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Osmo Kontula Osmo Johannes Kontula (born 27 June 1951) is a Finnish sociologist and sexologist currently employed as a research professor at the Population Research Institute of the Family Federation of Finland (Väestöliitto). He is also honorary associate professor at the Faculty of Health Science, University of Sydney, Australia. Kontula is specialised in sex research and sexual science and has authored some 300 publications, of which more than 50 are books authored or edited by him. His research topics have included national and international trends in sexual values and patterns and sexual life styles, sexual relationships, sexual initiation, teenage sexual health, and sex education. References External links Website of Osmo Kontula Category:Finnish sexologists Category:Finnish sociologists Category:Living people Category:1951 births	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Marcos Marin Marcos Marin (September 12, 1967 ) is a Brazilian painter-sculptor artist installed in Monaco, expert in optical art. His portraits, whether they are paintings or sculptures, are easy to recognize at first glance. Born and raised in São Paulo, Marin initially pursued a career as a pianist. Marin came to France to study music in Angers. Marin came into contact with Victor Vasarely while working as an assistant to a printmaker in Montmartre, He met gallerist Delphine Pastor at Art Basel in 2004. He exhibited a portrait of Grace Kelly at her gallery that was acquired by the New National Museum of Monaco. In 2007, under the patronage of Pierre Cardin, he took up a residency at Château de Lacoste. His first project was a series of portraits of classical musicians for Pierre Cardin's Festival de Lacoste. Exhibitions 2018 Amber Lounge Auction Monaco SOLO exhibition - Caré Doré Gallery Monaco Unveiling of “Princess Grace” Bronze monumental sculpture at Galaxy Museum Macao Sculpture design show at DEDON Monaco AMFAR auction São Paulo Brazil “Bal-in Art” Football Art - Zaryadye Park Moscow Russia 2013 Prince Albert II Foundation Exhibition Singapore Art Dubai - Proarte Gallery Dubai Emirates Solo exhibition at Cannes Airport France Continental Art Fair Cap ferrat France Art Monaco Art Fair Arteamericas Miami beach Florida USA Art'bre Monumental Cap-Martin France Like Art Festival Monumental Plateau de Chasse Cannes France Solo Monumental Exhibition at Borgo San Felice Toscany Italy 100 anniversary of Carlton Hotel Cannes Film festival Exhibition Cannes France 2012 Solo Exhibition at Villa Saint George Cannes France Art'bre Monumental Cap-Martin France Arteamericas art Fair Miami Beach Florida USA Art Monaco Art Fair Honnor Invited Monte Carlo Monaco "Dance and Op Art" Ramon Reis and Marcos Marin at Teatre des Varietés de Monaco "Op'Art Experience" Solo exhibition at Corinthia Art Space Lisbon Portugal "Le Cirque autour du Monde" Maison de l'Amerique Latine Monaco 2011 Unveiling of "Jean Cocteau" public monument in Villefranche-sur-mer France "Franchement Art" Monumental sculpture show Villfranche-sur-mer France "Art for a better world" Miami Beach Florida USA Solo Exhibition Galerie Caplan Matignon Paris France Solo Exhibition Visionnaire Gallery Milan Italy Arteamericas Art Fair Miami Beach Florida USA 2010 Group Show at Rodyner Gallery Cascais Portugal Unveiling of “Grace Kely” Portrait at Saatch Gallery London England Nicholas Lugero Collection at Caplan Matignon Gallery Paris France Group Show at GZ Art Contamporain Gallery Paris France Solo Exhibition “ Miami Celebrities” Art Work Partners Gallery Miami USA Arteamericas Art fair Miami Beach Florida USA Art Monaco Art Fair Monte Carlo Monaco Group Show at Ninoska Huerta Gallery Coral Gables Florida USA Art Room Adriana Reis Solo Exhibition São Paulo Brasil Group Show at RDBR Gallery Rome Italy Espace Pierre Cardin Lacoste France Solo Exhibition at Patrice Breteau Gallery Palm Beach Florida USA Solo Exhibition at Fundaçao Sousa Pedro Lisbon Portugal 2009 Solo Exhibition at RDBR Gallery Rome Italy Solo Exhibition at Espace Piere Cardin Paris France Solo Exhibition at GZ Art Contemporain Gallery Paris France Arteamericas Art Fair Miami Florida USA Unveiling of “Prince Albert II” Monument at Hercules Port Monaco Group Show Ninoska Huerta Gallery Coral Gables Florida USA White Summer Experince Solo Exhibition at Farol Design Hotel Cascais Portugal Festival de Lacoste Group Show Lacoste France Art Curial Auction for Fight AIDS Monaco 2008 Solo Exhibition at Espaço arte Livre Lisbon Portugal Solo Exhibition at Chalet Manouk Megeve France Ctemporary Art Dubai World Trade Center Emirates Solo Exhibition at Espace Piere Cardin Paris France Monumental Sculptures Solo Outside show 2007 Grace Kely Exhibition Mitsukoshi Tokyo Japan Monaco Art Museum Collection at Palazzo Ruspoli Rome Italy Circa art Fair San Juan de Puerto Rico Espace Pierre Cardin Lacoste France Art Curial Auction for Fight AIDS Monaco Solo Exhibition at Espaço Fernando Macedo São Paulo Brazil 2006 Casa Decor Miami Beach “Panorama” Ninoska Huerta Gallery Miami Florida USA Art Miami Florida USA Palm Beach Sculpture Bienalle Wellington Florida USA Auction Fischer Island Miami Beach Florida USA Solo Exhibition “Fashion Week” Miami Beach Florida USA 2005 Art Americas Art Fair Cococnut Grove Miami Florida USA Solo Exhibition at Pastor Gismondi Gallery Monte Carlo Monaco Fashion Art Ball Auction Miami Florida USA Bass Museum Group Show Miami Beach Florida USA Moola Latin American Museum Group Show Los Angeles California USA 2004 30th International contemporary Art Show Luxembourg LU 53rd Best of Florida at Boca Raton Museum of Art Florida USA Solo Exhibition at Art Plus Gallery Merrick Park Coral Gables Florida USA 2003 “The Holy and Profane” MUCB National Museum São Paulo Brazil Puls Art Le Mans Art Fair Le Mans France Solo Exhibition ADP Gallery Airport of Paris France Solo Exhibition at Espaço Fernando Macedo São Paulo Brazil Solo Exhibition Cultural center of Campos do Jordao Brazil Expolatina City Hall of São Paulo Brazil “URBIS” Design and Architecture Convention Center of São Paulo Brazil 2002 AD Decor Fair Curitiba Parana Brazil Espace Auteuil Contemporary Show Paris France IV International Cultural Market Salvador Bahia Brazil Contemporary Art Show and Auction City Hall of São Paulo Brazil 2001 Solo Exhibition at Espaço Fernando Macedo São Paulo Brazil “ Figuration Critique” Art Show at Grande Arche de la Defence Paris France Maison Drouot Montagne Auction Paris France Puls Art Le Mans Art Fair Le Mans France 2000 Brazilian Contemporary Art at Quinta das Cruzadas Sintra Portugal 52nd Salon Violet Paris France Espace Auteuil Contemporary Show Paris France “ Figuration Critique” Art Show at Grande Arche de la Defence Paris France 1999 “ Vera Cruz” 50 years of Brazilian cinema at MUBE National Museum of Sculpture São Paulo Brazil 51st Salon Violet Paris France Espace Auteuil Contemporary Show Paris France Art Show City Hall of Gentilly France Internation Art Show at Memorial da America Latina São Paulo Brazil Group Show MAM Museum of modern Art of Salvador Bahia Brazil 1998 GMAC Gendarmenmarket Art Fair Berlin Germany Foire de Paris Espace Football Paris France Solo Exhibition City Hall of Caen France 43rd International art Show of Angers France UNESCO AIAP Paris France 1997 Art Show Mokiti Okada Foundation São Paulo Brazil Group Show Marly Faro Gallery Rio de Janeiro Brazil BAW Brazilian art In Washington DC USA Artelatina Buenos Aires Argentina Vouvrai art Show Loire France References External links Official website Instagram Interview Marcos Marin A arte de Marcos Marin em Mônaco Marcos Marin's Exhibition in Cannes Category:1967 births Category:Brazilian contemporary artists Category:Brazilian people of Spanish descent Category:American people of Lebanese descent Category:Artists from New York (state) Category:Postmodern artists Category:Experiments in Art and Technology collaborating artists Category:Living people	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Daiquiri Daiquiri (; ) is a family of cocktails whose main ingredients are rum, citrus juice (typically lime juice), and sugar or other sweetener. The daiquiri is one of the six basic drinks listed in David A. Embury's classic The Fine Art of Mixing Drinks, which also lists some variations. Origins Daiquirí is also the name of a beach and an iron mine near Santiago de Cuba, and is a word of Taíno origin. The drink was supposedly invented by an American mining engineer, named Jennings Cox, who was in Cuba at the time of the Spanish–American War. It is also possible that William A. Chanler, a US congressman who purchased the Santiago iron mines in 1902, introduced the daiquiri to clubs in New York in that year. Originally the drink was served in a tall glass packed with cracked ice. A teaspoon of sugar was poured over the ice and the juice of one or two limes was squeezed over the sugar. Two or three ounces of white rum completed the mixture. The glass was then frosted by stirring with a long-handled spoon. Later the daiquiri evolved to be mixed in a shaker with the same ingredients but with shaved ice. After a thorough shaking, it was poured into a chilled coupe glass. Consumption of the drink remained localized until 1909, when Rear Admiral Lucius W. Johnson, a U.S. Navy medical officer, tried Cox's drink. Johnson subsequently introduced it to the Army and Navy Club in Washington, D.C., and drinkers of the daiquiri increased over the space of a few decades. It was one of the favorite drinks of writer Ernest Hemingway and President John F. Kennedy. The drink became popular in the 1940s. World War II rationing made whiskey and vodka hard to come by, yet rum was easily obtainable due to U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt's Good Neighbor policy, which opened up trade and travel relations with Latin America, Cuba and the Caribbean. The Good Neighbor policy, also known as the Pan-American program, helped make Latin America fashionable. Consequently, rum-based drinks (once frowned upon as being the choice of sailors and down-and-outs), also became fashionable, and the daiquiri saw a tremendous rise in popularity in the US. The basic recipe for a daiquiri is also similar to the grog British sailors drank aboard ship from the 1780s as a means of preventing scurvy. By 1795 the Royal Navy daily grog ration contained rum, water, ¾ ounce of lemon or lime juice, and 2 ounces of sugar. This was a common drink across the Caribbean, and as soon as ice became available this was included instead of the water. Variations Hemingway daiquiri (Hemingway Special)– or – two and a half jiggers of white rum, juice of two limes and half a grapefruit, six drops of maraschino liqueur, without sugar. Banana daiquiri – regular daiquiri with half a banana. Avocado daiquiri – regular daiquiri with half an avocado. Frozen daiquiri A wide variety of alcoholic mixed drinks made with finely pulverized ice are often called frozen daiquirí. These drinks can also be combined and poured from a blender, eliminating the need for manual pulverisation and producing a texture similar to a smoothie. On larger scales, such drinks are often commercially made in larger machines, and come in a wide variety of flavors made with various alcohol or liquors. Another way to create a frozen daiquiri (mostly fruit-flavored variants) is by using frozen limeade, providing the required texture, sweetness and sourness all at once. Variations on the frozen daiquiri include: Old Rose Daiquiri: strawberry syrup and rum along with two teaspoons of sugar and lime juice Mulata Daiquiri: rum mixed with either coffee or chocolate liqueur and with fresh lime juice and sugar syrup See also List of cocktails Caipirinha – similar Brazilian cocktail Ti' Punch – similar French Caribbean cocktail Mojito – other popular and similar rum cocktail, adding lime, mint and soda References Notes Bibliography Daiquiri Story External links Digital Images regarding Jennings Cox including an original daiquirí recipe from the Carmen Puig Collection held by the Cuban Heritage Collection of the University of Miami Libraries A collection of Daiquiri Cocktail Recipes and variations Slush machine made Daiquiri frozen Cocktails Category:Cuban cocktails Category:Cocktails with rum Category:Cuban alcoholic drinks Category:Sour cocktails Category:Mixed drinks Category:Frozen drinks Category:Limes (fruit)	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Neyriz Neyriz (, also Romanized as Neyrīz and Nīrīz) is the capital city of Neyriz County, Fars Province, Iran. At the 2016 census, its population was 113,291, in 31,819 families. The name is also used for the district in which it is situated and for the Bakhtegan Lake. The town was located on its shores, but because of the shrinkage of the salt lake it is now to its southeast. In the nineteenth century some of the Neyriz inhabitants were Bábís, and were persecuted by the government. History Neyriz is mentioned in the Persepolis Administrative Archives of the Achaemenid Empire under the Elamite name Narezzash, which reflects its Old Persian name Narēcha. The city was known for its armorers, which has been connected to the historical evidence of iron mining in the region. However, no direct archaeological evidence of the Achaemenid city has been found. Historical places Attractions Tarm waterfall Tarm is one of the highest waterfalls in the Middle East and is a season waterfall. Friday mosque The Friday mosque of Neyriz was built in at least three phases, spanning Buyid, Seljuk and Il-Khanid rule in the Fars province. An inscription on the great qibla iwan indicates that the mihrab was built in 973, which is probably the date when the qibla iwan and the minaret were constructed and enclosed within the precinct walls. Identified as "iwan-mosque," the pre-Islamic typology of the Masjid-i Jami' in Neyriz, Bamiyan and Nishapur has led some scholars to believe that their mihrabs and minarets may have been appended to Zoroastrian fire temples. At Neyriz, the northwest iwan facing the original sanctuary was erected at a later date, followed by the addition of two rows of lateral arcades along the courtyard and iwan walls. The portal, which bears the date 1472, commemorates the last known period of construction. The mosque has a rectangular layout, measuring about forty-eight by thirty-four metres on the exterior. It is aligned with qibla along the northwest-southeast axis and is centred on an arcaded courtyard that is fifteen metres long and eighteen and a half metres wide. Entered from a simple portal at the northern end of the northwest façade, the courtyard is dominated by the tall sanctuary iwan that occupies its southwest wing. Eleven metres wide and seventeen metres deep, the sanctuary iwan is vaulted at a height double that of the flat-roofed courtyard arcades that continue along its side walls. The archways connecting the iwan to the arcades were pierced when the latter were constructed. The sanctuary iwan also dominates the exterior appearance of the mosque with its projecting buttresses. Across the courtyard from the sanctuary is the vaulted northeast iwan, which is seven metres square. It is flanked by passageways on either side that connect it with the main portal and the secondary portal, which was added to the eastern corner of the mosque in 1472. It is adjoined by the modern addition of two halls that span the length of the southeast mosque wall; the southern of these halls contains ablution fountains and latrines. There's also an octagonal fountain at the center of the courtyard. A single minaret, with a round tapering shaft terminating at a parapet, rises alongside the main portal. The spiraling steps of the minaret are accessed from the northwest arcade. The mosque is made of baked bricks, covered with clay on the exterior and plastered white on the interior. The courtyard façade of the great iwan is simply ornamented with polychrome tiles composed into geometric patterns. Inside, the decorative effort is focused on the mihrab niche on the qibla wall, which is framed with multiple bands of ornate arabesques and inscriptions carved in relief out of stucco. The original minbar, probably wooden, has since been replaced. Palangan Palangan is a valley located in the south of the city, separated by a mountain. From the city center, Palangan is a 45 to 60 minutes trip. The valley is especially popular in spring and summer and is a wonderful promenade for people who live in this part of the world, especially during the 13 be-dar ceremony. Palangan means "panthers"; in the past, many Iranian tigers lived in the region, but today only a few remain. The spring of the stream that flows through the valley is named Besher and is located two hours from Palangan. Gallery References Sources Category:Populated places in Neyriz County Category:Cities in Fars Province Category:Achaemenid cities	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Tempest (Jesse Cook album) Tempest is the debut album by Jesse Cook. He played guitar, palmas, synthesizer, djembe, and percussion with Mario Melo on congas, percussion, and palmas, Blake Manning on darbuka, timbali, and Andrew Morales on bass guitar. Part of the album's publicity was gained after the tracks "Tempest" and "Breeze from Saintes Maries" were used by an Ontario cable TV operator as background music for their TV program listing channel. The tracks were played in a loop for many months, "growing" on many viewers to the point they called the cable operator to inquire about it. Track listing "Tempest" – 3:02 "Cascada" – 3:10 "Breeze from Saintes Maries" – 5:22 "Baghdad" – 4:21 "Parasol" – 5:36 "Dance of Spring" – 4:26 "Soledad" – 3:05 "Orbit" – 3:09 "Fate (Parasol Reprise)" – 5:07 "Jumpstart" – 3:05 All selections composed by Jesse Cook. References Category:1995 debut albums Category:Jesse Cook albums Category:Narada Productions albums	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Stefano Provenzali Stefano Provenzali was an Italian painter of the Baroque period, active in his native Cento. He was a pupil of Guercino. He is known for his paintings of battles. References Category:People from Ferrara Category:17th-century Italian painters Category:Italian male painters Category:Italian Baroque painters Category:Italian battle painters Category:Year of death unknown Category:Year of birth unknown	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Jovica Rujević Jovica Rujević (born 1 July 1977) is a Serbian male badminton player, and a former South Africa national badminton team. In 1996, he was the semi finalist at the South Africa International tournament in the men's doubles event with Dave Calvert. In 2013, he reach the final round at the Botswana International tournament in the men's doubles event partnered with Andries Malan. The duo became the runner-up after defeated by the Slovenian pair in the rubber game. At the Balkan Badminton Championships, he won the bronze medal in the mixed team event. He and Malan also the semi finalist at the 2016 South Africa International tournament. He also play for the Novi Sad badminton club, and in 2013 he won the men's and mixed doubles title at the Vojvodina Championship, and also became the runner-up in the men's singles event. Achievements BWF International Challenge/Series Men's Doubles BWF International Challenge tournament BWF International Series tournament BWF Future Series tournament References External links Category:1977 births Category:Living people Category:People from Welkom Category:Serbian male badminton players Category:South African people of Serbian descent Category:South African male badminton players	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Horse sheath cleaning Sheath cleaning is a hygienic process occasionally needed by male horses, both geldings and stallions, wherein a caretaker, groom or veterinarian checks the horse's sheath, the pocket of skin that protects the penis of the horse when it is not in use for urination (or, in the case of stallions, breeding). This area may need to be cleaned, starting at a young age after breeding and the birth season, but particularly in geldings. Not only can smegma, a waxy substance that includes dirt and dead skin cells, accumulate, but some geldings (and occasionally, stallions) may also form a "bean", a hardened ball of smegma inside the sheath or even the urethra that, in extreme cases, can interfere with urine flow. Although a gelding retains the same beneficial microorganisms in the sheath as a stallion, they seem to accumulate smegma and other debris at a higher rate, probably because geldings rarely fully extrude the penis, and thus dirt and smegma build up in the folds of skin. Thus, it is recommended that the sheath be cleaned once or twice a year. Cleaning the sheath is a specialized task requiring a mild cleaner with grease-cutting properties, generally designed specifically for the process, along with warm water and many clean (usually disposable) towels. Rubber gloves for the handler are recommended, as the job is rather smelly and messy. Some horses object to sheath cleaning and require sedation, others will tolerate it if the groom is careful and patient, though light sedation may help the horse "drop" for easier cleaning. Ideally, the horse will be desensitized by careful training to tolerate the procedure. To begin, a gentle stream of warm water is run into the sheath from a hose or a large, needleless syringe. This will loosen and soften some of the material and make it easier to remove. The process requires either that the horse "drop" his penis or that the groom reach up inside of the sheath to pull the penis gently from the sheath by the glans (head) in order to apply cleaner and carefully clean the entire region. The "bean" is often found in the urethral diverticulum, a pocket adjacent to the opening of the urethra, so that area must also be checked. While a veterinarian can clean a sheath, it is not a medical procedure and can be done by any person who learns the proper method. References Category:Horse management Category:Mammal penis External Links	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Valognes Valognes is a commune in the Manche department in Normandy in north-western France. It is located southeast of Cherbourg. History The town was built not far from the Gallo-Roman town of Alauna or Alaunia, from where the town derives its name. It was a fortified stronghold under the Norman dukes and French monarchs. Also here, William the Conqueror received the news that the barons of Cotentin and Bessin were conspiring to kill him, enabling him to escape to Falaise. Edward III of England took Valognes without resistance, spent one night there and then pillaged and burnt the city. Henry III of England possessed the town, which remained under English rule for thirty years. (It would be a kind of resort for English aristocratic visitors until the 1920s.) During the French Wars of Religion, (1588) Valognes sided with the Catholic League. The castle, like that of Cherbourg, was completely destroyed under Louis XIV. Of the convent of the Capuchins and Cordeliers and the abbey of Benedictine nuns, which existed in Valognes prior to 1792, only the latter remains, transformed into the hospice of the Rue des Religieuses. The 14th-century church of Notre Dame had a dome (dated 1612), being the only example of a Gothic dome in France. The whole building was destroyed in 1944, during the Battle of Normandy. Before the French Revolution, Valognes was the residence of more than a hundred families of distinguished birth and fortune, and was for a long time afterwards the home, en villégiature, of many of the old noblesse. Thus the town was known as the Versailles of Normandy for its aristocratic mansions and palaces, as well as the quiet, mysterious ambience and exclusivity of its streets. This was the Valognes of Barbey d'Aurevilly. The 1928 Methuen guide book to Normandy by Cyril Scudamore rather more prosaically describes Valognes as "a clean and well-built town, whose fine old houses bear witness to its former prosperity". Little remains of Valognes' famous architectural heritage as many of the aristocratic mansions were reduced to rubble during the battle of Normandy. The lovely hôtel de Beaumont, however, still stands. Heraldry Museums The town has two museums devoted to the two alcoholic drinks for which Normandy is known: one for cider, the other for the apple brandy called calvados. Twin towns Valognes is twinned with Wimborne in Dorset, England Stolberg in Rhineland, Germany Notable people Félix Vicq-d'Azyr born on 23 April 1746 Edelestand du Méril (1801–1870), French medievalist and philologist. See also Communes of the Manche department References External links Valognes ville d'art et d'histoire (official site) History of the Hotel de Beaumont, grand historic house in the town Category:Communes of Manche	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
2019–20 Louisiana Tech Bulldogs basketball team The 2019–20 Louisiana Tech Bulldogs basketball team represent Louisiana Tech University in the 2019–20 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Bulldogs, led by 5th-year head coach Eric Konkol, play their home games at the Thomas Assembly Center in Ruston, Louisiana as members of Conference USA. Previous season The Bulldogs finished the 2018–19 season 20–13 overall, 9–9 in C-USA play to finish in 8th place. In the C-USA tournament, they defeated Florida Atlantic in the first round, before falling to top-seeded Old Dominion in the quarterfinals. Offseason Departures Incoming Transfers Recruiting class of 2019 Roster Schedule and results \|- !colspan=12 style=\| Exhibition \|- !colspan=12 style=\| Non-conference regular season \|- !colspan=12 style=\| Conference USA regular season \|- !colspan=9 style=\| Conference USA Tournament \|- \|- Source References Category:Louisiana Tech Bulldogs basketball seasons Louisiana Tech Bulldogs Louisiana Tech Bulldogs basketball Louisiana Tech Bulldogs basketball	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Ashima Narwal Ashima Narwal is an Indian Australian model and actress. In 2015, she won two titles in two different beauty pageants, Miss Sydney Australia Elegance and Miss India Global. Early life Ashima Narwal was born in Haryana, India into a Hindu Jat family. She finished school at Rohtak, Haryana and then shifted to Australia for higher studies. She has a bachelor's degree in Nursing from the University of Technology Sydney. Filmography Honours 2015 - Miss Sydney Australia Elegance 2015 - Miss India Global References Category:Living people Category:21st-century Australian actresses Category:Female models of Indian descent Category:Australian female models Category:1995 births	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Pheia mathona Pheia mathona is a moth in the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Paul Dognin in 1891. It is found in Ecuador. References Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog Category:Pheia	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Brett Tucker Brett Alan Tucker (born 21 May 1972) is an Australian actor and singer. He was a series regular in The Saddle Club, McLeod's Daughters, and Mistresses. He is also known for his role as Daniel Fitzgerald in Neighbours. He played Seattle Fire Chief Lucas Ripley on ABC's TV series Station 19. Acting career Tucker attended National Theatre, Melbourne. For his role as Dave Brewer on the drama McLeod's Daughters, he apprenticed with a real country veterinarian to research his role. Tucker's onstage credits include The Woman in Black in 2006 and The Great Gatsby playing Jay Gatsby' in 1997. From 1999 – 2000 he played the role of Daniel Fitzgerald in Neighbours, a role which he returned to in late 2007. In June 2009 it was announced that he would be leaving the show to pursue acting opportunities in the United States. In addition to Neighbours, Tucker played Max in The Saddle Club. Tucker also had a minor role in the 2005 film The Great Raid. Since arriving in the US, Tucker has appeared in episodes of CSI: NY, CSI: Crime Scene Investigation, Castle, Rizzoli & Isles and NCIS. He also appeared in Off The Map and the TV film, Criminal Behaviour. He also appeared as Harry Davis in Mistresses. Brett also played Chief Lucas Ripley on Station 19 for 17 episodes, during 2018/2019. Personal life Born one of three sons and one daughter on 21 May 1972 to Ken and Janice Tucker, he grew up in the Yarra Valley of Victoria (Australia) with his three siblings – Nicky, Mark and David. Filmography References External links Category:Australian male film actors Category:Australian male stage actors Category:Australian male soap opera actors Category:Living people Category:Male actors from Melbourne Category:1972 births Category:Australian expatriate male actors in the United States	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Bunessan (hymn tune) Bunessan is a hymn tune originally associated with the Christmas carol "Child in the Manger" and more commonly with "Morning Has Broken". It is named for the village of Bunessan in the Ross of Mull. History Mary M. Macdonald (Màiri Dhòmhnallach in Scottish Gaelic) (1789–1872), who lived in the crofting community of Ardtun near Bunessan and spoke only Gaelic, wrote her hymn "Leanabh an àigh" to a traditional melody. When the words were translated into English in the 1880s, the melody was named after the village of Bunessan by the translator, Lachlan Macbean. A monument to Mary Macdonald can be seen about 1.5 miles east of the village, on the road towards Craignure. The ruins of the house where she lived are also nearby. The English-language Roman Catholic hymnal also uses the tune for the James Quinn hymns, "Christ Be Beside Me" and "This Day God Gives Me," both of which were adapted from the traditional Irish hymn "St. Patrick's Breastplate". Another Christian hymn, "Baptized In Water," borrows the tune. Sometime before 1927 Alexander Fraser heard the melody in the Scottish Highlands and wrote it down so that it came to the attention of Percy Dearmer, Ralph Vaughan Williams, and Martin Shaw. In turn, these editors of the hymn book Songs of Praise requested Eleanor Farjeon to write a further hymn text to the tune. This was "Morning Has Broken", and since 1931 the tune has become most familiarly identified with this hymn. In 1971, a version of "Morning Has Broken" was recorded by British singer Cat Stevens, helping popularize the tune. Music References External links Child in the manger, The Canterbury Dictionary of Hymnology Lachlan Macbean, The Canterbury Dictionary of Hymnology Mary Macdonald, The Canterbury Dictionary of Hymnology Category:Hymn tunes	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Balblair distillery Balblair Distillery is a Scotch whisky distillery located in Edderton, Ross-shire, Scotland. Founded in 1790, the distillery was rebuilt in 1895 by the designer Charles C Doig to be closer to the Edderton Railway Station on the Inverness and Ross-shire Railway line. However, so good was the original water source that the rebuilt distillery chose to ignore a nearby burn in favour of the original Ault Dearg burn. To this day, the Balblair Distillery continues to use this original water source. John Ross, the founder, ran Balblair as a thriving business and in 1824 he was joined by his son, Andrew. The distillery stayed in the Ross family until 1894 when the tenancy was taken over by Alexander Cowan. In 1948 the freehold was bought by Robert Cumming, who promptly expanded the distillery and increased production. Cumming ran the distillery until he retired in 1970 when he sold it to Hiram Walker. In 1996 Balblair Distillery was purchased by Inver House Distillers Limited. Balblair has one of the oldest archives in distilling, with the first ledger entry dated 25 January 1800. John Ross himself penned that first entry, which read: “Sale to David Kirkcaldy at Ardmore, one gallon of whisky at £1.8.0d”. Balblair used to release their whisky by vintage, but in April 2019 they started to release a core range of age statement whiskies. This includes but is not limited to a 12, 15, 18 and 25 year old. The distillery is now owned by Inver House Distillers Limited, whose other distilleries include the Speyburn-Glenlivet Distillery, Knockdhu Distillery, Old Pulteney Distillery and Balmenach Distillery. The distillery now has a visitor centre. Open all year to visitors. Awards International Spirits Competition 2018 Balblair Vintage 1991 - Gold Balblair Vintage 2000 - Gold International Wine & Spirits Competition 2018 Balblair Vintage 2000 - Gold Balblair Vintage 1991 - Silver Outstanding Balblair Vintage 2005 - Silver World Whisky Awards 2018 Balblair Vintage 1999 - Bronze Balblair Vintage 1990 - Bronze International Wine and Spirit Competition 2017 Balblair Vintage 1990 - Gold Balblair Vintage 1999 1st Release - Exclusive to Travel Retail - Gold Balblair 2004 Bourbon Matured - Exclusive to Travel Retail - Silver Outstanding Balblair 2004 Sherry - Exclusive to Travel Retail - Silver Outstanding Balblair Vintage 1999 - Silver Outstanding Balblair Vintage 2005 – Silver San Francisco World Spirits Competition 2017 Balblair Vintage 1999 - Double Gold International Spirits Challenge 2017 Balblair Vintage 2004 Bourbon Matured - Exclusive to Travel Retail – Gold Balblair Vintage 2005 – Silver Balblair Vintage 1999 – Silver Balblair Vintage 1990 – Silver Balblair Vintage 2004 Sherry - Exclusive to Travel Retail – Silver Ultimate Spirits Challenge 2017 Balblair Vintage 1999 - 93 points Balblair Vintage 2005 - 89 points Balblair Vintage 1990 - 89 points IWSC 2016 Balblair Vintage 2005 – Gold Outstanding Balblair Vintage 1990 - Gold Outstanding Balblair Vintage 1999 – Silver Balblair Vintage 1983 – Gold Outstanding Balblair Vintage 2004 Bourbon - Exclusive to Travel Retail – Silver Outstanding Balblair Vintage 2004 Sherry - Exclusive to Travel Retail - Silver Balblair Vintage 1999 - Exclusive to Travel Retail – Silver Outstanding International Spirits Challenge 2016 Balblair Vintage 2005 – Silver Balblair Vintage 1990 – Gold Balblair Vintage 1999 – Silver Balblair Vintage 1983 – Silver Balblair Vintage 2004 Bourbon - Exclusive to Travel Retail – Silver Balblair Vintage 2004 Sherry - Exclusive to Travel Retail - Silver Balblair Vintage 1999 - Exclusive to Travel Retail – Silver Ultimate Spirits Challenge 2016 http://www.ultimate-beverage.com/ultimate-spirits-challenge-USC/2016-spirits-results/?type=&subtype=&product_name=Balblair&country=&award= Balblair Vintage 2005 – 89 points Balblair Vintage 1990 – 98 points (Finalist) Balblair Vintage 1983 – 93 points World Whiskies Awards 2016 Balblair Vintage 1983 – Gold San Francisco World Spirits Competition 2016 Balblair Vintage 2005 – Gold Balblair