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Alien vs Ninja
, also known as AvN, is a 2010 Japanese martial arts science-fiction comedy film written and directed by Seiji Chiba.
Produced by Nikkatsu studios, the film was slated for release in July 2010. The US DVD and Blu-ray were released February 22, 2011.
Plot
A band of ninja warriors, led by an Iga Ninja named Yamata and his comrades Jinnai and Nezumi, are assigned to investigate the crash of a mysterious object from the sky. Upon arriving at the crash site, they discover the remains of other ninjas that have been brutally torn apart. Shortly after joining forces with another band of ninjas led by the kunoichi Rin, they encounter a boy whose village was massacred by an unknown assailant. Before they can get any further explanation from him, the ninjas are attacked by the assailants, who reveal themselves to be aliens from another planet. After a grueling battle that takes the lives of several ninjas, Yamata, Rin and Jinnai kill three of the aliens, but one of them retreats and takes Jinnai with it. A cowering Nezumi rushes back to his home village, only to see the villagers massacred by the aliens. He runs for his life, but is cornered by the alien, which swiftly decapitates him as his head lands on a temple post for a crow to feed on.
Jinnai wakes up at an abandoned temple, hanging upside down along with corpses of other ninjas. He discovers an organism lurking within his throat, but before he can react, it takes over his body. The boy leads Yamata and Rin to the temple, only to be surrounded by Jinnai and the dead ninjas, who are being manipulated by small organisms secreted from the alien's nostrils. The possessed Jinnai and the dead ninjas utter English expletives before Yamata takes one down to shut them up. After discovering a pair of eyes peeking from a dead ninja's mouth, Yamata tells Rin to target the dead ninjas' throats. Rin dispatches the ninjas by ejecting the organisms from their throats while Yamata shoves his hand through Jinnai's mouth to extract the symbiote controlling him. After a long struggle, Yamata frees Jinnai from the alien's control. Yamata then squares off against the last alien in a cave. Overpowered by Yamata's skills, the alien sprouts wings to fly out of the scene, but Yamata grabs its leg before taking off. The alien attempts to shake Yamata off its back, but Yamata places a bomb on it and jumps off before it explodes. Yamata lands safely and reunites with his comrades before they return home, unaware that the boy has one of the organisms in his bag.
Cast
Masanori Mimoto as Yamata
Shuji Kashiwabara as Jinnai
Donpei Tsuchihira as Nezumi
Mika Hijii as Rin
Yuuki Ogoe as Nishii
Ben Hiura as Iga Master
Production
The project was first announced at the 2009 Asian Film Festival. In November 2009, it was announced that distribution rights were sold by Nikkatsu to Revolver Entertainment for the United Kingdom and to M Pictures for Thailand. The sale marked Nikkatsu's first such deal with London and Los Angeles based Revolver. Alien vs. Ninja is the first title for Nikkatsu's new label 'Sushi Typhoon'. Principle filming was completed in early 2010, and the film's world premiere was at the New York Asian Film Festival on July 3, 2010.
Release
Alien vs. Ninja premiered at the 2010 New York Asian Film Festival on July 3, 2010. It was released in Japan on July 23, 2011.
Reception
On Film Business Asia, Derek Elley gave the film a 6 out of 10, calling it an "enjoyably trashy ninja nonsense that's smarter than its appears at first glance."
References
External links
Category:2010 films
Category:Japanese films
Category:Japanese action films
Category:Japanese action comedy films
Category:2010s science fiction comedy films
Category:Funimation
Category:Japanese-language films
Category:Japanese comedy films
Category:Japanese science fiction films
Category:Ninja films
Category:Japanese science fiction action films
Category:Martial arts science fiction films
Category:Nikkatsu films | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Wael Koubrousli
Wael Koubrousli / Kobrosly is a male Lebanese swimmer who has competed at the 2008 Olympic Games and the 2012 Olympic Games. Wael represented Lebanon in 6 World Championships from 2006 to 2011, at Shanghai, Melbourne, Manchester, Rome, UAE and Shanghai. He recorded more than 20 local swimming records, including in the 100-meter and 200-meter breaststroke. At the 2007 Arab Games, he won the silver medal in the 100m breaststroke.
After his participation in the Beijing Olympics, Kobrosly earned a scholarship from Club Nautique Havrais, in Le Havre, France, to study for a master's degree of International Marketing from the "Universite Du Havre" in Le Havre city, where he trained under head coach Christos Paparrodopoulos, and swam alongside Olympic triple medalist, Hugues Duboscq.
Career achievements
Lebanese champion since 2004 and holder of more than 30 Lebanese records
Vice Arab champion during Arab Championship, Cairo 2007 (First Lebanese male swimmer to obtain silver medal at the Arab Games)
15th place during Asian Games, Doha 2006
27th place during World Championships, Manchester 2008
Participations
Olympic Games
2012 Summer Olympics (London)
2008 Summer Olympics (Beijing)
World Championships
World LC Championship 2013 - Barcelona, Spain.
World LC Championship 2011 - Shanghai, China.
World SC Championship 2010 - Dubai, UAE.
World LC Championship 2009 - Rome, Italy.
World SC Championship 2008 - Manchester, England.
World LC Championship 2007 - Melbourne, Australia.
World SC Championship 2006 - Shanghai, China.
International Championships
Spanish LC Nationals ELITE 2012 - Malaga, Spain (Qualification for London 2012 OG).
French LC Nationals ELITE 2012 - Dunkirk, France. (Qualification for London 2012 OG).
French LC Nationals 2, 2012 - Bethune, France.
French LC Nationals 2, 2011 - Chalons Sur Saon, France.
French SC Nationals ELITE 2010 - Chartres, France.
Universiade Games 2009 - Belgrade, Serbia.
Jazira-Othodoxy Swim Meet 2008 - Amman, Jordan.
Universiade 2007 - Bangkok, Thailand.
International Uni. Champs 2007 - Istanbul, Turkey.
Asian Games 2006 - Doha - Qatar.
Arab competitions
Arab Games 2011 - Doha, Qatar.
Arab Games 2007 - Cairo, Egypt.
Arab Clubs Champs 2006 - Irbid, Jordan.
Islamic Solidarity Games 2005 - Jeddah, KSA.
Arab School Championship 2004 - Jeddah, KSA.
Jable-Lathkiyye 30 km sea race - Jable, Syria.
West Asian Games 2005 - Doha, Qatar.
International Friendship Champs 2004 - Kuwait.
West Asian Games 2003 - Damascus, Syria.
References
Category:1988 births
Category:Living people
Category:Lebanese male swimmers
Category:Olympic swimmers of Lebanon
Category:Swimmers at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Category:Swimmers at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Category:Sportspeople from Beirut
Category:Sportspeople from Le Havre
Category:Swimmers at the 2006 Asian Games
Category:Asian Games competitors for Lebanon | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Marlo Poras
Marlo Poras (born 1971, Fort Campbell, Kentucky) is an American filmmaker.
Early life and education
Poras was born on a US Army base in Fort Campbell, Kentucky and raised in Framingham, Massachusetts.
She graduated from Washington University in St. Louis in 1993 with a B.A. in History.
Career
Poras worked as an apprentice to Thelma Schoonmaker at Martin Scorsese's Cappa Productions and was an apprentice and assistant editor on independent films such as Greg Mottola's Daytrippers and Alison Anders' Grace Of My Heart.
While living in Vietnam, Poras found the inspiration for her first film, Mai's America which was shown on PBS and was called the best documentary of 2002 by the Boston Phoenix and the best festival film of 2002 by the LA Times.
Her second film is Run Granny Run. Released by HBO in 2007, Run Granny Run is about the 2004 Senate campaign of then 94-year-old Doris 'Granny D' Haddock. The film won the Audience Award for Feature Documentary at the South by Southwest Film Festival.
In 2012, she released her film The Mosuo Sisters contrasting modern life and the life of the Mosuo people of western China through the lives of two sisters.
Awards
In 2004, she was the recipient of a Guggenheim Fellowship.
References
External links
Official website
Official website of Run Granny Run
Category:Living people
Category:Guggenheim Fellows
Category:1971 births | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Terbequinil
Terbequinil (SR-25776) is a stimulant and nootropic drug which acts as a partial inverse agonist at benzodiazepine sites on the GABAA receptor. In human trials it was found to partially reverse the sedative and amnestic effects of the hypnotic drug triazolam with only slight effects when administered by itself.
See also
GABAA receptor negative allosteric modulator
GABAA receptor § Ligands
References
Category:2-Quinolones
Category:Ethers
Category:Carboxamides
Category:GABAA receptor negative allosteric modulators | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Sirirampur Bhaunath
Sirirampur Bhaunath is 851128, Sirirampur Bhaunath comes under Mansurchak post office. It is part of Mansurchak block, total 38 villages/localities come.
Sirirampur Bhaunath is located at Begusarai district of Bihar.
References
Category:Villages in Begusarai district | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Gonzalo García García
Gonzalo Manuel García García (born 13 October 1983), known simply as Gonzalo or Recoba as a player, is a Spanish former professional footballer who played as an attacking midfielder, and the manager of Dutch club FC Twente.
Early years
Born in Montevideo, Uruguay, Gonzalo moved to Spain at the age of 14, his grandparents hailing from Galicia.
He would eventually represent the Spain under-17 team, at the same time as Andrés Iniesta, José Antonio Reyes and Fernando Torres.
Playing career
Gonzalo joined Real Madrid's youth system, but could never move past its third team as a senior. In his country of adoption he never played in higher than the third division, also representing AD Alcorcón, Mérida UD and CF Palencia.
In 2005, Gonzalo moved to the Netherlands, first with AGOVV Apeldoorn, being one of the leading top scorers in the second level season under manager Stanley Menzo. He immediately switched to the Eredivisie after signing with SC Heerenveen, playing his first match in the competition on 10 February 2007 against Vitesse Arnhem but appearing rarely over the course of two seasons, finishing 2007–08 on loan to Heracles Almelo and helping the club narrowly avoid relegation.
Subsequently, Gonzalo signed with FC Groningen, penning a four-year deal with the Euroborg club. First-choice in his debut campaign – 28 matches, four goals – he was rarely played in 2009–10, being again loaned in the January transfer window, now to VVV-Venlo.
In June 2011, Gonzalo moved to Cyprus with AEK Larnaca FC. On the 14th, in the second qualifying round of the UEFA Europa League, he scored a hat-trick in an 8–0 away routing of Floriana FC.
In June 2012, Gonzalo signed with Israel's Maccabi Tel Aviv FC. He settled rarely in the following years, but did spend two seasons with Cypriot First Division club Anorthosis Famagusta FC, the first on loan.
Gonzalo returned to Dutch football on 4 August 2015, after agreeing to a contract at Heracles. He retired at the age of 34, following a spell with former youth club SD Compostela.
Coaching career
García started working as a manager immediately after retiring, acting as assistant at Esbjerg fB of the Danish 1st Division. On 16 May 2019, after one year in the same capacity at FC Twente, he was appointed their head coach.
Honours
Maccabi Tel Aviv
Israeli Premier League: 2012–13
References
External links
Stats at Voetbal International
Category:1983 births
Category:Living people
Category:Uruguayan people of Spanish descent
Category:Sportspeople from Montevideo
Category:Uruguayan footballers
Category:Spanish footballers
Category:Association football midfielders
Category:Segunda División B players
Category:Tercera División players
Category:Real Madrid C footballers
Category:AD Alcorcón footballers
Category:Mérida UD footballers
Category:CF Palencia footballers
Category:SD Compostela footballers
Category:Eredivisie players
Category:Eerste Divisie players
Category:AGOVV Apeldoorn players
Category:SC Heerenveen players
Category:Heracles Almelo players
Category:FC Groningen players
Category:VVV-Venlo players
Category:Cypriot First Division players
Category:AEK Larnaca FC players
Category:Anorthosis Famagusta FC players
Category:Israeli Premier League players
Category:Maccabi Tel Aviv F.C. players
Category:Spain youth international footballers
Category:Spanish expatriate footballers
Category:Uruguayan expatriate footballers
Category:Expatriate footballers in the Netherlands
Category:Expatriate footballers in Cyprus
Category:Expatriate footballers in Israel
Category:Spanish expatriate sportspeople in the Netherlands
Category:Spanish expatriate sportspeople in Cyprus
Category:Spanish expatriate sportspeople in Israel
Category:Uruguayan expatriate sportspeople in the Netherlands
Category:Uruguayan expatriate sportspeople in Cyprus
Category:Uruguayan expatriate sportspeople in Israel
Category:Spanish football managers
Category:Eredivisie managers
Category:FC Twente managers
Category:Spanish expatriate football managers
Category:Expatriate football managers in the Netherlands | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Aliabad-e Jahr
Aliabad-e Jahr (, also Romanized as ’Alīābād-e Jahr; also known as ‘Alīābād-e Jar) is a village in Zangiabad Rural District, in the Central District of Kerman County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 44, in 6 families.
References
Category:Populated places in Kerman County | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Sabrina Carpenter
Sabrina Annlynn Carpenter (born May 11, 1999) is an American singer and actress, who is signed to Hollywood Records.
After making her acting debut with an appearance in the crime series Law & Order: Special Victims Unit, she starred in a recurring role as the young version of Chloe Goodwin in the television series The Goodwin Games. Carpenter was later cast as Maya Hart in the Disney Channel series Girl Meets World, from 2014 to 2017. Carpenter has starred in the feature films Horns (2013), The Hate U Give (2018), and starred as Jenny in the Disney Channel Original Movie Adventures in Babysitting (2016). As a voice actress, she had a recurring role as Princess Vivian in the Disney Channel animated series Sofia the First from 2013 to 2018. In 2016, she began voicing Melissa Chase on the Disney XD animated series Milo Murphy's Law.
Carpenter's debut EP, Can't Blame a Girl for Trying, was released in 2014, and in the same year, she released her debut single of the same name. She released her debut album, Eyes Wide Open in 2015, and had since released two studio albums: Evolution (2016), and Singular: Act I (2018). Her fourth studio album, Singular: Act II, was released on July 19, 2019.
Early life
Carpenter was born on May 11, 1999, in Lehigh Valley, Pennsylvania, the daughter of David and Elizabeth Carpenter. Carpenter was homeschooled and began posting videos on YouTube of her singing from the age of 10. Her father built a purple recording studio for her to fuel her passion for music. She placed third in a singing contest run by Miley Cyrus titled The Next Miley Cyrus Project.
Career
2011–2012: Career beginnings
Carpenter booked her first acting role in 2011, a guest role on the NBC drama series Law & Order: Special Victims Unit. She played a young rape victim interviewed by Detective Elliot Stabler (Christopher Meloni). Around the same time, she performed live on the Chinese television station Hunan Broadcasting System, for the Gold Mango Audience festival. She performed Etta James' "Something's Got a Hold on Me", in the style of Christina Aguilera from the movie Burlesque. Less than two years later, Carpenter booked a series recurring role on Fox's The Goodwin Games as Young Chloe, a series regular role on Disney Channel pilot Gulliver Quinn and the ABC pilot The Unprofessional.
2013–2015: Girl Meets World and Eyes Wide Open
She portrayed young Merrin in the 2013 film Horns. Carpenter performed "Smile" for the album Disney Fairies: Faith, Trust, and Pixie Dust"; the song charted on Radio Disney. Her song "All You Need" is featured on the Sofia the First soundtrack.
In January 2013, Carpenter was cast as Maya Hart in the Disney Channel series Girl Meets World, opposite Rowan Blanchard. The series is a sequel to the 1993–2000 ABC series Boy Meets World. Carpenter also signed a five-record deal as a music artist with Hollywood Records. On March 14, 2014, Carpenter's debut single, "Can't Blame a Girl for Trying", premiered on Radio Disney, and was released on iTunes later in the day. The song is the title track on her debut EP which was released on April 8 and was generally well received. Carpenter is featured on the Girl Meets World theme song, "Take On The World", which also features her co-star Blanchard. Carpenter performed the song "Stand Out" in the Disney Channel Original Movie How to Build a Better Boy, which premiered August 15, 2014, on Disney Channel. On July 20, 2014, Carpenter contributed lead vocals to Disney Channel Circle of Stars' cover version of "Do You Want to Build a Snowman?" In January 2015, it was announced that Carpenter, along with Sofia Carson, would star in a Disney Channel Original Movie, then titled Further Adventures in Babysitting, based on the 1987 movie Adventures in Babysitting.
On February 22, Carpenter announced the title of her debut album, Eyes Wide Open. It was preceded by the debut single "We'll Be the Stars", which was released on January 13, 2015. The album was originally to be released April 21, 2015, but the release date was moved and the album was released on April 14, 2015. In 2015 she won a Radio Disney Music Award in the category "Best Crush Song" for her song "Can't Blame a Girl For Trying".
In December 2015 Carpenter portrayed the role of Wendy in the Pasadena Playhouse's production of Peter Pan and Tinker Bell: A Pirate's Christmas.
2016–2017: Evolution
In August 2015, it was reported that Carpenter had begun work on her second album. On November 5, 2015, she unveiled the artwork for her new single, "Christmas the Whole Year Round", which was released a week later. On February 2, 2016, Carpenter announced via social media that a new single, "Smoke and Fire", would be released on February 19, 2016. Speaking of the single, Carpenter said: "Smoke and Fire was the first story that I was waiting to tell out of the many stories from the second album... I kind of write wherever I go. I'm always writing down things in my phone and in my notes on stuff that inspired me and stuff that I see in everyday life, or even just fun words." While this song was expected to be on her second album, it does not appear on the tracklist due to Carpenter feeling her "evolution" came after the song. On July 29, 2016, Carpenter released "On Purpose", the first single from her second album. On September 3, 2016, Carpenter announced the name of the album as Evolution and announced her first tour, the Evolution Tour, the next day. On October 11, 2016, she announced that the tour had sold out, and on October 14, the album was released. In November 2016, she was picked as Elvis Duran's Artist of the Month appearing on NBC's Today show with Hoda Kotb and Kathie Lee Gifford performing her song "Thumbs".
In 2017, Carpenter recorded the theme song for the series Andi Mack, titled "Tomorrow Starts Today". On April 17, 2017, she performed her single "Thumbs" on The Late Late Show with James Corden. She collaborated with The Vamps and Mike Perry for the single "Hands", which was released on May 19, 2017. In 2017, she toured Europe with The Vamps, and she did a summer tour with New Hope Club. On October 13, 2017, Lost Kings released a single called "First Love" featuring Sabrina Carpenter. Her single "Why" was released on July 7, 2017. It was produced by Jonas Jeberg. In 2017, Carpenter sang "You're a Mean One, Mr. Grinch" on Lindsey Stirling's holiday album Warmer in the Winter. In December 2017, Carpenter released a cover of "Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas".
2018–present: Singular and Mean Girls
On March 16, 2018, she released the single "Alien", featuring Jonas Blue. They performed the song together on Jimmy Kimmel Live! on March 21, 2018. In 2017, Carpenter was cast in the film The Hate U Give, based on the novel by Angie Thomas. The film was released in October 2018. In 2018, she was cast as a series regular in the NBC comedy pilot So Close, and in the drama film The Short History of the Long Road. In May 2018, Carpenter was included in Nylon Magazine's "25 Gen Z'ers Changing The World".
In May 2018, Carpenter began teasing the lead single from her upcoming third album. She released the single, titled "Almost Love", on June 6, 2018. A few days before the release of the single, Carpenter released a trailer for her third album, announcing that the album was titled Singular and had a planned release date of late 2018. When performing "Almost Love" on The Late Late Show with James Corden in October 2018, Carpenter ended the performance by spray painting "11/9" on the wall, indicating the release date to be November 9, 2018. On October 22, 2018, she formally announced the album's release date and that it would be released in two "acts", with Act I on November 9, and Act II "coming soon". She performed the album's second single, "Sue Me", on Live with Kelly and Ryan and The Today Show on November 9, 2018, the same day of Act Is release. On March 2, 2019, Carpenter embarked on the Singular Tour starting Orlando, Florida, where she performed two new songs from Singular: Act II, "Pushing 20" and "Exhale". On March 8, 2019, "Pushing 20" was released as the album's lead single. The same day she announced that she would consistently be releasing new music from the album. She is featured on Alan Walker's single "On My Way", released March 21, 2019. "Exhale" was released on May 3, 2019. On June 4, 2019, Carpenter revealed that Singular: Act II would be released on July 19, 2019. She released the single "In My Bed" on June 7, 2019. On July 5, 2019, Carpenter performed on Good Morning Americas Summer Concert Series where she debuted the performances of "On My Way" and "In My Bed". She also performed "Sue Me", "Why" and the promotional single "Paris" from Act I.
In January 2019, Carpenter was cast as Harper in the Netflix film Tall Girl. She was also cast in the dance-comedy film Work It, alongside Liza Koshy, in May 2019. She is also set to executive produce the film. In July 2019, Carpenter joined the film adaptation of Marina Gessner's The Distance From Me to You. She is set to star and produce the film alongside Girl Meets World co-star Danielle Fishel. She was cast in the teen drama film Clouds in September 2019.
In June 2019, Marie Claire reported that Carpenter had already begun work on a fifth studio album. On February 14, 2020, Carpenter released the single "Honeymoon Fades" for Valentine's Day. Also in that month, Carpenter announced that she would be making her Broadway debut as Cady Heron in Mean Girls in March 2020.
Artistry
Sabrina Carpenter has been described as a "teen pop" singer who has explored through other genres on different albums including pop, folk pop, acoustic and country on Eyes Wide Open. Evolution included genres such as electropop and house music. Singular: Act I and Singular: Act II dived into "more mature" genres and lyrical content including dance-pop, trap, hip-hop and R&B.
In an interview with Disney Insider, Carpenter cited Christina Aguilera, Adele and Rihanna as musical influences. She also cited Whitney Houston and Etta James as early musical influences in an interview with Refinery29. She took inspiration from the songwriting of Taylor Swift and Lorde.
Personal life
Carpenter has three older sisters, Sarah, Shannon, and half-sister Cayla. She is the niece of actress Nancy Cartwright.
Discography
Eyes Wide Open (2015)
Evolution (2016)
Singular: Act I (2018)
Singular: Act II (2019)
Tours
Headlining
Evolution Tour (2016–2017)
The De-Tour (2017)
Singular Tour (2019)
Festivals (various artists)
Jingle Ball Tour 2016 (2016)
Jingle Ball Tour 2017 (2017)
Jingle Ball Tour 2018 (2018)
Opening act
Ariana Grande – Dangerous Woman Tour (2017)
The Vamps – UK Arena Tour (2017)
Filmography
Stage
Awards and nominations
References
External links
Category:1999 births
Category:21st-century American actresses
Category:21st-century American singers
Category:21st-century American women singers
Category:Actresses from Pennsylvania
Category:American child actresses
Category:American child singers
Category:American film actresses
Category:American television actresses
Category:American voice actresses
Category:Hollywood Records artists
Category:Living people
Category:People from Lehigh County, Pennsylvania
Category:Singers from Pennsylvania | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
2015–16 McNeese State Cowgirls basketball team
The 2015–16 McNeese State Cowgirls basketball team represented McNeese State University during the 2015–16 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Cowgirls, led by ninth year head coach Brooks Donald-Williams, played all their home games at Burton Coliseum. They were members of the Southland Conference. They finished the season 20–13, 11–7 in Southland play to finish in fifth place. They advanced to the semifinals of the Southland Women's Tournament where they lost to Central Arkansas. They were invited to the Women's Basketball Invitational where they lost to Stetson in the first round.
On April 7, it was announced that Brooks Donald-Williams has resign from her position from McNeese State and accept her assisting coaching position at Alabama. She finished at McNeese State with a 9 year record of 161–130.
Roster
Schedule
Source
|-
!colspan=9 style="background:#0000FF; color:#FFD700;"| Exhibition
|-
!colspan=9 style="background:#0000FF; color:#FFD700;"| Non-conference regular schedule
|-
!colspan=9 style="background:#0000FF; color:#FFD700;"| Southland Conference regular season
|-
!colspan=9 style="background:#0000FF; color:#FFD700;"| Southland Women's Tournament
|-
!colspan=9 style="background:#0000FF; color:#FFD700;"| WBI
See also
2015–16 McNeese State Cowboys basketball team
References
Category:McNeese State Cowgirls basketball seasons
McNeese State
McNeese State
McNeese State | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Mitsubishi Astron engine
The Mitsubishi Astron or 4G5/4D5 engine, is a series of straight-four internal combustion engines first built by Mitsubishi Motors in 1972. Engine displacement ranged from 1.8 to 2.6 litres, making it one of the largest four-cylinder engines of its time.
Design
It employed a hemispherical cylinder head, chain-driven single overhead camshaft (SOHC) and eight valves (two per cylinder). United States passenger car versions had a small secondary intake valve referred to as the "Jet Valve". This valve induced swirl in the intake charge, enabling the use of leaner fuel/air mixtures for lower emissions. It was designed as a cartridge containing the valve spring and seat which simply screwed into a threaded hole in the head, similar to a spark plug but inside the cam cover. The rocker arms for the intake valve were widened on the valve end to accommodate the cartridge, which was equipped with a very soft valve spring in order to avoid wear on the camshaft intake lobe. Modifications to the head were thereby reduced as the Jet Valve negated the necessity for a three-valve-per-cylinder design.
In 1975, the Astron 80 introduced a system dubbed "Silent Shaft": the first use of twin balance shafts in a modern engine. It followed the designs of Frederick Lanchester, whose original patents Mitsubishi had obtained, and proved influential as Fiat/Lancia, Saab and Porsche all licensed this technology.
The 4D5 engine is a range of four-cylinder belt-driven overhead camshaft diesel engines which were part of the "Astron" family, and introduced in 1980 in the then new fifth generation Galant. As the first turbodiesel to be offered in a Japanese passenger car, it proved popular in the emerging SUV and minivan markets where Mitsubishi was highly successful, until superseded by the 4M4 range in 1993. However, production of the 4D5 (4D56) continued throughout the 1990s as a lower-cost option than the more modern powerplants. Until now it is still in production, but made into a modern powerplant by putting a common rail direct injection fuel system into the engine.
4G51
The 4G51 displaces .
Applications:
1977–1979 Chrysler Sigma (GE)
4G52
The 4G52 displaces . Peak power for a 1975 Canter is , but power increased to as much as for the twin-carb version fitted to the Galant GTO GSR and A115 Galant GS-II.
Used an bore and stroke. In Australia this engine was used in the Sigma, Scorpion and L200.
1975.01–19?? Mitsubishi Canter (third generation)
1977–1981 Mitsubishi Lancer Celeste
1973-1977– Mitsubishi Galant GTO (A57)
1973-1987 Mitsubishi Galant
1973–1987 Mitsubishi Sigma (GE, GH, GJ, GK, GN)
1979-1986 Mitsubishi L200/Dodge Ram 50 (L020)
1974–1977 Dodge Colt
1975–1978 Plymouth Arrow
4G53
The SOHC eight-valve 4G53 displaces , with bore & stroke at . Peak power is at 5000 rpm, as fitted to the Rosa bus or the Canter cabover truck. This engine shares its dimensions with the contemporary Fuso 4DR1 diesel engine.
