text
stringlengths 263
344k
| id
stringlengths 47
47
| dump
stringclasses 23
values | url
stringlengths 16
862
| file_path
stringlengths 125
155
| language
stringclasses 1
value | language_score
float64 0.65
1
| token_count
int64 57
81.9k
| score
float64 2.52
4.78
| int_score
int64 3
5
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Label the parts of the flower. (Nos. 1-10)
11-12. What is the difference between pollination and fertilization of a plant?
13-14. What is the difference between self-pollination and cross-pollination?
15. Give common pollinators of flowers.
You can add this document to your study collection(s)
You can add this document to your saved list
(For complaints, use
Input it if you want to receive answer
|
<urn:uuid:83a75995-409c-4c25-a539-6ccc9051fb43>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-23
|
https://studylib.net/doc/25430220/flower-parts-2
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224656963.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20230610030340-20230610060340-00661.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.90017 | 112 | 3.015625 | 3 |
The art and science of photography hit a lot of milestones in a short amount of time. What we call Stereoscopic Photography was just another step in photography's evolving technology in the transition from paintings to photos.
Stereoscopic Photography applies depth to an image by using the concept of binocular vision. Binocular vision refers to how the brain links two separate images when each is viewed with a different eye. It makes the image look like it has depth.
Looking back, this concept was pretty cool when technology was still in its infancy. It means viewing the same image using the right eye depiction and the left eye depiction.
Sir Charles Wheatstone first introduced stereoscopic photography in 1832 when he tried to create a three-dimensional effect by inventing a binocular device that he named a Stereoscope. The concept was a fine one but his creation had a major flaw.
His device was made from daguerreotypes (very highly polished silver surface plate). The problem was that they created irregular reflections, and the images they created weren't clear enough. Because of this, people weren't really interested in using his device.
The Stereoscope that Sir Charles Wheatstone created was not very popular until eight years later when Sir David Brewster decided to take a look at the device. He found the concept fascinating but the device itself lacking.
What Sir Charles Wheatstone lacked in both design and marketing, Sir David Brewster very much made up for. Instead of polished surfaces, Sir David Brewster used two lenses that he put six centimeters apart in a small box. The box came with two holes by the side and a small slit at the bottom.
It was Mr. Elliot, a Teacher of Mathematics from Edinburgh who first suggested this idea.
The hole at the bottom allowed images to slide in and out while the holes by the side allowed light in. He called this device a refracting stereoscope but did not stop there. He then marketed this idea to Queen Victoria in 1851 at the Great Exhibition. She was blown away by the device and ordered a few hundred of it to be made.
That was the opening that he needed. In less than three months he sold almost three hundred thousand stereoscopes, and the public became obsessed with the device and stereo cards.
A company named London Stereoscopic was created, and they started employing photographers to travel around the world and take pictures of breathtaking sights. These pictures or stereo cards as they were called were used to educate and entertain.
Sir David Brewster's refracting stereoscope had its flaws, and viewers soon realized just how taxing using the device could be. Once the novelty wore off, people discovered that using the equipment for a while gave them headaches or dizziness. This was as a result of the brain trying to view two scenes at once with each different eye.
These complaints prompted Joseph L. Bates and Oliver Wendell Holmes to make adjustments to Brewster's refracting stereoscope by modifying the viewing distance and making it less heavy.
This version was also easier to make and cheaper too, making it more popular than the Brewster refracting stereoscope. Some people however protested against the device, viewing it as an alteration of the natural order of things. They believed pictures should be viewed in two-dimension, not three-dimension.
This didn't stop photographers from making a fortune off this device by creating pictures and then turning them into a stereoscopic view for a higher price.
Stereoscopic Photography met an untimely end in the 1870s when photographers started photocopying others' work. Without the concept of copyrights, the pictures quickly lost their value and were sold for extremely low prices.
This led to the annihilation of small photographing companies while big firms thrived. While Stereoscopic Photography declined, these companies started producing and controlling stereo cards. When the first colored television sets were produced in the mid-1960s, the public turned completely from Stereoscopic Photography, and it was only used for educational purposes or on very rare occasions.
The Stereoscope was man’s first attempt to create views in three dimensions. Today, we're still using the same concept behind the Stereoscope to create new and improved views. The device came as a result of different inspirations, ideas, and needs.
And although Sir David Brewster’s refracting Stereoscope made its mark in the 80s, he was not the inventor of the device -- only a modifier. The next time you admire a Stereoscope, you have Sir Charles Wheatstone to thank.
|
<urn:uuid:e06e482c-f743-47e3-855e-6061721a77d5>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-40
|
https://futuraphoto.com/blog/the-history-of-stereoscopic-photography/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510427.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20230928162907-20230928192907-00767.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.975796 | 937 | 4.0625 | 4 |
A new book made for NASA suggests that Earth could have already been visited by aliens.
Archaeology, Anthropology and Interstellar Communication, a 330-page long document written by a group of scientists and scholars and edited by Douglas A. Vakoch –director of Interstellar Message Composition at SETI–, is full of plausible theories and plans on how to communicate with beings from other worlds.
“Addressing a field that has been dominated by astronomers, physicists, engineers, and computer scientists, the contributors to this collection raise questions that may have been overlooked by physical scientists about the ease of establishing meaningful communication with an extraterrestrial intelligence. These scholars are grappling with some of the enormous challenges that will face humanity if an information-rich signal emanating from another world is detected,” NASA wrote on their website.
But one of the most notable parts of the book is the section where Dr William Edmonson, professor at the University of Birmingham, suggests that the rock formations we see on Earth could be of extraterrestrial origin.
“Consider again, therefore, the desirability of establishing symbolic/linguistic communication with ETI [Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence]. It is helpful to review some parallels from human existence that pose problems for us today. One of these is “rock art,” which consists of patterns or shapes cut into rock many thousands of years ago. Such ancient stone carvings can be found in many countries […]
We can say little, if anything, about what these patterns [above] signify, why they were cut into rocks, or who created them. For all intents and purposes, they might have been made by aliens,” Edmonson said.
He is referring to the artistic expressions carved into rocks all across America, Australia, Europe, India, and many other places around the world.
The theory, which has been proposed by UFO researchers for decades, is also the main theme of the popular TV show Ancient Aliens.
While the group of scientists involved in the new NASA book are not claiming that these carvings were made by aliens, they are clearly establishing an unprecedented foundation to pave the way for other researchers to look at the possibility of the existence of alien life, whether on Earth or on a newly discovered planet.
“[…]the physical arrangement of objects on a habitable planet’s surface will be shaped in part by gravity (the notion of a horizon might well be universal) and thus multispectral images might plausibly be considered worthwhile for messages.”
In a guest appearance on the Jimmy Kimmel show last April, former president Bill Clinton said he “wouldn’t be surprised” if the Earth was visited by aliens.
You can download Archaeology, Anthropology and Interstellar Communication in Kindle format, epub or pdf.
Latest posts by Cryptozoology News (see all)
- California Wildlife Officer Encounters Humanoids - September 20, 2017
- Two Women See ‘Bigfoot’ After Florida’s Hurricane - September 16, 2017
- Unidentified Reptile-Rodent Hybrid Shows up in the Netherlands - September 9, 2017
|
<urn:uuid:e87190ef-e7af-4d35-976f-736a85f5e34e>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-39
|
http://cryptozoologynews.com/new-nasa-book-rock-art-earth-made-aliens/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-39/segments/1505818689615.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20170923085617-20170923105617-00351.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.943058 | 643 | 3.359375 | 3 |
The day you learn your computer is infected with a virus or spyware is a lonely yet aggravating day. You’ll be angry that you fell victim, and may feel helpless because of your lack of knowledge about virus removal or pc repair. But don’t worry – you?re not alone! Unfortunately, you?re actually part of a club of tens of thousands of people who feel the same way every day!
According to AVG, virus protection usually doesn?t detect adware or spyware both of which can wreak havoc on a computer. Thousands of people each day are infected with malicious programs! Worry no longer and stop feeling helpless because this guide is a basic computer virus repair guide that will help you identify and remove viruses and malware.
Are You Running Antivirus Software?
If you already have virus software perform an update for the latest version and then run a system scan. If you do not have such software, download a free copy of AVG virus protection at http://www.grisoft.com/doc/40/lng/us/tpl/tpl01. This will give you free real time virus protection, email scanning and virus removal tools.
Next, download and run Ad-Aware to remove spyware, adware, and other troublesome programs http://www.lavasoftusa.com/software/adaware/. Then download SpyBot Search & Destroy http://www.safer-networking.org/en/download/index.html. By using Ad-Aware and SpyBot you will have excellent protection against files that are often missed by virus protection.
To check for and eliminate browser hijackers, download and run CWShredder at http://www.intermute.com/spysubtract/cwshredder_download.html.
With the above programs simply run a scan and follow the prompts to remove any infected files or unwanted programs. Once that is done, upgrade your operating system, or download any needed patches, then reboot your computer.
These steps won?t solve every problem, but they will fix a large percentage of the things that cause your computer to act up.
About the author:
John Lenaghan writes about solving computer problems for the Computer Help Squad website, where he provides valuable tips and advice about internet security, computer upgrades and other computer related topics.
Leave a Reply
|
<urn:uuid:78dcac9f-c63d-452e-9968-fe4d7247c814>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-14
|
http://internet-tips.hyper-info.com/keeping-it-clean-virus-removal-basics.html
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296948708.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20230327220742-20230328010742-00063.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.885208 | 492 | 2.65625 | 3 |
INFINITY #11: Rings and Rocks.
I. The Questions.
Does Earth’s Moon have occasional gas releases and other evidence of ongoing volcanic activity? Are the small rocky bodies of the solar system hot inside? Are the rings of the outer planets, including Saturn, many millions of years old? This INFINITY will answer these important questions.
II. Lunar Transient Phenomena/Lunar Transient Events.
It is a little noted fact that astronomers have been watching Earth’s Moon as it released wisps of gas and dust, showed night glows, even fire fountains along with other signs of vulcanism, and that these phenomena have been going on since long before the time of Galileo. Many noted observers in the 1700’s, 1800’s, and 1900’s, have reported seeing what are now called lunar transient phenomena [LTPs]; lunar, coming from the latin word luna, for Moon; and transient, because the changes generally are visible for a few seconds to a few hours.
III. Many LTPs Reported by Noted Observers.
The earliest reports of LTPs by reputable observers [# of LTPs by each observer is in parentheses] included reports from D. Cassini(3), Sir Edmund Halley (1), J.H. Schroeter(21), Charles Messier(1), W. Herschel(6), J.E. Bode(8), F.W.M. Olbers(2), F.G.W. vonStruve(1), T.W. Webb(1), F.vonP. Gruithuisen(10), and F. Argelander (1).
Later reports of LTPs by expert observers came from J. Schmidt(3), H. Ingall(4), W.R. Birt(4), T.G.E. Elger(6), E.W.L. Tempel(4), C. Flammarion(5), W.R. Dawes(1) Sir George B. Airy(1), and H. Klein(6).
And more recently reports of LTPs by expert observers came have from E.E. Barnard(3), W.H. Pickering(9), H.P. Wilkins(14), W. Goodacre(4), W.H. Haas(9), D. Alter(4), P.A. Moore(25), V.A. Firsoff(12), N.A. Kozyrev(6), H. Spinrad(1), Z. Kopal(1), C. Tombaugh(1), and T. Cragg(3). [The # of LTPs reported by each is from Ref. 1, NASA TR R-277]
This list of LTP observers is a who’s who of observational lunar astronomy for the last three centuries. There can be little doubt that these experienced and careful observers were in many cases seeing real changes on the Moon.
IV. Early Notable Reports Suggesting Lunar Vulcanism.
Outstanding among the early LTP observers was William Herschel, the discoverer of the planet Uranus, an expert observer, [who was the first to make a model probing the depths of our Milky Way galaxy] who observed and reported, on six occasions between 1783 and 1790, bright spots on the unilluminated portion of the Moon [events #19, 20, 24, 25, 26 & 54, in Ref. 1], which Herschel described as looking like active volcanoes on two of those occasions [events #25 & 26, Ref. 1]. Some lunar transient phenomena [LTPs] have been so spectacular that they were visible to the naked eye. One was a bright star like point seen on the unilluminated side of the Moon from Worms, Germany, in 1540, seventy years before Galileo published his first astronomical observations. [Ref. 1, event #1]
V. Modern Visual Observations by Notable Astronomers.
Professional astronomers who have more recently noted LTPs include, Dinsmore Alter, then Director of the Griffith Obs., Los Angeles, [#246, 381, 415 & 416]; Bill Baum, Lowell Observatory [#276, 281, 302]; Thomas Cragg, then solar observer at Mt. Wilson Observatory [#308, 474, 531]; Chick Capen, noted Mars observer and NASA consultant [#336]; N.A. Kozyrev, Crimean Astrophysical Observatory [#409]; H. Spinrad, [#437]; and Z. Kopal, Pic du Midi Observatory [#442]. Also notable are the observations by James Greenacre and Edward Barr of the U.S. Geological Survey, Aeronautical Chart and Information Center, who were doing lunar mapping for the U.S. Air Force, at Lowell Observatory on, Oct. 30, 1963 [#440] and again on Nov. 28, 1963 [#444]. Their observations on the latter date were independently confirmed by Clyde Tombough, discoverer of the planet Pluto [#445]. These observers all reported that on that night they saw red glows suggesting significant vulcanism near the lunar crater Aristarchus. A careful analysis of the latter observations of apparent vulcanism was done by William H. Hartmann and Daniel H. Harris, both then at the Lunar and Planetary Lab., U. of Ariz. [Ref. 3]. Hartmann and Harris concluded that these observations seem to have be of significant volcanic events, perhaps fire fountains or fresh lava flows. [Yes, Dr. Daniel Harris, was then a graduate student in astronomy, and an experienced lunar observer, who worked on lunar research with Dr. W.K. Hartmann, who is now a noted planetary astronomer.]
VI. Modern Photographic and Spectroscopic Evidence.
Among these observations are the photos of an anomaly in the crater Alphonsus taken by Dinsmore Alter, Director of the Griffith Obs. on October 26, 1956 [#381]. Subsequent spectrum anomalies also in the crater Alphonsus suggesting the release of gas from the Moon, were seen by Soviet astronomer, N.A. Kozyrev, on Oct. 23, 1959 [#423]; and in 1961, on Nov. 26, [#433] & Nov. 28, [#434] and Dec. 3 [#435]. Kozyrev also noted near the crater Aristarchus an anomalous spectrum, on Oct. 4, 1955 [#357]. Later observations of spectrum anomalies also near Aristarchus were made by Grainger and Ring [#429, 430] and in a region E. or the lunar crater Plato [#431].
I [Dr. Daniel Harris] personally have seen a number of lunar transient events, [8 listed in Ref. 1, 3 in Ref. 2] including one, in June, 1966, with a 19 inch telescope and spectroscope, and documented by NASA [#544] [For details see The Strolling Astronomer (Journal of the Assoc. of Lunar and Planetary Observers) vol. 22, #9-10, Nov. 1970, p160-161.] These and many other credible reports of lunar vulcanism may be found in Reference 1 and in Ref. 2. During the era of lunar exploration, the Apollo era, there were a number of analyses of LTPs, see Ref. 3 to 7.
VII. What Do LTPs Tell Us About the Moon?
In none of these LTPs were there evidences of major vulcanism, only small volumes of gas [perhaps a volume of 1000 cubic meters at 1 atm. pressure] and glows, with exposed lava covering small areas [perhaps 100-1000 square meters exposed]. And the fact that these phenomena last only seconds or hours, also shows a small scale of activity. These phenomena were concentrated in a few areas. Many occurred near Aristarchus, the brightest crater on the Moon. And these phenomena were found primarily around the edges of the lunar plains, where there is other evidence of vulcanism, including lava domes, fissures, and lava flows. These associations suggest that lunar vulcanism is indeed real, but on a very small scale compared to Earth. So it appears that the Moon does indeed have significant residual vulcanism.
VIII. Pre-Apollo Models of a Cooling Moon.
Most astronomers suppose that the Earth and the Moon, are some 4.5 billions of years old. With an assumed initial chemical composition and temperature, astronomers modeled lunar cooling. Before the Apollo Moon missions conventional theory held that the Moon had cooled off billions of years ago, and should now have absolutely no vulcanism. Conventional theory in the pre-Apollo period, said the Moon is long dead, an old cold Moon.
IX. The Apollo Missions Contribution.
But during the Apollo program instruments left by the astronauts on the Moon recorded occasional moonquakes [Ref. 8, p61] unexpected for a totally dead and solid Moon. And instruments in lunar orbit measured the amount of radioactive Radon 222 being released by the Moon, a product of the decay of radioactive uranium, Radon 222 showed maxima over the lunar craters Aristarchus and Grimaldi, and over the edges of the lunar basins, just as would be expected if the Moon is releasing significant quantities of gas in vulcanism [Ref. 8, p394]. And during the Apollo missions there were even more LTP observations by experienced observers, and one event confirmed by astronauts in orbit around the Moon.
X. Post-Apollo Models of a Cooling Moon.
In the post-Apollo era scientists have been forced to at least somewhat revise their models. Current models suppose that the Moon was in a mostly molten state early in its 4.5 billion year history, [Ref. 8, p280-282], and that over time the Moon has cooled until it is now nearly all solid, to a depth of about 1000 km, there perhaps being some residual molten material deep in the Moon. The Moon has supposedly been mostly cold and nearly all solid for some billions of years. So the theory still supposes an old cold Moon.
XI. A Clear Conflict Between Cooling Models and Observations.
If the Moon were indeed solid to a depth of 1000 km [92% of volume solid], as is now supposed [Ref. 8 p261 & p282], then there would likely be no lava flows and no fire fountains, no significant vulcanism on the Moon. A solid Moon should have no significant vulcanism at all. Yet there is abundant credible evidence of just such significant vulcanism, 1) in the LTPs, [including the analysis noted above by Hartmann and Harris], 2) in the measures of moonquakes, and 3) in the Moon orbiting measures of Radon 222. So the cooling models say no vulcanism, but the observations say something different.
XII. NASA Considers the Threat of Lunar Vulcanism.
Yes, conventional theory both before and after the Apollo missions supposed a Moon with no significant vulcanism. But when it came time to send men to the Moon, NASA scientists saw lunar vulcanism as a real threat to the Apollo Moon missions. NASA scientists realized that if there were a major volcanic event anywhere on the Moon, while astronauts were in orbit around the Moon, then such an eruption could pose a major risk to the astronauts. With the weak lunar gravity and the extremely thin almost nonexistent atmosphere on the Moon, a major eruption could throw gas, dust, mineral grains, even rocks great distances. Debris might then cross the orbits of the astronauts as they circle the Moon at a speed of a little over one mile/sec (about 3700 mi/hr, or 6000 km/hr). A collision with even a sand grain at such high speed might have disastrous consequences.
A major eruption might also threaten astronauts landed on the Moon, for some rocks might be thrown far enough to come crashing down on astronauts during their explorations.
XIII. NASA Catalogues Hundreds of Lunar Transient Events!
In preparation for the Apollo missions NASA scientists verified and catalogued nearly six hundred lunar transient events, observed over the last four hundred years [Ref 1]. This was done in an effort to identify regions on the Moon where lunar activity might occur, so that ongoing observations could monitor the situation, and with the idea in mind of selecting landing zones away from those potentially active regions. In that case the threat to the astronauts could be evaluated and minimized. And this was done while seeking to identify and enlist the volunteer efforts of the then active lunar observers, both professionals and amateurs.
XIV. NASA Takes Action.
So NASA in the mid-1960’s began to set up and coordinate a volunteer network of experienced lunar observers, in several funded programs. [These included Project Moon Blink and Operation LION, the Lunar International Observers Network] And the Smithsonian Institution, through its Center for Short Lived Phenomena, maintained communications with observers, kept track of ongoing observations, and prepared to evaluate the threat level to the astronauts. NASA also funded a number of symposia and meetings of observers to encourage their participation in the effort.
XV. Hundreds of Observers Watch During the Apollo Missions.
This network of volunteer observers, more than 120 observatories world wide, forty in the U.S alone, watched the Moon continuously for volcanic activity during Apollo 8, 10, 11, 12, & 13. This was a major effort aggressively promoted by NASA and widely publicized. I [Dr. Daniel Harris, then a graduate student at U. of Ariz.] was one of those observers. During most missions about twenty credible LTP events were recorded, mostly in the Aristarchus region.
During some missions weather precluded observation, but during Apollo 10, clear skies permitted Dr. Harris to make four LTP observations, including three confirmed brightenings of Aristarchus, all reported to NASA through the Smithsonian and Operation LION. During Apollo 11, astronauts Aldrin and Armstrong reported a brightening in Aristarchus during their first lunar orbit, confirming several ground based telescopic reports.
XVI. NASA Evaluates the Observations.
Thus the observations during the early Apollo missions did indeed confirm the reality of LTPs, but none of the phenomena reported during the missions were deemed dangerous enough to modify any of the Apollo missions. And although the LTPs were still thought by some to be of scientific value, lunar vulcanism was no longer considered a significant threat to the astronauts, and so NASA, at the time of Apollo 13, cut off funding for Operation LION, and the LTP observing network.
XVII. Orthodoxy Overrules Observations.
At the same time that NASA cut off funding to LION, the NASA party line on lunar vulcanism changed abruptly, making any suggestion of current lunar vulcanism taboo. The lid was on. NASA was no longer a friend of LTP observers. Some researchers who had received funding in the pre-Apollo era, suggested that existing data showed that volatile gases might be available on the Moon, either at volcanic sites or by deep drilling. These researchers had suggested that the availability of lunar volatile gases might make a lunar base viable, or that volatiles might fuel rockets based on the Moon, were told that no further funding would be forthcoming, all such work was quickly quashed.
Those of us who had volunteered our time and contributed to this serious research effort, those of us who believed in, and who had seen numerous evidences of lunar vulcanism, were amazed at how quickly and how forcefully the advocates of an old cold Moon squashed all dissent. In the conferences that surveyed the results of the Apollo missions, the old cold Moon was again and again reasserted, until everyone understood what they must say, “the Moon is old and cold and dead.” This they learned to say regardless of the accumulated weight of observations. The orthodox theoretical framework of a Moon billions of years old, and long cold, became the mantra of the planetary sciences. It did not matter that the observations had confirmed lunar activity, the weight of authority and orthodoxy overruled the observations!
XVIII. But We Know Better!
Regardless of the orthodoxy imposed by NASA and the National Science Foundation, the observations have demonstrated that the Moon indeed still displays significant though minimal vulcanism, and this shows that the Moon may not be so nearly solid throughout most of its volume. There are regions of the Moon where there is significant melting at shallow depths. This is not what we would expect for a Moon billions of years old. Indeed lunar vulcanism suggest that the Moon may not be billions of years at all.
XIX. Astronomers Predict Cold Non-Magnetic Small Bodies.
Before there was space exploration, astronomers speculated about the origin, history and internal structure of the small rocky bodies of the solar system; these include our Moon, the planets Mercury and Mars, and the major moons of the Jupiter and Saturn. Astronomers supposed that the solar system formed about 4.5 billion years ago, with all the small rocky bodies molten inside. And they calculated that these bodies, even with significant internal heat supplied by radioactive decay, and/or tidal friction [for the moons of the major planets] would have cooled off inside very quickly. So all these small rocky bodies should now be cold inside.
Astronomers and geophysicists [in the 1950’s and 60’s and today] also supposed that the magnetic field of the Earth is a result of electric currents in molten material deep within the Earth. On this basis astronomers supposed that if a planetary body is to have a measurable magnetic field, then it must have at least some molten metallic material inside. So astronomers expected, that the small bodies of the solar system, being old and cold and solid inside, would not have significant magnetic fields.
XX. The Old Solar System Model Finally Tested.
But when spacecraft explored these bodies, astronomers were very surprised to discover that both Mercury and Mars have significant magnetic fields; particularly Mars, which for its size, has a magnetic field about 4% as strong as the Earth (see note). The significant magnetic field of Mars suggests that Mars may have a molten core, which may be telling us that Mars is not billions of years old after all. Here again predictions based on the evolutionary idea of an ancient solar system have proved false. The weak vulcanism of the Earth’s Moon, and the magnetic field of Mars, both suggest that the solar system may not be billions of years old. Are there other indicators?
XXI. How Old Are the Rings of the Outer Planets?
In the 1950’s before spacecraft visited the outer planets, astronomers thought that only Saturn had rings. And most astronomers then supposed that the rings of Saturn were left over from the time when the solar system formed, which they took to be some 4.5 billion years ago. We now know that Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune, all the giant outer planets, have ring systems. Study of these ring systems, using new giant ground based telescopes, photos by spacecraft, and stellar occultation data, show that all these ring systems are made of small independently orbiting particles, which often collide with one another. Infrared studies and occultations of stars by the rings show that most particles in the rings are an inch or smaller in size. And computer simulations show that frequent collisions between the particles, grind them into smaller and smaller sizes, producing many dust sized particles. In fact the rings of Uranus are mostly dust sized particles. And in the case of Saturn’s rings, the occasional appearance of dark nearly radial bands, called spokes, which change and drift and slowly dissipate, is now understood as consequence of dust grain sized particles disturbed by changes in the electric and magnetic field of Saturn. The abundance of dust sized particles shows that the rings of all the outer planets are being ground to pieces and should disappear over time.
Even though many astronomers don’t want to admit it, these ring systems are unstable and short lived. Astronomers have argued that the rings are kept in place by gravitational interactions with small shepherding moons. But there are a number of important gaps in this theory. For example, the inner edges of the three major rings of Saturn are all free to move inward. That is, the small shepherding moons of Saturn do not to stop ring particles from moving downward toward Saturn, and for the innermost ring, the particles are free to move downward until they burn up in Saturn’s atmosphere. And now reluctantly, ring experts are having to admit that the ring systems are unstable, and short lived, perhaps at most a few millions years old, very young compared to the supposed many billion year age of the solar system.
XXII. How Did the Rings Form?
If the rings are indeed of recent origin then it seems likely that the ring systems were produced when gravity forces tore apart small bodies as they came too close to the major planets. This idea would very nicely explain the character of the ring systems. If indeed the ring systems are unstable and short lived, then why do all of the major outer planets have rings at this time?
Many evolutionist astronomers argue that it is too much of a coincidence to find all the major planets with ring systems at the same time. They argue that ring systems must be long lived, and must be left over from the formation of the solar system. So they argue that the coincidence of all these planets with rings proves that the rings are old. But there is another possibility.
XXIII. A Recent Planetary Collision?
If some thousands of years ago, two planet sized bodies collided out in the space beyond the orbit of Mars, and one had lots of liquid water, (like Jupiter’s moon Europa) and the other was made of rock and metal, then that one collision could explain much of what we see in the solar system. That one collision would release water ice to fill the solar system, forming comets and planetary rings, and the debris cloud including many asteroid sized bodies, some made of ice and some made of rock and iron would move in orbits crossing the orbits of the planets. When those small bodies encountered the planets some of them would have been torn apart making rings, and others small bodies would have crashed into the orbiting debris, being then slowed enough to fall into orbit. 9;That one collision might explain the planetary rings systems,the peculiar tiny satellites of Mars, the backward orbiting satellites of Jupiter, Saturn and Neptune, the asteroids between Mars and Jupiter, and the comets (which are known to be rapidly disintegrating). And it might even explain why, at one time, Mars had water on its surface, forming rivers and lakes. 9;The ice may also have fallen on planet Earth at the time of the flood, contributing substantially to the water descending from the atmosphere. To explain much of what we see in the solar system, and perhaps trigger the flood, with one recent event seems preferable to explaining each phenomenon separately as astronomers do now.
XXIV. A Young Earth? Yes!
The Moon shows evidence of weak volcanism, the smaller rocky bodies of the solar system show signs of being molten inside, and the ring systems of Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune are likely unstable and young. Together these evidences show that the solar system is young, perhaps at most a few millions of years old. #9;If the solar system and the Earth are only a few million years old, then where did the many life forms on Earth come from? #9;Evolutionists tell us that evolution took many hundreds of millions of years. But if the Earth is not nearly that old, then evolution has not had enough time to do its magic. So we must conclude, therefore, that the many life forms on planet Earth were created, not evolved. And since there was a creation, there must be a creator.
XXV. Meet The Creator!
I have been blessed to have a personal and ongoing encounter with this creator. His name is Jesus and it is He who spoke the worlds into existence, just as the Bible tells us. And He cares very much for you. 9;That old belief in evolution, that many of us once held, is just one of many sins, which denied the Deity and goodness of our creator. But Jesus is ready to forgive us. I ask you to seek Him, and seek His forgiveness, and to seek His will for you today.
Click here for release to Christ.
Note: The total magnetic moment of Mercury is about 1/20,000 that of the Earth. But Mercury has a mass 0.055 that of Earth. When this factor is included, the relative strength of Mercury’s magnetic field is about 1/1000 that of the Earth. The total magnetic moment of Mars is about 1/250 that of the Earth. But Mars has a mass 0.107 that of Earth. When this factor is included, the relative strength of Mars’ magnetic field is about 1/27 that of the Earth.
Ref.1 NASA TR R-277, July 1968, “Chronological Catalog of Reported Lunar Events,” by Barbara M. Middlehurst, Jaylee M. Burley, Patrick Moore, and Barbara L Welther, Publ. by NASA, Washington DC.
Ref.2 Smithsonian Institution Center for Short Lived Phenomena Report, “Comparative Analysis of Observations of Lunar Transient Phenomena,” by Winifred S. Cameron, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, October 1971, Pub. by Smithsonian Institution Center for Short Lived Phenomena
Ref. 3 Publications of the Lunar and Planetary Lab. [U. of Ariz.] vol, 7. part 3, #121, “Lunar Volcanic Eruptions Near Aristarchus,” by W.K. Hartmann and D.H. Harris, July 26, 1968.
Ref. 4 “Apparent Lunar Activity: Historical Review,” by J. Burley and B.M. Middlehurst, Proc. Nat. Acad. of Sci., vol. 55, #5, p1007-1011, May 1966.
Ref. 5 “The 1963 Aristarchus Events,” by James C. Greenacre, Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., vol. 123, Article 2, p811-816.
Ref. 6 “An Analysis of Lunar Events,” by Barabara M. Middlehurst, Reviews of Geophysics, vol. 5, #2, p173-189.
Ref. 7 “Lunar Transient Phenomena: Topographical Distribution,” by Barbara M. Middlehurst and Patrick A. Moore, Science, vol. 155, #3761, p449-451, Jan 27, 1967.
Ref. 8 “Moon and Planets” by William K. Hartmann, Sec. Ed., Wadsworth, Belmont, CA (1983).
|
<urn:uuid:f4e212fe-1b64-4249-acf4-52a36ffdb704>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-23
|
https://www.drtruth.org/infinity-11-rings-and-rocks/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224646144.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20230530194919-20230530224919-00684.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.946802 | 5,629 | 2.875 | 3 |
Tuesday, May 24, 2011
Penternakan Ayam Penelur (English Version)
Farm waste includes rubbish, floor litter, dead birds, birds waste and broken eggs. These farm waste will be a good breeding site for flies, attract predators bringing along diseases and cause unpleasant smell. If it is not manage systematically it will affect the environment and leads to diseases in birds.
Location and Housing
For effective, productive, maximum output and continuity, choosing suitable farm location and building of sheds as well as good management are important. Society sensitivity to environment and quality product for health and life has resulted in regu;lations that should be obeyed by the industry.
Choosing a suitable farm location is important. The important factors in choosing the farm location are:
The area should be far from the town and housing areas.
Good communication facilities.
Far from other farms
Flat area with good irrigation system
The shed built should provide a pleasant environment to the birds and workers as well as economical cost.
The materials used should be of good quality to reduce maintenance cost, durable, easy to clean and do not absorb heat.
Trees and other infrastructures around the shed should not obstruct air ventilation.
The shed design should facilitate clean air ventilation.
The shed design should enable workers to work efficiently in the shed, collecting eggs and removing the farm wastes.
Disease will reduce productivity from the increase in cost of operation from drug usage, mortality, effects on growth, production as well as the quality of eggs produced. Disease control such as biosecurity and vaccination should be done as scheduled. Regulations must be followed in the use of drugs for treatments to ensure that drug residues do not occur in the eggs. Do not use illegal drugs. The right usage of drugs will prevent the development of drug resistance.
Good Animal Husbandry Practices
Enforcing good farming practice in farm planning, disease control and daily management will improve farm productivity, minimise cost, maximise output, environment and good product quality. This will increase customers' confidence, increase marketing opportunity and ensure farm stability.
Some new technologies have been introduced in poultry egg production. The use of these tecnologies reduce manpower requirements and increase farm output.
Closed housing with controlled ventilation will provide cool and pleasant environment to the birds. Cost of investment is higher due to facilities for cooling, environmental controlas well as electricity cost. As chickens require only a small floor space, more birds can be housed. A close house system will aid in effective controlling of diseases especially those brought by wild birds and animals. Among the methods used are evaporative cooling system and tunnel ventilation. This type of housing system requires expertise in management and maintainence.
Automation used include dispensing of feed and drink, debeaking, collection, packing and grading of eggs and waste disposal.
About 90 per cent of production is for the local market. All eggs are marketed in the form of shell-egg. Eggs are mainly marketted through wholesalers and a small part to retailers who come to the farm. Besides that, eggs are used by food processing plants such as bakeries and coconut jam producers.
Poultry Egg Prices
In Malaysia, eggs are marketed based on grades. Eggs are graded based on weight. The grades are AA, A,B,C,D,E and F :
AA more than 70 gram
A 65-70 gram
B 60-65 gram
C 55-60 gram
D 50-55 gram
E 45-50 gram
F less than 45 gram
Percentage of each grade produced depends on breed and management. The average percentage of grade is as below:
Average Chicken Egg Prices ( sen / egg )
AA A B C D E F
1996 18.02 17.52 16.98 16.33 15.33 14.33
1997 17.65 17.16 16.55 15.78 14.78 13.78 11.10
1998 18.52 17.83 16.94 16.16 15.21 14.21 13.21
1999 19.59 19.09 18.55 18.03 17.53 16.53 15.53
It is important to reduce heat and stress during transportation of chicks. Chicks exposed to stress may experience high mortality, stunted growth, affect body resistant and easily infected by diseases. Delivery of chicks to buyers should use well ventilated vehicles. Eggs shold be handled with care to prevent breakage. The use of good transportation system and good egg trays will reduce this problem. To maintain good quality eggs, transportation should have good ventilation systems especially with refrigeration.
About 8 – 11 percent of eggs produced are exported. All eggs are exported in the form of shell-egg. The main market is Singapore. To penetrate the export market, a farm should satisfy the stated requirements of the importing countries such as veterinary sanitation, quality assurance and disease status as well as price and product competitiveness.
Chicken Egg Exports ('000 metric tonne)
1996 1997 1998 1999
33,403 40,244 27,494 34,800
Maklumat Pertanian - Ternakan, Tanaman, Perikanan & Agrotourism
Sekadar Info,Rujukan dan Ilmu.
|
<urn:uuid:af668f0f-fd35-4563-9825-94dc55ac497b>
|
CC-MAIN-2013-48
|
http://industriayam.blogspot.com/2011/05/broiler-chicken-farming.html
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-48/segments/1386164964633/warc/CC-MAIN-20131204134924-00049-ip-10-33-133-15.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.920042 | 1,086 | 3.28125 | 3 |
Published June 2009. Revised January 2014.
Offers basic facts about stimulant ADHD medications—methylphenidate and amphetamines—including their role in the treatment of ADHD, their affect on the brain, and the extent of abuse.
Published March 2010. Revised January 2014.
Provides facts about the stimulant drug methamphetamine, including how it affects the brain, other adverse health effects, possible treatment options, and trends and data on its use among youth.
Published January 2014. Revised January 2014.
Presents research-based principles of adolescent substance use disorder treatment; covers treatment for a variety of drugs including, illicit and prescription drugs, alcohol, and tobacco; presents settings and evidence-based approaches unique to treating adolescents.