Vintage 1999 – Silver See also Whisky Scotch whisky List of whisky brands List of distilleries in Scotland References External links Balblair Website Diffords Guide Category:1790 establishments in Scotland Category:Scottish malt whisky	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Pahaliah Pahaliah is a guardian angel invoked to convert non-Christians to Christianity. He is a member of the Order of Thrones and an angel of Virtuosity. He rules theology and morals, granting wisdom, determination and knowledge, and is one of the angels bearing the mystical name of God, Shemhamphorae (Heb. שם המפורש Shem ha-mephorash — "the Ineffable Name", i.e. the Tetragrammaton). References Category:Angels in Christianity Category:Individual angels	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Derek Hess Derek Hess is an American artist based in Cleveland, Ohio. His creative career grew largely out of his ability to express the emotion in the indie, hardcore and metal scenes of the mid-1990s. From concert posters to politically charged fine art pieces, Cleveland-based artist Derek Hess has tested the waters of both the music and art world for over 15 years. Hess began creating promotional flyers for shows in Cleveland using his own unique vision and a playing off the bands names and genre. These flyers soon garnered the attention of countless bands as well as both the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and the Louvre in Paris, who both have Hess’ art in their permanent collections. In addition to posters for bands such as Deftones, Thursday, Clutch and Pearl Jam, Hess has created CD covers for bands like Sepultura, Motion City Soundtrack, Converge and Unearth. He has also been featured on television show and in magazines – TLC, The Food Network, MTV, Fuse, VH1, Alternative Press as well as many others. Chapter 1: Foundation Derek Hess was influenced by his father, a World War II veteran and Industrial Design professor at the Cleveland Institute of Art. Hess stated on his website that he remembers asking his father to draw the war scenes that he experienced. From a young age, Hess was transfixed by his father Roy’s ability to create images of planes and tanks he saw in his mind’s eye on the paper. Alongside his father’s artistic ability, Hess also inherited his desire to make a living from art. Beginning his career as a student at the ClA, Hess later transferred to College for Creative Studies in Detroit to focus on graphic design and illustration before settling in on a major in fine art and printmaking. He finished his degree at CIA in their critically acclaimed printmaking program. Hess says one of his biggest artistic influences is Gil Kane’s “forced perspective” technique that his father introduced him to. Forced Perspective is an art technique that creates an optical illusion making an object appear farther away, closer, larger or smaller than it actually is by making it larger than the rest of the image. This artistic technique was so influential to his style it became the title of his documentary, Forced Perspective (Film) which was released in 2016. Another of Gil Kane's techniques called “window boxing” has also been very influential in Hess’ art. Window boxing is a technique where a figure appears to break out of the frame to make it appear larger than life. This technique can be seen in many of Hess’ early Euclid Tavern concert posters. Chapter 2: Anatomy & Technique Hess' technical understanding of human anatomy and fine art education has set him apart from other artists of his time. Hess had several instructors, including his father who were vets of WWII. These early drawing instructors instilled a tough work ethic in Hess. Learning anatomy as a fundamental of art began falling out of fashion with the invention of the camera. When artists no longer had to draw recreations of realistic life, they were free to explore different types of drawing and expression. Hess had an intuitive ability to draw and understand the human body but says that he needed instruction and direction, “I intuitively knew how to look and I understood to draw, it came naturally, but that was a problem in my early days. I ‘knew better’ than everyone else—and I was an out of control drunk maniac kid. I was a lot of trouble—but I would go to class and I’d look at other kids’ drawings and think ‘Yeah, I got you all beat, I’ll see you in five weeks!’” He says in his documentary. (see: Figure Drawing) Although the ability to draw has always come easy, the process takes practice, “For years and years, I would just flip pages in sketchbooks and draw, draw, draw until something came out. That’s a good way to approach it, I think.” Talking about his artistic process, he explains that is doesn’t always come out the way he wants or expects it to the first time, “Once I let go of the struggle and start sketching, it starts to come out. It’ll never be completely pure, there are always filters that go through you. If you’re tuned in, you can feel if it’s flowing. There’s something that we all tune in to, and we can be connected to it. It’s a choice.” Chapter 3: The Euclid Tavern After returning to Cleveland, Hess got a job at a bar he frequented while living in Cleveland, The Euclid Tavern. Described by Hess as a “workingman’s shot-and-a-beer-bar”, the Euclid Tavern was known as being a hub for local and underground music. Here, Hess chopped chicken wings and took charge of booking bands. He soon began to curtail the kinds of the bands being brought to the tavern into something he liked and was comfortable with. He also started creating the promotional flyers and posters for the shows using his own unique vision and a play off the bands names and genre. These flyers were the very beginning of Derek’s career as an artist. The first time Hess's work was recognized in collaboration with a musician was with the alternative metal band Helmet. The flyers and posters Hess created were the first in a series that were posted all over the area. The posters interested local art dealer William Busta, who then showed the flyers in his gallery. When Hess began using color graphics in his posters he received much more recognition and was featured in Newsweek magazine, in an article on new poster artists of 1994. Chapter 4: Fine Art Because of Hess' success as a poster artist, he had a built in fan base when he wanted to make the jump back into fine art. Hess has been able to cultivate a large and expansive fan-base because of his wide appeal across genres. There are people who love his art because of its ties to music. Meanwhile, there are people who have never heard of the bands he has done work for that appreciate his fine art. Hess’ aptitude to convey his work through this showcase of fundamentals has helped elevate him from a poster artist to a skilled fine-artist utilizing pen and ink, acrylic paint and silkscreen prints with hand made separations. “I actually do very little poster art anymore, if any,” Hess said. “I’ve been able to develop and mature as an artist and I’m lucky that people have been very accepting of the progression.” Hess’ art has been able to transcend genres as well as generations, which is icing on the cake for the artist. “At the end of the day I’d like, ideally, for all of my art to be technically sound and that hopefully connects with people. That, to me, is what makes successful art.” Chapter 5: Strhess Music Festivals & Strhess Clothing Hess’ music festivals, Strhess Fests and Strhess Tours, both in the United States and abroad made a huge impact in the hard core and metal scenes in the early 2000s. These shows were a collaboration of music and art that features bands such as Thursday, Shadow’s Fall, Stretch Arm Strong and Taking Back Sunday. The first Strhess Fest was in 2003 in Austin, Texas during South by Southwest to a capacity crowd featuring Candiria, Every Time I Die, Nora and Atreyu. The following festivals were renamed, Strhess Tour which ran from 2003 to 2007. The first was held in held in Cleveland, Ohio at the Scene Pavilion in the West bank of the Flats. Following the success of these shows, Strhess Tour traveled the U.S. and did a brief tour through Europe. The festivals featured both local and national bands, all of which were hand picked by Hess himself, mostly hardcore and metal bands. Hess now owns his own Indiemerch clothing line, Strhess. His shirt designs can be seen worn by many famous musicians from the genres rock to indie. Shaun Morgan of Seether is photographed wearing a Strhess shirt in the liner notes of One Cold Night, a live acoustic album. The Strhess Brand came about as Hess began making his move from poster art to fine art. The name came from the Strhess Tours and Festivals that fans were already familiar with. Because of this, Hess was able to bridge the gap between his music roots and newer ventures into fine arts. Chapter 6: The Dark Years Throughout his entire career, Hess struggled with alcoholism. He later realized his alcohol abuse was a way for him to self medicate and cope with bipolar disorder. He first went to rehab at 18, “The law said go to County Jail or go to rehab, so I said 'Let’s go to rehab!’” Hess says. It was here that Hess learned about his mental illness and how it had been affecting his life without his knowing. After rehab, Hess was sober for 16 years, later falling off the wagon after a bad break up. His battle with alcoholism began to affect his art, “The work I was making when I was drunk or hungover wasn’t as good as it could be. I would think I was doing a masterpiece, until I looked at it the next day,” says Hess. Hess eventually checked himself into rehab again, “I got there, it was noon, and they asked me if I’d been drinking. ‘HELL YEAH, I’ve been drinking!’ Because I’d get sick if I didn’t drink,” he says. Since, Hess has remained sober and has found more effective ways to manage his bipolar disorder. In his documentary, Forced Perspective, Hess speaks candidly about his battle with alcoholism and mental illness and has worked with several Mental Health Organizations while promoting the film. Legacy Today, Derek is still creating art and frequently has art shows at his gallery in Cleveland, Ohio, The Derek Hess Gallery, located at 78th Street Studios in the Gordon Square Arts District. Hess is currently doing talks and screenings across the country to promote his new documentary, Forced Perspective. See also Lowbrow (art movement) Notes External links Derek Hess website Derek Hess' Documentary, Forced Perspective Category:Album-cover and concert-poster artists Category:Living people Category:Artists from Cleveland Category:Year of birth missing (living people)	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
LIU Global LIU Global (formerly: Friends World College, Friends World Institute, Friends World Program, and Global College of Long Island University) is a discrete educational entity of Long Island University that offers a program that integrates a series of yearlong cultural immersions into a four-year Bachelor of Arts degree. Academic LIU Global offers only one degree-granting program, culminating in a B.A. in Global Studies. However, LIU Global also offers semester-long or year-long study abroad options for visiting students (approximately 20 transfer and/or visiting students are accepted per year). All incoming freshmen are required to complete their first year of study at LIU Global's Costa Rica Center, which is based in Heredia, Costa Rica with excursions to Nicaragua and Panama. In the second year, students participate in LIU Global's Europe Program which, in the fall, is based in Alcalá, Spain, with excursions to London and Berlin. In the spring the Europe program is based in Florence, Italy, with excursions to Vienna, Budapest, and Bosnia and Herzegovina. Juniors can choose to spend a year at the China Center in Hangzhou, China which offers excursions to Beijing, Shanghai, Yunnan and Sichuan Provinces in Western China; Hong Kong; and Taiwan. They may also travel with the Asia-Pacific Australia Program to Fiji, Australia, and New Zealand in the fall and Australia and Bali in the spring. The final year of the program begins with the International Research and Internship Semester (IRIS), an independently designed research project centered around an internship at the LIU Global Center or Program of the student's choice. This culminates in a semester in New York City, where students complete a series of capstone experiences, a second senior-year internship, and a senior thesis. History LIU Global was founded in 1965 as Friends World College through an initiative of New York Yearly Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers). Originally conceived as an international Quaker seminary, FWC's first campus was located on an abandoned airport, Mitchel Field, near Hempstead, NY, where the College's programs occupied unused barracks and hangars. In the early 1970s, the College acquired the Dickinson estate in Lloyd Harbor, New York through a bequest, and by 1974, it had relocated its North American center there, and in accordance with its vision for international education, had established satellite campuses in England, Kenya, India, Guatemala and Japan. Later, it established campuses in Costa Rica, Israel, and China. In order that its students might qualify for federally-guaranteed student loans and other Federal programs, the College dropped its formal Quaker affiliation in the mid-1970s and became nominally non-sectarian. However, the President at that time, Dr. George Watson, had already established a Quaker meeting on campus, and this remained until shortly before the College merged with Long Island University. By the mid- to late-1980s, the College had encountered financial difficulties, and the sudden failure of its Israel program, plus the loss of a US student to malaria in Kenya, helped bring about the Trustees' decision to accept an offer for merger from LIU. The Dickinson Campus was sold to provide a much-needed cash influx, and re-christened 'Friends World Program', the North American campus was moved to LIU's [Southampton College] during the 1991–1992 academic year. In the Fall of 2005, the program moved to LIU's Brooklyn Campus; thus the New York City Center was established. During this period the name 'Friends' was dropped, and the College became known as 'Global Studies LIU'. In March 2007, the name Global College was adopted. In January 2012, LIU launched an institution-wide 're-branding campaign', and Global College became LIU Global. Around 70-90 students are currently enrolled at their centers and program sites worldwide. Currently operating centers New York Center, Brooklyn, New York Costa Rica Center, Heredia City, Costa Rica China Center, Hangzhou, China Currently operating programs Asia-Pacific Australia Program, Byron Bay, Australia Europe Program, Spain, London, Berlin, Italy, Vienna, Budapest, Bosnia and Herzegovina Suspended centers Regional centers are sometimes shut down indefinitely due to lack of funds, lack of demand, or security or health risks. As of July 2017, these included: West Africa Center, Kumasi, Ghana East Africa Center, Machakos, Kenya European Center, London, England Middle East Center, Jerusalem, Israel Japan Center, Kyoto, Japan Global Issues in South America, various sites in Peru and Ecuador South Africa Center, Durban, South Africa Comparative Religion and Culture Program, India, Turkey, Thailand, and Taiwan India Center, Bangalore, India External links LIU Global website References Category:Long Island University Category:Universities and colleges in New York (state) Category:Universities and colleges in Brooklyn Category:Educational institutions established in 1965 Category:1965 establishments in New York (state)	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Bagh-e Keshmir-e Olya Bagh-e Keshmir-e Olya (, also Romanized as Bāgh-e Keshmīr-e ‘Olyā; also known as Bāgh-e Keshmīr, Bāgh-e Keshmīr-e Bālā, and Bāgh Keshmīr) is a village in Bagh-e Keshmir Rural District, Salehabad District, Torbat-e Jam County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 1,041, in 241 families. References Category:Populated places in Torbat-e Jam County	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Charles Ehresmann Charles Ehresmann (19 April 1905 – 22 September 1979) was a German-born French mathematician who worked in differential topology and category theory. He was an early member of the Bourbaki group, and is known for his work on the differential geometry of smooth fiber bundles, notably the Ehresmann connection, the concept of jets of a smooth map, and his seminar on category theory. Life Ehresmann was born in Strasbourg to a family which spoke the Alsatian language; his father was a gardener. He attended school in Strasbourg, then in 1924 went to university at the École Normale Supérieure (ENS) in Paris. On graduating in 1927 he did one year of military service, and taught at a French school at Rabat in Morocco. He studied further at the University of Göttingen during the years 1930–31, and at Princeton University in 1932–34. He completed his Ph.D. thesis entitled Sur la topologie de certains espaces homogènes (On the topology of certain homogeneous spaces) at ENS in 1934 under the supervision of Élie Cartan, and became a researcher with the Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS). From 1935 to 1937 he contributed to the seminar of Gaston Julia, which was a forerunner of the Bourbaki seminar. Ehresmann was a lecturer at the French University of Strasbourg in 1939, when the German occupation of France irrupted and the whole faculty was evacuated to Clermont-Ferrand. When Germany withdrew in 1945, he returned to Strasbourg. From 1955 he was Professor of Topology in Paris. His post was initially at the Sorbonne, but after the reorganization of Parisian universities in 1969 he moved to Paris Diderot University (Paris 7). He also held visiting chairs at Yale University, Princeton University, in Brazil (São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro), Buenos Aires, Mexico City, Montreal, and the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research in Bombay; and was awarded an Honorary Doctorate by the University of Bologna. He was President of the Société Mathématique de France in 1965. He retired in 1975. After retirement and until 1978 he gave lectures at the University of Picardy at Amiens, to which he moved because his second wife, Andrée Charles-Ehresmann, was a professor of mathematics there. He died at Amiens in 1979. Mathematical work Ehresmann first investigated the topology and homology of manifolds associated with classical Lie groups, such as Grassmann manifolds and other homogeneous spaces. He developed the concept of fiber bundle, building on work by Herbert Seifert and Hassler Whitney. Norman Steenrod was working in the same direction in the USA, but Ehresmann was particularly interested in differentiable (smooth) fiber bundles, and in differential-geometric aspects of these. He was a pioneer of differential topology. By 1957, having become a leading proponent of categorical methods, he founded the mathematical journal Cahiers de Topologie et Géométrie Différentielle Catégoriques. Jean Dieudonné described Ehresmann's personality as "... distinguished by forthrightness, simplicity, and total absence of conceit or careerism. As a teacher he was outstanding, not so much for the brilliance of his lectures as for the inspiration and tireless guidance he generously gave to his research students ... " He had 76 PhD students, including Georges Reeb, Wu Wenjun (吴文俊), André Haefliger, Valentin Poénaru, and Daniel Tanré. His first student was Jacques Feldbau. His publications include the books 1965 Catégories et structures (Dunod, Paris, 1965) and Algèbre (1969). His collected works, edited by his wife, appeared in seven volumes in 1980–1983 (four volumes published by Imprimerie Evrard, Amiens, and the rest in the journal Cahiers de Topologie et Géométrie Différentielle Catégoriques which he had founded). See also Ehresmann's theorem Ehresmann connection Notes References International Conference "Charles Ehresmann: 100 ans" Université de Picardie Jules Verne à Amiens, 7-8-9 October 2005. http://pagesperso-orange.fr/vbm-ehr/ChEh/indexAng.htm 'The mathematical legacy of Charles Ehresmann', Proceedings of the 7th Conference on the Geometry and Topology of Manifolds: The Mathematical Legacy of Charles Ehresmann, Będlewo (Poland), 8.05.2005–15.05.2005, Edited by J. Kubarski, J. Pradines, T. Rybicki, R. Wolak, Banach Center Publications, vol. 76, Institute of Mathematics of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, 2007. https://www.impan.pl/pl/wydawnictwa/banach-center-publications/all/76 External links Category:20th-century French mathematicians Category:Nicolas Bourbaki Category:Category theorists Category:École Normale Supérieure alumni Category:Alsatian-German people Category:1905 births Category:1979 deaths Category:Differential geometers Category:University of Paris faculty Category:University of Strasbourg faculty Category:Topologists	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Ollie McKelson William 'Ollie' McKelson (13 August 1881 – 5 December 1950) was an Australian rules footballer who played a single game with South Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL). Notes External links Category:1881 births Category:1950 deaths Category:Australian rules footballers from Victoria (Australia) Category:Sydney Swans players	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Neu-Süns Castle Neu-Süns Castle, Neu-Sins Castle or Canova () is a ruined castle in the municipality of Domleschg in the Viamala Region of the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland. History The castle was probably built in between 1250 and 1300, though the earliest reference to it is from 1337. At that time the castle was known as nüwer Sünnes. It was probably built by the powerful Vaz family to expand the territory controlled by nearby Alt-Süns Castle. Traditionally it was believed that the alternative name Canova was the original name and referred to a local noble family. However the first mention of the turri de Canofa (Canova is Romansh for new house) appears in 1390. When the Vaz family died out in 1338, their estates in the area were inherited by the Counts of Werdenberg-Sargans. In 1392 Anna von Rhäzüns received the castle from her husband Count Johann von Werdenberg-Sargans. In 1437 the two castles were specifically mentioned in a treaty between Heinrich von Werdenberg-Sargans and the Cantons of Schwyz and Glarus. The southern wall of the tower was intentionally collapsed by the victorious attackers in 1451 during a war between the residents of the Schams valley against Werdenberg-Sargans. As part of the peace treaty, the Counts could rebuild the castle if the League of God's House gave their approval. As they were never able to secure permission, the castle was allowed to fall into ruin. During the 16th century, the ruins were mentioned as a landmark as was the nearby farm. In 1574 Andreas von Salis zu Reitberg inherited the farm and the ruined castle. Today the property is owned by the Planta family. Castle site The castle had an uncommon round donjon that was five stories tall. The southern side of the tower was destroyed during the 1451 war, but the northern side remains intact and still reaches its original height. The tower walls are up to thick. Fireplaces, two garderobes and sitting places by the windows show that the third and fourth stories were permanently inhabited. The top of the tower was crowned with crenellations and a sloping wooden roof that was protected by the stone battlements. The tower was surrounded by a stone ring wall that was about larger than the tower. The rectangular outer bailey was to the south-west of the round tower. It was defended by steep slopes and a ditch. Very little of the ring wall or outer bailey still remain. See also List of castles in Switzerland References Category:Castles in Graubünden Category:Ruined castles in Switzerland	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Rachakonda commissionerate Rachakonda Police commissionerate (Telugu: రాచకొండ పోలీస్ కమిష్నరేట్) is one among the three Police commissionerates located in Hyderabad, Telangana, India. History It was formed in June 2016 by bifurcating Cyberabad Metropolitan Police, earlier it was known as Cyberabad East. Current Structure Rachakonda Commissionerate is divided into three DCP Zones. Each DCP Zone is further divided into ACP Zones. An ACP Zone consists of several Police Stations. Malkajgiri DCP Zone Kushaiguda ACP Zone Kushaiguda Neredmet Jawahar Nagar Keesara Malkajgiri ACP Zone Malkajgiri Nacharam Uppal Medipally Ghatkesar LB Nagar DCP Zone LB Nagar ACP Zone LB Nagar Saroornagar Chaitanyapuri Women PS Vanasthalipuram ACP Zone Vanasthalipuram Meerpet Hayathnagar Abdullapurmet Balapur Pahadishareef Ibrahimpatnam ACP Zone Ibrahimpatnam Manchal Yacharam Adibatla Maheshwaram Kandukur Madgul Bhongir DCP Zone Bhongir ACP Zone Bhongir Town Bhongir Rural Bibinagar Bommalaramaram Yadadri ACP Zone Yadadri Turkapally Rajapeta Alair Motakondur Choutuppal ACP Zone Choutuppal Pochampally Valigonda Narayanapur Ramannapet Athmakur Mothkur Addaguduru References Cyberabad East police renamed as Rachakonda commissionerate Cyberabad police commissionerate divided into East and West Over 3K CCTVs to be put up in Rachakonda Commissionerate Category:Warangal (urban) district Category:Telangana Police	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Popovkino Popovkino () is a rural locality (a village) in Samotovinskoye Rural Settlement, Velikoustyugsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 45 as of 2002. Geography The distance to Veliky Ustyug is 3 km, to Novator is 6 km. Onbovo is the nearest rural locality. References Category:Rural localities in Vologda Oblast	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Enfield 8000 The Enfield 8000 is a two-seater battery-electric city car, introduced in 1973 and developed in the United Kingdom by Enfield Automotive, owned by Greek millionaire Giannis Goulandris. The car was designed by a group of Greek and British engineers headed by Constantine Adraktas (Chairman and Managing Technical Director of Enfield) and production, immediately after its introduction, was moved to the Greek island of Syros. 120 cars were built in total, of which 65 were used by the Electricity Council and electricity boards in the south of England. Powered by an electric motor and lead-acid batteries, the car has a top speed of around and a range of around . In Autocar's test in 1975 they found it had a usable range of . It could accelerate from 0 to in 1.6 seconds, in 4.7 seconds and in 15.7 seconds. Brakes are by drums front and back. It has a ladder-type square section tube chassis frame with aluminium alloy body panels stretched over steel frames. It uses suspension parts from the Hillman Imp, doors were adapted from the Mini and a rear axle derived from Reliant three-wheelers. Neorion The company had been incorporated into the Greek Neorion company, also owned by Goulandris, and production was transferred to Syros, the company having transformed into a new Greek company, Enfield-Neorion, headquartered in Piraeus. There have been many arguments regarding the reason why Mr. Goulandris decided to produce the car in Greece, including conspiracy theories. Thanos Lebesis, then General Manager of Enfield-Neorion, argues that Mr. Goulandris had thought that "the company was owned by Greeks, the car was designed by Greeks, so it should also be produced by Greeks". However, it could not be legally sold in Greece due to tax categorization issues connected with electric power, so production was exported to the United Kingdom. Enfield-Neorion developments included a "Jeep" version aiming at the rent-a-car market in the Greek islands, but none could be sold locally. Flux Capacitor A highly customised version called 'Jonny's Flux Capacitor' built by Jonny Smith is street legal. , the 'Flux Capacitor' is the world's fastest street legal electric vehicle. See also List of modern production plug-in electric vehicles Scottish Aviation Scamp References Enfield Electric Car External links Category:Electric cars Category:Cars of England Video of an Enfield 8000 ECC with modern electronics A Tale of Two Isles (2014) Documentary https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3838966/	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Kilis Kilis ( Killiz; ) is a city in south-central Turkey, near the border with Syria, and the administrative centre of Kilis Province. History During the Ayyubid era, the Kurdish dynasty of Mand, or Mantashah, commenced. Mand, who allegedly traced his ancestry back to Abbas, had initially been given control of Qusayr, thereafter also of Joum and Kilis. His descendants would continue to rule Kilis, though at times interrupted, until Ottoman times. Their last representative was Hussain Janpoulad, who was killed in 1610. Thereafter, remaining members of the Janpoulad family fled to Lebanon, intermarried with the Druze, and became the. Jumblatt family Although there are not any definite information related to its foundation, today's Kilis City mainly developed and became urbanized during the Ottoman Period. However, traces of important cities found in the near surroundings of Kilis and the historical documents prove that important centres were always present here in every period. In the tablets belonging to the Assyrian period, the name 'Ki-li-zi' is written in cuneiform and a city named as "Ciliza Sive Urnagiganti" during the Roman Empire period is mentioned. In addition to centers such as Kirus antique city, Oylum Höyük, Ravanda Castle, Ilezi and Tarzime Han, many other residential areas starting from the Neolithic period have also been discovered in the surrounding of Kilis as a result of archaeological surface explorations. Hitting, Greek, Persian, Roman, Byzantine, Crusader, Mameluk and Ottoman periods were experienced in the region respectively. As a result of the researchers, it has been determined that the 2 oldest structures (Ulu Mosque, 1388 and Katrancı Mosque, 1460) in the city center of Kilis belong to the Mameluk Period. Besides these two mosques approximately 135 monumental structures have being constructed since 1516 during the Ottoman Period. The population of Kilis was 20.000 and it was a city in which production, commerce and cultural functions were developed at the end of the 19th century and it was also a center in which agricultural products (such as grapes, cereals etc.) cultivated in nearly 500 villages around it was processed and industrial products were produced and marketed. As in the whole Ottoman geography, members of the three major religions are living here together and culture and art are highly developed. 37 mosques, 14 small mosques, 4 Dervish Lodges, 8 madrasahs, 4 churches, 1 synagogue, 31 fountains, 5 Turkish baths, 40 coffee houses, 5 pharmacies and 5 drinking houses that were present in the city at the end of the 19th century give information about the social and cultural structure here. Poetry, music and handicrafts and especially architecture was developed. Kilis was part of the Aleppo Vilayet of the Ottoman Empire until the First World War, after which it passed to the Republic of Turkey. There was also an Armenian and Jewish community. The sizable Armenian population was persecuted and eventually massacred during the Armenian Genocide. Being a border town, Kilis has long had a reputation for smuggling and drug trafficking. Although this has apparently been reduced, even today cigarettes, spirits and cheap electrical items can be bought for cash at low prices. During the Syrian Civil War, the city became a target of continuous rocket attacks by ISIL. in April 2016, the town was struck by rockets fired by ISIS killing 21 people and injuring others. Population The population of the town was 20,000 in 1927, 45,000 in 1970, 60,000 in 1980 and 85,000 in 1990. It then fell in the 1990s to 70,000 by 2000. The population was 82,109 in 2010. Geography Kilis is surrounded by three important cities named Gaziantep, Antakya and Aleppo, in the region in which the Anatolia Plateau ends and the Syria plain begins. As a result of its proximity to the North Mediterranean, it is in a transition region between the Mediterranean climate and the continental climate.It is in the Northwestern part of the Mesopotamia region name as the "Fertile Crescent", which has been a settling area since the very beginning of history. The Öncüpınar Syrian border crossing is to the south and the large city of Gaziantep is to the north. Indeed, until 1996 Kilis was a district of Gaziantep Province, being made into a province by Tansu Çiller following an open vote-winning gambit in the 1995 general election. Architecture The city in which traditional stone architecture is dominant, has an organic structure. Narrow streets, stone walls and houses with courtyards inside create the structure of the city together with the monumental buildings. Houses of Kilis are shaped depending on the effects of the climate and cultural approaches and are not easily detected from outside as they are surrounded with high walls. You can see the houses as places located around large courtyards when you enter through the door that opens to the street or dead-end street. Cuisine The local kebab known as Kilis Tava is renowned, and also the breads, baklava, künefe and stuffed vegetables. Education Kilis 7 Aralık University is located in Kilis and has around 8,000 undergraduate and graduate students. Places of interest Sights in the town include a number of Ottoman era mosques and stone houses with courtyards and elaborate carved wooden fittings. Mosques Canbolat or Tekke, built in the 16th century. Muallak, built in the 16th century. Hacı Derviş, built in 1551. Şeyhler or Şeyh Süleyman, built in 1655. Hindioğlu, built in 1664. Akcurun, built in the 16th or 17th century. Şeyh, built in 1569. Şeyh Hilal, the minaret was built in 1641. Katrancı or Alacalı, the present structure was rebuilt in 1962. Murtaza, built in 1659 repaired in 1948. Cüneyne, built in 1569. Mausoleums (Türbe) The Mausoleum of Sheikh Mansur The Mausoleum of Sheikh Muhammed Bedevi (Rıttali) The Mausoleum of Sheikh Muhammed Ensari Dervish Lodges (Tekke) Shurahbil bin Hasanah Dervish Lodge and Mausoleum Turkish Baths (Hamam) Old (Eski) Baths Paşa Baths Tuğlu (Daltaban Pasha) Baths Climate Kilis has a hot summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification Csa), with very hot, dry and long summers and cool and rainy winters, with occasional snowfall. References External links Kilis Police Department All About Turkey : Kilis Tourism information is available in English at the Southeastern Anatolian Promotion Project site. Category:Jewish communities in Turkey Category:Districts of Kilis Province	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Delfín Gallo Delfín Gallo (November 25, 1845 – December 8, 1889) was an Argentine politician and journalist. He was born in San Miguel de Tucumán to a family with connections to the Tucumanian oligarchy, and studied under Amédée Jacques at the Colegio San Miguel. In 1867, he received a license to practice law in Buenos Aires. He later pursued a career in journalism in publications such as La Prensa, El Nacional, and SudAmérica, which he founded along with his brother in law Carlos Pellegrini and Lucio V. López. He represented Tucumán as a national deputy from 1872 to 1876 and from 1884 to 1888; between 1876 and 1884, he represented Buenos Aires. A great parliamentary orator, he is remembered especially for his vigorous condemnation of the overthrow of Tucumanian governor Juan Posse in 1887. He served as undersecretary of justice and public education during the administration of Nicolás Avellaneda. He sat on the board of directors of the Western and Pacific Railroads, and presided over the National Real-estate Bank. On September 1, 1889, during the run-up to the Revolution of the Park, Gallo spoke at the great meeting of the Jardín Florida, which gave rise to the Civic Youth Union. Less than four months later, he died in Buenos Aires. References Category:1845 births Category:1889 deaths Category:Members of the Argentine Chamber of Deputies Category:People from San Miguel de Tucumán	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