Applications
1975.01–19?? Mitsubishi Canter
Mitsubishi Fuso Rosa (2nd generation)
Mitsubishi Jeep
Mitsubishi FG30 3-ton forklift;
4G54
The SOHC eight-valve 4G54 (also known as the G54B) displaces , with bore & stroke at . The G54B for the US market had a cylinder head with additional jet valves to improve emissions (MCA-Jet system). The engine was fitted to various Mitsubishi models from 1978 to 1997 and to the American Chrysler K-cars and their derivatives between 1981 and 1987. It was primarily set up longitudinally for use in rear-wheel drive and all-wheel drive platforms but also as a transverse engine in the front-wheel drive platform of the Mitsubishi Magna and Chrysler K platform. Chrysler commonly marketed the engine "Hemi," whereas the Australian-made version was marketed as the "Astron II" and featured "Balance Shaft" technology, which was subsequently licensed to Porsche and other automakers. The original engine featured a Mikuni two-barrel carburetor with a secondary vacuum actuator; later versions adopted EFI. Chrysler commonly paired this engine with its A470 3-speed automatic transmission; in Australia, Mitsubishi adapted it to a 5-speed manual transmission and its "ELC" (Electronic Control) 4-speed automatic transmission, featuring electronic overdrive. Chrysler eventually replaced the 4G54 with its own 2.5 L engine, whereas Mitsubishi replaced it with a 2.4 L engine codenamed 4G64.
Specifications:
ECI-Multi
Multi-point fuel injection
at 4750 rpm (91 RON)
at 4750 rpm (95 RON)
at 3750 rpm (91 RON)
at 4000 rpm (95 RON)
Compression ratio: 9.2:1
Carburetor
Single two-Venturi downdraught carburetor. at 5000 rpm (91 RON), at 3000 rpm (91 RON). Compression ratio: 8.8:1
1978-1980 Plymouth Fire Arrow
1978-1983 Dodge Challenger/Mitsubishi Sapporo/Plymouth Sapporo
1978-1986 Mitsubishi Debonair
1979-198? Mitsubishi Canter FC 35
1979-1989 Dodge Ram 50
1980-1987 Chrysler/Mitsubishi Sigma
1981-1985 Dodge Aries/Plymouth Reliant
1982-1985 Chrysler LeBaron
1982-1985 Chrysler Town and Country
1982-1991 Mitsubishi Pajero
1982-1983 Dodge 400
1982-1990 Mitsubishi Starion (turbocharger and Throttle-body fuel injection)
1983-1984 Chrysler E-Class
1983-1985 Chrysler New Yorker/Dodge 600
1984-1987 Dodge Caravan/Plymouth Voyager
1984-1986 Dodge Conquest/Plymouth Conquest (turbocharger and Throttle-body fuel injection)
1985 Plymouth Caravelle
1994-1996 Mitsubishi MJ Triton
1985-1996 Mitsubishi Magna (1985-1996 TM-TS series carburetor; 1987-1996 TP-TS series Throttle-body fuel injection)
1986-1989 Mazda B2600
1987-1989 Chrysler Conquest (turbocharger and Throttle-body fuel injection)
1987-1989 Dodge Raider
1987-1998 Jeep Sahra-Pars Khodro Iran
1991-1997 Mitsubishi Pajero China market version
4G55
The 4G55 displaces .
4D55
Displacement -
Bore x Stroke -
Fuel Type - Diesel
Valves per cylinder - 2
Non-Turbo
Power - at 4200 rpm (JIS)
at 4200 rpm (SAE)
Torque - at 2500 rpm (JIS)
at 2000 rpm (SAE)
Engine type - Inline four-cylinder SOHC
Compression ratio - 21.0:1 ()
Applications
1980-1983 Mitsubishi Galant Σ/Eterna Σ
1982-1986 Mitsubishi Pajero
1982-1986 Mitsubishi Delica/L300
Mitsubishi L200/Forte (first generation)
1985-1992 Ford Ranger (first generation)
Turbo (TC05 non-wastegated turbo)
Power - at 4000 rpm (SAE)
Torque - at 2000 rpm (SAE)
Engine type - Inline 4-cylinder SOHC
Compression ratio - 21.0:1 ()
Applications - 1980-1983
Turbo (TD04 wastegated turbo)
Power - at 4200 rpm (JIS)
at 4200 rpm (DIN)
at 4200 rpm (SAE)
Torque - at 2500 rpm (JIS)
at 2500 rpm (DIN)
at 2000 rpm (SAE)
Engine type - Inline 4-cylinder SOHC
Compression ratio - 21.0:1 ()
Applications:
1980-1983 Mitsubishi Galant Σ/Eterna Σ
1980-1984 Mitsubishi Galant Λ/Eterna Λ
1982-1986 Mitsubishi Pajero
1985-1987 Ford Ranger
1983-1985 Dodge Ram 50
4D56
Displacement -
Bore x Stroke -
Fuel type - DIESEL
This engine is also built by Hyundai in South Korea, meaning it also sees use in some products made by their Kia subsidiary.
Non-Turbo
Power - at 4200 rpm
Torque - at 2500 rpm
Engine type - Inline 4-cylinder SOHC
Fuel system - Distribution type jet pump
Compression ratio - 21.0:1
Non-intercooled Turbo
Power - at 4200 rpm
Torque - at 2000 rpm
Engine type - Inline 4-cylinder SOHC
Intercooled Turbo (TD04 Turbo)
Power - at 4200 rpm
Torque - at 2000 rpm
Engine type - Inline 4-cylinder SOHC
Fuel system - Distribution type jet pump
Compression ratio - 21.0:1
Intercooled Turbo (TD04 water-cooled Turbo)
Power - at 4300 rpm
Torque - at 2000 rpm
Engine type - Inline 4-cylinder SOHC
Rocker arm - Roller Follower type
Fuel system - Distribution type jet pump (indirect injection)
Combustion chamber - Swirl type
Bore x Stroke -
Compression ratio - 21.0:1
Lubrication System - Pressure feed, full flow filtration
Intercooler Type - Aluminium Air-to-Air, Top-mounted
Turbocharger - Mitsubishi TD04-09B
Also known as Hyundai D4BH
Intercooled Turbo TF035HL2 (1st Generation DI-D)
Power - at 4000 rpm
Torque - at 2000 rpm
Engine type - Inline 4-cylinder
Fuel system - 1st Generation Common Rail Direct Injection (CRDi)
Compression ratio - 17.0:1
Intercooled Turbo (2nd Generation DI-D)
Power - at 4000 rpm
Torque - at 2000 rpm.
Engine type - Inline 4-cylinder
Fuel system - 2nd Generation Common Rail Direct Injection (CRDi)
Compression ratio - 17.0:1
application: Mitsubishi Challenger, Mitsubishi Triton
Intercooled Turbo (3rd Generation DI-D with variable geometry turbo)
With manual transmission
Power - at 4000 rpm
Torque - at 2000 rpm
Engine type - Inline 4-cylinder
Fuel system - 2nd Generation Common Rail Direct Injection (CRDi)
Compression ratio - 16.5:1
With automatic transmission
Power - at 4000 rpm
Torque - at 1800 rpm
Engine type - Inline 4-cylinder
Fuel system - 2nd Generation Common Rail Direct Injection (CRDi)
Compression ratio - 16.5:1
application: Mitsubishi Challenger, Mitsubishi Triton
See also
Mitsubishi Motors engines
List of engines used in Chrysler products
References
Astron
Category:Inline-four engines
Category:Diesel engines by model
Category:Gasoline engines by model | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Seven West Media
Seven West Media Limited is an ASX-listed media company and is Australia's largest diversified media business, formed by the acquisition by West Australian Newspapers Holdings Limited (WAN) of the Seven Media Group. It has a leading presence in broadcast television, radio, newspaper publishing, magazine publishing and online. Seven Group Holdings Ltd (SGH), a company controlled by Australian Capital Equity, is Seven West Media's largest shareholder with 33.2% of Seven West Media shares and $250m Seven West Media convertible preference shares (CPS).
Seven West Media owns the Seven Network, Australia's largest commercial television network (by audience and advertising market share) and Pacific Magazines, publisher of leading lifestyle brands including Marie Claire, Better Homes and Gardens and New Idea. It also owns The West Australian and Kalgoorlie Miner (the two daily newspapers in Western Australia) and The Sunday Times (that state's sole Sunday paper), acquired in 2016, and 21 Western Australian regional newspapers, including Community Newspaper Group in a joint venture with News Corp Australia, and nine regional radio licences.
Seven West Media is also creating a significant presence in online and new communications technologies, such as through its 50% interest in Yahoo!7, with global and local content across online, mobile and IPTV.
On 21 February 2011, Seven Media Group announced its intention to merge with West Australian Newspapers Holdings Limited (WAN). WAN purchased Seven Media Group from Seven Group Holdings and partner Kohlberg Kravis Roberts, and announced the new company would be known as "Seven West Media". On 11 April 2011, the acquisition was approved by WAN shareholders. On 21 May 2013, Kohlberg Kravis Roberts sold its remaining 12% stake in Seven West Media.
Television
Seven Network is an Australian commercial free-to-air television primary channel
ATN Sydney
HSV Melbourne
BTQ Brisbane
SAS Adelaide
TVW Perth
7HD is an Australian free-to-air HD digital television multichannel using the primary channel simulcast.
7TWO is an Australian free-to-air digital television multichannel suitable for people 55+
7mate is an Australian free-to-air digital television multichannel aimed at men 16-54 year-olds.
7food network is an Australian food channel.
Openshop is an Australian home shopping channel.
7flix is an Australian free-to-air digital television multichannel featuring kids, family programs and movies.
Racing.com is an Australian free-to-air standard definition digital television channel co-owned and co-operated with Racing Victoria.
Assets
bloo
Community Newspaper Group
67% of Hybrid Television Services exclusive licensee of TiVo in Australia and New Zealand from 2008.
Pacific Magazines, now owned by Bauer Media Group by January 2020
Prime Media Group (partial)
The West Australian
Wjobs
West Australian Newspapers Holdings Ltd
In addition to The West, West Australian Newspapers Holdings Limited owns a number of other media outlets.
23 regional newspapers and magazines
4 business directories across the State
the Streetsmart and Travellers Atlas street directories
the quarterly Vita and Habitat & Lifestyle magazines
The Quokka, a classified-advertising weekly
Two commercial printing plants
a regional radio network in the state's north
In September 2007, WAN sold a 50% interest in the Hoyts Cinemas Group.
Key people
The Chairman of Seven West Media is Kerry Stokes AC, who is also chairman of Seven Group Holdings.
On 26 June 2012, Seven West Media announced David Leckie's transition from chief executive officer of Seven West Media to a new role as executive director, media for Seven Group Holdings.
Don Voelte, the former Managing Director and CEO of Woodside and a director of Seven West Media, was appointed CEO and Managing Director of Seven West Media. He subsequently stepped down to become Managing Director & Chief Executive Officer of Seven Group Holdings and was replaced by Tim Worner who became the CEO.
History
The West Australian
The newspaper was owned by the publicly listed company West Australian Newspapers Ltd (WAN) from the 1920s. In 1969, the Melbourne-based The Herald and Weekly Times Ltd (HWT) bought WAN and published the paper until 1987, when Rupert Murdoch's News Corporation acquired HWT. News sold WAN to Robert Holmes à Court's Bell Group in 1987 The following year Alan Bond, through Bond Corporation, gained control of Bell Group and hence the paper. This ownership structure survived only for a few years until the collapse of Bond Corporation. A newly formed company, West Australian Newspapers Holdings, then purchased the paper from the receivers before being floated in an oversubscribed $185 million public offering.
Kerry Stokes acquired 14.9% through Seven Network and he became chairman of West Australian Newspapers in 2009. Kerry Stokes appointed Chris Wharton as CEO of West Australian Newspapers and Brett McCarthy as Editor.
Seven Media Group
Seven Network (commonly known as Channel 7 or simply Seven) dates back to 4 November 1956, when the first stations on the VHF7 frequency were established in Melbourne and Sydney. The Seven Network is one of five main free-to-air networks in Australia.
Origin
The Seven Network began as a group of independent stations in Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Adelaide and Perth. HSV-7 Melbourne, licensed to The Herald and Weekly Times Ltd (owners of two local papers at the time, The Herald and The Sun), was the first station in the country to use the VHF7 frequency. It launched on 4 November 1956, soon joined on 2 December by Amalgamated Television Services ATN-7 in Sydney.
TVW-7 Perth began broadcasting almost two years later, on 16 October 1959, as the city's first commercial station. It was licensed to TVW7, a subsidiary of West Australian Newspapers, publisher of The West Australian. BTQ-7 followed on 1 November, signing on as Brisbane's second commercial television station.
ADS-7 in Adelaide launched on 24 Oct 1959 as the final capital city VHF7 station. The station later swapped frequencies with SAS-10, however, with the latter becoming SAS-7.
1980s ownership changes
Perth-based businessman Robert Holmes à Court, through his business the Bell Group, bought TVW-7 from its original owners, West Australian Newspapers in 1982. The Herald and Weekly Times, owner of HSV-7 and ADS-7, was sold to Rupert Murdoch in December 1986. Murdoch's company, News Limited, sold off HSV to Fairfax soon afterwards, for $320 million. Fairfax went on to axe a number of locally produced shows in favour of networked content from its Sydney counterpart, ATN-7 (also owned by Fairfax at the time).
In 1987, Fairfax sold off its stations to Qintex Ltd., owned by businessman Christopher Skase. Qintex had previously bought, and subsequently sold off, stations in Brisbane and regional Queensland before taking control of the network. The next year, another new logo was introduced along with evening soap opera Home and Away and a relaunched Seven National News, now known as Seven News. The network expanded in 1988 when Skase bought out TVW for $130 million.
A failed $1.5 billion bid for MGM Studios in the same year sent Qintex into receivership. Christopher Skase fled Australia in 1990 in order to escape extradition. The business' assets were bundled together by receivers and made into a new company, the Seven Network Limited, in 1991.
Advent of Kerry Stokes
The network was re-listed as a public company on the stock exchange in 1993 with News Limited holding 14.9% and Telstra holding 10%. In 1995, Stokes acquired 19.9% of the public company and was elected chairman. Shortly after it acquired Sunshine Television, a Seven Network affiliate in regional Queensland, Sunshine Television's regional stations effectively became a part of the Seven Network, identical in appearance and programming to the rest of the business' stations. Seven Queensland won the annual audience ratings for the first time in 1998.
The year 2000 saw Seven as the host broadcaster for the Sydney Olympics. The Network adopted a new logo. In 2003, Stokes appointed David Leckie as CEO of Seven and Peter Meakin as Head of News and Current Affairs. In January 2006, the Seven Network, Pacific Magazine and online portal Yahoo! Australia and New Zealand combined in a joint venture to form Yahoo!7, representing all three companies' online assets. This venture is now Australia's most popular internet portal and the joint venture is driving a range of online and IPTV businesses. Seven is building and acquiring a range of broadband businesses, including wireless broadband group Unwired, VOIP operator Engin and has become the Australian licensee for TiVo, due to be launched in 2008. The group has also established a strategic 20 per cent shareholding in West Australian Newspapers Ltd.
Since 2007, the Seven Network has been the highest rating television network in Australia, ahead of the Nine Network, Network Ten, ABC and SBS. In 2011, the Seven Network won all 40 out of 40 weeks of the ratings season for total viewers. Seven is the first to do this since the introduction of the OZtam ratings system in 2001. it was the second largest network in the country in terms of population reach.
68% owned by Kerry Stokes (), Seven Network is a network of commercial free-to-air television stations in Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane and Adelaide, as well as regional Queensland and Perth. The platform, as well as a 33 per cent stake in Sky News Australia, now reaches 98 per cent of Australians. Seven has also established a major magazine publishing business, Pacific Magazines which, , accounted for more than 20 per cent of magazines sold in Australia.
In 2006, Seven Network and Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co (KKR) created a new joint venture, Seven Media Group, a multi-faceted media company combining a presence in broadcast television, magazine and online applications.
7HD was officially announced on 15 September 2007, with the Seven Media Group announcing its intention to start a high definition multichannel. By the end of 2007, the Seven Network had become the most watched network in the country, dominating morning and prime time slots.
Pacific Magazines
Pacific Magazines is a magazine publisher operating in Australia, owned by Seven West Media.
Pacific publishes leading titles including Australia's best-selling magazine Better Homes & Gardens and the nation's leading fashion brand Marie Claire.
It has its roots in the Southdown Press, the publishers of New Idea and long owned by the Murdoch family. When News Corp Australia acquired the Herald and Weekly Times in 1987, the Australasian and Argus titles (Australasian Post, Home Beautiful, Your Garden) were added.
Rupert Murdoch spun off his Australian magazine holdings in 1991 into a new company, Pacific Magazines and Printing (PMP).
Seven Media Group acquired Pacific Magazines in 2002, leaving PMP as solely a printing business. Two years later, Seven bought Murdoch Magazines, a former corporate sibling in News Corp Australia.
Publications
Fashion and beauty
Marie Claire Australia, a monthly women's fashion magazine, based on the original French version founded in 1937
InStyle, a monthly fashion, lifestyle and entertainment magazine, based on the American magazine
Men's Health, a monthly men's lifestyle magazine, based on the American title of the same name
Women's Health, a monthly women's lifestyle magazine, the international version based on the American magazine
BeautyCrew.com.au, the leading digital beauty offering providing how to's, news and product reviews.
Entertainment
Girlfriend, a monthly magazine for teenage girls.
New Idea, a weekly women's magazine.
That's Life!, a weekly lifestyle magazine.
Who, a weekly celebrity magazine, sister to the United States weekly People.
PracticalParenting.com.au, a premium digital parenting destination with a pull out parenting section in the New Idea magazine.
Home and food
All Recipes, A user-created recipes web property.
Better Homes and Gardens, a monthly home/lifestyle magazine and Australia's best-selling magazine.
Diabetic Living, a bi-monthly lifestyle magazine aimed at people suffering from diabetes.
Family Circle, a women's magazine aimed at mothers, based on the American publication.
Home Beautiful, a monthly home decorating magazine.
NewIdeaFood.com.au, a new gourmet food online product offering recipes with topical food news.
References
External links
Category:Television broadcasting companies of Australia
Category:Australian companies established in 1992
Category:Companies based in Perth, Western Australia
Category:Companies listed on the Australian Securities Exchange
Category:Seven Network | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Upper Frederick Township, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania
Upper Frederick Township is a township in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 3,523 at the 2010 census.
History
The Henry Antes House, Bridge in Upper Frederick Township (Fagleysville, Pennsylvania), Bridge in Upper Frederick Township (Zieglersville, Pennsylvania), John Englehardt Homestead, and Conrad Grubb Homestead are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The Henry Antes House is also listed as a National Historic Landmark.
Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 10.1 square miles (26.3 km2), of which, 10.0 square miles (25.8 km2) of it is land and 0.2 square miles (0.4 km2) of it (1.68%) is water. It drained by the Schuylkill River via the Perkiomen Creek, which forms its eastern boundary. Its villages include Frederick (also in New Hanover Township,) Obelisk (also in Lower Frederick Township,) and Perkiomenville (also in Marlborough Township.)
Neighboring municipalities
Marlborough Township (northeast)
Green Lane (northeast)
Upper Salford Township (east)
Lower Frederick Township (southeast)
Limerick Township (south)
New Hanover Township (west and northwest)
Upper Hanover Township (north)
Demographics
As of the 2010 census, the township was 96.1% White, 1.5% Black or African American, 0.1% Native American, 0.6% Asian, 0.1% Native Hawaiian, and 1.0% were two or more races. 2.0% of the population were of Hispanic or Latino ancestry.
As of the census of 2000, there were 3,141 people, 1,045 households, and 811 families residing in the township. The population density was 315.1 people per square mile (121.6/km2). There were 1,088 housing units at an average density of 109.2/sq mi (42.1/km2). The racial makeup of the township was 97.01% White, 1.43% African American, 0.19% Native American, 0.29% Asian, 0.16% from other races, and 0.92% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.51% of the population.
There were 1,045 households, out of which 40.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 70.4% were married couples living together, 5.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.3% were non-families. 17.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.79 and the average family size was 3.19.
In the township the population was spread out, with 26.8% under the age of 18, 4.8% from 18 to 24, 33.1% from 25 to 44, 20.8% from 45 to 64, and 14.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.9 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $60,742, and the median income for a family was $63,902. Males had a median income of $42,782 versus $33,365 for females. The per capita income for the township was $22,640. About 2.5% of families and 3.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 3.8% of those under age 18 and 3.6% of those age 65 or over.
Government and politics
References
External links
Upper Frederick Township
Category:Townships in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania
Category:Townships in Pennsylvania | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Honington, Lincolnshire
Honington is an English village and civil parish in the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire. It lies just north of the junction between the A153 and A607 roads, about north of Grantham and west of Sleaford.
History
To the east of Honington are earthwork remains of an Iron Age fort, measuring by with defensive banks and ditches. There a hoard of Roman coins was found in 1691, although an investigation in 1976 could find no evidence of Roman occupation. The 1885 Kelly's Directory view of the earthworks "on the heath near the village" is that it is the site of a Roman Camp with fosse and vallum.
In the Domesday account of 1086, Honington appears as "Hondintone", "Hundindune" and "Hundinton". Honington consisted of two manors in the old wapentake of Threo. Before the Conquest one lordship worth 9 geld units was held by Godwin of Barrowby, and after by Ivo Tallboys. The smaller lordship, worth three geld units, was held by Ulf (Fenman) before the 1066 conquest, then in 1086 by Fulbert with Gilbert of Ghent as his tenant-in-chief. Honington, like every Lincolnshire village, was assessed at twelve carucates to the geld was known as a hundred in the 11th century, each hundred being a fiscal unit distinct from the larger political wapentake.
The village belonged to the historical wapentake of Winnibriggs and Threo after the mergers of wapentakes that occurred in the 11th–13th centuries.
Economy and amenities
Kelly's noted that Honington was a parish and railway station on the Grantham, Sleaford and Boston branch of the Great Northern Railway, at the junction with the Lincoln line. Agricultural production was chiefly wheat, barley, oats, turnips and seeds, in a parish area of with an 1881 population of 177. The Lord of the Manor and sole landowner was Edward Southwell Trafford of Wroxham Hall, Norwich.
Honington Hall, seat of James Hornsby JP was built in 1862–1863 as a stone building in Elizabethan style with an attached observatory tower. A mixed parish school was built in 1863 for 60 children.
In December 2015 Fibre to the Cabinet Broadband was installed in the village as part of a Lincolnshire-wide scheme to upgrade the infrastructure.
Church
The ecclesiastical parish of Honington shares the civil-parish boundaries, as part of the Barkston and Hough Group of the Loveden Deanery of the Diocese of Lincoln. The originally 11th-century Anglican parish church, dedicated to St Wilfrid, is Grade II listed. The incumbent in 2013 was Rev. Alan Littlewood.
Kelly's noted that the church of St Wilfrid seated 120 people. It is in Norman, Early English and later styles, and consists of a chancel with a north aisle or chapel, a clerestoried nave of two bays, a porch, and a square tower of Early English date, with a Perpendicular parapet and pinnacles, containing three bells. The north aisle is late Perpendicular and the chancel arch encloses the remains of a stone screen. The original aisle or chapel was built by the Hussey family in reign of Henry VIII. At the west end of the chapel is a stone monument with figure to William Smith, died 1550, his wife, a daughter of Augustine Porter of Belton, and six children. In the pavement of the chancel is a grey slab, formerly commemorating a priest whose effigy partly remains, but now covered by a brass plate inscribed to John Hussey, died 1553, benefactor to Honington parish and Caythorpe. In 1873 the nave was restored and reseated, and the interior of the tower restored. Pevsner notes further monuments, including a bust of Thomas Hussey, died 1697, and an architectural tomb to Dame Sarah Hussey, died 1714, and also a 17th-century communion rail, a 1577 gilt beaker, and a 1732 paten and flagon by Benjamin Godfrey.
References
External links
"Honington", Genuki.org.uk. Retrieved 12 December 2011
"Honington Parish Meeting", Lincolnshire.gov.uk. Retrieved 12 December 2011
Category:Villages in Lincolnshire
Category:Civil parishes in Lincolnshire
Category:South Kesteven District | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Henry Olaf Hoff
Henry Olaf Hoff (14 July 1912 – 25 June 2011) was a Norwegian welder, trade unionist and politician for the Communist and Labour parties.
Early life and career
He was born in Aker. After attending vocational school in mechanics, which he finished in 1936, he was an apprentice at Norsk Gjærde- og Metalldukfabrikk from 1937 to 1941. While working here he also took extra education in the evenings. When finishing his training as a plate worker and welder in 1941, he was hired at Rodeløkken Maskinverksted. During the Second World War he was also active in the resistance, earning the Defence Medal 1940–1945, and in 1947 he attended a communist evening school.
Political career and unionism
In politics, he started as leader of the local Young Communist League branch in Høybråten in 1947. In 1948 he advanced to regional leader in Oslo and Akershus; he was also a central board member of the organization until 1953, outliving the 1949 catharsis of Peder Furubotn and his supporters. From 1949 to 1951 he also served as the Young Communist League's national secretary.
He was elected to Oslo city council in 1951, and re-elected in 1955. He served as a deputy representative to the Parliament of Norway from Oslo during the term 1954–1957, and as it happened he had to meet in Parliament almost half of the time. In total he met during 2 years and 193 days of parliamentary session. From 1954 to 1965 he also served as the secretary of the Communist Party, also being elected for a new term as a deputy in Oslo city council from 1963 to 1967.
Hoff was hired as a welder at Nylands Verksted in 1951, and worked here until 1971 except for his tenure as party secretary in the Communist Party. From 1952 to 1954 he was the local trade union chairman at Nyland, and a supervisory council member of Oslo faglige samorg from 1953 to 1965. From 1968 to 1970 he headed the union again, and was also given a spot in the company's corporate council.
He ultimately left his job as a labourer to become a full-time trade unionist. He was elected as such in the Norwegian Union of Iron and Metalworkers in 1971, and from 1980 to 1981 he served as deputy leader of the union. He also announced a change in politics, as he in 1986 was selected for the supervisory council in Oslo Labour Party. He was one of their main contacts in the metal industry, and was a member of their party platform committee ahead of the 1991 Norwegian local elections. He resided near Valle-Hovin where he also involved himself when a party platform was to be laid out for the 1995 borough council elections.
Hoff was also a research consultant, as a member of trade subcommittees in NTNF and Norsk Produktivitetsinstitutt from 1978 to 1983 and the Fafo Foundation from 1982 to 1985. He was a prolific writer on workers' rights and trade issues. He died in June 2011.
References
Category:1921 births
Category:2011 deaths
Category:Norwegian resistance members
Category:Norwegian trade unionists
Category:Politicians from Oslo
Category:Deputy members of the Storting
Category:Communist Party of Norway politicians
Category:Labour Party (Norway) politicians
Category:Norwegian non-fiction writers | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Danilo Šibalić
Danilo Šibalić (born March 18, 1988) is a Serbian professional basketball player for Aubenas US of the French Nationale Masculine 1.
