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Historical linguistics
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Historical linguistics (also called diachronic linguistics) is the scientific study of language change over time. Five of the principal concerns of historical linguistics are: (a) to describe and account for observed changes in particular languages, (b) to reconstruct the pre-history of languages and determine their relatedness, grouping them into language families (comparative linguistics), (c) to develop general theories about how and why language changes, (d) to describe the history of speech communities, and (e) to study the history of words, i.e. etymology.[citation needed]
History and development[edit]
At first, historical linguistics was comparative linguistics. Scholars were concerned chiefly with establishing language families and reconstructing prehistoric proto-languages, using the comparative method and internal reconstruction. The focus was initially on the well-known Indo-European languages, many of which had long written histories; the scholars also studied the Uralic languages, another European language family for which less early written material exists. Since then, there has been significant comparative linguistic work expanding outside of European languages as well, such as on the Austronesian languages and various families of Native American languages, among many others. Comparative linguistics is now, however, only a part of a more broadly conceived discipline of historical linguistics. For the Indo-European languages, comparative study is now a highly specialised field. Most research is being carried out on the subsequent development of these languages, in particular, the development of the modern standard varieties.
Some scholars have undertaken studies attempting to establish super-families, linking, for example, Indo-European, Uralic, and other families into Nostratic. These attempts have not been accepted widely. The information necessary to establish relatedness becomes less available as the time depth is increased. The time-depth of linguistic methods is limited due to chance word resemblances and variations between language groups, but a limit of around 10,000 years is often assumed. The dating of the various proto-languages is also difficult; several methods are available for dating, but only approximate results can be obtained.
Diachronic and synchronic analysis[edit]
Initially, all modern linguistics was historical in orientation. Even the study of modern dialects involved looking at their origins. Ferdinand de Saussure's distinction between synchronic and diachronic linguistics is fundamental to the present day organization of the discipline. Primacy is accorded to synchronic linguistics, and diachronic linguistics is defined as the study of successive synchronic stages. Saussure's clear demarcation, however, has had both defenders and critics.
In linguistics, a synchronic analysis is one that views linguistic phenomena only at a given time, usually the present, though a synchronic analysis of a historical language form is also possible. This may be distinguished from diachronic, which regards a phenomenon in terms of developments through time. Diachronic analysis is the main concern of historical linguistics; however most other branches of linguistics are concerned with some form of synchronic analysis.
In practice, a purely synchronic linguistics is not possible for any period before the invention of the gramophone, as written records always lag behind speech in reflecting linguistic developments. Written records are difficult to date accurately before the development of the modern title page. Often dating must rely on contextual historical evidence such as inscriptions, or, modern technology such as carbon dating can be used to ascertain dates of varying accuracy. Also, the work of sociolinguists on linguistic variation has shown synchronic states are not uniform: the speech habits of older and younger speakers differ in ways that point to language change. Synchronic variation is linguistic change in progress.
Synchronic and diachronic approaches can reach quite different conclusions. For example, a Germanic strong verb like English sing - sang - sung is irregular when viewed synchronically: the native speaker's brain processes these as learned forms, whereas the derived forms of regular verbs are processed quite differently, by the application of productive rules (for example, adding -ed to the basic form of a verb as in walk - walked). This is an insight of psycholinguistics, relevant also for language didactics, both of which are synchronic disciplines. However a diachronic analysis will show that the strong verb is the remnant of a fully regular system of internal vowel changes; historical linguistics seldom uses the category "irregular verb".
The comparative method is one of the principal tools of research in diachronic linguistics. Less-standard techniques, such as mass lexical comparison, are used by some linguists to overcome the limitations of the comparative method, but most linguists regard them as unreliable.
The findings of historical linguistics are often used as a basis for hypotheses about the groupings and movements of peoples, particularly in the prehistoric period. In practice, however, it is often unclear how to integrate the linguistic evidence with the archaeological or genetic evidence. For example, there are numerous theories concerning the homeland and early movements of the Proto-Indo-Europeans, each with its own interpretation of the archaeological record.
Sub-fields of study[edit]
Comparative linguistics[edit]
Comparative linguistics (originally comparative philology) is a branch of historical linguistics that is concerned with comparing languages in order to establish their historical relatedness. Languages may be related by convergence through borrowing or by genetic descent, thus languages can change and are also able to cross-relate.
Genetic relatedness implies a common origin or proto-language. Comparative linguistics has the goal of constructing language families, reconstructing proto-languages, and specifying the changes that have resulted in the documented languages. To maintain a clear distinction between attested language and reconstructed forms, comparative linguists prefix an asterisk to any form that is not found in surviving texts.
Etymology is the study of the history of words—when they entered a language, from what source, and how their form and meaning have changed over time. A word may enter a language as a loanword (i.e., as a word from one language adopted by speakers of another language), through derivational morphology by combining pre-existing elements in the language, by a hybrid of these two processes called phono-semantic matching, or in several other minor ways.
In languages with a long and detailed history, etymology makes use of philology, the study of how words change from culture to culture over time. Etymologists also apply the methods of comparative linguistics to reconstruct information about languages that are too old for any direct information (such as writing) to be known. By analyzing related languages with a technique known as the comparative method, linguists can make inferences, about their shared parent language and its vocabulary. In this way, word roots that can be traced all the way back to the origin of, for instance, the Indo-European language family have been found. Although originating in the philological tradition, much current etymological research is done in language families for which little or no early documentation is available, such as Uralic and Austronesian.
Main article: Dialectology
Dialectology is the scientific study of linguistic dialect, the varieties of a language that are characteristic of particular groups, based primarily on geographic distribution and their associated features. This is in contrast to variations based on social factors, which are studied in sociolinguistics, or variations based on time, which are studied in historical linguistics. Dialectology treats such topics as divergence of two local dialects from a common ancestor and synchronic variation.
Dialectologists are concerned with grammatical features that correspond to regional areas. Thus, they are usually dealing with populations living in specific locales for generations without moving, but also with immigrant groups bringing their languages to new settlements.
Main article: Sound change
Phonology is a sub-field of linguistics which studies the sound system of a specific language or set of languages. Whereas phonetics is about the physical production and perception of the sounds of speech, phonology describes the way sounds function within a given language or across languages.
An important part of phonology is studying which sounds are distinctive units within a language. For example, the "p" in "pin" is aspirated while the "p" in "spin" is not. In English these two sounds are used in complementary distribution and are therefore not used to differentiate words and so are considered allophones of the same phoneme. In some other languages, for example Thai and Quechua, this same difference of aspiration or non-aspiration does differentiate words and these two sounds phones are therefore considered phonemes.
The principles of phonological theory have also been applied to the analysis of sign languages, although the phonological units do not consist of sounds. The principles of phonological analysis can be applied independently of modality because they are designed to serve as general analytical tools, not language-specific ones.
Morphology is the study of the formal means of expression in a language; in the context of historical linguistics, how the formal means of expression change over time; for instance, languages with complex inflectional systems tend to be subject to a simplification process. This field studies the internal structure of words as a formal means of expression.[1]
Rates of change and varieties of adaptation[edit]
The terms "conservative" and "innovative" are often used in historical linguistics to characterize the extent of change occurring in a particular language or dialect as compared with related varieties. In particular, a conservative variety has changed relatively less than an innovative variety. These descriptive terms carry no value judgment. A particularly conservative variety that preserves features that have long since vanished elsewhere is sometimes said to be "archaic".
See also[edit]
Citations and notes[edit]
1. ^ A formal language is a set of words, i.e. finite strings of letters or symbols. The inventory from which these letters are taken is the alphabet through which the language is defined. A formal language is often defined by means of a formal grammar, but it does not describe their semantics (i.e., what they mean).
• Bernd Kortmann: English Linguistics: Essentials, Anglistik-Amerikanistik, Cornlesen, pp. 37-49
Further reading[edit]
• Karl Brugmann, Berthold Delbrück, Grundriß der vergleichenden Grammatik der indogermanischen Sprachen (1886–1916).
• Henry M. Hoenigswald, Language change and linguistic reconstruction (Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press 1960).
• A. C. Partridge, Tudor to Augustan English: a Study in Syntax and Style, from Caxton to Johnson, in series, The Language Library, London: A. Deutsch, 1969; 242 p. SBN 233-96092-9
• R. L. Trask (ed.), Dictionary of Historical and Comparative Linguistics (Fitzroy Dearborn, 2001) ISBN 1-57958-218-4
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Diffusion coefficients of ions in water
by vinayakp
Tags: coefficients, diffusion, ions, water
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Aug15-08, 01:20 PM
P: 4
Please provide me Diffusion coefficients of following ions in water at different temparatures (25 deg celcius, 75, 125, 300 etc)
1. Fe2+
2. H2O
3. Fe(OH)+
4. Fe(OH)2(aq)
5. H+
6. OH-
7. CO3-2
8. H2CO3
9. HCO3-
10. Na+
11. Cl-
12. FeCl+
14. CH3COO-
15. Fe( CH3COO)+
16. Fe( CH3COO)2
17. SO4-2
18. HSO4-
19. NaSO4-
20. H2S(aq)
21. HS-
22. S-2
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Animals first flex their muscles
Aug20-08, 04:49 PM
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Please show some initiative and effort.
Are these data not in one's textbook? Does one not have reference materials at one's school?
One can also search the internet with Google.
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Strong earthquake rattles southern Alaska - 13 WTHR Indianapolis
Strong earthquake rattles southern Alaska
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The center says the quake is an aftershock to a magnitude 7.5 temblor that struck on January 4. That quake sparked a tsunami warning for hundreds of miles along the Alaska and Canadian coasts, but it was canceled after a few hours when no damaging waves were generated.
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HomeResearchDecoding Somatosensation of Pain, Itch, and Gentle Touch
Our Scientists
Decoding Somatosensation of Pain, Itch, and Gentle Touch
Research Summary
Xinzhong Dong is using the mouse as a model system to study somatosensation of pain, itch, and gentle touch.
Primary sensory neurons in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) are highly diverse. Activation of small- to medium-diameter DRG neurons can generate different types of somatosensation, including pain, itch, and tactile sensation. The behavioral responses to these sensations are specific and distinct. For instance, pain causes a withdrawal response (to avoid tissue injury) and itch causes a scratching response (to remove irritants and suppress itch). However, the detailed cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying each of these sensations are not completely understood, especially for itch and tactile sensation. The major difficulties in tackling the problem are the lack of molecular markers that label specific subpopulations of small- to medium-diameter neurons in DRG and the lack of cell surface receptors directly activated by specific sensory stimuli.
My goal is to understand how these three sensations are initiated by DRG neurons. To achieve this, we isolated many mouse genes specifically expressed in small- to medium-diameter neurons but not in other types of sensory neurons. In a multidisciplinary approach, we use mouse genetics, behavioral assays, electrophysiology, biochemistry, and molecular biology to study the functions of the genes in somatosensation. Since some of these genes are exclusively expressed in DRG neurons, we have used them to study the axon projection patterns of neurons expressing the genes. Based on these functional and circuitry analyses, we believe that we now have the molecular tools essential for studying all three somatosensations initiated by these neurons.
Pain Signaling and Modulation
Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) is a molecular sensor of noxious heat and capsaicin. Its channel activity can be modulated by several mechanisms, including interaction with phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2). PIP2 constitutes less than 1 percent of membrane phospholipids and does not diffuse freely in the membrane. It has been speculated that PIP2-sensitive channels interact with other PIP2-binding proteins. We identified a novel membrane protein, Pirt, as a regulator of TRPV1. Pirt is highly expressed in most pain-sensing neurons in the DRG, including TRPV1-positive cells, but not in the central nervous system.
Pirt-null mice show impaired responsiveness to noxious heat and capsaicin. Noxious heat- and capsaicin-sensitive currents in Pirt-deficient DRG neurons are significantly attenuated. These mutant phenotypes resemblethose observed in TRPV1/mice, although they are less severe. Heterologous expression of Pirt strongly enhances TRPV1-mediated currents. The C-terminus of Pirt binds to TRPV1 and several phosphoinositides, including PIP2, and can potentiate TRPV1. The PIP2 binding is dependent on the cluster of basic residues in the Pirt C-terminus and is crucial for Pirt regulation of TRPV1. The enhancement of TRPV1 by PIP2 requires Pirt. Therefore, Pirt is a key component of the TRPV1 complex and positively regulates TRPV1 activity. We also found that Pirt can potentially regulate another PIP2-sensitive TRP channel, TRPM8, a molecular sensor for cold temperature and menthol. Numerous studies have shown that PIP2 regulates various ion channels, including TRPs, voltage-gated potassium, calcium, and sodium channels. Thus, our research is not only relevant to the TRP field but also has implications for the general understanding of ion channel regulation.Manipulating the interaction between TRPV1 and Pirt may be a novel mechanism for analgesia.
Decoding Itch Sensation
Itch (formally known as pruritus) has been defined as an unpleasant sensation that elicits the desire or reflex to scratch. Itch-sensing neurons in DRG can be broadly divided into two classes: histamine-sensitive and histamine-insensitive neurons. Histamine-induced itch in human skin can be almost completely blocked by histamine receptor H1 antagonists. The histamine blockade is ineffective, however, in many other itch conditions, such as dermatitis, drug-induced side effects, and mechanically induced itch, suggesting the existence of histamine-independent types of itch. The major hurdles in studying histamine-independent itch are the lack of molecular markers that label the responsive neurons and the lack of membrane receptors directly activated by the histamine-unrelated itch-inducing agents.
We recently identified a membrane receptor that is specifically expressed in a subset of DRG neurons and directly mediates chloroquine (CQ)-induced itch. CQ is a drug that has been used in the treatment and prevention of malaria. CQ-induced itch, which is common among black Africans, is not considered a cause of allergic reaction, since pruritus is noted after first exposure. The CQ-induced itch side effect cannot be treated effectively by antihistamine drugs, suggesting a histamine-independent pathway is involved.
Previous studies show that subcutaneous injection of CQ in wild-type mice immediately evokes a pronounced scratching behavior. Strikingly, in CQ receptordeficient mice that we have generated, CQ-induced itch is severely reduced. On the contrary, histamine-induced effects in the mutant animals are the same as those in wild-type mice, implying that this receptor specifically regulates CQ signaling. In addition, expression of the mouse and human genes for the CQ receptor in heterologous cells renders them sensitive to CQ. These data suggest that we have identified an endogenous receptor for CQ. More significantly, we now have a molecular tool to study the subpopulation of DRG neurons that is crucial for mediating histamine-independent itch.
Labeling Tactile Afferents
The skin detects both pleasant and unpleasant stimuli. Although nociception has been extensively studied, the mechanisms underlying pleasant sensations are less well understood. Innocuous mechanical stimuli are detected both by myelinated afferents and unmyelinated, C-fiber tactile (CT) afferents. Although it has been almost 70 years since CT afferents were discovered, their properties and functions remain elusive. In humans, CT fibers respond to gentle stroking, are present only in hairy skin, and engage cortical areas involved in emotion. CT afferents have not been identified in mice, limiting their study.
We employed molecular genetic methods to label a rare population of small-diameter sensory neurons that express the Mas-related G proteincoupled receptor B4 (MrgprB4). These neurons exclusively innervate hairy skin. The large (~1 mm2), scattered peripheral arbors of these neurons are similar to the receptive fields of human CT afferents. Furthermore, these neurons project to spinal lamina IIo, whose ascending projections selectively engage limbic areas. These data suggest that MrgprB4 may identify CT afferents in mice, a genetically tractable animal model. Recent studies conducted on a patient lacking large-diameter myelinated afferents showed that activation of CT afferents evokes strong responses in a limbic-related cortex (insular area) but not in somatosensory area S1 or S2. This suggests that CT afferents may be involved in the emotional perception of light stroking but not the cognitive aspects. Therefore, MrgprB4 may provide us a useful molecular tool to study the role of CT afferents in affiliative and social behaviors.
With these DRG-specific genes in hand, we are in a position to decode all three somatosensations. We would like to answer several questions: Are these sensations mediated by the same or distinct subsets of DRG neurons? Are neuronal circuitries for these sensations segregated in the spinal cord? How do they interact with each other in higher orders of neurons? Which membrane proteins are responsible for transducing histamine-independent itch and pleasant touch in sensory endings? Our research may have direct clinical applications in treating chronic pain and itch.
Grants from the National Institutes of Health and the Blaustein Pain Fund provided partial support for these projects.
As of May 30, 2012
Scientist Profile
Early Career Scientist
The Johns Hopkins University
Molecular Biology, Neuroscience
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[ print ]
Professor of Biology and Mathematics, Harvard University; coathor, SuperCooperators
Inclusive Fitness
This year marks the 50th anniversary of the introduction of inclusive fitness, the highly influential idea which supposedly explains how insects evolve complex societies, and how natural selection can lead to altruism among relatives.
This mainstay of sociobiology is based on the 1964 work of the English evolutionary biologist, William Hamilton, who coined the following definition:
Inclusive fitness may be imagined as the personal fitness which an individual actually expresses in its production of adult offspring as it becomes after it has been first stripped and then augmented in a certain way. It is stripped of all components which can be considered as due to the individual’s social environment, leaving the fitness which he would express if not exposed to any of the harms or benefits of that environment. This quantity is then augmented by certain fractions of the quantities of harm and benefit which the individual himself causes to the fitnesses of his neighbours. The fractions in question are simply the coefficients of relationship appropriate to the neighbours whom he affects: unity for clonal individuals, one-half for sibs, one-quarter for half-sibs, one-eighth for cousins,… and finally zero for all neighbours whose relationship can be considered negligibly small.
Modern formulations of inclusive fitness theory use different relatedness coefficients but all other aspects of Hamilton's definition remain intact.
Leaving aside the inelegance of Hamilton's original formulation, there is a basic problem with inclusive fitness: you can prove mathematically that inclusive fitness does not apply to the vast majority of evolutionary processes. The reason is simple. Fitness effects cannot in general be written as the sum of components caused by pairwise interactions. This loss of additivity typically occurs when the outcome of a social interaction depends on the strategies of more than one individual. All mathematically meaningful approaches to inclusive fitness realize these limitations. Thus, inclusive fitness becomes a very particular way to calculate evolution: it works in some cases, but not in general. Moreover, if an inclusive fitness calculation can be performed, it gives the same answer as a standard calculation of fitness and natural selection. The latter approach is usually simple and direct.
These mathematical facts make uncomfortable reading for overly enthusiastic proponents of inclusive fitness. In the most extreme cases, they come over as followers of a cult who believe that inclusive fitness is an important extension of the theory of evolution and "always true." In order to maintain the idea that inclusive fitness can always be calculated, a method has been devised that casts any evolutionary change in terms of virtual cost and benefit parameters, which appear as regression coefficients in a statistical analysis. The problem with adopting this statistical approach is that the resulting cost and benefit parameters are meaningless quantities in the sense that they do not explain what is going on in a theoretical model or in empirical data.
Why do we have inclusive fitness? Hamilton's original goal was to find a quantity that is maximized by evolution. This view is attractive: winners of the evolutionary process should be individuals with the highest inclusive fitness. But such an attempt is very much in the spirit of the linear thinking of the 1960s before the likes of Robert May showed us how nonlinear phenomena apply to ecology, population genetics, and evolutionary game theory. From the 1970s onwards we actually understood that evolution does not permit a single quantity that is always maximized. This fact still has to sink in with many in the inclusive fitness community.