John Kendrew (inventor) John Kendrew (1748-1800), a Darlington Quaker, is best known for having invented the first effective process for the mechanical spinning of flax. With Thomas Porthouse, a local clockmaker, he built a working machine and together in 1787 they patented the design in both England and Scotland. They licensed the technology to others, and subsequently each built their own mill - Kendrew's being near Haughton le Skerne on the NE outskirts of Darlington. After Kendrew's death, Porthouse took out his own patent, as did others and most flax mills were technological descendants of the Kendrew/Porthouse design. By 1776, Kendrew, a self-taught mechanic, had erected a water driven mill on the river Skerne, at Low Mill, just south of Darlington Bridge, for the purpose of grinding spectacle lenses in large numbers. After that date he was frequently described as an 'optician'. This mill continued in operating after his death, and achieved contemporary fame, though claims that it was the first of its kind in the country cannot be upheld. References Category:British inventors Category:Textile workers	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
St. Agatha – St. James Church St. Agatha–St. James Church (formerly St. James Church) is a Roman Catholic church in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The original parish was established in 1850 as the Church of St. James the Greater, the first Catholic parish in Philadelphia County west of the Schuylkill River. Ground was purchased at 38th and Chestnut Streets and within two years a church building was erected. Construction of the current building, designed by Philadelphia architect Edwin Forrest Durang, began on October 16, 1881 and was completed on the same day in 1887. The church underwent additions in 1930, which included electric lights, and another complete renovation in 2003. Nearby St. Agatha's Church (at 38th and Spring Garden Streets in Powelton Village) was closed in 1976, and its parish was merged into that of the former St. James Church, which was then renamed St. Agatha–St. James. The current pastor is Father Carlos Keen. References External links St. Agatha - St. James Parish Category:Roman Catholic churches in Philadelphia Category:Roman Catholic churches in Pennsylvania Category:University City, Philadelphia	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Whelpton Whelpton is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: Eric Whelpton (1894–1981), English writer and poet Fred Whelpton (1885–1965), Australian rules footballer Ike Whelpton (1887–1944), English footballer John Whelpton (born 1950), historian	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Aldus Chapin Higgins House The Aldus Chapin Higgins House is a historic house at 1 John Wing Road, on the campus of the Worcester Polytechnic Institute, in Worcester, Massachusetts. Built in 1921, it is one of the city's finest examples of period Revival architecture, notably including antique elements imported from Europe. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. It currently houses the college's alumni relations office and is used for special events. Description and history The Aldus Chapin Higgins House is located northwest of downtown Worcester, on the north side of the Worcester Polytechnic Institute campus, overlooking Institute Park to the north. It is an eclectic structure 2-1/2 stories in height, with its exterior finished in stucco, brick, and stone. It consists of two roughly rectangular wings, set at right angles to each other and joined by a central octagonal entry. The octagonal tower is crowned by a crenellated battlement. The upper levels are generally finished in half-timbered stucco, in some places decorated by additional foliate carvings. Many of its leaded casement windows are antiques shipped from Europe, and the house's Great Hall has architectural features removed from an Italian monastery. The house was designed by Grosvenor Atterbury, although Aldus Chapin Higgins, the owner, had likely made sketches and other design notes for some years before hiring Atterbury. Aldus Higgins was the son of Milton Prince Higgins, founder of the Norton Company and a leading figure in the Washburn and Moen Wire Works, a major local industry. The house was donated to the Worcester Polytechnic Institute after the death of Aldus Chapin Higgins' wife. See also National Register of Historic Places listings in northwestern Worcester, Massachusetts National Register of Historic Places listings in Worcester County, Massachusetts References External links Higgins House - Worcester Polytechnic Institute Category:Houses completed in 1921 Category:Houses in Worcester, Massachusetts Category:National Register of Historic Places in Worcester, Massachusetts Category:Worcester Polytechnic Institute Category:Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Worcester County, Massachusetts	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Tom Gottelier Tom Gottelier (born 1988) is an English designer based in London. Gottelier was born in London. He studied at the Design Academy Eindhoven and graduated from Design Products at The Royal College of Art in 2013. He is the founder of the Royal Amateur Expedition Society (RAES) and co-founder of the creative studio Featuring Featuring. He is also a Co Founder of "Designers on Holiday" (DOH) along with Bobby Petersen, an annual design festival located on Gotland, Sweden. Alongside his colleagues at the time, Bobby Petersen and Ed Thomas, Tom was awarded the Hospital Club's hclub100 award in 2013, described by The Guardian as "an annual campaign to identify the 100 most influential and innovative people working across arts, culture and the creative industries in the UK". The award was given due to the trio's work on The Paper Pulp Helmet; other winners of the award that year included Steve McQueen (film director), Marcus Fairs (founder of Dezeen) and Cara Delevingne (model). Exhibitions Self Unself (Suzhou Jinji Lake Art Museum 2014) Self Unself (Van Abbe Museum, Eindhoven, 2013) Out of the Woods: Adventures of 12 Hardwood Chairs (Victoria and Albert Museum, London, 2012) Publications Paradise, with co-editors Bobby Petersen and James Shaw, Royal College of Art 2012. References External links Tom Gottelier inhabitat.com Category:Living people Category:1988 births Category:English designers	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Godovikovite Godovikovite is a rare sulfate mineral with the chemical formula: (NH4)Al(SO4)2. Aluminium can partially be substituted by iron. Hydration of godovikovite gives the ammonium alum, tschermigite. The mineral forms cryptocrystalline, often porous, masses, usually of white colour. Single crystals are very small hexagonal blades. Typical environment for godovikovite are burning coal sites (mainly dumps). There the mineral acts, together with millosevichite, as one of the main components of so-called sulfate crust. It was first described in 1988 for an occurrence in the Chelyabinsk coal basin, Chelyabinsk Oblast, Southern Urals, Russia, and named for Russian mineralogist Aleksandrovich Godovikov (1927–1995). References Webmineral Category:Sulfate minerals Category:Trigonal minerals	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Goślice Goślice is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bielsk, within Płock County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately south of Bielsk, north-east of Płock, and north-west of Warsaw. References Category:Villages in Płock County	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Robot Wants Kitty Robot Wants Kitty is a 2011 action-adventure platform game developed by American indie developer Hamumu Software. It was adapted from an earlier Flash game of the same name. Plot The player character is a robot who must navigate a maze to rescue a kitten. Gameplay The player controls the robot as it navigates a series of six mazes, the goal in each being to reach the eponymous kitten. At the beginning of each level, the robot can do nothing but run left and right, but it will acquire additional abilities by obtaining items (called "apps") hidden throughout the maze, thus allowing it to backtrack and traverse previously-impassable obstacles. Once the robot reaches the kitten, the robot is stripped of all of its apps and sent to the next level, where the process begins again. Reception Robot Wants Kitty received positive reviews, currently sitting at 82/100 on Metacritic. TouchArcade gave it 4 stars out of 5, saying, "The way you acquire all of these abilities fits perfectly in to the Metroidvania formula ... it feel[s] like the essence of what makes said formula work so well has been practically perfectly distilled", though also added, "I suppose you could look at the fact that there's only six levels as a negative point of the game". Eurogamer scored the game 8/10, calling it "as charming as they come", and writing that during the game, "comparisons to some of the genre's true greats spring to mind". References External links Robot Wants Kitty at GameFAQs Category:2011 video games Category:Action-adventure games Category:IOS games Category:IOS-only games Category:Metroidvania games Category:Platform games Category:Video games developed in the United States	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School The Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School (PKU Shenzhen) is a public research university established as a satellite graduate school of Peking University in 2001 via a joint venture with the Shenzhen Municipal Government. It is situated inside the University Town of Shenzhen, along with the graduate schools of Tsinghua University and the Harbin Institute of Technology. The present chancellor of Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School is Dr. Wu Yundong. Campus Peking University Shenzhen is a fully residential university. Peking University Shenzhen's campus is located in the Nanshan district of Shenzhen within the University Town of Shenzhen alongside graduate schools of Tsinghua University and Harbin Institute of Technology. The campus is spread over an area of 22 hectares (55 acres) with an integrated academic block with more than 51,908 square meters of classroom and laboratory space and an international conference center. The HSBC Business School is housed in a separate building. Academics PKU Shenzhen is a graduate education institution comprising eight schools and 30 research laboratories, among which are several major State-level institutions: HSBC Business School School of Transnational Law School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology School of Electronic and Computer Engineering School of Environment and Energy School of Humanities and Social Sciences School of Urban Planning and Design School of Advanced Materials HSBC Business School Programs Full-Time Master's Programs HSBC Business School offers full-time graduate programs in Economics, Management and Quantitative Finance with instruction in English. The school also runs several graduate programs with the language of instruction as Mandarin Chinese. MBA Program PKU HSBC Business School's full-time MBA program started in 2012. Currently this program is only open to domestic students and is conducted solely in Mandarin Chinese. The school also runs Executive Master of Business Administration(EMBA) and Executive Development Programs(EDP). PHBS Financial Research Laboratory The HSBC Business School Financial Research Laboratory is a National Key Laboratory established by the direct financial support of the Chinese government and specializes in financial product development, financial market research, and financial transactions training . The lab conducts research and training in the various fields of finance . The PHBS Finance Lab releases a real time index called China Commodity Futures Index which is used for trading commodities all over China. School of Transnational Law The School of Transnational Law (STL) is the world’s first law school to offer a program that combines a Chinese Juris master's degree and an American Juris Doctor degree. . The curriculum covers the full scope of the two nations’ legal systems, as well as a variety of legal systems from Europe and Asia. Combining theory and practice, the pedagogy deploys the Socratic Method and other techniques to foster the skills required at the highest levels of legal practice. Jeffrey Lehman served as the founding dean of the School of Transnational Law. Library Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School is served by the Shenzhen Science and Technology Library situated on campus. The library is shared by the graduate schools of Peking University, Tsinghua University and Harbin Institute of Technology and is open to the general public as well. The library at present holds 1.5 million books, journals and bound periodicals 3000 general seats and caters to over 8000 visitors per day. The library offers a wide array of books spread over four floors with over 1700 data ports and 210 internet enabled computers for personal use. The various services of the library include research services, circulation services, citations reporting service, documentation service, competitive intelligence counselling, translation service and the media lab of the library provides multimedia information services. Apart from the University Town Library, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School students are also served Shenzhen Library with a collection of over four million books and periodicals making it one of the largest libraries in China. The University Town Library also houses the Peking University School of Transnational Law Legal Research Center. Infrastructure The library building is spread over four floors with a total area of 52000 square meters and was designed by RMJM. The library is shaped like " a dragon spanning a river " with a length of 480 meters that mirrors the landscape of the region. The library has won several awards for its sustainable design such as 2007 American Institute of Architects Merit award, 2008: The Chicago Athenaeum Museum of Architecture and Design, International Architecture Award and 2008: Hong Kong Design Centre - Design for Asia Merit Award. The allied resources of the library include a 260-seat scholarly conference hall, two 78 seat training classrooms, a 60-seat conference hall, 24 personal research rooms, 5 discussion rooms for group discussion, meetings etc. Online Resources University Town of Shenzhen Library offers online resources including subscription various databases such as ProQuest-ABI/INFORM, EconLit, Ebrary, MyiLibrary, ScienceDirect-Elsevier, Factiva and provide complete access to American Economic Association journals, Journal of Finance, Harvard Business Review back volumes etc. The Peking University HSBC Business School subscribes to Wharton School's Wharton Research and Data Services network and all its allied databases such as Compustat, CRSP. The school also has access to EconLit, Bloomberg Data and Wind data and CSMAR databases. Students also have access to the online resources of Peking University main campus website in Beijing. International relations Research collaborations Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School has collaborated with several globally renowned universities . PKU Shenzhen's School of Environmental Engineering houses the Singapore Peking Oxford Research Enterprise (SPORE) program and research center in collaboration with Oxford University and National University of Singapore and offers joint degree programs. Other collaborative research centers at PKU Shenzhen include Urban and Regional Planning Co-Research Center jointly run with University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Hong Kong- Shenzhen Development and Innovation Center with the University of Hong Kong and Renewable Energy Research Center with University of California, Berkeley. Exchange programs Several departments especially School of Transnational Law and HSBC Business School run exchange and dual degree programs universities around the world . The School of Transnational Law has exchange agreements with Bucerius Law School (Germany), Center for Transnational Legal Studies (London), EBS Law School (Germany), Fundação Getulio Vargas Law School of São Paulo (Brazil), International University College of Turin (Italy), Maastricht University (Netherlands), Tel Aviv University(Israel), University of Indiana Maurer School of Law (USA), University of Iowa College of Law (USA), University of Lausanne Faculty of Law and Criminal Justice (Switzerland), University of Miami School of Law (USA), University of San Diego School of Law (USA). Peking University HSBC Business School currently has exchange agreements with over 30 universities all over the globe . Some of them are Frankfurt School of Finance, University of California, Davis, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, College of William and Mary(USA), Tulane University A.B. Freeman School of Business, Universidad de Monterrey (Mexico), University of Cologne, University of Western Sydney etc. HSBC Business School has dual degree agreements with the University of Hong Kong, Chinese University of Hong Kong, National University of Singapore and a joint MBA program with Hong Kong University of Science and Technology . Athletics Peking University Shenzhen constantly participates in Peking University Track and Field events as well as several inter-university events in China. Peking University Shenzhen has formal teams for more than 20 athletic events including basketball, football, table tennis, rowing etc. Peking University Shenzhen won several awards at the 2012 PKU Track and Field competition and its rowing team was placed second at the University Town Rowing Competition. The athletics and sports facilities of PKU Shenzhen include a standard 400 m athletic track, a soccer field, four tennis courts, three basketball courts, a world class gymnasium, four badminton courts etc. PKU Shenzhen students also have access to common sports facilities of the University Town of Shenzhen which include several tennis courts, a 4000-seat Olympic standard stadium and Olympic standard swimming pool. People Faculty Some of PKU Shenzhen's present faculty members include: Dr. Wen Hai: Founder of China Center for Economic Research and former Vice-President of Peking University. Dr. Fan Gang: Renowned economist and Secretary General of China Reform Foundation. Philip McConnaughay: Former Dean of the Dickinson School of Law at Pennsylvania State University. Stephen Yandle: Former Associate Dean of Yale Law School. Dr. Chen Shiyi: Renowned physicist and former Alonzo G. Decker Jr. Chair professor at Johns Hopkins University. Former faculty members include Jeffrey S. Lehman, former President of Cornell University, Charles Ogletree, former visiting professor at School of Transnational Law and Jesse Climenko, professor at Harvard Law School. See also Peking University China Center for Economic Research Peking University HSBC Business School C9 League Peking University School of Transnational Law References Further reading "School opens new academic year" (Archive). City of Shenzhen. September 7, 2012. External links Official website Category:Peking University Category:Universities and colleges in Shenzhen Category:nanshan District, Shenzhen	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Physicomimetics Physicomimetics is physics-based swarm (computational) intelligence. The word is derived from physike (φυσική, Greek for "the science of physics") and mimesis (μίμησις, Greek for "imitation"). Overview In response to growing concerns that single monolithic robotic vehicles are expensive, brittle, and vulnerable, there has been a trend towards the development of distributed networks of small, inexpensive vehicles. The capability of these networks to dynamically monitor and sense environmental conditions while maintaining cost-effectiveness, robustness, and flexibility, is considered to be among their greatest assets. Dynamic sensor networks are critically needed for various tasks such as search and rescue, surveillance, perimeter defense, locating and mapping of chemical and biological hazards, virtual space telescopes, automated assembly of micro-electromechanical systems, and medical surgery (e.g., with nanobots). The core technology used to achieve these goals is a novel approach referred to as "artificial physics" or "physicomimetics". With physicomimetics, robotic agents perceive and react to artificial physics forces. By synthesizing the appropriate virtual forces, various important task-driven behaviors can be effectively achieved, such as lattice-shaped distributed antennas, perimeter defense, and dynamic surveillance. Furthermore, the systems self-organize, can self-repair, and are fault-tolerant. Recently the paradigm has been adapted to function optimization. The motivation for this approach is that any system designed using the laws of physics is amenable to the full gamut of empirical, analytical, and theoretical analysis tools used by physicists. This approach was first introduced by Professors William Spear and Diana Spears at the Naval Research Laboratory and the University of Wyoming. The first paper on this approach was published by them in 1999 at the IEEE International Conference on Information, Intelligence, and Systems. and the title was "Using Artificial Physics to Control Agents". See also Swarm robotics References External links University of Wyoming Distributed Robotics Laboratory Category:Multi-robot systems	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Intel 8255 The Intel 8255 (or i8255) Programmable Peripheral Interface (PPI) chip was developed and manufactured by Intel in the first half of the 1970s for the Intel 8080 microprocessor. The 8255 provides 24 parallel input/output lines with a variety of programmable operating modes. The 8255 is a member of the MCS-85 Family of chips, designed by Intel for use with their 8085 and 8086 microprocessors and their descendants. It was first available in a 40-pin DIP and later a 44-pin PLCC packages. It found wide applicability in digital processing systems and was later cloned by other manufacturers. The 82C55 is a CMOS version for higher speed and lower current consumption. The functionality of the 8255 is now mostly embedded in larger VLSI processing chips as a sub-function. A CMOS version of the 8255 is still being made by Renesas but mostly used to expand the I/O of microcontrollers. Similar chips The 8255 has a similar function to the MOS Technology 6522 (Versatile Interface Adapter) and the 6526 MOS Technology CIA (Complex Interface Adapter), both developed for the 6502 family. All of these chips were originally available in a 40-pin DIL package. The 8255 provides 24 usable I/O pins whereas the MOS chips only provide 16 I/O pins plus 4 control pins. However, the MOS chips contain more functions, such as two programmable reload timers and a simple I/O shift register function. Furthermore, the MOS devices allow the direction (input or output) of all their I/O pins to be individually programmed. The 8255 I/O pins have only four programmable direction bits: one for all of Port A(7:0), one for Port B(7:0), one for Port C(3:0) and one for Port C(7:4). Other comparable microprocessor I/O chips are the 2655 Programmable Peripheral Interface from the Signetics 2650 family, the Motorola 6820 PIA (Peripheral Interface Adapter) from the Motorola 6800 family and the Western Design Center WDC 65C21. Variants The industrial grade version of ID8255A was available for US$17.55 in quantities of 100 and up. Application The 8255 was widely used in many microcomputer/microcontroller systems and home computers such as the SV-328 and all MSX models. The 8255 was used in the original IBM-PC, PC/XT, PC/jr and clones, along with numerous homebuilt computers such as the N8VEM. Function The 8255 gives a CPU or digital system access to programmable parallel I/O. The 8255 has 24 input/output pins. These are divided into three 8-bit ports (A, B, C). Port A and port B can be used as 8-bit input/output ports. Port C can be used as an 8-bit input/output port or as two 4-bit input/output ports or to produce handshake signals for ports A and B. The three ports are further grouped as follows: Group A consisting of port A and upper part of port C. Group B consisting of port B and lower part of port C. Eight data lines (D0–D7) are available (with an 8-bit data buffer) to read/write data into the ports or control register under the status of the RD (pin 5) and WR (pin 36), which are active-low signals for read and write operations respectively. Address lines A1 and A0 allow to access a data register for each port or a control register, as listed below: {\|class=wikitable style="text-align:center" \|- !style="width:25px"\|A1 !style="width:25px"\|A0 !Port selected \|- \|0\|\|0\|\|port A \|- \|0\|\|1\|\|port B \|- \|1\|\|0\|\|port C \|- \|1\|\|1\|\|control register \|} The control signal chip select CS (pin 6) is used to enable the 8255 chip. It is an active-low signal, i.e., when CS = 0, the 8255 is enabled. The RESET input (pin 35) is connected to the RESET line of system like 8085, 8086, etc., so that when the system is reset, all the ports are initialized as input lines. This is done to prevent 8255 and/or any peripheral connected to it from being destroyed due to mismatch of ports. As an example, consider an input device connected to 8255 at port A. If from the previous operation, port A is initialized as an output port and if 8255 is not reset before using the current configuration, then there is a possibility of damage of either the input device connected or 8255 or both, since both 8255 and the device connected will be sending out data. The control register (or the control logic, or the command word register) is an 8-bit register used to select the modes of operation and input/output designation of the ports. Operational modes of 8255 There are two basic operational modes of 8255: Bit Set/Reset mode (BSR mode). Input/Output mode (I/O mode). The two modes are selected on the basis of the value present at the D7 bit of the control word register. When D7 = 1, 8255 operates in I/O mode, and when D7 = 0, it operates in the BSR mode. Bit Set/Reset (BSR) mode The Bit Set/Reset (BSR) mode is available on port C only. Each line of port C (PC7 - PC0) can be set or reset by writing a suitable value to the control word register. BSR mode and I/O mode are independent and selection of BSR mode does not affect the operation of other ports in I/O mode. D7 bit is always 0 for BSR mode. Bits D6, D5 and D4 are don't care bits. Bits D3, D2 and D1 are used to select the pin of Port C. Bit D0 is used to set/reset the selected pin of Port C. Selection of port C pin is determined as follows: As an example, if it is needed that PC5 be set, then in the control word, Since it is BSR mode, D7 = '0'. Since D4, D5, D6 are not used, assume them to be '0'. PC5 has to be selected, hence, D3 = '1', D2 = '0', D1 = '1'. PC5 has to be set, hence, D0 = '1'. Thus, as per the above values, 0B (Hex) will be loaded into the Control Word Register (CWR). Input/Output mode This mode is selected when D7 bit of the Control Word Register is 1. There are three I/O modes: Mode 0 - Simple I/O Mode 1 - Strobed I/O Mode 2 - Strobed Bi-directional I/O Control Word format D0, D1, D3, D4 are assigned for port C lower, port B, port C upper and port A respectively. When these bits are 1, the corresponding port acts as an input port. For e.g., if D0 = D4 = 1, then lower port C and port A act as input ports. If these bits are 0, then the corresponding port acts as an output port. For e.g., if D1 = D3 = 0, then port B and upper port C act as output ports. D2 is used for mode selection of Group B (port B and lower port C). When D2 = 0, mode 0 is selected and when D2 = 1, mode 1 is selected. D5 & D6 are used for mode selection of Group A ( port A and upper port C). The selection is done as follows: As it is I/O mode, D7 = 1. For example, if port B and upper port C have to be initialized as input ports and lower port C and port A as output ports (all in mode 0): Since it is an I/O mode, D7 = 1. Mode selection bits, D2, D5, D6 are all 0 for mode 0 operation. Port B and upper port C should operate as Input ports, hence, D1 = D3 = 1. Port A and lower port C should operate as Output ports, hence, D4 = D0 = 0. Hence, for the desired operation, the control word register will have to be loaded with "10001010" = 8A (hex). Mode 0 - simple I/O In this mode, the ports can be used for simple I/O operations without handshaking signals. Port A, port B provide simple I/O operation. The two halves of port C can be either used together as an additional 8-bit port, or they can be used as individual 4-bit ports. Since the two halves of port C are independent, they may be used such that one-half is initialized as an input port while the other half is initialized as an output port. The input/output features in mode 0 are as follows: Output ports are latched. Input ports are buffered, not latched. Ports do not have handshake or interrupt capability. With 4 ports, 16 different combinations of I/O are possible. 'Latched' means the bits are put into a storage register (array of flip-flops) which holds its output constant even if the inputs change after being latched. The 8255's outputs are latched to hold the last data written to them. This is required because the data only stays on the bus for one cycle. So, without latching, the outputs would become invalid as soon as the write cycle finishes. The inputs are not latched because the CPU only has to read their current values, then store the data in a CPU register or memory if it needs to be referenced at a later time. If an input changes while the port is being read then the result may be indeterminate. Mode 0 – input mode In the input mode, the 8255 gets data from the external peripheral ports and the CPU reads the received data via its data bus. The CPU first selects the 8255 chip by making CS low. Then it selects the desired port using A0 and A1 lines. The CPU then issues an RD signal to read the data from the external peripheral device via the system data bus. Mode 0 - output mode In the output mode, the CPU sends data to 8255 via system data bus and then the external peripheral ports receive this data via 8255 port. CPU first selects the 8255 chip by making CS low. It then selects the desired port using A0 and A1 lines. CPU then issues a WR signal to write data to the selected port via the system data bus. This data is then received by the external peripheral device connected to the selected port. Mode 1 - Strobed Input/output mode When we wish to use port A or port B for handshake (strobed) input or output operation, we initialise that port in mode 1 (port A and port B can be initialised to operate in different modes, i.e., for e.g., port A can operate in mode 0 and port B in mode 1). Some of the pins of port C function as handshake lines. For port B in this mode (irrespective of whether is acting as an input port or output port), PC0, PC1 and PC2 pins function as handshake lines. If port A is initialised as mode 1 input port, then, PC3, PC4 and PC5 function as handshake signals. Pins PC6 and PC7 are available for use as input/output lines. The mode 1 which supports handshaking has following features: Two ports i.e. port A and B can be used as 8-bit i/o ports. Each port uses three lines of port c as handshake signal and remaining two signals can be used as i/o ports. Interrupt logic is supported. Input and Output data are latched. Input Handshaking signals 1. IBF (Input Buffer Full) - It is an output indicating that the input latch contains information. 2. STB (Strobed Input) - The strobe input loads data into the port latch, which holds the information until it is input to the microprocessor via the IN instruction. 3. INTR (Interrupt request) - It is an output that requests an interrupt. The INTR pin becomes a logic 1 when the STB input returns to a logic 1, and is cleared when the data are input from the port by the microprocessor. 4. INTE (Interrupt enable) - It is neither an input nor an output; it is an internal bit programmed via the port PC4(port A) or PC2(port B) bit position. Output Handshaking signals 1. OBF (Output Buffer Full) - It is an output that goes low whenever data are output(OUT) to the port A or port B latch. This signal is set to a logic 1 whenever the ACK pulse returns from the external device. 2. ACK (Acknowledge)-It causes the OBF pin to return to a logic 1 level. The ACK signal is a response from an external device, indicating that it has received the data from the 82C55A port. 3. INTR (Interrupt request) - It is a signal that often interrupts the microprocessor when the external device receives the data via the signal. this pin is qualified by the internal INTE(interrupt enable) bit. 4. INTE (Interrupt enable) - It is neither an input nor an output; it is an internal bit programmed to enable or disable the INTR pin. The INTE A bit is programmed using the PC6 bit and INTE B is programmed using the PC2 bit. Mode 2 - Strobed Bidirectional Input/Output mode Only port A can be initialized in this mode. Port A can be used for bidirectional handshake data transfer. This means that data can be input or output on the same eight lines (PA0 - PA7). Pins PC3 - PC7 are used as handshake lines for port A. The remaining pins of port C (PC0 - PC2) can be used as input/output lines if group B is initialized in mode 0 or as handshaking for port B if group B is initialized in mode 1. In this mode, the 8255 may be used to extend the system bus to a slave microprocessor or to transfer data bytes to and from a floppy disk controller. Acknowledgement and handshaking signals are provided to maintain proper data flow and synchronisation between the data transmitter and receiver. References External links drew.hickmans.net, Complete Description about the Intel 8255 IC ic-on-line.cn, Datasheet sharpmz.org, functions overview intel-assembler.it, Programming technical details and coding example bitsavers.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de, Intel 8080 Microcomputer Systems User's Manual (September 1975). Includes 8255 chip. Category:Intel chipsets Category:IBM PC compatibles Category:Input/output integrated circuits	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Rionegro (TransMilenio) The simple station Rionegro is part of the TransMilenio mass-transit system of Bogotá, Colombia, which opened in the year 2000. Location The station is located in northwestern Bogotá, specifically on Avenida Suba with Calle 91. It serves the Rionegro and La Castellana neighborhoods. History In 2006, phase two of the TransMilenio system was completed, including the Avenida Suba line, on which this station is located. The station is named Rionegro, as it is located two blocks from the location where Avenida Suba crosses the Rionegro canal, which runs west of the Juan Amarillo River. The canal runs from the east, from the El Virrey channel through El Virrey park. The neighborhood located to the west of the station takes the same name; Rionegro. Station services Main line service Feeder routes This station does not have connections to feeder routes. Inter-city service This station does not have inter-city service. External links TransMilenio See also Bogotá TransMilenio List of TransMilenio Stations Category:TransMilenio	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Ben Kusto Ben Kusto (born 23 February 1976) is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1990s and 2000s. Playing career Kusto started his career off with St. George where he played for 3 seasons before moving to Parramatta. Kusto played in St. George's final game before they formed a joint venture with the Illawarra Steelers to become St. George Illawarra. A semi-final loss to Canterbury-Bankstown at Kogarah Oval. Kusto spent two seasons at Parramatta and was part of the 2000 Parramatta side which the media dubbed "The Baby Eels". Kusto left Parramatta at the end of the 2000 NRL season to join English side Huddersfield. Kusto was part of the Huddersfield side which were relegated from the Super League. Kusto then signed a contract to rejoin Parramatta. At the end of the 2002 NRL season, Kusto was released by the club. References Category:Living people Category:Rugby league halfbacks Category:Australian rugby league players Category:St. George Dragons players Category:Parramatta Eels players Category:Huddersfield Giants players Category:1976 births Category:Place of birth missing (living people)	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
