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sohomghosh
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FinRAD_Financial_Readability_Assessment_Dataset

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1
terms
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Disguised Unemployment
Disguised unemployment exists when part of the labor force is either left without work or is working in a redundant manner such that worker productivity is essentially zero. It is unemployment that does not affect aggregate output. An economy demonstrates disguised unemployment when productivity is low and too many workers are filling too few jobs.
investopedia
1
44.44
11.6
13
13.63
13.1
10
12.166667
11.68
Disintermediation
Disintermediation is the process of cutting out the middleman. It may allow a consumer to buy directly from a wholesaler rather than through an intermediary such as a retailer. Or, it can enable a business to order directly from a manufacturer rather than from a distributor. In the financial industry, it is seen when an investor is able to buy stock directly rather than through a broker or a financial institution.
investopedia
1
53.41
10.2
13.4
10.26
10.5
8.08
12.125
12.75
Dispersion
Dispersion is a statistical term that describes the size of the distribution of values expected for a particular variable and can be measured by several different statistics, such as range, variance, and standard deviation. In finance and investing, dispersion usually refers to the range of possible returns on an investment. It can also be used to measure the risk inherent in a particular security or investment portfolio.
investopedia
1
31.92
14.3
17.5
13.47
15
10.4
17.5
16.68
Disposable Income
Disposable income, also known as disposable personal income (DPI), is the amount of money that an individual or household has to spend or save after income taxes have been deducted.
investopedia
1
32.57
16.2
0
11.73
17.4
8.81
20
17.33
Disposition
A disposition is the act of selling or otherwise "disposing" of an asset or security. The most common form of a disposition would be selling a stock investment on the open market, such as a stock exchange.
investopedia
1
52.7
10.5
0
8.41
9.3
7.54
12.25
11.72
Disruptive Innovation
Disruptive innovation refers to the innovation that transforms expensive or highly sophisticated products or services—previously accessible to a high-end or more-skilled segment of consumers—to those that are more affordable and accessible to a broader population. This transformation disrupts the market by displacing long-standing, established competitors.
investopedia
1
6.34
18
0
22.69
22.7
12.82
19.25
19.67
Disruptive Technology
Disruptive technology is an innovation that significantly alters the way that consumers, industries, or businesses operate. A disruptive technology sweeps away the systems or habits it replaces because it has attributes that are recognizably superior.
investopedia
1
19.87
14.8
0
17.75
16.5
11.72
14.25
17.29
Dissenters' Rights
Under various forms of state legislation, dissenting shareholders of a corporation are entitled to receive a cash payment for the fair value of their shares, in the event of a share-for-share merger or acquisition (M&A) to which the shareholders do not consent. Dissenters' rights allow dissenting shareholders an easy way out of the company if they do not want to be a part of the merger.
investopedia
1
46.44
15
0
10.92
18.2
8.86
22.5
17.44
Distressed Sales
A distress sale—also called a distressed sale—occurs when a property, stock, or other asset must be sold quickly. Distress sales often result in a financial loss for the seller who, for reasons of economic duress, must accept a lower price. The proceeds from these assets are most often used to pay debts or medical expenses or for other emergencies.
investopedia
1
59.94
9.8
11.2
10.73
11.7
9.97
11.833333
11.95
Distressed Securities
Distressed securities are financial instruments issued by a company that is near to—or currently going through—bankruptcy. Distressed securities can include common and preferred shares, bank debt, trade claims, and corporate bonds.
investopedia
1
47.28
10.5
0
19.66
17.3
12.05
11.25
13.94
Distributable Net Income (DNI)
The term distributable net income (DNI) refers to income allocated from a trust to its beneficiaries. Distributable net income is the maximum amount received by a unitholder or a beneficiary that is taxable. This figure is capped to ensure there is no instance of double taxation. Any amount above the DNI is, therefore, tax-free.
investopedia
1
66.23
7.4
9.5
10.9
9.5
8.69
7
9.1
Distributed Ledger Technology
Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) refers to the technological infrastructure and protocols that allows simultaneous access, validation, and record updating in an immutable manner across a network that's spread across multiple entities or locations.
investopedia
1
4.14
20.9
0
20.72
26.3
14.36
27.5
26.53
Distributed Ledgers
A distributed ledger is a database that is consensually shared and synchronized across multiple sites, institutions, or geographies, accessible by multiple people. It allows transactions to have public "witnesses". The participant at each node of the network can access the recordings shared across that network and can own an identical copy of it. Any changes or additions made to the ledger are reflected and copied to all participants in a matter of seconds or minutes.
investopedia
1
46.1
13
15.9
13.18
16.1
10.56
13.125
17.47
Distribution Channel
A distribution channel is a chain of businesses or intermediaries through which a good or service passes until it reaches the final buyer or the end consumer. Distribution channels can include wholesalers, retailers, distributors, and even the Internet.