What shall we use instead of inclusive fitness? Inclusive fitness seeks to explain social evolution on the level of the individual. For most evolutionary processes, however, the individual is the wrong unit of analysis, because the population structure is complicated and the same genes are present in different types of individuals. Therefore, we have to go to the level of genes. A straightforward approach is to calculate how natural selection changes the frequency of genetic mutations that affect social behavior. These calculations, which do not use inclusive fitness, can identify the key parameters that need to be measured to improve understanding. On the level of genes there is no inclusive fitness.
We have a strong and meaningful mathematical theory of evolution. Natural selection, mutation and population structure are concepts that can be clearly investigated with mathematical formalism. Everyone who understands the mathematical theory of evolution realizes that there is no problem that would require the calculation of inclusive fitness. Calculating inclusive fitness is an optional exercise, one that is best done when a problem is already completely understood. Then in some cases, inclusive fitness can be used to re-derive the same result.
To be fair, over the years inclusive fitness has stimulated much empirical and theoretical work, some of which has been useful. It has induced a discussion of cost, benefit and relatedness in sociobiology, which has some merit. But the dominant and unfortunate impact has been the suppression of meaningful mathematical theories in wide areas of sociobiology.
Contrary to what is often claimed there exists no empirical test of inclusive fitness theory; nobody has ever performed an actual inclusive fitness calculation for a real population. Inclusive fitness was originally understood as a crude heuristic that can guide intuition in some cases, but not in general. It is only in recent years that inclusive fitness has been elevated—mostly by mediocre theoreticians—to a religious belief, which is universal, unconstrained and always true. Understanding the limitations of inclusive fitness gives us now the opportunity to develop mathematical descriptions of key phenomena in social evolution. It is time to abandon inclusive fitness and focus on a meaningful interaction between theory and experiment in sociobiology.
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Basically, there are 3 separate mehalchim 1. Just drink the wine or grape juice yourself (no difference b/t the two) (Mechaber) 2. Find a child and he should drink it; if you cant find one - then drink it yourself (Rema) 3. Beer - (Aruch Hashulchan) Each of these views have a wide following among acharonim and contemporary poskim. Most Sefardim follow the ...
Most of the shi'tot were covered in other answers While the Ramo recommended giving the wine to a child, the Mishna Brurah ((651:70)) pointed out that this cannot just be “any child.” The child utilized must have reached the age of training for brachos and will drink the proper amount, but not yet reached the age of training to mourn over Yerushalayim. ...
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Question Types
Start With
Question Limit
of 42 available terms
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5 Written Questions
5 Matching Questions
1. luster, streak, hardness and density
2. light or gentle slope
3. pangaea
4. ore
5. cleavage and fracture
1. a a mineral deposit large enough and pure enough to be mined for a profit
2. b properties we use to identify minerals
3. c two most common elements in Earth's crust
4. d contour lines that are widely spaced
5. e all continents put together
5 Multiple Choice Questions
1. foliated
2. naturally preserved evidence of an animal's activities
3. renewable resources
4. rock's texture is defined by the ? of the grains
5. a process in which rock and soil are stripped
5 True/False Questions
1. colorcavity in ground/rock where a plant/animal was buried
2. relative datingtelling if an object/event is younger or older than other objects/events
3. molda not always reliable property used to identify minerals
4. fossil fuelsprocess used in nuclear power
5. 20 feet would have contour lines every 20 feethow do you find a contour interval
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System Administration Guide: Devices and File Systems
System Administrator RCM Script (Task Map)
The following task map describes the tasks for a system administrator who is creating an RCM script to do site customization.
For Instructions
1. Identify the resources to be dynamically removed.
Identify the resources (device names) to be potentially removed by using the cfgadm -l command.
2. Identify the applications to be stopped.
Identify the commands for stopping the applications cleanly.
Application documentation
3. Identify the commands for pre-removal and post-removal of the resource.
Identify the actions to be taken before and after the resource is removed.
4. Write the RCM script.
Write the RCM script based on the information identified in tasks 1-3.
Tape Backup RCM Script Example
5. Install the RCM script.
Add the script to the appropriate script directory.
How to Install an RCM Script
6. Test the RCM script.
How to Test an RCM Script
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Audio slideshow: War through an artist's eyes
In the age of digital photography and 24 hour news, war artists might not have the same role as they once did - but their work still offers a unique insight into life on the front line.
Images courtesy Arabella Dorman.
Slideshow production: Stuart Hughes and Paul Kerley.
Publication 13 May 2009.
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Weirdest Regional Foods
Geoduck Clam, Pacific Northwest
The leathery siphon protruding from the six-inch shell of this odd-looking deep-water clam can reach up to three feet in length. Geoduck (pronounced goo-ee-duck) hail from the coasts of Washington State and British Columbia, typically weigh about three pounds, and can live to be 100 years old. At Shiro’s Sushi Restaurant in Seattle, sushi master Shiro Kashiba thinly slices the sweet, chewy siphon and serves it as sashimi; the tender body meat is sautéed in butter with shiitake mushrooms and asparagus.
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Bedrock Geology - Frequently Asked Questions
Q1. What is bedrock? Back
Bedrock is the solid rock that makes up the earth's crust. It forms a continuous foundation beneath the whole state, but in most of Maine, bedrock is covered by some thickness of surficial sediments, soil, and vegetation. Bedrock, or ledge, is commonly encountered in shallow excavation projects, such as digging for foundations or blasting for road construction. In addition, there are widespread natural exposures of bedrock on hilltops, where overlying materials have not accumulated, or along streambeds and shorelines where bedrock has been washed clean. Maine has an abundance of boulders and stones in the glacial deposits that do not qualify as bedrock since they are no longer solidly attached below ground, but they can be just as troublesome for drilling and excavation projects.
Q2. I want to drill a well or do excavation work. How far down is it to bedrock? Back
Compared to many parts of the world, surficial materials in Maine are relatively thin, generally less than 50 feet, and rarely over 100 feet. That having been said, the bedrock surface in Maine is quite irregular, and difficult to predict in detail. If it is necessary to know the depth to bedrock precisely, specific work at the site is required, such as test borings or geophysical surveys (by seismic refraction, or ground-penetrating radar). This is done for bridges and major engineering projects. For less critical situations, the MGS produces four series of maps that include data on bedrock depth for specific points, and these may be helpful depending on the complexity of the local geology:
• Surficial geologic maps show areas of "thin drift", by an overprint pattern. In these areas, the geologist interprets bedrock to be 10 feet or less below the surface.
• Surficial materials maps show measured thicknesses of surficial materials and depth to bedrock from well logs and test borings at specific places where information is available.
• Detailed bedrock geologic maps show locations of bedrock outcrops, which are places where the bedrock is at the ground surface.
• Bedrock groundwater resource maps show overburden thickness as estimated by water well drillers. This information is presented in groupings of 0-5 ft, 5-10 ft, 10-15 ft, 15-25 ft, etc.
These maps are helpful in giving an idea of what is typical for an area, but they do not make exact predictions for specific places.
Q3. What kinds of rocks make up the bedrock of Maine? Back
Taken as a whole, Maine's bedrock comprises a vast array of rock types, some common and some rare, each with variations in mineral content, color, texture, and structure. Geologists classify rocks and assign them names based on certain basic characteristics, but the degree of natural variation is almost limitless. All three major rock groups - sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic - are represented in Maine.
Here is an abbreviated list of Maine rock types. Sedimentary rocks: shale, mudstone, siltstone, various sandstones, arkose, graywacke, chert, limestone, conglomerate. Igneous rocks (volcanic): basalt, andesite, dacite, rhyolite, various tuffs and breccias. Igneous rocks (plutonic): granite, pegmatite, quartz monzonite, syenite, diorite, diabase, gabbro. Metamorphic rocks: slate, phyllite, schist, granofels, various gneisses, marble, quartzite, greenstone, amphibolite, serpentinite, calc-silicate rocks, hornfels, migmatite, mylonite.
For the distribution of rock types across Maine, refer to bedrock geologic maps. For photos and descriptions of bedrock sites, take a virtual tour (pdf format - 1.8 Mb), or visit our field localities pages.
Q4. Where in Maine can I find granite (or limestone, or some other particular kind of bedrock)? Back
Bedrock geologic maps show where different kinds of bedrock are found. The general statewide distribution of rock types is shown on the Bedrock Geologic Map of Maine. It can guide you to areas of the state that have the type of bedrock you are interested in. Many rock bodies in Maine are very small or have irregular shapes, so more detailed bedrock maps will be needed to find locations on the ground. References to many detailed maps are given on the sidebar of the Bedrock Geologic Map of Maine itself. Additional maps and reports may be found through a KEYWORD SEARCH of our publication search page.
If you are looking for commercial sources of Maine stone or aggregate, there are many local suppliers of construction aggregate, building stone, or landscaping stone across the state. Look in the phone book or search the internet, keeping in mind that in the global market local suppliers provide stone that comes from outside Maine.
The USGS compiles annual mineral industry reports that estimate the volume and value of mineral resources produced in Maine. A list of active licensed quarries is maintained by the Mining Coordinator of the Maine Department of Environmental Protection. This list significantly under-represents existing Maine stone resources, since small or inactive quarries are not required to be licensed. In addition, a certain amount of stockpiled Maine stone may be available from quarries or dealers that are not actively quarrying.
Q5. How can I get a bedrock map for my town? Back
Geologic maps are normally published by rectangular areas called "quadrangles" (defined by a uniform latitude-longitude grid), not by town. In a few cases, a mapping project may concentrate on a particular geologic feature, producing a map of an irregular geographic area. To find available maps that cover your town, go to the MGS publication search page, and do a GEOGRAPHIC SEARCH by Town. Be aware that the available level of detail is not uniform across the State, so some areas may be covered only by the generalized State map.
Q6. Is the rock at Two Lights State Park petrified wood? Back
Although some pieces have a strong resemblance to old weatherbeaten wood, the rocks along the southeastern shore of Cape Elizabeth and Scarboro are metamorphic rocks derived from sandstones. The sheet-like structure that looks like wood grain is a metamorphic foliation produced by aligned silicate minerals that grew under pressure at depth in the earth. This internal metamorphic structure causes the rocks to break into jagged pieces like a splintered log. But their derivation from sedimentary rock is clearly demonstrated by the sedimentary layers that can be seen in many places. (For more, see our Field Locality page for Two Lights State Park (PDF, 1.3Mb).)
Q7. Is Mount Katahdin a volcano? Back
There is a grain of truth to this myth, in that there are ancient volcanic rocks preserved nearby, in northern Baxter State Park, but none of the mountains of Maine's modern landscape are actually volcanos. Volcanos are landforms that were constructed by volcanic processes. All Maine's mountains are erosional remnants. The rocks of Mt. Katahdin, in fact, are not volcanic rocks at all, but are granite, an igneous rock that forms by slow cooling of molten rock beneath the earth's surface. It cannot be denied that the view of Mt. Katahdin from the northeast, with its bowl-shaped cirques carved by glaciers, superficially resembles that of a volcanic complex with summit calderas (compare with Mount St. Helens). The low-lying surrounding topography, underlain by more easily eroded sedimentary rocks, enhances the stand-alone effect.
Q8. How did Maine's mountains form? Back
Maine's present landscape has formed primarily by erosion. Even the tops of mountains have bedrock that formed at depth in the earth and has been uplifted and eroded. Our mountains are simply places where the bedrock has been worn down less than the bedrock of the neighboring areas. Different rocks resist erosion to different degrees, depending on their composition, texture, and structure. This phenomenon, termed differential erosion, accounts for the main landscape features of geologically old mountain belts such as the Appalachians.
Q9. Are there caves in Maine? Back
Yes. Many small caves of various types have been discovered in Maine. Some are below ground, but many are openings on steep slopes or cliffs. The local chapter of the National Speleological Society, the Boston Grotto, provides information and training about "caving." One of their members, Eric Hendrickson, has created a comprehensive web page about Maine caves. Anyone interested in visiting caves should be familiar with the Maine Cave Protection Act, which respects private landowner rights as well as the natural, historical, and archaeological value of caves.
Q10. How old is the bedrock of Maine? Back
The oldest reliable age determined for a Maine rock is 647 million years old (with analytical uncertainty of 3.7 million years), for a pegmatite near Islesboro in Penobscot Bay. Interestingly, this pegmatite cuts through rocks of the Seven Hundred Acre Island Formation, so we know that that formation is older than the pegmatite, but we don't know by how much.
Individual mineral grains from the Chain Lakes massif, north of Eustis, have yielded a wide spectrum of ages, the oldest dated at about 2800 million years old (that's 2.8 billion). These old grains are interpreted as a variety of sedimentary grains shed from an older continent and incorporated into a younger sedimentary rock. The rock itself is about 485 million years old. So while this rock is not as old as the pegmatite in Penobscot Bay, it contains within it a few tiny mineral grains that are very old indeed.
The vast majority of Maine rocks are of Early Paleozoic age, from about 360 to about 510 million years old, representing 150 million years of earth history. Episodes of sporadic geologic activity occurred at younger times, producing relatively small amounts of igneous rock in restricted areas at around 290-300 million years ago, 200 million years ago, and 120 million years ago. The youngest bedrock known in Maine so far is a small igneous body in the town of Parsonsfield, the Randall Mountain stock, which has been dated at 104 million years old (with 4 million year uncertainty).
Last updated on March 29, 2013
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Speaking of hockey masks....
BATTLESTAR 4.14 "A Disquiet Follows My Soul"
One question the characters on Battlestar Galactica can be certain the answer is always yes to is "Can it get any worse than this?"
The fleet has now left the decimated planet Earth and is going to begin searching for a brand new habitable planet. The Cylons have the means to increase the probability of finding such a planet before the people of Galactica run out of food or fuel for their ships- They will add Cylon engines to the human ships, making the ships move at 3 times the speed.
Obama's alien relatives fly over his inauguration
THE INSATIABLE IRONBABE: Avenginas...assemble!
Starring Darian Caine, Jackie Stevens, Kerri Taylor
Directed by John Bacchus
Seduction Cinema
Review by Louis Fowler
You know what IRON MAN was missing?
Xbox Live Arcade The Maw
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Skip to definition.
Noun: peroxide pu'rók,sId
- hydrogen peroxide
2. An inorganic compound containing the divalent ion -O-O-
Verb: peroxide pu'rók,sId
1. Bleach with peroxide
"She must peroxide her hair-it looks unnaturally blond"
Derived forms: peroxiding, peroxides, peroxided
Type of: bleach, oxidant, oxide, oxidiser [Brit], oxidising agent [Brit], oxidizer, oxidizing agent
Encyclopedia: Peroxide
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Birds of a Feather
For 140 years, scientists argued over the link between modern birds and dinosaurs. The final, feathery piece of the puzzle fell into place two years ago when farmers in China unearthed the "fuzzy raptor." This 124-million-year-old fossil has the bones of a dinosaur and the feathers of a bird. Now it's flown to Europe...
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Definition of Cove
1. A retired nook; especially, a small, sheltered inlet, creek, or bay; a recess in the shore.
2. A strip of prairie extending into woodland; also, a recess in the side of a mountain.
3. A concave molding.
4. A member, whose section is a concave curve, used especially with regard to an inner roof or ceiling, as around a skylight.
5. To arch over; to build in a hollow concave form; to make in the form of a cove.
6. To brood, cover, over, or sit over, as birds their eggs.
7. A boy or man of any age or station.
Cove Translations
cove in French is anse
cove in Spanish is ensenada
cove in Swedish is bukt
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11 Easter Egg Decoration Ideas
Go beyond food coloring! Try these beautiful and clever ways to decorate with and dress up Easter eggs.
Feather Your Nest With Papier-Mâché
Take a page from the grade-school activity book with these delicate candy dishes, made using shredded brown lunch bags and sheets from an old dictionary. You can also use these nests to corral your decorated Easter eggs.
Step 1: Tightly cover a small bowl with plastic wrap, then flip the bowl upside down on wax paper. In another container, mix equal parts water and clear glue.
Step 2: Dip handfuls of shredded paper into the glue mixture, then immediately lay them on the bowl until it's covered.
Step 3: Lightly press dry paper strips along the outside to create a "nesty" look.
Step 4: Let dry for 12 hours; carefully pull the wrap off the bowl and away from the nest.
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Web Toolbar by Wibiya
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ipunkpink's Profile
open all close all
All About Me!
1. scorpio
2. smart,punk,histarical
3. 11
4. black
5. sister (younger)
6. Alyson Stoner
In A Nutshell...
1. reading
2. read
3. volleyball
4. on a bike ride
5. dog
6. he is awsome
7. calimari(fried squid)
8. jewelry
9. moutains
My Faves…
1. Total Drama Island
2. Forest Gump
3. Rihannah and Jonas Brothers
4. The Clique Series,and the twilight series theyROCK!!!!!
5. Guitar Hero and Mario Kart
6. Ashley Tisdale
Style Sense
1. Avril Lavine
2. Claires
3. vinilla or straberry lemonade
4. eyeliner
5. my Crocs
1. no but I wish
2. 1
3. A sweet smart cutie to sweep me off my feet.
4. Joe Jonas. who else??!!
1. Gemoligist
2. london
3. London
4. bye a whole bunch of desghiner stuff
5. dream big or have big dreams
1. Night Owl
2. vanilla
3. Righty
4. DVD
5. neat freak
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Alternative Spring Break: A firsthand account
Through one of Northeastern’s Alternative Spring Break programs, 11 students ventured into the Florida Everglades to clean up trash and remove invasive species from the environment.
Committed to changing lives
Micro-finance experience in South Africa and a presidential speech inspire a young Northeastern alumna to follow a path of helping others
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Default Gpe vs sense 6 radio
In sense6 version its like it doesn't hold low signal LTE as good as it could like my old note 3 would hold a low signal strength LTE without switching to hspa.
How's the radios of the gpe edition?
Sent from my HTC One_M8 using Tapatalk
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Digital Voltmeter and Ammeter Using CA3161E and CA3162E
The circuits were designed using two A/D converters to create a voltmeter and ampermeter.
• BC557 – PNP general purpose transistors used for amplification and switching due to its low current and low voltage.
• CA3162E – a monolithic analog to digital converter that provides 3 digit multiplexed BCD output with features such as availability of extended temperature range version, over range indication, maintains delay with hold inhibits conversion, high speed (96Hz) and low speed (4Hz) conversion rate, internal timing with no external clock required, differential input, capable of reading 99 mV below ground with single supply, ultra stable internal band gap voltage reference, and dual slope A/D conversion.
• CA3161E – a monolithic integrated circuit that performs the BCD to seven segment decoding function and features constant current segment drivers, low standby power dissipation, pin compatible with other industry standard decoders, eliminates the need for output current limiting resistors, constant current segment outputs, and TTL compatible input logic levels.
• 7805 – a 3-terminal 1A positive voltage regulator with output transistor safe area compensation, internal short circuit current limiter, output voltage of 5V, 12V, and 15V, internal thermal overload protection, no external components, and current output in excess of 0.5A.
• Voltmeter – a device or an instrument used for measuring the electrical potential difference between two points of either alternating current or direct current electric circuit.
• Ammeter – also known as amperemeter, is an instrument used for the measurement of electric current flow in terms of the unit called ampere.
• 7 Segment LED – is a form of electronic display device for displaying decimal numerals that is an alternative to the more complex dot-matrix displays also known as seven-segment indicator.
The circuits are designed with the combination of CA3161E and CA3162E to imposing a complete 3-digit display using a binary coded decimal to 7-segment display/decoder. The combination of the two converters offers a complete digital readout system with a minimum number of external parts. Although the circuit provides precise measurements of the voltage in the terminal and the current that flows within the circuit, they are very basic even for an inexperienced user. The CA3162E corresponds to the IC1 and IC3 in both circuits which functions as the A/D converter for 3-digit display while CA3161E corresponds to the IC2 and IC4 which drives the 7-segment decoder.