Published December 2013.
Encourages people to test their knowledge about drug abuse and addiction by asking them to take a 12-question quiz. Accompanying answers shed light on the science of drug abuse.
Published June 2009. Revised May 2013.
Provides an overview of commonly abused prescription drugs—opioids, central nervous system depressants, and stimulants—and explains how they affect the brain, treatments available, and reported use.
Revised April 2013.
Offers an overview of salvia, an herb common to southern Mexico, Central, and South America. Discusses potential health and behavioral effects resulting from its abuse and the extent of use among youth.
Published January 2011. Revised December 2012.
Provides information about spice, a family of herbal mixtures that produce effects similar to that of marijuana, including how it is used, potential health effects, and public health concerns.
|
<urn:uuid:843302c2-a787-425e-9ac0-d40a32bcd850>
|
CC-MAIN-2014-15
|
http://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/term/52/Students/date
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-15/segments/1397609535745.0/warc/CC-MAIN-20140416005215-00455-ip-10-147-4-33.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.921619 | 334 | 3.0625 | 3 |
Consumers of seed products expect healthy, disease-free seeds for plant propagation. A qualitative development guide for seed quality management practices was created by ASTA in July 2010. The guide follows Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) principles, and includes eight modules that span the seed production pathway from incorporation of a seed into a breeding program to commercial seed production and sale.
However, lacking international phytosanitary standards, seed companies routinely and freely establish their own diverse Quality Management (QM) practices that are expected to reduce the risk of contamination. This variability across the seed industry can lead to an unpredictable seed trade environment, further strained if phythosanitary issues are not quickly identified.
ASTA, in collaboration with North Carolina State University and Iowa State University, under a Technical Assistance for Specialty Crops grant from USDA, created a Phyto-Risk Model to quantify each step in the Seed Production Pathway, and asses how practices will affect phytosanitary risks.
Looking for a shorter version? Check out this two-minute teaser video!
|
<urn:uuid:ab54fa3d-0857-45de-ab2d-418b909d1722>
|
CC-MAIN-2020-34
|
https://www.betterseed.org/phyto-risk-model/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-34/segments/1596439739347.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20200814160701-20200814190701-00114.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.906635 | 221 | 2.84375 | 3 |
This study investigates the interface of power and politeness in the realization of disagreements in naturalistic language data. Power and politeness are important phenomena in face-to-face interaction. Disagreement is an arena in which these two key concepts are likely to be observed together. Both disagreement and the exercise of power entail a conflict. At the same time, conflict will often be softened by the display of politeness. The material for analysis comes from three different contexts: (1) a sociable argument in an informal, supportive, and interactive family setting; (2) a business meeting among colleagues at a research institution; and (3) examples from public discourse collected during the US Election in 2000.
Powell's City of Books is an independent bookstore in Portland, Oregon, that fills a whole city block with more than a million new, used, and out of print books. Shop those shelves — plus literally millions more books, DVDs, and eBooks — here at Powells.com.
|
<urn:uuid:d44dced0-4af3-45bf-9847-70cdd9e8dc12>
|
CC-MAIN-2013-48
|
http://www.powells.com/biblio?isbn=9783110180060
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-48/segments/1386163056120/warc/CC-MAIN-20131204131736-00015-ip-10-33-133-15.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.931479 | 200 | 2.515625 | 3 |
Davidson Institute - Getting Started for Parents
|Is my child gifted? There are many definitions of giftedness and equally as many ways to formally identify whether or not a child is gifted. The best place to start is to determine whether or not your child demonstrates the following characteristics:
- an extreme need for constant mental stimulation
- an ability to learn and process complex information rapidly
- a need to explore subjects in surprising depth
- an insatiable curiosity, as demonstrated by endless questions and inquiries.
What kinds of educational options are available for gifted students? There are many options to consider based on the unique needs of the individual student. Since there is no federal mandate for gifted programs, there is significant variability in the content and quality of gifted programs offered throughout the United States.
Even if there’s not a gifted program available in your child’s school or district, there are a number of things you can do to create opportunities for him or her. Educational advocacy is a big part of parenting a gifted child. We recommend reading:
|Should I have my child tested to determine his/her IQ? Having a child tested solely to assign a number to his/her abilities is not recommended, particularly in very young children. Rather, it makes the most sense to have an assessment in order to inform educational placement and to identify relative strengths and weaknesses that play a role in how well a child processes information.|
An optimal testing experience will include both IQ and achievement tests, as well as other relevant tests, which will help to determine the most appropriate academic placement, and provide a greater understanding of the child’s overall intellectual abilities.
You may find these articles helpful:
How do I parent my gifted child? While there is not one prescribed “best method” for parenting a gifted child, there are certain strategies that work well for exceptionally bright children. The articles listed below offer ideas you may find beneficial. The Tips for Parents articles touch on a number of challenges common to this population, which you may encounter in raising your gifted child. Examples include perfectionism, difficulty finding intellectual peers, and a constant need for mental stimulation.
You may wish to continue your reading by searching our online Davidson Gifted Database. In addition, connecting with other parents of gifted children can provide support and insight to help you along the journey. Check with your local state gifted association in our Gifted Education State Policy Database to find local families or read about the Davidson Young Scholars program for profoundly intelligent young people.
Email this Page
|
<urn:uuid:98810d69-2ed9-4734-b9af-ac469b3122bb>
|
CC-MAIN-2014-41
|
http://www.davidsongifted.org/Article/Davidson_Institute___Getting_Started_for_Parents_313.aspx
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-41/segments/1410657116650.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20140914011156-00076-ip-10-196-40-205.us-west-1.compute.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.931008 | 513 | 3.4375 | 3 |
To change their buoyancy and move up and down in the water, fish inflate an internal organ called the swim bladder. Some fish, such as herring, must surface and gulp air in order to fill their swim bladders with oxygen. Other fish, which are able to submerge for much longer periods and thus reach greater depths, are able to use oxygen from their blood in order to inflate the swim bladder, thanks to a specific type of protein known as Root-effect hemoglobin.
Michael Berenbrink of the University of Liverpool and his colleagues traced the evolution of this protein in a variety of species, from sharks to dolphinfish, and found that it evolved just once. The emergence of the protein then allowed for the formation of a complex network of veins and arteries, called the rete mirabile, which supported the creatures' retinas and allowed the fish to see better. The rete mirabile also appears to have evolved only once, about 250 million years ago. The capillaries that support the swim bladder and allow oxygen to be delivered to it appeared about 100 million years later.
The swim bladder itself, however, arose independently in four different fish groups, Berenbrink and his collaborators report in the current issue of the journal Science. The team proposes that the evolution of the swim bladder accounts for part of the huge diversity of form and function in living fishes. For example, there are 198 species of Mormyroidea fish, all of which have swim bladders, yet there are only eight species of their close relatives, the Notopteridae, which lack the complex organ.
|
<urn:uuid:3fd0e11b-44af-46de-a3c8-98ed44e276be>
|
CC-MAIN-2014-23
|
http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/fish-diversity-tied-to-ev/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-23/segments/1405997900573.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20140722025820-00040-ip-10-33-131-23.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.962613 | 333 | 4.125 | 4 |
Visual Design Basics for Non-Designers
[Resources and Homework]
Learn a bit more about the topics mentioned below and create slides to represent what you learned. You may compile all your slides into a single slide deck.
- [1 slide] A bit about creative common licenses. Try to capture the main points into a single illustration.
- [2-4 slides] A bit more about text design: Ligature, kerning, and font families etc.
- [2-4 slides] A bit more about color theory e.g. Warm colors, cool colors, primary colors, saturation etc.
- [1 slide] Redesign the Boeing slide to make it more effective. That is, not to bury the lead.
- [2 slides] Take two slides from one of your past presentations and improve them based on what you learned from this talk. Include both ‘before’ and ‘after’ slides.
You may email Damith any queries regarding the above exercise.
|
<urn:uuid:4a2dbf93-3286-4b81-8020-cbf0b2732698>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-39
|
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1lRIZYAIHARVkqX6OL_dtkrVWEGRvuBBzZDZ34flo1Ks/pub?embedded=true
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-39/segments/1505818687702.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20170921063415-20170921083415-00677.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.884029 | 209 | 2.515625 | 3 |
Changing the Way Patients Think About “Health Care”
While attending medical school in the Wild West it becomes readily apparent that health care in the western part of this country is much more prevention oriented than here on the East Coast. Of the 7 Naturopathic Medical Colleges in the entire United States and Canada, only one Naturopathic Doctorate program is in the eastern United States: Bridgeport Connecticut.
The Southwest College of Naturopathic Medicine is in Arizona, near many Native American reservations. Living there along with medicine and prevention one learns about Native American societies and what American culture has learned from them. Democracy was learned from the Native Americans. However, the Matriarchal nature of these native societies was not adopted by the immigrants from other countries. Patriarchal societies tend to be more capitalist in nature, while matriarchal societies tend to be more community oriented. Capitalism is not one of the societal practices of the Native Americans. Hording material goods is actually frowned upon in the tribal communities. Commitment to the Community was and is how the Native America societies operate. Even today benefits from the casinos on the reservations are shared by the entire tribe, not just one millionaire mogul. Maybe we didn’t learn that lesson so well.
Training in medicine on the reservation was handle much the same as most medical training before medical schools and pharmaceutical companies became part of the landscape. The experienced doctors trained the young interns for many years. The medicines that were discovered as effective over many centuries were passed down.
Native Americans also use a different teaching method. They used what is referred to as a community or posse teaching technique. Students are put together in groups depending on their individual strengths and weaknesses. Good math students who may be shy are put together with weaker math students that excel in communications. They teach and support each other as a group, or community, not just as an individual student. The students learn a stronger community comes from a integrating each other’s strengths. It isn’t a competition as many American schools are. It is a community effort for the community to benefit from all the students skills combined. The integrated skills of the group are stronger than one person knowing one skill.
In today’s Naturopathic Medical Schools, medicine from many cultures, including what is often called “Western” Medicine or “traditional” medicine is taught to the students of Naturopathic medicine. The types of medicines are often referred to as modalities. From botanical medicine of the Native Americans and many other cultures as far back as Hippocrates, to Acupuncture from Traditional Chinese Medicine, Homeopathy, physical medicine such as chiropractic and massage therapy are all taught at the Naturopathic Medical schools. It is an education of many types of medicines found to be effective through a millennium of medical practices and across many cultures. Naturopathic Medical students learn that a posse of practitioners using each other’s strengths for treating patients is more effective than having one individual practitioner, with one philosophy and one type of education and only one treatment modality.
Written by Dr. Ann Aresco, the founder of ProNatural Physicians Group in Berlin. Our medical practice consists of NDs who are trained in Naturopathic and traditional medicine. We care for the patient, focusing on overall health, wellness and prevention. ProNatural Physicians Group also includes a Registered Dietitian, counseling, massage therapy, acupuncture and a full line of nutritional supplements.
|
<urn:uuid:7807c910-fa7d-4e27-b716-63bb95f58086>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-14
|
https://pronaturalwellness.com/changing-the-way-patients-think-about-health-care/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296949701.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20230401063607-20230401093607-00568.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.966206 | 702 | 2.78125 | 3 |
Abraham Lincoln's World
Written by Genevieve Foster
1940 Newbery Honor Title
Published by Beautiful Feet Books
Originally published in 1944, Foster earned her reputation by her masterful display of "horizontal history" telling the story of world events in the geo-political sphere, while giving as much importance to advances in science, medicine, music, literature, and exploration. Thus, while Abe Lincoln was a boy romping the woods of Kentucky, Thomas Jefferson was completing his eighth year as president, George III reigned in Great Britain and Napolean was about to meet his Waterloo. Beethoven and Sir Walter Scott were at the height of their creative powers, while Victor Hugo was staging plays at school. By the time Lincoln was old enough to help his father chop wood, other young boys and girls were being prepared for the future parts they would play. Harriet Beecher was reading anything she could get her hands on, Charles Darwin was collecting toads, crabs and shells, and the impoverished boy Dickens was working in a shoe blacking factory in London. When Lincoln opened his shop in Salem, David Livingstone was opening up deepest Africa, and thousands of Americans were opening up the West on the Oregon Trail. The spirit of freedom was moving around the globe as the abolitionist movement gained power in the States and serfdom saw its demise in Russia. Technologically the world was bursting with the invention of the telegraph, the railroad and the steamboat. With her whimsical and informative illustrations and timelines Foster has magnificently captured a remarkable age and a remarkable man.
|
<urn:uuid:0426a6cc-9960-4b30-a54d-bda9d570e7e0>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-39
|
http://smallfrybooks.com/book/11/abraham-lincoln-s-world
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-39/segments/1505818688103.0/warc/CC-MAIN-20170922003402-20170922023402-00719.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.981756 | 321 | 3.328125 | 3 |
Volume 1, Issue 2 (1972)
The Contribution of Psychotherapy to School Psychology
Although clinical psychology has for many years made a significant contribution to education and to school psychology particularly in the realm of diagnosis and testing-the science (if it is a science) of psychotherapy has been much less influential. The Freudians have still not figured out an effective way of adapting their theories to emotional education; the Rogerians and encounter devotees have been far more successful with college level groups than with younger pupils; and the Adlerians have probably been the most successful with applying their principles to classroom practices, but have still not made phenomenal inroads into the school system.
NASP Members Log in
to download article.
|
<urn:uuid:7beb03fb-6306-4adc-b558-dcf3a1f8723f>
|
CC-MAIN-2014-35
|
http://www.nasponline.org/publications/spr/abstract.aspx?ID=15
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-35/segments/1408500824209.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20140820021344-00271-ip-10-180-136-8.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.963909 | 146 | 2.78125 | 3 |
Asian carbon tax debate set to warm up
Updated: 2012-06-15 10:10
By Karl Wilson (China Daily)
Zeng Jiquan, a vegetable expert in Ganxian county, Jiangxi province, has helped local farmers to kill insects with solar-powered device instead of using pesticides. [Photo/Xinhua]
Countries in the region examine ways to lead a greener lifestyle, reports Karl Wilson in Sydney.
The carbon tax has become one of the most politically divisive and bitterly fought tax reforms of this century and governments around the world, and in particular Asia, are debating the issue.
In an attempt to cut carbon emissions and reduce the effects of global warming, many countries are implementing green growth policies and introducing reforms to reduce dependence on fossil fuels
On July 1, Australia will introduce a carbon tax. India already has a nationwide carbon tax of 50 rupees (90 US cents) per metric ton on coal.
Since the devastating earthquake and tsunami that hit Japan in March 2011 and the subsequent environmental disaster at the Fukushima nuclear power plant, Tokyo has been reassessing its entire energy policy.
South Korea has made low carbon, green growth a national priority while countries such as Malaysia, Singapore, Vietnam and Thailand are all pursuing their own policy objectives.
A new report by the United Nations Economic and Social Commission (ESCAP) for Asia and the Pacific is recommending that developing Asia-Pacific countries introduce a $10 a ton carbon dioxide tax on major greenhouse emission polluters, such as coal-fired power stations.
It is expected that many governments will wait and see what impact Australia's carbon tax has before making any firm decision.
The controversial tax has divided Australia since its proposal. When it comes into effect next month, around 500 of the country's biggest emitters of carbon pollution (carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and fluorocarbons from aluminum smelting) will be required to pay, via a permit system, a tax of A$23 ($22.60) on every ton of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere.
The tax is believed to be the highest in the world - much higher than Europe, where it ranges from $8.70 to $12.60, according to a BBC report.
Industries that will be most affected by the Australian tax include electricity generation, stationary energy production, mining, business transport, waste and industrial processing.
Increasing power bills
Australia's federal opposition leader, Tony Abbott, has said repeatedly that the tax will increase consumers' power bills and cost jobs, especially in the coal mining and electricity industries.
Abbot has called the tax "economic madness" and has vowed to repeal the legislation if elected in polls due next year.
"It's a tax increase pretending to be an environmental policy," he said.
Business groups and the mining industry also believe the tax is flawed. They argue it will cost Australia valuable resource contracts, which will go instead to emerging resource states in Africa and South America.
"Australia has lost its manufacturing, all but lost its agriculture, tourism is gone and pretty soon, we will lose our mining industry. The carbon tax is the final nail in the coffin," said Bob Katter, an independent member of parliament from north Queensland.
Prime Minister Julia Gillard has dismissed the critics, saying the tax will be "good for Australia and Australians", while Tony Wood, energy program director with the Grattan Institute, an independent Melbourne-based public policy think tank, believes much of the criticism against the carbon tax is "overstated".
A carbon tax will have only a minor impact on costs and competitiveness - much smaller than other factors, such as exchange rates, labor market costs and fuel prices, said Wood, arguing that "Many industries will pass on their costs to their customers".
And some businesses have already signaled higher prices. The Australian national carrier Qantas has said it will charge passengers between $1.82 and $6.86 extra on a one-way ticket to cover the cost of the carbon tax.
Shane Oliver, chief economist at the investment company AMP Capital, also believed the economic impact of the tax is unlikely to be large. "Over time, with a price put on carbon pollution, investment in clean energy and growth in clean industries will likely offset reduced investment and slower growth in dirty-energy sectors.
"Businesses and households will use the price signal from the carbon price to reduce energy consumption," he said.
The government will spend half the revenue earned by the tax to compensate households for higher electricity and other living costs that polluters pass on. Another 40 percent of the revenue will be used to help industries lower their costs by switching to cleaner forms of energy, if they face competition from untaxed foreign competitors.
About A$10 billion will be invested over five years in wind, solar and other renewable energy sources and Australia aims by 2050 to cut its emissions by 80 percent from the levels recorded in 2000.
A study by the Tokyo-based Asian Development Bank Institute estimates that Asia currently accounts for 27 percent of the world's energy-related emissions, a figure that is likely to increase to 40 percent by 2030.
The ADBI said that Asia's urban population is expected to double by 2050 from the current 1.6 billion people living in urban centers.
Asia is now at a crossroads in its development, concluded ESCAP in its Low Carbon Green Growth Road Map for Asia and the Pacific report. It said that while high levels of economic growth have lifted millions out of poverty in recent years, the region's political leaders will need to rethink their strategies if growth is to be maintained.
"The region has to embrace a new growth strategy that can turn the trade-off between economic development and environmental protection into a win-win synergy in which going green drives economic growth," the report stated.
Meanwhile, "the Asia-Pacific region cannot achieve its development goals fully by following conventional growth strategies," according to Lorenzo Santucci, economic affairs officer (environment and development) with UN-ESCAP in Bangkok. "We think a carbon tax of $10 a ton is reasonable as there would be trade-offs," he said. "Where our proposal differs from the Australian model is that we recommend that a carbon tax be introduced while at the same time reducing other taxes."
Based on models used in countries such as the United Kingdom and Denmark, Santucci said, such a move will not only increase gross domestic product but also employment. "Our modeling has shown that a $10 a ton carbon dioxide tax in Asia, if accompanied by reductions in other taxes such as corporate tax, would help reduce global carbon emissions by 8 percent by 2020, while boosting economic growth by up to 2.8 percent," he pointed out.
According to Santucci, in European countries where environmental tax reforms have been introduced, there have been positive gains in GDP of as much as 0.5 percent, while fuel demand has fallen by 2.6 percent on average and emissions have decreased by 2 to 6 percent.
"The resource-intensive growth patterns of the region which have propelled the economic boom over the last decade cannot be sustained as they now stand," he said.
Meanwhile, the International Atomic Energy Agency has predicted that in spite of the uncertain short-term global economic outlook, demand for energy is expected to increase by more than 30 percent from 2010 to 2030.
The World Economic Forum has said that "business as usual is no longer an option".
"Unless we break the present link between growth and consumption of resources, some $2 trillion of global economic output could be lost by 2030," the WEF said earlier this year.
Global demand for metals such as copper and aluminum has doubled over the last 20 years, said the UN's International Panel for Sustainable Resource Management and has cautioned that unless future end-of-life recycling rates are dramatically increased, critical specialty and rare earth metals (such as lithium, neodymium and gallium) will become unavailable for use in modern technology.
According to ESCAP, the days of abundant resources and falling prices are over and has warned that resource constraints, price volatility and the climate crisis have removed business as usual as an option and urged governments to seriously re-examine resource- and carbon-intensive growth strategies.
"If our region is to sustain the high economic growth that we need to achieve our development goals, we must shift to a different growth trajectory," ESCAP said. "Regionally, we must improve resource efficiency and urgently set in motion a new economy in which improving efficiencies and investing in natural capital become the drivers of economic growth."
Contact the reporter at [email protected]
- Relief reaches isolated village
- Rainfall poses new threats to quake-hit region
- Funerals begin for Boston bombing victims
- Quake takeaway from China's Air Force
- Obama celebrates young inventors at science fair
- Earth Day marked around the world
- Volunteer team helping students find sense of normalcy
- Ethnic groups quick to join rescue efforts
Supplies pour into isolated villages
All-out efforts to save lives
Industry savior: Big boys' toys
Liaoning: China's oceangoing giant
Today's Top News
Health new priority for quake zone
Xi meets US top military officer
Japan's boats driven out of Diaoyu
China mulls online shopping legislation
Bird flu death toll rises to 22
Putin appoints new ambassador to China
Japanese ships blocked from Diaoyu Islands
Inspired by Guan, more Chinese pick up golf
|
<urn:uuid:3e7d91ab-26a5-488f-bcfb-51c7c03012ad>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-14
|
http://usa.chinadaily.com.cn/business/2012-06/15/content_15504634.htm
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296946584.94/warc/CC-MAIN-20230326235016-20230327025016-00419.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.954722 | 2,029 | 2.625 | 3 |
The panel's decision, which it based on a review of published studies on the topic, lands cellphones on a list of possible carcinogens that includes the pesticide DDT and gasoline engine exhaust. But it has surprised experts outside the panel, who say the data on cellphone use and brain cancer is still inconclusive.
"In general, rating agencies such as this tend to be conservative by nature. They have to be," said Dr. Henry Friedman, deputy director of the Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center at Duke University Medical Center in Durham, N.C. "The reality is that all of the epidemiological studies that have been done to date have basically been negative."
An estimated 5 billion cellphone users represent nearly three-quarters of the world's population.
The cellphone-cancer conundrum has been a hot topic since shoe-size phones hit the scene in the late 1970s. Roughly 30 studies have failed to link the devices to cancer. But a large study last year found a slight, statistically insignificant increase in risk in a rare form of brain cancer called glioma among cellphone users. Another study out of the National Institutes of Health Research linked cellphone use to increased brain activity.
"While experimental evidence and very limited human studies suggest that we should be cautious, people should realize there are many things we are exposed to every day that also is classified by IARC as possibly carcinogenic," said Dr. Peter Shields, chief of Georgetown University Hospital's cancer genetics and epidemiology program in Washington, D.C. "The classification used by IARC for cellphones is the lowest of all the carcinogenic classes, and no one should think that cell phones pose the same risk as smoking and asbestos."
Working as a hairdresser is considered riskier than using a cellphone, according to the IARC's classification system, achieving "probable carcinogen" status. Other possible carcinogens include working as a dry cleaner or a firefighter. But the cellphone industry was quick to point out other possible carcinogens.
"IARC conducts numerous reviews and in the past has given the same score to, for example, pickled vegetables and coffee," John Walls, vice president of public affairs for CTIA: the Wireless Association, said in a statement. "This IARC classification does not mean cellphones cause cancer."
Epidemiological research on environmental factors and cancer risk is plagued by methodological pitfalls, such as subjects' bias in recalling previous exposures and insufficient follow-up time for a disease that can develop slowly, like cancer. A study examining cellphone use in the decade leading up to a cancer diagnosis, for example, might be unable to detect a connection if the disease were triggered 15 years ago.
"The only thing one could say is that maybe we need studies with a much longer follow-up period," Duke's Friedman said.
Nevertheless, some experts believe the evidence, inconclusive as it is, warrants caution. ABC News reached out to 92 physicians, 65 of whom said they would continue to hold their cellphones up to their ear, but 27 said they will use hands-free devices to minimize their risk.
|
<urn:uuid:892749f9-e5e6-418a-9509-b8aeb36e2aa4>
|
CC-MAIN-2014-10
|
http://abcnews.go.com/Health/CancerPreventionAndTreatment/cellphones-possibly-cancer-warns-worry/story?id=13726687
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-10/segments/1394021292989/warc/CC-MAIN-20140305120812-00080-ip-10-183-142-35.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.959448 | 634 | 2.953125 | 3 |
2 Preventing overtraining
In Session 4, you saw that athletes need to train at least five times a week for a medical practitioner to diagnose overtraining via the diagnostic flowchart. An athlete training five times a week represents a committed full-time athlete or recreational exerciser.
Activity 2 A simple stategy for preventing burnout
Watch the video at the link below of Harvard University women’s ice hockey coach Katey Stone (also the US women’s national team coach) in which she describes a simple strategy for preventing burnout amongst committed full-time athletes or exercisers. Notice how seriously university (college) sport is taken in the USA compared to in Europe. Identify three main reasons she gives for her strategy.
You should watch the whole video here [Tip: hold Ctrl and click a link to open it in a new tab. (Hide tip)] .
Stone’s determination to allow two full rest and recovery days for her athletes is largely explained as a way for them to get away from sport to be a ‘college kid’. From a social perspective of burnout, time off also allows the athletes to build their identity beyond sport which, as you have seen, is also an important preventative strategy. She also explains that she wants to prevent mental fatigue during a long season in which peak performance is needed in March. She reports that injury rates were considerably reduced after this strategy was introduced. You might term her approach a determined ‘time-off’ strategy.
If time off is combined with physiological monitoring then burnout risk is considerably reduced. Sam Quek (hockey) (Session 4) and Bo Hanson (rowing) (Session 5) both spoke about monitoring their heart rate daily. Research has concluded that short-term (<2 week) overload training results in an increased resting heart rate with a mean increase of +4–5 beats per minute (Bosquet et al., 2008). An elevated resting heart rate is an early indicator of possible overtraining.
You also studied a more holistic approach to monitoring through the use of an EIS app in which a whole range of factors were entered each day that the support staff used to prevent injury and overtraining (e.g. Sam Quek, Session 4).
Activity 3 Preventing overtraining and underrecovery
Research into overtraining and underrecovery is continually evolving. Examine this visual summary of tips to prevent overtraining derived from Meeusen and De Pauw (2013).
Looking at both the coach section and the athlete section, are there any aspects that surprise you?
In the coach section, you may have found the suggestion that training monotony is a recognised contributory factor unusual. It would perhaps seem obvious to any experienced coach but it probably needs to be highlighted: athlete engagement with their training is important for their welfare.
In the athlete section, none of the suggestions were particularly unexpected apart from perhaps the recognition that psychological questionnaires have a recognised role. This supports the points Sam Quek (hockey) made about monitoring and responding honestly to such welfare monitoring questions.
It will be fascinating to see how the monitoring of overtraining and underrecovery develops as wearable devices become more advanced in measuring human physiology.
The preventative strategy you will look at next is about coaching behaviours.
|
<urn:uuid:be731cd2-3703-4b1a-9a88-1a56d94b6e27>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-23
|
https://www.open.edu/openlearn/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=96142§ion=_unit8.2
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224643784.62/warc/CC-MAIN-20230528114832-20230528144832-00619.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.960791 | 684 | 3.09375 | 3 |
Wilhelmina Feemster Jashemski
Emeritus Professor of Ancient History, University of Maryland, College Park. Author of Letters from Pompeii and numerous other works based on her excavations at Pompeii.
Primary Contributions (1)
Pompeii, preserved ancient Roman city in Campania, Italy, 14 miles (23 km) southeast of Naples, at the southeastern base of Mount Vesuvius. It was built on a spur formed by a prehistoric lava flow to the north of the mouth of the Sarnus (modern Sarno) River. Pompeii was destroyed, together with…READ MORE
|
<urn:uuid:fc4e7349-c69e-4f5f-8362-52dd2ae99d34>
|
CC-MAIN-2020-16
|
https://www.britannica.com/contributor/Wilhelmina-Feemster-Jashemski/4348
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-16/segments/1585370510846.12/warc/CC-MAIN-20200403092656-20200403122656-00172.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.922277 | 128 | 2.609375 | 3 |
Harald III of Norway, aka Harald Sigurdsson, aka Harald Hardrada died at Stamford Bridge near York on 25 September 1066, or 944 years ago last Saturday. He failed in his bid to become the 3rd King of England that year. He's sadly neglected by most popular histories in favour of William I of England, Harold Godwinson, and Edward the Confessor, who were all kings of England. So today's questions are: Who was he? and What was he doing in Yorkshire?
Who was he?
Harald was the half-brother of Olaf II of Norway. Olaf was king of Norway until 1030, when he was defeated and killed by a man named Canute. Canute, already king of England and Denmark, was now king of Norway as well, with an empire stretching from the North Cape to the Isles of Scilly. Olaf's most hardcore supporters went into exile in Kievan Rus, where Harald emerged as their leader.
Harald seems to have wanted to marry the daughter of the Yaroslav the Wise, but Yaroslav was reluctant to let a penniless exile do so. As the leader of 500 or so warriors, Harald had the traditional viking options available to him to improve his situation; stealing loot, stealing and ransoming (or enslaving) people, and stealing entire countries. He went for another tradition neglected by history: mercenary.
Harald became a general in command of the Varangian Guard, the foreign bodyguard of the Byzantine Emperors in Constantinople. The theory was that foreigners were unable to become emperor, so the Emperors were safer with foreign bodyguards. In the seven years Harald was Bodyguard in Chief three emperors died and each time he either looted the treasury or was paid off by the new Emperor, or maybe a bit of both. He became fabulously wealthy and returned to Kiev where he married Yarolslav's daughter Elisabeth.
Meanwhile Canute had died. Norway was ruled by Magnus II (known as the Good), the illegitimate son of Saint Olaf. Harald thought his claim was better. War was avoided as they negotiated. Then after two years of compacts, treaties and agreements being made and broken Magnus suddenly died and Harald sole king.
Why was he in Yorkshire?
Harald's first order of business was Magnus' inheritance. After the death of Canute, Magnus had made a deal with Canute's son Harthacanute, who was facing a challenge from his half brother Harold Harefoot. According to the treaty, if either died without an heir, the other would inherit his kingdom. As Magnus' heir, Harald claimed the crown of Denmark and (possibly as an afterthought) England. He then spent most of the next 20 years, and all his incredible wealth, trying to keep Denmark conquered.
Eventually he gave up. At this moment Tostig Godwinson, brother of Harold of England, arrived at his court. Tostig had been removed as Earl of Northumbria, as his policies the previous year had nearly plunged the country into civil war. Furious with his brother for removing him, and then taking the throne of England, Tostig encouraged Harald to take up his claim, offering his supporters and declaring that the English of Danish and Norse ancestry would prefer the heir of Canute over that of Harald. Out of money, Harald gathered 300 longships and an army of 15 000 and invaded. Defeating the local forces, Harald then fatally split his army.
Rather than surrender, Harold headed north in a forced march. According to legend he offered Tostig back his Earldom if he would turn on his ally. When asked what they'd offer Harald, he replied six feet of English soil - or as much more as was needed as he was taller than most men. As I gave away at the start, Harald was killed in the battle. Of the 300 ships, only 24 made it home. Traditionally this is considered the end of the viking age.
Hardrada is usually translated as Hard Rule or Hard Ruler. Stern Counsel is another translation, which perhaps gives us a little more insight into Harald's mind.
How hard was he?
He fought across the Mediterranean, Russia and Poland as well as Norway, Sweden, Denmark and England. Only two men seem to have got the better of him - Harold Godwinson, Warlord of England for 10 years for Edward the Confessor and Canute, known as the Great.
Ignoring, as I traditionally do, the transition between Julian and Gregorian calenders.
Although that's changing
Aka William the Conqueror, and formerly known as William the Bastard. You know if everyone called me Guillaume le Bâtard I might invade a country to try and get them to stop.
Today I, like history, will ignore Edgar the Ætheling
Aka Olaf the Big, later known as Saint Olaf.
Or, as we're in Norway at this point, Knut.
This is the traditional description of Canute's realm.
I count about 70 Emperors in the 809 years between 395 and 1204, giving an average of 11 years per Emperor. How's that foreign bodyguard working out for you guys?
Sainting was a lot more fun in those days
"Hardy Canute" - In Denmark his official name seems to have been Knut III Hardaknut. The whole nicknaming thing in Medieval Scandinavia probably needs it's own post.
|
<urn:uuid:21151b8b-3ce6-4188-86e6-f81a45aa2619>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-34
|
http://nightofthehats.blogspot.com/2010/09/hardrada.html
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-34/segments/1502886104204.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20170818005345-20170818025345-00649.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.987129 | 1,150 | 3.09375 | 3 |
“We’ve got two underground storage tanks, typical two dispenser pump island. It was your typical convenience store that’s gone out of business.”
Rob Daniells mananges Kentucky’s Underground Storage Tank program. He’s overseeing the operation to clear this site of the previous owners’ gasoline storage tanks—the ones that stored the gas customers pumped into their cars—so that another business can use the property. But why not just leave them there, undisturbed, under the pavement?
“Any time you’ve got a tank system that’s been in the ground for 15, 20, 25 years, you always have the threat that that system may have leaked at some point during its lifespan,” says Daniells.
So while the excavator gently nudges aside more of the debris that’s trapping the tank, environmental consultant Mark Hopkins climbs into the pit to take soil samples.
“In this soil we’ll be testing for gasoline constituents: benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, some xylene,” says Hopkins.
If tests come back positive, that could mean trouble for groundwater. According to the Kentucky Division of Water, nearly two million Kentuckians rely on groundwater as a source for drinking water. Once these toxic chemicals have seeped into the ground or directly into a drinking water source, they can be tough to tease out. Rob Daniells says just containing such contamination is the bulk of the state removal program.
“ And that’s where things really get difficult obviously, because when gasoline or diesel constituents get into the groundwater table, it’s very, very difficult, it’s very time-consuming, and it’s very expensive to try to remove that material from the groundwater,” Daniells says.
To help clear that backlog of contaminated sites, Kentucky will receive more than $4 million dollars in federal stimulus funds. Daniells hopes that might be enough to clean up nearly 70 sites. Kentucky does have a state fund to help tank owners clean up sites. But it’s not enough to cover abandoned or improperly registered sites. And it’s some of those older sites, with the traditional steel tanks, instead of the newly required fiberglass, that worry Patricia Ellis. That’s because the steel corrodes over time. She’s a hydrologist with the state of Maryland’s underground storage tank department. But she says that’s not the only concern.
“There’s just so many little places where pipes connect and things like that. And every one of those has a chance of leaking,” says Ellis.
What’s more, Ellis says newer fiberglass tanks aren’t immune to corrosion either. But ironically, she’s talking about their vulnerability to what many consider an environmentally friendly bio-fuel. Many gas stations offer gas with 10% ethanol. And a few vehicles have been designed to run on blends of 85% ethanol.
“And even at the lower percentages it’s having a corrosive effect on some systems, because they were never certified for ethanol to begin with. And when you increase the percentages, there’s kind of a magic intermediate percent that’s even more corrosive than 100% ethanol,” Ellis says.
Ellis says that if the tank springs a leak, the ethanol poses less immediate danger.
“One wonderful thing about ethanol is that is degrades wonderfully in the soil and groundwater, but it takes away the oxygen and nutrients the other components of gasoline need to naturally degrade in the groundwater,” says Ellis.
While states eye new regulations for tanks, they still face the enormous task of tackling what’s already been buried beneath the surface. The Environmental Protection Agency is doling out varying amounts to nearly every state to address the problem. But in Kentucky, those funds may be stretched to their limit. The state has the third worst record in the country in terms of the number of tank owners who actually comply with the regulations for preventing and detecting leaks. And it’s in the top 10 nationwide for the largest number of leaks already confirmed.
|
<urn:uuid:c1dea17d-ae77-44a4-99ff-d1575d954dda>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-39
|
http://archives.wfpl.org/2009/07/28/underground-storage-tanks-pose-groundwater-threat/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-39/segments/1505818689823.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20170924010628-20170924030628-00503.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.938628 | 884 | 2.75 | 3 |
Here you will be writing a response to “An Occurrence at Owl Creek” by Ambrose Bierce. This activity is designed to help you review narration and description. When reading note Bierce’s ability to both tell a story and describe its circumstances.
