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The mountainous area of northern Mozambique in southern Africa had been overlooked by science due to inhospitable terrain and decades of civil war in the country.
However, while scrolling around on Google Earth, an internet map that allows the viewer to look at satellite images of anywhere on the globe, scientists discovered an unexpected patch of green.
A British-led expedition was sent to see what was on the ground and found 7,000 hectares of forest, rich in biodiversity, known as Mount Mabu.
In just three weeks, scientists led by a team from the Royal Botanic Gardens in Kew found hundreds of different plant species, birds, butterflies, monkeys and a new species of giant snake.
The samples which the team took are now back in Britain for analysis.
So far three new butterflies and one new species of snake have been discovered but it is believed there are at least two more new species of plants and perhaps more new insects to discover.
Julian Bayliss, a scientist for Kew based in the region, discovered Mount Mabu while searching on Google Earth for a possible conservation project. He was looking at areas of land 5,400ft (1,600m) above sea level where more rainfall means there is likely to be forest.
To his surprise he found the patches of green that denote wooded areas, in places that had not previously been explored. After taking a closer look on more detailed satellite maps, he went to have a look.
An expedition was organised for this autumn with 28 scientists from the UK, Mozambique, Malawi, Tanzania and Switzerland. The group was able to stay at an abandoned tea estate but had to hack through difficult terrain and use 70 porters in order to carry out their investigations.
Within weeks they had discovered three new species of Lepidoptera butterfly and a new member of the Gaboon viper family of snakes that can kill a human in a single bite. There were also blue duiker antelope, samango monkeys, elephant shrews, almost 200 different types of butterflies and thousands of tropical plants.
Jonathan Timberlake, expedition leader, said digital imagery has helped scientists to discover more about the world. He believes there may be other small pockets of biodiversity around the world that are yet to be discovered that could be stumbled upon by searching on Google Earth, especially in areas like Mozambique or Papua New Guinea which have not been fully explored yet.
Mr Timberlake said discovering new species is not only important to science but helps to highlight conservation efforts in parts of the world threatened by logging and development.
Mount Mabu itself is under threat as Mozambique's economy grows and people use the wood for fuel or clear the land to grow crops.
"We cannot say we have discovered all the biodiversity areas in the world, there are still ones to discover and it helps to find new species to make people realise what is out there," he said.Original here
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- Posted March 30, 2014 by
This iReport is part of an assignment:
Ebola Outbreak Leaves 70 Dead in Guinea
Ebola Outbreak Leaves 70 Dead in Guinea, Senegal Closes Its Border but the world is worried about a plane that disappeared this is the true story. While your looking for the missing plane something more important is happening in the world.. All we need is for one carry to get on a plane to have a true epidemic.
While outbreaks are not entirely uncommon in certain parts of Africa, confirmation that the virus had spread to Guinea's capital city of Conakry caused serious alarm, Reuters reported. Authorities said those infected had been put into quarantine.
Ebola is extremely contagious, moving easily from person to person. It is typically contracted through physical contact with infected people or contaminated objects like needles, although there has been concern in the past that some types of the virus can be transmitted through the air.
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Printable Multiplication Worksheets Grade 3- In the event that you home school your young ones, you will quickly realize how important printable homeschool worksheets can be. If you want to develop a curriculum for the home-schooled child, you may well be able to truly save a lot of time and money by using free online home school worksheets. However, while they can be a helpful tool and look like a stylish alternative to a homeschool, they do have a number of limitations.
There are many online resources that provide online worksheets as possible download and use for the children’s homeschooling for free. They cover practically all subjects underneath the sun. Different homeschool worksheets can be found which can be ideal for all forms of curriculums, and they are able to help enhance everything you are teaching.
Aside from helping you assess your child’s comprehension of a subject matter, printable home school worksheets also provide something for your child to do as you focus on other things. Which means that you can be free to operate your home while teaching your son or daughter at once, since the worksheet simplifies the homeschooling job for you.
Home schooling can be expensive and difficult to implement, especially on a tight budget. If money is tight, homeschool worksheets that you will get free of charge can take the place of a textbook. The worksheet will have a way to show pretty much the same issues that a textbook will, and yet you won’t have to pay hundreds of dollars on books. Though some worksheet resources charge a tiny fee, you will be able to access tens of thousands of printable worksheets that you need to use for homeschooling.
Different worksheets are available for different areas of study at home. If you know what your youngster is going to be learning for the year, you can already find worksheets for homeschooling on that particular topic.
You May Also Like
In picking a worksheet, it is very important to examine the foundation and check the material. Ensure that the material and answers are accurate. Evaluate the worksheet by completing it yourself. The worksheet should provide information clearly and accurately. Make sure it is strictly what you need to homeschool your child.
Homeschool worksheets have pros and cons that rely on the sort of material the worksheet deals with. One advantage is that worksheets are extremely handy if you intend to give your youngster something to do. Some types of worksheets are very easy to grade and can be completed without much input from you. Worksheets also can give you advisable of how much your child surely could understand of the subject matter.
While worksheets for homeschool can assist in home schooling, they can not take the spot of a suitable homeschool curriculum. One disadvantage they’ve is they often focus on a single subject area only, without integrating the entire curriculum. They can be simplistic and provide the impression that the student understands significantly more than he actually does.
Free homeschool worksheets that you could print are available online. Some of them may be excellent, but you’ll need certainly to make sure that they are accurate and suited to your curriculum or child.
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BRUSSELS, March 7, 2017 /PRNewswire/ --
New study finds that pets promote social skills and self-esteem in children
Growing up with a pet can bring social, emotional and educational benefit to children and adolescents according to a newly published study. Youngsters with pets tend to have greater self-esteem, less loneliness, and enhanced social skills.
(Photo: http://mma.prnewswire.com/media/471523/Family_pets_child_development.jpg )
"Anyone that has grown up with, and loved a family pet intrinsically feels the value of their companionship," says Dr Carri Westgarth, project leader. "The scientific evidence investigating the benefits to children and adolescent development looks promising. We dug deep into that evidence to understand which potential benefits were most strongly supported. Ultimately, this will enable us to know more about how pets provide young people with emotional, educational and social support."
The University of Liverpool Study, published in the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health was funded by the WALTHAM Centre for Pet Nutrition, part of Mars Petcare and led by Dr Carri Westgarth, Institute of Infection and Global Health. Researchers carried out an in-depth review and quality evaluation of studies investigating the effects of pet ownership on emotional, educational or behavioural development in children and adolescents.
"Critical ages for the impact of pet ownership on self-esteem, appear to be greatest for children under 6, and preadolescents and adolescents over 10. Generally dogs and cats are deemed to be the best providers of social support, perhaps due to a higher level of interaction and reciprocation in comparison to other pets," says Rebecca Purewal, lead author. "In both western and non-western cultures, pets may act as a form of psychological support, helping youths feel good about themselves and enabling a positive self-image."
"The patterns among sub-populations and age groups suggests that companion animals have the potential to promote healthy child and adolescent development," says WALTHAM researcher Nancy Gee, a co-author of the study. "This is an exciting field of study and there is still much to learn about the processes through which pet ownership may impact healthy child development."
University of Liverpool
The University of Liverpool is one of the UK's leading research institutions with 81% of research rated world leading or internationally excellent. Liverpool is ranked in the top 1% of higher education institutions worldwide and is a member of the Russell Group. Visit http://www.liv.ac.uk or follow us on twitter at: http://www.twitter.com/livuninews
About the WALTHAM Centre for Pet Nutrition:
The WALTHAM Centre for Pet Nutrition is the fundamental science centre for Mars Petcare and focuses on the nutrition and wellbeing of dogs, cats, horses, birds and fish, and their benefits to humans. Located in Leicestershire, England, WALTHAM[TM] expertise and knowledge informs the development of innovative products that meet the needs of companion animals in a practical way. The centre recently celebrated its half century and has pioneered many important breakthroughs in the field, publishing over 600 peer-reviewed scientific papers. Today, WALTHAM continues to collaborate with the world's foremost scientific institutes, driving Mars Petcare's vision to create 'A Better World for Pets' and delivering the science that underpins leading Mars brands such as PEDIGREE®, WHISKAS®, ROYAL CANIN®, BANFIELD Pet Hospital, and IAMS®, CESAR®, NUTRO®, SHEBA®, DREAMIES® and EUKANUBA®. http://www.waltham.com
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This muscular dog is big and strong. Males weigh between 110 and 130 pounds. Their head looks similar to a big bear. Its thick, heavy coat keeps him plenty warm in the coldest of climates. Their colors range from black, white, gray, cream, fawn, rust and white. Their hair can be either long or short. The long haired variety requires frequent brushing in order for their hair not to tangle. Caucasian Shepherds have dark, deep-set eyes and large, heavy paws.
This breed may be described as assertive, strong-willed and courageous. The Caucasian Shepherd has to be properly trained in order for it to not be on the ferocious side. It needs a lot of training and discipline from the owner. It is unaccepting of people that it doesn’t know. However, the good thing about it is that it will fight bravely for its family. Caucasian Shepherds are faithful, protective and fierce. They act dominantly to dogs that they don’t know. They need a long walk on a daily basis, where they are made to walk next to the owners, not ahead of them.
- Caucasian Shepherds were originally used to protect livestock from predators and thieves.
- Like many Eastern Molossers, it has existed since ancient times.
- They need a large yard and are not appropriate for apartment life.
- They are also known by the names Caucasian Ovcharka and Caucasian Sheepdog.
- The Caucasian Shepherd is classified as a working dog.
- They are indigenous to the mountain regions of Armenia, Georgia, and Azerbaijani Union Republics.
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Agriculture is the process of producing food, feed, fiber and other desired products by cultivation of certain plants and the raising of domesticated animals. Agriculture is also known as farming.
For more information, please see the main article about Agriculture.
There are 13 subcategories to this category.
Articles in category "Agriculture"
There are 106 articles in this category.
Last updated: 02-11-2005 06:24:01
Last updated: 05-03-2005 02:30:17
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Avoid the Traps- Instructional Design Decisions
A great website I like to use for eLearning resources is elearningindustry.com I recently read an article by Stephanie Ivec that summarized important instructional design decisions that should not be overlooked. The article is titled 5 Instructional Design Traps to Avoid.
Ivec warned against falling into these common traps:
- Forgetting Learning Objectives
The benefit of learning objectives is that they keep the course focused.
- Too Long to Be Engaging
According to Ivec, and I agree, elearning gives developers the opportunity to divide complex topics into smaller modules for easier comprehension.
- Features for the Sake of Features
Limiting animations and features for when they make important information stand out will help learners process key content.
- Irrelevant Content
Using scenarios and real-world examples will help learners apply the learning to their job tasks.
- No Evaluation
Evaluating the effectiveness of the eLearning course can help create better courses in the future.
View original post 154 more words
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Avellaneda History, Family Crest & Coats of Arms
Early Origins of the Avellaneda family
The surname Avellaneda was first found in Sardinia (Italian: Sardegna, Sardinian: Sardigna), the second largest island in the Mediterranean Sea. The original inhabitants were Sicels. The Greeks colonized in 735 B.C. Phoenician settlements began in 6th century. Carthaginians arrived 410. Romans arrived, then the Saracens. Then the Norman Conquest said to be Sicily's brightest hour, 1057 A.D and taking 35 years. Without a doubt, the most famous of the family in early times was Saint Andrew (Andrea) Avellino (1521-1608), an Italian saint. Born at Castronuovo, he entered the Order of Theatines. In 1624, he was beatified by Pope Urban VIII, and in 1712 was canonized by Pope Clement XI. He is venerated as patron saint of Naples and Sicily.
Early History of the Avellaneda family
This web page shows only a small excerpt of our Avellaneda research. Another 83 words (6 lines of text) covering the years 1645, 1700, 1674 and 1741 are included under the topic Early Avellaneda History in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.
Avellaneda Spelling Variations
Spelling variations of this family name include: Avella, Abella, Avellano, Avellani, Avellino, Avellina, Avelta, Avenella and many more.
Early Notables of the Avellaneda family (pre 1700)
Another 37 words (3 lines of text) are included under the topic Early Avellaneda Notables in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.
Migration of the Avellaneda family
Some of the first settlers of this family name or some of its variants were: Baltasar Avella, who arrived in Mexico in 1596; Jose Avellan, who arrived in Puerto Rico in 1804; J. S. Avellar, who came to New York, NY in 1822; R. Avella, who settled in New Orleans in 1825.
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Defense of Privacy
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, article 12, states:
No one shall be subjected to arbitrary interference with his privacy, family, home or correspondence, nor to attacks upon his honor and reputation. Everyone has the right to the protection of the law against such interference or attacks.
This right to privacy has been recognized as a defense to criminal conviction in the United States and in other jurisdictions.
Traditionally, defenses to crimes were grounded in failure of proof or other specific provisions enumerated in the U.S. Constitution.
However, starting in 1965, the United States Supreme Court began to recognize certain rights that were not explicitly stated in the Constitution. One of these rights was the right to privacy, first recognized as having a Constitutional basis in Griswold v. Connecticut . In Griswold, the defendant, the Executive Director of the Planned Parenthood League of Connecticut, and its medical director, a licensed physician, were convicted as accessories for giving married persons information and medical advice on how to prevent conception and, following examination, prescribing a contraceptive device or material for the wife's use. A Connecticut statute makes it a crime for any person to use any drug or article to prevent conception. Appellants claimed that the accessory statute as applied violated the Fourteenth Amendment. The Supreme Court agreed, concluding that such activity was Constitutionally protected under a right to privacy. The court explained the doctrine:
The foregoing cases suggest that specific guarantees in the Bill of Rights have penumbras, formed by emanations from those guarantees that help give them life and substance. See Poe v. Ullman, 367 U.S. 497, 516-522 (dissenting opinion). Various guarantees create zones of privacy. The right of association contained in the penumbra of the First Amendment is one, as we have seen. The Third Amendment in its prohibition against the quartering of soldiers "in any house" in time of peace without the consent of the owner is another facet of that privacy. The Fourth Amendment explicitly affirms the "right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures." The Fifth Amendment in its Self-Incrimination Clause enables the citizen to create a zone of privacy which government may not force him to surrender to his detriment. The Ninth Amendment provides: "The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people."
The Fourth and Fifth Amendments were described in Boyd v. United States, 116 U.S. 616, 630 , as protection against all governmental invasions "of the sanctity of a man's home and the privacies of life." * We recently referred [381 U.S. 479, 485] in Mapp v. Ohio, 367 U.S. 643, 656 , to the Fourth Amendment as creating a "right to privacy, no less important than any other right carefully and particularly reserved to the people." See Beaney, The Constitutional Right to Privacy, 1962 Sup. Ct. Rev. 212; Griswold, The Right to be Let Alone, 55 Nw. U. L. Rev. 216 (1960). . . .
The present case, then, concerns a relationship lying within the zone of privacy created by several fundamental constitutional guarantees. And it concerns a law which, in forbidding the use of contraceptives rather than regulating their manufacture or sale, seeks to achieve its goals by means having a maximum destructive impact upon that relationship. Such a law cannot stand in light of the familiar principle, so often applied by this Court, that a "governmental purpose to control or prevent activities constitutionally subject to state regulation may not be achieved by means which sweep unnecessarily broadly and thereby invade the area of protected freedoms." NAACP v. Alabama, 377 U.S. 288, 307 . Would we allow the police to search the sacred precincts of marital bedrooms for telltale signs of the use of contraceptives? The [381 U.S. 479, 486] very idea is repulsive to the notions of privacy surrounding the marriage relationship.
We deal with a right of privacy older than the Bill of Rights - older than our political parties, older than our school system. Marriage is a coming together for better or for worse, hopefully enduring, and intimate to the degree of being sacred. It is an association that promotes a way of life, not causes; a harmony in living, not political faiths; a bilateral loyalty, not commercial or social projects. Yet it is an association for as noble a purpose as any involved in our prior decisions.
Similar reasoning was used by the Supreme Court to decriminalize abortions.
In the United States
- Griswold v. Connecticut 381 U.S. 479 (1965)
- Roe v. Wade, 410 U.S. 113 (1973)
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Var dei norske fellestuna som landsbyar å rekne? - Opphav, struktur og institusjonelle ordningar
- Side: 167-183
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.18261/issn.1894-3195-2016-02-05
- Publisert på Idunn: 2016-07-04
- Publisert: 2016-07-04
Norwegian «tun» and European villages. A comparative research of origin, structure and institutional arrangements
During the second half of the 19th century, many Norwegian «tun» (clustered/nucleated farm-settlements, housing several families), were dissolved due to the enclosure movement.
The article deals with the Norwegian «tun» and discusses to what extent theese could be considered to be a kind of villages, simalar to the village-settlements found in neighbouring countries as in Sweden, Denmark and elsewhere in northern Europe.
The author argues that the reason why the Norwegian «tun» has not been considered to be villages earlier, is due to differences in reseach methodology and traditional agrarian terms in Norway compared to that of the neighbouring countries.
On this basics, the author claims that the Norwegian «tun» can be regarded as a village type, and he refers to the similarities they have with the small European villages like the German «Weiler», the Swedish «byer» and the English «hamlets».
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Home Health Care is skilled medical care and equipment provided in the home or at a living facility. This type of care is typically needed after a medical emergency such as a stroke or a fall. Making progress to regain health and lifestyle are the main goals.
Services are usually provided by a license healthcare professional such as a registered nurse, nurse practitioner or a rehabilitation therapist. There is a wide range of rehabilitation therapy that can offered. Physical therapy, occupational therapy and speech therapy are the main areas of care after a stroke or heart attack. Wound care, medication management and pain management are often utilized after outpatient surgery.
What Are The Benefits Of Home Health Care?
Home health care helps to reduce healthcare costs and delays the need for the patient to be admitted to long-term nursing care. Access to skilled health care in the home allows the patient to gain their health back quicker. Home health care is also an accepted service through Medicare helping the patient afford the needed treatments.
Home health care is usually less expensive, more convenient than and just as effective as care you get in a hospital or skilled nursing facility. They assist in coordinating the care by communicating regularly with the doctor and anyone else who gives the patient care.
How Do You Qualify For Home Health Care?
Based on the Medicare criteria the patient must be considered home bound, unable to access needed healthcare services from outside the home. The patient in need must be referred to this type of care from their doctor. The doctor will determine the required care needed and whether it is part-time or on an intermittent basis. A plan of care will be created to notify the Home Health Care Agency what services and equipment are required. A Medicare approved agency will then begin their services.
If the patient has their original Medicare, usually 100% of the cost of the home health care will be covered. Third party Medicare plans often cover 70% to 80% of the costs for these services.
What Is The Difference Between Home Health Care and Home Aide Care?
Home health care is clinical, medical supervision provided by a licensed professional. Registered and licensed practical nurses, occupational therapists, and physical therapists.
Home aide care provides compassion and help for seniors who need assistance with daily activities. Levels of care vary by need, and can span from weekly meal prep to incontinence help. Home care aides are trained to understand the nuances of senior care, but are generally not licensed to provide medical services.
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Australia says it will reduce methane emissions despite coal seam gas and LNG expansion
17 November 2016 | Mitigation
Australia has signed an international agreement committing to reducing methane emissions from the oil and gas industry, and calling for other countries to do the same, sparking claims it is being hypocritical and could “seriously damage our reputation in climate talks”.
The Marrakech communique, signed this week at the first meeting of parties to the Paris agreement in Morocco, commits a coalition of countries including Australia to take measures to reduce methane emissions in the oil and gas industry.
Methane is a short-lived but highly potent greenhouse gas, exerting a warming influence 84 times that of carbon dioxide over a 20-year time frame.
The communique, signed by 38 countries, acknowledges that: “The oil and gas sector is the largest industrial source of methane globally and the next big opportunity for climate reductions as cost-effective measures can be taken to significantly reduce these emissions.”
The signatories said they will reduce leaks from the gas industry, known as “fugitive emissions”, by “developing and implementing national methane reduction strategies, regulations, policies, or enhanced actions including those which encourage energy efficiency and fuel shifts”.
But, in recent years, Australia has massively expanded its coal seam gas industry and is set to become the world’s largest exporter of liquefied natural gas (LNG).
In addition, Australia has not been rigorously measuring fugitive emissions from the gas industry in Australia and reporting to the UNFCCC a figure that is much smaller than that found in similar operations in other countries.
A recent report by the Melbourne Energy Institute, commissioned by the Australia Institute, showed Australia claimed that only 0.5% of gas produced in Australia is released into the atmosphere in fugitive emissions.
But studies in the US have found those emissions are always higher than that – often 150 times as high and sometimes 300 times as high.
While there have been no proper studies measuring fugitive emissions in Australia, the studies that have been done found evidence of significant emissions from sources that Australia claims to have zero emissions from.
Mark Ogge, principal adviser at the the Australia Institute, said he welcomed the fact the country that was set to become the world’s biggest methane exporter was concerned about methane emissions.
But Ogge said: “This commitment, if it is to be taken seriously, must come with a recognition that international standards for measuring fugitive emission, which are funded independently, should be supported.
“If Australia wants to sign an international agreement to do something we don’t do ourselves … it will seriously damage our reputation in climate talks.”
He said the situation was particularly serious in Australia’s coal seam gas industry. “Australia uses an outdated and very low assumption supplied by the US gas industry that was developed for conventional oil extraction in the US in the 1990s,” Ogge said.
“The assumption only covers well pads, which make up a tiny fraction of CSG infrastructure. It doesn’t count intentional and unintentional methane release from multiple known major sources of emissions including huge water treatment plants, water and gas pipelines (with vents directly to the atmosphere) and migratory emissions caused by depressurising vast areas of coal seams.”
A spokesman for Australia’s federal minister for the environment and energy, Josh Frydenberg, said that all emissions from the CSG industry are included in an accounting inventory and insisted that, while those are made up of estimations, those estimations are in compliance with IPCC guidelines.
When asked what measures Australia would take to reduce fugitive emissions, the spokesman referred to Australia’s Emissions Reduction Fund, which pays polluters to reduce emissions.
“For example, the Emissions Reduction Fund enables businesses to earn carbon credits by undertaking projects to reduce emissions such as reducing fugitive emissions in the oil and gas sector,” he said.
Source: The Guardian
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December 13, 1909
"Good morning. Have you taken your mud bath?" were the greetings received yesterday by W. G. Goodwin, general superintendent of water works, from consumers who had been compelled to take their morning dips in a coating of mud and drink a muddy mixture at their tables and in their coffee.
"Yes," good-naturedly responded Goodwin, "I've been there and I expect to be repeating it so long as the river remains low and the pumps bring forth as much mud as water. The stage of the river at Quindaro station is four or five feet below the level recorded some days ago and the water is running with slush ice and also all kinds and assortments of debris.
"I do not look for clear water until conditions change, and there is some cessation in the consumption. In addition to keeping the pumps busy for days, delivering water at the rate of 39,000,000 gallons for twenty-four hours, to meet the demands, we were called upon to do the neighborly act for Kansas City, Kas., and make up a deficit in its ordinary supply.
"This meant an additional 3,000,000 gallons a day to our burden of production, and as a consequence the water had to be forced into the distributing pipes to the consumer from the river, without having time to have the solids precipitated by the customary treatment of lime and alum.
"But the condition of the water is no worse than it always has been when the river is low, and after a heavy snow storm. and what is more, I do not believe consumers will ever see much change in times like these unless the city installs a filtering plant."
Mr. Goodwin found it necessary yesterday as a source of protection to the water supply, to shut off the 3,000,000 gallons a day that Kansas City, Kas., has been getting.
"Superintendent Riley, of the Kansas City, Kas., plant told me that they could get along without our assistance, as he has about completed arrangements to have his own plant furnish all the water that is needed," said Mr. Goodwin.
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Today, Hadley and I are learning how to draw a humpback whale. This lesson is a bit more advanced, but still a lot of fun for everyone.
This is a list of the supplies we used, but feel free to use whatever you have in your home or classroom.
- Sharpie (or something to draw with)
- Paper (we use marker paper)
- Markers to color with (we use Bianyo)
- Colored pencils (sometimes we also use Prismacolor colored pencils)
Visit our art supply page for more information about the supplies used in this lesson.
Watch How To Draw A Humpback Whale
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The Geiger counters we feature detect some or all of the four major types of ionizing radiation, namely Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and X-rays. Both Gamma and X-rays are part of the electromagnetic spectrum, specifically at its high frequency, short wavelength end. That same spectrum also includes the more familiar ultraviolet light, visible light, infrared rays, microwaves, and radio waves, listed in order of decreasing frequency and increasing wavelength from Gamma and X-rays.
As the four major types of ionizing radiation go, Gamma and X-rays are very powerful and potentially very dangerous. They can pass through virtually anything, and are effectively shielded or absorbed only by materials of high atomic weight such as lead. Because of their penetrating ability, X-rays are used to see inside the human body, destroy cancer cells in radiation therapy, or analyze the internal structure of rocks and minerals, for instance.
Gamma rays are produced naturally by the sun and other bodies in outer space, their transmission to earth being known as "cosmic radiation". Certain minerals that make up part of the earth containing the radioactive elements Uranium and/or Thorium also emit Gamma rays. This cosmic radiation, along with these radioactive earth minerals, combine to produce the "background count" of a Geiger counter. That is, even when a Geiger counter is removed from a specific radioactive object, the meter will still register a background level or count of radioactivity. This might typically be in the range of 20 counts per minute, but will vary depending upon where it is on the earth. The background count should always be factored in or "subtracted" from the overall reading derived from a specific radioactive source. X-rays, being very similar to Gamma rays, are produced from man-made sources such as X-ray tubes, arcs, and lamps.
While not part of the electromagnetic spectrum, Alpha and Beta particles are the two other types of ionizing radiation detectable by Geiger counters. Alpha radiation consists of positively charged particles emitted from the nucleus of an atom in the process of decay. These particles are also very dense which, with their strong positive charge, precludes them from penetrating more than an inch of air or a sheet of paper. Because of this, Alpha particles are not a serious health hazard, except when they are emitted from within the body as a result of ingestion, for instance, when their high energy poses an extreme hazard to sensitive living tissue. Radioactivity of this nature is difficult to detect using a standard Geiger counter, but since most Alpha-emitting substances also produce Gamma rays, this can allow for detection in some cases.
Beta radiation consists of negatively charged particles emitted from an atom in the process of decay. These particles are relatively light and can penetrate somewhat better than an Alpha particle, though still only through a few millimeters of aluminum.
Back to About Geiger Counters
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Chapter XIII.—Origin of Idolatry.
“But when all these things were done, men turned again to impiety; 734 and on this account a law was given by God to instruct them in the manner of living. But in process of time, the worship of God and righteousness were corrupted by the unbelieving and the wicked, as we shall show more fully by and by. Moreover, perverse and erratic religions were introduced, to which the greater part of men gave themselves up, by occasion of holidays and solemnities, instituting drinkings and banquets, following pipes, and flutes, and harps, and diverse kinds of musical instruments, and indulging themselves in all kinds of drunkenness and luxury. Hence every kind of error took rise; hence they invented groves and altars, fillets and victims, and after drunkenness they were agitated as if with mad emotions. By this means power was given to the demons to enter into minds of this sort, so that they seemed to lead insane dances and to rave like Bacchanalians; hence were invented the gnashing of teeth, and bellowing from the depth of their bowels; hence a terrible countenance and a fierce aspect in men, so that he whom drunkenness had subverted and a demon had instigated, was believed by the deceived and the erring to be filled with the Deity.
[There is a similar chapter in Homily IX. 7, but in a discourse on the following day.—R.]
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Rudy's Health Products
Get rid of acne, diet plan, meditation, remove wrinkles, cat training, golden training and much more...
Cancers are caused by what's in your food and environment
|Posted by Rodolphe Cote on March 27, 2011 at 7:47 PM|
Food That Prevent Cancers
Cancer can be defeated" This phrase has served as a rallying cry for sick cancer patients for decades, but a growing number of scientific researches henceforth come to the conclusion that the most effective weapon against this disease remains prevention.
"We know that the epidemic of cancer today is due to many carcinogenic substances in the air, water and food," said Liz Armstrong who co-authored the book Cancer: 101 Solutions to Preventable Epidemic.
Most products we use daily, whether at home, at school or at work, contain many carcinogenic substances. Some pesticides, for example, have mostly been associated with lymphoma, leukemia as well as cancers of the prostate, lung, breast and ovaries cancers. When polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, found in both the exhaust from trucks and cars and second hand smoke from cigarettes, they are associated with lung cancers, skin cancers, bladder cancers and kidney cancers. In addition, a causal link was established between formaldehyde (a substance commonly used in furniture manufacturing chipboard) and cancer of the lymphatic system and brain tumors. In identifying and eliminating carcinogenic agents present in the environment, we contribute to the prevention of this devastating disease.
Half of the cancers can be prevented
In its annual report titled General Statistics for cancer in 2010 and made public last month, the Canadian Association of Cancer says that "at least 50 percent of cancers can be prevented through a healthy lifestyle and policies to promote a healthy environment. Same stories from our southern neighbors, who wrote in their annual report of the National Cancer Institute's President's Cancer Panel, published last May. " According to our researches, at least one half of all new cancer cases and all deaths caused by this disease at a global scale could be avoided. In addition to our right of access to information and our duty of inquiry, we also have an obligation to act," said the cancer survivor and research scientist and author of Living Downstream,Sandra Steingraber. After her, the key to cancer prevention is based on the abolition of all known carcinogenic agents. "Actually, the public history of cancer is very encouraging. It tells us that the environment plays a role much greater than we thought. Each person represents a given point and our goal is to succeed in finding a solution to the problem. "
Rare genetic causes
Carcinogenic agents cause mutations in certain genes, which ultimately lead to cancer, it is estimated that approximately two thirds of all cancers are caused by the presence of these substances in the environment and they could be completely eradicated. I would have become very depressed if science had proved that our genes were to blame, "says Steingraber, but in reality, only 5 percent of all cancers are caused by our genetic factors. We can not change the past, but we can ensure that our systems and agricultural industries no longer depend on all sorts of toxic products. We can prevent cancer by protecting people against the causes of the disease.