33rd Filmfare Awards The 33rd Filmfare Awards were held in 1986, in Mumbai, India. Ram Teri Ganga Maili, Raj Kapoor's last film before his death, was the big winner on the night Main awards Best Film Ram Teri Ganga Maili Arjun Ghulami Meri Jung Saagar Tawaif Best Director Raj Kapoor – Ram Teri Ganga Maili Mahesh Bhatt – Janam Rahul Rawail – Arjun Ramesh Sippy – Saagar Best Actor Kamal Haasan – Saagar Amitabh Bachchan – Mard Anil Kapoor – Meri Jung Kumar Gaurav – Janam Rishi Kapoor – Tawaif Best Actress Dimple Kapadia – Saagar Jaya Prada – Sanjog Mandakini – Ram Teri Ganga Maili Padmini Kolhapure – Pyaar Jhukta Nahin Rati Agnihotri – Tawaif Best Supporting Actor Amrish Puri – Meri Jung Anupam Kher – Janam Kamal Haasan – Saagar Kulbhushan Kharbanda – Ghulami Saeed Jaffrey – Ram Teri Ganga Maili Utpal Dutt – Saaheb Best Supporting Actress Nutan – Meri Jung Anita Kanwar – Janam Madhur Jaffrey – Saagar Raakhee – Saaheb Sushma Seth – Tawaif Tanvi Azmi – Pyari Behna Best Comic Actor Amjad Khan – Maa Kasam Amjad Khan – Utsav Annu Kapoor – Utsav Deven Verma – Saaheb Kader Khan – Aaj Ka Daur Best Story Tawaif – Dr. Aleem Masroor Ankahee- C. T. Khanolkar Arjun – Javed Akhtar Janam – Mahesh Bhatt Ram Teri Ganga Maili – K.K. Singh Saaheb – Rajan Roy Best Screenplay Paar – Goutam Ghose and Partho Mukherjee Best Dialogue Tawaif – Rahi Masoom Raza Best Music Ram Teri Ganga Maili – Ravindra Jain Meri Jung – Laxmikant-Pyarelal Pyaar Jhukta Nahin – Laxmikant-Pyarelal Saagar – R.D. Burman Sur Sangam – Laxmikant-Pyarelal Best Lyrics Utsav – Vasant Dev for Dil Kyun Behqa Meri Jung – Anand Bakshi for Zindagi Har Kadam Ram Teri Ganga Maili – Hasrat Jaipuri for Sun Sahiba Sun Saagar – Javed Akhtar for Saagar Kinare Saaheb – Anjaan for Yaar Bina Chein Tawaif – Hasan Kamal for Bohat Dair Se Best Playback Singer, Male Saagar – Kishore Kumar for Saagar Kinare Pyaar Jhukta Nahin – Shabbir Kumar for Tum Se Mil Kar Na Jaane Kyun Ram Teri Ganga Maili – Suresh Wadkar for Main Hi Main Hoon Best Playback Singer, Female Utsav – Anuradha Paudwal for Mere Mann Bajo Mridang Pyaar Jhukta Nahin – Kavita Krishnamurthy for Tum Se Mil Kar Na Jaane Kyun Saaheb – S. Janaki for Yaar Bina Chein Best Art Direction Ram Teri Ganga Maili Best cinematography Saagar Best Editing Ram Teri Ganga Maili Best Sound Shiva Ka Insaaf Critics' awards Best Film Aaghat Best Documentary Bombay Our City Most Wins Ram Teri Ganga Maili – 5/10 'Saagar – 4/10Tawaif – 3/6Utsav – 2/4Meri Jung – 2/6'' References https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0000245/1986/ See also 32nd Filmfare Awards 34th Filmfare Awards Filmfare Awards Category:Filmfare Awards Filmfare	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Penguins (film) Penguins is a 2019 American nature documentary film directed by Alastair Fothergill and Jeff Wilson. The coming-of-age story follows an Adélie penguin named Steve, who joins fellow males in the icy Antarctic spring on a quest to build a suitable nest, find a life partner and start a family. The American release of the film is narrated by Ed Helms. Produced by Disneynature, the film was released in the United States on April 17, 2019, five days before Earth Day. It is the fifteenth nature documentary to be released by Disney under the Disneynature label. The film received positive reviews from critics, who singled out the "beautiful cinematography". Plot In Antartica, Steve, an Adelie Penguin is preparing to start a family, he tries all day to impress a mate, but fails. as he is ready to give up, he meets Adeline, a penguin who didn't find a mate yet. Together, they start to love each other. Sometime later, Adeline has two eggs. Steve goes off with the other males to look for fish, while Adeline huddles in her eggs in a rock nest. Later, as the other males head back to the colony, Steve, who didn't realized he was the only one left, is still looking for fish. He is chased out by a Killer Whale, and luckily he escapes. As he makes his way back. a blizzard covers the colony, including Adeline and the eggs, they, along with Steve, who was still in the cold, survived. As time passes, the eggs hatch into chicks, and Steve is excited by his new children. But when it's Adeline's turn to go fishing, the chicks want food. Steve has no idea what he is doing. As the chicks grow, one of them is bullied by a Skua, who it along with others, are out searching for food to feed their chicks, Steve comes to the rescue. and it flies off, Steve has food in his belly, which makes the chicks chase him, finally. Steve feeds the chicks (which one of them barfs). As the months go by, the family is hunted by a Leopard Seal, one of the chicks play dead and is lucky, the seal leaves, and the family reunites, the family goes their separate ways. The chicks start a new life with the others, Adeline bids farewell to Steve till the next year goes by, and Steve takes a walk in the Antarctic beach, congratulating himself for his first year of being a father. Release The film was released in the United States on April 17, 2019. Reception Box office In the United States and Canada, Penguins was released alongside Breakthrough, and was projected to gross $5–7 million from 1,800 theaters in its five-day opening weekend. The film made $503,000 on its first day and $456,000 on its second. The film ended up underperforming, grossing just $2.3 million in its opening weekend (and a total $3.3 million over the five days), finishing outside the top 10. In its second weekend the film fell 50% to $1.1 million, finishing 10th. Critical response On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 91% based on 57 reviews, with an average rating of 7.06/10. The website's critical consensus reads, "Disneynature: Penguins plays up its subjects' adorable appeal with a beautifully filmed documentary that adds plenty of anthropomorphic entertainment value for young viewers." On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 68 out of 100, based on 17 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A" on an A+ to F scale, while those at PostTrak gave it an overall positive score of 78% and a "definite recommend" of 52%. Varietys Courtney Howard called Penguins a "sweet, sentimental Earth Day documentary" and wrote "Instead of bombarding the audience with factoids and heavy scientific terminology, it lets a poignant narrative unspool — one with an engaging, highly accessible and hugely entertaining underdog hero's journey." References External links Category:Disneynature films Category:American documentary films Category:Films directed by Alastair Fothergill Category:2019 films Category:Films about penguins Category:Films set in Antarctica Category:American films	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Lombimaa Lombimaa is a small islet in the Baltic Sea belonging to the country of Estonia. Lombimaa is part of the Vesitükimaa islets, made up of several islets in Saaremaa Parish, Saare County in the southern part of the Sõrve Peninsula off the southeastern coast of the island of Saaremaa. The Vesitükimaa islets include, Pitkasääremaa, Vesitükimaa islet, Siiasaar and Lombimaa. The area was placed under protection in 1971 as the Vesitükimaa Islets Sanctuary (Estonian: Vesitükimaa laidude kaitseala). The area of land of the sanctuary is made up of 10.8 hectares and the area of water in within the sanctuary has an area of 149.7 hectares; a total of 160.5 ha. Lombimaa has a length of 1.17 kilometres. Lombimaa and the other islets in the sanctuary are an important breeding and nesting ground for waterfowl and migratory sea birds, as well as a breeding ground for grey seals (Halichoerus grypus). The area is off limits to visitors during the nesting season, from April 1 to July 1. References Sources See also List of islands of Estonia Category:Estonian islands in the Baltic Category:Saaremaa Parish	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Tredje gången gillt Tredje gången gillt is a song written by Lasse Westmann, Lennart Sjöholm and Jacob Dahlin, and originally performed by Christer Sjögren, Annika Hagström and Jacob Dahlin. The song was also included on Vikingarna's 1988 album "Kramgoa låtar 16". The song charted at Svensktoppen for nine weeks during the period of 8 May-11 September, peaking at second position. The song has also been recorded by Canyons orkester and Kjelleriks, on the album 88 1988 respective Dansvänliga låtar 2 1989. Jontez recorded the song on 2008 album Om du vill så ska jag gå. References Category:1988 singles Category:Swedish-language songs Category:Vikingarna (band) songs Category:1988 songs	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Ramesh Prasad Khatik Ramesh Prasad Khatik'' also known as Ramesh Khatik' is an Indian politician and a member of the Legislative Assembly of Madhya Pradesh representing the Karera constituency and is a member of the Bhartiya Janata Party. Early life and education Ramesh completed 12th class Madhyamik Education, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh in 1986 Political career Ramesh Prasad Khatik''' is an Indian politician and a member of the Legislative Assembly of India representing the Karera constituency of Madhya Pradesh and is a member of the Bhartiya Janata Party References Category:1969 births Category:Living people	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
List of rulers of Moldavia This is a List of rulers of Moldavia, from the first mention of the medieval polity east of the Carpathians and until its disestablishment in 1862, when it united with Wallachia, the other Danubian Principality, to form the modern-day state of Romania. Notes Dynastic rule is hard to ascribe, given the loose traditional definition of the ruling family (on principle, princes were chosen from any branch, including a previous ruler's bastard sons – being defined as os de domn – "of Voivode marrow", or as having hereghie – "heredity" (from the Latin hereditas); the institutions charged with the election, dominated by the boyars, had fluctuating degrees of influence). The system itself was challenged by usurpers, and became obsolete with the Phanariote epoch, when rulers were appointed by the Ottoman Sultans. Between 1821 and 1862, various systems combining election and appointment were put in practice. Moldavian rulers, like Wallachian and other Eastern European rulers, bore the titles of Voivode or/and Hospodar (when writing in Romanian, the term Domn (from the Latin dominus) was used). Most rulers did not use the form of the name they are cited with, and several used more than one form of their own name; in some cases, the ruler was only mentioned in foreign sources. The full names are either modern versions or ones based on mentions in various chronicles. The list is brought up to date for the first rulers, following the documented studies of Ștefan S. Gorovei and Constantin Rezachevici. List Princes of Moldavia House of Dragoș House of Bogdan-Mușat Houses of Basarab (Drăculeşti line) and Bogdan-Muşat Houses of Basarab (Drăculești line) and Movilești Various dynasties Phanariotes (1711–1821) References Constantin Rezachevici - Cronologia critică a domnilor din Țara Românească și Moldova a. 1324 - 1881, Volumul I, Editura Enciclopedică, 2001, Rulers of Moldavia Moldavian rulers Moldavian rulers Moldavia	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Angicos Angicos is a municipality in the state of Rio Grande do Norte in the Northeast region of Brazil. See also List of municipalities in Rio Grande do Norte References Category:Municipalities in Rio Grande do Norte	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Andrei Glavina Andrei Glavina (30 November 1881 – 9 February 1925) was an Austro-Hungarian-born Istro-Romanian writer, professor and politician born in Šušnjevica. Known as the "Apostle of the Istro-Romanians", he is recognized for his struggle for the Istro-Romanian culture and language, being notable his book Calindaru lu rumeri din Istrie, the first in history written in this language in collaboration with Constantin Diculescu. He also managed to the creation of an Istro-Romanian municipality in 1922 being he the first mayor, giving classes in Istro-Romanian in the only school of the municipality. Glavina was born in 1881 in the village of Šušnjevica. At age 12, he was taken to Romania by the Romanian ethnographer and folklorist Teodor Burada to be educated at the Alexandru Ioan Cuza University in Iași. Then he would return to Istria to teach in two other villages until the opening of the first school in Šušnjevica by Italy just after the end of the World War I. Biography Andrei Glavina was born in 30 November 1881 in the village of Frascati-Susgnevizza (now Šušnjevica), at the moment part of the municipality of Bogliuno (now Boljun). Teodor Burada, a Romanian ethnographer and folklorist that visited the region of Ćićarija to study the Istro-Romanian language, meet the 12-year-old Glavina in 1893. He was convinced that he could save the fates of the Istro-Romanians, so, with the permission of his parents, Teodor took Glavina to Romania to study in the University of Iași. He passed his studies even after not going to school for a while. At the beginning of the 20th century, Glavina returned to Istria as a qualified teacher of the Romanian and Italian languages to teach at secondary schools, first in Parenzo (now Poreč) and then in Santa Domenica d'Albona (now Sveta Nedelja), where he remained until 1918. In 1905, he published the first book written entirely in the Istro-Romanian language alongside the Romanian historian Constantin Diculescu, Calindaru lu rumeri din Istrie, in which Istro-Romanian popular words, proverbs and stories are compiled. Later, in 1920, he published the historical-political text I romeni dell'Istria and L'educazione nazionale, a magazine about the bilingual education of the Italian-Romanian schools. His last works were collected in Promemoria e lettere by his spouse, Fiorella Zagabria. Glavina died in 9 February 1925 due to tuberculosis in a hospital in Pula. Adult life Scholar life Glavina wanted to awaken the identity of the other Istro-Romanians and transmit his language and culture to them. Therefore, he struggled unsuccessfully for the severely deficient education of the Istro-Romanians, despite having the support of some Istro-Romanians and having addressed the Romanian professor Alexiu Viciu with the intention that Romania pressured the Austria-Hungarian Empire to establish a Romanian school for the Istro-Romanians. Later, Glavina would go to the only Istro-Romanian village outside of Ćićarija, Žejane, to find out if they also wanted a Romanian school and to get Romania to support the project. However, Austria-Hungary, partly due to the Croatian pressure, remained firm in its decision, so Glavina had to limit himself to advertising campaigns in local and national newspapers and failed contacts with deputies of the empire. However, after World War I, when Istria was annexed by the Kingdom of Italy, Glavina made the same petiton again. The school of Frascati-Susgnevizza was immediately opened with Glavina as its leader. To celebrate it, Glavina wrote a patriotic anthem for the Istro-Romanians, Imnul istro-romanilor. The popularity among the children of the school began to grow to the point that between 1919 and 1920, there were 180 students, later extending to a total of 443. Although the classes were given in Istro-Romanian, the textbooks were in Italian and later in Romanian. Nevertheless, after his death, the Romanian school was replaced by an Italian one. Due to his efforts to preserve the culture of his people, Glavina is commonly called as the "Apostle of the Istro-Romanians". Political life At the same time, Glavina aimed to unify the Istro-Romanian villages in one single municipality south of the Učka mountain range, as the economic and social conditions there were bad. Although Austra-Hungary always opposed the project, Italy took it into consideration. Finally, it was approved by the Provincial Council and the municipality of Valdarsa was created in 19 January 1922, of which Glavina was its first mayor. After being named mayor, Glavina worked on the economic conditions of the municipality and planned the construction of a larger school, a road to connect with the Adriatic coast, a post office and a telegraph, among others. However, his greatest ambitions were to recover the Raša River basin (although this was previously proposed by Venice and Austria), which was completed in 1932, and the exploitation of a nearby semi-abandoned coal mine. By the time these projects were completed, Glavina had already passed away. He was succeeded as mayor by a local, Francesco Bellulovich. References External links Andrei Glavina. istrianet.org Category:1881 births Category:1925 deaths Glavina Glavina Glavina Glavina Glavina	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Dionisio Carreras Dionisio Carreras (9 October 1890 – 16 July 1949) was a Spanish long-distance runner. He competed in the marathon at the 1924 Summer Olympics. References Category:1890 births Category:1949 deaths Category:Athletes (track and field) at the 1924 Summer Olympics Category:Spanish male long-distance runners Category:Spanish male marathon runners Category:Olympic athletes of Spain Category:Sportspeople from Zaragoza	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Chen Heng REDIRECT List of fictional people of the Three Kingdoms#Chapter 15	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Halid 08 Halid 08 is the sixteenth album of Bosnian singer Halid Bešlić. It was released in 2007. Track listing Miljacka Čardak Ljut na tebe (Angry at You) Ne traži me (Do Not Look for Me, featuring Fabrizio) Snježana Dvadesete (Twenties) Budna si (You're Awake) Nije ljubav vino (Love is Not Wine) Ljubičica (Violet) Ulica uzdaha (Street of Sighs, featuring Luna) References Category:Halid Bešlić albums Category:2007 albums Category:Hayat Production albums	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
National Register of Historic Places listings in Erath County, Texas This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Erath County, Texas. This is intended to be a complete list of properties and districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Erath County, Texas. There are one district and five individual properties listed on the National Register in the county. Four properties are also Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks including one State Antiquities Landmark. Current listings The locations of National Register properties and districts may be seen in a mapping service provided. \|} See also National Register of Historic Places listings in Texas Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks in Erath County References External links Category:Erath County, Texas Erath County *	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Vladlen Babayev Vladlen Igorevich Babayev (; born 16 October 1996) is a Russian football player. He plays for FC Volgar Astrakhan. Club career He made his debut in the Russian Football National League for FC Volgar Astrakhan on 15 July 2017 in a game against FC Rotor Volgograd. References External links Profile by Russian Football National League Category:1996 births Category:Sportspeople from Volgograd Category:Living people Category:Russian footballers Category:Association football midfielders Category:Russia youth international footballers Category:FC Volgar Astrakhan players Category:FC Spartak Moscow players	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Ivan Herceg (actor) Ivan Herceg (born 2 November 1981) is a Croatian actor. Filmography Television roles Movie roles External links Notes Category:1981 births Category:Living people Category:21st-century Croatian male actors Category:Croatian male stage actors Category:Croatian male film actors Category:Croatian male television actors Category:Male actors from Zagreb	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Hop Brook Valley The Hop Brook Valley (also known as the Tyringham Valley) is a valley in southeastern Berkshire County, Massachusetts. The valley lies predominantly in the town of Tyringham, Massachusetts, although a good portion of it is located in the neighboring town of Lee. Because of its rural location, scenic views, and variety of hiking trails, it is considered as a destination for travellers of the region. Geography The valley floor at an elevation of about above sea level. With the mountains (part of the Berkshire Hills) surrounding it rising to elevations between in elevation. In the center of The Hop Brook Valley lies Hop Brook, a small stream that feeds into the Housatonic River where the Hop Brook Valley meets the Housatonic River Valley. Jerusalem Road traverses along the escarpment on the south side of the valley. Some notable peaks rising above this side of the valley include side include Sky Hill, Beartown Mountain, and Mount Wilcox. All of these mountains are part of the Beartown State Forest, which lies just to the south of the valley. To the north of the valley, lies the peak of Mount Baldy, as well as several other mountains in the area that form a plateau extending northward beyond the valley to Route 90. On this plateau lies Goose Pond, the most elevated body of freshwater in the state. Below this plateau, Main Road, which turns into Tyringham Road when it enters the town of Tyringham, Massachusetts runs parallel to Jerusalem Road, but on the north side of the valley. The small and quaint downtown area of Tyringham, Massachusetts is situated where this road merges with Jerusalem Road at the southeast end of the valley (Jerusalem turns northwards here). Just south of this intersection, in the center of the valley, lies the Tyringham Cobble one of the most notably shaped and prominent physical features of the area. The valley is a popular hiking destination because it is crossed (north to south) by the Appalachian Trail. References Category:Landforms of Berkshire County, Massachusetts Category:Valleys of Massachusetts Category:Tyringham, Massachusetts	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Gurdas Maan Gurdas Maan (born 4 January 1957) is an Indian singer, songwriter, choreographer and actor mainly associated with Punjabi language music and films. He gained national attention in 1980 with the song "Dil Da Mamla Hai". Since then, he has gone on to record over 34 albums and has written over 305 songs. In 2013 he announced the launch of his YouTube channel to stay connected with his fans via video blogs and old as well as new music videos. In 2015 he performed on the song "Ki Banu Dunia Da" with Diljit Dosanjh in MTV Coke studio India that was aired in season 4 episode 5 (16 August 2015) on MTV India. Early life Maan was born to Gurdev Singh and Tej Kaur in Giddarbaha, Punjab and is a native of the town. He did his initial schooling from Giddarbaha. He was interested in music and mimicry since childhood. Career Awards and honours Maan is the only Punjabi singer to win the national award for Best Male Playback Singer at 54th National Film Awards for building the entire narrative through his singing of Heer in Waris Shah: Ishq Daa Waaris. Maan shot to fame with his hit song "Dil Da Mamla Hai." Soon after that came "Mamla Gadbad Hai" and "Chhalla", the latter being the hit film song from the Punjabi film 'Laung Da Lishkara' (1986), which Maan recorded under the music direction of legendary Jagjit Singh. On other fronts, Maan has starred in blockbuster Bollywood films and has received numerous awards, including the Jury's Award, presented to him by the president of India in 2005. He also sang the popular track, Ki Banu Duniya Da on Coke Studio MTV Season 4 with singer Diljit Dosanjh. The song released on 15 August 2015 and hit more than 32 million views on YouTube in one week. In 2009 he won "Best International Album" at the UK Asian Music Awards for Boot Polishan. Film Aside from singing in Punjabi, he is fluent in Hindi, Bengali, Tamil, Haryanvi and Rajasthani. As an actor, he has performed in Punjabi, Hindi and Tamil movies, but he is best known for his starring role in Waris Shah: Ishq Daa Waaris, a depiction of the Punjabi poet Waris Shah during the creation of his epic poem Heer Ranjha, again co-starring Juhi Chawla and Divya Dutta. He made a special appearance in Veer-Zaara with Shah Rukh Khan and Preity Zinta. Personal life He is married to Manjeet Maan. They have a son, Gurikk Maan At a village near Karnal, Haryana, India on 20 January 2007 Maan was involved in a car accident in which his Range Rover was hit and severely damaged by a truck. Maan escaped with minor injuries on his face, hands, and chest. His driver Ganesh was injured seriously but recovered soon after. This was the second car accident of two that Gurdas Maan was involved in. The first accident was a head-on collision between Maan's vehicle and a truck on 9 January 2001 at a village near Rupnagar, Punjab. In this accident Maan's driver Tejpal died. Maan later admitted that his driver asked him to wear his seat belt minutes before the accident. Maan believes that if it had not been for his driver's advice, he would have been dead as well. Later he wrote and performed a song "Baithi sade naal savari utter gayi" dedicated to his driver, who was also his good friend. In a newspaper interview Maan revealed to the Express & Star, that he is an avid supporter of Manchester United football club. His mother, Tej Kaur, died in 2016. Discography Albums Duo Collaboration Filmography References External links Category:Living people Category:1957 births Category:Bhangra (music) musicians Category:Punjabi-language singers Category:Punjabi-language lyricists Category:Singers from Punjab, India Category:Male artists from Punjab, India Category:Male actors from Punjab, India Category:Male actors in Punjabi cinema Category:Male actors in Tamil cinema Category:Male actors in Hindi cinema Category:21st-century Indian male actors Category:20th-century Indian male actors Category:Best Male Playback Singer National Film Award winners Category:Special Mention (feature film) National Film Award winners	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