Read “An Occurrence at Owl Creek” by Ambrose Bierce
Time is important in this story. Not the time in history, calendar time, watch time, or the time of day, but rather the way that people perceive time. We all know how some things can seem to last forever, like a bad cold, while other things seem to be over in a few minutes, like a great party.
In your essay, please concentrate on the role of perceived time.
We have the capacity, through our dedicated team of writers, to complete an order similar to this. In addition, our customer support team is always on standby, which ensures we are in touch with you before, during and after the completion of the paper. Go ahead, place your order now, and experience our exquisite service.
Use the order calculator below to get an accurate quote for your order. Contact our live support team for any further inquiry. Thank you for making BrilliantTermpapers the custom essay services provider of your choice.
|
<urn:uuid:e16e9a71-f45b-4413-afab-141879896bde>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-34
|
http://www.brillianttermpapers.com/essays/narration-description-and-the-writing-process/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-34/segments/1502886120573.75/warc/CC-MAIN-20170823152006-20170823172006-00638.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.943619 | 261 | 3.046875 | 3 |
On March 17, 1699, a group of French explorers under Pierre le Moyne, Sieur d’Iberville, were making their way up the Mississippi River from New Orleans when they spotted a red pole on a high bluff overlooking the river. The pole marked the boundary between the hunting grounds of the Houma and the Bayagoula Indians, and the Frenchmen christened it le baton rouge.
The name Baton Rouge has survived, despite several attempts to change it, and today it designates the capital of a state whose people, by 1812, had lived under four flags—French, English, Spanish, and American. Despite its tiny size, the settlement at Baton Rouge was a strategic outpost on the Mississippi River, and a number of fierce contests were waged for its control. In fact, the only battle of the American Revolution fought in Louisiana took place at Baton Rouge in 1779.
In A History of Baton Rouge Rose Meyers has gathered, evaluated, and set down the stories, legends, facts, and circumstances of the founding of Baton Rouge; its troubled history under the colonial governments of France, England, and Spain; and its eventual entry into the Union in 1812. Featured in the book are portraits of early civil and military leaders and maps dating back to the French colonial period.
Rose Meyers is Head Librarian at the Downtown Branch of the East Baton Rouge Parish Library.
Found an Error? Tell us about it.
|
<urn:uuid:2255a840-74f7-4948-9a91-e0fae709e4b6>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-39
|
http://lsupress.info/books/detail/a-history-of-baton-rouge-1699-1812/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-39/segments/1505818691830.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20170925130433-20170925150433-00224.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.959299 | 298 | 3.90625 | 4 |
Contact: Carol Hughes
Arizona State University
Caption: Stratigraphic layers visible in this lower section of the PP5-6 archaeological site of the South African Coast Paleoclimate, Paleoenvironment, Paleoecology, Paleoanthropology Project (SACP4) site at Pinnacle Point, Mossel Bay, date to 79,000 to 86,000 years ago. The site is where an international team of researchers discovered evidence that early modern humans employed pyrotechnology to increase the quality and efficiency of their stone tool manufacturing process, as reported in the Aug. 14 issue of the journal Science.
Credit: Photo by Simen Oestmo/South African Coast Paleoclimate, Paleoenvironment, Paleoecology, Paleoanthropology Project (SACP4)
Usage Restrictions: with proper credit
Related news release: Early modern humans use fire to engineer tools from stone
|
<urn:uuid:de6b5007-49cf-496d-897d-84737ccdcdc0>
|
CC-MAIN-2014-10
|
http://www.eurekalert.org/multimedia/pub/15936.php?from=142412
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-10/segments/1393999668738/warc/CC-MAIN-20140305060748-00015-ip-10-183-142-35.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.83026 | 180 | 3.328125 | 3 |
From Middle English abetten, abette, from Old French abeter (“to entice”), from a- (“to”) + beter (“hound on, urge, to bait”), either from Middle Dutch bētan (“incite”) or from Old Norse beita (“to cause to bite, bait, incite”), from Proto-Germanic *baitijaną (“to cause to bite”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyd- (“to split”). Cognate with Icelandic beita (“to set dogs on; to feed”).
- (transitive) To incite; to assist or encourage by aid or countenance in crime. [from ca. 1350–1470]
- Synonyms: instigate, foment, encourage, support
- Antonyms: baffle, confound, counteract, denounce, deter; see also Thesaurus:hinder
- 1851, Charles G. Davis, Report of the Proceedings at the Examination of Charles G. Davis, Esq., on the Charge of Aiding and Abetting in the Rescue of a Fugitive Slave, page 39:
- The Statute provides that whoever has been engaged in aiding, abetting, or assisting, directly or indirectly, is criminal.
- (transitive) To support, countenance, maintain, uphold, or aid (any good cause, opinion, or action); to maintain. [from late 16th c.]
- 1854 August 9, Henry D[avid] Thoreau, Walden; or, Life in the Woods, Boston, Mass.: Ticknor and Fields, →OCLC:
- The elements, however, abetted me in making a path through the deepest snow in the woods, for when I had once gone through the wind blew the oak leaves into my tracks, where they lodged, and by absorbing the rays of the sun melted the snow, and so not only made a dry bed for my feet, but in the night their dark line was my guide.
- 2017 September 27, David Browne, “Hugh Hefner, 'Playboy' Founder, Dead at 91”, in Rolling Stone, archived from the original on 2017-09-28:
- By the early Seventies, Playboy was selling seven million copies a month and Hefner's globe-trotting lifestyle was abetted by his private jet, the Big Bunny, that contained a circular bed, an inside disco and a wet bar.
- (obsolete, transitive) To urge on, stimulate (a person to do) something desirable. [late 14th–early 17th c.]
- (obsolete) To back up one's forecast of a doubtful issue, by staking money, etc., to bet.
Derived terms Edit
- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
abet (plural abets)
- (obsolete) Fraud or cunning. [mid-12th–mid-14th c.]
- (obsolete) An act of abetting; of helping; of giving aid. [from ca. 1350—1470]
- ^ Elliott K. Dobbie, C. William Dunmore, Robert K. Barnhart, et al. (editors), Chambers Dictionary of Etymology (Chambers Harrap Publishers Ltd, 2004 , →ISBN), page 2
- Lesley Brown, editor-in-chief; William R. Trumble and Angus Stevenson, editors (2002), “abet”, in The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles, 5th edition, Oxford; New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 4.
- ^ Elliott K. Dobbie, C. William Dunmore, Robert K. Barnhart, et al. (editors), Chambers Dictionary of Etymology (Chambers Harrap Publishers Ltd, 2004 , →ISBN), page 6
Alternative forms Edit
- An expression of doubt
- religious habit (clothing)
|
<urn:uuid:5baf73cf-9aa0-452d-a2fa-4363f40da822>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-40
|
https://en.m.wiktionary.org/wiki/abet
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510130.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20230926011608-20230926041608-00075.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.82841 | 1,029 | 2.75 | 3 |
Q: It’s very hard for me to admit this, but I am terrible at organization: my children’s lunches, my bills, my kitchen, and even my clothing. My life just feels so out of control. Are there distinct steps that I can take to get more organized?
A: Organizing is a very tough task that requires discipline, time – and something else that you might not be aware of – executive function skills. Executive skills allow us to organize our behavior and override immediate demands in favor of longer-term goals. Through these skills, we learn to sustain attention, plan and organize activities, and follow through on a task.
Sometimes, those who think they are disorganized could be impaired by Executive Function Disorder, which can lead to persistent lateness, impulsive behavior, and the inability to finish any task completely.
It’s very possible that you are disorganized because you simply have never tried to be organized. However, there is also the possibility that you are disorganized because you are missing executive function skills. In that case, what can you do to help yourself get this done well and in a timely manner?
The Center for Learning Disabilities suggests multiple ways:
Use tools like time organizers, computers, and watches with alarms to give yourself reminders to get things done on time. Because your brain might not be programmed to give you these repeated reminders, setting up external cues can keep you on track.
Create checklists and to-do lists. On these lists, estimate how long each activity will take you to accomplish. Then, break the longer tasks into small changes and assign time frames for completing each section. Breaking apart larger tasks will allow you to stay focused on the mission at hand.
Remove clutter from your workspace (or kitchen). If this feels too scary to handle on your own, ask a friend, or family member, to set aside a few hours to help you clear your space. If they do not have time, consider hiring an organizer to come in and do the work with you. Then, once the workspace is clean, set aside ten minutes daily to making sure it stays clutter free.
Use visual calendars to keep track of long-term projects, appointments, and bill invoices. Keep this calendar posted in a central location and ensure that you look at it at the same time nightly. This way, you will have time to prepare for any different events taking place the next day.
For people with Executive Function Disorder, getting organized can be daunting and almost impossible. Regardless, with a plan and a goal, you can take small steps towards organization and order in your life. And, remember, nobody’s perfect – even with checklists and calendars – life might get a bit disorganized every now and then.
|
<urn:uuid:b5eaf7b5-2a79-4ff2-8e0c-ba66cf553144>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-40
|
https://www.jewishpress.com/sections/family/parenting-our-children/dis-organization/2019/09/16/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510603.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20230930050118-20230930080118-00494.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.95145 | 568 | 2.578125 | 3 |
Roles of Conflict of law in Cambodian
Generally speaking, each country in the world which is well governed with good social orders is totally depending upon on set-out laws they are practicing in the moment. Even though there are merely two main kinds of laws, Common Law and Civil Law, the implementation of the two laws can be seen that the practicing of laws is different basing upon social demands and political ideology that the state wants to adhere to. With the differences of the legal implementation, International Laws play important roles in harmonizing and solving out any legal issue occurring between private citizens of different countries.
However, an incentive legal question is that in case a Cambodia national binds a legal marriage with a foreigner, which court shall have the jurisdictions upon their marriage? What law shall be applied and where can it is forced if there is a controversy take places in their marriage’s life?
Therefore, the perspective in this paper is to analyze crucial roles that Private Intentional Laws play in Cambodia, in which the so-called Cambodian Family Law, comprising of marriage, divorce, adoption and monogamy, shall be put into considerations.
Analysis of Cambodian Family Law
In conflict of law, the issue of marriage has assumed increasing public policy significance in a world of increasing multi-ethic, multi-cultural community existence. Most societies, of course, have rules which specify certain conditions which two people must meet before they will be allowed to marry. The rules are not exactly the same in each society. However, the purpose of the rules in each country is to permit marriages between certain people and prohibit marriages between others. Marriage is the legal institution which expresses the independence of men and women, and it is also a social and economic partnership which, ideally, allows a man and a woman to flourish together. Similarly, marriage is also a partnership for raising and nurturing of children.
v The validity of marriage
Actually, under the Cambodian Family law, there are two main compulsory requirements for a marriage to be valid—substantial requirement of marriage and formality requirement of marriage. In term of Substantial requirement of marriage, there are seven compulsory requirements which are essential for validity of marriage of both parties. First, the parties must be a man and a woman, which is meant the two parties cannot be of the same sex. As can be seen in the reality of Cambodian life, same sex marriage is kind of absolutely against the culture, tradition and custom of Cambodia; and the law also does not recognize same sex relationships as legally valid even if the parties plan to live together as a family unit for many years. Second, the decision to marry must be voluntary on the part of both parities. In Cambodia forced marriage is absolutely prohibited, so no one shall be forced to marry against his/her will—the decision of both the man and woman must be voluntary (2).Third, man and woman must both be of sufficient age under law to marry, which can be seen in the new civil cold of Cambodia that both man and woman must be at least reach the age of 18, while a marriage involving underage partners is absolutely prohibited (3). Fourth, the parties must be free of a certain specific mental and physical disabilities (4). Fifth, the parties must not be related by blood or marriage to a degree prohibit by law. Cambodian marriage law prohibits marriage between all people who are related by either blood or marriage in a direct line (5). Sixth, each party must be unmarried at the same time of the proposed marriage (6). Seventh, women may not remarry within 120 days of the termination of a prior marriage (7). (Cambodian family law)
Formality requirement of marriage
Law, itself, states that formality of marriage shall consist of some required elements such as public notice, conclusion of marriage contract in the present of the family registration official, and marriage registration as well as a celebration of marriage ceremony which is legally known as a civil marriage ceremony (Cambodian civil code, marriage)
In Cambodian society, generally people have yet to fulfill the requirement of civil marriage ceremony as they are likely to get confused about the term of civil marriage. Actually, the so-called civil marriage ceremony is not a kind of marriage party that they simply conduct by merely inviting friends and relatives, but it is meant by a ceremony in front of the civil register with authorities.
There are no particular requirements as to conduct of the ceremony. However, the couple must express the registrar that their marriage is voluntary. In the eyes of law, a religious ceremony is not necessary to the formations of the marriage, but this does not meant that such ceremonies are unimportant; it only means that they have no legal significance. It is simply seen that the man and woman might believe that they are validly married because they have had a traditional wedding, but in legal concept the law will not recognize such a marriage as valid. Different countries handle this situation in different ways. In many countries, the failure to celebrate a civil marriage ceremony is a very serious procedural violation which affects the validity of marriage. Therefore, if a man and a woman who wish to marry, they shall meet all the requirements of the law set forth above, and then they are entitle legal marriage.
With some of the above-mentioned points about the validity of marriage, it can be noticed that a complex of legal issues whether or not a marriage valid is depending upon the exercise of domestic law of each country. As can be seen, in Cambodia both the man and the woman shall be at least 18 years old if they wish to marry. However, in some countries, such a requirement is different. For example, in the US women shall be allowed to get marred at the age of 16. So, let’s suppose that if a 20-year-old Cambodian man marries to an American girl who is just 16 years of age, would the marriage be valid? The complex of laws whether or not the marriage is valid concerning with the age of the spouse is different depending on the domestic law itself. In some countries, no girls under the age of 16 shall be allowed to get married unless she reaches the age of majority, but in some countries which their own laws state differently, will recognize that marriage as valid, because the law itself allows to do so.
v Prohibition of marriage under the monogamy law
Looking back through the past, the custom that a man had the first wife, the second, the third, or the fourth wife, or even if a concubine could be seen happening in most of the societies. Still, in some countries in the world laws do not ban individuals to have more than one wife or one husband. As can be commonly seen, in Muslim countries, a man has rights to having more than a wife even if the marriage he bound with his first wife had yet to be dissolved. However, under the Cambodian law on Monogamy, it is stated that one man, legally, has only one wife and a woman has only one husband (Act 3); and that any person who commits the offence of bigamy if they register his/her new marriage to another person while his or her prior marriage has not been dissolved shall be liable for conviction and punishment (law on monogamy, Act 4). Additionally, the civil code itself also clearly states that a person who has a spouse may not affect an additional marriage (Civil code, marriage, requirement for marriage, act 949).
Regarding to this point, suppose that a Muslim man married to a Cambodian woman in his country and then came back to Cambodia, would the Cambodian courts have jurisdictions over their marriage? The legal interpretation of this issue is based on where the marriage celebrated. Even though the woman is Cambodian national, she got married in another country, so the court of that country shall have jurisdiction on their marriage. whereas, if interpreted basing the Private International Laws, in case the spouses have domiciles and deliberate residence in Cambodia, the law of Cambodia shall govern their marriage life after that.
v Jurisdiction of the courts on marriage
Sometimes legal issues shall be interpreted basing the grounds of domestic and international law. In Cambodia, the courts shall recognize and have jurisdictions only upon any marriage which is leally bound in legal concepts as mentioned above. That a marriage made by both parties of the same nationality—Cambodian nationals, the jurisdiction of the courts of Cambodia shall be applied. Whereas, in case one of the spouses is a foreigner, or suppose that a Cambodian national may have been celebrated the marriage in a foreign country, what law shall govern? This is an incentive point which should be considered.
First, however, let’s take a look at the two different points concerning with the jurisdictions of the courts in the world. For countries which are using Civil Laws, the courts may have jurisdictions basing nationalities of persons, while those which are exercising Common Laws, the validity of the marriage is governed by the capacity of the parties to marry each other. That capacity is usually governed by the domicile of the parties.
It can be known that since Cambodia has been influenced by France, it has adhered to the civil code in form of the law of its nation. Therefore, the courts in Cambodia, basically, have jurisdictions on legal issue basing on the nationality of the concerned persons.
In this regard, under the Cambodian law, the marriage of a lawful-aged American man and an 16-year-old Cambodian girl shall be regarded as invalid basing on the nationality of the girl—a Cambodian national. Whereas, in this aspect the Private international Law itself, regardless to the girl’s nationality, can interpret that the American courts shall have jurisdictions over the case if the girl’s domicile of choice is the US.
Divorce which is the termination of marriage can possibly happen in every aspect of life of spouses once there is any difference or confrontation between husband and wife. Particularly, the consequence of divorce simply seen is the property division which is one of the most difficult aspects of it, because usually the spouses disagree over who has the right to the property.
In the legal grounds, it can be seen that divorce is defined as a judgment by a court declaring that a valid marriage has been dissolved and the parties are no longer married, and a judgment shall be a decision by a court which is made after the consideration of the evidence relevant to the issues to be decided. The Cambodian Family Law gives the judge the final authority to decide whether to grant the divorce, and will issue a formal notice to the plaintiff to appear before the court.
v Where a divorce can be enforced
In order to decide whether a divorce is valid, it may be necessary to decide in which country it was obtained. Practically, the divorce case where more than one country or jurisdiction is involved, usually due to residence and citizenship of the spouses, there can be disputes over which country that the husband and the wife can sit down and handle the divorce or which country they want to get divorced in. Suppose that when a Cambodian national married to an English man, in which the marriage was celebrated in Cambodia. The court of Cambodia shall have jurisdictions over the case in accordance with the place where the spouses celebrated their marriage. However, the place where the marriage was held is not importantly considered in Private international Law. In this regard, a country which has possible jurisdiction over their divorce shall be a country that the spouses have connections with such as residence and domicile.
v Property division
The problems of divorce-related property arise in most often in marriage, in which during a marriage one or both parities may own property which provides income. The division of property described here sounds simple and easy, but in practice it is not. Questions may arise about who owns and controls the income earned from property during the marriage. To answer this question we must first classify the property as common (or joint) property or separate property. In accordance with the Civil Code of Cambodia, common property means any and all property acquired during the marriage by one or both spouses (Civil code, act 973). Common property may include money which either spouse earned, or anything either spouse bought with money earned during the marriage. However, separate property is meant by any property which a spouse possesses prior to the marriage, and any property which a spouse receives as a gift, and inheritance, or a legacy during the marriage (civil code, act 972).
In this aspect, imagine that in case the divorce between a Cambodian national and a foreigner occur where their existing marriage is valid, the court shall have the jurisdictions on dividing the property for them in accordance with the laws. And of which court shall have jurisdictions over the case depends upon the judgments of where the marriage is subject to. The Cambodian courts will consider where the existence of the marriage is. If it was celebrated in Cambodia, the laws of Cambodia shall govern the case. However, in order the court has jurisdictions over the case, the judges of the foreign country will determine on the residence of the spouse, the territorial jurisdictions of the court, and spouse’s domicile in their territorial jurisdiction of the court, or the consent of the spouses to the jurisdiction of the court.
|
<urn:uuid:725f9609-8c6d-46e9-aabd-65ac6f22be1d>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-26
|
https://umisea.wordpress.com/2009/10/10/roles-of-conflict-of-law-in-cambodia-family-law/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-26/segments/1498128320863.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20170626184725-20170626204725-00090.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.967129 | 2,700 | 2.90625 | 3 |
Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion, often abbreviated ACDF, is a commonly performed procedure for treatment of cervical spine (neck) disorders. An ACDF is usually performed to treat a degenerated or herniated disc in the neck. Disc degeneration and herniation are two common disc-related problems that may compress spinal nerve roots or the spinal cord that resides within the spinal canal.
Compression or pinching of these neurologic structures may result in neck, shoulder, upper back, and arm pain. Other neurologic symptoms may include numbness, tingling and weakness in the arms or hands. The goal of an ACDF is to decompress the nerve root(s) and spinal cord, stabilize the neck, relieve symptoms, and enable the patient to return to regular activities of daily living.
Anterior = front
The surgical incision is made in the front of the neck either on the left or right side. The incision can often be performed within a natural skin crease or skin fold helping to conceal the surgical incision when healed and provide a pleasing cosmetic result.
Cervical = neck
The cervical levels are one region of the spine. There are seven vertebral bodies in the neck; numbered C1 (top) through C7 (bottom). The disc levels are also abbreviated. For example, C3-C4 refers to the intervertebral disc between the third and fourth cervical vertebral bodies (bones).
Discectomy = to remove the disc
Through the incision, the surgeon moves soft tissues aside to reveal the disc. Using special instruments, the surgeon removes the ruptured disc from between the upper and lower vertebral bodies.
Fusion = to join or combine
Bone graft is inserted into the empty space between the upper and lower vertebral bodies. Instrumentation (cervical plate and screws) is implanted to immobilize (stabilize) the neck. The body’s natural healing processes cause new bone to grow into and around the instrumentation resulting in a spinal fusion.
Not every patient with a cervical degenerative disc problem or disc herniation requires spine surgery. Dr. Stieber may recommend an anterior cervical discectomy and fusion for the following reasons: if non-operative treatment fails to relieve symptoms, progressive worsening of neurologic symptoms or pain, spinal instability, and/or neurological problems. Numbness, loss of function, and weakness are examples of neurologic dysfunction.
About Cervical Discectomy
ACDF is performed under general anesthesia. The neck is cleansed and prepared for surgery. An incision is made on the left or right side of the neck. Muscles and other tissues are gently pulled aside to expose the disc. Dr. Stieber uses fluoroscopy, a type of real time x-ray during surgery. A thin needle is inserted into the disc, which can be viewed on fluoroscopy. Specialized surgical instruments are used to remove the ruptured disc. A spreader instrument gently separates the vertebral bodies while the disc and smaller disc pieces are removed. Disc material and bone spurs (osteophytes) that compress (pinch) spinal nerve roots are carefully removed. Bone graft fills the empty space after discectomy.
Types of Bone Graft
● Autograft is the patient’s own bone; usually taken from the hip.
● Allograft is donor bone from a bone bank.
● Bone graft substitute; there are different types, some of which are synthetic (man-made) and available in different shapes.
Screws affix a metal plate over the bone graft. The plate holds the graft in place and stabilizes the neck. Although fluoroscopy is used during ACDF, a post-operative x-ray is taken to ensure the bone graft and instrumentation is well-positioned.
After surgery, the patient is moved into the recovery area. In recovery, nurses and other members of the medical team closely monitor the patient’s vital signs – pulse, respiration, blood pressure, and pain. Some post-operative pain should be expected and patients receive pain medication either through their IV (intravenous line) or by mouth.
● A post-operative cervical brace may be prescribed to wear for a period after surgery to help immobilize and support the neck while healing.
● Many patients go home the same day as surgery. Dr. Stieber discusses the likelihood of hospitalization with patients before their surgery date.
Pre and post operative x-rays of a 49 year old female who was treated with an ACDF
After Care at Home
Dr. Stieber provides ACDF patients with information about what to expect and self-care after hospital discharge. This information includes instructions to control pain, medications, diet and managing constipation, bathing and incision care, activity restrictions, and the surgical follow-up appointments. As always, Dr. Stieber and his staff welcome questions and ensure that all patient concerns are thoroughly addressed.
|
<urn:uuid:5a83697a-e83b-4b02-a324-5f6a5bfc2d51>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-14
|
https://www.orthomanhattan.com/treatment-options-new-york-city/anterior-cervical-discectomy-and-fusion/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296945282.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20230324113500-20230324143500-00371.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.920313 | 1,044 | 3.046875 | 3 |
Parashat Yitro- The Earth's Fuel
Parashat Yitro is famous for the story of Ma’amad Har Sinai – G-d’s Revelation to Beneh Yisrael at Mount Sinai, when He pronounced the Ten Commandments.
This is not the first time when we find the number 10 associated with a major world event. In fact, we encountered it just recently, in our reading of earlier Parashiyot in the Book of Shemot, which tell of the ten plagues which G-d brought upon Egypt. Moreover, the Mishna in Pirkeh Abot (5:1) teaches that G-d created the world with "Asara Ma’amarot" – ten "proclamations." As we read in the opening chapter of the Torah, G-d brought each part of the world into existence by proclaiming that it should exist, and there are ten such proclamations in all.
Thus, the world came into existence through ten proclamations, G-d brought Beneh Yisrael out of Egypt through ten plagues, and He presented the Torah to them in Ten Commandments. What is the significance of this parallel? How are these three events connected?
A number of early commentators explained that the ten plagues served as a reaffirmation of G-d’s creation of the world. At the time of creation, there were no witnesses to the event, and so it could not be later proven. In order to prove that He created the world, G-d brought ten supernatural plagues – each of which corresponds to one of the "proclamations" through which He created the world. For example, the plague of blood, when G-d transformed Egypt’s water into blood, and then changed it back into water, reaffirmed His creation of water. The fact that G-d exerted such control over the water demonstrated that He created it. Likewise, bringing wild beasts confirmed His creation of wildlife, and bringing darkness confirmed His creation of light. By suspending the laws of nature, and then restoring them, ten times, G-d affirmed His absolute control over the world, thus proving all ten stages of His creation of the universe.
The ten plagues, then, were brought not simply to force Pharaoh to release Beneh Yisrael, but, primarily, to reaffirm that G-d created the world.
And then, after the Exodus from Egypt, G-d brought Beneh Yisrael to Sinai, proclaiming the Ten Commandments. Once the world’s creation was reaffirmed through the ten plagues, it was time for G-d to provide the world with the "fuel" it needs to be sustained – the Torah. The Ten Commandments contain 620 letters, representing the 613 Biblical commands, plus the seven obligations enacted by the Sages. Thus, the Ten Commandments encompass the entirety of the Torah. The progression from the ten plagues – which reaffirmed the ten stages of creation – to the Ten Commandments shows us that our recognition of G-d must be followed by our acceptance of the Torah. It does not suffice to know and to believe that G-d created and governs the world. This belief must inform our conduct, and lead us to live the way the Torah demands.
This is why the Ten Commandments begins with the proclamation, "I am Hashem your G-d who has taken you from the land of Egypt, from the house of bondage." The giving of the Torah is a direct continuation of the Exodus from Egypt. Once our faith in G-d as the Creator was reaffirmed in Egypt, the next step is standing at Mount Sinai to wholeheartedly accept the Torah.
Torah study and observance are the earth’s "fuel." They are the reason why it was created, and why it continued to exist. It is not enough to believe in G-d and know about G-d – we must live in accordance with His will, which is the very purpose for which He created the earth and created us, its inhabitants.
|
<urn:uuid:6a4aa2d6-4708-42ce-8c8b-d0a0e1d6ec8e>
|
CC-MAIN-2020-10
|
http://www.dailyhalacha.com/WeeklyParasha.asp?ParashaClipID=853
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-10/segments/1581875148850.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20200229083813-20200229113813-00557.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.953285 | 846 | 2.734375 | 3 |
The cranberry bush (Vaccinium macrocarpon) is a low-growing evergreen shrub with leathery leaves and bright-red berries. This member of the heath family grows in mountains, forests, and damp bogs within the United States from Alaska to Virginia. However, most of the commercial berries are produced in Massachusetts and Wisconsin.
Native Americans used cranberries for both food and medicine. The berries were enjoyed either raw or sweetened with maple sugar. In addition, they used them in sauces, breads, and puddings. Cran-berries were also used in poultices for treating wounds. Cranberry leaves were typically used for diarrhea and urinary disorders. The sailors during Colonial days used cranberries to prevent scurvy.
Today the cranberry is available in a variety of products, such as frozen cranberries, cranberry juice and juice cocktails, cranberry sauce, and capsules containing cranberry powder. The most popular form of cranberries is the sweetened cranberry cocktail that contains about 30 percent cranberry juice. Apple cranberry and other cranberry drinks contain only about 10 percent juice.
Cranberries are distinguished by their extremely sour taste, because of their low sugar and high-acid content. Cranberries are rich in citric, malic, quinic, and other acids. They also contain flavonoids, anthocyanins, ellagic acid, and vitamin C. Because of their tannin content the berries possess a natural astringency.
Help for Infections
Cranberries have long been considered valuable for maintaining the health of the urinary tract. The juice has been widely used for the prevention, treatment, and symptomatic relief of urinary tract infections.
It was commonly believed that cranberry juice was effective because it acidified the urine. The high acidity was believed to prevent bacterial growth. However, recent research supports the notion that cranberries contain substances that prevent the adhesion of Escherichia coli and other bacteria to the lining of the urinary tract. The bacteria adhere to the urinary tract by way of many fimbriae, hairlike projections on the surface of the bacteria. This allows the bacteria to colonize in large numbers and produce an infection. Recently researchers identified proanthocyanidins in cranberry juice that inhibit the E. coli from adhering to the lining.
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) pose a serious health problem affecting millions of Americans every year. UTIs are more prevalent among women than men, and many women will develop several UTIs in their lifetime. The risk of a UTI increases with advancing age and is greatest among institutionalized older women. In addition, people with diabetes are at higher risk for UTIs.
Symptoms commonly experienced with a UTI include painful urination, the need to urinate frequently, a cloudy urine, and lower back pain. If a UTI is untreated, more serious complications may develop. If they occur during a pregnancy, the infection may cause a preterm delivery.
A group of 153 elderly women living in a nursing home experienced on average a 50 percent reduction in the bacterial load and white blood cell count in their urine after daily consuming 10 ounces of cranberry juice cocktail for six months. The elderly women also had a greater possibility of being free of the infection than similar women not using the cranberry juice. Capsules containing cranberry concentrate can also be effective. Women who took two 400-milligram capsules of cranberry powder daily or 3 months experienced a significant decrease in risk of UTIs.
Cranberry juice is also effective in reducing urinary odors in bedridden patients who have urinary infections and are incontinent. Nursing home personnel have observed a decrease in urine odor in the geriatric wards of a nursing home following the regular drinking of two glasses of cranberry juice by the patients. In addition, patients complained less about a burning sensation when they urinated.
What About Other Fruits?
The blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum), a close relative of the cranberry, is also a good source of the proanthocyanidins that inhibit the colonization of certain bacteria. On the other hand, orange, grapefruit, pineapple, guava, and mango juices do not possess any antiadhesion properties.
Other Protective Effects
The cranberry appears to possess other benefits for human health. Helicobacter pylori is the major cause of gastric and duodenal ulcers. This bacterium penetrates the mucous lining of the gastrointestinal system and adheres to the underlying epithelial layer. Recently it was found that a cranberry fraction disabled some strains of Helicobacter pylori so that they could not stick to the epithelial surface. Through this mechanism cranberries could help prevent ulcers. A cranberry mixture also reduces the stickiness of oral bacteria and may be useful for delaying the development of dental plaque and gum disease.
Cranberry juice may also prevent the formation of certain types of kidney stones. A glass or two of cranberry juice every day for one to two weeks will increase the acidity of the urine and decrease the risk of a kidney stone forming. In addition, cranberry juice does not contain high levels of oxalate, a substance that can promote the formation of kidney stones.
Protection Against Chronic Disease
Cranberries are rich in polyphenolic antioxidants that protect against cancer and cardiovascular disease. The proanthocyanidins and other compounds inhibit the oxidation of LDL cholesterol, while cranberry powder has been observed to decrease the LDL cholesterol levels of animals with elevated blood cholesterol levels. The proanthocyanidins in cranberries and blueberries are known to inhibit tumor growth.
For the prevention or treatment of UTIs a daily glass of cranberry juice, one to three cups of cranberry juice cocktail, or 10 to 12 capsules of cranberry powder are recommended. Generally, there are no side effects. However, drinking 3 or more liters of cranberry juice per day can produce diarrhea and other gastrointestinal effects. Lesser amounts may increase the frequency of bowel movements. It is important that a patient with a UTI see their physician.
Remember: Herbal products and dietary supplements can have pharmacological effects, may produce adverse reactions in some people, and could interact with over-the-counter and prescription medications you may take. Discuss with your physician your decision to use any herbal product. Anything mentioned in this article is not intended to diagnose, prescribe, or treat any ailment.
Winston J. Craig, Ph.D., R.D., is a professor of nutrition at Andrews University, Berrien Springs, Michigan.
|
<urn:uuid:dc364c70-a7c2-4e8b-b957-38377f8dcb1f>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-43
|
http://www.vibrantlife.com/?p=99
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-43/segments/1508187822488.34/warc/CC-MAIN-20171017200905-20171017220905-00676.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.940522 | 1,364 | 3.3125 | 3 |
There is more than one inflation rate(Read article summary)
Prices of certain consumer goods, like food, clothes, and fuel, affect lower income groups more than the wealthy
Often consumer price inflation is described as being just one for everyone. While that is a correct assumption in some contexts, it is misleading in terms of analyzing the effects for different groups-and individuals.
For example, if prices on alcohol and tobacco rises substantially, then people who are both teetotallers and non-smokers will see no reduction in purchasing power at all, while people who are heavy drinkers and/or smokers will see a significant reduction in purchasing power.
Similarly, if prices of luxury goods rises, then that will have almost no effect on the purchasing power of the poor while significantly reducing the purchasing power of the rich, while higher prices on cheaper forms of food or clothes will have almost no effect on the purchasing power of the rich while significantly reducing the purchasing power of the poor.
Sometimes the rich spend more money on certain items, like food, clothes and fuel, yet people with low income might still be hit harder from rising prices of the commodities used, because first of all their income is by definition lower and the spending on these items may therefore still be a higher percentage of their total spending, and secondly because they to a higher extent buy food and clothes whose production costs to a higher extent consists of commodity inputs.
Most statistical bureaus around the world either are unaware of or ignores this insight, but Hong Kong's statistical authority has interestingly created, besides the general CPI, three sub-indexes for people with low income (called CPI-A), middle income (called CPI-B) and high income* (called CPI-C) earners. In the latest year, despite having a higher food price inflation, low income earners have had somewhat lower inflation rate than middle income earners, with middle income earners similarly having a somewhat lower inflation rate than high income earners despite having higher food price inflation.
|
<urn:uuid:96c57d69-1451-4974-9368-3e2357173a10>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-26
|
https://m.csmonitor.com/Business/Stefan-Karlsson/2011/0927/There-is-more-than-one-inflation-rate
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-26/segments/1498128323604.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20170628101910-20170628121910-00714.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.947374 | 405 | 3.21875 | 3 |
One of the four pillars on which Allevamento Poggio di Ponte is based on is Ducks. The word "duck" derives from the Latin name Anitra and it is the common name for several aquatic birds of the Anatidae family. Usually, Ducks dwell in ponds and lakes and feed aquatic organism from the water. Most of them, especially those aquatic, do not have good coordination of movements on the mainland, however, the smaller ducks are usually quite coordinated in both environments. There are two different categories of Ducks: Wild Duck and Domesticated Duck. Wild Ducks are ‘migrating’ birds. They generally migrate twice a year. The first migration is immediately when the offspring are fully feathered and capable of sustained flight. Ducks fly towards a more mild and temperate climate. While the second migration is when they return to their birthplace. For the breeding season they need a cooler climate and a higher quantity of food, so as to allow an easier care and grow of their young. Domesticated Ducks are selected by men. They belong to the Anseriformes and to Anatidae whose breeding originated in Asia, where they are used to rid the rice fields from harmful insects and plants. Domestication introduced some species, most notably the Mallard (Anas Platyrhynchos), into regions far removed from their natural range, since they populated a wider distribution area throughout Europe and Asia. Allevamento Poggio di Ponte breeds 7 different ducks families which are conventionally divided into: Diving Ducks, Surface Ducks, Shelducks, Coloured Ducks, Sea-Ducks, Whistling Ducks and Farmyard Ducks.
|
<urn:uuid:2db18e54-0f27-4e59-b373-fe5822e0025d>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-40
|
https://www.allevamentopoggiodiponte.com/our-breeding/ducks
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233506320.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20230922002008-20230922032008-00839.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.954628 | 342 | 3.625 | 4 |
On the evening of October 23rd, the European Union Parliament’s Environmental Committee met to vote on the Renewable Energy Directive. When it came time to determine the future of subsidies for the continued burning of whole trees for energy, members of European Parliament sided with the biomass industry and ignored the conservation community, science, and, ultimately, the people who will suffer as a result of this vote.
