was demonstrated that multilingually trained systems benefit from adding language feature vectors (LFVs) to the input features, similar to i-Vectors. In this work, we extend this approach by the addition of articulatory features (AFs). We show that AFs also benefit from LFVs and that multilingual system setups benefit from adding both AFs and LFVs. Pretending English to be a low-resource language, we restricted ourselves to use only 10h of English acoustic training data. For system training, we use additional data from French, German and Turkish. By using a combination of AFs and LFVs, we were able to decrease the WER from 18.1{\%} to 17.3{\%} after system combination in our setup using a multilingual phone set.

null

62,055

inproceedings

cho-etal-2016-multilingual

Multilingual Disfluency Removal using {NMT}

Cettolo, Mauro and Niehues, Jan and St{\"uker, Sebastian and Bentivogli, Luisa and Cattoni, Rolando and Federico, Marcello

dec # " 8-9"

2016

Seattle, Washington D.C

International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation

https://aclanthology.org/2016.iwslt-1.10/

Cho, Eunah and Niehues, Jan and Ha, Thanh-Le and Waibel, Alex

Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Spoken Language Translation

null

In this paper, we investigate a multilingual approach for speech disfluency removal. A major challenge of this task comes from the costly nature of disfluency annotation. Motivated by the fact that speech disfluencies are commonly observed throughout different languages, we investigate the potential of multilingual disfluency modeling. We suggest that learning a joint representation of the disfluencies in multiple languages can be a promising solution to the data sparsity issue. In this work, we utilize a multilingual neural machine translation system, where a disfluent speech transcript is directly transformed into a cleaned up text. Disfluency removal experiments on English and German speech transcripts show that multilingual disfluency modeling outperforms the single language systems. In a following experiment, we show that the improvements are also observed in a downstream application using the disfluency-removed transcripts as input.

null

62,056

inproceedings

nadejde-etal-2016-neural

A Neural Verb Lexicon Model with Source-side Syntactic Context for String-to-Tree Machine Translation

Cettolo, Mauro and Niehues, Jan and St{\"uker, Sebastian and Bentivogli, Luisa and Cattoni, Rolando and Federico, Marcello

dec # " 8-9"

2016

Seattle, Washington D.C

International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation

https://aclanthology.org/2016.iwslt-1.11/

N{\u{a}}dejde, Maria and Birch, Alexandra and Koehn, Philipp

Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Spoken Language Translation

null

String-to-tree MT systems translate verbs without lexical or syntactic context on the source side and with limited target-side context. The lack of context is one reason why verb translation recall is as low as 45.5{\%}. We propose a verb lexicon model trained with a feed-forward neural network that predicts the target verb conditioned on a wide source-side context. We show that a syntactic context extracted from the dependency parse of the source sentence improves the model`s accuracy by 1.5{\%} over a baseline trained on a window context. When used as an extra feature for re-ranking the n-best list produced by the string-to-tree MT system, the verb lexicon model improves verb translation recall by more than 7{\%}.

null

62,057

inproceedings

federmann-lewis-2016-microsoft

{M}icrosoft Speech Language Translation ({MSLT}) Corpus: The {IWSLT} 2016 release for {E}nglish, {F}rench and {G}erman

Cettolo, Mauro and Niehues, Jan and St{\"uker, Sebastian and Bentivogli, Luisa and Cattoni, Rolando and Federico, Marcello

dec # " 8-9"

2016

Seattle, Washington D.C

International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation

https://aclanthology.org/2016.iwslt-1.12/

Federmann, Christian and Lewis, William D.

Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Spoken Language Translation

null

We describe the Microsoft Speech Language Translation (MSLT) corpus, which was created in order to evaluate end-to-end conversational speech translation quality. The corpus was created from actual conversations over Skype, and we provide details on the recording setup and the different layers of associated text data. The corpus release includes Test and Dev sets with reference transcripts for speech recognition. Additionally, cleaned up transcripts and reference translations are available for evaluation of machine translation quality. The IWSLT 2016 release described here includes the source audio, raw transcripts, cleaned up transcripts, and translations to or from English for both French and German.

null

62,058

inproceedings

le-etal-2016-joint

Joint {ASR} and {MT} Features for Quality Estimation in Spoken Language Translation

Cettolo, Mauro and Niehues, Jan and St{\"uker, Sebastian and Bentivogli, Luisa and Cattoni, Rolando and Federico, Marcello

dec # " 8-9"

2016

Seattle, Washington D.C

International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation

https://aclanthology.org/2016.iwslt-1.13/

Le, Ngoc-Tien and Lecouteux, Benjamin and Besacier, Laurent

Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Spoken Language Translation

null

This paper aims to unravel the automatic quality assessment for spoken language translation (SLT). More precisely, we propose several effective estimators based on our estimation of transcription (ASR) quality, translation (MT) quality, or both (combined and joint features using ASR and MT information). Our experiments provide an important opportunity to advance the understanding of the prediction quality of words in a SLT output that were revealed by MT and ASR features. These results could be applied to interactive speech translation or computer-assisted translation of speeches and lectures. For reproducible experiments, the code allowing to call our WCE-LIG application and the corpora used are made available to the research community.

null

62,059

inproceedings

nguyen-etal-2016-ioit

The {IOIT} {E}nglish {ASR} system for {IWSLT} 2016

Cettolo, Mauro and Niehues, Jan and St{\"uker, Sebastian and Bentivogli, Luisa and Cattoni, Rolando and Federico, Marcello

dec # " 8-9"

2016

Seattle, Washington D.C

International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation

https://aclanthology.org/2016.iwslt-1.14/

Nguyen, Van Huy and Phung, Trung-Nghia and Vu, Tat Thang and Luong, Chi Mai

Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Spoken Language Translation

null

This paper describes the speech recognition system of IOIT for IWSLT 2016. Four single DNN-based systems were developed to produce the 1st-pass lattices for the test sets using a baseline language model. The 2nd-pass lattices were further obtained by applying N-best list rescoring on topic adapted language models which were constructed from closed topic sentences by applying a text selection method. The final transcriptions of test sets were finally produced by combining the rescored results. On the 2013 evaluation set, we are able to reduce the word error rate of 1.62{\%} absolute. On the 2014, provided as a development set, the word error rate of our transcription is 11.3{\%}.

null

62,060