Career
Šibalić started his career with KK Beovuk 72. He later played for Vojvodina Srbijagas, UBC St. Pölten (Austria), Ergonom, Radnički KG 06 and Ovče Pole (Macedonia).
In the 2010–11 season he played for Ulcinj, and for the next season he signed with Napredak Kruševac.
The 2012–13 season he started with KK Servitium of the Bosnian League. After appearing in five games he left Servitium and moved to Smederevo for the rest of the season.
On May 15, 2013, he signed with LF Basket of the Swedish Basketligan for the 2013–14 season.
On September 24, 2014, he signed with ABA Strumica in Macedonia. In December 2015, he left Strumica and signed with Teodo Tivat for the rest of the season.
The 2015–16 season he started with Smederevo. In January 2016, he left Smederevo and signed with Igokea for the rest of the season. On July 2, 2016, he re-signed with Igokea for the 2016–17 season. On June 20, 2017, he signed a two-year contract extension with Igokea.
On August 5, 2018, Šibalić signed for US Aubenas Basket in France to play in the 3rd-tier league for one year.
References
External links
ABA League profile
FIBA profile
Profile at eurobasket.com
Category:1988 births
Category:Living people
Category:ABA League players
Category:Basketball League of Serbia players
Category:KK Beovuk 72 players
Category:KK Ergonom players
Category:KK Napredak Kruševac players
Category:KK Igokea players
Category:KK Radnički KG 06 players
Category:KK Smederevo players
Category:KK Vojvodina Srbijagas players
Category:OKK Sloboda Tuzla players
Category:Serbian expatriate basketball people in Austria
Category:Serbian expatriate basketball people in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Category:Serbian expatriate basketball people in France
Category:Serbian expatriate basketball people in Montenegro
Category:Serbian expatriate basketball people in Sweden
Category:Serbian expatriate basketball people in North Macedonia
Category:Serbian men's basketball players
Category:Sportspeople from Belgrade
Category:Forwards (basketball) | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Shivala Teja Singh temple
Shawala Teja Singh temple is a 1000 years old Hindu temple in Sialkot a famous city of Punjab province of Pakistan. This is a Shiva Temple. The temple was closed and destroyed after the division of Subcontinent in 1947. Now the local Hindu leaders including Amar Nath Randhawa and Ratan Lal Baghat have urged the Pakistan government to ensure the early repairing of the crumbling building of Shawala Teja Singh temple after 72 years on Friday 25, October 2019 by the Pandit Jashpal Bhagat.
The temple was closed and destroyed after the division of Subcontinent in 1947.After the Partition, the idols of Lord Shiva installed at the ancient temple had disappeared gradually as they had been vandalised several times, especially post-Babri Masjid demolition.
Now the local Hindu leaders have urged the Pakistan government to ensure the early repairing of the crumbling building of Shawala Teja Singh templeAfter 72 years Prime Minister Imran Khan, reopened the temple to the Hindus.Pakistan government’s Evacuee Trust Property Board (ETPB) has chalked out a plan for the renovation and preservation of the ‘shivala’ with the help of Lahore-based Sir Ganga Ram Heritage Foundation.In 2019,the Pakistan government has renovated and formally handed over the centuries-old Shawala Teja Singh Temple to the Pakistan Hindu Council for facilitating pilgrim visits and other rituals.
References
Thank
Yamla
References
Category:Hindu temples in Pakistan
Category:Sialkot District | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Pusiola danella
Pusiola danella is a moth in the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Antonio Durante and Sandro Panzera in 2002. It is found in Nigeria.
References
Category:Moths described in 2002
Category:Lithosiini
Category:Moths of Africa | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
In re Gill
In re: Gill is a landmark Florida court case that in 2010 ended Florida's 33-year ban on adoptions by homosexuals. In 2007, Frank Martin Gill, an openly gay man, had petitioned the circuit court to adopt two boys that he and his partner had been raising as foster children since 2004. Gill was prohibited from adopting by a 1977 Florida law prohibiting adoption by gay men and lesbians in that state. After a four-day trial challenging the law, on November 25, 2008, Judge Cindy S. Lederman declared the ban violated the equal protection rights of the children and their prospective parents under the Florida Constitution, and granted Gill's adoption request.
The state of Florida appealed the trial court decision. Oral arguments were heard by a three judge panel of the Florida Third District Court of Appeal on August 26, 2009. The district court upheld the trial court's ruling in favor of the plaintiffs on September 22, 2010, and the state declined to pursue any further appeals, thus effectively nullifying the anti-gay adoption statute.
The Florida Legislature undertook comprehensive adoption reform in 2015, repealing the 1977 ban on homosexual adoption, which the state had not enforced since 2010.
Background
Florida adoption cases
In 1977, at the peak of the anti-gay Save Our Children campaign led by Anita Bryant to repeal a Miami-Dade human rights law, the Florida Legislature enacted a law prohibiting adoptions by homosexuals.
Several attempts were made in the state legislature to repeal the adoption ban, and there were several unsuccessful challenges in Florida courts, including:
Seebol v. Farie (1991)
Cox. v. Florida Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services (1995)
Amer v. Johnson (1997)
In 1999, the issue was heard in federal court for the first time when the case of Lofton v. Kearney was taken to the United States District Court in South Florida, which upheld the state law in August 2001. The case was appealed to the U. S. Court of Appeals, Eleventh Circuit. In May 2002 while the Lofton case was pending, eight former state legislators who voted for the 1977 ban, including the former Senate President and House Speaker, repudiated the law. Former representative Elaine Bloom said, "The hysteria of the times led us to do the wrong thing."
Furthermore, in June 2003 the U. S. Supreme Court in Lawrence v. Texas struck down all remaining sodomy laws nationwide as being unconstitutional violations of the due process rights of gays and lesbians. However, in January 2004, the appeals court ruled against Lofton, finding that the adoption ban did not violate constitutional guarantees of equal protection and due process. In May 2005, the U. S. Supreme Court refused to hear an appeal from Lofton.
Foster parenting in Florida
Although homosexuals were prohibited from adopting, the state did allow them to be foster parents or legal guardians. In 1992 a lesbian couple had filed suit (Matthews v. Weinberg 645 So. 2d 487) after the state removed a six-year-old foster child from their home on account of their sexual orientation. In 1994, the Florida Second District Court of Appeal ruled in favor of the plaintiffs, holding that the Legislature had not prohibited homosexuals or unmarried couples from serving as foster parents. Thereafter, state child welfare workers placed numerous children (including victims of abuse or neglect, special needs children, and infants or toddlers with HIV or AIDS) with same-sex couples over the years, as was the case with the Gill family. As Judge Lederman noted:
During the Gill trial, the Florida Department of Children and Families, which operates the state foster care system, admitted in court that "gay people and heterosexuals make equally good parents ... that placing children with gay adoptive parents does not harm or disadvantage children emotionally or physically ... [and] that gay people could be the ideal placements for some children." At that time, there were 3,535 children in state custody needing adoptive parents.
Issue
On December 11, 2004, the Florida Department of Children and Families placed two boys, who are referred to as John and James Doe in court papers, in the home of Martin Gill and his partner, who had previously fostered several other children. Four-year-old John and four-month-old James were only supposed to be with Gill temporarily, but plans for them to live with relatives fell through.
In 2006, a judge terminated the parental rights of the boys' biological parents. Gill subsequently petitioned the Florida Department of Children and Families in October 2006 to adopt the boys, but although every assessment and home study showed that the boys were thriving under the excellent care of Gill and his partner, DCF denied the petition because it violated the law against adoption by a homosexual. With the help of attorneys provided by the American Civil Liberties Union, Gill filed a petition for adoption with the circuit court in January 2007, which held a four-day hearing on the case in October 2008. The Department of Children and Families was represented by attorneys from the state Attorney General's office. Judge Lederman found in favor of the plaintiff, Gill, and granted the adoption in her ruling on November 25, 2008.
Circuit Court
Over the course of a four-day trial before the Eleventh Judicial Circuit Court of Florida in Miami-Dade County, both the petitioners and the state presented evidence relating to the best interests of the children involved as well as evidence related to the legitimacy of the ban on adoption by gay men and lesbians.
A psychologist who evaluated the boys testified that it was in their best interests to be adopted by Gill, and that removing them from their home would be devastating. The boys' guardian ad litem, appointed by the court to represent their interests in the proceedings, called Gill and his partner "model parents" and their home "one of the most caring and nurturing placements" he had seen.
The ACLU, representing Gill, called expert witnesses who cited studies that found no significant differences in the stability of same-sex relationships compared to opposite-sex relationships, and no significant differences in outcomes for children raised by same-sex parents versus opposite-sex parents.
The state called Dr. George Alan Rekers, at the time an officer and scientific advisor of the National Association for Research & Therapy of Homosexuality (NARTH), who presented research (some of which had already been discredited) finding that gay men and lesbians suffered higher rates of depression, anxiety, affective disorders and substance abuse than heterosexuals and that same-sex relationships were less stable than opposite-sex ones. The state also called a second expert witness, Dr. Walter Schumm, Associate Professor of Family Studies at Kansas State University, who conceded that a case-by-case assessment of potential adoptive parents who are gay or lesbian would be more appropriate than the current blanket exclusion.
During the trial, Rekers testified that "gay people [are] mentally unstable and advised that the ban should be expanded to include Native Americans because, Rekers claimed, they are also at much higher risk of mental illness and substance abuse." However, in her ruling on the case Judge Lederman stated that the testimony of George Rekers "was far from a neutral and unbiased recitation of the relevant scientific evidence," and that "Dr. Rekers' beliefs are motivated by his strong ideological and theological convictions. ... The court cannot consider his testimony to be credible nor worthy of forming the basis of public policy."
In her order granting the petition to adopt, Judge Lederman (who had presided over many child welfare cases as Presiding Judge of the Miami-Dade Juvenile Court since 1994) found that Florida's adoption ban violated the equal protection rights of Gill and the minor children without a rational basis for doing so. The court also found that the ban violated state and federal guarantees of the children's right to permanency. The judge stated in her decision:
Reports and studies find that there are no differences in the parenting of homosexuals or the adjustment of their children. These conclusions have been accepted, adopted and ratified by the American Psychological Association, the American Psychiatry Association, the American Pediatric Association, the American Academy of Pediatrics, the Child Welfare League of America and the National Association of Social Workers. As a result, based on the robust nature of the evidence available in the field, this Court is satisfied that the issue is so far beyond dispute that it would be irrational to hold otherwise; the best interests of children are not preserved by prohibiting homosexual adoption.
District Court of Appeal
The Attorney General's office immediately announced its intention to appeal the ruling. In December 2008, lawyers for Gill and the children filed a motion requesting that the Florida Supreme Court take up the case immediately, which was denied.
Oral arguments were heard by the Florida Third District Court of Appeal on August 26, 2009. Some observers believed the case would ultimately be decided by the Florida Supreme Court.
In the appeals court, state attorneys working for McCollum redoubled their efforts to maintain the ban on gay adoptions, and furthermore sought to remove the children from the Gill home, where they had resided happily for five years and, as the circuit judge found, "thrived." In November 2009, the Palm Beach Post reported:
Deputy Solicitor General Tim Osterhaus, who works for McCollum and made the oral argument on Aug. 26, was asked by Judge Vance Salter what relief the agency was seeking from the court. Osterhaus asked the three-judge panel to reverse the adoption and "make the children available for adoption."..."There was an audible gasp in the packed courtroom when the attorney general's lawyer said that," said ACLU Florida spokesman Brandon Hensler, one of the dozens of attendees during oral arguments before the 3rd District Court of Appeal in Miami in August. ... Osterhaus' response was the first mention that Gill's adopted children could be taken away, said Gill's ACLU attorney, Rob Rosenwald Jr. of Miami.
In September 2010, Governor Charlie Crist, on the heels of announcing an LGBT rights-supportive platform for his candidacy for the United States Senate, announced that he was considering dropping the appeal. Both the ACLU and the director of the state's Department of Children and Families urged Crist to not drop the suit, saying that there needs to be a final judicial resolution that applies across the entire state.
On September 22, 2010, the court unanimously struck down the ban as violating the equal protection guarantees of the Florida Constitution, stating: "The trial judge was entitled to reach the conclusion, which she did, that the Department's experts' opinions were not valid from a scientific point of view." Governor Crist hailed the decision as "a very good day for Florida; it's a great day for children. Children deserve a loving home to be in."
On October 22, 2010, Florida Attorney General Bill McCollum announced he would not pursue any further appeals of the case, effectively bringing the case and the issue of adoptions by gay men and lesbians in Florida to a close. Martin Gill's adoption of the two boys he and his partner had been raising was approved. The adoption was finalized in a ceremony in the chambers of Judge Lederman on January 19, 2011.
Bill McCollum and the George Rekers scandal
Before the appeals court's final decision was rendered in September 2010, In re: Gill had gained further notability as the background to both the failed political ambitions of Attorney General Bill McCollum and the career-ending scandal of Dr. George Rekers.
McCollum specifically hired psychologist George Rekers, a proponent of conversion therapy, as the state's star expert witness in defense of its anti-gay adoption law, and Rekers was paid nearly $120,000 for his testimony on behalf of the state. McCollum wrote in 2007: "Our attorneys handling this case have searched long and hard for other expert witnesses with comparable expertise to Dr. Rekers and have been unable to identify any who would be available for this case." However, his choice of witness was criticized by Nadine Smith of the gay-rights organization Equality Florida: "Rekers is part of a small cadre of bogus pseudo scientists that charge these exorbitant fees to peddle information they know has been discredited time and time again. And people like McCollum will pay top dollar for it. There's a reason why he can't find credible sources. Because credible people don't believe this ban should exist."
In May 2010, Rekers became the subject of a sex scandal when the Miami New Times reported that he had been photographed at Miami International Airport with a 20-year-old rent boy, whom Rekers claimed to have hired merely as a "travel assistant" during a 10-day trip to Europe. The incident was subsequently covered by national and world media, leading Rekers to resign from the National Association for Research & Therapy of Homosexuality, where he had been a scientific advisor and officer. McCollum's credibility and judgment were questioned in the media, as well. The Miami Herald reported on June 5, 2010:
Nevertheless, while awaiting the decision of the appeals court, McCollum told the Florida Baptist Witness on August 3, 2010, that he believed Florida law should be changed to exclude homosexuals from being foster parents as well as adoptive parents:
I really do not think that we should have homosexuals guiding our children. I think that it's a lifestyle that I don't agree with. I realize a lot of people do. It's my personal faith, religious faith, that I don't believe that the people who do this should be raising our children. It's not a natural thing. You need a mother and a father. You need a man and a woman. That's what God intended.
Asked about the Rekers scandal, McCollum said:
I would never have chosen Rekkers [sic] had I known what we now know today ... Rekkers was not an authority on this issue. He was an authority in the sense that he was a scholar. He did research into papers that other people wrote. So he was able to be used to get into evidence these matters that we needed. And it's unfortunate that all this publicity has come up over it, but the lawsuit, I think, is on sound ground and we're carrying it forward.
McCollum had announced his candidacy for governor in May 2009, but on August 24, 2010, McCollum lost the Republican primary election to Rick Scott, who was elected Governor of Florida in the general election the following November. He was succeeded in office as Attorney General by Pam Bondi on January 4, 2011.
Statutory repeal of the adoption ban
The Florida Legislature undertook comprehensive adoption reform in 2015. The legislation repealed the 1977 ban on homosexual adoption. HB 7013 passed the Florida House of Representatives on a 68-50 vote on March 11. On April 15, the Florida Senate passed the bill on a 27-11 vote. Republican Governor Rick Scott signed the bill into law on June 11, and it came into effect on July 1, 2015.
See also
In re
LGBT adoption in the United States
LGBT rights in Florida
References
External links
Cases
Transcript of the Eleventh Circuit Court trial, October 1-6, 2008 (1386 pages)
Text of the Eleventh Circuit Court decision, 25 Nov 2008
Text of the Third District Court of Appeal decision, 22 September 2010
Books and articles
Turbe, Laura A. "Florida's Inconsistent Use of the Best Interests of the Child Standard," 33 Stetson L. Rev. 369 (2003–2004), accessed July 16, 2011 Summaries of the Florida adoption cases from 1990 to 2003, prior to In re: Gill, are found on pages 377-381.
Newton, David E. "In re: Gill," Same-sex Marriage: A Reference Handbook. ABC-CLIO, 2010, pp. 185-187.
Websites
ACLU Case Profile of In Re: Gill, 19 January 2011, accessed 14 July 2011
Cooper, Leslie. "Victory for Florida Family First Step to Ending Adoption Ban," 17 July 2009, accessed 14 July 2011
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Trechus valbonensis
Trechus valbonensis is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Trechinae. It was described by Jeannel in 1927.
References
valbonensis
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Helge Kringstad
Helge Kringstad (born 10 July 1943) is a Norwegian banker, civil servant and politician for the Labour Party.
He was born in Veøy. He took the cand.jur. degree in 1969, and worked as a deputy judge in Hammerfest until 1970. He worked as a lawyer for various companies between 1970 and 1977, and then became assisting secretary in the Norwegian Ministry of Trade. In 1980 he became director of the Norwegian Guarantee Institute for Export Credits. In late 1987 he was hired as CEO of DnC Kredittforsikring. He was given an absence of leave, and Erik Holtedahl became acting director before Erling Naper took over in 1989. After the 1990 merger in DnC, the company for which Kringstad was CEO was named DnB Garanti og Kredittforsikring.
From September 1991 to September 1992 he was a State Secretary for development cooperation affairs in Brundtland's Ministry of Foreign Affairs. In 1994 he was appointed as executive director in the EBRD. He later became a lawyer again.
Kringstad has been a member of Norges Eksportråd, a board member of Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation and vice president of the International Union of Credit and Investment Insurers. He has been a board chairman of the company Norway Registers Development; deputy chair at the time was Finn Kristensen. He resides in Blommenholm.
References
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Works of Piety
Works of Piety, in Methodism, are certain spiritual disciplines that along with the Works of Mercy, serve as a means of grace, and are necessary for Christian perfection. All Methodist Christians, laity and ordained, are expected to employ them. The Works of Piety are:
Prayer
Searching the Scriptures
Holy Communion
Fasting
Christian community
Healthy living
The more interior Works of Piety are paralleled by the external Works of Mercy. John Wesley insisted that the Works of Piety were important because they "further ensconced believers in a spiritual world of conflict in which humans needed to pursue holiness with the same vigor with which they sought their justification." In relation to soteriology, the grace of God was "all sufficient," and it issued in a universal atonement that made possible a saving "change of heart;" this change of heart required "the influences of divine grace," but it also required "constant exertions."
References
External links
"The Means of Grace" by the Rev. John Wesley
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1955–56 Maccabi Rehovot F.C. season
The 1955–56 Maccabi Rehovot season was the club's 45th season since its establishment in 1912, and 8th since the establishment of the State of Israel.
At the start of the season, the league which started during the previous season was completed, with the club finishing 8th. The new league season, with the top division being re-named Liga Leumit, began on 3 December 1955 and was completed on 3 June 1956, with the club finishing 11th and relegating to Liga Alef.
Match Results
Legend
1954–55 Liga Alef
The league began on 6 February 1955, and by the time the previous season ended, only 20 rounds of matches were completed, with the final 6 rounds being played during September and October 1955.
Final table
Matches
1955–56 Liga Leumit
Final table
Matches
References
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Ulmus × hollandica 'Folia Rhomboidea'
Ulmus × hollandica 'Folia Rhomboidea' is one of a number of cultivars possibly arising from the crossing of the Wych Elm Ulmus glabra with a variety of Field Elm Ulmus minor. First mentioned by Morren in 1851 as U. campestris latifolia, foliis rhomboides.
Description
Reputed to resemble 'Pitteurs' but for the rhomboid shape of the leaf.
Cultivation
Once grown on the Pitteurs estate, Sint-Truiden, Belgium. No specimens are known to survive.
References
Category:Dutch elm cultivar
Category:Ulmus articles missing images
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Montrose Botanic Gardens
The Montrose Botanic Gardens are located at 1800 Pavilion Drive, Montrose, Colorado, south of the Montrose Pavilion.
While in the gardens, you can view the San Juan Mountains to the south.
Open dawn to dusk. Free entry, but donations are always appreciated.
See also
List of botanical gardens in the United States
External links
Montrose Botanic Gardens, official site
Category:Botanical gardens in Colorado
Category:Montrose, Colorado
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Gorilla
Gorillas are ground-dwelling, predominantly herbivorous apes that inhabit the forests of central Sub-Saharan Africa. The genus Gorilla is divided into two species: the eastern gorillas and the western gorillas (both critically endangered), and either four or five subspecies. They are the largest living primates. The DNA of gorillas is highly similar to that of humans, from 95 to 99% depending on what is included, and they are the next closest living relatives to humans after the chimpanzees and bonobos.
Gorillas' natural habitats cover tropical or subtropical forests in Sub-Saharan Africa. Although their range covers a small percentage of Sub-Saharan Africa, gorillas cover a wide range of elevations. The mountain gorilla inhabits the Albertine Rift montane cloud forests of the Virunga Volcanoes, ranging in altitude from . Lowland gorillas live in dense forests and lowland swamps and marshes as low as sea level, with western lowland gorillas living in Central West African countries and eastern lowland gorillas living in the Democratic Republic of the Congo near its border with Rwanda.
Etymology
The word "gorilla" comes from the history of Hanno the Navigator, ( 500 BC) a Carthaginian explorer on an expedition on the west African coast to the area that later became Sierra Leone. Members of the expedition encountered "savage people, the greater part of whom were women, whose bodies were hairy, and whom our interpreters called Gorillae". It is unknown whether what the explorers encountered were what we now call gorillas, another species of ape or monkeys, or humans. Skins of gorillai women, brought back by Hanno, are reputed to have been kept at Carthage until Rome destroyed the city 350 years later at the end of the Punic Wars, 146 BC.
The American physician and missionary Thomas Staughton Savage and naturalist Jeffries Wyman first described the western gorilla (they called it Troglodytes gorilla) in 1847 from specimens obtained in Liberia. The name was derived , described by Hanno.
Evolution and classification
The closest relatives of gorillas are the other two Homininae genera, chimpanzees and humans, all of them having diverged from a common ancestor about 7 million years ago. Human gene sequences differ only 1.6% on average from the sequences of corresponding gorilla genes, but there is further difference in how many copies each gene has. Until recently, gorillas were considered to be a single species, with three subspecies: the western lowland gorilla, the eastern lowland gorilla and the mountain gorilla. There is now agreement that there are two species, each with two subspecies. More recently, a third subspecies has been claimed to exist in one of the species. The separate species and subspecies developed from a single type of gorilla during the Ice Age, when their forest habitats shrank and became isolated from each other.
Primatologists continue to explore the relationships between various gorilla populations. The species and subspecies listed here are the ones upon which most scientists agree.
The proposed third subspecies of Gorilla beringei, which has not yet received a trinomen, is the Bwindi population of the mountain gorilla, sometimes called the Bwindi gorilla.
Some variations that distinguish the classifications of gorilla include varying density, size, hair colour, length, culture, and facial widths. Population genetics of the lowland gorillas suggest that the western and eastern lowland populations diverged ~261 thousand years ago.
Physical characteristics
Gorillas move around by knuckle-walking, although they sometimes walk bipedally for short distances while carrying food or in defensive situations, and some mountain gorillas use other parts of their hand to aid locomotion (studies of 77 mountain gorillas published in 2018 showed 61% only used knuckle walking, but the remainder used knuckle walking plus other parts of their hand—fist walking in ways that do not use the knuckles, using the backs of their hand, and using their palms). Wild male gorillas weigh , while adult females usually weigh about half as much as adult males at .
Adult males are tall, with an arm span that stretches from . Female gorillas are shorter at , with smaller arm spans. Groves (1970) calculates that average weight of the 47 wild adult male gorillas is 143 kg, while Smith and Jungers(1997) found that the average weight of the 19 wild adult male gorillas is 169 kg. Adult male gorillas are known as silverbacks due to the characteristic silver hair on their backs reaching to the hips. The tallest gorilla recorded was a silverback with an arm span of , a chest of , and a weight of , shot in Alimbongo, northern Kivu in May 1938. The heaviest gorilla recorded was a silverback shot in Ambam, Cameroon, which weighed . Males in captivity are noted to be capable of reaching weights up to . Gorilla facial structure is described as mandibular prognathism, that is, the mandible protrudes farther out than the maxilla. Adult males also have a prominent sagittal crest.
The eastern gorilla is more darkly coloured than the western gorilla, with the mountain gorilla being the darkest of all. The mountain gorilla also has the thickest hair. The western lowland gorilla can be brown or grayish with a reddish forehead. In addition, gorillas that live in lowland forests are more slender and agile than the more bulky mountain gorillas. The eastern gorilla also has a longer face and broader chest than the western gorilla.
Studies have shown gorilla blood is not reactive to anti-A and anti-B monoclonal antibodies, which would, in humans, indicate type O blood. Due to novel sequences, though, it is different enough to not conform with the human ABO blood group system, into which the other great apes fit. Like humans, gorillas have individual fingerprints.
Their eye colour is dark brown, framed by a black ring around the iris.
Distribution and habitat
Gorillas have a patchy distribution. The range of the two species is separated by the Congo River and its tributaries. The western gorilla lives in west central Africa, while the eastern gorilla lives in east central Africa. Between the species, and even within the species, gorillas live in a variety of habitats and elevations. Gorilla habitat ranges from montane forests to swamps. Eastern gorillas inhabit montane and submontane forests between above sea level. Mountain gorillas live in the montane forests at the higher ends of the elevation range, while eastern lowland gorillas live in submontane forests at the lower ends of the elevation range. In addition, eastern lowland gorillas live in montane bamboo forests, as well as lowland forests ranging from in elevation. Western gorillas live in both lowland swamp forests and montane forests, and elevations ranging from sea level to . Western lowland gorillas live in swamp and lowland forests ranging up to , and Cross River gorillas live in low-lying and submontane forests ranging from .
Nesting
Gorillas construct nests for daytime and night use. Nests tend to be simple aggregations of branches and leaves about in diameter and are constructed by individuals. Gorillas, unlike chimpanzees or orangutans, tend to sleep in nests on the ground. The young nest with their mothers, but construct nests after three years of age, initially close to those of their mothers. Gorilla nests are distributed arbitrarily and use of tree species for site and construction appears to be opportunistic. Nest-building by great apes is now considered to be not just animal architecture, but as an important instance of tool use.
Food and foraging
A gorilla's day is divided between rest periods and travel or feeding periods. Diets differ between and within species. Mountain gorillas mostly eat foliage, such as leaves, stems, pith, and shoots, while fruit makes up a very small part of their diets. Mountain gorilla food is widely distributed and neither individuals nor groups have to compete with one another. Their home ranges vary from 3 to 15 km2 (1.16 to 5.79 mi2), and their movements range around or less on an average day. Despite eating a few species in each habitat, mountain gorillas have flexible diets and can live in a variety of habitats.