From the first figure, which represents the voltmeter, the input comes in series with resistor R1. It is then combined with resistor R3 that creates a voltage divider operation which produces an output voltage that is a fraction of its input voltage. IC1 CA3162E has its pin 10 and 11 receive the input power. The variable resistor RV1is being adjusted just enough to produce a display in the 7-segment which is zero in all the 3 digits. The external voltage in the input has value around 900 mV. The resistor RV2 will operate to adjust and rectify the 900 mV source to produce the necessary display. Doing this will require checking on the voltage for precision and good quality.
In figure 2, which represents the ampere meter, no resistor exists in the input stage thus, creating a drop in the voltage that is proportional to the value of current flowing into the circuit. Since this circuit utilizes the same type of IC, pins 10 and 11 of IC3 would be receiving the input voltage. the variable resistor RV4 will provide the necessary adjustment to provide a zero display on all the 3 digits in the 7-segment display. The positive input is connected to the positive pole of the battery while the negative input has the 10 ohm resistor at 10 W connected in the negative pole. Variable resistor RV3 is adjusted to produce 0.9 A current in the display. To ensure this value, an external ammeter is used for measurement.
Digital Voltmeter and Ammeter Using CA3161E and CA3162E
In both circuits, the voltage or current converter converts the input voltage applied between pins 10 and 11 to a current that charges the integrating capacitor (C4 and C9) for a predetermined time interval. The V/I converter will be disconnected from the integrating capacitor and a constant current source of opposite polarity is connected. The original value of the number of clock counts will be restored which elapsed before the charge. The comparator senses the restoration which in turn latches the counter. The count is then multiplexed to the BCD outputs.
Voltmeters contain very high resistance and are connected in parallel across the component through which the voltage is being measured. The black or negative lead of the voltmeter is connected normally to the negative terminal of the component like the power or battery supplies while the red or positive lead of the voltmeter to the positive side of the component. Alternatively, alligator clips can be used in case of the black lead since it can be permanently connected to 0V while the red probe measures other points for voltages.
In using the ampere meter, it should be placed in series with the component though which current is being measured. In order to prevent the reduction of that current as it flows through the device, it should be designed with a low internal resistance. Ampere meters for both AC and DC can be made of dynamometer, hot-wire, or moving-iron.
DIY Stuff
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Search for a Bellevue, WA Spanish Tutor
Subject: Zip:
66 Subjects: including Spanish, chemistry, reading, calculus
Kirkland, WA
17 Subjects: including Spanish, reading, ESL/ESOL, algebra 1
Seattle, WA
Adriana Q. ...I specially like motivating students to: - carry a fluent conversation in Spanish and feel good about being able to do it - learn more about cultural differences in Spanish-speaking countries and maybe visiting or studying abroad to practice their Spanish skills - be able to address different...
1 Subject: Spanish
Mercer Island, WA
Nathan H. ...Class schedules are constructed around student's needs, but I will be unavailable until around 3:00pm on weekdays starting Sept 15th. I will tutor for specific struggles such as pronunciation or grammar-- if a student would like to bring his/her work with her we can work on those specific assign...
Seattle, WA
Mark H. ...Astronomy has been my lifelong passion, to the point where I obtained a B.S. degree in physics & astronomy. I am fascinated by the prospects of other worlds and alien intelligences and would love to work on the search for extrasolar planets, SETI, and/or a NASA robotic mission to an outer moon of our solar system. I hope to inspire this same awe of the universe in others.
21 Subjects: including Spanish, reading, algebra 1, English
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An international team of astronomers led by the University of Central Lancashire in the UK has discovered "the largest known structure in the universe." The team says that the recently observed large quasar group — comprised of dozens of highly energetic star-like objects — has a typical size of 500 Megaparsecs, but the size of the cluster is closer to 1200 Mpc at its widest point. To put that into perspective, the distance between our own Milky Way galaxy and Andromeda is about 0.75 Mpc.
The discovery has larger implications for the study of cosmology too. Albert Einstein’s Cosmological Principle states that the universe looks the same regardless of the observation point when viewed at a large enough scale. Einstein’s principle combined with modern cosmological theories suggests that astronomers shouldn’t be able to find structures larger than 370 Mpc. This particular large quasar group isn’t the only structure to question Einstein’s theory either: the team is also looking at "similar cases which add further weight to [the] challenge." The group of astronomers say that they will continue their research in the meantime.
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Wind Chill Exposed - - Tulsa, OK - News, Weather, Video and Sports - |
Wind Chill Exposed
Posted: Updated:
Did you know that wind chill is actually a calculation rather than a measurement? The wind chill only affects objects whose temperature cannot drop below the actual air temperature. In other words, increasing heat loss occurs from a person's skin as the wind speed increases and blows the heat generated by the body away. This is why wind chill can be negated by simply covering exposed skin properly. However, wind chill does not account for sky conditions, which can greatly affect how cold a person perceives the air to be.
The National Weather Service implemented a new wind chill chart in 2001 after research concluded that the old chart overestimated the effect of wind chill. The NWS determined the effect more accurately by measuring the temperatures on various parts of a human's face while walking in a chilled wind tunnel with varying wind speeds. The results of the research led to the design of a new wind chill chart and a different mathematical equation designed to calculate it. An example of the change would be a temperature of 20 degrees F and a wind speed of 20 mph using the old chart would yield a wind chill of -10 degrees F. The same temperature and wind speed in the new chart yields a wind chill of 4 degrees. I have included the equations below for those of you interested.
Old Wind Chill T(wc)=.081 x (3.71 x sqrt(V) + 5.81 - 0.25 x V) x (T - 91.4) + 91.4
For those of you who may be allergic to decimals or exponents, here is a link to compare the two charts as well minus the mathematics:
As you can see, the new chart also has a new element. The chart will show you at what combinations of temperatures and wind that frostbite will occur in 15 minutes or less.
While wind chill can be significant in Oklahoma, it tends to have a more extreme impact in the Northern Plains than it does in Oklahoma. Personally I wouldn't be too upset if the wind didn't come sweeping down the plains quite as violently as it normally does this time of year!
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Tulsa, OK 74103
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The Social Setting of Early Christianity
STH TN 810
The focus of the course will be the economy, society, and culture of the Greco-Roman world in which the first Christians lived. The purpose of the course is to introduce the student to the social world that produced the New Testament and other early Christian literature, including martyrdoms and apologies. We will read primary and secondary sources on Roman history (early imperial period), ancient Judaism (from Alexander the Great to the revolt by the messianic figure Bar Kochba), Greco-Roman religions (with focus on the "pagan spirituality" of the ancient mystery religions), and the reaction by Roman magistrates and pagan intellectuals to the new Christian movement. Such context is essential for reconstructing the life, religion, society, and culture of the ancient Christians. (Requires TN 721 or equivalent)
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Go4Expert (http://www.go4expert.com/)
- - ALP- first 10 prime nos (http://www.go4expert.com/forums/alp-10-prime-nos-t8752/)
preethirajsekar 11Feb2008 13:52
ALP- first 10 prime nos
hi all
I want the logic of to generate 1st 10 prime nos in assembly language. logic and instructions to be used.
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Return to the Purplemath home page The Purplemath Forums
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Find a Normandy Park, WA Calculus Tutor
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Mike C. ...With me tutoring SAT Reading, you can rest assured that you are in good hands. The math section on the ACT test is 60 minutes long and contains 60 questions, with the content of these questions divided as follows (according to the ACT website): Pre-Algebra: 23% Elementary Algebra: 17% Intermedi...
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| 0.978271 |
To measure your roof pitch, mark a level at 12" from the top of the roof. Hold it perfectly level and then with a tape measure, measure the rise of the roof.
This can also be done from in the attic using the rafters as your slope guide to measure from.
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Question Types
Start With
Question Limit
of 70 available terms
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5 Written Questions
5 Matching Questions
1. IMA
Distal colon
2. Celiac axis
Stomach, liver, pancreas, duodenum
3. Urine leakage from umbilicus
Urinary tract infection
4. This is unclear.
5. Upper part of the head
Contributes to the accessory duct (of Santorini)
1. a What are some complications of a failure of the urachus lumen to obliterate?
2. b
3. c
What is the bottom circle, and what does it supply?
4. d Why does the gut return to the abdomen?
5. e
What is the top circle, and what does it supply?
5 Multiple Choice Questions
1. What sort of bowel distribution is there in a case of failure of gut rotation?
2. When does the gut form, and from what?
3. Intestinal duplication may be due to what?
4. What supplies the foregut?
5. What happens if the omphalomesenteric (vitelline) duct persists?
5 True/False Questions
1. EndodermWhat is the major hematopoietic organ of the embryo?
2. From weeks six to 10-11.During what weeks is the midgut herniated into the umbilicus?
3. Small intestine from distal duodenum
Vermiform appendix
Ascending and proximal transverse colon
4. At week six, midgut herniates in U-shaped "primary intestinal loop" into the cord.When does the midgut undergo herniation?
5. OmphaloceleWhere in the gut does a Meckel's diverticulum occur?
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The troubled history of Chechnya
3 / 13
Yuri Tutov/Reuters
Chechen rebels began fighting for independence from Moscow in the 1990s in what became known as the First Chechen War. In 1994, former Russian President Boris Yeltsin ordered Russian troops into Chechnya in an attempt to halt moves toward independence.
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Mangrove goanna
The Goanna features prominently in Aboriginal mythology and Australian folklore.
Being predatory lizards, goannas are often quite large, or at least bulky, with sharp teeth and claws. The largest is the Perentie (Varanus giganteus), which can grow over 2m in length.
Most goannas are dark in coloration, whites, greys, browns, blacks and greens featuring prominently. Many desert dwelling species also feature yellow-red tones. Camouflage ranges from bands and stripes to splotches, speckles and circles, and can change as the creature matures; juveniles sometimes being brighter than adults.
Like most lizards, goannas lay eggs. Most lay eggs in a nest or burrow, but some species lay their eggs inside termite mounds. This offers protection and incubation, additionally the termites may provide a meal for the young as they hatch. Unlike other species of lizards, goannas do not have the ability to regrow limbs or tails.
Other goannas are adapted to swampy coastal environments such as the Mangrove goanna (Varanus semiremex). Further still, the Mertens' water monitor (Water goanna – Varanus mertensi), found in lagoons and rivers across northern Australia, is streamlined for swimming, utilising its tail as a paddle. Most other goannas are good swimmers, but tend not to voluntarily venture into the water.
The diet of goannas varies greatly depending on the species and the habitat. Prey can include all manner of small animals; insects, lizards, snakes, mammals, birds, eggs.
Meals are often eaten whole, and thus the size of their meal may depend on the size of the animal itself. Many of the small species feed mostly on insects, with some being small lizard specialists. Many of the medium to large species will feed on whatever prey items they can catch. This includes eggs, fish (V. Mertensi), birds, snails, lizards, snakes, marsupials, small mammals and rodents. The giant Perentie has been observed killing a young kangaroo, and then biting out chunks of flesh like a dog.
All species are carrion eaters and will feed on the carcasses of dead animals, including livestock and other large creatures. The smell of rotting meat will attract these lizards.
Goannas and humans
Goannas also rear up when threatened, either chased or cornered, and also inflate flaps of skin around their throats and emit a harsh hissing noise.
Some goannas recover from their initial fear of humans, especially when food is involved (or food has been involved previously). This reinforces the wildlife authority's mantra of not feeding animals while camping or erstwhile adventuring. This said, most authorities doubt that a goanna will actually direct an intentional attack on human unless said human attempts to attack it (or grasp at it) first. Aborigines who hunt goannas for food consider the Perentie as a high-risk (but tasty) prey.
The debate whether goannas are venomous or not is growing. Previously it was thought that incessant bleeding caused by goanna-bites were the result of bacterial infection. Recent studies suggest that monitor lizards (including goannas) are venomous and have oral toxin-producing glands.
Other dangers a goanna presents is from its hefty tail. It can swing this much like a crocodile if cornered. Small children and dogs have been knocked down by such attacks. Often victims in goanna attacks are bystanders, watching the person antagonising the goanna. Alarmed goannas can mistake standing humans for trees and attempt to climb off the ground to safety, which is understandably painful, as well as distressing for both man and beast.
It should be noted that goannas are a protected species throughout Australia.
Culture and folklore
Goanna's had a prominent place in the culture of Indigenous Australians. This included totemic relationships, anthropomorphic representations in Dreamtime story, and as a food source.
Representations of goannas are common in Indigenous artwork, not just as food, but also as a symbolic spiritual motif. Goannas and the mighty Perentie are often considered two different animals when you used in Aboriginal works, as illlustrated by the story "How the Goanna and Perentie got their colours".
European settlers perpetuated several old wives' tales about goanna habits and abilities, some of these have persisted in modern folklore amongst campers and bushmen. This includes the above-mentioned exaggeration of goannas dragging off sheep from shepherds' flocks in the night. Around a campfire these might even be exaggerated into child-snatching, rivalling drop bears (attack koalas) as tourist scarer, probably more convincing due to the reptiles carnivorous nature and fearsome appearance.
In popular culture
The name Goanna might have been derived from iguana, as early European settlers likened goannas to the South American lizards. Over time the initial vowel sound was dropped. A similar explanation is used to link possum to the American opossum.
Another possibility is that the name might have been derived from the South African term for a monitor lizard Leguaan, as the Cape of Good Hope was a popular refresher stop for immigrant ships to Australia from Britain.
Please note this list is incomplete
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1. One of the major pieces that make up Earth's upper layer.
2. the rate at which an object is moving at a given moment in time
3. A place or object used for comparison to determine if an object is in motion
4. speed in a given direction
4 True/False Questions
1. plate tectonicsthe branch of geology studying the folding and faulting of the earth's crust
2. speedthe distance an object travels per unit of time
3. International System of Unitsa system of measurement based on multiples of ten and on established measures of mass, length, and time
4. accelerationThe rate at which velocity changes
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Master of the Game Test | Lesson Plans Mid-Book Test - Hard
Buy the Master of the Game Lesson Plans
Mid-Book Test - Hard
Name: _________________________ Period: ___________________
Short Answer Questions
1. Who do Jamie and Banda ask for a job?
2. Who invites Jamie to dinner in this section?
3. Who are the police looking for in this section?
4. How did Van der Merwe reward Banda for saving his daughter?
5. Where does Margaret take a job?
Short Essay Questions
1. Why did Van der Merwe give Banda a job at his store?
2. How does David find new work in this section?
3. How does Kate make Kruger-Brent one of the biggest conglomerates in the world?
4. How does Jamie use the guard to escape from the diamond beach?
5. How does Jamie get beaten up in this section?
6. Why does Van der Merwe make an exception of Jamie when he starts taking his daughter out into town?
7. Why does the headmistress at the Swiss school expel Eve?
8. How does Eve create trouble at the boarding school in South Carolina?
9. Why does no one recognize Jamie when he returns to Klipdrift?
10. How does Eve kill George in this section?
Essay Topics
Essay Topic 1
In what does the author suggest there is a attraction between James and Margaret? Why does James shy away from the attraction that he feels for Margaret? How does James' attitude for Margaret set the standards for the Blackwell's family's attitude?
Essay Topic 2
How accurate do the students think is Sidney Sheldon's representation of powerful families? How does he use the story and character to create his representation?
Essay Topic 3
Look at the generation gap between younger and the older characters. What different experiences did each generations go through? What problems is the generation gap causing the characters?
(see the answer keys)
This section contains 776 words
(approx. 3 pages at 300 words per page)
Buy the Master of the Game Lesson Plans
Master of the Game from BookRags. (c)2014 BookRags, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Interview Question
Anonymous Interview Calgary, AB (Canada)
Give me a specific example of a time when you had to
coordinate two different groups of employees with opposing views for a project (or something like that).
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Washing Your Kigurumi
It's easy...
Turn your kigurumi inside out. This keeps the fabric from getting nappy.
Use any detergent you'd like. We also recommend adding fabric softener to keep your kigurumi from feeling stiff after you dry it.
Wash your kigurumi on "Cold" for its first cleaning. This helps the color set it. After the first wash feel free to use the "Warm" setting.
You can use the "Normal" or "Permanent Press" cycle on your washing machine. If you're worried about your kigurumi, the "Gentle" cycle should also do the trick.
After the washing machine, you can either put your kigurumi in the dryer or hang it out to dry.
If you hang it out to dry, be sure to keep it out of direct sunlight.
If you use a dryer, we recommended using either the "Air Dry" or "Fluff Air" setting. You might need to run it through the dryer twice on these gentle settings.
That's it!
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Recipes Wiki
Canary melon
42,296pages on
this wiki
Canary melon
Canary melon
Name Variations Edit
About Canary melon Edit
The Canary melon is a large, bright-yellow melon with a pale green to white inner flesh. This melon has a distinctively sweet flavor that is slightly more tangy than a honeydew melon. The flesh looks like that of a pear but is softer and tastes like a cantaloupe. When ripe, the rind has a slightly waxy feel. The name comes from its bright yellow color, which resembles that of the canary. This melon is often marketed as the Juan Canary melon or "variety melons" and can be found in various sizes and shapes.
Canary melon Recipes Edit
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Steph Harvey
I just spent the last two days learning from Stephanie Harvey. (Am I lucky or what?) There are so many big things I’m thinking about. Here’s there:
1. We must live curious lives. Not curious like odd…curious like wondering and imagining and questioning. I’m planning to pay attention how curiosity plays out in my ordinary life.
2. You don’t read because you’re smart. You’re smart because you read.
3. Everyone can learn to think more expansively and extensively. We can teach strategies so students can become skillful, thoughtful, deep thinkers.
And here’s a bonus…
• There is not a shred of evidence that worksheets help kids learn (or give teachers any useful information to inform instruction).
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Arabic and Latin Glossary
Welcome to the online Arabic and Latin Glossary
The Glossary has a double aim: to improve our understanding of the Arabic influence in Europe, especially with respect to scientific vocabulary, and to provide a lexical tool for the understanding of Arabic scientific texts.
It is currently based on 37 sources, which cover medicine, philosophy, theology, astrology, astronomy, mathematics, optics, botany, and zoology. The texts were written by the following Arabic or Greek authors:
The Glossary is growing constantly. At the moment, it contains the entire letter B (bab–buz) and parts of the letter C (cac–crea).
Latest update: August 21, 2014.
Search in:
Latin Lemma
Arabic expression
English translation
input Arabic Alphabet »
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How big is Brazil compared to the United States?
The United States measures about 3,717,811 square miles while Brazil is slightly smaller at about 3,286,486 square miles. Although most map projections understate the size of Brazil compared to the United States, the two countries are actually quite close in terms of total area.
If one only takes into account the contiguous United States, which crucially excludes the 663,300 square miles that comprise the state of Alaska, the United States is slightly smaller than Brazil at 3,043,615 square miles. In terms of population, however, Brazil is a much smaller country with 199 million residents compared to the 314 million living in the United States.
Q&A Related to "How big is Brazil compared to the United States..."
Brazil is 8,714 square kilometers, and the United States is
The total area of the United States of America is approximately 3,794,101 square miles. The population of the United States is estimated to be around 308.5 million people.
The United States is about 89.5 times the size of Cuba.
1. Look at general charts of state driving laws online that highlight each state's driving laws. For example, a site operated by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology provides
Explore this Topic
An IQ of 138 is 38 points above the statistical average. People with this IQ have very superior intelligence and are almost at the genius level. An IQ of 140 ...