Shockingly, members of European Parliament decided that the best way to tackle climate change is to burn more trees and that the best way to protect our forests is to log them.
The outcome of the environmental committee’s RED II vote fails the climate, forest conservation, and, most importantly, rural and low-income communities in the US South who will now face real-world and all too familiar consequences from industrial extraction and a changing climate.
The officials we counted on to do the right thing ignored this great environmental injustice.
In the Southern US, our forests are biologically rich and the region where a vast majority of European wood pellet imports come from was recently named the 36th global biodiversity hotspot. Southerners can tell you that the forests logged for wood pellet production are at the heart of our region’s most valuable natural resources, providing flood protection as well as clean air and water to people all throughout the South. If left standing, Southern forests help fight climate change by serving as massive carbon sinks and serve as our best defense against the worst impacts of climate change, including flooding, storm surge, and sea level rise. Yet, the European Parliament opened the door to increased exploitation of Southern forests and logging by subsidizing the biomass industry to cut down these natural forests and burn them in massive power stations. They’re saying that our forests are only valuable when they are logged. This is the exact opposite of what science, climate policy, and efforts to maintain biodiversity tell us.
Industrial-scale biomass is the ultimate commodification of nature.
In the flurry of climate and forest discussions and, ultimately, the vote on the Renewable Energy Directive II, there was a gaping hole among conversations: Why weren’t the communities and people impacted by the wood pellet industry being considered?
Amidst heated debate comparing research by one scientist to another, the implications for American communities of the South were ignored.
The EU Environmental Committee is literally separated by an entire ocean from the forests and communities that they are signing a death warrant for. Since the dawn of industrialization, extraction of our native forests has been carried out in this unsustainable way for far too long. This system hurts communities on the ground and the decision-makers never have to face the consequences of their actions.
The wood pellet industry is part of the extraction economy and is an environmental justice foe. Almost 75% of mills in the Carolinas are located within a 2-mile radius of areas that are non-white and have average median incomes that are lower than the state average. These mills are likely to contribute to environmental injustice. Consider, for instance, the most recent proposed facility from wood pellet giant Enviva in Richmond County, NC.
This facility is effectively being subsidized by this decision and is specifically being built to export wood pellets to a European biomass incinerator.
Richmond County is already suffering from the negative impacts of several other polluting industries, including coal ash transportation, Duke Energy turbines, a Perdue chicken plant, and is the proposed connecting location for the Atlantic Coast Pipeline. According to the EPA’s EJSCREEN tool, the communities in Richmond County are in the 70-90th percentile for air toxics cancer risk, diesel particulate matter, and traffic proximity.
Adding another industrial facility would further contribute to the injustices people are already facing.
Until international policies and votes start tackling issues pertaining to communities and justice, a major piece of the puzzle is missed, and communities are the ones that suffer the greatest.
To achieve social and environmental justice, we must strive for major change. We can do this by putting the communities, people, and the faces of those impacted by policies in front of decision-makers. Dogwood Alliance is committed to a future that values and protects the rights of communities to access the resources they need to live happy and healthy lives.
We are committed to a future that values people and our planet.
The forest defender movement calls not only for lasting protection for our unique forests but also for a shift from the natural resource extraction economy that has suppressed Southern communities and economies for so long. The forest defender movement calls not only for votes on renewable energy directives that recognize science, but for system change to support forests, climate, and the communities that rely on them. As long as “business as usual” is the golden child among politicians and corporations, we will never realize this shift.
As long as our governmental leaders bend their knee to corporate “compromise,” our planet and its people will be left in the dust.
The vote clearly exhibited unequal colonial, economic, and social power relations. The biomass industry’s crooked message and short-sighted science won out over community and climate justice. Now is the time to shift power back to our people, uplift community-based alternatives, and follow the lead of people on the frontlines. For our movement to achieve forest protection and successfully stop the worst impacts of climate change, we must focus on the voices of the communities most impacted by extractive and unjust corporate behavior. Only then will our policies truly reflect the preservation and valuation of the natural world, native culture, and sustainable economies.
Before the Renewable Energy Directive is finalized by the rest of the EU Parliament and individual member states this winter, they must do the right thing and stand for our forests and communities. Their goals of climate change mitigation and forest protection will not be achieved otherwise.
|
<urn:uuid:2a02f772-0324-4e68-951f-2ac6f66db077>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-47
|
https://www.dogwoodalliance.org/2017/10/southern-communities-demand-change-from-the-eu/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-47/segments/1510934805761.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20171119191646-20171119211646-00725.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.94691 | 1,192 | 2.765625 | 3 |
Children love superheroes with their magical powers and vibrant costumes. These fantastical characters allow their imaginations to go wild and provide the perfect inspiration for craft projects. With a few ideas to get them started, they will love designing their own costume accessories and superhero characters and stories.
Make an eye mask using card stock. Cut out a fat figure 8, about 3 inches at the widest point and long enough to cover the width of your child's face. Hold this sideways over your child's eyes and mark where her eyes are. Remove and cut the eye holes out.
Decorate the mask with pens, paints, stickers or glitter. Make a hole at the top and bottom of your 8, about 1/2 inch from the edge. Stick clear adhesive tape around the holes to strengthen them. Thread elastic string through one hole, knot it in place and then measure the right length to fit around her head before fastening the other end.
Cuffs and Shield
Use the inner tube of a toilet roll to make superhero cuffs. Cut the tube in half to make two shorter tubes and decorate the tubes with pens and by gluing on glitter and your own accessories. For example, a bottle lid could be a button to launch his spider web or aluminium foil could be the dial for morphing into an alien. Cut a slit all the way down one side of each cuff so they will fit over any wrist.
Cut out your own superhero shield shape from a piece of card stock and decorate it. Glue a strip of card stock on the back in a loop shape for the handle.
Use a big piece of butcher paper to make a wall poster or stick pieces of card stock together using clear adhesive tape until you have the required poster size. Copy and then paint a picture of your favourite superhero on the poster. For a smaller project, print pictures of superheroes from the Internet to colour in.
Design and draw a brand new superhero and costume. Give him a name and invent his unique superpowers.
Make your own superhero comic. Fold large pieces of card stock or paper in half and slot them inside each other until you have enough pages to contain your story.
Use a hole punch to punch a hole through all the pages about 1/2 inch from the fold. Do this about a quarter of the way from the top and the bottom. Stick clear adhesive tape around the holes to reinforce them. Thread a piece of yarn or string through each hole and knot them to hold the pages together.
Split each page into squares to create a comic strip or just use each page to create a different part of your story. Cut out pictures from magazines or comics or draw your own to create a superhero story.
|
<urn:uuid:b05ce7ba-2d3b-4b6f-bcf3-7864c457d98d>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-30
|
http://www.ehow.co.uk/list_6005679_superhero-crafts-kids.html
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-30/segments/1500549424960.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20170725022300-20170725042300-00447.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.907506 | 548 | 2.921875 | 3 |
Our most demanding project.
We want to lead our pupils through eight years of secondary school education and to give them the feeling of being brought up bilingually. English as a working language means to be taught in English in nearly every topic (as far as our resources can reach!). Native speakers from Great Britain, Canada, Australia and the USA as assistant teachers ensure control of the quality of our English.
An increased number of English lessons in combination with a large amount of specialized vocabulary and an intense contact with the Anglo-American school system and culture should give our pupils a good start into life in the European Union.
Furthermore, six years of French, four years of Latin and three years of Russian or Spanish are included in this curriculum.
Gymnasium / EU
In the school year 1995/96 the Europagymnasium introduced English as the language of instruction in one class per year group. This means that subjects such as biology, geography, history, etc. are taught in English. These classes are known as “EU-classes” but do not differ from regular classes apart from the language of instruction. “Native-teachers” (whose first language is English) join the teaching staff. Additionally, students can voluntarily join the Drama-class to foster their joy and passion for the English language and to improve their oral communication skills. At the moment, there are “EU-classes” in each age group from 1 to 8. As the “native-teachers”, who support the bilingual classes, are not paid by the government, parents cover these additional costs paying 400 € per year.
Since there is only one “EU-class” every school year, admission interviews take place each year. Parents will be informed in writing about the exact date of the interview.
Another selection criterion is the school report of the 4th form of elementary school is another selection criterion, which has to be submitted to the school administration in the process of enrolment.
Subjects with English as a language of instruction
Art, biology, chemistry, physics, geography, history, computer science, sport, music, psychology and handicrafts.
English from year 1, French from year 3, Latin from year 5, Russian and Spanish can be chosen as compulsory subjects in the years 6, 7 and 8.
Acquiring of International Qualifications
Students have to take the Cambridge First Certificate in the 5th and the Cambridge Advanced Certificate (Ci) in the 7th form. In the 7th form, students can also take the DELF B1 Certificate in French.
There is a two-week stay in an English-speaking country in the 4th form and a one-week trip to France in the 7th form.
Festivals and Activities
Christmas Show, Spring Festival, Drama evenings, workshops, excursions, projects
|
<urn:uuid:01d230be-e3b3-4fef-a7f4-45cdcce7e753>
|
CC-MAIN-2020-16
|
http://www.europagymnasium.at/index.php/eu-klassen/?lang=en
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-16/segments/1585370506673.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20200402045741-20200402075741-00357.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.95481 | 589 | 2.59375 | 3 |
The Cathedral was originally named St Olav’s Church, and was a small parish church. The town’s cathedral in the Middle Ages was Kristkirken, the Church of Christ, which was found at Holmen, near Håkon’s Hall. We don’t know much about the early years of the church apart from sources saying that the infamous King Sverre took refuge in the church during a battle in 1181.
St Olav’s Church was conveyed to the Fransiscan order sometime in the first half of the 13th century. Fransiscan monks aimed at worshipping Jesus in the same manner as did St Frances of Assisi; through renunciation of earthly goods. Their church was plain, with only one nave and few ornaments. The church burnt twice during the Fransiscan period, both in 1248 and in 1270. King Magnus Håkonsson had the church rebuilt in 1270. Magnus was allegedly buried in the church choir, but the king’s remains have never been located.
The church was part of a Fransiscan convent also offering schooling, where King Magnus the Lawmender is said to have received education in the convent school.
After the Reformation in 1537 St Olav’s Church became Cathedral of Bergen. The Church of Christ on Holmen had already been torn down. The new Cathedral was improved and extended, and even got its first organ from Bremen. After each big fire in Bergen, the Cathedral has been rebuilt, improved and extended.
The churchyard surrounding the Cathedral was according to Edvard Edvardsen extended in 1618 “due to the plague”. In his book about Bergen written in the second half of the 17th century, he also mentions the Bishop’s house and its large garden, which was supposed to have been particularly rich and beautiful. It contained fish ponds and all kinds of herbs, a hop garden and wonderful trees. Even fruit trees from abroad were cultivated in the garden, such as figs, vine, chestnut, coriander and laurel. During warm summers these trees carried fruit. The garden has since disappeared.
Johan Nordahl Brun was bishop in Bergen from 1804 to 1816. First as a priest in Korskirken and later as bishop, he was famous for being a great orator. Listeners would shiver and get goose pimples listening to him in church. He was also a wonderful poet, having written some our most beautiful hymns, and not least the “national song of Bergen” – Sang til Bergen. Brun was even known as an enthusiastic nationalist, wanting to rid Norway of its foreign ruler – Denmark.
Another well-known bishop in Bergen in the middle of the 19th century was Jacob Neuman. He was greatly concerned with the street beggars, who he often found pushy and impertinent. During church confirmations the beggars would gather outside the churches, waiting for the congregations to come out. They would then demand hand-outs, and if they were denied they would growl and swear.
The Cathedral’s tower was used by watchmen from 1624 till 1903. The watchmen, who were lookouts for fire, undertook a very important task. Bergen Cathedral, and two other churches, Nykirken – the New Church, and Korskirken – the Church of the Cross – housed watchmen in the towers on a regular basis. They also kept fire extinguishing equipment, such as leather buckets, axes, ladders and ropes.
- christoffer, [email protected]
- Fin side detta, bruker den til og lese på, interessant om denne kirken.
- Renathe, [email protected]
- Denne siden er den beste jeg har sett om klostre hittil!
- Merry Berry,
- Har brukt denn siden til et prosjekt på skolen. Siden er veldig flott, men det kunne nok vært litt flere bilder på siden.
Litt leit å høre at den har brent så mange ganger og hva er grunnen til at det har brent så mange ganger? Kirken har en veldig fin historie bak seg=)
- Arne Kvalsund, [email protected]
- Dere har laget en fin historisk oversikt over Bergen Domkirke.
Som et tillegg til kirkemusikk-aktiviteten som foregår i kirken ,mener jeg det vil være på sin plass og nevne det andre koret som M.Mangersnes dirigerer og som har sin "base" i domkirken,nemlig Bergen Oratoriekor.
Bare som et tips!.
Hilsen Arne Kvalsund
|
<urn:uuid:d7eb0d9c-632d-4379-a033-c7131617fce2>
|
CC-MAIN-2014-23
|
http://www.histos.no/bergen/vis.php?kat=1&id=25&spr=en
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-23/segments/1406510274967.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20140728011754-00459-ip-10-146-231-18.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.950566 | 1,100 | 3.109375 | 3 |
Basically, Big A estimated the value of pi by measuring the perimeter of a polygon which had been circumscribed around a circle with a radius of 1, then measuring the permiter of a similar polygon inscribed within that circle, then averaging the result. If you give your polygons more sides, your estimate becomes more accurate.
The problem I’m having is that the math described at MathWorld uses trigonometry. If Archimedes knew how to use trigonometric functions, then he must have known the value of pi. I was hoping that this could be a rare instance where Wikipedia trumps MathWorld, but their relevant article is just as useless, merely describing how the problem is easier to solve using integral calculus.
Was Archimedes’ exercise largely academic, or did he use non-trigonometric math? If the former, then what’s the big deal? If the latter, then exactly what was his method?
This doesn’t follow. Surely, he knew some things which would be lumped under the modern classification of trigonometry, but that doesn’t mean he knew all of it. He must, for instance, have had some system of measuring angles, but he probably didn’t use radians. Likewise, there are some angles whose sine and cosine can be determined by means other than the power series expansions or other radian-dependent methods.
This site ESCAPE.COM - PROVIDING ONLINE SERVICES SINCE 1987 explains it, although I couldn’t follow the logic because it explains it in terms of trigonometry and then “works back” to how Archimedes did it without trig. I gather that it says that he could solve the equation for two inscribed hexagons geometrically and then by extension work out the formula for doubling the sides/ halving the angles successively for 12, 24, 48 and 96 sides.
Hi SP. No, Archimedes did not use the concepts of trigonometry as we understand them today (chords, sines, cosines), although he was thoroughly familiar with the geometry of right triangles.
To see what he actually did to get an estimate of the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter in his treatise Measurement of a Circle, gird up your mathematical loins and go read the treatise itself in Thomas Heath’s English translation. (It is somewhat of a paraphrase/interpretation of the original Greek rather than an exact literal translation, but it should give you quite a good idea of what Archimedes was really up to.)
You can find part of the translation reproduced online here. It only takes you up through the proof of Proposition 1, though, at which point you can switch over to the Cliffs Notes summary provided here, which somewhat simplifies Archimedes’ actual procedure but is more faithful than a trig-based explanation.
It wasn’t, because modern trigonometric formulas weren’t known back then. What Lumpy’s link showed was a modern trigonometric interpretation of the triangle geometry that Archimedes was actually using. What Archimedes invoked to get his “half-angle” results was not a “half-angle formula” per se but rather Proposition 3 of Book 6 of Euclid’s Elements:
|
<urn:uuid:57af668d-d02c-44df-a587-a48e688adf39>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://boards.straightdope.com/t/no-really-what-math-did-archimedes-use-to-calculate-pi/403264
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100184.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20231130094531-20231130124531-00722.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.948916 | 697 | 3.5 | 4 |
Like animals and bugs, the plants in Florida serve only one purpose; that is to kill you. Not just you, but your pets, too. Yet, we plant them in our gardens and use them in the city parks.
Oleanders – deadly poisonous native of the Mediterranean;
Castor Bean – a native of Africa that produces ricin;
Rosary Pea – a native from the Old World (wherever THAT is) that produces abrin;
Gloriosa Lily – a native of Africa that produces several toxic compounds like alkaloid colchicine;
King Sago – a poisonous cycad from Japan that produces BMAA and cycasin;
Spotted Water Hemlock – a member of the carrot family that produces nerve poisons
When you create your garden, use native plants for a more balanced yard that attracts pollinators and birds.
Here are some that are in my yard:
- American Beautyberry
- Black-eyed Susan
- Blazing Star
- Coral Honeysuckle
- Elliott’s Aster
- Scarlet Salvia
If you want to read more on setting up a native landscape, here are some books that I suggest:
If you purchase something after clicking this link, I might earn a few pennies from the purchase. Thank you!
|
<urn:uuid:28c35170-c620-46d0-b7ba-e843fb40e015>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-23
|
https://julielcleveland.com/poisonous-plants-to-avoid-in-florida-landscaping/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224653183.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20230606214755-20230607004755-00669.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.917251 | 279 | 2.921875 | 3 |
HS Code or Harmonised System code uses the Harmonised System. In Singapore, the HS code of goods is an 8-digit code. Also widely known as the ASEAN Harmonised Tariff Nomenclature (AHTN) code, it is harmonised at the 8-digit level across all ASEAN member countries.
HS codes are required in the permit declarations of goods. Customs department around the region use HS codes to determine the tariffs, controls and rule of origin applicable to the goods. With these information, collection of data for trade statistics is then easier, more accurate and efficient.
What is Harmonised System?
The Harmonised Commodity Description and Coding System, or simply the Harmonised System, is an international nomenclature (at 6-digit level). Developed by the World Customs Organisation to help in the classification of goods.
What if the wrong HS Code is used?
Internationally, the first 6 digits are similar. In many jurisdictions, the correct classification of the goods is the responsibility of the trader. When the wrong HS Code is used, it could lead to non-compliance penalties, border delays, seizure of goods, denial of import privileges and more. This also depends on how stringent the country’s import or export customs department is.
The various controlling agencies for the control of certain items or strategic goods use HS Code to determine the imports into or exports out of a country. This acts as a guideline on which shipment needs more attention than others. With globalisation, the movement volume of shipment around the world is increasingly tremendously.
For example, any food related products would be in the purview of the Agri-Food & Veterinary Authority of Singapore (known as Singapore Food Agency [SFA] from April 2019). If declared wrongly, revoking the company’s license to import or export is not the only issue. Future import or export shipments may face difficulties and more stringent questioning or checks. The company could face punishments like fines and seizure of shipments too.
A recent case was the declaration of food items which do not contain meat and seafood on the import documents. This was a outright false declaration as the instant hotpot food product contained meat. The authorities punished the importer accordingly and seized all related products.
SFA conducts inspections and surveillance, including sampling for testing, on imported food products. This is to ensure they comply with the necessary requirements and standards. Importing food products containing meat can only be from approved sources that comply with SFA food-safety standards and requirements, as these products could carry animal and food-borne diseases of public health and trade importance. Licensed food importers are required to ensure that the food products comply with the SFA’s food-safety requirements and standards, regardless of the channel of sale.
|
<urn:uuid:d5bf47e9-c31d-4232-9a67-1fc9fcbdebce>
|
CC-MAIN-2020-34
|
https://adklogistics.com/2017/12/what-is-hs-code/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-34/segments/1596439738723.55/warc/CC-MAIN-20200810235513-20200811025513-00390.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.926899 | 572 | 2.578125 | 3 |
Solar power in the Middle East seems simultaneously logical (sun-scorched deserts everywhere) and illogical (all that oil!). That contradiction lay just under the surface in March as United Arab Emirates president Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan flipped the ceremonial switch to ramp up the new Shams 1 solar thermal power plant toward its 100-megawatt capacity. The U.A.E. is at the head of the renewable energy pack in the region, but several of the “Gulf monarchies,” all major contributors to the world’s oil supplies, are starting to set goals to cut back on consuming the hydrocarbons they produce in favor of sustainable, climate-friendly energy sources. Are they really going to leave some of that black gold in the ground forever? Or are projects like the US $600 million Shams 1 just shiny distractions in a plan to push oil profits farther into the future?
Abu Dhabi, the biggest and most oil-rich of the seven semiautonomous emirates in the U.A.E., has a goal of getting 7 percent of its electricity from renewable sources by 2020. Saudi Arabia, the world’s largest oil producer, is even more ambitious. The Saudi government hopes to just about double its installed electricity capacity by building 54 gigawatts of renewable energy (as well as 17.6 GW of nuclear power) by 2032, of which 41 GW will come from the sun. Qatar is also turning to renewables, with a plan on the table to get 10 percent of the electricity and energy used in water desalination from solar by 2018. Kuwait, too, has ambitions for 10 percent renewables by 2020.
The environmental rhetoric that surrounds these plans and targets can be impressive. But at the Shams 1 dedication, the talk was also about extending the number of years that the U.A.E. can keep pumping oil. “In the near term, hydrocarbons will continue to be a vital commodity and source of energy, especially with global energy demand expected to double by 2050,” says Bader Al Lamki, director of clean energy for Masdar, the U.A.E. company behind Shams 1 and other renewables projects. “The U.A.E.’s investment in renewable energy, although [it] will help extend the lifetime of our hydrocarbon reserves, is geared at ensuring the longevity of the overall economic, social, and environmental benefits…of our nation and the world.”
Outsized and rapidly growing domestic consumption in the U.A.E., Saudi Arabia, and other countries in the region is pushing the drive for nuclear and renewable energy, but only so that the oil-based economies can continue to thrive in the future, says Bernard Haykel, a professor of Near Eastern studies at Princeton University who leads a program on oil and energy in the Middle East.
Laura El-Katiri, a research fellow at the Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, in England, agrees, but she doesn’t expect it to extend the oil years by much. “The Gulf states… are exceptionally dependent on hydro carbons, primarily oil and natural gas, so the decision to introduce a small share of renewables will not turn around this balance fundamentally,” she says. “Renewable energy technology also poses its own challenges in the region, including in the technical and regulatory arenas, which means no renewable energy revolution should be expected in the region overnight.”
At present, the chances of the U.A.E. meeting its 7 percent renewables goal seem slim. Even at today’s peak demand, meeting that goal would require another 15 solar plants on the scale of Shams 1, and the U.A.E.’s demand has been growing so dramatically in recent years that it has become a net importer of natural gas. What’s more, there are difficulties involved in desert construction, including dust, high winds, and transmission requirements.
At root, it’s what lies under the desert that will hold back a renewable revolution above it. Saudi Arabia has more than 264 billion barrels of proven crude oil reserves. The U.A.E. and Kuwait each sit on about 100 billion barrels, and Qatar has just over 25 billion of its own. A few shiny mirrors in the Abu Dhabi desert may delay the burning of some of that oil for a few years, but without major political and economic shifts, it probably won’t stay buried for long.
|
<urn:uuid:d1d806f6-fcdd-47f3-99dc-fbf1664f4bc5>
|
CC-MAIN-2013-48
|
http://spectrum.ieee.org/green-tech/solar/a-solar-mirage-in-the-middle-east
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-48/segments/1386163052286/warc/CC-MAIN-20131204131732-00021-ip-10-33-133-15.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.951143 | 928 | 2.578125 | 3 |
If you have been following our Facebook and Twitter pages or reading our blog you have probably heard a lot about this wonderful thing called “Arduino”. Although most of you are probably well versed in what Arduino is, some of our readers may have no idea. For this weeks Skill Sunday we have put together a brief introduction about exactly what Arduino is and why you should be interested, you can find it here.
Just discovered what Arduino is an would like to learn how to use it yourself? Checkout our Experimenter's Kit for Arduino - as used in many classroom and learning environments:
The package includes a wide variety of parts, sensors and modules including: a servo motor, lights, buttons, switches, sound, sensors, breadboard, wires and more. Furthermore a Freetronics Eleven Arduino-compatible board is included to make this an extensive hobby experimenter, inventor and starter kit. The kit also includes a great project and instruction booklet, plus access to a supporting web page and software examples. To get started or for more information and to pre-order (just in time for Christmas), check out the product page.
|
<urn:uuid:383e1d16-57da-4557-9846-09b01fc47d8a>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-26
|
https://www.freetronics.com.au/blogs/news/skill-sunday-what-is-arduino
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-26/segments/1498128320261.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20170624115542-20170624135542-00290.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.935771 | 231 | 3.046875 | 3 |
Modern Architectures in History
Distributed for Reaktion Books
Spanning from 1945 through today, the book examines Brazilian architecture beyond the works of renowned architects such as Oscar Niemeyer and the “Carioca” architects of Rio de Janeiro. Williams investigates issues such as the use of historic architecture, the importance of leisure and luxury, the role of the favela as a backdrop and inspiration for development, and the rapid growth of cities. From the designated world heritage site of Brasilia—a capital city that was planned from the ground up—to the installation work of artists such as Hélio Oiticica, Brazil delves into the origins and far-reaching influence of Brazil’s architectural modernism.
At a moment when Latin America is of increasing importance in global business and culture, Brazil will be an essential read for all scholars of architecture and Latin American history.
"With this unbiased though not dispassionate history covering the 1930s to the present, Richard Williams considers Brazilian architecture's modernity within an expanded framework of Brazil's cultural and political movements. In this way, he breaks through the frozen narratives of Brazilian history, questioning canonical definitions of modernity, and taking into account the complexities of this vast country. Brazil is a hugely welcome, refreshing and penetrating book."
|
<urn:uuid:1d6e4633-33ff-4972-be2e-6cfa22798f39>
|
CC-MAIN-2014-15
|
http://www.press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/distributed/B/bo6165995.html
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-15/segments/1398223205137.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20140423032005-00625-ip-10-147-4-33.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.923924 | 266 | 2.953125 | 3 |
When Should I Get My Child Tested?
Additionally, Westside has an online autism screener that can be used for younger children to guide parents in knowing whether or not a diagnostic evaluation for autism makes sense.
Ages a Child Can Be Diagnosed
According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), a reliable autism diagnosis can be performed as early as age 2. Despite this, the average age of an autism diagnosis is 4 ½ years. The difference is related to the variations in the development and speed of each child. For example, other findings show that very young children with language delays can show symptoms that could be confused with autism (e.g reductions of eye contact , range of vocalizations, emotional reciprocity). For this reason, many providers are reluctant to diagnose before the age of 3.
Who Can Diagnose a Child With Autism?
Psychological and medical professionals have different levels of experience and qualifications in diagnosing autism. Good evaluation are completed by professionals with an understanding of the presentation of autism across the developmental span. They also have training in the administration and interpretation of specific testing measures. Professionals that may test for autism include:
It is important to note that there are two common types of autism diagnoses: medical and educational. There are significant differences between these two types.
A medical diagnosis is given by a psychologist or physician following an evaluation of symptoms and diagnostic tests. These providers determine whether the child meets the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders– 5th Edition (DSM-5) criteria for autism. A medical diagnosis is required by insurance companies to receive therapy services such as ABA Therapy.
An educational determination of autism is given when the school determines that the child meets the IDEA eligibility category of autism. The DSM-5 is not used in this determination. Insurance will not accept an education diagnosis for coverage of therapy services.
Schools cannot give a medical diagnosis of autism. If a child has a medical diagnosis of autism but does not qualify under IDEA eligibility, it does not necessarily mean they are refusing to acknowledge an existing diagnosis.
Autism Tests That Are Conducted
Various tools and measures help providers assess a child’s overall functioning in: (1) social communication, (2) presence of repetitive behaviors, and (3) restricted interests. The following information is generally included in testing:
Detailed information regarding the child’s developmental history from parent or caregiver.
Interactive assessment including questions and play-based activities to evaluate a child’s communication, social interactions, and behaviors associated with a diagnosis of autism. This can include the ADOS-2 or MIGDAS-2.
A personalized set of questionnaires (e.g. BASC-3) to determine whether the symptoms reflect Autism Spectrum Disorder and/or another diagnosis(es).
Supporting information from other individuals (e.g., teacher) who have worked with the child to understand behavior across settings.
The Results of a Diagnostic Evaluation
Autism is not a “yes” or “no” condition. Autism is a spectrum because of its wide array of symptoms and severity. When evaluating autism, we don’t look for specific symptoms in isolation. Instead, it is the combination of numerous symptoms and functional impairments that points to autism.
Young children (3 and younger) who have a diagnosis often display more apparent behavioral differences (reduced social communication and repetitive or restricted behaviors) and have other developmental delays. Other individuals with autism may not receive a diagnosis until young or late adulthood. This is attributable to more subtle differences and symptoms that are often attributed to other conditions (e.g., ADHD, OCD).
What Happens After an Autism Diagnosis?
Many parents report mixed feelings following an autism diagnosis – hope, sadness, relief, guilt. It is important to remember that your child is the same person they have always been. The difference is that the family has a better understanding of their needs and how to support them.
After an evaluation, parents are encouraged to educate themselves more about autism. This helps parents understand how autism impacts their child’s behavior and how to interact with them.
Parents are often encouraged to seek services or therapies to support their child. This can include Speech/Language Therapy, Applied Behavioral Analysis (ABA), Occupational Therapy, or other Physical Therapy. Social skills groups offer valuable opportunities to develop the skills needed to engage with others in an appropriate manner.
It is also suggested that parents share diagnosis information with school staff and family members. This can produce additional support at school and from the extended family.
Self-care is especially important for parents, who tend to experience more stress than parents dealing with other disabilities. It is important that parents “recharge their own batteries” to be better able to help their child. This includes nourishing themselves emotionally, mentally, and physically. Seeking balance between caring for their child and themselves helps maintain a higher quality of life.
Access to Services After a Diagnosis
With an autism diagnosis, many private insurance companies cover Applied Behavioral Analysis (ABA) services for children 21 years and younger. Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) is a therapy based on the science of learning and behavior that focuses on improving social, communication and learning skills through reinforcement.
|
<urn:uuid:9bc9e69f-3702-40d9-ba9a-395f4596510b>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-14
|
https://westsidechildrenstherapy.com/diagnosing-autism/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296945182.12/warc/CC-MAIN-20230323163125-20230323193125-00427.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.943839 | 1,111 | 3.109375 | 3 |
We all want to live in a healthy and clean environment, but with so much pollution and toxins around us, it can be hard to know where to start.
Whether you're concerned about your home, workplace, or community, there are plenty of steps you can take to make sure that you're breathing fresh air and living in a safe space.
In this blog post, we'll explore some simple tips and tricks for creating a healthier environment wherever you go. From purifying the air to reducing waste, let's dive into the world of clean living!
Proper ventilation means ensuring that your home is properly ventilated. Ventilation is the process of transferring indoor air to the outside environment. Proper ventilation prevents moisture and pollutants from accumulating, as well as provides fresh air for you and your family.
Doors and windows
Open all doors and windows at least one inch to allow fresh air in. This will help reduce humidity levels and increase airflow throughout your home.
Use an exhaust fan to remove stale or polluted air from specific areas of your home. By doing this, you'll prevent mold and other health issues from developing.
Install smart thermostats that adjust their settings based on weather conditions. This will help regulate indoor temperatures while keeping your home healthy and clean.
Regular cleaning is one of the easiest ways to maintain a healthy and clean environment. By having a clean house, you can avoid the spread of harmful bacteria and pests. Here are simple tips for regular cleaning:
Sweep and mop your floors regularly. Use a broom to sweep the floor and a dustpan to collect the dirt. Mopping is especially important if there is any liquid or food on the floor; it will help remove all of the mess.
Windows and door sills
Clean your windows and door sills regularly. Wipe down both sides of each window with a damp cloth, then use a cloth or paper towel to dry them off completely. Be sure to keep your door hinges clean too – occasionally wiping them down with a damp cloth will keep them in good condition.
Appliances and surfaces
Clean your appliances and surfaces frequently. Keeping appliances clean – including your stovetop, dishwasher, oven, microwave, and condiments – will prevent the build-up of residue that can harbor harmful bacteria and pests. Likewise, make sure all surfaces in your kitchen are clean, including countertops, cabinets, walls, and tabletop appliances like griddles or mixers.
Furniture and around
Clean behind furniture regularly. Most people don’t realize how much dirt accumulates behind furniture – especially if they have pets! Check around baseboards, underneath sofas and chairs, around outlets and cords (especially where they come out of the wall), and behind bookshelves.
Vacuuming around furniture can help to keep the environment hygienic and clean of any dust and pet hair. Wiping furniture down with a damp cloth will help to remove any dirt, dust, and debris.
The control of moisture in the environment is one of the most important elements in maintaining healthy living conditions. Most homes are equipped with air conditioning and heating systems that work to keep the interior temperature comfortable, but they can also lead to excess moisture accumulation.
This excess moisture can cause several problems, including contributing to mold and mildew growth, leading to structural damage, and increasing the risk of accidents. There are a few things that you can do to help control moisture in your home:
Keep your windows closed during humid weather. This will help reduce the amount of outdoor air that can enter your home, and it will also help to keep humidity levels within acceptable limits.
Use a dehumidifier
A dehumidifier can be a great way to reduce the amount of moisture in your home, and it is also helpful in combating mildew and mold growth. Make sure to properly maintain your dehumidifier so that it lasts for years without any problems.
Ventilate your home
When ventilation is inadequate, humidity levels inside buildings can become excessive. Make sure to open all vents located near areas where moisture gathers (like attics and basements), and install fans if necessary to distribute fresh air throughout your home.
Living in a healthy and clean home is important, not just for ourselves, but for all those who live with us. Taking the time to be mindful of our cleaning and health practices will ensure a healthier and happier home.
Make changes today towards improving your home's health and cleanliness for a better quality of living for everyone.
|
<urn:uuid:094e472d-ec10-41d3-9ff8-2272033b5388>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-14
|
https://zerxza.com/home-decor/how-to-make-sure-you-live-in-a-healthy-and-clean-environment/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296948951.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20230329054547-20230329084547-00337.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.937681 | 949 | 3.0625 | 3 |
- Language Tips
For a long time, Egypt has had three major political forces - secular political parties, the military and the Islamist (and Islamic) parties led by the Muslim Brotherhood. The military had backed the secular governments and kept MB under check for decades, though the party's candidates began contesting elections as independents at the turn of the century. Now, they have won the parliamentary elections.
Even after the ouster of former president Hosni Mubarak, the three remain the main political forces in Egypt. But the balance of power has undergone a radical change. The National Democratic Party of Egypt, the largest secular party, was dissolved in 2011. Secular forces were seriously weakened, while the Islamists saw an unprecedented rise in their support.
During the Mubarak era, Egypt had 20-odd political parties, while now there are more than 40 - 12 Islamic political parties, nine political parties formed by members of the now dissolved NDP, six centrist parties, five liberal parties, five center-left parties, two (former president Abdel) Nasserist parties, two socialist parties, a few old political parties such as the Umma, and some parties without political affiliations or clear political views.
In the 2011 parliamentary elections, the Freedom and Justice Party formed by MB won 235 seats and became the largest party in the parliament. The Al-Nour Party, floated by the Islamist Salafi group, won 107 seats, becoming the second largest party. Altogether, the Islamist and Islamic parties won about 66 percent of the seats.
In June, MB candidate Mohamed Morsi won the presidential runoff by a narrow margin over Ahmed Shafik, the prime minister under deposed leader Mubarak. Morsi won 51.7 percent of the votes and Shafik, 48.3 percent.