José González Joly José del Carmen González Joly (born 5 May 1991) is a Panamanian footballer currently playing for Unión Comercio in Peru. In May 2018 he was named in Panama’s preliminary 35 man squad for the 2018 World Cup in Russia. However, he did not make the final 23. References External links Category:1991 births Category:Living people Category:Panamanian footballers Category:Sportspeople from Colón, Panama Category:Panamanian expatriate footballers Category:Expatriate footballers in Peru Category:C.D. Árabe Unido players Category:Unión Comercio footballers Category:Panama international footballers Category:2017 Copa Centroamericana players Category:Association football midfielders Category:Liga Panameña de Fútbol players	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Antenor (writer) Antenor () was a Greek writer of uncertain date, wrote a work upon the history of Crete, which on account of its excellence was called Delta (Δέλτα), inasmuch as, says Ptolemy Hephaestion, the Cretans called that which is good Delton (Δέλτον). Notes Category:Ancient Greek historians Category:History of Crete	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Harley-Davidson RL 45 The Harley-Davidson RL 45 is a model of the R-series range produced from 1932 to 1936, preceded by the DL range (1929-1931), which was Harley-Davidson's first 45 cubic-inch and first flathead V-twin motorcycle, and succeeded in 1937 by the WL. The R-series range included 45-solo, R, RL and RLD models. The RL, like the DL before it, featured a total-loss oiling system; the following WL had a recirculating oil system. Despite being launched in the middle of the Great Depression, when Harley-Davidson's sales were at a twenty-year low, the RL continued in production, helping Harley-Davidson to become one of only two American motorcycle manufacturers to survive the Depression. Influenced by the way in which the automobile industry had used Art Deco stylings, Harley featured a stylised Art Deco style image on the motorcycle's fuel tank. Harley offered a competition-bred RLDR 45, and also produced a three-wheel Servi-Car (or 'Service-Car') model. Prior to the Second World War, Harley's RL Sports model and Servi-Car were produced in Japan under license to the company Rikuo (Rikuo Internal Combustion Company) Production continued until 1958. A red 1934 RL45 was owned by Hollywood star Clark Gable. References RL 45 Category:Motorcycles introduced in the 1930s	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Southern Africa Social Forum The Southern African Social Forum(SASF) was a Social Forum conference held in a different Southern Africa county each year. It is organised in the spirit of the World Social Forum but is not organized by the WSF Secretariat or the International Council The SASF emerged from the Africa Social Forum (ASF) which was held in Mali in 2001 and Ethiopia in 2002. At the Ethiopia ASF it was agreed in Forums needed to be organised on a more local level. Amongst other things this was to overcome problems of prohibitive transport costs. 2003 The 2003 SASF was held on the 9–12 November 2003 in Lusaka Zambia under the banner “Another Southern Africa is Possible”. Approximately 400 people participated. At the forum motions were passed stating that The Forum "the globalisation process, dominated by the giant transnational corporations from the North, is impacting negatively on the people [of Southern Africa]" and that the New Economic Plan for African Development (NEPAD) should be rejected "as an expression of support by certain leaders of our continent for the world’s elite at the expense of the majority". 2005 The 2005 SASF took place in Harare Zimbabwe. It had the largest participation so far with around 4,000 people taking part. Participants came from South Africa, Botswana, Mozambique, Malawi, Lesotho, Swaziland and Zimbabwe The event organisers had been put under pressure from the Zimbabwean police who warned speakers that any criticism of Robert Mugabe would lead to the event being closed down. But by the end of the meeting, buoyed by the size of the participation, speakers were denouncing Mugabe. According to Charie Kimber, writing in the Socialist Worker "Half of the watching police were nodding along in agreement". The speakers at the event were critical of Capitalism itself as well as of the region’s governments. One popular chant was "phansi capitalism" (down with capitalism) and "viva socialism". References ANOTHER SOUTHERN AFRICA IS POSSIBLE!, Globalise Resistance article on 2003 SASF Trumpet of liberation sounds out in Africa, Socialist Worker article on 2005 SASF. External links SASF Home page Category:Politics of Africa Category:Social forums	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Sister church Sister churches is a term used in 20th-century ecclesiology to describe ecumenical relations between the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Churches, and more rarely and unofficially, between the Roman Catholic Church and the Anglican communion. The term is also used among Protestants to refer to different denominations of the same religious tradition. Use in the 12th century The expression, allegedly in use among the Orthodox since the fifth century among the "patriarchal sister Churches", appeared in written form in two letters of the Metropolitan Nicetas of Nicomedia (1136) and the Patriarch John Camaterus (in office from 1198 to 1206), in which they protested that Rome, by presenting herself as mother and teacher, would annul their authority. In their view, Rome was only the first among sister churches of equal dignity, see first among equals. According to this idea of Pentarchy, there are five Patriarchs at the head of the Church, with the Church of Rome having the first place of honor among these patriarchal sister churches. According to the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, however, no Roman pontiff ever recognised this Orthodox equalization of the sees or accepted that only a primacy of honor be accorded to the See of Rome. Second Vatican Council In modern times, the expression "sister Churches" first appeared in John XXIII's letters to the Orthodox Patriarch of Constantinople, Athenagoras I. In his letters, the pope expressed the hope of seeing the unity between the sister churches re-established in the near future. Later the term appeared in a "Joint Declaration" between Pope Paul VI and Patriarch Athenagoras in 1965, representing their respective sees, Rome and Constantinople, respectively. The Second Vatican Council adopted the expression "sister Churches" to describe the relationship between particular Churches: "in the East there flourish many particular local Churches; among them the patriarchal Churches hold first place, and of these, many glory in taking their origins from the apostles themselves. Therefore, there prevailed and still prevails among Eastern Christians an eager desire to perpetuate in a communion of faith and charity those family ties which ought to exist between local Churches, as between sisters." The first papal document in which the term "sister churches" is applied to the Churches is the apostolic brief, "Anno ineunte," of Paul VI to the Patriarch Athenagoras I. After having indicated his willingness to do everything possible to "re-establish full communion between the Church of the West and that of the East", the Pope asked: "Since this mystery of divine love is at work in every local Church, is not this the reason for the traditional expression 'sister Churches', which the Churches of various places used for one another?" John Paul II Recently, John Paul II often used the term, especially in three principal documents: The encyclical Slavorum Apostoli, in which he states the following: "For us they [Cyril and Methodius] are the champions and also the patrons of the ecumenical endeavour of the sister Churches of East and West, for the rediscovery through prayer and dialogue of visible unity in perfect and total communion"; In a letter (dated 1999) to the bishops of Europe: "Hence, with these Churches [the Orthodox Churches] the relations are to be fostered as between sister Churches, to use the expression of Pope Paul VI in his brief to the Patriarch of Constantinople, Athenagoras I"; and In the encyclical Ut Unum Sint in which he says: "Following the Second Vatican Council and in the light of earlier tradition, it has again become usual to refer to the particular or local Churches gathered around their bishop as 'sister Churches'. In addition, the lifting of mutual excommunications, by eliminating a painful canonical and psychological obstacle, was a very significant step on the way toward full communion." In number 60 of the encyclical, he states: "More recently, the joint international commission took a significant step forward with regard to the very sensitive question of the method to be followed in re-establishing full communion between the Catholic Church and the Orthodox Church, an issue which has frequently embittered relations between Catholics and Orthodox. The commission has laid the doctrinal foundations for a positive solution to this problem on the basis of the doctrine of sister Churches." Ecclesiastical directives A 2000 document of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith gave the following directives on the use of the expression "sister churches": Usage with regards to the Anglican communion Pope Paul VI was a good friend of the Anglican Church, which he described as "our beloved sister Church" in ecumenical meetings with Anglican leaders. However, the use of this term to describe the Anglican Church, even unofficially, was later rejected by Pope John Paul II and Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger in the document Dominus Iesus, because of lingering doubts regarding the validity of Anglican orders and the consequent apostolic succession of Anglican bishops and ministers, among other things. In a speech to Anglican bishops, Cardinal Walter Kasper noted that "a final solution [to recognition of Anglican orders] can be found only in the larger context of full communion in faith, sacramental life and shared apostolic vision." He specifically mentioned obstacles like "lay presidency, the ordination of women, and ethical problems such as abortion and homosexual partnerships." See Paul Handley, "Churches' goal is unity, not uniformity spokesman for Vatican declares,". This position seems to be in line with the posture of Orthodoxy towards Anglicanism. Kallistos Ware notes: "For Orthodoxy, the validity of ordinations does not depend simply on the fulfillment of certain technical conditions (external possession of the apostolic succession; correct form, matter and intention). The Catholic Church seems to be of the same mind concerning broader and "more substantive" criteria (not merely "the fulfillment of technical conditions") necessary for recognition of Anglican orders. Even Pope Paul VI, given his openness to Anglicans, did not revoke Apostolicae curae, which declares Anglican orders to be "absolutely null and utterly void." According to Rosemary Radford Ruether, it unhappily suggests that the "only ecumenism" that "counts" is "between Rome and Constantinople," though Anglicans, a second millennium church, "yearn to get into the 'old boys' club' of patriarchs." In Protestantism Different denominations of the same religious tradition are often said to have "sister church" relationships, especially if they are in different countries. For example, a sister church relationship exists between the Free Reformed Churches of Australia, the Reformed Churches in the Netherlands (Liberated), the Canadian and American Reformed Churches and the Free Reformed Churches of South Africa. This relationship includes mutual recognition of the eligibility of ministers. The Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod has a policy of closed communion, which means the Eucharist ordinarily shared only with those who are baptized and confirmed members of one of the congregations of LCMS or of a congregation of one of her sister churches with whom she has formally declared altar and pulpit fellowship (i.e., agreement in all articles of doctrine). Most members of the International Lutheran Council are LCMS sister churches. See also Mother Church References Category:Ecclesiology Category:Catholic ecclesiology Category:Christian terminology Category:Catholic–Eastern Orthodox ecumenism	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Pomplamoose (album) Pomplamoose, originally released as Pomplamoose VideoSongs, is the self-titled debut album of American musical duo Pomplamoose. Release The album was released in digital format only. Through exposure largely gained from accompanying YouTube videos, Pomplamoose sold approximately 100,000 songs in 2009. The videos have scored many millions of views – these early releases by Pomplamoose have been described by industry professionals as a "smash series" which brought them offers of collaboration with established artists like Ben Folds and Nick Hornby. Every track included on the album was uploaded to the band's YouTube page, released as final recording drafts showing details of how each song was produced. Track listing "Expiration Date" – 3:02 "Little Things" – 2:21 "Beat the Horse" – 3:16 "Hail Mary" – 3:04 "Centrifuge" – 2:25 "Twice as Nice" – 2:53 "Pas Encore" – 3:03 "Be Still" – 2:49 Reception Reviews of the album have been generally positive. Chris Higgins of Mental Floss, described "falling in love" with the new sound and future of music. References Category:2009 albums Category:Pomplamoose albums	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Zgoda Zgoda may refer to the following places: Zgoda, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship (north-central Poland) Zgoda, Gmina Łanięta in Łódź Voivodeship (central Poland) Zgoda, Gmina Żychlin in Łódź Voivodeship (central Poland) Zgoda, Łowicz County in Łódź Voivodeship (central Poland) Zgoda, Lublin Voivodeship (east Poland) Zgoda, Subcarpathian Voivodeship (south-east Poland) Zgoda, Greater Poland Voivodeship (west-central Poland) Zgoda, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship (north Poland) Zgoda, West Pomeranian Voivodeship (north-west Poland) Zgoda, Swiętochłowice in Silesian Voivodeship (south Poland) Zgoda labour camp, Silesia (south Poland)	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Mount Musgrave Mount Musgrave is a mountain located in western Newfoundland, near the southern side of the Humber River valley at Steady Brook, approximately east of Corner Brook. The peak is named in honour of Sir Anthony Musgrave, a colonial governor of Newfoundland. The steep ridges that form part of the northern side of the mountain are the location of Marble Mountain Ski Resort, the largest alpine ski resort in Atlantic Canada. The summit of the mountain hosts Environment Canada's doppler weather radar station "XME", part of the Canadian weather radar network. See also Mountain peaks of Canada References Mount Musgrave	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Defiance Defiance may refer to: Film, television and theatre Defiance (1980 film), a crime drama starring Jan-Michael Vincent Defiance (2002 film), a western starring Brandon Bollig Defiance (2008 film), a World War II film starring Daniel Craig and Liev Schreiber Defiance (TV series), a science fiction TV series Defiance (play), a 2005 play by John Patrick Shanley HMAS Defiance, a fictional Australian warship in the TV series Patrol Boat Games Defiance (video game), a 2013 tie-in with the TV series Defiance Defiance (1997 video game), a first-person shooter for Windows Defiance, an expansion campaign for the computer game Independence War Legacy of Kain: Defiance, a 2003 video game Literature Defiance (book), a 1951 memoir by Savitri Devi Defiance (novel), a 2007 novel by Don Brown Defiance, a novel by Kenneth Bulmer Defiance: The Bielski Partisans, a book by Nechama Tec; basis for the 2008 film (see above) Music Defiance (band), an American thrash metal band Defiance (punk band), an American street punk band Defiance (EP), a 1994 EP by the punk band Defiance (Assemblage 23 album), 2002 Defiance (Deströyer 666 album), 2009 Defiance (Lahannya album), 2009 Defiance (Burning Starr album), 2009 Defiance (Pro-jekt album), a 2006 album by Pro-jekt Defiance Records, a German record label Maritime HMS Defiance, nineteen ships of the British Royal Navy USS Defiance, three ships of the U.S. Navy Defiance (steamboat), a vessel in the Puget Sound Mosquito Fleet in the early 1900s Defiance (yacht), a participant in the 1914 America's Cup SS Empire Defiance, a ship in the Empire series in the service of the British Government CSS Defiance, a ship in the Confederate River Defense Fleet during the American Civil War Places in the United States Defiance, Iowa Defiance, Kentucky Defiance, Missouri (St. Charles county) Defiance, Missouri (Worth county) a 19th-century town Defiance, Ohio Defiance College Defiance High School (Ohio) Defiance Regional Medical Center Defiance County, Ohio Defiance Township, Defiance County, Ohio Defiance, Pennsylvania Mount Defiance (New York), a hill in New York Other uses Defiance Campaign, a 1951 anti-apartheid initiative by the African National Congress Defiance railway station, or Defiance Platform, a disused station on the Plymouth to Penzance Line in the UK Defiance Technologies, part of the Hinduja Group, a provider of IT, ERP and engineering services Camp Defiance, a Union camp in Kansas during the American Civil War Defiance Cycle Company, a cycle manufacturer formed in Wales in 1880 See also Fort Defiance (disambiguation) Point Defiance (disambiguation) Defiant (disambiguation) Defy (disambiguation)	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Anancylus socius Anancylus socius is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Francis Polkinghorne Pascoe in 1865. It is known from the Philippines and Malaysia. It contains the varietas Anancylus socius var. dissolutus. Subspecies Anancylus socius palawanicus Breuning, 1965 Anancylus socius socius Pascoe, 1865 References Category:Mesosini Category:Beetles described in 1865	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
De correctione rusticorum De correctione rusticorum ('on the correction of rural people'), also known as Pro castigatione rusticorum ('for the castigation of rural people') is a letter by Saint Martin of Braga (c. 520–580 CE), written in Gallaecia. The text begins with a letter from Martin to Bishop Polemius of Astorga, indicating that Polemius had asked Martin to write a piece on the origin of idols. Compared with Caesarius of Arles, Martin seems to take a gentler stance on how to accommodate non-Christian traditions in the course of missionary work in the region. Sources and influence The De correctione drew on De catechizandis rudibus by Augustine of Hippo It was in turn a major influence on Pirmin of Reichenau's Scarapsus, and a source for several of Ælfric of Eynsham's sermons, not least his famous De falsis diis. The text may also have been referred to directly by the writer of the Old Norse Um þat hvaðan ótrú hófsk ('how false belief began'), whose text is, however, more strongly influenced by Ælfric's De falsis diis. Editions and translations An unprovenanced online text of the sermon Text in Latin with a facing English translation by Hélio Pires Martin von Bracara's Schrift De Correctione Rusticorum, ed. by C. P. Caspari (Christiana, 1883) (including German translation) C. W. Barlow, Iberian Fathers: Martin of Braga, Paschasius of Dumium, Leander of Seville, Fathers of the Church, 62 (Washington, 1969), pp. 71-85 (English translation) Martini episcopi Bracarensis opera omnia, ed. by C. W. Barlow (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1950), pp. 183-203 (edition of the Latin) Clols, Jove, Martin de Braga: Sermon contra las supersticiones rurales (Barcelona, 1981) (includes Spanish translation) Serban, G. I., 'Martino da Dumio, antico scritore rumeno', Mitropolia banatului, 39 (1989), 47-60 (includes Romanian translation) Martino de Braga, Contro le superstizioni: catechesi al popolo. De correctione rusticorum, ed. by M. Naldini, Biblioteca patristica, 19 (Nardini, 1991) (includes Italian translation) Colonna, Enza, 'Il Sermo Rusticus de Martino di Braga', Invigilata lucernis, 13-14 (1991-92), 121-47 (includes Italian translation) López Pereira, J. E. and J. Correa Corredoira, De correctione rusticorum: Martiño de Braga; gravados Correa Corredoira; a traducción ao galego da presente obra estivo a cargo do profesor X. Eduardo López Pereira e foi realizada a partir dos manuscritos latinos orixinais (A Coruña: Espiral Maior, 1997) References Category:Christian sermons	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Hadrian à Saravia Hadrian à Saravia, sometimes called Hadrian Saravia, Adrien Saravia, or Adrianus Saravia (153215 January 1612) was a Protestant theologian and pastor from the Low Countries who became an Anglican prebend and a member of the First Westminster Company charged by James I of England to produce the King James Version of the Bible. Early years Saravia was born in Hesdin (Artois), then part of Flanders, to Protestant Spanish and Flemish parents, Christopher de Saravia and Elisabeth Boulengier. He entered the ministry at Antwerp, reviewed a draft of the Belgic Confession and gathered a Walloon congregation in Brussels. Saravia continued to move between London and Europe. In 1561, he married Catherine d'Allez of St Omer. The marriage would last 45 years, and the couple had one son and an unknown number of daughters. Channel Islands He went from there to England and was sent as an evangelist to Jersey and Guernsey. When Elizabeth I of England founded Elizabeth College in 1563 he was appointed as its first schoolmaster. In 1568 he became rector of the parish of St Pierre du Bois, Guernsey, which was then under Presbyterian discipline. Southampton From 1571 to 1578, he held the position of headmaster at the Grammar School in Southampton. His students included Robert Ashley, Nicholas Fuller, Francis Markham, Edward Reynolds, Sir Thomas Lake, and Josuah Sylvester. Ghent and Leiden By late 1580 he was living in Ghent and was an inspector of the theological school and active in religious affairs. With Ghent under threat by the Spanish, he moved to Leiden in November 1582. He was appointed a professor of theology at Leiden University on 13 August 1584. From Leiden he wrote (9 June 1585) to William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley advising the assumption of the protectorate of the Low Countries by Elizabeth. He left the United Provinces when his complicity in a political plot was discovered. Return to England He published several treatises defending the Episcopacy against Presbyterianism. He was appointed, in 1588, rector of Tatenhill, Staffordshire. His first work, De diversis gradibus ministrorum Evangelii (1590; in English, 1592, and reprinted), was an argument for episcopacy, which led to a controversy with Theodore Beza and gained him incorporation as DD at Oxford (9 June 1590), and a prebend at Gloucester (22 October 1591). On 6 December 1595 he was admitted to a canonry at Canterbury (which he resigned in 1602), and in the same year to the vicarage of Lewisham, Kent, where he became an intimate friend of Richard Hooker, his near neighbour, whom he absolved on his deathbed. He was made prebendary of Worcester in 1601 and of Westminster (5 July 1601). In 1604, or early in 1605, he presented to James I of England his Latin treatise on the Eucharist, which remained in the Royal Library unprinted, until in 1885 it was published (with translation and introduction) by Archdeacon G. A. Denison. In 1607 he was nominated one of the translators of the King James Version of the Bible of 1611, his part being Genesis to the end of Kings II. He is said to have been the only translator who was not English. On 23 March 1610 he exchanged Lewisham for the rectory of Great Chart, Kent. He died at Canterbury on 15 January 1612, and was buried in the cathedral. His second wife, Margaret Wiits, erected a memorial to him at the Cathedral. Notes References Nicolson, Adam. (2003) God's Secretaries: The Making of the King James Bible. New York: HarperCollins Adrian Saravia, Rector of Tatenhill 1588–1595 External links Saravia, Hadrian à, De Sacra Eucharistica trans. Denison, George A (London 1855) at Project Canterbury site. Category:1532 births Category:1612 deaths Category:English theologians Category:Flemish Calvinist and Reformed theologians Category:Translators of the King James Version Category:16th-century English clergy Category:People of the Stuart period Category:17th-century translators Category:17th-century Calvinist and Reformed theologians Category:People of the Tudor period Category:16th-century Calvinist and Reformed theologians Category:People from Pas-de-Calais Category:Leiden University faculty	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Edner Cherry Edner Cherry (born July 21, 1982) is a Bahamian professional boxer and two-time world title challenger. Early years Cherry was born to a Bahamian father and a Haitian mother. He emigrated from The Bahamas to the United States, and resides in Wauchula, Florida. Career Cherry began boxing professionally in 2001, with mixed results (3-2-2 as of July 2002). Soon after signing with Peter Fernandez and Starfight Productions he appeared to find his groove, racking up 14 straight wins and acquiring a number of minor titles—the WBC Caribbean Boxing Federation Lightweight title and the NBA Intercontinental Lightweight Title. Cherry then lost an IBF title eliminator to Ricky Quiles by split decision to end his win streak. In February 2007 Cherry lost a unanimous decision to Paulie Malignaggi on HBO. Recently, Edner Cherry has been named Friday Night Fights Boxer of the Year (2006) by ESPN and has fought on both Showtime and HBO. In 2008, Cherry knocked out former WBC Lightweight champion Stevie Johnston in the 10th round. Cherry's 'Cherry Bomb' left hook had Johnston down in the third and the ninth, and a straight right hand put away the former champion for the count at 2:34 in the tenth round of a WBC USNBC national title bout. Following that fight, Cherry wound up fighting WBC light welterweight champion Timothy Bradley for the belt. Although very well prepared for this fight, Cherry dropped a unanimous decision to Bradley. At the end of 2008, Cherry left his long-time trainer, Pete Fernandez and signed with TKO Promotions. Under TKO, Cherry has won three straight fights, all by stoppage. Cherry was scheduled to fight for the NABO super featherweight title, but after the original opponent pulled out of the fight, his management was unable to find a replacement. The fight was cancelled. Cherry has also won the NABA and NABF lightweight titles. In January 2012, Cherry signed a promotional deal with Chicago-based, 8 Count Promotions. He also signed an exclusive management deal with Albert Falcon and Patrick Doljanin of Warehouse Boxing, located in Highland Park, IL. Professional boxing record References External links Shotime's Edner Cherry Bio Article about Edner Cherry Interview With Edner Cherry before 2nd bout with Wes Ferguson Cherry vs. Meza-Clay Category:1982 births Category:Living people Category:Bahamian emigrants to the United States Category:Bahamian people of Haitian descent Category:Sportspeople from Nassau, Bahamas Category:Bahamian male boxers Category:American male boxers Category:People from Wauchula, Florida Category:Super-featherweight boxers Category:Light-welterweight boxers Category:Lightweight boxers	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Ixmiquilpan Ixmiquilpan (Otomi: Ntsʼu̱tkʼani) is a city and one of the 84 municipalities of Hidalgo, in central-eastern Mexico. It is located on the Mexico City/Nuevo Laredo Highway at km 170 in the central west part of the state of Hidalgo. The town of Ixmiquilpan is noted for its parish church, Church of San Miguel Arcángel, which contains a large series of murals done in the 16th century by native artists depicting Eagle and Jaguar warriors in battle, along with other pre-Hispanic imagery. History The first ethnic group to settle in the Mezquital Valley in Hidalgo state were a group of Otomies, who called themselves Hñahñus. They named this area Ntsʼu̱tkʼani, which means place of verdolagas or pigweed. They were well established here by the time the Toltecs arrived to establish the city of Tollan. These Otomies would be subjugated by the Toltecs then later by the Aztec Empire. Both these peoples spoke Nahuatl and renamed the area Itzmiquilpan (later spelled Ixmiquilpan), which means "place where the verdolagas cut like flint knives." Under the Aztecs, these Otomies were not just a tributary people but also provided soldiers as allies in the Aztecs’ many wars. This gave them a certain amount of autonomy within the Aztec Empire. This notion of autonomy would continue into the Colonial period when communities such as Orizabita and San Juanico called themselves "republics." After the Conquest, the first Spanish arrived here headed by Pedro Rodríguez de Escobar, who were sent by Pedro de Alvarado as scouts. The Augustinian monks who accompanied these soldiers founded the town of Ixmiquilpan, with the founding of the church and monastery of San Miguel Arcángel in 1550. The town grew over time, and by the early 17th century, it was decided to build the first bridge over the Tula River, to connect Ixmiquilpan with the newer settlement of Barrio de la Otra Banda, today Barrio de Progreso. The project was undertaken by Captain Miguel Cuevas y Dávales and inaugurated in 1655. Another important church, the Chapel of Nuestra Señora del Carmen was built by Patricio Joseph Tovar. It was built in what was called the Tlazintla neighborhood, now called Del Carmen. Construction of the church betan in 1752 and completed in 1772. In 1779, Diego Alarcón de Ocaña was named mayor of the town, who introduced a potable water system, among a number of other projects of social benefit. For this reason, one of the main roads is named after here, and there was a statue of him on the main plaza. This statue was destroyed by an earthquake. During the Mexican War of Independence, insurgent forces under Ignacio López Rayón made camp here and also defeated royalist forces in the nearby village of Tamaleras, now called López Rayón. In 1854, a local uprising, especially in the communities of Orizabita and Remedios was caused by excessive taxes which Ixmiquilpan authorities levied. These were led by Sotero Lozano, who was called a bandit. This leader was most active in the towns of Actopan and Cardonal, his hometown. Another bridge over the Tula River was constructed in 1912 in the Barrio Del Maye. President Venustiano Carranza came to Ixmiquilpan in 1918 to inaugurate the rail line between Pachuca and here, along with the Nith train station. The rail line through here was planned by Englishman Richard Honey, who came to Ixmiquilpan with his family to settle. The rail line was supposed to run from Pachuca to Tampico, Tamaulipas but it was built only as far as this town. However, Honey did manage to build the "Iron Bridge" over the Tula River in the village of Tasquillo which became part of the Camino Real as well. While here, he also signed a convention to construct a canal now called Debodhe to divert water from the Tula River for agricultural purposes. General Alvaro Obregon also came here while campaigning for a second term as president of Mexico. During the presidency of Lázaro Cárdenas, who also visited Ixmiquilpan on several occasions, the Tecolote Dam as well as the El Morelos and El Moros Canals were built, to replace the old Debodhe canal. Later the Capula Dam would be built as well as a canal that brought drainage waters from the Valley of Mexico, which was also used for irrigation purposes. At the end of the 1930s the irrigation capacity of the valley was expanded again with the Maye Dam and the Felipe Angels Dam. In the 1940s the Mexico City/Laredo highway was built through Ixmiquilpan which gave the town more connection with the outside world. A short time later the municipal market was inaugurated in 1942 to meet the needs of the growing community. This market was originally on the main plaza but was moved to the Jose Maria Morelos neighborhood in 1969. In 1951, by presidential decree, the Patrimonio Indígena del Valle de Mezquital (Valley of Mezquital Indigenous Heritage) was created in Ixmiquilpan by President Miguel Alemán Valez and state governor D. Quintín Rueda Villagran. The primary function of this organization is to promote the economy and the education of the Otomies of this region. One of its first projects was to build the Justo Sierra Secondary School in the town. Prior to this school's construction, youths had to travel to Pachuca or even to Mexico City for a secondary education. By 1969, many urbanization projects, such as the municipal market, paved streets and streetlights had been accomplished. Another project from this time was the remodeling of the main plaza and the installation of the Diana, the Huntress fountain in the center of the plaza. From the 1940s to the 1960s the town of Ixmiquilpan improved its infrastructure considerably with the installation of the public health clinic, expansion of the main park, a sports center, a municipal library, the remodeling of the Hidalgo Theatre, the establishment of the Ñañhu or Otomi Cultural Museum and installation of radio and television broadcast. Not only did this improved the socioeconomic status of those living here, the population quintupled. Climate The town It is considered the heart of the Mezquital Valley of Mexico. Located 158 km. from Mexico City by Mexican Federal Highway 85, it was an important commercial strategic spot even before the Spanish conquest. Its population is mainly Otomi, regionally called Ñhañhu. According to town chronicler José Antonio Ramírez Guerrero, Ixmiquilpan has taken steps to participate in the Pueblos Mágicos programs, which are sponsored by the Mexican government's Tourism Secretary. The town qualifies for its history, surrounding landscapes and the Otomí culture that is strongly present here. However, a number of improvements are still needed in the town's infrastructure, especially in the way of sanitation and services for tourists. Church of San Miguel Archangel After the arrival of Augustinian monks shortly after the Spanish Conquest of Mexico, this church and its now former monastery were built by Fray Andrés de la Mata de Barrios in 1550. The church is dedicated to the Archangel Michael and was built using Indian labor pressed into service by the monks. This church is typical of the fortress-style churches built by the Augustinians in the 16th century. The facade is Plateresque style with paired columns and with a window in the choir area. The bell tower is annexed and joined with the facade. It has a crown and bell gables. However, what makes the church fairly unusual are its murals with overt pre-Hispanic themes. Imagery that is repeated here is that of holy war, with Eagle and Jaguar warriors as well as images associated with the sun and moon gods. The Jaguar and Eagle warriors were some of the armies that the Spanish fought during the Conquest, who wore resplendent apparel. Few explicit pictorial references to these warriors were permitted afterwards. The murals at Ixmiquilpan are an exception. The murals here appear in series of polychrome frescos, which have structure in a large and coherent way. Traditional monastic murals of that time were monochromatic and devoted to Biblical subjects. Some of these more traditional murals can be seen in the church's sacristy. The significance of the murals have been debated, especially since they are found so prominently in a Christian church of early in the colonial period. Mostly likely these images were at least partially reinterpreted with Christian themes. Many combine indigenous images with themes from the European Renaissance. The father sun figure in Otomí mythology, Zidada Hyadi (Venerable Sun) was identified with Jesus (Zidada Hesu) and the moon goddess (Zinänä) with the Virgin Mary As for the war images, The 1570s here were characterized by near-constant battles with the nomadic Chichimecas, which was finally ended with a decisive battle won by the Otomis. That battle was also views as a triumph of Christianity over paganism. Upon entering the church, one can see underneath the choir, fragments of murals showing Eagle and Jaguar warriors dialoguing, indicated by Aztec speech scrolls. Inside the nave is a large sequence of battle murals in enormous friezes that extend from under the choir long both sides. On the south wall, Eagle, Jaguar and Coyote warriors are dressed in animal skins, robes and feathered helmets, all fighting one another with obsidian swords and other weapons. The scenes depict decapitations and the dragging of prisoners against a landscape rich in foliage. Along the north wall, these warriors battle supernatural creatures such as a centaur which wears a headdress of quetzal feathers and figures of pregnant women emerging from acanthus buds. This church was declared a national monument in 1933. The Diana fountain In the center of the main plaza is a fountain, which contains a sculpture of Diana, the Huntress. This sculpture was the original Diana that was created by Olaguibel in 1942 and placed on Paseo de la Reforma in Mexico City. In 1944, a group known as the "League of Decency" headed by Soledad Orozco de Avila Camacho, wife of president Manuel Ávila Camacho, decided that the Diana statue was indecent due to the fact that it was nude. It was removed from Reforma and put in Chapultepec Park before it came to Ixmiquilpan and was placed in the fountain there in 1970. The Diana statue that is currently in Mexico City is a second version cast by Olaguibel and placed in the same place in Mexico City. Other sites of interest The Bridge of San Miguel or La Otra Banda was the first built here in the 17th century. It was built of stone with large arches, and on each side of the river there are Moctezuma cypress trees marking the entrances. There used to be stone plaques that recorded the history of the bridges construction, and above one of them a statue of the Archangel Michael subduing the devil with his sword, but these have disappeared recently. It is part of a road that used to be called El Camino Real de Ixmiquilpan and is now known as Progreso Street. It was the Camino Real because it was the principle road connecting the towns of Tasquillo, Zimapan, Alfajayucan and Ixmiquilpan with the Bajio territory to the west. Until the construction of the Mexico City/Laredo highway, this was the major road of the area. Aside from the San Miguel Church, the Chapel of Nuestra Señora del Carmen is one of the most important churches here. It has a pink stone facade, and inside there are tall wood altarpieces and large oil paintings. Its small atrium used to have a large number of cypress trees but these were cut down recently. The Municipal Palace and the Hidalgo Theater next to it were built at the initiative of Mayor Marín Yánez, between 1906 and 1910 in preparation for the Centennial of Mexico's Independence. A local story states that when the Palace was inaugurated, a small pot filled with gold coins was interred in one of the portals. In 1949, during the first remodeling of the building, this pot was found but no one knows what happened to the coins. The Universidad Tecnológica del Valle de Mezquital is sponsored by the state of Hidalgo and located in a number of communities and based in Ixmiquilpan. Its mission is to provide technical and economically important skills to the people of the state as well as promote university-level studies