As of January 2013, countries that owe the United States money include Luxembourg, Switzerland, Hong Kong, Russia, Taiwan and Brazil. ...
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Famigo Says
Recommended for Kids (5 to 9)
Supports Apple (iPhone, iPod touch, iPad)
Pre-K Letters and Numbers is a fun way for kids to learn their numbers and letters. Kids trace the letters and numbers that pop-up on screen. The animations and graphics are super cute and informative.
The free version is more like a trial than a full fledged app. The game spams you with pop-ups to buy the full version. No Android version.
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Alphabet Broker
Definition of 'Alphabet Broker'
Slang terminology for a large insurance broker that is sometimes referred to according to the initials in its name. An alphabet broker, for example, would be referred to as "HIT" rather than "Hedged Investment Portfolio."
Investopedia explains 'Alphabet Broker'
Alphabet brokers are often known through their acronym name rather than the full name. For example, many more individuals are familar with the name AIG rather than American Insurance Group.
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BEGIN:VCALENDAR VERSION:1.0 PRODID:NCPR Community Calendar METHOD:PUBLISH TZ:-04 BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTART:20140403T170000Z DTEND:20140403T180000Z LOCATION:Thompson Park Zoo and Conservancy, Watertown, NY DTSTAMP:20140830T081600 SUMMARY:Cub Club Nature Program for Kids DESCRIPTION;ENCODING=QUOTED-PRINTABLE:At Cub Club, preschoolers can experience the zoo and meet some animals up close and personal! Each program will have a different focus with activities designed to help kids explore their world through positive experiences. Activities may include craf [Thompson Park Zoo and Conservancy, Watertown, NY] END:VEVENT END:VCALENDAR
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The Earth After Us by Jan Zalasiewicz
In 100 million years' time, there will be little left to show humanity was ever here, discovers Robin McKie
Imagine alien visitors arriving on Earth in the remote future. What evidence may they find to tell them intelligent beings once thrived here? What fragments of our cities, dams and factories may be detectable in, say, 100 million years' time? It is a simple but intriguing thought experiment that is explored, to some effect, in this neat little geological entertainment.
The crucial point, says the author, is that the remains of humanity's handiwork will be pitifully hard to discern. "Once a geological age or two has passed, there will be nothing but the odd bone or gold ring to say that we were ever here," he tells us.
To stress this point, the author points to the example of the Grand Canyon. "In the mile-deep chasm, the strata span 1.5 billion years. Measured on such a scale our own species span would fit into a layer just three inches thick, while our industrial record should be confined to just one-hundredth of an inch," he adds. Not much room for manoeuvre there.
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Search 75,647 tutors
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Cassini detects plastic ingredient on Saturn moon
Tuesday - 10/1/2013, 8:40pm ET
This undated image provided by NASA shows Saturn’s largest moon, Titan. NASA’s Cassini spacecraft has detected the presence of a plastic ingredient in Titan’s atmosphere, the first time the chemical has been found in a world other than Earth. (AP Photo/NASA)
PASADENA, Calif. (AP) -- You expect to find plastics in your lunch box, not on a moon of Saturn.
But that's exactly where NASA found an ingredient of plastic -- the first time the chemical has been detected on another world.
The Cassini spacecraft found small amounts of propylene, a chemical used to make storage containers and other products, in the atmosphere of Saturn's largest moon Titan.
Titan is among the few bodies in the solar system with a significant atmosphere made up of hydrocarbons.
Cassini previously detected signs that propylene might be present in Titan's hazy atmosphere. But scientists weren't convinced until one of the spacecraft's instruments measured the heat coming from Saturn and its moons, and identified the chemical.
The finding appears Monday in the Astrophysical Journal Letters.
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George Washington Carver
George Washington Carver
b. January, 1864
d. January 5, 1943
“Where there is no vision, there is no hope.”
George Washington Carver was a groundbreaking agricultural scientist, known for discovering innovative uses for peanuts, sweet potatoes and clay. A black man born during the Civil War, Carver overcame racism to establish himself as a preeminent scientist and renowned academic.
Carver was born a slave in southwest Missouri. As an infant, he was kidnapped by slave raiders and then abandoned when they discovered he suffered from whooping cough. His mother’s former owners, Moses and Susan Carver, adopted and reared him.
At the age of 13, Carver left home to attend a school for African Americans. In 1890, he matriculated to Simpson College in Iowa, where he was the only black student. In 1891, he transferred to Iowa State College to focus on his passion for agriculture. After graduating, he served as the only black member of the Iowa State faculty. Carver was invited to head the agriculture department at the Tuskegee Institute, a university for black students founded by Booker T. Washington.
As a professor, Carver encouraged students to think creatively and independently. He emphasized self-sufficiency and resilience and maintained broad interests, including painting and religion. Throughout his life, he maintained a positive approach. Even in the face of overt racism, Carver said, “I can’t do my work if my heart is bitter.”
Carver is best known for his advances in the agricultural field. He devised and taught impoverished farmers uses for nutritious, commonly grown crops. He was the first scientist to discover multiple uses for peanuts, developing products as diverse as flour, ink and face cream. He experimented with developing rubber from the sweet potato. Carver’s discoveries are seen as the basis for many products, including biofuels and fruit-based cleaning products.
In 1916, Carver was offered membership in the Royal Society of London. In 1923, he was given a Spingarn Medal by the NAACP. Simpson College awarded him an honorary degree in 1932.
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Men's Underwear Index
Definition of 'Men's Underwear Index'
An unconventional measure of how well the economy is doing based on sales of men's underwear. The reasoning behind this measure assumes that men view underwear as a necessity (not a luxury item), so sales of this product should be steady - except during severe economic downturns, when men will wait longer to buy new underwear. The notable decrease in underwear sales is said to reflect the poor overall state of the economy. Conversely, when underwear sales pick up, the economy is considered to be improving.
Investopedia explains 'Men's Underwear Index'
Former Fed Chairman Alan Greenspan subscribes to this theory, but its critics say it may not be accurate because women purchase a significant amount of underwear for men. Other critics argue that men do not buy new underwear until it's threadbare, regardless of how well the economy is doing.
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Definition of 'Rollout'
A slang term for the introduction of a new product or service to the market. A rollout often refers to a significant product release, often accompanied by a strong marketing campaign to generate a large amount of consumer hype.
Investopedia explains 'Rollout'
Rollout can also refer to the methodology behind a product's introduction. For example, some electronic companies follow a rollout strategy of keeping new products or ideas top secret until just before release.
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Antonio Vivaldi Teacher Resources
Find Antonio Vivaldi educational ideas and activities
Showing 1 - 20 of 72 resources
Young scholars study the life and music of Antonio Vivaldi. They analyze and practice playing the various parts of Concerto a la Vivaldi on recorders. They record themselves and compare their performance to that of the same composition played on oboe and bassoon.
Pupils identify music by composer Antonio Vivaldi, listen for the "form" of the music, explore life of Vivaldi, and correlate music with weather and history.
High schoolers listen to two selections of Vivaldi's "Four Seasons" symphony. In groups, they identify and describe the mood and musical elements used to represent each season using correct vocabulary. They write their observations in a paper to end the lesson plan.
By utilizing this classical music worksheet, upper elementary children listen to "Spring" from The Four Seasons by Antonio Vivaldi. They will read a biography of the composer and answer four multiple choice questions. Students follow a "music listening map" as they listen to the piece, and unscramble the names of the seasons.
Students demonstrate the events and feelings of spring through movement. They listen to and discuss Vivaldi's 'Spring,' from The Four Seasons, and act out the events in the music.
Students create a song using the form ABACADAEA. Students listen to a musical piece created by Vivaldi that is an example of this musical form. Then students use software to create their own musical forms representing this pattern.
Second graders uncover the form, timbre, and the significance of Vivaldi's "The Four Seasons" in the five lessons of this unit. The use of instrumentation forms the basis of the lessons.
Students, after viewing an episode on the music of Antonio Vivaldi and a print from the artist Utagawa Hiroshige entitled Mountains and Rivers on the Kiso Road, participate with the characters on the screen. They experience a variety of fine works of art and classical music.
Students portray the mood of a piece of music in a drawing. In this mood in music instructional activity, students discuss how music creates a mood. Students listen to Vivaldi's "Four Seasons," "The Wreck of The Wreck of the Edmund Fitzgerald" as well as the African-American "We Will Overcome." Students draw whatever they think of when they hear the different songs, distinguishing happiness, sadness, melancholy, or excitement.
Intended for native Spanish speakers, this plan provides an opportunity to create a class semantic web describing the different seasons and listen to Vivaldi's "Four Seasons." Learners will work together to revise their semantic webs, replacing the adjectives with richer, more developed vocabulary.
Explore the Enlightenment period through literature, music, and autocratic rule. Each slide contains basic information on major Baroque, Classical, and political figures contemporary to the late 1700's and early 1800's. Vivaldi, Bach, Handel, Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven, Frederick II, Joseph II, and Catherine II are all mentioned.
Students become acquainted with the characteristics and major events of the Baroque era. They will demonstrate knowledge of movement in high, middle, and low space, and will choreograph short movement patterns to accompany selections
Students discuss seasons in temperate climates, how the changes affect the environment, and the clothing they wear for each season. Using paint, they create a picture depicting one of the seasons. As students paint, they listen to Vivaldi's "The Four Seasons."
Second graders discuss how their weather changes by examining temperatures, clothing needs, and plant life. They talk about the identifying factors of the seasons and complete a Venn Diagram about weather in a guided instructional activity. Next, they work individually to write a Limerick poem about one of the seasons while listening to Vivaldi's, "Four Seasons."
Piano practice has never been so fun! Cleverly scaffolded piano practice sessions lead to performances, all of which earn the player points. The app has a digital keyboard for playing when you're on the go, or enable the acoustic piano feature and the game will interact with your live instrument. Chock-full of funny-looking characters and gamified incentives, you don't need to read too far between the musical lines to see that there's a walloping amount of learning going on.
Students read the book The Snowy Day and discover various winter themes. In this winter lesson plan, students develop movements to express the feeling of a snowstorm. Students also construct winter-themed art pieces.
Students write sound poems inspired by works of art they have viewed, create paintings with snow as subject, create zines about their perceptions of winter, and update one of Robert Harris' winter sports illustrations. Four lessons on one page.
Students investigate cause and effect and compare and contrast how recurring cycles are evident in multiple aspects of their education. They answer questions in the chosen field. Students model each aspect by interpreting, perceiving and connecting information.
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Antonio Vivaldi
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Essay About Archimedes Principle Example
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Archimedes Essay examples
1577 Words7 Pages
People have been aware of objects floating on water or sinking since before recorded history. It was not until Archimedes of Syracuse came along, that the theory of flotation and the buoyancy principle were defined. Archimedes was born at Syracuse on the island of Sicily in 287 BC. His father, Phidias, is thought to have been an astronomer who discovered the size and distances of the sun and moon. Archimedes might have been related to King Hieron the second, King Hieron definitely favored Archimedes as his first philosopher. As a young boy, Archimedes developed a life-long interest in the study of the heavens. As a teen he traveled to Egypt where he studied at the great Library of Alexandria, possibly under the followers of Euclid.…show more content…
It's said that Archimedes had discovery buoyancy much earlier in history, but it was lost to a great gust of wind.
Archimedes discoveries are many, without him the modern day world wouldn't be as mathematical advanced. One such discovery was his calculation of Pi, for his mathematical constant ¼ represents the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter. The word Pi pronounced as "pie" is the lowercase of the Greek letter to "p" from the Roman alphabet. Archimedes used geometric formulas outlined by Euclid, to make his computing areas and volumes by the method of exhaustion. His theory came two-thousand years before it was supposedly invented by Sir Isaac Newton and he fellow Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz. That discovery was the near development of today's Calculus used in mathematics, physics, and engineering today. Another discovery was the relationship between volume and surface of a sphere and its circumference cylinder. He discovered this with two spheres which he built himself, with some further calculation he proved a formula that is used in today's On the Sphere and the Cylinder. Also, there is a legend that Archimedes made a discovery of buoyancy while in a bath tub. When he went for a bath, he found his principle (Archimedes Principal) which states an object put into a fluid will experience a buoyant force that is equal in magnitude
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Hello guys, these are only a few examples of the application of Archimedes' Principle. This examples only serve as a guidance and you should try to search for other examples. :) Hope this helps.
1. Submarine:
A submarine has a large ballast tank, which is used to control its position and depth from the surface of the sea.
A submarine submerges by letting water into the ballast tank so that its weight becomes greater than the buoyant force.
Conversely, it floats by reducing water in the ballast tank.-thus its weight is less than the buoyant force
2. Hot-air balloon
The atmosphere is filled with air that exerts buoyant force on any object.
A hot air balloon rises and floats due to the buoyant force (when the surrounding air is greater than its weight). It descends when the balloon's weight is higher than the buoyant force. It becomes stationary when the weight equals the buoyant force.
The weight of the Hot-air balloon can be controlled by varying the quantity of hot air in the balloon.
3. Hydrometer
A hydrometer is an instrument to measure the relative density of liquids.
It consists of a tube with a bulb at one end. Lead shots are placed in the bulb to weigh it down and enable the hydrometer to float vertically in the liquid.
In a liquid of lesser density, a greater volume of liquid must be displaced for the buoyant force to equal to the weight of the hydrometer so it sinks lower.
Hydrometer floats higher in a liquid of higher density.
Density is measured in the unit of g cm-3.
4. Ship
A ship floats on the surface of the sea because the volume of water displaced by the ship is enough to have a weight equal to the weight of the ship.
A ship is constructed in a way so that the shape is hollow, to make the overall density of the ship lesser than the sea water. Therefore, the buoyant force acting on the ship is large enough to support its weight.
The density of sea water varies with location. The PLIMSOLL LINE marked on the body of the ship acts as a guideline to ensure that the ship is loaded within the safety limit.
A ship submerge lower in fresh water as fresh water density is lesser than sea water. Ships will float higher in cold water as cold water has a relatively higher density than warm water.
5. Fishes
Certain group of fishes uses Archimedes’ principles to go up and down the water.
To go up to the surface, the fishes will fill its swim bladder (air sacs) with gases (clever isn't it?).
The gases diffuse from its own body to the bladder and thus making its body lighter. This enables the fishes to go up.
To go down, the fishes will empty their bladder, this increases its density and therefore the fish will sink.
6. FLIP – Floating instrument platform.
This is a research ship that does research on waves in deep water. It can turn horizontally or vertically. When water is pumped into stern tanks, the ship will flip vertically.
The principle that is used in FLIP is almost similar with the submarines. Both ships pump water in or out of tank to rise or sink.
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yandell lab - on human population genetics
VAAST (the Variant Annotation, Analysis & Search Tool) is a probabilistic search tool for identifying damaged genes and their disease-causing variants in personal genome sequences. VAAST builds upon existing amino acid substitution (AAS) and aggregative approaches to variant prioritization, combining elements of both into a single unified likelihood-framework that allows users to identify damaged genes and deleterious variants with greater accuracy, and in an easy-to-use fashion. VAAST can score both coding and non-coding variants, evaluating the cumulative impact of both types of variants simultaneously. VAAST can identify rare variants causing rare genetic diseases, and it can also use both rare and common variants to identify genes responsible for common diseases. VAAST thus has a much greater scope of use than any existing methodology.
MAKER 2 (updated 07-22-2012)
MAKER is a portable and easily configurable genome annotation pipeline. It's purpose is to allow smaller eukaryotic and prokaryotic genomeprojects to independently annotate their genomes and to create genome databases. MAKER identifies repeats, aligns ESTs and proteins to a genome, produces ab-initio gene predictions and automatically synthesizes these data into gene annotations having evidence-based quality values. MAKER is also easily trainable: outputs of preliminary runs can be used to automatically retrain its gene prediction algorithm, producing higher quality gene-models on seusequent runs. MAKER's inputs are minimal and its ouputs can be directly loaded into a GMOD database. They can also be viewed in the Apollo genome browser; this feature of MAKER provides an easy means to annotate, view and edit individual contigs and BACs without the overhead of a database. MAKER should prove especially useful for emerging model organism projects with minimal bioinformatics expertise and computer resources.
RepeatRunner is a CGL-based program that integrates RepeatMasker with BLASTX to provide a comprehensive means of identifying repetitive elements. Because RepeatMasker identifies repeats by means of similarity to a nucleotide library of known repeats, it often fails to identify highly divergent repeats and divergent portions of repeats, especially near repeat edges. To remedy this problem, RepeatRunner uses BLASTX to search a database of repeat encoded proteins (reverse transcriptases, gag, env, etc...). Because protein homologies can be detected across larger phylogenetic distances than nucleotide similarities, this BLASTX search allows RepeatRunner to identify divergent protein coding portions of retro-elements and retro-viruses not detected by RepeatMasker. RepeatRunner merges its BLASTX and RepeatMasker results to produce a single, comprehensive XML-based output. It also masks the input sequence appropriately. In practice RepeatRunner has been shown to greatly improve the efficacy of repeat identifcation. RepeatRunner can also be used in conjunction with PILER-DF - a program designed to identify novel repeats - and RepeatMasker to produce a comprehensive system for repeat identification, characterization, and masking in the newly sequenced genomes.
ImagePlane is python based image analysis software designed for the automated analysis of images of the animal S. mediterranea. This software allows the animals's neoblasts to be quantified and tested for assymetries along its veritcal and hoizontal axes. ImagePlane also allows simple mophology categorizations to be made based on the overall shape of the animal.
CGL is a software library designed to facilitate the use of genome annotations as substrates for computation and experimentation; we call it "CGL", an acronym for Comparitive Genomics Library, and pronounce it "Seagull". The purpose of CGL is to provide an informatics infrastructure for a laboratory, department, or research institute engaged in the large-scale analysis of genomes and their annotations.
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Geology, Mining and Milling
Red Dog’s ore-bodies formed 338 million years ago at the bottom of an ocean basin. Water flowing through faults and fractures formed hot mineral rich springs on the seafloor from which zinc and lead precipitated forming the ore-body. The ore minerals filled cracks, replaced some of the sediment and formed layers on the seabed. Faulting that formed the Brooks Range 126 million years broke the mineralized zone into three ore-bodies (Main, Aqqaluk and Qanaiyaq). Modern day examples of this process occur in a number of ocean settings.
Main Deposit, Aqqaluk and Qanaiyaq
The original ore zone, Main Deposit, contained 77 million tonnes (metric ton = 2,200 pounds) of rock containing 17% zinc, 5% lead and 2.4 ounces per ton of silver. Drilling in the 1990s added the Aqqaluk and Qanaiyaq Deposits bringing the total for all three ore zones to 119 million tonnes. Beginning with the start of mining in 1989, ore came from the Main Deposit and averaged 20% zinc. At that grade, each tonne of ore mined contains 440 pounds of zinc metal. The Aqqaluk Deposit is currently being mined. The ore-body is close to the surface allowing it to be mined using "open-pit" mining methods. “Waste" rocks (those containing insufficient zinc and lead to economic) cover the ore-body and must be removed. On average, one tonne of waste must be mined to expose each tonne of ore. Surveyors mark the layout of holes that are then drilled and loaded with explosives. Once broken, loaders and trucks are used to move waste rock and ore to the appropriate stockpiles.