investopedia
1
35.27
13.1
0
14.91
14.8
10.81
13
13.92
Distribution In Kind
A distribution-in-kind, also referred to as a distribution-in-specie, is a payment made in the form of securities or other property rather than in cash. A distribution-in-kind may be made in several different situations, including the payment of a stock dividend or inheritance, or taking securities out of a tax-deferred account. It can also refer to the transfer of an asset to a beneficiary over the option of liquidating the position and transferring the cash.
investopedia
1
29.48
15.3
16.3
12.54
15.8
8.7
17.666667
15.83
Distribution Management
Distribution management refers to the process of overseeing the movement of goods from supplier or manufacturer to point of sale. It is an overarching term that refers to numerous activities and processes such as packaging, inventory, warehousing, supply chain, and logistics.
investopedia
1
33.75
13.6
0
15.37
16
11.2
16.75
20.88
Distribution Network
In a supply chain, a distribution network is an interconnected group of storage facilities and transportation systems that receive inventories of goods and then deliver them to customers. It is an intermediate point to get products from the manufacturer to the end customer, either directly or through a retail network. A fast and reliable distribution network is essential in today's instant gratification society of consumers.
investopedia
1
32.53
14.1
15.5
14.68
15.8
10.06
15.5
16.68
Distribution Waterfall
A distribution waterfall a way to allocate investment returns or capital gains among participants of a group or pooled investment. Commonly associated with private equity funds, the distribution waterfall defines the pecking order in which distributions are allocated to limited and general partners.
investopedia
1
15.81
16.4
0
17.11
17.6
11.68
18.75
18.83
Distribution Yield
A distribution yield is the measurement of cash flow paid by an exchange-traded fund (ETF), real estate investment trust, or another type of income-paying vehicle. Rather than calculating the yield based on an aggregate of distributions, the most recent distribution is annualized and divided by the net asset value (NAV) of the security at the time of the payment.
investopedia
1
33.07
16
0
12.43
17.8
10.72
21.75
18.58
Divergence
Divergence is when the price of an asset is moving in the opposite direction of a technical indicator, such as an oscillator, or is moving contrary to other data. Divergence warns that the current price trend may be weakening, and in some cases may lead to the price changing direction.
investopedia
1
46.1
13
0
9.93
13.4
9.3
17
14.8
Diversified Company
A diversified company is a type of company that has multiple unrelated businesses or products. Unrelated businesses are those that:
investopedia
1
27.49
11.9
0
13.14
9.9
8.87
8
12
Divestiture
A divestiture is the partial or full disposal of a business unit through sale, exchange, closure, or bankruptcy. A divestiture most commonly results from a management decision to cease operating a business unit because it is not part of a core competency.
investopedia
1
50.16
11.5
0
11.6
13.1
9.94
15
16.02
Divestment
Divestment is the process of selling subsidiary assets, investments, or divisions of a company in order to maximize the value of the parent company. Also known as divestiture, divestment is effectively the opposite of an investment and is usually done when that subsidiary asset or division is not performing up to expectations.
investopedia
1
28.17
15.8
0
13.35
16.7
10.09
20.5
19.63
Dividend Aristocrat
A dividend aristocrat is a company in the S&P 500 index that not only consistently pays a dividend to shareholders but annually increases the size of its payout.
investopedia
1
26.14
16.6
0
10.33
15.1
11.79
22
19.77
Dividend Discount Model (DDM)
The dividend discount model (DDM) is a quantitative method used for predicting the price of a company's stock based on the theory that its present-day price is worth the sum of all of its future dividend payments when discounted back to their present value. It attempts to calculate the fair value of a stock irrespective of the prevailing market conditions and takes into consideration the dividend payout factors and the market expected returns. If the value obtained from the DDM is higher than the current trading price of shares, then the stock is undervalued and qualifies for a buy, and vice versa.
investopedia
1
45.43
15.4
16.3
11.5
18.9
10.43
22
19.09
Dividend Growth Rate
The dividend growth rate is the annualized percentage rate of growth that a particular stock's dividend undergoes over a period of time. Many mature companies seek to increase the dividends paid to their investors on a regular basis. Knowing the dividend growth rate is a key input for stock valuation models known as dividend discount models.
investopedia
1
44.03
11.8
15
12.13
12.1
10.2
13.666667
14.62
Dividend Irrelevance Theory
Dividend irrelevance theory holds the belief that dividends don't have any effect on a company's stock price. A dividend is typically a cash payment made from a company's profits to its shareholders as a reward for investing in the company. The dividend irrelevance theory goes on to state that dividends can hurt a company's ability to be competitive in the long term since the money would be better off reinvested in the company to generate earnings.