Products associated with various types of cancer
May cause cancer of the lymphatic system.
Source: Production of synthetic materials and rubber.
May cause leukemia and cancer of the kidney or liver.
Sources: Dry Cleaning, Production of textiles, steam cleaning of metals.
Can cause soft tissue sarcoma, malignant lymphoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma, also leukemia, prostate cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer and ovarian cancer.
May cause cancer of the lung, pancreas, kidney, prostate and breast.
Source: electroplating, leather tanning, textiles protection.
Causes cancer of the lung, pancreas, kidney, prostate and breast.
Sources: Coal, power plants, incineration, production of plastic materials.
May cause mesothelioma
Source: Isolation coverage, cement, jacket fireproof linings.
May cause cancer of the cervix uterus, kidney and liver, Hodgkin's disease and multiple myeloma.
Sources: Degreasers, adhesive products, paints, coatings.
Can cause a severe form of myeloid leukemia.
Sources: Emission of carbon dioxide, water purifying plants, smoking.
Polycyclic aromatic compounds
Can cause cancer of the lung, skin, of the bladder, kidney and larynx.
Source: Heating, carbon dioxide, second hand smoke.
Can cause leukemia, lymphatic cancer, and brain tumors.
Sources: Construction material (wood agglomerate), second hand smoke, combustion appliances.
Dioxins and furans
Can cause lung cancer, soft tissue sarcoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma:
Waste incinerators, steel mills, diesel, wood fireplace, power plants.
1. Filter your tap.
2. Store your water in steel containers. (this will reduce exposure to contaminants and the production of plastic materials)
3. If you use a microwave oven, heat your food in a ceramic container rather than a plastic container.
4. Avoid using pesticides.
5. Eat organic food. (No pesticides, fertilizers or growth hormones)
6. Reduce your consumption of red meat and avoid processed meats.
7. Throw away expired medicines, store your paints and Household products in a suitable location.
8. Buy No toxic products.
9. Watch out for high emissions of radon inside your home.
10 Avoid second hand smoke.
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Program providing high quality web-based information to K-12 students,
farmers, and others about the importance of water resources and water
Improving education through a global network that promotes watershed sustainability.
A place where students of rivers can explore valuable river resources and
connect to facts, books, and people studying rivers.
Harnessing the power of people and communities to monitor, restore, and
protect the world's rivers.
Forging partnerships among citizens, scientists, and professionals to foster
the management and protection of lakes and reservoirs.
Includes reviews of over 100 available print curriculum guides.
An assortment of background information and lesson plans, geared for K-5,
to help facilitate instruction of the concept of water.
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| 0.895688 | 150 | 3.375 | 3 |
A bibliography is a list of works (books, articles, films, web sites, etc.) on a particular topic, usually in alphabetical order.
The standard bibliography details the citation information of the sources: author(s), date of publication, title, and publisher's name and location (and for articles: journal title, volume, issue and page numbers).
An annotated bibliography includes a paragraph following each citation that describes and evaluates the work and may be either descriptive or critical of the contents of the item.
The annotation should include the complete bibliographic information of the work (citation). In addition, a descriptive annotation may summarize:
- The main purpose or idea of the work
- The contents of the work
- The author’s conclusions
- The intended audience
- The author’s research methods
- Special features of the work such as illustrations, maps, tables, etc.
A critical annotation includes the same information as a descriptive annotation, but will also include value judgments or comments on the effectiveness of the work. When writing a critical annotation, include some of the these features:
- The importance of the work’s contribution to the literature of the subject
- The author’s bias or tone
- The author’s qualifications for writing the work
- The accuracy of the information in the source
- Limitations or significant omissions
- The work’s contribution to the literature of the subject
- Comparison with other works on the topic
Purpose of Bibliographies
The primary purpose of bibliographic citations is to assist the reader in finding the sources used in the writing of a work. An annotated bibliography may serve other purposes as well:
- a review of the literature on a particular subject
- illustrate the quality of research that you have done
- provide examples of the types of sources available
- describe other items on a topic that may be of interest to the reader
- explore the subject for further research
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Throughout the month of May, you will see many messages bringing awareness to Mental Health. Mental Health Awareness Month has been observed in the U.S. since 1949. Every year during the month of May, NAMI (National Alliance on Mental Illness) joins the national movement to raise awareness about mental health. Mental health pertains to our emotional, psychological, and social well-being. How we think, feel, and act can all be related to this. It affects our ability to handle stress, make sound and healthy choices, and how we deal with others.
Mental and physical health are equal when it relates to your overall well-being. Conditions like depression can lead to many chronic disease issues, like heart disease and diabetes. Conversely, many chronic medical conditions can also lead to mental health issues. Thankfully there are many things that we can do to improve our mental health or make conditions manageable. Connecting with nature is one way that can help many with mental health issues. Being outside can bring a sense of calm, a clearer mind, and an opportunity to increase your daily physical activity.
Gardening is a great example of how you can connect with nature and get moving at the same time. Create a landscape at home that’s appealing and unique to you, offering a safe space to just be and breathe. Be sure to use the practical and necessary Florida Friendly Landscaping™ principles during this process. Springtime in Florida is a great opportunity to see everything new that nature offers in the south. Many state parks and some Extension offices throughout Florida may offer guided hikes or nature walks through local nature trails. This gives an up-close and personal view of some of Florida’s native vegetation and wildlife. This walking adventure can last from 30 minutes to an hour, helping release those feel-good endorphins that boost our mood and decrease stress hormones. When physical activity becomes a part of what you do daily, this habit can reduce feelings of anxiety and depression, help you sleep better, and increase energy. Read more here: https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/FS441.
Some cognitive functions affected by mental health issues may impair how you approach each day. For example, how you plan daily activities, or even something simple like the ability to make quick decisions regarding certain tasks. Are you able to ignore distractions when focusing on a certain task? This particular scenario surely resonates with me. One question from a co-worker regarding the task can lead to a 30-minute conversation that may or may not have absolutely nothing to do with the task. A quick walk through our demonstration gardens can do the trick to bring focus and better concentration.
These actions may even help our self-concept, making us feel stronger when facing daily challenges confidently. As the saying goes “self-care is the best care,” so take time this month to acknowledge and assess your mental health. Take time for yourself and make a commitment to prioritize your mental health. Take time to connect with nature, increase your physical activity, and breathe some fresh air. Take time to… “just breathe.”
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RIVERSIDE, Calif. — Geologists at the University of California, Riverside have discovered a new mineral, cubic boron nitride, which they have named "qingsongite."
The discovery, made in 2009, was officially approved this week by the International Mineralogical Association.
The UC Riverside geologists, Larissa Dobrzhinetskaya and Harry Green in the Department of Earth Sciences, were joined by scientists at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, the University of Maine and from institutions in China and Germany in making the discovery.
"The uniqueness of qingsongite is that it is the first boron mineral that was found to be formed at extreme conditions in deep Earth," Dobrzhinetskaya said. "All other known boron minerals are found at Earth's surface."
The mineral was found in the southern Tibetan mountains of China within chromium-rich rocks of the paleooceanic crust that was subducted to a depth of 190 miles and recrystallized there at a temperature of about 2372 degrees Fahrenheit and pressure of about 118430 atmospheres.
"About 180 million years ago the rocks were returned back to shallow levels of the Earth by plate tectonic processes leading to the closure of the huge Paleo-Thethys ocean — an ancient Paleozoic ocean — and the collision of India with the Asian lithospheric plate," Dobrzhinetskaya explained.
Until now, cubic boron nitride, created first in the laboratory in 1957, was known as an important technological material. Because its atomic structure bears resemblance to carbon bonds in diamond, it has high density and could be as hard as diamond.
To date, more than 4700 species of minerals have been recognized, with at least 100 proposals for new minerals and their names submitted each year to the International Mineralogical Association for approval.
Qingsongite was named after Qingsong Fang (1939－2010), a professor at the Institute of Geology, the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, who found the first diamond in the Tibetan chromium-rich rocks in the late 1970s, and contributed to the discovery of four new mineral species.
The scientific project that led to the discovery of qingsongite was supported by grants from the University of California Laboratory Fees Research Program and the National Science Foundation.
The University of California, Riverside (http://www.ucr.edu) is a doctoral research university, a living laboratory for groundbreaking exploration of issues critical to Inland Southern California, the state and communities around the world. Reflecting California's diverse culture, UCR's enrollment has exceeded 21,000 students. The campus will open a medical school in 2013 and has reached the heart of the Coachella Valley by way of the UCR Palm Desert Center. The campus has an annual statewide economic impact of more than $1 billion. A broadcast studio with fiber cable to the AT&T Hollywood hub is available for live or taped interviews. UCR also has ISDN for radio interviews. To learn more, call (951) UCR-NEWS.
AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.
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Prader Willi Syndrome
National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
It is possible that the main title of the report Prader Willi Syndrome is not the name you expected. Please check the synonyms listing to find the alternate name(s) and disorder subdivision(s) covered by this report.
Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a genetic multisystem disorder characterized during infancy by lethargy, diminished muscle tone (hypotonia), feeding difficulties, and poor weight gain. In childhood, features of this disorder include short stature, small genitals and an excessive appetite because affected individuals do not feel satisfied after completing a mean (satiety). Without intervention, this can lead to overeating and the gradual onset of obesity. The food compulsion requires constant supervision. Individuals with severe obesity may have an increased risk of cardiac insufficiency, sleep apnea, diabetes, and other serious conditions that can cause life-threatening complications. All individuals with PWS have some cognitive impairment that ranges from low normal intelligence with learning disabilities to mild to moderate intellectual disability. Behavioral problems are common and can include temper tantrums, obsessive/compulsive behavior, and skin picking. Motor milestones and language development are often delayed. PWS occurs due to abnormalities affecting certain genes in a specific region of chromosome 15. These abnormalities usually result from random (sporadic) errors in development, but are sometimes inherited.
Originally described in the medical literature in 1956, PWS is the first disorder confirmed to be due to imprinting errors (see Causes section). It is the most common genetic cause of life-threatening childhood obesity. The disorder was once known as hypogonadism, hypotonia, hypomentia, obesity (HHHO).
Prader-Willi Syndrome Association (USA)
8588 Potter Park Drive, Suite 500
Sarasota, FL 34238
March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
1275 Mamaroneck Avenue
White Plains, NY 10605
Prader-Willi Syndrome Association (UK)
125A London Rd
Derby, DE1 2QQ
NIH/National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
31 Center Dr
Building 31, Room 2A32
Bethesda, MD 20892
10 Rue Charles Clement
Genetic and Rare Diseases (GARD) Information Center
PO Box 8126
Gaithersburg, MD 20898-8126
PO Box 241956
Los Angeles, CA 90024
Foundation for Prader-Willi Research
5455 Wilshire Blvd
Los Angeles, CA 90036
International Prader Willi Syndrome Organization
c/o Baschirotto Institute for Rare Diseases (BIRD)
Via Bartolomeo Bizio, 1
Costozza (VI), 36023
Medical Home Portal
Dept. of Pediatrics
University of Utah
P.O. Box 581289
Salt Lake City, UT 84158
For a Complete Report
This is an abstract of a report from the National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD). A copy of the complete report can be downloaded free from the NORD website for registered users. The complete report contains additional information including symptoms, causes, affected population, related disorders, standard and investigational therapies (if available), and references from medical literature. For a full-text version of this topic, go to www.rarediseases.org and click on Rare Disease Database under "Rare Disease Information".
The information provided in this report is not intended for diagnostic purposes. It is provided for informational purposes only. NORD recommends that affected individuals seek the advice or counsel of their own personal physicians.
It is possible that the title of this topic is not the name you selected. Please check the Synonyms listing to find the alternate name(s) and Disorder Subdivision(s) covered by this report
This disease entry is based upon medical information available through the date at the end of the topic. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate. Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most current information about this disorder.
For additional information and assistance about rare disorders, please contact the National Organization for Rare Disorders at P.O. Box 1968, Danbury, CT 06813-1968; phone (203) 744-0100; web site www.rarediseases.org or email [email protected]
Last Updated: 5/31/2012
Copyright 1984, 1985, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1992, 1994, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2002, 2004, 2005, 2009, 2012 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
Healthwise, Healthwise for every health decision, and the Healthwise logo are trademarks of Healthwise, Incorporated.
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Coronavirus declared global health emergency by WHO
The new coronavirus has been declared a global emergency by the World Health Organization, as the outbreak continues to spread outside China.
“The main reason for this declaration is not what is happening in China but what is happening in other countries,” said WHO chief Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus.
The concern is that it could spread to countries with weaker health systems.
The death toll now stands at 170 people in China.
The WHO said there had been 98 cases in 18 countries outside of the country, but no deaths.
Coronavirus misinformation spreads online
Most cases have emerged in people who have travelled from the Chinese city of Wuhan, where the outbreak began.
However, there have been eight cases of human-to-human infection – in Germany, Japan, Vietnam and the United States.
Dr Tedros, speaking at the press conference in Geneva, described the virus as an “unprecedented outbreak” that has been met with an “unprecedented response”.
He praised the “extraordinary measures” Chinese authorities had taken to prevent it from spreading.
What coronavirus does to the body
Coronavirus: A visual guide to the outbreak
Diary of a life in locked-down Wuhan
“Let me be clear, this declaration is not a vote of no confidence in China,” he added.
BBC Health correspondent James Gallagher said the WHO will now be able to support lower and middle income countries, helping them strengthen their disease surveillance and prepare them for possible cases.
Researchers are racing to develop a vaccine to protect people from the virus. One lab in California has plans for a potential vaccine to enter human trials by June or July.
How unusual is this declaration?
The WHO declares a Public Health Emergency of International Concern when there is “an extraordinary event which is determined … to constitute a public health risk to other states through the international spread of disease”.
It has previously declared five global public health emergencies:
Swine flu, 2009 -The H1N1 virus spread across the world in 2009, killing more than 200,000 people, and a public health emergency was called to ensure the world was carefully monitoring its spread and able to respond, including with vaccines.
Polio, 2014 – Although closer than ever to eradication in 2012, polio numbers rose in 2013. An emergency was declared due to fears the global fight against its eradication could face a major setback.
Zika, 2016 – The WHO declared Zika a public health emergency in 2016 after the disease spread rapidly through the Americas. Although for many Zika symptoms are mild, it can be dangerous for pregnant women and the emergency was called to spur urgent research.
Ebola, 2014 and 2019 – The deadly disease has twice been declared a public health emergency. The first one lasted from August 2014 to March 2016 as almost 30,000 people were infected and more than 11,000 died in West Africa. The WHO cited “the virulence of the virus, the intensive community and health facility transmission patterns, and the weak health systems” in affected countries. A second emergency was declared last year as an outbreak spread in DR Congo.
Media captionInside the US laboratory developing a coronavirus vaccine
How is China handling the outbreak?
A confirmed case in Tibet means the virus has now reached every region in mainland China.
Although questions have been raised about transparency, the WHO has praised China’s handling of the outbreak. President Xi Jinping has vowed to defeat what he called a “devil” virus.
The central province of Hubei, where nearly all deaths have occurred, is in a state of lockdown. The province of 60 million people is home to Wuhan, the heart of the outbreak.
The city has effectively been sealed off and China has put numerous transport restrictions in place to curb the spread of the virus.
People who have been in Hubei are also being told by their employers to work from home until it is considered safe for them to return.
The virus is affecting China’s economy, the world’s second-largest, with a growing number of countries advising their citizens to avoid all non-essential travel to the country.
Several international airlines have stopped or scaled back their routes to China and companies like Google, Ikea, Starbucks and Tesla have closed their shops or stopped operations.
How is the world responding?
Voluntary evacuations of hundreds of foreign nationals from Wuhan are under way to help people who want to leave the closed-off city and return to their countries.
The UK, Australia, South Korea, Singapore and New Zealand are expected to quarantine all evacuees for two weeks to monitor them for symptoms and avoid any contagion.
Britons in Wuhan to return home on Friday
Australia plans to quarantine its evacuees on Christmas Island, 2,000km (1,200 miles) from the mainland in a detention centre that has been used to house asylum seekers.
Countries with diagnosed cases have been keeping patients in isolation.
Other recent developments:
Chicago health officials have reported the first US case of human-to-human transmission
Around 200 US citizens have been flown out of Wuhan and are being isolated at a Californian military base for at least 72 hours
Russia has decided to close its 4,300km (2,670-mile) far-eastern border with China in an attempt to prevent contagion
Six thousand people on board a cruise ship in Italy were barred from disembarking after a Chinese passenger was suspected of having coronavirus; however initial tests came back as negative
Flights to take British and South Korean citizens out of Wuhan have both been delayed, after relevant permissions from the Chinese authorities did not come through
Two flights to Japan have already landed in Tokyo. Three passengers have so far tested positive for the virus, Japanese media report
Two aircraft are due to fly EU citizens home, with 250 French nationals leaving on the first flight
India has confirmed its first case of the virus – a student in the southern state of Kerala who was studying in Wuhan.
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- Facts ought https://datingranking.net/cs/asiandate-recenze/ to be offered throughout the techniques accustomed accumulate info plus the kind of info obtained. It will can provide details of how the facts enthusiasts happened to be trained and exactly what tips the researcher got to be sure the methods comprise implemented.
Analysing the results section
Lots of people have a tendency to avoid the information part and progress to the topic section as a result. This might be dangerous because it’s intended to be a factual declaration of this facts while the discussion part is the researcher’s understanding for the facts.
Comprehending the information area may lead an individual to vary utilizing the conclusions produced by the specialist from inside the topic area.
- The answers receive through the data in terms and illustrations;
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- Displays of brings about graphs and other visuals should really be obvious and precise.
To comprehend just how research answers are arranged and offered, you need to understand the principles of tables and graphs. Below we need records through the division of training’s publishing aˆ?Education research in Southern Africa immediately in 2001aˆ? to illustrate various tips the content is organised.
Tables organise the information and knowledge in rows (horizontal/sideways) and columns (vertical/up-down). In instance below there have been two columns, one indicating the training period as well as the various other the portion of people for the reason that studying step within ordinary education in 2001.
One of the more vexing dilemmas in R is memory. For anyone just who deals with huge datasets – even if you posses 64-bit roentgen run and lots (e.g., 18Gb) of RAM, memory can certainly still confound, irritate, and stymie also practiced R consumers.
I’m putting these pages together for two purposes. Initially, really for me – i’m fed up with forgetting memory space issues in R, and therefore this is exactly a repository for many I see. Two, really for other people who happen to be equally confounded, annoyed, and stymied.
But this can be a work happening! And that I dont state they need a complete grasp from the intricacies of R memories issues. Nevertheless. check out ideas
1) Study R> ?”Memory-limits”. Observe how much storage an item is taking, you can do this:R> object.size(x)/1048600 #gives you size of x in Mb
2) As I mentioned in other places, 64-bit processing and a 64-bit form of R is crucial for dealing with big datasets (you’re capped at
3.5 Gb RAM with 32 bit processing). Error messages of means aˆ?Cannot allocate vector of dimensions. aˆ? is saying that R cannot discover a contiguous bit of RAM definitely that adequate for whatever object it was wanting to change prior to it crashed. It’s usually (but not usually, see no. 5 below) because your OS does not have any a lot more RAM to provide to R.
How to prevent this issue? Lacking reworking R is a lot more mind efficient, you can purchase additional RAM, make use of a bundle designed to store stuff on hard disk drives in the place of RAM ( ff , filehash , R.huge , or bigmemory ), or need a collection designed to carry out linear regression through the help of simple matrices such as for example t(X)*X instead of X ( big.lm – have not utilized this yet). For example, package bigmemory support make, store, access, and manipulate substantial matrices. Matrices become allocated to shared memory space and can even incorporate memory-mapped files. Therefore, bigmemory offers a convenient build for usage with synchronous processing gear (SNOW, NWS, multicore, foreach/iterators, etc. ) and either in-memory or larger-than-RAM matrices. We have however to delve into the RSqlite collection, which allows an interface between R therefore the SQLite databases program (thus, you simply generate the portion of the databases you should use).
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What are the expectations for faculty-student interaction in an online class?
Faculty often ask this question as they are developing new online courses or online versions of current courses. Indeed, the question is a valid one as the Department of Education's Office of Inspector General has set regulations for what they call "regular and substantive interaction". These regulations were needed to ensure federal financial aid funds were used appropriately. Details and expectations around those regulations are rather unclear, however, which has led many institutions to make their own interpretations based on guidance from Dear Colleague letters and accrediting bodies.
Common Misconceptions Dispelled
To understand regular and substantial interaction it's helpful to dispel some misconceptions about online learning. Distance education, in the context of credit-bearing courses in higher education, are not "self-paced" nor should it be a solitary experience for students. However, models of "correspondence education" more closely align with those characteristics. The point is, correspondence education and distance education are not to be confused. Below are two descriptions from the Higher Learning Commission (HLC) that help to outline the differences.
Correspondence Education: Education provided through one or more courses in which the institution provides instructional materials and examinations by mail or electronic transmission to students who are separated from the instructor. Interaction between the instructor and the student is not regular and substantive, and it is primarily initiated by the student. Correspondence courses are typically self-paced. Correspondence education is not distance education and students taking correspondence courses are provided very limited (if any) financial aid support.
Distance Learning (Distance Education): Education that delivers instruction to students who are separated from the instructor and that supports regular and substantive interaction between students and the instructor synchronously or asynchronously using one or more of the following technologies: the internet; one-way and two-way transmission through open broadcast, closed-circuit cable, microwave, broadband lines, fiber optics, satellite, or wireless communication devices; audio-conferencing; or videocassettes, DVDs, and CD-ROMs used in conjunction with any of the other technologies.
Four Elements of Regular and Substantial Interaction
Over time and through the gathering of various interpretations, "regular and substantive interaction" is defined by four elements, outlined in more depth in the article Interpreting what is Required for Regular and Substantive Interaction.
To sum up the elements:
Interaction initiated by instructor: While in distance courses students have a heightened responsibility to take ownership of their learning, the faculty presence, guidance, and initiation of contact is critical. In distance courses, the flow, sequence, and deadlines of the course must be directed by the instructor and the timing of the course set through use of learning activities, online discussion, lectures, etc. In comparison, in correspondence courses students submit work when they finish it and initiate questions when they have them with little or no guidance from the instructor.
Initiation of interaction must be regular and pretty frequent: This element is probably one of the least defined of the bunch. Essentially interaction with students should happen fairly frequently and regularly where students are likely to grow to expect it. A weekly interaction is a good baseline.
Interaction must be meaningful or of an academic nature: Essentially, the interaction should lead toward increased learning and might consist of things like:
- Regularly scheduled synchronous activities. At The Ohio State University this might equate to regular use of CarmenConnect.
- Facilitating a study group or online discussion forum.
- Facilitating faculty-guided independent study.
- Announcements, email, or social media check-ins initiated by the instructor about aspects of the course, additional guidance, etc.
Interaction must be initiated by academic personnel who meet accrediting body standards: Essentially, interaction should be initiated by someone who is qualified to do so as it relates to the subject matter. At Ohio State, this would fall to qualified faculty or those who meet similar requirements of faculty, lecturers, instructors, etc. For competency-based programs this has been defined by the HLC as "appropriate academic credentials and experience in the applicable knowledge domain".
The Plain and Simple
Distance Education can only be successful with a strong instructor presence and regular constructive interactions with qualified faculty. The myth that online learning is a solitary experience is from an earlier day when we knew much less about how people learn and succeed online. Now we know more and the regulatory bodies are driving higher quality interactions and experiences.
Knowing this, here's what you can do as a faculty member:
- Design your course from the ground up to integrate strategic points for faculty interaction, perhaps on a weekly basis.
- Develop a communication plan to help guide and manage your interactions.
Set up regular announcements to go out automatically at strategic points.
Identify students struggling to reach mastery through observation of discussion activity, assessment completion, or even user activity and offer additional opportunities for interaction.
In the Office of Distance Education and eLearning (ODEE), we recommend use of the Faculty Communication Plan Guide to help plan out your interactions. Additionally, check out ways to foster communication and collaboration in your online course.
References and further reading
Canvas Community. (n.d.). How do I delay posting an announcement until a specific day in the course? Retrieved from https://guides.instructure.com/m/4152/l/50735-how-do-i-delay-posting-an-announcement-until-a-specific-date-in-a-course
Fain,P. (2015, June 17). Defining competency. Inside Higher Ed. Retrieved from https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2015/06/17/new-letters-us-and-accreditors-provide-framework-approval-competency-based-degrees
Higher Learning Commission. (n.d.). Understanding the statement of affiliation status and organizational profile. Retrieved from
Lombardo, T. (2016). Faculty communication plan. The Ohio State University Office of Distance Education and eLearning. Retrieved from https://osu.box.com/s/8bthgh9e5farqyususwr6ynkgu2i5ioa
Poulin, R., & Davis, V. (n.d.). Interpreting regular and substantial interaction. WCET Frontiers. Retrieved from https://wcetfrontiers.org/2016/09/30/interpreting-regular-and-substantive-interaction/
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31 Oct How Stress Affects Health
There are many factors in our everyday lives that can create stress. Did you know stress could be one of the causes of weight gain and other health problems? According to the American Psychological Association, stress in America is increasing, with 44% of Americans reporting increased stress levels from 2005-2010. As we encounter stress, our body and overall wellness will experience the negative side effects. This can also leading to worsening chronic pain. Keep reading to learn how stress affects health.
Stress and allostatic load
Side effects of stress are numerous. Conditions and diseases can occur when the body experiences heightened, long-term stress; these include chronic diseases, increased allostatic load and increased stress hormones (cortisol). Allostatic load is one of the most damaging side effects of stress. Allostatic load is the “wear and tear” your body experiences through repeated periods of stress. Experiencing increased allostatic load can lead to decreased functions of the cardiovascular, metabolic and vascular systems, which can cause long-term health problems.
Stress and food
In today’s culture, stress around food has amplified. Individuals who experience distress with eating tend to have a higher level of body dissatisfaction, which can lead to the feeling of guilt and shame after eating. Guilt and shame can be consequences of diet restriction and increase psychological distress. The increase of psychological distress can lead to depression, anxiety, low self-esteem or disordered eating. All of these conditions can harm the body and negatively impact health.
Stress and chronic conditions
Over time, each of these factors can lead to chronic inflammation, increase cortisol levels and increase allostatic load and stress. All of this can contribute to several health problems such as: increased blood glucose levels, insulin resistance, inflammation, blood pressure, aging, weight gain, gastrointestinal dysfunction, reduced immune response and vascular damage. In addition, these factors can all make chronic pain worse. Inflammation, in particular, can lead to chronic pain flare-ups and increased symptoms.
How stress affects health
We want to try to prevent stress as much as possible. While occasional stress is common, long-term stress can be harmful. It can increase chronic pain symptoms and make the chronic condition worsen. That’s why it’s important to talk to your doctor if you have high stress or experience other mental health symptoms. Stress can also be managed by a number of techniques, such as yoga, mindfulness, deep breathing and good sleep.
Source: Weight Management Matters: Weight management DPG newsletter: volume 18:1
We are committed to providing holistic, individualized care and vow to treat each patient with compassion and respect, never turning anyone away. Our physicians are fellowship-trained pain specialists who utilize a combination of interventional procedures and medication management services to tailor a personalized care plan for each patient’s long-term pain relief.
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While our smartphones are able to cater to the visually impaired through accessibility features, they probably weren’t designed for the blind to begin with. However it seems that over in India, an innovator by the name of Sumit Dagar has come up with what seems like the world’s first Braille-based smartphone designed specifically for the blind. Dagar’s company is currently being incubated in the Center for Innovation Incubation and Entrepreneurship and apparently it took them about 3 years to come up with this concept.
Obviously instead of featuring a regular display which would serve zero purchase for the blind, this Braille-based smartphone will instead sport a technology known as Shape Memory Alloy. This is based on a concept that metals can remember their original shapes even after being expanded and contracted. Underneath this “display” will be a grid of pins which will move up and down to form various Braille characters or numbers as required. The prototype has been met with great response although there is no word on when it will become commercially available, but it’s still a pretty awesome concept nonetheless.
Filed in newlaunches.. Source:
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These 7 global principles will teach you the true meaning of love
In a world where the idea of love is strongly influenced by media and societal perceptions, it;s hard to decide for yourself what you believe that four letter word stands for. It's such a difficult concept to grasp, but maybe learning about other cultures can help.
Each region of the world holds a different perspective about what true love stands for. In some cultures. families arrange marriages for couples. In others, people sacrifice themselves to be with their better half, all in the name of love. And while these cultures are seemingly so different than ours, there are some powerful similarities. Here are seven global principles of love we can all learn from:
1. Love is selfless
The men in the Shona culture of Africa offer dowries in exchange for love. In America, men may bring flowers or a box of chocolates once a year, but these men perhaps are the kings of showing others how to woo a woman into accepting marriage. They offer their women gifts in exchange for matrimony, giving the bride and family clothing, drinks, cattle and any other necessities her or her family needs until she ultimately accepts each gift and is lead to her wedding. This practice proves to the family that he can provide for his new bride. Putting the needs of your parter above yours is an act of selfless love that should be present in every relationship.
2. Love is more than a feeling
In the Arctic, the Inuit and Yupik people have developed a language that uses multiple concepts to describe one word. For the Saami living in northern Russia and Scandinavia, linguists have discovered around 180 words for "snow". Also, various groups of cultural groups have dozens of words to describe the concept of love. This shows us all how many ways humans can love and interpret love.
3. Love is unbreakable
India (considered the birthplace of Hinduism) has a religious and cultural ritual of 7 steps (or rather, blessings) that must be completed in marriage. The symbol of the circle is commonly used, allowing the couple to solidify different blessings as they complete the circular path. Upon completion, marriages are blessed with prosperity and lifelong friends.
4. Love is courageous
In Australia near the Cape York peninsula, caves painted by the Aborigines tell the tale of true love. According to a documentary, one painting depicts the story of a man from England who falls in love with an Aboriginal woman; they were kept apart due to their duties and family entanglements. But despite the risk, they decided to keep their love secret and continued to meet at the entrance of the cave. Locals of the area still believe that if a couple enters the cave together they will be blessed with the same magic of peace, love and togetherness.