Red Dog’s ore is in a hard sedimentary rock. The ore occurs as massive layers, disseminated grains or veins. Zinc occurs in a glassy, reddish to yellow brown mineral called sphalerite. Sphalerite is a zinc sulfide and it contains 66% zinc and 34% sulfur. The ore also contains galena, a steel gray metallic lead sulfide that contains 86% lead, 14% sulfur and traces of silver. The ore-body also has pyrite (fool's gold) which is made of iron and sulfur. Two minerals are common in Red Dog’s ore, quartz and barite. Neither is of any value and both are discarded along with the pyrite as tailings during the milling process.
Milling and flotation processes remove the zinc and lead minerals from the rock and then concentrates them. First, the rock is ground to a fine powder (almost the consistency of talcum powder) to separate the sphalerite and galena from other minerals that comprise the rock. Flotation is then used to separate and concentrate these minerals. This is done by mixing the finely ground rock with water and chemicals in large tanks and injected air into the bottom of the tank. In a two-stage process, the grains of galena, followed by sphalerite, attach to bubbles and float to the surface where they are skimmed off. The resulting product is concentrate, two types are made, zinc concentrate (concentrated sphalerite) and lead concentrate (concentrated galena). The concentrate is shipped to smelters throughout the world. Smelting removes the sulfur producing the pure zinc and lead metals.
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Shortnose Sturgeon - Acipenser brevirostrum
By Sara K. Green, SCWF Director of Education
Sturgeons are an ancient species of fish with fossils dating back 65 million years. The Shortnose sturgeon can be found in the salt or brackish coastal waters of South Carolina. It looks like a prehistoric cross between a shark and a catfish. The Shortnose is dark above and light below. (This is a common color pattern for fish, called countershading - when predators look at the sturgeon from above, it blends in with the dark color of the substrate on the bottom. When seen from below, the sturgeon blends in with the lighter color of the water and sky above.) Shortnose sturgeon are usually less than 3 feet in length, which is small compared to their larger, better known cousin, the Atlantic sturgeon. The Shortnose has no teeth in its wide mouth that is pointed downward beneath a short snout. They feed on bottom-dwelling invertebrates and plant matter embedded in the bottom mud. They find this food with their soft, fleshy barbs which cause some folks to mistake these rarely seen creatures for a kind of catfish. Shortnose sturgeons lack scales but have a unique body armor of diamond-shaped bony plates called scutes. Some sturgeons have been found to be over 60 years old.
From April to early June, Shortnose sturgeon migrate from the ocean to large tidal rivers specifically to reproduce. They do not build nests, but rather broadcast their eggs into the water in areas with gravely, rubble substrates. The eggs are small, dark brown, and less numerous per pound of fish than other sturgeons. Once hatched, the young fish drift downstream and may eventually swim to brackish water. The young are rarely seen, so early life history is unknown. Male Shortnose sturgeon mature at an age of four years after reaching a size of 20 inches, females mature after five years at a size of 24 inches.
The Shortnose sturgeon is listed as a Federal Endangered Species. A severe decrease in populations has been documented and is attributed primarily to over-harvesting in the 1800’s and early 1900’s. Sturgeons were harvested for their meat, skin, swim bladders, and eggs (or roe). Shortnose taken commercially in more recent years are often bycatch - accidentally caught by fishermen who are looking for the larger Atlantic sturgeon. Along with exploitation by commercial fishermen, pollution of tidal streams and estuaries used by spawning adults and as nursery areas for young is considered another primary reason for the great decline in Shortnose sturgeon. Dams also contribute to the problem, since they prevent the adults from returning to fresh water to spawn, and the juveniles from migrating from the nursery area out to sea.
The Shortnose is a Federal trust fish, meaning that the Federal government has some responsibility for its recovery. Current research on the behavior of these fish is providing valuable information for the development of management strategies. According to Mark Collins of the Marine Resources Research Institute, the SC Department of Natural Resources has conducted studies on bycatch mortality in the commercial shad gillnet fishery, hatchery and culture techniques, trial stock enhancement, and radio and acoustic telemetry studies of adults and juveniles to determine habitat use and movements. They are also studying juvenile Shortnose sturgeon in the Savannah Harbor to determine the impact that harbor dredging and deepening will have on this species. Deepening the harbor would result in an increase in the salinity and a decrease in the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water. These dramatic changes can have drastic effects on aquatic species.
Management strategies for Shortnose sturgeon that are currently in use include taking inventory and modeling the dynamics of natural populations, enforcement of existing environmental regulations concerning pollution, creation of new regulations, and studies of shortnose sturgeon’s environmental needs and limiting factors. Mr. Collins says that there are some waterways in South Carolina that the DNR has no information about in regards to shortnose sturgeon populations, due to lack of funding. With no research being done in these areas, it is very difficult to determine the effect that management practices are having on the population. Mr. Collins expresses his concern that most of the money that has been earmarked by the National Marine Fisheries Service for endangered species goes to the more “popular” species, such as sea turtles and marine mammals.
Submitted 10/22/2003
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Get 15% off with SUMMERSALE promo code at checkout
Before Birds Attack, What's Your Plan?
Crow Flying Over Orchard
Bird damage can occur in minutes, and ruin a whole crop. Having a plan in place to prevent birds from destroying your hard work is essential!
The Threat
There's nothing worse than watching all your hard work be ruined by a flock of hungry birds. They can cause enormous damage in a matter of minutes, and oftentimes its too late to prevent damage after they've already landed in your vineyard, orchard, or garden.
Bird In Tree
Birds attack by pecking holes in larger fruit like apples, pears, plums, and peaches, and devouring smaller fruits like grapes and berries whole. Even worse, they often leave behind disease-spreading droppings in their wake.
Pear Ruined By Birds
Birds can also damage young plants and seedlings before they even get a chance to grow, destroying even the most carefully planned gardens. Protecting new seedlings from bird attacks is essential because whole rows of new plants can be destroyed in a matter of minutes if a hungry flock descends.
The Solution!
But all is not lost! Birds are a threat, but they can be planned for. Preventing bird damage requires deploying defenses before birds arrive, and that's precisely what FruitDefender is designed to do. When birds see FruitDefender flying, they pass on by, leaving your fruit and garden alone.
FruitDefender Guarding Orchard
Better And Cheaper Than Netting
Unlike netting and mesh, FruitDefender doesn't require hours to install, remove, and maintain. It also doesn't risk harming protected birds like netting does. Unlike noisemakers, FruitDefender is quiet so it wont annoy neighbors. It never needs batteries or fuel, either, and is earth-friendly!
Don't risk your fruit. Deploy FruitDefender!
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LGBTQ Symbols
This is the comprehensive list of LGBTQ symbols from the Matthew Shepard Foundation. Have an edit? Email us!
LGBT Pride Flag
The LGBT pride flag was created in 1978 by San Francisco artist Gilbert Baker. Originally the flag included eight stripes but colors have been removed due to fabric availability creating the current and most recognized form. Each of the six colors has a meaning; red means life, orange means healing, yellow means sunshine, green means nature, blue means harmony, and purple means spirit.
Bisexual Pride Flag
Designed in 1998 by Michael Page with the aim of increasing bisexual visibility within society as a whole and the LGBT community. The pink stripe represents the possibility of same gender attraction; the royal blue stripe represents the possibility of opposite gender attraction and the stripes overlap to form a deep shade of lavender or purple, which represents the possibility of attraction anywhere along the gender spectrum.
Transgender Pride Flag
Designed by transgender woman Monica Helms and first flown at a pride parade in Phoenix, Arizona, USA in 2000. Helms described the meaning “The light blue is the traditional color for baby boys, pink is for girls, and the white in the middle is for those who are transitioning, those who feel they have a neutral gender or no gender, and those who are intersex. The pattern is such that no matter which way you fly it, it will always be correct. This symbolizes us trying to find correctness in our own lives”
Asexual Pride Flag
The Asexual pride flag was created in August of 2010 to help raise awareness of asexuality. Like the other pride flags each colored stripe has a different meaning; black means asexuality, grey means grey-asexuality (a grey area between asexuality and sexuality) and demisexuality, white means sexuality, and purple means community.
Intersex Pride Flag
Created in 2009 by Natalie Phox to symbolize the spirit of those who are born intersexed. The two outer lavender stripes symbolize spirit, while the middle stripe blends pink and blue to symbolize the mix between female and male.
Pansexual Pride Flag
No single creator is known for the pansexual pride flag but it began surfacing on the internet in 2010. The pink and blue stripes on either side symbolizes female gendered persons (regardless of biological sex) and male gendered persons (again regardless of biological sex) respectively, while the gold stripe in the middle represents those who identity as a mixed gender, genderless, or as a third gender.
The greek letter lambda was originally used as the symbol of the Gay Activists Alliance of New York in 1970 and in 1974 was officially adopted as the symbol of gay and lesbian rights by the International Gay Rights Congress in Edinburgh, Scotland. The lambda signifies unity under oppression.
Gay Male Symbol
Popularized in the 1990’s. Comprised of two interlocking male gender symbols
Double Female Symbol
Popularized in the 1990’s. Comprised of two interlocking female gender symbols
Transgender Symbol
This is the most popular transgender symbol it originates from a drawing by Holly Boswell. A modification of the traditional vendor symbols, it depicts a circle with an arrow projecting from the top-right, as found in the male symbol, and a cross projecting from the bottom, as found in the female symbol, with an additional striked arrow (combining the female cross and male arrow) projecting from the top-left.
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A line at right angles to the plane of the superior aperture at its center would, if prolonged, pass through the umbilicus above and the middle of the coccyx below; the axis of the superior aperture is therefore directed downward and backward. The axis of the inferior aperture, produced upward, would touch the base of the sacrum, and is also directed downward, and slightly backward. The axis of the cavity—i. e., an axis at right angles to a series of planes between those of the superior and inferior apertures —is curved like the cavity itself: this curve corresponds to the concavity of the sacrum and coccyx, the extremities being indicated by the central points of the superior and inferior apertures. A knowledge of the direction of these axes serves to explain the course of the fetus in its passage through the pelvis during parturition.
Text by Antoine Micheau, MD - Copyright IMAIOS
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Staples - Leesburg, VA +126 locations3.6
Sales and Service Manager. The Copy & Print Associate is accountable for demonstrating these behaviors and positively contributing to key business metrics....
Estimated: $37,000 - $46,000 a year
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The Value of Play
From an Adult Viewpoint....
It often seems that all children do is play! They play until they are five or six, then they go off to school and start to learn. They play until they are big enough to really begin to do things. So it seems to grown-ups.
From a Child's Viewpoint....
Play takes on a very different meaning. Play to a child IS learning! They learn to play and play to learn. Play is terribly important to a child. It is not a distraction. It's not something they do to take up time. It's the child's life.
This workshop will help you learn how to enhance the wonderful experience we call "play" in your classroom.
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Fare Starts From INR 2000
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Gagana Travels Tuni to Vijayawada Bus Details
Q-1). How many buses are operated between Tuni and Vijayawada by Gagana Travels?
A: There are 2 buses that are operated from Tuni to Vijayawada by Gagana Travels.
Q-2). What is the time taken by Gagana Travels to complete the journey from Tuni to Vijayawada?
A: The journey between Tuni to Vijayawada is covered by Gagana Travels in approximately 4 hours 17 mins.
Q-3). How many luxury buses are operated by Gagana Travels between Tuni and Vijayawada?
A: There are 2 luxury buses operated by Gagana Travels between Tuni to Vijayawada.
Q-4). When does Gagana Travels first bus leave from Tuni ?
A: The first bus of Gagana Travels leaves at 11:30 from Tuni.
Q-5). When does Gagana Travels last bus depart from Tuni ?
A: The last bus of Gagana Travels departs at 23:45 from Tuni.
Q-6). What are Gagana Travels bus ticket fares from Tuni to Vijayawada ?
A: The starting bus fare of Gagana Travels is 2000. The maximum bus ticket fare of Gagana Travels is 2500.
Gagana Travels Bus from Tuni to Vijayawada
Keeping your accessibility and satisfaction of road journey in mind, Gagana Travels offers a number of buses throughout day and night. It also grants great convenience for any kind of commuters like business or leisure travellers . Tuni to Vijayawada is one of the major functioning routes of Gagana Travels. The skilled drivers and staff ensures complete comfort of its passengers.
Gagana Travels Bus Types from Tuni to Vijayawada
Gagana Travels runs several types of buses from Tuni to Vijayawada. Generally, AC/Non AC sleeper buses are prefered during night travel. Besides, travelers may opt for AC/Non AC Semi sleeper and AC/Non AC Seater buses while commuting during day hours. All categories of Gagana Travels buses ensure a good travel experience.
Gagana Travels Bus Boarding Points in Tuni
The Gagana Travels buses consist of a number of boarding points in Tuni. Passengers may board the Gagana Travels buses from their allotted pick up locations. The following boarding points of bus from Tuni are:
Gagana Travels Bus Dropping Points in Vijayawada
Gagana Travels buses stops at various dropping points in Vijayawada, creating ample amount of convenience for passengers to get down at their preferred locations. Check the dropping points for Gagana Travels in Vijayawada:
Popular Routes for Gagana Travels from Tuni
Popular Routes for Gagana Travels to Vijayawada
Other Operators on this Route
Other Routes for Gagana Travels
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Friday, 15 December 2017
365 Nigerians Return From Libya
The 116 arrived aboard Buraq Airlines and were handed over to the Federal Government through the southwest Zonal Coordinator of NEMA, Suleiman Yakubu who represented the Director General of the Agency, Suleiman Yakubu.
Among them were 46 female adults, three female children, four female infants, 60 male adults, one male child and two male infants, making a total of 116 returnees.
Also among the 249 who had returned earlier were 52 female adults, four female children, 10 female infants, 173 male adults, two male children and 9 male infants.
They were voluntarily assisted back home after their failed attempts to cross over to Europe through Libya by the IOM through European Union funding.
The first set of returnees have been accommodated in hotels and would be joined with the new returnees before they proceed to their final destinations.
Some state officials have been on ground to facilitate the transportation of their indigenes back to their respective states.
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Fifth Grade Flyer
September 4, 2015
Fifth Grade Families:
Good afternoon!
We have had a WONDERFUL start to our fifth grade year! We are all so excited for what the year is going to bring us. There has already been so much learning happening in the classrooms, goal setting and establish classroom communities. We can tell that the students are going to be hard workers this year, while we take time to also make some fifth grade memories together. Please take a moment to read through our fifth grade team flyer. We will be synergizing this year by sending out a newsletter together. Communication is very important to all of us. Please feel free to contact us at anytime with any questions or concerns.
Here is the exciting learning that is going on in fifth grade:
Language Arts:
In reading, the students have been proactive by establishing our Readers' Workshop. They have come up with good listening habits, the structure of our workshop (mini lesson, activity time and sharing time), and how to share. The student have had such deep discussion already when they are responding and questioning each others' thinking during turn and talk. It makes me excited for how much they will grow as readers this year! Ask your child what makes a book too easy, just right and challenging! Next week, the students are going to be learning hot to respond to text in their journals.
In writing, we will be starting our first unit of study, Narrative Craft. We will begin by having the student generate their ideas from for personal narratives, it can help to think of turning-point moments in their lives. They will be thinking of places that matter to them and the episodes that occurred in those places. The students will learn that in order to write effective narratives, writers re-experience the episodes before writing it, reliving it so that readers will be able to experience it too. The best way to become a great writer is to read what other great authors have written to help give us ideas of how to write our narratives. The students are going to be practicing writing to build our writing stamina!
In math, the students have been exploring calculating area of a rectangle. Area is the amount of surface inside a closed 2-dimensional figures. They have been applying their multiplication and fraction skills to solve real world area problems. Next week, the students will explore the concept of volume as they informally compare volumes of 3-dimensional shapes.
Big image
In science, the students are working with the scientific method. They reviewed this process by conducting the famous Mentos Lab. I am sure you have all heard about it! They were able to experience how the scientific method flows. We have been going deeper into each steps of this method. The students discovered what makes a question testable. It has to be testable, measurable and have scientific worth. They are able to identify the components of a testable question and a hypotheses with three variables. The independent variable (what is changed), the dependent variable (what is measured) and the constant variable (what stays the same). Ask your child what the variables were for our Mentos Lab!
Scientific Method:
1. Write a testable question
2. State your hypotheses
3. List the procedures and materials
4. Conduct the experiment
5. Record and analyze your data
6. Write your conclusion
Social Studies:
In social studies, the students are working on their map skills. The students are exploring how the world and how to locate things on maps. These skills will be applied when we learn other American History topics. The students will learn about the 7 continents and the 4 major oceans. We will discuss how the world is broken up into hemispheres and how the compass rose can help us locate specific places with cardinal (N,E,S,W) and intermediate directions (NE, NW, SE, SW).
Upcoming Events:
Monday, September 7: NO SCHOOL Labor Day
Wednesday, September 9: First Girls on the Run practice 4:00-5:15
Friday, September 11: Patriot's Day and STAR scores go home
Saturday, September 12: Eureka Days Parade
Monday, September 14: Culver's Night 4:00-8:00pm
Wednesday, September 16: Early Dismissal 12:46pm
Thursday, September 17: School Picture Day
Saturday, September 26: Eureka Elementary 5K
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英语听力节目豆知识第37期：节能荧光灯—何乐而不换？ (mp3下载)
merryangle87 于2013-09-27发布 l 已有人浏览
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节能荧光灯—何乐而不换？ Here are two things that nobody wants to see increase: your power bill and pollution. Boo! We're going to show you a small step you can take that can turn these arrows the other way. Yay! We're focused on your friendly household light bulb, the incandescent kind. The chances are, there is one within a few feet of you right now. Go ahead! Look around! That light bulb is not cool anymore. It's the VCR of light bulbs and it's quickly becoming obsolete and for good reason. It's being replaced by a new kind of bulb. It's called a compact fluorescent, or CFL and it's an easy way for you to make a big difference. Here are two reasons why. The real problem is coal which is used to create over 50 percent of our electricity. When you turn on a light bulb, most of the electricity that powers that bulb comes from burning coal. When it's burnt in power plants, CO2 and other pollution is released into the air. More burning coal equals more pollution. Not cool at all. If that wasn't enough, coal also costs money. The more you burn for electricity, the higher your power bill. So the ultimate goal is to burn less coal by using less electricity. Here is why new light bulbs matter. If you replace that old light bulb with a new CFL, you can save money and help prevent pollution at the same time. Consider these three big points. First, let's say you have a lamp in your house that you leave on for one full year, 24/7. You start with a 750-hour incandescent bulb. That lasts about a month. This means that over a year, you'll use about 12 bulbs for the lamp. At 60 cents a bulb, that's about 7 dollars and 20 cents. Now compare that to a single CFL that costs about 4 dollars. A CFL in the exact same lamp will last 10,000 hours. That's about the same as 13 regular light bulbs. This should be clear - less hassle, less money. But the last two points are the big ones. Lighting accounts for, on average, about 20 dollars of 100 dollars monthly power bill and CFLs use one quarter of the power compared to an incandescent bulb. This means that using CFLs can lower a 100-dollar power bill to 85 dollars a month. That's cool. And finally, switching to CFLs can prevent hundreds of pounds of CO2 pollution each year. That pollution is a cause of global warming. So you can see the point: CFLs are simply a smarter way to light your home. If you're still not convinced, note that these aren't the buzzing blue tube lights from the kitchen of your past. CFLs have come a long way lately. Popular Mechanics did a blind study with new CFLs and participants preferred the CFL light compared to incandescent bulbs and they fit in the same fixtures. The question to ask is: Why not switch to CFLs? The next time you are at the store, pick up a four pack of CFLs and replace the bulbs that are on the most, maybe the porch lights. Then ask your friends, "Why haven't you switched? Are you still watching movies with a VCR?"