investopedia
1
37.34
14.3
18.2
11.26
14.6
8.42
19.666667
16.44
Dividend Payout Ratio
The dividend payout ratio is the ratio of the total amount of dividends paid out to shareholders relative to the net income of the company. It is the percentage of earnings paid to shareholders in dividends. The amount that is not paid to shareholders is retained by the company to pay off debt or to reinvest in core operations. It is sometimes simply referred to as the 'payout ratio.'
investopedia
1
62.38
8.9
12.6
8.76
9
8.61
11.375
10.4
Dividend Per Share (DPS)
Dividend per share (DPS) is the sum of declared dividends issued by a company for every ordinary share outstanding. The figure is calculated by dividing the total dividends paid out by a business, including interim dividends, over a period of time, usually a year, by the number of outstanding ordinary shares issued. A company's DPS is often derived using the dividend paid in the most recent quarter, which is also used to calculate the dividend yield.
investopedia
1
37.34
14.3
17.5
11.2
14.8
9.46
19
16.44
Dividend Policy
A dividend policy is the policy a company uses to structure its dividend payout to shareholders. Some researchers suggest the dividend policy is irrelevant, in theory, because investors can sell a portion of their shares or portfolio if they need funds. This is the dividend irrelevance theory, which infers that dividend payouts minimally affect a stock's price.
investopedia
1
35.27
13.1
16.3
13.63
13.8
10.4
14.833333
13.21
Dividend Rate
The dividend rate is the total expected dividend payments from an investment, fund or portfolio expressed on an annualized basis plus any additional non-recurring dividends that an investor may receive during that period. Depending on the company's preferences and strategy, the dividend rate can be fixed or adjustable.
investopedia
1
30.2
15
0
15.5
17.6
12.39
19.5
20.43
Dividend Recapitalization
A dividend recapitalization (also known as a dividend recap) happens when a company takes on new debt in order to pay a special dividend to private investors or shareholders. This usually involves a company owned by a private investment firm, which can authorize a dividend recapitalization as an alternative to the company declaring regular dividends, based on earnings.
investopedia
1
25.12
17
0
14.23
18.6
11.06
22.5
17.81
Dividends Received Deduction (DRD)
The dividends received deduction (DRD) is a federal tax deduction in the United States that is given to certain corporations that get dividends from related entities. The amount of the dividend that a company can deduct from its income tax is tied to how much ownership the company has in the dividend-paying company. However, there are criteria that corporations must meet in order to qualify for the dividends received deduction (DRD).
investopedia
1
38.96
13.7
17.9
12.25
14.8
8.15
18.5
15.11
Dividend Reinvestment Plan (DRIP)
A dividend reinvestment plan (DRIP) is a program that allows investors to reinvest their cash dividends into additional shares or fractional shares of the underlying stock on the dividend payment date. Although the term can apply to any automatic reinvestment arrangement set up through a brokerage or investment company, it generally refers to a formal program offered by a publicly traded corporation to existing shareholders. Around 650 companies and 500 closed-end funds currently do so.
investopedia
1
37.64
14.2
17.5
14.8
17.3
11.61
18.833333
18.53
Documentary Collection
Documentary collection is a form of trade finance in which an exporter is paid for its goods by an importer after the two parties' banks exchange the required documents. The exporter's bank collects funds from the importer's bank in exchange for documents releasing title to the shipped merchandise, usually after the goods arrive at the importer's location.
investopedia
1
42.55
14.4
0
13.06
17.8
10.04
18.25
16.31
Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act
The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act was created as a response to the financial crisis of 2008. Named after sponsors Senator Christopher J. Dodd (D-Conn.) and Representative Barney Frank (D-Mass.), the act contains numerous provisions, spelled out over roughly 2,300 pages, that were to be implemented over a period of several years.
investopedia
1
52.9
10.4
13.6
13.11
13.8
13.44
12.5
13.87
Dogs of the Dow
Dogs of the Dow is an investment strategy that attempts to beat the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) each year by leaning portfolios toward high-yield investments. The general concept is to allocate money to the 10 highest dividend-yielding, blue-chip stocks among the 30 components of the DJIA.
investopedia
1
47.62
12.5
0
13.12
15.6
12.19
16.75
17.06
Doji
A doji—or more accurately, "dо̄ji"—is a name for a session in which the candlestick for a security has an open and close that are virtually equal and are often components in patterns. Doji candlesticks look like a cross, inverted cross or plus sign. Alone, doji are neutral patterns that are also featured in a number of important patterns.