in many areas. Festivals While Holy Week had always been an important, solemn commemoration in the Church of the Archangel Michael, in recent years, a re-enactment of Good Friday has been added, which is a procession from the Barrio of San Miguel to the church. Another important festival is that of the Holy Cross of Maye on the third of May. On this day descends the cross kept at the chapel on Deshitzo Mountain. This cross is the one that is brought up to the chapel on Deshitzo on 21 or 22 October in a procession that starts at the Maye Church and goes five km up the mountain to leave the cross and celebrate a Massachusetts The Feast of the Santo Niño de Atocha is celebrated in Barrio Progreso the last Sunday in January. It is one of the most representative celebrations of the municipality and draws pilgrims from other parts of the state and elsewhere. The festival lasts two or three days, depending on the economy and includes amusement rides, traditional dances, sporting and cultural events. The Lord of Jalpan (Señor de Jalpan) has two dates associated with him. The first is a festival that is held on 13 June, which draws bands devoted to wind instruments, and has become an important economic contributor in recent years. The other event is a procession that has been held on 7 September since 1946. This is a very traditional procession with candles, flower-adorned arches, dancers, songs and fireworks. The procession begins at about 8pm and wanders the streets of Ixmiquilpan until about 2 in the morning. A secular parade particular to Ixmiquilpan takes place on 21 March. All the schools participate in the event creating floats and then marching around the town, dancing and playing instruments. The municipality The municipality of Ixmiquilpan consists of the town of Ixmiquilpan and 145 other recognized communities, which cover an area of 565.3 km². The largest communities outside of the seat are Panales, el Tephé, Maguey Blanco, Orizabita, el Alberto, Dios Padre, Julián Villagrán and Tatzadhó. The municipality borders with the municipalities of Zimapán, Nicolás Flores, Cardonal, Santiago de Anaya, San Salvador, Chilcuautla and Tasquillo. The total population of the municipality is 73,903, with 24,341, or almost a third speaking an indigenous language. The climate and topography of the municipal divide into two parts. The land is beautiful and many take hiking trips for fun since the climate is almost perfect. This is increasing tourism in the area. Many buses departing from Mexico City arrive to this destination and visitors spend time in the so famous water parks throughout the community. One well known park is El Parque Acuatico De Dios Padre. This particular park offers transportation, hotels, camping and services for tourists that come from Mexico City. Many immigrants that migrated to the U.S. in the 1980s as the result in shortages of farm labor in California are from this particular area. Now in their late 20s, many have now obtained a higher education in the U.S. and are now returning to their homeland in Ixmiquilpan. This has let to new entrepreneurship in the area. Small businesses of tourism and hotels can now be found across the city. The southern portion is dry with green areas only where there is irrigation. It is relatively flat. The north in squarely in the Mezquital Valley and is considerably higher, wetter and more mountainous. A mountain ridge separates the two sections. The highest elevations are found at the La Palma, Thito, Muñeca, Guadril, Temboo, Dexitzo and Daxhie Mountains. These and other mountains have forests which contain pine, oak, walnut and a number of other trees. The dry areas contain vegetation such as mesquite, nopal, palms and other plants adapted to arid areas. Much of the agriculture in the municipality occurs in the relatively flat south which relies on irrigation due to the lack of rainfall. Main crops are corn, beans, animal feed and tomatoes. Livestock raised includes cattle, pigs, sheep, goats, turkeys and bees. There is some fishing in the north, where water is abundant, but it is mostly for auto-consumption. Almost a third of the population of the municipality still speaks an indigenous language, and this is almost exclusively Otomí. This is especially true in the smaller communities such as San Alberto, located in one of the lower portions of the Mezquital Valley off the highway between Ixmiquilpan and El Progreso, near the Tula River. It is a village of about 700 people, all of whom speak Otomi and a number speak little or no Spanish. They are farmers, living off the harvests of corn, beans and other staples. It is a poor town, with roads in disrepair and no streetlights. While the village has been converting this fresh water and hot springs here into bathing pools to attract tourism, many of their young people go to the United States to work and send back money. The cuisine of this area is dependent on what is grown here. The pigweed which used to be the base of Ixmiquilpan's Otomi name, is eaten with nopales and in other mixtures. Edible insects such as butterfly larvae, honey ants, nopal beetles, escamoles, mequite, nopal and corn worms are all used here in tacos, roasted, in omelets and other ways. The maguey flower, called gualumbo, is sautéed with epazote, onion and chile. Catfish and barbacoa are also staples here. The municipality contains a number of water parks which take advantage of the streams and springs that are heated by the volcanic activity of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt which runs through here. Many of these waters have a high mineral content and are claimed to have curative powers. Some of these water parks are Tephé, Te-Pathé, Dios Padre, Parque Ecoturistico EcoAlberto, Balneario Valle Paraíso, Pueblo Nuevo, Balneario Maguey Blanco, El Dauthi and Puerta de Oeste. There is also a natural reserve located to the north of the town on State Highway 27, which exuberant vegetation, waterfalls and rock formations, where camping and other outdoor activities are possible. While the majority of the municipality's population (83%) are Catholic, other denominations have a definite presence, especially those called "evangelicals." In the village of San Nicolás, there have been religious conflicts between traditional Catholics and evangelicals since 1991. In 2001, nine evangelical families were expelled from the town. Tensions rose again in 2006, when Catholics opposed the construction of an evangelical church in the area, and tried to tear down the building under construction. In the community of Cantinela, a number of Catholic religious images were found torched. Local and state authorities have had to intervene on a number of occasions. Photo gallery of the Parish of San Miguel Arcángel y Caritas Ixmiquilpan Photo gallery References External links Murals in the Church Murals in Church Category:Municipalities of Hidalgo (state) Category:Populated places in Hidalgo (state) Category:Populated places established in 1550 Category:1550 establishments in the Spanish Empire Category:Populated places in the Teotlalpan	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Chromosome 8 Chromosome 8 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. People normally have two copies of this chromosome. Chromosome 8 spans about 145 million base pairs (the building material of DNA) and represents between 4.5 and 5.0% of the total DNA in cells. About 8% of its genes are involved in brain development and function, and about 16% are involved in cancer. A unique feature of 8p is a region of about 15 megabases that appears to have a high mutation rate. This region shows a significant divergence between human and chimpanzee, suggesting that its high mutation rates have contributed to the evolution of the human brain. __TOC__ Genes Number of genes The following are some of the gene count estimates of human chromosome 8. Because researchers use different approaches to genome annotation their predictions of the number of genes on each chromosome varies (for technical details, see gene prediction). Among various projects, the collaborative consensus coding sequence project (CCDS) takes an extremely conservative strategy. So CCDS's gene number prediction represents a lower bound on the total number of human protein-coding genes. Gene list The following is a partial list of genes on human chromosome 8. For complete list, see the link in the infobox on the right. Diseases and disorders The following diseases and disorders are some of those related to genes on chromosome 8: 8p23.1 duplication syndrome Burkitt's lymphoma Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease COACH Syndrome Cleft lip and palate Cohen syndrome Congenital hypothyroidism Fahr's syndrome Hereditary Multiple Exostoses Lipoprotein lipase deficiency, familial Myelodysplastic syndrome Pfeiffer syndrome Primary microcephaly Rothmund-Thomson syndrome Schizophrenia, associated with 8p21-22 locus Waardenburg syndrome Werner syndrome Pingelapese blindness Langer-Giedion syndrome Roberts Syndrome Hepatocellular carcinoma Sanfilippo syndrome Cytogenetic band References External links Category:Chromosomes (human) *	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Island of Fire Island of Fire () is a 1990 Hong Kong action film directed by Kevin Chu, and starring Jackie Chan, Andy Lau, Sammo Hung, Tony Leung Ka-fai and Barry Wong. The film was shot in Taiwan and the Philippines in 42 days from 5 April until 17 May 1989. The film's theme song, The Last Gunshot (最後一槍) by Cui Jian, was written as a response to the 4 June 1989 Tiananmen massacre in Beijing, China. After appearing with Chan in Killer Meteors in 1976, the film's producer and co-star, Jimmy Wang Yu, came to Chan's aid when the then young actor sought his help in settling a dispute with veteran director, Lo Wei. Chan repaid the favour by playing roles in Wang's films, which included this film as well as the 1982 film Fantasy Mission Force. As with both of those earlier films, recent DVD and VHS releases market Island of Fire & Jackie Chan Is the Prisoner as a Jackie Chan film, displaying an image of Chan on the cover as though the lead actor. In fact, Chan only appears in a supporting role, with Tony Leung Ka-fai as the central character. Synopsis Wang Wei (Tony Leung Ka-fai), a police officer, witnesses the murder of his father-in-law, a police commissioner, at the hands of an assassin. When the assassin attempts to escape, he is killed by a car bomb. Wei and his partner later identify the assassin, but discover that he was a felon who was apparently executed in prison several months ago. Wei decides to go undercover in the prison by assaulting a group of gang members at a bar. While inside, he is immediately suspected of being a cop and is beaten in a prison-orchestrated fight, leaving him bloodied and bruised. Wei's fellow prisoners include Da Chui (Jackie Chan), who accidentally killed a card player while trying to raise money for an operation to save his girlfriend's life; Iron Ball (Andy Lau), who has himself thrown in jail to exact revenge for his dead brother killed by Da Chui; and Fatty (Sammo Hung), a compassionate but pathetic inmate who frequently escapes to visit his young son. Significant tension occurs when Chui and Iron Ball are part of the same block, but any attempts on Chui's life are forbidden by Lucas (Jimmy Wang Yu), a powerful warlord within the prison. This ends when Lucas is set up and killed by the prison when him and Fatty escape. Fatty attempts to escape yet again during an outdoor work day, but kills a prison guard when Fatty hits him with a police cruiser; Fatty is subsequently executed. With Lucas gone and the corruption of the guards plain to see, Wei and Chui are at risk. An attempt on Wei's life accidentally kills Wei's cellmate Charlie (Tsung-Hua To), prompting a large-scale riot in which the head guard is assaulted by Chui and eventually killed by Wei. In response, Chui, Iron Ball, and Wei are executed. Wei suddenly awakens in an undisclosed location where the Warden greets him. The Warden says that he fakes the execution of the inmates so that he can recruit them to be part of a vigilante hit squad. Wei is dispatched along with Chui, Fatty, and Iron Ball, to an airport where a drug lord is being extradited. They kill the drug lord, but are betrayed by the Warden, like the assassin that killed Wei's father-in-law, and barely dodge a car bomb meant for them. They become surrounded in an airport tower and take a police captain hostage. Wei's partner, who was present with the police escorting the drug lord, helps Wei hijack a plane and Fatty, Chui, and Iron Ball attempt to reach the plane. Fatty, Chui, and Iron Ball are all gunned down as Wei escapes. When the Warden returns to his home, he finds Wei waiting for him, asking for answers. The Warden explains that those who were killed by the hit squad were actually connected to the Warden; the drug lord worked with the Warden and the Commissioner was getting too close to discovering the Warden's activities. Angered, Wei threatens the Warden, but is talked down from doing anything further from his partner, who replies that everything the Warden said is on tape. The Warden is arrested and Wei returns to his life as a cop. Cast Jackie Chan as Da Chui / Lung (Hong Kong version) / Steve (US version) Andy Lau as Iron Ball / Lau / Boss Lee Sammo Hung as Fatty John Liu Hsi-chia Tony Leung Ka-fai as Wang Wei / Andy / Andrew Barry Wong as Inspector Wong Jimmy Wang Yu as Kui / Lucas (as Wang Yu) Ko Chun-hsiung as Prison Chief / Prison Superintendent Tou Chung-hwa as Chiu / Charlie (as Tao Chung Hwa) Jack Kao as Ho Lin Ken Lo as Bodyguard Rocky Lai as Iron Ball's thug / Prisoner Chin Ho as Iron Ball's assistant Teddy Yip Wing-cho as Prisoner Wang An Yen Ru-chen Kao Ming Kang Ho Fang Jing Yuen Yi Wai Hung-ho Tou Hu Wang Yao Bang Yu Chien Tsao Versions There are three different versions of this film: a 93-minute Hong Kong version, a 96-minute American version was released by Columbia Tristar Home Video in 2000 and later by Lionsgate in 2011 and a 125-minute Taiwanese version which focuses more on character development and plot detail. See also Andy Lau filmography Jackie Chan filmography List of Hong Kong films List of Taiwanese films Sammo Hung filmography References External links Island of Fire at the IMDB Category:1990 films Category:1990s action thriller films Category:1990s martial arts films Category:Films directed by Kevin Chu Category:Films set in Taiwan Category:Films set in the Philippines Category:Golden Harvest films Category:Gun fu films Category:Hong Kong films Category:Hong Kong action thriller films Category:Hong Kong martial arts films Category:Kung fu films Category:Mandarin-language films Category:Prison films Category:Films shot in the Philippines	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Noviz-e Olya Noviz-e Olya (, also Romanized as Novīz-ye ‘Olyā; also known as Novīz) is a village in Bala Taleqan Rural District, in the Central District of Taleqan County, Alborz Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 283, in 72 families. References Category:Populated places in Taleqan County	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Lecithocera tumidosa Lecithocera tumidosa is a moth in the family Lecithoceridae. It was described by Kyu-Tek Park and Chun-Sheng Wu in 2010. It is found in Thailand. References Category:Moths described in 2010 Category:Lecithocera	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Gravelly Lake Gravelly Lake is a lake located in Lakewood in Pierce County, Washington, United States. The lake is fed by groundwater and has no surface drainage channels. The lake is surrounded by higher-priced homes and estates. Out of the three main lakes in Lakewood, Gravelly Lake is the most prestigious and expensive. Called Cook‑al‑chy (pond lily) by the native people, the lake was named Gravelly Lake due to the gravel-covered lake bed. The lake has two legal public access points, both of which are overgrown and are not viable for access. References External links Washington State Department of Ecology, Gravelly Lake -- Pierce County: 1997 Gravelly Category:Lakes of Pierce County, Washington	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Brachinus costipennis Brachinus costipennis is a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae. It is found in Central America and North America. References Further reading Category:Brachininae Category:Articles created by Qbugbot Category:Beetles described in 1859	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Goya (Madrid Metro) Goya is a station on Line 2 and Line 4 of the Madrid Metro. References Category:Madrid Metro stations Category:Railway stations opened in 1924 Category:1924 establishments in Spain	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Sloth bear The sloth bear (Melursus ursinus) is a myrmecophagous bear species native to the Indian subcontinent. It feeds on fruits, ants and termites. It is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List, mainly because of habitat loss and degradation. It has also been called "labiated bear" because of its long lower lip and palate used for sucking insects. It has a long, shaggy fur, a mane around the face, and long, sickle-shaped claws. It is lankier than brown and Asian black bears. It shares features of insectivorous mammals and evolved during the Pleistocene from the ancestral brown bear through convergent evolution. Sloth bears breed during spring and early summer and give birth near the beginning of winter. When their territories are encroached upon by humans, they sometimes attack them. Historically, humans have drastically reduced their habitat and diminished their population by hunting them for food and products such as their bacula and claws. Sloth bears have been tamed and used as performing pets. Taxonomy Shaw in 1791 named the species Bradypus ursinus. In 1793, Meyer named it Melursus lybius, and in 1817, de Blainville named it Ursus labiatus because of its long lips. Illiger named it Prochilus hirsutus, the Greek genus name indicating long lips, while the specific name noted its long and coarse hair. Fischer called it Chondrorhynchus hirsutus, while Tiedemann named it Ursus longirostris. Subspecies and range Evolution Sloth bears may have reached their current form in the Early Pleistocene, the time when the bear family specialized and dispersed. A fragment of fossilized humerus from the Pleistocene, found in Andhra Pradesh's Kurnool Basin is identical to the humerus of a modern sloth bear. The fossilized skulls of a bear once named Melursus theobaldi found in the Shivaliks from the Early Pleistocene or Early Pliocene are thought by certain authors to represent an intermediate stage between sloth bears and ancestral brown bears. M. theobaldi itself had teeth intermediate in size between sloth bears and other bear species, though its palate was the same size as the former species, leading to the theory that it is the sloth bear's direct ancestor. Sloth bears probably arose during the Middle Pliocene and evolved in the Indian subcontinent. The sloth bear shows evidence of having undergone a convergent evolution similar to that of other ant-eating mammals. Characteristics Sloth bears adults are a medium-sized species though weight can range variously from in typically-sized females and from in typically-sized males. Exceptionally large specimens of females can scale up to and males up to . The average weight of sloth bears from the nominate subspecies in Nepal was in females and in males. Nominate bears in India were found to weigh average in males and per one study. Specimens from Sri Lanka (M. u. inornatus) may weight up to in females and in males. However six Sri Lankan male sloth bears averaged only and was the average for four females, so Sri Lankan bears could be up to at least 30% lighter in body mass than nominate race bears and with apparent far more pronounced size sexual dimorphism. They are high at the shoulder, and have a body length of . Besides being smaller than males, females reportedly typically have more fur between their shoulders. Sloth bear muzzles are thick and long, with small jaws and bulbous snouts with wide nostrils. They have long lower lips which can be stretched over the outer edge of their noses, and lack upper incisors, thus allowing them to suck up large numbers of insects. The premolars and molars are smaller than in other bears, as they do not chew as much vegetation. In adults, the teeth are usually in poor condition, due to the amount of soil they suck up and chew when feeding on insects. The back of the palate is long and broad, as is typical in other ant-eating mammals. The paws are disproportionately large, and have highly developed, sickle-shaped, blunt claws which measure in length. Their toe pads are connected by a hairless web. They have the longest tail in the bear family, which can grow to . Their back legs are not very strong, though they are knee-jointed, and allow them to assume almost any position. The ears are very large and floppy. The sloth bear is the only bear with long hair on its ears. Sloth bear fur is completely black (rusty for some specimens), save for a whitish Y- or V-shaped mark on the chest. This feature is sometimes absent, particularly in Sri Lankan specimens. This feature, which is also present in Asian black bears and sun bears, is thought to serve as a threat display, as all three species are sympatric with tigers (tigers usually do not carry out attacks on an adult bear if the bear is aware or facing the cat). The coat is long, shaggy, and unkempt, despite the relatively warm environment in which the species is found, and is particularly heavy behind the neck and between the shoulders, forming a mane which can be long. The belly and underlegs can be almost bare. Sloth bears are usually about the same size as an Asian black bear but are immediately distinctive for their shaggier coat, whitish claws, as well as their typically rangier build. Their head and mouth is highly distinct from that of a black bear with a longer, narrower skull shape (particularly the snout), loose-looking, flappier lips and paler muzzle colour. In few areas of overlap, sloth bear confusion with sun bears is unlikely, given the latter species considerably smaller size, much shorter fur, wrinkled folding skin (especially around the back), bolder chest marking and drastically different, more compact head structure and appearance. Distribution and habitat The sloth bear's global range includes India, the southern lowlands of Nepal, and Sri Lanka. It is regionally extinct in Bangladesh. It occurs in a wide range of habitats including wet and dry tropical forests, savannahs, scrublands, and grasslands below on the Indian subcontinent, and below in Sri Lanka's dry forests. Behaviour and ecology Adult sloth bears may travel in pairs. Males are often observed to be gentle with cubs. They may fight for food. They walk in a slow, shambling motion, with their feet being set down in a noisy, flapping motion. They are capable of galloping faster than running humans. Although they appear slow and clumsy, both young and adult sloth bears are excellent climbers. They occasionally will climb to feed and to rest, though not to escape enemies, as they prefer to stand their ground. Sloth bear mothers carry their cubs up trees as the primary defense against attacks by predators instead of sending them up trees. The cubs can be threatened by predators such as tigers, leopards, and other bears. They are adequate climbers on more accessible trees but cannot climb as quickly or on as varied surfaces as can black bears due to the sloth species' more elongated claw structure. Given their smaller size and still shorter claws, sloth bear cubs probably climb more proficiently than adults (much as brown bear cubs can climb well but not adults). They are good swimmers, and primarily enter water to play. To mark their territories, sloth bears scrape trees with their forepaws, and rub against them with their flanks. Sloth bears have a great vocal range. Gary Brown, in his Great Bear Almanac, lists over 25 different sounds in 16 different contexts. Sounds such as barks, screams, grunts, roars, snarls, whickers, woofs, and yelps are made when angered, threatening, or when fighting. When hurt or afraid, they shriek, yowl, or whimper. When feeding, sloth bears make loud huffing and sucking noises, which can be heard over 100 m away. Sounds such as gurgling or humming are made by bears resting or sucking their paws. Sows emit crooning sounds to their cubs. The species is the most vociferous when mating, and make loud, melodious calls when doing so. Sloth bears do not hibernate. They make their day beds out of broken branches in trees, and rest in caves during the wet season. Sloth bears are the most nocturnal of bears, though sows become more active in daytime when with cubs. Reproduction The breeding season for sloth bears varies according to location: in India, they mate in April, May, and June, and give birth in December and early January, while in Sri Lanka, it occurs all year. Sows gestate for 210 days, and typically give birth in caves or in shelters under boulders. Litters usually consist of one or two cubs, or rarely three. Cubs are born blind, and open their eyes after four weeks. Sloth bear cubs develop quickly compared to most other bear species: they start walking a month after birth, become independent at 24–36 months, and become sexually mature at the age of three years. Young cubs ride on their mother's back when she walks, runs, or climbs trees until they reach a third of her size. Individual riding positions are maintained by cubs through fighting. Intervals between litters can last two to three years. Dietary habits Sloth bears are expert hunters of termites and ants, which they locate by smell. On arriving at a mound, they scrape at the structure with their claws till they reach the large combs at the bottom of the galleries, and disperse the soil with violent puffs. The termites are then sucked up through the muzzle, producing a sucking sound which can be heard 180 m away. Their sense of smell is strong enough to detect grubs 3 ft below ground. Unlike other bears, they do not congregate in feeding groups. Sloth bears may supplement their diets with fruit, plant matter, carrion, and very rarely other mammals. In March and April, they eat the fallen petals of mowha trees and are partial to mangoes, sugar cane, jackfruit, and the pods of the golden shower tree. Sloth bears are extremely fond of honey. When feeding their cubs, sows are reported to regurgitate a mixture of half-digested jack fruit, wood apples, and pieces of honeycomb. This sticky substance hardens into a dark yellow, circular, bread-like mass which is fed to the cubs. This "bear's bread" is considered a delicacy by some of India's natives. Relationships with other animals The large canine teeth of sloth bears, relative to both its overall body size and to the size of the canine teeth of other bear species, and the aggressive disposition of sloth bears, may be a defense in interactions with large, dangerous animals, such as the tiger, elephant, and rhinoceros. Bengal tigers occasionally prey on sloth bears. Tigers usually give sloth bears a wide berth, though some specimens may become habitual bear killers, and it is not uncommon to find sloth bear fur in tiger scats. Tigers typically hunt sloth bears by waiting for them near termite mounds, then creeping behind them and seizing them by the back of their necks and forcing them to the ground with their weight. One tiger was reported to simply break its victim's back with its paw, then wait for the paralysed bear to exhaust itself trying to escape before going in for the kill. When confronted by tigers face to face, sloth bears charge at them, crying loudly. A young or already sated tiger usually retreats from an assertive sloth bear, as the bear's claws can inflict serious wounds, and most tigers end the hunt if the bears become aware of the tiger's presence before the pounce. Sloth bears may scavenge on tiger kills. As tigers are known to mimic the calls of sambar deer to attract them, sloth bears react fearfully even to the sounds made by deer themselves. In 2011, a female bear with cubs was observed to stand her ground and prevail in a confrontation against two tigers (one female, one male) in rapid succession. Besides tigers there are few predators of sloth bears. However, leopards can also be a threat, as they are able to follow sloth bears up trees. Bear cubs are probably far more vulnerable and healthy adult bears may be avoided by leopards. One leopard killed a three-quarters grown female sloth bear in an apparently lengthy fight that culminated in the trees. Apparently, a sloth bear killed a leopard in a confrontation in Yala National Park, Sri Lanka but was itself badly injured in the fight and was subsequently put down by park rangers. Sloth bears occasionally chase leopards from their kills. Dhole packs may attack sloth bears. When attacking them, dholes try to prevent the bear from retreating into caves. Unlike tigers which prey on sloth bears of all size, there is little evidence that dholes are a threat to fully-grown sloth bears other than exceptionally rare cases. In one case, a golden jackal (a species much smaller and less powerful than a sloth bear and not generally a pack hunter as is the dhole) was seen to aggressively displace an adult bear which passively loped away from the snapping canid, indicating the sloth bear does not regard other carnivores as competition. Sloth bears are sympatric with Asiatic black bears in northern India, and the two species, along with the sun bear, coexist in some of the national parks and wildlife sanctuaries. They are also found together in Assam, Manipur, and Mizoram, in the hills south of the Brahmaputra River, the only places occupied by all three bear species. The three species do not act aggressively toward each other. This may be because the three species generally differ in habit and dietary preferences. Asian elephants apparently do not tolerate sloth bears in their vicinity. The reason for this is unknown, as individual elephants known to maintain their composure near tigers have been reported to charge bears. The Indian rhinoceros has a similar intolerance for sloth bears, and will charge at them. Status and conservation IUCN estimates that fewer than 20,000 sloth bears survive in the wilds of the Indian subcontinent and Sri Lanka. The sloth bear is listed in Schedule I of the Indian Wildlife Protection Act, 1972, which provides for their legal protection. International trade of the sloth bear is prohibited as it is listed in Appendix I of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species. To address the human-bear conflict, people may be educated about the conservation ethics, particularly among locals. To resolve this conflict, the basic issue of deteriorating habitat, which is the reason for the conflict between people and bears, improvements through government or community-based reforestation programmes, may be promoted. The population of sloth bears grows when they live in high-profile reserves that protect species, such as tigers and elephants. Directly managed reserves could conserve the sloth bear, hence such reserves must be supported. The government of India has banned use of sloth bears for entertainment, and a 'Sloth Bear Welfare Project' in the country has the objective of putting an end to their use for entertainment. However, their number in such activity is still large. Many organisations are helping in the conservation and preservation of sloth bears in safe places. Major sloth bear sanctuaries in India include the Daroji bear sanctuary, Karnataka. Relationships with humans Attacks on humans Sloth bears are one of the most aggressive extant bears and, due to large human populations often closely surrounding reserves that hold bears, aggressive encounters and attacks are unfortunately relatively frequent. Going on raw numbers, this is the species of bear that most regularly attacks humans. A single Indian district seems to report a roughly equal number of fatalities for humans each year from sloth bears as do the entire nearly circumpolar range of brown bears. Only the Himalayan black bear subspecies of Asian black bear is nearly as dangerous. Sloth bears likely view humans as potential predators, as their reactions to them (roaring, followed by retreat or charging) are similar to those evoked in the presence of tigers and leopards. Their long claws, which are ideally adapted for digging at termite mounds, make adults less capable of climbing trees to escape danger, as are other bears such as Asian black bears. Therefore, sloth bears have seemingly evolved to deal with threats by behaving aggressively. For the same reason, brown bears can be similarly inclined, accounting for the relatively high incidence of seemingly nonpredatory aggression towards humans in these two bear species. According to Robert Armitage Sterndale, in his Mammalia of India (1884, p. 62): Captain Williamson in his Oriental Field Sports wrote of how sloth bears rarely killed their human victims outright, but would suck and chew on their limbs till they were reduced to bloody pulps. One specimen, known as the sloth bear of Mysore, was responsible for the deaths of 12 people and the mutilation of 24 others. It was shot by Kenneth Anderson. Although sloth bears have attacked humans, they rarely become man-eaters. Dunbar-Brander's Wild Animals of Central India mentions a case in which a sow with two cubs began a six-week reign of terror in Chanda, a district of the Central Provinces, during which more than one of their victims had been eaten, while the sloth bear of Mysore partially ate at least three of its victims. R.G. Burton deduced from comparing statistics that sloth bears killed more people than Asian black bears, and Theodore Roosevelt considered them to be more dangerous than American black bears. Unlike some other bear species, which at times make mock charges at humans when surprised or frightened without making physical contact, sloth bears frequently appear to initiate a physical attack almost immediately. When people living near an aggressive population of sloth bears were armed with rifles, it was found that it was an ineffective form of defense, since the bear apparently charges and knocks the victim back (often knocking the rifle away) before the human has the chance to defend himself. In Madhya Pradesh, sloth bear attacks accounted for the deaths of 48 people and the injuring of 686 others between 1989 and 1994, probably due in part to the density of population and competition for food sources. A total of 