5. Love is honest
Casa de Giulielta in Verona, Italy is the famous meeting place of the two star-crossed lovers Romeo and Juliet. A beautiful garden under a balcony creates the backdrop to Shakespeare's classic tale. Called "Juliet's Garden", the heartbroken come to leave letters to Juliet, asking for advice and comfort. "Secretaries" actually answer the letters, offering solace to those in need, teaching us all a lesson in being compassionate, kind and honest with ourselves and others.
6. Love is a risk worth taking
The Native Americans have a tale of love that starts with the Southern Wind, a wind much gentler compared to his brothers of East, West and North. South was soft and enjoyed the simple beauty of the world. One spring day he looked across the meadow and saw a lovely maiden dressed in green, with amazing hair as yellow as the sun. He was shy and only admired from afar, but did promise himself that he would introduce himself tomorrow.
The next day South Wind saw her again, but he hesitated. He didn't want to be too bold, so he promised himself he'd wait another day. Each night he went to bed sighing over her beauty, and hoping that the next day he’d have courage to speak to her. But one morning he could hardly see her bright hair. And the next day he found that he had waited too long. Her hair had turned completely white; she had aged with time. South sighed with grief and disappointment. When he looked again, she had disappeared. Poor South had fallen in love with a dandelion.
Elders told this story to warn others against missing out on love by not taking chances.
7. Love is infinite
Brightly colored parrots from South America (called "lovebirds") symbolize something much larger in Latin culture. The birds mate for life, and are actually given as gifts to signify good fortune at weddings.
While customs and languages and traditions are different across cultures, one thing is understood; love is felt by all. While we may not all have it yet, one thing must be understood, that love is perceived completely indifferently to every person and yet it is the one thing that binds us all together. The principles that we base our love upon is what will make that love flourish, these principles will never change and neither will the faith you place in them.
Liset Rivet, FamilyShare
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In the hardwood sawmill industry, decisions made at the various processing stages directly affect the value of the end product. In order to realize maximum product value, it is essential that employees be properly trained. The edging and trimming stage of lumber processing is one area where lack of proper training can result in poor manufacturing decisions and ultimately reduced product value. To supplement on-site training, we have created a computer program to assist edger and trimmer operators in making good manufacturing decisions. The Edging and Trimming Trainer Program is designed to help hardwood lumber edger and trimmer operators and sawmill managers better understand how lumber grade, surface measure, and price interact to affect lumber value and processing decisions.United States. We surveyed hardwood lumber producers. We will present the results of our survey. Scientists want to make a difference and to do that we need to complete the cycle with effective technology transfer.
Trimming Trainer Program
Araman, Philip A.; Palmer, A Jefferson; Winn, Matthew F.; Kline, D Earl. 2009. Computerized training for the hardwood sawmill industry: The edging and trimmer trainer (version 3.0). General Technical Report SRS-116. Hot Springs, Arkansas: USDA-Forest Service, Southern Research Station. 235
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1. What are biometrics?
At the most basic, biometrics can be best explained by breaking down the word: bio, as in biological; and metric, as in measurement. That is to say, biometrics are biological measurements. Thanks to the unique nature of many of these measurements, biometrics are particularly suited for identification. Fingerprints, facial measurements, the patterns that your veins make and even the way you walk – all of these characteristics and more are unique to you and you only.
At FindBiometrics, we focus on the technologies that measure biometrics and apply them to identity verification. Sometimes that means proving to a computer that you are you and are allowed to access your email, other times it means law enforcement officers uncovering wanted crooks. In every case biometrics allow for a high level of efficiency and assurance when it comes to every transaction dealing with identity and credentialing.
2. What are the characteristics measured by biometric technology?
Some biometric measurements are easy to see and others are not. Those that are on the surface – facial, iris, fingerprint – can be measured from a high resolution image with an algorithm that compares physical details.
There are also what are sometimes called Invisible Biometrics: essentially any type of unique biological quality that is not measured visually, usually because they rely on biological processes rather than outward appearance. Voiceprint biometrics, for instance, which rely on the unique sound of a human’s voice, measure a trait that combines the uniqueness of your lungs, larynx and other vocal organs. Unique EKG readings similarly verify an identity by measuring a human heart via the user’s wrist.
Invisible biometrics can be further refined to a subcategory of behavioral identification. The way that you interact with connected devices (computers, tablets, smartphones) can be measured and a profile can be derived from the resulting data. New software can then compare the way you usually type, use a mouse or scroll on a page with active inputs to see if malware or a fraudster has hijacked your device.
3. How does biometric authentication work?
Biometrics involve comparison. Whether visible, invisible or behavioral, biometric authentication technology centers on the capture of a measurement and comparing it to a previously derived string of numbers called a template.
A template is not a whole image, but rather a code that describes certain unique features of said image within the context of a specific biometric technology. Through the administrative process called enrollment, in which a biometric is initially scanned into a system, a template is derived and stored either on a server behind a firewall or in a secure element on a device (like an iPhone).
After enrollment, any time a biometric is scanned into a system in a request for access, the measurement of the presented biometric are compared to those described by the template. If there is a match, then access is granted, if there is not then it is denied.
Of key importance in the case of biometric authentication is the fact that templates are not whole images. A compromised database of biometric templates is not the same as a security breach resulting in the theft of passwords, PINs or account numbers. A template can’t be reverse engineered, but if it could be, an ideal biometric system should require a live biometric be presented for access in the first place.
4. What’s the difference between biometric authentication and biometric identification?
Authentication, as described above, involves matching one submitted biometric feature and matching it with a specific authorized template. When it comes to identification, rather than looking to issue a positive credential, the aim of biometric technology is to simply find a match within a database. For instance: the FBI’s Interstate Photo System allows law enforcement officials to scan biometrics and have them compared to those associated with wanted criminals.
Biometric identification also has applications in identifying characteristics held by groups of people. Some facial recognition technology can scan the faces of a large passing population and provide estimates on its demographics like average age and gender. In general, a good way to distinguish between biometric identification and biometric authentication is to look at what is being achieved with the matching.
Is a user requesting access to a secure physical or digital process? That is authentication. Is the person using the technology trying to discover something about a scanned individual? That is identification.
5. What are the ideal uses for biometric technology?
There are a huge number of applications for biometric technology and more are being invented constantly. Biometric authentication can be used to provide better-than-password security to online accounts or personal hardware (like phones, tablets or PCs). Biometrics are increasingly being used to authenticate financial transactions, especially payments. There are even applications in healthcare that help doctors and clinicians keep better patient health records.
Biometrics help law enforcement agents catch criminals and are making our airports more convenient; they help keep lunch lines moving quickly in schools and make sure no students get lost on field trips; biometrics are making our smartphones more usable and might be the key to helping users seamlessly interface with the growing Internet of Things.
Biometric technology can be used for everything from the everyday to the stuff of yesterday’s science fiction. Find out what applications are being talked about right now by visiting our industry news section.
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History of Modern Mathematics
by David Eugene Smith
Publisher: Columbia University 1906
Number of pages: 75
This book is an outline of the prominent movements in mathematics, presenting a few of the leading names, and calling attention to some of the bibliography of the subject. In these pages the term Mathematics will be limited to the domain of pure science.
Home page url
Download or read it online for free here:
by Thomas Little Heath
History and tradition know Archimedes almost exclusively as the inventor of a number of ingenious mechanical appliances. Few have any acquaintance with the details of the original discoveries in mathematics of the greatest mathematician of antiquity.
by Karl Fink - Open Court Publishing Company
The book is intended to give students of mathematics an historical survey of the elementary parts of this science and to furnish the teacher of the elements opportunity to review connectedly points for the most part long familiar to him.
by Florian Cajori - The MacMillan Company
The history of mathematics is important as a valuable contribution to the history of civilization. Human progress is closely identified with scientific thought. Mathematical and physical researches are a reliable record of intellectual progress.
by I. Todhunter - Kessinger Publishing, LLC
History of the probability theory from the time of Pascal to that of Laplace (1865). Todhunter gave a close account of the difficulties involved and the solutions offered by each investigator. His studies were thorough and fully documented.
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posted on Feb, 20 2006 @ 07:24 AM
A US astronomer has released a top-10 list of candidate stars that have a likelihood of harbouring extraterrestrial life based on certain criterias
that include age, composition and likelihood of having Earth-like planets in their orbits.
Astronomers looking for extraterrestrial life now have a short list of places to point their telescopes.
They include nearby stars of the right size, age and composition to have Earth-like planets circling them, scientists say.
But cuts in US federal funding mean that private philanthropists, who pay for the bulk of their work, may find out first when and if extraterrestrial
life is discovered, the astronomers told a meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.
Please visit the link provided for the complete story.
Recent advancements in techniques used to detect extrasolar planets make this the logical next step in the search for extra terrestrial life. The
universe is so vast and big that it would be practically impossible to look at all the stars in the sky.
Even our own galaxy, the Milky Way, contains over 400 billion stars. Not all these stars can support planet formation, and not all the stars that have
planets orbiting them have planets that can support life.
Our own planet for example sits in the habitable zone where it's not too hot and it's not too cold, but just right -- the "Goldilocks Zone".
Of course, this is all assuming that life elsewhere in the galaxy resembles anything like our own. For all we know it could be on a completely
different plane or level of existence.
Related News Links:
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In a recent study, researchers attempted to answer the very question posed in the title of this article. Before we dive into the results of this study and how it fits into what we already know about this topic, let’s define a few key terms.
What do we mean by fitness and fat?
Aptitude, also called cardiovascular fitness or cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), is a measure of the performance of the heart, lungs and muscles of the body. Muscle performance includes measures of strength and endurance. Because of the connections between mind and body, physical fitness also has an effect on mental alertness and emotional stability. Maximum oxygen consumption (VO2 max), a laboratory measurement of the maximum amount of oxygen a person can use during exercise, is the optimal measurement of CRF. However, self-reported physical activity is often used as an indicator of VO2 max in research studies because it is much easier and cheaper to evaluate.
Fatness, as I discussed in a previous blog post, can be defined in different ways. Most commonly used is the Body Mass Index (BMI), a calculation of your height that takes into account your height and weight. However, we know that measures such as Percentage of body fat, waist circumference, waist / hips, ratio and waist / height ratio tell us much more than BMI about a person’s health, metabolic risk, and risk of death. Yet, due to the ease and relatively inexpensive cost of this measure, BMI is most commonly used in research studies.
What was the purpose of the research study?
Come back to recent study published in the European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, the researchers wanted to examine the “fit but bold” paradox. As some studies describe, the Fit But Fat Paradox suggests that obese people who are also active may experience a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease that overrides the effect of their increased weight.
To resolve this paradox, our researchers evaluated the association between different BMI categories and levels of physical activity and the prevalence of three major risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD): hypertension (high blood pressure) , high cholesterol and diabetes. This was a large cross-sectional observational study that compiled data from 527,662 participants at one point in time, without any follow-up period.
They used the standard BMI thresholds to classify people into normal weight, overweight and obese. The levels of physical activity were as follows: inactive (not participating in moderate or vigorous physical activity); insufficiently active (less than 150 minutes per week of moderate activity or less than 75 minutes per week of vigorous physical activity); and regularly active (150 minutes or more per week of moderate physical activity or 75 minutes or more per week of vigorous physical activity, or a combination of both).
What were the results of the research study?
The researchers concluded that being regularly active or not active enough protected against hypertension, high cholesterol and diabetes, compared to inactivity. Protection was dose-related for hypertension and diabetes, meaning that higher activity levels further reduced risk.
However, neither regular nor insufficient physical activity outweighed the negative effects of being overweight or obese. In other words, overweight or obese people were at greater risk for CVD than their normal-weight counterparts, regardless of their level of physical activity.
These findings add to existing evidence that physical activity reduces – but does not eliminate – the effects of overweight or obesity on CVD risk.
What does this study mean to me?
While the results of this study may lead some to believe that all efforts to improve health and longevity should be directed towards weight management, we should not ignore the unrelated weight benefits of exercise, including including improving energy metabolism, oxidative stress, inflammation, tissue repair and immunity.
Achieving and maintaining a healthy body weight is important for lowering your risk of chronic disease, so your doctor may recommend weight loss treatments such as behavior and lifestyle changes, medications, weight loss surgery, or weight loss. combination of the above. However, we must remember that obesity itself is a chronic disease, over which an affected individual often has no immediate control.
But something we can control is our level of physical activity. Whether for you that means running, walking, swimming, dancing, or lifting light weights, we can always move more, and if that helps us improve our health a little bit, it’s a win-win.
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Djembe is a musical instrument with African roots. It is a drum, shaped like an hourglass. It belongs to the class of membranophones.
The base of the drum is a single piece of wood of a particular shape: the upper part is larger in diameter than the lower part, causing an association with a cup. The top is covered with leather (usually goatskin, less frequently used skins of zebra, antelope, and cow).
The inside of the djembe is hollow. The thinner the walls of the body, the harder the wood, and the clearer the sound.
You can beat different rhythms on the djembe. The game for beginners consists of the simplest hand drumming beats. To begin with, you should learn each beat individually and then combine these elements.
How to Hold a Djembe?
Traditionally, in Africa, the djembe is played standing up, but in European countries, it is more commonly played sitting down – it is easier and requires less energy.
Sit on the edge of a chair or stool, relax your shoulders and move them slightly to the sides, do not press or push your elbows out, but keep them slightly relaxed.
Place the djembe between your legs, so that the bottom of the body rests on the floor and the instrument is placed slightly at an angle so that the sound flows freely out of the pipe. Fix the instrument with your feet so that the djembe is held firmly in place.
Consider the Basic Strokes
Below is a description of the basic drumming of the djembe beat
It is necessary to bring the fingers together and make a blow to the center of the diaphragm. It is important that the hand bounced quietly, as on a trampoline. The open punch can be done with either hand.
The blow should be made with the middle of the palm with fingers spread wide apart. The strike falls on the edge of the diaphragm. The fingers also hit the skin by inertia.
The intermediate fight between the previous two. As a result, the hand is in the same position as in Ba. But it is necessary to strike closer to the edge of the diaphragm.
The left hand is placed in the center of the drum, it brakes the vibration. The right hand makes the slap. If you place the left hand near the edge of the blade, the overtones will be high.
Is Djembe Hard to Learn?
It’s a valid question, especially if you’re new to the world of drums and percussion. The djembe is a very popular instrument, known for its unique djembe tunes and versatility. But is it hard to learn?
The answer, like with most things, is that it depends. Some people find the djembe very easy to pick up, while others may find it a bit more challenging. It really comes down to how much time and effort you’re willing to put into learning the instrument.
If you’re serious about learning the djembe, we recommend finding a good teacher. A good teacher can provide you with the guidance and support you need to master the instrument. They can also answer any questions you may have along the way.
Of course, there’s no substitute for practice. The more you play, the better you’ll get. So, if you’re up for the challenge, go for it! We’re confident you’ll be able to learn the djembe and produce some amazing music.
Frequently Asked Questions
Answers to frequently asked questions.
What is the djembe also called?
The djembe is called the African drum. It is also called the Mandé.
How tight should a djembe head be?
A djembe head should be tight enough to produce a clear, crisp sound, but not so tight that it buzzes or dampens the vibration of the drum.
Why does my djembe ring?
The head of the djembe is usually made of animal skin, which is why it rings.
A djembe is an African drum beat made in the shape of a goblet from a single piece of wood. Its top is covered with leather (most often goatskin). Because of its shape and the fact that the percussion surface is located only on one side, the djembe is referred to as a one-headed cup drum, a member of the membranophone family.
Cup-shaped body contributes to the Helmholtz resonance effect, so the djembe is characterized by deep and resounding bass. This drum is played by hand without any additional devices.
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What is bacterial vaginosis (BV)?
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common mild imbalance of bacteria in the vagina. The vagina normally contains harmless bacteria. BV occurs when that bacteria over-grows.
What are the symptoms?
If you have bacterial vaginosis, you may not have any symptoms or you may notice a change in the fluid from your vagina, such as some watery discharge. The fluid may also change to a grey colour or have a fish-like odour.
While BV is more common in women who are sexually active, it can occur in women who are not sexually active. It is usually not considered a sexually transmitted infection (STI). However, if you are exposed to an STI while you have BV, you are more likely to be infected by that STI.
How do I know if I have BV?
To find out if you have BV, you must be examined by a health care provider. Lab tests of your vaginal fluid may be done.
Your health care provider may screen you for BV if you are pregnant, or planning to become pregnant, and have a history of certain risk factors such as:
- early delivery or pregnancy complications linked to infection, such as premature rupture of membranes;
- amniotic fluid infection;
- late miscarriage;
- low-birth-weight infant; or
- inflammation of the inside of the uterus after vaginal delivery or caesarean section.
What is the treatment?
If you have BV, but no symptoms, treatment is not usually necessary. The condition usually goes away without medication.
When you have symptoms, your health care provider may prescribe treatment, so the infection does not spread into the fallopian tubes and cause Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), a more serious illness. For more information on PID, see HealthLinkBC File #08c Pelvic Inflammatory Disease.
BV is treated with antibiotics. Your health care provider may prescribe these as a cream inserted into the vagina or as pills taken by mouth. Only medications taken by mouth are used to treat pregnant women.
It is not necessary for male sexual partner(s) to be tested or treated. It is recommended that female sexual partner(s) of women with BV have an assessment and testing for BV, as it is more common for female sexual partners to acquire BV.
Will my birth control pills work if I am taking antibiotics?
Birth control pills may not work as well when you are taking certain antibiotics. If you are being treated with antibiotics, keep taking your birth control pills and use a second form of birth control, such as a condom, until your next period after completing the antibiotics.
How can I reduce my chance of getting a sexually transmitted infection (STI)?
Practice safe sex by using a condom
When used as directed, male and female condoms help prevent the spread of many STIs, including HIV, during vaginal, anal and oral sex. Condoms are less effective at protecting against STIs transmitted by skin-to-skin contact, such as herpes simplex, genital warts (human papillomavirus or HPV), and syphilis.
Important things to remember when using condoms:
- Check the condom package for damage and to ensure the expiry date has not passed.
- Carefully open the package so that the condom does not tear.
- Keep condoms away from sharp objects such as rings, studs, or piercings.
- Store condoms at room temperature.
- A new condom should be used every time you have sex.
- Use only water-based lubricants with male latex condoms. Oil-based lubricants, such as petroleum jelly, lotion, or baby oil can weaken and destroy latex.
- Avoid using spermicides containing nonoxynol-9 (N-9). It irritates sexual tissue and may increase the chance of getting an STI.
Some STIs, such as hepatitis A, B and human papillomavirus (HPV) can be prevented with vaccines. Talk to your health care provider about how to get these vaccinations.
Know your sexual health status
If you have recently changed sexual partners, or have multiple sex partners, getting regularly tested for STIs will tell you if you have an infection. Finding and treating an STI, (including HIV) reduces the chances of passing the infection on to your partner.
The more partners you have, the more likely you are to be exposed to a sexually transmitted infection.
Talk about prevention
Talk to your partner about STIs and how you would like to prevent them before having sex. If you are having trouble discussing safer sex with your partner, talk about it with your health care provider or a counselor.
For tips on how to talk to your partner, visit the BC Centre for Disease Control (BCCDC) SmartSexResource at http://smartsexresource.com/sex-talk/talk-about-it.
If you have a sexually transmitted infection and are sexually active, it is important to tell your sexual partners. This will enable them to make decisions about their health and getting tested.
For More Information
For more information on how you can reduce your chance of getting an STI, see HealthLinkBC File #08o Preventing Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs).
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Branch circuit wiring problems lead to more residential electrical fires than any other single cause. Hidden trouble inside a branch circuit can also lead to electrocutions and the failure of sensitive electrical equipment.
How serious is America's fire problem? Based on data from the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) and the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission data, an estimated 406,000 residential structural fires occurred in 1997, resulting in 3,390 civilian deaths and 17,775 injuries.
About 14,600 of these structural fires and 110 deaths were determined to be the consequence of problems in the electrical distribution system. High-resistance connections within a branch circuit, such as a loose or corroded connection, a bad splice or an improper installation, were overwhelmingly the culprit in these fires.
Fire hazards arise when current flows through these high resistance connections, resulting in hot spots. As more current flows through the connection, heat continues to build up. Depending on the ventilation, the heat might dissipate safely. If not, it could lead to a fire.
IDENTIFYING HIGH-RESISTANCE CONNECTIONS
Most fixed wiring and receptacle hazards are hidden from inspection. A visual inspection in the rough-in stage of residential construction may identify obvious problems, such as a staple cutting through the conductors, but they may not identify a loose wiring connection or a bad splice. Normal instrument testing of a static circuit reveals little about the quality of wiring or the integrity of the circuit. However, testing under load and calculating the voltage drop can identify 90% of these hidden defects.
Voltage drop is a measure of how much a circuit's voltage fluctuates (or drops) once a load is applied. Voltage drop can be calculated by comparing a voltage measurement with no load on the circuit to a voltage measurement under full load.
VOLTAGE DROP=V no-load - Vload/Vno-load
The voltage drop calculation will be most accurate when no-load conditions are compared to full- load conditions. When using a digital multimeter to calculate voltage drop, remove all loads from the circuit to take the no-load measurement. For the full load measurement, use a space heater or some other appliance that will draw close to 15A.
Voltage drop can also be measured with some circuit analyzers now on the market that are capable of placing a full 15A load onto the circuit without tripping a breaker or causing any interruption to equipment on the line. These convenient, time-saving testers will compare the voltage measurement at a full 15A load, with a measurement at no load and calculate the voltage drop.
HOW MUCH VOLTAGE DROP IS ACCEPTABLE?
The National Electrical Code (NEC) recommends that the combined voltage drop of the electrical system (branch circuit and feeders) not exceed 5% for optimum efficiency. It is important to note that this is a recommendation and that local inspectors, or other governing bodies, may use their own judgment on an acceptable level of voltage drop for the electrical system.
For example, the Philadelphia Housing Development Corporation (PHDC) requires contractors to calculate the voltage drop prior to installing blown insulation in existing homes. If the voltage drop is 10% or higher, the contractor must replace or repair the circuit prior to proceeding with the insulation. Prior to instituting this requirement, half a dozen smoldering fires resulted from the blown insulation installations. In the 2,500 homes insulated during a two-year period after this electrical integrity test was instituted, no fires were reported. At least 15 other municipalities have followed the PHDC's lead in requiring the load test as part of their winterization programs.
TROUBLESHOOTING A CIRCUIT
Troubleshooting to identify the cause of the high impedance within the electrical system is actually quite simple. First measure the voltage drop at the furthest receptacle from the panel on the branch circuit under test. If the voltage drop is high, then further investigation is necessary.
Testing the remaining receptacles in sequence, from next furthest from the panel to the closest to the panel, will identify the problem. If the voltage-drop reading changes significantly from one receptacle to the next, then the problem is a high impedance point at or between the two receptacles. It is usually located at a termination point, such as a bad splice or loose wire connection, but it might also be a bad receptacle.
If the reading steadily decreases as you get closer to the panel, with no significant decreases between receptacles, then the wire may be undersized for the length of run, or for the load on the line. Check at the panel to see if the wire is sized per Code, and measure the current on the branch circuit.
The reading may not decrease at all from the last receptacle to the first. This would indicate that the problem could be at the first splice, or at the panel itself. Most poor panel connections show up as hot spots on the panel. These can be checked quickly with an infrared temperature meter.
Arc Fault Circuit Interrupters (AFCI), a new protection device, became an NEC requirement in 2002. AFCIs will be required to protect all bedroom outlets, including lighting outlets. AFCI circuit breakers monitor the branch circuit, looking for the waveform patterns given off by an arc fault. These arc faults, which can be caused by a breakdown of insulation in wiring or small appliances, are a large contributor to residential fires.
Chad Reynolds is a product manager with Ideal Industries, Sycamore, Ill.
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COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2 update from Immunopaedia.org.za.
A recent tour de force of our current knowledge of immunity elicited by SARS-CoV-2 and progression to COVID-19 severe disease is given in a recent Immunity article. The authors review what we currently know about the involvement of innate immunity, T and B cell anti-viral responses, including the hyper-inflammation that often accompanies these responses in some infected people. Can any of the immune response markers be used as predictors of COVID-19 disease susceptibility and risks of how severe the disease can manifest. What about known anti-virals, convalescent plasma and vaccine development? The authors state “…it is imperative that immune responses against SARS-Cov-2 and mechanisms of hyperinflammation-driven pathology are further elucidated to better define therapeutic strategies for COVID-19.” This is a comprehensive review of the recent published data.
Journal Article: Vabret et al., 2020. Immunology of COVID-19: current state of the science. Immunity
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Here is a lesson I love because of graphing calculators. My goals for my students were to be able to look at a graph of a polynomial and know its degree and find an equation given various points on the polynomial. I also wanted them to be able to look at an equation and be able to give a quick sketch of the graph with the intercepts and shape correct.
At the start of class before I mentioned anything about shapes of non parabola polynomials, I handed out graphing calculators and we all got the same window and turned the grid on. In Y=, I had them type in y=(x-2)(x+1)(x-1) (or something similar previously checked out to make sure it fits in the window). I told them not to graph it but to think: what are the x-int, y-int, and make a conjecture about the shape. THEN they could graph and see if they were right. We then had a discussion to link the intercepts with the equation.
Then they typed in y=2(x-2)(x+1)(x-1). I asked them to think about how this might affect the graph and intercepts and shape and THEN graph and confirm their reasoning. We did one more, and then I discussed the shape and degree.
Then same process with y=(x+2)(x-1)^2. They had to think and do the same analysis as above. We then did y=(x-1)(x+2)^2 and such.
Then the fun part: I typed in an equation and just showed them the graph, and they had to match it. We did that a few times. I made sure to change the constant in front sometimes and to make it "upside down" and to have various powers. Then I asked them to find an equation for a 5th degree polynomial with 2 "bounces" off the x-axis going in the same direction (both below the axis or both above). Then for the ones that finished that early: opposite bounce direction.
Then we took notes, and I believe they had a good sense of polynomial graphs.
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'Fall Feasts' in Israel
By C. Hart
CBN News Middle East Correspondent
In Israel today, there are set feasts - or appointed seasons
of the Lord - that are proclaimed as holy convocations. The first of the Fall Feasts is the Feast
of Trumpets, as recorded in Leviticus, Chapter 23. This particular
feast is also called Rosh Hashanah. Jews all over the world consider
this time to be the Jewish New Year, celebrated by eating apples
and honey, and recalling sweet memories.
They greet one another
by saying, "Shana Tovah!" This means "Happy New Year."
But, the biblical New Year actually begins at Passover, in early
Israelis see themselves as fitting into three categories, spiritually.
They consider themselves to be either religious, traditional, or
secular Jews. The majority of Israelis fit into the traditional
category, and 50 percent are reported to keep a kosher home. Most
Israelis seek some way of celebrating the major feasts in Israel,
especially the Fall Feasts.
And, the Lord said to Moses, "Say
to the Israelites, on the first day of the seventh month (roughly,
October), you shall observe a day of solemn (sabbatical) rest, a
memorial day announced by blowing of trumpets, a holy, called assembly.
You shall do no servile work on it, but you shall present an offering
made by fire to the Lord.
Messianic Jewish Bible teacher, Neil Cohen, says he celebrates
this holiday by going to a Messianic congregation on the eve of
Rosh Hashanah, and then spending the next day at home. "It
is a Shabbat; a biblical injunction; a day of no work. Leviticus
23:23 makes it quite clear. It's a solemn assembly."
Jewish people, today, see this feast as a new beginning. They hope,
by their work and good deeds, their names will be written in the
Book of Life. There are 10 days between Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur
(the Day of Atonement) that are holy days to most religious Jews,
worldwide. They call these the "Days of Awe." It's a time
of personal evaluation, and Cohen explains, it's also a time of
repentance and turning from sin. "The 10 days of Awe are a
reflection of the relationship with God and with family."
Today, many Israelis are not assured that their sins have been
forgiven. They realize that, because the temple in Jerusalem was
destroyed in 70 A.D., there is no place for the high priest to conduct
the sacrificial offerings to God for the atonement of their sins.
There is no blood sacrifice. So, when Yom Kippur comes, Jews often
spend the holiday fasting and repenting, but without assurance of
salvation. "The majority of Israelis don't believe in the Messiah.
If they have any concept at all, it's in a Messianic age,"
says Cohen. "Yom Kippur has almost no meaning for the Jews
today, because the whole principle of Yom Kippur was the blood sacrifice.
Without the shedding of blood, there is no forgiveness. It's become
a ritual day and a day of hope instead of expectation," he
For Messianic Jews, their faith in Yeshua, Jesus, as the Messiah
gives them hope. "For us, the blood has been shed. Although
not shed on Yom Kippur, the death of Yeshua fulfills the requirement,"
The rabbinical leaders in Israel today teach that Rosh Hashanah
was the day that God created Adam, and the day that God gave the
gift of motherhood to Sarah and Hanna.
According to Cohen, the focus for Bible believers is that it is
the day the trumpet is sounded, heralding the coming of the expected
Messiah. "And, that's the connection," Cohen said, "because
of 1st Thessalonians 4:14-18 – the great trumpet call and
Messiah's return – that's the trumpet call that the Jews are
When you talk to many religious Israelis today, they answer your
questions by explaining what the rabbis say, and not by giving their
own personal opinions, formed by their reading of the Holy Scriptures.
In fact, they will often explain that the oral law (the Talmud)
is just as inspired by God as is the written law (the Tenach, or
the Old Testament). But, the oral law is the rabbinical interpretation
of the written law, and Messianic Jews disagree that it holds the
same weight as the God-inspired Bible.
One of the problems, according to Cohen, is that a basic portion
of scripture relating to the suffering Messiah is never heard in
synagogues. And the rabbis who read a section of the Holy Scriptures
on a weekly basis, called the Haftorah Portion, actually leave out
Isaiah Chapter 53.