investopedia
1
60.35
9.6
12.5
10.21
11.2
8.41
12.333333
11.86
Dollar-Cost Averaging (DCA)
Dollar-cost averaging (DCA) is an investment strategy in which an investor divides up the total amount to be invested across periodic purchases of a target asset in an effort to reduce the impact of volatility on the overall purchase. The purchases occur regardless of the asset's price and at regular intervals. In effect, this strategy removes much of the detailed work of attempting to time the market in order to make purchases of equities at the best prices. Dollar-cost averaging is also known as the constant dollar plan.
investopedia
1
40.69
13.1
15.2
11.14
13.2
10.11
15.5
14.25
Dollarization
Dollarization is the term for when the U.S. dollar is used in addition to or instead of the domestic currency of another country. It is an example of currency substitution. Dollarization usually happens when a country’s own currency loses its usefulness as a medium of exchange, due to hyperinflation or instability.
investopedia
1
37.3
12.3
15.5
12
11.7
9.43
13.166667
14.64
Domestic Corporation
A domestic corporation is a company that conducts its affairs in its home country. A domestic business is often taxed differently than a non-domestic business and may be required to pay duties or fees on the products it imports. Typically, a domestic corporation can easily conduct business in other states or parts of the country where it has filed its articles of incorporation.
investopedia
1
41.7
12.7
14.6
11.6
12.9
9.44
14.5
12.84
Domestic Relations Order (DRO)
A domestic relations order (DRO) is a court order that gives a spouse or dependent the right to receive all or a portion of the benefits of an employee’s qualified retirement plan in the event of divorce. A DRO is usually sent to a plan administrator or employer for review, and if it meets certain laws, it will result in the plan benefits distributed between the parties involved. The parties involved are normally the employee and their spouse.
investopedia
1
53.55
12.3
15.5
10.1
14
9.78
17.666667
17.07
Domicile
Your domicile is the place where you maintain a permanent home. Your country of domicile means the country you permanently reside in.
investopedia
1
68.77
6.4
0
10.54
8
7.77
5.5
8.04
Donchian Channels
Donchian Channels are three lines generated by moving average calculations that comprise an indicator formed by upper and lower bands around a midrange or median band. The upper band marks the highest price of a security over N periods while the lower band marks the lowest price of a security over N periods. The area between the upper and lower bands represents the Donchian Channel. Career futures trader Richard Donchian developed the indicator in the mid-20th century to help him identify trends. He would later be nicknamed "The Father of Trend Following."
investopedia
1
52.8
10.5
13
11.89
11.9
10.56
12.2
12.14
Dormant Account
A dormant account is an account that has had no financial activity for a long period of time, except for the posting of interest. Financial institutions are required by state laws to transfer resources held in dormant accounts to the state's treasury after the accounts have been dormant for a certain period of time. The amount of time varies depending on the state.
investopedia
1
58.62
10.3
12.5
10.33
11.9
8.69
13.166667
12.21
Dotcom
A dotcom, or dot-com, is a company that conducts business primarily through a website. A dotcom company embraces the Internet as the key component in its business.
investopedia
1
49.31
9.7
0
10.49
9.2
8.98
8.25
9.84
Dotcom Bubble
The dotcom bubble was a rapid rise in U.S. technology stock equity valuations fueled by investments in Internet-based companies during the bull market in the late 1990s. The value of equity markets grew exponentially during this period, with the technology-dominated Nasdaq index rising from under 1,000 to more than 5,000 between the years 1995 and 2000. Things started to change in 2000, and the bubble burst between 2001 and 2002 with equities entering a bear market.
investopedia
1
37.34
14.3
14.6
12.31
15.7
11.33
16.666667
15.91
Double Bottom
A double bottom pattern is a technical analysis charting pattern that describes a change in trend and a momentum reversal from prior leading price action. It describes the drop of a stock or index, a rebound, another drop to the same or similar level as the original drop, and finally another rebound. The double bottom looks like the letter "W". The twice-touched low is considered a support level.
investopedia
1
54.22
9.9
12.2
9.92
10.1
9.12
11
10.92
Double Declining Balance Depreciation Method (DDB)
The double declining balance depreciation (DDB) method, also known as the reducing balance method, is one of two common methods a business uses to account for the expense of a long-lived asset. The double declining balance depreciation method is an accelerated depreciation method that counts as an expense more rapidly (when compared to straight-line depreciation that uses the same amount of depreciation each year over an asset's useful life). Similarly, compared to the standard declining balance method, the double declining method depreciates assets twice as quickly.