137 attacks (resulting in 11 deaths) occurred between April 1998 and December 2000 in the North Bilaspur Forest Division of Chhattisgarh. The majority of attacks were perpetrated by single bears, and occurred in kitchen gardens, crop fields, and in adjoining forests during the monsoon season. One Mr. Watts Jones wrote a first-hand account of how it feels to be attacked by a sloth bear, recalling when he failed to score a direct hit against a bear he had targeted: In 2016, according to a forest official, a female bear had killed three people, and hurt five others in Gujarat State's Banaskantha district, near Balaram Ambaji Wildlife Sanctuary, with some of the casualties being colleagues. At first, an attempt was made to trace and cage it, but this failed, costing the life of one official, and so a team of both officials and policemen shot the bear. In Karnataka's Bellary district, most of the attacks by sloth bears occurred outside forests, when they entered settlements and farmlands in search of food and water. Hunting and products One method of hunting sloth bears involved the use of beaters, in which case, a hunter waiting on a post could either shoot the approaching bear through the shoulder or on the white chest mark if it was moving directly to him. Sloth bears are very resistant to body shots, and can charge hunters if wounded, though someone of steady nerves could score a direct hit from within a few paces of a charging bear. Sloth bears were easy to track during the wet season, as their clear footprints could be followed straight to their lairs. The majority of sloth bears killed in forests were due to chance encounters with them during hunts for other game. In hilly or mountainous regions, two methods were used to hunt them there. One was to lie in wait above the bear's lair at dawn and wait for the bear to return from its nocturnal foraging. Another was to rouse them at daytime by firing flares into the cave to draw them out. Sloth bears were also occasionally speared on horseback. In Sri Lanka, the baculum of a sloth bear was once used as a charm against barrenness. Tameability Officers in British India often kept sloth bears as pets. The wife of Kenneth Anderson kept an orphaned sloth bear cub from Mysore, which she named "Bruno". The bear could be fed on almost anything (including motor oil) and was very affectionate toward people. It was even taught numerous tricks, such as cradling a woodblock like a baby or pointing a bamboo stick like a gun. Dancing bears were historically a popular entertainment in India, dating back to the 13th century and the pre-Mughal era. The Kalandars, who practised the tradition of capturing sloth bears for entertainment purposes, were often employed in the courts of Mughal emperors to stage spectacles involving trained bears. They were once common in the towns of Calcutta, where they often disturbed the horses of British officers. Despite a ban on the practice that was enacted in 1972, as many as 800 dancing bears were in the streets of India during the latter part of the 20th century, particularly on the highway between Delhi, Agra, and Jaipur. Sloth bear cubs, which were usually purchased at the age of six months from traders and poachers, were trained to dance and follow commands through coercive stimuli and starvation. Males were castrated at an early age, and their teeth were knocked out at the age of one year to prevent them from seriously injuring their handlers. The bears were typically fitted with a nose ring attached to a four-foot leash. Some were found to be blind from malnutrition. In 2009, following a seven-year campaign by a coalition of Indian and international animal welfare groups, the last Kalandar dancing bear was set free. The effort to end the practice involved helping the bear handlers find jobs and education, which enabled them to reduce their reliance on dancing-bear income. Cultural references Charles Catton included the bear in his 1788 book Animals Drawn from Nature and Engraved in Aqua-tinta, describing it as an "animal of the bear-kind" and saying it was properly called the "Petre Bear". In Rudyard Kipling's The Jungle Book, Baloo "the sleepy old brown bear" teaches the Law of the Jungle to the wolf cubs of the Seeonee wolf pack, as well as to his most challenging pupil, the "man-cub" Mowgli. Robert Armitage Sterndale, from whom Kipling derived most of his knowledge of Indian fauna, used the Hindustani word bhalu for several bear species, though Daniel Karlin, who edited the Penguin Classics reissue of The Jungle Book in 1989, stated, with the exception of colour, Kipling's descriptions of Baloo are consistent with the sloth bear, as brown bears and Asian black bears do not occur in the Seoni area where the novel takes place. Also, the name "sloth" can be used in the context of sleepiness. Karlin states, however, that Baloo's diet of ".. only roots and nuts and honey" is a trait more common to the Asian black bear than to the sloth bear. Local names: rīn̄ch; also rinchh , bhālu; also rinch , bhālu , ślath bhaluk; kālō bhāluk; also bhaluk , ṛkṣa; also rikspa , karaḍi; kaddi , karaṭi; kaddi , tēnkaraṭi; also pani karudi , elugubaṇṭi; also elugu , asval; also aswal Gond: yerid, yedjal and asol Kol: bana Oraon: bir mendi , valasā; also usa Nepali: भालु, bhālu References Cited sources External links PDF1 PDF2 Field Trip Earth – Field Trip Earth is a conservation education website operated by the North Carolina Zoological Society. Sloth Bear at Animal Diversity Web Sloth Bear Sloth Bear Category:Mammals of India Category:Mammals of Nepal Category:Mammals of Sri Lanka Category:Myrmecophagous mammals Category:Mammals described in 1791 Category:Taxa named by George Shaw	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Taibai Taibai may refer to: Taibai County (太白县), of Baoji, Shaanxi Li Bai (701-762), style name Taibai, Chinese poet Mount Taibai, mountain peak in Shaanxi Province. Towns (太白镇) Taibai, Dangtu County, in Dangtu County, Anhui Taibai, Suiyang County, in Suiyang County, Guizhou Taibai, Wuyuan County, Jiangxi, in Wuyuan County, Jiangxi	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Tom Baruch Tom Baruch (born November 26, 1938) is an American businessman and venture capitalist (VC) based out of San Francisco, California. He was a founding partner of the VC funds CMEA Capital, Formation 8 and is now the Managing Director of his family office: Baruch Future Ventures (BFV). Early life and education Baruch was born to a Jewish family on November 26, 1938 and was raised in Yonkers, New York. He obtained Bachelor of Science degree in engineering from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in 1960, where he was awarded the National Science Foundation fellowship. He then earned a Juris Doctor degree from Capital University in 1967, where he became a member of the Order of the Coif. He is a registered patent attorney and member of the State Bar of Ohio. Early career Baruch started his career at the Battelle Development Corporation in the 1960s. At Exxon Corporation, where he worked for 12 years in the 1970s and early '80s, he managed investments and created several early-stage technology companies applying materials science and semiconductor-industry technologies. He also invested in a company called Supertex (SUPX), which had a successful IPO in 1982. When he left in 1982, he was serving as President of the Exxon Materials Division. Baruch then founded and served as CEO of Microwave Technology, Inc., a supplier of gallium arsenide (GaAs) integrated circuits for defense applications and value-added sub-systems. Baruch served as CEO for 6 years. CMEA Capital Baruch founded CMEA Capital in 1988 in collaboration with New Enterprise Associates (NEA), to focus on venture capital investments in companies applying materials science to innovations that have the ability to transform or create new industries (the acronym CMEA standing for Chemicals and Materials Enterprise Associates). Tom was responsible for managing a total of $1.2 billion of capital across seven funds from inception until July 2010. While at CMEA, Tom led investments including major IPO's and significant liquidity events for Aclara Biosciences, which merged with Monogram Biosciences (MRGM); Netro (NTRO); Entropic Communications, Inc. (ENTR); Flextronics (FLEX); Symyx Technologies (SMMX); Silicon Spice, acquired by Broadcom (BRCM); Codexis, Inc (CDXS), and Intermolecular (IMI). Baruch is now a Partner Emeritus of CMEA and maintains involvement in his portfolio companies. Baruch currently serves as Chairman of Codexis, Inc. and is on the board of Intermolecular, Inc (IMI). Tom also served on the board of CNano Technologies , Exela Pharma Sci , Foro Energy, and Wildcat Discovery Technologies . An area of special interest to Baruch is an innovative process for developing new materials called combinatorial chemistry. It applies a convergence of genomics, Moore’s law hardware and custom software to enable high throughput screening of new materials. Tom has pioneered CMEA’s investments in companies that apply combinatorial synthesis including Codexis, Intermolecular, Symyx Technologies, and Wildcat Discovery. Formation 8 Baruch was a Founding Partner of new VC fund capitalized at $448 million and based on globalization of innovation to Asia. The strategy included strong corporate collaborations leading to an investment focus at the intersection of IT with inefficient markets in energy, banking, finance, education, real estate, insurance and government. Served as a director in several portfolio companies including: Algal Scientific (food security); FORO Energy (novel high power lasers and fiber optic waveguides for application to oil and gas discovery and production); Grabit (robotics for industrial logistics and supply chain applications to manufacturing); Heliotrope (dynamic architectural windows for energy efficiency); and Taxon (microbial consortia for agriculture and energy industries, which was sold to DuPont in 2015 at a significant step up in 18 months), and also served as a mentor to Formation 8 fund personnel and portfolio company management. Baruch currently served as Partner Emeritus and strategy advisor to Formation 8. Baruch Future Ventures (BFV) Baruch is the founder and managing director of Baruch Future Ventures (BFV). BFV is a venture capital and family office fund that works with innovators and entrepreneurs to address pain points in resource limited and climate sensitive markets in: clean and efficient energy generation, infrastructure, and storage; water treatment and conservation; air quality; food security and sustainable agriculture and health care diagnostics and therapeutics. BFV’s investment strategy is based on the hypothesis that population growth up to a peak of 11 to 12 billion people (vs. 7+ billion currently) will place a tremendous burden on resource availability for a growing earth population having increasing amounts of discretionary spending capability. All nations must have access to energy, food, and water free from threat of shortages and with minimal impact on the environment. Advisory Baruch is an advisor to 8VC, a San Francisco based leading VC fund founded by Joe Lonsdale, ClearSky Power and Technology Fund (a subsidiary of NextEra Energy), and KCK, a family office from England. Public Service Baruch is Trustees Emeritus of the Board of Trustees of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, and he and his wife Johanna established the Center for Biochemical Solar Energy Research. Baruch also serves as a member of the Executive Committee of the Council on Competitiveness and a member of the Steering Committee of its ESIS (Energy, Security, Innovation and Sustainability) Initiative and the U.S. Manufacturing Competitiveness Initiative. He served as a founding member of the National Advisory Council on Innovation and Entrepreneurship (NACIE), where he advised the U.S. Department of Commerce and the White House. Baruch also serves on the board of the Sierra Club Climate Recovery Partnership, as a member of the "Brain Trust" of the ARPA-E program within the U.S. Department of Energy. Tom recently served as part of the IPO Task Force advising the U.S. Department of the Treasury in connection with necessity of programs to stimulate start-up activity in the US . Baruch is a member of the board of directors to the Society Kauffman Fellows and a trustee of the 'That May May See' program within the University of California, San Francisco . Baruch is also an advisor to Humanity United, a social investment organization committed to bringing an end to slavery and mass atrocities. References External links Bloomberg Businessweek Executive Profile Thomas R. Baruch J.D CMEA Capital on the Prowl for Cleantech Investments On the Business Climate in the State of California CMEA Raises $400 Million Seventh Fund Relationships for Innovation Category:Living people Category:Businesspeople from San Francisco Category:Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute alumni Category:Ohio lawyers Category:Place of birth missing (living people) Category:1938 births	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Nick Stokes Nicholas "Nick" Stokes is a fictional character from the CBS crime drama CSI: Crime Scene Investigation, portrayed by George Eads. He made his first screen appearance in the show's pilot, broadcast on October 6, 2000, and departed the series on February 15, 2015, in "The End Game". Eads is credited in 335 episodes of the series. Character background Nicholas Stokes was born in Dallas, Texas, to Judge Bill Stokes and lawyer Jillian Stokes as the youngest of seven children, with at least one brother. As a child, he showed athletic and academic potential and played football. Overall, he had a happy childhood and a close relationship with his parents. Nick's father calls him "Pancho" and Nick, in turn, calls his father "Cisco", both characters from the television show, The Cisco Kid. During the conclusion of one episode, Gil Grissom uses the name to calm Nick while rescuing him from a coffin that was rigged with explosives. Nick's early life was not without pain, however; he was molested at age nine by a female babysitter. As a result, he often has difficulty investigating crimes committed against children. Nick attended Texas A&M University, where he pledged at a fraternity. After leaving college, he joined the Dallas Police Department and took a job with the crime lab, where he specialized in hair and fiber analysis. Because of a feeling that he would not be able to match his parents' considerable achievements, Nick decided to leave Texas for Las Vegas. There, he found he could "be his own man", and joined its successful CSI team under the leadership of Grissom in 1997. Career Nick has a natural empathy with the people affected by the crimes he investigates, in contrast with many of his colleagues, who prefer to keep an emotional distance. On occasion, Nick's empathy causes friction with his colleague Warrick Brown and with his supervisor, Grissom, but Nick defends his approach and it often proves beneficial to the case. Nick has a good command of Spanish; he frequently deals with cases involving Hispanics and the Latino community. Nick is one of the CSI team that carries and uses a gun most often. He carried a few different guns including a stainless Walther P99 and a two-tone H&K USP during his time on the show and also kept a Glock Model 19 as an off duty/undercover piece. Nick is a fairly good shot and of the CSI team was one of the most willing to engage in a gun battle but he almost always tried to use other methods first. In season six, Nick grows a moustache then shaves it off. He has had a variety of hair cuts, such as a mop-top and a shaved head. In the season-five episode "Grave Danger," Nick is kidnapped and buried alive in a glass coffin rigged with explosives. He was previously stalked by Nigel Crane, a cable technician, who threw him from a second-story window. Nick is characterized as something of a ladies' man, but the only onscreen romance over the course of the series is a brief affair with a prostitute named Kristi Hopkins and a date with Dr. Robbins's niece. His bad luck in relationships might be explained by a running gag that whenever Nick is with a woman, misfortune befalls someone else. For example, he has a one-night stand with Kristi, and she is murdered later that night, resulting in him being a suspect. Also, Nick and Catherine go to a club together, then shortly after Nick meets a woman at the club, Catherine is drugged and abducted. Again, during breakfast with the team at a diner, Nick eyes a pretty waitress and stays behind to get her number, while Warrick leaves. Shortly afterward, Warrick is murdered. In the season 13 episode "Play Dead", Nick refers to a girlfriend in passing when talking to his dog, Sam. Catherine turns down an offer to move into Grissom's office and offers it to Nick. He accepts it after some thought, then, in turn, decides to share the office space with Greg Sanders and Riley Adams. Grissom's infamous "fetal pig in a jar" is placed in the room by Hodges, who says, "it is where it belongs". Nick is promoted to assistant supervisor after Sara Sidle advises Catherine that she needs a "number two". Nick handles tarantulas and takes Grissom's old tarantula under his care. However, Nick's promotion is compromised after the squad tries to apprehend serial killer Nate Haskell in Los Angeles. Nick and Dr. Raymond "Ray" Langston are apprehended by the LAPD for going beyond their jurisdiction, when Nick used his gun in attempt to apprehend Haskell. Haskell kills Tina, but Ray is implicated in her death. Nick returns from a work-related trip to find that he has lost his office to new CSI supervisor D.B. Russell (season 12 premiere). In the season-12 finale, "Homecoming", Nick announces to his colleagues that he is quitting his job at CSI, as he is no longer able to stand the widespread corruption in the department. He then walks out of the room and appears to be heading out of the building. In the season 13 premiere, "Karma to Burn", following a drunken confrontation with police, he is convinced by Sara Sidle to return to the team. In "The End Game", Nick leaves Las Vegas when he is named the director of the San Diego PD crime lab. Nick reveals to Sara that he has gotten an offer that is too good to refuse, but it will mean walking away from the friendships he has cultivated in good old Sin City. Sara reminds him that she will only be a car-ride away and reminds him what Gil Grissom would say to him: "You gotta go where you can do the most good". Relationship with colleagues Nick is an affable man, friendly even to David Hodges. Prior to Warrick's death, the duo are good friends and Nick sets up a college fund for Warrick's son. Nick colludes with Greg and Hodges to kidnap Henry for his birthday celebrations. He shares a good-natured relationship with Gil Grissom. When a new investigator, Ray Langston, takes his first case, Nick acts as his mentor, giving him tips and helping with the investigation. Nick flirts a little with Catherine Willows, his good friend and coworker, who becomes something of an "older sister" figure to him. When Nick learns of Willows' resignation, and she says goodbye, Nick cries and tells Willows that she will always be with them at CSI. Departure Eads' departure from CSI: Crime Scene Investigation was announced in November 2014, and Nick made his exit at the end of the 15th and final season. References External sources Nick Stokes Biography. Category:CSI: Crime Scene Investigation characters Category:Fictional characters from Texas Category:Fictional Las Vegas Police Department detectives Category:Fictional scientists Category:Television characters introduced in 2000 Category:Fictional detectives Category:Fictional victims of kidnapping Category:Fictional child sexual abuse victims Category:Fictional stalking victims	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Tajul Muluk Tajul Muluk (born c. 1971 as Ali Murtadha) is a Shia religious leader of Madura Island, Indonesia. In December 2011, his pesantren was burned down in an arson attack by anti-Shiite protesters. In March 2012, he was charged with blasphemy; the following month he was arrested, leading Amnesty International to designate him a prisoner of conscience. Early life Tajul Muluk's father Makmun was a Kyai (an expert in Islam) living in Sampang Regency. After coming to admire the Shiite Ayatollah Khomeini from newspapers sent by a friend in Iran in the early 1980s, Makmun sent his four children to a Shiite-dominated pesantren (religious boarding school) in Bangil, Pasuruan. Tajul Muluk later continued his studies in Saudi Arabia in 1993, where he lived doing miscellaneous jobs until 1999, when he returned to Sampang. School founding Following the request of some residents to speak about his religious education, he opened his own Shiite-oriented pesantren, Misbahul Huda, in the village of Nangkernang. In 2006, a kyai and other Sunni leaders of Nangkernang began to object to the presence of the Shiite school, calling it a "deviant sect", and in April 2007, a protest against the school's celebration of the birth of Muhammad was attended by thousands. In 2009, Tajul's brother Roisul left the Shiites to become a Sunni, and began to speak against Tajul. Tajul attributed Roisul's anger to a conflict over a woman Roisul had wanted to marry, while Roisul stated that the conflict stemmed from Tajul's proselytizing. The resulting conflict was settled by the mediation of the Indonesian Ulema Council. Several Sunni ulama demanded that Tajul sign an agreement that he would not proselytize, but Tajul refused. Arson attack On 29 December 2011, the pesantren was attacked by a group of armed anti-Shiite protesters. The pesantren buildings as well as the homes of Tajul Muluk and his brother Iklil were burned down, and Muluk and other group members were threatened with death; two other homes, a madrasah, and a musholla were also burned to the ground. Iklil, present for the attack, later stated that he witnessed two police officers in the crowd standing still. He further alleged that though the police had sufficient warning of the protest, they took no action to stop the attack. A man named Muslika was identified and arrested by police as one of the planners of the arson, but Tajul stated his belief that his brother Roisul was the attack's true leader. On 8 March 2012, a Commission for Missing Persons and Victims of Violence (KONTRAS) advocacy team criticized the handling of the investigation and the continued threats against Sampang's Shiites, calling it "discriminative". Following the attack, KONTRAS also requested that Tajul and 22 of his followers receive protection through the Witness and Victim Protection Agency. , the attack remains unsolved. Blasphemy arrest On 1 January 2012, the Sampang branch of the Indonesian Ulema Council released a fatwa which called Tajul's teachings "deviant", and on 3 January, Roisul formally reported him to the police for blasphemy. On 6 March, the East Java police questioned Tajul about the potential blasphemy charges. He was charged on 16 March under Article 156a of the Criminal Code for "defamation of religion" and Article 335 of the Criminal Code for "unpleasant acts", which carries a sentence of five years in prison. He was required to report to the provincial police weekly. On 12 April, after reporting, he was arrested. As of 18 April, he was being held in a prison in Sampang until his trial. According to his elder brother Ustad Iklil al-Milal, Tajul is often threatened by other prisoners, which is allowed by the guards. Amnesty International objected to his detention, stating, "He is a prisoner of conscience and should be released immediately and unconditionally. These blasphemy laws are fundamentally incompatible with Indonesia’s international human rights obligations to protect and respect freedom of expression, and freedom of thought, conscience, religion and equality." Andy Irfan Junaidi, coordinator for KONTRAS in Semarang, said that Tajul was not provoking inter-faith conflict like several earlier "deviant" leaders, but only practicing Shiite as it is done internationally. He argued that if the government wished to find Tajul guilty of blasphemy, it would have to declare Shiite deviant throughout Indonesia. Due to the prevalence of anti-Shiite activism in Sampang, Tajul's lawyer requested that the trial be moved to Surabaya, the provincial capital, in order to ensure Tajul received a fair trial and avoid potential riots. Tempo magazine notes that several pieces of evidence are expected to be used as evidence against Tajul, including several books he has written and formal letters. August 2012 attacks On 26 August 2012, Tajul's community in Sampang was attacked again by a 500-person mob. One man, Muhammad Hasyim, was killed and another hospitalized. Amnesty International called on Indonesia to investigate the attacks and take steps to protect the community in the future. References Category:Living people Category:1970s births Category:Indonesian prisoners and detainees Category:Indonesian Shia Muslims Category:Converts to Shia Islam from Sunni Islam Category:Amnesty International prisoners of conscience held by Indonesia Category:People prosecuted for blasphemy Category:People from Sampang Regency	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Tim Kempton Jr. Tim Kempton Jr. (born April 28, 1995) is an American basketball player who last played for Kolossos Rodou of the Greek Basket League. He played college basketball at Lehigh University, where he was the 2015 and 2016 Patriot League Player of the Year. He is the son of retired National Basketball Association (NBA) player Tim Kempton. College career A 6'10" center and power forward, Kempton played high school basketball at Brophy College Preparatory in Phoenix, Arizona. For college, he chose Lehigh, where as a freshman in 2013–14 he averaged 13.0 points and 7.1 rebounds per game and was named the Patriot League Rookie of the Year. In his sophomore season, Kempton raised his averages to 15.3 points and 8.7 rebounds per game and was named first-team All-Patriot League, Patriot League Player of the Year and an honorable mention All-American by the Associated Press. He repeated the honor in his junior season, averaging 17.7 points and 9.5 rebounds per game at Lehigh. Finally, in his senior season, Kempton recorded 20.4 points and 10.3 rebounds per game, joining Alec Peters that year as the only players to average at least 20 points and 10 rebounds per game. He ended his college career with a total of 2,043 points and 1,091 rebounds recorded. Professional career Bilbao / Bnei Herzliya (2017–18) After going undrafted in the 2017 NBA draft, Kempton joined the Milwaukee Bucks for the 2017 NBA Summer League. On June 16, 2017, Kempton started his professional career with the Spanish team Bilbao Basket. However, on November 8, 2017, Kempton parted ways with Bilbao after appearing in eleven games. Two days later, Kempton signed with the Israeli team Bnei Herzliya for the rest of the season. Kolossos Rodou (2018) On July 27, 2018, Kempton signed with the Greek team Kolossos Rodou for the 2018–19 season. See also List of NCAA Division I men's basketball players with 2,000 points and 1,000 rebounds References External links Lehigh Mountain Hawks bio RealGM profile Profile at ACB.com Category:1995 births Category:Living people Category:American expatriate basketball people in Greece Category:American expatriate basketball people in Israel Category:American expatriate basketball people in Spain Category:American men's basketball players Category:Basketball players from Arizona Category:Bilbao Basket players Category:Bnei Hertzeliya basketball players Category:Centers (basketball) Category:Kolossos Rodou B.C. players Category:Lehigh Mountain Hawks men's basketball players Category:Liga ACB players Category:Power forwards (basketball) Category:Sportspeople from Scottsdale, Arizona	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Yauco (disambiguation) Yauco may refer to: Places Puerto Rico Yauco barrio-pueblo, administrative center of Yauco Yauco metropolitan area, a metro area Yauco River, a river Yauco, Puerto Rico, a municipio of Puerto Rico Other Yauco Battle Site, in 19th century battle site	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Lulu (1973 album) Lulu is a 1973 album by British singer Lulu. It was her first album on Chelsea Records. Produced by American songwriter Wes Farrell, the lead single was "Make Believe World". It also included covers of "Groovin'", "Do Right Woman, Do Right Man" and David Cassidy's "Could it Be Forever". The album failed to chart, although Lulu came back to prominence a few months later with the release of the hit single "The Man Who Sold the World". The single reached No.3 in the UK and became one of the singer's biggest hits, but was not included on this album. Although the album met with little chart success, reviews were good, with Allmusic retrospectively calling it "top class". The album was released on Polydor Records in Australia. Tracks from Lulu were released on Compact disc on a compilation with her following album in 1999. Track listing Side one "Make Believe World" (Tony Macaulay) 3:25 "Groovin'" (Eddie Brigati Jr., Felix Cavaliere) 2:43 "Easy Evil" (Alan O'Day) 3:12 "I Wish" (Austin Roberts) 3:07 "A Boy Like You" (Eddie Brigati Jr., Felix Cavaliere) 2:55 Side two "Hold On to What You've Got" (Dallon, Ritchie, Spence) 3:33 "Could It Be Forever" (Wes Farrell, Danny Janssen) 3:48 "Funny How Time Slips Away" (Willie Nelson) 3:12 "Do Right Woman, Do Right Man" (Dan Penn, Chips Moman) 2:29 "Help Me Help You" (Wes Farrell, Bobby Hart, Danny Janssen, Austin Roberts) 2:25 Personnel Lulu – vocals Don Peake – guitar Max Bennett – bass guitar Chuck Findley – trumpet Victor Feldman – percussion Tom Hensley – piano Dean Parks – guitar Hal Blaine – drums Dick Hyde – trombone Joe Osborn – bass guitar Gary Coleman – percussion Louis Shelton – guitar Michael Omartian – piano References Category:Lulu (singer) albums Category:1973 albums Category:Albums produced by Wes Farrell Category:Polydor Records albums	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Melody Cruise Melody Cruise is Slipping Stitches' first full-length release. Michael Monroe of Hanoi Rocks fame appears on the bonus tracks as producer, lyricist, and vocalist. Credits Band Cashmire Starz – vocals, guitar, keyboard Marty Stitch – Guitar, vocals, keyboard Madison Pulse – Bass Lexx Avenue – drums Guests: Michael Monroe - vocals Category:2004 debut albums Category:Slipping Stitches albums	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Edsel Ford Edsel Bryant Ford (November 6, 1893 – May 26, 1943) was the son of Clara Jane Bryant Ford and the only child of Henry Ford. He was the president of Ford Motor Company from 1919 until his death in 1943. His eldest son was Henry Ford II. He worked closely with his father, as sole heir to the business, but was keen to develop cars more exciting than the Model T ("Tin Lizzie"), in line with his personal tastes. Even as president, he had trouble persuading his father to allow any departure from this formula. Only a change in market conditions enabled him to develop the more fashionable Model A in 1927. Edsel also founded the Mercury division and was responsible for the Lincoln Zephyr and Lincoln Continental. He introduced important features, such as hydraulic brakes, and greatly strengthened the company's overseas production. Ford was a major art benefactor in Detroit and also financed Admiral Richard Byrd's polar explorations. He died of stomach cancer aged 49, with his father resuming the presidency of the company, before handing it over to Henry Ford II. Life and career Edsel Ford was born in Detroit, Michigan, US, as the only child of Clara and Henry Ford, being named for Edsel Ruddiman, one of Henry Ford's closest childhood friends. He was groomed to take over the family automobile business, and grew up tinkering on cars with his father. He became secretary of Ford in 1915, and married Eleanor Lowthian Clay (1896–1976), the niece of department store owner J. L. Hudson, on November 1, 1916. Together, they had four children: Henry Ford II (1917–1987), Benson Ford (1919–1978), Josephine Clay Ford (1923–2005), and William Clay Ford (1925–2014). They made their home at 2171 Iroquois Street, in the Indian Village neighborhood of Detroit. Ford went to The Hotchkiss School, in Lakeville, Connecticut, and the Detroit University School. His family donated to both institutions. The school library at Hotchkiss is named the Edsel Ford Memorial Library. The younger Ford showed more interest than his father in flashier styling for automobiles. He indulged this proclivity in part with the purchase of the Lincoln Motor Company in 1922. His affinity for sports cars was demonstrated in his personal vehicles: Edsel bought the first MG motorcar imported to the US. In 1932, he had an aluminum, boat-tailed speedster automobile custom designed by Ford's first designer, E. T. (Bob) Gregorie and featuring Ford's brand-new V8, the first low-cost, eight-cylinder engine. This car was sold at an auction during the Amelia Island Concours d'Elegance in 1976. After becoming the president of Ford, he long advocated the introduction of a more modern automobile to replace the Model T, but was repeatedly overruled by his father. Dwindling market share finally made introduction of a new model inevitable: the Model A. During the design of the Model A in 1927, Henry Ford assured mechanical quality and reliability, allowing his son to develop the body, with the help of designer József Galamb. Edsel also prevailed upon his father to allow the inclusion of four-wheel mechanical brakes and a sliding-gear transmission on this model. The resulting Model A was a commercial success, selling over four million during four years of production. As president, Edsel Ford often disagreed with his father on major decisions and was occasionally humiliated in public by the older man. The relationship between the father and son was always close, but always fraught with unhealthy aspects. Edsel managed to introduce many lasting changes. He founded and named the Mercury division. He was responsible for the Lincoln Zephyr and Continental. He significantly strengthened Ford Motors' overseas production, and modernized the company's cars, such as by introducing hydraulic brakes. World War II The Ford Motor Company played a key role in the arming of the US "Arsenal of Democracy". With Edsel leading the company, he set the goal of producing one bomber per hour at Ford's expansive Willow Run manufacturing complex, where the B-24 was produced. It was said that the stress