"The Haftorah portions, five weeks before Rosh Hashanah begins,
are from Isaiah Chapters 40 through 60; bits and pieces from there.
But, they pass over Isaiah Chapter 53. These are the passages of
comforting His people. And the most comforting thing is that the
Messiah is coming, and He'll suffer on our behalf and release us
from all the pain and suffering. Rabbis don't like that scripture.
Messiah is hidden from the Jews by the rabbis, just as He is hidden
from the Jews by God, Himself," explains Cohen who also admits
that, in this case, the rabbis are actually helping God in fulfilling
the prophetic scriptures.
Isaiah Chapter 53 (Amplified Bible):
"Who has believed – trusted in,
relied upon and clung to – our message of that which was revealed
to us? And, to whom has the arm of the Lord been disclosed?
For (the Servant of God) grew up before Him
like a tender plant, and as a root out of dry ground; He has no
(royal, kingly pomp) form or comeliness that we should look at Him,
and no beauty that we should desire Him.
He was despised and rejected and forsaken
by men, a Man of sorrows and pains, and acquainted with grief and
sickness; and, as One from whom men hide their faces.
He was despised, and we did not appreciate
His worth or have any esteem for Him. Surely, He has born our griefs
– sickness, weakness and distress – and carried our
sorrows and pain (of punishment). Yes, we ignorantly considered
Him stricken, smitten and afflicted by God. But He was wounded for
our transgressions. He was bruised for our guilt and iniquities;
the chastisement needful to obtain peace and wellbeing for us was
upon Him, and with the stripes that wounded Him, we are healed and
All we like sheep have gone astray, we have
turned every one to his own way; and the Lord has made to light
on Him the guilt and iniquity of us all.
He was oppressed, yet when He was afflicted,
He was submissive and opened not His mouth; as a lamb that is led
to the slaughter, and as a sheep that before her shearers is dumb,
so He opened not His mouth.
By oppression and judgment, He was taken
away; and as for His generation, who among them considered that
He was cut off out of the land of the living for the transgression
of my people, to whom the stroke was due – stricken to His
And, they assigned Him a grace with the wicked
and with a rich man in His death, although He had done no violence,
neither was any deceit in His mouth.
Yet, it was the will of the Lord to bruise
Him; He has put Him to grief and made Him sick. When You and He
make Him an offering for sin (and He has risen from the dead, in
time to come), He shall see His spiritual offspring. He shall prolong
His days, and the will and the pleasure of the Lord shall prosper
in His hand.
He shall see the fruit of the travail of
His soul and be satisfied; by His knowledge of Himself (which He
possesses and imparts to others), shall My (uncompromisingly) righteous
One, My Servant, justify and make many righteous – upright
and in right standing with God; for He shall bear their iniquities
and their guilt (with the consequences, says the Lord).
Therefore, will I divide Him a portion with
the great (kinds and rulers), and He shall divide the spoil with
the mighty; because He poured out His life unto death, and He let
Himself be regarded as a criminal and be numbered with the transgressors,
yet He bore (and took away) the sin of many and makes intercession
for the transgressors – the rebellious."
Watch CBN's Rosh Hashana Celebration with Pat and Gordon Robertson with Paul Wilbur.
Christianity's Jewish Roots
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A caring friend will be there to pray with you in your time of need.
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| 0.964125 | 2,046 | 2.609375 | 3 |
From Rodale News
Despite the fact that organic food is your healthiest option, buying it isn’t always feasible. A recent study conducted by the Consumer Reports Food Safety and Sustainability Center found that, overall, organic foods cost 47 percent more. And if cost isn’t a limiting factor, not everyone has equal access to fresh produce (let alone organic produce), such as those living in food deserts.
Organic trumps all, since it’s better for you and the environment, but theConsumer Reports study points out that eating conventionally grown produce is still better than not eating any fruits and vegetables. Here are five ways to protect yourself if conventional produce is your only option.
#1. Look for Country of Origin
Knowing where your food comes from matters. If you’re stuck buying conventional produce, aim for these very-low-risk options, according to Consumer Reports:
• Asparagus grown in Mexico
• Avocado grown in Chile, Mexico, or Peru
• Blueberries grown in Uruguay
• Broccoli grown in America
• Cabbage grown in Canada, Mexico, or America
• Cantaloupe from Honduras or Mexico. Avoid those grown in America
• Celery grown in Mexico
• Cilantro grown in America
• Eggplant grown in Honduras
• Green onions grown in Mexico
• Mangoes from Mexico
• Mushrooms grown in Canada
• Onions grown in Peru or America
• Papaya grown in Belize, Brazil, Quatemala, Jamaca, Mexico, or America
• Pineapples grown in Costa Rica, Ecuador, Mexico, or America
• Prunes grown in America
• Spinach grown in Mexico
• Sweet corn grown in Mexico or America
• Watermelon grown in Guatemala
• Winter squash grown in Guatemala, but not America.
#2. Avoid the Worst Offenders
The Environmental Working Group identifies the most pesticide-laden produce on the market, naming it the Dirty Dozen list. Limit eating these foods whenever organic options aren’t available.
To add to this list, Consumer Reports says high-risk produce (in terms of pesticides) include peaches, tangerines, plums (from Chile, but not America), apples (from America, but not New Zealand), green beans, bell peppers, hot peppers, and sweet potatoes.
#3. Clean Your Produce
Thoroughly washing your produce can help clean off the pesticides. Researchers at Consumer Reports recommend washing fruits and vegetables for 30 seconds to a minute, using a produce brush when possible. They even suggest washing foods that you’re going to peel to help avoid contaminating your clean food with pesticides.
Consider making your own produce wash.
#4. Grow Your Own
Don’t want pesticides in your food? You can choose not to put them there if you grow your own food. You’d be surprised what you can grow, even in a small space.
#5. Don’t Rely on Organic Canned Foods
Organic canned foods sounds like a great way to eat organic on the cheap, but you’re just swapping out one evil (pesticides) for another (BPA). The only organic canned-food brand that does not contain BPA or harmful BPA replacements is Eden Organics. Opt for frozen or dried organic foods, instead. Dried organic beans are not expensive, and Consumer Reports found that frozen organic foods are sometimes cheaper than conventionally grown ones.
BY JULIA WESTBROOK for rodalenews.com
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Name and version: Data and Metadata Reporting and Presentation Handbook (OECD)
Alternative name: none
Valid: From February 2007
The Data and Metadata Reporting and Presentation Handbook provides a comprehensive reference set of international guidelines and recommendations for the reporting and presentation of statistical data and metadata. The Handbook draws on existing international statistical guidelines and recommendations. It aims to improve the quality of statistics at both the national and international levels, in particular with respect to interpretability and coherence within datasets, across datasets, over time and between countries. The Handbook also contains recommendations and presentation practices on a selected data presentation areas like: data revision, series breaks, samplings and non-samplings errors, re-basing indices, citation practices, availability and presentation of metadata and presentation of administrative data.
The Handbook is designed for use by statistical agencies in both developed and developing countries and by international organizations. Promoting the consistency of methodologies through the standardization of format, terminology and dissemination of statistical data and metadata it is applicable for short term economic statistics, annual (structural) statistics, for social and population statistics.
Maintenance organization: The body responsible for maintaining this methodological material is the OECD.
ISO Standard Number: not applicable
Handbook on OECD Web site: http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/46/17/37671574.pdf
Relationships to other standards: Concept Map
The terminology and definitions presented in the Handbook are closely linked to the SDMX Metadata Common Vocabulary . Within the Guidelines for the reporting of different types of data, the Handbook recommends best practices and methodologies/standards for original data, indices, grows rates, ratios, proportions, percentages and rates. Within the Guidelines for the reporting of different forms of the time series, the Handbook presents a key terminology relating to time series analysis (as an output of the work by the OECD Short-term Statistics Working Party).
Description last updated / validated: 19 November 2010
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| 0.841286 | 403 | 2.8125 | 3 |
Discover the cosmos! Each day a different image or photograph of our fascinating universe is featured, along with a brief explanation written by a professional astronomer.
May 15, 1996
The Milky Way Near the Northern Cross
Credit and Copyright: Andy Steere
Explanation: This beautiful image of the sky near the bright star Deneb (just above centre) reveals the stars, nebulae, and dark clouds along the plane of our Milky Way Galaxy as seen from the northern hemisphere (near Columbia Missouri, USA). Just below Deneb lies the suggestively shaped North American emission nebula. Deneb is the brightest star in the constellation Cygnus, located in the tail of this celestial swan. Cygnus contains the asterism known as the Northern Cross and marks one side of the "Great Rift" in the Milky Way, a series of dark obscuring dust clouds which stretches on through the constellation Sagittarius. Deneb defines the top of the Northern Cross while the body of the cross extends past the upper right corner of the picture. Cygnus also harbors the most famous candidate for a black hole in our galaxy, Cygnus X-1.
Authors & editors:
NASA Technical Rep.: Jay Norris. Specific rights apply.
A service of: LHEA at NASA/ GSFC
&: Michigan Tech. U.
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| 0.860944 | 280 | 3.375 | 3 |
When silver coins made their introduction into United States Currency, the half dollar was one of the three denominations introduced. (The half dime and silver dollar being the other two.)
The Flowing Hair Half Dollar was introduced in 1794, sharing its design with the half dime and dollar coin of the same period. Composed of 89.2% silver, and 10.8% copper, the coin was designed by Robert Scot. The obverse features the head of Lady Liberty facing right, her hair flowing behind her. The word "LIBERTY" appears along the top, with the year at the bottom. A total of fifteen 6-ponted stars are displayed, with seven on the right side and eight on the left. The coin's reverse depicts an eagle with its wings outstretched, encircled by olive branches. "UNITED STATES OF AMERICA" surrounds nearly the entire reverse side. The edge of the coin, instead of reeding, says "FIFTY CENTS OR HALF A DOLLAR."
The design was retired in 1795.
United States Coinage
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| 0.967573 | 222 | 3.25 | 3 |
“Universities are inequality machines,” Christopher Jencks, Malcolm Wiener Professor of Social Policy at Harvard’s Kennedy School of Government, said. “Combating inequality works only by leveling up … which often takes generations.”
Jencks was one of a panel of five participants in the symposium titled “Inequality and Justice in the 21st Century.”
Elizabeth Warren, Leo Gottlieb Professor of Law at Harvard Law School, served as moderator and self-described agent provocateur. She subjected her distinguished colleagues, each “representing” a different School, to a sort of pop quiz.
She started by asking each panelist to identify the “most troubling” areas of inequality in his or her field.
Jerold S. Kayden, Frank Backus Williams Professor of Urban Planning and Design at the Harvard Graduate School of Design, said, “Location matters; space matters.” The troubling inequalities he cited were the location of poor people next to “environmental disasters,” exclusionary zoning that locks the poor out of outer suburbs, the cheek-by-jowl propinquity of the desperately poor and the very rich in major cities, the continuing aftermath of Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans, and shantytowns around the world.
Kayden also said, “It’s an odd thing to say, but democracy can sometimes be a force for inequality.” Decentralized democracy, in the form of local community zoning boards, is behind that exclusionary zoning. And this phenomenon has its counterparts, he suggested, in the developing world as well.
Jencks identified the way people’s incomes seem to be so largely influenced by those of their parents as a troubling inequality for him. He also called the “constant debate” in the United States over whether the focus should be on equality of opportunity or equality of outcome “silly” because “every set of outcomes that are unequal is the starting point for another set of opportunities. … You can’t separate these two.”
He added, “We have a love/hate relationship with inequality. We need it, to motivate people.”
Bridget Terry Long, associate professor of education and economics at the Harvard Graduate School of Education, has focused in her academic work on access to higher education. It has now become “absolutely key to functioning in this world” with a middle-class standard of living, she said. She added that she was troubled by unequal access to informational resources that students need to get “beyond community colleges.”
Paul Farmer, Maude and Lillian Presley Professor of Medical Anthropology of Harvard Medical School, cited different rates of maternal mortality as a troubling index of inequality. He stressed that disparities are often as much within countries as between them. The urban areas of Haiti, for instance, have rates of Caesarean sections comparable to those of the Longwood Medical Area of Boston.
But, he added, “Let me just signal as the most troubling thing — the frantic scramble of policymakers to explain away the causes of these inequalities and the effort to erase how these inequalities were created in the first place.”
Amartya Sen, Lamont University Professor, identified inequality of access to health care and education as prime points of concern. He noted that scholars have been worrying about health care access for centuries — in China and India, as far back as the fifth century.
However broad the conversation was, at some points, at least, it got very concrete — perhaps literally.
In response to a question from the audience about what the School of Engineering and Applied Sciences could do to help ease inequality, Farmer had a very specific answer: “We’ve been trying for about 10 years to get people to help us build a bridge so that our ambulances don’t get washed away on the way to our clinic in Haiti.
“We don’t just want a plan. We want them to go and raise the money and build the damn bridge!”
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| 0.969127 | 853 | 2.625 | 3 |
University of Minnesota-Duluth
Venus, Earth's structural sister: Investigations using radar imagery part of Cutting Edge:Structural Geology:Activities
Students conduct fieldwork on Venus without leaving the lab. Concepts include basic mapping principles, remote data set interpretation, structure morphology and interaction, rheology, temporal relations, and large-scale planet processes. Perhaps most importantly students learn that a geologic map is an interpretation. -
Water: Where, What, Why, How? part of Cutting Edge:Complex Systems:Teaching Activities
Students in groups of 2-3 are charged with constructing posters that deal with the role of water in selected Earth environments. This is the last exercise in a series of poster 'events' in the class. These posters will emphasize rigor and quantitative detail in specific environments, with the collective group of posters used as means to bring many Earth systems together (in space and time) through the 'film' of water. Posters are displayed in a public space on campus, and all students will submit brief evaluations of all the posters, to be shared with fellow students. The class 'final exam' will consist of a guided group discussion of individual posters and connections between the topics of individual posters.
Play With Your Food part of Cutting Edge:Complex Systems:Teaching Activities
Have groups of students build structures with a variety of (the same) food ingredients. The challenge, which group can build the highest and stronger structure. In the process of building and class evaluations of each structure, students learn a lot about strength and rheology.
Complex Systems part of Cutting Edge:Complex Systems:Workshop 2010:Participant Essays
Vicki Hansen, Dept. of Geological Sciences, University of Minnesota Duluth Astronaut photograph AS17-148-22727, taken by the crew of Apollo 17, courtesy NASA Johnson Space Center Gateway to Astronaut Photography ...
Visualization Workshop 2004 Participants: Presenter
Teaching Structural Geology Participants: Presenter
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| 0.868971 | 410 | 3.5 | 4 |
The City of Sydney’s new climate adaptation strategy outlines a plan of actions to safeguard Sydney against the threat of soaring temperatures, worsening storms and rising sea levels.
The plan has been developed in collaboration with major science organisations, top businesses and the community, with an independent citizen’s panel offering community input and rating climate action priorities.
The most popular climate change actions, as rated by the community during the public exhibition period are:
- 92 per cent – trees and plants for shade, cooling and shelter;
- 88 per cent – open space and infrastructure for changing rainfall;
- 87 per cent – buildings, streets and open space to withstand extreme heat;
- 86 per cent – factoring climate change in to all future City decisions; and
- 84 per percent – lobbying for design and building codes that plan for climate change.
“Our days are getting much hotter and those hot days are happening more often. The temperature’s already jumped by an average 0.9C and that’s just the start,” the Lord Mayor said.
“We’ve reached the critical decade for action on climate change and cities are on the frontline.
“The good news is we’re already seeing the positive effects of our commitment to tackling climate change in Sydney – in terms of emissions reductions, cost savings for residents and business, and in quality of life.
“Working with a citizen’s panel on this plan helped identify key recommendations, including factoring climate change into city planning, planting trees and greenery, and designing buildings, streets and open space to withstand extreme heat.”
Priority actions recommended in the strategy include:
- Developing a heatwave response plan;
- Raising awareness about climate-related events such as air pollution, bushfires and heatwaves;
- Developing a sea level rise adaption action plan;
- Working with energy companies to assess trigger points and potential vulnerability of the City’s power supply; and
- Calling for changes to engineering and building standards and codes to address climate change.
The City has planted 11,400 street trees in the past decade. There are around 30,000 street trees across the city, and a further 12,000 trees in the city’s parks and open spaces.105 parks have been created or renewed.
The City of Sydney is also installing solar panels across buildings, retrofitting buildings to improve energy efficiency and harvesting and treating stormwater for a cleaner environment. A major program to install energy efficient LEDs in street and park lights across its entire local area has been completed reducing energy use by 40 per cent and improving visibility at night.
Over 6,150 conventional street and park lights have been replaced with energy efficient LEDs over the past three years, saving nearly $800,000 a year in electricity bills and maintenance costs while saving energy.
The urban heat island effect means cities are often a few degrees warmer than regional areas due to surfaces such as roads, footpaths and buildings absorbing heat from the sun.
The City’s climate adaptation plan is part of a series of environmental strategies, including renewable energy, energy efficiency, advanced waste treatment and decentralised water management.
For media inquiries or images, contact City of Sydney Senior Media Adviser Claire Thompson, phone 02 9265 9582 or email [email protected]
For interviews with Lord Mayor Clover Moore, contact Matt Levinson on 0499 319 385 or email [email protected]
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en
| 0.926538 | 739 | 3.015625 | 3 |
Short duration, high intensity resistance exercise to increase muscle strength and mass shown beneficial.
Low muscle strength and obesity have been shown to be associated with higher incidence of insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes. Resistance exercise to increase muscle strength and mass has been found to increase insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes as well as healthy adults.
A recent study aimed to investigate the effects of six weeks of resistance exercise training, compromised of one set of each exercise to failure on insulin sensitivity and the time course of adaptations in muscle strength/mass was conducted. The study sample consisted of 10 men with excess weight. The participants were aged between 28 and 44 years old with body mass index between 26 and 32 kg/m2.
Resistance exercise training involved three sessions per week for six weeks. Each session involved one set of nine exercises, performed at 80% of 1 repetition maximum to failure where the muscle can no longer perform the action to perfect form. Sessions lasted 15-20 minutes. Oral glucose tolerance tests were performed at baseline and post intervention. Vastus lateralis muscle thickness, knee extensor maximal isometric torque, and rate of torque development were measured at baseline each week of the intervention and after the intervention.
Resistance training resulted in 16% increase in insulin sensitivity. In addition, increases in muscle strength, size, and rate of torque development at 50ms and 100ms but not 200ms and 300ms were also observed.
The study concluded that six weeks of single-set resistance exercise to failure results in improvements in insulin sensitivity and increases in muscle size and strength in young men with excess weight. Previous studies have shown that single-set resistance exercise to failure can increase muscle strength, and this study demonstrated that sessions lasting 15-20 minutes are effective, thereby involving a much smaller time commitment than most previous resistance training interventions, which generally involved multiple (2-4) sets of exercises for each muscle group. One of the major limitations of this study is that it only included men, thus it would be difficult to generalize these results to the whole population. In addition, larger randomized controlled trials are warranted to support this data.
A previous study done in 22 Latino adolescent males with excess weight that did include a control group further supports these findings. Patients were randomly assigned to either a twice-per-week resistance training group or a non-exercising control group for 16 weeks. Strength was assessed by one repetition maximum, body composition was quantified by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, and insulin sensitivity was determined by the frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test with minimal modeling.
The study found that significant increases in upper and lower body strength were observed in the resistance training group compared with the control group. The resistance training group significantly increased insulin sensitivity compared with the control group (P<0.05), and this increase remained significant after adjustment for changes in total fat mass and total lean tissue mass.
In conclusion, the improvement of insulin sensitivity and prevention of type 2 diabetes via resistance training has a promising future.
- Short duration of resistance exercise through the week done on a regular basis can have substantial effects on improving insulin sensitivity, which therefore could reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
- From the results, it was concluded that resistance training can impact quality-of-life issues.
- Further research is required to investigate higher risk groups, patients who already have type 2 diabetes, and females.
Ismail AD, Aba Alkhayl FF, Wilson J, Johnston L, Gill JMR, Gray SR. The effect of short duration resistance training on insulin sensitivity and muscle adaptations in overweight men. Exp Physiol. 2019 Jan 29.
Shaibi GQ, Cruz ML, Ball GD, Weigensberg MJ, Salem GJ, Crespo NC, Goran MI. Effects of resistance training on insulin sensitivity in overweight Latino adolescent males. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2006 Jul;38(7):1208-15.
Dahlia Elimairi, Pharm D student at UC Denver Skaggs School of Pharmacy
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| 0.946605 | 825 | 2.578125 | 3 |
1. The text is about a new worldwide digital library. It has opened on the Internet. The digital library lets people see rare items from around the world, including some of the earliest written works.
2. 4-й абзац.
3. Visitors search the library in different ways. They can enter historical dates to see what items were made in the world at that time. They can also sort their searches by similar topics or by the country.
4. It is a good idea to create such a library because it can be used everywhere to discover more about the world’s cultural history.
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| 0.96716 | 131 | 2.75 | 3 |
The suffering and strife of the black community worldwide is a big issue in the time of Marcus Garvey. He really emphasizes this in his poems like “Recitative Song” and “The Battle Hymn of Africa”. This gives Garvey a unique writing style, which was influenced by his life experiences, and was really unique for his time. He is also known to constantly write about how being proud and strong for your people is critical in the fight against wrong doings towards the negro people, and how his poems inspire people. “Recitative Song” and “The Battle Hymn of Africa” are interesting to read because they have the elements of a powerful and inspiring poem.
Marcus Mosiah Garvey was born on August 17, 1887 in Ann’s Bay, Jamaica. His first ten years of life was marked by his growing passion for learning and being trained in the printing business. Later a love for writing was instilled in him after being employed at the printing shop of P.A. Benjamin Manufacturing Company ("Garvey, 1"). Garvey later founded organizations and corporations like the Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League (UNIA-ACL), the Negro Factories Corporation, Black Star Line Steamship
Corporation, and many more ("Garvey, 1") These organizations and corporations helped him to develop his unique writing style. It made him develop that inspiring and powerful voice in
his writings like “Recitative Song” and “The Battle Hymn of Africa”. He instills his idea or mentality of not letting anything or anyone wrong or unjust get you down, you must be strong for your people and your race. Garvey remained a Christian unlike many other activists for black self-reliance and recovery of pride. this faithfulness to his religion also influenced his writings. He also instills in his work that God is ever there if you believe, and let him lead the way to victory. ("Garvey, 1")
“Recitative Song” is about a black soldier fighting hard in...
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| 0.983501 | 429 | 3.1875 | 3 |
Do you even know who Paul Cameron is? In 1860, he was considered the wealthiest man in North Carolina. He reportedly owned 30,000 acres, and up to 1,900 slaves. According to the 1860 census, his real estate was valued at $195,000, and his personnel property at $72,000 (which is probably low). He also had plantations in Alabama and Mississippi. Cameron was born in 1808 in Orange County and inherited a considerable fortune. But he was not an idle aristocrat. He attended the University of North Carolina and eventually graduated from Trinity College in Connecticut. Cameron studied law, but according to one bio, never practiced. He devoted himself to managing his plantations. He was also interested in railroads, helping to promote the North Carolina Railroad, and was a director of the Raleigh and Gaston Railroad and the Augusta Air Line. He also owned considerable stock in two different banks, and in several textile miles. Cameron married Anne Ruffin in 1832. She was the daughter of Thomas Ruffin, chief justice of the North Carolina Supreme Court. Only once did Cameron run for office, serving in the North Carolina Senate in 1856 and 1857.
If you have ever visited Historic Stagville, near Durham, you might have heard of Cameron. It was the house in which he was born, and one of several that he later owned.
Recently, I visited Stagville for the second time. It was on a Friday afternoon, and according to the sign, we had just missed the last tour of the day. I had been to the site a year earlier, and the tours were running a little later, and had managed to catch the better part of that tour. On this trip, we had to content ourselves with looking over the displays in the visitor center and walking the grounds about the house.
In the visitor center, there was not one single mention of Paul Cameron. Now, having caught most of the tour last year, I know that he is mentioned there, as owner of the house, but every single exhibit in the visitor center was about his slaves. Now, don't get me wrong, slavery is an important part of our National story. Without slaves, who would have built out courthouses and universities, or provided the counties and states where their masters lived the money from taxes to take on these capital projects? Without slaves, who would have picked the cotton the fired the industrial revolution in the North? Without slaves, there would not have been the need for the massive amount of textile mills, who were turning out "negro cloth" in huge numbers to clothe the slaves in the South. Slavery is, unfortunately, a part of the history of us. And it needs to be interpreted and understood as a complex and many-faceted academic topic as well as a real human concern that affected the lives of real people with their own unique, often tragic, stories.
However, in my opinion, to totally expunge the story of Paul Cameron (and his ancestors) out the equation, is inexcusable. What were Cameron's contributions to the War? I see a brief mention of some of his slaves being conscripted to work on costal fortifications. And there is a mention of Federal forces raiding the Stagville (and others, I assume) for supplies towards the end of the war. Give us one board (with photos) tell us about his life, and the role of the community during the War years. Did Cameron sell foodstuffs to North Carolina or to the Confederate government? While Cameron himself did not serve (too old), and his sons were too young, how about other people in the community? Or, other members of his extended family? Did he have overseers who resigned and headed off to the war? I read someplace that Cameron was a Whig prior to the war. Did he even support secession and the Southern Confederacy? The Southern Historical Collection has the Cameron family papers. Surely somewhere in those 33,000 pieces are the answers to a few of those questions. The general public wants to know more.
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The peninsular Rivers in India include the Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna, Cauvery, Narmada, and Tapti or Tapi. Together they drain a significant portion of rural India. These rivers carry both religious and cultural significances in the lives of Indian people.
Peninsular Rivers in India
Peninsular India is sapped by five important river systems and they are as follows:
The geography and weather of Peninsular India are two superseding forcible checks influencing the rivers of Pensinsular India. Through influencing the flora and soil of the territory, the weather and geography become two important deciding elements of the sedimentological natures and the entire procedure of soil corrosion, silting, and transfer factors in every catchment area of the river.
The spare flora of the flat terrain has a lot of differences with the reasonably abundant flora of the river basins. Given below are the brief accounts of some important peninsular rivers in India:
The weather of the Cauvery River Valley is controlled by the rains during the monsoon months. The larger part of the yearly rainfall is caused because of the northeast monsoon. The distant northwestern portion of the catchment area features a perhumid weather, which moves to the east into moist subhumid, humid, semidry, and arid subhumid areas.
The geography of the catchment area is primarily created from Precambrian stones, mostly Peninsular granitic Gneiss, Dharwars, Closepet Granite, and the Charnockites (Krishnan, 1968). The metamorphic stones of the Dharwars are made up of slates, phyllites, biotite, schists with chlorite, staurolite, garnet, silllimanite, kyanite, and hornblende. Along with these stones, there are quartzite and greenstones. The upper levels of the catchment area feature the Closepet Granite, which is pink colored granite comprising mostly plagioclase, quartz, perthite, microcline, biotite, subordinate hornblende, apatite, rutile, seasonal fluorite and zircon.
On the major portion of the Cauvery River Valley, the peninsular gneisses and granites consist of hornblende granitic gneiss adamellite, biotite granitic gneiss, diorite, granodiorite, and pegmatite. The Charnockites are restricted to the Nilgiri Mountain Range in the middle of the catchment area. The Charnockites comprise olivine norites, gabbros, and pyroxene - hypersthene granulites.
Cretaceous deposits appear in the shoreline areas and comprise of coralline limestone, conglomeratic sandstone, and shale.
The Cauvery River is also known as the Kaveri River. It is one of the rivers, which is considered as holy by the Hindus. The source of the river is located at Talakaveri in the Kodagu District in Karnataka, in the Western Ghats Mountain Range. The river traverses the south Deccan terrain to the plains in the southeast. The river ultimately pours into the Bay of Bengal via two main mouths. The length of the Cauvery River is 765 km.
The Godavari is the longest and biggest river in South India. It is also named as the Dakshina Ganga. Following the Ganga, the Godavari is the second longest river in India. The river has its origin in Nashik District of Maharashtra. The river pours into the Bay of Bengal.
The weather of the Godavari River catchment area is extremely humid round the year and it is controlled by the southwest and northeast monsoons. The delta territory is semidry with a mean yearly precipitation of 1,042 mm. The highest temperature has been recorded in the month of May and it is 37.3°C. January is the coolest month with an average daily maximum temperature of 26.9°C and an average daily lowest temperature of 19.2°C.
The higher levels of the Godavari catchment area are encompassed by the Deccan Traps, which is made up of minerals such as augite, hypersthene, enstatite, diopside, epidote, magnetite, zircon, biotite, apatite, rutile, and chlorite. The central portion of the valley is mostly made up of Dharwars and Archean sandstones comprising quartzites, phyllites, granites, and amphiboles. The downriver portion of the central valley is covered predominantly by the Vindhyan and Cuddapah metasediments along with stones of the Gondwana Cluster. The Vindhyan and Cuddapahs are made up of granites, quartzites, limestones, shales, and conglomerates.
The Gondwanas are mostly made up of silts with a certain degree of dense coal layers. The Eastern Ghats reign the lower portion of the catchment area and are mostly created from the Khondalites, which consist of quartz- garnet - feldspar - silllimanite gneisses, calc-granulites, quartzite, and charnockites. In the shoreline areas, the Tertiary Rajahmundry granites outgrow.
The weather of the Mahanadi River basin in the north mostly features a subtropical weather. The average temperature during the summer months is approximately 29°C and the average temperature in the winter months is 21°C. Most of the rainfall takes place during July to September and the amount of rainfall ranges between 800 and 1200 mm. In the months of January and February, the rainfall is below 50 mm.
The Mahanadi River is a major River in eastern India . The river is 900 km long. Mahanadi traverses states like Chhatisgarh, Orissa, and Jharkhand. The catchment area of the river covers approximately 132,100 km2.