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Genetic Struggles Within Cells May Create New Species | Quanta Magazine
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His previous work had shown that not only did the nuclear genomes of T. californicus vary among populations, so did their mitochondrial genomes.
Since proper mitochondrial functioning required the interaction of proteins made by both genomes, Burton hypothesized that a mismatch between mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sat at the heart of the F2’s problems.
Because mitochondrial DNA lacks capabilities for checking DNA for errors and repairing it, in animals it mutates on average 10 times as frequently as its nuclear counterpart does.
To evolutionary biologists, this high mutation rate posed an interesting question: How does the nuclear genome respond to this mitochondrial variability and its sabotage of their partnership? Moreover, an organism inherits its mitochondrial DNA only from its mother, instead of from both parents like its nuclear genome.
The mismatch of evolutionary forces on mitochondrial and nuclear genomes could be seen in Burton’s F2 copepods.
He extracted mitochondria from their cells and measured their mitochondria’s energy output in the form of ATP. The F2 hybrids produced significantly less ATP than their nonhybrid counterparts did, a clear indication of mitochondrial dysfunction.
Jonci Wolff at Monash University in Australia and colleagues irradiated male flies to generate large numbers of DNA mutations, and then mated these flies with females that had identical nuclear genomes but one of six different mitochondrial genomes.
Article originally posted at
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💥 Watch user mashups made from clips
But you'll see
Search for a friend's name in clips!
But you'll see
Start Clip End
<<< << < 99.48 > >> >>> <<< << < 100.67 > >> >>>
keeps the servers running:
2.6 secs
Downton Abbey (2010) - S01E01
But what? You'll see.
1.3 secs
Malcolm in the Middle (2000) - S01E03 Home Alone 4
but in time you'll see...
1.6 secs
Harry and the Hendersons (1987)
But I'm sure you'll see
2.5 secs
The Mindy Project (2012) - S01E03 In the Club
I have a steam shower, but you'll see.
3.5 secs
Saturday Night Fever (1977)
Watch this. That ain't my regular partner, but you'll see.
2.4 secs
Sausage Party (2016)
Oh, you'll see. But I warn you...
1.8 secs
Downton Abbey (2010) - S01E07 Family
But they will have. You'll see.
2.1 secs
Victoria (2016) - S01E06 Drama
But you'll have to wait and see.
1.6 secs
but I'm gonna catch up, you'll see.
2 secs
Mork & Mindy (1978) - S04E09 Family
but later you'll see that you're very unique
3.7 secs
Crowded House - Don't Dream It's Over
But you'll never see the end of the road
2 secs
Brooklyn (2015)
But you'll come see me there one day?
2.7 secs
The Simpsons (1989) - S03E15 Comedy
But today you'll see me in my greatest role--
1.9 secs
Broad City (2014) - S03E05 2016
Well, you'll never see her, but, sure.
4.6 secs
A Knight's Tale (2001)
-I won't see you led to the stocks. -But you'll see me run? No!
2.8 secs
The Office (US) (2005) - S01E03
But you'll, you'll know it when you see it.
2.5 secs
I know, darling, but you'll see I'm so much more fun.
3.1 secs
Brewster's Millions (1985)
I don't know what team, but you'll see me on television
1.9 secs
The Odd Couple (2015) - S01E03 The Birthday Party
And me, but you'll see that when you read the card.
6 secs
The Last Ship (2014) - S01E10
But in time, Rachel, you'll see it's the only way.
2.2 secs
Flight of The Conchords S01E05
# But maybe one day you'll see that dreams are... #
3 secs
A Knight's Tale (2001)
No, but defeat him and you'll see it firsthand.
2.3 secs
But you'll still be able to see them.
1.5 secs
Downton Abbey (2010) - S03E01 Family
But I can't see what you'll get out of them.
2.8 secs
Short Cuts (1993)
We can see you're closed, but I'm sure you'll see us.
2.6 secs
Welcome Home, Roxy Carmichael (1990)
# But if you don't like, what you'll see #
2.1 secs
Travelers (2016) - S01E11 Marcy
but her heart's in the right place. You'll see.
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How are degenerative disc disease and bulging discs related?
Degenerative disc disease (DDD) and bulging discs will often be diagnosed at the same time, leaving many people to wonder about the relationship between these two conditions. Basically, DDD is an age-related condition that can often be the underlying cause of bulging discs. Over time — and with years of pressure from weight and movement — our discs become less flexible and lose water content, leading to degeneration.
Spinal disc deterioration happens to everyone to some extent and is not necessarily painful. However, more advanced degeneration, diagnosed as DDD, can lead to displacement of the discs through bulging or herniation that causes painful nerve compression. Learning more about spinal anatomy and the conditions that can develop is an important step in finding relief if these conditions are affecting your life. The following information is intended to help you work with your doctor more closely and learn about the full range of treatment options that can help you return to the people and activities you love.
What is a bulging disc?
A bulging disc occurs when the outer layer of a disc bulges out of its normal perimeter in the spinal column. The spinal discs lie between the vertebrae in the spinal column, absorbing shock and pressure to allow for basic movement. They are composed of two parts: a tough, elastic outer layer and a softer nucleus. A bulging disc occurs when a weakened or brittle outer layer is unable to contain the pressure pushing out from the nucleus and begins to push out.
A bulging disc can cause narrowing of the already tight nerve pathways in the spine, leading to a compressed nerve. Spinal nerve compression, sometimes called a pinched nerve, can cause numbness, tingling, muscle weakness and pain along the length of the nerve into seemingly unrelated areas of the body. For example:
• Compression in the cervical (upper) spine causes symptoms to appear in the head, neck, shoulders, arms or hands.
• Compression in the lumbar (lower) spine back can affect the lower back, hips, buttocks, legs or feet.
How are these conditions treated?
Many patients are able to find relief from the symptoms of degenerative disc disease and bulging discs through the use of nonsurgical treatment methods. This can include a combination of pain medication, physical therapy and lifestyle changes such as a weight-loss plan or quitting smoking. If symptoms persist for several weeks or months despite conservative treatment, a patient might be advised to undergo spine surgery.
If you are in this situation but have concerns about the risks that can come with traditional open spine procedures, reach out to the dedicated and caring team at Laser Spine Institute. Our minimally invasive spine surgery is a safer and effective alternative to traditional procedures, offering patients less risk of complication and a shorter recovery time.^
Contact us today to learn more and to get your no-cost MRI review* to determine if you are a potential candidate for one of our procedures.
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step one: We Meet With you to Learn about your goals and values
There isn't a single person like you in the world.
Similarly everyone has a unique carbon footprint. We'll meet with you to answer any questions you may have and learn what's most important for you to offset. We're most interested in how we can help you meet your social, environmental, and business goals.
Upon meeting, we'll co-create a plan of what we want our partnership to look like. Then we'll let you know what we need from you to calculate your carbon footprint.
To get started, schedule your free consultation by giving us a call (352- 580-0441) or clicking here.
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People Are Who They Want To Be
September 26, 2009
Choice isn't always a matter of being able to choose what happens to us. Life happens, and often without any say from us. However, our circumstances do not determine who we become. Only we have the choice to determine that. Everyone is who he or she wants to be, regardless of what one might think. We all have choices and each choice leads to the creation of who we are.
There is a great quote that states, "Everybody's a self-made man; but only the successful ones are ever willing to admit it.". It does seem that we are more than willing to take credit for the success we have become in life, but less willing to own the areas where we are not so successful. The credit for those areas that are not so perfect seem to be reserved for our childhood, parents, a bad boss, spouse and on and on. However, in the end only, we can determine how the people and events in our lives will affect us. We can let them drag us down or we can use them as building blocks for a strong personal foundation.
One only has to read the stories of successful people to know that adversity seems to be a common denominator of those who made it. Few successful people had success handed to them on a platter. Most worked, struggled and experienced their share of failures. What is different about these people is that they didn't let these adversities get in their way. They actually used adversity to build on. They turned their stumbling blocks into a paved highway to a better life.
It all boils down to choice. It isn't what happens to you that matters as much as what you do with what happens to you that makes the difference. We have all met with disappointments, failures and challenges. The difference is some people let those events stop them while others use them to build a bridge and move on.
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Hot Random Games
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Instructions: Move with the mouse or WASD or arrow keys. Your guns fire automatically. Activate your shockwave using the mouse button or M or Z keys. Pause with the SPACE bar. Obliterate enemy alien spaceships as they attack in ever greater numbers. Use your shockwave to disintegrate enemy photon bullets, block their laser beams and inflict more damage on their spaceships. You can't reuse your shockwave until the blue power bar in the bottom right corner replenishes. Collect bonuses ejected from dying ships: coins - $10 + 5 poins diamonds - $100 + 25 points blue - 100 points green - 500 points orange - increment score multiplier Your score multiplier applies to all points awarded for destroying enemies and collecing bonuses up until the end of the level. Spend accumulated money buying upgrades between levels.
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| 0.846636 |
When Artificial Intelligence and Social Media Marketing Collide
Both artificial intelligence and social media marketing are getting a lot of attention nowadays because of their huge benefits and growth potential. This feature can be used in various ways by the brands for developing their social media marketing strategies to further increase the reach and success of their social media marketing campaign. There are many creative social media marketers who are awesome at creating awesome contents. The various AI tools help them to collect the valuable insights from the data collected through various social media platforms to get incredible insights on the customer taste and preferences.
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The archive has been theorized as unstable and even fever-ridden, but what might it mean to deploy it in ways that counter its logic or to activate it in ways that we might call queer? Using the example of Leah DeVun's photographic exploration of the ONE National Gay and Lesbian Archives (the world's largest lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender research collection), this essay traces the manners in which an archive, as a repository of information, might always shore up certain histories while delimiting others. In contrast, the authors imagine using the archive badly—that is, not as a historian would but through interpolation and anachronism, focusing on the archive's feel and “mere” form. Rather than reconstruct the ways that archival materials inhabit a discrete historical period, this essay explores what it means to focus on the human agents that pull archival objects from circulation, as well as how such objects might circulate again. Ultimately, the authors consider an archive as an accretive space that continues to build up, and as a history in which we might live, rather than as a document of an already finished time.
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
The daimyo (大名, daimyō) (About this sound daimyō ) were powerful feudal rulers from the 10th century to the early 19th century in Japan. Each daimyo had control over a part of the country. The Shogun had power over the daimyo.
Shugo daimyo[change | change source]
The first daimyo were called shugo daimyo (守護大名, shugo daimyō).
Sengoku daimyo[change | change source]
sengoku daimyo (戦国大名, sengoku daimyō)
Edo daimyo[change | change source]
Sankin Kotai[change | change source]
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Finger Board
All types of woods are not good for making musical instruments. Wood is predominantly used for making a stringed instrument. A few metal parts and strings are essential for making musical instruments. A guitar is producing sounds when the vibrations of the string pass into a hollow chamber. Therefore, a good, resonant wood is required for producing rich and mellow sound. Ebony, Mahogany, Maple, and Rosewood are mainly used for making fingerboards.
The fingerboards offered by Exotic Wood Zone are free from cracks, which are guaranteed even in the lower grades. While shipping, some finger boards, especially Ebony, move a little due to different climate. However, if you purchase fingerboards from our online shop, it will be free from warpage. Aesthetic factors such as grain patterns and coloration are used for grading our fingerboards. The grading is done on the basis of species.
show blocks helper
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Intermediate Algebra: Connecting Concepts through Application
Published by Brooks Cole
ISBN 10: 0-53449-636-9
ISBN 13: 978-0-53449-636-4
Chapter 8 - Radical Functions - 8.2 Simplifying, Adding, and Subtracting Radicals - 8.2 Exercises: 52
$23m\sqrt {n^{5}}$
Work Step by Step
Step 1: $5\sqrt {49m^{2}n^{5}}-3m\sqrt {16n^{5}}$ Step 2: $5(\sqrt {49m^{2}}\times\sqrt {n^{5}})-3m(\sqrt {16}\times\sqrt {n^{5}})$ Step 3: $5(7m\times\sqrt {n^{5}})-3m(4\times\sqrt {n^{5}})$ Step 4: $35m\sqrt {n^{5}}-12m\sqrt {n^{5}}$ Step 5: $\sqrt {n^{5}}(35m-12m)$ Step 6: $\sqrt {n^{5}}(23m)$ Step 7: $23m\sqrt {n^{5}}$
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Update this answer
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| 0.999958 |
Trigonometry (10th Edition)
Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0321671775
ISBN 13: 978-0-32167-177-6
Appendix D - Graphing Techniques - Exercises: 2b
C : it is a reflection across the x-axis
Work Step by Step
For every $y$-value of the graph of $y = -\sqrt[3]{x}$ is the negative of the corresponding $y$-value of $y = \sqrt[3]{x}$. This has the effect of reflecting the graph across the x-axis.
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Update this answer
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| 0.981497 |
Free Java Fundamentals Practice Test Paper
Simplilearn’s Java test makes taking the real certification test a breeze. With this Java online test, you can sort your weak and strong programming areas and design your learning module accordingly. This Java exam is for those who want to leave no stone unturned when preparing for their test. Take the uncertainty out of the certification exam with this mock paper, which is a representation of the certification exam. Give it a go today!
• 50 Questions,
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If you’re looking to master web application development for virtually any computing platform, this Java Certification Training Course ...
2. Test Duration: 120 Minutes
3. Number of questions: 50 Multiple Choice Questions
Please fill the form below to start the Practice Test
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1. Confirm the correct syntax for the while loop.
2. Why do users use JAVA?
3. The JAVA language is designed around the ideologies of which of the following?
4. Select an operator required to assign memory to array variable in Java.
5. Select a Data type which is NOT considered as an Object in JavaScript.
6. Select the correct feature of Java.
7. During initialization of an array which option has to be specified?
8. Confirm the numerical range of a char in Java?
9. What does JVM stand for?
10. Name the values that comprises Boolean variable.
11. Select the valid Boolean statement.
12. Name the source file generated by the JVM after assembling the Java source code?
13. By using 'Just-In-Time' compilers to execute the code, Java empowers high enactment.
14. In the given options, 'pow()' is related to which class?
15. How are Session beans produced?
16. Java synchronized program will simply be performed by a single thread at a period.
17. x=x+1 is comparable to which one of the given choices in Java?
18. Why is Synchronization required in Java?
19. How does 'Runnable' statement work using multiple threads?
20. Select the Java code editor.
21. If method carries the same name as class name and method doesn't have any return type, then it is known as.......?
22. The applet engine is a program used for?
23. Choose the methods that have identical names but diverse parameter list ?
24. Explain a program in a single word that describes the stages necessary to instantiate one object of that program?
25. How do users associate enum categories?
26. Confirm the variable statements that are prohibited in Java.
27. Using which technique can users sort a group by normal order of its elements in Java?
28. Is it possible to produce zero dimension arrays in Java?
29. Why do Java programs need a method called main()?
30. What is the difference between Vector and ArrayList?
31. Java permits the users to include two types of variables, name them.
32. Select the statement that defines that Java is a Robust language.
33. Select a method that references the source of an object.
34. What is the function called, when a subclass implements a technique that is previously provided by a superclass.
35. Select the features of Java.
36. Select the correct statement that defines Java.
37. An interface in Java may contain ....... only.
38. Can a Java interface have member variables?
39. What is the function described below known as: public class Foo{ private static Foo instance; private Foo(){ } private static getInstance(){ if (instance == null){ instance = new Foo(); } return instance; }
40. Which of the subsequent JNDI properties delivers safety data?
41. Confirm the syntax for making a class derived from the class named MyClass.
42. What would be an output of a program if the main() is not stagnant?
43. Confirm the correct statement from the given options.
44. Using which keyword can a user describe packages in Java?
45. What are the fundamental JMS-related entities required for each JMS-enabled request?
46. What does inheritance stand for in Java?
47. Name the method which performs only once.
48. What type of exception can occur in Java?
49. The class java.sql.Timestamp is associated with which class?
50. What object in Java can accumulate group of other objects?
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| 0.87199 |
Chatbot builder documentation
What are the chatbot builder’s features?
A chatbot will answer predefined questions automatically and can be used within all our supported messengers. Our chatbot builder enables our customers to set up their own chatbots. Setting up a chatbot without prior experience can be done within minutes.
The interface of the chatbot builder is segmented into five simple steps:
Dialogues: Dialogues are the central element. Here the connection between questions and the corresponding bot answers is made. To create a simple chatbot, using only dialogues is enough.
Topics: Topics help to structure the flow of conversation between the chatbot and a user. Specific answers are given if the chatbot registers the question is within a certain topic. Outside of that topic the same question can result in a different answer.
Data model: The chatbot builder also supports Data Models. Entities can be used to group similar objects. It is possible to use entities in the dialogues, generating several similar dialogues concerning all objects of an entity at the same time.
Analyze: With the Analyze feature, you can obtain information on your bot’s performance and development. It displays the trending bot questions and whether the bot answered them and thus creates a great and simple opportunity for optimization.
Preview: Within preview mode every bot can be thoroughly tested before it is released to the channel audience. The preview is a full simulation of the bot so that it can be tested for full functionality.
The central element of the Chatbot Builder is the Dialogue menu.
Here you can not only define user entries that will trigger a response, but it is also possible to upload pictures and to create buttons for bot answers.
Creating questions and corresponding bot answers is simple. However, it makes sense to follow a few rules.
Creating Dialogues
You connect an answer to user entries by creating at least one “user question” for the bot to respond to and a corresponding “answer”. Clicking the save icon will create the Dialogue element.
Clicking to the green arrow to the right will open a Dialogue elements editing view, where you can upload a picture and/or define buttons for the answer.
Editing the Bot Answer
It is possible to edit the bot answer. Clicking on the green arrow on the right-hand side of a Dialogue element opens its editing view. In this view, you have the option to upload a picture and create or edit buttons for this specific answer. The green arrow to the left will lead you back to the Dialogue view.
Image formats are PNG and JPG.
Buttons have character restrictions in order for them not to be cut off in messenger apps.
For Facebook Messenger, Telegram, and Insta, you can also add button actions. If you simply add a text for your button and leave the button action empty, this text will be treated as a text entry. Since WhatsApp does not support buttons, users need to enter the equivalent to the button action manually. There is a field for this purpose in which you can enter text that will only be displayed in WhatsApp and which should give users instructions on what they need to enter.
Buttons can have a link as button action. These are automatically shortened for WhatsApp and will be added below the answer.
How to use Dialogues
Following the steps mentioned above repeatedly, it is already possible to build a bot that answers user questions. There are, however, a few things to keep in mind in order to create a good bot.
The following principles are important:
User Questions are prioritized from top to bottom.*
Example: You could have two identical user questions right above each other. Let’s say, they are both the word “help”. Only the first one’s answer will ever be outputted. The lower one will be highlighted in soft yellow in order to help you detect conflicting user questions.
• The bot only recognizes user questions if the words come in the right order.
Example: You have a Dialogue that is prompted by “opening hours”. If a user asks “What are your opening hours?” the bot will identify the entry as a match; if a user would ask “In how many hours are you opening?” the bot would not consider the entry a match.
*There is one exception: The bot prioritizes Dialogues that belong to the same Topic as the answer that it just gave.
Based on these principles, the following rule can be derived:
Your questions should look like a funnel – those consisting of several words should be questions asking about specific information and these should be above short and one-word questions that concern information of a more general nature.