investopedia
1
25.42
16.8
15
15.27
19.6
8.73
18.666667
14.27
Double Entry
Double entry, a fundamental concept underlying present-day bookkeeping and accounting, states that every financial transaction has equal and opposite effects in at least two different accounts. It is used to satisfy the accounting equation:
investopedia
1
28.84
13.5
0
16.88
15.8
10.52
13.5
16.21
Double Exponential Moving Average (DEMA)
The double exponential moving average (DEMA) is a technical indicator introduced by Patrick Mulloy in his January 1994 article "Smoothing Data With Faster Moving Averages" in Technical Analysis of Stocks & Commodities magazine. The purpose is to reduce the amount of noise present in price charts used by technical traders.
investopedia
1
29.69
15.2
0
14.63
17.1
11.62
19
17.15
Double Irish With A Dutch Sandwich
The double Irish with a Dutch sandwich is a tax avoidance technique employed by certain large corporations, involving the use of a combination of Irish and Dutch subsidiary companies to shift profits to low or no-tax jurisdictions. The technique has made it possible for certain corporations to reduce their overall corporate tax rates dramatically.
investopedia
1
35.61
15
0
14.39
17.9
10.24
18
15.99
Double-Spending
Double-spending is the risk that a digital currency can be spent twice. It is a potential problem unique to digital currencies because digital information can be reproduced relatively easily by savvy individuals who understand the blockchain network and the computing power necessary to manipulate it.
investopedia
1
23.26
15.6
0
15.73
16.7
11.42
19.25
19.67
Double Taxation
Double taxation is a tax principle referring to income taxes paid twice on the same source of income. It can occur when income is taxed at both the corporate level and personal level. Double taxation also occurs in international trade or investment when the same income is taxed in two different countries. It can happen with 401k loans.
investopedia
1
56.76
8.9
11.7
9.74
8.6
8.44
8.5
10.63
Double Top
A double top is an extremely bearish technical reversal pattern that forms after an asset reaches a high price two consecutive times with a moderate decline between the two highs. It is confirmed once the asset's price falls below a support level equal to the low between the two prior highs.
investopedia
1
54.05
12.1
0
10.22
13.7
10.47
15.25
14.12
Dove
A dove is an economic policy advisor who promotes monetary policies that usually involve low-interest rates. Doves tend to support low-interest rates and an expansionary monetary policy because they value indicators like low unemployment over keeping inflation low. If an economist suggests that inflation has few negative effects or calls for quantitative easing, then they are called a dove or labeled as dovish.
investopedia
1
33.24
13.8
16.7
14.68
15.4
11.7
16.166667
16.65
Dow 30
The Dow 30, commonly referred to as the "Dow," or the "Dow Jones Industrial Average," was created by Wall Street Journal editor Charles Dow and got its name from Dow and his business partner, Edward Jones.
investopedia
1
51.86
15
0
9.76
19.2
10.69
23
19.96
Dow Jones CDX
The credit default swap index (CDX), formerly the Dow Jones CDX, is a benchmark financial instrument made up of credit default swaps (CDS) that have been issued by North American or emerging market companies. The CDX was the first CDS index, which was created in the early 2000s and was based on a basket of single issuer CDSs.
investopedia
1
29.53
23.6
0
10.11
29.8
12.23
17.5
26.65
Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA)
The Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA), also known as the Dow 30, is a stock market index that tracks 30 large, publicly-owned blue-chip companies trading on the New York Stock Exchange and the NASDAQ. The Dow Jones is named after Charles Dow, who created the index in 1896 along with his business partner Edward Jones.
investopedia
1
60.48
11.7
0
9.99
15.1
10.46
15.75
13.91
Dow Theory
The Dow theory is a financial theory that says the market is in an upward trend if one of its averages (i.e. industrials or transportation) advances above a previous important high and is accompanied or followed by a similar advance in the other average. For example, if the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) climbs to an intermediate high, the Dow Jones Transportation Average (DJTA) is expected to follow suit within a reasonable period of time.
investopedia
1
24.95
19.1
0
11.38
20.9
11.18
28.75
23
Down Payment
A down payment is a type of payment, often in cash, made in the early stages of a purchase of an expensive good or service. The payment represents a percentage of the full purchase price. In some cases, the down payment is not refundable if the deal falls through because of the purchaser. In most cases, the purchaser makes financing arrangements to cover the remaining amount owed to the seller.
investopedia
1
62.17
8.9
11.7
8.93
9.4
8.11
11
11.57
Down Round
A down round refers to a private company offering additional shares for sale at a lower price than had been sold for in the previous financing round.
investopedia
1
52.53
12.6
0
9.23
13.5
9.65
18.5
16.73
Downside Risk
Downside risk is an estimation of a security's potential loss in value if market conditions precipitate a decline in that security's price. Depending on the measure used, downside risk explains a worst-case scenario for an investment and indicates how much the investor stands to lose. Downside risk measures are considered one-sided tests since the potential for profit is not considered.
investopedia
1
42.72
12.3
14.6
13.87
14.5
9.89
14
14
What Are Downstream Operations?