The Krishna River is one of the important Rivers in South India . The river is also known as Krishnaveni. The Krishna traverses the states of Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Andhra Pradesh. The tributaries of the Krishna River are as follows:
- Akeru River
- Munneru River
- Musi River
- Paleru River
- Vedavathi River
- Tungabhadra River
- Suvarnamukhi River
- Bhavanasi River in Kurnool District
- Avathi River
- Veda River
- Tunga River
- Varada River
- Bhadra River
Maharashtra and Karnataka
- Sina River
- Bhima River
- Mula-Mutha River
- Nira River
- Mutha River
- Mula River
- Kamini River
- Chandani River
- Bori River
- Moshi River
- Bhogwati River
- Man River
- Kundali River
- Indrayani River
- Ghod River
- Kumandala River
- Pavna River
- Bhama River
- Ghataprabha River
- Malaprabha River
- Koyna River
- Varma River
- Venna River
The weather of the catchment area of the Krishna River is controlled by the southwest monsoon, which is responsible for majority of the rainfall in the entire area. High water levels are noticed in the months of August to November and low water levels are noticed in the months of April to May at Vijayawada (AP). Varieties of weather conditions vary from arid subhumid to per humid in the west through semidry in the middle and eastern portions of the valley. You will find very dry weather in the south central portion of the valley.
The geographical features of the catchment area are controlled by the Deccan Traps in the northwestern region, and by the Cuddapah Group in the east. The Vindhyan Mountain Range (east central) and the Dharwars (southwest central) comprise an essential portion of the rocky outgrowths. The deltaic territory is mostly made up of Pleistocene to current substances.
The Narmada is one of the most beautiful Rivers in Western India . The river has its source in the Amarkantak Hill. The river is also known as Rewa. The Narmada is the 5th biggest river in India. The river passes across the Vindhya and Satpura mountain ranges. The catchment areas of the river are spread out in states like Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, and Gujarat. The Narmada River has a lot of religious significance and a number of forests, anthropological sites, and wildlife parks are situated on the riverbanks.
The Tapi or Tapti River is one of the main rivers of peninsular India. The river originates from the East Satpura Mountain Ranges, in south Madhya Pradesh. The river finishes its itinerary into the Gulf of Khambat, close to the Surat City in Gujarat. The river traverses the Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, and Gujarat states of India. There are a number of tourist attractions on the riverbanks of the Tapi River.
Peninsular Rivers are mostly fed by rain
The rivers on the Indian peninsular terrain are mostly rain fed. At the time of summer, their discharge is significantly decreased. Some of their tributaries even get dehydrated, only to be rejuvenated in the monsoon. The catchment area of the Godavari River in the peninsula is the biggest in India, covering a territory of about 10% of the entire nation.
India’s most sacred river is the Narmada. Tapti and Narmada runs almost parallely but pour themselves out in inverse ways. The two streams make the basin resourceful in fertile soil and teakwood jungles wrap most of the soil.
In spite of the fact that seaward rivers pour down the crests of the Western Ghat Mountain Ranges into the Arabian Sea in rapids during the monsoon, they stop to run once the monsoon is over. In west Rajasthan, torrents such as the Sambhar are mostly seasonal in nature, flowing into the interior valleys and saltwater bodies. The Luni in the Rann of Kutch is the only river that runs across the salty arid region.
Because of the severe summer in India, people can’t tour by tiny vessels and flatboats round the year even on huge rivers such as the Ganga and the Yamuna. In Kolkata, where the depth of Ganga is quite significant and the water doesn’t desiccate, Kidderpore works as a wharf for tiny vessels and ferryboats approaching from the Bay of Bengal.
Last Updated on 02 February 2011
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Biosphere Bigger than Bailout
The financial crisis is swarming media and minds across the planet. The immense scale and impact of this crisis is widely comprehensive to many people, as it tends to hit where it hurts, and do so with an unprecedented immediacy.
However, an EU-commisioned study offers a comparison between the current financial crisis and the ecological crisis. It is painfully clear that the ecological crisis tips the scales in terms of cost and impact.
Led by a Deutsche Bank economist, the study puts the annual cost of forest loss at between $2 trillion and $5 trillion. A figure that is "... not only greater but it's also continuous, it's been happening every year, year after year,"
If the economic crisis can accomplish anything, it will assist in broadening people's perspective and turning attention towards the real value and impact of the much larger, and ongoing, ecological crisis.
Photo by Morgan MaherTweet
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The Battle of Shiloh was one of the major early engagements of the American Civil War. With more than 23,000 total casualties, both the Confederate and Union forces suffered heavy losses, making it the bloodiest battle in U.S. history at the time. The Corinth Civil War Interpretive Center is dedicated to educating the public on the significance of the battle, as well as its greater importance in context of the Civil War and the history of military warfare.
Corinth was one of two vital rail and river crossroads for the movement of troops and supplies curing the Civil War. It also hosted the first “Contraband Camps” for the receiving of runaway slaves and their subsequent education or training for incorporation into the Union Army. The camp was the first step on the road to freedom and the struggle for equality for thousands of former slaves.
On April 6, 1862, forty thousand Confederate soldiers bore down on the unprepared Union army camped near Pittsburg Landing on the Tennessee River. Over the next two days, the Battle of Shiloh would rise against General Grant’s army in what would have been a crippling blow to the Union army. The tides turned as reinforcements arrived on April 7, and Grant’s army drove Confederate forces from the field.
Even beyond the immediate war, Shiloh’s legacy was not fully realized until WWI. After the Civil War, European military strategists visited the earthen fortifications and trench systems in Corinth and Shiloh. The efficiency and effectiveness of these systems gained worldwide notoriety as the squalor and misery of trench warfare in WWI unfolded.
To commemorate the events at Shiloh, the National Park Service (NPS) and the Siege and Battle Commission set out to build an interpretive center in the middle of the Shiloh battlefield. This central location is not actually in Shiloh, Tennessee, but rather in Corinth, Mississippi, only a stone’s throw from the Battery Robinett, the earthen fortification that controlled entry and exit into the city. Knowing this may be the only Civil War site many people visit, the clients also wanted to place it within a greater historical context.
In previous generations, visitors viewed Civil War battle sites through the lens of “my people,” looking for familiar names and direct ancestors. That lens grows darker as contemporary Americans are less and less connected to the war of 150 years ago, and many who have immigrated since then have no family connection to use as a reference point. It falls to monuments and their keepers to create these touch points, experiences that bring history to life for a new generation.
[The Corinth Civil War Interpretive Center] is one of the most unique and striking visitor’s facilities in the entire National Park Service System.
Tragic and humanitarian histories converge throughout the battle site, and it would fall to Overland to craft a monument to bring them to life. For the Confederate infantry zigzagging up the hill toward the Union Army, the landscape was littered with detritus shed in the heat of siege. Similarly, as they approach the interpretive center, visitors pass bronze castings of coats, canteens, broken wagon wheels, and other gear littering the hillside until they reach the concrete redoubt.
Once inside, art and artifacts bring to life the battle and its wider significance within the Civil War and the history of military warfare. Overland preserved this tragic piece of history in the design of the building: a low-slung profile, a metaphor for the fortifications and earthen structures that once occupied the hill, offers prospect and refuge looking out to the preserved gunneries. The design team incorporated local materials like stone and rammed earth, echoing the antebellum Mississippi vernacular. The heavy timber structure recalls the brace work of the emplacement and the critical role of the railroads here. Visitors are immersed in the battlefield rather than observing from afar.
After the intensity of the battlefield, the experience transitions into reflective space. A water feature illustrates the disruption of war and resilience of the American union. Water cascades over rocks representing the major battles of the Civil War, and reconvenes in a calm pool. Around the pool, bronze leaves pay homage to the state trees of those who died at the battle of Shiloh.
Life-size bronze statues honor the Contraband Camps, depicting poignant moments of learning and empowerment, as African Americans made their first embattled steps toward freedom. In this quiet place, visitors can reflect on the progress our country has made, and the distance yet to go in the pursuit of liberty and justice for all.
- TSA Design Honor Award 2006
- AIA San Antonio Design Merit Award 2005
- Daily Corinthian, “Today, the Community Dream Becomes a Reality,” 2004
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A rectovaginal fistula is an abnormal connection between the lower portion of your large intestine — your rectum — and your vagina. Bowel contents can leak through the fistula, allowing gas or stool to pass through your vagina.
A rectovaginal fistula may result from:
- Injury during childbirth
- Crohn's disease or other inflammatory bowel disease
- Radiation treatment or cancer in the pelvic area
- Complication following surgery in the pelvic area
The condition may cause emotional distress and physical discomfort, which can impact self-esteem and intimacy.
Talk with your doctor if you have signs and symptoms of a rectovaginal fistula, even if it's embarrassing. Some rectovaginal fistulas may close on their own, but most need surgical repair.
Depending on the fistula's size and location, you may have minor symptoms or significant problems with continence and hygiene. Signs and symptoms of a rectovaginal fistula may include:
- Passage of gas, stool or pus from your vagina
- Foul-smelling vaginal discharge
- Recurrent vaginal or urinary tract infections
- Irritation or pain in the vulva, vagina and the area between your vagina and anus (perineum)
- Pain during sexual intercourse
When to see a doctor
See your doctor if you experience any signs or symptoms of a rectovaginal fistula. A fistula may be the first warning of a more serious problem, such as an infected, pus-filled area (abscess) or cancer. Identifying the cause of the fistula can help your doctor determine a treatment plan.
A rectovaginal fistula may form as a result of:
- Injuries during childbirth. Delivery-related injuries are the most common cause of rectovaginal fistulas. This includes tears in the perineum that extend to the bowel, or an infection of an episiotomy — a surgical incision to enlarge the perineum during vaginal delivery. These may happen following a long, difficult, or obstructed labor. These types of fistulas may also involve injury to your anal sphincter, the rings of muscle at the end of the rectum that help you hold in stool.
- Crohn's disease. The second most common cause of rectovaginal fistulas, Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disease in which the digestive tract lining is inflamed. Most women with Crohn's disease never develop a rectovaginal fistula, but having Crohn's disease does increase your risk of the condition.
- Cancer or radiation treatment in your pelvic area. A cancerous tumor in your rectum, cervix, vagina, uterus or anal canal can result in a rectovaginal fistula. Radiation therapy for cancers in these areas can also put you at risk. A fistula caused by radiation usually forms within six months to two years after treatment.
- Surgery involving your vagina, perineum, rectum or anus. Prior surgery in your lower pelvic region, such as removal of your uterus (hysterectomy), in rare cases can lead to development of a fistula. The fistula may develop as a result of an injury during surgery or a leak or infection that develops afterward.
- Other causes. Rarely, a rectovaginal fistula may be caused by infections in your anus or rectum; infections of small, bulging pouches in your digestive tract (diverticulitis); long-term inflammation of your colon and rectum (ulcerative colitis); dry, hard stool that gets stuck in the rectum (fecal impaction); or vaginal injury unrelated to childbirth.
Physical complications of a rectovaginal fistula may include:
- Uncontrolled loss of stool (fecal incontinence)
- Hygiene problems
- Recurrent vaginal or urinary tract infections
- Irritation or inflammation of your vagina, perineum or the skin around your anus
- An infected fistula that forms an abscess, a problem that can become life-threatening if not treated
- Fistula recurrence
Among women with Crohn's disease who develop a fistula, the chances of complications are high. These can include poor healing, or another fistula forming later.
Your first appointment may be with your family doctor, primary care provider or gynecologist. After your initial evaluation, you may be referred to a surgeon who specializes in procedures involving the female reproductive system (gynecologic surgeon) or one who specializes in treating conditions of the colon and rectum (colorectal surgeon) to discuss treatment options.
What you can do
To prepare for your appointment:
- Ask about any pre-appointment restrictions. At the time you make the appointment, ask if there's anything you need to do in advance to prepare for diagnostic tests.
- Make a list of symptoms you're experiencing. Include any that may seem unrelated to a rectovaginal fistula.
- Make a list of your key medical information. Include any other conditions you're treating, all past surgeries, and the names of any medications, vitamins, herbal remedies or supplements you're taking.
- Consider questions to ask your doctor. Make a list, take it with you to your appointment, and make notes as your doctor answers your questions.
For a rectovaginal fistula, some basic questions to ask your doctor include:
- What's causing these symptoms?
- Are there other possible causes for my symptoms?
- What kinds of tests do I need? Do these tests require any special preparation?
- Is this condition temporary or long lasting?
- What treatments are available, and which do you recommend?
- Are there any alternatives to your recommended treatment?
- Will I need surgery?
- Do you have any brochures or other printed material that I can take with me? What websites do you recommend?
Don't hesitate to ask questions during your appointment anytime you don't understand something.
What to expect from your doctor
Your doctor is likely to ask you a number of questions, such as:
- When did your symptoms begin?
- Have your symptoms been continuous or occasional?
- How severe are your symptoms?
- What, if anything, seems to improve your symptoms?
- What, if anything, appears to worsen your symptoms?
- Are you able to have regular bowel movements?
- Do you experience uncontrolled loss of stool, also called fecal incontinence?
- Do you have difficulty with constipation that causes you to strain a lot during bowel movements?
- Have you given birth vaginally? Were there any complications?
- Have you ever had pelvic surgery?
- Have you ever been treated for a gynecologic cancer?
- Have you had pelvic radiation therapy?
- Do you have any other medical conditions, such as Crohn's disease?
You can expect a physical exam and certain tests, depending on your needs.
Your doctor will perform a physical exam to try to locate the rectovaginal fistula and check for a possible tumor mass, infection or abscess. The doctor's exam includes inspecting your vagina, anus and the area between them (perineum) with a gloved hand.
Unless the fistula is very low in the vagina and readily visible, your doctor may use a speculum to see inside your vagina. An instrument similar to a speculum, called a proctoscope, may be inserted into your anus and rectum to check for problems.
Your doctor may take a sample of tissue for lab analysis (biopsy) during the procedure.
Tests for identifying fistulas
Your doctor may not find a fistula during the physical exam. Other tests may be needed to locate and evaluate a rectovaginal fistula. These tests can also help your medical team in planning for surgery.
- Contrast tests. A vaginogram or a barium enema can help identify a fistula located in the upper rectum. These tests use a contrast material to show the vagina or the bowel on an X-ray image.
- Blue dye test. This test involves placing a tampon into your vagina, then injecting blue dye into your rectum. Blue staining on the tampon indicates a fistula.
- Computerized tomography (CT) scan. A CT scan of your abdomen and pelvis provides more detail than does a standard X-ray. The CT scan can help locate a fistula and determine its cause.
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This test creates images of soft tissues in your body. MRI can show the location of a fistula, whether other pelvic organs are involved or whether you have a tumor.
- Anorectal ultrasound. This procedure uses sound waves to produce a video image of your anus and rectum. Your doctor inserts a narrow, wand-like instrument into your anus and rectum. This test can evaluate the structure of your anal sphincter and may show childbirth-related injury.
- Anorectal manometry. This test measures the sensitivity and function of your rectum and can give information about the rectal sphincter and your ability to control stool passage. This test does not locate fistulas, but may help in planning the fistula repair.
- Other tests. If your doctor suspects you have inflammatory bowel disease, he or she may order a colonoscopy to view your colon. During the procedure, your doctor can take small samples of tissue (biopsy) for lab analysis, which can help confirm Crohn's disease.
Symptoms of a rectovaginal fistula can be distressing, but treatment is often effective. Treatment for the fistula depends on its cause, size, location and effect on surrounding tissues.
Your doctor may recommend a medication to help treat the fistula or prepare you for surgery:
- Antibiotics. If the area around your fistula is infected, you may be given a course of antibiotics before surgery. Antibiotics may also be recommended for women with Crohn's disease who develop a fistula.
- Infliximab. Infliximab (Remicade) can help reduce inflammation and heal fistulas in women with Crohn's disease.
Most people need surgery to close or repair a rectovaginal fistula.
Before an operation can be done, the skin and other tissue around the fistula must be healthy, without infection or inflammation. Your doctor may recommend waiting three to six months before having surgery to ensure the surrounding tissue is healthy and see if the fistula closes on its own.
Surgery to close a fistula may be done by a gynecologic surgeon, a colorectal surgeon or both working as a team. The goal is to remove the fistula tract and close the opening by sewing together healthy tissue. Surgical options include:
- Sewing an anal fistula plug or patch of biologic tissue into the fistula to allow your tissue to grow into the patch and heal the fistula.
- Using a tissue graft taken from a nearby part of your body or folding a flap of healthy tissue over the fistula opening.
- Repairing the anal sphincter muscles if they've been damaged by the fistula or by scarring or tissue damage from radiation or Crohn's disease.
- Performing a colostomy before repairing a fistula in complex or recurrent cases to divert stool through an opening in your abdomen instead of through your rectum. Most of the time, this surgery isn't needed. But you may need this if you've had tissue damage or scarring from previous surgery or radiation treatment, an ongoing infection or significant fecal contamination, a cancerous tumor, or an abscess. If a colostomy is needed, your surgeon may wait eight to 12 weeks before repairing the fistula. Usually after about three to six months and confirmation that your fistula has healed, the colostomy can be reversed and normal bowel function restored.
Good hygiene can help ease discomfort and reduce the chance of vaginal or urinary tract infections while waiting for repair. Other home remedies for people living with a rectovaginal fistula include:
- Wash with water. Shower or gently wash your outer genital area with just warm water each time you experience vaginal discharge or passage of stool.
- Avoid irritants. Soap can dry and irritate your skin, but you may need a gentle unscented soap in moderation. Avoid harsh or scented soap and scented tampons and pads. Vaginal douches can increase your chance of infection.
- Dry thoroughly. Allow the area to air-dry after washing, or gently pat the area dry with a clean cloth or towel.
- Avoid rubbing with dry toilet paper. Pre-moistened, alcohol-free, unscented towelettes or wipes or moistened cotton balls are a good alternative.
- Apply a cream or powder. Moisture-barrier creams protect irritated skin from liquid or stool. Nonmedicated talcum powder or cornstarch also may help relieve discomfort. Ask your doctor to recommend a product. Be sure the area is clean and dry before you apply any cream or powder.
- Wear cotton underwear and loose clothing. Tight clothing can restrict airflow and worsen skin problems. Change soiled underwear quickly. Products such as absorbent pads, disposable underwear or adult diapers can help if you're passing liquid or stool, but be sure they have an absorbent wicking layer on top.
For best results, be sure to follow any other recommendations from your health care team.
Oct. 17, 2015
- deBeche-Adams TH, et al. Rectovaginal fistulas. Clinics in Colon and Rectal Surgery. 2010;23:99.
- Champagne BJ, et al. Rectovaginal fistula. The Surgical Clinics of North America. 2010;90:69.
- Tintinalli JE, et al. Anorectal disorders. In: Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide. 7th ed. New York, N.Y.: The McGraw-Hill Companies; 2011. http://www.accessmedicine.com. Accessed Aug. 21, 2015.
- Browning A, et al. Characteristics, management, and outcomes of repair of rectovaginal fistula among 1100 consecutive cases of genital tract fistula in Ethiopia. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics. Accessed Aug. 23, 2015.
- Schwartz DA, et al. The role of imaging tests in the evaluation of anal abscesses and fistulas. http://www.uptodate.com/home. Accessed Aug. 21, 2015.
- Fecal incontinence. National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse. http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/digestive-diseases/fecal-incontinence/Pages/facts.aspx. Accessed Aug. 21, 2015.
- Toglia MR. Rectovaginal and anovaginal fistulas. http://www.uptodate.com/home. Accessed Aug. 21, 2015.
- de la Poza G, et al. Genital fistulas in female Crohn's disease patients: Clinical characteristics and response to therapy. Journal of Crohn's and Colitis. 2012;6:276.
- Hoffman BL, et al. Surgeries for female pelvic reconstruction. In: Williams Gynecology. 2nd ed. New York, N.Y.: The McGraw-Hill Companies; 2012. http://accessmedicine.com. Accessed Aug. 23, 2015.
- Brunicardi FC, et al., eds. Colon, rectum, and anus. In: Schwartz's Principles of Surgery. 9th ed. New York, N.Y.: The McGraw-Hill Companies; 2010. http://accessmedicine.com. Accessed Aug. 23, 2015.
- Bowel retraining. MedlinePlus. https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003971.htm. Accessed Aug. 26, 2015.
- A question for women's health: Chemicals in feminine hygiene products and personal lubricants. Environmental Health Perspectives. 2014;122:A70.
- Rohren, CH (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. Sept. 11, 2015.
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October 7-28, 2012: SpaceX’s Dragon spacecraft has successfully completed a resupply mission to the International Space Station (ISS). The mission, called CRS-1, is the first of twelve cargo missions Dragon will fly as part of the Commercial Resupply Services (CRS) contract with NASA. As such, the mission marks the return of the regular ability of the United States to deliver cargo to the ISS, and it is the second commercial flight to do so (the first being the Dragon Demo mission to ISS).
Dragon was launched from Cape Canaveral on a Falcon-9 rocket on October 7, 2012, then reached ISS and was berthed to the U.S. Segment Node-2 by the on-board crew at 14:03 GMT on October 10. After three weeks attached to the ISS, Dragon safely departed, re-entered the atmosphere, and was recovered on October 28, 2012. Odyssey engineers performed real-time mission support at Mission Control Center in Houston, working with both SpaceX and NASA during the entire mission. Odyssey’s role in Dragon development was extensive, including Dragon Guidance Navigation and Control (GN&C) and System Engineering design support, as well as Independent Verification and Validation of all safety critical software. Congratulations to the entire SpaceX and NASA team! For more images and details about the historic SpaceX Dragon CRS-1 mission, visit the SpaceX website: http://www.spacex.com
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Once December arrives, there is an animated buzz in our building. We are all excited about the Christmas and Hanukkah holidays. We wonder if there will be a long winter season, which means possible snow days. Winter Break is so close, the teachers can feel the relaxation. In spite of this buzz, we still need to teach the curriculum to our students. That is why I love the Hour of Code.
The Hour of Code, sponsored by Code.org, happens during the Computer Science Education Week. This year it is December 7 to December 13, 2015. For the past two years, I have sponsored the Hour of Code with parents for the entire school. Last year I was extremely proud and gratified to see 384 students participate in this worldwide event. Over two and a half days, students in grades 1 through 5, including our special needs classrooms, spent an hour coding with the visual programming platforms, Scratch and Tynker.
Coding for Every Student
What was fascinating was that every student entered the gym on the same “leveled playing field” and succeeded at the task of coding. Every student regardless of Guided Reading Level, math ability or modifications succeeded with the day’s computer programming tasks. Throughout this event, you saw students using the visual block format to solve puzzles and to design pictures and games. You also heard the students working with their partners and sharing ideas.
This year our school offered a Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, and Math (STEAM) program after school for six sessions. I was one of three teachers to offer the coding curriculum designed by Code.org. I taught and mentored first and second-grade coders. Our goal this year is to have individual classroom teachers present the Hour of Code to their students.
Where do I Begin?
You can start by visiting Code.org. The organization has done a fabulous job in making computer coding accessible to everyone. Scratch and Tynker are available online through their Hour of Code and Beyond One Hour pages. This year they have added Minecraft and Star Wars coding activities. The best part about Code.org: you can access the coding exercises on computers and tablets.
Tynker, Kodable, and Lightbot are available for Tablets. Kodable is a great first coding app for young kids. Lightbot is for older kids. You can download the Scratch editor for your Mac or PC computer. Make the Hour of Code part of your classroom curriculum!
If you enjoy reading Chalkspot.com, please become a follower and subscribe to get email updates about new posts. You can also follow me on Facebook or Pinterest for links to other articles and ideas about teaching and education. Thank you for stopping by and reading my posts!
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Genetic make-up analysis to prevent diseasesFebruary 3, 2014
Reverse signs of ageing with healthy lifestyleFebruary 17, 2014
It’s your lifestyle!
“In minds crammed with thoughts, organs clogged with toxins, and bodies stiffened with neglect, there is just no space for anything else”
People often underestimate the gloomy effects of an unhealthy lifestyle. When you’re addicted to an unhealthy lifestyle just like the late award winning actor Philip Seymour Hoffman, you may not be able to revive just like he suffered an undesirable end. With deepest sympathy, let’s take this opportunity to look back and take control of our life.
Positive lifestyle changes with a healthy diet can make you feel a lot better. The choices you make about how you want to live can make a significant difference in your health. You’ll have to be motivated to make any number of positive lifestyle changes to stay healthy. It’s all about living well for longer.
Let’s understand and adopt a comprehensive approach to total wellness
- Adopting a balanced diet:Balanced diet simply means ‘eating the right food in the right quantity with the right proportion and at the right time’ to keep you well. Understand the RDA (Recommended Daily Allowances) for the quantity of a particular nutrient which you should consume daily in order to maintain optimal health.
- Doing some exercise:If exercise and regular physical activity can benefit your body, a sedentary lifestyle does the opposite, that is., it increases your chances for developing obesity and a number of chronic diseases. Proper exercise will create strength, flexibility, endurance and balance. Make sure you do some form of exercise every day, so that you will be heart healthy, active and fit forever.
- Adopting stress management techniques, such as meditation and yoga can make your life stress simple and stress-free. Live each day in alignment with your health.
- Adopting greater intimacy and social support: Studies have demonstrated a positive association between increased levels of social support and reduced risk for diseases, mental illness, and mortality. Social support includes real or perceived resources provided by others that enable a person to feel cared for, valued, and a part of communication and mutual obligation. Social networks, whether formal or informal provide a sense of belonging, security, and community. You can avoid a wide array of lifestyle-induced diseases, if you have an extensive social support.
- Last but never the least, know what your DNA tells about your health: Your DNA sets you apart from others. Genes have a good grip on your current health condition. And you can know your predisposition for various lifestyle diseases by getting your DNA tested. At XCode, with a Lifelong Wellness assessment we quantify your relative risk for genetic predisposition to lifestyle-associated, non- communicable diseases like Obesity, Diabetes, Hypertension, Heart disease and Stroke using SNPs that have significant association (GWAS) shown in Indian population. In addition to assessing the risk for diseases, our genetic assessment also includes Nutrigenomic variable screening based on which personalized recommendations on diet, fitness and personal habits are made.
Having said all of this, what we need from you, is to get your DNA tested and follow a healthy lifestyle. After all you’re never too young or too old to switch to a healthier lifestyle. Staying healthy and feeling better is important at any age.
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Sleep Apnea is a disorder defined by dangerous intervals between breaths during ones sleep. Common symptoms of Sleep Apnea are intense snoring, grasping for air or using a sore throat upon awakening, deficit of energy due to restlessness during sleep or regular awakenings through out the night. They may also consist of headaches, and perpetual mood changes that ill result in a lack of desire to have sex. If Sleep Apnea goes untreated it’s going to lead to serious health risks just like stroke, high blood pressure, cardio vascular disease or diabetes.
Sleep Apnea is classified into two various types: obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) and central Sleep Apnea (CSA). Some victims of Sleep Apnea may suffer from a combination of both OSA and CSA, which is referred to as complex Sleep Apnea or mixed Sleep Apnea. Obstructive Sleep Apnea is a lot more common than CSA and is known by a blocked airway induced from a collapse of delicate tissue at the back of the throat during sleep. Central Sleep Apnea is when the brain is not able to tell the muscles to breathe owing to an imbalance in the respiratory control center. Complex Sleep Apnea is generally formed when OSA goes untreated for an extensive period of time resulting in the person to get started on growing symptoms of CSA as well.
Should your doctor isn’t sure if you have Sleep Apnea you might want to require a Sleep Apnea check. These kinds of assessments often happen at a sleep disorder center. The most common check is a Polysomnogram. Polysomnograms measure your activity during sleep, which is then analyzed by a sleep bank who can determine your situation. During the sleep analyze you will stay in a bed at the sleep center with electrodes placed on your face and fingertip. While this exercise may sound uncomfortable people often fall asleep without any problems. Treating Sleep Apnea can be as uncomplicated as losing weight, though more serious cases of Sleep Apnea may necessitate surgery.
To deal with mild conditions of Sleep Apnea refrain from sleeping pills, cigarettes and alcohol. Losing weight, switching sleeping positions and ceasing to sleep on your back will also facilitate generate good effects. Treating more serious scenarios of Sleep Apnea may incorporate the usage of oxygen masks, dental products, or surgeries that range from correcting the septum or removing tissue from the back of the throat. By far the most intense surgery may involve correcting throat blockage or facial aberrations.
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Names of God
1. The root of the word אלקים comes from the word אלה which means “these”. It defines plurality of things joined together to form one unit. When we see a group of things we define them as “these” – אלה .
This word defines God as the One Whose might and will encompasses the plurality of the world in unity.
2. As such, the word means the One who is ruler, director, law giver, and judge of the world.מדת הדין
3. This name defines God as Creator of all forces, albeit seemingly contradictory forces.
(All forces are unified in that they all emanate from their one and only Creator, sharing a common goal; setting the stage for Man’s mission. GS)
Beraishis1:1, Pages 3-4
The world came to be as it is because God planned it so. The world did not continue to evolve because God had planned the world to develop precisely in the manner and degree that it did and not beyond that. Each aspect of the universe was brought to its position to serve its purpose. Like soldiers at the ready, each serves its unique role in God’s grand scheme. No individual part is insignificant.
The fact that the universe halted its development at this point is testimony to a Creator who designed it to arrive at this point. This is the meaning of the name of God ש-די.
שאמר לעולמו די – God told His world “Enough!”
Beraishis, 2:1, Pages 40-43
The Name of God י-ה-ו-ה is often translated as Eternal. (While this is of course absolutely true,) this understanding of God’s Name teaches us nothing about our relationship with God and our lives. We must seek a meaning of the Name of God which provides a message for our lives.
Our rabbis teach that this name (also) describes God’s מדת הרחמים attribute of mercy. Grammatically, this word, derived from its root היה “exist” means the One Who grants existence and is always prepared to grant new existence to meet the needs of Man’s education. Even if Man’s past actions may warrant his end, this attribute grants Man a new chance.
Our rabbis also teach that the Name אלקים describes God’s attribute of Justice – מדת הדין. The Name אלקים indicates that God put all the rules of nature in place. There is a specific set order which should not be tampered with. Every created being must comply and fulfill its role.