The bot is supposed to give specific information when a user asks for the price or brand of a product – let’s say, peanuts. If the question is less specific or if it concerns something that is not price or quantity, the bot is supposed to give general information on the product. This would mean that the user question “peanuts” should be placed below more specific user questions, such as “price peanuts”, “how much are peanuts”, “what peanuts cost”, “brand peanuts”…
Putting the simple one-word entry “peanuts” above those consisting of several words will give the lower user questions a yellow background to indicate that they have been rendered useless by an entry above.
Topics create a context for responses and control what the bot recognizes as user entries. It is possible to create an unlimited number of Topics and to add an unlimited number of Dialogues to a Topic.
In the Dialogue view, you can hide or display the Dialogues within a specific Topic.
An arrow pointing to the right indicates that a Topic is closed.
An open Topic is indicated by an arrow that is pointing downwards. All Dialogue elements in this Topic are visible when the Topic is open.
All Dialogues can be opened or closed by clicking on the buttons in the upper right corner of the Dialogues page:
Controling the Bot’s Behavior with Topics
Topics play an important role in creating a context for responses and controling what the bot recognizes as user entries.
Your Topics need to be activated via another Dialogue in order to become active.
This makes it possible to create one yes/no question per Topic and to have the bot respond adequately to user responses like “yes”, “sure”, “no”, “nope” etc. within a subject.
The bot behaves as follows:
Initially, no Topic is active. Dialogues in Priority and Default are always recognized by the bot. An additional Topic can be activated via a Dialogue in Priority or Default.
Only one Topic can be active at a time.
The reading order of the bot is as follows:
(Active Topic)
Inactive Topic 1
Inactive Topic 2
Inactive Topic 3
Priority always comes first. If a Topic is active, it directly follows after Priority and Default comes last.
Activating Topics via a Dialogue
It is possibe to activate or deactivate a Topic via a Dialogue. The Dialogues of a topic are only recognized by the bot if they are in Priority, an active Topic, or in Default.
• If you combine a bot with our customer service module, you need to make sure that the bot does not frequently respond to user messages that you would rather have your staff respond to.
• It makes a lot of sense to plan the bot’s architecture and content beforehand. Topics play an important role in a bot’s architecture.
Variables (PRO)
The entities, which are described in the Data Model section, allow you to define data sets that the bot can flexibly access. These are information that you provide. In many cases, what you want is for the user to give you information that you can save and also use later on, e.g. for an order.
For this kind of scenario, the Chatbot Builder supports variables.
These can be used in the Dialogues. At the moment, you can have users set variables and you can give them back to the user. Depending on the messenger, you can also use variables in buttons. We are continuously developing new features. Feel free to tell us about your desired use case and we will let you know if the feature you require is already in development and we can learn from your ideas.
Exporting variables is not yet a feature of the Chatbot Builder. You can, however, combine the Builder with a Customer Service Module to manually collect the values from user chats.
Variables have a name (that you give them in the Variables section). They can be used in the Dialoges with this name. They also have a type and other attribues, such as a range of values and an expiration time.
The name of the Variable can be used in the Dialoges by putting it between $ signs.
The type of variable defines possible values and there is an automatic drop-down menu for selecting one of the existing entitites.
You can select or limit possible values for the variable here. This is necessary for some types. For other value types it makes no sense and is therefore not possible.
this field sets the expiration time for a variable in seconds. The value is automatically deleted after this period of time.
Value for no expiration: -1
The Different Types of Variables in Detail
A “Number” variable can save one number (decimal numbers are possible). The range of valid entries can be altered by relational operators (<, >, <=, >=):
e.g. “<=0” to exclude negative numbers. A space is interpreted as an AND, e.g. “>=0 <=100” for values from 0 to 100.
You would like to collect a user’s age. You could limit the possible entries as mentioned above and comment invalid entries via additional dialogues that are triggered by number variables for the respective ranges.
“Word” variables use the first entry up to the next space or punctuation mark that a user enters where the variable is placed in the dialogue’s user question. The bot would therefore recognize “Mary-Sue” as one word, however, only recognize “Mary” for “Mary Sue”.
For a limited number of valid entries, an enumeration may be a better alternative.
A “Text” variable saves a sequence of words and/or characters. The sequence can include punctuation marks.
At the moment, German and English date formats are recognized. The bot also makes dates from relative entries, such as “tomorrow” or “next week”.
At the moment, “Time” variables recognize German and English time formats.
An enumberation is a number of words or sequences that a bot recognizes as valid entries. This type of variable is similar to “Text” and “Word”, but allows only very specific entries.
A “Location” variable is set with any entry that Google Maps would accept. This type of variable uses the Google Maps Geocoding API. It usually makes sense to check back with users to make sure the right location has been recognized. The user should have the opportunity to confirm or correct the entry.
It is also possible to use the location feature of WhatsApp, Facebook Messenger, or Telegram to set the variable.
In the value field of the Variables section, you can limit possible entries to one or more countries, e.g. components=country:DE
Please refer to the documentation of the Google maps Geocoding API for in-depth information on how entries are recognized as locations: Google Maps Geocoding API
A collection works similar to an ennumberation. A collection, however, allows you to store several values instead of just one value that is overwritten whenever a user enters a matching value.
You can add as many values to a collection as you wish by dividing them with commas. A value can consist of several words or characters that can also be divided by spaces.
It is possible to trigger specific dialogues depending on the values that have been collected when a new collection value is entered by the user. To do so, you set $nameofvariable_x$ as a user question. This way, the dialogue is triggered when the “x”th value is entered by the user.
Using $nameofvariable_duplicate$ as a user question will create a dialogue that is triggered whenever a user enters a collection value that has already been collected.
If you have created entities, you can set these as a variable. Using an entity variable will set all of the entity’s identifiers as possible values of the variable.
Commands for Variables
The following commands, which have an effect on a user’s variable values, can be used in the Dialogues:
deletes all values set by the user
deletes all variable values and ends the current topic
(e.g. $clear_variable1$, if the respective variable is named “variable1”)
deletes the current value of the respective variable
Data Model
It is often desirable for the bot to answer questions about a number of similar objects, e.g. weather information for a large number of cities.
Instead of creating numerous similar Dialogues, you can use placeholders that will automatically get the respective data from your data model. To achieve this, you go to Data Model and create entities.
First, it is important to consider which entities (which groups of similar objects) make sense for your scenario and to identify the required attributes. Additional attributes may be created later on and they can be deleted anytime.
As a rule, groups of objects that share similar traits and can be arranged in a table can be used as entities.
Creating Entities
First, create a new entity by clicking on the “+ Entity” button.
You now have two options: You can either edit the entity via the browser interface or you can import a table in the right format. A document that is suitable for import can be created in a spreadsheet in Excel or a similar program. Import formats are: “Text (Tab-delimited)” (.txt) and CSV.
Editing Entities via the Chatbot Builder Interface
In this example we have the entity “food”*. It includes 5 attributes (colour, shape, price, health, name) and 4 objects (apples, chocolate, broccoli, and sunflower seeds). The objects and their attributes can be used in Dialogues.
*You could write “food”, “FOOD” or even “fOoD” – neither an entity’s name nor its attributes are case-sensitive.
Importing Entities
You can use Excel or a similar program to create an import file for an entity.
Simply use the name of the entity as file name; the import table should look very similar to what it will look like in the editing view of the entity.
First, let’s say, the bot is supposed to answer questions about the color of a specific food. For the answer, the bot uses the entry in the “name” column and the entry in the “colour” column that match the identifier that has been used in the user’s question. Of course, the placeholders need to be included into the answer in a way that makes a correct sentence. This should be considered when creating the entity: e.g. singular and plural forms in an attribute column could cause problems in sentences.
There are often several ways to ask the same thing.
When creating a Dialogue on the pricing of objects, several different questions come to mind. We want to cover as many different wordings as possible without being too general. Simply using %food% alone can make sense at the very bottom of our Topic, in order to give general information on a type of food. It would, however, not make sense to answer any question on a specific food by telling the user the price. The goal is to be specific enough to not answer questions the wrong way, but to cover as many wordings as possible.
For more information on how to work with Dialogues, please refer to the Dialogue page.
Here is an example of how many Dialogues would be required without the entity in order to replace a Dialogue that works with the entity. Both cover the same questions, e.g.
What do chocolate bars cost?
How much is the broccoli?
How much are the apples?
How much does a serving of sunflower seeds clost?
How much are sun flower seeds?
What’s the price of chocolate?
What is the price of broccoli?
Dialogue with Entity
This is what the Dialogue looks like with placeholders.
Dialogues without Entity
These Dialogues would be required to replace the Dialogue that works with the entity.
In Analyse you will find two graphs to help you evaluate the bot’s performance.
The first graph shows the number of chats that the bot has answered and development your bot’s quantitative usage over time:
The second graph displays the most frequent incoming chats of the last 24 hours. Green means that the bot responded to a chat; red means that it did not recognize any keywords. Responses are not automatically positive while not responding needn’t be a sign of bad performance, since it may not be desirable for the bot to respond to all incoming chats.
Entries that are marked red may be an indicator for missing keywords and can help decide what dialogues you should add for the bot to answer a frequently asked question.
The Preview feature allows a bot test directly via the interface. This way, it is possible to set up the bot without putting it in the channel. When the bot is set to “active”, it is available in the channel. If it is set to “inactive”, it is only available via the Preview.
It is advisable to test each Dialogue in the Preview when first setting up a bot with the Chatbot Builder. It helps to get a good idea of how the product works.
The bot’s status can easily be changed in the upper left corner of the Dialogue view.
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| 0.701086 |
The Scutellosaurus is a kind of dinosaur that has a maximum size of about 1.2 meters long. Though it was bipedal and had a raptor-like shape and size, it was herbivorous. The name "Scutellosaurus" means "little-shielded lizard," and was named after the armor plates on its body. It was one of the earliest armored dinosaurs, existing in the Jurassic period.
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| 0.946938 |
Create your own at Storyboard That United NationsChurchill's famous "Iron Curtain" speechTruman DoctrineMarshall PlanNATO Pact formedWarsaw Pact FormedThe United Nations was formed June 1945.Took place at Westminister Central Hall in London, England.It was an organization to promote international cooperation & to create & maintain international order.Churchill's famous "Iron Curtain" speech took place March 5, 1946.His speech was so important because it announced the beginning of the Cold War. However, Churchill also used it as a platform to deliver his hope that the United States and Great Britain could work more closely together to police a post-war world.Truman's Doctrine took place on March 12, 1947.It was informally extended to become the basis of the Cold War policy of containment.By sending military aid to friendly nations it set an example for the principle of collective security building up a network of allies and friendly states to which the US gave military.Fact:The British were experiencing serious financial difficulties following WW2 and could no longer afford the expense of providing military aid.The Marshall Plan took place on June 5, 1947.President Truman signed the Economic Recovery Act of 1948. It became known as the Marshall Plan, named for Secretary of State GeorgeMarshall, who in 1947 proposed that the United States provide economic assistance to restore the economic infrastructure of postwar Europe.It was important because it was an American initiative to aid Western Europe, in which the United States gave $13 billion in economic support to help rebuild Western European economies afterthe end of World War II.NATO formed on April 4, 1949.NATO was the first peacetime military alliance the United States entered into outside of theWestern Hemisphere.Nations included were BelgiumCanada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, the United Kingdom, and the United States.The Warsaw Pact formed May 14, 1955.Nations included were AlbaniaBulgariaCzechoslovakia, East Germany, HungaryPoland, and Romania.The Warsaw pact wasa collective defense treaty among eight communist states of Central and Eastern Europe in existence during the Cold War.
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| 0.935746 |
MISSHA / Brush Cleaner - 1pcs
AED 43
AED 43
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Clean the brush without washing the water! You can also quickly and easily erase various color make-up tools.
How to use:
1. Rinse the brush gently with a black sponge to wipe the color.
2. If one side gets dirty, turn over a black sponge.
3. Dirty sponge can be cleaned, dried and reused.
4. Use a white sponge to check that the brush has been cleaned properly and the brush fix.
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When fireworks light up the sky on a summer night, their glow is expansive against a black night sky. Were fireworks to meet the sky in daylight, the sparkle would be lost. The brilliance could not be seen. Often that is the way with the brilliance of Christ’s light; it often is best seen in dark times.
Seasons of grief, melancholy, loneliness, and emptiness, are times when the brilliance of Christ is more evident than in times when we do not think we need Him. We always need Jesus. But when our hearts sink due to life’s sorrows and challenges, it is Jesus who holds us up. It is Jesus who shines through our tears and beyond them. Jesus keeps hope alive, even when hope is not seen or felt. Jesus is the brilliance we need. Trusting His presence when we cannot see or feel it is faith. Trust that faith—today.
Lord Jesus, You know what it is for believers to go through dark seasons. These times seem pointless and endless. You know it hurts. But You, Jesus, are hope. You are the One to carry us through. Jesus, thank You for Your strength and Your promise to be with us always. Thank you for being our hope. Amen
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Horoscope Zodiac Signs
Horoscope A horoscope is a chart that shows the positioning of stellar rays of planets at the specific moment of an individual`s birth. A natal chart is cast based on astronomical calculations.. Time and place of birth are the basic factors in a horoscope. Based on the level of accuracy of the above two factors, it would be easy to delineate the character of an individual and predict the events that would unfold in one`s life.
One has to realize that one`s past deeds determines the present and future conditions to be harvested by the individual and the chart indicates the areas to be worked upon in the current lifetime. It also comprises one`s entire personality that is unique for each individual.
• It shows the zodiac signs, 12 houses, 9 planets and lagnas. Planets represent the inner forces of one`s personality and all planets wield influence in one`s life at some time or the other.
• The 12 zodiac signs are the divisions of the heavens relative to the vernal equinox and the ecliptic which are the places of reference in space. Each of the 12 signs of the zodiac has exactly 30 degrees, which never varies, thereby making a complete circle of the zodiac of 360 degrees.
• The 12 houses or bhavas represent the entire history of the individual. The 12 houses are the stellar divisions relative to the birthplace and horizon which are places of reference on the earth. Planets influence our lives through the 12 houses that correspond to the various aspects in one`s life. They govern areas like self, relatives, brothers, mother, intelligence, sons, faith in God, enemies, love and marriage, deaths, guru, career, gains, sub conscious mind, and expenditure.
• Lagna is the first house or ascendant sign or the rising sign. Each of the 12 houses and each of the nine planets can be used as a lagna or baseline from which predictions can be made. In practice, there are a large number of lagna which signify the baseline character of all life`s activities. For example, to judge the emotional character and all responses to life, one should read from the Chandra lagna.
The 12 houses are carried by us in the aura that surrounds each individual. Each house shows one a part of life and lessons to be learnt in one`s lifetime. It represents the merits earned and misdeeds done in past lives and we reap from each house what we have sown at the destined time.
The varying angles of the sun and the planets create different physical, moral and mental tendencies in an individual. The states of consciousness experienced by one correspond to particular planets. By understanding the stellar forces in the play of destiny, one should accordingly regulate life advantageously.
The different physical, moral and mental tendencies in an individual are created by the varying angles of the sun and the moon. Particular planets help create the different states of consciousness experienced by one. Life should be led with deep awareness and acceptance by understanding that the stellar forces are responsible in the play of destiny.
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Skip to Content
cyclothymic disorder
1. a mental disorder characterized by noticeable, clinically significant swings of mood, largely unrelated to life events, from depression to hypomania, of lesser magnitude than in bipolar disorder.
Synonym(s): cyclothymia1
See Also: cyclothymia2, bipolar disorder
Further information
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solar reflectance index decking
solar reflectance compared to . use solachrome high-sr concrete color on playgrounds, on sidewalks, in parks, on plazas, on pool decks, on outdoor cafes and restaurants, in theme .
solar reflectance index (sri), leed credits. cool antique slate, 0.27, 0.92, 29, yes. cool barkwood, 0.27, 0.92, 29, yes. cool weathered wood, 0.26, 0.92, 29, yes .
solar reflective index or sri . use roofing materials having a solar reflectance index (sri) equal to or greater than the valued . (3) equivalence: insulation with a thermal resistance of at least 0.85 hr-ft2- ºf/btu or at least a 3/4" airspace is added to the roof deck over an attic;.
solar reflectance) and efficiently emit thermal radiation (thermal emittance). by cooling the roof and lessening heat transfer into the building, cool roofs .
deck can cause structural failure not only due to the weight of the water, but also due to penetration of the deck by the water. the freeze/thaw . solar reflectance index (sri) indicates the roof's ability to reject solar heat, and is essentially the combined value of reflectivity and emittance.
solar reflectance index (sri): incorporates both solar reflectance and thermal emissivity in a single value. sri measures the roof's ability to reject solar heat. standard black (reflectance 0.05, emittance 0.90) is 0 and a standard white (reflectance 0.80, emittance 0.90) is 100. solar radiation heats up the roof surface.
solar reflectance index (sri)4 equal to or greater than the values in the table below for a minimum of 75% of the roof .
two coats of high reflectance coating white reflex. 2. primer. joint deck. trapezoidal or corrugated panels in good condition . the solar reflectance index (sri) on bituminous surfaces of 104 for white reflex and white reflex fire resistant and 110 for white reflex ultra,.
solar reflective shingles and solar reflective roofing membranes can be an important component in a building system designed to reduce overall building energy consumption and the impact the home or building has on the environment. solar reflective shingles are defined as having surfaces that primarily reflect .
solar reflectance index measure incorporating aged reflectance emittance into a single value. crrc # = product . for roof slopes 7:12 and below that were installed in a direct deck installation, nail an approximately 12 x 6 piece of ½ plywood to the deck in position to act as a batten. next, insert a new .
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Deep Breathe
As you are sitting in front of your computer right now, take a moment to check your posture. You are probably slouching slightly in your seat, your shoulders are rolled forward, and your head and neck are protruding. While you are sitting in this position, try this simple exercise: take a deep, long, belly breath. Did you notice how much effort it took? Did it feel unnatural? Now, sit back in your chair, lower your shoulders from your ears, tuck in your chin, and repeat the breath. Notice how much more depth you were able to achieve, and how much more fulfilling the breath was! Most people agree that maintaining good posture is important, but they may not know the implications for their health.
The simple exercise above demonstrates how poor posture can affect your breathing. People that sit at a desk for an extended period of time are particularly vulnerable. These people will gradually slouch, assuming the posture above, and eventually their breathing becomes shallow and quick. Shallow breathing utilizes accessory muscles in your neck and shoulders, which can lead to fatigue, neck pain, and tension-type headaches.
Rolling the shoulders forward puts increased tension between the shoulder blades, which accentuates the natural curve in the upper spine. This leads to chest tightness, weakness of the shoulder girdle, and it often irritates the rib cage, again, leading to short and shallow breathing.
It is essential that we retrain our posture and relearn how to breathe.
The importance of core-breathing is mostly discovered in practicing yoga. Many of the classes focus on breathing from the lower belly, sometimes even placing the hand near the diaphragm to emphasize where the breath should originate. Some difficult postures require slow and steady breaths. During shavasana, or meditation, the body seems to demand long, deep, fulfilling breaths to clear the mind and relax the muscles.
Be aware of your breath and posture. Check yourself in the mirror. From the side, your ear should align with your shoulder, which should align with your hip, which should align with your knee, which should align with your ankle. Begin trying these simple habits, and incorporate them into your routine:
Set an alarm for every 20 minutes while you are sitting at a desk to remind yourself to get up, stretch, and hydrate.
Place your hand on your abdomen and practice deep, diaphragmatic breathing.
Occasionally switch up your desk chair for a Swiss ball.
While walking, imagine you are holding a 10 lbs. weight in each hand to remind yourself to drop your shoulders down.