Downstream operations are the processes involved in converting oil and gas into the finished product. These include refining crude oil into gasoline, natural gas liquids, diesel, and a variety of other energy sources. The closer an oil and gas company is to the process of providing consumers with petroleum products, the further downstream the company is said to be.
investopedia
1
43.02
12.2
14.1
12.42
13.1
10.5
13.5
13.98
Downtrend
A downtrend refers to the price action of a security that moves lower in price as it fluctuates over time. While the price may move intermittently higher or lower, downtrends are characterized by lower peaks and lower troughs over time. Technical analysts pay attention to downtrends because they represent something more than a random losing streak. Securities in a downtrend seem to be more likely to continue trending lower until some market condition changes, implying that a downtrend marks a fundamentally deteriorating condition.
investopedia
1
41.9
12.6
14.2
14.04
14.7
9.99
14.125
14.59
Drag-Along Rights
A drag-along right is a provision or clause in an agreement that enables a majority shareholder to force a minority shareholder to join in the sale of a company. The majority owner doing the dragging must give the minority shareholder the same price, terms, and conditions as any other seller.
investopedia
1
37.64
14.2
0
10.74
14.1
8.98
18
14
Dragonfly Doji Candlestick
A Dragonfly Doji is a type of candlestick pattern that can signal a potential reversal in price to the downside or upside, depending on past price action. It's formed when the asset's high, open, and close prices are the same. The long lower shadow suggests that there was aggressive selling during the period of the candle, but since the price closed near the open it shows that buyers were able to absorb the selling and push the price back up.
investopedia
1
61.29
11.3
11.9
8.94
13.5
9.3
15.666667
13.68
Drawdown
A drawdown is a peak-to-trough decline during a specific period for an investment, trading account, or fund. A drawdown is usually quoted as the percentage between the peak and the subsequent trough. If a trading account has $10,000 in it, and the funds drop to $9,000 before moving back above $10,000, then the trading account witnessed a 10% drawdown.
investopedia
1
59.94
9.8
11.2
10.15
12
9.16
11.833333
11.95
Drawee
Drawee is a legal and banking term used to describe the party that has been directed by the depositor to pay a certain sum of money to the person presenting the check or draft. A typical example is if you are cashing a paycheck. The bank that cashes your check is the drawee, your employer who wrote the check is the drawer, and you are the payee.
investopedia
1
65.76
9.6
11.2
6.97
9.6
8.04
13.166667
12.5
Drawing Account
A drawing account is an accounting record maintained to track money withdrawn from a business by its owners. A drawing account is used primarily for businesses that are taxed as sole proprietorships or partnerships. Owner withdrawals from businesses that are taxed as separate entities must generally be accounted for as either compensation or dividends.
investopedia
1
44.75
11.5
14.6
14.44
13.8
8.92
13
14.61
Dry Powder
Dry powder is a slang term referring to marketable securities that are highly liquid and considered cash-like. Dry powder can also refer to cash reserves kept on hand by a company, venture capital firm or individual to cover future obligations, purchase assets or make acquisitions. Securities considered to be dry powder could be Treasuries or other short-term fixed income investment that can be liquidated on short notice in order to provide emergency funding or allow an investor to purchase assets.
investopedia
1
35.91
14.9
15
13.23
16.9
9.9
17.666667
15.18
Dual Class Stock
A dual class stock is when a company issues two share classes. A dual class stock structure can consist of Class A and Class B shares, for example. These shares can differ in terms of voting rights and dividend payments.
investopedia
1
74.9
6.1
8.8
7.53
6.6
9.82
6.666667
7.32
Dual Income, No Kids (DINK)
Dual income, no kids (DINK) is a slang phrase for a household in which there are two incomes and no children. Couples living in a DINK household frequently have more disposable income because they do not have the added expenses that come with children. They also often spend less per person on housing than singles because of their ability to share kitchens, bathrooms, and living rooms.
investopedia
1
66.07
9.5
9.7
10.33
12.6
9.27
12.333333
11.22
Dual Listing
Dual listing refers to a listing of any security on two or more different exchanges. Companies use dual listing because of its benefits such as additional liquidity, increased access to capital, and the ability for its shares to trade for longer periods if the exchanges on which its shares are listed are in different time zones outweigh the costs of a second listing. Some exchanges have a number of listing categories for companies that seek a dual listing, each with different requirements and benefits.
investopedia
1
43.06
14.2
15.9
11.96
16.4
8.97
19
15.49
Due from Account
A due from account is an asset account in the general ledger used to track money owed to a company that is currently being held at another firm. It is typically used in conjunction with a due to account and is sometimes referred to as intercompany receivables.