Eastern lowland gorillas have more diverse diets, which vary seasonally. Leaves and pith are commonly eaten, but fruits can make up as much as 25% of their diets. Since fruit is less available, lowland gorillas must travel farther each day, and their home ranges vary from 2.7–6.5 km2 (1.04 to 2.51 mi2), with day ranges . Eastern lowland gorillas will also eat insects, preferably ants. Western lowland gorillas depend on fruits more than the others and they are more dispersed across their range. They travel even farther than the other gorilla subspecies, at per day on average, and have larger home ranges of 7–14 km2 (2.70–5.41 mi2). Western lowland gorillas have less access to terrestrial herbs, although they can access aquatic herbs in some areas. Termites and ants are also eaten.
Gorillas rarely drink water "because they consume succulent vegetation that is almost half water as well as morning dew", although both mountain and lowland gorillas have been observed drinking.
Behaviour
Social structure
Gorillas live in groups called troops. Troops tend to be made of one adult male or silverback, multiple adult females and their offspring. However, multiple-male troops also exist. A silverback is typically more than 12 years of age, and is named for the distinctive patch of silver hair on his back, which comes with maturity. Silverbacks also have large canine teeth that also come with maturity. Both males and females tend to emigrate from their natal groups. For mountain gorillas, females disperse from their natal troops more than males. Mountain gorillas and western lowland gorillas also commonly transfer to second new groups.
Mature males also tend to leave their groups and establish their own troops by attracting emigrating females. However, male mountain gorillas sometimes stay in their natal troops and become subordinate to the silverback. If the silverback dies, these males may be able to become dominant or mate with the females. This behaviour has not been observed in eastern lowland gorillas. In a single male group, when the silverback dies, the females and their offspring disperse and find a new troop. Without a silverback to protect them, the infants will likely fall victim to infanticide. Joining a new group is likely to be a tactic against this. However, while gorilla troops usually disband after the silverback dies, female eastern lowlands gorillas and their offspring have been recorded staying together until a new silverback transfers into the group. This likely serves as protection from leopards.
The silverback is the center of the troop's attention, making all the decisions, mediating conflicts, determining the movements of the group, leading the others to feeding sites, and taking responsibility for the safety and well-being of the troop. Younger males subordinate to the silverback, known as blackbacks, may serve as backup protection. Blackbacks are aged between 8 and 12 years and lack the silver back hair. The bond that a silverback has with his females forms the core of gorilla social life. Bonds between them are maintained by grooming and staying close together. Females form strong relationships with males to gain mating opportunities and protection from predators and infanticidal outside males. However, aggressive behaviours between males and females do occur, but rarely lead to serious injury. Relationships between females may vary. Maternally related females in a troop tend to be friendly towards each other and associate closely. Otherwise, females have few friendly encounters and commonly act aggressively towards each other.
Females may fight for social access to males and a male may intervene. Male gorillas have weak social bonds, particularly in multiple-male groups with apparent dominance hierarchies and strong competition for mates. Males in all-male groups, though, tend to have friendly interactions and socialise through play, grooming, and staying together, and occasionally they even engage in homosexual interactions. Severe aggression is rare in stable groups, but when two mountain gorilla groups meet the two silverbacks can sometimes engage in a fight to the death, using their canines to cause deep, gaping injuries.
Competition
One possible predator of gorillas is the leopard. Gorilla remains have been found in leopard scat, but this may be the result of scavenging. When the group is attacked by humans, leopards, or other gorillas, an individual silverback will protect the group, even at the cost of his own life.
Reproduction and parenting
Females mature at 10–12 years (earlier in captivity), and males at 11–13 years. A female's first ovulatory cycle occurs when she is six years of age, and is followed by a two-year period of adolescent infertility. The estrous cycle lasts 30–33 days, with outward ovulation signs subtle compared to those of chimpanzees. The gestation period lasts 8.5 months. Female mountain gorillas first give birth at 10 years of age and have four-year interbirth intervals. Males can be fertile before reaching adulthood. Gorillas mate year round.
Females will purse their lips and slowly approach a male while making eye contact. This serves to urge the male to mount her. If the male does not respond, then she will try to attract his attention by reaching towards him or slapping the ground. In multiple-male groups, solicitation indicates female preference, but females can be forced to mate with multiple males. Males incite copulation by approaching a female and displaying at her or touching her and giving a "train grunt". Recently, gorillas have been observed engaging in face-to-face sex, a trait once considered unique to humans and bonobos.
Gorilla infants are vulnerable and dependent, thus mothers, their primary caregivers, are important to their survival. Male gorillas are not active in caring for the young, but they do play a role in socialising them to other youngsters. The silverback has a largely supportive relationship with the infants in his troop and shields them from aggression within the group. Infants remain in contact with their mothers for the first five months and mothers stay near the silverback for protection. Infants suckle at least once per hour and sleep with their mothers in the same nest.
Infants begin to break contact with their mothers after five months, but only for a brief period each time. By 12 months old, infants move up to from their mothers. At around 18–21 months, the distance between mother and offspring increases and they regularly spend time away from each other. In addition, nursing decreases to once every two hours. Infants spend only half of their time with their mothers by 30 months. They enter their juvenile period at their third year, and this lasts until their sixth year. At this time, gorillas are weaned and they sleep in a separate nest from their mothers. After their offspring are weaned, females begin to ovulate and soon become pregnant again. The presence of play partners, including the silverback, minimizes conflicts in weaning between mother and offspring.
Communication
Twenty-five distinct vocalisations are recognised, many of which are used primarily for group communication within dense vegetation. Sounds classified as grunts and barks are heard most frequently while traveling, and indicate the whereabouts of individual group members. They may also be used during social interactions when discipline is required. Screams and roars signal alarm or warning, and are produced most often by silverbacks. Deep, rumbling belches suggest contentment and are heard frequently during feeding and resting periods. They are the most common form of intragroup communication.
For this reason, conflicts are most often resolved by displays and other threat behaviours that are intended to intimidate without becoming physical. The ritualized charge display is unique to gorillas. The entire sequence has nine steps: (1) progressively quickening hooting, (2) symbolic feeding, (3) rising bipedally, (4) throwing vegetation, (5) chest-beating with cupped hands, (6) one leg kick, (7) sideways running, two-legged to four-legged, (8) slapping and tearing vegetation, and (9) thumping the ground with palms to end display.
Lifespan
A gorilla's lifespan is normally between 35 and 40 years, although zoo gorillas may live for 50 years or more. Colo, a female western gorilla at the Columbus Zoo and Aquarium was the oldest known gorilla, at 60 years of age when she died on 17 January 2017.
Intelligence
Gorillas are considered highly intelligent. A few individuals in captivity, such as Koko, have been taught a subset of sign language. Like the other great apes, gorillas can laugh, grieve, have "rich emotional lives", develop strong family bonds, make and use tools, and think about the past and future. Some researchers believe gorillas have spiritual feelings or religious sentiments. They have been shown to have cultures in different areas revolving around different methods of food preparation, and will show individual colour preferences.
Tool use
The following observations were made by a team led by Thomas Breuer of the Wildlife Conservation Society in September 2005. Gorillas are now known to use tools in the wild. A female gorilla in the Nouabalé-Ndoki National Park in the Republic of Congo was recorded using a stick as if to gauge the depth of water whilst crossing a swamp. A second female was seen using a tree stump as a bridge and also as a support whilst fishing in the swamp. This means all of the great apes are now known to use tools.
In September 2005, a two-and-a-half-year-old gorilla in the Republic of Congo was discovered using rocks to smash open palm nuts inside a game sanctuary. While this was the first such observation for a gorilla, over 40 years previously, chimpanzees had been seen using tools in the wild 'fishing' for termites. Great apes are endowed with semiprecision grips, and have been able to use both simple tools and even weapons, such as improvising a club from a convenient fallen branch.
Scientific study
American physician and missionary Thomas Staughton Savage obtained the first specimens (the skull and other bones) during his time in Liberia. The first scientific description of gorillas dates back to an article by Savage and the naturalist Jeffries Wyman in 1847 in Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History, where Troglodytes gorilla is described, now known as the western gorilla. Other species of gorilla were described in the next few years.
The explorer Paul Du Chaillu was the first westerner to see a live gorilla during his travel through western equatorial Africa from 1856 to 1859. He brought dead specimens to the UK in 1861.
The first systematic study was not conducted until the 1920s, when Carl Akeley of the American Museum of Natural History traveled to Africa to hunt for an animal to be shot and stuffed. On his first trip, he was accompanied by his friends Mary Bradley, a mystery writer, her husband, and their young daughter Alice, who would later write science fiction under the pseudonym James Tiptree Jr. After their trip, Mary Bradley wrote On the Gorilla Trail. She later became an advocate for the conservation of gorillas, and wrote several more books (mainly for children). In the late 1920s and early 1930s, Robert Yerkes and his wife Ava helped further the study of gorillas when they sent Harold Bigham to Africa. Yerkes also wrote a book in 1929 about the great apes.
After World War II, George Schaller was one of the first researchers to go into the field and study primates. In 1959, he conducted a systematic study of the mountain gorilla in the wild and published his work. Years later, at the behest of Louis Leakey and the National Geographic, Dian Fossey conducted a much longer and more comprehensive study of the mountain gorilla. When she published her work, many misconceptions and myths about gorillas were finally disproved, including the myth that gorillas are violent.
Western lowland gorillas (G. g. gorilla) are believed to be one of the zoonotic origins of HIV/AIDS. The SIVgor Simian immunodeficiency virus that infects them is similar to a certain strain of HIV-1.
Genome sequencing
The gorilla became the next-to-last great ape genus to have its genome sequenced. The first gorilla genome was generated with short read and Sanger sequencing using DNA from a female western lowland gorilla named Kamilah. This gave scientists further insight into the evolution and origin of humans. Despite the chimpanzees being the closest extant relatives of humans, 15% of the human genome was found to be more like that of the gorilla. In addition, 30% of the gorilla genome "is closer to human or chimpanzee than the latter are to each other; this is rarer around coding genes, indicating pervasive selection throughout great ape evolution, and has functional consequences in gene expression." Analysis of the gorilla genome has cast doubt on the idea that the rapid evolution of hearing genes gave rise to language in humans, as it also occurred in gorillas.
Cultural references
Since coming to the attention of western society in the 1860s, gorillas have been a recurring element of many aspects of popular culture and media. For example, gorillas have featured prominently in monstrous fantasy films such as King Kong. Additionally, pulp fiction stories such as Tarzan and Conan the Barbarian have featured gorillas as physical opponents of the titular protagonists.
Conservation status
All species (and sub-species) of gorilla are listed as critically endangered on the IUCN Red List. Now, over 100,000 western lowland gorillas are thought to exist in the wild, with 4,000 in zoos, thanks to conservation; eastern lowland gorillas have a population of under 5,000 in the wild and 24 in zoos. Mountain gorillas are the most severely endangered, with an estimated population of about 880 left in the wild and none in zoos. Threats to gorilla survival include habitat destruction and poaching for the bushmeat trade. In 2004, a population of several hundred gorillas in the Odzala National Park, Republic of Congo was essentially wiped out by the Ebola virus. A 2006 study published in Science concluded more than 5,000 gorillas may have died in recent outbreaks of the Ebola virus in central Africa. The researchers indicated in conjunction with commercial hunting of these apes, the virus creates "a recipe for rapid ecological extinction". Conservation efforts include the Great Apes Survival Project, a partnership between the United Nations Environment Programme and the UNESCO, and also an international treaty, the Agreement on the Conservation of Gorillas and Their Habitats, concluded under UNEP-administered Convention on Migratory Species. The Gorilla Agreement is the first legally binding instrument exclusively targeting gorilla conservation; it came into effect on 1 June 2008.
See also
Bili ape
Gorilla suit
List of apes – notable individual apes
List of fictional apes
Monkey Day
References
External links
Animal Diversity Web – includes photos, artwork, and skull specimens of Gorilla gorilla
Pulitzer Center on Crisis Reporting International Gorilla Conservation Programme (Video)
Primate Info Net Gorilla Factsheet – taxonomy, ecology, behavior and conservation
San Diego Zoo Gorilla Factsheet – features a video and photos
World Wildlife Fund: Gorillas – conservation, facts and photos
Gorilla protection – Gorilla conservation
Welcome to the Year of the Gorilla 2009
Virunga National Park – The Official Website for Virunga National Park, the Last Refuge for Congo's Mountain Gorillas
Human Timeline (Interactive) – Smithsonian, National Museum of Natural History (August 2016).
Category:Apes
Category:Herbivorous mammals
Category:Primate genera
Category:Taxa named by Isidore Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire | {
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Teggi
Teggi is a panchayat village in the southern state of Karnataka, India. Administratively, Teggi is under Bilagi Taluka of Bagalkot District in Karnataka. The village of Teggi is 18.1 km by road east of Galagali and 12.5 km by road northwest of the town of Bilagi. Teggi is on the south shore of the Krishna River. Teggi has Higher Primary School (HPS) and Government High School (GHS) and medium of teaching is in Kannada. The people of this village worship Shri Somalingeshwar god and has temple of it built it in stone. Population is dominated by the Valmiki/Nayak/Bedar community (List of Scheduled Tribes in India). The Teggi village has Vijaya Bank and customers from nearby villages Bisanal, Shivapur, Hanchinal, and Ballur along with local people use this.
Divisions
The Teggi gram panchayat oversees three villages: Teggi, Bisanal, and Shivapur.
Notes
External links
Category:Villages in Bagalkot district | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Uenotrechus
Uenotrechus is a genus of beetles in the family Carabidae, containing the following species:
Uenotrechus hybridiformis Ueno, 2002
Uenotrechus liboensis Deuve & Tian, 1999
References
Category:Trechinae | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Hilde Wagener
Hilde Wagener (26 September 1904 – 26 December 1992) was a German-born actress who settled in Austria. Primarily a stage actress, she also appeared in several films, such as The Burning Secret (1933), generally in supporting roles.
Selected filmography
The Burning Secret (1933)
Premiere (1937)
Such Great Foolishness (1937)
Happiness is the Main Thing (1941)
Victoria in Dover (1954)
Sissi (1955)
Three Men in the Snow (1955)
Ich suche Dich (1956)
The Black Cobra (1963)
References
External links
Bibliography
Goble, Alan. The Complete Index to Literary Sources in Film. Walter de Gruyter, 1999.
Category:1904 births
Category:1992 deaths
Category:German film actresses
Category:German stage actresses
Category:Austrian film actresses
Category:Austrian stage actresses
Category:People from Hanover
Category:20th-century German actresses
Category:20th-century Austrian actresses
Category:Commanders Crosses of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany | {
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Auslit (disambiguation)
Auslit may refer to:
AustLit: The Australian Literature Resource
Australian literature | {
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} |
Rainbow Falls, British Columbia
Rainbow Falls is a perennial plunge waterfall located near Harrison Lake, British Columbia. The falls can be viewed with difficulty from a bridge on the unpaved logging road below.
References
Category:Waterfalls of British Columbia | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Royce White
Royce Alexander White (born April 10, 1991) is an American professional basketball player who is currently a free agent. White struggles with mental health issues, mainly general anxiety triggered by his highly publicized fear of flying, and he has been an advocate for the National Basketball Association (NBA) to expand their mental health policy.
White was the 2009 Minnesota Mr. Basketball and a two-time Minnesota State High School League (MSHSL) championship team member. He was a Class 3A MSHSL champion in 2006 with DeLaSalle High School as a freshman and a Class 4A MSHSL champion in 2009 with Hopkins High School as a senior, leading his school to a perfect (31-0) record.
White played college basketball with the Iowa State Cyclones basketball team starring for the 2011–12 Cyclones, leading his team in every major statistical category. Before that he was a high school basketball star in the state of Minnesota and had committed to play for the Minnesota Golden Gophers men's basketball team before being suspended by the team and transferring to Iowa State. White was called the "mystery pick" of the 2012 NBA Draft due to his NBA ready body, point-forward skill set, and public disclosure of his generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) diagnosis during his season at Iowa State. White was drafted in the first round by the Houston Rockets and is considered a "draft bust".
In his rookie season with the Rockets, White expressed concerns about the lack of mental health policy within the NBA. He publicly advocated for a comprehensive policy for all players. White cited this stance as his reason for missing all of the 2012–13 NBA season for the Rockets, despite being under contract. He did play for the developmental league affiliate for the Vipers. Kathy Behrens, NBA president of social responsibility and player programs, has commented on White saying the league has "great respect for Royce speaking about his struggles". She says the NBA is not new to the issue but has "a growing understanding of the importance of the subject".
In 2017, after a hiatus from professional basketball, White reemerged to play his first full pro season in Canada. He was the 2017 regular season NBL Canada MVP and led the Lightning to the NBL Canada champion. In June 2018, the London Lightning confirmed that White would not be returning to the team.
Early life
Royce was born in 1991 in Minneapolis, Minnesota, the son of Kevin Tucker and Rebecca White. White started playing sports at the age of five in the South St. Paul, Rondo, and North Minneapolis communities. His grandfather, Frank White, has been a lifelong athletics and recreation figure.
High school career
White went to DeLaSalle High School for his freshman to junior years. Following his sophomore season, in which he led DeLaSalle to a 19–8 record, White participated in the 2007 LeBron James US Skills Academy in Akron, Ohio and The Nike Global Challenge at the University of Portland. For his senior year, White went to Hopkins High School. After transferring to Hopkins, he won the Class 4A MSHSL Championship in 2009, giving him his second state championship. Hopkins finished 10th in the final USA Today national poll, with a 31–0 record.
He was rated as the 2nd, 8th and 10th best high school power forward in the national class of 2009 by Rivals.com, ESPN.com and Scout.com, respectively. Rivals ranked him 19th overall, while ESPN ranked him 35th. He had dozens of collegiate scholarship offers, including Minnesota, Creighton, Illinois, Iowa, Iowa State, Michigan State, Purdue, Texas, USC, and Wisconsin. White was one of 20 2009 Jordan Brand Classic All-Americans, and he was recognized by the St. Paul Pioneer Press as a First-Team All-State honoree.
College career
Minnesota
White pleaded guilty to theft and disorderly conduct in the October 13, 2009 incident at the Mall of America; he was accused of taking $100 worth of clothes and of fifth-degree assault when he allegedly pushed a mall security officer to the ground twice, but he claimed the security officer was charging at him and he was defending himself. He was suspended for the 2009–10 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The suspension was for competition and travel, but at the discretion of head coach Tubby Smith, White could attend practices. According to his grandfather, he attended some Gopher practices in December.
White was a suspect in a November laptop theft from a university dorm, but after 3 months of investigation the University of Minnesota police department did not have enough evidence to charge him with theft. He was formally charged with trespassing in January. He left the University of Minnesota in February 2010. He had unofficially announced his departure from Minnesota via YouTube in November, but had not formally notified the athletic department. Despite his legal difficulties, White achieved better than a 3.0 grade point average in his first semester at Minnesota. While suspended from the team, he spent some of his extracurricular time on his passion for music.
Following his departure from Minnesota, White initially gave up on transferring to continue playing college basketball. He was considered to be a National Basketball Association Draft first-round talent at the time. Iowa State head coach Fred Hoiberg became acquainted with White during Hoiberg's tenure on the staff of the Minnesota Timberwolves. By the summer of 2010, he weighed . At one point, White was expected to transfer to Kentucky. White explained that he was considering transferring but told John Calipari he was having reservations about it. White was also considering transfers to Georgetown, Baylor, and UCLA, but decided on Iowa State.
Iowa State
Because White did not officially depart Minnesota until the middle of his second semester, he was academically ineligible to receive a scholarship from any Division I school in 2010. The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) usually requires a two semester residency for transfers. He transferred to Iowa State prior to using any of his athletic eligibility at Minnesota and applied to the NCAA for a waiver to be eligible to play during the 2010–11 NCAA Division I men's basketball season, but the NCAA denied his waiver. Iowa State appealed the decision, but their appeal was denied.
At Iowa State, White joined a team that included several transfer students. He was voted as the 2011–12 Big 12 Preseason Newcomer of the Year and then won the first Phillips 66 Big 12 Rookie of the Week award of the season following his November 12 double-double debut performance against Lehigh with 25 points and 11 rebounds. White had a double-double in his second career game as well three nights later against Drake with 21 points and 14 rebounds. Then on November 25 against Providence, he recorded 16 rebounds. On December 3, against 15th-ranked Michigan he recorded a double-double with 22 points and 13 rebounds as well as 4 steals.
In conference play, White posted his first triple-double on January 7 against Texas A&M with 10 points, 18 rebounds and 10 assists plus a block and two steals. His triple-double was one of thirteen NCAA DI triple doubles during the season. It was the fourth in Cyclones history and the first in a road game. It was the twelfth in Big 12 conference history and the sixth in intraconference play. On January 9, White was recognized for a second time as Phillips 66 Big 12 Rookie of the Week for leading Iowa State to its fifth 2–0 Big 12 start ever. On January 14, White posted a double-double against tenth-ranked Kansas with 18 points and 17 rebounds. On January 24, White posted 15 points and 15 rebounds against Texas for his sixth double-double. On January 31, White scored 22 points, including the winning shot with 1.8 seconds left in a 72–70 victory over Kansas State. White's seventh double-double came on February 7 against when he scored 15 points and added 12 rebounds. On February 22, White posted 13 points and 10 rebounds to go along with 8 assists against Texas Tech for his eighth double-double of the season. For the week of February 20–26 White averaged 11 points, 11 rebounds and 7.5 assists while shooting 57.1% from the field to earn his third Big 12 Rookie of the Week award. At the time of his third rookie of the week recognition, he was the only Big 12 player in the conference's top 5 in terms of rebounds and assists. White concluded the regular season with a double double against Baylor on March 3 when he totaled 11 points, 11 rebounds and 4 assists.
He added a 17-point, 10-rebound double double in the 2012 Big 12 Men's Basketball Tournament in a loss to Texas. In Iowa State's opening game of the 2012 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament, White posted 15 points and 11 rebounds in a victory over Connecticut. His season concluded with a 23-point, 9-rebound, 4-assist and 3-steal performance in a loss to Kentucky. White fouled out for the first time in his career in the game and ended the season with 11 double-doubles. White finished the season as the team leader in points, rebounds, assists, steals and blocks, making him the only player in Division I basketball to do so.
On March 4, following the 2011–12 Big 12 Conference men's basketball season, he was named the unanimous Big 12 Newcomer of the Year and was recognized as a First team All-Big 12 and a unanimous Big 12 All-Rookie Team selection by the Big 12 coaches. In addition, he was selected as Big 12 Newcomer of the Year and was recognized as a First team All-Big 12 selection by both the Associated Press and the Kansas City Star. He concluded the regular season 2nd in the Big 12 in rebounding and 5th in assists with averages of 9.2 and 5.2, respectively. On March 1, he was named to the 30-player midseason Naismith College Player of the Year Award watchlist. He was selected by the U.S. Basketball Writers Association to its 10-man 2011–12 Men's All-District VI (IA, MO, KS, OK, NE, ND, SD) Team. White was a first team selection to the National Association of Basketball Coaches Division I All‐District 8 team on March 14. White was named an honorable mention Associated Press All-American.
White was the only player in the nation to lead his team in the five major statistical categories: points (13.4), rebounding (9.3), assists (5.0), steals (1.1) and blocks (0.9). He was the first cyclone since Fred Hoiberg (1993–94) and second ever to lead the team in points, rebounds and assists. His final Big 12 rankings were 2nd in both rebounding and field goal percentage (53.4%) as well as 5th in assists. He ranked 34th, 36th and 57th nationally in those same statistics. His 316 rebounds and 170 assists ranked 7th and 10th all time in school history for single-season totals. His single-season rebound total was the most by a Cyclone since 1978 (Dean Uthoff, 378).
On March 21, 2012, White chose to forgo his junior and senior years at ISU to enter the 2012 NBA Draft. On that date he stated his intent to hire an agent.
College statistics
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|2011–12
|style="text-align:left;"|Cyclones
|34||33||31.5||.534||.333||.498||9.3||5.0||1.2||0.9||13.4
|}
Professional career
2012–13
At the 2012 NBA Draft Combine, White measured at 6'8" and had the widest hands——of any player participating. According to Iowa State head coach Fred Hoiberg, "He's such a unique player and plays such a different style that it's difficult to compare him to anybody". When asked who in the NBA he would compare White to, Kentucky Wildcats coach John Calipari had this to say about White: "Here's a kid that would rather pass and get 15 assists than score a basket. It's amazing. And he plays tough, and he's got huge hands. So you'd better grab the ball with two because he'll grab it with one." He was able to bench-press 185 pounds 30 times in pre-combine workouts. That would have been a NBA combine record had he bench pressed. White was drafted by the Houston Rockets on June 28, 2012 with the 16th selection. He was represented by Andrew Vye and Andy Miller of the ASM Sports as his agents.
White missed the opening of NBA camp on Monday October 1, due to a desire to have a contractual plan put in place with the Rockets and the NBA that addressed the league wide mental health policy or lack thereof. After sessions with his own long-time doctor, White requested permission to travel by bus when necessary in order to limit his flight schedule. The Rockets and White came to an agreement regarding travel, including allowing White travel by personal bus rather than flying (which has been an anxiety trigger in the past for White). White missed the first week of training camp before this agreement was put in place.
A few games into the season, White had a dispute with the team regarding the inconsistency of the way mental health was being dealt with. He cited the danger of team executives being able to make decisions regarding mental health and health with no mental health training. This led to his absence from the team. These events coincided with the Rockets' plan to assign White to their Rio Grande Valley Vipers NBA Development League affiliate along with two other young players. The team agreed to meet with White on Monday November 19 to resolve his issues. By the end of the week, the situation remained unresolved. Two weeks after the situation began, the Rockets were optimistic. On December 20, White was confirmed to begin practice sessions with a member of the Houston Rockets' staff within a week. As of December 26, he had not shown up to work with the Rockets according to Rockets head coach Kevin McHale. On December 29, Houston assigned White to its D-League affiliate Rio Grande Valley Vipers. On December 29, David Aldridge of TNT reported via Twitter White had practiced with the team and that the assignment was part of a multi-week plan to reintegrate White into the organization. On December 30, White again refused assignment to the Vipers. As explanation, White issued a statement. Aldridge summarized White's objections: the playing environment is unsafe; White requested involvement of mental health professionals; and White claimed that the Rockets' efforts are misleading.
In a January 2013 interview, White stated "chances are very high" he would never play an NBA game, blaming what he believed to be a league-wide "lack of protocol" on mental health issues. This claim has since been confirmed by numerous NBA insiders. He further stated he did not hold blame against the Rockets' organization and that he still wanted to play for Houston. On January 6, 2013, the Rockets suspended White without pay for failing to perform his contract.
On January 26, 2013, the Rockets and White mutually agreed that he would report to the Rio Grande Valley Vipers on February 11, 2013. On February 8, White passed his physical. On February 12, after four months of contractual dispute, White made his professional debut with the Vipers in a 139–122 win against the Maine Red Claws, playing 18 minutes and leading the team with 8 rebounds from off the bench. White also scored 7 points and totaled 4 assists.