The world without Man operates with the attribute of מדת הדין – Justice alone. But with the creation of Man, who often fails at his mission due to his free will, there is the constant adjustment to the set rules of natural development.
Because Avraham exerted himself to see God in nature, אלקים, God responded to him by teaching him about His name י-ה-ו-ה, the God who has brought about all of nature for the opportunity to educate Man to come closer to God. As י-ה-ו-ה, God will move history along the path to its higher purpose, the education of Man, even if it requires the suspension of the rules of nature.
The world only came to fully witness and understand this relationship with God at the time the Jewish nation was formed in Egypt. Then, the Jewish nation had no ability to fend for themselves physically and survive and despite that God interceded and redeemed them. (This was clearly the divine hand operating against the rules of nature.) Jewish history begins with this lesson. All of Jewish history is one big lesson of God’s involvement in the world and His constant education of Man, which is the meaning behind the name י-ה-ו-ה.
The Name י-ה-ו-ה describes God as the God who is involved in the moral development of Man; the God of History, the God of Man’s Education. Man’s response to this should be submission to God in His expectations of our morality. This is why we pronounce the name as we do, whose meaning is “my Master”.
The combined Name ה’ אלקים indicates both concepts in one expression; The God who has set rules in the universe and operates silently in the background, maintaining the constancy of nature. At the same time, God is constantly interceding, regulating and adjusting these rules as He sees fit, for the needs of the education of Man. (At times these changes are blatant and dramatic, but often these are very subtle, [appearing as part of nature such as weather conditions - see Beraishis 2D], catered to the needs of individuals.) ה’ אלקים is the God of Divine Providence.
Beraishis 2:4, Pages 47-51
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What is it about?
In the Caribbean region, prenatal exposure to multiple chemical toxicants were measured and documented.
Photo by Andrew Seaman on Unsplash
Why is it important?
The results of this study indicate that in the Caribbean region, mothers are exposed to generally low levels of POPs.
Read the Original
This page is a summary of: Prenatal exposure to persistent organic pollutants and polybrominated diphenyl ethers in 10 Caribbean countries, Environmental Research, August 2014, Elsevier, DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2014.05.021.
You can read the full text:
The following have contributed to this page
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The ¿NQUIRY Wheel Game is designed to guide both teachers and students toward a more dynamic view of the Scientific Method. Commonly thought of as a set of stepwise procedures, the Scientific Method is actually a vibrant spectrum of scientific inquiry strategies that are iterative and creative.
The ¿NQUIRY Wheel Game is a fun way for seekers of knowledge, of all ages, to explore many variations of these strategies. The act of playing the ¿NQUIRY Wheel Game can provide a robust carryover into other aspects of science instruction. Teaching science as inquiry aims at having students do what scientists do and think how scientists think. The ¿NQUIRY wheel displays a spectrum of strategies that expert scientists draw from, a knowledge acquired through many years of study and practice.
The ¿NQUIRY Wheel Game engages students of all ages as they select and apply scientific inquiry strategies: 1) to explore a new topic of interest or unit of study; 2) to plan a science project; 3) to carry out a science investigation; 4) to construct a scientific or technical product; 5) to solve a problem; or 6) to experience the thrill of discovery!
For Information about ¿NQUIRY Workshops and Research Expeditions, visit: urbansciencecorps.org.
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Today's handsome hunks may owe their good looks to a sexual power shift towards the fair sex during primate evolution.
As our ancestors evolved, the ability to attract a female mate through good looks became may have become more important in the mating stakes than the ability to fight off male rivals, suggests a new study.
By analysing the shapes and sizes of facial features in chimps, gorillas and other primates, researchers in Germany and the University of Cambridge, UK, found evidence suggesting that our ancestors may have gradually sacrificed fighting for wooing.
"Our research suggests that in early humans, a face that was attractive as opposed to aggressive conferred an advantage," says Eleanor Weston at the Research Institute Senckenberg in Frankfurt, a member of the team.
She says that changes were probably driven by choosy females who began to demand handsomeness, not brute force.
Prominent canine teeth which still signify a male's dominance and fighting ability in many primates like baboons and gorillas, may have been replaced by less aggressive teeth and looks.
Broader faces with prominent cheekbones, not unlike those of contemporary movie stars including Johnny Depp, Orlando Bloom and Viggo Mortensen, were picked preferentially by females.
Weston drew her conclusions after initially studying facial features of chimps and gorillas. In most primates, males have much longer canines than females, a trait that often reflects which males are dominant. This difference was much less prominent in the chimps.
Sexual selection was starting to be driven by the attractiveness of a male's face in the chimps, believes Weston, and this tallied with development of broader faces with more prominent cheekbones, plus receding canines.
The same pattern emerged when Weston unearthed facial data on other primates. Wherever males had broader faces, their canines were closer in size to those of females. The opposite was true in males with more elongated faces.
"At one end of the spectrum were humans and chimps, where mate choice may have been more important," says Weston. "At the other end where you had baboons and gorillas, competition between males may have been more important."
Weston, adds she has further, unpublished data on human faces which supports her conclusions.
Journal reference: Biology Letters(DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2004.0203)
If you would like to reuse any content from New Scientist, either in print or online, please contact the syndication department first for permission. New Scientist does not own rights to photos, but there are a variety of licensing options available for use of articles and graphics we own the copyright to.
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Movie theaters and popcorn go together like--well, movie theaters and popcorn. The flickering silver screen and America's favorite concession have been inextricably linked for the better part of the century. The smell of popcorn evokes memories of sticky theater floors and booming surround sound. But how did it come to be that way?
You probably know that popcorn and candy and other food is what keeps movie theaters afloat; they make as much as 85 percent profit on concession sales, and those sales account for nearly 50 percent of theaters' total profits. The history of profitable popping corn dates all the way back to the 1930s, but before that, popcorn and movie theaters didn't actually go hand-in-hand. In fact, according to the book Popped Culture: A Social History of Popcorn in America, movie theaters originally turned up their noses at the idea of the snack.
Popcorn first came into popularity in the mid-1800s, and the classic image of the mobile popcorn cart has been around nearly as long--the first steam-powered popcorn maker was invented in 1885. But theaters weren't having any of it. Smithsonian Mag, who interviewed Popped Culture's author, writes " 'Movie theaters wanted nothing to do with popcorn,' Smith says, 'because they were trying to duplicate what was done in real theaters. They had beautiful carpets and rugs and didn’t want popcorn being ground into it.' Movie theaters were trying to appeal to a highbrow clientele, and didn’t want to deal with the distracting trash of concessions–or the distracting noise that snacking during a film would create."
Movie theaters wanted to be just like the theatre, which meant no low-brow snacks. But then everything changed. The movies added sound.
"When films added sound in 1927, the movie theater industry opened itself up to a much wider clientele, since literacy was no longer required to attend films (the titles used early silent films restricted their audience). By 1930, attendance to movie theaters had reached 90 million per week. Such a huge patronage created larger possibilities for profits–especially since the sound pictures now muffled snacks–but movie theater owners were still hesitant to bring snacks inside of their theaters."
At first, popcorn was often sold in stands outside the theaters. But when the Great Depression hit, movie theaters started selling popcorn themselves, and the huge profits on popcorn kept them alive through the rough economy. The theaters that didn't sell popcorn mostly shut down. And ever since, popcorn and the movies have had a symbiotic relationship. Of course, there's a lot more to the history of popcorn--read Smithsonian Mag's full interview with Popped Culture author Andrew Smith for more.
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The brain is part of the body’s nervous system. Your child’s ability to think, learn, speak, feel emotion, and reason are all controlled by the brain. The brain also controls basic body functions such as movement, sensation, breathing, and heartbeat. A brain tumor can affect your child’s brain function and threaten his or her overall health. Any changes in personality or behavior should be brought to the attention of your child's healthcare provider. For younger children, any loss of developmental milestones, such as crawling, standing, or walking, will need to be addressed.
If your child is found to have a brain injury, your child’s healthcare provider will help you understand the specific type of brain tumor your child has and tell you more about treatment options for your child.
A brain tumor is a mass of abnormal cells in the brain. It can have the following characteristics:
A tumor can be primary (started in the brain). Or, a tumor can be metastatic (a cancer that traveled to the brain from another part of the body). In children, primary tumors are much more common than metastatic tumors.
A tumor can be benign or malignant. Most benign tumors are made up of slow-growing cells that rarely spread. The cells are not likely to be cancerous. Most malignant tumors are made up of fast-growing cells that invade surrounding tissue. The cells are more likely to be cancerous. Both benign and malignant tumors can be life threatening and can require intensive treatment.
Brain tumors can occur randomly in children of all ethnicities and ages. Children with certain genetic conditions, such as neurofibromatosis, are more likely to develop tumors than others. Radiation to the head (such as treatment for another cancer) can also cause brain tumors.
A brain tumor can affect each child differently. Common symptoms of a brain tumor include:
Loss of balance
Seizures or convulsions
Problems with vision, speech, concentration, balance, coordination, or movement
Nausea or vomiting
Paralysis, weakness, or numbness in one part or side of the body
Changes in personality or behavior
Rapid increase in head size in infants
Your child will likely see a pediatric neurologist or a pediatric neurosurgeon for diagnosis and treatment. These are doctors who specialize in neurologic problems. In addition, other specialists and healthcare providers may be involved in your child’s care.
To confirm the diagnosis of a tumor, the doctor does an evaluation. This includes taking a detailed health history. You’ll be asked to describe your child’s symptoms and any health problems. The following tests may also be done:
Neurologic exam to check how well your child’s nervous system is working. During the exam, the doctor checks your child’s muscle strength, balance, coordination, and reflexes. He or she may also check skills such as thinking and memory, vision, hearing, and talking.
MRI or CT scan to provide detailed pictures of the brain. These help the doctor determine tumor size and location. With either test, fluid called contrast dye may be injected into a vein beforehand to make a tumor easier to see.
Stereotactic biopsy to learn more about the tumor type and whether it is benign or malignant. During this procedure, a small sample of tumor tissue is taken for lab testing. The tumor is analyzed and given a grade. The grade is based on how abnormal the tumor cells look. It gives an idea of how fast new tumor cells are forming and how quickly they are spreading into surrounding tissue.
Cerebrospinal fluid exam (also called a lumbar puncture or spinal tap) to help determine whether the tumor has spread.
PET scan (positron emission tomography scan) a procedure that uses a radioactive glucose solution to find malignant tumor cells. The scanner rotates around the body and looks for the areas that take up sugar. Tumors take up more sugar and look brighter on the scan.
Treatment for a brain tumor varies for every child. Each treatment also carries possible risks and complications. Your child’s doctor will discuss specific treatments with you. Possible treatments include:
Surgery to remove a tumor to the extent possible.
Chemotherapy to treat tumor cells with medications. One medication or a combination may be given. The medications can be taken orally (by mouth) or by IV (injection into a blood vessel). In some cases, they can be injected directly into the fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord. Chemotherapy is often used along with other treatments. It is given in cycles to allow the body to rest and build new healthy cells between treatments.
Radiation to destroy tumor cells with X-ray beams. There are two types of radiation: focused and whole brain. With focused radiation, X-ray beams are aimed at the tumor and the area around it. With whole-brain radiation, X-ray beams are used on the entire brain. This method is more commonly used to treat multiple tumors. In addition to traditional radiation, stereotactic radiosurgery may also be used. It involves directing several high doses of radiation to a specific area in the brain from different angles with the aid of specialized equipment.
Many children will get more than one type of treatment.
The outcome of your child’s condition depends on many factors such as age, overall health, and the tumor type, size, and location. Some long-term concerns may be related to the extent of radiation therapy and whether it is localized or includes the whole brain and spinal cord. In recent years, more and more childhood brain tumors have become treatable. Your child’s doctor will work closely with you to make sure your child get the best care.
If your child has been diagnosed with a brain tumor, know that your family doesn’t have to go through this alone. A positive outlook helps while supporting your child. Consider counseling, which can help you and your child deal with any fears and concerns. And seek help and comfort from your friends, community resources, and support groups. The more you learn about your child’s condition and its treatments, the more in control you may feel. For more information about brain tumors, contact the following organizations:
Pediatric Brain Tumor Foundation, www.curethekids.org
American Cancer Society, www.cancer.org
Children’s Oncology Group (COG), www.childrensoncologygroup.org
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Welcome to today’s video: File Organization for Teachers! This video was the most requested topic from all those who voted in the poll on our facebook fan page from last week. I explain how I keep track of all my files, and never miss an opportunity to teach that great lesson because I couldn’t locate it in time. Supplies needed will include file folders, hanging files, labels, and filing cabinet, file crate, or jump drive.
After finishing the video I thought of a couple more points I wanted to add (I am always so concerned with going over the 10 minute YouTube time limit.)
1. If you have websites, SmartBoard files, or other electronic resources you want to be included in a certain chapter or unit file, just print off a quick copy of one of the pages or grab a quick screen shot to add to the file so that it is not forgotten in your saved favorites file on your computer or on a jump drive.
2. After thinking about how much paper will be used in these files, and knowing there are some teachers out there who are trying to cut back on paper consumption, another option would be to scan or take a picture of the same things you would have placed into the hard copy of the file. Then, save your items into separate folders labeled the same way they would be labeled in the filing cabinet, but save them on a jump drive instead. For those with limited space, this would be a perfect solution. You may even want to check out LiveBinders. Or use a sqworl or Pinterest to save them all in one place as well!
3. As you find new ideas, even if you have already covered that topic, add them to the file for next year. All you are doing is compiling lots of ideas. It does not mean you need to teach everything within your file. It is nice to change it up from year to year and try new (and old) ideas. Your file will never go out of style!
If you decide to use old-fashioned file folders and labels, but do not know how to create labels on a computer, make sure to check out these two posts to see it in action!
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Printable Dinosaur Coloring Book For Word
Whether the child is learning in school or is being homeschooled, he/she will always be fascinated about different kinds of animals and creatures, such as dinosaurs. Dinosaurs catch children’s attention because they are big, strange, and mysterious. If you are a parent or a teacher who wants to teach children about dinosaurs and how they lived a long time ago, then you can benefit from fun teaching aids.
The Printable Dinosaur Coloring Book for Word is a great tool that can help you teach about dinosaurs while letting children still have fun in the process. Because it is a coloring book with a dinosaur theme, you can encourage children to make their imagination and creativity take the lead as they learn about dinosaurs.
Free Coloring Book
This free coloring book features 6 pages that can all be colored in. It contains different kinds of dinosaurs as well as landscapes. Children can also have the freedom to color their dinosaurs whatever color they like. Furthermore, they can also make up their own stories.
For you, there is enough space to insert text boxes to type stories or descriptions, as you can also use this as a story book about dinosaurs. With descriptions, this template can be very helpful especially in the education setting, as you can easily tell students facts about dinosaurs using this dinosaur coloring book.
Teach About Dinosaurs in a Fun Way
This coloring book template is not only fun, but also educational. Best of all, you can upload this to your OneDrive account so you can access it online, whenever you need a handy coloring book template for your child, students, younger brothers or sisters, or if you yourself want a coloring book to pass the time. With OneDrive, it is easy for you to share and store Office templates such as this printable dinosaur coloring book for Word.
This printable dinosaur coloring book is also free, so you can print as many copies as you want.
Go to Download Printable Dinosaur Coloring Book Template for Word
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When it comes to managing type 2 diabetes, I believe that the quality of the food that you eat matters as much if not more than the quantity.
Although most people with type 2 diabetes are overweight or obese, many are not. That means simply reducing the number of calories will not be enough to manage your diabetes and also promote good health.
There are only three categories of foods: carbohydrates ("carbs"), fats, and proteins. Every food is made up of some combination of just those three macronutrients. There are also vitamins, minerals, and phytochemicals, which are also important for vital functions, but they are not foods — they do not provide energy. Carbohydrates, fats, and proteins are all necessary for the body to function properly. Any diet that tells you to totally avoid one of these three macronutrients cannot be healthy.
Here is what you need to eat to manage your type 2 diabetes. You may notice that what I recommend is very similar to the popular Mediterranean style diet.
Contrary what you may have read, carbohydrates are actually good for people with type 2 diabetes — healthy carbohydrates, that is. These healthy or elite carbs not only help promote weight loss, they can also help lower the risk of heart disease and help you manage your diabetes. High-quality carbohydrates — the elite Carbs — are fruits, vegetables, legumes, and whole grains, all of which provide abundant amounts of vitamins, minerals, phytochemicals, and fiber, with little or no fat. What was called roughage in the past is known as fiber now, and it may be a patient with type 2 diabetes' best diet secret. Fiber , which occurs naturally only in plant-based foods, lowers your insulin response to food, helps lower your blood sugar, causes you to feel full sooner, and helps with your colon health as well.
Nuts are included, but only a handful a day. Nuts are chock full of fiber, healthy fat and protein and have been shown to improve insulin's function. Unfortunately they are full of calories so they need to be limited somewhat. Almonds and walnuts are especially good.
Our bodies need certain high-quality fats to maintain the structure of cell membranes, regulate blood pressure, maintain the immune system, and other important functions.
Monounsaturated fats, found primarily in olive oil and canola oil, are among the healthiest fats. Monounsaturated fats seem to help reduce insulin resistance, making it especially valuable for managing type 2 diabetes. It also improves blood flow through the arteries, a sign that it may help fight atherosclerosis.
Polyunsaturated fats in the form of Omega-3 fatty acids are also important. Omega-3 fatty acids, the most beneficial of the fats, are found in many kinds of fish, shellfish, canola oil, soybeans, wheat germ, flaxseed, and walnuts. It is thought that they may help prevent heart attack, hypertension, and some forms of cancer, including breast cancer.
Trans fatty acids commonly found in margarine, cookies, and pastries are a man-made invention and are just plain dangerous. Look for the tell-tale signs of trans fatty acids in the package ingredients such as "partially hydrogenated oils" which is the fancy word for fats that have been chemically altered. And even foods marked "0" trans fats may have some partially hydrogenated oils which could be harmful if you ate many serving sizes.
Proteins provide the building blocks that allow us to repair damage in our bodies, build a strong immune system, make hormones and blood cells, develop muscle, and generally stay healthy. Protein is found in a wide variety of foods, including eggs, meat, poultry, fish, dairy products, whole grains, beans, and nuts. The best proteins, I call "elite proteins" are those that provide little or no saturated fat. These include plant sources of protein such as soybean products, kidney beans, chickpeas (garbanzo beans), pinto beans, rolled oats, lentils, nuts, egg whites, and whole wheat.
In addition to the quality of the food that you eat, if weight loss is also a goal, think quantity of food too. To lose inches around your waist and pounds on the scale faster, apply what I call the 25 percent solution. That means reduce your daily number of calories by no more than 25 percent. Research has shown that if you reduce calories much more, you will simply lower your metabolism and regain the weight faster when you suddenly stop restricting calories. Cutting back more will take weight off faster, but you'll just put it back on relatively quickly.
Here is a quick and easy summary of my diet and lifestyle tips to manage your diabetes. I call it "Dr. Marie's four F's" to managing type 2 Diabetes.
1. Food. High fiber, unprocessed, plant-based choices are chock full of antioxidants and phytochemicals and they slow down the dangerous glycemic or insulin response to sugar/sweets/white flour foods.
2. Fat. Healthy Omega 3's are plentiful in grass-fed animals, cold water fish, flax seed, and nuts. They boost your brain, heart health, reduce inflammation and help just about every cell in your body. Olive oil and canola oil are healthy too.
3. Fitness. Exercise and get at least seven hours of sleep for your body and spirit. You'll shrink your waist size, improve your blood sugar and banish stress all at the same time.
4. Fluids. Lots of water is great. Coffee in moderation is OK as well as one drink of alcohol a day. Freshly squeezed fruit juice is good, but be wary of sugar filled juice "drinks." Avoid sodas, preferably both those with sugar and those with artificial sweeteners. Both kinds promote weight and waist gain.
Think small. Sometimes even minor changes can have unexpectedly powerful results. Focus on the small changes that will make the biggest difference in your life. The people in a large diabetes prevention research study who cut their risk of diabetes in half by following diet and exercise recommendations lost an average of only two inches off their waists which translated to only about 5-7 percent of their body weight.
Eat breakfast every day. Many people who are trying to lose weight skip breakfast. They feel that it is easier just to run straight to work or get on with the tasks of the day than it is to think about a healthy breakfast. Plus, there's that myth that if you only eat two meals a day, you will eat one-third fewer calories, so you'll have to lose weight.
Studies have shown that people who eat breakfast are about half as likely to be obese than people who don't eat breakfast. Additional bonus: eating breakfast seems to help reduce insulin resistance, which means better managing your type 2 diabetes.
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Now that school is out, many families are heading outdoors for recreation and activities. Whether in the water or hills, the ballfield or backyard, precautionary measures should be taken so kids and all family members are safe from sun, insects and injuries. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has a portion of their website dedicated to family health. A summary of their tips for family summer safety are included below. For additional information, click here.
Tip 1. Master water safety. Swimming in the pool and playing in the sprinklers are favorite summer activities. However, drowning is the leading cause of death among children ages 1 to 4. Water safety tips from CDC include:
- Always supervise children in or around water. A responsible adult should constantly watch young children.
- Teach kids to swim. Formal swimming lessons can protect young children from drowning.
- Learn CPR. Knowing this skill can be critical in a time of need.
- Install a four-sided fence around home pools.
- When boating, always wear a properly fitted life jacket.
Tip 2. Beat the heat and sun. Overheating and sunstroke can occur in healthy children, youth and adults if they participate in strenuous activities during hot weather. If someone shows signs of heat exhaustion or heat stroke, move him or her to a cool location and seek medical help. A list of specific signs is included on the CDC website. To avoid over-heating:
- Never leave infants, children or pets in a parked car, even if the windows are cracked open.
- Dress infants and children in loose, lightweight, light-colored clothing.
- Schedule outdoor activities in the morning and evening hours.
- Keep cool with cool showers or baths.
Also, just a few serious sunburns can lead to skin cancer in the years ahead. Tanning is the skin’s way of trying to protect itself from harmful UV rays from the sun. To prevent sunburn:
- Cover up. Clothing that covers the skin helps protect against UV rays.
- Use sunscreen with at least SPF (sun protection factor) 15 and UVA (ultraviolet A) and UVB (ultraviolet B) protection every time you and your child go outside.
Tip 3: Keep ticks and mosquitos from causing harm. Protect yourself and your family from bites and diseases. Zika, West Nile Virus and Lyme disease can all be transmitted by insects. To help with protection:
- Use an effective insect repellent. Products containing DEET, picaridin, IR3535 as well as some natural oils provide long-lasting protection.
- Some pesticides (acaricides) can reduce the number of ticks, but these should not be relied on for providing full protection.
- Check yourself and your children for ticks after being outdoors, especially if you have been camping or hiking. Instructions for effectively removing ticks are available on the CDC website.
Tip 4:Prevent injuries. Nearly everyone is more active and spends more time outdoors this time of year. Falls at home and on the playground are common sources of injuries and visits to the emergency room. To avoid injury:
- Make certain playgrounds are well maintained and have soft landing spots underneath.
- When participating in summer sports, be sure appropriate protective gear is used.
- Parents and teens should be able to perform basic first aid.
Enjoy fun in the sun, but remember to make safety a top priority so that summer is
incident and accident free.
By: Kathleen Riggs, Utah State University Extension family and consumer sciences professor, [email protected] or 435-586-8132
Ten Tips for Healthy Holiday Eating
The average American will consume about 4,500 calories on Thanksgiving Day when the pre-meal party, the actual dinner and dessert, then evening leftovers are all taken into account. That is enough to gain a pound or two, which can be remedied, but how many more days like this will there be?Read More
Ask an Expert: Nine Tips for Fostering Gratitude - During the Holidays and Beyond
What did you get for Christmas? This question is common for young and old alike. While it may be a way of showing genuine interest and sharing in the holiday excitement, it's important to make sure gratitude for gifts and kindness is part of Christmas day and beyond.Read More
Ask an Expert - Eight Tips for Salvaging Carpets and Clothes after a Flood
With heavy snowfall and recent warm temperatures, many Utahns have experienced flooding in their homes. Flood or drain backup water may contain sewage and unknown chemicals that can contaminate carpet and present a health hazard.Read More
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Definition - What does Modular PC mean?
A modular PC is a computer that is designed to take full advantage of update opportunities and decrease costs by using standardized hardware components in its design. The components are interconnected, but can be separated and removed for repair and improvement. Amounts of e-waste have decreased tremendously with the introduction of modular PCs because individual components can be replaced rather than replacing the whole system.
Modular PCs are also known as modular computers.
Techopedia explains Modular PC
As the name suggests, a modular PC is a computer that has individually-housed components or modules. The concept of a modular PC was introduced in 2001 when newer versions of both hardware and software were being released and systems were updating at rapid pace. The costs of hardware made it difficult for normal users to keep pace with the evolving technology.
The modular PC was presented as a solution in which personal computers were to be designed such that the components can be removed and assembled so it would be easy to update certain modules instead of the whole computer. Modular computers are environmentally friendly as they cut the creation of e-waste.
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Anxious people feel stressed when facing situations like taking a test, going for a job interview, or getting married. When a person is anxious, and under stress, he undergoes shaking and trembling, faster heartbeat, palpitations, etc. As a result, some people become preoccupied with fear and worry. These symptoms of anxiety continuity lead the victims to anxiety disorder.
Anxiety can manifest in the form of panic disorder, phobia, or obsessive-compulsive disorder. If a chronic anxiety disorder is not treated timely, it may jeopardize an individual’s physical, mental, and emotional health.
It results in the risk of alcohol/ drug abuse and family problems and becomes a significant cause of depression, and in some cases, the chance of suicide increases.
What is Generalized Anxiety Disorder GAD?
People suffering from GAD worry uncontrollably about common occurrences and situations. It is different from normal feelings of anxiousness.
For example, you may feel for your finances once a month, but a person with GAD may worry several times in a day about his finances.
Sometimes they are unable to explain why they are worried. This unrealistic feeling of worry can interfere with relationships and daily activities.
What Is Phobic Disorder?
Unlike generalized anxiety disorder, a phobia is an excessive and irrational fear reaction usually connected to something specific. When a person encounters the source of his fear, he may feel a deep sense of dread.
People’s fear can interfere with work, school, and personal relationships. These people often realize that their fear is irrational, but they cannot do anything about it without any psychological intervention.
Difference between GAD and Phobic Disorder
There are differences between these two types of anxiety disorders.
Symptoms of Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Phobic Disorder Difference
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
- Difficulty in concentration doing any task
- Restless sleep
- Feeling of irritability
- Often feel exhausted
- Tension in muscles of back and neck
- Diarrhea and Stomachaches
- Palms often get sweat
- Fast heartbeat
- Neurological symptoms, such as a feeling of numbness in different parts of the body
The most common and disabling features of a panic attack include:
- Racing or pounding heart
- Shortness of breath or chest congestion
- Pressured speech or inability to speak
- Nausea tic
- Overwhelmed with a feeling of anxiety
- Intense feeling to get escape from the particular situation
Causes and Risk Factors
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
- A generalized anxiety disorder may have the following causes and risk factors:
- There may be a family history of anxiety
- Prolonged family illness or stressful personal incident
- Excessive use of caffeine or drugs
- Childhood abuse or sexual abuse
- Gender plays a vital role in the prevalence of generalized anxiety disorder. According to research, women are twice likely as men to experience GAD.
There are several causes and risk factors for the phobic disorder
- Genetic and environmental factors
- Family history
- Distressing events
- Exposure to high or confined places, any accident, or animal or insect bite
- People with chronic illness
- Traumatic brain injury or substance abuse
- People with a phobia can pass the reality test
- Gender, age, and socioeconomic status seem to be a risk factor
- Women are more likely to develop an animal phobia, while children and people with low socioeconomic status may have social phobia
Treatment for phobias and generalized anxiety disorder can involve therapeutic techniques, medications, and changes in lifestyle, like adding a morning walk or a combination of these.
What Are The Treatment Options For Generalized Anxiety Disorder?
The following techniques are used to treat GAD;
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, CBT
It is considered a first-line treatment option for anxiety and has provided long-term anxiety relief. In this technique, a person with anxiety has to have regular meetings to talk with a mental health professional. The goal of these therapy sessions is to recognize and change your thinking and behavior.
A therapist helps to learn techniques to calm you when upsetting thoughts arise.
CAUTION: Anxiety medication information is solely for informational purposes. We strongly recommend consulting a Doctor, Psychiatrist, or Psychologist. Using any medication without a prescription can harm mental and physical health.
A doctor recommends two types of medication plans. One is short-term, and the other is long-term
In short-term medication, the doctor recommends medications to relax some of the physical signs or symptoms of anxiety. Common anti-anxiety medicines are:
- Alprazolam (Xanax)
- Clonazepam (Klonopin)
- Lorazepam (Ativan)
Anti-anxiety drugs have a high risk of dependence and abuse. So these drugs are not meant to be taken for extended periods.
Whereas anti-depressants work well for long-term treatment, such as
- Buspirone (Buspar)
- Citalopram (Celexa)
- Escitalopram (Lexapro)
- Fluoxetine (Prozac, Prozac Weekly, Sarafem)
- Fluvoxamine (Luvox, Luvox CR)
- Paroxetine (Paxil, Paxil CR, Pexeva)
- Sertraline (Zoloft)
- Venlafaxine (Effexor XR)
- Desvenlafaxine (Pristiq)
- Duloxetine (Cymbalta)
Anti-depressants have side effects, such as dry mouth, nausea, diarrhea, or increased suicidal thoughts. So it is imperative to stay in close contact with your prescriber and report any mood or thought changes that worry you.
Work On Lifestyle to Ease Symptoms of GAD
- By changing and adopting new lifestyle habits, one can ease troublesome physical symptoms of anxiety.
- A proper healthy diet and proper sleep are a must for a healthy life
- Yoga and meditation calm muscles and relax the body
- Avoid intake of stimulants; such as caffeine or over-the-counter medicines
- Talk with your family and trusted friends about your issues
What Are The Treatment Options For Phobic Disorder?