investopedia
1
47.62
12.5
0
9.17
11.8
8.16
15.75
13.66
Due to Account
A due to account is a liability account typically found inside the general ledger that indicates the amount of funds payable to another party. The funds can be currently due or due at a point in the future. This due to account is usually generated and put on the books as the result of a transaction.
investopedia
1
60.95
9.4
13
7.78
8.5
8.23
12.333333
12.48
Due Diligence
Due diligence is an investigation, audit, or review performed to confirm facts or details of a matter under consideration. In the financial world, due diligence requires an examination of financial records before entering into a proposed transaction with another party.
investopedia
1
25.8
14.6
0
15.37
15.7
10.55
14
14
Dumping
Dumping is a term used in the context of international trade. It's when a country or company exports a product at a price that is lower in the foreign importing market than the price in the exporter's domestic market. Because dumping typically involves substantial export volumes of a product, it often endangers the financial viability of the product's manufacturer or producer in the importing nation.
investopedia
1
40.99
12.9
14.6
13
14.5
10.06
14.833333
14.83
Dun & Bradstreet (D&B)
Dun & Bradstreet is a corporation that offers information on commercial credit as well as reports on businesses. Most notably, Dun & Bradstreet is recognizable for its Data Universal Numbering System (DUNS numbers); these generate business information reports for more than 100 million companies around the globe. Dun & Bradstreet was established as the result of a merger in the 1930s between R.G. Dun & Co. and the Bradstreet Cos.
investopedia
1
46.27
10.9
12.6
13.16
12.8
11.39
11.5
12.66
DuPont Analysis
The DuPont analysis (also known as the DuPont identity or DuPont model) is a framework for analyzing fundamental performance popularized by the DuPont Corporation. DuPont analysis is a useful technique used to decompose the different drivers of return on equity (ROE). The decomposition of ROE allows investors to focus on the key metrics of financial performance individually to identify strengths and weaknesses.
investopedia
1
25.08
14.9
16.7
15.08
15.7
11.03
16
17.31
Durable Goods Orders
Durable goods orders is a broad-based monthly survey conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau that measures current industrial activity and is used as an economic indicator by investors.
investopedia
1
40.35
11.1
0
13.22
11.5
13.92
8.5
12.74
Durbin Watson Statistic
The Durbin Watson (DW) statistic is a test for autocorrelation in the residuals from a statistical regression analysis. The Durbin-Watson statistic will always have a value between 0 and 4. A value of 2.0 means that there is no autocorrelation detected in the sample. Values from 0 to less than 2 indicate positive autocorrelation and values from from 2 to 4 indicate negative autocorrelation.
investopedia
1
38.32
11.9
13.8
11.6
10.9
8.87
11.5
12.03
Dutch Auction
A Dutch auction is a market structure in which the price of something offered is determined after taking in all bids to arrive at the highest price at which the total offering can be sold. In this type of auction, investors place a bid for the amount they are willing to buy in terms of quantity and price.
investopedia
1
67.42
11.1
0
7.9
13.3
8.61
16
13.67
Dutch Disease
Dutch disease is an economic term for the negative consequences that can arise from a spike in the value of a nation’s currency. It is primarily associated with the new discovery or exploitation of a valuable natural resource and the unexpected repercussions that such a discovery can have on the overall economy of a nation.
investopedia
1
43.56
14
0
11.49
15.6
10.17
20.25
19.73
Dutch Tulip Bulb Market Bubble
The Dutch tulip bulb market bubble, also known as 'tulipmania' was one of the most famous market bubbles and crashes of all time. It occurred in Holland during the early to mid 1600s when speculation drove the value of tulip bulbs to extremes. At the height of the market, the rarest tulip bulbs traded for as much as six times the average person's annual salary.
investopedia
1
74.83
8.2
9.7
9.11
11.4
9.33
12.166667
11.14
Dynasty Trust
A dynasty trust is a long-term trust created to pass wealth from generation to generation without incurring transfer taxes—such as the gift tax, estate tax, or generation-skipping transfer tax (GSTT)—for as long as assets remain in the trust.
investopedia
1
32.91
18.1
0
13.7
23.1
9.68
26
18.36
E-Mini
An E-mini is an electronically traded futures contract that is a fraction of the value of a corresponding standard futures contract. E-minis are predominantly traded on the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME) and are available on a wide range of indexes, such as the NASDAQ 100, S&P 500, S&P MidCap 400, and Russell 2000, commodities, and currencies.
investopedia
1
34.6
15.4
0
11.9
17.2
12.92
18.5
16.2
EAFE Index
The EAFE Index is a stock index offered by MSCI that covers non-U.S. and Canadian equity markets. It serves as a performance benchmark for the major international equity markets as represented by 21 major MSCI indices from Europe, Australasia, and the Middle East.