But even before the new president had taken office, the military swung into action and set up barriers in MB's path. On June 17, the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces issued the Supplemental Constitutional Declaration that stripped the president of some of his powers and dissolved the parliament. On July 10, Egypt's Supreme Constitutional Court rejected President Morsi's decree ordering the dissolved parliament to resume session.
But the newly elected president has tried to wrest his full powers through a series of political decisions. On Aug 12, Morsi sacked Hussein Tantawi, the defense minister, and Sami Anan, the chief of staff of the army. He also ordered the navy, air defense and air force commanders to retire prematurely. The president named career army officer Lt Gen Abdel-Fattah el-Sissi to replace Tantawi and Lt Gen Sidki Sayed Ahmed to succeed Anan. Tantawi and Anan were appointed advisers to the president and given Egypt's highest medal of honor.
Simultaneously, Morsi annulled the Supplemental Constitutional Declaration of the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces and issued a new constitutional declaration that gave him the power to choose a new assembly for drafting Egypt's new constitution.
Morsi's political purge has given him the upper hand against the military. Whether the constitutional commission can finish drafting a new constitution in time and, if yes, the nature of its content will determine Egypt's future: Islamist (or Islamic), or secular.
The power game, however, will continue among the various forces even after the military's status is lowered or its wings are clipped.
The Islamist parties now hold the legislative and the executive, and will not miss this "once-in-a-lifetime" opportunity to get their political (religious) beliefs embedded in the constitution and practiced in society, especially after being repressed for decades. But if they go too far in their Islamization drive, they will have to confront the secular elites and the military leading to social unrest. And this is not something any of the parties desires.
Therefore, Egypt faces a future of constant competition and compromise between the secular and religious forces. In other words, Egypt's stability depends, to a large extent, on how far Morsi will go in his Islamization drive.
Morsi will promote the rapid growth of Islamist forces in Egypt and help expand the reach of Islamist forces in the Middle East. Besides, MB's victory in Egypt should come as "good news" for Hamas in the Gaza Strip, Hezbollah in Lebanon, and Islamist forces in Iran, Jordan and other countries.
Experience tells us that Islamic waves have not necessarily played a positive role in helping promote democracy in the true sense of the term in the Middle East. It is impossible to achieve sustainable economic development without peace and stability. And without a solid economic base and a modern legal system, it is impossible for a country to embrace sound democracy.
No country can achieve democracy overnight. Nor can democracy be ushered in through street demonstrations. Middle East countries can establish a democratic system only by achieving stability, accelerating their economic development and building a modern legal system, and this road for them seems to be tortuous.
The author is a researcher in Middle East Studies at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.
(China Daily 08/27/2012 page9)
|
<urn:uuid:45879238-5599-49c5-bdf4-35c1828497d8>
|
CC-MAIN-2013-48
|
http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/opinion/2012-08/27/content_15707652.htm
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-48/segments/1386164568332/warc/CC-MAIN-20131204134248-00031-ip-10-33-133-15.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.956559 | 1,024 | 3.015625 | 3 |
The purpose of this study was to reflect upon factors which influence creative expression. As part of this project, I spent a year at the Orff Institut in Salzburg, Austria, a music and movement environment which values creative expression. The line of study presented me with a variety of expressive experiences that integrated movement, song, speech, instruments and visual art. The course also showed a commitment to the development of artistic technique and skill.
Before starting my course of study in Salzburg, I undertook a literature review on theories of creativity, the creative process, and conditions which foster creative expression. I used this research as my knowledge base to begin a reflective written and video journal of creative experiences I encountered at the Orff Institut. As a result of analysis and reflective process, a series of nine philosophical and two methodological values were formulated and applied to my own teaching. Lesson plans which reflect these values are included in an appendix.
A video program was created as an integral part of this project. Examples of creative strategies and selected applications are documented on videotape.
Experiences where one is encouraged to share unique expressions and to find alternative answers to problems give participants an opportunity to develop aesthetic sensitivity, to know themselves and their potential, to know their community, to know their world and ultimately to be creative participants in their world.
|
<urn:uuid:4ca33307-6105-4357-ad7f-85087523996b>
|
CC-MAIN-2014-15
|
http://www.stthomas.edu/music/graduate/research/archive/1997Woodward.html
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-15/segments/1398223203235.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20140423032003-00601-ip-10-147-4-33.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.955414 | 269 | 2.53125 | 3 |
Synopsis of "Science" Article:
"In 1870 the German scientist Ernst Haeckel mapped the evolutionary
relationships of plants and animals in the first 'tree of life'. Since then
scientists have continuously redrawn and expanded the tree adding
microorganisms and using modern molecular data, yet, many parts of the tree
have remained unclear. Now a group-in-the European Molecular Biology
Laboratory [EMBL] in Heidelberg has developed a computational method that
resolves many of the open questions and produced what is likely the most
accurate tree ever. The study, which appears in the current issue of the
journal Science, gives some intriguing insights into the origins of bacteria
and the last common universal ancestor of all life on earth today."
"DNA sequences of complete genomes provide us with a direct record of
evolution", says Peer Bork, Associate Coordinator for Structural and
Computational Biology-in-EMBL, whose group carried out the project. "For a
long time the overwhelming amount of data [the human genome alone contains
enough information to fill 200 telephone books] has made it very difficult
to pinpoint the information needed for a high-resolution map of evolution.
But our study shows how this challenge can be tackled by combining different
computational methods in an automated process."
F. D. Ciccarelli, T. Doerks, C. von Mering, C. J. Creevey, B. Snel & P.
Bork. Towards automatic reconstruction of a highly resolved tree of life.
Science, 3 March 2006.
- Doug Sharp, on the still-frozen Martel Lake, WI - home of the elusive
/ This is the discussion list of the North American Native Fishes
/ Association (NANFA). Comments made on this list do not necessarily
/ reflect the beliefs or goals of NANFA. For more information about NANFA,
/ visit http://www.nanfa.org Please make sure all posts to nanfa-l are
/ consistent with the guidelines as per
/ http://www.nanfa.org/guidelines.shtml To subscribe, unsubscribe, or get
/ help, visit the NANFA email list home page and archive at
|
<urn:uuid:db6dda8c-1375-4105-8704-33d9272fb8a7>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-47
|
http://www.nanfa.org/archive/nanfa/nanfa-lmar06/0014.html
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-47/segments/1510934806715.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20171123012207-20171123032207-00263.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.847221 | 472 | 3.421875 | 3 |
Wisdom teeth, also known as third molars, are the last set of molars that typically emerge in your late teens or early twenties. While not everyone experiences problems with their wisdom teeth, many individuals do. These molars can be a source of discomfort, pain, and even potential dental issues.
Wisdom teeth are the last adult teeth to come into the mouth (erupt).
Impacted wisdom teeth can result in pain, damage to other teeth and other dental problems. In some cases, impacted wisdom teeth may cause no apparent or immediate problems.
Why Wisdom Teeth Can Be Problematic
- Lack of Space: Often, there isn’t enough room in the mouth for wisdom teeth to grow in properly. As a result, they may become impacted, causing pain and potential damage to adjacent teeth.
- Impaction: Impacted wisdom teeth are those that cannot fully emerge from the gum line. This condition can lead to infection, cyst formation, and more severe dental problems.
- Orthodontic Issues: Wisdom teeth can exert pressure on surrounding teeth, leading to crowding and shifting. This can undo the results of previous orthodontic work.
Symptoms Wisdom Teeth
Impacted wisdom teeth don’t always cause symptoms. However, when an impacted wisdom tooth becomes infected, damages other teeth or causes other dental problems, you may experience some of these signs or symptoms:
- Red or swollen gums
- Tender or bleeding gums
- Jaw pain
- Swelling around the jaw
- Bad breath
- An unpleasant taste in your mouth
- Difficulty opening your mouth
Regular dental checkups are essential for monitoring the development and health of your wisdom teeth. Here’s what you can expect during these appointments:
Comprehensive Examination: Your dentist will perform a thorough examination of your mouth, including X-rays to assess the position and growth of your wisdom teeth.
Early Detection: Problems with wisdom teeth are often easier to address when detected early. Regular checkups help identify potential issues before they become more serious.
Pain Management: If your wisdom teeth are causing pain or discomfort, your dentist can provide guidance on managing it. They may recommend over-the-counter pain relievers or prescribe stronger medications if necessary.
Orthodontic Concerns: If your wisdom teeth are affecting the alignment of your other teeth, your dentist will monitor your orthodontic condition and may recommend removal if necessary to preserve your smile.
When Wisdom Teeth Removal is Necessary
In some cases, your dentist may recommend wisdom tooth extraction. This common dental procedure can prevent future complications and alleviate pain.
While not everyone experiences issues with their wisdom teeth, it’s crucial to keep a close eye on their development and health. Regular dental checkups are your best defense against potential wisdom teeth woes. By working closely with your dentist and following their advice, you can ensure your oral health remains in excellent condition, with or without those third molars.
They can provide personalized guidance and ensure your smile stays healthy and pain-free.
Your wisdom teeth don’t usually need to be removed if they’re impacted but aren’t causing any problems. This is because there’s no proven benefit of doing this and it carries the risk of complications.
Wisdom tooth extraction in experienced hands is generally a quick and painless procedure. Before any procedure starts I always ensure that you have sufficient anesthetic so that you won’t feel any form of discomfort.
- Dental Fillings and Restorations
- Dental Checkups on a Budget: Maximizing Your Dental Insurance and Cost-Effective Care
- Dental Checkups for Seniors: Special Considerations and Oral Health Tips
- The Role of Nutrition in Dental Health: Foods to Support Strong Teeth Between Checkups
- Preventing Cavities: How Dental Sealants Can Benefit Your Checkup Routine
- Are Dental X-rays Safe? Debunking Myths and Understanding Their Importance in Checkups
- Beyond the Drill: Modern Technologies Transforming Dental Checkups
- Can You Explain The Different Stages of Gum Disease?
- Stress, Bruxism, and Dental Checkups: Protecting Your Teeth from Unconscious Grinding
- Protect Your Heart by Caring For Your Teeth
- Advantages and Disadvantages of Oral Sedation
- Wisdom Teeth Woes: Managing and Monitoring Third Molars During Checkups
- The Journey of a Dental Checkup: Stages of the Dental Check-up
- Dental Checkups for Children
- What Is Gum Disease
|
<urn:uuid:2566e855-ae45-4754-a004-47dd3f47d815>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://force-lifecare.com/wisdom-teeth-woes-managing-and-monitoring-third-molars-during-checkups/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100568.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205204654-20231205234654-00859.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.89839 | 959 | 3 | 3 |
The idea that sexism can have negative consequences within workplaces and specific areas of public life is well-established. But how sexist attitudes on the part of individuals can operate in the aggregate at the societal level — their national economic and social consequences — has not been well documented.
A 2011 study from DePaul University published in Psychological Science, “Sexism and Gender Inequality Across 57 Societies,” examined survey data from nearly 83,000 people measuring levels of sexist ideologies and looked at correlations with data from the U.N. Gender Equality Measure (GEM). As the author explains, “The GEM is a composite measure summarizing the extent of women’s and men’s parity in their shares of managerial and professional jobs, parliamentary seats, and earned income in a society.”
The study’s findings include:
- Even after controlling for changes in society over time, and for differences between as well as within societies, the data suggest that “greater sexism predicts decreases in gender equality over time.”
- Separating and tracking the effects of men’s and women’s expressions of mainstream sexist ideologies shows that “sexism may be a consensual legitimizing myth endorsed by both high-status and low-status groups in the creation of gender hierarchy.”
- As might be expected, the researchers found that “sexism is more prevalent in countries that are less developed and have more gender inequality.”
- Overall, the “results presented here suggest that sexism not only legitimizes gender inequality, but actively makes it worse.” This means that, though “employment decisions, pay inequity, and violence against women” are all important factors in the creation of gender inequality, the “ideological forces that drive these effects and exacerbate the subjugation of women” also demand scrutiny.
The researcher cautions that the precise casual mechanisms that link sexism and inequality still need to be established in future research. However, the study’s author notes three potential avenues: “First, sexism is related to discrimination against women, and discrimination could directly account for sexism’s contribution to the creation of inequality … Second, when adolescents (especially females) endorse sexist gender ideologies, they are less likely to aspire to a university degree, and women who endorse these ideologies earn lower wages than those who do not endorse these ideologies…. Third, sexism may exacerbate societal gender inequality by causing women to perform worse on a variety of tasks, thereby providing an ‘objective’ basis to deny women jobs and promotions.”
Tags: sex crimes, women and work
|
<urn:uuid:2d8f5b3f-6e13-4bf0-b72e-95f124187734>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-34
|
https://journalistsresource.org/studies/international/human-rights/sexism-gender-inequality-across-57-societies
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-34/segments/1502886102663.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20170816212248-20170816232248-00011.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.949181 | 541 | 3.203125 | 3 |
Ghee is made by slowly simmering butter that has been churned from cream. The process separates the milk solids and the water from the butter fat. This slow cooking process also develops a rich almost nutty flavor in the ghee butter.
Ghee is 100% natural and is not stabilized in anyway. The natural cooking process removes the water and milk solids, creating a smooth and spreadable butter. Ghee will last at room temperature for 3-5 months and can be stored longer if kept in a refrigerator.
- Ghee is a natural source for vitamins A, E and K2 which promotes healthy skin and vision. The K2 helps your body to utilize minerals in your diet such as calcium supporting strong bones.
- Consuming ghee helps support weight loss, like other MCT’s (medium-chain fatty acids). Energy from these burn other fats in the body and help to eliminate toxins.
- Short-chain fatty acid butyrate in ghee aids the digestive tract in detoxing.
- Butyrate levels in Ghee help to create a more alkaline system which reduces inflammation throughout the body.
- Ghee helps your body absorb fat-soluble vitamins, helping with leaky gut syndrome, IBS and Chron’s.
- High levels of CLA (conjugated linoleic acid) have been shown in studies to reduce blood pressure.
The Grass-fed butter used in Sun Rain Grow Ghees is higher in Omega-3.
Sun Rain Grow Ghee is lactose free making it paleo and Keto friendly.
|
<urn:uuid:33220900-bc17-414c-8d62-ad0aaec06ee8>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-40
|
https://mariettahealthfood.com/tag/butter/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510208.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20230926111439-20230926141439-00199.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.900487 | 328 | 2.515625 | 3 |
Scrabble word: EXHALE
In which Scrabble dictionary does EXHALE exist?
Definitions of EXHALE in dictionaries:
- verb - expel air
- verb - give out (breath or an odor)
- To breathe out.
- To emit air or vapor.
- To be given off or emitted.
- To blow (something) forth or breathe (something) out.
- To give off; emit: chimneys exhaling dense smoke.
- verb - to expel air or vapor
There are 6 letters in EXHALE: A E E H L X
Scrabble words that can be created with an extra letter added to EXHALE
All anagrams that could be made from letters of word EXHALE plus a wildcard: EXHALE?
Scrabble words that can be created with letters from word EXHALE
Images for EXHALE
SCRABBLE is the registered trademark of Hasbro and J.W. Spear & Sons Limited. Our scrabble word finder and scrabble cheat word builder is not associated with the Scrabble brand - we merely provide help for players of the official Scrabble game. All intellectual property rights to the game are owned by respective owners in the U.S.A and Canada and the rest of the world. Anagrammer.com is not affiliated with Scrabble. This site is an educational tool and resource for Scrabble & Words With Friends players.
|
<urn:uuid:8654229e-8b0a-4f3b-8e72-1849cb051fcf>
|
CC-MAIN-2014-35
|
http://www.anagrammer.com/scrabble/exhale
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-35/segments/1408500800767.23/warc/CC-MAIN-20140820021320-00177-ip-10-180-136-8.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.880674 | 313 | 2.75 | 3 |
WASHINGTON, D.C.--A spacecraft has found "significant deposits of water ice at both poles of the moon," scientists announced at a press conference here today after analyzing data from the first mission to explore the moon in 25 years. The discovery by the dirt-cheap NASA mission, called Lunar Prospector, promises a practically limitless supply of water that could drastically reduce the costs of lunar colonization.
Planetary scientists have speculated on the possibility of water near the lunar poles for decades despite the moon's obvious dryness, because icy comets have presumably been pelting the moon for billions of years. The blistering heat of the sun--which cooks the moon's surface to about 120 degrees Celsius--should have boiled off much of the cometary water. But in theory, a tiny fraction could have been secreted away in the interiors of craters near the poles that are permanently shaded by their rims. Radar probing by a Defense Department spacecraft seemed to detect polar ice in 1996 (Science, 29 November 1996, p. 1495 ), but a subsequent Earth-based radar study contradicted it (Science, 6 June 1997, p. 1527 ).
Lunar Prospector went looking for water in mid-January using an instrument new to planetary exploration. The neutron spectrometer on board, operated by William Feldman of the Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico, recorded neutrons produced by high-energy cosmic rays striking the lunar surface. If these fast-moving neutrons bounce off a hydrogen atom--two of which are found in every water molecule--before ricocheting up to the spacecraft, they will slow down and reveal the presence of water.
After a month of passes over the lunar poles, "we're certain water is there," says Alan Binder of the Lunar Research Institute in Gilroy, California, principal investigator of Lunar Prospector. "The uncertainty is in how much." Something like 0.5% to 1% of the lunar soil near the poles appears to be fine particles of ice, says Binder, which at 5 to 20 liters of water per cubic meter of soil might add up to 10 million to 300 million metric tons of water. "That's a significant quantity," he says. A little heating after being mined could drive water vapor off for collection for drinking, farming, and splitting into hydrogen and oxygen, the perfect rocket fuels. This "moonshine," says Feldman, could allow "a modest amount of colonization for centuries."
|
<urn:uuid:bb173c28-978f-4c22-b95b-3b3b5a054f12>
|
CC-MAIN-2014-15
|
http://news.sciencemag.org/print/1998/03/water-moon
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-15/segments/1397609535095.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20140416005215-00173-ip-10-147-4-33.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.952532 | 501 | 3.765625 | 4 |
Dinosaurs are a diverse group of animals of the clade and superorder Dinosauria. They were the dominant terrestrial vertebrates for over 160 million years, Learn about dinosaurs with KidsDinos. Find out which dinosaur was the largest, which was the smallest, which had the most horns, the longest neck. Mad about dinosaurs? Now you can see them in 3D, get the facts in our dino directory, test yourself in our quiz and play the games that bring them to life.
|
<urn:uuid:82866dec-ec06-4572-b42a-dfbf41b658dd>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-30
|
http://funnyimagegallery.blogspot.com/2011/11/dinosaur-wikipedia-free-encyclopedia.html
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-30/segments/1500549424200.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20170723002704-20170723022704-00002.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.975654 | 100 | 3.046875 | 3 |
“The Crooked Room” is a term coined by Black Intellectual Melissa Harris-Perry in her book “Sister Citizens”. Harris-Perry uses the metaphor of a crooked room in which black women struggle to right themselves to explain why black women’s public actions and political strategies are at times tilted in ways that facilitate their exclusion and marginalization. This crooked room is a space wherein otherness as a whole is subject to clear limitations and boundaries — here oppression shapes the oppressed to the fullest extent.
In contrast, bell hooks' concept of a black radical female subjectivity represents a movement away from the discourse of “good v. bad” representations which fix blackness in relation to whiteness (and the manner in which it is perceived by whiteness), towards a discourse that pushes for transgressive and challenging images of blackness. Thus, radical black subjectivity offers an alternative to the experience of the crooked room, which has been built over years and generations to police black women and construe their existence in narrow and clearly delineated ways.
|
<urn:uuid:a07012d8-8829-4296-b89d-fea2fafc4d51>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-43
|
http://www.colouredconversations.com/new-page-86
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-43/segments/1508187824325.29/warc/CC-MAIN-20171020192317-20171020212317-00116.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.945493 | 218 | 2.796875 | 3 |
Food delivery services offer vital help to thousands otherwise lots of people in america and around the world. Essentially food delivery services are a significant support system for those that want help in ensuring they may have well cooked, prepared meals sent to their door. But where does the service originate? And the way will it help people on a daily basis?
The Healthy Meal Prep Houston started through the Second World War, particularly through the entire Blitz where lots of homes were destroyed and huge swathes in the population were left with no kitchens to cook the meals they eat. The thought was made from the work in the Women’s Volunteer Service who had previously delivered meals to servicemen; transferring this process to families which had lost their houses due to bombing raids.
Pursuing the war the meals delivery programmes designed by the Women’s Volunteer Service were continued. It is thought that the initial using the service occurred around 1947 in Hemel Hempstead. During this period, rather than the vans that are used today, your meals were delivered using old prams. At this point the meals that had been being delivered were predominantly pre cooked and kept warm. In the modern age most local councils have developed similar services although predominantly councils are now using frozen ready meals instead of delivering hot food.
Whilst it absolutely was in the united kingdom that this first food delivery networks are intended the idea soon spread around the world. In the United States the inaugural home delivery service for food was hea1thy in Philadelphia. From 1954 onwards this service strived to give those who were housebound, making sure they received their quota of dietary requirements and would not go hungry. The Philadelphia model was utilized country wide, first in Columbus after which The Big Apple.
Australians were also quick to realise the advantages of food delivery services for the elderly. The very first service in this country was started in 1952, apparently delivered by a woman with a tricycle prior to the Red Cross took to ensure supply could fulfill the demand. Many other services started throughout Australia, including one out of Port Adelaide and Sydney. Today food delivery programmes are established and organised on regional basis.
|
<urn:uuid:893353e6-d09b-4796-9d83-9fc7234fb926>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-43
|
https://souldoutshow.com/93/health-meal-prep-houston-follow-up-on-this-thorough-review-ain-relation-to-health-meal-prep-in-houston/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-43/segments/1508187823997.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20171020082720-20171020102720-00282.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.98771 | 429 | 2.9375 | 3 |
Water Purification System And Its Type
Water is the need of all the people living on planet earth because water participates in almost all body functions like digestion, body waste removal, blood circulation, and various others, so you need to drink water insufficiently. But each time you drink water, ensure that your drinking water is 100% safe and contamination-free.
In India, almost all freshwater sources are heavily contaminated and entirely unsafe for human consumption thus installation of water purification systems has become crucial because a water purification system can eliminate all kinds of contamination from the water and make it safe for human consumption.
However, there are various kinds of water purification methods like boiling & condensation of water, but these processes take a long time compared to the water purification system. A water purification system is technologically advanced, which brings pure and healthy water. Here in this article, we will discuss water purifiers and water softeners.
Various Kinds Of Advanced Water Purification
Here we will be discussing two widely used water purification system, which are
#1. Water purifier
A water purifier is an advanced water purification system that mainly eliminates all kinds of water pollutants from water and makes water safe for human consumption. A water purifier is based on modern and advanced technology, and all of them have their advantages and disadvantages. Some of the modern and advanced water purifiers are
RO Water Purifier
RO (reverse osmosis) water purifier is based on reverse osmosis technology, which is mainly used to eliminate all kinds of contamination present in the water, but it is mainly used in those areas where the dissolved salts are more in water than the microbial contamination.
A reverse osmosis water purifier uses a semipermeable membrane with several pores, traps the contamination based on their microbial size. A RO water purifier does not allow any impurities to pass through it, not even human hair.
UV Water Purifier
A UV water purifier is based on the Ultraviolet rays which helps in microbial contamination removal. This water purifier doesn’t eliminate other contamination except microbial, so it can be used in an area where the microbial contamination is high compared to the other contamination.
In this water purifier, a UV rays illuminating bulb is used, continuously illuminating UV rays that remove microbial contamination from water. A UV ray has high penetration power, which penetrates the microbial cell and destroys their genetic material completely; thus, it kills or suspends the growth of the microbes resulting in microbial contamination-free water.
#2. Water Softener
A doctor fresh water softener is an advanced water purification technology that converts hard water into soft water by replacing calcium and magnesium salts. Water treated by a water softener is not suitable for drinking, but it is good enough to use for bathing and washing.
Salts of calcium and magnesium make water hard, and hard water causes various health issues like skin diseases, wrinkles, and many others. Hard water also leads to the heavy hair fall and malfunctioning of electrical appliances. The salts of calcium and magnesium get deposited inside the electrical appliances due to which the appliance stops working.
Some Benefits Of Having Advance Water Purification System
In the above section, we have discussed that a water purification system eliminates all kinds of contamination from water, but here in this section, we will be discussing some crucial advantages of having a water purification system
- A water purification system protects you from various kinds of waterborne disease as it eliminates all kinds of disease-causing agents from water
- Drinking pure & healthy water improves your immune system, and a healthy immune system always protect you from a foreign invader
- Water purification system also improves drinking water taste. As we know, water is naturally odourless and colourless, but it is a pollutant that adds some unpleasant odour to water, but water treated by a water purification system are free from impurities thus taste of water improves automatically
- Improves your digestion and reduces your constipation issues. Generally, contaminated water leads to the constipation issues
Water is crucial and fundamental as it participates in almost all body function; thus, our elders and various professionals guide us to drink optimum water concentration. Drinking optimum water concentration maintains your body’s hydration, which is crucial for living healthy, but it is only possible when you consume pure and contamination-free water. Almost every freshwater source is healthy contamination; thus, only a water purification system can bring pure and contamination-free water. Now depending upon the needs, you can buy a water purifier or water softer. If you are looking for pure drinking water, install a water purifier or suffer from hard water, then install a water softener.
|
<urn:uuid:1dea99a8-bc8d-4066-9c7e-7e71a731f862>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-14
|
https://isaiminis.com/water-purification-system-and-its-type.html
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296949331.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20230330132508-20230330162508-00106.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.932957 | 975 | 2.6875 | 3 |
My three-year-old daughter’s interest in toilet training has come with an unfortunate side effect: potty talk. While I am happy to see her learning to use her potty with relative ease, I am very tired of hearing the words poopy-head, butt, and pee-pee shouted out in public places, followed by gales of laughter. How can I stop this kind of talk without dampening my child’s interest in her potty?
In this article we would be looking at Potty Talk: How Parents Can Discourage the Behaviour.
Bathroom humor, or potty talk, commonly accompanies toilet training and preschool development in general. Three-and four-year-olds become interested in these words as they hear them increasingly from you during toilet training or from their friends during play. Not only do these new terms seem to hold the key to the puzzle of how their bodies work and why boys and girls differ—two issues that fascinate them at this age—but they offer the added punch of terrific shock value. Saying “poopy-head” is bound to get a strong reaction from you and plenty of laughter from your daughter’s friends. What preschooler could resist such a word?
How to Discourage Potty Talk
You can discourage this behavior by taking care not to overreact to it. If your child gets no shocked response, using the words is not as fun. Calmly acknowledge her motive for using such terms (“That word sounds funny to you, huh?”), then redirect her attention (“I know a good joke. Listen to this . . .”).
It is not too soon, also, to start teaching your child that certain behavior is appropriate in some situations but not in others (“Talk about bathroom stuff with Mom and Dad, not with your brother’s friends.”). As long as you don’t expect perfect results right away and don’t focus too intensely on this issue, it will pass.
8 Solutions to Help Curb Potty Talk and Swearing
1. Give Plenty of Positive Attention & Reinforcement
This has been said a million times, but kids act out for attention whether it’s your praise or your angry reaction to potty talk.
Make sure you’re giving your children plenty of positive attention and positive reinforcement so their bucket is full and they don’t go seeking out attention in other ways.
2. Put on Your P-P-P-Poker Face
While you can’t control a group of little ones who burst out laughing about a fart joke at the dinner table, you can control your own.
If you laugh or get a rise out of the comment, know that kids are fine-tuned to gauge your reaction.
If they see that you are giving their use of potty talk or foul language attention and will want to seek it out again (and again.)
“If you keep things matter-of- fact and don’t laugh, show embarrassment, or start to get angry, the potty talk may lose its appeal,” says William Warzak, Ph.D., professor of psychology in the pediatrics department at the University of Nebraska Medical Center, in Omaha.
Try turning around and walk away and don’t give your child a reaction.
3. Use Proper Names for Body Parts
When you teach children proper names for body parts, you remove the excitement of using those words as they get older.
Plus, it’s important to teach the real names of private parts and not use words like “booty” or slang, for body safety reasons.
4.Set Rules Around Potty Talk and Cursing
Be very clear about what language is appropriate, and inappropriate to use at home, school, with family and friends.
Reinforce that while your kids may hear other kids use these words at school or on the playground, it doesn’t make it OK and they are not to repeat them.
A firm, yet calm voice will do the trick to back up your rules.
5. Put Yourself in Their Shoes Method
Younger kids often use potty talk to get a rise out of siblings and peers.
They want to have fun and joke around, not realizing that their words can hurt other people’s feelings.
Ask your child to put themselves in the other person’s shoes if they’ve said something hurtful or inappropriate. Use empathy to help them see their actions from other person’s perspective and help curb the behavior.
“How would it feel if your friend called you a butthead?”
Flip the switch and role play with your child to help them see how potty talk and bad words can be hurtful when used this way.
6. Watch Your Own Language & What’s Used on TV, Devices, etc.
Kids learn from their parents from observation, and less from being told what to do.
How you demonstrate speaking respectfully to your partner, your kids, friends and peers, models what’s appropriate language for children to use as well.
If you curse, kids won’t understand why it isn’t okay for them to use.
Kids are keenly sensitive to double standards and if Mommy and Daddy use these words, they’ll believe it’s okay for them to as well.
7. Looking for Laughs
Kids who use potty talk jokingly and to get a rise out of others, might do best by teaching them how to use real jokes.
Grab a book of jokes for kids or repeat your favorite age-appropriate jokes for kids so they can learn the joke by heart and repeat it to their friends.
8. Figure Out What’s Behind the Foul Language
Older kids who purposefully swear, it’s important to try to understand where it’s coming from to help them stop.
I hope you find this article helpful as well as interesting.
|
<urn:uuid:32ab6ccf-17cc-4152-9a04-d01837a1ce0b>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-40
|
https://americanahblog.com/potty-talk-how-parents-can-discourage-the-behavior/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233511170.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20231003160453-20231003190453-00765.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.949397 | 1,264 | 2.859375 | 3 |
All across North America, a climate change occurs every year. The cooler spring temperatures give way to warmer weather. In some areas this lasts two months, and in others it can last six months or longer. It’s called summer.
With summer comes heat. Heat can make your car unbearable to drive, which is why air conditioning was introduced by Packard in 1939. Beginning in luxury cars and now expanding into almost every vehicle produced, air conditioning has been cooling drivers and passengers for decades.
What does air conditioning do?
Air conditioning has two main purposes:
- Cools the air entering the passenger compartment
- Removes the moisture from the air so it feels more comfortable inside the vehicle.
In many makes, air conditioning cycles automatically when the defrost setting is chosen. It pulls the humidity from the windshield to improve your visibility. Often cold air is not required when the defrost setting is selected, which is why it is important to know that air conditioning functions even when the heat is selected on the heater control.
How does air conditioning work?
Air conditioning systems operate in much the same manner from manufacturer to manufacturer.All makes have some common components:
- Expansion valve or orifice tube
- Receiver, drier, or accumulator
The air conditioning system is pressurized by a gas known as refrigerant. Each vehicle specifies how much refrigerant is used to fill the system, and is usually three or four pounds at most in passenger vehicles.
The compressor does just that: it compresses the refrigerant from a gaseous state into a fluid. the fluid is cycled through a refrigerant line. Because it is under high pressure, this is called the high side.
The next procedure occurs in the condenser. The refrigerant flows through a grid similar to a radiator. Air passes through the condenser and removes the heat from the refrigerant.
The refrigerant then moves on next to the expansion valve, or orifice tube. A valve or restriction in the tube reduces the pressure in the line and the refrigerant returns to a gaseous state.
Next, the refrigerant enters the receiver drier, or accumulator. Here, a desiccant in the receiver drier removes moisture that is carried in with the refrigerant in gas form.
After the receiver drier, the cooler, drier refrigerant passes into the evaporator, still in its gaseous form. The evaporator is the only part of the air conditioning system that is actually in the passenger compartment. Air is blown through the evaporator core, and the heat is removed from the air and transferred into the refrigerant, leaving cooler air exiting past the evaporator.
The refrigerant cycles through to the compressor again. The process continues repeatedly.
If you have any problems with your car air conditioning system, Ask a Mechanic and YourMechanic would be happy to help.
|
<urn:uuid:098d9b4e-22f4-4c20-a91b-2f3134199951>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-47
|
https://www.yourmechanic.com/article/how-does-a-car-air-conditioning-system-work-by-jason-unrau
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-47/segments/1510934806422.29/warc/CC-MAIN-20171121185236-20171121205236-00449.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.938806 | 592 | 3.421875 | 3 |
The 707 was a masterpiece of engineering, a thing of grace and beauty and its impact on the development of air travel was extraordinary, shrinking the world and changing lives and economies.
Sixty years ago, Pan American World Airways launched its Boeing 707 service from New York to Paris, and overnight the tyranny of distance disappeared.
With its speed came productivity, while its size and jet power brought lower costs and airfares, moving air travel from the exclusive realm of the rich and famous into the reach of the everyday traveler.
Rather than a risky option to be endured, air travel was now the thing to do.
The birth of jet-powered commercial flight was a huge gamble.
The Comet disasters of the early 1950s, in which the world’s first commercial jet airliner suffered a series of fatal accidents, frightened the public.
But Boeing’s chairman William Allen convinced his board to stake the company’s future on building a jet transport prototype for both military and civil applications without a single order.
Mr Allen had taken a ride in one of the company’s jet bombers in 1950 and had a “transformational experience” and was convinced that the future was jet travel.
Nonetheless, it was an immense gamble, because Boeing was mainly a builder of military aircraft and had sold just 147 commercial models in the preceding 20 years.
Two years later, in 1954, the first 707 prototype — dubbed the Dash 80 — rolled out from the factory.
But Boeing still had to prove its credentials, with some airline executives saying no airline would buy a jet airliner from Boeing. However, Boeing test pilot Tex Johnston had other ideas.
Mr Johnston was asked to pilot the Dash 80 prototype in a demonstration fly-by for airline chiefs attending the 1954 International Air Transport Association (IATA) annual general meeting in Seattle.
Boeing hosted delegates at the Gold Cup power boat races on Lake Washington and company president Mr Allen thought it would be a golden opportunity to impress the chiefs of the world’s airlines.
But instead of a sedate fly-past, to everyone’s amazement, Mr. Johnston put the Dash 80 into a barrel roll which, while not overstressing the aircraft, gave Mr. Allen severe heart palpitations.
Not content with one roll, Mr. Johnston brought the Dash 80 around again and repeated the stunt — in case any of the airline executives thought they were seeing things.
The next day, legend has it that Mr. Johnston quipped to Mr. Allen, when asked about the barrel roll: “I was just selling airplanes.”
The 707 had a price tag double that of the piston engine aircraft it would replace but it would produce three times the revenue.
The orders flowed for the 707 and its arch-rival, the Douglas DC-8.
Australia’s Qantas ordered a special longer-range version of the 707 that could operate out of Nadi in Fiji, and it started operations on July 29, 1959, to San Francisco.
London followed on September 5 and the first-class return fare to London at the time was $1755, with an economy return ticket of $1170.
Aside from the glamour of the speed and the lower fares, the jet engine was far more reliable than the piston engines it replaced, giving travelers much greater confidence in air travel.
The 707 and the DC-8 blitzed the great ocean liners and even as early as 1960, more travelers went by air across the North Atlantic than by ship.