There are two treatment options for the phobic disorder
- Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
It is the most used psychological intervention to treat phobias. It involves systematic desensitization. In this technique, the therapist exposes the source of the fear to the person in a controlled setting.
Now, the Virtual Reality Technique is also used in this therapy. This therapy aims to change negative thoughts, beliefs, and adverse reactions to phobic situations.
Doctors recommend medicine to calm the emotional and physical reactions of fear. For this purpose, they recommend anti-depressants and anti-anxiety medicines.
Often a combination of these two techniques is the most helpful.
If you think that you or your loved ones are suffering from a specific phobia or GAD, seek mental health professionals’ help to receive a proper diagnosis and support.
Hi, my name is Eva. I am currently practicing as a clinical social worker, that being my childhood desire. As a licensed therapist holding MPhil in Clinical Psychology, I am now on biomadam to provide the natives with the best family advice! Do you have any questions? See you in the comment section.
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In India, the festival of Baisakhi is a very important day for all the Sikhs. The day is also known as Vaisakhi or Vaishakhi and marks the new year in Sikhism. Every year this day generally falls on the 13th or 14th of April, and this year in 2017, Baisakhi is being celebrated on the 13th of April, which is a Thursday. It also stands important since on this day, the KhalsaPanth of Warriors was formed in the year 1699, under Guru Gobind Singh, who was the 10th Sikh Guru in Sikhism. The day is also very prominent for the Sikhs other than being their new year, as on this day, it marks the spring harvest season in Punjab.
Other than Sikhism, Baisakhi is also a widely celebrated day in Hindu culture, since it marks the solar new year, also marking the spring harvest season, and as per Hindu culture, the day also signifies the sacredness of all the prominent rivers in Hinduism, spread all across the country.
On the other hand, for Sikhs, the day of Baisakhi holds a lot of significance in multiple ways, both good and bad. Other than the aspects of Sikh New Year and spring harvest season, the date of Baisakhi marks the execution of Sikh Guru Tegh Bahadur, under the reign and orders of Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb, since Guru Tegh Bahadur had refused to convert to Islam. Hence, the date also marked the birth of Sikh order, since on this very day the coronation of the 10th Sikh Guru, that is Guru Gobind Singh took place, marking the beginning of the KhalsaPanth of Warriors.
The date of Baisakhi also marks the tragic Jallianwala Bagh Massacre, wherein many Sikhs were brutally killed by the British colonial rulers in the year 1919, and thus the day became a massive mark in India’s movement to fight against the colonial rule for independence. On the day of Baisakhi, the gurudwaras are decorated beautifully and many kirtans are held. Sikhs visit gurudwaras before taking a holy dip in the rivers, and then participate in the kirtan followed by enjoying meeting friends at gathering, sharing foods and also offering their prayers to their gurus.
Hindus too celebrate Baisakhi by taking a holy dip in the sacred rivers, like the Ganges, the Jhelum, or the Kaveri and then visit temples to offer their prayers. Baisakhi in Hinduism is known by different names and sometimes celebrated differently as well.
Featured Image Source: zeenews.india.com
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Saskatoon landfill gas facility operational
A landfill-gas-to-energy plant at the Saskatoon city landfill is now sending electricity to the grid, enough to power roughly 1,300 homes.
Work on the project has been ongoing for the past couple of years. Landfill capping, which involves the clay covering of a section of the landfill to prevent methane from being released into the atmosphere, occurred in 2012. After capping, 29 vertical wells were drilled, the deepest of which is 101 feet. A four-pipeline network—13,800 feet of underground piping—was installed in 2013, which collects and transports the gas to the power generation facility.
After the gas collection facility was in place in November, the plant began capturing and flaring gas, according to Kevin Hudson, Saskatoon Power metering and sustainable electricity manager. “We started generating power in late March of this year,” he said.
The plant’s electric capacity is 1.63 MW, according to Hudson, which is produced via two 815-kilowatt Caterpillar engine generators. The generators each consume approximately 6.8 standard cubic meters (240 standard cubic feet) of gas per minute.
The Canadian government and Saskatoon provided joint funding of $15 million to cover the total costs of the project, built and owned by the city. The sale of electricity to SaskPower through a 20-year power purchase agreement will generate approximately $1.3 million in annual revenue for Saskatoon, which estimates a nine-year payback. After that, the city plans to use revenue to implement additional green power generation projects.
An additional project is underway at the landfill, adjacent to the LFG plant, Hudson confirmed. Dubbed the “Turboexpander project,” it will utilize waste heat from the engines, essentially categorizing the project as a combined-heat-and-power plant.
The city reported the landfill gas plant is the first power generation facility to be built and owned by Saskatoon in over 100 years.
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This exhibit of a Spiro Mound, made by Lazar Middle School seventh graders, highlighted artifacts and treasures that Caddoan Indians kept inside mounds. The project was made as part of the Civilizations of the Americas Museum project in World History. Credits: Sue Marinello
This clay model was one exhibit in the Civilizations of the Americas Museum at Lazar Middle School. The model, built by seventh grade World History students, explored the worshipping rituals of the Aztec civilization. Credits: Sue Marinello
Power Point presentations and interactive signage allowed students to participate and learn about a variety of topics concerning early civilizations of the Americas. This colorful presentation was part of the Civilizations of the Americas Museum project at Lazar Middle School. Credits: Sue Marinello
World History teacher, Caitlin Cardinale, created an active and differentiated learning project for her seventh grade students. The first-year teacher at Lazar Middle School was inspired to design the Civilizations of the Americas Museum project because she wanted to fully engage the students in their own learning process. Credits: Sue Marinello
Museum Format Inspires Lazar Middle School World History Students to Become Curators and Artists
Sunday, April 13, 2014 • 4:00pm
MONTVILLE, NJ – World History teacher, Caitlin Cardinale, wanted her students to become experts, directors and project managers. She also wanted them to have fun and be inspired to explore deeply and retain knowledge. So, the first-year teacher turned her Lazar Middle School classroom into the Civilizations of the Americas Museum for a day.
Cardinale’s seventh-graders embraced the idea of being artists, educators, and curators. Working in teams and as individuals, Cardinale’s students fashioned art and artifacts, produced interactive and educational kiosks and prepared signage and lectures to establish a museum specializing in the early civilizations of the Americas.
Models of pyramids, temples, Spiro mounds, tools, hunting items and calendars, supported by signage and Power Point presentations, allowed visitors to the museum to explore the rituals, entertainment, agriculture, daily life, time management, warfare and community of the Incas, Iroquois, Aztecs, Mayans and others.
“I am really proud of them,” Cardinale said. “I was surprised when I saw how elaborate the projects were. The students really studied the cultures and created great displays.”
Each period, students served two functions in the museum. First, half of the class were curators and directors, and half were patrons. Curators and directors presented information and explained exhibits. Patrons listened, interacted and asked questions. Then, students switched roles. Other classes, teachers and guests also visited the Civilizations of the Americas Museum throughout the day.
Students were surprised by some of what they learned, and fascinated by other aspects. In researching and building the models, students were able to draw on individual strengths to create informative and educational team projects.
Cardinale’s museum project encouraged active and differentiated learning for her students. Her innovative initiative is an example of Montville Township Public Schools’ commitment to encourage passionate learners by creating an on-going atmosphere of student engagement.
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Infants and toddlers experience rapid brain development that sets the foundation for later academic and life-long success. Thinking & Thriving: Interactions for Early Learning empowers teachers and caregivers to use small, yet meaningful interactions to support the critical development of infants and toddlers.
This half-day, virtually facilitated training gives teachers and caregivers the opportunity to:
Teachers and caregivers of infants and toddlers spend the day engaging in daily routines. Learning for these young children isn’t a separate time of day, but instead should be embedded within the numerous daily routines.
Participants in Thinking & Thriving: Interactions for Early Learning will:
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Jump to:Page Content
Susan Greenhalgh, , Professor of Anthropology, Harvard
Since the introduction of the 1-child policy in 1980, the gender gap among Chinese infants has soared, leaving China with a huge surplus of boys and deficit of girls. Today, as the first generation of singletons begins to marry in large numbers, 10 percent of men – mostly rural, ill-educated peasants – will not be able to find brides. How has the PRC regime sought to address these problems? What framings and measures has it used, and with what effect? In this talk, anthropologist Greenhalgh argues that state policy on the gender gap has been heavily biased in favor of rural women, with the result that older rural men, dubbed "bare sticks," now face social marginalization, political exclusion from the category of deserving citizens, and the prospect of reproductive extinction. In Chinese population politics, the woman question has become a serious man question, to the benefit of none.
Lunch will be provided. An RSVP is not required as this is an open event.
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Because anxiety accompanies so many medical conditions, some serious, it is extremely important for the doctor to uncover any medical problems or medications that might underlie or be masked by an anxiety attack. The doctor will perform a physical examination and ask about the patient’s medical and personal history.
The patient should describe any occurrence of anxiety disorders or depression in the family and mention any other contributing factors, such as excessive caffeine use, recent life changes, or stressful events.
It is very important to be honest with your doctor about all conditions, including excessive drinking, substance abuse, or other psychological or mood states that might contribute to, or result from, the anxiety disorder.
Diagnosing children with an anxiety disorder can be very difficult, since anxiety often results in disruptive behaviors that overlap with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder or oppositional disorder. Other conditions with symptoms similar to anxiety disorders include pervasive developmental disorders such as Asperger syndrome, learning disabilities, bipolar disorder, and depression. Many children have anxiety disorder and a co-occurring condition, which should be treated along with anxiety.
Other Conditions with Similar Symptoms
People with anxiety disorders are more likely to see a family doctor before a mental health specialist, since their symptoms are often physical. Symptoms can include muscle tension, trembling, twitching, aching, soreness, cold and clammy hands, dry mouth, sweating, nausea or diarrhea, or urinary frequency. Anxiety attacks can mimic or accompany nearly every acute disorder of the heart or lungs, including heart attacks and angina (chest pain). In fact, nearly all individuals with panic disorders are convinced that their symptoms are physical and possibly life-threatening.
Heart Problems. Some patients who enter the emergency room with chest pain, and who have a low-to-moderate risk for a heart attack, are actually suffering from panic attacks. It is often difficult even for specialists to distinguish between heart conditions and a panic attack:
- Women who are having an actual heart attack or acute heart problem are much more likely to be misdiagnosed as having an anxiety attack than are men with similar symptoms.
- Mitral valve prolapse, a common and usually mild heart problem, may have symptoms that are nearly identical to those of panic disorder. The two conditions, in fact, frequently occur together.
Review Date: 01/27/2011
Reviewed By: Harvey Simon, MD, Editor-in-Chief, Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Physician, Massachusetts General Hospital. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.
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[par-uh-suh n] /ˈpær ə sən/
a partially shaped mass of molten glass.
a hollow tube of plastic to be formed into a hollow object, as a bottle, by blow molding.
an unshaped mass of glass before it is moulded into its final form
/ˌpærɪsɪˈlæbɪk/ adjective 1. (of a noun or verb, in inflected languages) containing the same number of syllables in all or almost all inflected forms Compare imparisyllabic
[par-i-tee] /ˈpær ɪ ti/ noun 1. equality, as in amount, status, or character. 2. equivalence; correspondence; similarity; analogy. 3. Finance. 4. Physics. 5. a system of regulating prices of farm commodities, usually by government price supports, to provide farmers with the same purchasing power they had in a selected base period. 6. Computers. the condition […]
noun, Computers. 1. a method for detecting errors in data communications or within a computer system by counting the number of ones or zeros per byte or per word, including a special check bit (parity bit) to see if the value is even or odd. noun 1. a check made of computer data to ensure […]
- Parity conjugation
parity conjugation An operation, denoted P in the mathematics of quantum mechanics, in which the sign of each dimension of the coordinate system is reversed. See more at parity.
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In recognition of National Autism Awareness Month, iStoryTime is pleased to announce that its Wee Sing & Learn ABC education app is now free to download for a limited time. Free on Apple devices, Wee Sing & Learn ABC is an entertaining and educational tool that combines original music, animated animals and musical instruments from A to Z, and read-along text to provide parents fun and creative ways to help their children learn the ABCs.
Santa Barbara, California – In recognition of National Autism Awareness Month, iStoryTime is pleased to announce that its Wee Sing & Learn ABC education app is now free to download for a limited time. Free on Apple devices, Wee Sing & Learn ABC is an entertaining and educational tool that combines original music, animated animals and musical instruments from A to Z, and read-along text to provide parents fun and creative ways to help their children learn the ABCs. The storybook is free through Sunday, April 29, 2012.
Wee Sing has sold over 60 million books, albums, and live-action videos over the past 30 years. A leader in preschool learning through music, Wee Sing is recognized as one of the world’s most beloved children’s brands.
Music educators Pam Beall and Susan Nipp, the creators of Wee Sing, understand that kids love to learn through music and repetition. “The interactive graphics, narration, and music in this app will enhance their language development, listening skills, and retention in such a fun way,” said Nipp. Beall adds, “The Wee Sing & Learn ABC app effectively teaches letters and language through the use of music along with charming animation and genuine sounds to explore.”
While children are learning letters and beginning reading, they are interacting with animals and instruments as well. The real sound of each animated animal is heard, the sounds having been gathered from animal recordings from around the world. And the real sound of each pictured instrument is heard, played on instruments that were collected from across the globe.
Wee Sing & Learn ABC’s features include:
* Read Along – Narrator reads and sings a song for each letter, the animal and instrument sounds are heard. Press additional buttons for more words that start with that letter
* ABC Song – Follow the letters of the ABC song set to narration and music
* Explore ABC – Explore the alphabet by pressing on the letters to hear them spoken aloud
* Play Along – Try to keep up with the ABC song by pressing the letters in rhythm with the instrumental accompaniment
* Explore Animals – See an animal and instrument associated with each letter of the alphabet and hear their sounds
* iPhone, iPod touch, and iPad
* Requires iOS 4.2 or later
* 132 MB
Pricing and Availability:
Wee Sing & Learn ABC 1.1 is available for free through Sunday, April 29, 2012 from the App Store on the iPad, iPhone or iPod touch.
Wee Sing & Learn ABC 1.1: http://www.istorytime.com/
Download From iTunes: http://itunes.apple.com/app/
App icon: http://www.istorytime.com/
zuuka publishes zuuka Comics, iTalk and iStoryTime – an interactive storytelling experience delivered to the convenience of your mobile device – which features a series of illustrated and narrated books created by parents for kids. iStoryTime books have been highlighted in the New York Times, LA Times, CBS Early Show, theiPhoneMom, CNET and is decorated with Publisher’s Innovation Award, PTPA Media’s Parent Tested Parent Approved Seal of Approval, the Children’s Technology Review’s Editor’s Choice Award and Reader’s Choice for Best Apps for Kids. With over 100 titles to choose from including favorites such as Kung Fu Panda, Shrek, How to Train Your Dragon, Peter Pan and Binky the Pink Elephant, iStoryTime books are an excellent tool for both educating and entertaining children ages two years and up. These storybooks can be enjoyed in several different modes ranging from automatic to manual, depending upon the development and preferences of the user. Copyright (C) 2012 zuuka. All
Rights Reserved. Apple, the Apple logo, iPhone, iPod and iPad are registered trademarks of Apple Inc. in the U.S. and/or other countries.
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What is Disc Golf?
Disc golf is played much like traditional golf. Instead of a ball and clubs, players use a flying disc, or 'Frisbee'. The sport was formalized in the 1970s, and shares with 'ball golf' the object of completing each hole in the fewest number of throws.
A golf disc is thrown from a tee to a target, which is the 'hole'. The hole can be one of a number of disc golf targets; the most common is called a Pole Hole, an elevated metal basket. As a player progresses down the fairway, he or she must make each consecutive shot from the spot where the previous throw landed. The trees, shrubs, and terrain changes located in and around the fairways provide challenging obstacles for the golfer. Finally, the 'putt' lands in the basket and the hole is accomplished.
Disc golf shares many of the same joys and challenges as traditional 'ball' golf, whether you're sinking a long putt or hitting a tree halfway down the fairway. However, there are a number of key differences. First, disc golf rarely requires greens fees or dictates that you rent a cart. With disc golf, you never get stuck with a bad 'tee time'. Disc golf is typically played in public parks and can be enjoyed by people of all ages, male and female, regardless of economic status.
Last Updated: 11/17/2009
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An audio cable carrying an unbalanced signal uses two wires: a signal and a ground. The signal wire, as the name suggests, carries the audio signal to where it needs to go. The ground wire acts as a reference point for the signal. However, the ground wire itself also acts like an antenna, picking up unwanted noise along the way. Because unbalanced cables can pick up noise as a signal is sent along the cable, they are more suitable for short distances, like connecting a guitar to a nearby amp. Doing so will minimize the risk for unwanted noise.
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turn a blind eye
turn a blind eye
Meaning | Synonyms
- deliberately overlook
- to intentionally ignore something
- ignoring the objectionable affair of someone or something
- to disregard someone/something and pretend to be unaware of it
- make an allowance
- bend the rules
- make an exception
- stretch a point
- As a police officer, you cannot turn a blind eye to any of the illegal activities around you.
- The principal decided to turn a blind eye to the student’s misconduct this time with a hope that they won’t do it again.
- I knew that my wife was cheating on my but I chose to turn a blind eye.
- If a girl turns a blind eye on your comments – it doesn’t mean that she started liking you.
- Whenever I ask my friend about her husband she turns blind eye on it.
- A gang of goons was beating an old man but instead of helping him everybody turned a blind eye.
The phrase that we use today is a shortened version of the original to turn the deaf ear and the blind eye. The first example of it being used can be found in “A Discourse of Walking by Faith” printed in 1698.
“to turn the deaf ear, and the blind eye to all those Pomps and Vanities of the world …”
The first appearance of the shortened phrase was published in 1832. It can be found in The New Sporting magazine.
“and it is equally easy for him to turn a blind eye to the trespasser by day, … “
The phrase may have been around for years, but it seems to have gained popularity when used by Vice Admiral Nelson in the Battle of Copenhagen in 1801. Admiral Horatio Nelson had been blinded in his right eye during the war with France. When signalled by his commanding officer that he should withdraw, he raised the telescope to his blind eye. Thus, he could not see the flags signalling the order. He is rumoured to have said, “I have only one eye, I have the right to be blind sometimes.”
Although he was definitely not the first to use it, he definitely made it famous.
Share your thoughts
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FROM THE EDITOR
Is Teaching an Art or a Science?
Open any middle or secondary teacher-education college textbook and you will often find the above question asked in one form or another in order to promote reflection by the new teacher candidates. I like to make use of the question at the beginning of training for each new cohort group of trade and industrial (T&I) teachers by employing a "value line" activity. I ask them to form an imaginary line with one end of the line being "art" and the other end "science." Students get out of their seats and, depending on their sense of the answer to the question, they stand at their chosen positions on the imaginary line. After everyone has selected a place on the line, lively discussion follows as students defend their choice. I refrain from offering an opinion, taking, instead, a facilitator role.
At the end of our cohort program, I ask the same question and our group repeats the activity. It's remarkable to hear the more thoughtful opinions and see fewer T&I teachers standing at either end of the line. Although the teachers are now versed in psychological and pedagogical principals that apply to learning, they have also come to recognize that few scientific rules apply hard and fast to every teaching situation they have encountered over the year. They have discovered that many of their decisions about teaching strategies, their responses to student misbehavior, or their selection of materials and assessment techniques, while benefiting from scientific research, often must take into consideration more subjective judgments.
As teacher educators and trainers we are deeply rooted in certain theoretical assumptions about our learners and their development. However, exciting new research findings continue to emerge about teaching and learning. We must never become complacent in our beliefs. It is through our commitment to research that we will continue to produce tomorrow's leaders in our respective fields. With that thought in mind, I invite you to read and assimilate the research presented in this fall issue.
In this Issue
This issue of the Journal of Industrial Teacher Education provides four research pieces all relating to teachers and trainers. First, George Rogers, Purdue University, investigated attitudes of middle and secondary technology education teachers toward infusing pre-engineering curriculum, and whether the teachers believed that infusing these activities contribute to their students achieving technological literacy. With a finding of positive teacher perceptions towards pre-engineering, Rogers points to the importance of the implementation process of new curriculum when working with technology education teachers.
In the second featured article Ernest W. Brewer, University of Tennessee Knoxville, and David N. Burgess focused on the college teacher and explored the ways a college teacher motivates students to continue attending classes. The research compared teacher attributes relating to teaching methods, personal qualities, and classroom management. The researchers found that a teacher's personal qualities comprised the largest "motivating" category, while the largest "unmotivating" category was teaching methods. The authors suggest ways that college teachers will be more likely to motivate students to attend class.
In their examination of the relationship between work ethic and the employment status, age, and gender of jobseekers, Roger B. Hill, University of Georgia, and Susan Fouts provide research that is applicable to occupational teachers and trainers. Results of their study indicated that jobseekers employed full-time had significantly lower work ethic scores than jobseekers unemployed less than three months and jobseekers unemployed due to layoff. The researchers suggest that all workforce preparation programs should include a comprehensive curriculum that contains a work ethic component.
Researchers from Georgia State University examined the extent to which trade and industrial teachers enrolled in an alternative certification program engaged in informal learning and their perceived proficiency in twenty-five core teaching skills. The results of this study suggest that new T&I teachers tend to learn core teaching competencies more often through formal than from informal methods. New perspectives are offered on the role of formal and informal learning in teacher certification programs.
Steve Rogers, Kokomo Area Career Center, and George Rogers, Purdue University, discuss the pre-engineering curriculum and its place in technology education programs in the "At Issue" section. The authors present the argument that a pre-engineering curriculum offers the rigor and relevance sometimes missing in traditional technology education programs.
This issue concludes with a review by Andrew J. M. Smith, Georgia State University, of J. M. Haile's book, The Way of the Teacher. Smith describes how this book's unusual format and thoughtful message stimulates teacher reflection and encourages teachers to strive for continual growth and improvement.
The end papers contain the Journal's "Bits and Pieces" section which includes information for submitting articles to the Journal and an application for becoming a member of NAITTE.JZB
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NIOSH alert: preventing injuries and deaths from skid-steer loaders (supersedes 98-117).
Morgantown, WV: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2011-128, 2010 Dec; :1-18
The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) requests assistance in preventing injuries and deaths among workers who operate, service, or work near skid-steer loaders. This type of loader is commonly used in agriculture, construction, and general industry for materials handling and excavating. NIOSH studies in the 1990s suggested that employers, supervisors, and workers may not fully appreciate the potential hazards associated with operating or working near skid-steer loaders and they may not follow safe work procedures for controlling these hazards. This Alert describes six deaths involving skid-steer loaders and recommends methods for preventing similar incidents.
Agricultural-machinery; Construction-equipment; Industrial-equipment; Excavation-equipment; Materials-handling-equipment; Materials-transport; Injuries; Traumatic-injuries; Mortality-data; Excavation-equipment; Injury-prevention; Occupational-accidents; Occupational-hazards; Accident-potential; Accident-prevention; Equipment-operators; Surveillance
Dr. Nancy A. Stout, Director, Division of Safety Research, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, WV 26505-2888
Numbered Publication; Alert
NTIS Accession No.
DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2011-128
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
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A Double Green Flash
At sunset, the sky is often painted with an array of oranges, reds and yellows, and even some shades of pink. There are, however, occasions when a green flash appears above the solar disc for a second or so. One such occurrence was captured beautifully in this picture taken from Cerro Paranal.
The green flash is a rather rare phenomenon; seeing such a transient event requires an unobstructed view of the setting Sun and a very stable atmosphere. At Paranal the atmospheric conditions are just right for this. But a double green flash such as this one is noteworthy even for Paranal.
The green flash occurs because the Earth’s atmosphere works like a giant prism that bends and disperses the sunlight. This effect is particularly significant at sunrise and sunset when the solar rays go through more of the lower, denser layers of the atmosphere. Shorter wavelength blue and green light from the Sun is bent more than longer wavelength orange and red, so it appears slightly higher in the sky than orange or red rays from the point of view of an observer.
When the Sun is close to the horizon, a mirage effect related to the temperature gradient in the atmosphere can magnify the dispersion and produce the elusive green flash. The mirage can also distort the shape of the Sun and that of the flash. There are two bands of green light in this image because the weather conditions created two alternating cold and warm layers of air in the atmosphere.
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by Bettina Varwig
The essay begins:
There is a notational oddity in the autograph score of Johann Sebastian Bach’s Cantata 199, “Mein Herze schwimmt im Blut” (My heart is swimming in blood). Instead of writing out the word “heart” every time it appears in the text, at several points the composer used the familiar heart symbol—not exactly shaped like the physical organ, but apparently as instantly recognizable then as it is now. In some instances, the abbreviation may have resulted from pragmatic considerations of space, but in others clearly not. Instead, perhaps Bach was invoking, in an inconsequential and semi-private manner, the rich significatory potential of this pictogram. Already by the early seventeenth century, the heart image had come to appear frequently in a variety of contexts, from courtly chivalry and religious iconography to sets of playing cards, encompassing an extensive field of associations and meanings. Severed from the human body, the organ could be subjected to a dazzling variety of treatments, as in the extraordinary Emblemata sacra (1622) by the German Lutheran theologian Daniel Cramer. In this widely distributed volume of devotional emblems, the heart appears in no fewer than fifty different scenarios, demonstrating its protean capacity to stand in for the believer’s life, soul, conscience, consciousness, memory, earthly existence, or inner self: the heart as a rock being softened by God’s hammer, a winged heart escaping from the claws of earthly demons up to heaven, the heart with a seeing eye, Jesus inscribing his name on the heart, the heart adrift in a stormy sea, a burning heart filled with cooling liquid from the Holy Spirit, the heart’s mettle being tested in a hot oven, and so on.
As the seat of life and the source of sin, the heart in the Christian tradition mediated between flesh and spirit. It could taste, sing, sigh, and melt; it could be given to God or cleaned out and inhabited by Christ. And so one might also imagine a heart “swimming in blood,” as the German poet Georg Christian Lehms wrote in his cantata libretto of 1711; a text set to music not only in 1714 by Bach but also two years before by his German contemporary Christoph Graupner, and subsequently heard by congregations in Weimar, Cöthen, Leipzig, and Darmstadt. Lehms’s poem draws on a long-standing Christian devotional tradition that conjoined hearts and bodily fluids, in visions of faithful hearts crying blood or sinners’ hearts drenched in waters of fear. But what was it like to be a body whose heart could undergo such procedures? What kind of physiology underpinned the veracity of these formulations? Simply casting them as poetic flights of fancy would mean disregarding the fundamentally embodied nature of such metaphors, which acquired their meaningfulness precisely through a more or less tangible link to a perceived corporeal reality. In heeding Gail Kern Paster’s call for an “interpretive literalism” in approaching early modern tropes based on bodily parts and functions, we might instead start from the assumption that experiences of seventeenth- and early eighteenth-century bodiliness were historically particular in such a way that they could give rise to this kind of imagery without too great a sense of rupture or alienation. If Lehms’s poetry strikes some present-day listeners as “repellent,” this response may exactly map out the distance to be traversed in order to recover those past modes of being-in-the-body that could produce and sustain such language.
Recuperating these historical forms of bodiliness has formed a key preoccupation of early modern scholarship at least since Thomas Csordas’s programmatic call in 1990 for a focus on “embodiment” in the study of human cultures, approaching the body less as a text to be deciphered than as the locus of lived experience. Of course, as Mark M. Smith has recently reminded us, any claims toward the recovery of a usable, consumable sensory past, potentially culminating in “lickable text, scratch-and-sniff pages, touch-and-feel pads” to convey an authentic historical experience to present-day readers, must be treated with extreme caution. My argument here, too, stays well clear of an attempt to recreate for current listeners any of those past corporeal habits of which a careful historical investigation might offer some glimpses; music already went through its own “authenticity” debate some decades ago, after all. Still, Bruce R. Smith’s invitation to “project ourselves into the historically reconstructed field of perception as far as we are able” can seem particularly intriguing in the case of music, since it not only encompasses the duality of presence and pastness in uniquely challenging ways but also ostensibly performs that effortless merger of sensation and meaning, both of which it produces in abundance, every time it sounds. Past musical practices and sound worlds in this sense offer an especially promising access point for a historical inquiry that aims to steer a course between the two extremes of positing the body either as pure presence or as mere representation.
In the early modern context, such an exercise in retro-projection initially requires a fundamental repositioning of the category of “body,” by which that post-Cartesian self- contained entity separate from the mind is refigured instead as “body-mind,” or, in Susan James’s terminology, “body-soul composite.” The wealth of physiological and psychological processes that constituted these body-souls comes into sharp focus when setting out to reconstruct the ways in which music acted upon or within them. Since the historical record is frustratingly slim with regard to actual flesh-and-blood listeners caught in the act, their experiences of engaging with music (in particular in the context of a worship service) are pieced together here from a range of theological, scientific, and musical sources chosen for their proximity to the German Lutheran milieu inhabited by Bach. If, as Daniel Chua has observed, by the middle of the eighteenth century music would by and large come to be understood as only that which is heard, it is this later reduction to the acoustic that needs to be reversed (unthought and unfelt) in order to recapture how music’s sounding materials reverberated not only through “throats, mouths, lungs, ears, and heads” but also through hearts, guts, and limbs, as well as spirits and souls. Although the study of music as a performed, sounding activity has recently become something of a new orthodoxy within musicology, and this focus on performance has made the bodies behind (or, rather, in) music more immediately tangible, those bodies are still in need of much more nuanced historicization. Like James Q. Davies in his recent study of nineteenth-century virtuosity, I suggest that acts of musicking, in their capacity not just to reflect but to generate particular modes of inhabiting the body, offer a hitherto underused resource in coming to grips with the animate bodies of the past. What I envisage, then, is a kind of somatic archaeology that pushes Elizabeth Le Guin’s proposal of a “carnal musicology” to a new level of fleshliness. Such an approach might thereby begin to address that “huge gap in early modern sensory history” to which Penelope Gouk has recently alerted us, moving toward a radically revised, somatic ontology of early modern music making. Continue reading …
This essay proposes a somatic archaeology of German Lutheran music making around 1700. Focusing on a single cantata by Johann Sebastian Bach, it sets out to reconstruct the capacities of early modern body-souls for musical reverberation, affective contagion, and spiritual transformation.