investopedia
1
41.19
12.9
0
11.72
13.6
12.05
14.25
14.18
Early Adopter
The term "early adopter" refers to an individual or business who uses a new product, innovation, or technology before others. An early adopter is likely to pay more for the product than later adopters but accepts this premium if using the product improves efficiency, reduces cost, increases market penetration, or raises the early adopter's social status.
investopedia
1
34.6
15.4
0
13.23
18
11.23
17.5
16.2
Earmarking
Earmarking is the practice of setting particular money aside for a specific purpose. The term can be used in several contexts, such as in congressional appropriations of taxpayer funds to individual practices like mental accounting.
investopedia
1
28.33
13.7
0
14.73
14
10.82
13.25
16.14
Earned Income
Earned income includes money made from employment including wages, salaries, bonuses, commissions, tips, and net earnings from self-employment, according to the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) definition. It can also include long-term disability and union strike benefits and, in some cases, payments from certain deferred retirement compensation arrangements.
investopedia
1
22.24
16
0
19.9
21.7
13.54
17.75
18.76
Earned Income Credit (EIC)
The earned-income credit (EIC) is a refundable tax credit that helps certain U.S. taxpayers with low earnings by reducing the amount of tax owed on a dollar-for-dollar basis. Taxpayers may be eligible for refunds if their tax credit exceeds their tax liability for the year. Legislation enacted in 2020 recognized that many taxpayers’ incomes that year were lower than their incomes in 2019 due to the COVID pandemic; this law allows taxpayers to base the EIC claimed on their 2020 tax returns on either their 2019 or 2020 earnings. For 2021 tax returns, the law liberalizes some EIC rules and makes an increased EIC available to more childless taxpayers.
investopedia
1
52.23
12.8
14.6
11.44
15.8
10.21
16.25
14.96
Earned Premium
The term earned premium refers to the premium collected by an insurance company for the portion of a policy that has expired. It is what the insured party has paid for a portion of time in which the insurance policy was in effect, but has since expired. Since the insurance company covers the risk during that time, it considers the associated premium payments it takes from the insured party as unearned. Once the time has expired, it can then record it as earned or as a profit.
investopedia
1
57.81
10.6
13.4
8.76
11
7.98
14.125
11.48
Earnest Money
Earnest money is a deposit made to a seller that represents a buyer's good faith to buy a home. The money gives the buyer extra time to get financing and conduct the title search, property appraisal, and inspections before closing. In many ways, earnest money can be considered a deposit on a home, an escrow deposit, or good faith money.
investopedia
1
59.64
9.9
10.5
8.82
10.5
8.58
11.666667
11.33
Earnings
A company's earnings are its after-tax net income. This is the company's bottom line or its profits.
investopedia
1
62.85
6.6
0
7.62
6.1
6.84
4.75
5.75
Earnings Announcement
An earnings announcement is an official public statement of a company's profitability for a specific period, typically a quarter or a year. An earnings announcement occurs on a specific date during earnings season and is preceded by earnings estimates issued by equity analysts. If a company has been profitable leading up to the announcement, its share price will usually increase up to and slightly after the information is released. Because earnings announcements can have such a prominent effect on the market, they are often considered when predicting the next day's open.
investopedia
1
39.87
13.4
16.2
13.47
15.1
9.63
16.625
16.59
Earnings Before Interest After Taxes (EBIAT)
Earnings before interest after taxes (EBIAT) is one of a number of financial measures that are used to evaluate a company's operating performance for a quarter or a year.
investopedia
1
33.58
15.8
0
10.92
16.1
10.52
20.5
19.88
Earnings Before Interest and Taxes (EBIT)
Earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) is an indicator of a company's profitability. EBIT can be calculated as revenue minus expenses excluding tax and interest. EBIT is also referred to as operating earnings, operating profit, and profit before interest and taxes.
investopedia
1
23.73
13.4
14.1
13.27
11.6
10.09
10.5
13.28
Earnings Before Interest, Depreciation and Amortization (EBIDA)
Earnings before interest, depreciation and amortization (EBIDA) is a measure of the earnings of a company that adds the interest expense, depreciation, and amortization back to the net income number. However, it does include tax expenses. This measure is not as well known or used as often as its counterpart—earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA).
investopedia
1
26.81
14.2
15
14.45
14.9
7.9
13.833333
11.11
Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization (EBITDA)
EBITDA, or earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization, is a measure of a company's overall financial performance and is used as an alternative to net income in some circumstances. EBITDA, however, can be misleading because it strips out the cost of capital investments like property, plant, and equipment.
investopedia
1
29.69
15.2
0
14.51
17.5
10.33
18.75
18.78