The basic 707 fuselage design gave birth to the 727, 737 and 757. The 737 went on to be the most popular commercial jet in history, with over 14,000 sold. It’s still being produced at a rate of 57 a month.
|
<urn:uuid:cd45547a-4f0b-46b3-9afa-38462dfa213e>
|
CC-MAIN-2020-24
|
https://www.airlineratings.com/news/707-shrank-world-speed/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-24/segments/1590347392142.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20200527075559-20200527105559-00321.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.961453 | 789 | 2.90625 | 3 |
Soybean rust, caused by the fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi Sydow, has been known in Australia, Asia, Africa and South America, and has now become established in North America. Significant yield losses varying from 40 to 90% have been reported in Asian countries when environmental conditions were conducive for disease development. The rapid aerial spread of the pathogen and the potential for high risk of severe yield losses makes this potentially the most destructive foliar disease of soybean. Soybean rust was first observed and officially confirmed in the continental United States in November 2004 near Baton Rouge, Louisiana. For last two years, the disease was found infecting in more than 260 counties of southern soybean growing states (http://www.sbrusa.net/). This indicates that future soybean production in the US could be at a high risk for potential rust epidemics which will have a major impact on soybean production and production costs.
Resistance to soybean rust is controlled by four single dominant genes, Rpp1, Rpp2, Rpp3, and Rpp4. However, single-gene resistance in soybean was reported to be susceptible to certain isolates of P. pachyrhizi in many conditions. It was believed that the fungus P. pachyrhizi had considerable variation in virulence among isolates and was able to effectively overcome single-gene resistance in soybean. Thus, partial or horizontal resistance as indicated by low rust severity and/or fewer lesions may be an efficient approach for developing durable resistance. Since then, many efforts have been made to evaluate the USDA soybean germplasm collection to identify novel sources of resistance to the pathogen.
Soybean researchers of the National Center for Soybean Biotechnology (NCSB) have initiated a project "Evaluating and Breeding for Soybean Rust Resistance with Vietnam, 2005-2007" funded by USDA-FAS (in collaboration with USDA-ARS, University of Illinois-Urbana). A large number of US soybean germplasm and Missouri breeding lines were evaluated in Ha Noi, Vietnam. Several plant introductions (PIs) had disease reactions as good as local checks. These PIs also showed good disease reaction when evaluated in southern Georgia, US. In collaboration with other soybean scientists of the USB-funded project, soybean researchers of NCSB are currently focusing on the development of genetic populations derived from crosses of these resistance sources and elite soybean cultivars in attempts to identify novel genes or quantitative trait loci (QTL) responsible for resistance to the pathogen. Subsequently, fine-mapping using near-isogenic line (NILs) approach will be conducted to map candidate genes for the soybean rust resistance. These efforts aim to the development of gene-based molecular markers, providing efficient tools for marker-assisted breeding in soybean.
Due to the current APHIS restricted regulations for the culture of foreign soybean rust isolates used in US laboratories, soybean scientists rely on foreign nurseries for their phenotyping analysis. Thus, there has been limited information on isolates of P. pachyrhizi found in the continental US. There is an urgent need for knowledge about the population structure of soybean rust isolates in the US as well as abroad. It would allow US soybean researchers to accurately predict the origin and performance of US soybean rust isolates. With these perspectives, efforts of NCSB soybean researchers led by the Stacy laboratory is to conduct a pilot genome sequence project on a domestic P. pachyrhizi isolate to gauge the feasibility of a whole genome sequencing project and identify gene candidates for phylogenetic use. In addition, in hopes of the APHIS permit for the culture of rust isolates, the NCSB soybean researchers will evaluate the genetic diversity of domestic and foreign P. pachyrhizi isolates using sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) polymorphisms derived from these gene candidates. The hope will be to identify specific sequence markers that can specifically identify US isolates.
|
<urn:uuid:0a88e3e4-b7d9-4991-b7b8-42c37201fb77>
|
CC-MAIN-2014-10
|
http://soybiotechcenter.org/research/rust.cfm
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-10/segments/1394011011190/warc/CC-MAIN-20140305091651-00050-ip-10-183-142-35.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.945319 | 839 | 3.125 | 3 |
In a paper published today in the online open-access journal PLoS (Public Library of Science) Medicine, Helen Wearing and Pejman Rohani of the Institute of Ecology at the University of Georgia and Matt Keeling of the University of Warwick, United Kingdom, showed that commonly used disease models may risk making overly optimistic predictions about the levels of public health interventions needed to bring a disease under control.
Wearing and her colleagues found that many off-the-shelf models used in infection management do not realistically account for the length of time that people harbor infections. The simplest models entirely ignore the latent period of a disease: the period of time when an individual is infected but not yet infectious. Other models often assume that the rate of progression from latent to infectious, and infectious to recovered, is constant, irrespective of the time already spent in that status. In such models, for example, many people have a very short infectious period while a few have a very long infectious period. In reality, most people are infectious for an average period of time. For the flu the average infectious period is around 4-5 days, with incredibly few people infectious for less than a couple of days or more than a week.
"Models which do not incorporate the latent period or assume unrealistic distributions of the latent and infectious period," said the researchers, "always resulted in underestimating the transmission potential of an in
Source:Containerless Research, Inc. & National Science Foundation
|
<urn:uuid:f610ac13-a567-4f51-976a-1b8ad8a30c4c>
|
CC-MAIN-2013-48
|
http://www.bio-medicine.org/biology-news/Field-of-beams---Novel-system-uses-polarized-light-pulses-to-reveal-crop-health-1003-1/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-48/segments/1386163824647/warc/CC-MAIN-20131204133024-00012-ip-10-33-133-15.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.936177 | 294 | 3.078125 | 3 |
- Instructor: Anisha Bhosle
- Lectures: 7
Masterclass in Drone Technology
This online video based course answers the most common questions about drones.
- Learn the different components of your drone and how to properly care for them.
- Understand the different types of airspace and learn how to safely and legally fly near airports.
- Learn the basic flight manoeuvres and how to safely control your drone.
- Complete pre-flight checks before you start flying and filming both at the flying site and before.
- Learn how to maintain your equipment, batteries and maintain a checklist for the same.
Questions? Our experts
If you have any questions about
Masterclass in Drone Technology, please
ask us. Our reps are standing by to
This Online Course Includes
DGCA Drone Law
Digital Sky Overview
Types Of Drones
Our elite team of UAV experts developed Masterclass in Drone Technology to equip you with the most up-to-date, essential drone knowledge.
- Detailed insights about drone technology and it’s a business application.
- Learn Drone Training With India’s Best Drone Academy available in 6 cities.
- DGCA Rules & Regulations – digital sky platform and NPNT.
- Watch at your own pace with comfort of your home.
- Pitch for the whole course
- Introduction to Drones
- Introduction of the Trainer and company
- Growth of the Drone Industry
Lecture 2.1Introduction to Masterclass in Drone Technology – Comprehensive Guide
- All Regulations Part (CAR)
- Do's & Dont's
- Current Updated Flying Zones
- Digital Sky
Lecture 3.1DGCA Rules & Regulations
- Factors to be Considered
- What is a Drone ?
- Variants of Drones
- Explaining UAV & UAS terms
- Camera quality Importance
Lecture 4.1Equipment Considerations
- Classification on Basis of Applications
- Classification on Basis of Weight
- Current Popular Choices & Why?
Lecture 5.1Types of Drones
- Battery & Safety of it
- Checklist & importance
- Factors that affect in long term
Lecture 6.1Checklist & battery
- Secure Flying
- What Factors are used for safe flight?
- Dos & Donts of flying
Lecture 7.1Safety Techniques
- Some Highlights
- Our Advance Course
- Course Summary
Lecture 8.1What’s the next big thing ?
Quiz 10.1Masterclass in Drone Technology quiz30m
|
<urn:uuid:462ff64e-1be0-4e78-bc15-d36d2891adf0>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-23
|
https://indianacademyofdrones.com/courses/masterclass-in-drone-technology/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224648209.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20230601211701-20230602001701-00729.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.791946 | 643 | 2.546875 | 3 |
The Definition of VoIP
VoIP is an abbreviation for Voice over Internet Protocol and is a phone service provided through the internet. Phone service is available for individuals with a quality connection to the internet as an alternative to service provided by a local phone company. Some individuals choose to use VoIP and a standard phone service because the rates for VoIP are much lower. Although the service is consistently developing it does not always include phone directory listings, service for 411 or 911, and many additional phone services. As technology advances, this is expected to change in the future.
How VoIP Service Works
VoIP turns analog signals into digital signals that can be transmitted through the internet. The function can be controlled with a separate box or built directly into a phone. When a box is used the signal is transmitted from the box to the Ethernet, to the router, to the internet, and then controlled by the VoIP provider. The progression when using a phone with built in capabilities is the same except the cycle begins with the phone instead of the box. A VoIP service provider can be completely bypassed when the connection is being made to another VoIP user. Problems can occur if the NAT routers are blocking the VoIP device. VoIP is often used for outbound call centers due to the substantially lower rate.
The Benefits of VoIP
The two main benefits of using VoIP are better functionality and a much lower cost. A phone service through VoIP is a lot less expensive than the same service provided by a more traditional source. However, there can still be some key differences between different VoIP providers, so make sure to read VoIP reviews to help you find the right service for you.
A large percentage of traditional services are under a government entity or a monopoly causing higher prices. When one network is used to carry both data and voice additional savings are involved. When the network capacity of the user is under-utilized VoIP can usually be used without incurring any additional costs.
There are numerous cases where making phone calls both locally and internationally with VoIP are free. Although the user will have to pay for a quality internet service it is possible there will be no additional charges when using VoIP so the user perceives their calls as free. Many companies promote their VoIP services as being free including numerous prominent businesses. While traditional phone services are consistently trying to provide better pricing for international calls VoIP service provides VoIP phone numbers in more than forty countries. Adding one of these numbers to an account is simple and easy. VoIP services also increase the functionality of the service because there are things easily performed by VoIP yet impossible when using the network of a traditional phone service. As soon as VoIP is plugged into a network all incoming calls will be routed automatically to the VoIP phone. This is regardless of location so a VoIP phone can easily be used when relocating or on a vacation. Providing the internet connection is solid a VoIP phone will work anywhere and at any time.
|
<urn:uuid:0b37b41f-0505-422c-84d5-dc57a823f486>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-43
|
http://ctv-net.org/details-benefits-using-voip-phone-services/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-43/segments/1508187825057.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20171022022540-20171022042540-00047.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.951384 | 608 | 3.34375 | 3 |
Intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUCDs)
What are IUCDs?
IUCDs are small, flexible plastic devices that are inserted into the uterus via the cervix.
What are IUCDs used for?
IUCDs were primarily designed to prevent pregnancy. With the introduction of the Mirena IUCD, an additional indication became the control of heavy periods and management of endometriosis symptoms.
Types of IUCD
Historically, there are many types of IUCD. In terms of current, Western, medical practice there are only 4 types in use:
These are all small devices but there is evidence to suggest that the smallest devices are easier to pass through the cervix into the uterus. The mini Mirena was approved in the USA for use in nulliparous (never had a baby) women in 2013.
The procedure can be done with you awake as an office procedure or in an approved day case operating theatre under sedation or a light general anaesthetic.
- The cervix is cleansed.
- The cervix is grasped with a tenaculum (this will straighten and stabilise the cervical canal).
- The length of the uterus will be measured using a uterine sound.
- You may have local anaesthetic injected into the cervix before insertion.
- The IUCD is removed from the packaging.
- The packaging is retained for recording of the batch number and expiry date of the IUCD.
- The marker on the stem will be set to correspond with the recorded length of the uterus.
- The IUCD is inserted through the cervix into the uterus as per manufacturers guidelines.
- The inserter is withdrawn from the uterus leaving the device position within the fundus of the uterus.
- The thread of cut leaving about 1.5-2cm protruding from the cervix.
- The tenaculum is removed from the cervix and the procedure is complete.
Insertion of the IUCD is best done towards the end or immediately after a period because the cervix is softest at this time and it is most likely that you are not pregnant.
Your doctor may require you to have a negative pregnancy test immediately before the IUCD is inserted.
In some circumstances it may be appropriate for your doctor to carry out a hysteroscopy prior to insertion of the IUCD.
The IUCD sited in the uterus
How long can the ICUD stay in place?
How do IUCDs prevent pregnancy?
Prevention of the egg meeting a sperm which might result in fertilisation
- Making the endometrium hostile to implantation of a fertilised egg.
- Through a ‘foreign body’ presence.
- The Multiload and Copper T through release of Copper.
- The Mirena and mini Mirena through release of the progesterone Levonorgestrol.
Side effects & complications common to all IUCDs
Spotting or intermenstrual bleeding
Lower abdominal cramping &/or back pain
Ineffective because it slips out of the uterus (most common during the first few months)
If pregnancy occurs with the IUCD in situ, there is an increased risk of an ectopic pregnancy
The risk of having a pelvic infection is higher in the first few months after insertion of the IUCD
Perforation of the uterus during insertion
The IUCD is pushed partly through the uterus or completely through the uterus into the pelvis during insertion
This patient complained of severe pelvic pain and cramping at the time of IUCD insertion by her local doctor. The pain persisted. No thread was seen on examination. An ultrasound scan revealed that the IUCD was not in the uterus. At laparoscopy it was found outside the uterus in the pelvis.
The IUCD was freed from bowel entanglement and removed through laparoscopic surgery. The patient was able to return home on the same day as surgery.
Things worth remembering
Give your doctor your complete medical history including medications
Hypersensitivity reactions to copper and progesterones are rare but they do occur
IUCDs are very cost effective and low maintenance methods of contraception
The Mirena and mini Mirena IUCDs can reduce symptoms of heavy menstrual flow and endometriosis
Tell your doctor if you have any symptoms suggestive of PID before or after insertion or if you have pain or discharge that is not settling
All the IUCDs can stay in for different periods of time. All can be removed early but know when they need to be removed/changed
During an attempt to remove the IUCD, the thread may break and removal of the IUCD may need to be done as a short stay hospital procedure
Practice how to check for the strings of the IUCD. Do this every month. If you cannot feel it, inform your doctor and use additional methods of contraception
Contraindications to using an IUCD
- Known increased risk of having an ectopic pregnancy.
- Any history of pelvic inflammatory disease within the previous 12 months.
- Hypersensitivity to plastic.
- Hypersensitivity to copper (Multiload/Copper T).
- Hypersensitivity to progesterones (Mirena devices).
- Pregnancy; actual or suspected (*see below).
- Vaginal bleeding of unknown cause.
- Uterine or cervical tumours.
- Abnormalities of the uterus or cervix.
- An infected miscarriage or abortion within the past 3 months.
The Multi load and Copper T IUCDs, if inserted within 5 days of unprotected intercourse can reduce the risk of pregnancy.
|
<urn:uuid:a56e4fca-d580-445d-b25e-23eb2516eafb>
|
CC-MAIN-2020-16
|
https://dronuma.com.au/iucds/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-16/segments/1585371829677.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20200409024535-20200409055035-00069.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.90318 | 1,171 | 2.65625 | 3 |
Forged in the very severe temperatures and pressures of the mantle of the Earth, diamonds at their basic most form are compressed carbon crystals. While diamonds may seem simple to the eye, the diamond formation process is extremely complex. As a new study shows, the origin tale of some diamonds involves a surprising bit player: the sea.
As geochemist named Yaakov Weiss and his teammates show in a recent study, diamonds from the Northwest Territories of Canada owe their existence in the Earth to a very old ocean. Seawater from about 200 million years before got stuck in a huge slab of the Pacific Ocean crust, forced below the North American Plate. The ocean water-laced crust moved deeper to the inside of the Earth, ultimately reaching the mantle lots of kilometers underneath the surface. The seawater reacted with mantle rocks, and it changed these rocks’ chemical composition, which allowed diamonds to grow.
Prior to this study, geologists knew the formation of diamond depended on some form of liquid. Where that liquid came from and what it was, were the open questions. This recent proof that it is ancient seawater came from analyzing a special kind of diamond known as “fibrous diamond”.
Beyond just carbon formation, some diamonds are pricier than others. While some loose diamonds are radiant and beautiful and shine with fire, others are drab and cloudy, full of fluid flaws which take away their luster.
Fibrous diamonds have no real value or use to jewelers, but these are invaluable to scientists. Yaakov Weiss says, “What those fibrous diamonds give you are the fluids—in their original form—that [reacted and] changed the chemistry of the deep lithosphere.”
Fibrous diamonds grow more quickly as compared to the monocrystalline type – the colorless and clear gemstones familiar to most individuals. For this reason, fibrous diamonds capture millions of small samples of the rocks and fluids which existed about them when they formed.
By studying the liquid trapped inside 11 fibrous diamonds taken from diamond deposits in the Territories, Yaakov Weiss and his mates found chemical evidence that connects the fluid to old seawater.
Based on further analyses of West African diamonds, Weiss suspects that these lackluster stones from across the world formed from the same process. Even monocrystalline diamonds of jewelers may owe their life to sub-ducted seawater, he says.
Weiss plans to examine more of these dull gems from other parts of the world to check if it is possible for him to obtain any other information about the geological processes taking place deep inside the Earth.
|
<urn:uuid:f1279ce7-c084-4093-9620-924f4c6a1df2>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-23
|
http://loosediamondss.com/buy-loose-diamonds/how-the-formation-of-diamonds-depend-on-the-sea/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224644506.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20230528182446-20230528212446-00571.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.946065 | 533 | 3.6875 | 4 |
Although most people would like to eat healthier, few actually do it. You can do it, though. All you need are some good ideas to get you started, and here you’ll find many.
Highly processed foods should be avoided as they contain trans fat. You increase your chance of heart disease by consuming foods loaded in trans fat. Trans fats are bad because they decrease your HDL levels, which is the good cholesterol, and increase your LDL levels, which is the bad cholesterol.
A multi-vitamin is a very important addition to your diet. Although it is better to get minerals and vitamins from actual food, taking a daily multivitamin helps fill in the gaps.
Avoid too many microwave meals. This is important because these type of meals tend to contain large amounts of unhealthy fats and sugars. Try buying fresh veggies and meats and cooking them yourself for best results.
Try eating a variety of foods like nuts, low-fat dairy, fish, different types of fresh produce, and whole grains. When you eat a rich diversity of foods, you’re increasing your chances of giving your body adequate nutrition without having to rely on supplements.
Choose baked foods over fried foods. Baked foods are generally better for your body and come with a much lower count of calories, oils and carbohydrates. You will find that you are far more energetic when you eat only healthily baked foods.
If you want to cut down on the fat levels of your diet, cook your veggies with water rather than oil. It’s easy to make vegetables just as tasty by boiling or steaming them as they are when fried. However, if you decide that a little oil must be used, then use a small amount of vegetable oil rather than butter or margarine.
To maintain better nutrition, be sure your meals are nutritionally balanced properly. Humans require many key nutrients if they are to function efficiently, including minerals, vitamins, essential acids, and fats. While you can find the nutrients in certain supplements, it’s better to get them from food.
One good rule is that if it has to be microwaved, then it is probably not very nutritious. If you would like to lose weight and improve your appearance, eat natural foods as much as possible.
Even the most healthy of eaters can see the value in a rewarding dessert. You can make healthy and satisfying sweets if you know how. For example, take a calcium enriched fat-free yogurt and top it with cinnamon, some frozen berries, or nutty granola. You can even top it with some organic nuts for a crunchy texture.
Broccoli makes a very tasty addition to your diet. Broccoli has a number of vitamins including A, C and vitamin K. It also has many minerals and is a good source of fiber. Steaming it for a short time or microwaving it a little will cook it without causing nutrient loss. Broccoli that looks like gray mush is doing you no good.
Eat right before working out. Choose a high energy item which digest quickly. Fruit is a good choice. Also, avoid high fat foods to keep you from becoming nauseous.
Avoid white things in your diet, except for cauliflower. This will help a lot in terms of nutrition. It will cut out sugars and starch from your daily diet. You are going to feel better than ever and be without as many calories as before.
If you’re ready to make proper food decisions, try using these nutrition tips. You are going to find that sound nutrition is a habit that leave you feeling great, both physically and emotionally.
|
<urn:uuid:38f7014d-12c3-4a2e-9497-7f4154b1439f>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-30
|
http://ebestelectricpressurecooker.com/find-out-how-to-improve-your-nutrition/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-30/segments/1500549429485.0/warc/CC-MAIN-20170727202516-20170727222516-00029.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.961691 | 737 | 3.015625 | 3 |
Every year 20 million Americans are involved in starting or growing a young business. Many of these entrepreneurs seek capital from equity investors – either Angel Investors or Venture Capitalists.
There are more than 1,000 Venture Capital firms operating in the U.S. managing over $1 trillion. There are more than 2 million Angel Investors who control an additional $1 trillion in capital. Between the two groups, they invest around $50 billion in young businesses each year. Interestingly, this is only 2.5% of the total $2 trillion in capital under management.
Here are some facts to help us compare the primary differences between Angel Investors and Venture Capitalists.
• U.S. Angels invest a total of around $20 billion per year in around 60,000 businesses.
• Angels invest in around 1 out of every 10 business investment deals considered, or 10%.
• The average Angel Investor is 47 years old, college educated, and self employed (or has been self-employed).
• The average angel investor has an annual income of $90,000, a net worth of $750,000, and invests $37,000 per venture. (Angels rarely invest more than a few hundred thousand dollars in a venture.)
• 9 out of 10 angel investments are devoted to start-ups with fewer than 20 employees, and 7 out of 10 angel investments are made locally (within 50 miles of the Angel’s home).
• 9 out of 10 angels provide additional support via personal loans or loan guarantees to the firms in which they invest.
• Angels expect a 26% average annual return at the time they invest – and expect about one-third of their investments to result in a substantial capital loss.
• Angels spend an average of 3.5 months conducting due diligence on each investment.
• The most common reasons angels reject deals are insufficient growth potential, overpriced equity, insufficient talent of the management, or lack of information about the entrepreneur or key personnel.
• Venture capitalists (VCs) invest a total of around $30 billion per year in around 4,000 businesses.
• VCs invest in only about 1 out of every 100 business investment deals considered, or 1%.
• VCs look at substantially more deals than Angel Investors.
• The average VC invests $7.5 million per venture and expects a 25% average annual return.
• Although most VC firms have a website and other ways of sending in cold call solicitations, it is best to be referred to a VC by someone who is known to the VC.
• VCs conduct significantly more due diligence than angel investors do, spending an average of 5 months on due diligence for each investment.
• Given the high cost of due diligence, one of the main problems of the VC is finding time to allocate to projects that are most promising.
• Every VC firm and every partner have particular reject rules. For example, they may have decided to avoid a particular market or technology area. Or they may be ready to make an investment in an applicant’s competitor. Or they may have decided they are over-weighted in a certain market or technology.
• Overall, VCs have more sector experience, invest in larger firms, and conduct more sector research. They meet an entrepreneur more often before investing, take more independent references on the entrepreneur, and analyze the financials more thoroughly. VCs demand a more comprehensive business plan from the entrepreneur; incur more research costs; document their investment process more; consult more people before investment; and take longer to invest.
At EquityNet we bring together entrepreneurs and investors – two groups that need each other to thrive, but often have a hard time finding the right match. It’s no secret that inefficiencies in the private equity domain cause many otherwise game-changing businesses to go undercapitalized. Remember: only 2.5% of the total $2 trillion in capital available is invested each year. The solution to this problem is not more money. The solution is an efficient, very advanced marketplace that allows more smart money to be distributed to the right companies. To learn more about how we solve this problem visit www.equitynet.com.
For more information on Angels & VCs check out these studies:
|
<urn:uuid:4e5032d2-c27f-490d-9648-75fdb6d56df6>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-39
|
https://www.equitynet.com/blog/angel-investors-vcs/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-39/segments/1505818693866.86/warc/CC-MAIN-20170925235144-20170926015144-00521.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.938946 | 868 | 2.53125 | 3 |
His friends and attorney advised him to flee the country. If he stayed in England he was unquestionably going to be found guilty and sentenced to prison... most likely to hard labor. His own flippant testimony in the earlier libel case, as well as the testimony of several of the "rent boys" whose sexual services he had purchased, were going to seal the deal. The magistrate, somewhat sympathetic to his situation, made a point of delaying issuing the warrant for his arrest until 5PM, specifically to allow Wilde to catch what they called the "train boat" to France. His wife urged him to go. His friends, seeing which way the wind was blowing, all departed for the Continent.
Why? Later he would say that he could not face the status of being haunted and hunted... and that he actually believed that he could be acquitted.
Insane denial? Magical thinking? Or was there something in his past that encouraged him in his belief about immunity?
Reading about Wilde's father, I thought I might have a found a key to solving the mystery. His father, William R. Wilde, was a celebrated Irish eye and ear surgeon, who was eventually knighted. The scandals surrounding his life appeared not to have disturbed his reputation. He had three children out-of-wedlock before marrying Oscar's mother.
Then, in 1864, Mary Travers, daughter of a Trinity professor, accused him of having drugged her with chloroform and raping her. Sir William did not appear in court, and the jury took this as an admission of guilt, but the sentence they handed down was an insult to plaintiff. They awarded her one farthing in damages... apparently the valuation in their eyes of her physical integrity. His refusal to testify was considered shameful, and it is interesting to note that the sole voice urging Oscar not to take the train boat was that of his mother. (In fairness, she did ask him if he was innocent, and he insisted that he was. Her response was that he must stay. Oscar had also been unequivocal about disavowing his homosexuality when he retained the services of his attorney... severely compromising the reputation of a man who had been a friend as well as a colleague.)
Most infamously, he offered an appeal in the case of Amos Greenwood, who had been found guilty of manslaughter in the case of a nine-year-old girl that he had raped and who had died from syphilis. Neither the defendant nor the defendant's friends argued for his innocence, but Sir Wilde attempted, unsuccessfully, to recruit twelve of his colleagues in maintaining that the girl had died of poor hygiene.
Later, when his coachman was accused of raping and infecting two girls, Wilde came to his defense, and, late in the proceedings, his wife, Lady Wilde came up with an alibi for the coachman. The coachman admitted to his habit of inviting little girls up into the hay loft of his barn to look at kittens... Later, Sir Wilde also came to the defense of a businessman and a railway clerk accused of raping girls.
In "De Profundis," a lengthy and self-serving letter that Wilde wrote from prison, he described the prostituted children he and his lover would acquire:
"People thought it dreadful of me to have entertained at dinner the evil things of life, and to have found pleasure in their company. But then, from the point of view through which I, as an artist in life, approach them they were delightfully suggestive and stimulating. It was like feasting with panthers ; the danger was half the excitement. I used to feel as a snake- charmer must feel when he lures the cobra to stir from the painted cloth or reed basket that holds it and makes it spread its hood at his bidding and sway to and fro in the air as a plant sways restfully in a stream. They were to me the brightest of gilded snakes, their poison was part of their perfection."
"Evil things of life?" Not even human. Panthers or cobras. And, he, Wilde, is their victim.
In light of Sir William's denial about sexually transmitted diseases, it is interesting to note that his son had not had sexual relations with his wife for several years. The reason he had given was that his syphilis, which he had contracted from a prostitute during his student years and had believed to be cured, was, in fact, still virulent. There is no evidence that Oscar ever shared this information with any of the boys with whom he had sexual relations.
We can never know why Wilde did not take the train boat to France when he had the chance, but it does not seem unreasonable that his choices may have been influenced by the values of Sir William Wilde.
In a personal footnote, as an activist against child sexual abuse and as an advocate of victims of pedophilia and incest, I am always disturbed when Wilde is put forward as an LGBT icon. He was no "out and proud" activist. He repudiated his homosexuality in the courtroom, as well as in "De Profundis," where he referred to it as a form of "erotomania," and one of the "most disgusting passions." He was not sentenced to prison for an egalitarian, intimate partnership with Lord Alfred. It was his sexual predation toward underaged boys that indicted him. He never took responsibility for his actions, and upon his release from prison he resumed his sexual predation, traveling with Lord Alfred to Algiers for the express purpose of buying boys on the cheap... boys who could never be called upon in British court to testify against him.
|
<urn:uuid:31756224-8475-44a3-9181-f841e8c260ce>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-26
|
http://carolyngage.weebly.com/blog/oscar-wilde-his-fathers-son
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-26/segments/1498128320679.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20170626050425-20170626070425-00680.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.994637 | 1,148 | 2.875 | 3 |
Why Corona Death Percentage is low in some countries like India & Russia?
The deadly COVID19 has paralyzed the health system and the economic framework across multiple superpowers. Yet, countries like India and Russia have reported lower death reports amidst the ongoing pandemic.
It thus becomes interesting to note the reasons as to what has helped these nations in the meanwhile. With the US reporting the highest death rates. It can be a good lesson for them in order to prepare them for future outbreaks.
Russia, ranking second in terms of the number of cases, have deaths 10 times lesser than the EU and Britain. Though there have been accusations of misreporting, it must be noted that Russia has released an official statement denying the same.
Let us see what worked out for these nations.
Reasons for lesser mortality
1. Delay in the arrival of the COVID 19:
The first COVID19 case was reported in the US on 20th January 2020 while the first reported case in India and Russia took time to surface. This gave these countries time to prepare accordingly for the pandemic. Instead of waiting for the virus, the respective governments learned from the world. This enhanced the COVID19 battle in these nations.
2. Nationwide lockdown:
India was one of those nations that announced nationwide lockdown. This led to a significant reduction in the number of cases of the COVID19. If we compare the data with that of Italy, it faced close to 10K deaths in the first month of the outbreak. On the contrary, India has recorded half of the deaths even after 2 months of the outbreak. This signifies the importance of the nationwide lockdown.
3. Demographics of the nation:
Italy has recorded more than 95% of the deaths being reported by people of more than 60 years. This shows that the virus plays along with the immunity of the infected persons. Whereas, in countries like India, the youth constitute nearly 35% of the population. This is the main reason for the reduction in the number of deaths in India, compared to Italy.
4. Inherent immunity based on the location and profession:
India has more than 65% poverty as of 2020 with its daily payments close to $2. Moreover, even 30% within them earn less than $1.5/day which constitutes the workers in the informal sector. As per 2017 reports of quality of life index, India stands at 43rd rank out of 56 countries. This reportedly miserable numbers have been a blessing in disguise since such living conditions have prompted the inherent immunity in the body. This inherent immunity has resulted in the formation of antibodies and histamines, that resulted in fighting against COVID19 to be more effective.
5. The difference in the recording of the data:
As the US and the UK have reported a high number of deaths due to COVID19, it has become important to dig a bit deeper into the numbers. The death rate includes the deaths caused due to comorbidities of COVID 19, which is not the case with Russia.
Though the death rates have been low across parts in the World, yet the death rate of COVID 19 has crossed 5.9% which is a serious issue of concern. Thus, we request and pray for the good health of our readers during these rough times.
|
<urn:uuid:0de9d2fb-dd7b-42bd-b542-0bb3137b99fe>
|
CC-MAIN-2020-29
|
http://www.therainbowhub.com/why-corona-death-percentage-is-low-in-some-countries-like-india-russia/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-29/segments/1593655934052.75/warc/CC-MAIN-20200711161442-20200711191442-00548.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.967753 | 670 | 2.71875 | 3 |
A new provisional report from the Centers for Disease Control finds that the United States had the lowest number of births since 1979 and the lowest fertility rate in our nation’s history.
According to the report, the number of births for the United States in 2020 was 3,605,201, down 4% from 2019. This is the sixth consecutive year that the number of births has declined after an increase in 2014.
The general fertility rate reached another record low for the United States. The general fertility rate was 55.8 births per 1,000 women aged 15–44, down 4% from 2019. The total fertility rate was 1,637.5 births per 1,000 women in 2020, down 4% from 2019 to also reach another record low. This puts the total fertility rate at below the replacement rate.
In 2020, birth rates declined for women in all age groups 15–44 and were unchanged for adolescents aged 10–14 and women aged 45–49. The birth rate for teenagers aged 15–19 declined by 8% in 2020 to 15.3 births per 1,000 females; rates declined for both younger (aged 15–17) and older (aged 18–19) teenagers.
The cesarean delivery rate rose to 31.8% in 2020; the low-risk cesarean delivery rate increased to 25.9%. The preterm birth rate declined to 10.09% in 2020, the first decline in the rate since 2014.
What is “fertility rate”?
Several different metrics are used to measure the “fertility rate.” The most common uses of the term refer to:
- General fertility rate (GFR): This metric is the number of births per 1,000 women of childbearing age (i.e., aged 15–44). It measures the number of live births in a particular year.
- Total fertility rate (TFR): This metric refers to the total number of children who have been born or are likely to be born to a woman in her lifetime if she were subject to the prevailing rate of age-specific fertility in the population.
- Age-Specific Fertility Rate (ASFR): This metric is the number of live births per 1,000 women in a specific age group for a specified geographic area and for a specific point in time, usually a calendar year. For example, all the births to women age 20 to 24 in the United States in 2015.
- Completed fertility rate (CFR): This metric is the number of children actually born per woman in a cohort of women (typically those born in a country around the same time) up to the end of their childbearing years.
These distinctions are why reporting on fertility rates often give different dates for significant events, such as “record lows.” Recent news headlines reporting that “fertility rates in 2020 dropped to another record low” are referring to the GFR and TFR, both of which hit a record low last year. The CFR reached its record low in 2006. Because some women are having children after age 44, the general fertility rate might be at a record low and yet the total number of mothers might still be relatively high.
What is the replacement rate?
The replacement rate is the total fertility rate necessary to replace both the mother and the father, and accounts for the number of children who won’t live to childbearing age.
There are several factors—such as migration, war, and disease—that can affect how many people in a country needed to be replaced each year. But assuming such factors aren’t having a major and unexpected impact on population, the total fertility rate that equals the replacement rate is 2.1 children per woman. This is the number of children generally needed per woman to ensure a broadly stable population, though it can vary slightly in countries where children are more likely to live to adulthood. In the United States the replacement rate is closer to 2.08.
If the replacement rate is 2.1 over an extended period of time, the population in a country will remain about the same. If it increases or decreases, the population of the next generation will also increase or decrease.
Why does it matter if the fertility rate declines?
In a population where the replacement rate is around 2.1, the number of people moving through each cycle of human development (e.g, childhood, adolescence, early adulthood, midline, late adulthood) is roughly the same at each stage. But if a generation is larger or smaller than other generations, it can have an effect on society that lasts numerous decades. For example, if there is a “baby boom”—an unexpected increase in the number of children born in a generation—a nation may need to build more schools, from the elementary to the collegiate level. But the next generation, if it is not equal in size, will be left with educational infrastructure that is not needed.
In most developed countries, such as the U.S., the social safety net is structured in a way that makes young people a form of “old-age insurance.” Societies create a pay-as-you-go system that is dependent on there being a greater number of younger people of working age relative to those of retirement age. For instance, Social Security uses the payroll taxes of current workers to directly pay the monthly benefits of older, retired workers. This pay-as-you-go approach works best when there is a high ratio of workers to beneficiaries, such as in 1945, when there were 41.9 workers for every retiree receiving Social Security. But the system becomes more difficult to maintain when the ratio is reversed. In 2018 the ratio was 2.8 workers for every retiree, and it’s expected to drop to 2.2 by 2049. Because of a falling fertility rate, that number could drop close to 1:1 by the time younger millennials and Gen-Z reaches retirement age.
Long-term declines in fertility can also have effects that ripple throughout society. For instance, as more resources are needed for the elderly relative to the young, they could be viewed as a “burden on society.” This could lead, as it has in Europe, to an acceptance of voluntary euthanasia. Population declines also cause hardship for rural areas. Because fewer children are born, fewer stay in the area to take care of the elderly population. This can require significant shifts in numerous areas, ranging from public health to church planting.
|
<urn:uuid:1037b845-9c84-4d24-9b15-0e503ba84aea>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-40
|
https://erlc.com/tag/birth/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510967.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20231002033129-20231002063129-00673.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.957425 | 1,336 | 3.21875 | 3 |
L-glutamine is an amino acid. There are 20 amino acids found in the body of which l-glutamine is the most abundant.
L-glutamine is classed as a nonessential amino acid. Nonessential means that it is synthesized (produced) in the body. It is therefore not essential that l-glutamine is taken from external sources (e.g. from the diet).
However, under certain conditions, such as stress, illness or injury, l-glutamine levels can become very low.