Following the reconciliation, a USA Today story detailed White's situation. Although White endured 20 flights for travel during his season at Iowa State, the Rockets' NBA schedule called for 98 flights. White had attempted to cope with travel in college through use of Benadryl and Xanax, but found both reduced his energy level, although it never showed in his statistical output. White cited that his concern for the increased number of flights and long term use of these types of medication could lead to dependence and addiction (which is common concern and a point of consensus concern regarding benzodiazepines in the medical community. White likened mental health conditions to a day-to-day physical injury in which symptoms can be dynamic and unclear, but support and policy should be adequately proactive).
On March 21, White announced via Twitter that following professional medical advice of team doctors along with his doctors, he would no longer be playing for the Vipers. White claimed "there were things that needed to be addressed and now is a good time." After missing three road games to Indiana and Pennsylvania, White returned to the Vipers for their final six games, which were all home games, but he did not anticipate participating in the "hectic" playoff schedule.
When the Vipers began the playoffs on the road against the Maine Red Claws on April 11, White did not travel with the team. The Vipers went on to sweep all three playoff series, but White did not play with the team. Over the course of the season, White traveled using a bus provided by the Rockets for 15 road games.
2013–14
On July 3, 2013, the Rockets omitted White's name from its Orlando Summer League roster, which was conspicuous according to Houston Chronicle writer Jonathan Feigen. Two days later, several news outlets confirmed that White and the rights to Furkan Aldemir had been traded to the Philadelphia 76ers for future considerations, which helped Houston clear $1.7 million of salary cap space to help sign Dwight Howard. As White waited for the trade to be approved, he played in a YMCA league. On July 13, the 76ers announced the deal officially. White participated in voluntary offseason workouts with the team and was expected to participate in training camp when it began on September 28. On September 27, at media day, White stated that he planned to travel with the team when necessary (even on its pre-season trip to Spain). However, White did not make the October 4 trip with the team to Spain. The press reported that 14 players traveled with the team and 5 did not. CBS Sports journalist Matt Moore gave three possible reasons for White's absence: 1.) goodwill effort by the team, 2.) a sign the team plans to waive him, 3.) a conditioning issue. Philadelphia Daily News reporter Bob Cooney tweeted, "White, who suffers from anxiety disorder, planned to make the flight but team 'gave him a pass,' source told me." According to 76ers coach Brett Brown, "It really was just based on our team doctor giving me and [general manager] Sam [Hinkie] and the club advice that it may be best for him to remain at home." The box score from the first game of the road trip indicates that 15 players traveled with the team and 5 did not. On October 25, 2013, White was waived by the 76ers as they cut their roster from 20 to 16 before the October 28 deadline to reach a 15-man roster. The move was described as surprising to various NBA analysts such as NJ.com's Eliot Shorr-Parks and Bleacher Report Joe Flynn. On October 24, USA Today had run an article suggesting that White was fairly certain to make the team. By mid-December, White was living in Chadds Ford Township, Pennsylvania with his wife and children aged 2.5 years and 6 months and had switched agents from Andrew Vye of ASM Sports to George Bass of AAI Sports.
On March 6, 2014, White signed a 10-day contract with the Sacramento Kings, but was immediately assigned to the Reno Bighorns of the NBA D-League. He made his debut for the Bighorns the next day in a 112-86 win over the Idaho Stampede. In 26 minutes of playing time, he recorded 5 points, 4 rebounds, 2 assists and 2 steals. On March 14, 2014, he was recalled by the Kings. On March 18, he signed a second 10-day contract with the Kings. On March 21, White made his NBA debut by playing 56 seconds for the Sacramento Kings. He accumulated no statistics in the Kings' 99–79 loss to the San Antonio Spurs. After White's second 10-day contract expired, the Kings decided to part ways with him.
2015
In March 2015, White said he continued to aspire to play professional basketball. He became a 2015 NBA Summer League target for several teams, and later joined the Los Angeles Clippers to play in the Orlando Summer League.
2016–17
On December 8, 2016, White signed with the London Lightning of the NBL Canada. During the season, he set a league record for triple-doubles with 4 (plus one in the playoffs). On May 11, 2017, he was named the 2017 NBL Canada regular season league MVP. On June 5, White posted 34 points, 15 rebounds and 9 assists to lead the Lightning to their 3rd NBL Canada Championship since the league was formed in 2011.
2017–18
On July 28, 2017, White re-signed with the London Lightning for the 2017–18 season. He led the league in scoring with 25.4 points per game. On April 27, 2018, White received an 11-game suspension during the 2018 playoffs for a verbal outburst with an official and the deputy commissioner of the league, effectively ending his season. White was named to the First Team All-NBLC. After the end of the season, the London Lightning announced that White would not be returning to the team.
2018
On July 12, 2018, White signed a deal with Auxilium Torino of the Italian LBA and the EuroCup Basketball. However, he did not report for training camp and his contract was officially voided on August 23, 2018.
2019
In early 2019, White released a book, "MMA x NBA, A Critique of Modern Sport in America", and announced that he is transitioning into mixed martial arts.. As of February 2020, White had not yet participated in an MMA event.
Career statistics
NBA
Regular season
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|
| style="text-align:left;"| Sacramento
| 3 || 0 || 3 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|-
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"| Career
| 3 || 0 || 3.0 || .000 || .000 || .000 || .0 || .0 || .0 || .0 || .0
NBA D-League
Regular season
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2012–13
| style="text-align:left;"| Rio Grande Valley
| 16 || 8 || 25.6 || .444 || .100 || .659 || 5.7 || 3.3 || .9 || .8 || 11.4
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2013–14
| style="text-align:left;"| Reno
| 4 || 4 || 24.8 || .367 || .333 || .625 || 4.3 || 2.8 || 1.5 || .2 || 8.8
|-
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"| Career
| 20 || 12 || 25.4 || .431 || .211 || .653 || 5.4 || 3.2 || 1.0 || .6 || 10.9
References
External links
White stats at ESPN
Iowa State Cyclones bio
Category:1991 births
Category:Living people
Category:American expatriate basketball people in Canada
Category:American expatriate basketball people in Italy
Category:American men's basketball players
Category:Auxilium Pallacanestro Torino players
Category:Basketball players from Minnesota
Category:Big3 players
Category:Houston Rockets draft picks
Category:Iowa State Cyclones men's basketball players
Category:Lega Basket Serie A players
Category:London Lightning players
Category:Minnesota Golden Gophers men's basketball players
Category:Power forwards (basketball)
Category:Reno Bighorns players
Category:Rio Grande Valley Vipers players
Category:Sacramento Kings players
Category:Sportspeople from Minneapolis | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Don Fletcher
Donald or Don Fletcher may refer to:
Donald Fletcher, 19th century real estate businessman
Don Fletcher (ice hockey) (born 1931), Canadian ice hockey player
Don Fletcher, character in All Over Town
Don Fletcher (footballer) (born 1958), Australian rules footballer for Hawthorn | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Rooker v. Fidelity Trust Co.
Rooker v. Fidelity Trust Co., 263 U.S. 413 (1923), was a case in which the United States Supreme Court enunciated a rule of civil procedure that would eventually become known as the Rooker-Feldman doctrine (also named for the later case of District of Columbia Court of Appeals v. Feldman, . The doctrine holds that lower United States federal courts may not sit in direct review of state court decisions.
Background
The case originated in Indiana, where a judgment had been entered against the plaintiff, Rooker by an Indiana state court. The judgment was affirmed by the Indiana Supreme Court, and the plaintiff was denied review by the United States Supreme Court.
The plaintiff then filed a claim in the United States district court in Indiana, seeking to overturn the judgment of the Indiana Supreme Court on constitutional grounds. The district court dismissed the claim for lack of jurisdiction, and the plaintiff again appealed to the United States Supreme Court.
Issue
The issue in this case was whether the United States district court had properly dismissed the claim for lack of jurisdiction.
Result
The United States Supreme Court, in an opinion by Justice Van Devanter, affirmed the dismissal of the claim by the United States district court. The Court noted that, for the district court to have heard the case would have been an exercise of appellate jurisdiction; but the U.S. Congress has only granted the district courts original jurisdiction to hear cases arising under the Constitution and laws of the United States, meaning that they can only hear claims that were initially brought in or removed to the district court.
The Court noted that the Indiana state court had jurisdiction over the parties and the claims, provided due process, and adjudicated the issues, and that its decisions had been affirmed by the Indiana Supreme Court. Even if all of the Indiana courts came to the wrong conclusions, the only avenue of appeal left to the plaintiff was to the United States Supreme Court - for Congress had authorized no other court to hear appeals of state court decisions.
Later developments
This case laid the groundwork for the current understanding that the decisions of state courts can not be challenged in federal courts (other than the Supreme Court) unless Congress has enacted legislation that specifically authorized such relief. An example of legislation that has been interpreted to this effect is 28 U.S.C. § 2254, which authorizes federal courts to grant writs of habeas corpus. Another example of an explicit legislative exception to this doctrine was the statute passed by Congress to permit federal courts to review the decisions of Florida courts in the Terri Schiavo case.
See also
List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 263
External links
Category:United States Supreme Court cases
Category:1923 in United States case law
Category:Rooker–Feldman doctrine case law
Category:United States Supreme Court cases of the Taft Court | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Ferdinand Max Bredt
Ferdinand Max Bredt (1860-1921) was a German Orientalist painter, noted for his studies of female figures.
Background
Also known as F. M. Bredt because of that signature on his work, he is regarded as one of Germany's leading Orientalist painters. Bredt was born in Leipzig, Germany in 1860, and originally trained as a book dealer. Tranisitioning to art, he studied first at the School of Art in Stuttgart, Germany, before continuing his studies in Munich, under Wilhelm Lindenschmit (the Younger). Bredt travelled extensively during his life, taking voyages to Greece, Italy, Turkey and Tunisia, producing an extensive body of work in oil and watercolor.
Bredt predominantly uses female subjects that he places in exotic locations, interiors, and courtyard. He was fascinated with Oriental architecture; he built his house and studio in Ruhpolding, Germany in an Arabian style.
The work of Ferdinand Max Bredt was exhibited in Paris, Berlin, Chicago and London. Today he is little-known, but he was widely recognized in his lifetime for his works. Two of his paintings were chosen to represent his native Germany at the World's Columbian Exposition of 1893.
See also
List of German painters
List of Orientalist artists
Orientalism
References
External links
Category:1868 births
Category:1921 deaths
Category:19th-century German painters
Category:German male painters
Category:20th-century German painters
Category:Orientalist painters | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Iurubanga
Iurubanga arixi is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae, and the only species in the genus Iurubanga. It was described by Martins and Galileo in 1996.
References
Category:Desmiphorini
Category:Beetles described in 1996
Category:Monotypic beetle genera | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Boris Blumin
Boris Blumin (January 11, 1908 [December 29, 1907 O. S.], Saint Petersburg – February 16, 1998, Trenton, New Jersey) was a Canadian-American chess master.
Born in Russia, he emigrated to Canada, where he played in several chess championships. He took 9th at Toronto 1927 (CAN-ch, Maurice Fox won); took 4th at Montreal 1929 (Fox won); tied for 3rd-4th at Toronto 1934 (John Belson won); took 3rd at Montreal 1935 (Fox won). Blumin was twice Champion of Canada winning at Toronto 1936 and Quebec 1937. He tied for 3rd-4th, behind Israel Albert Horowitz and Isaac Kashdan, at Boston 1938 (U.S. Open).
He was a five-time winner of the Montreal City Championship (1933–1939). In August 1939, he moved to New York City, where he took 11th at the U.S. Open (Reuben Fine won).
He won the Hamilton Chess Club Championship at New Jersey in 1986. He died in his home on Terrapin Lane. He was suffering from Alzheimers with his wife and son by his side.
References
External links
Category:1907 births
Category:1998 deaths
Category:Imperial Russian emigrants to Canada
Category:Russian Jews
Category:Russian chess players
Category:Canadian chess players
Category:American chess players
Category:Jewish chess players
Category:Jewish Canadian sportspeople
Category:Jewish American sportspeople
Category:Canadian people of Russian-Jewish descent
Category:American people of Russian-Jewish descent
Category:Imperial Russian emigrants to the United States
Category:20th-century chess players | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Claremont Teachers College
Claremont Teachers College was Western Australia’s first post-secondary teaching institution. It opened in 1902 and closed in 1981, when it became a College of Advanced Education and later a campus of Edith Cowan University. The building is on land between Goldsworthy, Princess and Bay Roads in the western Perth suburb of Claremont. It is a large two storey limestone building set in extensive grounds, with a distinctive square crenellated tower, and was entered in the Register of the National Estate in 1987.
Background
In 1847 the General Board of Education was established to oversee school development in the Swan River Colony. After becoming the Central Board of Education, it was superseded by the Education Department in 1893, which classified schools, graded teachers, defined teachers' positions, implemented a salary scale for teachers, abolished school fees, provided for co-educational schools, and made attendance compulsory for children between the ages of six and 14. At this time, the Education Department had "external study" for student teachers, where they taught in the classroom while studying for examinations set by the Department.
In 1902, the College was opened and students could gain qualifications through studying there. It was the only place one could do this until the 1950s when the Churchlands and Graylands colleges opened. The function of teacher education did not pass into the university sector until the 1980s.
The College's last Director was Thomas Ryan (1924-2002), who completed his teacher training at the College and graduated in 1947. He was appointed Vice-Principal of the College in 1972, a position he held until his appointment as Director of the College in 1980.
The campus served for 16 years as a campus of Edith Cowan University following that institution's formation in 1989. The campus was then acquired by the University of Western Australia and became home to the Confucius Institute, University of Western Australia Press and Taylors College.
Notable graduates
Kim Beazley senior, Labor politician
Harry Butler, naturalist
Nugget Coombs, economist and public servant
Rica Erickson, historian and author
Rolf Harris, artist/musician
May Lorna O'Brien, Aboriginal educator and author
Noel Robins, sailor
References
Category:Teachers colleges in Australia
Category:Education in Perth, Western Australia
Category:State Register of Heritage Places
Category:Claremont, Western Australia | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Viira, Lääne-Saare Parish
Viira was a village in Lääne-Saare Parish, Saare County in western Estonia.
During the administrative reform in 2017, the village was unified (along with several other villages) with Randvere village, which was thereafter renamed to Suur-Randvere.
References
Category:Villages in Saare County | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
2010 Arizona elections
The 2010 Arizona state elections were held on November 2, 2010, with primaries on August 24, 2010. These include gubernatorial and both sides of Congress. A special election was also on May 18 for Proposition 100.
Federal
United States Senate
John McCain announced his plans to run again for Senate on November 25, 2008, just 21 days after losing the 2008 presidential race. McCain faced a primary challenge from former representative J.D. Hayworth, and Jim Deakin. The Democratic candidates were Rodney B. Glassman, Rudy Garcia, and John Dougherty.
In the general election, the candidates were incumbent John McCain (R), Rodney Glassman (D), Jerry Joslyn (G), and David Nolan (L).
United States House
Elections were held for all Arizona's congressional districts, with elections in the 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 8th congressional districts being among the more heavily contended.
Republic John Shadegg, the incumbent in the 3rd district, announced that he would not seek re-election on January 14, 2010. On the Republican side, Ben Quayle, son of former vice-president Dan Quayle, announced his on February 12, 2010, despite never voting in a local election. Other notable Republicans in the race include former state representative Sam Crump, former state senators Pamela Gorman and Jim Waring, and former Paradise Valley Mayor Vernon Parker. The only Democrat in that race is Jon Hulburd.
Both the 5th and 8th districts' Democratic incumbents, Harry Mitchell and Gabrielle Giffords, respectively, are seeking reelection. Mitchell faces a Republican challenge from former Maricopa County Treasurer David Schweikert, Jeffrey W. Smith, Jim Ward while Gifford's biggest Republican challengers include former State Senator Jonathan Paton and construction manager Jesse Kelly.
State
Governor
On January 20, 2009, Janet Napolitano was confirmed as United States Secretary of Homeland Security by Barack Obama and resigned as governor the next day. Since Arizona does not have a lieutenant governor, Secretary of State Jan Brewer took over office. Brewer announced her intentions to run for full term in November of 2009. The other Republican candidates were state treasurer Dean Martin, Owen "Buz" Mills, former Arizona Board of Regents president John Munger, Matthew Jette, and Tom Gordon. At one point, Sheriff Joe Arpaio was considering a run for governor, but eventually declined. On June 2, 2010, John Munger dropped out of the race.
The only Democratic challenger was Attorney General Terry Goddard. The Libertarian Party had Ronald Cavanaugh, Bruce Olsen, Alvin Ray Yount, and Barry Hess facing off while Larry Gist was on the ballot for the Green Party.
Jan Brewer won the Republican primary with approximately 80% of the vote while Democrat Terry Goddard moved on with no opposition. Barry Hess won the Libertarian primary and Larry Gist won the Green primary. Incumbent Jan Brewer won the election with 54.3% of the vote.
Secretary of State
When Jan Brewer succeeded Janet Napolitano as governor, she appointed Republican Ken Bennett to replace her as Secretary of State. Bennett will seek a full term. The Democratic challengers are Sam Wercinski and Chris Deschene.
Deschene won the Democratic primary with 62% of the vote and faced Bennett in the general election.
Attorney General
The current attorney, Democratic Terry Goddard, is running for governor. The three Democrats running to fill the vacancy are Arizona's House minority leader David Lujan as well as Felecia Rotellini and Vince Rabago both former assistant attorney general. The Republican race is between superintendent of public instruction Tom Horne and former Maricopa County attorney Andrew Thomas.
Both primary elections were close. In the Democratic primary, Felecia Rotellini beat out David Lujan by only 3,000 votes, less than 1% of the total votes. On the Republican side, Tom Horne declared victory on August 28, with an 853-vote lead. However, his opponent, Andrew Thomas, did not concede the race until August 31.
Results
Judicial positions
Multiple judicial positions will be up for election in 2010.
Arizona judicial elections, 2010 at Judgepedia
Ballot measures
On May 18, 2010, a special election was held for Proposition 100. It was passed by an almost two-thirds margin. It will temporarily raise the Arizona state sales tax from 5.6% to 6.6%, with two-thirds of the revenue generated going to support education. After three years, the tax will automatically be repealed.
On the November 2, 2010 ballot, ten measures have been certified:
Proposition 106 Prohibit rules against participation in specific health care
Proposition 107 Ban preferential acceptance to employment (affirmative action)
Proposition 109 Give a constitutional protection to the right to hunt in Arizona
Proposition 110 Authorizes exchange of state trust lands in order to protect military installations
Proposition 111 Rename the position of Secretary of State to Lieutenant Governor
Proposition 112 Change initiative petition drive deadline by two months earlier than current deadline
Proposition 113 Extend the right of Arizonans to use a secret ballot in union elections
Proposition 203 Legalization of medical marijuana
Proposition 301 Transfer money from a land-conservation fund to the general fund in the state budget
Proposition 302 Repeal First Things First education program
Arizona 2010 ballot measures at Ballotpedia
References
External links
Elections from the Arizona Secretary of State
Candidates for Arizona State Offices at Project Vote Smart
Arizona Candidate List at Imagine Election - Search for candidates by address or zip code
Arizona Polls at Pollster.com
Arizona at Rasmussen Reports
Arizona Congressional Races in 2010 campaign finance data from OpenSecrets.org
Arizona 2010 campaign finance data from Follow the Money
Arizona judicial elections, 2010 at Judgepedia
Arizona 2010 ballot measures at Ballotpedia | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Marakkar
Marakkar, or Marikkar, or Maricar (Tamil: Maraikka(ya)r) is a South Asian Muslim community found in parts of Indian states of Tamil Nadu (the Palk Strait) and Kerala, and in Sri Lanka. The Marakkars speak Tamil in Tamil Nadu and Sri Lanka, and Malayalam in Kerala.
Marakkars also have migrated to countries like 'Malaysia' and 'Singapore' during the late 20th enturary and Early 21th centuary
History
Marakayars were the parathavar community exists in south tamilnadu where they are converted to Muslim religion.The Marakkars were a powerful maritime spice trading community in the medieval South Asia. They traded in and with locations such as Myanmar and Malaysia in East Asia and South Asia, Maldives, and Sri Lanka. With the emergence of the Portuguese in India, some Marakkars were forced to take up arms and enlist themselves in service of the Hindu king (Samoothiri) of Calicut. The Marakkar naval chiefs of the Calicut were known as Kunjali Marakkars. The seamen were famous for their naval guerrilla warfare and hand-to-hand fighting on board. The Marakkar vessels — small, lightly armed, and highly mobile — were a major threat to the Portuguese shipping all along the Indian west coast.
The Marakkars were an endogamous community, and followed the system of inheritance known as marumakkathayam.
See also
Kunjali Marakkar
References
Further reading
Medieval Seafarers of India – Lakshmi Subramaniam
The Career and Legend of Vasco da Gama – Sanjay Subrahmanyam
The Portuguese Empire in Asia, 1500–1700: A Political and Economic History – Sanjay Subrahmanyam
Portuguese Cochin and the Maritime Trade of India – Pius Malekandathil
India and the Indian Ocean World – Ashin Das Gupta
Kerala Muslim History – P. A. Syed Mohammed
Category:Moors
Category:Muslim communities of India
Category:Social groups of Tamil Nadu
Category:Sri Lankan Moors
Category:Social groups of Kerala
Category:Muslim communities of Kerala | {
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Rincon bleachers
The Rincon Big Four is a famous skate spot in Escondido, California, USA that has shown up numerous times in skateboard media outlets, such as videos and magazines. It is located at Rincon Middle School, which has been a popular landmark for skateboarding for over a decade. In 1997, Jamie Thomas found a newly built bleacher set for shaded basketball.
Description
Rincon consists of a shaded bleacher set, with smooth concrete for skating. There are four sets of bleachers (four levels from top to bottom), as well as a tall rail has been used as a skateboarding obstacle.
Difficulty
Rincon is considered a difficult spot to skateboard; containing both elements of height and length. Being a bleacher set, each tier is the size of three average-sized steps (there are two steps connecting each level), making it as tall as an average flight of twelve stairs. If a skateboarder chooses to do something over the railing, the height, and therefore the impact on the skater, is even greater. Renowned skateboarder Chris Cole describes it as "the most scared I've ever been skating...No matter what, you're going all the way down".
Skateboarding on the rail is considered difficult for a few reasons:
Getting on to the rail, because you must go over the first tier, and up onto the rail to perform a maneuver on it.
Sliding/grinding across the rail is difficult because the rail is very steep and short; much different from what skateboarders normally skate.
The impact of landing after a trick on the rail is high, because from the end of the rail to the ground, it is about a six-foot drop.
References
Category:Skateboarding spots
Category:Escondido, California | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Ravnen
Ravnen (The Raven) was a Danish political magazine published by the Danish labour movement from 2 April 1876 to 7 January 1877 and again from 6 October 1878 until 15 July 1921. The first editor was Harald Brix.
See also
List of magazines in Denmark
References
Category:1876 establishments in Denmark
Category:1921 disestablishments in Denmark
Category:Danish magazines
Category:Danish-language magazines
Category:Defunct magazines of Denmark
Category:Defunct political magazines
Category:Magazines established in 1876
Category:Magazines disestablished in 1921
Category:Socialist magazines | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Shangan
Shangan may refer to:
Shengan, a village in Lorestan Province, Iran
Shang'an, a township in China | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
List of Tamil literature works about Ganesha
This is a list of some Tamil literature which is dedicated to the Hindu god Ganesha. The list is grouped historically.
Vinayagar Agaval - by Avvaiyaar
Tirunaraiyur Vinayaka Tiru irattai manimalai by Nambiyandar Nambi (c. 10th century AD)
Aludaya Pillaiyar Tiruvantadi by Nambiyandar Nambi (c. 10th century AD)
Aludaya Pillaiyar Tiruchabai viruttam by Nambiyandar Nambi (c. 10th century AD)
Aludaya Pillaiyar Mummanikovai by Nambiyandar Nambi (c. 10th century AD)
Aludaya Pillaiyar Tiruvulamalai by Nambiyandar Nambi (c. 10th century AD)
Aludaya Pillaiyar Tirukkalambakam by Nambiyandar Nambi (c. 10th century AD)
Aludaya Pillaiyar Tiruttogai by Nambiyandar Nambi (c. 10th century AD)
References
Category:Hymns
Category:Ganesha
Category:Tamil-language literature | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
2014–15 American Eagles men's basketball team
The 2014–15 American Eagles men's basketball team represented American University during the 2014–15 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Eagles, led by second year head coach Mike Brennan, played their home games at Bender Arena and were members of the Patriot League. They finished the season 17–16, 8–10 in Patriot League play to finish in a three way tie for sixth place. They advanced to the championship game of the Patriot League Tournament where they lost to Lafayette.
Roster
Schedule
|-
!colspan=9 style="background:#0000FF; color:#CC0000;"| Non-conference regular season
|-
!colspan=9 style="background:#0000FF; color:#CC0000;"| Conference regular season
|-
!colspan=9 style="background:#0000FF; color:#CC0000;"| Patriot League Tournament
See also
2014–15 American Eagles women's basketball team
References
Category:American Eagles men's basketball seasons
American
American Eagles men's basketball
American Eagles men's basketball | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Nandivarman III
Nandivarman III was an Indian monarch of the Nandivarman II line who ruled the Pallava kingdom from 846 to 869. He was the son of Dantivarman and grandson of Nandivarman II.
Reign
Nandivarman III was a powerful monarch who tried to reverse the decline that began in the reign of his father. He made an alliance with the Rashtrakutas and the Gangas and defeated the Pandyas at the Battle of Tellaru. He then pursued the retreating Pandyan army as far as the river Vaigai. The Pandyan king Srimara Srivallabha, however, recovered most of his territories and even defeated the Pallavas at Kumbakonam.
Nandivarman had a powerful navy and maintained trade contacts with Siam and Malaya.
References
Category:Pallava kings | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Tonkino
Tonkino () is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.
Urban localities
Tonkino, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, a work settlement in Tonkinsky District of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast
Rural localities
Tonkino, Kirov Oblast, a railway station in Belorechensky Rural Okrug of Omutninsky District of Kirov Oblast | {
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Westwood Online
Westwood Online may refer to:
Westwood College, a for-profit institution of higher learning in the United States owned by Alta Colleges Inc
Westwood Studios, a computer and video game developer based in Las Vegas, Nevada, United States | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Shu Jie Lam
Shu Jie Lam is a Malaysian-Chinese research chemist specialising in biomolecular engineering. She is researching star polymers designed to attack superbugs as antibiotics.
References
Category:Malaysian chemists
Category:Nanotechnology
Category:People from Batu Pahat
Category:University of Melbourne alumni
Category:Malaysian women chemists | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Edwin L. Crawford
Edwin L. Crawford (April 10, 1925 – September 27, 1993) was an American politician, most notable for having served as Broome County, New York's first county executive, and was "a leader in efforts to modernize county governments through the United States."
Biography
Crawford was born in Broome County and served in the 17th Airborne Division in Europe during World War II. After the war, he graduated from Cornell University and Cornell Law School and practiced law from 1950 to 1977.
He was appointed the first county executive of Broome County in 1968 and left office in 1976. After retiring from politics, he served as executive director of the New York State Association of Counties.
Crawford died of prostate cancer in 1993. The Edwin L. Crawford County Office Building in downtown Binghamton is named after him as is a memorial lecture at Albany Law School.