Perform simple chin-tucks while you are sitting at a red light.
Take in a yoga class, and concentrate more on your breath than on how awkward you look
Breathing is fundamental to life. Oxygen nourishes our tissues. We take our breath for granted. Become more aware of your posture, and just breathe.
Info Credit: Google Health
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domenica 22 gennaio 2017
«Lux orta est»
On this Sunday, we start the reading of Matthew’s gospel that will accompany us during the present liturgical year. Since the gospels are four and we read them in pieces, in a discontinuous way, it is difficult for us to have a comprehensive view of them. Today’s passage can help us to assemble the different details we have about Jesus’ movements. We know that Mary and Joseph were from Nazareth in Galilee; but Jesus was born at Bethlehem in Judea, because of a census. After the visit of the magi, his family was forced to take refuge in Egypt, to avoid the persecution of Herod. After Herod’s death, they came back to the land of Israel and settled down in Nazareth, where Jesus grew up and lived until he was thirty (that is why he was known as Jesus of Nazareth or the Nazarene). The baptism, with which he began his public life, and the following temptations in the desert took place in Judea. Today’s gospel tells us that, since John the Baptist had been arrested, Jesus prudently preferred to withdraw to his homeland, Galilee. Then Matthew states that Jesus “left Nazareth and went to live in Capernaum.” He does not tell us why; but we know from Luke that he was forced to leave his hometown after visiting the synagogue there, when he said: “No prophet is accepted in his own native place” (Lk 4:16-30). Therefore, he took up his residence in Capernaum, a town on the northern shore of the Sea of Galilee, around thirty kilometers from Nazareth, and made it his headquarters. There he started his ministry, which was not confined to Capernaum, but covered the whole Galilee.
So, Jesus hailed from Galilee, and performed his ministry in Galilee. It could seem obvious; but it has a profound meaning. We cannot ignore that Galilee was a despised region: the Jews considered it as a half-pagan country. In the Old Testament, it had been conquered by the Assyrians, who had deported its people replacing them with people of pagan religion. For that reason, it was known as “Galilee of the Gentiles.” Well, Jesus precisely chose that region to start his ministry. Matthew sees in this fact the fulfillment of Isaiah’s prophecy: “The people who sit in darkness have seen a great light, on those dwelling in a land overshadowed by death light has arisen” (lux orta est). Jesus is the light that shines in the darkness. But we can see in this choice of Jesus even another meaning: it is a foretaste of what would happen in the future, when the gospel was refused by the Jews and the apostles had to turn to the Gentiles, who accepted it.
What does Jesus do during his ministry? Matthew answers this question as follows: “He went around all of Galilee, teaching in their synagogues, proclaiming the gospel of the kingdom, and curing every disease and illness among the people.” Jesus speaks and acts—preaches and heals. Both of these activities are for announcing good news: “The kingdom of heaven is at hand.” These are the same words pronounced by John the Baptist; Jesus takes them up, but with a different meaning: with him the kingdom of God has already begun to be present.
Jesus does not want to perform his ministry by himself; he looks for some disciples, who may share in his work. Usually, at that time, it was the disciples that chose their master; in this case, instead, it is Jesus that calls his collaborators. Today’s gospel relates the call of the first four disciples. They are two pairs of brothers: Simon and Andrew, James and John. All of them are fishermen. Even in this case, Jesus does not choose learned people, but simple workers. He asks them to abandon everything and follow him. He promises them to change their lives: from fishermen to fishers of men. And they accept his proposal quickly: at once they leave their job and their families and follow Jesus. The same promptness Jesus expects of us, if we want to be his disciples and share in his mission.
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Write a personal statement
The fact is that one usually has to submit it when applying to college.
College Application Personal Statement
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Writing a personal statement is an important part of the Maryland Sea Grant REU application.
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A personal statement on your CV is a great way to give your job application extra impact.My personal statement timeline Now relax Give yourself time to plan and write your personal statement.
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Kathryn Abell of Edukonexion shares some tips ahead of her talk at the British Education Fair in Madrid taking place on 19-20 October 2015.Greenwell Welcome The Office of the Associate Vice Chancellor and Dean of Students in Student Affairs is dedicated to creating an inclusive environment that.
Residency Personal Statement
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The personal statement should be a comprehensive narrative essay outlining significant aspects of your academic and personal history, particularly those that provide.Effective free tips how to write a good personal statement essay will help with your writing.Enjoy online personal statement help and do a successful personal.
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Personal statement is an academic paper that is typically required by the majority of professors in different educational institutions.A personal statement lets an academic institution, organization, workplace, or potential client know more about you and the reasons.
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This is your opportunity to distinguish yourself from the other applicants.
Example Personal Statement How to write a personal statement for your CV.
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How to add data to a specific column by iterating through loop in the same excel sheet from which the data is being read?
1)Consider a sample excel sheet which already has some data in it.
2)Read the row data from the excel sheet column by column and row by row ,and search that particular data in multiple websites.
3)For instance,if the data is found in the first website, a input dialogue box appears to type “yes/no”.If the user types “Yes/No” then a new column of name of that website is to be created and a string named “Matched/Unmatched” is to be added to that column in the same excel sheet which is being read.
4)After adding, the same row data should be searched in another website and step 3 should be repeated and the response entered by the user should be entered dynamically in the same excel sheet, the following process should continue for multiple websites.
Please help me to solve this problem!!!.
@lucky121 use parallel statement actvity inside this give your websites and apply if condition
could you give me an example project of parallel statement activity @indra
@lucky121 Follow this link
thanks for your reply. but i’m facing problem with data entry into the excel sheet, for the first time when the loop is running the result i.e,(“matched/unmatched”) is being inserted into the first row of the desired column and for second iteration the result should be inserted in the second row of the same column, but for me the first inserted result is being overwritten by the second iteration.
Thats my main problem.Please help
@lucky121 In write cell activity first count num of rows count and pass rows count +1 in the write cell range
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John C. Rader Photography | Animals | "Honu Of Punalu`u #13"
"Honu Of Punalu`u #13"
Here we see two turtles laying on lava rocks warmed by the sun to re-energize while another turtle feeds on limu algae in the protected shallows of a tide pool.
This shot is a long exposure shot, which gives an idea of how still these turtles are when resting!
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Oct 23rd: John 7-8
John 7
1. Why did Jesus' brothers tell him to go to Judea?
2. Who stood up for Jesus at the feast?
3. From whom did Jesus speak His doctrine?
4. What did Jesus want the Jews to understand about His healing the man on the Sabbath?
5. Who spoke up to help Jesus receive justice?
John 8
1. How did the Father bear witness of Jesus?
2. How do we ensure we are a disciple of Jesus?
3. How can the truth set you free?
4. If the Jews were Abraham's children, what should they be doing?
5. How did Abraham see the day of Jesus?
6. What revelation did Jesus make known about He and Abraham?
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Constitutional Compromises Essay
On May 25, 1787, fifty-five delegates from twelve states met in Philadelphia to revise the Articles of Confederation. Instead, they decided to totally scrap the Articles and create a new Constitution, known as "a bundle of compromises." Whatever these leaders' personal desires, they had to compromise and adopt what was acceptable to the entirety of America, and what presumably would be suitable to the nation as a whole. There were many compromises made at the Constitutional Convention, such as representation, slavery, and laws concerning foreign/ interstate imports and exports.
The compromise of most importance was named the "Great Compromise." Delegates were quite interested in how their state will be represented in this recently independent country. Edmund Randolph, speaking for the state of Virginia, proposed the "large-state plan." This plan anticipated that representation for each state should be based on population. William Paterson, of New Jersey, disagreed with Randolph's plan, fearing that the stronger states would band together and ignore the smaller, less-populous states.
Therefore, the "small-state plan" was proposed, emphasizing equal representation from all states. After much argument, the Constitutional Confederation decided that the Congress would have two houses: the House of Representatives (where the number of representatives was based on the state's population), and the Senate (where each state would have two representatives). Virginia finally agreed with this negotiation when the Confederation promised that all tax bills and revenue measurements would start in the House of Representatives, where population counted more heavily. The second compromise was a strong, independent executive branch, with a president who would be military commander-in-chief and could veto the legislation. This president would be elected through the Electoral College, rather than by the people directly. Anti-federalists believed that the executive branch did not effectively represent the people, and that only the...
Other Compromises
Problem: Slavery would rear its ugly head once again. Northern abolitionists wanted the importation of slaves banned in the Constitution, hoping that by doing so, slavery would prove unprofitable and die out. Southern delegates insisted that the slave trade was vital to the economic development of the South.
Solution: Congress was given power to ban the slave trade after 1808. The issue of slavery, however, would not be resolved until the Civil War.
Problem: Northerners and Southerners disagreed on tarrifs. The South's economy was dependent on foreign trade whereas the North wanted protection from foreign competition in order to sell their goods.
Solution: The federal government can tax imports but not exports.
Problem: Some delegates believed the president should be elected directly; others believed that the people could not be trusted with such an important decision, calling instead for election by state legislatures.
Solution: The Constitution established the Electoral College which elects the president. The people's vote determines who votes in the Electoral College.
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10 Questions to Ask Any CT Cleaning Contractor
10 Questions To Ask A Connecticut Cleaning Company
1. Are you insured and bonded?
2. Who are your current clients, and can I see reviews?
3. Do you specialize in homes or certain types of businesses?
4. How will I be able to communicate with you throughout the contract?
5. What is your site-inspection process like?
6. What is your cleaner-hiring process like? Can you comply with our company’s security policy?
7. Will we be working with the same cleaners and managers, or different ones every time?
8. How are you better than my current cleaning company or in-house cleaners?
9. How do you deal with mold or bacteria?
10. Do you offer any specific sanitation options?
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| 0.732385 |
Facebook VR Activities Engineer in Menlo Park, California
As a VR Activities Engineer working within the Social VR Team at Facebook, you’ll be driving efforts to create and explore interactive virtual reality experiences that provide delightful, social play and creativity experiences for people connecting through Spaces VR. These experiences will in part explore and define the future of online social interaction. The ideal candidate is an experienced software engineer with a games, VR or other 3d interactive industry background and an enthusiasm for virtual reality and rapid and iterative exploratory development.
Required Skills:
1. Driving design and implementation for proposed playful and creative Social VR projects
2. Lead collaboration with multi-functional teams to achieve compelling experiences
3. Individual contribution to the development of these features
4. Engage with FB teams to understand and utilize FB graph and features within Social VR projects
Minimum Qualifications:
2. 5+ years experience as an engineer shipping user-facing features on games or other 3D interactive products
3. Knowledge of 3D math, linear algebra, and techniques
Preferred Qualifications:
1. Virtual reality experience (Rift, Vive, GearVR, etc.)
2. C++ and C# programming experience
3. A combination of Windows, Android, and game console programming experience
4. Knowledge in Unity 3D
5. Realtime networked features (i.e synchronous multiplayer games)
6. Thrives in dynamic, fast-paced environments
Industry: Internet
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Executive/Leadership Coaching
Coaching that focuses on the challenges and issues that are seen as blockers to fully productive relationships and outcomes.
Executive/Leadership Coaching involves the leader in a process of exploration into the specific challenge they are experiencing and the possibilities of why they are experiencing this situation.
The coaching then explores what shifts the executive/leader can make to create a more satisfactory outcome.
Contact us about Executive/Leadership Coaching
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Friday, June 21, 2013
On the Idea of Learning More
First, watch this video from NASA. Pure visual poetry that reminds us the world is large and amazing, its people varied.
Little darling, you know the sun is slowly rising....
Next, try reading this poem aloud (and it should definitely be aloud):
Upriver, Downriver
Bella Coola, Clallum, Comox, Halkomelem
Lummi, Lushootseed, Musqueam, Saanich,
Salish, Songish, Sooke, Squamish,
Twana, Couer d'Alene, Columbia-Wanatchi,
Kalispel, Lillooet, Okanagan, Shuswap,
Spokane, Thompson, Tillamook, Chehalis
It sounds like one of those wonderful children's counting games out on the playground, doesn't it? But it's a list of the different permutations of the Salishan language group spoken by many Native Americans in the Pacific Northwest. And the list comes to me via the The World Atlas of Language Structures.
A World Atlas of Language Structures???? Who knew there was something so strange and wonderful? Granted, it's not for everyone. But as far as I'm concerned - ooh! For example, Chapter 13 talks about "tone" in different world languages:
"All languages make use of variations in the musical pitch of the voice as part of their sound systems, but they differ in the ways in which modifications of pitch are used and how many different types of functions are served by pitch variations. Linguists distinguish between two of the major uses of pitch as tone and intonation. Intonation is the term that is used to describe sentence types, such as question versus statement, or to indicate whether a speaker has finished or intends to continue speaking, or to show which parts of an utterance present new or highlighted information versus old or less significant information.
Tone is the term used to describe the use of pitch patterns to distinguish individual words or the grammatical forms of words, such as the singular and plural forms of nouns or different tenses of verbs. In the simplest cases, each syllable of a language with tones will have its own characteristic tonal pattern, which may be a relatively flat pitch at a particular level, or may involve the pitch rising or falling over the duration of the syllable. When the pitch has a moving pattern of this sort, the tone is described as a contour tone."
Contour tone = moving pattern of pitch. Must learn more!
Visi-Pitch Displays Chinese word wenti - I have no idea how to read this.
Click here for a world map that shows tonal pattern groups. Apparently, English is one of 307 languages that has "no tone." How can that be? That can't be right. Must learn more. Navajo and certain forms of Japanese are on the list of 132 languages that have "simple tone systems" and Cantonese, Mandarin, Thai and Vietnamese all have "complex tonal systems." Something to do with tone within syllables. Must learn more!
Be sure to click on Gender Types (some languages include five genders that have to have subjects, modifiers and verbs agree syntactically, while English only has three -he, she, it - and Spanish/French only have two - he/she.) Hard to imagine what there is besides he/she/it - isn't it? (Must learn more.)
And don't miss Rhythm Types (English is essentially trochaic, that's a surprise. Swedish, Russian, Turkish have no rhythmic stresses, how is that possible? Winnebago and Yup'ik are iambic - wish I could hear that.) Here's the map that shows Rhythm Types around the world.
The list of language features at that site goes on and on. Some sound dull. Some sound like Interesting Stuff, bound to inspire a few poems. My kind of site.
The Poetry Friday Round-Up this week is being hosted by Carol over at Carol's Corner. Head there to see what other people have posted.
1. Fascinating! And no wonder your brain has such fabulous output--look what you put IN it!
2. Fascinating. It is easier to hear what a language sounds like when you don't understand the words. I wonder how English would sound to me if I didn't leap immediately to the meaning of what I'm hearing.
3. I like your repetition of "must learn more."
The video is amazing -- the atmosphere is alive!
And the names of the language permutations -- WOW!
Double wow to A World Atlas of Language Structures!!
4. That list of languages really is a poem. I heard a poem the other day that was mostly Latin names of plants. I didn't understand most of it but it sounded so very wonderful that I loved it anyway!
5. I almost got too side-tracked by the link to WALS to leave a message -- thanks for this!!
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Paola Garcia Cardenas
STEM Super Scholars Annual Conference
Rockland Community College
Suffern, NY.
“A hands-on exploration of careers in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) for 7th and 8th Grade Girls in Rockland County, New York.”
Paola Garcia Cardenas, Parallel Programming and Cluster Computing - Puerto Rico
My workshop:
Let’s Design a Website
Building a website depends on learning HTML (HyperText Markup Language). The language of technology is exciting and only limited by your imagination. You will have a chance to learn the basic rules of construction.
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21st century engineers need skills not just to develop technologies but also to assess broad implications of those technologies. We present a faculty-librarian collaborative project designed to enable students to acquire both technical knowledge and information literacy skills to assess needs, research and evaluate emerging technologies, identify social, economical, and environmental issues, synthesize findings, and make sound decisions in a global economy.
URL: https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/csusymp2009/21
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| 0.997421 |
SsDNA virus
From Biology-Online Dictionary
Jump to: navigation, search
Any of the viruses belonging to the Class II of Baltimore classification system characterized by having a single stranded DNA as the genetic material and using a DNA-dependent DNA polymerase during replication.
Most of these viruses must enter the host nucleus before they can replicate. It is because they use the host cell's polymerases when replicating their viral genome. The parvoviruses are example of this group.
Compare: ssRNA virus, dsDNA virus.
See also: DNA virus.
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Dating violence among youth
We also work with advocates, policy makers, and others to build sustainable community leadership and educate people everywhere about the importance of respect and healthy relationships.Violence is defined by the World Health Organization as "the intentional use of physical force or power, threatened or actual, against oneself, another person, or against a group or community, which either results in or has a high likelihood of resulting in injury, death, psychological harm, maldevelopment, or deprivation," although the group acknowledges that the inclusion of "the use of power" in its definition expands on the conventional understanding of the word.In 2013, assault by firearm was the leading cause of death due to interpersonal violence, with 180,000 such deaths estimated to have occurred.The same year, assault by sharp object resulted in roughly 114,000 deaths, with a remaining 110,000 deaths from personal violence being attributed to other causes. There is a strong relationship between levels of violence and modifiable factors such as concentrated poverty, income and gender inequality, the harmful use of alcohol, and the absence of safe, stable, and nurturing relationships between children and parents.
dating violence among youth-88dating violence among youth-56
Corlin, past president of the American Medical Association said: "The United States leads the world—in the rate at which its children die from firearms." He concluded: "Gun violence is a threat to the public health of our country." Furthermore, violence often has lifelong consequences for physical and mental health and social functioning and can slow economic and social development.
Her evaluation research has included the development and evaluation of programs for preventing adolescent dating abuse and adolescent substance use. Session 2: Defining Dating Abuse: Through the discussion of scenarios and the review of statistics, students clearly define dating abuse.
Session 3: Why Do People Abuse: During group discussions and the review of scenarios, students identify the causes and consequences of dating abuse.
Strategies addressing the underlying causes of violence can be effective in preventing violence.
This initial categorization differentiates between violence a person inflicts upon himself or herself, violence inflicted by another individual or by a small group of individuals, and violence inflicted by larger groups such as states, organized political groups, militia groups and terrorist organizations.
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CAHAL’s class at HANC
Learning comes ALIVE in the CAHAL kindergarten class at the Hebrew Academy of Nassau County.
In their science lessons about plant and animal life, the children not only learned so many new concepts and vocabulary words, but they also experienced the miracles of Hashem firsthand.
The children planted lima bean seeds on paper towels in clear cups rather than in soil in order to be able to watch the germination process right before their eyes. After just three days the excitement began as the seeds shed their coats and roots began to grow.
The children watched daily and charted, in their science journals, their seeds’ progress as root hairs, stems and leaves all sprouted on the new seedlings. When the plants were ready for transplanting, the children decorated pretty pots which they then filled with soil and took home to their families as a Shavuot present.
However, that is not all that is growing in this very unique classroom.
Four weeks ago, 12 tiny caterpillars arrived in clear plastic cups filled with special food to nourish them.
The children watched with great anticipation as the caterpillars ate and ate and ate and grew for 10 days until they went into their chrysalises to do metamorphosis. What a thrill when the Painted Lady Butterflies emerged.
The children developed a strong sense of appreciation and value for Hashem’s miracles in life as well as much responsibility for their living things, remembering daily to water their plants and give their butterflies fruit and sugar water to simulate the nectar they drink in the outside world.
After enjoying the butterflies in their nets for a week, the children agreed that they would be happier if they could fly free. So 11 brave kindergartners sang “Shalom Parparim” as they released their butterflies to the skies.
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