Under these circumstances, l-glutamine can become a conditionally essential amino acid in which low levels of l-glutamine require boosting from external sources; e.g. through diet (see also benefits of l-glutamine ).
L-glutamine: Other Names
L-glutamine is often referred to as 'glutamine'. Abbreviations for l-glutamine are Q and Gln.
Structural Formula Of L-glutamine
The structural formula of l-glutamine is: C5 H10 N2 03
Where is L-glutamine produced?
Within the body, glutamine is predominantly synthesized in the muscles. Around 90% of the body's glutamine is made in the muscles and over 60% of glutamine in the body is found in the skeletal muscles.
Organs, including the brain and lung, can synthesize glutamine but in fewer amounts . The liver can also synthesize glutamine. The liver helps regulate existing levels of glutamine within the body. The liver takes a larger role regulating large quantities of glutamine from the gut .
Sources Of L-glutamine
Within the body, higher concentrations of l-glutamine are found in the:
- skeletal muscles (approximately 90% of all glutamine)
- gut lining
Dietary / food sources of l-glutamine
L-glutamine is found in many foods. These include:
- herbs - e.g. parsley
- dairy products – e.g. yogurt, cheese
- meats – e.g. beef, pork & poultry such as chicken
- vegetables – beet, cabbage, spinach
|
<urn:uuid:0bdeb047-6e22-4945-bd04-59c700761063>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-14
|
https://www.whathealth.com/l-glutamine/overview.html
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296949598.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20230331082653-20230331112653-00587.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.92723 | 512 | 3.515625 | 4 |
HERE THERE BE DRAGONS! – Author Unknown
The map tells sailors where to sail
The decorations sun and whale,
The warning spelled in letters pale
HERE THERE BE DRAGONS!
But north-northwest there is a gap
Should cause the sailors no mishap,
But north-northwest there is a gap.
AND HERE THERE BE DRAGONS!
The continents are not drawn true,
The ocean waves outlined in blue,
Sea serpentine provides the clue
WHERE THERE BE DRAGONS.
Yet year by year the ships have passed
Through oceans wide and oceans vast,
And sailors stared atop the mast
FOR WHERE THERE BE DRAGONS.
No scales of blue and jaws of green
Are by these modern sailors seen
Do you think that this might mean
HERE THERE BE NO MORE DRAGONS?
I’d like to hope,
I’d like to pray
The dragons have just gone away
And will return some other day
THEN HERE THERE WILL BE DRAGONS, AGAIN.
|
<urn:uuid:36472dcc-0327-4e88-a187-72a370df2a7b>
|
CC-MAIN-2020-10
|
https://vergettegardens.com/2013/02/27/here-there-be-dragons/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-10/segments/1581875143815.23/warc/CC-MAIN-20200218210853-20200219000853-00157.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.850793 | 218 | 2.859375 | 3 |
About LGBTQ+ Pride Month
Commemorated each year in the month of June, LGBTQ+ Pride Month honors the 1969 Stonewall uprising in New York City. In June of 1969, patrons and supporters of the Stonewall Inn staged an uprising to resist the police harassment and persecution to which LGBTQ+ Americans were commonly subjected. This uprising marked the beginning of a movement to outlaw discriminatory laws and practices against LGBTQ+ Americans. Today, LGBTQ+ Pride Month celebrations include pride parades, picnics, parties, workshops, symposia and concerts, attracting millions of participants around the world.
Teaching about LGBTQ+ Topics
In schools and classrooms, LGBTQ+ Pride Month is an excellent time to talk with students about LGBTQ+ people and their struggles to achieve equity and justice in all aspects of their lives. It is an opportunity to learn about important LGBTQ+ people in history, read literature that features LGBTQ+ people, analyze heterosexism and explore its causes and solutions. As with other similarly themed months, it is important not to isolate the exploration of LGBTQ+ people and culture into one month during the year. LGBTQ+ history is U.S. history and should be integrated into the curriculum throughout the school year.
Below is a list of relevant K-12 curriculum, children’s books and other resources to bring LGBTQ+ Pride Month to your schools and classrooms.
|
<urn:uuid:b1a49250-3d57-4b63-a8a2-df1f06c558ab>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-40
|
https://www.adl.org/resources/tools-and-strategies/lgbtq-pride-month-and-education-resources?gclid=EAIaIQobChMI-tGov_6s_wIVEwytBh3WVg1wEAAYASAAEgKDJPD_BwE
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233511053.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20231003024646-20231003054646-00791.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.954346 | 294 | 4.34375 | 4 |
NASA WANTS YOUR HELP
NASA is carrying forward its mission to reach out to new frontiers with the announcement today of plans for a “Vascular Tissue Challenge”, a $500,000 prize to be given to the team who can first develop vascular thick tissue that will lay the basis for treatments ranging everywhere from new tissue for burn victims to 3-D organ printing, and providing new organs for all who might need them, when they need them.
NASA has always reached beyond the limits of today. In the early 1960s, then U.S. President John F Kennedy issued a challenge to the science community to land a man on the moon and return him safely to the earth by the end of the decade. Think for a moment of the world in which President Kennedy issued that challenge: less than 2 decades since jet propulsion had come into use, in which a journey to the moon seemed impossible. Only 60 years had passed from the first Wright brothers flight at Kitty Hawk! But when Neil Armstrong laid the first human footprint on the moon’s surface on July 21st, 1969, the seeming impossible had become reality because forward-looking, brave men and women refused to accept false limitations in what they could accomplish.
Just as they did a generation ago, brave men and women at NASA and in the medical research community are looking forward to accomplishing what has been thought impossible: the creation of tissue and organs for all who in need.
As with the moon shot, what seemed a giant task is believed to be within reach. To quote NASA’s website:
Developing this capability will enable new research initiatives that may bring real solutions to organ disease, skin burns and other medical concerns. NASA’s objective for this challenge is to produce viable thick-tissue assays above and beyond the current state of the art technology that can be used to advance research on human physiology, fundamental space biology, and medicine taking place both on the Earth and the ISS National Laboratory. Specifically, innovations may enable the growth of de novo tissues and organs on orbit which may address the risks related to traumatic bodily injury, improve general crew health, and enhance crew performance on future, long-duration mission.
NASA is inviting your feedback. They would like to hear your thoughts on the rules, goals and competition parameters. They would also like to hear the input of potential competitors for this prize as they look to move forward in the research and planning phase. You can find the proposed rules and information HERE.
The Methuselah Foundation has the opportunity to work closely in the operation of this challenge. Stay tuned for more in-depth information on what promises to be one of the most exciting medical prize challenges yet!
Be sure to look at projects the Methuselah Foundation has in progress! Learn more about other Methuselah Foundation work including the Liver Prize, our Bowhead Whale Study, the Methuselah Mouse Prize and more HERE.
|
<urn:uuid:4fa5392a-028e-4391-ab9f-95f89f1dd585>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-47
|
https://www.mfoundation.org/blog/2016/03/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-47/segments/1510934806422.29/warc/CC-MAIN-20171121185236-20171121205236-00013.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.953111 | 601 | 2.8125 | 3 |
People with low levels of a form of 'good' cholesterol in middle age may have a higher risk of memory loss and dementia in later life.
Scientists found that people with less high-density lipoproteins (HDL) performed worse in tests assessing memory.
The team from the French National Institute for Health and Medical Research argue that their findings suggest physicians and patients should be encouraged to monitor levels of HDL cholesterol.
The research is published in the journal Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology.
It studied cholesterol levels in 3,673 people taking part in the Whitehall II study - a study which began in 1985 to assess people's long-term health.
Low HDL was defined as less than 40mg/dL and high HDL as 60mg/dL or higher.
At age 55, participants with low HDL cholesterol showed a 27 per cent increased risk of memory loss when compared to those with high HDL.
Five years later, participants with low HDL had a 53 per cent increased risk of memory loss compared to the high HDL group.
HDL cholesterol serves several vital biological functions.
It helps clear excess cholesterol from the blood; assists nerve-cell synapses to mature; and helps control the formation of beta-amyloid, the major component of the protein plaques found in the brains of Alzheimer's patients.
The researchers say the mechanism linking HDL cholesterol to dementia is unclear but suggest that HDL cholesterol prevents formation of beta-amyloid.
'HDL could also affect memory through its influence on atherosclerotic disease and stroke, or vascular injury,' said lead author Dr Archana Singh-Manoux.
'Finally, HDL cholesterol may influence memory through its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.'
Commenting on the study, Dr Susanne Sorensen, head of research at the Alzheimer's Society, said: 'One of the functions of HDL is to transport cholesterol from the arteries back to the liver to be degraded, so it is clearly important to have enough of this transporter available.
'This study shows that if there is not enough HDL to transport cholesterol and other lipids around the body, it can not only increase your risk of heart disease but also affect your memory and may increase your risk of getting Alzheimer's disease.
She added: 'We know that controlling cholesterol in midlife is important if you are to reduce your risk of developing vascular dementia later and this may also be important for the development of Alzheimer's disease.
'People should eat a healthy diet, low in salt and saturated fat and take regular exercise. If you have high cholesterol you should also actively seek treatment from your GP to ensure you are doing everything possible to reduce your risk of dementia in later life.'
© Adfero Ltd
|
<urn:uuid:f258e35a-f924-479f-9d89-46d7940a1e9c>
|
CC-MAIN-2020-10
|
https://www.netdoctor.co.uk/healthy-living/news/a16862/low-good-cholesterol-linked-to-dementia-risk/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-10/segments/1581875144058.43/warc/CC-MAIN-20200219061325-20200219091325-00515.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.937938 | 564 | 3.234375 | 3 |
What is IT Band syndrome?
It is inflammation of the ligament that stretches from the outside hip to the outside of the knee. Patients will often complain of pain at the hip or the knee joint when moving the affected limb. If the leg is kept extended or is not moving then symptoms usually subside. The patient may also feel a pain with clicking on the outside of the knee. This is due the IT band snapping across the knee joint during activity. The IT band is meant to stabilize the knee laterally and if this is compromised then damage to the joint may occur.
How do we diagnose IT band syndrome?
The doctor will perform a full physical and attain a complete history of the symptoms. IT band syndrome has very specific symptoms and therefore is fairly easy to diagnose without any advanced imaging. If confirmation of the diagnosis is needed then an MRI may be utilized to visualize the inflammation on the lateral side of the knee. An x-ray is not needed unless there is some risk of trauma to the bone.
What are the symptoms of IT band syndrome?
Pain at the lateral side of the knee that occurs upon heel strike is the most common complaint among patients. They may also experience a snapping or popping sound where the IT band is excessively moving across the knee joint. Walking up and down stairs can also increase symptoms for the patient. Pain may also radiate up to the hip and can be very debilitating.
What is the treatment for IT band syndrome?
Initially the physician may start with simple rest, icing, elevation, and compression to the affected leg. Massage therapy to the area of pain or foam rolling may be considered as well. Iontopheresis or phonopheresis are both modalities that can be administered by a physical therapist. Both of these treatment methods act to decrease inflammation to the area of pain. Steroid injections to the lateral knee at the site of pain also acts as an anti-inflammatory treatment. Oral NSAID’s such as Aleve or Ibuprofen may also help to decrease inflammation to the IT band. With the inflammation decreased aggressive physical therapy can be used to help stretch the IT band and its surrounding structures. With less strain to the band there will be less inflammation to the insertion of the IT Band.
Custom orthotics may also be helpful in correcting any abnormal foot motion that is affecting the knee and hip. If the foot is flat then strain will become more apparent to the lateral knee. The orthotic will correct the decreased arch and support the foot so that there is less strain to the tendons and joints above the ankle. Surgical treatment is not necessary unless there is some other underlying issue causing the pain not related to the IT band.
|
<urn:uuid:400520bc-2ee4-4664-9367-a1af39ac6812>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-34
|
http://thetampapodiatrist.com/blog/it-band-syndrome/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-34/segments/1502886117874.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20170823055231-20170823075231-00711.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.939738 | 547 | 2.65625 | 3 |
(50 mins) The ancient Arabic language, transplanted, with the spread of Islam, from the Arabian Peninsula to Europe and the borders of China, remains the pivot of Arab culture today. Arabic, the language of the Quran, is the sacred language for all Muslims and has played a major role in shaping and maintaining Arab society. Poetry remains the forum for political debate, and major poets attract thousands to hear them recite their latest works. In the words of our writer, Khalida Said: “Poetry is the best witness to our crisis it’s our creative response to these bad times.”
Paradoxically, war-torn Lebanon’s a meeting place of contemporary intellectual thought in the Arab world; still the publishing centre, still a refuge for poets, painters and novelists form troubled Arab lands; “the capital of the Arabs’ deepest wounds”.
We discover poets and the origins of poetry, actors and the origins of Arab theatre; but above all this is a film about how Arab writers respond to the challenges of the modern world.
|
<urn:uuid:a1839da0-0f0a-4313-a142-ae1d3279a03f>
|
CC-MAIN-2014-41
|
http://www.sas.upenn.edu/mec/resources/media/arabs-living-history-part-4-power-word
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-41/segments/1410657133417.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20140914011213-00193-ip-10-196-40-205.us-west-1.compute.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.927854 | 222 | 2.921875 | 3 |
Success in Academic Writing - Trevor Day 2018
Words and images
Tables are usually used to compare and contrast numerical data (Table 8.1) although they can be used to compare discrete categories of written information (Table 8.2). A table is normally referred to in text nearby, as in the previous sentence.
In a written report, tables are usually used in the main body of the report to present summarised or processed data. If you need to present raw data to convince your assessor that you have carried out an experimental investigation appropriately, then such data can be placed in an appendix.
If you wish to reveal a clear pattern or trend in data, this is normally best done using a graph or chart rather than a table.
*Parts per thousand. Dissolved solid (in grams) per 1,000 grams of seawater.
Refer to Tables 8.1 and 8.2 as you examine the various conventions used in constructing tables:
✵If your document contains more than one table, assign each table a number in consecutive order and place the number before the title.
✵The title is placed at the top and should clearly and concisely describe what the table contains.
✵Plan the table so that it has an appropriate number of columns and rows to fit on the page (if it will not fit in portrait format, use landscape format).
✵Typically, each column and each row has a brief heading. The heading may contain units and/or abbreviations that do not need to be explained if they are likely to be familiar to the reader. If they are not familiar, or additional clarification is needed, further information can be given as footnotes beneath the table (see Tables 8.1 and 8.2).
✵Columns and rows are arranged in a logical order. For example, in Table 8.1 the entries in rows are placed in order of decreasing size of ocean.
✵Data in a column should be aligned consistently. Words are normally centred or aligned left. Numbers are typically centred or aligned right, with decimal points aligned.
✵If the data or information in a table is not your own, the source should be cited (after the title or in a footnote just below the table).
Improving a table
Below is a table using data from page 37 of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)’s 2016 Review of Maritime Transport. Suggest three ways in which Table 8.3 could be improved.
Compare your answers with those at the end of the chapter.
|
<urn:uuid:dcefe30f-d6df-4a27-ba5a-c34faded5e5c>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-23
|
https://philology.science/academic_writing/success/41.html
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224648245.63/warc/CC-MAIN-20230602003804-20230602033804-00517.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.890257 | 536 | 4 | 4 |
Michael Mesure flew to Saskatoon this week for the Nature City Festival, educating groups on bird collisions with buildings and lobbying for bird-friendly building policies. After taking a Friday morning stroll though downtown Saskatoon and seeing evidence of bird strikes, the executive director of Fatal Light Awareness Program (FLAP) Canada spoke with reporter Jonathan Charlton. This interview has been condensed and edited.
Why is this important?
tap here to see other videos from our team.
Bird collisions with buildings is now considered the second leading cause of bird death across Canada. Bird collisions include lit up structures at night in dense urban environments, and then during the day it’s all glass that reflects the surrounding habitat. Glass will include both homes and commercial structures — anywhere you have glass, in fact, is a potential threat to birds.
I’ve heard about the issue of night time attraction, but not daytime collisions. Can you explain why that’s a problem?
|
<urn:uuid:7992f436-4466-4ef7-b157-6302419981b8>
|
CC-MAIN-2020-24
|
https://thestarphoenix.com/technology/science/advocate-wants-saskatoon-to-become-a-safer-place-for-our-feathered-friends
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-24/segments/1590347426801.75/warc/CC-MAIN-20200602193431-20200602223431-00017.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.943641 | 195 | 2.578125 | 3 |
Find two triangular numbers whose sum is input.
Note: The difference beetween the triangular numbers should be minimum.
When I click on solutions, a single solution is appearing and other solutions are like sub-solutions of this single solution. Something odd is going on here.
That solution is too wide to fit in Cody's editor, and it is automatically truncated into incomplete text (thus is valid only for the first run and becomes invalid upon re-scoring). Since it is very wide, it somehow shifts all other solutions to the right, making them look like sub-solutions.It has been re-scored to invalid and should not give confusion any more.
Ok. Thanks for the explanation.
First N Perfect Squares
Calculate the area of a triangle between three points
Matrix with different incremental runs
Create an index-powered vector
Bridge and Torch Problem - Length of Unique Time List
Dealing with correlation results!
replace nan values iteratively.
Recaman Sequence - III
Go back n times
Choose a web site to get translated content where available and see local events and offers. Based on your location, we recommend that you select: .
You can also select a web site from the following list:
Select the China site (in Chinese or English) for best site performance. Other MathWorks country sites are not optimized for visits from your location.
Contact your local office
|
<urn:uuid:f31c0a0b-e684-40c3-a0c0-57e843ba5606>
|
CC-MAIN-2020-29
|
https://kr.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/cody/problems/44289
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-29/segments/1593655891654.18/warc/CC-MAIN-20200707044954-20200707074954-00006.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.885506 | 290 | 2.796875 | 3 |
Trypophobia is the irrational and intense fear of holes that are small, clustered and of rough or asymmetric patterns and appearance such as beehives, ant hills, holes in concrete, bug tunnels in wood, veins in meat or bumps which results in an all over creepy, crawling, itchy feeling and all round restlessness.
This phobia is not a disease and cannot be contracted through insect bites or coming in contact with people with this kind of phobia, but it is one of the most common phobia that we have.
Trypophobia skin disease is a strange condition and may seem of little or no significance to those who do not suffer from it but it can cause a great deal of harmful effect on those who suffer from it.
Phobia by definition is an excessive, irrational or obsessive fear or anxiety usually about something in particular, people suffer from different kinds of phobia but fifteen percent of the population complain about the fear of holes, whereas its scientific name is known as Trypophobia which is coined from “trypa” and “phobos”.
Causes of The Fear Holes
The exact reason for getting this particular phobia is not yet known. There are thousands of people who claim they suffer from it. In spite of this, it is not recognized in the American Psychiatric Associations Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders or any other scientific literature but it can be found all over the internet.
According to a just completed research by the university of Essex, George Cole, a part of the expert researchers in the science of vision said the visual patterns that initiates the symptoms for people suffering from this phobia is the same with those seen in different venomous animals. This little research done about it suggests that it is an instinctive fear of harm from dangerous things that has been transferred to harmless objects or substances.
Some individuals offered the following possible causes of this irrational fear:
- Deep rotted emotional issue: some objects or substances associated with childhood that initiates traumatic memories related with holes.
- Individuals who are scared of snakes or scorpions can develop it as such creatures tend to hide in dark and small holes. The fear of such creatures can develop to the fear of holes.
- Evolution: evolution may be the one of the major causes of fear of holes. This can be explained using pockmarked substances or objects which do not seem completely normal. A section of the brain associates these pockmarks with something very dangerous.
- It is possible for trypo phobia to get triggered in people after they might have witnessed a friend, loved one or stranger fall into a hole. Such events can affect the subconscious thereby leading to repetitions in the form of these phobia.
- Some organic objects like rashes or blisters that usually follow an episode of chicken pox or measles tend to be associated with holes.
- By seeing visual images of maggots, worms or other kinds of insects burrowing into fruits or vegetables can cause nervousness and disgust in some people.
- Erosion of rocks, stones or the ground by wind or water can create irregular patterns with clusters of holes in them. Such holes can trigger it in some individuals.
- The fear of Holes can also be a learnt behavior from someone else; some people gave reports that they were not feeling a sense of anxiety of clustered holes until they saw or heard someone feel that way. It may be a learnt or influenced fear from people around that get disturbed by holes.
Signs and Symptoms
People suffering from the fear of Holes are always worried about the contingency that they might fall into these holes, it is exceptionally deep dark inside these holes or something might be living inside these holes. They experience a sense of discomfort and irritation on the whole body after looking at an object or substance that has lots of small and clustered holes.
Some splanchnic reactions can also be generated as a response to looking at objects or substances that triggers this phobia. Most people experience;
- Hurting of hair
- Migraine and fever
- Disgust and mental disturbance
- Thoughts of death
- Stomach upset
- Nausea or vomit
- Crawling and creeping sensations on the skin
- Compulsive need to take a shower after the sight of such holes
The fear of Holes can be diagnosed by exposing an individual to objects or substances with holes or by presenting images of clustered holes to the individual suspected to have this phobia. It is said that the section of the brain of an individual who is trypophobic associates small clustered holes with some kind of danger thereby resulting into a form of flight or fight reaction, this might also be as a result of a trauma such individual might have undergone in the past. Click Here To Diagnose Yourselve
In conclusion of these, some certain conditions must be met before you really ascertain to be having the fear of holes. These conditions are;
- The emotion felt must be strong, uncontrollable, unpleasant and irrational and it also must be triggered by the presence of or the eagerness of an impulse.
- The exposure to the small clustered object or substance must create a panic attack.
- Situations which could cause panic attacks are always avoided or barely tolerated with a strong feeling of discomfort.
- These avoidance behaviors and symptoms which appear even when thinking about objects with holes disrupts work, studies, social life and everyday routine.
If you really feel the conditions described above, then you are indeed trypophobic and it would be nice and advisable to seek medical help so as not to allow these symptoms interfere with your daily routine.
The fear of holes is not a recognized condition so there are no standard treatment options but you can overcome it by doing or having the following:
- Cognitive therapy: the objective of cognitive therapy is to enable people suffering from it to learn how to set apart real feelings from the unreal ones. People suffering from this phobia need to change their belief in objects or substances they consider dangerous and the impact they might have.
- Behavioral therapy: this requires undergoing a series of treatment sessions that would most likely let a man adjust and control this irrational behavior. It is easier to learn the best method of controlling emotions when exposed to small clustered holes through this therapy.
- Behavioral and cognitive therapy: some therapists mix the two in treating it thereby making the sufferer learn the abilities of recovering quickly. This method can be used upon everyday living.
- Learn the truth behind the things that make you afraid, by educating yourself about the source of your phobia can help demystify it. You might probably appreciate those things for the functions they serve.
- Exposure therapy: it is believed that when a sufferer is exposed to small clustered objects or substances often and often, this phobia would reduce drastically after each exposure. This exposure therapy deals with confrontation of the sources of these phobia.
- Relaxation techniques: if the anxiety is so severe to confront the objects behind it, some relaxation techniques such as yoga, meditation, deep breathing, muscle relaxation and among others can be done to reduce the anxiety.
- Neuro-linguistic programming: by using this therapy, the sufferer will be exposed and have to be reprogrammed, so they could decrease or diminish this phobia in their life.
- If the cause of the fear of holes is as a result of a deep rooted emotional issue, then counseling and hypnosis can also be effective in treating the fear of holes.
- Take good care of yourself by eating balanced diet, exercising for at least thirty minutes per day and sleeping well will help control anxiety.
- Using medications ranging from antidepressants, tranquilizers or beta blockers which should be prescribed by a psychiatric doctor.
*antidepressants that are usually prescribed for different phobia cases are 5-hydroxytryptamine reuptake inhibitors. Doctors might also prescribe other antidepressants to reduce the symptoms depending on the severity of the case.
*beta blockers are drugs that are used to neutralize the effects of adrenaline in the body. They tend to lower the heart rate, blood pressure and as well reduce quivers.
*benzodiazepines, a certain type of tranquilizer drug which helps to limit the anxiety felt by people with different kinds of phobias. These medications have to be used with care because they can come with adverse side effects and many contraindications.
Medications should be used when experiencing severe and uncontrollable symptoms and do note that these medications will only reduce anxiety temporarily.
- You can discuss your fear of holes with someone you trust. You can also open up to a friend or family member in order to start dealing with it or probably join an online forum where you would get to see different people with this phobia. They might also suggest different methods they have used in dealing with this phobia.
If you ever notice your friend, child or any other person having this phobia, do not take it as a joke instead take it upon yourself to help the person.
|
<urn:uuid:1dd18cbe-9cfd-4949-8646-22bf93800050>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-47
|
http://phobiapal.com/trypophobia-fear-holes-phobia/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-47/segments/1510934804125.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20171118002717-20171118022717-00314.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.943875 | 1,845 | 2.890625 | 3 |
The MMR health scare led to a drop in uptake of the vaccination from 92 per cent of children in 1996 to under 80 per cent in 2003.
While researchers looked at the now discredited theory that the MMR jab could cause autism, one fact was clear: more children were catching — and passing on — mumps, measles and rubella. In rare cases, measles can be fatal.
By the late 1990s what had been common childhood diseases were rare, a testament to the power of the campaign to vaccinate all children. In England and Wales there were fewer than 200 confirmed cases
|
<urn:uuid:d4b39c70-48d8-4268-86fe-c74391e9af98>
|
CC-MAIN-2014-35
|
http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/health/child-health/article3110229.ece
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-35/segments/1408500811913.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20140820021331-00004-ip-10-180-136-8.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.979584 | 117 | 3.125 | 3 |
I am back home. The semester is finished. I am continuing in sharing the paper on propitiation, which I think is important for us all to know, heightened especially during this time when the attention is supposed to be on Jesus more. This part focuses on the beginning, the time of God's glorious creation and the horrific Fall of Adam and Eve. Here we will see that even in the beginning certain themes begin to take shape which affect the way propitiation is developed throughout history. If you missed the first part, I suggest you read it here before checking this section out.
Creation & The Fall
One should rightly assume that propitiation is not found in the creation narrative in the first two chapters of Genesis for a handful of reasons, which shall be discussed below. Here it is first important to highlight some characteristics seen in the relationship between God and his people that are crucial in laying the groundwork for God’s redemptive and restorative plan. We must begin with God, who is good (Ps 100:5). God created the heavens, the earth and all that is in them and when “God saw everything that he had made…it was very good” (Gen 1:31). The pinnacle of this good creation is mankind, whom he created imago Dei, meaning in the image of God (Gen 1:26-27; cf. 9:6). By command in Gen 1:28-30, God gives man responsibility (v. 28a) and dominion (vv. 28b-30) over all the earth. Further on God gives man, who is named Adam, another command not to eat from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil otherwise he will surely die (2:17). At chapter’s end, Adam has a helper and a wife, Eve, both naked before each other and God, unashamed (2:25).
The first two chapters of the Bible paint a picture of the world when propitiation is completely unnecessary. Man, though responsible for and having dominion over the earth, is still under the sovereign rule of the God who created him and commanded him in these things. Under God’s rule, in God’s place, mankind and all of creation are seen as good. The powerful ending of Genesis 2 indicates that this goodness of God’s creation is marked by innocence, untainted by sin of any kind. With sin absent, the wrath of God is unseen in the text, though there is a hint to God’s wrath in v. 17 should man actually be disobedient to his command and eat of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil. This would surely bring about death, which is a stark warning in a text filled with God’s goodness, creation, and life. However the case, to this point in the story Adam and Eve knew nothing of God’s wrath experientially.
Everything changes when both Adam and Eve sin for the first time, succumbing to the temptation of the serpent and directly disobeying the command of God (3:1-6). The effect was devastating as seen in their shame at being naked, covering themselves with fig leaves, and also their broken fellowship with God, trying to hide from him when they heard him (vv. 7-8). Furthermore, God remains true to his command: because of their sin death enters into the world, which is spiritual death, marked by their alienation from God, but also physical death, marked by the actual death of the body and of all living things. Combine sin, shame, and death with the curses God places on the serpent, woman, and man (vv. 14-19) and one should easily conclude that God’s wrath has also entered the world. Yet because death did not come imminently for Adam and Eve—Adam living at least 800 years longer (5:3-5)—elements of God’s grace should be acknowledged.
Finally, worth mentioning is the probable first sacrifice implied in Scripture. Genesis 3:21 states, “And the Lord God made for Adam and his wife garments of skins and clothed them.” Bruce Waltke writes that “The substitution of [God’s] skin tunics for their fig-leaf ‘loincloths’ suggests that their own coverings were inadequate to cover their shame and to provide them with their felt need for protection. Since the tunics are made of skin, implicitly it took the shedding of blood, the offering up of life, to provide the needed kind of covering.” The context of the passage does not allow for the interpretation of this “shedding of blood” to mean an atonement or propitiation of any kind, but it may introduce some sort of prelude to the future sacrificial system. Furthermore it was God who made the sacrifice and provided an adequate covering, which could be interpreted as foreshadowing Jesus, the God-man, offering up himself as a sacrifice on the cross, covering our shame once for all. In summary, the first three chapters of Genesis introduce some major components for propitiatory sacrifice—God’s rule over man, man’s sin and death, God’s wrath and grace, and the shedding of blood. Although at this point the sacrifice is in no way related to the other components, these initial chapters of Scripture already establish a very strong case that such will occur further on.
By His Grace.
|
<urn:uuid:1013f4c7-1c39-46c3-a32a-b1bc6bc5f4cb>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-47
|
http://www.andrewlisi.com/2009/01/free-from-gods-wrath-firmly-rooted-in.html
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-47/segments/1510934805417.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20171119061756-20171119081756-00349.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.964414 | 1,128 | 2.953125 | 3 |
King John's son, was
only nine when he became king. By 1227, when he assumed power from his
regent, order had been restored, based on his acceptance of Magna Carta.
However, the king's failed campaigns in France (1230 and 1242), his choice
of friends and advisers, together with the cost of his scheme to make one of
his younger sons King of Sicily and help the Pope against the Holy Roman
Emperor, led to further disputes with the barons and united opposition in
Church and State.
Although Henry was extravagant and his tax demands were resented, the king's
accounts show a list of many charitable donations and payments for building
works (including the rebuilding of Westminster Abbey which began in 1245).
The Provisions of Oxford (1258) and the Provisions of Westminster (1259)
were attempts by the nobles to define common law in the spirit of Magna
Carta, control appointments and set up an aristocratic council. Henry tried
to defeat them by obtaining papal absolution from his oaths, and enlisting
King Louis XI's help. Henry renounced the Provisions in 1262 and war broke
out. The barons, under their leader, Simon de Montfort, were initially
successful and even captured Henry.
However, Henry escaped, joined forces with the lords of the Marches (on the
Welsh border), and finally defeated and killed de Montfort at the Battle of
Evesham in 1265. Royal authority was restored by the Statute of Marlborough
(1267), in which the king also promised to uphold Magna Carta and some of
the Provisions of Westminster.
|
<urn:uuid:5cda45bb-26ac-42e9-9567-08e605552e0a>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-47
|
http://history.ucan.us/henry_3rd_king_of_england.php
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-47/segments/1510934805809.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20171119210640-20171119230640-00233.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.97877 | 356 | 3.515625 | 4 |
8 March 2017 - World Vision joins global International Women’s Day celebrations in calling out: #BeBoldForChange. But first, we asked children from Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam and Cambodia: “Can you picture a world without women?”
“I will probably not be born and I will not have a girlfriend” (Thailand). “There will be no order and tidiness.” (Thailand), “What will happen if men want to get married?” (Cambodia), “A world without women would be uninspired and I would not be here” (Vietnam).
Despite poverty, unemployment, social injustice, climate change, and gender inequality – which disproportionately affect women across the Asia Pacific – many women are still able to rise and create meaningful change, daily, in their communities.
If the world did not have women, no one would have built this typhoon-resistant kitchen in the disaster-battered Pacific island of Vanuatu. Or traveled door to door with life-saving health tips for communities in the island nation of Papua New Guinea, which has only 18 health workers for every 10,000 persons.
More than half of the world’s women live in the Asia Pacific. Join the boldest among them in carrying out simple, extraordinary acts today… and beyond.
|
<urn:uuid:8aa1d6a5-8afc-4532-8a34-c841087718f0>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-47
|
http://www.wvi.org/asia-pacific/gallery/imagining-asia-without-women
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-47/segments/1510934809419.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20171125051513-20171125071513-00383.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.934377 | 281 | 2.8125 | 3 |
Emerging Objects, frontrunners in the 3D printing industry, has developed a 3D-printed ceramic “Cool Brick” that uses nothing but water to cool homes in hot, dry climates. This is the first project of its kind, now on exhibit in San Francisco, and it demonstrates technology that could make a radical change to home energy use in arid regions.
The design firm behind this amazing innovation has proven they have an eco-friendly heart by using recycled materials in past projects. With this new development, they have married ancient technology with modern printing capabilities to answer the very serious question of how to reduce cooling costs as global temperatures rise. The 3D-printed ceramic bricks are based on evaporative cooling systems used as far back as 2500 B.C. With only water needed to provide a cooling effect, technology like this could eventually lead to slashing energy costs by reducing the need for expensive air-conditioning units.
Related: Ceramic “Ecooler” screen is a beautiful passive cooling system
Cool Brick is a new kind of passive cooling system that uses only water to cool rooms in hot, dry areas. The printed bricks are porous to absorb water, and they fit together like LEGOs to build a screen. Held together with mortar, the brick lattice forms a cool, protective layer against a wall, keeping it insulated from the heat.
This kind of innovation could go a long way to reducing the reliance on energy in hot, arid regions where air conditioning is impractical and expensive. Cool Bricks have the ability to cool the air without removing humidity as well, making a separate humidifier unnecessary (and thus eliminating the additional energy costs). Emerging Objects already has plans to use 3D printing technology to crank out entire buildings, and with this step forward, one might wonder when they will attempt to print a self-cooling 3D home.
Images via Emerging Objects.
|
<urn:uuid:68375bd7-d900-4a2a-ae9d-b05c484435d7>
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
|
https://inhabitat.com/3d-printed-cool-brick-cools-a-room-using-only-water/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679103810.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20231211080606-20231211110606-00754.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.944912 | 386 | 2.796875 | 3 |
|Jepson Flora Project: Jepson Interchange|
|TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993)||
previous taxon |
Jepson Interchange (more information)
©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora.
Perennial, shrub, tree, glabrous or hairy
Stem often forked
Leaves opposite, sessile or petioled, pairs generally unequal; blade generally entire
Inflorescence generally forked; of spikes, clusters, or umbels, each unit sometimes with a calyx-like involucre
Flower bisexual, radial; perianth of 1 whorl, petal-like, bell- to trumpet-shaped, base hardened, tightly surrounding ovary in fruit, lobes 45, generally notched to ± bilateral; stamens 1many; ovary superior (appearing inferior because of hardened perianth base), style 1
Fruit: achene or nut, smooth, wrinkled, or ribbed
Genera in family: 30 genera, 300 species: warm regions, especially Am; some ornamental (Bougainvillea ; Mirabilis , four o'clock).
Stem repeatedly forked, decumbent to erect
Leaf generally petioled
Inflorescence forked; calyx-like involucres densely clustered or solitary in axils, bell- to saucer-shaped; flowers 116 per involucre, blooming sequentially
Flower: perianth funnel- to bell-shaped, lobes 5; stamens 35, generally exserted; stigma ± spheric, generally exserted
Fruit ± round to club-shaped, smooth to 5-ribbed; wing 0
Species in genus: ± 60 species: Am, Himalayas
Etymology: (Latin: wonderful)
Fls open in evening, close in morning. Spp. intergrade; Hermidium , Oxybaphus sometimes segregated, but intergrade with other species; careful study needed. [Pilz 1978 Madroño 25:113132]
Stem trailing to ascending, < 8 dm, somewhat woody, aging grayish, scabrous or ± glandular-hairy
Leaf: blade 13.5 cm, ovate, puberulent or glandular-hairy
Inflorescence: involucres clustered near ends of branches, bell-shaped; bracts 5, 58 mm, > 1/2 fused, lobes ovate; flower 1 per involucre
Flower: perianth 514 mm, broadly funnel-shaped, pink to purple-red (white)
Fruit ± 5 mm, ovoid, generally lightly dotted or wrinkled, glabrous
Ecology: Common. Grassy areas, chaparral, dunes, dry rocky areas and washes
Elevation: < 1000 m.