of this job caused Edsel to become mortally ill. Death and legacy Edsel Ford developed metastatic stomach cancer and undulant fever. Surgery for the cancer was unsuccessful due to the metastasis. Ford died in 1943 at Gaukler Point, in his lakeside home in Grosse Pointe Shores, at the age of 49. His father resumed the presidency of the company. All of Edsel Ford's nonvoting stock was donated through a codicil in his will to the Ford Foundation, which he had founded with his father seven years earlier. He is buried at Woodlawn Cemetery in Detroit, Michigan. Each of Edsel Ford's children inherited sizable shares in the Ford Motor Company, and the three sons all worked in the family business. Henry Ford II succeeded his grandfather as president of Ford on September 21, 1945. Edsel Ford was one of the most significant art benefactors in Detroit history. As president of the Detroit Arts Commission, he commissioned the famous Diego Rivera Detroit Industry Murals in the Detroit Institute of Arts (DIA). He was an early collector of African art and his contributions became part of the core of the original DIA African art collection. After his death, his family continued to make significant contributions. He helped finance exploratory expeditions, including the historic flight of Admiral Richard Byrd over the North Pole in 1926. Byrd, in his Antarctic expeditions, also financed by Edsel, named the Edsel Ford Range of mountains after him. Other Antarctic homages include Ford Massif, Ford Nunataks, and Ford Peak. Interstate 94 in the Detroit Metropolitan Area is named the Edsel Ford Freeway. In September 1957, Ford Motor Company unveiled a new division of cars called Edsel. The Edsel division included the Citation, Corsair, Pacer, Ranger, Bermuda, Villager, and Roundup models. The Edsel division is remembered as a significant commercial failure. The cars sold moderately well in their first year, but the Edsel division was discontinued soon after the 1960 models were introduced. Edsel and Eleanor Ford House In 1929, the Ford family moved into Gaukler Point, their new home designed by Albert Kahn in 1929, on the shores of Lake St. Clair in Grosse Pointe Shores, Michigan. The estate's gardens were designed by landscape architect Jens Jensen with his traditional long view, giving visitors a glimpse of the residence down the long meadow before revealing the entire house at drive's end. He also designed the gardens for Edsel and Eleanor's summer estate Skylands in Seal Harbor on Mount Desert Island in Maine. Jensen designed work for their two other Michigan residences, one being Haven Hill, between 1922 and 1935. Haven Hill, now within the Highland Recreation Area near White Lake Township in southeastern Michigan, is designated as both a Michigan State Historical Landmark and State Natural Preserve. Jensen's landscape elements, with the diversity of tree, plant, and animal life, combine aesthetics, history, and nature. Edsel Ford died at Gaukler Point in 1943. His wife Eleanor continued living there until her death in 1976. It was her wish that the property be used for "the benefit of the public." The Edsel and Eleanor Ford House is now open to the public. Located on , the house has an excellent collection of the Fords' original antiques and art, and the historical landscape grounds on the lakefront. The museum currently hosts tours, classes, lectures, and special events. The property is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. See also Ford family tree Edsel and Eleanor Ford House References Further reading External links Official Edsel & Eleanor Ford 'Gaukler Point' house museum website. Official Edsel & Eleanor Ford 'Haven Hill' estate museum website. Detroit Institute of Arts. Category:1893 births Category:1943 deaths Category:American art collectors Category:American chief executives of manufacturing companies Category:Automotive pioneers Category:Burials at Woodlawn Cemetery (Detroit, Michigan) Category:Businesspeople from Detroit Category:Deaths from cancer in Michigan Category:Deaths from stomach cancer Category:Ford executives Category:Henry Ford family Category:Hotchkiss School alumni Category:Philanthropists from Michigan Category:People associated with the Detroit Institute of Arts Category:People from Grosse Pointe Shores, Michigan Category:People in the automobile industry Category:20th-century American businesspeople	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Black Bay River (Grenada) The Black Bay River is a river of Grenada. See also List of rivers of Grenada References GEOnet Names Server Grenada map Category:Rivers of Grenada	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Dogwood, Indiana Dogwood is an unincorporated community in Webster Township, Harrison County, Indiana. History A post office was established at Dogwood in 1890, and remained in operation until it was discontinued in 1922. The community was likely named after the dogwood tree. Geography Dogwood is located at . References Category:Unincorporated communities in Harrison County, Indiana Category:Unincorporated communities in Indiana Category:Louisville metropolitan area	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Rocktober Blood Rocktober Blood is a 1984 horror film, directed by Beverly Sebastian and starring Tray Loren, Donna Scoggins and Cana Cockrell. It features the band Sorcery as actors and on the soundtrack. Plot The film opens in a recording studio, where singer Billy "Eye" Harper (Tray Loren) is in a session working on a few tracks with his band and his girlfriend Lynn Starling (Donna Scoggins), also a back up singer. After he finishes the recording, Billy and the rest of the band leave. Despite trying to record her own vocal tracks, Lynn is left to go to the jacuzzi upstairs, after refusing Kevin (Kevin Eddy) the recording engineer's offer to join her. Meanwhile, Billy returns to the studio, where he finds only Kevin and Mary (Mary Well), Kevin's assistant. In an enigmatic move, Billy kills Kevin by slitting his throat and impales Mary on a wall-mounted coat peg. When Lynn returns, she finds Billy smoking some drugs at the recording studio's control panel. Lynn is unaware that Billy has just killed both Kevin and Mary while she was gone. Once Lynn finds out, she is saved by some security guards. After a brief intermission, it is two years later, where it is revealed that Billy was captured, tried and executed. It is now the "Rocktober Blood Tour Press Party", and Lynn and the remaining band members are touring as "Headmistress". A VJ who interviews Lynn, asks several questions about the band's tour, as well as Billy's fall from grace, to which Lynn responds by stating that identifying Billy was "the hardest thing she ever had to do." A mysterious figure then appears in a Halloween "death" mask, and tells Lynn to meet with Chris (Nigel Benjamin), the band's manager, in the office. When she arrives in the office, she is cornered by Billy, in the same death mask, who leaves her curled up, and crying on the floor. After that, Billy persistently stalks Lynn, killing people involved with her along the way, but hiding their bodies, to make others think she is crazy by claiming that Billy is after her. Eventually Honey (Cana Cockrell) convinces Lynn to dig up Billy's grave. They find out that Billy is dead, and Lynn assumes that she is hallucinating. The next night, Lynn and the band are getting ready for the show, when Billy reappears and tells Lynn that he is really Billy's twin brother, John Harper, and that she identified the wrong man. John tells Lynn that the people he killed valued Billy more than him, even though he wrote the renowned songs himself. Then John chloroforms Lynn, and the show begins. A prop coffin pops up on the stage, and Lynn is revealed inside. John tells her that his plan is to kill her as the show's grand finale. When John removes his mask, however security rushes in, attacking him with an electric guitar. John manages to scream out the final lyrics to "I'm Back" before the credits roll. Cast Tray Loren as Billy "Eye" Harper Donna Scoggins as Lynn Starling Kevin Eddy as Kevin Mary Well as Mary Cana Cockrell as Honey Bear Renee Hubbard as Donna Lewis Nigel Benjamin as Chris Keane Ben Sebastian as head of security Headmistress Band Perry Morris - Drums Richard Taylor - Guitar Richie King - Bass Lon Cohen - Guitar Soundtrack The songs "Killer on the Loose," "I'm Back," "Rainbow Eyes" and "Watching You" on the soundtrack were recorded by the Los Angeles-based band Sorcery, who also play the part of the Headmistress band in the film. On the tracks written by the Sorcery band for this project, Nigel Benjamin sang three songs; "Killer on the Loose," "I'm Back" and "Watching You." Susie Rose Major sang "Rainbow Eyes," "Kcab m'I" ("I'm Back" in reversed are the SORCERY Band). The group Facedown did "Touch Me," "High School Boys," "Watch Me Rock" and "Can't Kill Rock 'n Roll." "Soul Searcher" was performed by the Eyes. The Soundtrack, and Film were re-released in September of 2015 by Lunaris Records. Sorcery Richard Taylor - lead guitars Lon Cohen - guitars Richie King - bass Perry Morris - drums Facedown Susie Major - vocals Paul Bennette - guitars Michael Zionch - bass Barry Brant - drums Eyes Nigel Benjamin - vocals Bob Steffan - guitars John Telsco - bass Pat Reagen - keyboards Richard Onri - drums References External links Horrormetalsouds YouTube Amazon.com Toilettovhell Sorcerymusic.com Category:1984 films Category:English-language films Category:1980s independent films Category:1980s mystery films Category:1980s serial killer films Category:1980s teen horror films Category:American films Category:American teen horror films Category:1984 horror films Category:American slasher films	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Living Syndication Living Syndication is a hard rock band from Massachusetts started by frontman Pervez Taufiq in 2001. They've been described as "tailored blends of Alice In Chains and Tool with enough modernization to attract a younger fan-base" Initially a solo project, it then evolved to being a band which has released two albums which have had moderate success. Two songs in particular "Choke" and "13 Minutes" have been confused by many A Perfect Circle fans as being unreleased or bonus A Perfect Circle tracks from their Emotive CD. These two tracks have been the cause of some confusion amongst fans who've speculated that the tracks were in fact released by Maynard James Keenan on a side project that he was working on at the time. In fact, they were renamed on the file sharing network Limewire and thousands of fans had downloaded the tracks to get an early release of the Emotive album only to find themselves with copies of an upcoming release from Living Syndication. Since that time, Living Syndication has been receiving a steady influx of fans as those files are still in circulation. History Om Factor Pervez Taufiq started Living Syndication in 2001 as a basement project initially playing all the music for demo tracks on his own. Initially bringing on a singer to work with him, he found it easier to just sing the tracks himself. After putting together two demo tracks, Pervez Taufiq released to tracks via the then underground file sharing program, Napster. One of the tracks, "Restrain" had been burned by a DJ at the New York radio station KROCK and played on the air. Shortly after, Pervez received a phone call from A&R David Levy from Flawless Records fielding interest in the tracks and wanting to hear more. Thus began the building of the band, and the early tracks from a 2004 released EP titled "Om Factor". News was spreading about the band and even Universal Records artist Godsmack started coming by to watch the band play shows In 2003, Living Syndication took a demo that they had done of a song named "Choke" and submitted along with 1,800 other bands to AT&T for their contest for CALL ATT. After a month's time, the band was selected from amongst all the acts by Atlantic Records, as a winner of the contest. They proceeded to tour with Kill Hannah as a result, and were able to bolster their fan base as a result. They were receiving opening slots for many of the genre's notable National acts such as Sevendust, Shinedown, Crossfade, Lacuna Coil, Drowning Pool. In early 2003, The band began recording their first LP. Aneurythm After several member changes and delays in recording, Living Syndication released "Aneurythm" on September 27, 2007, an 18 track CD with 79 minutes and 59 seconds of music, the most that any band had ever released on a CD before that time. Living Syndication's song "Hubris" was the theme song for NBC Show CORR (Championship Off Road Racing) While garnering local support on stations such as WAAF, WGIR and WBCN, the band lost members Gregg Irick and Mike Desmond due to Irick wanting to work on production in Texas, and Desmond wanting to play a different format of music. Replacing these members were guitarist Bernard "Senchant" Birgenheier and drummer Joe D'Arco. D'Arco was an original member of Boston based rock band Godsmack. After 8 months, Joe D'Arco left the band due to differences with Pervez and drummer John Spinney joined the band. Indefinite hiatus Living Syndication next album titled Conquistadead was scheduled to be released in early 2010. However, the album has not been released nor has news from the album or the band come to light since 2010, indicating that the band has either separated or have gone through an indefinite hiatus without notification. Discography Albums Band members Pervez Taufiq - (vocals, guitar) John Spinney - (drums) Mike Desmond - (guitar) Andy DeCicco - (bass) Former members Joe D'Arco (drums) Paul Wandtke (drums) Gregg Irick (drums) Robert Lauer (drums) Mike Bodnar (drums) Matt Kaminsky(bass) Jason Musgrove (bass) Mike Durwin (bass) Bryan Croad (guitar) Jimmy Magoon (guitar) Michael Desmond (guitar) Bernard "Senchant" Birgenheier (guitar) References External links Official Website Living Syndication on MySpace Category:Alternative rock groups from Massachusetts	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Balikli Balikli may refer to: Balıklı, Istanbul Church of St. Mary of the Spring (Istanbul) or Zorakert or Balikli, a town in the Shirak Province of Armenia	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
2018–19 TCU Horned Frogs women's basketball team The 2018–19 TCU Horned Frogs women's basketball team represents Texas Christian University in the 2018–19 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The 2018–19 season is head coach Raegan Pebley's fifth season at TCU. The Horned Frogs were members of the Big 12 Conference and played their home games in Schollmaier Arena. They finished the season 24–11, 10–8 in Big 12 play to finish in sixth place. They lost in the quarterfinals of the Big 12 Women's Tournament to Texas. They received an at-large bid to the Women's National Invitation Tournament where they defeated Prairie View A&M, UT Arlington, Arkansas in the first, second and third rounds, Cincinnati in the quarterfinals before losing to Arizona in the semifinals. Roster Schedule and results \|- !colspan=9 style=\| Non-conference regular season \|- !colspan=9 style=\| Big 12 regular season \|- !colspan=9 style=\| Big 12 Women's Tournament \|- !colspan=9 style=\| WNIT Schedule and results from GoFrogs.com Rankings See also 2018–19 TCU Horned Frogs men's basketball team References TCU Category:TCU Horned Frogs women's basketball seasons TCU	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Stony Brook Covered Bridge The Stony Brook Covered Bridge, also called the Moseley Covered Bridge, is a wooden covered bridge that crosses Stony Brook in Northfield, Vermont on Stony Brook Road. Built in 1899, it is one of two surviving 19th-century King post truss bridges in the state. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974. Description and history The Stony Brook Covered Bridge stands in a rural area of southern Northfield, carrying Stony Brook Road across the eponymous brook in a roughly northwest-southeast orientation. It is a single-span King post truss structure, long, with a total width of and a roadway width of (one lane). It is covered by a gabled roof, and its exterior is clad in vertical board siding, which extends a short way inside each portal. The siding does not extend all the way to the roof, providing an open strip between the two. The bridge rests on stone abutments that have been faced in concrete, and has a deck of wooden planks. The bridge was built in 1899, and is believed to be the last King post truss bridge to be built in the historic period of covered bridge construction in the state. It is one of only two historic bridges of this design left standing in the state, the other being the Pine Brook Covered Bridge. It is also one of five covered bridges in Northfield, representing one of the highest concentrations of covered bridges in the state. In 1971 the bridge deck was strengthened by the addition of 5 steel I beams underneath. In 1990 the original granite abutments were faced with concrete. See also List of covered bridges in Vermont National Register of Historic Places listings in Washington County, Vermont List of bridges on the National Register of Historic Places in Vermont References Category:Buildings and structures in Northfield, Vermont Category:Bridges completed in 1899 Category:Covered bridges on the National Register of Historic Places in Vermont Category:Covered bridges in Vermont Category:King post truss bridges in the United States Category:Wooden bridges in Vermont Category:Covered bridges in Washington County, Vermont Category:Road bridges in Vermont Category:1899 establishments in Vermont Category:National Register of Historic Places in Washington County, Vermont Category:Road bridges on the National Register of Historic Places in Vermont	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Honwee Mountain Honwee Mountain, east summit and west summit , is a prominent mountain in the Taconic Mountains of western Massachusetts. The mountain is located in Pittsfield State Forest. The east (highest) summit is traversed by the Honwee Circuit multi-use trail. The west summit is crossed by the Taconic Crest hiking trail and the multi-use Taconic Skyline Trail. The mountain is wooded with northern hardwood forest species. The east peak of Honwee mountain is located within the town of Lanesborough and the west peak in the town of Hancock. A shorter, middle summit , is located between the east and west peaks, but it lacks significant prominence over the connecting ridge it occupies. A prominent spur peak called The Pinnacle, , is located to the west of the main ridgeline. The Taconic Range ridgeline continues north from Honwee Mountain as Poppy Mountain, south as Berry Hill, and west across the Wyomanock Creek valley as West Hill. The southwest side of the mountain drains into Berry Pond Creek, then Wyomanock Creek, thence into Kinderhook Creek, the Hudson River and Long Island Sound. The northwest side drains into Kinderhook Creek. The east side drains into Lulu Creek and Churchill Brook, thence into Onota Lake, the Housatonic River, and Long Island Sound. References Massachusetts Trail Guide (2004). Boston: Appalachian Mountain Club. Commonwealth Connections proposal PDF download. Retrieved March 2, 2008. AMC Massachusetts and Rhode Island Trail Guide (1989). Boston: Appalachian Mountain Club. "Greenways and Trails" Massachusetts DCR. Retrieved February 22, 2008. External links Pittsfield State Forest map Pittsfield State Forest. Massachusetts DCR. Category:Mountains of Berkshire County, Massachusetts Category:Taconic Mountains	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
A13 motorway (Portugal) The A13 motorway is a road in Portugal connecting Santarém to the southward turn of the A2. References Category:Motorways in Portugal	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
De Macedo De Macedo may refer to: Édouard de Macedo Evaristo de Macedo (born 1933), former Brazilian footballer Joaquim Manuel de Macedo (1820–1882), author José Agostinho de Macedo (1761–1831), Portuguese poet and prose writer José Monteiro de Macedo (born 1982), Swedish football defender Lota de Macedo Soares (1910–1967), Brazilian aesthete Leandro Netto de Macedo (born 1979), Brazilian football player João Afonso da Costa de Sousa de Macedo (1815–1890), 1st duke of Albuquerque Vinny deMacedo (born 1965), Cape Verdean American politician See also Macedo De Macedo	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Saunders v United Kingdom Saunders v. the United Kingdom was a legal case heard by the European Court of Human Rights regarding the right against self-incrimination and the presumption of innocence as included in the European Convention on Human Rights Article 6 paragraphs 1 and 2. Facts In R. v. Saunders (1996), Ernest Saunders was convicted on twelve of fifteen counts of conspiracy, false accounting and theft relating to share dealing that occurred in 1986. During the investigation the police relied on section 434(5) of the Companies Act 1985, which made it an offence to refuse to answer questions posed by Inspectors appointed by the Department of Trade and Industry, and provided that the answers to such questions would be admissible in court (unlike earlier acts (e.g. s.31 Theft Act 1968 or s.72 Supreme Court Act 1981) where the exclusion of the right to avoid self-incrimination was tied to a provision that the answers could not be used in evidence). Giving Saunders the option of either incriminating himself or "the court may punish the offender in like manner as if he had been guilty of contempt of the court." Saunders did answer questions during nine interviews from February to June 1987 and his answers were presented during his trial in 1989-90; the role of this specific evidence in securing his conviction is not clear. The legality of the statements obtained under compulsion was challenged at the trial under sections 76 and 78 of the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 during two occasions when the court was held a voir dire. During the later trial of his co-defendants the interviews were also subject to a challenge of abuse of process. None of these legal challenges succeeded. Judgment Court of Appeal The case went to the Court of Appeal where it was rejected on 16 May 1991, with the court referring to the earlier dismissal (R. v. Seelig) regarding the legality of the interviews; leave to appeal was refused by the House of Lords. In December 1994 the Home Secretary referred the case to the Court of Appeal under the Criminal Appeal Act 1968. Again the applicant argued that the use at trial of answers given to the DTI Inspectors rendered the proceedings unfair. The Court rejected this argument, deciding that Parliament had clearly provided in the 1985 Act that answers given to DTI Inspectors may be admitted in evidence even though such admittance might override the privilege against self-incrimination. Saunders had also appealed to the ECtHR, lodging his application on 20 July 1988. European Court of Human Rights By a majority of 16-4 the ECtHR found that there was a breach of Article 6. The court rejected the argument of the British government that the complexity of large fraud cases and the public interest in securing a conviction justified the compulsion; the court also rejected the argument that power of a trial judge to exclude admissions was a defence in this case. The court stated that "the public interest cannot be invoked to justify the use of answers compulsorily obtained in a non-judicial investigation to incriminate the accused during the trial proceedings" and "the prosecution in a criminal case [must] seek to prove their case against the accused without resort to evidence obtained through methods of coercion or oppression in defiance of the will of the accused." Saunders was awarded damages of £75,000, which was paid in June 1997. But this was tempered by: "[the right to not self-incriminate] does not extend to the use in criminal proceedings of material which may be obtained from the accused through the use of compulsory powers but which has an existence independent of the will of the suspect such as , inter alia, documents acquired pursuant to a warrant, breath, blood and urine samples and bodily tissue for the purpose of DNA testing." The court also stated that "[it was not making a judgement on] whether the right not to incriminate oneself is absolute or whether infringements of it may be justified in particular circumstances." One of the dissenting judges (Mr. S. K. Martens) pointed out that the court was, in effect, over-ruling the judgement made in Funke v. France, in that it found the prosecution's use of answers given by the defendant unfair, but that the use of documents obtained from the defendant by compulsion was acceptable. While the judgement appeared decisive the caveats reduced its impact on English law as the majority of affected statutes do not contain any ambiguity over the treatment of information given under compulsory examination. Section 434 was amended in a Schedule to the Youth Justice and Criminal Evidence Act 1999. When Saunders was returned to the Court of Appeals it was held that the wording of section 434 did not allow for the exclusion of evidence solely on the grounds it was obtained under compulsion (R v. Saunders (1996) 1 Cr. App. R. 463), it was confirmed that "Parliament's clear intention... must defeat Convention jurisprudence." Further in British law Brown v. Stott (2003) allowed the admission of answers obtained by compulsory questioning under section 172 of the Road Traffic Act 1988, apparently in direct opposition to the ECtHR's ruling. During the ECtHR's deliberations the following case law was considered Deweer v. Belgium, Funke v. France, Fayed v. United Kingdom, John Murray v. United Kingdom. Notes References Category:Article 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights Category:European Court of Human Rights cases decided by the Grand Chamber Category:European Court of Human Rights cases involving the United Kingdom	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Wilson Carlile Wilson Carlile, CH (1847–1942) was an English evangelist who founded the Church Army, and was Prebendary of St Paul's Cathedral. Known as "The Chief," Wilson Carlile has inspired generations of evangelists. The early years He was born in 1847, the eldest of a middle-class family of twelve (one of whom was Sir Hildred Carlile) in Brixton, England. As a child, music was a great delight to him. Before he was three, his mother found him on tiptoe trying to play the family piano. He figured out some pleasing chords and persuaded his mother to help him learn more. From then on much of his time was spent on music. He was also good at languages. When he was sent to school in France at age fourteen, he quickly learned to speak French. In later life, he was also proficient at German and Italian. Upon his return from France he joined his grandfather's business firm and by age eighteen, owing to his grandfather's failing health, Carlile came to be mostly in control. Thus, at the beginning of the 1870s he found himself a successful young businessman. He was ambitious, having determined he would earn his first 20,000 pounds before he turned twenty-five. By the time of that birthday (1872), he had made well over that amount. From depression to rebirth In 1873, a great depression began and continued with a few breaks until 1896. It brought poverty and distress to working people, but also had immediate and disastrous effects upon the business community. Carlile was among those severely affected by the depression. The prosperity which he had carefully built up suddenly failed. Mental strain led to a physical breakdown and for many weeks he was confined to his bed. All this time he had spent in acquiring material wealth and position, and all for nothing. He began to question the purpose of life. No answer given to him brought him any satisfaction until he happened to read Mackay's Grace and Truth. Later he would say: I have seen the crucified and risen Lord as truly as if He had made Himself visible to my bodily sight. That is for me the conclusive evidence of His existence. He touched my heart, and old desires and hopes left it. In their place came the new thought that I might serve Him and His poor and suffering brethren. Although upon his physical recovery his father took him into his own firm, Carlile’s real interest now lay in religious work. He first joined the Plymouth Brethren who met at Blackfriars in London and worked among young hooligans in that area. Soon he was confirmed in the Church of England, his father having joined some time before. About this time, in 1875, Dwight L. Moody held his great rallies in Islington. Wilson offered his help. Ira Sankey, the musical director, recognised the young man's ability and placed him at the harmonium where he accompanied the singing of the huge crowds who came to hear Moody. Following this mission he went with Moody to Camberwell where he chose and trained the choir for the South London mission. Thus he gained a solid understanding of the techniques of evangelism and the part that music can play. This knowledge would stand him in good stead when he became leader of the Church Army. Seminary He learned more from Dwight Moody than this. He learned the essentials of his new-found faith and became inspired with the ambition of becoming an evangelist. In time he joined the Anglican Communion and then decided to take Holy Orders. He was accepted by the London School of Divinity and after 18 months passed his examinations, having been ordained a deacon in St. Paul's Cathedral in Lent of 1880. Following this, he was accepted as a curate at St. Mary Abbots, Kensington. Through his curacy, he wanted to reach people, including the guard at Kensington Palace, who had nothing to do with the church. Ordinary working people regarded the churches as 'resorts of the well-to-do' (Charles Booth) and believed they would find no welcome within. Wilson wanted this to change and was determined to break down all barriers. Since none of his efforts to bring ordinary people into his congregation worked, he decided to hold open-air meetings to attract folk as they passed by. As time went on, he drew others to help him and people began gathering in such large numbers that the police told them to 'move on.' There were complaints and Carlile was told that his meetings would have to stop, but he was also encouraged to continue them elsewhere in a more appropriate spot. The birth of Church Army Carlile resigned his curacy to devote his time to slum missions. His goal was to use the working person to help fellow workers, but to do so within the structure of the Church of England. Such work had already begun in a few other areas of England. Wilson Carlile wanted to co-ordinate all their efforts, so that trained evangelists could be sent to any parish where they were needed. During this time, he visited The Salvation Army, where he received a "Soldier's Pass," which admitted him to private gatherings. He showed this on a train to his friend, F.S. Webster, the future Rector of All Souls Church, Langham Place. Webster recalls, "I remember Mr. Carlile explained that it was an Army and not a Church, that people could be banded together for purposes of evangelisation and soul-winning." Wilson Carlile began a "Church Salvation Army" in Kensington while F.S. Webster began one in Oxford. Bramwell Booth remembered Webster as "more than once walking in our processions, singing the praises of God though plastered with mud from head to foot." It took time for the idea to catch hold, but in 1882 the Church Army was born. Why 'Army?' Carlile's answer was that the evangelists intended to make war against sin and the devil. Also it was a time of wars – the Franco-German war and the First Boer War were not long over. It was a time of Army consciousness and discipline from above. As long as Wilson Carlile was the head of Church Army, he remained authoritative and masterful, but always he recognised the higher authority of the Church of England. No work was carried out in any parish without the approval of the incumbent, nor in any prison or public institution unless the evangelists were invited by the chaplain. Carlile met resistance in the early years but he persisted in trying to acquaint clerics and public officials in major cities with Church Army's aims, ideas and methods. In 1885, the Upper House of the Convocation of Canterbury passed a resolution of approval. With increasing support from a few bishops, the Army gradually gained the respect of the Church. By 1925, the Church Army grew to become the largest home mission society in the Church of England. He ministered at St Mary-at-Hill in the City of London, in the late 19th/early 20th century Carlile was appointed a Companion of Honour (CH) in the 1926 New Year Honours. In his later years he shared a house with his sister Marie Louise Carlile in Woking. On his death in 1942 his ashes were interred at the foot of his memorial in St Paul's Cathedral. Veneration Carlile is honoured with a feast day on the liturgical calendar of the Episcopal Church (USA) on 26 September. Remembrance There is a blue plaque on the house where Wilson Carlile lived in Kensington, No. 34 Sheffield Terrace. A homeless hostel for adult male ex-offenders in Manchester has been named after Wilson Carlile The current Sheffield head office of Church Army is based in its old training college for evangelists, named for Wilson Carlile. References History of Church Army, including some biographical details of Wilson Carlile Category:1847 births Category:1942 deaths Category:Anglican saints Category:English Anglicans Category:English evangelicals Category:Members of the Order of the Companions of Honour Category:British Plymouth Brethren Category:People from Brixton Category:Church Army people	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }
Horné Hámre Horné Hámre is a village and municipality in the Žarnovica District, Banská Bystrica Region in Slovakia. Genealogical resources The records for genealogical research are available at the state archive "Statny Archiv in Banska Bystrica, Slovakia" Roman Catholic church records (births/marriages/deaths): 1715-1921 (parish A) Lutheran church records (births/marriages/deaths): 1812-1895 (parish B) See also List of municipalities and towns in Slovakia External links https://web.archive.org/web/20080111223415/http://www.statistics.sk/mosmis/eng/run.html of living people in Horne Hamre Category:Villages and municipalities in Žarnovica District	{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }

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