References
Category:1925 births
Category:1993 deaths
Category:Cornell Law School alumni
Category:County executives in New York (state)
Category:Deaths from prostate cancer
Category:New York (state) Republicans
Category:Politicians from Binghamton, New York
Category:United States Army soldiers
Category:20th-century American politicians
Category:Lawyers from Binghamton, New York | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Dangerous Curve Ahead
Dangerous Curve Ahead is a 1921 American silent comedy starring Helene Chadwick and Richard Dix. The film is considered to be lost.
Plot
As described in a film magazine, Phoebe Mabee (Chadwick) is a much sought after small town belle who quarrels with her fiance Harley Jones (Dix) after a flirtation with city youth Anson Newton (Flynn). After a period of weepy repentance the engagement is renewed and they are wed. After the children come, there is a hiatus in the domesticity of the couple. Jones is sent aboard by his job and she her children spend the summer at a watering place, where Phoebe meets her city charmer and the romance interrupted by her marriage is renewed. Phoebe develops social ambitions and these are helped along by Newton's aunt Mrs. Nixon (Lester), who is prominent in society and can help Phoebe get her social whirl. Jones the absent husband returns unexpectedly and finds one of the children ill and Phoebe about to keep an appointment to attend a function at Mrs. Nixon's house. Phoebe waivers between fear that failure to attend the function will end her budding social career and the love of her child. She attends the dinner, leaving her child in the care of a nurse, but during the course of the dinner is overcome with remorse, rushes home and arrives just in time to calm the little fellow, who was calling to her. A reconciliation with the husband follows, with motherly love and home responsibilities conquering over social aspirations.
Cast
Helene Chadwick as Phoebe Mabee
Richard Dix as Harley Jones
Maurice 'Lefty' Flynn as Anson Newton
James Neill as Mr. Mabee
Edythe Chapman as Mrs. Mabee
Kate Lester as Mrs. Nixon
Newton Hall as Phoebe's son
See also
List of lost silent films (1920–24)
List of lost films
References
External links
Category:1920s comedy films
Category:1921 films
Category:American films
Category:American black-and-white films
Category:American silent feature films
Category:Goldwyn Pictures films
Category:Lost American films
Category:Films directed by E. Mason Hopper
Category:American comedy films | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Maytenus disperma
Maytenus disperma, sometimes referred to as the orange boxwood, is a shrub or small tree growing in eastern Australia. Often seen in and near dry rainforests.
References
Floyd, A.G., Rainforest Trees of Mainland South-eastern Australia, Inkata Press 2008, page 102
Category:Flora of New South Wales
Category:Flora of Queensland
disperma
Category:Trees of Australia | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Castlerun Historic District
Castlerun Historic District is a national historic district located at Castlerun near Castlewood, Russell County, Virginia, United States. The district encompasses three contributing buildings that served the spiritual, educational, and social needs of this isolated far southwest Virginia community. They are the Castlerun School (c. 1895), the Castle Run Missionary Baptist Church (1924), and a frame privy (1926). The one-room school and church are frame, weatherboarded, rectangular buildings with a steep gable roofs. The school closed in 1951.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.
References
Category:School buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Virginia
Category:Churches on the National Register of Historic Places in Virginia
Category:Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Virginia
Category:Buildings and structures in Russell County, Virginia
Category:National Register of Historic Places in Russell County, Virginia | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Itwara Central Forest Reserve
Itwara Central Forest Reserve is a body of medium altitude moist semi-deciduous forest in the Kyenjojo District, western Uganda. It is 87 km² in size and is partly used as protection and production forest area by the NFA. 258 plant species have been identified within the forest of which trees compose 248. A group of 120 chimpanzees has been reported living there. species 7 species are endemic to this eco-region and 10 are threatened (Cr,En,Vu).
Bordering the forests are tea plantations and communities living from subsistence agriculture. Problems in the past have been poaching and encroachment in the northern part of the reserve.
References
Category:Forests of Uganda
Category:Protected areas of Uganda
Category:Forest reserves | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Mir-198 microRNA precursor family
In molecular biology mir-198 microRNA is a short RNA molecule. MicroRNAs function to regulate the expression levels of other genes by several mechanisms.
See also
MicroRNA
References
Further reading
External links
Category:MicroRNA
Category:MicroRNA precursor families | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Samaris (band)
Samaris is an electronic music group from Iceland which formed in January 2011 and consists of Áslaug Rún Magnúsdóttir (clarinet), Þórður Kári Steinþórsson (electronics) and Jófríður Ákadóttir (vocals).
History
After forming in January 2011, Samaris entered and won the 2011 Icelandic Músíktilraunir competition. Steinþórsson also won the Keyboard/Programmer prize. Following this, the group self-released their Hljóma Þú (2011) EP, which won the band an Icelandic Kraumur award. In August 2011, Samaris took part in a Stage Europe Network event in The Netherlands which brought together acts from Norway, The Netherlands, Poland, France, Germany and Iceland. In October 2011, Samaris performed at the Iceland Airwaves festival.
A further self-released EP, Stofnar falla, followed in 2012 before the group signed with One Little Indian Records. The band performed at the 2012 Iceland Airwaves festival.
Samaris's self-titled debut album was released in July 2013, which combined the tracks from their two previous EPs along with four remixes, to generally favourable reviews. The album combined their music with lyrics taken from 19th-century Icelandic poems.
The follow-up album Black Lights (2016), which had been recorded in Berlin the year prior, marks their switch to making music in English. It was headed up by the release of the lead-single "Wanted 2 Say" in April, 2016.
In 2017, lead singer Jófríõur Ákadóttir was featured on Low Roar's single, "Bones", from their upcoming album "Once In A Long, Long While".
Discography
Studio albums
Samaris (2013), (One Little Indian)
Silkidrangar (2014), (One Little Indian)
Silkidrangar Sessions (2015), (One Little Indian)
Black Lights (2016), (One Little Indian)
Extended plays
Hljóma Þú (2011), self-released
Stofnar falla (2012), self-released
Singles
"Góða tungl" (2013), One Little Indian
"Viltu vitrast" (2013), One Little Indian
"Ég vildi fegin verða" (2014), One Little Indian
"Brennur Stjarna" (2014), One Little Indian
"Wanted 2 Say" (2016), One Little Indian
References
Category:2011 establishments in Iceland
Category:Icelandic electronic music groups
Category:Musical groups established in 2011
Category:Icelandic musical trios | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Annette Edmondson
Annette Edmondson (born 12 December 1991) is an Australian cyclist who competes on the track with Cycling Australia's High Performance Unit (HPU) and on the road for the professional women's team .
Her greatest successes to date are her results at the 2014 Commonwealth Games where she claimed a silver in the individual pursuit and a gold in the scratch race, which is her first ever gold medal at an international level and her first time being Commonwealth Champion. In addition, she has competed at the National Track Championships with gold medal results at an elite level since 2012 in multiple disciplines. She also has competed at international events, representing in Australia at the UCI Track Cycling World Championships, where she has secured silver medals in the Omnium (2012), Team pursuit (2012 and 2013).
Edmondson has also competed in the London 2012 Olympics, securing a bronze medal for Australia in the women's Omnium and finished in fourth place in the Team pursuit.
Early life
Edmondson was born in Adelaide, but due to her parents' careers at Royal Dutch Shell, she spent the early part of her childhood living in Malaysia, Oman and the Netherlands. However, when she was six, the family returned to her father's native land of Australia.
She attended the Victor Harbor Primary School, south of Adelaide, South Australia, later moving to St John's Grammar School in the Adelaide Hills where she took up numerous pursuits, including soccer and athletics.
Career
When she was 13, the South Australian Sports Institute visited her school and she was identified as having the physical attributes to have a potential career in cycling. After a year in the Talent Search Program, her first major win came at the 2006 National Junior Track Championships where she won two bronze medals in the Under 17 500m Time Trial and Sprint. From that point, she began to specialise in sprint cycling and as a junior won sprint events at a National and Oceania level.
In 2010, she took part in her first elite level National Championships finishing with silvers in the Team sprint, Keirin and 500m TT as well as a bronze in the Individual sprint.
However, Annette began to lose interest in the sport and took a break from cycling. In spite of her doubt, she returned to training just four months later, but she wanted a change and therefore made the switch from sprint to endurance cycling. Eight months later, she had successfully made the switch by becoming the Australian Omnium and Scratch Race champion.
Her first World Championships came in 2012 at the UCI World Championships in Melbourne in which she achieved silver in both the Omnium and Team Pursuit. These results helped her secure a place in the 2012 Australian Olympic Team.
In London, she took part in two events of the Olympic Track Cycling Schedule. In the Team Pursuit, the Australian squad secured 4th place, missing out on the bronze medal. It was her effort and performance in the 6 events of the Omnium which resulted in her claiming the bronze medal.
After the Olympics, in 2013, she signed a professional road contract with Orica-AIS, in her first season with the team, she secured a major victory taking 1st overall in the Tour of Chongming Island. Her and teammates took 3rd in the 2013 World Road Race Championships TTT in Florence, Italy.
At the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow, Edmondson claimed a silver in the Individual Pursuit along with fellow athlete Amy Cure who took a bronze in the event. On the 3rd day of competition (26 July 2014), Edmondson took part in the 10 km Scratch Race, where she raced to victory taking her 1st Commonwealth Games Gold Medal and again fellow athlete Amy Cure also succeeded coming out with a silver medal from the event.
On 22 October 2014, announced that Edmondson had signed with the team for the 2015 season, where she remained until the team disbanded at the end of the 2018 season.
Personal life
Edmondson has also had an interest in charity work from a young age. Her first recognition of her work came in 2007 in which she became "Make Indigenous Poverty History Youth Ambassador for SA". Since then, she has made personal visits to deprived areas, such as parts of Indonesia to give up her time as volunteer. She is fluent in Indonesian.
Edmondson has two brothers, with Alex also being a member of the Australian track cycling team.
Palmarès
Track
2007
Oceania Junior Track Championships
1st Individual sprint
1st Team sprint (with Chloe Hosking)
1st Scratch race
3rd Keirin, Oceania Track Championships
2008
National Junior Track Championships
1st 500m Time Trial
1st Individual sprint
1st Keirin
2nd Sprint, World Junior Track Championships
3rd Team Sprint, National Track Championships
2009
National Junior Track Championships
1st Individual sprint
1st Scratch race
1st 500m Time Trial
2nd Keirin
3rd Keirin, World Junior Track Championships
2010
National Track Championships
2nd Team sprint
2nd Keirin
2nd 500m Time Trial
3rd Individual sprint
2011
National Track Championships
1st Omnium
1st Scratch race
3rd Team Pursuit
2012
National Track Championships
1st Individual pursuit
1st Points race
2nd Scratch race
UCI World Track Championships
2nd Team Pursuit
2nd Omnium
3rd Omnium, Olympic Games
2013
Oceania Track Championships
1st Points race
1st Omnium
2nd Team Pursuit
National Track Championships
1st Omnium
1st Individual pursuit
1st Points race
1st Scratch race
1st 6 Giorni delle Rose Omnium
1st Invercargill Scratch race
UCI World Track Championships
2nd Team pursuit
3rd Individual pursuit
3rd Omnium
2014
Oceania Track Championships
1st Individual Pursuit
1st Omnium
Commonwealth Games
1st Scratch race
2nd Individual pursuit
National Track Championships
1st Scratch race
1st Points race
1st Omnium
1st Madison )(with Jessica Mundy)
2nd Individual pursuit
3rd Team pursuit
UCI World Track Championships
3rd Team pursuit
3rd Omnium
2015
UCI World Track Championships
1st Team pursuit
1st Omnium
1st Omnium, Oceania Track Championships
1st Omnium, South Australian Grand Prix
1st Omnium, Super Drome Cup
1st Madison, Austral (with Julie Leth)
National Track Championships
1st Madison (with Jessica Mundy)
2nd Individual Pursuit
2nd Team pursuit
2016
Oceania Track Championships
1st Team pursuit (with Ashlee Ankudinoff, Amy Cure and Alexandra Manly)
1st Madison (with Amy Cure)
National Track Championships
1st Scratch race
1st Points race
2018
Commonwealth Games
1st Team Pursuit (with Ashlee Ankudinoff, Amy Cure and Alexandra Manly)
3rd Individual Pursuit
National Track Championships
1st Team Pursuit (with Breanna Hargrave, Alexandra Manly, and Maeve Plouffe)
2nd Madison (with Alexandra Manly)
2019
UCI World Track Championships
1st Team pursuit
Road
2011
8th Oceania Road Race Championships
2012
2nd National U23 Criterium Championships
3rd National Criterium Championships
8th Road Race Oceania Championships
2013
1st Overall Tour of Chongming Island
1st Stage 3
1st Stage 4 Lotto-Belisol Belgium Tour
3rd UCI World Road Race Championships TTT
9th Dwars door de Westhoek
2014
1st Points Classification Adelaide Tour
2nd UCI World Road Race Championships TTT
2015
4th RideLondon Grand Prix
2016
1st Stage 2 Santos Women's Tour
2017
1st Pajot Hills Classic
2018
1st Stage 1 Santos Women's Tour
1st Towards Zero Race Melbourne
References
External links
Category:1991 births
Category:Living people
Category:Australian female cyclists
Category:Australian track cyclists
Category:Cyclists at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Category:Cyclists at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Category:Olympic cyclists of Australia
Category:Olympic bronze medalists for Australia
Category:Olympic medalists in cycling
Category:Medalists at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Category:Sportspeople from Adelaide
Category:Cyclists at the 2014 Commonwealth Games
Category:Cyclists from South Australia
Category:Commonwealth Games bronze medallists for Australia
Category:Commonwealth Games gold medallists for Australia
Category:Commonwealth Games silver medallists for Australia
Category:Commonwealth Games medallists in cycling
Category:Cyclists at the 2018 Commonwealth Games
Category:UCI Track Cycling World Champions (women) | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Ort Itzhak Rabin
Ort Itzhak Rabin (formerly referred to as Ort Gan Yavne, and also known as Kiryat Hinuch Rabin) is a pluralistic high school and junior high school in Gan Yavne, Israel.
It was founded in 1995 as the first high school in the town of Gan Yavne, after years students from the town studied in the relatively close town of Gedera. It was named after the late Prime Minister of Israel, Yitzhak Rabin.
The students are mostly from Gan Yavne, but some come from the nearby moshav Bitzaron. The school has high rates of Bagrut graduates and fairly high Israel Defense Forces recruitments stat.
It has the following division into classes: Computer Programming (including Cyber security), Biology (with the opportunity of expanding it with one of the following: Jewish thought, Arts, Geography, Theater & Journalism), Biotechnology and Humanities (Psychology). The school offers Arabic which is studied as a foreign language alongside English (the school is one of the few who teaches 7 units level Bagrut in English).
The school's football field was more than doubled in size in construction works that started in November 2005 and were finished in October 2006. The nearby open field north to the basketball & volleyball arena was turned into a 2nd parking lot and was added to the school's property during 2009. The school's Junior High building's classes are used as a voting booths during national and local elections.
As of 2010, the school has a robotics team who achieved worldwide prizes. The school's auditorium has also been used in Shabbat as the local small community of Reform Jews' Synagogue. The school's basketball arena was also used by the local basketball team Hapoel Gan Yavne that played in the Liga Bet minor league's southern division.
Since 2008, there is a second ORT Israel junior high school (and high school) in Gan Yavne. It is named "Ort Naomi Shemer", after the late Israeli poet Naomi Shemer.
Notable alumni
Matan Ohayon (class of 2005) - Israeli Premier League footballer
See also
World ORT
ORT Israel
References
External links
Ort Itzhak Rabin website
ORT Israel website
ORT Itzhak Rabin's Facebook page
Category:High schools in Israel
Category:Educational institutions established in 1995
Category:1998 establishments in Israel | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Batalha
Batalha (Portuguese for battle) may refer to:
Portugal
Batalha, Portugal, a municipality
Batalha Monastery (officially Mosteiro Santa Maria da Vitória), monastery in Batalha, Portugal
Batalha Square, a historical public square in the city of Porto
Brazil
Batalha, Alagoas, municipality in Alagoas, Brazil (15,000 inhabitants)
Batalha, Piauí, municipality in Piauí, Brazil
Batalha River, river in São Paulo | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Geopolitics of the Roman Empire
The Geopolitics of the Roman Empire deals with the "inalienable relationship between geography and politics of the Roman Empire". Once the Roman Empire had reached its natural borders, the location of potential threats to the empire and Roman troop locations played a major role in the elevation of Roman Emperors. Access to the troops, their location were crucial to the empire's internal politics, civil wars, and the eventual Fall of the Western Roman Empire.
Natural borders of the Roman Empire
The Empire established by Octavian stayed consistent in territory for most of its history, though grew to permanently add Britannia through the campaign of Claudius and Dacia through Trajan's campaigns. Octavian had previously wanted the empire to incorporate territory until the Elbe river but changed his plans after the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest. Trajan also conquered Mesopotamia in addition to Dacia but the territory was abandoned by the next emperor, Hadrian who felt the territory would be too difficult and expensive to maintain against the Parthian Empire.
The Empire's boundaries, therefore, were Hadrian's Wall (sometimes the Antonine wall), the Rhine and Main rivers in the Western Empire. The Danube River in the middle empire. The mountains of Armenia and deserts of Syria to the East and the Sahara Desert and Atlas Mountains in Africa.
However, after the Battle of Adrianople and Theodosius's subsequent peace deal with the Goths the Rhine and Danube frontiers became incredibly porous. As per the peace deal, the victorious Goths retained their rights to pledge allegiance to their own King and retain their weapons, becoming in effect a separate state within the borders of the Roman Empire. Finding it harder to penetrate into the Eastern Roman Empire past the Bosporus, the Goths turned west. The Vandals, Franks and Alans would soon join the Goths in settling in Western Roman lands, while retaining their tribal allegiances and heritage.
Fracturing of the Empire
The Empire fractured on many occasions, the first and most noteworthy being after the death of emperor Valerian, when the empire split into three parts; the Gallic Empire in the west, the Palmyrene Empire in the east and a rump middle empire lead by Valerian's son, Gallienus. Conflict between the empires was initially averted as they were too busy dealing with external threats and a plague to fight amongst each other. However, the fracturing of the empire forced a reorganisation which allowed each part to hold back whatever threat they faced. The Gallic Empire stopped Frankish invasions, the rump Roman empire defeated an Alemanni force invading Italia and Palmyra in the east under the stewardship of Odaenathus successfully fought off the Sassanid Empire. Modern historians credit this fracturing of the Empire as the reason that the Roman Empire endured under a period of intense duress postulating that the three empires did a much better job than one Empire headed by a single Emperor would have been able to do.
Indeed, the size of the empire and the inability for a single Emperor to be able to effectively address barbarian invasions as well as internal threats of usurpation is one of the reasons Diocletian created the Tetrachy and the empire eventually split into its Eastern and Western halves.
The empire would continue to fracture, during 407 AD, dissatisfied troops in Britannia hailed Constantine III as Emperor of the west. He then reached Gaul where he campaigned against a group of Vandals, Alans and Suebi who had crossed the Rhine.
Location of Roman capitals
During the Crisis of the Third Century, the presence of the Emperor was required near the front to both subdue any barbarian invasion and to deter any possible usurpation or dissatisfaction from the troops. While the court moved with the Emperor, during the height of the crisis the de facto capital moved to Mediolanum. The city rose as due to its proximity to the frontiers of both the Rhine and Danube rivers and as the base of an elite cavalry force (Comitatenses) founded by emperor Gallienus, which could quickly be mobilised to counter any such threat.
When Diocletian became emperor and formed the tetrachy, the four cities of Nicomedia, Mediolanum, Sirmium and Trier became capitals of the Roman Empire. Trier due to its proximity to the Rhine frontier and ability to oversee the legionaries of the area, Sirmium was chosen for the same reasons on the Danube frontier. Diocletian chose Nicomedia as his capital due to its more central location between Europe and Asia and it became the Empire's most senior city.
When Constantine I became sole Emperor he built a new capital at Constantinople because of its site with easy access to the Danube and Euphrates frontiers able to meet the European barbarian and Sassanid threat respectively as well as its more defensible location than Nicomedia, surrounded as it was with water on three sides.
After the battle of Adrianople, the Rhine and Danube frontiers became incredibly porous and an independent horde of Goths were loose within the borders of the empire. Alaric I's siege of Milan in 403 was enough to persuade emperor Honorius to move the capital to a less exposed location and so Ravenna became capital of the Western Empire as it was surrounded by swamps on all sides and harder to lay siege to.
Troop locations
The Romans were a highly martial civilisation, troops were used to defend the empire from external threats as well as by commanders to stake a claim at being Emperor.
External threats
Barbarian tribes living across the Rhine and Danube Rivers would often enter Roman territory for raids, attracted by the idea of plunder. This naturally led to the stationing of large numbers of troops on these frontiers to act both as defense and a deterrent. Similarly, the Parthian Empire to the east, later replaced by the Sassanids posed a large threat to Roman Syria and Egypt. Egypt was of particular importance to the empire due to its grain supply, so the Romans also left a large garrison in the east to counter this threat. The island of Britannia also had a large troop garrison to ensure the pacification of the many tribes inside and outside Roman territory.
Internal threats
After the Marian reforms, the structure and culture of the Roman army had changed incredibly with legionaries loyalties siding more with their generals than the government of Rome. This trend continued through successive emperors and reached its zenith during the crisis of the third century, when the support of legionaries was the crucial factor of a potential emperor's successful bid for power and longevity of reign.
With this in mind, the most powerful individuals in the Empire after the Emperor himself were usually those in command of areas with large troop garrisons, or access to these areas. Historically these areas were the Danube frontier, the Rhine, the far east of the empire and Britannia.
Notes: (1) Table excludes c. 4,000 officers (centurions and above). (2) Auxiliary cavalry nos. assumes 70% of cohortes were equitatae
Analysis
The table shows the importance of auxiliary troops in the 2nd century, when they outnumbered legionaries by 1.5 to 1.
The table shows that legions did not have a standard complement of auxiliary regiments and that there was no fixed ratio of auxiliary regiments to legions in each province. The ratio varied from six regiments per legion in Cappadocia to 40 per legion in Mauretania.
Overall, cavalry represented about 20% (including the small contingents of legionary cavalry) of the total army effectives. But there were variations: in Mauretania the cavalry proportion was 28%.
The figures show the massive deployments in Britannia and Dacia. Together, these two provinces account for 27% of the total auxilia corps.
List of commanders declared Emperor by their legions
Below is a list of Roman commanders who rose through the ranks of their respective legions to either rule the Empire, or form smaller breakaway empires.
List of commanders declared Emperor by the British legions
Britannia accounted for an eighth of the Roman Army at its height but the island was isolated from the continent, although there were significant troops on the island, the chances of a claimant emperor were small unless they could get the support of the Rhine legions too. Finally, neglected by the empire and unable to campaign and win plunder, dissatisfaction lead to troops in Britannia joining the barbarian plundering of the island they were meant to protect during the Great Conspiracy as well as a series of usurpers culminating in the declaration of Constantine III as Augustus in 407 AD.
Clodius Albinus 193 AD, 196 AD
Carausius 286 AD, ruler of Britain for seven years during the Carausian Revolt
Constantine I 306 AD, founder of the Constantinian dynasty
Marcus 407 AD
Gratian 407 AD
Constantine III 407 AD, removed the legionaries from Britannia to fight in Gaul.
List of commanders declared Emperor by the Rhine legions
The Rhine Legions were a formidable force, usually battle hardened and still close enough to Rome to exert influence.
Vitellius 69 AD
Valerian 253 AD
Postumus 260 AD, founder of the Gallic empire
Julian 355 AD
List of Commanders declared Emperor by the Eastern Legions
The Eastern Legions, although numerous found themselves far from Rome and therefore harder to exert influence on the politics of Rome
Vespasian 69 AD, founder of the Flavian dynasty
Pescennius Niger 193 AD
Macrianus Major 259 AD
Macrianus Minor 260 AD
Vaballathus 267 AD, Ruler of the Palmyrene Empire
Jovian 363 AD
List of Commanders declared Emperor by the Danube legions
The Danube Legions were the most powerful legionary force, they were the most numerous out of all the frontier forces, were usually battle hardened and could rely on their proximity to Rome to enable their candidate's succession.
Septimius Severus 193 AD, founder of the Severan dynasty
Maximinus Thrax 235 AD
Decius 249 AD
Trebonianus Gallus 251 AD
Aemilianus 253 AD
Ingenuus 260 AD
Regalianus 260 AD
Probus 276 AD
List of Commanders Who declared Emperor by the Comitatenses
The emperor Gallienus founded an elite cavalry force designed to quickly react to both internal (usurpations) and external (barbarian invasions) he based them in Milan and it was through them that the city gained stature and became de facto capital. Thus their status and location made them an incredibly powerful branch of the Roman military.
Aureolus 268 AD
Claudius Gothicus 268 AD
Aurelian 270 AD, restorer of a unified Roman empire after conquering the Gallic Empire and Palmyrene Empire
Diocletian 284 AD, founder of the tetrachy
Additional factors
Grain supplies
Throughout the Roman Empire the provinces of North Africa and Egypt were crucial to the Empire for their grain supply. Emperors would use a grain dole to win the support of the people of Rome and so control over these provinces were crucial. Octavian regarded Egypt with such importance that he made it a personal province to the Roman Emperor, stationed legionaries under his direct command and made it law that any senator or general wishing to enter the province would first need the permission of the Emperor himself. Tacitus informs us that in 68 AD the governor of Africa, Clodius Macer was executed by Galba for threatening to cut the grain supply to Italy. [Ref: THE ROMAN EMPIRE AND THE GRAIN FLEETS: CONTRACTING OUT PUBLIC SERVICES IN ANTIQUITY BY MICHAEL CHARLES AND NEAL RYAN Queensland University of Technology]
Queen Zenobia's conquest of Egypt in 270 AD was a key reason that Aurelian marched on the Palmyrene Empire in 272 AD.
When the Empire split, North Africa was crucial to the Western Empire and Egypt to the Eastern for the same reasons. A defection of the governor of Africa, Gildo to the Eastern Roman Empire lead to war and Gothic King Alaric I who sacked Rome in 410 died while leading a campaign into Africa to cut the then Western Empire's grain supply. Similarly in 408 AD a delay in the grain supply from Egypt to Constantinople lead to riots. And the Bishops of Alexandria, who held sway over the seaman's union of the port would use the leverage of grain supply to threaten Eastern Roman Emperors from time to time.[Ref: Paul Johnson A History of Christianity].
Mineral deposits
Hadrian had considered abandoning Trajan's conquest of Dacia, as he felt the salient was too difficult to defend but the presence of gold and silver mines in the region made its conquest lucrative. The depletion of the mines and its difficulty to defend was a major reason that emperor Aurelian abandoned the province in 275 AD, bringing the frontier back to the Danube river.
Britannia was also conquered in part due to its gold, silver and tin deposits but its island remoteness was a major reason for isolation during the Great Conspiracy and Carausian Revolt, its neglect and eventual withdrawal by Roman emperors.