Bioregional distribution: Central Coast, South Coast Ranges, Southwestern California, w edge Desert
Distribution outside California: Baja California
Flowering time: Mostly DecJun
Synonyms: M. laevis (Benth.) Curran var. laevis misapplied; var. cedrosensis (Standl.) J.F. Macbr
Poorly distinguished morphologically and geographically from M. bigelovii; these may prove to be infraspecific entities in a moree broadly conceived species
Horticultural information: DRN, DRY, SUN: 8, 9, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24.
Recent taxonomic note: Mirabilis laevis (Benth.) Curran var. crassifolia (Choisy) Spellenb.
|YOU CAN HELP US make sure that our distributional information is correct and current. If you know that a plant occurs in a wild, reproducing state in a Jepson bioregion NOT highlighted on the map, please contact us with that information. Please realize that we cannot incorporate range extensions without access to a voucher specimen, which should (ultimately) be deposited in an herbarium. You can send the pressed, dried collection (with complete locality information indicated) to us (e-mail us for details) or refer us to an accessioned herbarium specimen. Non-occurrence of a plant in an indicated area is difficult to document, but we will especially value your input on those types of possible errors (see automatic conversion of distribution data to maps).|
|
<urn:uuid:59ca90af-f9a3-4843-8c7d-759ab60af706>
|
CC-MAIN-2014-10
|
http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_JM_treatment.pl?5194,5221,5226
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-10/segments/1393999646172/warc/CC-MAIN-20140305060726-00097-ip-10-183-142-35.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.798435 | 991 | 2.765625 | 3 |
Since there was money to be made from knitting (and we already know the history of how men feel about women making money), it was initially a male-dominated craft. It is generally believed that sailors and traders from Arabia, as well as Catholic missionaries,were responsible for spreading the craft of knitting around the world. Knitting didn’t become the female-associated activity that it is today until cheaper and faster methods for making clothing were developed, and men moved on to other forms of world domination. By the beginning of the 20th century, it was highly unusual for a man to knit.
George Washington Carver, known for being an accomplished botanist, revolutionizing peanut farming and for being a former slave, was also a knitter. Taught by his slave owner, Susan, Carver recycled string and burlap for his knitting, and even dyed much of his own thread.
Czarina Alexandra Romanov taught all of her children to knit, including her son Alexei, born December 8th, 1904, and pictured here with his mother. A letter to his father contains a reference to his work on a multi-colored scarf and, according to rumor, was an accomplished sock knitter. He died, along with the rest of his family, on the 17th of July, 1918 Ektarinburg during the Bolshevik Revolution.
“Knitting is a distinct virtue,” said Geoffrey Fisher, archbishop of Canterbury from 1945 to 1961, “It’s reflective and repetitive. Whenever you are engaged in doing a purely repetitive thing, your mind can reflect upon life.”
The distinguished epidemiologist Charles M. Fletcher (born 1911) managed to quit smoking not just once, but twice, by knitting. Too bad there aren’t a whole lot of pictures of him on the internet.
The really funny thing about this picture is that Russell Crowe didn’t actually know how to knit when it was taken. I guess someone thought it made him look sensitive. Anyway, he’s since learned how to knit as a method of anger management, which he probably needed after punching that photographer.
Here’s Gromit, from the opening moments of A Close Shave. Gromit’s a boy, right?
|
<urn:uuid:e13c9e1c-aa24-40d0-bbf9-0930a6738eaf>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-39
|
http://yarnboy.com/history/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-39/segments/1505818692236.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20170925164022-20170925184022-00512.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.986651 | 468 | 2.875 | 3 |
Designing objects 3D printing no longer requires complex CAD skills. Paul Harter's clever script for Minecraft makes it child's play...
Born from a love of 3D printing creative technical architect, programer and father Paul Harter has created a way of replicating anything that can be made in the cult sandbox game Minecraft in physical form.
In general, designing objects for 3D printing depends on knowledge of CAD software - and even the simpler tools like Sketch up and 123D would be a stretch for children to use. However, Harter's children were already enjoying creating blocky objects in Minecraft, so he created Printcraft a script which can turn their creations in to an .stl file ready to be 3D printed.
After putting it online for others to use, the script has become a hit and people from around the world have been printing their Minecraft creations, both for the sake of having memorabilia and to understand and experiment with this emerging technology.
If your kids are into Minecraft and you have access to a 3D printer , go to eu1.printcraft.org to find out more.
Words: Chris Harries
Have you seen a cool 3D printing project? Tell us about it in the comments!
|
<urn:uuid:f05db941-4517-4450-b5ff-5a5323ab8bd7>
|
CC-MAIN-2014-10
|
http://www.creativebloq.com/3d-printing/3d-print-your-minecraft-creations-3132149
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-10/segments/1393999650424/warc/CC-MAIN-20140305060730-00055-ip-10-183-142-35.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.95315 | 252 | 3.046875 | 3 |
|William H. Calvin, PhD, Professor at|
University of Washington,
author of: Global Fever: How to
Treat Climate Change
1. Prospects for an Emergency Drawdown of CO2
Suppose we had to quickly put the CO2 genie back in the bottle. After a half-century of “thinking small” about climate action, we would be forced to think big—big enough to quickly pull back from the danger zone for tipping points and other abrupt climate shifts.
By addressing the prospects for an emergency drawdown of excess CO2 now, we can also judge how close we have already come to painting ourselves into a corner where all escape routes are closed off.7
Getting serious about emissions reduction will be the first course of action to come to mind in a climate crisis, as little else has been discussed. But it has become a largely ineffective course of action11 with poor prospects, as the following argument shows.
In half of the climate models14, global average overheating is more than 2°C by 2048. But in the US, we get there by 2028. It is a similar story for other large countries.
Because most of the growth in emissions now comes from the developing countries burning their own fossil fuels to modernize with electricity and personal vehicles, emissions growth is likely out of control, though capable of being countered by removals elsewhere.
But suppose the world somehow succeeds. In the slow growth IPCC scenario, similar to what global emissions reduction might buy us, 2°C arrives by 2079 globally–but in the US, it arrives by 2037.
So drastic emissions reduction worldwide would only buy the US nine extra years.
However useful it would have been in the 20th century, emissions reduction has now become a failed strategy, though still useful as a booster for a more effective intervention.
We must now resort to a form of geoengineering that will not cause more trouble than it cures, one that addresses ocean acidification as well as overheating and its knock-on effects.
Putting current and past CO2 emissions back into secure storage5 would reduce the global overheating, relieve deluge and drought, reverse ocean acidification, reverse the thermal expansion portion of sea level rise, and reduce the chance of more4 abrupt climate shifts.
Existing ideas for removing the excess CO2 from the air appear inadequate: too little, too late. They do not meet the test of being sufficiently big, quick, and secure. There is, however, an idealized approach to ocean fertilization5 that appears to pass this triple test.
It mimics natural up- and down-welling processes using push-pull ocean pumps powered by the wind. One pump pulls sunken nutrients back up to fertilize the ocean surface—but then another pump immediately pushes the new plankton production down to the slow-moving depths before it can revert to CO2.
How Big? How Fast?
The atmospheric CO2 is currently above 390 parts per million and the excess CO2 growth has been exponential. Excess CO2 is that above 280 ppm in the air, the pre-industrial (1750) value and also the old maximum concentration for the last several million years of ice age fluctuations between 200 and 280 ppm.
Is a 350 ppm reduction target12, allowing a 70 ppm anthropogenic excess, low enough? We hit 350 ppm in 1988, well after the sudden circulation shift18 in 1976, the decade-long failure of Greenland Sea flushing24 that began in 1978, and the sustained doubling (compared to the 1950-1981 average) of world drought acreage6 that suddenly began in 1982.
Clearly, 350 ppm is not low enough to avoid sudden climate jumps4, so for simplicity I have used 280 ppm as my target: essentially, cleaning up all excess CO2.
But how quickly must we do it? That depends not on 2 C overheating estimates but on an evaluation of the danger zone2 we are already in.
The Danger Zone
Global average temperature has not been observed to suddenly jump, even in the European heat waves of 2003 and 2010. However, other global aspects of climate have shifted suddenly and maintained the change for many years.
The traditional concern, failure of the northern-most loop of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC), has been sidelined by model results20-22 that show no sudden shutdowns (though they do show a 30% weakening by 2100).
While the standard cautions about negative results apply, there is a more important reason to discount this negative result: there have already been decade-long partial shutdowns not seen in the models.
Not only did the largest sinking site shut down in 1978 for a decade24, but so did the second-largest site23,28 in 1997. Were both the Greenland Sea and the Labrador Sea flushing to fail together2, we could be in for a major rearrangement of winds and moisture delivery as the surface of the Atlantic Ocean cooled above 55 N. From these sudden failures and the aforementioned leaps in drought, one must conclude that big trouble could arrive in the course of only 1-2 years, with no warning.
So the climate is already unstable. (“Stabilizing” emissions4 is not to be confused with climate stability; it still leaves us overheated and in the danger zone for climate jumps. Nor does “stabilized” imply safe.)
While quicker would be better, I will take twenty years as the target for completing the excess CO2 cleanup in order to estimate the drawdown rate needed.
|
<urn:uuid:4b0b06a3-4d47-4136-968d-44f89f46dacb>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-26
|
http://geo-engineering.blogspot.com/2013/03/using-the-oceans-to-remove-co2-from-the-atmosphere.html
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-26/segments/1498128320206.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20170623235306-20170624015306-00044.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.943741 | 1,146 | 3.578125 | 4 |
Known for its strength and stability, plywood is manufactured from thin sheets of veneer wood and a binding element. This layering process is what gives plywood its exceptional strength. Typically manufactured in a 4’ X 8’ sheet, plywood can come in a variety of widths from 1/4 inch to 1/2 inch to 3/4 inch. Because of its relative stability and resistance to movement from temperature and humidity changes, plywood is often chosen for a variety of applications, including sub-flooring, boats, furniture, sheds, and even billboards.
One of the most widely used woods, exterior plywood can be used outdoors for a variety of purposes including boating, fences, boxes, and even skateboard ramps. Because exterior plywood’s strength is not affected by extreme temperatures, it can be used for special applications and situations.
While an exterior plywood uses a water-resistant glue to bind the veneer sheets, those using it should carefully consider the grade of the front and back of the sheet of plywood to determine if it is strong enough for the desired application and climate conditions. Birch, one of the most popular hardwood plywoods, is known for exceptional strength, stiffness, and optimal damage and wear-resistance. Other popular exterior plywoods include pine, spruce, mahogany, oak and maple.
Interior plywood is bound together with a highly resistant glue that will withstand some moisture, bacteria, and mold, but it is not designed for outdoor usage. Those using interior plywood for an aesthetic project should also carefully consider the grade of the side(s) which will be seen. Typically used for interior uses such as wall paneling, cabinetry, or even in some furniture, interior plywood is designed for use in low-moisture conditions.
Because of a recent tariff in import plywood, many manufacturers saw a 7-10% price increase. However, with a recent ruling (Nov 2013) by the ITC (International Trade Commission), this tariff has now been absolved. Yet during the months of this increase, many contractors switched to domestic plywood to avoid the tariff, and many have found that the quality difference is noticeable; such contractors may plan to continue using domestic plywood and simply pass the cost increase on to their customers or absorb it.
However, import plywood still has its benefits when it is a quality, higher-end plywood. Many B grade or “shop” grade panels will still be used, and because of the demise of the tariff, prices may return to normal over time. At J. Gibson McIlvain Company, a premium birch plywood has been a top import choice for years. Currently, prices on the domestic plywood and import plywood are remaining constant, but with the tariff gone, only time will tell if prices will decrease.
Offering a full line of hardwood plywood choices in varying species such as Cherry, African Mahogany, Natural Birch, Natural Maple, Red Oak, Sapele, White Birch, White Maple, Walnut, and White Oak, J. Gibson McIlvain Company offers a variety of interchangeable elements such as Plain Sliced, Sequence Matched & Numbered, Rotary Cut, or Quarter Sawn. The flexibility of options allow the solutions that many customers need for special projects requiring hardwood plywood, whether exterior or interior.
With over 200 years of experience in the lumber industry, J. Gibson McIlvain Company strives to provide nothing but the best quality wood products suited to their customers’ applications and expectations.
|
<urn:uuid:e3b11e09-4cc3-4e6c-b34d-a78269298ab1>
|
CC-MAIN-2020-16
|
https://www.walnutoutlet.net/plywood-stable-strong-option-for-interior-exterior-applications/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-16/segments/1585371660550.75/warc/CC-MAIN-20200406200320-20200406230820-00262.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.938873 | 741 | 2.703125 | 3 |
Separation Anxiety in the Extreme
How to know if your child's behavior is too extreme and a list of books that can ease separation anxiety
If your little one bursts into tears when you leave the room, that's normal. But if she sobs for hours and says, "I know you're not going to come back" or "What if you get hit by a car?" she may have separation anxiety disorder, which strikes about 4 percent of children, according to the Anxiety Disorders Association of America (adaa.org). Other symptoms include panic attacks, nightmares, depression, and refusing to go on playdates, to school, or to sleep in his own bed. The child might experience stomachaches, nausea, even vomiting, and say, "I'm so sick, don't leave."
"It can be extremely exhausting for the parents because it starts to interfere with life in other ways," says child psychologist Sara Abbot. "The kids don't want to get involved in activities outside the home, and the parents don't get any privacy."
In the past, pediatricians might have shrugged off these symptoms as a phase kids will grow out of. But research now suggests that anxiety disorders in childhood, if left untreated, can continue into adolescence and beyond. Early treatment can help prevent future problems. For a child to receive a diagnosis of separation anxiety disorder, the symptoms must persist for at least four weeks. But if your child is extremely anxious, tell your pediatrician sooner if you're concerned. He may refer your child for cognitive-behavioral therapy, which teaches children the skills to face their fears and calm themselves. The goals are to reinforce the notion that the world is safe, give themsome sense of control, and improve self-esteem, says Abbot. Treatment is often concentrated within a short period (weeks or months as opposed to years), and play therapy is often used with the youngest kids.
A few great books to ease the pain of goodbyes:
|
<urn:uuid:582893c4-282b-4386-8126-3a818aba002b>
|
CC-MAIN-2013-48
|
http://www.parenting.com/article/separation-anxiety-in-the-extreme
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-48/segments/1386163044331/warc/CC-MAIN-20131204131724-00031-ip-10-33-133-15.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.964996 | 402 | 2.71875 | 3 |
Do you want to use your voice to help farm animals?
Tell your MP that we MUST update Canada's animal transportation regulations:
Send a letter now
In Canada each year, approximately 700 million farm animals are transported from farm to auction or slaughter. Approximately 1.6 million of these animals, mostly chickens, are found dead on arrival. Many more arrive sick or injured following their long, grueling journeys and need to be euthanized.
It wasn’t always this way. Farm animals used to be bred, born and slaughtered close to the farms on which they were raised. But, in recent years, the food processing industry has become more centralized, fueled by public demand for cheaper food, resulting in longer trips to slaughter.
The costs of making improvements to transport conditions for farm animals must be partly shouldered by the consumers of the food. If Canadians want food that is produced humanely, then they must be willing to shift more of their household expenditures towards their grocery bill to help cover the cost of farmers and transporters providing better welfare for their animals.
Why improve transport?
Transportation is the most alien and stressful experience that a farm animal will go through in its lifetime. The longer and harder this experience is, the more risk there is of stress-induced illness, injury and death. These animals deserve more dignity and care – just because they are headed to slaughter does not mean we should allow them to suffer while they are still alive. All animals must be given the utmost protection, regardless of their circumstances.
In March 2016, Humane Canada™ (also known as the Canadian Federation of Humane Societies) and our member BC SPCA teamed up to publish a report outlining our key recommendations on improving the current animal transportation regulations. Read the report here.
In December 2016, the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) released Canada's new draft transport regulations. After more than 10 years of pushing for an overhaul of our inadequate and irresponsible regulations, Humane Canada™ is deeply disappointed to report that the proposed changes don't go nearly far enough.
Our current transportation regulations
Canada’s current animal transport regulations are decades old and inadequate by modern standards. They allow cattle and sheep to be transported for up to 52 hours continuously with no food, water or rest. Pigs, horses and birds can be transported for up to 36 hours. And there is no requirement for animal transporters to have any training on how to handle animals humanely or to drive safely with them on board.
In comparison, in the European Union, most species are not permitted to be transported for longer than 8 hours, unless transporters meet several conditions that preserve animal welfare on longer trips. Regulations that set out maximum loading densities to prevent overcrowding are strictly enforced.
Ramping up enforcement
Regulations are only as strong as their enforcement. In addition to stronger regulations, we also need effective and consistent enforcement to ensure that farm animals are receiving the best possible protection throughout the transport process. Otherwise, we are entrusting industries with self-regulation.
If you believe that Canada's farm animals deserve better protections, please contact CFIA and the Minister of Agriculture today to tell them to immediately and adequately update Canada's animal transportation regulations.
Dr. Cornelius F. Kiley
National Manager, Animal Welfare
Biosecurity and Assurance Programs Section
Canadian Food Inspection Agency
59 Camelot Drive, 3rd Floor East, Room 231
Telephone: (613) 773-7053
Fax: (613) 773-7567
Minister of Agriculture
Hon. Lawrence MacAulay (Cardigan)
House of Commons
Telephone: (613) 995-9325
Fax: (613) 995-2754
Emails: [email protected], [email protected]
Note that domestic mail may be sent postage-free to any Member of Parliament.
|
<urn:uuid:4a35ba7c-3f12-4ac4-a339-9286e2ebd10b>
|
CC-MAIN-2020-05
|
https://www.humanecanada.ca/animal_transportation_regulations
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-05/segments/1579250592636.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20200118135205-20200118163205-00361.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.939008 | 813 | 2.703125 | 3 |
Safeguarding against wolves
It disappeared for over 150 years. And now it is back: The wolf! Nature conservationists are thrilled that wolves have once again become part of our natural ecosystem. But many people are fearful of these wild predators. The image of the "bad wolf" is embedded deep into people's consciousness due to the numerous fairy tales and sayings. To put an end to these fears a little explanation is needed. Many hunters, farmers and hobby and commercial livestock keepers are concerned. They consider themselves and their animals to be hugely at risk from the increasing spread of wolves. These fears are not entirely unfounded. Sheep and other cloven-hoofed animals make easy prey for wolves. It is, however, possible for people and wolves to live side by side again with minimal conflict!
Problems with wolves
Problems with wolves arise mostly in connection with hunting and livestock keeping. Other conflicts can occur with diseased wolves, hybrids or wolves that are being fed by humans.
Hunters see the wolf as a direct competitor
As wolves feed mostly on hoofed game, hunters see their hunting returns as endangered. These fears have so far not proven to be the case. Despite increasing appearances of wolves, no reductions in hunting bags have been detected. This may change in the future however. The increased presence of wolves means that the hoofed game will adjust its social structure and time and spatial behaviour in response to their existence. As a consequence, hunters will also need to adopt new hunting strategies. If, and to what extent, hunting stocks will reduce over the coming years remains to be seen.
It's not just hunters who are concerned about their animals.
Keepers of livestock like sheep, goats and fenced game fear that their animals could fall victim to wolf attacks.
Even though these cloven-hoofed animals play only a secondary role in a wolf's diet, there are repeated incidents of individual animals being killed. The reason for this is that wolves prefer to hunt animals that are easier to catch. Sheep and goats are particularly easy prey for wolves due to their smaller size and inability to defend themselves or run away.
The following measures will ensure you provide good protection for your animals:
- Install electric fences
- Keep the animals indoors at night
- Use a livestock guardian dog
These measure are recommended in all areas where wolves are present and will help minimise any damage.
Attacks on people are frequently feared, but are in fact extremely unlikely!
Humans are not considered as prey to wolves. They can sniff out the tracks made my humans from quite a distance and will avoid these areas. Conflicts occur mostly with diseased wolves, hybrids or wolves that are being fed by humans.
Rabid animals often react unpredictably and can be dangerous to people. As this disease has practically disappeared from central and western Europe, the risk of encountering a rabid wolf is very low. Intensive monitoring of wolves and rabies controls keeps the situation in hand!
In exceptional circumstances it can happen that a wolf and domestic dog mate. The resultant hybrids should under no circumstances be kept as pets. Due to the wild wolf genes, these mixed breeds cannot be raised like normal domestic dogs and can act quite aggressively towards their owners. For reasons of species conservation, mating between dogs and wolves should be avoided completely!
Problems can emerge when wolves are no longer afraid of humans. In these cases, it is most often the human who is at fault! By leaving rubbish lying around, keeping livestock near to settlements without protection or even knowingly feeding wolves, the animals will lose their natural aversion to humans. They quickly learn to appreciate the benefits afforded by being close to humans. In some cases they can turn into so-called problem wolves. These can be a danger to humans due to their lack of fear and constant need for food. For these reasons it is essential to ensure that food is not made available to wolves in areas where they are present.
Approaches to this problem
Farmers in Italy and Spain who are experienced in dealing with wolves show us how it is possible to keep livestock in areas where wolves are present. Using various protective measures you can make it almost impossible for a wolf to get near your animals. These measures can of course also be taken in Germany and thus reduce the risk of wolf attacks to a minimum.
It is important to make a wolf's access to sheep, goats and fenced game more difficult.
Animals protected with an electric fence that are kept stabled indoors at night, and possibly also watched over by a herd guardian dog, are not easy prey to wolves and will seem unattractive.
Herd guardian dogs
A very old, yet effective protective measure is the use guardian dogs. Guardian dogs are tasked with protecting your herd from attacks. So that the dogs feel closely connected with the sheep, they are introduced to them as pups. The guardian dogs grow up alongside the sheep and see them as their siblings. Many years of training are required to ensure that the guardian dog can provide optimal protection for the sheep. It takes at least 1.5 to 2 years of training before a shepherd can leave the guardian dog to watch over his sheep. Optimal protection requires two dogs per herd. If the herd is particularly large or the paddock very spacious, then additional guardian dogs may be required. The use of guardian dogs is indeed rather time and cost intensive, but offers very good protection for your sheep. Particularly well-trained dogs can defend their herds not just against wolves, but also against wild boar, other dogs and humans. For the best protection, a combination of guardian dogs and electric fences is recommended in Europe!
Special dog breeders from Switzerland and France have already been establish in some areas of Brandenburg.
Stabling at night
If no suitable fence for protecting the livestock is available, the animals should be kept in a secure stable during the night. Since wolves mostly go out in search of prey during the night, the livestock must be housed in a secure stable during the night-time hours. Long-term protection, however, can only be provided by installing an electric fence.
Enclosure protection for fenced game
Non-electric hingepoint fencing is often used for fenced game. (Hingepoint fencing, item no. 28001) To ensure that the hingepoint fencing also effectively keeps wolves away, it must be at least 1.2 m tall and have secure anti-burrowing protection. It is recommended to embed the non-electric fence at least 30 cm deep into the ground. Alternatively, a strip of woven wire that is at least 1 m wide can be laid out in front of the fence. This should be securely connected to the existing fence and fixed solidly to the ground using pegs (galvanised tension wire, item no. 44689, C-profile pegs). It is easier to create anti-burrowing protection using an electric wire set 20 cm above the ground. More detailed information for setting up an electric fence specially for wolves can be found under the heading Wolf fence.
Electric fence for defending against wolves
Electric fences are an especially effective, simple and inexpensive way of protecting sheep, goats and other livestock from wolf attacks. When they touch the electric fence, the wolves receive an electric shock. This shock is not dangerous, but is still very unpleasant, and means that the predators will keep their distance from the fenced area in future. Experts are all agreed: Fencing in animals using an electric fence provides the best protection from wolves!
There are a few things to bear in mind when selecting components to put together an electric fence with an optimal deterrent effect. Here at Electric-Fence we have long been dealing with the topic of wolf protection and have given you tips and important notes about setting up an electric wolf fence under the heading Wolf fence.
|
<urn:uuid:b61f72a2-fef1-450c-a49b-17ebe0b662f4>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-34
|
https://www.electric-fence.co.uk/info/guide/wolf-denfence
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-34/segments/1502886104172.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20170817225858-20170818005858-00120.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.959379 | 1,600 | 3.15625 | 3 |
This webinar was presented on June 2, 2015
Forest fire smoke causes some of the worst air quality that most British Columbians will ever experience, and it affects the health of entire populations when episodes occur.
Since the extreme season of 2003 this has been an active area of research in the province. This presentation summarized the published literature to date, provided new information on emerging evidence, and described novel work that is currently underway at the BC Centre for Disease Control.
- To understand historical and future forest fire smoke exposure scenarios in British Columbia
- To describe the population health impacts of forest fire smoke
- To help those with respiratory and cardiovascular conditions prepare for the fire season
Environmental Health Scientist
BC Centre for Disease Control, and
PhD student UBC School of Population and Public Health
Angela Yao completed her master's degree in environmental health at UBC in 2012, with a thesis evaluating the public health utility of a forest fire smoke exposure forecasting system. Since graduation, she has been working at the British Columbia Centre for Disease Control on multiple studies assessing forest fire smoke exposure and its public health effects, as well as the development of a public health surveillance system. She has returned to the School of Population and Public Health at UBC to pursue her PhD since 2014, and continued to study the very acute cardiopulmonary effects from sub-daily exposure to forest fire smoke.
Questions? E [email protected]
|
<urn:uuid:af1d7c40-c1ad-4926-8b81-10934652e9cb>
|
CC-MAIN-2020-10
|
https://bc.lung.ca/protect-your-lungs/air-quality-lung-health/webinars/forest-fire-smoke-and-respiratory-health
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-10/segments/1581875144111.17/warc/CC-MAIN-20200219092153-20200219122153-00143.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.946005 | 291 | 3.046875 | 3 |
The National Center for Manufacturing Sciences led the development of a roadmap for the additive manufacturing (AM) industry in 1998. The effort was supported by many industrial, government, and academic organizations in the U.S. and it led to a report titled The Road to Manufacturing. It served as a useful guide, although I believe it was the work leading up to the document that was of most value. As Dwight Eisenhower once said, and I will paraphrase: Plans are useless, but planning is indispensable.
Little organization on the national level has occurred over the past 10 years in the U.S. This has been a little puzzling to some, especially when considering the vast economic and strategic benefits of AM technology. To some degree, the AM industry—particularly in the U.S.—has struggled with focus and direction. This, however, is beginning to change. One cause is the recent launch of the ASTM International Committee F42 on Additive Manufacturing, an effort concentrating on the development of industry standards. (See this blog commentary.) Another is an event titled Roadmap for Additive Manufacturing (RAM) Workshop, held in March 2009 in Washington, DC.
Sixty-five experts from academia, industry, and government attended the RAM Workshop. Its purpose: to develop a roadmap for research in additive manufacturing for the next 10-12 years. The effort was led by David Bourell of the University of Texas at Austin, Ming Leu of Missouri University of Science and Technology, and David Rosen of Georgia Institute of Technology. These three individuals, and those at the workshop, worked together to create a new roadmap. Sponsors were the National Science Foundation and the Office of Naval Research.
The workshop, and the work that followed, resulted in 26 research recommendations. Among them: 1) produce a new foundation for CAD systems to overcome modeling limitations associated with building AM parts, 2) create closed-loop and adaptive control systems with feed-forward and feedback capabilities for AM machines, 3) develop and identify sustainable (green) materials that are recyclable, reusable, and biodegradable, 4) develop training programs with certifications for industry practitioners, 5) develop and adopt internationally recognized standards, such as those initiated by ASTM Committee F42, and 6) establish a national test bed center with AM machines and expert users to leverage equipment and human resources in future research.
The complete 2009 roadmap document is available here.
|
<urn:uuid:a254ec7c-1c13-4a97-97f2-17608c9b4022>
|
CC-MAIN-2013-48
|
http://wohlersassociates.com/blog/2009/07/additive-manufacturing-roadmap/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-48/segments/1386163828351/warc/CC-MAIN-20131204133028-00040-ip-10-33-133-15.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.95143 | 489 | 2.59375 | 3 |
With the development of the modern technologies, such phenomenon as cyber bullying has appeared. People avoid face-to-face conversation and prefer interaction over digital devices where they can freely share their opinions, which sometimes are quite negative. In Cyber Bullying essays you have to outline this criminal behavior clearly and what impact does it have on people today. Like other academic papers, essays on Cyber Bullying should be well-structured, have an introduction and conclusion and be informative as this topic provides you with significant scope for investigation. However, you can get all the necessary info from digital samples, which you can find online.
|
<urn:uuid:5df0cbef-f3f2-43ea-b2b5-f91f1a259042>
|
CC-MAIN-2020-16
|
https://gradesfixer.com/free-essay-examples/cyber-bullying/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-16/segments/1585370510287.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20200403030659-20200403060659-00068.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.963162 | 122 | 2.671875 | 3 |
Bullying Takes Toll on High School Test ScoresLast Updated: August 08, 2011.
MONDAY, Aug. 8 (HealthDay News) -- Students attending high schools dominated by bullies are more likely to have lower standardized test scores, a new study shows.
In fact, researchers in Virginia found that schoolwide passing rates on three different standardized exams (Algebra I, Earth Science and World History) were 3 percent to 6 percent lower in schools where students reported a more severe bullying climate. The findings, they added, highlight the fact that bullying is a pervasive problem in schools.
"Our study suggests that a bullying climate may play an important role in student test performance," Dewey Cornell, a clinical psychologist and a professor of education at the University of Virginia, said in a news release. "This research underscores the importance of treating bullying as a schoolwide problem rather than just an individual problem."
In conducting the study, researchers compiled surveys about bullying from more than 7,300 ninth graders and about 3,000 teachers at 284 Virginia high schools. The researchers pointed out that even a 3 percent to 6 percent drop in test scores associated with bullying is significant.
Under the federal No Child Left Behind Act, students must receive a passing grade on these standardized tests to graduate. Moreover, in the state of Virginia at least 70 percent of a school's students must pass the tests for the school to keep its state accreditation.
"This difference is substantial because it affects the school's ability to meet federal requirements and the educational success of many students who don't pass the exams," said Cornell. "This study supports the case for school-wide bullying prevention programs as a step to improve school climate and facilitate academic achievement."
The researchers argued the poor academic performance was due to the fact that students are less engaged in learning when they are afraid about bullying. They also suggested bullying leads to a greater level of school disorder, which may have negatively affected test scores.
The study authors noted bullying programs should not only provide help for victims, but also counseling and discipline for bullies. Bystanders, they added, should also be discouraged from supporting bullying.
"We have always had bullying in our schools. What has changed is we have become more aware of bullying due to a series of high-profile tragic cases involving school shootings and suicides," concluded Cornell. "Our society does not permit harassment and abuse of adults in the workplace, and the same protections should be afforded to children in school."
The study was to be presented on Sunday at the American Psychological Association annual meeting in Washington, D.C.
The American Academy of Pediatrics provides more information on bullying.
SOURCE: American Psychological Association, news release, Aug. 7, 2011
|
<urn:uuid:8dddf033-e593-48cd-823a-d1c110a3b2f4>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-34
|
http://enseignementefficace.blogspot.com/2011/08/les-effets-negatifs-de-lintimidation.html
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-34/segments/1502886109525.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20170821191703-20170821211703-00320.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.969314 | 552 | 2.75 | 3 |
In early 2009, President Bush established three marine national monuments around a number of US territorial islands and wildlife refuges in the Central Pacific Ocean. These isolated places harbor hundreds of marine species and contain some of the most pristine coral reefs on earth. A 121-foot fishing boat sank on Palmyra Atoll in 1991, and an 85-foot fishing vessel ran aground and sank on Kingman Reef in 2007, both of which are located within one of these monuments. The two shipwrecks are leaching iron into the water, which in turn stimulates the growth of a nuisance anemone-like organism that overgrows and kills corals. At least 740 acres of coral habitat have been destroyed so far and the devastation continues at a rapid pace.
The Department of the Interior’s US Fish and Wildlife Service, the manager of the national monument, has failed to remove these wrecks despite the extensive damage they are causing.
Scientists say failure to remove these fishing vessels threatens the health of the reefs, and consequently the organisms that depend on them for protection, reproduction, and feeding.Please urge Department of the Interior Secretary Salazar to remove the two shipwrecks immediately.
Sign our petition today to encourage removal by the Department of the Interior!
|
<urn:uuid:bd3155c4-ee76-43be-9c75-79347e50f2ce>
|
CC-MAIN-2017-26
|
https://marine-conservation.org/take-action/action-alert-shipwreck-removal/
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-26/segments/1498128320003.94/warc/CC-MAIN-20170623045423-20170623065423-00078.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.925417 | 257 | 2.890625 | 3 |
MANTLE , along flowing cloak without sleeves, worn by either sex . Particularly applied to the long robe worn over the
See also:armour by the men-at-arms of the
See also:middle ages, the name is still given to the robes of state of
See also:kings, peers, and the members of an
See also:order of knights . Thus the " electoral mantle " was a robe of
See also:office worn by the imperial electors, and the Teutonic knights were known as the orde alborum mantellorum from their
See also:white mantles . As an article of
See also:dress a mantle now means a loose cloak or cape, of any length, and made of
See also:velvet, or other
See also:rich material . The word is derived from the Latin mantellum or mantelum, a cloak, and is probably the same as, or another
See also:form of, mantelium or mantele, a table-napkin or table-
See also:cloth, from
See also:hand, and tela, a cloth . A
See also:late Latin mantum, from which several
See also:languages have taken words (cf . Ital. manta, and Fr. mante), must, as the . New
See also:Dictionary points out, be a " back-formation," and this will explain the diminutive form of the
See also:Spanish mantilla . From the old French mantel came the English compounds ' " mantel-piece," " mantel-shelf," for the
See also:stone or
See also:beam which serves as a support for the structure above a
See also:fire-place, together with the whole framework, whether of wood, stone, &c., that acts as an
See also:ornament of 'the same (see
See also:CHIMNEYPIECE) . The
See also:modern French form manteau is used in English chiefly as a dressmaker's
See also:term for a woman's mantle . "
See also:Mantua," much used in the 18th century for a similar garment, is probably a corruption of manteau, due to silk or other materials coming from the
See also:town of that name, and known by the
See also:trade name of " mantuas." The Spanish mantilla is a covering for the
See also:head and shoulders of white or black
See also:lace or other material, the characteristic head-dress of women in•
See also:southern and central Spain . It is occasionally seen in the other parts of Spain and Spanish countries, and also in
See also:Portugal .
"Mantle " is used in many transferred senses, all with the meaning of " covering," as inzoology, for an enclosing
See also:sac or integument; thus it is applied to the
See also:tunic " or layer of connective-tissue forming the
See also:wall of ascidians enclosing muscle-
See also:blood-sinuses and nerves (see
See also:TUNICATA) . The term is also used for a meshed cap of refractory oxides 'employed in systems of incandescent
See also:lighting (see LIGHTING) . The verb is used for the creaming or frothing of liquids and of the suffusing of the skin with blood . In
See also:heraldry " mantling," also known as "
See also:panache," " lambrequin " or " contoise, is an ornamental appendage to an
See also:escutcheon, of flowing drapery, forming a background (see HERALDRY) .
THOMAS MANTON (162o-1677)
There are no comments yet for this article.
Do not copy, download, transfer, or otherwise replicate the site content in whole or in part.
Links to articles and home page are encouraged.
|
<urn:uuid:297e8361-618e-4621-adbc-9bfc56307e0f>
|
CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
http://encyclopedia.jrank.org/MAL_MAR/MANTLE.html
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368698354227/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516095914-00046-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
en
| 0.892001 | 859 | 3.046875 | 3 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.