BETTINA VARWIG is Lecturer in Music and Fellow of Emmanuel College at the University of Cambridge. She is the author of Histories of Heinrich Schütz (Cambridge University Press, 2011) and is currently working on a book project entitled An Early Modern Musical Physiology.
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Henry Hunnings (1842 1886)
by Jim MatthewDid you know that one of the most fruitful developments in the history of the telephone was made by Henry Hunnings, the curate at All Saints church, Bolton Percy, near York?
When Graham Bell sent speech along a wire in 1876, journals such as the English Mechanic gave quite detailed descriptions of the first telephone receivers. Henry Hunnings, whose spare time passion was the study of electricity, set to work making a crude transmitter and had discussions with Edward Cox-Walker the manager of the local optics manufacturer Thomas Cooke and Sons. The curate had correctly analysed the limitations of the early Bell designs which used the same electrical induction device for both transmitter and receiver: however the transmitter was not adequate to send messages over large distances. Thomas Alva Edison, perhaps the most prolific inventor of all time, exploited the fact that the electrical resistance of carbon varied with pressure to make a transmitter in which pressure waves set up by speaking into the device changed the voltage across a piece of solid carbon. In Britain David Hughes made a similar device using a carbon pencil and coined the word microphone.Henry Hunnings was carrying out experiments along the same lines but was achieving much greater sensitivity using discrete granules of carbon set between two metal diaphragms,so exploiting the many points of microphone contact. A carbon microphone Patent (see below) was awarded on 16 September 1878.
It is one thing to file a patent but quite another to have it manufactured and make real money from it: however Edward Cox-Walker transformed the Hunnings patent into a manufactured product at the factory he set up in Darlington in 1880. A public demonstration of the Hunnings Micro-telephone (price 15 guineas) was given before the Cleveland Institution of Engineers after the system had been tested over 45 miles between the railway stations at York and Darlington.
Where there is technological innovation litigation is not far behind. In 1882 The United Telephone Company sued Harrison Cox-Walker Ltd for infringement of the Bell Edison patents it held. Hunnings appeared as a witness to demonstrate successfully that his microphone design was distinct from that of Edison but the Cox-Walker receiver was perceived to be a copy of the Edison design. After much legal wrangling the Hunnings patent was sold to UTC for £1,000 (around £50,000 in todays money). It was not then clear what role the carbon microphone would play in the development of the telephone but with slight modifications to avoid packing of the granules the Hunnings design emerged as the dominant form of telephone transmitter for 100 years all due to a member of the clergy.
To find out more:
Improvements in and appertaining to transmitters for telephones. Letters Patent to Henry Hunnings of Bolton Percy in the County of York, Patent No3647. 18 September 1878
Baldwin, F.G.C. 1938. The history of the telephone in the United Kingdom. p.72
Hope, A. 1978. One hundred years of microphones. New Scientist 11 May 1978
Hunnings micro-telephone. Proceedings of the Cleveland Institute of Engineers. 15 March 1880 p113
The telephone case. The Telegraphical Journal and Electrical Review 13May 1882 p.332
All Saints, Bolton Percy website: www.allsaintsboltonpercy.co.uk/henry-hunnings.php
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Where does malaria occur?
Malaria has at some stage or another occurred on every continent of the world except Antarctica. Currently, cases of human malaria are mainly found in Central and South America, parts of the Caribbean, sub-Saharan Africa, parts of the Middle East, south Asia, south-east Asia, and the Pacific Islands of Oceania. Control efforts, mainly consisting of reducing populations of vector mosquitoes, has eliminated transmission from North America, most of Europe, most of North Africa and parts of the Middle east and Asia. Currently, the vast majority of malaria mortalities occur in sub-Saharan Africa, and mainly in children under the age of five.
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Child Abuse Watch
Child abuse prevention network providing a centralized source of easy-to-access and understand child abuse prevention information. Designed for the public and for professionals.
Child Molestation Research & Prevention Institute
A national science-based nonprofit organization dedicated to preventing child sexual abuse through research, education, and family support. Focus is on provision of information to professionals and families that promotes early awareness of warning signs and early diagnosis and treatment for the sex offender, if possible before abuse occurs.
Center for the Prevention of Sexual and Domestic Violence (CPSDV)
An inter-religious educational resource addressing religious issues associated with sexual and domestic violence. Offers presentations, books, and videos.
Institute on Violence, Abuse, and Trauma
Provides training, networking, education, and program evaluation. Is an international resource center and disseminates information through publications.
Conducts research, education, advocacy, and activism to promote prevention, treatment, and elimination of sexual abuse of male children and adults. Offers retreats, annual conference, and has online chat rooms.
International Center for Assault Prevention (ICAP)
Focus on prevention of interpersonal violence through curriculum development, research, education, and training. Best-known program is Child Assault Prevention Project (CAP). CAP educates adults regarding recognition and response to child abuse and teaches children safety strategies.
National Center for Missing and Exploited Children (NCMEC)
National clearinghouse for information on missing children and prevention of child victimization. Website offers wealth of child protection information. Offers toll-free phone and web response to report sexual exploitation, abuse, or abduction of children. http://www.cybertipline.com/
CyberTipline is toll-free line to report information about sexual exploitation of children on the web or other child pornography. 1-800-LOST to report sexually exploited, abused, or missing children.
National Clearinghouse on Child Abuse and Neglect (NCCAN)
Child Welfare Information Gateway
Provides information and technical assistance to professionals in locating information on prevention, identification, and treatment of abuse and related issues. Website offers information on laws and statutes and provides statistics. The American Campaign for
National Exchange Club Foundation: Strengthening Families, Building Communities, and Serving America
NECF supports and participates in a number of activities to heighten awareness of child abuse and its consequences. The site provides information about abuse and links to resources.
Prevent Child Abuse America (PCAA)
National volunteer-based organization committed to preventing child abuse through research, education, and advocacy. Resource for comprehensive information and referrals in child abuse prevention. Offers catalog of publications.
Prevention and Motivation Programs, Inc.
Home of Good-Touch/Bad-Touch
Offers on-site and audio-visual professional development. Offers curriculum for pre-kindergarten through 9th grade. Provides materials to help parents and care-givers to talk about sexual abuse and personal safety. Research booklet available.
The Safer Society Foundation, Inc. (SSFI)
National research, advocacy, and referral center dedicated to prevention and treatment of sexual abuse. Offers sex offender treatment referrals, responses to research requests, training, and consultation. Offers publications for treatment providers, offenders, survivors, and mandatory reporters. Free catalog available.
Stop It Now!
Offers support, information, and resources to help families and communities keep children safe from sexual abuse.
Survivors of Incest Anonymous (SIA)
World service office that supports local SIA support groups and individuals seeking support. Publishes and sells incest survivor-related literature, maintains directory of meetings, and publishes quarterly bulletin. Send a self-addressed envelope and $3.00 (if possible) or call the SIA information line to request directory of meetings. Contact SIA to obtain literature or ask questions.
World Service Office, PO Box 190, Benson, MD 21018-9998
Survivors Network of those Abused by Priests (SNAP)
Self-help organization of adult survivors of clergy sexual abuse and their supporters working to end the cycle of abuse through support in the healing process and pursuit of justice. Promotes institutional change and accountability of perpetrators and churches. Local chapters and support groups in over 50 cities. Website provides resources such as peer counseling, contact information for local support groups, online discussion boards, library of educational resources, and news stories.
The Voices and Faces Project
National non-profit initiative created to give voice and face to survivors of sexual violence. Offers a sense of solidarity and possibility to survivors and raises awareness of impact of sexual assault on victims, families, and communities.
The Wounded Healer Journal (TWHJ)
Offers forums and chat rooms for adult survivors of trauma and abuse. Provides links to resources.
National Sexual Offender Public Website
Public service of the U.S. Department of Justice. Provides public information regarding presence or location of sex offenders in your community.
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This is a first in a blog series devoted to Agile Development. We’ll cover everything from a conceptual overview to the granular details.
Agile (adjective) 1. The ability to move quickly and easily
If there is one word that is misused or overused in tech culture today, “agile” is it (though “the Uber of the __ industry” is certainly a contender). It sounds like a responsive, startup-y thing to be, and even those who have no idea what it means have a vague sense that it’s positive.
We want to take “agile” from misuse to clarity, from greyed out to full-color. We love agile, and we think you should too.
Agile practices get its users from idea to revenue as fast as possible, while providing greater validation to your roadmap, maintaining high product quality, and not overworking your team. This is accomplished by focusing on small slices of work that are the most critical to the success of the much larger vision.
These small slices are built, tested, and put into users’ hands so that one can learn from them what works and what doesn’t. To appropriate a wise quotation on design specifically, “No design ever withstood its first encounter with real users.”
For example: Remember when Facebook’s (sorry, THE Facebook) functionality was that, as this screenshot shows, you can “search for people at your school, find out who are in your classes, look up your friends’ friends, and see a visualization of your social network”? Because by the way, it was only available to college students?
While Mark Zuckerberg obviously is a visionary who went on to change the world, he focused on a relatively specific feature set and let the market and user feedback inform the roadmap.
This is the benefit of focusing on small, critical slices. As much as you think you know exactly what you want, at the beginning of any project, you stand at the Point of Maximum Ignorance. Why would you invest a day more than you have to without testing and validating and watching your users play with your product?
Agile Development Background
For additional context, the opposite of agile methodology is waterfall, which demands that you prepare all the requirements for your product in great detail prior to starting development. This seems like it would make a project less risky due to the extensive thought and planning put into it, but its actual effect is that the product is far more likely to fail. We’ll get deeper into that discussion in future posts.
So, we’ve given you a taste of why agile works for product and software development and where it was born. But the deep principles it relies on are far-reaching in their understanding of humans and our beautiful brains.
Small slicing any project in the beginning frees the brain from feeling overwhelmed by scale before you’ve even began.
Defining that small slice clearly when the time is appropriate (and not before) frees you from feeling obligated to know everything you’ll ever need to know, or anxious because you know that you don’t know. At the beginning, you don’t even know what you don’t know. Point of Maximum Ignorance, remember?
Categorizing small pieces of work as ‘done’ on a regular cadence gives the brain the positive affirmation it needs to stay engaged and rewarded. There’s a reason we love checking things off to-do lists!
We haven’t even scratched the surface of how to capture the value that agile offers. For right now, we want to whet your appetite and get you excited about what agile can mean for your company, or for that matter, for your personal habits and goals, your nonprofit, your parenting, your school, your church, and much more.
Download our infographic to see what agile looks like in the real world.
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Mount Marcy (photo taken from Mount Haystack, looking across Panther Gorge)
|Elevation||5,343 ft (1,629 m) NAVD 88|
|Prominence||4,914 ft (1,498 m)|
|Listing||Adirondack High Peaks
U.S. state high point
|Keene, Essex County, New York, U.S.|
|Topo map||USGS Mount Marcy|
|First ascent||August 5, 1837 by Ebenezer Emmons and party|
Mount Marcy is the highest point in New York State, with an elevation of 5,343 feet (1,629 m). Located in the Town of Keene in Essex County. Essex County, the mountain is in the heart of the Adirondack High Peaks Region of the High Peaks Wilderness Area. Its stature and expansive views make it a popular destination for hikers, who crowd its summit in the summer months.
The mountain is named for 19th-century Gov. New York Gov. William L. Marcy, who authorized the environmental survey that explored the area. Its first recorded ascent was on August 5, 1837, by a large party led by Ebenezer Emmons looking for source of the East Fork of the Hudson River. Today the summit may be reached by multiple trails; though long by any route, a round-trip may be made in a day.
Vice President (and former governor) Theodore Roosevelt was at his hunting camp, Tahawus, on September 14, 1901, after summiting Marcy, when he was informed that President William McKinley, who had been shot a week earlier, had taken a serious turn for the worse.
Roosevelt and his party hiked ten miles (16 km) down the southwest face of the mountain to Long Lake, New York where he hired a stage coach to take him to the closest train station at North Creek. The route from Long Lake to North Creek has been designated as the Roosevelt-Marcy Trail.
Mount Marcy is one of the High Peaks of the Adirondack Mountains. The majority of the mountain is forested, although the final few hundred feet is above tree line. The peak is dominated by rocky outcrops, lichens, and alpine shrubs. There are two plaques at the top commemorating the centennial of the climb as well as the mountain summit itself.
The shortest and most frequently used route up the mountain is from the northwest, the Van Hoevenberg Trail, which starts at the Adirondak Loj near Heart Lake. From there it is 7.4 miles (11.2 km) to the summit, a lengthy roundtrip which can nevertheless be done in a day. A large section of the trail is suitable for alpine skiing and snowboarding.
The summit via the Johns Brook Trail from the Garden parking north of the mountain in Keene Valley is an 18-mile (28.8 km) round trip, which may be broken at Johns Brook Lodge.
A lengthier southern approach can be made from either of the two major trailheads for the southern High Peaks, Upper Works or Elk Lake.
- Outline of New York
- Bibliography of New York
- Index of New York-related articles
- Adirondack Park
- High Peaks Wilderness Area
- List of U.S. states by elevation
- Mountain peaks of North America
- Mountain peaks of the United States
- "Marcy". NGS data sheet. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Retrieved 2009-01-08.
- "Mount Marcy". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 2009-01-08.
- "Elevations and Distances in the United States". United States Geological Survey. April 29, 2005. Retrieved 2009-03-28.
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mount Marcy.|
- Mount Marcy hike and trip report. June 2010.
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As high school seniors around the country prepare for graduation, a dark reality hides in the shadows. Too many of these hopeful young people will never graduate from college.
The simple and sad truth is that many of our children aren't being adequately prepared to succeed in college. Of those who enroll in college, 44 percent don't graduate after six years. Half of all college freshmen are taking at least one remedial course. Equally disturbing is that many of the students who never earn college degrees amass significant college loan debt; they're left to repay the debt without the benefit of the salary that comes with a college degree.
To shrink the gap between those who enter college and those who complete a degree, we must target the divide between high school graduation standards and the skills that all students need to be prepared for college success.
The Hillsborough County Public School District has recently taken a giant step in this direction. The school board recently voted unanimously to implement the College Board's EXCELerator™ Schools program in all 70 of its middle and high schools.
The EXCELerator model guarantees rigorous and challenging academic programs; college planning and preparation; extensive training for teachers, administrators and counselors; equity and access in advanced placement course work; and developmental supports that create personalized learning environments for every student. By choosing this model for change, the entire school community is setting an example of fairness, concern and responsibility toward every student in the district.
Hillsborough is the first district in the nation to implement EXCELerator in all of its middle and high schools. The College Board is proud to be a partner in this effort as we continue to seek ways to prepare all students for college success.
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One day after France signed an armistice with Germany in June 1940, Adolf Hitler celebrated the German victory over France with a tour of Paris. Here, Hitler's train arrives in Paris. Hitler's tour included the Paris opera, the Champs-Elysees, the Arc de Triomphe, and the Eiffel Tower. After visiting Napoleon's tomb and the Sacre Coeur, Hitler left Paris. In all, Hitler spent about three hours in the city. In July, Hitler returned in triumph to Berlin, Germany.
Copyright © United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, Washington, DC
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NO NO NO NO NO NO NO
Preschool classrooms are filled with rules: No running, no pushing, no throwing toys, etc. The rules are made with good intentions, but many of the rules essentially stop children from using their whole bodies in the classroom. It’s as if we are inviting only the head and perhaps hands into the classroom. Children resist this at every turn. It leads to frustration from all sides. As one teacher told me, “I’m tired of saying no all the time.”
In the last few years I have used guidelines instead of rules. Dan Gartrell talks about the benefits of guidelines rather than rules in his book, Education for a Civil Society: How Guidance Teaches young Children Democratic Life Skills.
Rules talk about what children can’t do. Guidelines talk about what we can. Guidelines also allow for gray areas that often happen. For example, we have a loft in my classroom that looks down on the classroom on three sides. Originally I had a rule that you couldn’t throw things down from the loft. It seemed straight forward, but situations kept coming up that called this rule into question. A child made a paper airplane, and threw it from the loft. Then a few weeks later a group of children had a pillow fight with some throwing pillows from the loft. Later a child watched a tissue float down from the loft. None of these situations presented a safety concern. I could make a rule that lists all the things you can’t throw. I could even put a positive spin on it and list the things you can throw. But what happens when someone introducing something not on the list? What if someone crumples paper and throws it?
When I started using guidelines, I could say, “We take care of each other so we can’t throw toys form the loft because they are hard and could hurt someone.” When a child makes an airplane, I can say, “Are we still taking care of each other if you throw a paper airplane?” The child can figure out that no one will get hurt. Not only did I get rid of unnecessary rules, I am helping the kids to practice risk assessment in a safe way.
This also brings up rules that many of us consider universal such as “No running in the room.” While running in the room in general might pose a safety concern that children may not be able to anticipate on their own. There is a lot of gray area in terms of what is running. For example: Is jogging OK? Isn’t a five-year old skipping more likely to result in falling that if the same child was running? I have found myself watching children “running” in the room with enough control to stay safe on several occasions. I have also watched kids “use their walking feet” and walk right into someone who was in their way. Is it really the speed that is the problem or the child being in control of their movement?
In regards to the child who walks into another child, it is often a result of a still-developing vestibular sense rather than a deliberate act of aggression. What will the child learn if I say, “No pushing?” And if I have the rule “No Pushing” what about two kids who smile as they push each other? Can’t children roughhouse?
No running, No Pushing and No Throwing Toys can seem like universal rules, but in the end, I am convinced there are no universal rules, but I am convinced that there are universal guidelines. Using guidelines means that the children and I have to use our judgment when situations arise. It is good for the children to learn and it is good practice for teachers to always reflect on their actions.
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Work in silence or with music, selecting containers, flowers and materials such as branches, leaves and glass easily leads to venture into the inner garden. Flowers require attention and open an intimate dialogue, the floral composition opens the mind to creativity and to the relationship with our deepest nature.
Flower design can be expressed in many ways.
The Ikebana (Ikebana o Ikebana) they represent the Japanese art of arranging cut flowers or kadō (flower arrangement).
Making an ikebana engages the mind and body, spirit and soul. The creative act becomes meditation, with a particular focus on balance.
Ikebana, it means living flowers or via dei fiori, as a path of spiritual elevation according to the principles of Zen.
The creative experience of floral design linked to ikebana, and its derivations, it leads to centering on one's interior, relaxation and improved health, with immersion in the details of beauty and nature.
Japanese Ikebana combine floral practice and inner life.
Working in silence, selecting materials, containers, flowers, rami, leaves, glass or other adventure in the inner garden.
Attention to flowers opens a dialogue, thus begins the intimate nature and communication between people.
Working in silence, the soul is prepared with sounds and music.
Floral design like ikebana engage the mind and body, spirit and soul. The experience becomes a meditation, with a particular focus on well-being.
Informal Flower Design
design | margherita cittadino
flowers | dried poppies, anthurium, turmeric leaves
“Seek happiness in this life, this is the true spirit of rebellion.” Henrik Ibsen
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The way Washington is operating, the fate of nuclear energy may be in trouble in the United States. When something’s unpopular with the American public, the government will find a way to make it move forward. This past weekend’s vote proves to be a pretty good example of that. A recently released Gallup poll shows support for nuclear at an all-time high of 62 percent:
“A majority of Americans have typically favored using nuclear power to provide electricity for the United States since Gallup began asking about this topic in 1994. Support has edged up in the last two years, eclipsing 60% this year for the first time. In addition, 28% of Americans now say they “strongly favor” nuclear power, also the highest Gallup has measured since the question was first asked in 1994.”
Despite not building a plant in three decades, the public’s support for nuclear energy in the United States continues to climb with each passing year. What does the government plan to do about it? Expand loan guarantees for new nuclear plants rather than implement the policy reforms necessary to achieve a thriving, sustainable industry. You can read Heritage’s position on the loan guarantee debate here.
Finding a solution for waste management, making the regulatory process more efficient and equipping the NRC to regulate multiple reactor technologies would do much more long-term good for prospects of nuclear power. Interestingly, the rising support does not come out of fears of global warming, says Gallup:
“While 28 percent of respondents said they worry about global warming a “great deal,” the percentage of those saying they don’t worry at all is a notch higher — 29 percent, which is the highest percentage Gallup has ever recorded for this issue by at least 9 percentage points. The combined 48 percent who worry about global warming “only a little” or “not at all” also appears to be a new high for the poll, and the first time more than 40 percent have responded that way since 47 percent did in 2004.”
Furthermore, the public overwhelmingly support drilling for oil and natural gas in the United States. So naturally, “A federal judge has approved a first-of-its-kind settlement requiring the government to suspend 38,000 acres of oil and gas leases in Montana so it can gauge how oil field activities contribute to climate change.”
Instead of enacting policies to create jobs and increase energy supplies that would mitigate the public’s concerns about the economy, just the opposite is taking place. Surprised?
Read more informative articles at Heritage – The Foundry
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Physiological adaptations for survival
Home > Preview
The flashcards below were created by user
on FreezingBlue Flashcards.
What is homeostasis?
- The condition of a relatively stable internal environment maintained within narrow limits
- eg. core temperature, water levels, glucose, pH of blood
What are affector neurons?
- Detect change in internal or external environment
- Sends electrical impulses to CNS
What are effector neurons?
Neurons that carry impulses away from the CNS to produce a response (muscles and glands)
What is the endocrine system and what is it responsible for?
- A system of internal control in animals that involve the release of hormones into the blood.
- Hormones reach the site of action through diffusion
- Much slower than nervous system however long lasting.
- Responsible for maintaining homeostasis
What is negative feedback?
The response reduces the effect of the original stimulus. That is, the response has a negative effect on the stimulus, cancelling or counteracting it.
What are ways of losing heat?
- Radiation: Heat in the form of infrared rays
- Conduction: movement of heat away from the body in water
- Convection: movement of heat away from the body in air
- Evaporation of sweat
- Less adrenaline and thyroxine produced for slower metabolism
What are ways of gaining heat?
- Shivering: contraction and relaxation of small muscle groups
- More thyroxine and adrenaline =Metabolic processes
- Vasoconstriction: less heat lost through blood
- Piloerection: goosebumps, thin layer of insulation
What is the difference between ectothermic and endothermic animals?
- Ectothermic: rely on external temperatures to gain body heat
- Endothermic: rely on internal mechanisms to generate body heat
What is the difference between poikliothermic and homethermic animals?
- Poikliothermic: fluctuating internal temperatures
- Homeothermic: constant internal temperatures
Describe the processes involved in maintaining water balance in mammals
- ·Regulated by kidneys. Also called osmo-regulation
- ·Two Significant hormones are involved– Vasopressin and Renin
- ·Osmo-receptors detect changes in water balance in the body – When there is a drop in water concentration, Vasopressin is released into the bloodstream.
- ·Vasopressin increases re-absorption of water in the kidneys
What would you like to do?
Home > Flashcards > Print Preview
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|This article needs additional citations for verification. (May 2007)|
Jean Bugatti (15 January 1909 – 11 August 1939) was a French/Italian automotive designer and test engineer.
Born Gianoberto Maria Carlo Bugatti in Cologne, Germany, he was the eldest son of Ettore Bugatti. Soon after his birth the family moved to the village of Dorlisheim near Molsheim in Alsace where his father built the new Bugatti automobile manufacturing plant. Born into a family of creative people, from boyhood he was interested in his father's business. His grandfather Carlo Bugatti had lived in France for several years when he relocated from his native Milan to live in Paris. His father's factory had clients in France and had done work for the Peugeot company. As such, the Bugatti family were multilingual and in France, Gianoberto became known as Jean.
During World War I, the family lived in Milan, Italy. After the retaking of Alsace by France at the end of the war the company became subject to French jurisdiction. By the late 1920s, young Jean Bugatti was an integral part of the company and had already demonstrated his vehicle design abilities. In 1932, at the age of twenty-three years, he did most of the design for the company's Type 41 Royale. His body designs complemented his father's engineering skill, making Bugatti one of the greatest names in automobile manufacturing. Additionally, Jean Bugatti designed three bodies for the Type 57, the Ventoux, Stelvio, and Atalante models. Regarded as the finest of all touring Bugatti models, the supercharged vehicle was displayed first at the 1936 Paris Salon. Jean Bugatti also showed his engineering skills by working on new independent suspension systems to replace solid front axles and twin-cam engine applications.
He frequently tested the company's prototypes. On 11 August 1939, while testing the Type 57 tank-bodied racer which had just won a Le Mans race, not far from the factory on the road near the village of Duppigheim, 30-year-old Jean Bugatti was killed when he lost control of his vehicle and crashed into a tree while trying to avoid a drunken bicyclist, who had gotten onto the track through a hole in a treefence. He is interred in the Bugatti family plot at the municipal cemetery in Dorlisheim. There is a monument to him at the site of his accident.
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The organizers of the GHEC 2012 presented this historic declaration on November 3, 2012, at the first-ever Global Home Education Conference in Berlin, Germany, and adopted it via a board resolution. The Berlin Declaration compiles for the first time an easily accessible record of the numerous international treaties and declarations that recognize the role of parents and the family in education. Through this document, the signatories aim to support home education in becoming globally recognized as the valid form of education that it truly is.
Read the declaration
The first signatory after the GHEC Organizing Board was Mr. André Stern of France.
See the GHEC Advisory Board resolution.
See all the signatures from the GHEC 2012.
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What is flexo printing?
Flexo Printing: An Overview
Flexo printing, also known as flexography, is a printing technique that is used to print on a variety of materials, including paper, plastic, film, and more. It is a popular method for printing labels, packaging, and other types of printed materials. In this blog post, we’ll explore the basics of flexo printing and what makes it a unique and versatile printing option.
How Does Flexo Printing Work?
Flexo printing uses a flexible printing plate that is wrapped around a cylinder. The printing plate is made from a flexible material, such as rubber or photopolymer, and is etched with the desired design or image. During the printing process, ink is applied to the plate, which then transfers the ink to the material being printed. The material is fed through the printing press and the plate is rotated, allowing the ink to be transferred to the material in a precise and consistent manner.
Advantages of Flexo Printing
Flexo printing has several advantages over other printing methods. One of the biggest advantages is its ability to print on a wide variety of materials, including plastic, film, and paper. This makes it a popular choice for printing packaging, labels, and other materials that require a high-quality print.
Flexo printing is also a cost-effective option, as it requires lower upfront costs for printing plates and the press itself. In addition, the flexible printing plates are reusable, reducing waste and further lowering costs.
Another advantage of flexo printing is its ability to print high-quality images and designs. The flexible printing plates can be precisely etched, allowing for sharp and accurate prints. Additionally, flexo printing is capable of printing a wide range of colors, making it a great option for full-color printing.
Disadvantages of Flexo Printing
One of the main disadvantages of flexo printing is that it is not as versatile as digital printing. While flexo printing is great for printing on a variety of materials, it is not as effective for printing on a wide range of colors or for printing fine details.
Another potential drawback of flexo printing is the time required to set up and prepare the press. This can be a time-consuming process, especially if multiple printing plates are required for a single job.
In conclusion, flexo printing is a versatile and cost-effective printing method that is ideal for printing on a variety of materials, including paper, plastic, and film. Its ability to print high-quality images and designs, along with its lower upfront costs, make it a popular choice for printing packaging, labels, and other printed materials. While it may not be as versatile as digital printing, flexo printing remains an important printing method in the industry today.
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Feelings are essential in our daily life. Unfortunately so many people shy away form their feelings, often out of fear of expressing them. While others end up giving their emotions free range and allow them to rule their lives. But feelings have an important function. They allow us to better understand our environment and our relationships. And research shows us that emotions that were once deemed “bad” such as anger and contempt are not necessarily so. There are times when it’s necessary for you to express anger, such as when you observe an injustice. Because you actually do yourself more harm by bottling up these emotions. But this doesn’t mean you should go ahead and express anger and contempt all the time. It’s necessary to assess whether you’re having healthy emotional reactions.
Consider these steps in examining your emotional responses.
Examine your feeling
What are you feeling? Where in your body are you feeling it? Are you having any urges to suppress this feeling? Why? Do you feel that something bad will happen if you allow this feeling? Why? What can you do to tolerate the state that you’re currently in?
When thinking about your feelings, consider a variety of emotions instead of resorting to happy, sad or angry. There may be other emotions that more clearly define how you’re feeling like grumpy frustrated, annoyed, disappointment, regretful or pessimistic. Be as specific as you can.
Understand the why
Why are you feeling this emotion? If you’re angry, is it because someone cut your off while you were driving, or were you watching a political clip on Facebook? Are there any needs you have that aren’t being met? Has a boundary been violated? What’s your contribution to this? Are there other unrelated issues bring brought into this feeling? Take time to completely understand the why behind your feelings.
Assess the frequency of your feeling
Think about how often you’ve been having this feeling. Have you noticed that you’ve been feeling frustrated often at work and at home? It’s important to think about the frequency of the emotion. If you find that you’ve been having certain characteristically negative feelings quite often, you may want to thoroughly examine what’s occurring in your life that’s leading you to feel this way. And then once you’re clear, decide what if any changes you’ll need to make.
Separate your feeling from your thoughts
Recognize that your feelings can impact your thoughts. They can blind you from reality, which is why it’s important for you to take time to process your feelings before responding to them.
Decide how you want to respond to your feeling
After you’ve examined your feeling, think about the best way to respond. If you find that you’re having difficulty processing, you may need some more time to separate your feelings from your thoughts in order to better see the situation. Assess whether your feeling requires an immediate response, or you can respond at a later time.
Being able to effectively manage our feelings is essential to the success of our relationships in our careers and our personal lives. So be sure to take steps to continue to develop this skill each day. And if you find that you’re struggling with managing your feelings, consider seeking professional support.
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