References
Category:Ancient Roman geography
Category:Geopolitics
Category:Government of the Roman Empire
Category:History of the Roman Empire | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Szmanda
Szmanda is a surname. It may refer to:
Eric Szmanda (born 1975), American actor of Polish, German and English descent
Ray Szmanda (1926–2018), American radio and television announcer | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Mathletics (educational software)
Mathletics is an online, educational website launched in 2005.
The website places an emphasis upon Web 2.0 technologies to foster an interactive learning style which is designed to replicate the use of a personal tutor as to "address the balance between teacher-led instruction and independent, student-driven learning". Mathletics operates through a subscription-based system, offering access at an individual level as well as collectively as a school. Online users, acknowledged by the website as 'Mathletes', have access to math quizzes and challenges, and can participate in a real-time networked competition known as 'Live Mathletics'. Mathletics provides a customisable avatar for each individual user, which visually represents the player in the 'Live Mathletics' competitions. Alongside these learning interfaces, Mathletics grants individual users with the capacity to customise their avatar's clothing and general aesthetics are fuelled by credits awarded to the user through the completion of quizzes and tasks.
As of 2018, Mathletics caters to 4.1 million users worldwide and 17,000 schools.
History
Mathletics was established as a Personal Learning Environment (PLE) application in 2005 by 3P Learning, catering for Australian schools. The website is structured to facilitate an engagement with students from K-12 educational level, and offers various visual resources in their interactive and online Web 2.0 appropriation of the Australian Curriculum. Though initially based around this curriculum, Mathletics broadened its offices as well as its student and teacher audiences to various other countries residing in North America, Europe, Asia and the Middle East, adapting to those regions' various school curricula. The US and Canadian version of the website aligns with state-based educational standards including the Common Core and Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills (TEKS) from high school into kindergarten. The UK version of the website follows the various National Curricula within Britain, comprising Foundation Stage to Key Stage 5. Both the Middle Eastern and Asian versions of the website adopt and reflect International Curricula, and offer an entire translation of the English course.
Mathletics is one of numerous projects created by 3P Learning, and is a sister website to Spelladrome, Reading Eggs and IntoScience.
Content
Web 2.0 Interface
Mathletics draws from the Web 2.0 technologies to foster their website as an "interactive e-learning resource, for schools, parents and children". Mathletics accredits the interactive aesthetic and function of their website to Web 2.0 format, which is typically characterised by its fluid accessibility to user-content creation and editing without prior knowledge of HTML programming language. With this, Mathletics takes from the features of Web 2.0 and implements them into their interface to assure that the website content can remain dynamic and regularly updated, and provides users with the option to edit and personalise their online profiles within the site without programming skills, as well as facilitate online competitions with other profiles.
Primary Students
Mathletics functions via an emphasis upon the bilateral capabilities of Web 2.0, which concerns interface and user interactivity. Mathletics heavily anchors their teaching styles within the "Primary" section of their website through the lens of 'visual learning'; employing a vast array of colours combined with cartoon imagery to create a "captivating" website aesthetic in an effort to appease the juvenile temperament of students under twelve years old. The site offers animated tutorials and learning support that display animated adolescent characters offering mathematic tips and answers to questions. The website currently offers 1200 unique questions, that have been individually tailored to suit each user's mathematic comprehension. Students are encouraged to participate in Mathematic activities which host up to 20 questions related to a certain topic. Once a student answers a question, the website recognises its completion and then adapts to the "student's progress in understanding", leading to questions that may be more complex in difficulty. At the completion of each topic, students are offered the opportunity to take a 'Topic Test' which summates the hardest questions in the past activities.
A certificate award is presented to a student once they have earned 1000 points within a week. 10 points are awarded per correct activity answer in a regular activity. 20 points are awarded per correct answer in a 'Topic Test'.
The 'Primary Section' of the website is accessible via Tablet device, and is available for offline use if the user doesn't have sufficient Wi-Fi. All points garnered whilst on offline will be synchronised onto online servers once the individuals access the website online.
Secondary Students
Mathletics believes that "secondary school is a whole new world and a new school demands an older, more study-focused interface for new students". As a result, the "Secondary" section of the website available to students doesn't reflect the juvenile decor that saturates the "Primary" section of the website, replacing it with a "more study-based" interface. Further, this "Secondary" area of the website exclusively promotes the use of a student progress system through use of a 'Traffic Light System', which categorises a user's understanding of a mathematical topic into three, colour-based, identifiable sections:
Green = 85% to 100% correct marks.
Orange = 50% to 84% correct marks.
Red = 0% to 49% correct marks.
Alongside this colour-coded progress guide secondary students have access to "adaptive practice activities with animated support, plus interactive and video content" as well as a library of various printable eBooks. Secondary Students also are offered the option to personally customise the website's interface from a range of differing backgrounds, in an effort to suit their "learning needs". The collection of backgrounds encompass pictures of natural environments, sporting fields, pictures of live animals and vibrant pattens of colours.
Alike to the "Primary' section, accumulative points are awarded for the completion of questions in activities. Secondary Students also have access to 'Topic Tests' which summate the most difficult questions of the topic.
The "Secondary Students" section of the website is also reachable on a Tablet device, and can be accessed for offline use. The same process of offline synchronisation to the online profile is also applied in the 'Secondary Students" section of the website.
Early Learners
The 'Early Learners Numeracy' section of the site offers a series of multimedia resources that are designed to support students aged from four to seven. The section's mascot feature animated 'Numbeanies', drawn and designed to appeal to infants. These 'Numbeanies' present younger users with a series of flash cards that represent numbers as "collections, numerals and words".
The overall purpose of the Early Learners section is to be entertaining, and provide the basic foundations of mathematics through the guise of interactive games and videos.
Baby Mathletics
'Baby Mathletics' caters to users 6–24 months old, and is independent to the Mathletics website. 'Baby Mathletics' is an iOS based application is designed to "help build confidence for when they start learning Mathematics at school". The application is a video tour of a fictional story that includes animated animals and shapes, which "poses questions, stimulate reactions and spark new interests in learning". The purpose of the application is ultimately to foster a sense of confidence in regards to numerical learning in young toddlers.
Teachers
Users that identify as teachers have access to a 'Mathletics Teacher Console' which manages their classroom's collective progress, as well as providing insight into each individual student's progress also. The teacher console delineates live data analysis of each student's progress, represented via colour-coded visuals, in an attempt to provide teachers greater agency in assigning "targeted and personalised learning pathways" for the class. The teacher console provides teachers with tools and instruments to manage classes, create custom mathematical learning courses to suit different and various learning groups, and bestow students with multimedia sources that will assist them answer the questions assigned. Teachers have the option to select mandatory assignments and activities to be completed by their students. These assignments must be completed before a student participate in games of Live Mathletics or other activities.
The teacher console is multi-platformed and available on various media devices including Tablet and Mobile.
Avatar
Each individual subscriber of Mathletics must create an identifiable Avatar. The customisable Avatar template provided by Mathletics is a portrait-view shot of a head and face in the foreground, combined with an animated environment in the background. This online persona is known as the user's 'Mathlete'. The avatar does not have to represent a user's actual facial features, however the avatar's design will represent the user against others in competitions of 'Live Mathletics'. The Avatar can be updated/altered through the 'Face Maker' interface via purchasing upgrades with credits that have been earned from completing tasks and competitions of 'Live Mathletics'.
Mathletics operates via a credits-based incentive system, awarding students who have completed quizzes or competitions of 'Live Mathletics' with in-app online credits that replicate virtual currency, and can be used to purchase aesthetic upgrades to their 'Mathlete'. The Mathletics website will award an obligatory 10 credits to user for participation in a quiz or competition, as an added bonus to their base gained score.
Live Mathletics
The option to participate in real-time, live networked mathematic competitions known as 'Live Mathletics' are offered to users on the Mathletics Website. The primary objective to win is for users to complete as many addition, subtraction and multiplication problems as possible before the one-minute timer ends. Users must select which difficulty level they wish to compete in, which vary on a difficulty scale from 1-10 (1 being the easiest, 10 being the hardest) that dictates the complexity of the questions asked by the website. The user who answers the most correctly, wins. It is possible for a user to 'strike-out' and forfeit their position in the game if they incorrectly answer more than two problems. A total of 5 credits are awarded to users for winning a game of Live Mathletics, and a total of 10 credits are awarded to any user who beats their previous score on any difficulty level.
'Live Mathletics' incorporates a "Who's Online" panel which allows users to read a live feed of other students in their class that are currently online and engaged with 'Live Mathletics'. Each student listing is accompanied by a high score rating, and an option that directly requests and challenges said student to a game of 'Live Mathletics'. In addition, there is a panel that displays the students that are offline, whom can also be challenged to games of 'Live Mathletics'. Offline students who are challenged are replaced by a computer that emulates the offline individual's average game completion speed.
Students are also assigned an individual 'ability' ranking that operates on a scale from "Raging Rookie to Human Calculator". Mathletics determines this ranking based upon the student's overall high score.
Reception
The overall reception of Mathletics as an educational software has been generally positive. Technology-based reviewer TeachWire appraised Mathletics, calling it an "intuitive and engaging resource; one that's bound to improve the learners' skills, knowledge and ability in maths, especially in numerical skills and speed". EducationWorld named Mathletics a "tremendous resource" and an educational website that "injected(ed) a little competitions into lessons".
Critically, Macquarie University's leading mathematic education expert, Dr Michael Cavanagh described Mathletics to SMH as a "drill and practise" learning software. He believes that "this type of program needs to be complemented - and this is when the teacher comes in, to develop a deeper and broader understanding". He then substantiates his belief that Mathletics is only "one piece of the puzzle" in regards to mathematical informative learning with "If all students do is stuff on Mathletics then that's a pretty shallow approach".
Awards
Below are a list of awards Mathletics has received since its inception.
Spring 2019 Academics’ Choice Smart Media Award.
2019 CODiE Awards Best Matheatics Instructional Solution for Grades PreK-8 (Finalist).
2019 EdTech Awards, Games for Learning/Simulation Solution (Finalist) and Math Solution (Finalist).
2019 BESSIE Awards Best Math Resource Website.
EDDIE Award for Best Math Skills Website & Best Online Teacher Productivity Tool.
2018's Academics' Choice Smart Award in recognition of mind-building excellence.
2017's BESSIE Award for Best Math Website in the Early Elementary category.
2016's BESSIE Award for Best Math Website in the Upper Elementary category.
2015's Family Choice Award.
2015's BETT Award for Whole Course Curriculum and International Digital Resource.
2014's Academics' Choice Award.
2014's eLearning Solution Award for Math Solution of the Year.
2013's Academics' Choice Award.
2011's Learning Impact Award.
2009's BETT award for Best Primary Digital Resource
2019's H. Woodhams Award for Conscientiousness and Discernment within the Field of Mathematics (General)
External links
Mathletics
References
Category:Australian educational websites
Category:Educational math software
Category:Year of establishment missing | {
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Adil Candemir
Adil Candemir (1917– died 12 January 1989) was a Turkish sport wrestler. He was born in Amasya. He won a silver medal in freestyle wrestling, middleweight class, at the 1948 Summer Olympics in London.
References
External links
Category:1917 births
Category:1989 deaths
Category:People from Amasya
Category:Wrestlers at the 1948 Summer Olympics
Category:Turkish male sport wrestlers
Category:Olympic wrestlers of Turkey
Category:Olympic silver medalists for Turkey
Category:Olympic medalists in wrestling | {
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Deepa Bhaskar
Deepa Bhaskar is an Indian film and theatre actor, voice artist and classical dancer. Considered by many to be a child prodigy who was introduced to the film industry through Tiger Prabhakar's movie Mahendra Varma. She acted in movies like Deepavali, Srirastu Shubhamastu and Putti and as a lead actor in My Autograph and No 73, Shanthi Nivasa.
She acted in serials such as Male billu, Preeti illada mele, Chakravaka, Paarijatha, Anavarana, Paapa pandu, G.V.Iyer's Adrushtada horaata, Ninolumeindale, Madarangi, saakshi for Udaya TV and Subbalakshmi samsara for Zee Kannada Hindi serial Choti Maa.
She is currently working with theatre group Ananya's play titled Gathi. Gathi is a realistic play based on relevant social issues. Set in present-day urban society, this drama follows a man and his granddaughter. It explores changes in the mindset in the sixty years since independence and its eventual effect on day-to-day social life and family structures.
Directed by S.N.Sethuram and casts S.N.Sethuram and Deepa
Her first movie as a dubbing artist was Abhi for Ramya, She has dubbed over 250 movies, including Jogi, Mungaru Male, Duniya, Super, Saarathi, Gaja, Raam, Just Math Mathalli, Taj Mahal, Paramathma , Jaggu Dada , Raju Kannada Medium , Mungaru Male 2 , Ranna , Googly. She is sometimes credited as Deepu.
She learned Kathak under Sri Nirupama Rajendra and Sri T.D. Rajendra. She traveled with them to the USA and UK and performed with them at dance festivals all over India.
Awards
Aryabhata award for best child anchor (putani.com-a children talk show)
State award for the best child actor female - 'Putti'(2001)
State award for best dubbing artist female -'Ranga SSLC'(2004)
State award for best dubbing artist female - 'Arasu'(2006)
State award for best dubbing artist female - 'Just Math Mathalli'(2009)
References
Synchronising with stars
Category:Living people
Category:Year of birth missing (living people)
Category:Indian voice actresses
Category:Indian child actresses
Category:Indian film actresses | {
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Air Cargo News
Air Cargo News publishes industry newspapers and magazines and digital information for senior executives, managers and sales agents in the freight forwarding, airline, airport and cargo handling sector. It is based at Sutton in Surrey in the United Kingdom, and is part of the Hamburg-based DVV Media Group.
Air Cargo News
Air Cargo News is an industry newspaper published in print and digital formats every second Friday. There are regular contributions from respected industry journalists including Damian Brett, Peter Conway and Ian Putzger. Its circulation was 10,727 copies.
Freighters World
Freighters World is an A4-format magazine with analysis of the global logistics sector. Circulation is 5,000. The magazine is published quarterly:
March: Europe
June: North America
September: Middle East & Africa
December: Asia
Website
www.aircargonews.net is an online information source for freight forwarders, airlines, airports, cargo handlers, express operators and sales agents.
Events
Cargo Airline of the Year is an annual award ceremony established in 1983. More than 25 000 supply chain professionals around the world vote for the best in the air logistics business. The awards are the only event where the British International Freight Association audits and approves the votes cast. American Airlines Cargo was voted Air Cargo News Cargo Airline of the Year in April 2015.
Freighters and Belly Cargo Conference 2015, Abu Dhabi, 18–20 October 2015
Life Sciences and Pharmaceuticals Conference, London, 13–15 December 2015. The second year of this very successful event, with top speakers from the air cargo and pharma industries.
References
External links
Official website
Category:Aviation magazines
Category:British transport magazines
Category:Biweekly magazines
Category:Magazines established in 1983
Category:Media in Surrey | {
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Communauté de communes des Deux Vallées (Creuse)
The communauté de communes des Deux Vallées was created on 30 December 1998 and is located in the Creuse département of the Limousin region of central France. It was merged into the new Communauté de communes Portes de la Creuse en Marche in January 2014.
It comprised the following 5 communes:
Bonnat
Chambon-Sainte-Croix
Chéniers
Lourdoueix-Saint-Pierre
Malval
See also
Communes of the Creuse department
External links
Splaf – info and statistics
Aspic – info and statistics
Notes
This article is based on the equivalent article from the French Wikipedia, consulted on 14 September 2008.
Deux Vallees (Creuse) | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Sauchy-Lestrée
Sauchy-Lestrée is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of France.
Geography
Sauchy-Lestrée lies southeast of Arras, at the junction of the D21E and D15 roads.
Population
Places of interest
The church of St Ambert, rebuilt, as was much of the village, after World War I.
The Commonwealth War Graves Commission cemetery.
See also
Communes of the Pas-de-Calais department
References
INSEE commune file
External links
The CWGC cemetery
Sauchy-Lestrée on the Quid website
Sauchylestree | {
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Generative actor
A generative actor is an instigator of social change. He or she promotes cultural change by defying cultural normatives. Noted examples include Galileo and Rosa Parks.
See also
Structuration theory
Category:Sociological terminology | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Dixie (board wargame)
Dixie is a game by Simulations Publications Incorporated (SPI).
Gameplay
The game is about an alternate history where the Union lost the American Civil War, and is trying to reclaim the Confederate States of America in the 1930s.
Reception
Eric Goldberg reviewed Dixie in Ares Magazine #1, rating it a 2 out of 9. Goldberg commented that "one should not waste time or money on Dixie, but students of the history of wargames might be interested to know that the concept of Administrative Points was invented with this game."
References
Category:Simulations Publications games | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Apache JServ Protocol
The Apache JServ Protocol (AJP) is a binary protocol that can proxy inbound requests from a web server through to an application server that sits behind the web server. AJP is a highly trusted protocol and should never be exposed to untrusted clients, which could use it to gain access to sensitive information or execute code on the application server.
It also supports some monitoring in that the web server can ping the application server. Web implementors typically use AJP in a load-balanced deployment where one or more front-end web servers feed requests into one or more application servers. Sessions are redirected to the correct application server using a routing mechanism wherein each application server instance gets a name (called a route). In this scenario the web server functions as a reverse proxy for the application server. Lastly, AJP supports request attributes which, when populated with environment-specific settings in the reverse proxy, provides for secure communication between the reverse proxy and application server.
AJP runs in Apache HTTP Server 1.x using the mod_jk plugin and in Apache 2.x using the provided Proxy AJP, mod_proxy and proxy balancer modules together. Implementations exist for the not-yet-released lighttpd version 1.5, nginx, Grizzly 2.1, and the Internet Information Server.
Web containers supporting AJP include Apache Tomcat, JBoss AS/WildFly, and GlassFish.
History
Alexei Kosut originally developed the Apache JServ Protocol in July 1997 but the version 1.0 specification was published later on July 29, 1998. He also wrote the first implementations of it in the same month, with the releases of the Apache JServ servlet engine 0.9 and the Apache mod_jserv 0.9a (released on July 30, 1997).
The specification was updated to version 1.1 on September 9, 1998. Also in 1998, a revamped protocol was created and published in specification versions 2 and 2.1, however it was never adopted.
In 1999, Sun Microsystems donated their JavaServer Web Development Kit (JSWDK; codenamed Tomcat) reference implementation to Apache Software Foundation. This became Apache Tomcat version 3.0, the successor to JSWDK 2.1, and derailed further development of Apache JServ servlet engine and AJP towards support of Java servlet API version 2.1.
The current specification remains at version 1.3, however there is a published extension proposal as well as an archived experimental 1.4 proposal.
See also
Web Services for Remote Portlets
References
External links
The Apache Tomcat Connector - AJP Protocol Reference AJPv13
Apache JServ Protocol version 1.3 Dan Milstein, December 2000.
BonCode IIS implementation of AJP
JServ | {
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William W. Wemple
William Wallace Wemple (January 19, 1862 Duanesburg, Schenectady County, New York – February 11, 1933 Schenectady, New York) was an American lawyer and politician from New York.
Life
He was the son of James Vanderpool Wemple (1820–1900) and Margaret Ann (Kaley) Wemple (1835–1918). He attended the district schools, Union Classical Institute, and Union College. Then he taught school, and was Principal of the Scotia village school. Then he studied law, graduated from Albany Law School in 1886, was admitted to the bar the same year, and practiced. In 1894, he married M. Adelaide Quaife, and they had five children, among them Assemblyman William W. Wemple, Jr. (1898–1972).
Wemple was District Attorney of Schenectady County from 1896 to 1901; a member of the New York State Assembly (Schenectady Co.) in 1903, 1904, 1905 and 1906; and a member of the New York State Senate (31st D.) in 1907 and 1908.
Sources
Official New York from Cleveland to Hughes by Charles Elliott Fitch (Hurd Publishing Co., New York and Buffalo, 1911, Vol. IV; pg. 347, 349, 351f and 366)
The New York Red Book by Edgar L. Murlin (1903; pg. 187f)
Wemple genealogy
W.W. WEMPLE DEAD; EX-STATE SENATOR in NYT on February 12, 1933 (subscription required)
Category:1862 births
Category:1933 deaths
Category:New York state senators
Category:New York (state) Republicans
Category:Politicians from Schenectady, New York
Category:Members of the New York State Assembly
Category:Albany Law School alumni
Category:County district attorneys in New York (state)
Category:People from Duanesburg, New York | {
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Protolampra rufipectus
Protolampra rufipectus, the red-breasted dart moth, is a species of cutworm or dart moth in the family Noctuidae. It is found in North America.
The MONA or Hodges number for Protolampra rufipectus is 11004.
References
Further reading
Category:Noctuinae
Category:Articles created by Qbugbot
Category:Moths described in 1875 | {
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Please Don't Sympathise
"Please Don't Sympathise" is a song by Scottish singer Sheena Easton, recorded for her 1982 album, Madness, Money & Music. It was written by Steve Thompson and produced by Christopher Neil. In 1983, Canadian singer Celine Dion recorded the song in French, titled "Ne me plaignez pas". It was included on her album, Les chemins de ma maison and released as a single in 1984.
Celine Dion version
"Ne me plaignez pas" is a song recorded by Canadian singer Celine Dion for her 1983 album, Les chemins de ma maison. It is a French-language adaptation of "Please Don't Sympathise", originally recorded by Sheena Easton in 1982. French words were written by Eddy Marnay and the song was produced by René Angélil. Dion also recorded an extended version of "Ne me plaignez pas", which appeared on her 1983 compilation, Du soleil au cœur.
On 2 April 1984, "Ne me plaignez pas" was released as the second single from Les chemins de ma maison in Quebec, Canada. On 14 April 1984, it entered the chart in Quebec, spending eight weeks on it and peaking at number eleven.
Track listings and formats
Canadian 7" single
"Ne me plaignez pas" – 3:00
"Vivre et donner" – 2:28
Charts
References
Category:1982 songs
Category:1983 songs
Category:1984 singles
Category:Celine Dion songs
Category:French-language songs
Category:Sheena Easton songs
Category:Song recordings produced by Christopher Neil
Category:Song recordings produced by Eddy Marnay
Category:Songs written by Eddy Marnay | {
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Bug Landscape Park
Bug Landscape Park (Nadbużański Park Krajobrazowy) is a protected area (Landscape Park) in east-central Poland, and one of over a hundred Polish Landscape Parks. The Park lies within Masovian Voivodeship, on the Bug River. It includes part of three Polish, historical regions: Kurpie, Masovia and Podlasie.
The Park covers an area of 741.36 square kilometres plus 395,35 square kilometres of protection zone. Within the Bug Landscape Park, fourteen nature reserves have been established with a further three planned. Included within those reserves are seven forests, three bird reserves, and two flower reserves. The name of the Bug River is derived from an old Slavic word for “wetland”.
Climate and wildlife
Low-intensive human activity makes the park more natural and unique. The park includes a large variety of landscapes but the two most predominant are the forest complexes, composed mainly of pine, and Bug River valley. Flora of Bug Landscape Park counts about 1,300 species, among them there are 39 species of trees and 59 of shrubs. The park contains many protected plants, such as: silene dichotoma, saxifraga tridactylites, medicago minima, Turk's cap lily, twinflower and the variety of willow known as Salix starkeana
The valley of Bug River with its wetlands provides the habitat to many endangered birds including the black stork, the common sandpiper, the common snipe, the Eurasian curlew, the grey heron, the ruff. Migrating birds use the park for feeding and rest.
The park also has 37 mammal species including beavers, moose and otters, as well as reptiles including European pond turtles, and coronella austriaca known as the smooth snake. Moreover, 12 species of amphibians and 29 species of fish can be found there.
Tourist and biodiversity interest
Within the park, there are 251 monuments of nature primarily trees such as ashes, limes, oaks, pines. Other monuments include: a colony of ant-hills, a monadnock hill, a subterranean fungus site and a 3 km long avenue of oaks made up of 442 individual trees with diameters of up to 450 cm.
The populated areas of the park are composed mainly of villages and small cities with Sokołów Podlaski (pop. 18,000) being the largest. One of the unique characteristics of Bug Landscape Park is the continuing presence of Polish rural culture, notably traditional folk music and sculpture. Barns and hay stacks are a typical sight in the Bug River valley, along with historic wooden architecture, roadside crucifixes, old mills and small shrines scattered throughout the many towns and villages, where local fetes are celebrated, such as the Potato Day or Bread Festivals. The park also contains some palaces and stately houses as well as smaller manor houses such as those in Korczew, Starawieś and Sterdyń. There are some large churches in the area, e.g. in Kosów Lacki and Sokołów Podlaski. The area also includes monuments of Polish and regional history such as statues, museums, and tombs. One historically significant site is the Treblinka extermination camp, where the Nazis conducted an extermination program against Jews, Gypsies, and other groups considered deviant by the Nazi party.
The park contains a large number of hiking and cycling trails making it an attractive destination for angling and ecotourism. Canoeing and rafting are also popular.
See also
Bug River
Protected areas of Poland
References
External links
Official website
The Board of Masovian Landscape Parks
Bibliography
Bug
Category:Parks in Masovian Voivodeship
Category:Holocaust locations in Poland | {
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List of UEFA European Championship official match balls
The following balls were used in the UEFA European Championship over the years:
See also
List of FIFA World Cup official match balls
List of AFC Asian Cup official match balls
List of Olympic Football official match balls
References
External links
The History of the Official European Championship Match Balls at soccerball.com | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Adber
Adber (formerly Eatan) is a hamlet in Dorset, England. It is known as Ateberie in the Domesday Book.
Adber has no church. Its position affords fine views over the county of Somerset.
References
External links
Category:Villages in Dorset
Category:Places formerly in Somerset | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Alfred R. Kahn
Alfred Robert Kahn (born January 18, 1947) is an American executive. From 1991 to 2011, he was Chairman and CEO of 4Kids Entertainment, a company that is a global provider of children's entertainment and merchandise licensing. He previously led the licensing division for the Coleco company. In 1995, he turned Leisure Concepts, Inc. into 4Kids Entertainment, having previously served as chairman and CEO of the company since March 1991. In 2002, he founded the National Law Enforcement and Firefighters Children's Foundation. In 2012 he co-founded CraneKahn LLC and is currently the CEO and co-owner of that company.
Kahn also serves on the Board of Directors of the Federal Drug Agents Foundation, Children's Tumor Foundation, Stephen Gaynor School for Learning Difficulties, Long Island University, and Bette Midler's New York Restoration Project. He has also appeared in various conferences surrounding the anime industry.
Career
Born in Brooklyn to Murray and Lilyane Kaplan Kahn, Alfred R. Kahn graduated from C.W. Post College at Long Island University. Previously the head of the licensing division for Coleco, Kahn joined Leisure Concepts, Inc., turning that company into 4Kids Entertainment, for which he became Vice Chairman in July 1987 and later Chairman and CEO in 1991. 4Kids eventually became the largest trading entity in North America in the 1990s due to its success of licensing Japanese anime series Pokémon and Yu-Gi-Oh! among many others, as well as producing American series like Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles. Kahn has been the executive producer for numerous other 4Kids properties, including G.I. Joe Sigma 6 and Cubix.
In September 2002, Kahn founded the National Law Enforcement and Firefighters Children's Foundation to help the children of law enforcement personnel and firefighters and fund anti-drug and anti-violence programs. Kahn also serves on the Board of Directors of the Federal Drug Agents Foundation, the Children's Tumor Foundation, the Stephen Gaynor School for Learning Difficulties, Long Island University, and Bette Midler's New York Restoration Project.
On June 22, 2005, LIMA, the International Licensing Industry Merchandisers' Association, inducted Kahn into the Murray Altchuler Licensing Hall of Fame for his "continual and outstanding" contributions to the licensing industry for over 10 years. Over those 10 years, Kahn and 4Kids had licensed such huge and popular properties such as Pokémon, Yu-Gi-Oh!, Tokyo Mew Mew and Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles.
Kahn also won the 2006 Spirit of Achievement award from the National Center for Learning Disabilities.
In December 2007, Kahn served as a panelist in the ICv2 Conference on Anime and Manga in New York City. There, he commented about the Japanese manga industry that "mainga (sic) is dying in Japan".This particular comment sparked some derisive comments from fans. Rich Johnson of Yen Press replied to the previous comment, stating that manga was still a billion dollar industry in a down phase.
Kahn retired as the CEO of 4Kids Entertainment on January 11, 2011.
Kahn founded CraneKahn LLC with his wife Jillian Crane in early 2012, acting as the CEO of the company. CraneKahn is an intellectual property development and marketing company. They also act as consultants for a variety of companies helping to develop and monetize their brands.
Criticism and controversy
Kahn incited controversy during a manga panel at the 2006 New York Comic Con when he bluntly stated "Kids today don't read, they read less today." This incited a negative reaction from many of those present in the room, mainly librarians and other representatives of the publishing industry. He later elaborated on his comment by saying that, "In every survey, we find that they're watching more television, they're on the Internet more, and that content, although being king, is very disposable. Because the way content gets put out now, it gets put out free. " Viz Media's Liza Coppola responded to Kahn's words by bringing up Viz's partnership with the Read for America literacy campaign, stating "Manga is a great medium to bring kids back to reading." Publishers Weekly went on to note in their online article that "(Kahn) noted that many people in the U.S. walk around with MP3 players or other electronic devices, whereas in Japan, everyone on the subway seems to have a '3,000-page manga'."
Kahn has caused a lot of controversy among fans of anime who believe that his "Americanization" and censorship of anime licensed by 4Kids tarnishes their original format. In a 2005 interview with Anime News Network, Kahn defended his company's actions by claiming that such actions are necessary to make the series appeal better to children. In response to such criticism, 4Kids Entertainment eventually released unedited versions of their licensed series Yu-Gi-Oh! and Shaman King in the fall of 2004, but the releases were terminated in spring 2005 for unknown reasons.
References
Category:1947 births
Category:Living people
Category:American chief executives
Category:Television producers from New York City
Category:Anime industry
Category:Long Island University alumni
Category:People from Brooklyn | {
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Atheneum Suite Hotel Detroit
The Atheneum Suite Hotel is a luxury all-suite boutique hotel located in the Greektown Historic District of Detroit, Michigan, near the Comerica Park and Ford Field stadiums. The hotel architecture is a Greek themed Modern style.
Notes
References and further reading
External links
Atheneum Suite Hotel
Category:Greektown, Detroit
Category:Hotels in Detroit | {
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Maarab
Maarab () is a village located in the Keserwan District of the Mount Lebanon Governorate in Lebanon.
Notable residents
Samir Geagea, the executive chairman of the Lebanese Forces.
References
Category:Keserwan District
Category:Populated places in Mount Lebanon Governorate | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Jan Tops
Johannes Augustinus Petrus "Jan" Tops (born April 5, 1961) is an equestrian from the Netherlands, who won the gold medal in the team jumping event at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain riding Top Gun. He did so alongside Piet Raijmakers, Jos Lansink and Bert Romp. He competed in four consecutive Summer Olympics for his native country, starting in 1988.
Jan Tops initiated the Global Champions Tour in 2006. The equestrian sport was in need of a positive impulse, and by founding this world class renown tour, the media attention was increased as well as the prize money.
Presenting sponsors CN and CN WorldWide have been with the GCT since the beginning, as well as media partner Eurosport who broadcasts the Global Champions Tour legs in 59 countries. Rolex has become the official timepiece since 2008.
The legs of 2008 took place in Doha (QAT), Hamburg (GER), Cannes (FRA), Monte-Carlo (MON), Estoril (POR), Valkenswaard (NED), Arezzo (ITA), and São Paulo (BRA).
Tops was born in Valkenswaard. He married Australian-born Edwina Alexander in September 2011.
References
Dutch Olympic Committee
Category:1961 births
Category:Living people
Category:Dutch show jumping riders
Category:Olympic equestrians of the Netherlands
Category:Dutch male equestrians
Category:Equestrians at the 1988 Summer Olympics
Category:Equestrians at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Category:Equestrians at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Category:Equestrians at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Category:Olympic gold medalists for the Netherlands
Category:People from Valkenswaard
Category:Olympic medalists in equestrian
Category:Medalists at the 1992 Summer Olympics | {
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Broom Buzzems
"Buy Broom Buzzems" (or "Buy Broom Besums") is a song attributed by many to William Purvis, probably better known as "Blind Willie" (1752 - 1832), a Tyneside songwriter and performer in the end of the 18th and start of the 19th century, and is considered by many to be his piece de resistance.
Possible authorship
William Purvis is described as the writer/composer of this piece by many books and journals, while others dispute this. There is no real evidence either way. But what can be said is that he made it his own and he was in the habit of adding new verses and removing old verses as it suited him. These verses may have been written by himself or by others for him, and usually had no connection with the original theme. There are several other versions of the song. One version was popular just over the border in Southern Scotland and of which Rabbie Burns, for one, knew and in 1796 wrote a satirical piece, Buy Braw Troggin, set to the tune. Another version, The Besom Maker or Green Besoms, although it shares a refrain with this song, is otherwise quite different (the Roud Index assigns it number 910) and can be seen, as The Besom Maker, at Bodleian Library Broadside Ballads.
The lyrics
"Broom Buzzems" refers to brooms (besoms). For a translation of other words, see Geordie dialect words.
Part 1 – the main (original) verses:
Part 2 – to the original, these are some of the new wimple verses that Blind Willie (the native minstrel of Newcastle) had added:
Recordings
Richard Lewis CBE (10 May 1914 – 13 November 1990) was a Welsh tenor
YouTube recording by Richard Lewis
YouTube recording by Northumbrian Smallpipes (in dialect)
YouTube recording by Ray Beasley
References
External links
[The Newcastle Song Book or Tyne-Side Songster W&T Fordyce Newcastle upon Tyne]
Conrad Bladey's Beuk O' Newcassel Sangs
Category:English folk songs | {
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Titanium(III) oxide
Titanium(III) oxide (Ti2O3) is a chemical compound of titanium and oxygen. It is prepared by reacting titanium dioxide with titanium metal at 1600 °C.
Ti2O3 has the Al2O3, corundum structure. It is reactive with oxidising acids. At around 200 °C there is a transition from semiconducting to metallic conducting. Natural titanium(III) oxide is known as the extremely rare mineral tistarite.
References
Category:Oxides
Category:Titanium compounds
Category:Inorganic compound stubs
Category:Sesquioxides | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Ichabod Range
The Ichabod Range is a mountain range in Elko County, Nevada. The northern portion of the range is contained within the Mountain City Ranger District of the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest. The range is considered to be a sub-range of the Jarbidge Mountains.
References
Category:Mountain ranges of Nevada
Category:Mountain ranges of Elko County, Nevada | {
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Begonia aequilateralis
Begonia aequilateralis Irmsch., 1929 is a species of begonia known only from the Sungai Buloh area of Selangor, Peninsular Malaysia.
"...probably the most endangered begonia in the Peninsula, being known from a single small population in a forest area currently being cleared." - Kiew, p. 261
References
, Mitteilungen aus dem Institut für allgemeine Botanik in Hamburg 8:134. 1929
, Begonias of Peninsular Malaysia :261-264, 2005
tfbc.frim.gov: "Saving a highly endangered begonia"
aequilateralis
Category:Endemic flora of Selangor
Category:Flora of Peninsular Malaysia
Category:Endangered plants
Category:Plants described in 1929 | {
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Nyi Ageng Serang
Raden Ajeng Kustiyah Wulaningish Retno Edhi (1752–1838), better known as Nyi Ageng Serang, is a National Hero of Indonesia.
Biography
Nyi Ageng Serang was born under the name Raden Ajeng Kustiyah Wulaningish Retno Edhi in Serang ( north of Solo), in 1752. Her father was Pangeran Natapraja (also known as Panembahan Serang), a ruler of Serang and Pangeran Mangkubumi's war commander. She was also a descendant of Sunan Kalijaga. The name Nyi Ageng Serang was given to her after her father lived of disease and she took over his position.
She helped her father to fight against the Dutch colonial government, which attacked them because her father still maintained troops, in violation of the Treaty of Giyanti. After the battle, she was arrested and taken to Yogyakarta. Then, she was sent back to Serang.
At the beginning of Diponegoro War in 1825, 73-year-old Nyi Ageng Serang commanded the force on a stretcher to help Pangeran Diponegoro fighting the Dutch. During the war, she was accompanied by her son-in-law, Raden Mas Pak-pak. She also became a war advisor. She fought in several areas, including Purwodadi, Demak, Semarang, Juwana, Kudus, and Rembang. She was also assigned to defend the area of Prambanan from the Dutch. One of her best-known strategies was the use of lumbu (green taro leaves) for disguise. Her forces attached the lumbu to poles to look like a taro orchard. She stopped fighting after 3 years, although her son-in-law continued fighting. Despite fighting the Dutch, beginning in 1833 they gave her an annuity of 100 gulden per month.
She died in Yogyakarta in 1838. Her remains were buried in Beku, Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta.
Legacy
Nyi Ageng Serang was awarded the title National Heroine of Indonesia through Presidential Decree number 084/TK/1974 on 13 December 1974. One of her grandsons, Raden Mas Soewardi Soerjaningrat, is also a national hero. Her name is used for the building of the Culture and Museum Office () in South Jakarta.
References
Bibliography
Category:1752 births
Category:1838 deaths
Category:National Heroes of Indonesia
Category:Women in 19th-century warfare
Category:Women in war in Indonesia | {
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Karate at the 2009 World Games – Men's kumite 75 kg
The men's 75 kg tournament in karate at the 2009 World Games was held on July 25 at the National Sun Yat-Sen University Gymnasium.
Medalists
Round robin
Group A
Group B
Knock-out stage
External links
2009 World Games Info system
Men's kumite 75 kg | {
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Jack Rollan
Jack Rollan (1923–2007) was a Swiss journalist. He published, among others, books of Léon Savary.
External links
Category:1916 births
Category:2007 deaths
Category:People from the canton of Vaud
Category:Pseudonymous writers
Category:Swiss journalists
Category:Swiss writers in French | {
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Kettle Hill (New York)
Kettle Hill is a mountain located in the Catskill Mountains of New York northeast of Margaretville. Pakatakan Mountain is located south of Kettle Hill and Cole Hill is located southeast.
References
Category:Mountains of Delaware County, New York
Category:Mountains of New York (state) | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Master of the Rebel Angels
The Master of the Rebel Angels is an anonymous master of the Sienese School, during the second quarter of the 14th century (Trecento).
He is only known by two panels of an ancient polyptych painted between 1340 and 1345. They can be seen at the Musée du Louvre.
His name is derived from one of these panels called The Fall of the Rebel Angels. The other panel depicts Saint Martin dividing his cloak with the beggar.
The Master of the Rebel Angels had an influence on Limbourg brothers for the illuminated manuscript Les Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry (around 1410).
Bibliography
Michel Laclotte, « Le Maître des Anges Rebelles » in Paragone, 237, 1969, pp. 3–14.
Joseph Polzer, « The 'Master of the Rebel Angels' reconsidered » in The art bulletin, LXIII, 1981, pp. 562–584. Article JSTOR
External links
French Database Joconde
Category:14th-century Italian painters
Category:Trecento painters
Category:Sienese painters
Category:Gothic painters
Rebel Angels, Master of the | {
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2017 Nordic Futsal Championship
The 2017 Nordic Futsal Championship, was the seventh edition of the Nordic Futsal Championship hosted by Espoo, Finland.
Group stage
Group A
Group B
Final round
5th/6th place match
Third place match
Final
Awards
Winner: SoVo Futsal
Runners-up: Golden Futsal Team
Third-Place: Köbenhavn Futsal
Top scorer:
Best Player:
Final standing
References
Futsal Planet
2017
Category:2017–18 in European futsal
2017
Category:2017 in Finnish football
Category:Sport in Espoo | {
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Birmingham Architectural Association
The Birmingham Architectural Association (BAA), known between 1933 and 1967 as the Birmingham and Five Counties Architectural Association, is a professional association of architects based in Birmingham, England, and affiliated to the West Midlands Region of the Royal Institute of British Architects.
The association was formed through the amalgamation of two earlier groupings. The Birmingham Architectural Society was founded in 1851 with the aim of holding regular meetings between senior local members of the profession and providing an architectural library. The Birmingham and District Architectural Association was formed in 1874 for younger members of the profession. The two were closely related, with a member of the senior society being elected as the President of the junior grouping, and by 1895 the two had combined into a single organisation under the Birmingham Architectural Association name.
The Birmingham School of Architecture can trace its origins to a series of classes held by the association in 1908.
By 1933 membership had expanded to include architects from the area surrounding the city. In that year the name of the association was changed to the Birmingham and Five Counties Architectural Association to reflect its representation in the counties of Warwickshire, Staffordshire, Shropshire, Worcestershire and Herefordshire - the area of the modern West Midlands Region. Chapters were set up throughout the district and studentships were awarded for the first time.
In 1968 the Royal Institute of British Architects reorganised into a comprehensive regional structure. The regional role of the Birmingham association was taken over by the new West Midlands Region of the RIBA, and the BAA returned to its original name and role representing the architects of the city, as the largest of the new region's six affiliated societies.
See also
John Jones Bateman - founder and first president
References
External links
Birmingham Architectural Association Official website
Category:Architecture organisations based in the United Kingdom
Category:Architecture-related professional associations
Category:Professional associations based in the United Kingdom
Category:Culture in Birmingham, West Midlands
Category:Organisations based in Birmingham, West Midlands
Category:Clubs and societies in the West Midlands (county) | {
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Tubinsky
Tubinsky () is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Tubinsky Selsoviet, Baymaksky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 1,228 as of 2010. There are 15 streets.
References
Category:Rural localities in Bashkortostan | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Joseph Shenker
Joseph P. Shenker (October 7, 1939 – September 20, 2008) was the first President of LaGuardia Community College and the fifth president of the Bank Street College of Education (1988-1995). From 1995-2008, he was provost of the C. W. Post campus of Long Island University.
Career
He was appointed as interim president of Kingsborough Community College in Brooklyn in 1969. In 1974, Shenker founded the first charter school in the United States - the LaGuardia Middle College High School, as well as the International High School in Queens, NY.
He was a member of the board of directors of The Wallace Foundation since 2001.
Early life
Shenker was born in Manhattan, the only child of George and Isabel Schwartz Shenker. George was a Russian immigrant from Russia who owned a shoulder-pad factory and Isabel was a bookkeeper.
He attended Hunter College, receiving his bachelor's degree in psychology in 1962 and his master's degree in economics in 1963. He received his doctorate in higher education administration from Teachers College, Columbia University in 1969.
Personal life
Shenker died from complications of pulmonary fibrosis. He was married twice: first to Adrienne Greene, and later to Susan Smyth Shenker. He had four children and three grandchildren.
References
Category:1939 births
Category:2008 deaths
Category:Presidents of Bank Street College of Education
Category:Presidents of campuses of City University of New York
Category:People from Manhattan
Category:Hunter College alumni
Category:Teachers College, Columbia University alumni
Category:Long Island University people
Category:Deaths from pulmonary fibrosis | {
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Oscar Pinto (footballer)
Oscar Manuel Pinto Marín (born 22 January 2002) is a Peruvian footballer who plays as a forward for USMP.
Career statistics
Club
Notes
References
Category:2002 births
Category:Living people
Category:Peruvian footballers
Category:Peru youth international footballers
Category:Association football forwards
Category:Universidad San Martín footballers
Category:Sportspeople from Lima | {
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Serra de Monchique
The Serra de Monchique (Monchique Range) is a chain of mountains in the western part of the Algarve region of Portugal, about 20 km inshore. The chain's highest point is the peak of Fóia, at 902 m. 774 m high Picota is another notable peak.
Description
The Monchique Range is the southwesternmost mountain range of the Iberian Peninsula. It is covered in forest and parts of the range have been transformed into eucalyptus, pine and acacia plantations which are detrimental to the native forest cover.
The range is named after the town of Monchique, located in the area.
Caldas de Monchique is a well-known spa town with geothermal springs also located in this range.
Rivers Seixe, Aljezur and Odiáxere have their sources in this range.
Geology
The Monchique Range is part of the Late-Cretaceous Iberian Alkaline Igneous Province and is related to the Mount Ormonde seamount in the Gorringe Bank. The inselberg is formed primarily of nepheline-syenites (foyaite, for which 'Foia' is the type locality). At c.63 km2 Monchique the fourth largest miaskitic nepheline-syenite intrusion so far discovered. It is assumed to be of 'laccolithic' form, from its regular contact altitude to the Breijera formation (country rock). Pegmatites of similar foyaitic composition are seen within the mass at two locations and an associated dyke swarm of lamprophyres and picrites extends some 3 km from the mountain. the psammite/shale/marl country rocks of the Breijera formation are well exposed to the west of Serra de Monchique, forming jagged outcrops and dramatic gorges, which since the destructive introduction of eucalyptus farming in 1976, now run dry most of the year round.
Ecology
Serra de Monchique is threatened by continued aggressive eucalyptus 'cash-crop' farming, recent publications have shown the water table to be lowering significantly and many endemic species to be on the brink of extinction, including the Bonellis Eagle, the Iberian emerald lizard and many more listed under European Union protection.
See also
Geography of Portugal
Geology of the Iberian Peninsula
References
External links
Around Monchique and the mountains
Category:Mountain ranges of Portugal
Category:Natura 2000 in Portugal | {
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Million Dollar Challenge (TV program)
Million Dollar Challenge (also referred to as the PokerStars Million Dollar Challenge and PokerStars.net Million Dollar Challenge) is the most watched poker show in television history. It is sponsored by PokerStars. The show, which airs on the Fox Broadcasting Company, debuted on October 11, 2009. The show is hosted by Chris Rose and features Daniel Negreanu. The first season included five episodes following the FOX network Sunday National Football League coverage. The finale aired on December 27, 2009. The eight-episode season 2 premiered on September 19, 2010 and is scheduled to conclude on December 12.
Show description
Million Dollar Challenge is a poker game show where amateur poker players attempt to defeat celebrities, professional poker players and, eventually, Daniel Negreanu in order to win the show's grand prize, $1 million. In the first round, the amateur (with Negreanu at their side, acting as their coach and lending advice) must defeat a celebrity such as Jayde Nicole, Jerome Bettis, Joanna Krupa, John Salley or Tito Ortiz. If the contestant is able to defeat the celebrity the contestant wins a trip to the Bahamas and advances to the second round. In the second round, the amateur (with Negreanu now helping them from a sound proof booth, giving them advice through a listening device in the amateur's ear) must defeat a professional poker player such as Vanessa Rousso, Barry Greenstein, Joe Cada or Chris Moneymaker. If the contestant is able to defeat the professional the contestant wins $25,000 in addition to the trip to the Bahamas. At this point, the amateur has a decision to make. Keep the money and walk away $25,000 richer, or risk the money (the trip is still theirs to keep) and play Daniel Negreanu heads-up for $100,000, knowing that if they lose they walk away with nothing but the trip to the Bahamas. In the season finale, the champions from each episode compete against each other in a sit-n-go tournament, the winner of which plays Negreanu for $1 million.
Season 1
The first three episodes of the season were the three most-watched Poker television shows in U.S. history. The show aired on Sundays after the FOX National Football League coverage. In the first episode that aired on October 11, contestant Father Andrew Trapp defeated John Salley, Rousso and Negreanu, winning $100,000 and a trip to the Bahamas in the process, all of which he promised to donate to his church in Garden City, South Carolina. Trapp also won the chance to play in a mini-tournament (Episode 5), the winner of which would play Negreanu for $1,000,000. On October 18, after contestant Tracy Nguyen defeated Bettis and won a trip to the Bahamas, but lost to Barry Greenstein, the next contestant Sergeant Denny Luna defeated Nicole, Moneymaker to win $25,000 and a trip to the Bahamas. Luna then chose to walk away (and not risk the $25,000 he had already won) rather than face Negreanu in the $100,000 match. On the November 22 episode after contestant Oluwasegun Odumuyiwa lost to Bettis, Brian Barboza defeated Nicole, Rousso and Negreanu, winning $100,000 and a trip to the Bahamas. Barboza also won the chance to play in a mini-tournament, the winner of which would play Negreanu for $1,000,000. In December Joanna Krupa and Joe Cada were announced as newly added as celebrity and professional opponents. Ortiz and Krupa appeared on the fourth episode, which aired on December 13. Cada appeared, but he did not play a hand. Dwayne Buth, playing on behalf of the Cal State Fullerton wrestling team, lost to Ortiz. Mike Kosowski, a first responder during the September 11 attacks lost to Krupa. The final airing of the competition among the previous winners was expected on December 27. However, when the contestants on the fourth episode all lost, a single table tournament was held to determine the fourth contestant. Kosowski won and then bested Luna, Barboza and Trapp, in that order, in the Challenge of Champions for a $100,000 prize and a chance to play Negreanu for $1million. In three hands of heads up play, he bested Negreanu.
Season 2
Season two premiered on September 19 during the second weekend of the 2010 NFL season. The program will continue to air on the FOX network as a companion to the NFL programming on the seven weekends that FOX does not have doubleheaders (September 19 and 26, October 10 and 24, November 7 and 21 and December 12). The show will air before or after the football game depending upon the region of the country.
Critical review
Professional poker player Doyle Brunson has been critical of both Million Dollar Challenge and its contemporary rival Face the Ace as terrible shows unlikely to draw viewers. Negreanu responded, via blog, to this type of criticism that the show is not intended for the serious poker player, but rather is aimed at more casual audience. There was some controversy about a poker playing priest on national television that sparked theological debate.
Notes
External links
Official page at PokerStars
Category:2000s American television series
Category:2009 American television series debuts
Category:Fox Broadcasting Company original programming
Category:Poker television programs
Category:Poker in North America
Category:PokerStars | {
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2002 FIA Sportscar Championship Dijon
The 2002 FIA Sportscar Championship Dijon was the fifth race for the 2002 FIA Sportscar Championship season held at Dijon-Prenois, France. It took place on August 18, 2002.
Official results
Class winners in bold. Cars failing to complete 75% of winner's distance marked as Not Classified (NC).
Statistics
Pole Position - #8 Racing For Holland - 1:10.901
Fastest Lap - #8 Racing For Holland - 1:11.614
Distance - 448.400 km
Average Speed - 179.232 km/h
External links
Race results
D
FIA Sportscar | {
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USS Implicit (AM-246)
USS Implicit (AM-246) was an Admirable-class minesweeper built for the U.S. Navy during World War II. She was built to clear minefields in offshore waters, and served the Navy in the North Atlantic Ocean and then in the Pacific Ocean. She finished the war with two battle stars to her credit.
Implicit was launched by Savannah Machine & Foundry Co., Savannah, Georgia, 6 September 1943; sponsored by Mrs. Helen P. Page, and commissioned 20 January 1944, Lt. Comdr. H. V. Brown in command.
World War II North Atlantic operations
Following her shakedown training in Chesapeake and Casco Bays, Implicit sailed from Norfolk, Virginia, 21 April 1944 on convoy duty to Bermuda. She steamed between Norfolk and Caribbean ports on escort duty until returning to Hampton Roads 16 June. The ship then prepared for her part in the invasion of southern France, sailing 24 July 1944 with transports bound for Oran, Algeria. She arrived off southern France 20 August, 5 days after the initial landings, and began a daily schedule of minesweeping and patrolling. She disposed of many floating mines, and exchanged fire with a shore battery 6 September and 10 September. Implicit sailed from San Rafael for Bizerte 23 October where she conducted minesweeping exercises.
The ship sailed from Palermo 18 January 1945 and after stopping at Athens and Istanbul arrived Yalta 31 January 1945 to be on hand at the historic Yalta Conference of Allied heads of state. After the conference she retraced her steps, arriving Palermo 21 February. After antisubmarine exercises, Implicit sailed in convoy for the United States, arriving Norfolk 5 May 1945.
Transfer to the Pacific Fleet
With the war in Europe over, she prepared for Pacific service, and sailed 5 July 1945 via the Panama Canal for San Diego. There the ship conducted minesweeping and countermeasures exercises in California waters before arriving Pearl Harbor 20 August, 5 days after the surrender of Japan.
The end of the war brought rigorous duty for fleet minesweepers, and Implicit sailed 3 September for Eniwetok, Saipan, Okinawa, and other Pacific Islands to take up minefields. She also performed this vital dangerous duty in Sasebo harbor and in the South China Sea, as well as in Formosa Strait. The ship sailed from Eniwetok 18 February 1946, and arrived San Pedro, California, via the Hawaiian Islands 18 March. She remained there until 20 July, when the veteran ship got underway for transfer to China.
Decommissioning
Steaming via Eniwetok and the Philippines, she arrived Subic Bay 30 October 1946 and decommissioned 16 November 1946. After much delay she was eventually turned over to the Nationalist Chinese Navy 15 June 1948 where she served as Yung Chia (MSF-47). She was decommissioned in August 1970 and was struck from the Naval Vessel Register. Fate unknown.
Awards
Implicit received two battle stars for World War II service.
References
External links
NavSource Online: Mine Warfare Vessel Photo Archive - Implicit (AM-246)
Category:Admirable-class minesweepers
Category:Ships built in Savannah, Georgia
Category:1943 ships
Category:World War II minesweepers of the United States
Category:Admirable-class minesweepers of the Republic of China Navy | {
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José Arturo Sánchez
José Arturo Sánchez Méndez (born 26 August 1996) is a Dominican footballer who plays as a forward for Atlántico FC and the Dominican Republic national team.
International career
Sánchez made his international debut on 30 August 2016, when he entered as an 88th-minute substitute in a win friendly against Puerto Rico.
References
External links
LaPreferente profile
Category:1996 births
Category:Living people
Category:Dominican Republic footballers
Category:Divisiones Regionales de Fútbol players
Category:Dominican Republic international footballers
Category:Dominican Republic expatriate footballers
Category:Dominican Republic expatriate sportspeople in Spain
Category:Association football midfielders
Category:Association football forwards | {
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SP-383
SP-383 is a state highway in the state of São Paulo in Brazil.
Category:Highways in São Paulo (state)
pt:SP-383 | {
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Subsets and Splits